Page 1 World Bank Financed Environment Improvement Project In Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Environmental Impact Assessment E1245 v 4 Page 2 Chengdu Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute of China Hydropower Engineering Consultant Group Corporation October , 2005 Page 3 World Bank Financed Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Environmental Impact Assessment Chengdu Hydroelectric Investigation Design & Research Institute of Page 4 China Hydropower Engineering Consultant Group Corporation Page 5 Preface Panzhihua City is an important industry base of steel vanadium, titanium and energy in China. Industrial construction is put in the first place while urban construction lags behind relatively in the past. In order to build Panzhihua City into a modernized metropolis, the urban construction process must be accelerated and the urban environment, improved. The environment improvement project which World Bank loan will be used is just to meet the demand of Panzhihua City development. The whole project consists of riverbank slope protection, upper section of Binjiang Road, interceptor and trunk sewers, scenery project and last section of Bingren Road. The four subsections are named as environmental improvement project along the Jinsha River. The gross investment budget of the project is RMB 1220.65 millions Yuan (nearly $ 147.42 millions), and the budget of RMB 577.94 millions Yuan (nearly $ 69.80 millions) will be from the World Bank loan. The construction of the project will improve the urban environment infstructure of Panzhihua City and improve the landscape along the Jinsha River. It can also provide an essential basis for continued urban development and living environment, and lay a solid foundation for turning Panzhihua into a beautiful city. At the same time, it can improve traffic condition of the city, irmpove the urban zoning, and broaden the developmental space and development potential of the city. This project is in accordance with the national policies. Based on the relevant laws, rules, policies and the specifications on environmental protection by China National Environment Protection Agency (NEPA) and the stipulations in the Guideline of Environmental Assessment by the World Bank, the environment impact assessment of the project should be carried out. For this reason, Chengdu Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute (CHIDI) of China Hydropower Engineering Consultant Group Corporation (CHECC) was commissioned to undertake the EIA of the proposed project by Panzhihua Urban Construction Investment Management Co., Ltd. Based on the analysis of project design files, the EA team carried out an project site survey and collected materials related to the project. According to "Technology Guideline of Environmental Impact Assessment", "Environmental Impact Assessment Specifications of Highway Construction Project" and the World Bank related environment assessment business policies, the project environmental impact pre-assessment report was completed in May, 2005, and submitted to the World Bank delegation for pre-assessment of the project. At the same time, "Environmental Impact Assessment Outline of the Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City" was completed. At the request of Sichuan Environment Protection Bureau (SEPB), Sichuan Environmental Engineering Evaluation Center hosted the technical appraisal meeting of the outline on May 18, 2005 in Chengdu. According to opinions and suggestions of the attending representatives and experts, the final edition of the outline was completed in August 2005.. According to the document issued by SEPB and opinions and requirements of the World Bank, the EA team carried out several rounds of site survey and investigation, and entrusted Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station to monitor the acoustic environment and substrate sludge in the The Jinsha River River supplementally. On the basis of these Page 6 work, "Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City" was prepared in October 2005 to submit to the World Bank for project appraisement, and to SEPB for examination. The compilation of this report have obtained the supports from Panzhihua Urban Construction Investment Management Co., Ltd, related municipal departments of Panzhihua City government, Chengdu Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, and Southwest Jiaotong University, as well as guidance from from the World Bank experts. All these helps and instructions are appreciated. Page 7 CONTENT PREFACE.........................................................................................................................5 CONTENT........................................................................................................................7 1 OVERVIEW.............................................................................................................10 1.1 O RIGIN OF THE A SSESSMENT .................................................................................10 1.2 B ACKGROUND OF THE P ROJECT .............................................................................10 1.3 O BJECTIVES OF THE A SSESSMENT ..........................................................................16 1.4 P RINCIPLE OF THE A SSESSMENT .............................................................................16 1.5 B ASIS OF THE C OMPILATION ..................................................................................17 1.6 A SSESSMENT S TANDARDS .....................................................................................20 1.7 A SSESSMENT G RADES ...........................................................................................22 1.8 A SSESSMENT F ACTORS ..........................................................................................23 1.9 A SSESSMENT S COPE ..............................................................................................23 1.10 A SSESSMENT P HASES AND T IME I NTERVALS ...........................................................24 1.11 O BJECTS OF E NVIRONMENTAL P ROTECTION ...........................................................24 1.12 A SSESSMENT P ROCEDURE .....................................................................................26 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................27 2.1 B ASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT .............................................................27 2.2 C OMPONENT OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................27 2.3 B RIEF INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PART PROJECT ........................................................28 2.4 C ONSTRUCTION PLANNING ....................................................................................32 2.5 L AND OCCUPATION ................................................................................................34 2.6 A NALYSIS OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................................35 3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES............................................................................42 3.1 C OMPARISON OF WITH OR WITHOUT THIS PROJECT ..................................................42 3.2 L OCAL ROUTE COMPARISON ..................................................................................42 4 PRESENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT...............................................................48 4.1 N ATURAL ENVIRONMENT STATUS ...........................................................................48 4.2 E COLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT STATUS ......................................................................49 4.3 S OCIAL ENVIRONMENT STATUS ..............................................................................53 4.4 E NVIRONMENT QUALITY STATUS ............................................................................58 4.5 R ELATIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE W ORLD B ANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ........................63 4.6 E NVIRONMENTAL S ENSITIVE S POTS .......................................................................64 4.7 M AIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ........................................................................67 5 FORECAST AND ASSESSMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT....................69 5.1 E NVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT .....................................................................................69 5.2 W ATER ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ..............................................................................70 5.3 I MPACT ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY .........................................................................72 5.4 A COUSTIC ENVIRONMENT IMPACT .........................................................................76 5.5 E COLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................80 5.6 S OIL EROSION .......................................................................................................81 5.7 S OLID WASTE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ........................................................................86 5.8 S OCIAL ENVIRONMENT ..........................................................................................86 Page 8 5.9 A NALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ....................................................................87 6 RESETTLEMENT ...................................................................................................88 6.1 I NDEX OF THE AFFECTED .......................................................................................88 6.2 O BJECTIVE OF RESETTLEMENT PLAN ......................................................................88 6.3 R ESETTLEMENT PRINCIPLE ....................................................................................89 6.4 R ESETTLEMENT PLANNING GUIDELINE ...................................................................89 6.5 R ESETTLEMENT SCHEME .......................................................................................89 6.6 E NVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY ANALYSIS OF RESETTLEMENT AREA .............................91 6.7 R ESETTLEMENT PLANNING ....................................................................................92 6.8 E NVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS ......................................................................94 7 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MEASURES.......................................................96 7.1 W ATER E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION M EASURE ......................................................96 7.2 A IR E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION M EASURES .........................................................97 7.3 A COUSTIC E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION M EASURES ...............................................99 7.4 E CO - ENVIRONMENT P ROTECTION M EASURES ......................................................101 7.5 W ATER AND S OIL C ONSERVATION M EASURES .......................................................101 7.6 S OLID W ASTE D ISPOSAL M EASURES ....................................................................107 7.7 S OCIAL E NVIRONMENT I MPACT M ITIGATING M EASURE ........................................108 7.8 M ITIGATION M EASURES OF E NVIRONMENTAL I MPACT IN R ESETTLEMENT A REAS ..109 7.9 M ITIGATION FOR E NVIRONMENT R ISK .................................................................109 7.10 E FFECT A NALYSIS OF E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION M EASURES .............................110 8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, MANAGEMENT.......................................114 8.1 E NVIRONMENTAL M ONITORING ...........................................................................114 8.2 E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT AND S UPERVISION ............................................119 8.3 C OST E STIMATION ON E NVIRONMENT P ROTECTION ..............................................126 9 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE.......................129 9.1 EIA DRAFT PHASE ...............................................................................................129 9.2 EIA REPORT PHASE .............................................................................................132 9.3 I NFORMATION DISCLOSURE ..................................................................................141 10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................142 10.1 A NALYSIS OF PROJECT RATIONALITY ....................................................................142 10.2 A SSESSMENT CONCLUSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS .......................................142 10.3 A SSESSMENT CONCLUSION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ................................143 10.4 R ECOMMENDATIONS ...........................................................................................144 Appendix 1 Trust Deed of EIA of the Proposed Project Appendix 2 Environmental Protection Declaration and Registration Table Appendix 3 Reply to the Project Suggestion Report Issued by Sichuan Development and Reform Committee Appendix 4 Letter of Affirming the Execution Standard of the Proposed Project Environment Impact Assessment Appendix 5 "The Letter of Affirming the Correlative Construction Contents of Subprojects of This Proposed Project" Issued by Panzhihua Government Appendix 6 Public Participation Questionnaire (during outline phase) Page 9 Appendix 7 Public Participation Puestionnaire (during report phase) Appendix 8 Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City Environmental Impact Assessment outline (Shortening) Appendix 9 Environment Monitoring Report of Project Area Appendix 10 Information Disclosure of EIA and the resettlment Figures Figure 1 Map of the Project Geographic Position Figure 2 Map of master plan in Panzhihua Figure 3 Overall Plane Layout of the Project Figure 4 Riverbank slope protection Project Schematic Drawing Figure 5 Upper Section of Binjiang Road Schematic Drawing Figure 6 Landscape Project Schematic Drawing Figure 7 Intercepted Interceptor and trunk sewerss Schematic Drawing Figure 8 Last Section of Bingren Road Schematic Drawing Figure9 Map of Surrounding and Monitoring Sites Location Figure 10 Representative Pictures of Sensitive Spots and Environmental Status Figure 11 Map of Land Use Plan in Panzhihua City Figure 12 Layout of Water Supply in Engineering Area Figure 13 Layout of Drainage in Engineering Area Figure 14 Layouts of Environmental Protection Measures Figure 15 Schematic Drawing of Engineering Measures for Water Conservation of Typical Waste Disposal Fields Figure 16 Schematic Drawing of Plant Measures for Water Conservation of Typical Waste Disposal Fields Page 10 Overview Origin of the Assessment The Environment Improvement in Panzhihua City is a sub-project of Sichuan Urban Developmente Project (SUDP), to be supported by a World Bank (WB) loan. It consists of environmental improvement along the Jinsha River and the construction of the Bingren Road last section. World Bank project task team inspected Panzhihua City on November 20th~28th, 2003, May 31th~June 5th, 2004 and October 18th~27th, 2004, respectively, and subsequently determined the contents of the urban environment improvement project. Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission approved the project in October, 2004. The project will improve the environmental infrastructure of Panzhihua City, improve the living and transportation conditions and provide new space for urban development of the city. According to the reqirements of the environmental protection laws, regulations, policies and the specifications on environmental protection of China and requirements of the relevant World Bank operational policies, an environment impact assessment (EIA) for the project should be carried out. CHIDI was commissioned by Panzhihua Urban Construction Investment Management Co., Ltd. to undertake the EIA of the proposed project Background of the Project Panzhihua Urban Planning Urban Development Plan According to the Master Plan of Panzhihua C ity (1997-2020), the objective of Panzhihua City development is to build a modern city with an industry base related to natural resources in western China, a regional center in the boundary area of Sichuan and Yunnan Province and a garden city with mountain, river and the southern subtropical scene. Three zones are planned for City development, which are the urban centre, urban area and city area. The urban area is aobut 65 km 2 , from Geliping to the west, Jinjiang Town to the southeast, the foot of Dahei Mountain to the north, and Renhe Town to the south. The city area includes urban district, Miyi and Yanbian Counties with a total of about 7440.4 km 2 . The urban center Panzhihua City consists of East District, West District and Central District. The Central District consists of Bingcaogang, Duren, Nongnongping and Panmi sub-district. The urban centre locates in Bingcaogang which has political, economical, cultural, technological, commercial and financial function. The area of the urban centre is about 40 km 2 and the population is about 400 to 420 thousand. The west district consists of Geliping, Hemenkou and Taojiadu sub-district. The major functions of the district are energy generation, building material and timber machining. The area is 15 17 km 2 and the population is 180~200 thousand. The east district’s functions are railway transportation pivots, material distributing and titanic industry. The planned area of this district is 9 10 km 2 , with population of 30 to 50 thousand. Page 11 According to the urban planning, the area of the control land will be within 60 km 2 and the population will reach 1133 thousand by 2010. The GDP will reach 289 hundred million, about twice as the data in 2000. The per capita GDP will be 25.8 thousand. The ratio of primary, secondary and tertiary domain in civil economic is 3:57:40. The industrial structure will optimize constantly. The proposed project accords with the overall plan of Panzhihua City. It is beneficial for environment and road network improvement, industrial structure adjustment, space distribution optimization and economic development. It is also helpful for improving ecological environment and river scenery along the Jinsha River. Road Traffic Plan Urban road system consists of express road, primary trunk road, secondary trunk road and sideways. The urban centre will be the core of the road network where roads stretch out along the south and north banks of the Jinsha River and Renhe Stream, forming a network. Roads in the urban area were designed and built according to the actual landform. By 2020 the trunk road in urban centre will reach the length of 465 km and the density of the network will be 7.65 km/km 2 . The ratio of the land used for road and city square will be 12.54%, the area of per capita land will be 11.58 m 2 . The public traffic will be the first choice in urban road system. Network structure will be optimized, and vehicle component will be moderated. By 2020, the total length of the public transportation network would be 219.1 km with the density of the network of 3.65 km/km 2 . According to the ‘urban traffic plan of panzhihua city for 2000~2020’, the road G108, S310, S216 will rebuild to second level road. A series second and third level county road will be constructed to communicate to the outside. Centre road plan emphasizes on the rebuilding of Bingren Line, Binjiang Road, Yanze Road, Yanhong Road, Honglan Road, Bingqing Road, Taoshi Line (from 06 bridge to Geliping) and Panmi Line to adapt the development of the Bingcaogang district, the area along the Jinsha River, Yanbian new town and Ertan landscape spot. The traffic road plan will also serve for the Panzhihua Steal factory, Mining Bureau, and Panzhihua Mine Factory. More investment will be used on rebuilding the Jinwu Road, Zonglong Line and Dujin line which form a chain line to adapt the development of the Jinjiang industrial developing district and bring the future economic developing hotspot into the new traffic network. The project is a component of road traffic plan. The front section of Binjiang Road will connect Jiangnansilu Roads with the constructed Binjiang Road to form a double way in the downtown area. The last section of the Bingren Road is a extension of the front section. This road will connect the future urban centre with the Renhe district. The construction of the last section will strengthen the density of the urban road network and alleciate the pressure which brought by the traffic in urban centre. It will also make positive effect on developing the new urban. It is therefore that the road construction suit for the road traffic plan. The plan of urban water source, water supply and drainage project According to the plan, the water source of Panzhihua city is surface water which comes Page 12 from the Jinsha River and the The Yalong River River except for some unit individually. By 2010, the scale of the supply water in urban centre will reach 226 thousand m 3 /d. Water supply and sewage capacity in urban area of Panzhihua City is listed below. Water supply and sewage capacity in urban area of Panzhihua City Table 1-1 Item Time Per capita living water consume (L/d) Per capita comprehensive water consume (L/d) Popularization ratio for water supply (%) Serving people (10 thousand) Per capita sewage capacity (L/d) 2005 200 250 600 98 51 150 200 2050 300 350 700 100 65 300 Industry waste water should be treated to the required effluent quality before discharge, and the total capacity of the sewage will be controlled. The principle of disposal for urban waste water is to protect the drink water in the near future, then protects the quality of river in the far future. Nine sewage WWTPs will be constructed, such as Geliping, Tanjiadu, Hemenkou-Qingxiangping, Duren, Bingcaogang, Nongnongping, Panmi, Jinjiang and Renhe. The scale of the Bingcaogang sewage WWTP which has already been built is 30 thousand m 3 /d, while Renhe sewage WWTP, which is under construction, is 20 thousand m 3 /d. The interceptor and trunk sewers of this project consists of the first and second grade interceptor and trunk sewers in Qingxiangping sewage WWTP, Wushisi~ Bingcaogang interceptor and trunk sewers and some sub-trunk pipe. To suit for the interceptor and trunk sewers construction, Qingxiangping sewage WWTP is planned to be constructed at the same time (details see Appendix 5). The scale of the sewage WWTPs in Panzhihua City Table2-2 Unit 10 thousand m 3 /d Item G e l i p i n g T a o j i a d u H e m e n k o u Q i n g x i a n g p i n g D u r e n N o n g n o n g p i n g P a n m i J I n j i a n g R e n h e B i n g c a o g a n g T o t a l Scale 1.5 2.0 2.5 1.5 3.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 3.0 12 12. 5 Background and Necessity of the Construction Background and Necessity of the environmental improvement project along Jinsha River (1) Background of the construction Page 13 1) The sustainable development situation of the city The urban sustainable development level of Panzhihua is not high; the SD of Panzhihua is only 0.42 in the estimation by Beijing University. The river bank protection of the project is benificial for improving the sustainable level of the city. In terms of system coordination, ecological environment treatment intensity will be increased, the ratio between pollution treatment fund and GDP will be raised, and the ratio of pollutant discharge with the growth rates of GDP will be reduced. The correlation of economy and social development will be added by improving the contribution rate of science and technology progress and the employment rate. In terms of system development level, the quality of ecological system will be improved through upgrading the atmospheric and water body quality indicators. 2) The requirement of urban economic and social development Although the history of Panzhihua City is short, it is well known both home and abroad. In 2002 the GDP per capita was 13,200 yuan, which ranks No. 2 in Sichuan Province. However the city ’s public infrastructure is not suitable for its present situation, the city is not beautiful enough, and human habitat environment is far from perfect. All those affected the stability of employee team and the development of economy to a certain degree. This project can beautify the city, improve the urban scene and transportation, and help to enhance public’s determination to “love Panzhihua and build Panzhihua”. It is instrumental to stabilize the employee team and play a proactive role in the talent introduction and investment promotion, indirectly facilitate the economic and social development of this city. 3) The demand for the construction of a ‘city with mountainous and waterside garden’ After the former P remier Zhu Rongji advocated for “to build Panzhihua into a city with mountainous and waterside garden”, in order to implement this instruction, “Master Plan for Panzhihua, the City with Mountainous sand Waterside Garden” was drafted. This project is the implementation of this master plan, and is one of the important steps in the realization of the master plan. The completion of the project shall accelerate the pace for constructing Panzhihua into a city with mountainous and riverside garden, has important meaning to the urbanization and modernization of Panzhihua city. (2) Necessity of the construction 1) Need for ecological environment improvement and pollution control Along the bank of Jinsha River, more than 40 million t ons metallurgical dreg, gangue, coal slag and building rubbish have been piled up, which the west slag field of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group, the slag field of Panzhihua Coal Group and the spoil ground of Panzhihua Cold-rolled Factory are the large-scale ones. The West Slag Field of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group is more than 100m high and more than 1km in length, the area occupation of which is more than 40ha. The water quality of Jinsha River along Panzhihua city is not good as expected because of the drainaging waste and losting of water and soil. M oderat ing the protection facility, the project is propitious to the spoil dreg’s stabilization and pollution and water & soil lost Page 14 control. 2) Need for city beautification and living environment improvement The present status of the river bank is in a mess. The land type on Jinsha River bank is mainly the shrubs and weeds, protectection sill of the building waste, naked rock beach and patched farmland. The standard of the city view and environmental quality is higher and higher according to the demand of resident. The desirability to improve the living environment is being more and more intensity. Such a mess bank does not suitable for the modernized cityscape obviously. Renovating the Jinsha riverside is a demand for turning Panzhihua into a modernized city as a garden with beautiful mountains and rivers. High qualitative urban extent is a mainly guideline in modernization. Such mess river bank is not suitable for the above demands. From this point of view, it should improve the environment of the river bank. Sichuan Province, Yunan Province and Tibet Autonomous Region have decided to construc t the ‘The Great Shangri-La international ecological tour district’. Panzhihua City situated at the siteseeing line, and was famous for its ancient sago cycas forest which is the biggest, most peculiar and largest in number. The age of the forest is 2.7 hundred million years (same age as dinosaur). The construction of the project can improve the environmental quality and make the city to match the brand of international tour district. Background and Necessity of the last section of Bingren Road (1) Background for the last section of Bingren Line 1) Liquidize the land assets, speed up the pace for modernization The construction of last section of Bingren Line can not only bring along the land development for the area of 6.5 km 2 at Ganbatang, etc, but also facilitate the transformation of rural population to urban population while building the new district, and upgrade the urbanization level. In the indicator system for the city to basically realize modernization, the completed investment in the construction of various infrastructures in 2002 accounted for only 9% of the GDP of that year. There is a considerable gap between the requirement of no less than 15% of GDP invested in infrastructure. The construction of this project and the new district development shall greatly minimize this gap, and speed up the pace for urban modernization. 2) Create conditions for development of tertiary industry and improvement of economic structure Panzhihua is a city of heavy industry . In 2002 the ratio of three industries are 6.2:68.5:25.3. This was seriously against the basic requirement of modern economic structure in which tertiary industry’s percentage shall be larger than that of secondary industry. The growth of GDP must be “at the price of resource squandering and damage to environment which result in the situation of ‘growth without development’” (conclusion of the joint study in 1998 conducted by Beijing University and Municipal Planning Commission of the city). Panzhihua city is of the land form of mountainous river valley. 25% of the land for Page 15 development for the new district is located at slope up to 25 degree. However the terrain from Renhe Township to Zongfa is relatively plain, where water, electricity and road access are available. The development cost for this district is relatively lower, which shall facilitate the development of real estate, heighten the development of tertiary industry and investment promotion. (2) Necessity of the construction 1) Need for road network densification and Renhe District development Renhe District has changed into an important part of urban centre from suburb. However, there is only Duren Road which connecting Bingcaogang and Renhe by way of Dadukou. It is expected that the traffic volume of the road would be up to the 20,000 cars/day in 2005 and 28,000 cars/day in 2010. Considering rapidly development of Renhe District, it is necessary to develop Bingren Road last section and form the traffic circle connecting the two important district of Bingcaogang and Duren. It will not only increase the density of the urban road network of Panzhihua, but strengthen the connection of districts as well. 2) Need for the safety of Bingcaogang District and Airport Road Bingcaogang District to be constructed soon lies by Bingren Road. The road to the airport which has just been put into operation connects with the middle section of Bingren Road. At present, there is only the first section of Bingren Road which connects Bingcaogang district and airport with Bingcaogang & district. If the last section of Bingren Road can’t be opened, Bingcaogang district and airport will be disconnected with other districts of Panzhihua when landslip, earthquake or serious traffic accident happen. It is imperative to open Bingren Road and increase more traffic entrances and exits. Being an important part of the urban centre, more and more enterprises and public institutions will move into Bingcaogang district, while a large number of their staff's relatives and children work and study in Bingcaogang & district. As the commercial center of the whole city is mainly in Bingcaogang district, the internal and external connection is extremely frequent. It can be expected that Bingcaogang district will be crowded closely with private cars and result in serious traffic jams at the joint section of Bingren Road and Jiangnan’erlu Road. If Bingren Road opens smoothly, an entrance will increase and some traffic will be shunt, thus the traffic jams on the section can be decreased and the traffic safety will be ensured greatly. 