±~~~~~*0 I,0 bra.. ",cs~r g ;r, 4Pp¶f|'g ~~~~~\' i ;;_ _rS. I .SSFf,ast People's Republic of China - 7 i x - ...' Shaanxi Highway Project n . . . ,- An Environment'Impact Report onJianghang-, Famensi Class -.Two Auto-Only 'Highway . Xian Highway Transportation University April, 1995 . E'- -. ,', '.. .r People's Republic of China Shaanxi Highway Project 11 An Environment Impact Report on Jiangzhang- Famensi Class-Two Auto-Only Highway Xian Highway Transportation University April . 1995 Statement-making Organization: Xian Highway Transportation-University Legal Person: Wang Binggang Chief Engineer: Zhang Yufen Person in Charge of the Project: Liu Shan Zhang Yufen Division of Duty of Statement Writing: Statement Maker Liu Shan Lecturer Subject of Ecological Environmental Impact Cao Shencun Associate professor Subject of Acoustic Environmental Impact Zhang Yufen Professor Subject of Atmospheric Envirunmental Impact Deng Shunxi Lecturer Hydraulic and Agricultural Irrigation Impact Zhao Jianqiang Lecturer Cultural Relics and Public Participation Report Lill Shan Lecturer Participants: Zhu Wei Dong Xiaolin Yuan Weining Wang Lili *~ ~~~ - F ; introduction Jiangzhang-Famensi Class-:Two Automobile-.Oly Highway (ca:-e JFH) is located inside Fufeng county, connecting Xian - Baoji class - one highway with Famensi Tamrple with a total length of 20. 092km. The o%erall cost of the project covers 117,281,600 yuan. In recent years, Famensi Temple becomes well known for its finger relics of Buddha and some other unearthed treasures both at home and abroad, at- tracting domestic and foreign monks, priests, visitors and scholars to pay vis- its. But the conditions of the existing roads to Famensi Temple are poor, un- coordinated with the tourist development. According to the need of local tourism, the government of Baoji city and the county council of Fufeng put forward a suggestion to build up a tourism-only highway between Jiangzhang and Famensi Temple at the 13th people's Congress of Shaauxi province The suggestion was approved in principle and it will be carried out in the late years of the eighth 5-year plan as a key construction project. ln January, 1994, Shaanxi Provincial Reconnaissance and Design Insti- tute completed The Road Engineering Feasibility Report of Jiangzhang - Famnensi Highway. which was placed in Oct. on the 1994 World Bank Loan Application Pruject after the discussion with the World Bank. In Oct, 1994, Xan Highway Transportation University was asked by Shaanxi Provincial Communications Division to do the environment assessment of Jiangzhang - Famensi Highway. In January, 1995, Shaanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau held in Xian an opinion soliciting conference for the environmental assessment outline and approved it in the document of Shaanxi Environment Supervision (1995). In January, 1995, the first draft was made. The environment protection expert Suzuki of tthe World Bank made a great suggestions in April before its revision and submission to the World Bank and Shaaxi Provincial Environmen- tal Protection Bureau. The present sound enviromment materials in the assessment report come from monitoring on the spots by Xian Highway Transportation University, while the others from the environmental protection units of Fufeng county and the Unified reconnaissance Research Institute of the Electric Ministry. During- the assessment work, thanks for the great help from Shannxi Provincial Communications Division, the Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, The Provincial Reconnaissance and Design Institute. Fufeng transportation Bu- reau, Shaanxi Provincial Meteorology Bureau and some other units. Content General Statement *. *eet*.*oe(......*#4**4 4 (1) 1. 1 Source of the Project and its Preliminary Work .m ( 1) 1. 2 A.ssessmnent Purpose *- ..*.*.*... ...... .......* ( 2) 1. 3 Basis of the Report . *e9-t- e e*.- * (2) 1. 4 Assessment Personnel . -- ......--.- (2) 1. 5 Assessment Content + ........................... . (3) 1. 6 Scope Standards and Time Period of EIA . -...... ---. (3) 1. 7 Assessment Methods *...................*..** ..................... (4) 1. 8 Laws, Priniples and Regulations Observed During Project Development -....-........----.------.6.......*........**** (4) 1. 9 Major Environmental Sensitive Spot Distribution along the HEighbway (-..-......-......................... -5) 1. 10 Content Arrangement ............. ....... (5) 2 Engineering Survey .......... ....... ....Wso ........ ......... (7) *2. 1 Significance of the Project Construction 0 - * . (7) 2. 2 Alignment of the Route and Main Control Points (7) 2. 3 Construction Scale, Technical Standard and Schedule .- (8) 2. 4 Econorm ic Assessment of the Projec-t .................. (14) 2. 5 Removal and Resettlement .. (14) 2. 6 Engineering Construction Organization .......--.-.... --.. . (15) 2. 7 Environmental Impact Analysis of the Project . (15) 3 General Environmental Situation ..--.. (17) 3.1 Introduction of the Project Impacted Areas . . . (17) 3. 2 Physical Resources * ---.-.--.-----....-.--.(18) 3. 3 Ecological Environment ....... ........*........... .(23) 3. 4 Social Environment ...................(24) 3. 5 L ife Quality .........*.... ........ s.....a*...ess................ (30) 4 Environmental Impact Prognosis and Assessment ..-..... (31) .'1. 4. 1 Relics. Scenes and Tourism ... . ... . ... .... (3D1) 4. 1. 1 Cultural Relics .-..-.. (31 4. 1. 2 Scenes - * - s -e ........................*..@oo,..9W....q. - . (33) 4. 1. 3 T¶ourisnm * . . . . .... . * ^P.@9.9y.S99* t ( 34) 4. 1. 4 Summary *.ee*............... ...*.et@9*9.99 (34) 4. 2 Acoustic Environnment *.........*.......e,......*.......*..*. (34) 4. 2. 1 During Construction ..........esssee.... ............. e (34) * 4.2. 2 During Service *....e.. (35) 4. 2. 3 Summary ............. ..........--.....- (38) 4. 3 Atmosphere Environnment *............ (38) 4. 3. 1 During Construction *........ e ............... ................. (38) 4. 3.2 During Service - Do. DoD (39) 4. 3. 3 Summary .-...........*. el -.....-(46) 4. 4 Ecological. Production -.-... .... ** **.. - (46) 0 4. 4. 1 Agricultural Environment . (47) 4. 4.2 Soil Erosion *. ...... .......... (49) 4. 4. 3 Animals and Vegetation.. .................... (49) 4. 4. 4 Summary-r ............... eq......).......... --. - ' 4. 5 Basic Facilities -.................................... v . . , (50) 4. 5. 1 Hydraulic Facilities and Farming lrziation ... . - (50) 4. 5. 2 TTraffic Envirorunent ....- .............................* (51) 4. 5. 3 Public Facilities -....-.......... ..........* . (52) 4. 6 Social Econormry ..-............ (53) 4. 7 Life Quality ................* - --. - ..................**.*..**. (53) 4. 8 Enviromnnental Impact Analysis on Construction Transport Roads and Borrovw A&reas ..*..................... . (55) 4.9 En-vironmnental Impact Analysis on Grade Separations (57) 4. 10 Analysis on Highway Transportation Venture -- . (57) 4. 11 Removal and Resettlement -.--.---......-............ (57) 5 Measures and Suggestions - -- (58) 5. 1 Unfavourable Impact from the Project ... (58) 5. 2 Measures Taken During Designing *.......(59) 5. 3 Measures Taken During Construction -........- (60) W 2- 5. 4 Measures Taken Duting Service ................--. ..... (62) 5. 5 Suggestions - ..... (62) 6 Alternates . ..... ......... ev ................ (64) 6. 1 Engineering Factor in Plan Alternate ........*.*'...... (64) 6. 2 Environmental Impact Factor in Plan Alternate ........... (65) 6. 3 Suggestions from local Governments and People. (65) 6. 4 Alternates Choosing .-.. ..... (65) 6. 5 Concl usion ()........ .. (66) 7 Loss and Benefit Analysis of Environmental Economy (67). 7. 1 Budget Estimate for Environmental Protection Engineering ........................................................ -67) 7. 2 Ilnvestment Benefit ......... (68) 7. 3 Environnment Loss .... (68) 8 Environment Administration and Supervision Plan .--.-.-.-(70) 8. 1 Environment Administration Plan .--..... (70) 8. 2 Environment Supervision Plan .....*........... .*... (75) 8. 3 Staff Trainin.g . .......................... . - ............. (80) 9 Public Participation -..-.. . . (81) 9. 1 Public Opinion Census . (81) 9. 2 Suggestions from Religious Groups --. . (82) 9. 3 Environrmental Consultation Activity . (83) 9. 4 Suggestions from Local Governments and Ordinary People ......................................... ..........e......*..... - (86) 9.5 Surmmnary . - - v - (86) 10 Conclusion of Assessment ......... . ........ (87) 10.1 Assessment Conclusion -........-............ (87) 10.2 Measures to Environmental Sensitive Spots (88) .3. Appendix3 Appendix I: Major Reference Materials Appendix I: Suggestions from Religious Groups Appendix 11: Public Opinion Census 4.- 1 General Statement 1. 1 The Source of the Project and Its Preliminary work 1. 1. 1 The Source of the Project The class-two Jiangzhang-Famensi automobile-only highway .called J - F Highway here in below ,is a road connecting Xian -Baoji class -one. highway with Famensi Temple, with the total length of 20. 092km. The overall cost of the project covers 117,281,600 yuan. In recent years, Faniensi Temnple, its finger relics of Buddha and some other unearthed treasures become well-known both at home and all over the world domestic and foreign monkss, priests, -visitors and scholars to pay visit to them. But the conditions of the existing road to Famensi Temple are poor. In addition, the road has been streetlized badly. Accordingly, the traffic is held up resulting in difficulties to tourists. According to the need of the local tourism, the government of the city of Baoji and the county council of Fufeng put forward a suggestion to build up a tourism - only highway between Jiangzhang and Famensi Temple at the 13th People's Congress of Shaanxi Province. The suggestion was approved in principle and it will be carried out in the late years of what it is called the eighth 5-year plan as a key construction. 1. 1. 2 Preliminary Work In January, 1994, Shaanxi Provincial Reconnaissance and Design Insti- tute completed I the Road Engineering Feasibility Report of Jiangzhang - Famensi Highway. In November, the same year, the Division of Communica- tions of Shaanxi Province held a meeting for the examination and approval of the feasibility of the project. In December, some leaders concerned from the division of communications and experts came to the site to do some surveying. In Oct, 1994, Xian Highway Transportation University was asked by the division of communications of Shaanxi province to do the environrmental assess- ment of Jiangzhang-Famensi Highway. Early in December, field in inspec- tion, environmental investigation and monitoring were made. Opinions from the public and removal households were also collected. As a result, an outline environmental impact assessment was compiled. In January, 1995, Shaanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Division held an opinions - solciting meeting about the outllne environmental evaluation and afterwards, in the same month, gave a reply to the outline. On the basis of the reply, the evalution work has begun. 1. 2 Tito Purpose of the Assessment (1) To provide sufficient basis for the rational location of line through quantitive and qualitive analysis of the impact the project may bring about, as wells through the prognosis and proof of the scope and degrec of the impact; (2 ) To put forward practical environmental protective measures by analysing the loss and benefit resulting from the project for the design, construction and management in service to minimize unfavourable influence on economy and environment. (3) To provide the local governments with scientific basis for planning and environmental management. 1. 3 Bases of the Report 1) "Environmental Protection Supervision Regulations in Construction Projects/ issued by SEPD, 86, No. 003; (2) "Environmental Protection Supervision Regulations in Transportation Projects' issued by MOC, 90, No. 17; (3) " On the Standards of Environmental Impact Assessment of Jiangzhang-Famensi Class-two Highway" issued by SEPD; (4) "The Letter Concerning Improving the Management of EE of the Loan Projects of the International Finance Bodies" issued by the State Envi- ronmental Protection Division, 1993, NO 324; (5) n The Environmental Supervision Regulations in Construction Projects" issued by Shaanxi Provincial Government, 1986, NO 186; (6) "The Outline EIA of Jiangzhang-Famensi, Jiangzhang-Tangyu Class-two Highway"; (7) "The Feasibility Study Report of Jiangzhang Famensi Class -two Automobile--only Highway" 1. 4 Assessment Staffs -2- * Il :~ f. NI'r,q8 . It - ,!Ma&. .. - 3 Environmental Situation 3. 1 Introduction to Project-impacted Areas 3. 1. 1 History Changes and Administrations The directly Impacted area Is Fuf-eng County. Fufeng County i,called M elyang In ancient times ,Is one of the origins of thec ancient cultures. During the Warring States C 350B. C) Melyang County was founded and renamed as Eufeng County in 487 A. D. Now it comes within the jurisdiction of the city of Baoji. Fufeng County has S towns and 10 townships, through 3 towns and 1 township of which the route ,ase I. e. JangZang, Duanjia, Chenguare (outside the county city)and Famen. 3. 1. 2 Population and Total O'utput Value The total outpul value obtained through investigation is showni in table3- Population and Total Output Value In the Impacted Areas along the Route area ~~~~~natural otu names area population lncreasec au total! agricultural output (kin') pouain rate of vganue value (Yuan) Fufeng County 7415. 8 420, 000 11. 9% 642,240,000 321,000,000 Jiangzhang 43..8 45,000 Duangjia 32.4 24,000 Cheragguan 50 49,000 Famnen 31 27,000. After connection with XIi-Bao Class-one High way, it will aff-ect the so- cial economy in B3aoji .Xian and -Xianyang indirectly. The pop ulation and total output value of the three cities are shown in table- 3 '2 -17- ~-. Population and.Output Value .t the-Three Major Cities Affected by the Project table 3-2 districts cities under mpojpulation or resources output value jurisdlcation . p 10 counties machinery,clectronics . BJi 2 dIstricts; 18,195 3,375,100 BaoJi 18(Fufny nctd- ex196 3,375m100 5 921,000,000 (Fufeny includ- ~~building materials,. food- ed) stuff machinery, textile, el- ttenics, XImn 6 countrics 9,983 6,232,000 electricity, chemicals, 14,460,000,000 X,an 7 districts 9,983 6,232,000 metallury, tourism etc. 11 counties 4extie ,electronics Xinagang 3 districts 10,213 4,453,000 machinery,metallurgy, 6,220,000,000 tourisn etc 3. 2 Physical Resources 3. 2. 1 Topography and Land Features The physical features of Fufeng county rise from the south to north. The northern part features low hills ,middle part, smooth loess table land,through which Weishui River passes. The average height above sea level is 591m with the highest point (1579. 8m) in wayuang Hills in the northern part, and the lowest point (438m) in Tangu Township and the height above scalevel is 590m. The proposed road lies in the middle and southern part of the county,the land of which features loess platform mainly with less sections passing through the terrace of Weihe River. 3. 2. 2 Geology and Seism The geological strata through which the road passes are chiefly of fully- new -loess and secondary loess. The surface is of gray-yellow, slight gray- yellow wind blown ancient deposits in the whole parts of Fufeng county. The -18-- total loess layer covers 10-13 meters thick; The upper of which is diluvial lay- er with the components of silt gravel pebbles, drifting stones and sub clay, 1- 35cm in thinkness, Neo -and mid - restoration series (Q, and Q2) scatter widely. and most are covered, in spite of the exposure on the valley bottoms and edges. The project area is architectonic between that of two units: North Chinese stratum and Qinling belt of folded strata, influenced by Liupanshan mountain fracture activities. The foundational earthquake intensity is 7 in seismic degree. The highway will cross at the town of Jiangzhang, Jiangzhang Break, which has been still active from proterozoic era. As a potential long-life fault, the fault length covers 1000 meters at JiangZhang area,covered with fully- neo-loess by alluviation between the Weihe alluvial plain and its loess terrace. 3. 2. 3 Climate 3. 2. 3.1 Climate Characteristics The proposed highway area is located in the Guanzhong Plain, under its climate of continent semi-humidification in temperate zone. That is. there are clear separations among the cold, warm. dry and wet in 4 seasons, rainy and hot in summer.cold and windy in winter with less rainfall. 70% of the annal rainfall gathers in summer and autumn. According to the yearly observation statistics from Fufeng Weather Station ,the average annual weather factors are shown: Fufeng Meixian average annual temperature 12.7 C 12. 3 C average annual air pressure 956. 9hpa 943. 3 hPa average annual precipitation 611. 2mm 614. Omm average relative moisture 73% 73%Y average annual wind velocity 1. 9m/s 1. 7m/s maximum wind velocity 14. 3m/s 14. 3 m/s sunshine time 2067.4h 1963. Oh fog date 9. 4d 5. 7 d storm and thunder date 16. Od 14. Sd 3. 2. 3. 2 Surface Wind Features (1) Wind Direction:Fufeng wind frequeney in fig 3-1 (1959-1990), It shows Fufeng wind directions have no clear season distribution. -19- -.R. : §"X:t 0; 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 5.. The Annual and Four-Season Wind Rose Diagrame In Fufeng County(1959-1990) fig 3-1 (2) Ground wind velocity:From the 1981-1990 data Fufeng county av- erages 1. 9m/sec in ground wind velocity. (3) Air Stability: According to the regular observation data from 1989 to 1993 in Fufeng Weather Station ,the air stabiity distribution frequency calcu- lated by Turner method can be seen in table 3-3. Air Stability Distribution Frequency In a year table 3-3 Air Stability month A B C D - E F Frequency(%) Jan 11 6 35 28 20 in Fufeng Apr 27 15 27 19 11 July 7 28 9 29 19 8 Oct 22 8 27 27 16 year 2 22 10 30 23 14 Frequency( % J) 9 8 37 27 20 in Meixian April 19 23 30 19 10 JulY 4 20 17 32 15 11 Oct 20 10 30 24 15 yea 1 17 14 32 21 14 3. 2. 4 Hydrology and Water Quality 3. 2. 4. 1 Surface Water There are two rivers (Wehle River and Weishui River) passing across the project area. The proposed highway will cross the Weishui River perpendicu- larly at the place, 1. 5km from the Funfeng Town. The Weishui River lasts about lOO1km long, which flows though Zhouguan, to the midde part of Fufeng via Qishang County, though finally into Qishui Rivrer at Wugong coun- ty. The regular water flows at the highway section is 1-Sm3/s, the maximum flow 300-400m3/s, which is influenced badly with season change. The river is used for irrigation in local areas. The Weishui river course forms a naturally irregular trapezoidal section, with a width of 200 meters. The proposed highway will pas9 across it at K9+ 500. by a bridge of 791m long. The Weishui river are badly polluted by the wastes drainage from a paper -making factory. -21- 3. 2. 4. 2 Under ground Water The local irrigation system is complete,including some hydraulic works at Baojixia. Fengjiashan Reservoir, Weihui Channel etc. Following the same step with the irrigation along the route, the local under ground water are shallow in the south and deep in the north successively, with the deepth from 2 to 70m. Ponding sometimes occurs between Jiangzhang and the Fufeng county Town, which causes some losses to residential life and agricaltural production. The under ground water quality is generally good, under the drinking standard. 3. 2. 5 Acoustic Environment Bv the monitoring ,the proposed area is in good acoustic condition for resi- dents living peacefully. The monitoring result is in table 3-4 JF Route Noise Determination (eg) table 3-4 Noise degree standard or Montoitg dB over standard pile NO site day night day night K8+300 Donwei vilage 44.3 38.7 K15+200 Niujia villagc 42.2 39.9 [18+000 Zhangjia vlbge 45.3 43.2 3.2.6 Air Environment According to the investigation on the route areas, the air pollutant density is lower than that of grade I in GB3095 - 82. The whole rural areas and towns are basically unpolluted in good air condition. local industries are gathered in Jiangzhang Town,whose air environment keeps in low level. See the air pollutant density verdict in table 3-5 JFH Air Pollutant Statistics along the Route(1995) table 3-5 once value daily average value Site PoUutant density (mg/ over - stan- density over standard m3) dardlate (z%) (mg/m3) rate (YO) co 0.41-7.07 0 1.10-3.15 0 Jiang2hanB NOx 0.03-0.11 0 0.04-0. 06 0 Town TSP 0.14-0.45 0 0.21-0. 32 50 Fufeng CO 0. 32-4.53 0 0.94-2. 32 0 Foufntytow NOx 0. 01-0.08 0 0. 03-0. 04 0 Countytowvn TSP 0.28-0.43 0 0.29-0 36 80 Co 0.28-4.8 0 0.90-2.30 0 Fampnsl NOx 0.02-0.06 0 0. 03-0. 04 0 Temple TSP 0.28-0.43 0 0.33-0.36 100 -22- 3.3 Ecologic Environment 3. 3. 1 Vegetation Resources The project area,Fufeng,is one of the Yellow River Culture resource As early as Shenneny period, 6000 years ago, when our ancestors lived, cultivat- ed and herded here. As time pases by, there are no primeval natural forest left but a little secondary bushes at the northern yieheshang mountain area. Along the roads and channels at the staged hills and valleys cover farmland forest belt, mainly of poplars, while artificially planted poplars, willows, lo- custs and metsequoia and etc spread everywhere by belt, seather or slice for- ms. Some trees at villages are mix-planted deciduous arbors. 3. 3. 2 Wild Animals By investingation and exploration along the route ,less wild animals and no rare ones exist in the project area, the populated and agricultural place. 3. 3. 