3) Need for urban development and construction The land resource is very tense in the urban area of Panzhihua. Through the construction of the last section of Bingren Road, 6.5 km 2 can be explored for urban construction. It is especially valuable for Panzhihua, the hilly city, where more than 92% area is upland. The industrial structure of Panzhihua is unreasonable. The secondary industry is too big while the tertiary industry is too small, being the last one among the 10 national largest steel cities and 20 Provincial cities of Sichuan. To improve the industrial structure and develop new space for the tertiary industry, the construction of the last section of Bingren Road is the most effective way. Page 16 The population distribution of Panzhihua is not balance. By the end of 2003, the total urban population is 520,000 and the density is 12,400 persons per capita square kilometer. The population density of the urban center is much higher than the average. Through the construction of the last section of Bingren Road and development new urban area, some people can move out from centre district and much population can transfer from contaminated area to the new urban area. 4) Need for collecting fund and paying off loans Most of the lands along the Bingren Road are wasteland. In the construction of Bingcaogang district, the price of the wasteland increases from RMB 450,000 Yuan per capita ha. (RMB 45 Yuan per capita m 2 ) to RMB 2 million Yuan per capita ha. (RMB 200 Yuan per capita m 2 ). The value of the wasteland would rise to RMB 1.55 million Yuan per capita ha..6.5 km 2 lands can be developed when the last section of Bingren Road is completed, thus it can take back the fund of RMB 1 billion Yuan. With the construction of the road, the price of the land on both sides will raise up. Bingren Road is about 11.28 km long except the tunnel, the utilized land on both sides of the road is assumed to be 30 m wide and the appreciated value of the land is RMB 900 Yuan; RMB 600 million Yuan can take back. The incomes mentioned above can repay all the loans of the project (including the project of Jinsha riverside environment improvement). Objectives of the Assessment The environment improvement project in Panzhihua City plays important roles in urban construction. The objectives of the project are to improve the transportation network, to reduce the pollution, to beautify the urban environment and to improve the living condition. According to the characteristics of the project and the environment of the project region, the objectives of the assessment are: (1) By investigating, surveying and analyzing the quality and the problem of the natural environment and the social economical environment along the line, identify the current environmental condition in the region of the project. (2) Based on the fully investigation of the environmental condition, analyze and predict the scope of the natural environment, eco-environment and social environment impacts which will be brought by the proposed project. Fully evaluate the trend of the impact. (3) Measures and recommendations for reducing environmental negative impact will be prepared to make sure the project will be going on wheels. The goal of the measures is to unify the environment, social and economical benefit. (4) Certificate the feasibility of the proposed project to afford the technical support to the design of the project, environmental management and protection. (5) The comments and recommendations on the construction of the project provided by the public should be properly integrated into the EIA report. Principle of the Assessment (1) Compatibility Principle Page 17 Persist in the rule of corresponding the environmental protection with social and economical developing. Insure the sustainable development of the society and environment, improve the living condition of the whole community. (2) Obedient Principle The construction of the project must submit to the overall plan Panzhihua city. It serve for consummating the urban function. (3) Entirely Principle Follow the principle of environment protection in project design, comparison, construction and operation. Insure the priority of the environmental protection. (4) Priority Principle Based on the specialty of the project and the environment along the line, analyse and assess the key problem. (5) Feasible Principle Environment protection engineering measures for the negative environmental impacts must be suitable for the social, economical and natural condition. They should be practical and adaptive. Basis of the Compilation Laws, Regulations and Documents of Environmental Protection (1) Law of Environmental Protection of the People ’s Republic of China 1989.12.26 (2) Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Environment Impact Assessment 2003.9 (3) Law of Water of the People’s Republic of China 2002.8.29 (4) Law of Water and Soil Conservation of the People’s Republic of China 1991.6.29 (5) Law of Land Management of the People’s Republic of China 1998.8.29 (6) Law of Highways of the People’s Republic of China 1997.7.3 (7) Law of Prevent and Control Flood of the People’s Republic of China 1997.8.29 (8) Law of Water Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China 1996.5.15 (9) Law of Air Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China 2000.4.29 (10) Law of Environmental Noise Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China 1996.10.29 (11) Law of Environmental Prevention and Control of Pollution by Solid Waste of the People’s Republic of China 2005.4.1 (12) Law of Cultural Relic Protection of the People’s Republic of China 1991.6.29 Page 18 (13) Law of Ci ty Planning of the People’s Republic of China 1989.12.26 (14) Management Methods for Construction Project Environment Protection, State Council Decree (1998.11.29 No.253. (15) Management Methods for Rriverway of the People’s Republic of China, State Council Decree [1998] (1988.6.10 No. 3. (16) Compendium of the Environment Protection ,State Council(2000.11.26 (17) Some Opinions on Environmental Protection [1996]No.31 (18) Some Opinions on Strengthening Ecological Protection in Western Development (19) Management Methods for Environmental Protection of Ministry of Communications No .17. (20) Specifications for Management of Environment Protection on trial SEPA Huanfa File [1999]No. 99 (21) Circular on Some Problems related to the Environment Protection in Executing Constructional Project, SEPA Huanfa [1999] No.107 (22) Responses to the Problems related to the Environmental Noise Standard in Highway Constructional EIA File [1999] No.46 (23) Circular on Strengthening Management of EIA in World Financial Loan Project 1993.6 (24) Circular on Controlling Dust Pollution Effectively in Urban 2001 (25) Management Methods of Protection Source of Drink Water in Sichuan State Council Decree 2004 Technical Specifications (1) Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment HJ/T 2.1 2.3-93 (2) Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment ü acoustic environment HJ/T 2.4-1995 (3)Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment –Non-Pollution Ecological Impacts, SEPA HJ/T 19-1997 (4) Temporary Specifications on EIA for Highway Construction Projects JTJ 005-96 (5) Standard of the Environmental Inspection 1986 (6) Code of Water and Soil Conservational Methods for Developing and Constructing Project SL 204-98 (7) The World Bank Operational Manual, OP/BP4.01 Operational Policies Environmental Assessment Page 19 (8) The World Bank Operational Manual, OP/BP4.04 Operational Policies Natural Habitats (9) The World Bank Operational Manual, OP/BP4.11 Operational Policies Safeguarding Cultural Property in Bank-Financed Projects (10) The World Bank Operational Manual, OP4.12 Operational Policies Involuntary Resettlement. Related Document (1) Trust Deed on EIA of Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City Appendix -1 (2) Registration Form for declaring the Environmental Protection of the Environment Improvement Project of Panzhihua city (3) Criterion for Measuring off and executing the Air-Environmental Quality (4) Circular on Standards which measure the Noise in urban by Panzhihua Government (5) Circular on Standards which measure the Water-Environment and make off the city into several areas by Panzhihua Government (6) Circular on complexion which demarcate the Drink Water Protection region by Panzhihua Government Related Materials (1) Feasibility Report on Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City which submitted to the World Bank (Chengdu Municipal Engineering Design & Investigate Institute 2005.8) (2) Feasibility Report on Resettlement in Environment Improvement Project which submitted to the World Bank (Southwest Jiaotong University , 2005.5) (3) Project proposal on the Environment Improvement Project which submitted to the World Bank (Panzhihua Municipal Plan & design Institute, 2004.8) (4) The outline of Environmental Impact Assessment for Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City (Chengdu Hydroelectric Investigation & Design Institute) (5) The Overall Plan of Panzhihua City (1997-2020(2015)) (Panzhihua Municipal Plan & design Institute, 1997) (6) The Tour Plan of Panzhihua City (2001-2015) (Panzhihua Tour Bureau, 2000) (7) The Environment Protection Plan for the next 15 years in Panzhihua City (Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau) (8) The planning of the urban greenbelt system –research on the sustainable development of the species’ multiplicity (Panzhihua Municipal Plan & design Institute, 1997) (9) The planning of the Urban Greenbelt System –research on the Water and Soil Conservation (Panzhihua Municipal Plan & design Institute, 1997) (10) The measures to compensate the confiscated land in Panzhihua City (2002) (11) Report on land use of Panzhihua City Page 20 (12) Report on functional areas division of Panzhihua city (13) The basis data of the social, economic, hydrological, aerography, geologic and environmental condition Assessment Standards According to the request of the environmental actuality and function in the project region, the quality of the sound-environment for sensitive objects by World Bank and the Approval Letter on Standards Adopted for EIA of Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, the following standards and criteria will be implemented by this EIA. Environmental Quality Standards Water Environment The Class standard for Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards (GB 3838-2002) is applied for surface water quality in the project region. The Class standard of Soil Environment Quality Standards (GB 15618-1995) is applied for substrate sludge. The Detailed standard values are shown in Table 1-1 & 1-2. Environment Quality Standards for Surface Water Table 1-1 Unit: mg/L Item Standard Value Item Standard Value PH 6~9 Coliaerogenes organisms 10000 per L COD 20 mg/L Cd 0.005 mg/L BOD 5 4 mg/L As 0.05 mg/L DO 5 mg/L Cr 0.05 mg/L Non-ionic Ammonia 0.02 mg/L Pb 0.05 mg/L Nitrate 20 mg/L Hg 0.0001 mg/L Nitrite 0.15 mg/L Cyanide 0.2 mg/L Petroleum Category 0.05 mg/L Total Phosphorus 0.1 mg/L Volatile Phenols 0.005 mg/L Ammonia Nitrogen 1.0 mg/L Environment Quality Standards for Substrate Sludge Table 1-2 Unit: mg/kg Item Standard Value Item Standard Value Cu 400 Cd 1.0 Pb 500 Hg 1.5 Zn 500 As 30 Ambient Air Quality Assessment of air quality adopts class limited value in Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996). Details are listed in Table 1-3 Ambient Air Quality Standard Table 1-3 Standard value mg/m 3 Standard SO 2 TSP PM 10 NO 2 Page 21 Class 2 Daily Average 0.15 Hour Average 0.50 Daily Average 0.30 Daily Average 0.15 Daily Average 0.10 Hour Average 0.15 Acoustic Quality According to Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93), in the assessment area, class standard is carried out in both sides 30m f 5m range of the road and class is carried out at school, hospital and sanatorium, and class is carried out in other areas. The environmental noise standard value sees Table 1-4. Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Areas Table1-4 Unit: LAeq(dB ) Equivalent Sound Level Category Day time Night time Suitable area class 55 45 School, hospital and sanatorium Class 70 55 In the range of 30m 420.9 518.8 8.5 8.6 0 : f 5m on both sides of the road class 60 50 Other areas Ecological Environment Standard for the ecological environment is to improve the dwelling environment and to ensure no deterioration of ecosystem integrity and species diversity along the line due to the project construction. The long-term average value of soil erosion quantity of the affected area is adopted as reference. The grading standards for erosion intensity see Table 1-5. Grading Standards for Water Erosion Intensity Table 1-5 Erosion Class Erosion Modulus [t/(km2 ·a)] Very Slight Erosion <500 Slight Erosion 500~2500 Moderate Erosion 2500~5000 Deep Erosion 5000~8000 Very Deep Erosion 8000~15000 Torrential Erosion >15000 Standards for the Discharge of Pollutants Waste water Standard for wastewater discharge adopted Class in Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). Details see Table 1-6. Air Pollutant Standard for discharge of air pollutants during construction period adopted class in Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB16279-1996). The standard values see Table 1-6. Noise Standard for noise during construction period adopted the correlative items in Noise Limits Page 22 for Construction Site (GB12523-90). Details see Table 1-6. Standars for Pollutant Discharge Table 1-6 No. Item Standard Standard value 1 Water waste GB 8978 1996class1 BOD 5 20mg/L COD C r 100mg/L SS 70mg/L pH 6 9 petroleum 10mg/L 2 Air pollutant GB 16297 96class 2 TSP 1.0mg/m 3 (Discharges the monitoring density limiting value without the organization) NO X 0.12mg/m 3 (as above) 3 Noise GB 12523 90 Excavation day 75dB night 55dB Structural construction day 70 dB night 55dB Decorative construction day 62 dB night 55dB Assessment Grades According to the infection which brought from the project, affirmed by Approval Letter on EIA outline for Panzhihua Environment Improvement Project, the project should compile a report of EIA. The determination of the EIA Grades is based on the influencing degree and scope. According to the approved outline of EIA, the assessment grades details of each environmental element are listed as followed. Surface Water Environment The wastewater of the project is far less than 5000m 3 /d. The major pollutant is SS and organic compound in manufacturing wastewater and living wastewater respectively. The complicated degree of the water quality in both wastewaters is simple. The scale of the surface water belongs to the large scale river. Standard of the water environmental quality adopted class . According to the ‘Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment —Surface Water Environment’ (HJ/T 2.3-93), the assessment grade for surface water adopted class in the project. Ambient Air The data of P i of the main air-pollutants during and after construction of the project is far below 2.5×10 8 m 3 /h. The geometry of the construction area belongs to complicated mountainous area. According to the ‘Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment—Ambient Air’ (HJ/T 2.2-93), the assessment grade for ambient air of the project adopted class . Acoustic Environment The construction area locates on Grade 2, Grade 3 and Grade 4 region of the ‘Standard of the Environmental Noise in Urban Region (GB 3096-93) respectively. Noise of the environment improvement project along the Jinsha River exists mainly along the project line during construction. The noise pollution would strengthen obviously after the Bingren Road last section is put into operation. According to the Technical Specifications for Page 23 Environmental Impact Assessment —Acoustic Environment’ (HJ/T 2.2-93), the grade for the acoustical environment impact assessment adopted Class II in the project. Ecological Environment The prospect project is non-pollute environmental impact project. There is little impact on the biocommunity, territorial environment and physical chemistry character of water and soil during and after the project construction. The influenced scope of the project is less than 20 km 2 , the biomass and the diversity of the species decrease would be less then 50%. It will not make the species which is in severe danger annihilation. According to the Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment—Non-pollute Environmental Impact ’, the grade for the ecological environment impact assessment adopted Class III in the project. Assessment Factors Constructional Phase (1) Acoustic Environment: Leq (A) (2) Ambient air: asphalt smoke, dust (3) Surface Water Environment SS (4) Ecological Environment: plant, landscape, soil and water loss (5) Soild Waste: Construction waste (6) Social Environment: land utilization, resettlement, manufacturing and living condition Operation Phase (1) Acoustic Environment: Leq (A) (2) Ambient air NO x (3) Surface Water Environment CODBOD 5 (4) Ecological Environment: landscape, soil and water loss (5) Social Environment: social economy, living quality. Assessment Scope According to the scale and layout of the construction, the Assessment Scope is divided into direct and indirect part s influenced by the construction. Areas influenced by the noise and waste smoke mostly locate alone the Panzhihua City Road. In the outline of the EIA, scope of the assessment of the Environmental Impact in the project is listed according to degree of the impact. Surface Water Environment The scope of the EIA is the urban section of Jinsha River which lies from Geliping to the 1km downstream of the environmental improvement project along the Jinsha River. The total length of the river reach is 54km. Ambient Air The scope of the assessment is in the range of 200m on both sides of the road and 500m around the construction site which includes process of the concrete. Acoustic Environment Page 24 The scope of the assessment is in the range of 200m on both sides of the road, and 200m around the construction site. Ecological Environment Aquatic ecosystem: same as surface water assessment scope. Terrestrial ecosystem: In the range of 200m on both bank of the environmental improvement project along the Jinsha River, and in the range of 300m on both sides of the Bingren Road last section, with gross area of 24.99km 2 . Water and soil conservation: all the construction sites including permanent and temporary site s and the directly influenced area including constructional road, with gross area of 847.61ha. Social Environment The scope of the assessment is the whole city, especially the affected area s along the construction line. Assessment Phases and Time Intervals The information of social economy is based on the data of the year of 2003, and the other information is based on the data of investigation and monitoring in 2004, data from the year of 2000 to 2004 is also used for reference. Construction phase: Jan. 2006~ Aug. 2008, 2.5 years in all Initial term in operation phase: 2008 Medium term in operation phase: 2011 Long term in operation phase: 2015 Objects of Environmental Protection Objects of Preventive Protection (1) Strengthen the Environmental management and monitoring in the project. Grasp the status of the environmental quality and pollution condition in time so as to to adopt the appropriate environment protection measure. (2) Ensure the normal working and living conditions in the construction area. Maintain and improve the living level and living quality of the resettlements. Protect the public health, and prevent infectious disease caused by the construction process by adopting suitable prevention measures. (3) Improve transportation management in construction period, and prevent the traffic jam which brought by the construction. Goal of Pollution Control (1) Goal of the water pollution control: Quality of waste water discharge should meet the Grade 1 level of ‘Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standard’ (GB 8978-1996). Maintain the function of water body along the project. The water quality should meet class of Page 25 ‘Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water’. Details are list in Table1-7. (2) Goal of the air pollution control: Quality of air pollutant should accord with the Class 2 level of ‘Standard of Comprehensive Discharge of Air Pollutant’ (GB 16297-1996). Quality of ambient air should accord with the Class 2 level of ‘standard of Ambient Air’. Decrease the influence of construction dust on residents around. Details see Table1-7. (3) Goal of the noise control: Noise in construction sites should meet ‘Limit of the noise in constructional field’ (GB 16297-1996). Reduce the influence of noise on the operators and residents. According to the demand of the World Bank, acoustic environment quality for sensitive objects such as school, hospital and sanatorium should adopt class 1 level of ‘Standard of urban noise’ (GB 3096-93), the others adopt class 2 level in the assessment scope. The areas in the range of 30m±5m from the road’s red line should adopt class 4 level. Details are list in Table1-7. Goal for Ecology Reconvering and Harnessing Pay fully attention to the prevention of new slopes and the construction waste disposal fields. Conserve the soil and water resource by adopting engineering and plant measures. The prevention rate of the construction waste should reach 95%. The land improvement rate of the disturbed area will reach 95%. The plant recover ratio will be higher than 65%. Mitigate and control the effect of the soil erosion caused by construction process, and improve the landscape and ecological environment along the road. Goal of pollution control of the project Table 1-7 Goal of pollution control Item Major environmental factors Construction phase Operation phase SS 70 mg/L 70 mg/L pH 6 9 6 9 Water environment COD 100 mg/L 100 mg/L TSP mg/m 3 1.0 0.30 SO 2 mg/m 3 ü 0.15 Ambient air NO X mg/m 3 0.12 0.10 Daytime Night time Daytime Night time Piling <85dB(A) Construct abandon Earth and stone construction <75dB(A) <55dB(A) Structure construction <70dB(A) <55dB(A) Acoustic environment Fit up project <65dB(A) <55dB(A) Class 1 <55dB(A) Class 2 <60dB(A) Class 4 <70dB(A) Class 1 <45dB(A) Class 2 <50dB(A) Class 4 <55dB(A) Ecologic al environ ment Terric olous Ratio of planting Avoid & transplant; Decrease the area of excavation and earth fill; D ecrease the width of operation zone Plant recover in possible area Page 26 soil erosion A dopt effective and economic measures to control the soil erosion caused by the project Intensity of soil erosion should be lower than that of the period before the project is constructed Residential area Maintain the normal living conditions of resident Source of drink water Protect the source of drink water by effective measures Transportation Adopt effective measurement to make the traffic smooth Social environ ment Resettlement Maintain the living condition of the migrant Assessment Procedure Assessment Method The assessment method for present situation of surface water environment will be based on single water quality index method. The present situation of ambient air and acoustic environment quality in the construction area will be represented by some typical points. The ambient air assessment adopts single quality index method, while acoustic environment assessment adopts standard limit comparison method. The ecological and social environment adopts statistical analysis method. Mathematical models are apllied in the impact predition on water, air and acoustic environment. Models are chosen in accordance the corresponding Specifications. Assessment Procedure According to the Management Methods for Construction Project Environment Protection and Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment, the EIA includes preparation phase, investigation phase and EIA report complilation phase. (1) Preparation Phase Make a complementary investigation to the project region, and analyze the properties and major environmental impacts primarily. Based on the national and regional laws, rules and technical standards, as wells as stipulations of World Bank business policies, the assessment plan, content and method are determined. Public consultation work is carried out to identify the environmental problem s concerned by the public which will be affected by the project. Then comply the outline for EIA of the project and submit to the World Bank delegations and Sichuan Environment Protection Bureau. (2) Investigation Phase Make the detailed investigation and surveying to the assessment factors which confirmed by the primary investigation. Then assess the environmental status quo in the project region and carry out the engineering analysis and environment impact prediction. Based on the forecast assessment and result of public consultation, provide countermeasures for mitigating environment problems concerned by the public. Make clear the support degree of public and feed back the suggestions to the major design department. (3) EIA Report Complilation Phase Page 27 On the basis of above work, establish environmental protection measures and plan for environment management and monitoring. Estimate budget and assess the technical and economic feasibility of the environment protection measures. Comply the report for Environmental Impact Assessment of Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City. Project Description Basic characteristics of the project Title: World Bank Financed Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Geographical Location: Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province Construction scale: 2 h 30km of riverbank slope protection along Jinsha, 2.20km of upper section of Binjiang Road, four scenery designs, 39.39km of interceptor and trunk sewers and 6.81km of last section of Bingren Road Investment: RMB 1220.65 million Yuan (about $147.42 million) Component of the project Panzhihua city environment improvement project consists of the main part project, the auxiliary project and resettlement project. The main part of the project consists of riverbank slope protection, upper section of Binjiang Road, interceptor and trunk sewers, scenery project and last section of Bingren Road. The auxiliary project consists of construction factories, storehouse system and temporary stack field. Component of Panzhihua city environment improvement project Table 2-1 Major environmental impact Item Content and scale Construction period Operation period riverbank slope protection 0.6km incline retaining wall, 2.95km gravitation retaining wall, 4.36km skeletal slope protection Destroy surface plant and increase soil erosion Increase the virescence, Strengthen the slope protection, be propitious to the safety of road and facility, conserve water and soil, improve the sight view of Panhzhihua, prevent and cure the solid waste Upper section of Binjiang Road 2.20km road and 830m bridge Destroy surface plant and increase water and soil lost dust and asphaltum smoke pollute the air Communicate with Binjiang Road.improve the transportation condition, the noise in operation period M a i n p a r t p r o j e c t Scenery project 4 scenery designs increase water and soil lost Improve the living and resting environment, increase the number of rest place Page 28 Interceptor and trunk sewers 39.39km of interceptor and trunk sewers increase water and soil lost the noise in construction effect the resident Be propitious to improve the urban drainage system, improve the water quality of Jinsha improve the sanitarian And sight condition 6.81km road, width of the road Pipe d300 d500 A DN300 water supply pipe on both sides of the road. Disafforest Destroy surface plant and increase water and soil lost dust and asphaltum smoke pollute the air Be propitious to improve the transportation condition, accelerate the development of Panzhihua Two unilateral double- barreled tunnel,1110m,1771m Increase water and soil lost improve the transportation accelerate the construction of urban traffic Last section of Bingren Road Two new unattached bridge with the length 360m, width 35m Destroy surface plant and increase water and soil lost Communicate with the both sides of the river and improve the transportation condition Construction factories The asphaltum and concrete mix stage, constructing camp The emission of waste has little infection on losing water&soil and urban sight No effect on developing the land Storehouse system Depot for fuel and cement The emission of waste has little infection on losing water&soil and urban sight No effect on developing the land Temporary stack field Concrete, pipe, lift-slab The emission of waste has little infection on losing water&soil and urban sight a u x i l i a r y p r o j e c t construction waste disposal fields Solid waste775.5 thousand m 3 , 9 slag field in planning Infection on losing water and soil Resettlement 441family 1111people in all The impact on the social and environmental factors Be good at protecting the environment after resettling Brief introduction to main part project The main part of the project consists of riverbank slope protection, upper section of Binjiang Road, interceptor and trunk sewers, scenery project and last section of Bingren Road. The riverbank slope protection, upper section of Binjiang Road, interceptor and trunk sewers and scenery project are named as environmental improvement project along Jinsha River. Riverbank slope protection Type and schemes Page 29 In view of the circumstance of the bank along the river, there are three schemes for the slope protection. (1) Incline retaining wall This scheme is applicable to the waste disposal area located in the left bank downstream of the Xinzhuang Bridge from 0+550 to 1+330. This segment lies in the coulee of river where is too narrow to progress the excavation work. Considering the risk of landslide and the investment, the slope protection for this part below the flood line every 20 years should be designed as the masonry retaining wall, and which between the flood line every 20 years and that of every 50 years should be designed as the geogrid. (2) Gravitation retaining wall There are three waste disposal areas respectively located in the right bank between Xinzhuang Bridge and Dukou Bridge from 3+450 to 4+600, the left bank between Dukou Bridge and Midi Bridge from 4+700 to 5+750, and the left bank downstream of the Luoguo Bridge from 0+000 to 0+325.26. The gravitation retaining wall should be the best choice from the view of economy and technology. (3) Skeleton slope protection There are four skeleton slope protection sites respectively located in the right bank between Xinzhuang Bridge and Dukou Bridge from +280.13 to 6+971.76, the right bank of the waste disposal area of Bingcaogang Sewage WWTP from 2+455.58 to 2+854.39, the right bank from Midi Bridge to Luoguo Bridge, and the right bank from Luoguo Bridge to Shuangjiangkou Bridge. The main objective to construct the slope protection is glorifying the bank along the river. The rhombic skeleton should be the most suitable type for the skeleton slope protection in the view of economy and technology. The statistics of the types of slope protection is shown in the following table. Statistics of the types of slope protection Table \03 2-2 Types Incline Retaining Wall Gravitation Retaining Wall Skeleton Slope Protection Length (km) 0.6 2.95 4.36 Quantity The quantity consumed in the construction of slope bank is shown in the following tables. Quantity of the construction of incline retaining wall Table 2-3 No. Items Unit Quantity 1 C 20 Concrete Base m 3 940.86 2 M 10 Masonry m 3 12,569 3 Geotextile m 2 739 4 PVC Pipe m 3,734.63 5 F 3.0 Zincification Net m 2 3,289.5 \03 Quantity of the construction of gravitation retaining wall Table 2-4 No. Items Unit Quantity Page 30 1 C 2 0 Capping Stone m 3 1,800.16 \03 2 M 10 Masonry m 3 161,900 \03 3 C 20 Concrete Base m 3 8,276.06 \03 4 Geotextile m 2 6,534.51 \03 5 PVC Pipe m 62,900 \03 \03 Quantity of the construction of skeleton slope protection Table 2-5 No. Items Unit Quantity 1 Virescence area m 3 47,800 \03 2 M 7.5 Masonry m 3 8,393.81 \03 3 Earth-rock measure m 3 5,595.87 \03 4 Reserved Soil m 3 4,815.05 \03 5 Pedestal m 3 2,476.53 \03 6 Cap stone m 3 1,625.46 \03 \03 Upper Section of Binjiang Road The upper section of Binjiang Road project is a new construction which begins at the west of Panzhuhua hydrological station, along the south bank of Jinsha River and by way of the 501 Power Plant, No. 2 terminal station of bus company, Jinsha Park, and then communicates with Jiangnansilu Road. The total length is 2.20km. The section includes two culverts and two bridges. The length of the bridge is 70m, 760m respectively. The plain arrangement of the upper section of Binjiang Road is shown in Figure 5. Prediction result for the traffic volume of the upper section of Binjiang Road Table 2-6 Time Whole day (pcu/d) Rush hour (pcu/h) 2008 13449 1278 2011 19546 1645 2015 27651 2350 Economic and technical factors for the upper section of Binjiang Road Table 2-7 Item Norms Unit Number Reference 1.basic factor 1 Road grade Grade Urban trunk grade 2 2 Length in all km 2.20 3 Computing speed km/h 40 4 Average fabrication cost Ten thousand /km 2122 2.route Maximal longitudinal gradient % 1.5 3. roadbed and pavement 5 Width of the roadbed m 25 6 Bituminous concrete pavement km 2.20 4.bridge Design load Urban –class A, 3.5kN/m 2 7 Clear width of the bridge deck m 19 Page 31 8 Bridge m/one 830/2 Scenery project There are four spelled pastures which construct on the wide bank slope near the river. They are banks under the Dukou Bridge, banks under the step road, the north bank of the meeting spot and south bank near Jinjiang railway station. The Guideline of the project is ‘to materialize the peculiarity of Panzhihua City, construct the city with mountainous and waterside garden’, beautify the bank and supply a rest water-contact place to the resident. The engineering includes flatting the surface, plant configuration, waterside flatform and supporting facility. The complanate dispose is shown in attached drawing 6. Interceptor and trunk sewers The construction consists of class 1 and class 2 sewer trunk pipe which is in Qingxiangping sewage WWTP, some partial branch pipes and Fifty-five ~Bincaogang interceptor and trunk sewers. The construction will collect the sewage which comes from Qingxiangping Sub-district and Wushisi ~Bincaogang section, then dispose the sewage by Qingxiangping and Bincaogang sewage WWTP. The total length of trunk sewers is 39.39km. Last Section of Bingren Road The last section of Bingren Road engineering is a new construction which lies on the south suburb of Panzhihua. The total length is 6.81km, from the crossing of airport, then Basiqingyakou, Hongchuanzi reservoir, Baishapo, Laoheidi, Ganbatang to the Sishijiugongli which connect the west line of Duren. The predicted result for traffic volume of the road is shown in Table 2-8, economic and technical factors are shown in Table 2-9. Predicted result for the traffic volume of last section of Bingren Road Table 2-8 Whole day (pcu/d) Rush hour (pcu/h) Time Hypo-trunk 2 lane Trunk 4 lane Hypo-trunk 2lane Trunk 4lane 2008 7379 9105 701 865 2011 8976 11245 897 995 2015 10779 14545 1024 1382 Economic and technical factors for last section of Bingren Road Table 2-9 Item Norms Unit Number Reference 1.basic factor 1 Road grade Grade Urban trunk grade 2 2 Length in all km 6.81 3 Computing speed km/h 40 4 Average fabrication cost ten thousand /km 4292.5 2.route 4 Maximal longitudinal gradient % 4.7 Page 32 3. roadbed and pavement 5 Width of the roadbed m 35 6 Supply water pipe km 4.84 7 Sewage pipe km 10.6 8 Bituminous concrete pavement km 6.81 4.bridge and tunnel 9 Design load Urban –Class A 10 Width of the deck m 19 11 Beam of the bridge m/per capita 360/2 12 Tunnel m/per capita 2881/2 Double hole one-way For the sake of reducing circumambulating distance, lifting the road grade and obeying the road alignment, the Dusonshuliangzi Tunnel and Basiqing Tunnel in the begging of the last section of Bingren Road is set in accordance with the terrain condition. The tunnel is right- and –left separate double-hole one way tunnel which includes Line A and Line B. The characteristics is shown in Table 2-10. Characteristic Table for Dusonshuliangzi Tunnel and Basiqing Tunnel Table 2-10 Name of tunnel Route Length (m) Start point End point Distance between A and B Cubic metre of earth and stone (ten thousand m 3 ) A 585 K6+476 K7+061 Dushuliangzi B 525 K6+053 K7+055 60 A 898 K7+290 K8+188 Basiqing B 873 K7+207 K8+080 60 28.6 Construction planning Construction Sites Planning The project lies in the downtown area and suburb of Panzhihua City, the land near the construction project is fully utilized. But it is easy to rent the ajacent residence house. Therefore, the residence houses are rent for construction campus. This can reduce the land use and land surface destroy, and can reduce environmental impact as a result. According to the construction planning, the asphalt and concrete mixing plant is set on the flat ground which is close to the right exit of the Basiqing tunnel. This site is far from the downtown area, and is convinient for transportation. Construction material planning According to the feasibility report of the project, the sand and aggregate rock used in the project will make full use of local materials. The distribution of the primary choice result are listed as follows. (1) Sand materials fields \03 Page 33 The sand materials which used for slope protection mainly come from sand of the flood plain and the first- and second- grade terrace near the river. The main fields include Jinjiang ~Chumuchang, Sanduizi, Outlet of the Yalong River, Lanyuanzi, Midi, Makan, Bingcaogang, outlet of Ren Stream, shenli village, Baoding ore, Huashan ore, outlet of Baguan river and Geliping. The materials used for building are medium and coarse sand which come from mouth of Bala River, Shaba, Lanyuanzi, Renhe and Baguan River. (2) \03 Stone material fields \03 The materials used for slop protection can adopt the mixture of pebble and flaky stone. The extract area for flaky stone distribute at Yutang township of Jinjiang town, Wudaohe stone field, riverside along 501 power plant, backside of Qingxiangping mountain, Xinzhuang, Baoding, Hemenkou ~ Geliping. (3) \03 Filling material field \03 According to the feasibility report of the project, filling material used in the project will adopt coal gangue in Baoding, furnace slag and steel slag in Panzhihua steel factory. Construction waste disposal fields Planning The excavation amount of earth and stone is 1129,500m 3 , amount for backfill is 354,000 m 3 . About 775.500 m 3 will be construction wastes. There are nine construction waste disposal fields in the planning, 1 # 2 # are local building garbage dumping place. They can be used to stack the slags along the construction line and must be paid. 1 # disposal field lies on the low lying land where beside the 516 TV station of Panzhihua City. The capacity is 67,800 thousand m 3 . 