3 Agricultural Production Fufeng County owns rich land and suitable climate, a good place for agri- cultural production. It is a grain and oil base of Shaanr Province. In 1992, the grain products per mu averaged 530kg in the whole part of the county with the generl loutput value of 321 million yuan, which covers 53.9% of the industry and agriculture general output value of the whole county. There are some grain crops in the project area, as wheat, coin,soybean,sorghum and rice; industrial crops as pepper,tobacco,cotton,.vegetables and etc; oil crops as rape, peanut. sesame etc. and fruits as mainly appk:s. The route area covers many apple saplings. The route soil situation shows in table 3-6. which means that the nitrog- en contents in soil is very low, while the pank contents are ok. The lead con- tent along Ithe route is lower than that of local background value,which means that the earth is in good quantity. -23- JFH sol along the route table 3-6 Nanic or organicsubstance Nitrogen Quick-actingQuick-acting la plaet Content (ppm) (ppm1s Jiangzhang less 1. 08 0. 071 14.93 101.20 66. 71 Duanjia loess 1.18 0. 078 12 64 113.47 7.05 the town hull decay soil 1. 11 0. 084 16.01 76.13 6.71 Famnensi loess 1. 13 0. 087 17.93 95. 18 6.71 3. 3. 4 Soil Erosion The route area is plain. Its average erosion modulus is 1327 t/kri. year, which belongs to that of mid-degree. The erosion occurs at some edges of loe- ss terraces. 3. 4 Social Environment 3. 4.1 Population and Employment The total population of the impact area of the project Fufeng County, is 429.300,the population density is 564/1km2, which is 3.53 tines of the av- erage density of the whole province. In this district, there are 37 college gradu- ates, 620 high school graduates, 3013 junior high school graduates out of every 10. 000 people. The agricultural population of the whole county make up 94. 2% the total population, and it is a traditional agricultural county. The town population make up 5. 8% of the total population, gathering in Jiangzhang?Fufeng county town. The population proportion that is engaged in agricultural, industrial and other trades' labor is 75. 5%, 11. 2% and 13. 3% respectively. 3. 4. 2 Tourist Resources,Cultural Relics and Historic Sites Fufeng County where the project lies is a county with a long history. It has always enjoyed the reputation of being "the home of bronze ware". The underground and above ground cultural relics are quite rich and precious. Within the territory of the county, there are 54 major cultural relic protection units and ruins, which are very valuable tourist resources -24- The route destination Famensi Temple is a famous Buddhist temple,it has been famous at home and abroad for arranging and placing the Buddist finger relics of Sakyamuni from the ancient times. The treasures of the underground palace of the Famensi Temple mainly include the four Buddist finger relics of Sakyamuni which the emperors of the Tang Dynasty prostrated themselves in worship; 12 pieces of goidware ai.2silverware which were made by the royal family of the Tang Dynasty and worshipped in the royal storehouse; the Mise porcelain series; Groups of gLassware from the ancient East Rome and other places; thousands of silk knit articles that gathered together the textile art of the Tang Dynasty; Over 400 pearls,jade and jewels and several thousands of painted woodware and the rare king Buddist pagoda in which the finger relics of Buddhist was arranged and placed. White marble pierTcopper Buddha,gold and silver box, crystal intermediate sarcophagus and outer coffin, etc, which were the priceless treasures of the world of that time, most of these treasures belong to the grade A cultural relics of the country, the quantity is large,the kinds are plentiful. the quality is high and the conservation is good, all these are unique in the archaeological history of the Tang Dynasty. It has a very inm- portant academic value in the -studying of social political history, cultural his- tory.religious history.science and technology history,the communication his- tory of China with foreign countries,art history, and etc. Baoji Municipality plans to remove the Thou Yuan Museumn to the Famen Temple .this wil not only be favourable to the construction of the museum ,but also make the tourist content of the Famensi Temple much richer. In the northwest,three km away from Fufeng county town, there is an ancient tower called Weifeng Tower, which was built during the Qianlong years of the Qing Dynasty(1758), with brick and wood structure, eight sides and nine storeys. It stands on the bench edge on the south bank of the Weihe River, being magnificient and eye - catching, when the planned JiangFa Highway passes the Weifeng Tower, 1km away in the east of the Tower, the majestic-looking of the ancient tower can be seen entirely. After the sampling inspection made by the Archeological Research Insti- tute of Shaanxi Province,it shows that in places where the route of the planned JiangFa highway passes ,there are Anban Xiahe Village and Fajia Village in the area just outside the city gate of Fufeng county.etc,two ancient ruins,grave- -25- yards. Both of them belong to county grade cultural relic protection units, their locations are as follows: Anban Xiahe ruins,graveyard: It lies in the north bench of Weihe River, in the southeast of Xiahe Vilage, the present noth route of XiBao highway passes through the ruins from east to west direction.the ruins includes Yang- shao Longshan, WestZhou ,Han Dynasty ,etc,four cultural remains ,its inten- sion is quite rich. The planned highway will pass through the ruins area from north to south direction, the area it will pass through is 2000 m2. Fajia Village ruins.graveyard It lies in the south bench of Weihe River,in the west of Fajia Village,the mud red pieces of pottery of Yangshao culture and the grey pieces of pottery mixed with sand of west Dynasty- The ruins area that the planned highway will pass is about 2000 sqm. 3. 4. 3 The Main Basic Facilities 3. 4. 3. 1 Water Irrigation The water irrigation system of Fufeng county is relatively perfect,in the whole county, 87% of the cultivated land can be irrigated. The main water ir- rigation projects that people in the county make use of are the Baoji Gorge Weihe water-leading Project and the Fengjiashan Reservoir Project,as for the water irrigation net of the project area. see Fig 3-2. On the way of the planned highway, it' pass three main irrigational canals,they are the south arterial canal of Weihui Canal,the north arterial canal of Weihui Canalthe ar- terial Canal of Baoji Gorge respectively. (1) The south,north arterial Welhui Canals :Welhui Canal was a large size water project built in 1936. lt lies in the west of the cential Shaanxi plain. leading the water of the Weihe River to irrigate partial farmland in the eight counties in the level land of the north bank of the Weihe River. In 1958 it was reconstructed9the irrigational area after the reconstruction was 1,505. 100m. The master arterial canal is divided into the south arterial canal and the north arterial canal from Xiaoan,Fufeng- The planned JiangFa highway will over- cross the south arterial canal and the north arterial canal of the Weihui Canal at K1+400 and K2+040 respectively. (2) The arterial canal of Baoji Gorge: The arterial canal of Baoji Gorge is a large sized,diverting-water-to-the-terrace key project, invested and -26-- built by the country. It was completed and operateded in 1971. The arterial canal of Baoj'i Gorge starts fromT Wangjia River reservoir in the west and reaches Jinghe River in the east, with the irrigation area of 1 *700, 000 MU. The design flow is 5O:mVsecond, and the checked flow is 6OM3/second. The planned JiangFa highway will overcross the arterial canal of Baoji Gorge at K12 +I100 . and it will also cross over the first branch canal and the second bra nch canal of Baoji Gorge at K4+800'and K7+700 respectively. In addition s along the route there spreads many big and small water irri- gation channels ,such as lateral canals,diversion canals and approach channels, they have formed a criss-cross network of irrigation channels. Therefore, the planned highway will cross over many irrigation channels. The scope of irrigation canals along the route is shown in table 3-7 The scope -of lruigafionl canals 3-7 Pile No categoris mectional shape top widthC(m) K1+400 Wbyul souuth lter cmeand +apegoed 15 K2+040 Wehul north master cand +rpgM16 K4+800 Baop Gorse brnch I +zapegoid 2 K7+700 Baoji Gorge branch 1I +Rapegord 4 K12+100 Baoji Gorg branch I +raPCgold.U 20 U-canal +rapegold . 1-LS.B..6--0.7 BranhTcume +dapego d fU 0m6c0.4-0.5 channal K480 ad 7,U 0.3r-0.4,0.3 -27- *y~~~~~~~* 0,/~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~0 ) C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~b ~~~~~~f'~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i3 3. 4. 3. 2 Traffic and Transportation The main transportation lines inside the territory of Fufeng in the project area are Longhai Railway,the national road NO. 310 NO. 312,Jiangzhang- Fufeng- Famensi highway and the XiBao class-one highway under construc- tion. For the route conditions inside the territory of the. county, see Fig. 3- 3. Among these routes,only the Jiang-Fu-Fa highway is of south-north direction. This is not suitable to the south-north direction layout of Fufeng County formed through history. Because Fufeng and its neighboring counties in the north often make use of Jiangzhang Railway Station to collect and disp.- erse long-distance goods? as the pavement quality of the present Jiang-Fu- Fa highway is poor. The road sections that lead upward the bench have steep slopes and sharp turns,traffic jams often occur-therefore we have an urgent need to build JiangFa highway. The population of this area are dense. The crisscross local non -grade roads connect the traffic intercourse between the villages and towns. The planned Jiangfa highway will go deep into the central Famensi Town of Fufeng County in the south -north direction. Along the route,it will intersect with the east-west direction roads once in one kmi, and-most of the local roads are muddy roads by single-lane. 3. 4. 3. 3 The Drinking Water Project In this area, the ground water resources are rich, generally the water for drinking and living is obtained from the underground water. The district of the towns is either supplied with water by the Tap Water Company or provides wells for themselves ; in the countryside,most villages put into effect of the policy of digging wells and building water towers to provide water uniformly according to the unit of village. Only in a few villages, the villagers provide themselves wells for drinking water. After investigation, all the people within the evaluated scope along the route drink and use the unter ground water. 3. 4.4 Culture,Education This area carries out 9-year universal education, every administrative village has primary school. township and county town have middle schools, all of the school-age children can go to school to receive education, most. of the -29- teachers are professional. Every year people hold professional training carrying out the policy of passing test and reaching a standard. Therefore,the teaching quality can be guaranteed. 3. 5 Life Quality In Fufeng,altogether.,there are 32 medical and health institutions, which are above township, 772 medical technical staff, 44% professional medical * staff are distributed in the villages and towns, 56% are distributed in the coun- ty tcwn. The three grade medical preventing and protecting system is relatively perfect and the average lifespan is 64 years in the whole county. The average income of the peasants in this area is 600-1200 yuan per person, as most of them live in single-storey houses-of bricks and tiles . The average income of the inhabitants of city and town is about 1000 yuan per per- son. The average housing area is 7. 5 m2 per capita. -30- 4 Prediction and Assessment of Environmental Impact 4. 1 Relics Scenery and Tourism 4. 1. 1 Cultural Relics and Historical Relics Aftcr the Introduction In the Section of 3. 4. 2, the cultural and historical relics having direct relation wlth the planned highway are remains and ancient tomb in Xiahc Village and remains and ancient tomb in Fajia village. These two historical and cultural relics scatter on both banks of the Weishut River (Xiahe Village In the north bank,Fajia Village in the south bank), When the road passes through the remains,it wiMl change the original outlook of the his- torical relics with some certain ill-Impacts on. The Weishui River is an ancient river. In general,the ancient ancestors lived by the riverside and multiplied. After thousands of years there might be rich historical and cultural remains on both banks. It is unavoidable for the road -passing place to meet with cultural relics, and constant detouir is not a good way to solve these problems. Seeing that the grade of these cultural relics are not very high, the construction unit can coordinate with the provincial cultural relics protection departments, according to the (Shaanxi Provincial Regulations on Relics Protection and Adminstration. First ,they can conduct the work of relics survey,investigation.excavation and protection, then, they cani do the work of road construction. As the construction starts in 1996 ,tne provincial cultural relic units should complete athe expecting ,unearthing of the two remains as Xiahe Village and Fajia Village. It is suggested that some sign boards be put up at the excavation sites and the names of the historical ruins be written on the sign boards,so that when tourists pass , they can recieve his- toric and cultural education on the highway. In the past, when our high grade highway projects that have already been built met with the historical and cultural relics ,our practice was to ask cultural relics adminsitrative department to do the work of surveyinvestigation and ex- cavation, so that the culltural relics could be protected properly. At the same time, this will promote the development of cultural relics arcl.teology and tourist industry in the highway area , affirmed by the provincial relics adminis- tration. Therefore, the road departments can deal with the reiLzionship be- tween the project construction and relics protection. So that the unfavourable -31-: la- -- X .4 --s ' BaoJit lig. 4-1 Main Tourism Spots along the Pl nned Highway? 4i -1 Main Tourism Spots along the Planned HighNvay- -32- impact of the project on the relics and historical ruins can be reduced to the mi- niimum. 4. 1 2 Landscape (1) Route Scenery;The planned JiangFa highway has an average height of 1. 2m. It has no high fill and deep cut at all. The highway will pass through the bench of the yellow soil gently. If we look at it sideways, the highway will be merged with the ancient location conditions of the yellow soil bench, it will be hard to be found. If we look down at the highway, it will be smooth and di- rect, we ¶ be motivated to go near to it. (2) Scenery Along the Route: In the destination of the highway, Famen Temple, the Famen Temple pagoda stands on the yellow Soil plain which stretches as far as the eye can see, it is magnificent and dignified. The newly-built Big Statue of Buddha of Sakyamuni stands facing the south, the Statue and the pagoda add radiance and beauty to each other. The temple the Pagoda,the Statue of Buddha and the architecture modelled after an antique merge together, this makes the monks and priests,honored guests,experts and scholars and ordinary tourist at home and abroad, who come to look at the finger relics of Buddha and visit the excavated relics of the under groundpalace. feel that all these are much more magrificent and mysterious. The planned JiangFa highway will go into Famen Town in the south-north direction. We propose that a long and direct route be designed before it reaches the destination. This section becomes one direct line with the Famen Temple Pagoda and the Big Statue of Buddha, it will pro- duce object-leading result in vision, meanwhile it can also reach the artistic conception that the Buddha and the Pagoda become one. When the highway crosses over the Weihe River, it is one km away from the WeiFeng Pagoda in the same side,not far away, is the largest water-car- rying project of Asia -the inverted Siphon Project of the Baoji Gorge. In the west side of the bridge, the Weifeng Pagoda stands on the south bench edge of Weihe River uprightly and unafraidly, the Inverted Siphon of Baoji Gorge crosses over the river. If one looks round, he vill find, that the Pagoda, yellow soil,flowing water and the huge Inverted Siphon Project form a magnif- icent picture. The planned JiangFa Highway will explore this moving picture -33- and present it before the passing pedestrians and tourists. 4. 1.3 Tourism According to the tourist development planning of the Famensi Temple area,in addition to the finger relics of Buddha and the treasure museum of the Famensi Temple underground palace being the major tourist items, the famous Zhouyuan Museum will be moved to Famensi Temple to display the rich cultu- ral heritage within the territory collectively. By 2000 year, this area will have been built into the center that will have the tourism as the dragon head to spur on the economic development of the surrounding areas. When the JiangFa highway is built, the Famensi Temple will become one precious tourist place with rich tourist connotation and complete basic facilities within the territory of Shaanxi. At the same time, the smooth, direct, fast, comfortable and safe JiangFa highway wi}l also become one tourist resource of the Famen Temple, this will be very favourable to the development of tourist industry. 4. 1.4 Summary When the JiangFa Highway is built,the highway will be smooth,direct, safe and fast, the cultural relics and the landscape will be dealt with properly, the area along the route will become one great tourist treasured house, this will promote the development of tourist industry of the Famen Temple and Shaanx- 1. 4.2 Sound Environment 4. 2. 1 Construction Period The noise of the construction period mainly comes from the construction machinery and transportation vehicle, the noise of the vehicle in driving ex- ceeds 80dB when it is 7. 5m away from the road, as for the radiation noise grade of the construction machinery, refer to table 4-1, please. The noise standards of construction site GB 12523-90 stipulate that noise limit in daytime is 70-75dB, the noise limit at night is 55dB. In the table 4- 1, the noise level shows that all of the noise level of the night construction machinery, 150 away from the highway, exceed the limits, this will result in -34- great impact on the rest of the villagers. The Noise Levels of man construction machinery Unut dB(A) table 4-1I Distance from construction Site (in) Names of machines 5 10 20 40 60 80 100 150 Loade 90 84 78 72 68.5 S 66 64 61.5 Grader 90 84 78 72 68.5 66 64 61.5 Vibrating roller 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56. 5 Bulldozer 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56. 5 Excavator 84 78 72 66 62.5 60 58 54. 5 Spreader 85 79 73 67 63. 5 61 59 55. 5 Mixer 87 81 75 69 65.5 63 61 57.5 4. 2. 2 Service Period 4. 2. 2.1 Predicted Pattern (1) Daytime(6C:00-22:00) 140 = LAi + lOIg 0 + I0O(g Y)(1+.) + AS-13 (4.1) In the formula:Lf The hourly equivalent sound level(dB) of the flow of the vehicles of tme 1 type on the predicted spot LA-M-when the vehicles of the i type drive at the speed of Vi,the average radiation sound level (dB) that was surveyed in the reference spot; Ni -The flow volume of the vehicles of the i type (veh. /h. ) T Observation and evaluation time, taken T = 1 hour Vi -The driving speed of the vehicles of the i type (km/h. ) r0 -The distance from the reference spot to the driving line, (ro=7. 5m) r -the distance from the prediction calculation spot (p) to the driving line (m); a -The absorbing factor of ground and its covering (when the noise is on the way of spreading, the -35- ground obsorption results in additional attenua- tion; AS - When noise is on the way' of spreading the decrement resulted from obstructions ( cut, embankment,mount.building, etc); i -Vehicle type, in general, the vehicles are classified into three types:smallg, medium and heavy. (2) At Night (22:006:O00) The flow volume at night is relatively small, but the occurrence of inver- sion makes the sound level spread farther than in day time- After field ex- ploring test and verification, the calculation adopted the following prediction formula:. L,i =LAi + 1OLg TV-+lL C1() + lOig (r)i -As- 13 = _4;±1L+ 10g TV + (15 + 1Od)Lg A-s-13 (4.2) In the formula, the physical meanigs fo the signs are the same as in the formula of 4. 1 4. 2. 2. 2 The determination of the parameter in the prediction pattern. The predicted parameter of the traffic noise of the planned JLang Fa Highway can be seen in table4-2. The DetermlnatIon of the paramcter In the prediction pattern of Traffic Noise table 4-2 vehicle The calculation formula of The additiona at- The attenuation vchicle type speedv the radiant noist level dB teauationi factor (km/h) (A) dBctor dDCA) 0(A) Heavy vehide 50 L^=17. 49+36.541gv 0. 5 0 medium vehicle 60 L,=A4. 60+42. 1llgv 0. 5 0 smnall vehicle 70 LA=12. 60+33. 651gv 0.5 0 4. 2. 2. 3 The Anaiysis of the Results of Prediction The traffic noise levels along the JiangFa Highway caculated according to the traffic amount of the difference years in the service period can be seen in table4-3 ,and the environment noise levels caculated and counted of the envi- -36- ronment sensitive spots along the highway can be seen in table4- 4. The calcu- lation result shows that in the traffic noise of the planned JFH ,only tthe envn- ronment noise of Dongwei Village exceeds the standard. The first row of resi- dential houses is lOm away from the route. Because the living place is lower, people plan to remove. Therefore, the traffic noise of the highway in the ser- vice period will have no obvious impact on the living enviroment of the villagers. The Predicted Value of the Tranffk Noise of JFH (Le) Unit: dB table 4-3 The Distance from the Receiving Spot to the Route Time period 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 160 200 JiangzhanfL-Anban Village 2005 Day 71. 