2 # disposal field lies on the Bincaogang District with the capacity of 72,200 m 3 . The others distribute along the line of last section of Bingren Road. The planning capacity is 1,210,000 m 3 and the occupied land area is 13.27 ha. For details see Table 2-11. Therefore, the capacities of the construction waste disposal fields fulfill the demand completely. Characteristics for the construction waste disposal fields of last section of Bingren Road Table 2-11 NO. Position Min /max Height of dregs (m) Capacity (10 4 m 3 ) Floor area ha. Type Origin of dregs 3 # K6+489 3/8 6.0 0.78 Arid land wood land Slag from the entrance of A ,B tunnel 4 # K7+061 4/14 20.0 2.4 Arid land wood land Excavation of A, B tunnel 5 # K8+572 4/14 35.0 3.54 Arid land garden -field K7+650~k8+998 6 # K9+300 4/14 30.0 2.86 Arid land paddy field K8+998~k9+980 7 # K10+900 3/14 12.5 1.47 Arid land paddy field K9+980~k10+960 8 # K11+800 3/10 9.0 1.24 Arid land K10+960~k11+980 9 # K13+111 4/12 8.5 0.98 Wood land K11+980~k13+310 Total 121 13.27 Page 34 Master schedule of the construction process The construction period for the environment improvement project along the Jinsha River is 2.5 years, while the last section of Bingren Road is 2 years. Details are as follows: Environment improvement project along the Jinsha River From January 2006 to January 2007, the river bank environment improvement project for the south and north banks of the densely populated section i.e. from Dukou Bridge to Midi Bridge shall be completed (project phase I). From January 2007 to January 2008, the river bank environment improvement project for the south and north banks of the section from Midi Bridge to Jinjiang Railway Station shall be completed (project phase II). From January 2008 to August 2008, the river bank environment improvement project for the south and north banks of the section from Dukou Bridge to Xinzhuang Bridge shall be finished (project phase III). Last section of Bingren Road The construction for tunnel and road shall begin simultaneously. From January 2006 to July 2007, the pipeline under the road shall be completed. From July 2006 to July 2007, the roadbed construction shall be completed. From July 2007 to January 2008, the road structure and paving shall be finished. From January 2006 to July 2007, the structure of tunnel shall be finished. From July 2007 to January 2008, the tunnel decoration and attached project shall be completed. Land occupation Permanent land occupation The land occupied permanently includes pavement, roadbed, tunnel, drain ditch, safety facility, traffic management facility, parking facility, road maintenance and greening facility and garden. The total amount is 37.23 ha. In which 34.47 ha. belong to farmland (paddy field 10.47 ha., dry land 22.82 ha. and 1.18 ha. watering land), 0.07 ha. belong to woodland, and 0.25 ha. belong to garden field, 2.44 ha. belong to other land. Temporary land occupation The temporary land occupation includes sandand rock material field, land used by mixing plant and other construction factory, temporary road and construction waste disposal fields. According to the feasibility report, the temporary land occupation will mainly make use of the permanently occupied land. The amount of temporarily occuped land is 21.27 ha., in which 13.27 ha. are used for construction waste disposal. Page 35 Analysis of the project Accordance analysis of the project with correlative plan Accordance of the project with urban master plan According to the ‘Urban Master Plan for Panzhihua City(1997-2020(2015))’, the goals for the city development are: proper redistribution, multiplicity function, modernized facility, clean and beautiful environment and legal management. Panzhihua City will be developed into a modernized metropols at the end of 2010. After the environment improvement project along the Jinsha River is completed, several ecological green space and water-contact platforms will be bulit. That will effectively beautify the city, improve the living condition and lift urban landscape. The construction has important meaning for the control of soil erosion and the Yangtze River environment protection. The construction for the last section of Bingren Road can increase the density of urban traffic network, develop new urban area, extend urban developing space, promote the adjustment of industrial structure, release the population pressure in urban centre, improve the working and living environment, improve the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development for economic, society and environment. Therefore, the construction is in accordance with the master plan. It is the specific execution for plan and has important meaning for the urbanization and modernization. Accordance of the project with Road Network Plan of \03 Panzhihua city The Urban road system consists of express way, primary trunk road, secondary trunk road and sideways. The urban centre will be the core of the road network where roads stretch out along the south and north banks of the Jinsha River and the Renhe Stream where forms a network. Roads in the urban area were designed and built according to the actual landform. By 2020 the trunk road in urban centre will be 465km and the density of the network will be 7.65km/km 2 . The ratio of the land used for road and city square will be 12.54%, the area of per capita land will be 11.58m 2 . Road plan for urban area emphasize on the rebuilding of Bingren Line, Binjiang Road, Yanze Road, Yanhong Road, Honglan Road, Bingqing Road, Taoshi Line ( from 06 bridge to Geliping) and Panmi Line to adapt the development of the Bingcaogang III district, area along the Jinsha River, Yanbian new town and Ertan landscape spot. The traffic road planning will also serve for the Panzhihua Steal factory, mining bureau, and Panzhihua mine factory. More investment will be used in rebuilding the Jinwu Road, Zonglong Line and Dujin line which form a chain line to adapt the development of the Jinjiang industrial developing district and to bring the future economic developing hotspot into the new traffic network. The project is a component of road traffic plan. The front section of Binjiang Road will connect Jiangnansilu Roads with the constructed Binjiang Road to form a double way in the downtown area. The last section of the Bingren Road is a extension of the front section. This road will connect the future urban centre with the Renhe district. The construction of the last section will strengthen the density of the urban road network and alleciate the pressure which brought by the traffic in urban centre. It will also make positive effect on developing the new urban. It is therefore that the road construction suit for the road traffic plan. Accordance with the Urban Drainage Plan Page 36 The sewage WWTPs will be built in Geliping, Taojiadu, Hemenkou-Qingxiangping, Duren, Bingcaogang, Nongnongping, Panmi, Jinjiang and Renhe according to the drainage plan. The scale of the Bingcaogang sewage WWTP which has already been constructed is 30 thousand m 3 /d while the Renhe sewage WWTP, which is under-construction, is 20 thousand m 3 /d. The interceptor and trunk sewers of this project consists of the first and second level interceptor and trunk sewers in Qingxiangping sewage WWTP, Wushisi~ Bingcaogang interceptor and trunk sewers and some sub-trunk pipe. To suit for the interceptor and trunk sewers construction, Qingxiangping sewage WWTP is planned to be constructed at the same time (details see Appendix 5). It is obviously that the interceptor and trunk sewers construction is in accordance with the Urban Drainage Plan. Rationality analysis of the project Rationality analysis of incline retaining wall The incline retaining wall is a special riverbank slope protection type, designed for the waste slags disposal field along the Jinsha River. In the feasibility report of the project, different methods had been compared for different slags fields. (1) West slag field of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group The West Slag Field of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group which formed from 1970 to 1993 by slags spoiling is more than 100m high and more than 1km long, the land occupation of which is more than 40ha. The quantity is nearly 40,000,000 t. The slags contain the vanadium and titanium which can be extracted and refined. Because of the restriction by economic and technical level, there is no large-scale integrated exploitation for the waste. To reduce the environment impact, the methods which can be chosen are blocking with retaining wall or moving to other place that is far from the river. Details of advantages and disadvantages of different schemes are listed in Table 2-12. Table for scheme comparison of West Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Slags treatment Table 1-12 Scheme Measure Funds Merit Defect 1 Concrete slope protection and block cage spats below the design flood level; 3- dimension net, grill protection slope above the level, spurt planting earth Low Use existing retaining wall for slags, craft is simple, time limit is short, expense is low and easy to maintain and comprehensive utilization May cause soil erosion when faced grand scale flood 2 Build the same height concrete protection slope, plant the cane vine vegetation from the top Medium Effectively avoids the metallurgy slags entering the river, the craft is quite simple Big resilience, large investigation demolish and backfill earth and stone after comprehensive utilization may cause new environmental problem 3 Piles up the slags far High Besides the soil e rosion Based on the local Page 37 away the Jinsha River and urban area in transporting process, may completely avoid metallurgy slags entering river, effectively restores the landscape condition restriction, difficult to find appropriate site, may cause new environmental problem, long time limit and high expense It can be seen from Table 2-12, every scheme has its advantages and disadvantages respectively. The scheme 3 may thoroughly solve the metallurgy slags problem. But because of the restriction of topographical condition, it is difficult to find field location with long time limit and high expense. To transport the slags by 8t truck, it will cost 13 years and RMB 40 million Yuan. The scheme 2 is more effective than scheme 1 but use more funds. Because the slags have formed stable slope, scheme 1 just need to maintain the surface with simple craft, short time limit and little expense. Therefore, scheme 1 is more economic proper than scheme 2. It can be concluded from the above analysis that scheme 1 is better than scheme 2 and 3 in the view of environment protection and resource utilize. The slope protection type is therefore rational. 2) Slag field of Panzhihua Coal Group The slag field of Panzhihua Coal Group is more than 200m long and more than 20m high, the land occupation of which is more than 5,000m 2 and more than 0.3 million tons slags have piled up. There is no protective measure on the field. Incline retaining wall is planned to used for protecting the slope of this slag field. The scheme can effectively avoid slags collapsing and soil erosion. The craft is simple and the expense is low. It is rational from the environmental protection angle. 3) Waste disposal field of Panzhihua Cold-rolled Factory The spoil ground of Panzhihua Cold-rolled Factory is at The Jinsha River bank of Shijiaping, with more than 1 million tons solid waste piled up and no protective measure taken. The waste disposal area lies on the west of Shijiaping, which is the piling field for solid waste from the cold-rolled factory. In the developing period in 2001, the area of the ground is restricted, and it formed mix-waste disposal area. The quantity of the slags is more than 1 million ton in the field with no protect measure. The slags protection slope has simple craft, short time limit and little negative impact. The scheme is rational. Rationality analysis of the material fields (1) Sand materials fields The Jinsha River is a multi-sands river. It is easy to use and transport local materials. The proper quantities of sand pitting will not impact riverbed alteration. The sand quarry may locates on the spots as above and should according to the procedure. The environmental protection and soil erosion prevention measures should be taken. (2) Stone material fields The Panzhihua City has plenty of stone material which is easy to exploit. Most of the Page 38 exploitation spots are naked stone area. The exploitation may impact the surrounding environment. The environmental protection and soil erosion prevention measure should be taken. (3) Backfilling field Coal gangue in Baoding, furnace slag and steel slag in Panzhihua steel factory will be used for backfilling materials. This can reduce soil erosion and avoid negative impact. In the view of environment protection and water and soil conservation, this desin is rational. But to reduce the negative impact, environment protection measures should still be taken during construction. Rationality analysis of construction waste disposal fields There planned nine dregs disposal fields in the project region. Two of them make use of the local constructional dumping fields. It can reduce tempoarily land occupation. The capacity of the these construtional dumping fields can completely satisfy the request of the riverbank environment improvement project. Other dregs disposal fields are planned close to the road. It avoids destroy to plant and soil caused by the construction pavement, and then reduces the impact of the soil erosion. Some dregs disposal fields can be used to arrange construction factories. It has positive effect on environmental protection. The capacity of the planned dregs disposal fields fulfill the request of the construction and is rational in the view of environment protection. Analysis for main impact sources in construction phase Waste water The sewage of the construction operators will direct into the system of urban sewage treatment. The majority part of waste water comes from production. Because of the project's location, the mechanical repair and automobile maintenance will be depended on relative factories in Panzhihua City. The waste water containing oil will be treated by the waste water treatment system. The project adopts natural sand and stone materials that do not need to wash. The block stone and peddle which used for masonry do not need wash either. The main waste water source comes from washing water of concrete mixing system (about 15m 3 /d). The waste water discharges intermittently. The main pollutant is SS which will impact the surface water of the project region. Waste gas The main waste gas sources come construction mechanical fuel, open-air demolition, excavation, dregs piling, and concrete and asphalt mixing. The excavation, dregs piling, transportation and asphalt mixing are the main path for pollution. The dust and asphalt smoke will impact the air environment. Noise The noise sources are mainly from excavation, drilling, demolition, machinery movement and transportation. By construction analogical analysis, the noise source which needed to control are the pushdozer, excavator, bulldozer and concrete equipment. The noise levels are all above 80dB. The acoustical environment is impacted by the machinery movement and transportation. Page 39 Transportation The riverside environment improvement project and last section of Bingren Road locate on the urban area and suburb, the transportation pressure will be increased by construction vehicles. The traffic condition will be deteriorative and that will also impact the road facility. The majority impacted roads are Binjiang, Jiangnan, Jiangbei, last section of Bingren Road , west line of Duren and airport road. Excavation The excavation of the project consists of the foundation and side slope excavation of the protection slope, interceptor and trunk sewers excavation, last section of Bingren Road tunnel and road foundation excavation. That may cause partial ecological environmental destruction, such as destroy plant, affect wild animal and landscape etc. Solid waste The solid waste includes construction dregs and living trash from the construction operators. The total quantity of dregs is 775,500 m 3 . Nine construction waste disposal fields are planned, two of them are local building trash fields. Inappropriate treatment will cause new soil erosion and affect local environment. One worker will produce about 1 kg living trash in a day. Taken bulk density of living trash as 0.8t/m 3 , the total quantity of living trash produced in the construction period will be 2281.3m 3 , which is nearly 2% of the treatment ability of Panzhihua City. Thus, the disadvantagous impact of living trash is little. Land occupation by construction The area of permanent land occupation is 37.23 ha. and the temporarily land occupation is 21.27 ha. The land occupation may reduce the area of vegetation coverage and will cause new soil erosion. Social environment The construction may affect the inhabitants nearby. The land requisition and clearance may affect some inhabitants and enterprises. Impact sources in operation phase Riverbank slope protection The riverbank slope protection project may positively affects the water quality of the Jinsha River, soil erosion the Jinsha River Watershed, Panzhihua ecological environment, city landscape and living environment. Roads After completing the construction of the upper section of Binjiang Road and last section of Bing-Rren road. The air waste, noise and solid waste of the vehicles have disadvantage effect to the environment. But the operation of the road can release the urban traffic pressure and improve traffic condition. The operation of the last section of Bingren Road can lift the safety degree of Bingcaogang III district and Airport Road. It may has positive Page 40 effect to extend urban space, promote urbanization, adjust industrial structure and collect money for paying back loan. Scenery project It has positive effect to beatify urban environment and improve living environment, furnishing fine basic environment for the traveling and servicing development . Interceptor and trunk sewers The interceptor and trunk sewers construction and subsidiary sewage WWTP have profound significance to the protection of water quality of the Jinsha River. According to the construction and operation characteristics, the results of environmental impact sources are shown in Table 2-13. Impact sources analysis table Table 2-13 Period Type and reason pollutant and discharge density Discharge outgoing Water pollution ·waste water from washing concrete mixing 15m 3 /d ·SS: 40000mg/L ·SS: 5000 mg/L ·pH: >11 River area nearby Construction phase Air pollution ·demolition ·excavation material transportation slags ·asphalt mixing Dust Asphalt smoke Near the project region Noise ·demotion ·sand and stone material processing ·transportation ·fuel oil mechanic ·85 130dB(A) ·80 120 dB(A) ·80 110 dB(A) ·85 110dB(A) Near the project region Ecological pollution ·additional occupying land permanent 37.23ha. temporary 8 ha. Additional soil and water loss Damage plant Occupying land along the line Social environment pollution ·construction clearance 1111people ·transportation Water pollution ·road drain ·concentrate sanity sewage and discharge ·BOD: 20mg/L ·COD: 100mg/L River or offset hitch Air pollution ·offgas ·NO x Along the road Noise ·transportation vehicle ·noise 60 110dB(A) Along the road Solid waste ·traffic accident ·road maintain ·sewage treatment ·water pollutant ·waste ·desilting Trash farm Operation phase Social environment ·transportation ·resettlement Page 41 Page 42 Analysis of Alternatives Comparison of with or without this project (1) Scheme one: Environment Improvement Project in Panzhihua City scheme. (2) Scheme two: no project scheme. Comoparions of schemes are showed in Table 3-1. Scheme s comparison Table 3-1 Scheme one Scheme two Advantage (1) Improve the city traffic conditions, water environment and living environment, and promote sustainable development of Panzhihua city; (2) Accord with the master plan and traffic plan. And an important step to construct landscape garden city; (3) Create condition for developing the third industry and improving economic construction; (4) Necessity to develop new urban area; (5) Most people who had been consulted support this project and it shows that this project accords with public desires. Maintain living status of affected residents and land use along the line at present, and avoid adverse impacts during the construction and operation phase of scheme one. Disadvantage (1) A small quantity of dust, waste water, noise, solid waste produced during construction phase will destroy surface vegetation, produce soil erosion, temporarily strengthen traffic pressure and destroy landscape in construction area; (2) Occupy some land and change the use permanently; noise and air contamination produced during operation phase of roads will pollute environment adjacent to the road. (1) The Jinsha River section of Panzhihua city has been polluted seriously, threatening city water plant; unreasonable industry structure, tensional land use and crowding traffic have restricted traffic safety and city development in some degree; (2) Do not accord with the master plan. It is shown in Table 3-1 that scheme one will has some adverse environmental impact during construcion and operation phases. But these impacts are limited no matter what in space or time, which can be removed or mitigated to a great extent by taking various measures. In a long run, the project can change the traffic condition of Panzhihua City, improve living and water environment and advance sustainable development of the City. Furthmore, the project accords with pulic desire. Therfore, the proposed project is reasonable. Local route comparison Last section of Bingren Road Tunnel (1) Recommended scheme Page 43 Tunnel Line A: maximum vertical gradient is 1.43%, and minimum vertical gradient is 0.4998%; Tunnel Line B: maximum vertical gradient is 1.5%, and minimum vertical gradient is 0.5%. At the portion outside of tunnel the max. vertical gradient is 5.1%, min. vertical gradient is 0.21%. (2) Comparison scheme Tunnel Line A: maximum vertical gradient is 1.43%, and minimumn vertical gradient is 0.4998%; Tunnel Line B: maximum vertical gradient is 1.5%, and minimum vertical gradient is 0.5%. At the portion outside of the tunnel, maximum vertical gradient is 5.0%, and minimum vertical gradient is 0.943%. (3) Scheme comparison In recommended scheme the total earth-rock amount is 1,250,000 m 3 , while in comparison scheme the amount is 1,740,000 m 3 . 490,000 m 3 of earth-rock amount will be saved if recommended scheme is adopted, and soil erosion amount will be smaller. In recommended scheme designed ground line is closer to the original ground surface. This is helpful for the economic development along the road. Therefore, the recommended scheme is more reasonable. Road cross section form (1) Comparison form Standarded cross section form: one plate, 16m fast lane + 2 × 3.5 m greenbelt + 2 × 6.0 m sidewalk = 35 m total width. The advantage is that both greenbelts and sidewalks are wide, favoring the development of land along the road and appreciation of the land. The Shortcoming is that there is no central segregation belt in the fast lane, which is unfavorable for the safe and rapid passage of vehicles. It’s not rational to adopt same section for the entire line. In some section where land development is hard to be conducted, for instance high backfilling and deep excavation areas, there is few flow of people, and it’s not necessary to fit sidewalk of 6.0 m wide. (2) Recommended form Two cross section patterns may be adopted. Cross section pattern 1: two plates, 2×8.0 m fast lane + 5.0 m central greenbelt + 2×2.0 m side greenbelt + 2×5.0 m sidewalk = 35 m total width. This cross section pattern may be adopted where the development of land along the road is intensified, and there is heavy flow of people. It is favorable for the economic development along the road. Cross section pattern 2: Two plates, 2×8.0 m fast lane + 5 m central greenbelt+2×2.0 m side greenbelt + 2×1.5 m sidewalk = 28 m total width. This cross section pattern may be adopted where there is less intensified development and little flow of people, or where high backfilling and deep excavation are conducted or there is geological hazard. It can save cost for the project. (3) Scheme comparison Page 44 Greenbelt is used at the center of cross section to separate the two plate of the fast lane in the recommended form. This is favorable for the rapid and safe passage of vehicle, while the afforestation effect is better. At the road junction the greenbelt is stopped to ensure the smoothness of junction. Meanwhile different cross section patterns are combined, and are selected according to the actual situation to save the construction quantity and cost. It can be concluded from the above comprehensive comparison that the road cross section structure of two plats should be recommended. Tunnel connection section (1) Standarded cross section pattern Road breadth is 21 m, one plate. (2) Comparison cross section pattern Road breadth is 15m, one plate. (3) Scheme comparison The connection section is located between Dusongshu (solitary pine) Ridge Tunnel and Basijing Tunnel. The two sections are both 200 meters in length with less intensified land development and little flow of people. The 3.5 m greenbelt and sidewalk can satisfy the demand. In this section the topography is waving, If the comparison cross section is adopted, the construction quantities for backfilling and excavation can be saved. Therefore cost can also be saved. Comparison plan is recommended as a result. Bridge engineering on last section of Bingren Road The cross section of last section of Bingren Road (from K9+865~K10+075, K10+135~ K10+285) is of small radius (R=120m), and the elevation difference between the designed route and current ground line is large. The longitudinal cross section is of W type because of two adjacent valleys. In order to realize the smooth connection of this road section, high road embankment or bridge methods could be adopted. Slope collapse is easy to take place at the high backfilled and excavated section. If high backfilling is needed, then special attention shall be paid to prevent the local collapse. And high side slope treatment is needed by the road side, where retaining wall or other engineering measures shall be made or taken. Such scheme will result in large quantities of backfilling and excavation. Meanwhile as this road section is at the valley, if flood or debris flow occurs, large quantity of water, sand and gravel shall rush to the road embankment, a small pond may be formed by the road side even if culverts are fitted because they may not provide adequate discharging capacity. The small pond will seriously endanger the road embankment. If bridge is planned for connecting the two valleys, hazards mentioned above can be effectively avoided. The hurdle effect of bridge pier is far smaller than high road embankment. And bridge building does not need a lot of backfilling and excavation, hence reduces the cost, and imposes little damage to the current topography, as well as avoids the collapses. So it’s appropriate to set up bridge here. Upper section of Binjiang Road Cross section form (1) Standard cross section form Page 45 The breadth of road is 25 m, one plate, fast lane is 16 m in width and side greenbelt + sidewalk is 2 ×4.5 m; the bridge breadth is 19 m, one plate, fast lane is 16 m, and sidewalk is 2×1.5 m. Advantages: the cross section here is identical to that of the Binjiang Avenue. It is favorable for the smooth connection of road. Shortcomings: there is no hard segregation for the opposite direction of traffic. It’s unfavorable for the rapid and safe passage of vehicle. (2) Comparison of cross section form The breadth of road is 25 m, two plate, the fast lane is 15m, central greenbelt is 2m and side greenbelt + side walk is 2×4.5 m. The breadth of road on the bridge is 19 m, one plate, the fast lane is 16m, and sidewalk is 2 × 1.5 m. Advantages: a central green and segregation belt is set, which is favorable for the rapid passage of vehicle, and the afforestation effect is good. Shortcomings: the cross section is different from that of the upper section of Binjiang Road. This is not very good for the connection of two sections. (3) Scheme comparsion In consideration of the smooth connection with the constructed road and large elevation difference along the line, the standard cross section is adopted because large amount of backfilling or excavation can be adjusted with restriction of greenbelt and sidewalk at this section. Road surface design plan \03 (1) Comparison scheme Cement concrete road surface is planned. The cement concrete road surface is of long service life, the resistance capability is outstanding, it takes little maintenance and repair in the early stage, and it impose little impact to the urban environment. However the defects are that it demands that the ground pipelines shall be in place once for all, the maintenance and repair for road surface crack and damage is complicated, while the repair period is long, it is also of little adaptivity to the vertical sinking and deformation resulted from the uneven sinking of soft earth roadbed, which may lead to plate breakage and damage in drought period. Besides, there are many seams on the cement concrete road surface plate, resulting in reduced comfort for traffic. (2) Recommended scheme Asphalt concrete road surface is planned \11 Asphalt concrete road surface is of rapid pavement, convenient construction, comfortable traffic, little traffic noise. And the local excavation and repair are very convenient, and it is favorable for ground pipeline construction after the road is built. The defects are that the organic material in the asphalt concrete may result in the pollution of water in the peripheral areas and cultivation soil in the fields during rain and hot seasons. In order to create an advantageous urban working and living condition, and maintain an outstanding urban ecological environment, asphalt concrete road surface is recommended. Page 46 Bridge project of the upper section of Binjiang Road The elevation difference between the designed road surface and river bank from the Dukou Bridge to Dukou Suspension Bridge at upper section of Binjiang Road is large, and this section is of the unique terrain and topographical condition of mountainous area. In order to realize the smooth connection of this road section, two schemed are planned. One of them is to use high road embankment plan, another is crossover with bridge. The two schems have their own characteristics, and the comparison of advantages and defects are as follows: Comparison of high road embankment and bridge Table 3-2 Plan merits and defects High road embankment Bridge Advantage · Simple construction with little difficulty. · Short construction cycle. ·Need a few or no expansion seam, comfortable riding. · The area under the bridge is one of the important scenery spots in this project, where adequate area can be reserved for scenery spot design, the effect of landscape is better. · Through high bridge pier, the masonry quantity can be greatly reduced, the cost is lower. · Impose little damage to the natural topography. · Excellent safety. · The flow area under the bridge is large, drainage effect is outstanding. · Do not alter the river flow section, posing little hurdle for the flood drainage. Defects · Poor scenery effect. · Large backfilling quantity. high retaining wall, high cost. · Damage to natural land form. · If the retaining wall is high, collapse may happen without careful handling, poor safety. · There shall be culvert under the embankment but still with poor drainage effect. · Larger construction difficulty. · Relatively long construction phase. In general, on upper section of Binjiang Road the bridge plan has obvious advantage over high embankment plan, and can reserve larger space for the scenery design of this section. Therefore the bridge to be built here is a rational and best option. Interceptor and trunk sewers scheme comparison (1) Scheme one: several interceptor and trunk sewers According to the master plan , nine sewage WWTPs including Geliping, Taojiadu, Hemenkou-Qingxiangping, Duren, Bingcaogang, Nongnongping, Panmi, Jinjiang and Renhe will be constructed in the urban area of Panzhihua City. Bingcaogang sewage WWTP has been built and in operation, and Renhe sewage WWTP is under construction. \03 Page 47 According to the master plan , interceptor and trunk sewers should be matched with the built or non-built sewage WWTP. In initial stage of project feasibility research, in consideration of the early formulation of the master plan , there ’s difference between present situation of Panzhihua city and the plan, and most sewage WWTPs havn’t been built, the scale, quantities and location of sewage WWTPs have been argumented again. Based on present situation of Panzhihua city and other relative conditions, the scheme of six sewers including Qingxiangping, Taojiadu, Bingcaogang, Xiaoshaba, Makan and Jinjiang interceptor and trunk sewers had been confirmed, following the principle of building plant in different districts. (2) Scheme two: two interceptor and trunk sewers In later stage of project feasibility research, considering the economic situation of Panzhihua city and the impact on water environment by centralized discharging before sewage WWTP being built, the scheme of two sewers including first and second classes trunk sewers and a part of branch sewers of Qingxiangping sewage WWTP and Wushisi Bingcaogang interceptor and trunk sewers had been confirmed. The two interceptor and trunk sewers will respectively collect living sewage of Qingxiangping District and Wushisi Bingcaogang District for disposal at Qingxiangping and Bingcaogang sewage WWTP. The Qingxiangping sewage WWTP is promised to construct in the near future by Panzhihua city government. (3) Scheme comparison In the long term of planning, after construction of the six sewage WWTPs of scheme one, living sewage of each district will be collected and transported by the interceptor and trunk sewers, and discharge after disposal. It can avoid the effect of dispersed living sewage discharges on the water quality of intake spot. This has positive impact on protecting water quality of water intake spot, the Jinsha River and the Yangtse River. Restricted by economic condition, sewage WWTP should be built in installments, and most WWTPs and interceptor and trunk sewers can’t be in operation simultaneously. Therefore, before the construction of WWTPs, sewage will be collected by interceptor and trunk sewers and discharge integratedly without disposal, form a pollution belt, and pollute the Jinsha River. On the other hand, Bingcaogang sewage WWTP has been in operation. Qingxiangping sewage WWTP is the project that the municipal government promised to construct. The plant and its interceptor and trunk sewers will be constructed and operated synchronously. Thus it can be seen that if the scheme of two interceptor and trunk sewers is adopted, the impact on water environment brought by unreasoning construction of interceptor and trunk sewers will be avoided, and water quality of the Jinsha River will be protected. Furthmore, the scheme accords with present economic situation of Panzhihua City. Therefore, scheme two is reasonable and feasible. Page 48 Present Status of the Environment Natural environment status Geographical position Panzhihua City, where the Jinsha River and he Yalong River intersect, lies in the southwest of Sichuan Province, borders Yunnan Province. The geographical coordinates are 26°05 to 27°21 of North Latitude and 101°08 to 102°15 of East Longitude, closing to Huili County of Liangshan Automonous Prefecture in the east, and connects with Yongren County of Yunnan Province in the south, bounds with Huaping County of Yunnan Province in the west, bordering Dechang County and Yanyuan County of Liangshan Automonous Prefecture in the north. The distance from Panzhihua north to Chengdu is 749 km, and south to Kunming 351km. Topography and geomorphology Panzhihua city is located in the valley of the Jinsha River which connects with the Daliang Mountain in the north and bounds with Yugui plateau. In terms of region, it is part of the south section in Transection mountain chain. In terms of geological structure, it is located on the west fringe of Yangtze platform, north section of the Kangdian platform. Under the strong action of tectonic movement of Yanshan Period, the plateau geomorphology forms. The plateau gorge geomorphology in southwest of Sichuan and northwest of Yunnan was formed in the Pliocene Epoch before the Fourth Glacer Period. There are multistage platform, lower hill, valley, accumulation zone and alluviation fan on both banks of the river. The topography is complicated. The geomorphology of the region is belonging to southwest mountainous area of Sichuan. The mountains, hills and valleys are crisscross and the trend towards north to south. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The river vally is deep slotting, the terrain is rugged and the elevation difference exists largely. The northeast mountain ridges are mainly with the attitude of more than 3000m, with the maximum altitude being 4195.5m in Chuandongzi of Bailing Mountain. The southeast mountain ridges have the attitude of nearly 2000m, where the lowest part is the Shi village of Renhe district with the altitude of 937m. The Jinsha River passes through the urban district from west to east, confluences with the the Yalong River near the Luoguo and flows toward the south. Geology and mineral resources Panzhihua region is located in the core area of the composite part, which is composed of Sichuan-Yunnan south-north structural system and the middle section of the Yunnan -Tibet structure system. The structural system trend is mainly north-south, also has east-west, north-east, north–west and forest-snake tectonic zone. The structure is complex. The fold and fracture are well development with long term magma activity. The geological structure of Panzhihua city is obviously characterized by three structural layers, which are Jinning Period geosyncline, platform from the Sinian Period to the Palaeozoic Era and Mesozoic Era sunken. Under the strong action of tectonic movement of Yanshan Period, Himalayas Period and modern Period, the earth’s crust of Panzhihua lifts constantly, and forms the plateau gorge physiognomy in southwest of Sichuan and northwest of Yunnan. The topography is perplexing. Because the structural system is complex, it deeply affects the forming of the topographical configuration and local geological situation. Page 49 In Earthquake Risk Zoning Map and Seismic Intensity Zoning Map (1/50) (1973~2072) drawn by Southwest Earthquake Intensity Team of State Bureau of Seismology, the earthquake intensity in Panzhihua urban area is defined as degree . The banks of the main and tributaries are alluvial in the Quaternary. There are copper and red iron ore in the rock stratum of Yanbian County. The coal reserves are abundant in the rock stratum of Jura and Triassic Period in Renhe and Miyi. The Basalt area has limonite, copper mine, and a lot of Vanadium-Titanium magnetic iron mine which contained in the gabbro of Permian. Because of the plate drifting and geological function, the Panxi rift valley, which is full of mineral resources is formed during Hercynian –Indo-Chinese epoch. The rift valley is 300km long and 100km wide. The Panzhihua City lies on the south-center of the rift valley and is reputaed to be the ‘treasure vase’. There are over 35 kinds of verified mineral reserves, especially famous for the Vanadium-Titanium magnetic iron mine. The coking coal and power coal reserves 1,200,000,000 t, limestone reserves 300,000,000 t, dolomite 80,000,000 t, fixed carbon of crysrallord graphite ore reserves 25,000,000 t, granite reserves 30,000,000 m 3 According to the project site investigation, the tolerable mineral resource has not been found in the project scope. River system There are numerous rivers in Panzhihua city and all of the rivers belong to the Jinsha River and the Yalong river system. There are seven rivers whose drainage area is bigger than 500 km 2 . Besides the Jinsha River and the Yalong River, there are Dahe, Xinzhuang, Anning, Ganyu and Yongxin River, The first two is the branch the Jinsha River and the last three rivers are the branches of the Yalong River. There are 26 Rivers whose drainage area is between 100 500km 2 , 18 rivers for 50 100km 2 . There are 45 first class branches of the Jinsha River and the Yalong River, whose drainage area is between 5 50km 2 . The drainage area of the Jinsha River in Panzhihua City is 2370.1km 2 which comes from Yunan and go back to Yunan along the direction of east-west-south. The drainage area of the main branches of the Jinsha River in Panzhihua city is 662km 2 . The drainage area of Xinzhuang River is the smallest with 35km 2 . The Yalong River which comes from Liangshan Automonous Prefecture flows into the Jinsha River at Luoguo, Yinjiang Town. The drainage area of the Yalong River is 5064.3 km 2 . The Anning River, the main branch of the Yalong River, pass through the Miyi County from northeast to west with the area of 1651.6km 2 . The drainage area of Sanyuan River comes from northwest to the east. The width of the river in the proposed project section is 100~300m. The averaged slope is 0.6‰ and the long term average flow is 1690m 3 /s. Ecological environment status Meteorology The climate of Panzhihua City belongs to the dry and hot valley climate district of South subtropical zone. Affected by atmospheric circulation and topographical factor, the comparatively unique climate with island stereo style is formed, taking south subtropical zone as the basic zone. Because of the difference in position, trend and cutting depth among various river valleies, additionally the disparity of elevation (937m ~ 4195.5m), it presents various combinations of heat condition from the south subtropical zone to north warm zone. The Panzhihua urban district distributes along the Jinsha River in a kind of Page 50 group structure like string of beads. The region locates on the center of the climatic region of the Jinsha River valley. The hot and dry climate is special in our country. Sunshine and solar radiation Panzhihua City is abundant in sunshine, with 2745.2 sunshine hours annually. The sunshine hours in winter are more than summer. The averaged sunshine hours in summer are 5.4 6.5h/d, 5.9 8.2h/d in winter. Sunshine hours are the most in March with 285.7 hours and least in September with 181.5 hours. The dayly sunlight ratio in a year is 62%. The solar radiation energy is high in Panzhihua. The direct radiation has the most part in total. The annual radition in Panzhihua is 150.4k calorie /(cm 2 ·a) which is the highest in Sichuan Province. Its distribution in seasons is 29%~32% in spring, 22%~24% in summer, 21%~24% in autumn and 23%~25% in winter. Temperature Panzhihua is rich of heat. The temperature is high in winter and low in summer. The temperature diference is large in one day but small in the whole year. The annual average temperature in valley is 20~22 , the extremely lowest temperature is 10~16 , the extremely highest temperature is 20.5~25.2 . The yearly temperature difference is 14.5 , and daily difference is 14.2 .The year extreme lowest temperature which is more than 0 appears with the frequency of 70%. The annual highest temperature is 40.4 . The accumulated temperature for more than 10 is 7400 7700 and 8000 in the Jinsha River valley where under 1100m attitude. The difference between flood and dry season is more obvious than the difference between the four seasons. Precipitation The annual range of the precipitation of Panzhihua City is relatively great and the precipitation distributes unevenly within a year. The difference between dry and wet season is obvious, and the evaporation capacity is great. The climate is comparatively dry in the whole year. The long term mean annual rainfall is 760 mm, with 138.2 mm monthly averaged rainfall (from June to October) and 16.94 mm monthly averaged rainfall (from November to May). The mean annual evaporation capacity is 2438.6 mm, with 182.2 mm monthly mean evaporation capacity in monsoon and 217.5 mm monthly mean evaporation capacity in the dry season. The annual average relative humidity is 61% and the index of aridity is 1.64. Wind orientation The effect of the terrain redistribution is obvious and the microclimate is extremely complex. The climate is not only influenced by the elevation, but also different with region. Because of the broken terrain and difference in slope and valley trend, it often causes the local climate difference, and orographic rainfall, orographic wind and temperature inversion are common. Take the wind direction happened frequently as an example, the wind direction is W in Nongnongping but ESE in 501 Power Plant, which is just 4km away from eachother. The wind direction is SSE in Renhe and ESE in Bingcaogang, which is also close to each other. Summary In summary, the biggest climatic superiority in Panzhihua is the long sunshine, high temperature and heat abundance which suits for many species to multiply. Under such Page 51 climatic conditions, the plant grows quickly, the production is high, blossoms early and the flowers are bright-colored. It provides a great deal of species resources for the urban greening. But the biggest restrict factor is the non-synchronization of heat and flood, which increases the irrigation quantity and management work in dry season. The seedling, springwood and plants backing south wall may easily get sunscald in hot season. The winter is warm in day and cold at night, occasionally have low temperature. So it must be cautious when introduce the typical tropical plants. Soil According to the soil general survey in 1987, Panzhihua has 11 soil types, 17 subgroups, 32 soil genus and 96 species. The local soil types locating from low to high attitude are dry red soil, red soil, mountainous red soil, mountainous yellow soil, mountainous brown soil, mountainous dark brown soil and subalpine meadow soil. The regional soil in the valley area and its adjacent (below 2200m ) is mainly dry red soil, maroon soil and mountainous red soil. The local soil is red lime soil and purple soil. The status for soil erosion Soil erosion status The soil erosion type is mainly sheet erosion and gully ersion, accompanied with gravititional erosion, such as partial landslide, debris flow. The sheet erosion concentrates on the slope farmland and exposed base slope. The gully ersion occurs in the valleies with the shape of ‘U’ and ’V’. The landslide debris flow occurs every year with several ten thousands to hundred thousands cubic metre of sliding earth. The most serious soil erosion takes place along the Jinsha River. The banks of the Yalong River and Anning River are secondary. According to the satellite remote sensing investigation in 1999, the area of soil erosion in the whole city is 4247.61km 2 which accounts 57.13% for total. The annual soil erosion quantity is 13,219,000 t (not includes enterprise slag waste and river sediment), the average erosion modulus is 3112 t/ (km 2 ·a). The quantity of solid waste is nearly 7,000,000 t for the enterprises in the city. The genetic analysis for soil erosion According to the analysis, the natural factor is the latent condition of the soil erosion and human factor is the leader factor. (1) Natural factor The natural factor includes climatic, topographic, soil and vegetation factors. 1) Climatic Factor The climatic factors which influence soil erosion are rainfall, temperature and wet-dry degree, but mainly rainfall. The heavy rain and rainstorm are extremely easy to cause the mountain torrent eruption. The city locates on the dry and hot valley with dry chippy earth which is easily stripped. 2) Topographic factor The landform in Panzhihua is mainly mountain and valley. Most of the slope are more than 25 degree.The gravity erosion is active. The more precipitous the slope is, the stronger the scouring is. The heavy rain takes the earth away, and also brings a lot of rocks and sand. Page 52 3) Soil factor The erosion resistance of the soil is the main factor which influences soil erosion. The ability for anti- scouring is related to the earth matrix. The Panzhihua geologic structure is complex which has disparate elevation. The soil which formed on such landform is also various. The soil types distribute as vertical zone. 4) Vegetation factor The higher the surface vegetation cover rate is, the stronger the moisture content ability is. The interception by branches and leaves and fixation by roots reduce the surface runoff; strengthen the soil’s anti-erosion ability. The vegetation coverage is negatively correlated to the soil erosion. The afforestation cover rate of Panzhihua is 38.12% in urban centre and 50.04% forest cover rate. But there is no vegetation covered in local areas, such as the excavating surface, waste dumping and open-air mine. The soil erosion is extremely serious in such areas. (2) Human factor The natural factor provided the objective condition for the soil erosion. But the main reason which causes the soil erosion is the human activity (such as cultivating on slope, overcutting, developing, construction etc.). Such activities destroy the nature protection function and accelerate soil erosion. The overcutting and constructing activities may cause serious soil erosion. Therefore irrational social activity is the determining factor. Biodiversity Terraneous animal The wild animal species in the mountainous area away from urban area of the city are rich within the boundaries of Panzhihua, including amphibious, reptiles, birds and animals, which are more than 400 types. According to the project site investigation, there is no rare and precious terraneous animal in the assessment range. Some common wild animals can only be found in the forest far away from the urban. Vegetation The zonal vegetation in Panzhihua is evergreen broad-leafed forest. By the effect of Indian Ocean monsoon weather, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, the difference between dry and wet season is obvious. The vegetation type and appearance present the basic characteristic of dry evergreen broad-leaved forest in subtropical zone. Because of the stereo climate function, the vegetative vertical spectrum is obvious.There are more than 2300 kinds of plant within the boundaries of Panzhihua, which is 1500 kinds for Xylophtta, account for 66%, 700 kinds for Herbage, account for 31% 70 kinds for Liane, account for 3%.The natural vegetation in Panzhihua consists of coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, shrub, grass shrub, sparse shrub. The number of main community is 48. There are two kinds cultivated vegetations mainly, which are herb and Xylophtta. There are 5 types, 13 combinations or sub-types. Most of the main cultivated groups have distribution in Panzhihua City. The bush is the main vegetation in the assessment range. Its coverage rate is 12.2%. According to the project site investigation, the land types of river banks from Xinzhuang Bridge to Jinjiang are mainly shrubland, secondary are industrial, traffic, business and Page 53 house land and naked rock bottomland. The land along the last section of Bingren Road is mainly farmland and shrub land. There is no rare and precious vegetation in the project region. Fish resource According to project site investigation, information seeking, and the relating aquatic life survey result of the Jinsha River, the Panzhihua section of the Jinsha River is valley-type river. There is no large quantity of plankton, benthos, aquatic vascular plant, and the species and quantity of fish is relatively little. Carp is the main fish order. Most of the fishes are small-sized benthoal fish and has no big value. The main economic fish includes Carassius a. auratus , Rhinogobio ventralis , Semilabeo prochilus , P. vachelli . The provincial protect fish are Percocypris pingi.pingi , Schizothorax chongi Procypris rabaudi. The unique fishes in upperstream of Yangtze River is Garra p. pingi, Coreius guichenoti , Leptobotia elongata , Procypris rabaudi , S. (R.) kozlovi . According to the historical record, there has been Myxocyprinus asiaticus in Panzhihua section of the Jinsha River, which belongs to the Class national protection fish. But according to project site enquiry and information seeking, it hasn ’t been graspped since 1981. According to project site investigation, information seeking, and the relating aquatic life survey result of the Jinsha River, there is no known food-seeking ground, spawning ground and wintering ground for precious fishes. Social environment status Adminstrative zoning, population and ethnic group There are 3 districts and 2 counties, 75 towns, 16 subdistrict offices and 124 residents’ committees in the city. The population is 1,061,800 in 2003, which has grown 3.08% from 2000. The non-agricultural population is 565,300, increasing 2.95% than that of 2000. The total urban population is 657,600, within 507,400 are non-agricultural people. The population density is 142.7 person/km 2 increasing 2.88% than that of 2000. Panzhihua is a city with multiple ethnic groups, which the Han nationality is the majority. Up to the fifth national census in the end of 2000, the population of ethnic groups was 13,930,000, accounting for 13.41% of total population. The ethnic groups distributes in Miyi County and Yanbian County mainly. There are about 42 ethnic groups in the city, such as Yi, Lisu, Hui, Miao, Naxi, Bai, Manchu, Zhuang, etc. Due to the proposed project area lying in Panzhihua urban and suburb area, and the Han nationality is majority, there is no centralized residential area with unique characteristic and customs in the assessment area. The nearest ethnic group’s settlements are Lama Yi Township and Dalongtan Yi Township. The nearest linear distance to the proposed project is about 12 km. Social economy According to the statistics information of 2003, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Panzhihua City was RMB 16.427 billion Yuan, increasing 13.2% than that of 2002 (calculated by comparable price). The increase rate was close to the peak in ten years. Among them, the primary industry increases RMB 968,000,000 Yuan, increasing 5.5%.The secondary industry increased RMB 11,555,000,000 Yuan, increasing 14.8%. The tertiary Page 54 industry increased RMB 3,904,000,000 Yuan, increasing 10.7%. The industrial structure adjusted from 6.1 68.7 25.2 of 2002 to 5.9 70.3 23.8. The GDP per capita was RMB 15,569 Yuan, occupied the second in Sichuan Province. Land resources and land utilization status The gross area of Panzhihua City is about 7440.4 km 2 , the urban area is 42km 2 , occupying 0.6%. The cultivated land is 299.24km 2 , occupying 4.02%, while timberland 4781.24 km 2 , occupying 64.3%, grassland 1244.96 km 2 , occupying 16.7%, water area 156.89km 2 , occupying 2.11%. Table for Land Resources in Panzhihua Table 4-1 District, county East district West district Renhe district Miyi county Yanbian county Total land km 2 167 124 1727 2153 3269 7440 Cultivated land (ha. 209 372 7601 11426 10316 29924 Population density person /km 2 1860 1278 114 95 60 143 According to the statistics, the land types of river banks from Xinzhuang Bridge to Jinjiang section are mainly shrubland, secondary are Industry, traffic, commercial and residential land and naked rock bottomland. Land utilization status on the Jinsha River riverside from Xinzhuang Bridge to Jinjiang Table 4-2 Types Shrub Industry, traffic, commercial and residential use Slag field Naked rock Forest and greenland Farm land Total Area(ha) 300.54 222.49 18.20 233.26 34.64 25.27 834.40 Ratio (%) 36.02 26.66 2.18 27.96 4.15 3.03 100 The topographical condition in Panzhihua and insufficient urban using land has restricted the urban development. New space should be developed for city. Water resources utilization The quantity of water resources within the boundaries of Panzhihua city is about 114.421 billion m 3 , of which 4.218 billion m 3 is internal produced. The averaged annual runoff depth is 568.2 mm, and the precipitation of that is 1193.7mm. The quantity of the total groundwater resources is 90 million m 3 , of which about 300 million m 3 is exploitable. The river network in Panzhihua developed well, but the river cuts deeply. The slope of the river bed is large and the branchs are short. It is hard to build cross- valley diversion and storage project except for the river valley. On the other hand, because of the large slope, big head, abundant quantity and stable flow, it has the special character of developing little hydropower station. The theoretical reserve quantity of hydropower of Panzhihua is 4,929,000kW, with the Yalong River valley 2,980,000kW, The Jinsha River valley 1,949,000 kW. The theoretical hydropower reserve of the trunk stream of the Yalong River is 1,950,000 kW, and that of the Jinsha River is 1,886,000 kW. The exploitable quantity is 4,101,000 kW, with the Page 55 Yalong River system 2,588,000kW and the Jinsha River system 1,513,000 kW. The sum of the Yalong River and the Jinsha River is 3,928,000 kW (95.8% in all). The annual exploitable generating capacity is 27 billion kW·h, while the sum of the Yalong River and the Jinsha River is 26.5 billion kW·h (95.9% in all). Ertan Hydropower station is a huge-sized station built on the trunk stream of the Yalong River. The installed capacity of is 3,300,00kW and the generating capacity is 13.6 billion kW.h in 2002. According to the statistics by the local water conservancy bureau, by the end of 2002, the whole city has built 165 small-sized hydropower stations, 204 installed generators. According to the plan of the Jinsha River of Dukou~Yibin section, on the Dukou~Yibin section where the proposed project lies in, four hydropower stations will be developed, which are Wudongde, Baihetan, Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba. Among these, Wudongde station is a huge-sized hydropower station to be built 230 km downstream of Panzhihua.The normal water level is 950m. The end of its backwater is located at 70 km downstream of Panzhihua. Human health There are 139 medical establishments in the whole city, which has 5693 hospital beds and 5424 hygienic technical personnel. The number of hospital above county-level is 27 with 4756 beds and 4272 hygienic technical personnel. The epidemic infectious diseases are hepatitis, dysentery, tuberculosis and flu. The endemic diseases are idodine deficiency and leprosy. At present, trash and rubbish is scattered in disorder along the river, and partial sewage overflows, which affects hygienic condition and inhabitant’s health. Traffic and communication Panzhihua is the regional central city in the adjoining area of Sichuan and Yunnan. Cheng- Kun Railroad, national Road 108, Provincial road 214, 216, 310 and Pan-Xi express way go through the city. Chengdu and Kunming are reachable from the Panzhihua airport. In 2003, the annual volume of passenger tranport by highway was 19.89 million persons; the volume of cargo tranport was 15.84 million tons. The volume of passenger tranport by railway was 17.15 million persons; the volume of cargo tranport was 17.14 million tons. The volume of passenger tranport by air was 6632 persons; the volume of cargo tranport was 4.3 tons. At present, the only way from Bincaogang to Renhe is the east-west line of Duren road which passes through Dadukou. The traffic volume in 1998 was 2326 vehicle/day and 2799 vehicle/day in 2000. The road from the middle section of Bingren Road to the airport has already completed. The first section of Bingren Road is the only way which connets Bingcaogang III district and airport with Bingcaogang I and Bingcaogang II district. In 2003, the telecommunications industry developed rapidly, the income of its main service was RMB 534,000,000 Yuan, increasing 21.9% than that of 2002. The number of fixed telephone subscribers was 249,300, increasing 17.6% than that of 2002. The number of mobile phone subscribers was 396,000, increasing 31.2% than that of 2002. There are also 55,700 internet users. Page 56 Cultural relics and landscape There are 3 provincial level protected cultural relic sites, Huilongwan cavern ruin, Hejiaba ruin and mosque in Miyi County. There are also 3 city level protected cultural relics: the former Panzhihua construction headquarter, Datian conference site in Datian town, and No.13 Building in Dadukou. In additional, there are some cultural relics like ancient graves, temporary palace and temple. Most of the relics have been destroyed from years of human activites in the history. All these cultural relics sites are located in the out side of the project impacted areas. The project site investigation shows there is no proected cultural relic in the assessment range. Natural protection area and tourist attraction According to the project site investigation, there is no natural protection area in the assessment range. Three sites, Jinshatan drift base, Ertan national forest park and Panzhihua cycadales national protection area are relatively close but outside of the directly project impacted areas as shown in Figure 1. (1) Jinshatan International Drifting Trainning Centre The base locates in the neighborhood of Jinshatan. It is the AA national level scenic site which occupies 2.97ha. It is named as ‘the first drift in the ten thousand kilometers of the Yangtze River’. The base is located on the upstream of the riverbank environment improvement subproject and does not in the assessment range. (2) Ertan National Forest Park The Park was authorized to establish by State Ministry of Forest in 1993. The total area is 732.4km 2 with 63.4km 2 water. The distance between park and the the Yalong River mouth is 33km. According to the project site investigation, the closest linear distance between the park and the proposed project is about 10km. (3) Panzhihua cycadales national protection area The protection area locates on the right bank of Baguan River in Geliping town, which is 5km away from the proposed project. The protecting object is the national first level protection wild plant, Panzhihua Cycadales. The dimension of the protection area is 1358ha. It has more than 230,000 Cycadales, which is the largest and most intensive plant protection area in Asia. Besides Cycadales, it also has rich wild animal resource. Like Sichuan Chinese francolin, pangolin and so on. Water supply and drainage Urban water supply According to the statistical data in 2003, the synthetical water supply ability was 512,000 m 3 /d and 102,710,000 m 3 for whole year. The production water is 49, 600,000 m 3 ; domestic water is 32,460,000 m 3 . There are 532,000 people who can access running water in urban district, with the popularization ratio of 80.4%. The average per capita domestic water quantity is 240 L/d. The water supply comes from the Jinsha River mainly. According to project site Page 57 investigation and data collection, the water intake sites along the Jinsha River in the assessment range are listed in Table 4-3. Main Water Intake in the assessment range Table 4-3 No. Unit Water intake site reverside Environmental Characteristic 1 Geliping water plant Geliping of West District Left Intake with cable car, 2800 m 3 /d 2 Xujiadu water plant Xujiadu of Renhe District Left Deep well intake, 25000 m 3 /d 3 Dadukou water plant Dadukou of East District right Intake by floating ship, 10500 m 3 /d 4 Bingcaogang water plant Dong District of Bingcaogang right Deep well intake, 50000 m 3 /d 5 Jinjiang water plant Jinjiang Town of Renhe District right Intake with cable car 6 The Jinsha River Cement Co. Geliping of West District Left Pumping shaft, 6000 m 3 /d 7 The Jinsha River Cement Co. Hemenkou of East district Left Intake with cable car, 4000 m 3 /d 8 waste electricity Co. of PCP 200 m downstream the suspension bridge Left Deep well intake, 20000 m 3 /d 9 Panzhihua Electricity Co Hemenkou of East districtof Left Mechanical pumping, 240000 m 3 /d 10 Panzhihua Electricity Co Xinzhuang of East district Left Mechanical pumping, 230000 m 3 /d 11 Limestone Mine of PISG Limestone mine nearly The Jinsha River Left Intake by float bridge, 9000 m 3 /d 12 Refinement Coal Branch company of PCP 500 m downstream the suspension bridge Left Deep well intake, 10000 m 3 /d 13 Water plant of Panzhihua Coal Group Taojiadu of East district right Mechanical pumping, 47000 m 3 /d 14 Hemenkou water plant Hemenkou of East district Left Deep well intake, 21000 m 3 /d Status for sewage discharging and treatment In 2003, the total quantity of waste water is 63,970,000t (62,810,000 t in 2002), with the industrial waste 26,830,000 t (41.9% in all) and living sewage 37,140,000t (58.1% in all). The quantity for COD is 17650t (17313t in 2002). The discharge quantity of industrial waste is 2175 t, increasing 3.5% than that of 2002. The COD in living sewage discharge 15475t in 2003, increasing 1.7% than that of 2002. There are 2304 t ammonia and nitrogen discharged in waste water, which is 860 t in industrial waste and 1444 t in living sewage, increasing 3.6% and 1.7% than that of 2002 respectively. In 2003, the industrial waste discharge quantity that meet standard is 25,200,000t, increasing 1.9% than that of 2002. The ratio of the discharge meeting standard is 93.94% (impartial with 2002). Six industrial waste treatment projects were constructed in Panzhihua in 2003, increasing the indurstrial waste treatment ability 41,250 t/d. For the living sewage, two waster water treatment plants have been built. The Bingcaogang sewage WWTP was put into use in 2003, with the design ablity of 30,000m 3 /d. At present, Renhe sewage WWTP is at the testing stage and the design ablity is 20,000m 3 /d. The Page 58 current treatment ability of Bingcaogang sewage WWTP is 22,000m 3 /d due the imperfect sewage system. At present, the treatment rate for living sewage is low in Panzhihua, approximately 30%~40%. According to the master plan, the districts should establish independent sewage system. Therefore, consummating sewage network and constructing sewage WWTP is imperative under the situation. Status of solid waste disposal Panzhihua is a heavy industrial city with large quantity of solid waste. Based on the statistical data, the quantity for industrial solid waste was 13,960,000 t, increasing 3.2% than that of 2002. Most of them are disposed along the river, which form slag fields. The amount of living trash of the city was 160,000t in 2003, increasing 23% than that of 2002. There is a garbage treatment plant built in Panzhihua, which has the 200t/d ability. The garbage is disposed for no environmental pullution, accompanied with bury and burn. The plant basically satisfies the urban requests except in rainy season for the trash contains too much water. Environment quality status Water environment quality Pollutant source and water environmental quality survey At present, the waste water treatment ability can not satisfy the present situation. Most of the living sewage directly discharges into the Jinsha River without treatment. The soil erosion may also cause huge pollution in flood season. Panzhihua is a heavy industry city. Most of the industrial enterprises distribute along the river and discharge production waste water into the Jinsha River directly. More than 24,680,000 t waste water was discharged directly into the Jinsha River in 2003, which is 92% of the whole industrial waste. In the nineth-five-year and tenth-five-year plan period, the city spent much funds on the pollution control, and the treatment ratio is reached to 93.94%. Because of the large scaled pollution source and accident discharges, the water quality has been seriously polluted. In addition, there are many slag fields along the river. For example, west slag field of Panzhihua steel factory, Cold Rolling slag field and other fragmentary slag field. Such slag fields have not effective protection facilities, and easily cause soil erosion and water pollution. According to the project site investigation, the pollution sources of the Jinsha River from Geliping to Xinzhuang Bridge are coal washing waste water, cold-rolling mill waste water and power plant waste water. The pollution source of the Jinsha River from Xinzhuang Bridge to Bingzao Bridge is waste water of Panzhihua Steel Factory and living sewage. The pollution sources downstream of Bingzao Bridge are living sewage and a little mineral separation water. According to the monitoring data of the Jinsha River on the Panzhihua section, provided by Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau, the coliform in Longdong, hydrological station, Luoguo, Jinjiang and the Yalong River cross-section exceeds the allowed standard. The other fators meet Class water quality standard of ‘Standard for Surface Water Environment Quality'( GB 3838-2002 ). There are 10 factors not be detected for a whole year, which are volatility phenol, petroleum, selenium, arsenic, six price chromium, cyanide, the anionic surfactant medicinal preparation and sulfide and so on. Page 59 The area of drinking water sources is assessed according to the class standard. It is showed that among 12 months, the coliform has exceeded standard 6 times at Xujiahui, while Fe 4 times, total phosphorus once. At hydrological station, the coliform has exceeded 11 times, while Fe 4 times, and total phosphorus once. For the Jinjiang measuring point, coliform exceeds for 11 times, Fe 4 times, total phosphorus once. Water quality monitoring In order to understand the water quality status in the project section, the Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station monitored the water quality in May, 2005. Details are listed in Table 4-4, and Figure 9. The standard index method is adopted. The indicator of single parameter i at point j is: Si ij ij C C S / = Where: S ij ——the single indicator; C ij ——the monitored concentration (mg/L); C Si ——the standard limited value of the assessment factor (mg/L). The indicator of pH is Sd j j pH, pH 0 . 7 pH 0 . 7 - - = S (pH j 7) 0 . 7 pH 0 . 7 pH su j j pH, - - = S (pH>7) Where: S pH,j ——indicator; pH j ——the monitored value; pH sd ——the lower limited value of standard (mg/L); pH su ——the upper limited value of standard (mg/L). The standard indicator of DO is as follow S f f , D D D O DO O DO S j j O - - = ( ) s j DO DO ³ S , D D D 9 10 O O S j j O - = ( ) s j DO DO < Where: S DO, j ——indicator; DO j ——monitored value of dissolved oxygen concetration(mg/L); DO f ——saturated dissolved oxygen concentration under specified temperature and Page 60 air pressure (mg/L), O S =468/(31.6+T); DO S ——the standard value (mg/L). Water quality monitoring and assessment in 2005 Table 4-4 unit: mg/l (Coliform per /L, Except PH ) Geliping Hydrological station Guoguo The Yalong River mouth Jinjiang Item monitor s tandard monitor sta ndard monitor s tandard monitor s tandard monitor s tandard PH 8.43 0.72 8.48 0.74 8.48 0.74 8.37 0.685 8.36 0.68 DO 9.4 0.164 10.1 0.031 9.7 0.107 9.4 0.164 10 0.05 BOD 5 0.5 0.125 1 0.25 1.1 0.275 0.9 0.225 0.7 0.175 Petroleum — — — — — — — — — — COD 5.58 0.28 Total phosphorus 0.021 0.21 0.018 0.18 0.025 0.25 0.016 0.16 0.017 0.17 Ammonia nitrogen — — — — 0.102 0.102 — — — — Fe 0.27 0.9 0.26 0.87 0.29 0.97 Coliform 4900 0.49 14900 1.49 14000 1.4 7900 0.79 11000 1.1 Permanganate index 3.68 0.61 4.43 0.74 3.61 0.60 3.25 0.54 3.42 0.57 ‘—‘ indicates no detected. It shows that, the monitored result is conformed to the routine monitored data. The coliform in Hydrologic station, Luoguo and Jinjiang cross-section exceed the standard, while the other assessment indicators meet the standard. It indicates that at present, the pollution in the monitored section mainly comes from living sewage. The industry pollution is not so much serious as that of living sewage, but Fe exceed the standard at sometimes, so industry pollution should not be neglected Substrate sludge status assessment In order to survey the status for heavy metal in the substrate sludge, the Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station monitored the status for heavy metal in the substrate sludge in three spots. Details are listed in Table 4-5. Substrate sludge monitoring and assessment in 2005 Table 4-5 (Unit: mg/kg) Item site Cu Pb Zn Cd Hg As 100m upstream of Jinshatan, Gelipin 44.0 18.7 97.0 0.02 0.043 13.6 Hydrological station 30.0 5.53 121 0.05 0.054 8.6 500m upstream of Jinjiang water plant 69.2 13.2 135 0.02 0.046 6.0 Standard value 400 500 500 1.0 1.5 30 The values of 'Soil environment quality standard (class ) ' are listed in Table 4-5. The comparison between result and standard indicates that the heavy metal concertration in the sluge satisfies the standard of class . It showed that the sludge hasn ’t been polluted seriously by the slag dumped along the Jinsha River. It is suggested that control measures should be taken as far as possible, for it would be more difficult to treat pollution after the Page 61 sluge is polluted seriously. Ambient air quality Ambient air quality survey Panzhihua is a heavy industrial city, the discharge rate that reach corresponding standards of SO 2 , smoke and dust is 73.25%, 91.98% and 88.99% respectively. Because of the large scaled pollution source and accident discharges, the air quality has been seriously polluted. In addition, the tail-gas of vehicles may also cause air pollution. The acid rain rate occurred in Panzhihua is 19.4% in 2003, highest in September, 2003(87.5%). The averaged annual fallen dust is 19.2 t/(km 2 ·month ). In 2003, the discharge of tail-gas of vehicles is 87.46 billion m 3 with fuel burning waste gas 33.34 billion m 3 , production waste gas 54.12 billion m 3 . The discharge quantity of SO 2 , smoke and dust are 84,650 t, 13,560 t and 16,890 t, increasing 5.7%, 8.2%, 5.0% and 2.0% than that of 2002 respectively. The remove ratio for SO 2 , smoke and dust is 1.8%, 96.2% and 97.1% respectively. According to the Environment Bulletin of Panzhihua in 2003, the routine monitoring factors for ambient air quality are SO 2 , NO 2 and PM 10 . The averaged concentration of SO 2 is 0.036 mg/m 3 , meeting the national Standard of Class . The averaged concentration of NO 2 is 0.029 mg/m 3 , meeting the Standard of Class , . The averaged concentration of PM 10 is 0.217 mg/m 3 , 1.17 times more than the Standard of Class . It is obviously that the main air pollutant of Panzhihua is the PM 10 . Ambieth air environmental quality status of Panzhihua in 2003 Table 4-6 Item Nongnongping Hemenkou Bingcaogang Renhe City averaged index of PM 10 exceeding Standard 0.91times 2.95times 0.67 times 0.51 times 1.17 times index of SO 2 exceeding Standard 0.2 times meeting ratio to the Standard of Class 43% 1% 47% 65% 33% meeting ratio to the Standard of Class 29% 81% 18% 24% 37% Note The Standard is based on the ‘National Ambient air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996)’ of class . According to the Tail-gas Monitoring Bulletin of Panzhihua in 2004, compiled by Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station, the meeting ratio of tail-gas monitored on roads is 63.4%, the meeting ratio of tail-gas monitored annualy is 94.7%. The total meeting ratio is 81.1%, decreasing 1.6% than that of 2003. Status monitoring In order to understand the status of the ambient air quality in the region of the proposed project, the ambient air status was monitored by Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station in May, 2005. Details are listed in Table 4-7. The monitoring site arrangements are shown in Figure 9. Ambient air quality monitoring in 2005 Table 4-7 Unit : mg/m 3 Page 62 Site Factor Daily averaged value Standard value (GB3095-1996)class SO 2 0.035 0.15 NO 2 0.031 0.10 Shijiuye Hospital in Nongnongping PM 1 0 0.121 0.15 SO 2 0.056 0.15 NO 2 0.026 0.10 Hemenkou Mining Bureau PM 1 0 0.328 0.15 SO 2 0.033 0.15 NO 2 0.027 0.10 Bingcaogang monitoring station PM 10 0.160 0.15 SO 2 0.008 0.15 NO 2 0.015 0.10 Renhe monitoring station PM 10 0.078 0.15 Status assessment The assessment method is single qualitative index method. Details are listed in Table 4-7. The class 2 standard limited value of 'Air environment quality standard ' is listed in Table 4-7. The comparison between result and standard limited value indicates that the ambient air quality satisfies the request of class 3 standard except Hemenkou Mining Bureau and monitoring station in Bingcaogang. Acoustic environmental quality Acoustic environmental quality survey The traffic noise is the main pollution source of the acoustic environment. According to the 2003 environmental condition bulletin, the average noise equivalent sound level is 57.4dB in urban which is 49.1dB at night and 58.3dB on daytime, reducing 3.2dB, 1.3 dB and 2.6dB than that of 2002. The average noise equivalent sound level on traffic trunks is 72.0dB, exceeding 2.0 dB than that of the standard control volume. The trunk length which is more than 70dB is 74.3km, 57.1% in all. Status monitoring In order to understand the status for acoustic environmental quality in the proposed project region, the noise equivalent sound level was monitored by Panzhihua Environment Monitoring Station in May, 2005. In order to reflect the noise change in vertical direction, noise monitoring is carried out at the baconies of the third and sixth floor of Fenghuang living quarters at the same time. Another anology monitoring site is set on Jiangnanyilu road. The site arrangement is shown in Figure 9. The monitoring results are listed in Table 4-8. Monitoring results of acoustic environmental quality in 2005 Table 4-8 Unit: dB site Monitored value at daytime Standard of class at d aytime Monitored value at night Standard of class at night Dukou living quarters of Pangang 60.7 60 60.1 50 Fenghuang living quarters 62.2 60 61.6 50 Wuyi leisure village 40.8 60 39.4 50 Page 63 Jinyaxianke holiday village 63.0 60 63.3 50 Nongnongping living quarters of Pangang 56.2 60 56.7 50 Sishijiugongli living quarters 50.2 60 49.7 50 Third floor of Fenghuang living quarters 62.9 60 63.0 50 Sixth floor of Fenghuang living quarters 60.9 60 61.0 50 Jiangnanyilu road 68.6 70 66.5 55 It shows that at daytime, the noise values at three sites meet the standatd of Class , which are Wuyi leisure village, Nongnongping living quarters of Pangang, and Sishijiugongli living quarters. Noise at other sites is exceeding the standard differently. At night time, only noises monitored at Wuyi leisure village and Sishijiu-gongli living quarters satisfy the standard, while noise at other sites are exceeding the standard. The noise at Jiangnanyilu road satisfies the standard of classs at daytime and exceeds the standard at night time. Status assessment It indicates that the acoustic environmental quality in Panzhihua isn ’t very well. Noise at some residential buildings exceeds the standard seriously. The main cause is the traffic noise. According to the project site survey, some heavy truck enters the urban area against the local regulations at the night time, causing the noise exceeding phenomena. Ecological environmental quality The total timber production before forbidden period from 1968~1998 is 6,457,000 m 3 , equal to 123,800 ha forest. With the firewood using, the total timber consumpution is 26,000,000 m 3 , half of the whole city. The coverage reduced to 50% from 76.5%. Because of the timbering forbidden regulation, forest regaining from farming and the greening project, the coverage has resumed up to 57.9%, the living-timber reserve is 29,420,000 m 3 . The coverage is 40.85 % with 1716 hm 3 in the city urban area. The greening situation in Panzhihua is relatively well. But the soil erosion is serious. The coverage cannot satisfy the demand along the the Jinsha River and the Yalong River riverbanks. The city has abundant sunshine and heat resource. It suits for many species to multiply. Under such climatic conditions, the wild animal species are extremely rich within the boundaries of Panzhihua, including amphibious, reptiles, birds and animals, which are more than 400 species. According to the project site investigation, there is no rare and precious terraneous animal in the assessment range. Some common wild animals can only be found in the forest far away from the urban. Social environmental quality Panzhihua City is the regional central city which is close to the border of Sichuan and Yunnan Province. The traffic is convenient. The city land utilization cannot satisfy the demand. The proportion for industry production value is high. The GDP per capita occupied the second in Sichuan Province. In summary, Panzhihua is a relatively developed city in Sichuan Province but the development is still not balance. Relativity analysis of the World Bank safeguard policies Among all the safeguard policies of the World Bank, OP 4.01 "Environment Assessment" is an important basis of the EIA report. Based on environmental status and the project composing, other safeguard policies are screened in Table 4-9. Page 64 Screening results for World Bank safeguard policies Table 4-9 World Bank Safeguard Policies Relativity Comments Environment Assessment OP/BP/GP 4.01 Relevant It is the important basis of this assessment document, and it is reflected in Environmental documents of EIA, EA summary and EMP. Natural Habitats OP/BP/GP 4.04 Unrelevant The proposed project does not involve natural habitats. Pest management OP 4.09 Unrelevant This project does not purchase or use the disinsection agentia listed in OP4.09. Cultural Property OP4.11 Unrelevant There’s no known cultural property within the impact area. Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 Relevant The project involves resettlement along the line. Indigenous people OD 4.20 Unrelevant There is no any indigenous people residential area within the impact area. Forestry OP/GP 4.36 Relevant There is no forest in project area but the project involves vegetation spoiling and destroying. Relevant contents are reflected in relevant chapter of this EIA report. Safety of Dams OP/BP 4.37 Unrelevant This project does not involve dam. International Waterways OD 4.20 Unrelevant This project involves no international waters as stipulated in OP 7.50. Projects in Disputed Areas OP/BP/GP 7.60 Unrelevant The project involves no disputed areas as defined in OP 7.60. Environmental Sensitive Spots Sensitive spots of water environment The water intakes and the water quality downstream the outlet of sewage WWTP are the sensitive spots for assessment. Sensitive spots statistics of surface water Table 4-10 No. Item Position Environmental Characteristic 1 Geliping water plant 8130m upstream the proposed Qingxiangping WWTP left bank of the Jinsha River, Geliping west district Intake with cable car, 2800 m 3 /d 2 Xujiadu water plant 7160m downstream the proposed Qingxiangping WWTP , left bank of the Jinsha River, Xujiadu of Renhe district Deep well intake, 25000 m 3 /d 3 Dadukou water plant 9900m downstream the proposed Qingxiangping WWTP , 2300m upstream the Bincaogang WWTP, right bank of the Jinsha River, Dadukou of east district Intake by floating ship 10500 m 3 /d Page 65 4 Bingcaogang water plant 10350m downstream the Qingxiangping WWTP , 200m upstream the Bingcaogang WWTP , right bank of the Jinsha River, near Bingcaogang hydrologic station Deep well intake 50000 m 3 /d 5 Jinjiang water plant 17900m downstream the Bingcaogang WWTP , right bank of the Jinsha River, Jinsha town of Renhe district Intake with cable car 6 The Jinsha River Cement Co. Banbian street of Geliping, West district, left bank of the Jinsha River Pumping shaft, 6000 m 3 /d 7 The Jinsha River Cement Co. Songjiaping of Hemenkou, West district, left bank of the Jinsha River Intake with cable car 4000 m 3 /d 8 waste electricity Co. of PCP 200m downstream the suspension bridge, left bank of the Jinsha River Deep well intake, 20000 m 3 /d 9 Panzhihua Electricity Co Left bank of the Jinsha River, Hemenkou, West district, Mechanical pumping, 240000 m 3 /d 10 Panzhihua Electricity Co Left bank of The Jinsha River, Xinzhuang, West district, Mechanical pumping, 230000 m 3 /d 11 Limestone Mine of PISG Left bank of The Jinsha River, near Limestone Mine Intake by float bridge, 9000 m 3 /d 12 Refinement Coal Branch company of PCP 500m downstream the suspension bridge, left bank of the Jinsha River Deep well intake, 10000 m 3 /d 13 Water plant of Panzhihua Coal Group Right bank of the Jinsha River, Taojiadu Mechanical pumping, 47000 m 3 /d 14 Hemenkou water plant 910m upstream the Qingxiangping WWTP , left bank of the Jinsha River, Hemenkou Deep well intake, 21000 m 3 /d 15 Water quality downstream the Qingxiangping sewage treatment plant Downstream the Q ingxiangping WWTP Class , surface water environmental quality standard 16 Water quality downstream the Qingxiangping sewage treatment plant Downstream the Q ingxiangping WWTP Class , surface water environmental quality standard Sensitive spots of ambient air and acoustic According to the project site survey, the air sensitive spots are listed in Table 4-11. Sensitive spots of ambient air and acoustic Table 4-11 No. Item Position Influence source Horizontal/vertical distance between the first row of houses and the center line of roads (m) Environmental characteristic 1 Residential building of Panzhihua power generation corp. Side of Jiangnan-sanlu Binjiang Road 25m/10m 64families, ferroconcrete structure house 2 Residential district of 501 Electricity factory Side of Jiangnansanlu Binjiang Road 20m/5m 104families The brick- concrete structure and the reinforced concrete portal frame construction 3 R esidential district Sishijiugongli Bingren 20m/0m 171families , The brick - Page 66 of the precast slab factory Road concrete the structure and the reinforced concrete portal frame construction 4 Residential building on the end of Bingren Road End of Bingren Road Bingren Road 15m/0m 1 concrete portal frame construction Comments: The residence and enterprises didn ’t list in the above table as they have moved avay before the project construction. Sensitive spots of ecological environment Ecological environmental sensitive spots Table 4-12 No. Item Site Environmental characteristic 1 Farmland and vegetation along the Last Section of Bingren Road subproject Close to the road Farmland, garden, hillside vegetation Sensitive spots of social environment According to the project site investigation, the proposed project will pass through the urban area, causing land acquisition and resettlmetns, so there are many sensitive spots of social environment. Based on the ‘resettlement plan for Panzhihua environmental improvement project' and site investigation, the affected people by demolition includes 325 rural people, 300 urban residence, 9 enterprises with 4223 persons. There are 648 persons affected by land acquisition. As there are 247 persons who are impacted by land acqusiton and demolition simutaneously, the total number affected by the proposed project is 5249. The main social environmental sensitive spots are listed in Table 4-13 and 4-14. Social environmental sensitive spots of the affected rural people Table 4-13 Land requisition only, no demolish Demolish only, no Land requisition Demolish and Land requisition Total Group household People household People household People household People Yuejin 51 155 12 18 15 22 78 280 Huaguo 45 246 16 24 61 270 NO. 2 13 36 60 225 73 261 Total 96 401 41 78 75 247 212 811 Note: from the ‘Resettlement planning of the World Bank financed Panzhihua environment impact project’ Enterprises and institutions demolition statistics Table 4-14 Area(m 2 ) enterprises and institutions characteristics Total Brick- concrete Brick- wood Others Page 67 Panxi ecological medication cooperation enterprises 2977.71 1339.97 1191.09 446.65 Nineteenth metallurgical machinery factory State-owned 7976.79 4786.08 2632.34 558.37 The municipal public transportation corporation State-owned 1848.5 1478.8 369.7 Nantai corporation private- owned 2562.39 1537.44 563.73 461.22 Hydrological station institutions 1259.4 944.55 251.88 62.97 Jinsha park institutions 685.2 685.2 Panzhihua branch bureau, Changjiang afforestation bureau State-owned 2720.8 1904.55 761.83 54.42 Mechanical branch corporation of Pangang State-owned 5023.36 2762.85 2009.35 251.16 Lunan community, Dahebeilu institutions 384 384 Total 25438.2 15823.4 7779.92 1834.79 Main environmental problems (1) Serous water environmental pollution problem The living sewage of Panzhihua discharges directly into the Jinsha River without treatment. The quantity of wastewater into the Jinsha River was 37,140,000t in 2003, upto 58.1% of the whole city. Some environmental factors, such as coliform, total phosphorus and soluble iron, often exceeded the Standard of Class \03 during high flow period. There is only one sewage WWTP (Bingcaogang) in Panzhihua. Its designed treatment ability is 30,000t/d, while the current ability is only 22000 t/d due to the imperfect sewage system. (2) Ambient air quality is not optimistic The ratio of day when the air quality is inferior to the Standard of Class in Nongnongping and Hemenkou are 29% and 81% respectively. On the other hand, as the space between Nongnongping, Hemenkou industrial district and the inhabited area is narrow, the ambient air quality near the industry district or far away cannot reach the Standard of class . Because of the slender city arrangement, narrow street, large traffic flow and special terrain, the ambient air quality of Bingcaogang can not reach the Standard of Class 2. (3) Serious industrial pollution Because the steel and iron industry is the main part of Panzhihua industry, most of the others serve for it. Irrational industrial structure and backward technique had restricted the structure adjustment and economic development for long time. During the nineth-five –year plan period, Panzhihua put large investment in pollution control and the environment has been improved. But there is still a long way to go for the pollution control. The solid waste in Panzhihua consists of metallurgy slag and other production waste. According to statistics, 62,517,000 t industrial solid wastes were produced during the nineth-five–year plan period, equivalent to 12,503,400 t per year. The dumped quantity is 9,770,000t, accounting for 78.2% of the total. The treated quantity is 348,200 t. The rate is 2.8% of the total. The comprehensive utilization ratio is 16.4%, equivalent to 2,058,800t. The quantity discharged into river is 321,400 t, equivalent to 2.6% of the total. By the end of 2000, the dumped quantity of industrial solid waste is 198,370,000t. Among the dumped industrial solid waste, there is 92,000,000t refuse ore of steel company, 50,000,000t coal gangue, 56,370,000t metallurgy slag (high-oven slag and steel slag). Up to now, the dumped quantity is 170,000,000t. The land occupation reaches 152 ha. Page 68 (4) Ecological environment needs improving Panzhihua lies on the hot and dry river valley of the Jinsha River. The residential community and nearby are lack of vegetation protection. The special terrain and landform restricted the diffusion and transport of the pollutants. There is large disparity to the human suitable housing condition. The banks of the Jinsha and the Yalong River lack of vegetation covering. The soil erosion is serious in such area. The greening plant in both banks of the Jinsha River is in disorder, which seriously affects the city image of Panzhihua. Moreover, as a result of the historical reason, 3 large-scaled slag dumps formed in the riverbank, with more than 40,000,000 t solid wastes. They are the major potential place for soil erosion and pollution. (5) Urban transportation system needs improving Panzhihua is a city with mountains and rivers. The urban layout presents belt-shaped. As a result of the terrain restriction and historical reason, the city infrastructure development is serious backward, which has restricted the traffic safety and urban development in a great degree. It is urgently needed to be improved as soon as possible. Page 69 Forecast and assessment on environmental impact Environmental benefit The environmental benefits brought out by the proposed project mainly include landscape benefits, social benefits environmental be nefits and economic benefits. The project section of the Jinsha River riverside is mixed with waste steel slags, vallum built during construction of the buildings along the Jinsha River, brushes and weeds, bare rocks and screes, a few farm and green lands. The scenery does n’t meet with the demand of a modern city. The riverside waste piles mainly include the west slags of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group, the slag field of Panzhihua Coal Group, and the spoiled ground of Panzhihua Cold-rolled Factory. Besides, there is also some scattered construction rubbish. The protecting facilities of the waste fields are in bad condition, so the water body of the Jinsha River is seriously polluted by the riverside slags and solid waste. The environmental improvement project along the Jinsha River will clear away the scattered construction slags along the river, and control the riverside industrial solid waste. It can effectively prevent the river to be polluted by manmade rubbish and industrial solid waste. It can also reduce the soil erosion in the Jinsha River watershed area and protect water environment of the Jinsha River. At the same time, it will beautify the urban environment, and improve the city image and environment. Limited by topography and historical influence, the traffic conditions of Panzhihua city lag seriously, and have restricted the traffic safety and city development in a great degree. The upper section of Binjiang Road will connect the Jiangnansilu Road and the completed Binjiang Road, and form the main trunk road with east-west direction in central area of the city. It can divert some border-crossing traffic volume. The last section of Bingren Road is the extension of the upper section. It is the main road joining Bingcaogang \03 District, the central district of the city in the future, and Renhe District, the new district. Its construction will densify the road network and relax heavy traffic in the central district. It is important for the new district development and industry structure improvement. During the operation phase, the city traffic will be smoother, the motor vehicle speed will be higher, and total air emissions may be reduced for the same traffic flow. Thus it will have positive impact on ambient air quality. At present, the treatment ratio of domestic sewage in Panzhihua is low. Associated interceptor and trunk sewers of Bingcaogang WWTP haven’t been constructed completely, and its current load has not reached the designed demand. The living sewage of other districts besides the Bingcaogang directly enters the Jinsha River dispersedly without any treatment. The project construction will perfect the collecting system of Bingcaogang water plant. During the operation phase, the living sewage of Qingxiangping District and Wushisi~Bingcaogang District will be transported by the proposed interceptor sewers to Qingxiangping WWTP. It will avoid the water pollution caused by scattered sewage. In summary, the project will act a positive role in improving water quality of the Jinsha River. Page 70 Water environment impact Construction phase During construction phase, the main impact sources on water quality come from riverside construction activities and waste water discharge. There is open excavation during construction of bridge foundation, which may cause foundation pit waste water. Because the discharge period is short, and the quantity is little, the impact on water environment is small. The riverbank slope protection project will be constructed along the river, so cofferdam and foundation construction may cause waste water discharging and earth sliding into the river. The main pollutants are SS and oil. The waste water of concrete mixing system comes from revolving drum and material tank slushing, and the quantity of slushing waste water is approximately 15 cubic meters per day. The concentration of SS in the slushing waste water is approximately 5000 mg/L, and pH reaches 11.48. The slushing waste water is high concentration, small quantity and centralized intermittent discharge. Because the quantity of waste water is little, the impact on water environment is small. But the SS concentration of slushing waste water exceeds the discharge standard seriously, the waste water should be treated before discharge. In a word, if riverside construction activities won ’t be regulated, it may cause a great deal of soil and oil materials to enter the river, and pollute water quality. However, as long as the construction activities are regulated and the quantity of earth into the river is controlled, the concentration of SS and oil won’t increase evidently for the large runoff, high speed and violent turbulence. Operation phase Impact on water quality brought by interceptor and trunk sewers According to the local plan, Qingxiangping sewage WWTP will be constructed at the same time as the sewerage network of this project. In the operation phase, the sanitary sewage in Qingxiangping and Wushisi- Bingcaogang drainage catchments will be transported to the treatment plant by the interceptor and trunk sewers and discharged after treated. This avoids the inverse influence caused by the sanitary sewage discharged dispersedly. The project plays a positive role in improving the water quality of the Jinsha River. Qingxiangping WWTP is the project that the municipal government promised to construct from its own budgets or external investement sources. Once the operation of Qingxiangping WWTP lags behind the wastewater project, the sewers will be discharged directly without any treatment. The impact on water environment is studied by the use of the steady two-dimensional water quality model, commended by “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment –Surface Water Environment” (HJ/J 2.3-93). The equation is as follows: ï þ ï ý ü ï î ï í ì ÷ ÷ ø ö ç ç è æ - - + ÷ ÷ ø ö ç ç è æ - + = x M y B u x M uy xu M H Q c c y x c y y y p p h 4 ) 2 ( exp 4 exp ) , ( 2 2 p Where, Page 71 c üü concentration of contamination(mg/L); p c üü concentration of contamination discharge (mg/L); h c üü background concentration of river (mg/L); P Q üü discharge of waste water(m 3 /s); H üü averaged water depth, (m); B üü surface width, m; M y üü horizontal diffusion coefficient, m 2 /s; 12 (0.058 0.0065 )( ) y MH B gHI =+ ; u ——average flow velocity, m/s. Taking the worst condition into account, the averaged flow in lowest flow month is 562m 3 /s. The results shows that, in the worst situation, the water quality of 1350m downstream the trunk sewers outlet, will reach the water quality of standard . While after the operation of Qingxiangping WWTP, the water quality meets standard beyond 20m downstream the trunk sewers outlet. As all the municipal water intakes has a long distance with the outlet of the trunk sewers, the influence on water quality brought about by the operation of sewerage network is little. Impact on water quality brought by riverbank slope protection During the operation of the riverbank slope protection sub-protect, riverbed and the crosssection will be more stable and the flow will be smoother. At the same time, the riverside solid waste will be prevented to enter river by the project. This is helpful to reduce soil erosion in the Jinsha River watershed and protect the water quality of the Jinsha River and the Yangtze River. Impact on water quality of road operation Service and management station will not be set up along the proposed roads, and the road operation will be put into municipal traffic management. Hence during operation phase, there is no increased living sewage. But in rainy days during the road operation phase, the contamination of tail-gas and flying dust which fall on the road surface will flow into water with the runoff, and affect water quality adversely. Taking the research results of Environmental Engineering Research Institute of Changan University as reference, rainfall less than 50 mm can wash the road surface cleanly. The concentrations of common factors of road surface runoff are listed in Table 5-1. Contamination concentrations of road surface runoff \03 Table 5-1 Items COD Cr petroleum SS averaged concentration in 120 minutes mg/L 107 11.25 100 Based on the area of the road surface, the rainfall in 2 hours in the proposed Binjiang Road and Bingren Road are computed to be 3377 m 3 and 7475 m 3 respectively. Supposing the runoff coefficient is 1.0, and the concentration time being ignored, the flow yield on the proposed roads is 0.47m 3 /s and 1.04m 3 /s respectively. The mean annual flow in driest month in the project section of the the Jinsha River is 562m 3 /s. Thus, the ratio of the road surface flow to the river flow is 1:1195 and 1:541 Page 72 respectively. The total quantity and concentration of contaminant brought by road surface flow are listed in Table 5-2. Impact on water quality brought by road surface flow Table 5 \10 2 COD C r petroleum SS Proposed Road T otal quantity in 2hr(kg) Increased concentration in The Jinsha River (mg/L) Total quantity in 2hr(kg) Increased concentration in The Jinsha River (mg/L) T otal quantity in 2hr(kg) Increased concentration in The Jinsha River (mg/L) Binjiang Road 50.2 0.09 5.3 0.01 46.9 0.08 Bingren Road 111.1 0.20 11.7 0.02 103.8 0.18 It is obvious that the ratio is small and the increased concentration in the Jinsha River brought about by road surface flow is little. Therefore, the impact on water environment brought by road surface flow is not obvious. Impact on ambient air quality Construction phase The air pollution during construction phase primarily comes from excavating, stacking waste, transport and asphalt mixing. The main pollutants are flying dust and asphalt smoke. Restricted by quantity and construction field, there are mainly artifical work and small- scale construction machines in the slope protection sub-project along the Jinsha River, and the quantity of flying dust and asphalt smoke produced is little. The construction of roads and interceptor and trunk sewers are the main pollution source. Impact analysis of flying dust Panzhihua City lies in the arid valley of the Jinsha River. The flying dust is serious in dry season. During the construction period of roads and sewers, some construction activities such as excavating, piling and transport will bring about a great deal of dust, and bring adverse impact on the ambient air. Effective measures must be taken for reducing or avoiding the adverse impact. (1) Excavation The results of domestic and foreign research and similar projects investigating indicate that when wind speed exceed the flying-up speed, the main factors influencing the dust quantity are mailnly the protecting measures, wind speed, soil humidity, the earth decentralization degree, the relative height of crane grab, excavating type or piling type and so on. There is an experimetnal formula used to calculate the quantity of flying dust. The formula is as follows: Qp=M ×K Page 73 Where, Qp ——quantity of flying dust; M——quantity of soil in the grab each time; K——empirical coefficient. Similar project investigating indicates that the maximum quantity of flying dust brought about by excavating is about 1 percent of the load quantity in the condition that no protecting measures are adopted and the soil is dry. If some protecting measures are adopted and the soil is a little wet, the quantity of flying dust brought about by excavating is less than 0.2 percent, and the flying-up wind speed is about 1.2m/s. (2) Transportation According to flying dust analysis of built roads, road flying dust caused by transportation in construction area is more than 50 percent of the total flying dust quantity, and the dust- earth transportation is the most seriously pollution source. According to the domestic monitoring results on road flying dust, when the wind speed is 1.2m/s, TSP concentration is more than 10mg/m 3 at 100m leeward, and about 5mg/m 3 at 150m leeward. (3) Piling area Much flying dust will be produced at the soil piling area under the wind force. There’is no any perfect theoretical formulas for its quantity estimation at present. The following is an experimetnal formula. Qp=4.23×10 -4 ×U 4.9 ×Ap×K Where, Q P ——quantity of flying dust, mg/s; U——wind spreed, m/s; K——emperical coefficient considering soil humidity, %; A P üü area, m 2 . In summary, the flying dust problem is serious in arid season. So during construction phase, necessary flying dust control measures must be taken. Besides, measures to protect operators should be taken. Asphalt smoke impact analysis The proposed road is designed as asphalt concrete road surface. During asphalt mixing process, asphalt smoke will be producd. Asphalt smoke is synthesized smoke which consists of liquid hydrocarbon and little gaseity hydrocarbon. Through respiratory tracts and polluting skin, it can cause poisoning and some symptom such as headache, eyesight descendence and so on. Therefore, emission of asphalt smoke must be controlled during asphalt mixing process. Nowadays, mixing technology in enclosed plant equipped with dustcleaning facilities is usually adopted during road construction. Asphalt is transported to the construction field in high-temperatured containers without heating equipment. So emission concentration of asphalt smoke is low. According to relevant data, when wind speed is between 2 and 3m/s, the affected distance of asphalt smoke is about 100m leeward. The preceding mixing and Page 74 transportation technology of asphalt will be adopted in the proposed project, causing little impact on the ambient air quality. According to the construction plan, the asphalt mixers will be located at the flat field near the proposed Basiqing Tunnel exit of Bingren Road. There are no residential houses within 100m leeward, so asphalt smoke in mixing process will not affect the sensitive spots. Furthermore, the scale of the proposed road is small. According to common construction plan, asphalt paving speed is 800m/day~1000m/day. By computation, the asphalt paving period of the proposed Binjiang Road is 8 days, and that of Bingren Road is about 18 days. It shows that the asphalt paving will not last long time, and the impact on ambient air quality is small. Operation phase Prediction content During operation phase, the main pollution source of air is automobile tail-gas of the proposed Binjing and Bingren road, and its main contaminant is NO x . Prediction method (1) Emission intensity model The automobile tail-gas could be supposed to be a continuous linear source, the source emission intensity could be predicted by the model as follows: å = - = 3 1 1 3600 i ij i j E A Q Where: j Q -- Emission intensity of NO x , (mg/(s ·m)); i A -- Traffic flow of type i vehicles in the predicted year, (vehicle/h); ij E --- NO x emission factor of individual vehicle of i type in n year, mg/ (vehicle·m) In the future, the motor emission standard may be raised and I/M plan may be implemented, their effects haven’t been considered in the prediction. It is said that, in the future, China will promote the second stage restriction for motor vehicle exhaust emission; meanwhile Panzhihua government has strengthened tail-gas emission monitoring and management from 2005. In this case, the actual quantity of NO x in the middle and long term will be smaller than the predicted results. (2) Diffusion model According to the factual situation and World Bank experts’ opinion \0f\03 CALINE4 model is adopted. Details are as follows: Divide road into a series of line sources, calculate the diffusion concentration at the objective point for each line source respectively, then add up them to calculate the total tail-gas concentration for the whole road. \03 Page 75 Each line source is treated as a finite line source (FLS). The FLS center is located at the center of the line source, and the FLS is vertical to wind direction. Taking the line-unit centre as coordinate origin, leeward direction as X axis positive direction, coordinate is set up for each FLS. Supposing the tail-gas in each FLS is discharging along FLS, its diffusion is simulated with Gauss Model. () () PD H Z H Z u Q C z z z · ï þ ï ý ü ï î ï í ì ú û ù ê ë é - - + ú û ù ê ë é + - = 2 2 2 2 2 exp 2 exp 2 s s s p ò - = 2 1 ) 2 exp( 2 1 2 p p dp p PD p Where, y x x p s - = 1 1 ; y x x p s - = 2 2 , 1 x , 2 x indicates the coordinate of the left end and right end of FLS. x means the coordinate of the objective point. The integral can be calculated without use function. Then add up the calculated results of each FLS. Analysis of predicted result The predicted values of NO x of Binjiang and Bingren Road are listed in Table 5-3 and 5-4. Predicted results of NO x of Binjiang Road Table 5-3 unit: mg/m 3 Upper section of Binjiang Road Horizontal distance between the sensitive spot and the road centre line (m) Short term (2008) Medium term (2011) Long term (2015) 15 0.119 0.129 0.140 20 0.094 0.101 0.109 30 0.068 0.072 0.077 50 0.046 0.048 0.05 Predicted results of NO x on Bingren Road Table 5-4 unit: mg/m 3 Last section of Bingren Line Horizontal distance between sensitive spot and road centre line (m) Short term (2008) Medium term (2011) Long term (2015) 15 0.093 0.098 0.111 20 0.071 0.075 0.084 30 0.049 0.051 0.057 50 0.031 0.032 0.034 The p redicted results of NO x of each sensitive spots in different prediction period during operation phase, are showed in Table 5-5. Page 76 Predicted results of NO x of sensitive spots during operation phase Table 5-5 unit: mg/m 3 sensitive spots Pollution source short term (2008) medium term (2011) long term (2015) the residential building of the municipal power company Binjiang Road 0.053 0.055 0.006 the housing estate of 501 power plant Binjiang Road 0.075 0.080 0.086 the housing estate of precast slab factory Bingren Road 0.071 0.075 0.084 the residential area at the last section of Bingren Road Bingren Road 0.093 0.098 0.111 Table 5-3 and 5-4 show that in medium and long terms, the concentration of NO x at the spots 15m far away from the center line of Binjiang Road will exceed the standard, and the exceeding values are 0.009 mg/m 3 and 0.02 mg/m 3 respectively. Beyond 20m, concentration of NO x meets the standard. All the concentrations of NO x of Bingren Road are less than the standard values. It also indicates that all the concentrations at the sencitive spots meet the standard. Acoustic environment impact Construction phase Impact source The noise during construction phase mainly comes from the construction machines and transportation vehicles during excavation, drilling, explosion, concrete pouring and so on. According to the monitoring data of anolog projects, the main noise sources are the construction machines and concrete equipments such as bulldozer, grab crane, and road roller. The noise values of main construction machines are listed in Table 5-6. Noise values of main construction machines Table 5-6 unit: dB machine distance between monitoring site and noise source (m) The biggest noise value (dB) bulldozer, 5 86 loading machine 5 90 grab 5 84 concrete mixing machine 2 79 road roller 5 86 Self-unloading truck 7.5 88 paver 5 87 Noise prediction The project will be constructed in several stages. Each construction machine has much work space, and is some distance away from others, so the noise sources could be treated Page 77 as point sources, and decrease gradually with distance. The formula for noise decrease is as follows: 0 ) ( ) ( 201 0 r r g L L r A r A - = Where: L A (r) ——the noise value at the point r (m) away from the noise source, dB(A); L A (r 0 )——the noise value at the point r 0 (m) away from the noise source, dB(A); r ——distance to the noise source, m. According to above formula and the standard value in construction areas, the affected range of each noise source can be determined. Results are listed in Table 5-7. Affected range for each construction machine Table 5-7 Distance (m) Standard value (dB) Distance where noise reach the standard (m) Machine 10 20 40 60 80 100 150 day night day night Bulldozer 80.0 74.0 68.0 64.4 62.2 60.0 56.5 18 177 Loading machine 84.0 78.0 72.0 68.4 66.0 64.0 60.5 28 281 Grab 78.0 72.0 66.0 62.4 60.0 58.0 54.5 14 140 Automobile truck 85.5 79.5 73.5 70.0 67.0 65.5 62.0 75 55 34 335 Road roller 80.0 74.0 68.0 64.4 62.0 60.0 56.5 31 177 Paver 81.0 75.0 69.0 65.4 63.0 61.0 57.5 70 55 35 199 It indicates that the impact range brought by construction machine is 35m in the daytime and 335m at night. The noise value outside the preceding range satisfies the standard of Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90). Impact on sensitive spots Because the distances between the sensitive spots and the roads are less than 40 meters, the noise on the sensitive spots won't reach the corresponding standard under the influence of the construction machines. Though the adverse impact is temporary, and won’t exist after the project completion, corresponding measures should still be adopted to mitigate or avoid the impact. Operation phase Forecast content The traffic noise impact on the sensitive spots of Binjiang Road and Bingren Road during operation phase will be predicted. Prediction method The noise pediction model recommended in Specification for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway(on trial) (JTJ 005-96) is adopted. The model is as follows: Page 78 1) When i -type vehicle was driving during daytime and night time, the traffic noise value per hour received in the predicted spots was calculated with the formula as follows: () 13 lg 10 tan , - D + D + D - ÷ ÷ ø ö ç ç è æ + = pavement profile ce dis i i i w i Aeq L L L T v N L L Where: i ——Vehicle type (large, medium or small size); (L Aeq ) i ——Noise of i-type vehicle received at the predicred spot, dB; L w,i ——Noise made by i-type vehicle, dB; N i ——averaged hour traffic flow in day time or night time of i-type vehicles, veh/h; V i ——averaged speed of i-type vehicles, km/h; T ——predicted time of L Aeq , here is one hour; ce dis L tan D ——noise decrement of i-type vehical at the predicted spot, dB; profile L D ——revised noise caused by road longitude slope, dB; pavement L D —— revised noise caused by road surface. 