6 64.7 61.4 59.2 57.6 56.3 55.2 53.5 52. 1 Night 60.1 50.9 46.5 43.6 41.4 39.7 38.2 35.9 34.1 2010 Day 72.5 65. 6 62.3 60.1 58.5 57.2 56.1 54.4 53 0 Night 61.0 51.7 47.3 44.4 42.3 40.5 39.1 36.8 34.9 Day 73. 9 67. 0 63.7 61.5 59.9 58. 6 57.7 55.8 54. 4 Night 62.4 53.2 48.8 45.9 43.7 42.0 40.5 38.6 36.4 Anban Village -Famensi 2005 Day 70. 0 63.1 59.7 57.5 56.0 54.5 53.5 51.8 50. 5 Night 58 4 49.1 44.8 41. 9 39.7 38. 0 36.5 34.2 32. 5 2010 Day 71. 3 64.4 61.1 59. 0 57.3 56. 0 54.9 53.2 51.9 Night 59. 8 50. 6 46.2 43.3 41.1 39. 4 38.0 35.6 33.9 2020 Day 73.4 66.5 63.2 61.1 59.4 58.1 57. 0 55.3 54.0 Night 61.9 52.7 48.3 45.4 43.2 41.5 40.0 37.7 36.0 -37- The environment noise level of the EItviroament ueasitive spots along the route of JFH (2020 year) table 4-4 Ordind Thcmtac No. The iwbe level of envi- The amunt that exceeds the SUu1e bethe raW. Nimbrr at te foute nmnent Leq(dR) standard (dB) bounday I KD+360 Zhujtavabe 150 56.C 45.0 0 0 2 K22+200 Nuow VWaE 1S0 56.SC 4S 0 0 0 3 K4+500 OuJA viae 30 0 65.5 50.3 0 4 K7+000 Fanjlavte 20 67.0 53.2 0 0 5 K8+300 Dongwdvel gc 10 7e.5 57.8 0,5 2.8 6 KI10+800 Anban vle 50 637 43.1 0 0 7 I13+100 N.ngai gflhe 50 62.1 47.3 a 0 8 L15+000 NaljiaVie 30 64.7 50.5 0 0 9 K1+500 Z bnn&jAVi4c 20 66.5 52S7 a 0 Remautks:The eavirament nnde kvds Ltd in the tebk an the enWronmnt noise Icteh of the fit row builp that are tlee to the anie of the valne= by the tautte 4. 2. 3 Summary In the construction period of the route, the gathering places of inhabitants that are near to the construction site will be interfered by the construction noise, therefore, necessary measures must be taken. From the service period of the highway to 2020 year. the acoustic environment quality along the route will not be influenced obviously. 4.3 Atomosphere Environment 4. 3. 1 Construction Period The atomosphere environment pollution during the constructrion period is mainly dust pollution and it belongs to short time pollution. The dust pollution caused by the construction of JFH mainly comes from: (1) The powder dust produced in the mixing of lime and soil (2) The flying dust caused by trans- portation vehicles and road building machines of the construction site. The constrution organization of our provincial high grade highways will carry out the mixing technology in the mixing station unifiedly. According to the analogical monitoring data, 150 m away from the lime and soil mixing sta- tion of the material storage yard, the density of TSP can satisfy the grade two standard regulated by the GB3095 - 82. It is sugguested that when the -38- construction of the project is designed, the lime and soil mixing, station of the material storage yard be built more than 5OOm away from the leeward direction of the residential area or vilage). After field survey the flying dust caused by the highway transportation is within 30 meters from the road side. If spraying measure can be taken in construction section, flying dust of transportation will be reduced obviously, it can satisfy the grade two standard index of GB3095-82 30 m away from the route side. During the construction period, bitument smogs have certain impact on the surrounding environment, it has been suguested the bitumun mixing sta- tion be built more than 500 m away from the'leeward direction of the residen- tial area .(or village) 4.3.2 Service Period 4.3.2.1 Prediction,Pattem sc) The calculation of instantaneous density of~~~ ~ ~ 2h eieta rao flg) In the formula: C(x,y)-The density of certain pollutant of the spot in the leeward side (x,y) of the highway (mg/rn3); qc -The source strength of highway wire sourc (mg/mrn qAdl -The exhausting density of thLe dl spot of the micro el- ement of the wire source length,, e, g ,the source strength of the source of equivalent spot (mg/see); U,h -The wind speed of the effective exhausting height spot of the automobile on the highway (ni/sec); the,, s -They are the standard differences of the atmosphere spreading of the revised level direction and vertical direction respectively Cm); L -The wire source length Cm) H -The effective exhausting height of the wire source; Cis -The background density of the pollutant (mg/rnt) When integration of the formula (4. 3) was made the included angle fel- -39- -, ¾J >-l - ; tor of wind direction and the highway was taken into account, after integration according to the vertical and parallel conditions, the density value of arbitrary spot was obtained in interpolation. (2) The calculation of daily average density J1- h'i mi C = S E Ct.( *Y,Q)P,, + CD J_l k-I _ ±±LJ P jim= 1 . (4.4) J-I k-I r-I In the formula:C The daily average density (mg/mr3) Ca - Background density (mg/m3) with the formula of 4-5 under the meteorlogical conditions of wind speed being 1, wind direction being K and the atomio- sphere stable degree being m; PA.-The determination of parameter in the patttern 4. 3. 2. 2. The determination of parameter in the pattern (1)The exhausthing strength of tail gas pollutant of vehicals According to the predieted traffi volume of JFH and the exhausting parameter of tail gas pollutant of vehicals obtained by field survey of our institute after caulation!.the exhausting density of polutant in each of predicted year can be seen in table4- S The Pollutant Exhausting strengthe of JFH (Unit) ±mgzm. s table 4-5 Year Traffic Condition CO Nox 2005 Daily average 2.00 0.11 rush hour 9. 61 0.52 Dail average 3. 39 0.19 2020 rush hour 16.29 0.89 (2)The Spreading Parameter ii, = C(4 + a 2)t5 ( + 4)Q5 (4. 5) ln the formula: a;-The crosswise spreading parameter of environment rapid current; X-The Vertical direction spreading parameter of environment rapid currrent -40- CrY,-The spreading parameter initial a;-The initical vertical spreading parameter. C3)the wind speed in the pattern of the line source I.. max (U .(U U (4.6) ll, : 1. 8SU*"'4COS2O (4 6) in which Uh environment wind speed (m/s); U - the wind speed of the travelling vehicle(m/s); 0-angle formed by wind direction and the highway(e); (4)The Section Prediction The prediction calculation section of the density of atomosphere pollutant of JFH can be seen in table4-6. The Prediction Calculation Section of Atomosphere Pollutant's Pensity of JF! table 4-6 The Width of Name of the Stake Route FililHght Place Number Structure tm) boundarytm) Huojia Village K24-200 Embankment 4 24 Dong'Wei VXil;age K8+300 Level subgrade 0 12 C5)the Daily average density by metcorological observation (frequency 6. 3%e) time 02 08 14 20 wind direction C W SE E Wind Speed 0 1. 8 1.6 0. 8 air stabiity E D C D 4. 3. 2. 3 The Predicted Results and Analysis The net increasement value of the pollutant density along the highway can be seen in Fig 4-2 to Fig 4-5. From this.we know from the time that the highway goes into service to 2020. the net increasement value of the density of pollutants in the atomo- sphere is lower than the grade two standard regulated in GB3095-82. -41- CO Concentration (202DYr.) JF 1;2+200 e * * '- "*\ ~ ; i ' - - , ' E unstable E ' neutral E * -stable . o:oo - :- _ - 0.030 e---- - . ; O 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2C0 10 30 50 70 90 11O 130 15O 170 1!0 Distances from edge of the roadw.vay.m (CO Predicted Concentration) i,NOx Concentration (2O2OYr.)| 1 .1Fl,2+200| 10040' 'i 1 0 i- 0 unstable I j- neutr.-1 I ! ~~~E 0.020 4- . - tR --I---.r.-_sbl 0.010 '- 0.400 0 20 40 60 80 10O 120 140 160 Igo 200 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 Distances from edge o' the road-wy,rn (NOx Predicted Concentration) Fig. 4-2 Prediction of Instant Concentration of Sectional Pollutant at Hou- iiazhuan -42- Daily Average Concertration of COt JF.'K2+200 : u2005 Yr. 202ii Yr. Li - xI__ - _ , : II..- .. . - .: - -* ..-D. i es-n ;-@i ._ ~ ~ - ;, -0 .-; ,,'7- - "a< -,4 ~ - :..' _ gw f e j i . -b5. .-fl-' s.: 450 50 50 150 -100 0 100. 200 Distance from. two sides of Ngttway, in (CO Predicted Concentratiox.) Daily Average Cbncertraton of NOx 0.009 - ... %- I _T . -. &g7 ,._. Fd; -d- d-,-_._=-1I''lelAfl* e-ra tr L-t!L -.Fi~in~i .n.u.- - n.de.r' ! *c *i - r ir' g!t |i o aoo~~ 0 .0 0 ...:=,-_-......... .,,,, m *150 -50 50 ISO 100 100 200 Distance from hwo sides of highway m (NOx Predicted Concentration) Fig. 4 -3 Prediction of Instant Concentration of Scdtional Pollutants at Houjia Village - 13,- CO Concentration (202OYr.) JF K8-300 I \ - * i -unstable 1 000 - 1. -- neutral 0 :- " . ,,,,- - .--' . -stable 1 Q 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 ,O _0 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 Distances from edge of the roadway,m (CO Predicted Concentration) -INOx -Concentration (2029E r.) ! X~F K83w0. 0.100.. . ,: . 0.090 0 2 0 60 8 1 0 1 16 1 Unstable c I , . .,^ ~~fig. 8'- The Environmental Protection Office of the Traffic Department is in charge of the environment protection in traffic coordinately as a whole. Man- agerial institutions of environment protection attached to the Construction Bu- reau are installed in the provincial traffic depactment,the main duties of these institutions are as follows: 1. Carry out principles ,policies and laws issued by the Traffic Dept and the country, stipulate the specific details and ways of environment protection for its own unit. 2. Work out plans of environment protection for its own unit organiza- tionally and get them done under supervision, take charge of statistics of envi- ronment protection. - 3. Be responsible for the environment management of capital construction projects of its own unit. 4. Supervise and manage the pollution disposals of the units in its charge, organiationally draw up and execute plans of pollution emergencies which should be dealt with properly after careful investigations. 5. Organize within the unit to do environment monitoring, scientific research and gather information, spread advanced technology for environment protection. 6. Urge the attached units to install and maintain instruments for envi- ronment protection. The Programming Bureau of the Provincial Traffic Department is in charge of highway programme and the environment protection in period of design. The Managerial Bureau of the Provinial Senior Highway is the execu- tor of the measures and programmes of environment protection of the project. Specialized managerial institntions of envirornent protection within the section -70 - :- - I - - w m W( . che Mioisity *I mUartOkItSio a P I n d [o i .' l L _ _ Tihe-nrttonrnentt'trw i lileprwa6alo7tirontnenlatl I nme -nmi rmutine t3" 1 lhePt"aiml"unurkeitie*e^ Admirtr3etrjt3on i l the l'an% at Wout |roseng odminfs,i Wrn 5 rpe d t t f t itentment i- itennnental Protecting Dwiingiten ttl th, tshe Pruviiaelhl iIAINY the Regional or Mui ipe| The esoaine SUPI? Ga 1 °omcttJtttodl Prolea CiniatCommsunkstornt Admilnhstr.den enigh Adm.jtustJon EfltitOnricfl rO,eriic Cene.ee {~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~he Ad Adtsnlrtilm Pro c l l I i _ _ s | [ the Dizrlet o, Ca unyt in l t£ 3' _ _ ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I I - II -O Elocutio NId thshelirn~ftst iel| the Supwodnnt Age i Ii tatF . of . . ' ' .e. s I -__I_-I__ I .gwn ,A' mI hit, ' -:i.n v t~~~~~~he Enecuslior *nd She Admlnlitrasl@n Agencies |ittS5spersfeion Agencies . - I | Fig.8-I Oigfrtttiitnsirsne ol site l?nvirnnimens,sl Psciteeting Agentire .. FIBS-I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~~~~ * of the highway at the present stage, an environment protection bureau is to set up in the Managerial Bureau of the senior Highway, a spitcialist-is attached to take charge of environment management.; After the completion of the highway, another specialist, attached to the environment protection office of the 'Managerial Bureanu of the Jiang-Fa Highway under the Managerial Bu- reau of the Senior Highway,manages the environment protection of the Tong -Huang Highway in service,the Environment Protection Office of the Man- agerial Bureau of the Senior Highway only takes charge of the environmental protection managements of the senior highways in the province. 5 Staff members of environment protection are posted at sections along the route by the 'Senior" , responsible for running polluted water disposal equip- ments, exhausted gas monitoring and supervising the transportation of dan- gerous things etc. To reinforce the management of the transportation of dangerous things, the highway management departments, traffic police management- depart- mnents, fire emergency departments, highway transportation management de- partments and environment protection departments will be intergrated. The highway management departments will be equiped with 3 fire-extinguishing vehicles in reserve and with se'veral specialists to register and check the trans- porting vehicles with dangerous loads, if possible, to make dynamic supervi- sion. The traffic polic management depatments are responsible for the check of the technical states of vehicles and safety instructions fo'r drivers. The police fire emergency departments are in charge of their staffs instruction and trining of fire-extinguishing knowledge. The highway transportation management departments are in charge of the qualification examination of the units to trans- port - and in charge of passchecks. The environment protection departments are in charge of general surveillance and putting forward guidelines for the envi- ronment protection of other projects in the area. 8.1. 2 Environment supervision and Environment management scheme The schemes of the environment supervision and environment man- agement for the project can respectively seen in table 8-1 and table-8-2. - 71 - The scheme of the envkronment supervision table 8-1 Project stage institution Supervised contents Supervision goals 1. the check and assess- g the E:nvironment Pro- ment of the progranme suoftenvfrometecon tection Office of the 2. the check and assess- P Traffic Dept. the Prov- ment of environment appropite sbjet asnme facial Bureau of Envi- impact reports 2. guarantee of the major, pa- ronment Protection, the 3. the check of EAP(ae- t ential problems probatbly World Bank, tion programme) of the caused by the project already feasibilily' the World Bank, the project reflected. study stagz National Environment 4I. the check of prelinin- 3 ue Protection Bureau, the ary design of envi- a Provincial Environnment ronment protection and protection meaSUres with Protctlon Bureau EAP concrete practical plans to be the World Bank, the S. Check whether the ri c o National Environment investment into envi- stristlycarry out EAP 3. guarantee the environment Protection Bureau ronment protection is settled or not protection investments. 1. Check whether mat- - eral sites and ime mix- 1. gurantee the surroundings of ing stations are suitable the material sites and line mix- or not. ing stations meet the demands 2. Check cnstruction of environment protection. the Provinica Envi- powder and dust podlu- 2. reduce impacts of construc- design and ronnent Protection Bu- tion and the poUution of tion on the surroundings,carry construction reau, the ragianal and noise- out the relevant evironment stage municipal Environment 3. Check the drainage of protection laws and criteria. Protection Bureads the used water and rub- 3. guarantee the surface water bish disposals at not to be polluted. construction sites. 4. guarantee no serious damage 4. Check the disposal of to views and lnd resources. the deserted borrow ar- 5. guarantee flood drainage ab- eas and their ility of river courses. restorations. -72- Project stage institution Supervised contents Supervision goals 1. Check the execution of EAP In service peri- od. the Provincial Envi- 2. Check the execution 1. get EAP settled of monitoring schemes. 2. get the monitorLng schemes 3. Check whether its settled reau - necessary to take fur- 3. Protect environment actually ther measures In cavi- ronment protection or not 1. Check the envi- ronenret quality of sens- - the Provincial Envi- itie qual f keep the masses thealthy ac- ronment Protection 2. Check water pollution tuy Burcau, the municipal disposals or living ser- 2- gunrance the drnage f Service and county's Enio 'cara pofluted water to agre with period ronment Protection Bu- Chek the a eria. reau; the Provincial 3. guarantee the fields along the Traffic Bureau tion measures for the route not to be poliuted. sur face rains reinforce supervision to the Provincial Envi- stop emergencies, get ronment Protectionx Bu- rid of accWient scourges, wipe out accident scourges to reau . the Police Fire - draw up rescue plans for kecp awful anvironment polau- extinguishing Dept. emergencies, check the tion from happening road's -capacities for first aid. -73- Environment Management Scheme of the Project tal'Ae 8-2 the potential disad- measures to slow executing In- institution in supervision insti- vantage dawn stitutlon charge tution I. reasonable choice the Environment IPrior to the proj- of route, less occupa- d r t O o t e cd tion or fertile land the signenio t-eProgicemintT.B. f. Ocupaton o bmdand forestsam h eir Prgzmig TB and forests 2. draw up reasonable cla~ss Office of the the Provincial 2. House demoalition and fair settlement highway Provincial EnvironmentE- and people's set- plans ,make up Manfr*Managemenat Trffic B Protection BurtaF;e 8he tiement consare loses Bur eau, th- u, the ltoin reau 3. Paage into 3. design carefully, v0rnmegovernments the Provincial 1 rQonale t occvhernmentsmcn tique object am avoid points of impor- Antique Objec ta1.e by all means Bureau. 1. Borrow areas with deposit pools, road II Construction peri- foundations newly £1- od tied with soil and 1. Increase of water compacted. loiss and soil erosions 2. Construction be-. by the project gins after coordina- 2. Discovery of Cultu- tion with the antique ral Relics object depaptmeats to 3. Construction used arandge the object. water and that for 3. Collect construe- living tiom pouted water, 4. Caonstruction drbin it after simply the Seior powder and dust, deposited, the living Contractor(s) clm noise polluted water to be Highway 5. Disturbance to irri- drained after disposa- Management traffic man- gation installments Ls in fifth pools. - designer(s) Bureau for agenment depts 6. Impacts on envi- 4. Spray water regU- contractor(s) project super- rondent and driving larly. vision conelitions of the 5. with channels com- present roads. pleted before irriga- 7. Im - pacts of filled tion seasons. road foundations and 6. get roads well bridge building by eu- passed in time, spray ty off stopes on river and maintaiu regn courses. Iarly. 8. Probable Epidemics 7. Smooth river among workers and course in time. the local people 8. regular physical exarminations for workers - 74 - *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i . the potential disad- measures to slow executing In- institution in supervision nsti- vantage dawn stitutbon charge tution 1. Plant trees to con- trol technical targets of vehicks to travel on the way and re-- R Service period duce air pollution 1. Imrpaets of atmo- 2. With Insulating sphere and noise by fences densified at the Environment vehicles villages and schools the Provincial Protection Bu- 2. accidents on 3. Careful afforesta- Senior reau of the highway by ch Odren tion, restoration of Highway Drovincial Traf- 3. View protection vegetation, view - Management fic Bureau. 4. road surface pollu- dots design Bureau the nSenior tion 4. No direct drainage Bureau the Environmrent 5. Polluted water in of road surface rain Contractor Protection Bu- living quarters into fields. highway reau 6. adventure of S. Use of polluted mnangment the Police Fire pollutng environmnent water disposal faciliti- offic Provention by accidents by vehi- es Dept. eks carring dangerous 6. A series of plans things. for emergencies, dynamic supervision and control over vehilks caning dan- gerous objects. 8.2 Environment Monitoring Schemes 8. 2. 1 Monitoring Institution The Jang-Fa Highway to be constructed is a highway for tourism,envi- ronment monitoring and iinpact control are quite important. In view of the fact that itfs a small-sized highway with a short distance, the environment moni- toring is entrusted to be done by the Monitoring Station of Envirorment Pro- tection of Fufeng County. Annual pay for the monitoring can be drawn from the project. The station has the certificate, with monitoring instruments and equip- ments comparatively completed,its statfs are trained for environment protec- tion there are standardized management systems and reporting procedures- so the monitoring schemes of the progect can be well performed. To guarantee the performance of the monitormg schemes,the provinical SeniorHighway Management Bureau should sign contracts to entrust the moni- toring with the unit to peform the monitoring. In the contracts, besides -75 - -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ *-S~ responsibitities and obligations on both sides, contents such as monitoring site, monitoring item.time and frequeney,time of data to be reported etc should also be included. The monitoring units should also be responsible for monitoring qualities for reporting abnormities of traffic environment in time and above all for finding the casues and ways to deal with them. In order to make sure in time of the air and noise pollutions at all sections in service and to monitor the pollution degree by the accidental leakage of dan- gerous materials, the Senior Highway Management Bureau of the Province is supposed to buy a mobile monitoring vehicle with all kinds of monitoring mstruments and equipped with 3-4 specialists to take up the task,200,000 of purchase fare is kept in reserve, 30, 000 for annual operation and man- agement. The environment monitoring data on the highway can be used as the basic jinformation on the cities and counties along the route,and witten down into the environment monitoring annals. 8.2. 