2) The total Traffic noise of all the vehicles received at each predicted spot in day time or night is calculated with the following formula: () ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.1 0 .1 0.1 12 10lg 10 10 10 Aeq Aeq Aeq S L M L L L Aeq traffic LL L éù = + + -D -D êú ëû Where: 1 L D ——revised traffic noise caused by road curvature; 2 L D ——revised traffic noise caused by barriers between road and the predicted sopt. 3) Traffic noise in day time or night is calculated with the following formula: () ( ) ( ) 0.1 0.1 10lg 10 10 Aeq Aeq LL Aeq L éù =+ êú ëû Where: ( L Aeq ) ——traffic noise of the predicted spot, dB; ( L Aeq ) ——background value of the predicted spot, dB. The parameters in the formula is determined according to the Appendix E1.2 in Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (on trial) (JTJ 005-96). Results and analysis Page 79 According to the report of feasibility study and the project site investigation, the predicted results of traffic flow on Binjiang Road and Bingren Road are respectively listed in Table 2-6 and 2-9. The predicted results of traffic noise in daytime and nighttime during operation phase on each road are listed in Table 5-8 and 5-9 respectively. Predicted results of traffic noise in day Table 5-8 unit: dB Upper section of Binjiang Road Last section of Bingren Road \03 Distance between monitoring site and road center line (m) short term medium term long term short term medium term long term 20 52.05 \03 54.74 \03 56.76 \03 51.27 \03 52.00 \03 53.40 \03 30 49.99 \03 53.02 \03 54.98 \03 48.78 \03 49.41 \03 51.73 \03 40 48.99 \03 51.88 \03 53.79 \03 47.35 \03 48.39 \03 50.64 \03 60 47.72 \03 50.37 \03 52.18 \03 46.31 \03 47.20 \03 49.21 \03 Predicted results of traffic noise at night Table 5-9 unit: dB Upper section of Binjiang Road Last section of Bingren Road \03 Distance between monitoring site and road center line (m) short term medium term long term short term medium term long term 20 48.60 \03 50.57 \03 52.47 \03 48.45 \03 49.19 \03 50.26 \03 30 46.58 \03 48.61 \03 50.85 \03 46.42 \03 47.03 \03 47.99 \03 40 45.52 \03 47.71 \03 49.80 \03 45.36 \03 45.85 \03 46.81 \03 60 44.82 \03 46.62 \03 48.45 \03 44.30 \03 44.87 \03 45.86 \03 The predicted results of traffic noise on each sensitive spots in daytime and nighttime in different prediction periods are listed in Table 5-10 and 5-12 respectively. Predicted results of traffic noise on each sensitive spots in short term 2008 Table 5-10 unit: dB Subproject Sensitive spot Horizontal/ vertical distance between the first line of houses and the road center line (m) Noise in day exceeding value in day Noise at night exceeding value at night Reside ntial building of Panzhihua power generation Corp. 25/10 56.51 — 56.90 6.90 Binjiang Road Residential district of 501 Electricity factory 20/5 50.85 — 47.35 — Residential district of the precast slab factory 20/0 52.67 — 50.82 0.82 Bingren Road Residential building on the end of Bingren Road 15/0 54.15 — 51.78 1.78 Predicted results of traffic noise of each sensitive spots in medium term 2011 Table 5-11 unit: dB Subproj ect Sensitive spot Horizontal/ vertical distance between the first line of houses and the road center line (m) Noise in day exceeding value in day Noise at night exceeding value at night Page 80 Residential building of Panzhihua power generation Corp. 25/10 56.87 — 56.89 6.89 Upper section of Binjiang Road Residential district of 501 Electricity factory 20/5 54.06 — 48.15 — Residential district of the precast slab factory 20/0 53.49 — 51.27 1.27 Last section of Bingren Road Residential building on the end of Bingren Road 15/0 55.02 — 52.37 2.37 Predicted results of traffic noise of each sensitive spots in long term 2015 Table 5-12 unit: dB Subproject Sensitive spot Horizontal/ vertical distance between the first line of houses and the road center line (m) Noise in day exceeding value in day Noise at night exceeding value at night Residential building of Panzhihua power generation Corp. 25/10 57.24 — 57.05 7.05 Binjiang Road Residential district of 501 Electricity factory 20/5 56.12 — 50.71 0.71 Residential district of the precast slab factory 20/0 56.30 — 53.96 3.96 Bingren Road Residential building on the end of Bingren Road 15/0 58.15 — 55.21 5.21 The Class standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-1993) is adopted for the first line of houses of the sensitive spots. According to the predicted results, the noise in day won ’t exceed the standard during the short term of operation phase, but at night the noise on three spots will exceed the standard, and the exceeding values are between 0.82~6.90dB. In the medium term of operation phase, the noise in day won’t exceed the standard, but at night the noise on three spots will exceed the standard, and the exceeding values are between 1.27~6.89dB. In long term, the noise in day won’t exceed the standard, but at night the noise on all of the spots will exceed the standard, and the exceeding values are between 0.71~7.05dB. The noise of the residential building of the municipal power company will exceed standard most largely. The main cause of the noise exceeding is that, at present the noise on some sensitive spots has exceeded standard at night, for example, the exceeding value on the residential building of the municipal power company has reached 6.7dB, and the distances between the sensitive spots and roads are too close. Therefore, necessary measures should be taken to avoid or mitigate the impact. Ecological environment Terrestrial vegetation According to the project site survey, there are no known rare and precious plants within the assessement range. The main land type on the riverbanks from Xinzhuang Bridge to Jinjiang is weed and bush. Secondly, there are fields used for industry, traffic, business and residence, and bare rock beach place. The main land types along Bingren Road are farmland, weed and bush. According to project analysis, the main impact sources on Page 81 terrestrial vegetation are some construction activities such as roadbed excavation, tunnel excavation, explosion, and waste dumping. The preceding activities will directly destroy the terrestrial vegetation of riverbanks, nearby areas of the tunnel exits and both sides of roads. The area of farmland and garden occupied or destroyed by the proposed project will reach 34.79ha. Terrestrial animals The project is located in Panzhihua city, and there are few wild animals within the assessment range. There are some small common animals in the farmland along Bingren Road. The quantity of the animals maybe decreased because of the construction of the project, and the animals may migrate to other habitats. But after the construction, the species will recover, and the species diversity won ’t be affected. Landscape During the operation phase, some construction activities such as waste dumping, field occupying will have adverse impact on the landscape of the construction field. After the construction of the project, the operation of the landscape project will beautify city environment, advance city image and improve human living environment. Soil erosion Soil erosion analysis Main part project (1) Riverbank slope protection project The construction field is the main place where soil erosion occurred seriously. Slope excavation within the construction field is the main factor of soil erosion. During the operation phase, there’s no much soil erosion because that there are no new- produced waste dumping and earth's surface destroying, so the soil erosion in the Jinsha River watershed will be decreased. (2) Road subproject During the operation of the proposed road, as the road surface will be totally hardened, there won't be much soil erosion. Some slope protected by project measures won't bring soil erosion under normal circumstances. Before the plant measures display their conservation function completely during roadbed construction phase, slight soil erosion will occur under the scour of rain and runoff. But it will be controlled and decreased with the growth of plant and the increase of cover rate. Therefore, soil erosion of the proposed road will occur principally during the construction phase. 1) Roadbed excavation and filling During construction phase, the roadbed excavation and filling will spoil original physiognomy along the roads. It directly leads the destroyance of original vegetation and soil structure, making the anti-erosion ability decreased, and creating condition for much more soil erosion. Page 82 During the designing period, the road routes have been optimized, so the highfilling and deep excavating road sections are little. But these road sections are the main area of soil erosion during the construction phase. 2) Construction of bridge and tunnel The excavation of abutment foundation and tunnel portal will spoil earth’s surface in a range, and the vegetation and soil structure will be destroyed seriously, leading the anti- erosion ability fall. The proposed bridges includes the bridge between Dukou Bridge and Dukou Hanging Bridge of Binjiang Road, and the two bridges at K9+865~K10+075 and K10+135~ K10+285 of Bingren Road. The tunnels mainly include Dusongshuliangzi Tunnel and Basiqing Tunnel. As the scale of the project road and the excavation quantity are small, the quantity of soil erosion is also little. (3) Interceptor and trunk sewers The sewers will be buried underground deeply and the excavation earth is used for filling mainly, so the quantity of permanent waste and the soil erosion caused by the waste is little. There is little soil erosion during the temporary piling of the excavation earth, but it doesn’t last long time and the quantity is little. (4) Landscape project This project includes four pieces of concentrated leisure green lands, which will be built at broad bank areas. The operation of landscape projects will decrease the quantity of soil erosion, but a little soil erosion will occur during the construction phase inevitably. These part of soil erosion is to little to be neglected because of the small construction size. Resettlement The construction of the project will cause resettlement. During the resettlement course, some activities such as building houses will occupy and destroy soil structure and surface vegetation, and create condition for soil erosion. In order to decrease the soil ersion, mitigation measures need to be taken. Borrow pits The sand materials will be exploited from the Jinsha River. The Jinsha River is the river with high SS concentration. Soil erosion will occur inevitably during the exploitation course and mitigation measures should be taken. Construction waste disposal fields The construction waste brought by the riverbank environment improved subproject will be transported to the two building rubbish fields in Panzhihua. So the waste won’t have impact on soil erosion of the construction area. The construction waste of Bingren Road is large, and seven waste fields have been planned. The main forms of soil erosion of waste dreg fields are surface erosion and local collapse. At the early days after waste field formed, the waste is relaxed and the surface is bare totally. The earth will slip easily by outside force and soil erosion will occur seriously. Page 83 Three or four years later, waste fields will be more and more stable, and some weed will grow on local surface of waste field. Hence the waste fields will be comparative steady, soil erosion will be mitigated obviously. Auxiliary projects Auxiliary projects are comprised of construction plant, warehouse system and temporary piling field. During the construction phase, the cover of these temporary building would decrease the quantity of soil erosion. After the construction is completed, the temporary building will be demolitioned, and the quantity of soil erosion of the bare occupied area will increase. Prediction range and period The prediction ranges of soil erosion include the construction area and the directly affected area. The construction area can be divided into permanent occupied area and temporary occupied area. The permanent occupied area by the main works is 37.23 ha. Asphalt concrete mixing field, construction area and temporary road will occupy 8.0 ha land temporarily, and the area occupied by waste field is 13.27 ha. The total is 58.5 ha. The directly affected area includes the affected area along Bingren Road and the resettlement area. The affected area of Bingren Road is estimated to be 3.36ha. The other sections of the proposed road go through the town areas occupied by houses, so it is better not to be involed in the directly affected area. According to the characteristics of soil erosion of the proposed project, construction phase is the emphasis of soil erosion prediction. The construction phase is 2.5 years, from Jan., 2006 to Aug, 2008. Taking 1 year of operation phase into consider, the prediction period of soil erosion is 3.5 years. Prediction content Area of disturbed original topography, soil and vegetation This project will disturb and destroy original soil sturcture mainly within the range of construction area, consisting of the area permanently occupied by riverbank protection project, roads, trunk sewers and landscape project, and also the area temporarily occupied by borrow pits, waste field, and construction area, etc. (1) Permanent occupied area This part of area are mainly occupied by road surface, roadbed, bridge, culvert, drainage ditch, safety facility, traffic managing facility, parking facility, road maintenance facility, and green installation, etc. The total occupied area is 37.23 ha. and the main types are disturbance and occupying. (2) Temporary occupied area The part of area are mainly occupied by borrow pits, waste field, construction area, and temporary road, and the total occupied area is 21.27 ha. The occupied types are disturbance and molding landform again. According to the statistic analysis, the area of disturbed and destroyed surface is 58.5 ha. The permanent occupied area is 37.23 ha. and the temporary occupied area is 21.27ha.. Page 84 The area of occupied, disturbed and destroyed is listed in Table 5-13. Area of occupied, disturbed and destroyed original surface Table 5-13 \03 Type of occupied area Occupied area ha. Paddy field 10.47 Dry land 22.82 Irrigable land 1.18 Woodland 0.07 Gardent 0.25 Permanent occupied area Others 2.44 Paddy field 2.16 Dry land 6.77 Woodland 2.57 Garden plot 1.77 Temporary occupied area Others 8 Total 58.5 Prediction of destroyed facilities with water conservation function According to the project site survey and collected data, the facilities with the function of water conservation in the project area mainly consist of farmland, woodland and weed bush area, etc. By the investigation and analysis, the area is 48.06 ha. Details are listed in Table 5-14. Statistic table of destroyed facilities with water conservation function Table 5-14 \03 Type of occupied area Occupied area h a. Paddy field 12.63 Dry land 29.59 Irrigable land 1.18 Woodland 2.64 Garden 2.02 Total 48.06 Predicted method (1) Construction phase 1) Prediction on soil erosion brought by earth surface disturbing The quantity of soil erosion brought by earth surface disturbance would be the quantity diffenrce before and after construction. The formulary is as follows: Q Q Q a - = Where: T M F Q ´ ´ = T M F Q ´´ = Where: Page 85 a Q üü The quantity of soil erosion brought by construction (t); Q üü The quantity of soil erosion before construction (t); Q üü The quantity of soil erosion after construction (t); M üü Original erosion coeffient (t/ km 2 · a); ' M üü Erosion coeffient after construction (t/ km 2 · a); F üü Erosion area (km 2 ); T üü Predicted period (a). The results are listed in Table 5-15. Predicted results of soil erosion brought by construction disturbance Table 5-15 Subproject Erosion area(ha) Original soil erosion quantity(t) Quantity of soil erosion during construction(10,000t) Quantity of erosion(10,000t) Binjiang Road 9.11 125.6 0.05 0.04 Construction district of roadbed 23.0 0.56 Temporary occupied district 6.0 0.10 Bingren Road District occupied by waste field 13.27 2691 13.65 14.05 Incline retaining wall 6.93 0.013 0.081 0.068 Gravitation retaining wall 30.5 0.057 0.115 0.058 Riverbank protection project Skeleton slope protection 6.15 0.012 0.023 0.011 Interceptor and trunk sewers 5.78 108.4 0.038 0.027 Total 100.74 0.363 14.617 14.254 2) Prediction on soil erosion of waste field The predicted formula is as follows: 2 1 () n ii i WS a T =´ ´ å Where: W 2 ——Quantity of soil erosion (t); S i ——Volume of accelerated erosion (amounting to t); a i ——ratio between erosion and waste, assumed to take 12%; T i ——Construction period (a). By computation, the quantity of soil erosion brought by waste is 142,500 m 3 , equal to 322,700 t. 3) Prediction on soil erosion in the directly affected area Page 86 The soil erosion in the directly affected area includes the soil collapse during slope excavation, and the decreased water conservation function caused by the vegetation destroyance by human. Because the impact degree and range is limited, the prediction would not be concerned in this report. (2) Operation phase According to the analysis of analogy projects, the erosion quantity in the first year of operation phase is 5 percent of construction phase, accounting to 23,300 t. The above results show that during the whole prediction period and without taking any protection measures, the maximum possible soil erosion is 488,500 t. Prediction result and analysis In summary, the area of dusturbed and destroyed original earth and vegetation is 58.5 ha., and the area of destoryed facilities with water conservation function is 48.06 ha. During the whole prediction period, the maximum possible soil erosion is 488,500 t in the condition that no protection measures taken. Water conservation works should be regarded highly during construction phase. Engineering measures and plant measures should be adopted in the construction area, and waste field should be protected as an emphasis point. Soil erosion should be decreased to the lowest degree, and the eco-environment of construction area and circumjacent area should be improved evidently. Solid waste impact assessment The total quantity of earth-rock excavation is about 1129,500 m 3 , with 354,000 m 3 of backfilling, and 775,500 m 3 construction wastes. Nine waste disposal fields are planned for this project. Among them, two waste fields are building rubbish fields in Panzhihua for compensate use, and there is no soil erosion impact responsible for the proposed project. The other seven waste fields are located along last section of Bingren Road, and their main environmental impact is that they will increase soil erosion. So water conservation works of the waste fields should be done well to prevent soil erosion. Assumed each constructor produces 1.0 kilogram rubbish every day, the density of which is proposed to be 0.8t/m 3 , the total amount will be about 2281.3 m 3 during the construction phase. All the rubbish will be sent to the municipal rubbish landfills for final disposal. During the operation phase, there will be little rubbish generated by drivers, passengers, walkers or residents along the roads. The rubbish should be collected and sent to municipal landfills for final disposal. At the same time, citizen consciousness of environmental protection should be strengthened. Social environment Impact on traffic Most of the proposed roads are new projects. There exists no direct traffic impact on the existing traffict system during construction phase. But the transportation trucks used for constructuion will increase, which will deteriorate the traffic status, and be likely to result in traffic jam and road facilities being destroyed. After the project completed, the traffic condition of Panzhihua will be improved greatly. Page 87 Impact on public health During construction phase, exotic construction troop maybe bring exotic illness. If the builder comes from the region where the infection happens frequently, he may bring in the infection and cause acute infections in vogue, such as ague. Impact on local economy and living quality The project construction can not only bring direct revenue for the city, but also promote the correlative indurstry such as transportation trade, raw materials processing, etc. In the construction area, with the begining of the project, the builders swarm into the city, and the number of trucks will increase, which will stimulate the development of Panzhihua ’s commodity economy greatly. During operation phase, the riverbank slope protection project will beautify the city’s circumstance and improve living environment. The status of traffic jam will be mitigated, and there will be more spaces for city development. Moreover, the value of the land along the road will rise, so the real estate development will be promoted. All of this will accelerate the sustainable development and prosperity of Panzhihua City. Furthermore, the construction of the last section of Bingren Road will make the extenal transpotation more convieniance for the housing estate along the road, such as Fenghuang, Hugang and Baihua, etc. After the road built, contact between Bingcaogang District and Duren District will be strengthened. Some rural people will transform to be urban residents, for the development of Renhe. Consequently, the project can advance citizen’s living quality. Analysis of environmental risks During the operation period, the accidental risks will mainly come from the dangerous goods transporting such as inflammable, explosive and poisonous goods, etc. It is investigated that the main dangerous cargo on the local road includes fuel, liquid gas, and industrial chemicals and so on. The main risks are the explosion and leak caused by collision and pouring accident, which can threaten the water and ambient air environment. Some proposed roads will be built along the Jinsha River. If such accidents occur, the leaked dangerous chemicals may be discharged to the water area, and the safety of the water user would be threatened. Effective measures should be taken to prevent the preceding accidents and risks. Page 88 Resettlement Index of the affected Only the Binjiang Road subproject and Bingren Road subproject involve resettlement, and there are 2 districts, 2 towns, 2 villages and 3 groups to be affected. The total area of land acquisition is 37.23ha. which 171 households and 648 persons are affected. The quantity of land temporarily used is 8 ha. The floor space of house demolition is 7.28ha, which includes 3.35 ha farmhouses, 1.39 ha residential houses, 2.54 ha. non-residential houses. The affected area by demolition includes 116 farm households, 229 town households, 9 enterprises, 3587 scatted trees and power line, telecommunication line, optic cable, canal, water pipe, oil pipeline and country road. Details are listed in Table 6-1 and Table 6-2. Affected rural people Table 6-1 Land requisition only, no demolish Demolish only, no land requisition Demolish and Land requisition Total Group household People household People household People household People Yuejin 51 155 12 18 15 22 78 280 Huaguo 45 246 16 24 61 270 NO. 2 13 36 60 225 73 261 Total 96 401 41 78 75 247 212 811 Note: from the ‘Resettlement planning of the World Bank financed Panzhihua environment improvement project’ Summary table of demolition Table 6-2 building structure District Town Village Group Brick- concrete Brick and wood Earth-wood Others Total (ha.) Yuejin 2508.7 2096.65 3270.42 0.79 Renhe Renhe Renhe Huaguo 3994.31 1143.59 8731.32 1.39 DongchengYinjiang Shaba No. 2 7303.59 2027.06 1024.72 1429.19 1.18 Total farm house 13806.6 5267.3 13026.46 1429.19 3.35 Resident house 13873 1.39 Enterperises 15823.4 7779.92 1834.79 2.54 Total 43503 13047.22 13026.46 3263.98 7.28 Objective of resettlement plan The general objective is that the affected people can find way out for the production, the labor force can be arranged properly, their production and living condition will be improved or will not worse than before at least. Based on the living level in 2004 and the Eleventh Five-year plan of economic and social development, the goal of the resettlement planning is: (1) The family-averaged pure income of the resentments should retain to the level before affected. (2) The public infrastructure, education, health, social welfare, environment and transportation condition should be improved than before. The ratio for children enrollment and basic medication should keep the former level. Page 89 Resettlement principle (1) The planning should be made based on the substantial norm of land acquisition and demolition, and in accordance with the compensation and subsidy standard. (2) The resettlement should combine with the local construction, resource exploitation, economic development and environmental protection. The rehabilitation program should be made according to the local conditions, providing chance and qualification for self- developing to the immigrant. (3) The planning is made based on the principle of ‘befit to production, convenience to life’. (4) According to the principle that the scale and standard of the rehabilitation should be maintained originally, the scale can be enlarged and the standard can be raised reasonably combining with the local development. The investment for the long-term development plan should be solved by the local government and relating departments. (5) \03 Unified planning with due consideration for all concerned, deal with the relationship between nation, group and individual properly. (6) Combine the compensation in the earlier period with the production assistance in the later period. Resettlement planning guideline The guideline of the resettlement is as follows: Respect the habit and the custom of the resettled residents, fully consider their wishes and keeping their original production and living way. Combine with the local land resource and natural resources, plot land for those who keep on farming in the rural areas, and encourage developing cultivation. Provide conditions for those who are engaged in the second and third industry combining with the local district plan. The people who have the farmland less than 0.4 Mu per capita will be arranged as urban citizens. The plan must guarantee that the resettlements have enough living material firstly and then have future development potential. Make full use of the local resource, encourage the resettlements to be creative and to develop, and in the end, maintain the long-term peace as long as possible. Resettlement scheme Resettlement scheme for land acquisition There are two kinds of resettlement ways for land acquisition, which are inner farmland adjusting and rural to urban arrangement. Among the affected groups, the Huaguo group whose per capita farmland is more than 0.03ha (0.4Mu), will adopt the first way. The other groups, Yuejin and Shaping, whose per capita farmland is less than 0.03ha (0.4Mu) will adopt the second way. Resettlement scheme for land acquisition \03 Table 6-3 group scheme content Page 90 Huaguo Inner farmland adjusting per capita farmland is more than 0.03ha (0.4Mu) ¾\03 inner farmland adjusting ¾\03 reclaim wasteland ¾\03 raise production and qulity ¾\03 training and improve their skill Yuejin Group2, Shaba village Rural to urban arrangement per capita farmland is little than 0.03ha (0.4Mu) ¾\03 cash compensation ¾\03 assistance (1) insurance (2) training (3) labor output Resettlement scheme for demolition Urban demolition All of the urban affected houses are the staff buildings of the affected enterprises, and are built in 1970s. There are 229 households, 300 people, with only 20~30m 2 per family. All the houses are brick-concrete structure with old style layout and bad facilities. The resettlement scheme is as follows: (1) Cash compensation The affected people buy houses by themselves, which the people with economic difficulties buy second-hand house or rent house. (2) Centralized resettlement Provide infrastructure and enough economic houses. Details are listed in Table 6-4. Urban residential building demolition statistics \03 Table 6-4 residential building of enterprises and institutions household house structure area (m 2 ) The municipal public transportation corporation 38 Brick-concrete 1320 Nantai corporation 41 Brick-concrete 2705.84 Hydrological station 40 Brick-concrete 1117.2 Panxi ecological medication cooperation 32 Brick-concrete 2396.27 Nineteenth metallurgical machinery factory 30 Brick-concrete 3935.69 The second construction corporation 48 Brick-concrete 2398 Total 6 229 13873 Rural resettlement There are 116 rural households affected by demolition. The resettlement scheme is as follows: (1) Decentralized way Plot house site by the local government and build house by farmers. (2) Centralized way Centralized allocate new rural region, provide infrastructures by the local government and build houses by farmers. Page 91 Resettlement scheme for enterprise demolition There are 9 enterprises and institutions affected by demolition. Details are listed in Table 6-5. Enterprises and institutions demolition statistics Table 6-5 enterprises and institutions characteristics scheme Panxi ecological medication cooperation enterprises Nineteenth metallurgical machinery factory State-owned The municipal public transportation corporation State-owned Nantai corporation private-owned Hydrological station institutions Jinsha park institutions Panzhihua branch bureau, Changjiang afforestation bureau State-owned Mechanical branch corporation of Pangang State-owned Lunan community, Dahebeilu institutions Total 9 All of the affected enterprise will be resettled in the Nanshan industrial park in Renhe district. The park lies in the center of Renhe district and near the west section of Duren road, 6km away from downtown area. All the institutions are resettled nearby as far as possible. Environmental capacity analysis of resettlement area Natural condition and land resource The land acquisition comes from three groups. After acquisition, their per capita farmland is nearly 0.14~0.16 Mu. The people whose farmland is less then 0.4 Mu will be changed to urban residence. The affected area is located in the suburbia of the city. Therefore the natural condition can not be the restrict factor affecting the environmental capacity. Characteristic of the resettlements and relationship between people and land The relationship among the farmers is very close in agglomeration. In order not to affect the habit, custom and social relationship, and not to enlarge the distance of planting, the resettlements should be arranged nearby, mainly engaged in cultivating as before. By reclaiming the wasteland, improving the agricultural infrastructure and adjusting the agricultural structure, the agricultural potential will be developed. Furthermore, a lot of affected people are businessman who gets profit mainly from trading and serving. The construction will not affect their customs seriously; on the contrary, it will provide more chance to them. Therefore, with the backing of the land, encourage people to be creative and engage in their primary job, and create chance for the development of the second and third industry. The environmental capacity will be fulfill in the affected area. \03 Condition of production and living infrastructure Transportation condition The construction will make the journey more convenient and accelerate the circulation of cargo and people, which will greatly promote the local economic development. The implementation of the resettlement planning will improve the living environment and infrastructure. Therefore the traffic will not become the restricted factor of environmental capacity. Page 92 Water condition The groundwater level is high in the affected area. The residents in villages and groups use water from wells. The residents in towns have already used the tap water. Because of the convenience in water supply, the construction will not affect the residents to use water. Therefore, the water quantity and source will not be the restricted factor for environmental capacity. The production and living condition will be improved along with the economic development in this area. Power condition The affected electricity transmission and transformation system will be rebuilt according to the original standard and the power supply will not be affected by the project construction. Medical, cultural and educational condition The project does not directly affect the medical, educational and other social service facility. The original facility will continue to function. The pedestrian passageways will be set by the project near the medical spots and schools, so the resident will not feel any inconvenience. Fuel supply The inhabitant takes the coal as the main fuel. The land acquisition impact on villages and towns is little, and will not affect their coal supply. After the completion of the construction, the improvement of the traffic will make the fuel buying more convenience. \03 Economic development and its potential in the affected area Planting is the mail profession in the affected villages and their economic development is normal. In the future development, the area should make the full use of resource and traffic improvement. By suiting measures to local conditions, develop the production more widely, strengthen the technique investment and intelligence developing, their production and living level can be raised. Promote the comprehensive development of agricultural, afforestry, pasture, industry, business and transport by making use of the land resource, raising the living standard of the resettlements. The environmental capacity will increase with the economic development. \03 Resettlement planning Production and living rehabilitation plan Production rehabilitation plan The project resettlement group first analyzed every village and groups ’ geography position, land resource capacity and the constitution of the residents’ income. They also solicited the represents’ opinion of the affected families. Based on respecting majority immigrant’s choice, the project resettlement group established the rehabilitation plan with the local government. According to the laws and regulation of China and Sichuan province, the resettlements who are compensated by cash will receive the whole subsidy of the land acquisition. The land compensation will be shared by the village and group, which is used in farmland infrastructure construction and other collective welfares. Because the rehabilitation plan is based on the majority resettlements’ opinion, the project coordination office will manage to find other solution measure if there are individual resettlements who does not agree with Page 93 the plan. If the individual resettlements who are compensated by cash have the wish of farm engaging, the office will help them to replace farmland from the people who doesn ’t want to farm. Otherwise, if the resettlements are willing to be compensated by cash and change to do business, they may obtain the corresponding cash compensation on the condition that they have the foundation and ability to do business. Living rehabilitation plan According to the resettlements’ opinion and local condition, make the negative effect as little as possible. All of the resettlements are arranged in the original social area, and the construction should combine with the local layout. The new house should be built first, avoiding temporary transition house. In the land adjusting process, the poor farmers’ land will not be adjusted to guarantee their original condition. Basic facility planning for resettlement area Level ground Because of the flat topography of the house site, the quantities of the foundation treatment are not much. The average basic depth for brick-concrete and brick-wood house is 0.5m. The cost for the ground level has contained in the unit price of the house. Public engineering (1) Water supply All the residents in town and city have used tap water and people from village mostly use water by drilling well or storage pit. The affected farmer will be compensated by the detailed survey. To the residents who have used tap water before, the distance from total water pipe to new house should be less than 20 m. (2) Power supply The capability of the electricity system can fulfill the demand for resettlements. The 220V line need to be accessing. The distance between the user is 50~200m. (3) Broadcast and television The broadcast will be led in from the household nearby; the television receiving instrument can also be re-installed in the new house. Road and traffic According to the resettlements’ wish, they all hope to be resettled near the original inhabitant. Convenient traffic is the first choice when they choose the place. So the resettlement house will be arranged along the new road where is close to their original inhabits. It not only solves the traffic problem, but also creates condition for their production and living rehabilitation. 