2 Monitoring Schemes According to the environmental characteristics of the route to be constructed,all sensitive parts need monitoring importantly. the monitoring iterns in construction period are TSP,noise,water loss and soil erosion as well as vibration ,the items to be monitored in service period are NO CO ,TSP and noise. The environment monitoring scheme is divided into two parts: one in construction period the other in service period ,which can respectively seen in table 8-3 and table 8-4. - 76 - Environment Menitering Scheme In Construction PerIo4 table 8-3 mrni- cmvi- monmi- tnanloting time an toting cet rom ittpnorkng site toring bar supervision unit tonment ellcorctnotrn e monl, frequency t o Ing unit P tbosnd) 4 timcs a year. xonc tlinc miing station for 3 days eac In the the the provincal Senior pv b tin TSP morning and Is the 3. li cngbwtc c way Man- sphere portatlon Way adternoon during iagenent Brucau construction site Lnstruttlon the costructIon site wkb inhabitants In range of 150in. or of for 20 minutes twice monL- the Po S. Ca He Mo B sensItive wnit, nois dfor a day of t . urc torini theloca Bren cat noie Csehats) Sensitive u- colurtn unt ptoduion Buftau nks by transportatIon ways mechani- vibtation trace the main PUe - driving site obscenv vibrating some Mau- vibra- with bOudinp in the 1.B I " ' tb. P. S.C.H.bl.B ion range of som stability taring dmring tO or construction the buldings -u bofrrew arcas the once f 2 moni- the P. S. C. H. M. B. erosion Weihe bridge and its sion * ra seaso n 2. 0 toring County's Water and two sides unit Sct keeping Bureau -77- Environment Monltoring Schemes In Service Perid table 8-4 annual cnvi- ron manitoSig time and wn!e- oxect- ronment monltoring ste torin freqm q totr bg blstr- tlo leinent lIoen ftqmc e tutc io 10000 twke a yenr.one hI July, eno in Apri July, coo In April ~~~reported to the the Chuga vilage each Ume for 5 dap rd Evit- atno- the Hougla village NOx. on end. the suplin . ?onmei t Protetlon sphere the Anban viage CO.TSP time dalLy Is 7t 00, I.En Bureau by the the Famen Temple 1 ts ao, del 0yad Provincial Traffic 19-t 00, delayed ac- Bm wrdng by abnrmal Bu weather(rain ,anow) reported to the locad eavkqnment proec- the Chug!. vlage cnvi- twie a yernr eac -nton bureau by the the SnugS. vilage rnnm- time for 3 days.one roeg-onal and tnuniS 001St the Auten vilgc teL at night one at day- 5 toring pal enronmcnt pr- the Fanensi Temple wkc time twice each day unit tection and the provncl Trafic Bu- rcau Traffic nose and the chec the veh tr- exhaustC check of thehigh tF the reported to the cal supedv n gasc Vehicle at random on pery- Freeway enviroment proteo- controula nban village noise S.e Man- Lion bureau by the control and ex- sfa and doanve agement provincidanle autBu- O%Cr h~~~~~~~antd e- vehicles vith dan- 0fe Mean vehicles hate Officegood with dangerous objects 8. 2. 3 Monitoring Instruments and Expense- - (1) Instrument fare; the normal monitoring items, such as-noise, atmop- sphere ect are entrusted to be done by local monitoring stations without in- strument purchase fare. Traffic depts are hneeded for the supervison and control over the vehicles travelling on the highway, with instrument purchase fare of 200,000 . ' -78 - - (2) Monitoring fae in construction period:lt s 7M,OON (seen in table 8 -3) .paid to the monitoring unit or the contractor once and for all. (3) monitoring fare in service period :the annual monitoring fare in service period is 50,000* (seen in table 8-4) ,counted at a discounting rate of 12% for 23 years,the net present value is 386,000D. 8. 2. 4 Monitoring Report System The monitoring units carry out the monitoring schemes and the moni- toring report system by the monitoring contracts. the report system is shown is fig 8-2. Nationri Environmental J | FnvEnmmennal Protecion lkpatent Protection Bureau o r an Minbitry I I Pr,ctndal Envinonnwntal Enninonnrntal Protection Departnemnt of Protection Bureau Prmvindal Communikation Bureau !hwviuroLental PrOt.c_om. Department of city, county ZProvindl Senior Highway Admistrmatiao1 Fig. 8-2 Sketch Map of The Monitoring Report Programe - 79 - 8. 3 Staff Training An environment protection training station is set up at Xian Highway U- niversity, taking charge of environment protection knowledge training of the project supervision in construction period and the skill training of the staffs of the highway environment protection,carrying out the project supervision, it is also required to train the environment protection knowledge of the staffs need- ed for the project supervision so as to reinforce their environmental awareness and the ability to deal with problems before the start of the project, then to train the environment protection managerial staffs to be ready for their jobs in service period. The training to renew knowledge will be given later on once five years. - 80- 9 Public Participation At the feasibility study stage of the Jiang-Pa Highway to be construct- ed .the Shaanxi Provincial Highway Exploration and Design Institute gathered opinions and views of the local and municipal governments and units concerned along the route made cautious comparisons and optimizations of the route al-- ingment on which the recommended scheme (scheme 1[ ) was based. In November,1994. the Provincial Traffic Bureau- presided over the examination meeting of the feasibility study of the highway project from Jiangzhang to Far- mengsi Temple. The meeting, participated by the provincial programming committee and the local people concerned along the route,saw the project feasi- bility study report of the class-two specially used automobile-only highway from Jiangzhang to the Farneng Temple made by Xian Highway University passed and decided the recommended scheme to be the construction scheme of the project. In November .1994 ,leaders concerned from Shaanxi Traffic Bureau, from Shaanxi highway Design Institute together with experts went in person along the route to make a scrunity of it and to look into the demolition and reset- tlement. reported to the local governments the project progress and alignment of the route and made sure of the principles to deal with them. In January, 1995. The Shaanxi Provincial Environment Protection Bureau made a technical examination over the progect environment assessment programme. To know the sensitive problems on the environment along the route and make the units concerned and the public along the route quite aware of the project impacts, in october, 1993, the assessment group respectively organized symposia over the environment impacts of the progect in areas along the route. made in vestigations about the local governments and the units concerned along the route, And sampled crowds of people affected. 9. 1 Sampling the Masses along the Route The assessment group distributed question aires to the masses along the Jiang -Fa-Tong Highway . demanding them their opinions about the present highway traffic conditions, the impacts of the highway on environment and e- conomy as well as demolition and emmigration. they also investigate their opi- nions and proposals about the highway construction 46 out of 50 were re- turned. The statistical results of the returned qustionaires can be seen in table 9 81- -4.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ It shows from the results that 86% of the inhabitants along the route agree to the construction and hope it to be built and to be used quickly, tbi- nking that the highway will be benefitial to the economy of their villages. Be- cause the location of the highway has not yet been decided, investigations into the households along the route resulted in 96.% agreeing: to demolish the house. by the need of the project. mostly hoping to settle down nearby. 9. 2 Opinions from Religious Bodies The assessment group required the Famensi Temple their opinions of the the highway construction in November, 1994. the bishop and the general priest -in-chief of the temple received in person the investigators, thinking that to construct such a highway is to do the good for the masses by the government. they can t but support. (seen in appendix I) -82 - Statistics of the Manes Plaons about the Jing-Fa Hlghy- table 9-1 the percentage (%) between the in- content to be investigated vestignted persons of all kinds very well 2 understaning of the highway to be constructed not at all 10 very satisfied 4 satisfaction of the local traffic conditions generlly satisfied 64 not satiffed 32 great 30 disadvantage of the project to the envi- some-what 60 ron-ment of inhabitation and living don't know 10 hoping to settle down at village of one s own 62 attitude to demolition and emmigration hoping to settle down at other villages 6 advantageous 80 economic development of one's vllage,u- nit by the construdion of the highway d 0 don't know 12 yes 90 agreement to the alignment of the select- ed line of the highway don't know 2 to be constructed quickly 90 attitude to the construction of the Tong to be constucted slowly 4 -Hong highway not to be constructed 2 explanations: the statistical number of the question aires1 46 males, 32 Female: 14 all of Han na- t ionality. education percentage of the investiated: University 16%; high school: 31%; under highschool: 59% career percntage of the investigated:Cadre: 15%; worker 4 %; farmer 75 %; student 6 % 9. 3 Environmental Consultation Activity With the help of the Traffic Bureau of the Fufeng County ,the assessment -83 - group held a symposium over the environmental impacts of the project at Fufeng, November 29,1994,experts and scholars attended from the local envi- ronment protection depts ,water conservany depts. town building depts and go- vernments discussed the schemes and the environment impacts by the highway. The meeting records are as follows: The Symposium Records over the Enviroment Impacts by the JiangFa Class-two Auto-only Highway. Xian Highway University and the Traffic Bureau of Fufeng county held the symposium at the auditorium on the third floor of the Fufeng Hotel in the morning of Nov. 29.1994, the invited participants are:leaders from the gover- ment office of the Fufeng county,the office of the people s standing committee of the county, the traffic bureau,town building bureau,the agricultural bu-- reau.the water conservancy bureau the enviroment protection station ,the traf- fic police team .the tourism bureau as well as specialists, 11 persons in all. At the symposium, comarades from Xian Highway University introduced briefly the designings of the route with a special purpose,demanded the participants their opinions or proposals about the alignment of the route and environmernt impacts, the participants had their say accoroling ly. Now the main points are below: I: It is thought by every body present that the construction of the route will do good to the tourism development of the Famengsi Temple ,the economic &_ social development of the Fufeng county and the traffic development itself. The Fufeng county is a large agreultural county taking a leading role in the western tourim of Shaanxi. The county has a population of 430, 000, and arable land of 700.000mu. Annually.approximately 300,000,000 Jin of agri- cultural by - products have to be sold outside. There is actually one main highway from south to north in the county severely limiting the economic deve- lopment. In addition,although ,the sacret place, the Fameng Temple receives considerable tourists from both home and aboad every year, It -s not exerted to its full advantage in the angle of economic utility. Therefore the construction of the highway is what the people of the county and the local governments pre- ssed for earnestly. It l's also believed that the length of the second route determined preli- -84 - * t-$ espB-; minarly at present is relatively short with a small engineering amount and a few to be resettled. It's practical because of its straightness. The geography ,water quality,and atmosphere pollution etc are also generally in agreement with the construction requirements of the highway. m1: Several proposals were made by the comarades present about its design and construction. 