5~30m short cut need to be built which connects the road and house. The cost for ground flatting, shortcut building and water, power, broadcast connecting has been counted into the house price with the standard of 1000yuan per household. It should be paid from the resettlements’ compensation expense. Social service facility The land acquisition does not include school and hospital. The resettlements still have the Page 94 original facility like school, medical room and commercial stores. The distance between the new residential area and the facilities is the same as before. Community management and construction of immigrant ’s house The immigrants do not move outside the original community, so the existing administration system doesn’t change. The house building for immigrant must consider not only the living habit but also future developing space. The demolition and construction must be done on their own opinions. The compensation is based on structure and floor area of the original house. The expense is equal to the cost of buying a suit of same house. The cash will allocate step by step according to the construction progress. The distance between the new and former houses is less than 500m, so the immigrants can put the demolition work behind the new house building, and live in the former house during new house construction, avoiding temporary house. Organization and management of resettlement The implementation of the resettlement will be led by the Project Resettlement Leader Group. The Project Resettlement Office will also be founded whose staff comes from related departments. The office is responsible for the plan making and resettlement propaganda and mobilization. Meanwhile, the office is the main complaint channel for immigrants. The office must collect the opinions promptly and fully, and reflects them to the higher authority on time. It must also feedback the solving result. In order to improve the technical skill and comprehensive quality for the immigrant, increase the scientific input to the agriculture, the resettlement office and related departments of the region will organize scientific activities, give lectures about law and agricultural knowledge and supply free technical support for the immigrant. Environmental impact analysis Impact on immigrant’s living condition The immigrants ’ original living condition is different. The structures of the urban demolition houses are brick- concrete, while some rural demolition house are brick and wood. Many demolition houses are aged, small, congested and without modern facilities such as toilet, sewerage pipe etc. Rural houses will be resettled in the vicinity of the original houses, and turban residence will purchase second-hand or new economic houses. In resettlement district, basic facilities and environmental condition will be better. So immigrant’s living condition will be improved evidently. Impact on immigrant ’s economic income and living quality The affected area by land acquisition involves 3 rural groups, 212 rural households, 811 rural persons, 229 urban households and 300 urban persons. The area of land acquisition is 34.79 ha, including cultivated land, gardening and forest. The decrease of local cultivated land will have adverse impact on farmers’ economic income. Production rehabilitation program will be adopted. The group whose farmland is less than 0.4 Mu per capita, will be arranged as urban residence. The affected farmers may engage in business or find job in other districts, and their income and living quality will be better. Page 95 However, because of their poor cultural level and skill, the rural residents may not be adapted to the new working environment and it is possible to lose job again. By some measures such as training and purchasing insurance, the adverse impact or risk will be minimized. Impact on enterprises ’ production The affected productive enterprise will be resettled in the Nanshan industrial park in Renhe District. The park lies in the center of Renhe district and near the west section of Duren road, 6km away from city downtown. According to the city plan, the park is a centralized area for productive enterprises. The enterprises moved in will acquire better development space and conditions. Centralized the productive enterprises is beneficial to develop circulation economy mode. Consequently, it is favorable for reducing the quantity and costs of the waste processing for individual enterprise. It is not only good for the development of enterprise itself, but also for the environmental pollution control over the whole city. All the un-productive enterprise will be resettled nearby. In the long run, the normal work of these institutions will not be affected by the project. In early days of resettlement, enterprise ’s normal production will be affected due to their address changing, which may make the customers feel inconvenient. As a whole, as long as the resettlement work is carried out well, the project construction will not cause the much adverse impacts on the enterprises. \03 Impact analysis on environment brought by resettlement After the project construction, the main environmental impact sources in resettlement areas are living sewage and rubbish. Corresponding infrastructures and servicing facilities including sewage disposal system will be established in new urban resettlement areas. The immigrants will enjoy the community management and all rights of city community inhabitant. The living sewage and rubbish produced by the residents will go into the corresponding treatment systems in Panzhihua City, which won’t pollute the environment any more. The living sewage of the rural immigrants may be used as feedstuff or fertilizer, and the rubbish will be collected and treated in corresponding treatment systems in Panzhihua City. Therefore, as long as the mitigation measures are done well, the environmental impact brought by resettlement is little. But water conservation should be done well during building construction. Page 96 Environment Protection and Impact Mitigation Measures Water Environment Protection Measure Protection objective The waste water produced in construction mainly contains SS, according to the sewage drainage standard of Class , the SS concentration of construction sewage should be controlled less than 70mg/L. Protection Measure during Construction Phase Treatment of Construction wastewater The waste water mainly comes from the concrete mixing system. According to the construction plan, although the scale of concrete mixer is small and the waste water is the swashing wastewater, the concentration of suspended solids is high and it needs to be sedimented before discharge or recycle. The treatment measure for construction waste water is to use rectangle sedimentation pond. The swashing wastewater should be disposed no less than 6 hours in the sedimentation pond before discharge. The outlet of pond is designed with mobility facility in order to clean and adjust it easily. Because of the unified structure and small scale of the concrete mixing pond, all the deposit ponds are designed as 2.0m h 2.0m h 1.5m tentatively. Because of the simple structure of the sedimentation pond without the problem of maintenance, the major attention should be paid to the cleaning of the sedimentation pond on time during operation. The management and maintenance work should be combined with that of the concrete mixing system. No special department and workers is needed. Other Measures (1) It is better to chose advanced equipment and machine to decrease the production of oil sewage. The maintenance of equipment, machine and vehicle depends on the present garages and field in Panzhihua city and it doesn ’t need to setup garage additionally and the sewage would be disposed by the garages in the city. (2) The living sewage will be drained into the city sewers or nearby toilet to irrigate farmland during construction phase. (3) The construction material such as asphalt, oil, chemicals should not be piled along the riverbank. The material should be covered and managed by special person, preventing it from washing down into the river. (4) The construction area should be arranged far away from the water intakes along the Jinsha River, especially 1000m away form that of the Panzhihua city waterworks. (5) The construction of bridge piers should progress in dry season. If it has to be constructed in flood season, make sure to get the consent of water conservancy department, and build cofferdam and other guard measure. (6) After the exploitation of the sand on the bottomland along the Jinsha River, it is necessary to level off and dredge the river course, and keep the mud and sand from polluting the river. Page 97 Protection Measures during Operation Phase (1) The construction of Qingxiangping WWTP should be completed and put into operation with the sewers at the same time to avoid the impact brought by the centralized wastewater discharge. (2) Enhance the management of the established WWTP, and keep the accidental discharge from polluting the surface water. (3) It is forbidden to set new sewage discharge outlet in the range of 1000m upper stream of the water intake. Air Environment Protection Measures Protection Target Control the emission quantity of air pollution during construction phase, improve the condition of construction site; protect the air environment quality of the living area and the residential sensitive receptors nearby. The air environment quality of sensitive receptors should meet the National Environmental Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) Class . Protection Measures during Construction Phase Mitigation and Control of Dust Pollution (1) Mitigation and control of dust pollution 1) Machine management Make sure the exhaust emission of construction machine and conveyances meet the national applicable standards. Enhance maintenance for the vehicle and keep them in well operation condition. 2) Mitigation to dust pollution Because of the dry climate, four sprinklers should be equipped and sprinkle water in the dry day to mitigate the dust pollution. 3) Protection to operators Measures such as wearing respirator and so on should be taken to protect the operators who are affected mostly in construction. (2) Mitigation and control of the dust pollution at deposit site 1) It should work by rule while loading and unloading, and prohibit strictly throwing the material into the air to cause dust pollution. 2) The deposit site should be covered and sprinkled water on the surface, and it should sprinkling during the demolition of the building in order to mitigate the dust pollution. (3) Mitigation to the traffic dust 1) Transported vehicle should be covered and protected, to prevent the material from spilling and causing dust pollution. 2) Maintain and clean the road regularly, in order to keep the road function well. Page 98 3) Improve the method of road sweeping, adopt the wet method instead of the dry method, and use road sweeper instead of manual work. 4) Combine with the water conservation measures, planting trees at both sides of the road especially at the nearby sensitive spots to reduce dust pollution. Besides, the construction department should reserve special fund in the budgetary for the mitigation to dust pollution. The road and material deposit site should be reinforced and the construction sites should be enclosed, and the height of the barrier should be firmly, steadily, neatly, and not less than 2m. The scaffold should be enclosed with dense safety net, and the height should be 1.5m higher than the scaffold. The net should be cleaned regularly. Mitigation to the Asphalt Smoke 1) The asphalt mixer should be located at least 100m leeward away from the sensitive receptors. 2) Adopt insulated mixing technique in plant which equipped with dust cleaning facilities. Transport asphalt to paving field in heat-isolated or high-temperatured containers. Protection Measures in Operation Phase (1) According to the local eco-environment programming and the water conservation measure, arbor and shrub should be planted at both side of the road especially nearby the sensitive receptors to decontaminate the exhaust gas and dust and beautify the environment of the road surface. (2) Enhance management of the vehicle which transporting incompact material, and make sure it is sealed by cover with cloth and so on. (3) Enhance maintenance and management of the tunnel in the last section of Bingren road; examine and repair the ventilation and lighting equipments regularly; set striking signs at the entrance; make sure that nocuous gas monitoring equipments and fire protection system function well. (4) Supported by Panzhihua Municipal Party Committee and local government, Panzhihua Exhaust Gas Pollution Prevention Centre was founded in November 2003. It takes charge of the coordination and management of exhaust gas pollution prevention specially. The centre enhances the drumbeating of the harm caused by exhaust gas and the significance of prevention. It strength the force in checking and executing, and takes examine every year. At the same time, the basic prevention technique should depend on the inspecting and maintaining system. And it requires both the gas and diesel vehicles to equip the exhaust examining instruments, enhancing the testing and maintaining to vehicle. Considering the high altitude and mountain landform, Panzhihua brought in turbocompressor technique to mitigate the pollution of diesel exhaust gas. The results show that the vehicles equipped with the compressor function well, and the percentage of smoke in exhaust gas descends in a high degree, which meet the applicable national standard. Furthermore, it can save fuel and enhance power. The prevention and protection ability of exhaust gas still need to be enhanced to a new step in Panzhihua City. It will take various measures to reduce vehicle exhaust gas, such as enhance the drumbeating of the harm cause by exhaust gas and the significance of prevention, and use compressed natural gas clean fuel in city bus, taxi and so on, Page 99 enhance monitoring and management of vehicle exhaust gas, forbid the unqualified vehicle running on the road. (5) The transportation of dangerous material should be managed in light of national laws and regulations. Acoustic Environment Protection Measures Protection Target The acoustic environment should meet the Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523- 90) in construction area, and the noise limits are respectively 75dB(A) and 55dB(A) in daytime and nighttime. The acoustic environment of every sensitive receptor should meet the Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93) Class in operation phase, and the noise limits are respectively 60dB(A) and 50dB(A) in daytime and nighttime. Acoustic environment protection measures during construction phase (1) Construction department should choose the machine with low noise which meets national standards. (2) Enhance the maintenance and management of equipments, and keep the machine lubricating in order to mitigate operation noise. (3) The machine with large vibration should be fixed on the base with shock absorber to decrease noise. (4) Avoid blasting at night and prohibit violent blasting. (5) Forbid construction at night especially near the residential area. If it is necessary, construction can continue with noise and intensity restriction by consent of the environmental protection department. And some provisional measures should be taken such as set wooden sound insulation board when the construction is inevitable. (6) It should set traffic signs at main construction sections to limit the speed below 20km in order to avoid noise pollution caused by traffic jam. Meanwhile, keep the road surface under good maintenance and function well. According to the mitigation measures of traffic impact, 14 traffic signs should be set respectively at both starting point and end point of upper section of Binjiang Road, the last section of Bingren Road, two sides of the Midi bridge, the Dukou Bridge, the Xinzhuang Bridge, and both starting point and end point of the trunk sewer of Qingxiangping WWTP, the Wushisigongli WWTP and the Bengcaogang WWTP. (7) The construction machines with heavy noise such as air-compressor should be installed inside room or the work area with barriers. (8) Combine with the water conservation measures, plant trees at periphery of construction area to enhance the mitigation to noise, planting trees in row at both sides of roads in construction area to mitigate noise impact during construction phase. (9) Locale supervision and management should be taken especially near the residential area. (10) Workers in construction site should be protected by crash helmet, earplug and so on. Page 100 Mitigation to Traffic Noise during Construction Phase Mitigation to Traffic Noise at Sensitive Spots According to the prediction results, the noise at Panzhihua City Power Company residential area in the upper section of Binjiang Road exceeded standard most heavily, and that of the living areas of the Precast Slab Factory and the residential areas at the terminal of Bingren Road exceeded a little. The exceeding value of each sensitive receptor can be seen in Table 5-8~5-11. (1) Noise mitigation measures 1) Greening scheme According to the Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (interim edition) (JTJ005-96) , the noise can be reduced 5dB when the receptors out of the sight behind the wood which is breadth of 30m with 4.5m height. This measure adapts to the sites which have enough space to plant trees and the exceeding of noise is not too much. In this project the sensitive receptors are too close to the proposed road, and there is not enough room to plant enough trees. So it can combine with main body design to setup greening belt to mitigate the noise impact to a certain extent. 2) Sound insulation glass scheme Because of the limited mitigation effect of greening scheme, the sensitive receptors such as residential area of Panzhihua Power Company, the housing estate of Precast Slab Factory and the residential areas at the terminal of Bingren Road should be fixed with sound insulation glass to mitigate the noise impact. According to the investigation and tentative statistic, the houses near the road of the sensitive receptors need 1364 pieces of sound insulation glass. The noise can be decrease by 6dB to 9dB after adopt the acoustic insulated glass scheme. (2) Summary After taking the mitigation measures above, those 4 sensitive receptors can meet the Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93) Class . Other Measures (1) Enhance traffic management to avoid the noise caused by traffic accidents and traffic jam. (2) Draw up corresponding traffic management regulations, enhance vehicle management at night, establish rational route for the heavy vehicle at night to reduce vehicle flux at concentrated residential area. (3) Setup traffic signs to forbid blowing at concentrated residential area. (4) Combine with main body design, set passerby partition guardrail beside the driveway, in order to reduce noise cause by whistle and brake when passerby across the road. Page 101 Eco-environment Protection Measures (1) Manage construction rationally and organize construction management carefully. Limit the construction area in the bound of expropriation land strictly. Mitigate the impact on the eco-environment as possible during the excavation. (2) Arrange construction season and work time rationally, optimize construction scheme, avoid construction and slope excavation in rainy season to minimize the soil erosion. (3) Enhance the recovery work of construction area and the ecological scenery. Water and Soil Conservation Measures Road Project According to road engineering criterion and the topography condition, a detailed water conservation plan has been made in the main construction design. It mostly includes roadbed retaining wall, drainage project and road surface project. The design can meet the demands of water conservation. Therefore, this part mainly emphasize on the design for greening measure. Greening Measures for Roadbed Slope (1) Seed Choose According to the ground condition of construction area, based on the characteristics such as the condition of plant root system, the height above ground, the capability of resistance to draught, heat, cold and leanness, congongrass and ryegrass are planned to choose for the slope protection. These grasses are advanced in root systems, of the capability of resistance to draught, heat, leanness, and even the cold. (2) Planting method Backfill soil in the masonry skeleton, and cover with the cloth after seed the congongrass and ryegrass in order to preserve heat and humid, and irrigate regularly to accelerate them burgeon and growth. (3) Seed quantity The seed quantity should be determined by the factors such as weight of the seed per kilo (2.74g), germination and purity rate of the seed. According to some relative materials, the quantity need for ryegrass and congongrass seed is 35g/m 2 , meaning 350kg seeds are needed in per hectare. Other Water Conservation Measure during Construction Phase In order to mitigate soil erosion in permanent occupied area during construction phase, based on the conditions of excavation section, filling section and both excavating and filling section, the following measures should be adopted during construction phase. (1) Observe the design report and construction plan strictly during construction; protect slope immediately after finished roadbed excavation, prevent the road surface from bareness. Page 102 (2) Construct cut-off ditch and drainage ditch of the excavation section firstly, reducing the surface scouring by the runoff. (3) Forbid high density explosion in large excavation area, to keep the stability of the mountain. If the excavation slopes are steep, it should take roadbed protection measure before the construction of road surface. (4) In construction phase, it is necessary to take temporary water conservation measures to the construction surface, such as drainage ditch, retaining wall, slope protection and so on to reduce soil erosion during construction phase. (5) Use cloth or other materials to cover excavation surface in rainy days in order to decrease erosion. Water and soil conservation measures of waste disposal fields The water conservation measure in this part is only designed for the seven waste disposal fields at last section of Bingren road. Engineering Measures The seven waste disposal fileds at last section of Bingren Road are settled along the road sides, and the height of the deposits are parallel to the road surface basically. Considering the waste disposal fileds are located at middle mountain area, the foot of the slope should be protected by the grouted rubble retaining wall. There is no retaining wall set for the No.3 waste disposal field, and the heights of the grouted rubble retaining wall of No.4 to No.9 waste disposal fields range from 2m to 6m. The engineering quantities of each waste disposal areas can be seen at Table 7-1. Because the waste disposal fields are located along the proposed road, and the drainage measure has been designed strictly in construction plan. The drainage of the waste disposal field can make use of the road drainage system, and it is unnecessary to design other drainage measure in this report. The deposits can use the drain hole on the grouted rubble retaining wall to drainage. The aperture of the drain hole is 10cm and the space is 2.5m. Engineering Quantity of Water Conservation Measure of Waste Disposal Areas Table 7-1 No. Length of the retaining wall m Excavation of drainage ditch m 3 M 7.5 grouted rubble drainage ditch m 3 M 10 grouted surface m 2 M 7.5 grouted rubble retaining wall m 3 Masonry slope protection (m 3 ) 3 — 521 335 670 — — 4 472 2084 468 936 4984 640 5 408 1380 180 360 4303 885 6 356 1165 135 270 3706.4 910 7 261 906 135 270 2804 585 8 235 807 108 216 2481.6 485 9 230 836 135 270 2429 395 Page 103 Greening Measures (1) Ground renovation measures 1) The main work is cleanning and flatting the top of the deposits, removing the waste such as larger gravels. 2) According to the planting density of each plant and ground condition, dig the hole for the plant. (2) Planting scheme Because of the short route and the analogous climate of each part of the project, besides the similarity of each waste disposal area, it can adopt unified plant and technique at these seven waste disposal areas in order to be convenient for the purchase and implement. 1) Plant choose According to the ground condition and the environment around, it can choose mango tree, Banyan and Boston Ivy for the greening measures. 2) Planting method In order to bring the maximum ecological and economic benefit, it should be designed scientifically for the forestation density, the mixed way and planting layout of trees. The planting method of the water conservation plant for the waste disposal fields at the last section of Bingren Road depend on the local forestation experience, the forestation purpose, and the behavior of the trees. Considering the particularity of water conservation, the forestation density can be increased properly. Based on behavior of the chosen trees, the mango tree or Banyan should be planted at the intervals of 2m in row and 1.5m in column, while the Boston ivy at the intervals of 1.5m both in row and in column. Details are shown in Table 7-2. Planting Density of Water Conservation at Waste Disposal Areas Table 7-2 Position Species of trees Row Spacing m The quantity of trees per ha. The quantity of nursery stock per ha. Remark Top Mango tree and DQ 2×1.5 3333 3666 Containing 10% complement Slope Surface Boston Ivy 1.5×1.5 4444 4888 Containing 10% complement The layout of trees should be arranged in rectangle style. Besides the necessary measures, it also should clean up the gravels or sundries and cultivate the earth before the planting in order to improve the ground condition. So as to reap the benefits such as ensuring water and soil conservation, convenient for construction, increasing survival rate of forestation and promoting the grass growing. The land soil for water conservation forest at Bingren Road should be prepared and ploughed block by Page 104 block, and the size of the planting hole of the mango tree and Banyan should be 40cm ×40cm×40cm, that of the Boston Ivy should be 30cm×30cm×30cm. 3) Planting technique It is better to plant nursery stock instead of seed by the project. The seeding of mango tree and Banyan should be with one year’s old, while the Boston Ivy be planted with nutrition pouch. The planting time should be the rainy season. 4) Requirement of the nursery stock In order to make full use of local resources, the construction department comes to an agreement with the forestry bureaus of Panzhihua City and Renhe Borough and decides to make use of the existing nursery near by the local forestry bureau to raise the nursery stocks. In order to ensure the planting survival rate, the nursery stock of the mango tree, Banyan and Boston Ivy should be well-bred and strong. The nursery stocks, which should meet the major species for afforestation (GB6000-8) class or , must have straight trunk and natural color and without trauma and plant diseases. It is must to keep humid and suitable temperature and against the sunshine during the transportation. And the nursery stocks should be planted immediately after arriving at the planting areas. 5) Nurture management measures The main task of the nurture management is to create favorable growing environment for the young plant, satisfying them with the sunshine, temperature, water, nurture and air. Furthermore, promote the growth of the trees and the forming of the trunk with suitable controlling. Meanwhile, protect the young plant form the damage of atrocious weather and human activity. The nurture management is much important to the survival rate, reserve rate and the growth of the young plant. The nurture management measures of the young plant mostly include loosening soil, weed killing, irrigation, fertilization, pruning and shaping. The Mango trees should be nurtured once a year during the first three years. 6) Engineering quantity of greening measure Engineering Quantity of Water Conservation about Waste Disposal fields Table 7-3 No. Species of Trees Ground Area ha. Planting Holes Quantity of trees Subtotal (ha.) Remark mango tree Banyan 0.5 1665 1833 3 Boston ivy 0.28 1244 1368 0.78 mango tree Banyan 1.8 6000 6600 4 Boston ivy 0.6 2666 2933 2.4 5 mango tree Banyan 2.7 8999 9899 3.54 The planting quantity contains 10% complement Page 105 Boston ivy 0.84 3733 4106 mango tree Banyan 2.1 6999 7669 6 Boston ivy 0.76 3377 3715 2.86 mango tree Banyan 1.1 3666 4033 7 Boston ivy 0.37 1644 1808 1.47 mango tree Banyan 0.85 2833 3116 8 Boston ivy 0.39 1733 1906 1.24 mango tree Banyan 0.7 2333 2566 9 Boston ivy 0.28 1244 1368 0.98 Water and soil Conservation Measures of Borrow Pit Because of the exploitation of the sand, the constitution of the gravel on the riverbed would be changed and the riverbed presents a kind of accidented form. Therefore, the borrow pits should be leveled and dredged before flood season during construction phase, in order to mitigate the erosion cause by the flood. Water Conservation Measures of Slope Protection Because the slope protection project can mitigate water erosion itself, necessary water conservation measures such as cut-off ditch, drainage ditch, water-intercepted wall etc. should be taken in construction phase. At the same time, the management of the water and soil conservation must be enhanced to prevent the construction activity form getting out of line. It should be prohibited from discarding waste into river, and some punitive measures should be established against such activity. Water and soil conservation measures of interceptor and trunk sewers \03 During the construction of the interceptor and trunk sewers, because of the steep terrain in the construction area, it should combine with the road construction in order to decrease the excavation quantity when level the areas parallel to the contour lines. The soil erosion often takes place in the bare and steep slope or the incompact backfill segment. The water conservation measures mainly aim at the protection of the slope, the construction of the drainage and the protection of the waste disposal fields. As to the sewers perpendicular to the contour lines, the water conservation measures mainly aim at preventing the backfill earth from erosion and falling, building stable retaining wall and drainage facilities, and recovering the occupied land. Meanwhile, the excavation soil should be reserved to meet the demand of the backfill and planting. Disposal Measures of Excavation and Backfill Slope The construction site on the gentle slope could be recover without any protection measures. The backfill slope should be protected by the blocks base on the height of the backfill segment. Page 106 The sewers perpendicular to contour line should be protected by the grouted rubble the same as the slope protection with 1.0m extent to the edge of the excavation area. Water Conservation Measures of the Sewer Excavation The sewers perpendicular to contour line at gentle slope should be set water-intercepted wall at the intervals of 10m. If the terrain is steep, the sewers should be protected by the grouted rubble. Water Conservation Measures of Construction areas and Waste Disposal Areas The excavation soil should be reserved for backfilling and recovering of the occupied land. During the excavation of the sewers, the excavation soil should be deposited on the sides of the sewers. In order to ensure the stability of the deposit, the gradient of the slope should be 1:2. Furthermore, the deposit should be protected by the earth bags to prevent it from erosion and falling into the sewers. Water and soil conservation Measures of Auxiliary Engineering \03 Construction Encampment and Storage System Soil erosion would be caused during the construction and demolishment of construction site and encampment. The water conservation measures in this part only emphasize on the construction, function and demolishment of the temporary auxiliary facilities. (1) \03 Protection measures on early stage The drainage and retaining wall should be set respectively upriver and downriver of the construction field which is located upriver of water area. (2) Management measures in construction 1) Construction unit should arrange earth works avoiding rainy season, keep balance between excavation and backfill as possible to decrease the production of waste. 2) Manage the piling and disposal of borrows and wastes carefully during construction phases. Clean out the sediment in cut-off ditches and drainage ditches in time, and keep the drainage system smooth. (3) Protection measures on later stage The impermanent buildings and sclerous ground should be removed after construction, and the wastes will be transported to the nearby waste disposal field in time. Afterward, the recovering work would be carried out following the land use plan of the construction area. Temporary Deposit Area (1) Site choose The deposit area should be located at the flat wasteland, where is easy to take protection measures. (2) Disposal of surface soil The surface soil of the temporary deposit area should be reserved for the land recovering. The reserved soil can be deposited at the appointed area in construction site. Page 107 (3) Drainage project In order to drain the water flowing from the slope and prevent the deposit from erosion, the drainage and interceptor should be set in advance for the temporary deposit site in the slope. (4) Temporary measures The deposit should be temporarily protected by earthbags whose height is determined by that of the deposit. (5) Ground levelling on later stage Base on the terrain and gradient, divide the field into pieces which doesn ’t incline to the outboard of slope. Afterward, level the ground and recover it with the reserved soil. Greening Measures (1) Planting scheme According to the local climate and soil condition, the water and soil reservation forest, which is the best choice of the planting measure, is suitable for the temporary occupied land which is scattered and limited. (2) Species of trees The best choices are mango tree and Banyan . (3) Planting method The method chosen is the same as that of the mango tree and Banyan. (4) Planting technique Choose the young plant with one year old and plant in the rainy season. (5) Nurture management measures The nurture management measures of the young plant mostly include loosening soil, weedkilling, irrigation, fertilization, pruning and shaping. The Mango trees should be nurtured once per year during the first three years. Solid Waste Disposal Measures Consumer wastes of the construction workers will be treated together with the city consumer wastes, and a majority of the solid castoff in construction is discarded soil. Part of the discard soil will be transported to the two dumping fields in Panzhihua City. The majority of the discarded soil will be deposited at the seven waste disposal fields at the last section of Bingren Road. The waste disposal fields must be protected following the above water conservation measures. During construction process, construction area should be restricted strictly, and it is forbidden to dump wastes at random, especially to dump into the Jinsha River during construction phase. The construction site should be cleaned after construction. Page 108 During operation phase, municipal environment department should enhance the cleaning and maintenance work on roads and landscapes. At same time, implement the drumbeating work well to improve civilian sanitary quality. Social Environment Impact Mitigating Measure 1.1.1 Public Health Protection Measures in Construction Phase (1) Filing and epidemic survey Each construction unit should carry on health investigations and epidemic filing for every worker before the construction unit enters the construction site, to prevent the epidemic. The content of investigation and filing includes age, sex, health condition, epidemic history, and original work place. The survey items include phthisic, infective hepatitis (including hepatitis B), dysentery. Besides, the disease items which spread in the places the non-native workers come from also should be examined additional. The quantity of investigations and filing depend on the number of workers at peak construction period. (2) Sample quarantine According to the survey result of epidemic situation, take samples for quarantine regularly. The main content of the quarantine include the familiar disease such as hepatitis, dysentery, tracheitis, phthisic and so on. Medical treatment must be taken in time once the epidemic disease emergence. According to the arrangement of construction, take sample quarantine once each autumn during construction phase. The number of quarantine samples should be 10% of the number of worker at fastigium. (3) Disease prevention plan In order to prevent disease from spreading in construction area and enhance the immunity of workers, it should take preventive medicine and inoculate regularly. The number of the workers accepts the epidemic prevention should be 50% of the number of worker at fastigium. (4) Epidemic monitoring and emergency measures Each construction unit should assign a person for preventing disease, observing the management and reporting rules made by local sanitation department. The person ’s work will be supervised by local sanitation department. During the construction phase, epidemic situation monitoring station should be set to store disposal medicine and equipment against the familiar epidemic disease such as phthisic, hepatitis, dysentery and so on. Once the epidemic emergence, medical treatments such as curing, isolating and observing must be taken to protect the sensitive group, and report to sanitation prevention department in time. Page 109 1.1.2 Mitigation Measures of Traffic Impact During the construction, transporting vehicle will aggravate the crowding traffic condition of Panzhihua City, and even cause part traffic jam. Some necessary engineering and management measures should be taken to mitigate the situation. (1) Forbid overloaded construction vehicles, and protect roadbed, road surface and other road facilities from destroying. (2) Prohibit construction vehicle from over-speeding and avoid traffic accidents. (3) Striking warning signs should be setup near the construction area, reminding drivers to pay attention to the construction vehicles and slow down. (4) Assign a person to assist smoothing the traffic flow in the peaking construction period, avoiding traffic jam caused by construction. 