1. The section passing through the Jiangzhang town of the route in use is just transcrossing the new area to be rebuilt of the Giangzhong town, several tunnels were proposed to be added in the to be rebuilt area to convenience the passage through the area from east to west. 2. The northern section of the class two route is supposed to make. a turn to east at a distance of two kilometres away from the grand Buddha statue then connected with the exit, thus it will be benefitial to the development of the town area of the Famensi town. 3. A passage should be left nearby the county town. 4. Considerations must be given to the conveniences of the peopleis work and life at crossings with villages roads and water channels by the special route especially on crossroads.concavities by tunnels should be avoided for fear of making poolings and polluting silts to block traffic. 5. Attention to protect fields should be given when taking soil for the road foundation of the special route. The name list of the participants: Xla edong represntative of the standing comnulxt of the Fufong county agritcuml expert Wong Kuanenghe town Planning Bureau of the Fufeng county Water Concervancing expert Pang Ming the water conservwancy ilureau of the Fufang County Water Concervancy expert Wu ShengYanthe Tourism Bureau of the Fufeng County Vice dictor of the buTeau Qiong Jun qiankgrrkulture and forest Bucau of the Fufong County vice director of the bureau Deng tiantac the police tcam Vic captain of the team Nin Xingkc the Fufeng county govenment director Zhang Rihui the Environment Protection Station of the Fufeng County, environmental cxpert Liu Chunling th E. P. S. of the Fufong County Staff Han Wenizingtbe Trafic Burcnr of the Fufeng County Trafic engie;r Jic Tao the T. B. of the Fufong County Vke director of the Bureau Zhang Yufeng Xian Highway University environmental expert Cao Shengeun Xian Highway Univemity environmental expert Chao Jiangongaian Highway University envirenmental expert Denig Shunxi Sian Highway Univesity environmental expert Liu Shan Xian Highway University environmental expert -85- '*:2T! . : 9. 4 Opinions from the Local Governments The assessment group visited the governments of the counties,towns and villages along the route in November, 1994, investigated them the opinions about the construction of the Jiang-Fa highway to be constructed. They all are in favour of scheme I of the route,hoping to start the.project early,and fully helping the constructing units with demolition and land arrangement and expressed their wish to participate in the construction as well as their considera- * tion that the convenience and safety of traffic at both sides of the villages should be taken into account all together. 9.5 Summary The masses and all level governments along the route show a high activity the highway to be constructed. they are willingly to do well demolition and resettlement. And they hope that the constructon units can make up for the e- conomic losses of demolition and land occupation according to the policies concerned of the country and can pay attention to thej safe passage of the villages along the route in period of construction. - 86 - .~~~ ~ - : 10 Assessment Conclusion 10. 1 Assessment conclusion * The project analysis of environment impact puts forward the assessment conclusi on as the following: (1) The project area has a good condition in acoustic environment quality, that is, peaceful residential surroundings; A good atomsphere Quality means all the local areas and towns have few pollutant sources; The air pollutant density is lower than the grade 1 of GB 3095- 82,. as local industries are gathering in Jiangzhang Town with low pollution level around. * (2) The main problems during construction contain soil erosion, ash, construction noise and the impact of transportation road ,all of which can be re- duced to a minimum if available environmentalprotection measures are taken. (3) After the construction,the air condition and acoustic quality will be P lower to some degrees,but still meet the standards set for the project. (4) The project infuences water environment slightly. (5) The project has little impact on agricultural produttivities,and none on wild animals and vegetations. (6) 2 cultural relics with low protection degrees stand on the area the highway passes through after careful examination ,clearance and special protec- tion measure execution. (7) The project line locationing and planning receive vigorous support from the local governments,so do the land requisition,removal and reset- tlement. (8) The project improves the outer tourism environment of the Famensi I Temple.accelerates the tourist development in shaanxi Province- (9) By comparison with the two plans,plan II can be better. following the same step with the assessment and the project feasibility studies. (10) By comprison,alternate n is better that alternate I,the same in the assessment conclusion and the feasibility study report. It is suggested a e- conomic and technical comparison be had to ensure the best wiring. To sum up, The Jianzhang -Famen Temple Class -Two Auto-only Highway will play a great role in the local tourist environment promotion and -7 - p. J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. local economic development speeding. Meanwhile 'it also bring about land loss, environment quality decreasing and etc before relevant measures are to be tak- en. All the rn-impact can be reduced or eliminated. So this report shows the JF Class-Two Automobile-Only Highway is feasible. 10. 2 Environment Quality on the Route Sensitive Spots. By forecast calculation.see the environment quality on the route sensitive spots in table 10. 1. which shows that the highway has no remarkable -impact on the environment sensitive spot. Appendix 1 Major Reference Materials 1. A Feasibility study Report on Jiangzhang-Famensi Temple class - two Automobile -only Highway, by Shaanxi Highway Reconnaissnce and Design Institute in January, 1994; EIA Report on Xian-Baoji class-one Highway, by Shaanxi Provincial Environmental Protection and Research Institute in Dec,1991; 3. Fufeng County Annals . Oct,1992; 4. Famensi Temple Tourist Area Development Programme; -asa- *~~~~~ ~~~ X w.X, , -'-intca s ,, . ' .... .T Enoironmenl Quality Forecast Value on JFH'S.nuutlve spots (In 2020) table 10-I DZig- Envi- Pullutant density O s Quat- tance. Over standard Quat- order pile NO Village Name ronment (mg/rn ) or Nie teks (mng/mr* 3 )1 Jfr factor dceree (dB) CO NOx *CO NOx day night day night air - 3.25 0:.07 0 0 1 K0+300 ZhuJiazhuang 150 noise 56.6 . 6 0 watcr ground water air 3.25 ~~~0.07 0 0 2K12+200 Houjiazhuang nowise r6.d 6 50 - 0 0 noise 65.6 0~4. 05 0 water ground water 30 i 252 0.06 .0 0 4 K47+000 Fanjlazbuang 20 noise 67. 0 3.2 6 0 water ground water air 2.72 451(+000 Anbawejiuage 10 noise 67.5 57.8 0 2 water ground . water 1(10-OO Anbanjinage 50 noiscsair 2.42 00 0 0 tC5Q ijva 3 noise 6. 4. 0 * 0 0 water ground water Nangongv- ~ ~ air 2.40 6 K13+800 Agbanj 52.7e00 nois4 66 5 04 0 0 ground ~47.8 0 * 0 Water ground water ai 892.40 0 78K115+000 Nujangongve 30 noise 64.5 .04 iuage ~~water ground 4. -0 0 water air 2.50' 00 91(15+800 ZhNgujiav-lt 20 noise 66.5 .0 0 Wlage water ground 5. water .-\ppefldix 11 Sbuggestionls Irom lReXigious 'aroLIpns * ^ / } 1i '--.- ~~~~I_ ___ . _ __ _ _ _ B1~ X '1't - I_ a,_____, _ _ _ _ I l 1~. _____I__ _____ -~~~~~~T _ _i _ _ :. _ ______________ E"F@i t j v I ______I______ I~~~~~~~~~~~IJ WA _ I' I Te I - * ~~~~.: _ : bTJStffl^ '' --, -fw .xppendix 11 Suggestions from Religious Uroups J' -1 -tS . **fl~~~~9~~ 9 kt~~~it,L&tI?!4rtT~~~fVt' _ * _ __ , 1 xi ,r- '-1k, azlAS,Wd ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C . -.: ss s)w a.~~~~~~~~~2 w PFF~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4. :r 4 - - - AppendiX m Puiblic Opinion Census: ..~~~~ - e 1 § I [ tj I .~~~~I i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i - -_ _ ,_ _ _ _ I If! K l4E F_________ ._ ______ 3tXtet TiCI _________I_ ;E5;RitiSs itt pit~~~H itV#; w- ~ Appendix R. Public Opinion Census ____~_ k 1 I AF _ :gmTm* _ __ XMX ~~s- ORVZ-9 "t I !- I 8- - .11 xv~ aizi -. .. Fh>aZiN - . ________.I. ~~~~ t _____I_____ saR, .. _' _j ___- _. : . - '______I______ I _ . 0__ _ _ _ | >§tt.ffi-di 4 q;{ - 0 - X 0~74~fj.~ \ppendix 1U Public Opinion Census 0 z~ A.^_____: -_'_ _____I. wiJ$; I j @m. 1- 'I? c .V . ,. _ _._.. . ra" _____-_-'-'- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~~I sb". ....I ' _____ J~4~L w: II I I ______*______ .__________ _____I______ - ;FM- M- ._ . MlE l. Appendix IV Sulggestions from loca:l Goveynmenis I ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ , I ~~~tc... . _._ _~y ..fj.if I .ID..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .1~~4 P - tyfn±*f Ii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~~~ <27ea/, 4- Legend © sCapltahof PrefectUres and Provinces * . CoiiUs .Tawnsanjeow~~~ . 1t~ TJ1J~ Large and Med- Ms dbi nj;. RcOlM Pegen '~~ n J w ~C ity W a lls Rivers atatRle S t m f , . S C s o n a l R iv cjR M"Otng:rn SPOts of ; . _ . . _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Anoshr ~~~Marsh~~~~~~~~~~~~ * M~~~~~bO altto jjng Spots of N oIse Sample Sp)ots of SoI Grade SeparaUloii aml - . Tunnels SOf CtoDP' *0211torigSectiono - .Surface Water m * 0 -S4 tra t Oara : ~~~~~~~O Attaced Mi Mateial Stes. nulhgRoute and nvironbetMonig- .Points of J-F dass-two Highway I ;t,r *':Xi: - .t. 5j cIj: U 7 S - 5 'K -s * - *NjjSi; - a a thaw __ ± A - -A--. Na *  I £ - - - - **D -A L t * r . * -a - -- * 4 t. S. $4. - -\ -- = -r. - * a f:1 K. q<>v *P . . * w *r-1 - -z - -r  j.v It / - K. .. . . . S. I . - . * - "a - - .  :-. Vt -. . .* - * - * IS -t-. - . I - -t - at4 - t'- - 2 -- * As-. * -- -. r- . --$4 j;:  - .=.t:r$t;%t+ - - - .5; ± - r - r 1-  -z - r9. f* 3150000 E 35941ZpJ r