1.2 Mitigation Measures of Environmental Impact in Resettlement Areas (1) The land utilization and development plans of city and suburb should be considered in the process of putting resettlement into effect. Make sure that the construction of resettlement area complies with local plan, and build corresponding facilities at the same time. (2) In order to avoid the noise impact on resettlement area caused by the close distance to road, the resettled houses should be kept at least 15m away from road, and set green belts in between. (3) The living sewage produced by immigrations resettled in town will be treated together with city sewage treatment system. Septic tank and land toilet should be built in the rural resettlement area. The collected dejection and living sewage can be used as fertilizer. (4) Invite public bidding for property management of resettlement areas, ensure the living garbage be collected by the assigned person, and transported to the garbage disposal plant of Panzhihua city for disposal. (5) During the construction of resettlement area, water conservation work should be done well to decrease soil erosion. The local prevention regulations on water, air and noise pollution should be observed and avoid producing the new pollution. (6) Social security for affected people must be ensured. The compensation fee should include endowment insurance, unemployment compensation and professional training charge for the rural to urban farmers. (7) There will be some rural to urban farmers who meet the lowest line of the social security service. The local government should allow them to enjoy the special social security service, which is provided only to the urban citizens whose living standard is below the average. 1.3 Mitigation for Environment Risk 1.3.1 Construction Phase (1) Dangerous combustible, explosive and poisonous materials such as paints, fuel should Page 110 be attached warning label, marking its flammability, toxicity, physical and chemistry characteristics and the emergent prevention measures and so on. Special person should be assigned to keep the dangerous materials, write down the time when it is used, the person who uses it, the quantity and so on. The leader on duty should inspect regularly, and carries on specialized training to the keepers. (2) Fully understand the related meteorological, hydrological and geological data, connect with related department closely, arranges the construction time in reason, protects buildings, excavation slope and borrow pits promptly, reducing the environmental risk loss caused by the factors which cannot be predicted. 1.3.2 Operation Phase There should be several agencies involved in control and response to emergent dangerous cargo or materials transport accidents. For example, traffic and public security will be responsible to secure the accident site and maintain social security. The transportation authority will be responsible for ensuring permitting and inspection of trucks containing dangerous cargo. The environmental authority should be responsible for cleanup any contaminants released to the environment and minimize any potential damage to the receiving water and other natural habitat. Other mitigation measures include: (1) Packages and containers for dangerous articles will be fastened and sealed, on which special marks and designation labels will be stamped. And the property or notice of the cargo should be described in the instruction. Otherwise, it is not allowed to deliver from the manufacturer. (2) Persons engaged in the transportation of the dangerous material must have relevant certificates. The transportation vehicles and facilities must comply with conditions for use and have the correlation proof. Declaration system for transportation vehicles of dangerous materials should be carried on. (3) Strengthen safety education to the drivers, strictly prohibits drunk driving, tired driving and forced overtake other vehicles. No smoking on the way. Forbid stopping near the open fire and the high-temperature places. Forbid stopping halfway at will. (4) The traffic department should plan special route for the dangerous material transportation in advance, avoid passing through population crowded region, the roads near rivers and other sensitive areas as far as possible. (5) Based on the existing resources for emergency in Panzhihua city, prepare to establish the emergency troop for dangerous material transportation. This team will be basically included into the municipal emergency service team which is already in operation in the city taking care of municipal emergency. This team will be trained to handle the environmental emergency such as spills of hazardous materials and equipped with appropriate materials and equipment. Emergency procedure should be established and relevant authorities such as EPB, public health, police, etc., that will be informed when such environmental emergency occurs. 1.4 Effect Analysis of Environment Protection Measures Thanks to the environment protection measures, disadvantage impacts can be avoid at maximum degree the same as the latent economic loss caused by environment impact. Studying of the contrast of different environment effect before and after the protection Page 111 measures in Table 7-4, it clearly shows that the effect of protection measures is remarkable. Effect Analysis of Protection Measures Table 7-4 Environment factors Effect analysis Environment effect Content of measures Effect analysis Environment effect Flow condition of the Jinsha River Slope protection will stabilize the sections and the main riverbed, smooth the flow, stabilize the flowing condition, and glorify landscape +2C +2C Construction sewage affects the Jinsha River a little -1D Construction Sewage is deposed by deposit basin , or consumer sewage drained into city sewage system Hardly effect to the Jinsha River 0 Water environment Water quality The water quality of the Jinsha River can be protected In operation phase +3C The water quality of Jinsha River can be protected In operation phase +3C Air environment Air environment of construction area Excavation, discarded soil, vehicle transportation and asphalt mixing may produce harm gas which will affect workers in construction phase. The vehicle exhaust gas impact is little in operation phase. -2D In construction phase, Use spraying car to fall down dust, use few dust equipment, Adopt insulation asphalt mixing technique Enhance management in operation phase. Mitigate the impact cause by exhaust gas -1D Page 112 Environment factors Effect analysis Environment effect Content of measures Effect analysis Environment effect Acoustic environment sensitive receptors and workers will be impacted by construction noise. -2D Setup traffic caution board, worker wears earplug, helmet Mitigate exhaust gas impacts on workers and acoustic environment sensitive receptors -1D Acoustic environment 3 resident areas are impacted by noise in the night of operation phase -3C Use greening scheme and acoustic isolation glass scheme D ecrease noise effectively. -1C Terraneous vegetation Construction affects earth surface vegetation -1D Renew landscape in construction area Renew the landscape in construction area at maximum degree +1D Terraneous animal The quantity of familiar mini type animal may be decreased. -1D Keep new balance after renewing -0D In construction phase, excavation, temporary discarded soil and land occupation may cause disadvantage impacts on landscape -2D Progress construction in reason, organize construction management carefully Decrease disadvantage at maximum degree -1D Ecology environment landscape Beautify the environment of Panzhihua City +3C +3C Soil erosion Land occupation, vegetation. spoilage and excavation increases the soil erosion -3D Engineering measures, planting measures and soil conservation measures Take water conservation effect at maximum degree, and mitigate soil erosion +2C Solid waste disposal Temporary discarded soil impact little to the environment -2D Forbid dumping waste at random Meet environment demands, cause no pollution -1D Society environment Traffic impact Bring traffic pressure temporarily during construction phase -2D Enhance traffic management Decrease impact effectively -1D Page 113 Environment factors Effect analysis Environment effect Content of measures Effect analysis Environment effect Improve traffic condition of Panzhihua city during operation phase +3C +3C Social economy Promote local economic development, increase finance income and revenue, accelerate the development of industry +3C Increase revenue, improve development +3C Public health Cause outer original disease input or widespread in construction phase -1D Filing and epidemic prevention P revent disease from spreading, ensure the construction function well Living quality of i mmigration Income decrease cause by land occupation, Immigration and resettlement may affect local custom or the normal living. -3C Reasonable compensation Increase local investment, and provide jobs. Living condition of immigration will be changed and improved +1C Others Related factors Enhance environment monitoring and management, promote the exploitation and construction of the relative projects Keep the environment of construction area in good condition, ensure environment protection work process well in long- term. +2C Remarks “ - ”, “+”respectively means environment impact characteristics: disadvantageous, advantageous; “C, D” respectively means environment impact kind: long-term, short-term; “0, 1, 2, 3” respectively means environment impact degree: none impact, weak impact, medium impact, strong impact. Page 114 Environmental Monitoring, Management and Supervising Plan Environmental Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Plan Monitoring Objective In order to ensure the environmental safety and integrity during construction and operation phase, improve the environment of the construction area, and understand the acoustic and air environmental quality in different phases, it is necessary to carry out environmental monitoring which can provide scientific basis for the improvement of eco-environment, environmental pollution control and environmental management. Monitoring Contents According to the characteristics of the project environmental impact, the environmental monitoring factors are determined as water quality, air and acoustic quality, environment recovery monitoring in construction site and the soil erosion monitoring. The water quality monitoring includes construction wastewater monitoring and the surface water quality monitoring. Arrangement of Monitoring Stations (1) Arrangement close to the construction site The monitoring work should be based on the construction and operation character of the project, and reflect the comprehensive environmental change during the construction and operation phase, as well as the impact of environmental variation on construction and operation of the project. (2) Aim at the impact factors According to the present environment situation and the environmental impact prediction result, the factors which impact environment evidently and dominate environmental impact should be monitored. It should reasonably determine the monitoring points and the monitoring factors and establish representative monitor plan. (3) The efficiency and feasibility of monitoring Base on the correlation technology criterion, monitoring factors, monitoring frequency, monitoring interval and the monitoring method, it should meet the essential demand of the monitoring task in the project and make best use of the existing monitoring organization and achievement. The new established monitoring station should be manageable in order to achieve more integrated environmental monitoring data with less investment. Water Environmental Monitoring Construction Wastewater Monitoring during Construction Phase (1) The arrangement of monitoring sites According to the Water Environmental Monitoring Criterion , combining with the construction management design and technics, the monitoring sites should be arranged at Page 115 the outlet of the production wastewater in the construction area of Bingren Road. (2) Monitoring technique request Water sampling should be carried out according to the method of Water Environmental Monitoring Criterion . The sample detecting should be carried out according to the recommended method of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838- 2002) . The monitoring factors and frequency should be determined by the characteristics of construction wastewater. Details are shown in Table 8-1. Construction Wastewater Monitoring Arrangement Table \03 8-1 \03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03\03 Objective Monitoring Site Monitoring Factor Frequency and Time construction wastewater in the construction area of Bingren Road discharge outlets in front and behind the wastewater treatment station SS, wastewater flux and discharging frequency once when the construction wastewater normally discharged in each quarter of the peak construction year (second year) Surface Water Monitoring (1) Construction phase In order to realize the construction impact on the water quality of the adjacent river section, water quality monitoring sections should be arranged at the Panzhihua hydrologic station, Luoguo Bridge and the embouchure of the Yalong River. The water sampling and the sample detecting should be in accordance with the method of Water Environmental Monitoring Criterion and the recommended method of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) . The details of monitoring are shown in Table 8-2. (2) Operation phase In order to realize the operation impact on the water quality of the Jinsha River, two monitoring cross sections should be arranged at the positions 500m upperstream Jinshatan and 1500m downstream the water intake of Jinjiang waterworks. The details are shown in Table 8-2. Construction Wastewater Monitoring Management Table \03 8-2 Phase Monitoring Cross Section Monitoring Factor Frequency and Time Constru ction Phase Panzhihua hydrologic station, Luoguo bridge, Embouchure of Yalong River 5 days continuously in each high flow season, normal flow season and low flow season in each construction year Operation Phase 500m upstream Jinshatan 1500m downstream the water intake of Jinjiang waterworks pH, DO, BOD 5 , SS oil, COD Cr , TP, ammonia nitrogen , soluble iron, coliform, index of permanganate 5 days continuously in each high flow season, normal flow season and low flow season in the first operation year Page 116 Ambient Air Monitoring (1) Monitoring site In order to monitor the environmental impact on the air sensitive spots during the construction and operation phases and according to the Environmental Monitoring Criterion, the monitoring sites should be arranged at the residential building of Panzhihua Power Company, residential district of 501 Power Plant, residential district of the precast slab factory, and residential building on the end of Bingren Road (2) Monitoring technique The ambient air monitoring should be carried out according to the recommended method of Environmental Monitoring Criterion and Ambient air quality Standard (GB3095- 1996) .The details are listed in Table 8-3. Ambient Air Environmental Monitoring Management Table 8-3 Phase Monitoring Site Monitoring Factor Frequency and Time Š\03 residential building of Panzhihua P ower Company Š\03 residential district of 501 Power Plant Š\03 re sidential district of the precast slab factory Š\03 residential building on the end of Bing ren Road TSP PM 10 Once each quarter in the peak construction year (the second year) 5 continuous days each time C o n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e 50m, 100m, 200m leeward the asphalt mixer Asphalt smoke Once each quarter in n ormal construction phase O p e r a t i o n P h a s e Š\03 residential building of Panzhihua P ower Company Š\03 residential district of 501 Power Plant Š\03 r esidential district of the precast slab factory Š\03 residential building on the end of Bingren Road NO x PM 10 once in the second operation year 3 continuous days for NOx and 18 continuous hours each day 3 continuous days for PM 10 and 12 continuous hours each day Noise Monitoring (1) Monitoring site In order to realize the acoustic environmental impact of the construction and the transportation in operation phase, noise monitoring sites should be arranged in front of the residential building of Panzhihua Power Company, residential district of 501 Power Plant, residential district of the precast slab factory, and residential building on the end of Bingren Road (2) Monitoring technique The noise monitoring should be carried out according to the recommended method of Environmental Monitoring Criterion . The details are listed in Table 8-4. Noise Monitoring Management Table 8-4 Monitoring site Monitor ing Frequency and Time Page 117 Factor Leq(A) Once each quarter in the peak construction year (second year) 2 continuous days each time Š\03 residential building of Panzhihua Power Company Š\03 residential district of 501 Power Plant Š\03 residential district of the precast slab factory y\03 residential building on the end of Bingren Road Leq(A), traffic flow Once in the second operation year 2 continuous days each time Environment Resuming Monitoring in Construction Site Before the project put into operation, it should take comprehensive inspection of the processing and resuming situation of the temporary waste disposal field and construction site, including slope stability, greening rate and so on. Soil Erosion Monitoring (1) Monitoring objective Soil erosion mainly occurs during construction phase. The monitoring objective is to understand the soil erosion situation and the effect of mitigation measures on time. (2) Monitoring principle 1) Typical principle: Combining with the prediction result of soil erosion, taking the tunnel entrance and the waste disposal fields as the key point, the monitoring is carried out at some typical places. 2) Representative principle: According to natural conditions and utilization status, representative places can be chosen such as tunnel entrance, waste disposal field, side- slope of highway roadbed, slope made by trunk sewers excavation and so on. 3) Operational principle: Combining with the project and the characteristics of impact, achieving the economical, suitable and operational goals as far as possible. (3) Monitoring site and monitoring content 1) Monitoring site According to the forecast result of soil erosion, the tunnel entrance and the waste disposal field are the most potential erosion areas. Combining with the project topography and mitigation measures, the monitoring sites are arranged at the tunnel entrance, the waste disposal field, the highway roadbed slope and the excavation slope of trunk sewers. 2) Monitoring content (a) The waste disposal field Mainly monitor the gravity erosion, the slope erosion and the stability of waste deposit. (b) The tunnel entrance, slope of highway roadbed and the slope made by sewers excavation, especially the slope erosion. (c) The effect of water and soil conservation: Mainly monitor the conservation effect of soil and water, the vegetation coverage situation. (d) Construction site Investigate the sediment quantity in sedimentation pond. Page 118 (4) Monitor method and technical request 1) Gravity erosion monitoring After the construction completed, make a topographic measure for the waste disposal field by the scale of 1:100, compute the volume difference of the waste heap before and after the rainy season, and determine the quantity of collapse and erosion. 2) Slope erosion monitoring The ditch method should be used in monitoring the quantity of the slope erosion after rainy season. Set a cut-off ditch at the foot of excavation slope, build a depositing pond at the end of the ditch, and investigate the sedimentation quantity in depositing pond after rainy season. 3) Soil erosion factor monitoring (a) Monitoring factor Precipitation, vegetation, coverage rate, ground components and structure. (b) Monitoring method Data collection and in site investigation. (c) Monitoring time: Correspond with soil erosion monitoring. (5) Conservation effect monitoring Monitoring time: Once each year in the first three years during operation phase. Monitor station: Construction area and the direct affected area, the affected villages, hydrologic station and so on. Factors: vegetation coverage rate, soil conservation benefit, water conservation benefit, the economic benefit, the ecological benefit and so on. Method: Investigation and survey, data collection. Monitoring Result Processing The monitoring unit should compile the monitoring report, including graph, monitoring method, monitoring result assessment and so on. The monitor reported should be given to the project owner and the designing department, in order to find problems and solve in time. Monitoring and Assessment of Land demolition and Resettlement The land demolition needs to carry out before construction for the use of resettlement or construction. The environmental monitoring and supervising can guarantee the construction activities limited in the acquisition ranges, reduce resettlements as far as possible. Reasonable compensation and professional training should be given to the resettlements, helping them to find new job. The environmental monitoring will guarantee the resettlements to obtain the reasonable compensation and professional training. It can also guarantee the production and living standard of the resettlements to be improved or not lower than the former level at least. Page 119 Department of Monitoring and Assessment The environmental monitoring and assessment work is a kind of high specialized work. It requests the monitoring units to be of corresponding qualification, so the monitoring department will not be set specially for the project. According to the national related environmental protection laws and monitoring management regulations, the water quality monitoring, the water and soil conservation monitoring should be carried out by the unit with qualifications, entrusted by the owner. The environmental resuming monitoring on the construction field will be carried out by the owner and the concerned departments. Environmental Management and Supervision Objective (1) Guarantee the smooth implementation of the environmental mitigation measures, in order to reduce or avoid the adverse environmental effect caused by the project construction. (2) Guarantee the environmental protection work in project area to be carried out smoothly in long-term, and maintains the well development of the eco-environment in the project area. Environmental Management Department Implementation Department According to the regulations of national and WB about the environmental management work, the environment management department should be established in order to complete the environmental management task of the project. Considering the environmental characteristics of the project, the environmental management department during the construction period is the environmental management protection office, which is set up by the owner and under the leadership of the local and national environmental protection departments. The environment management department during the construction period is the Panzhihua Environmental Protection Bureau. Supervision Department The environmental supervision department of this project is composed by the World Bank Environmental Protection Office, the National Environmental Protection Bureau, the Sichuan Environmental Protection Bureau and the Panzhihua Environmental Protection Bureau. Among which, the National Environmental Protection Bureau and the World Bank environmental protection office are the highest supervision department. The duty and responsibility of the environmental management and supervision departments are listed in Table 8-5. Environmental Management and Supervision Department and the Responsibility \03 Table 8-5 Phase Organization department Supervision department Responsibility Page 120 The outline of EIA Chengdu Hydropoer Investigation & Design and research Institute of China Hydropower Engineering Consultant Group Corporation z\03 The world bank office of the provincial government z\03 The provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, z\03 The World Bank delegation, z\03 Panzhihua municipal government, z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Determine the main environmental q uestion and the execution of environment standard z\03 Propose the environmental assessment work plan F e a s i b i l i t y S t u d y p h a s e The report of EIA Chengdu Hydropoer Investigation & Design and research Institute z\03 The world bank office of the provincial government z\03 The provincial Environmental Protection Bureau z\03 The World Bank delegation z\03 Panzhihua municipal government z\03 Panzhihua Environmental Protection Bureau z\03 Determine the environment impact z\03 propose the corresponding environmental protection measure to mitigate the impact z\03 Propose the investm ent estimate to the environmental protection measure, compiled the environmental impact report D e s i g n p h a s e Preliminary design Chengdu Municipal Engineering Design & R esearch Institute z\03 The world bank office of the provincial government z\03 The provinc ial Environmenl Protection Bureau z\03 The World Bank delegation z\03 Panzhihua municipal government z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Carry on the environmental protection engineering design and the investment estimate according to t he environmental protection measure proposed in the environmental impact report and the approval opinion of the province Environmental Protection Bureau z\03 Compile the environmental protection (chapter) as the constituent of preliminary design document z\03 Enable the environmental protection measure to be put into effect and to have the enough fund safeguard Page 121 Construction drawing design Chengdu Municipal Engineering Design & R esearch Institute (o r request other specialized designing department z\03 The world bank office of the provincial government z\03 Th e provincial Environment Protection Bureau z\03 The World Bank delegation z\03 Panzhihua municipal government z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 According to the approval preliminary design document and environmental protection measure, organize environment pro tection designing personnel to carry on the construction drawing design z\03 Enable the environment protection measure to have the enough fund safeguard Land acquisition, demolition and resettlement the owner entrusts the Panzhihua Land Administrative Bureau for land expropriation and compensation together z\03 The Panzhihua municipal government z\03 Entrust the foreign capital research institute of Southwest Jiaotong University as the exterior supervision unit z\03 Proper resettle the affected public, guarantee the living standard of affected public not to be lower than the former level at least C o n s t r u c t i o n p h a s e Ecology protection project Construction unit z\03 The provincial Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 owner z\03 Make the environment protection measures in EIA as the main content, request and supervise the construction unit to carr y out measure Other Mitigation measures Construction unit z\03 The provincial Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 owner z\03 Make the e nvironmental protection measures in EIA as the main content, request and supervise the construction unit to carr y out measure. Environmental inspecting and control in construction phase The environment management office of the project z\03 The provincial Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Construction unit z\03 Inspect the implementation of environmental mitigation measures and the ecology protection project, the promotion to the local economy of the project z\03 Record the problems a nd suggestion of the environmental work and report to the municipal government and higher level environment protection department Page 122 Personnel training The owner z\03 Panzhihua municipal government z\03 Invites expert to give lectures and train the full - time and spare- time environmental staff coming from the contractor , and the en vironment inspecting departments, The training content includes Environment protection laws, regulations and corresponding rules , tasks and responsibilities of the environmental staff z\03 Raise the staff ’s environmental quality and awareness Environmental monitoring Panzhihua city Environment Monitoring Station z\03 Construction unit z\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau z\03 Completes the environment monitoring task during construction phase The cultural relic bureau protection Construction unit z\03 Panzhihua cultural relic bureau z\03 The owner entrusts the cultural relic and archaeology departments to investigate, ensure the engineering construction not to destroy the cultural relic and historical site The environmental personnel trains The Panzhihua environment protection bureau z\03 Panzhihua municipal government z\03 A rrange the training in the routine work o p e r a t i o n p h a s e Environment monitoring The Panzhihua environmental monitoring station z\03 The Panzhihua Environmental Protection Bureau z\03 Complete environment monitoring task during operation phase Page 123 Environmental Supervision Plan The environment protection supervision plan of the proposed project is shown in Table 8-6. Environment Protection Supervision Plan Table 8-6 Phase Supervision department Supervision content Supervision objective D e s i g n p h a s e Š\03 The world bank office of the provincial government Š\03 The provincial Environment Protection Bureau Š\03 The World Bank Š\03 Panzhihua municipal government Š\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau Š\03 ·Examines the outline of EIA Š\03 ·Examines the environmental impact report Š\03 ·Examines EMP Š\03 Guarantee the EIA content to be comprehensive, the special subject be appropriate, key content be prominent Š\03 Guarantee the significant potential problem of the project have been reflected Š\03 Guarantee the mitigation measures have feasible implementation program C o n s t r u c t i o n p h a s e Š\03 The world bank office of the provincial government Š\03 The provincial Environment Protection Bureau Š\03 The World Bank Š\03 Panzhihua munic ipal government Š\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau Š\03 Examine the preliminary environment protection design and EMP Š\03 Examine the recovery situation of temporary occupied land, vegetation resuming and environment resuming Š\03 Examines dust and noise mitigation measures , decide the construction time Š\03 Examine air pollutant discharges Š\03 Examine the treatment and discharge of living sewage and production waste water Š\03 Construction waste disposal Š\03 ·Strictly obey the regulation of ‘Three Simultaneity’ Š\03 Guarantee temporary occupied land satisfy the environment protection request Š\03 Reduced the environment impact Š\03 carry out the relevant environment protection laws and standards Š\03 Guarantees river water not to be polluted Š\03 Guarantees the landscape and the land resource not be seriou sly destroyed, avoids soil erosion Page 124 o p e r a t i o n p h a s e Š\03 Panzhihua water affairs bureau Š\03 Panzhihua construction committee Š\03 Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau Š\03 Panzhihua urban council Š\03 Panzhihua public security and fire control department Š\03 Examine the implementation of E MP during operation phase Š\03 Examine the implementation of supervision management plan Š\03 Examine the sensitive spot which has the necessity to adopt the further environment protection measure, which may appear environmental problems not estimated before) Š\03 Examine whether the environmental quality of the sensitive spot satisfy its corresponding standard Š\03 Strengthen the surveillance, prevent sudden accident, making control plan for the urgent accident in advance , in order to be able to eliminate the dang er promptly when accident happen Š\03 Implement the EMA Š\03 Implement the supervision plan Š\03 protect the environment conscientiously Š\03 Strengthen environmental management, protect the public health Š\03 Guarantees the discharg ed sewage meet the standard Training Training Additional Full-time and Spare-time Environmental Staff during Construction Phase It is necessary to conduct training for the staff from the Contractor, the environmental protection additional full-time and spare-time environmental staff. The training, which is jointly arranged by the Project Construction Unit, will happen before project implementation. Experienced specialists on related subjects will be invited to give lectures. The training objects are the project technology person and specialty administrative personnel of construction and monitoring unit. The training content includes: (1) Environmental protection laws, regulations and corresponding rules. (2) Environmental protection measures and requests proposed in EIA. (3) Basic knowledge of urban environmental protection during the construction phase. The training teacher may be the environmental protection experts or leaders from the Sichuan Environment Protection Bureau, the Panzhihua Environment Protection Bureau, the design institues and the concerned experts from environmental assessment unit and the monitoring unit. Training Full-time and Spare-time Environmental Staff during Operation Phase Page 125 According to the environmental managment plan, the management work will be transferred to the Panzhihau Environmental Protection Bureau during the project operation period, thus the personel training for the proposed project will be organized and implemented by the Panzhihua Environmental Protection Bureau which should be put into their routine training plan. Environmental Management Task The environmental management task is to organize, carry out, manage and supervise the environment protection work relating to the project. Environmental Management during Construction Phase (1) Environmental management task of the owner unit The owner unit will be responsible for the environmental protection management from the beginning of the construction to the acceptance inspectaion stage. The main content is as follows: 1) Make environmental protection implementation and management plan during construction phase; 2) Be responsible for compiling and examing of the environmental protection contents in the bid document and the project contract; 3) Make yearly plan for the environmental protection work; 4) Be responsible for examing and arrangement of the environmental protection funds in each year; 5) Supervise the execution of the environmental protection measures taken by contractor's; 6) Organize and implement the environmental protection work, the work measure and the monitoring work responsible by the owner unit; 7) Coordinate with environmental protection and other related departments; 8) Handles environment pollution accident and dispute of the enterprise and report to the higher authority department; 9) Compile yearly environmental protection work report and report the monthly, seasonly and yearly report form; 10) Organize and develop the environmental protection propaganda, education and training. (2) The environmental management task of the contractor The contractor will be responsible for the environmental protection work of their own enterprise and the related constructions. 1) Make yearly environmental protection work plan; 2) Check the construction progress, quality, running situation and the examining circumstance of the environmental protection facilities, handle the relevant problem within the implementation process; \03 3) Check the environmental protection budget of the year; \03 Page 126 4) Report the implementation situation about environmental protection in contracts. Environmental Management during Operation Phase (1) Carry out the national and local environmental protection law, rules and policies; (2) Implemnet the environmental protection measure during the operation phase. Make the environmental management method and regulation of the proposed project; (3) Be responsible for the implementation of environmental monitoring during operation phase, then statistic and analyze the result; \03 (4) Supervise and manage the impact on ambient environment of the project, respond to the relevant departments, and supervise the relevant departments to solve the problems. \03 Cost Estimation on Environment Protection Compiling Explanation The cost of environment protection is composed by the engineering cost, the independent cost, the basic reserve cost and so on. (1) Engineering cost Estimate according to the quantity multiplied by the unit price. (2) Independent cost Mainly includes the construction management fee, the scientific research and design fee, the environmental monitoring fee and other fee and taxation. Construction management fee includes construction management cost, inspectoring cost of the environmental engineering, consultation cost and acceptance inspectation cost. \03 The scientific research and design fee includes investigation and study cost, the cost for compling EIA and water and soil conservation report, the cost for the acceptance inspectaion and latter-estimation. The environmental monitoring fee means cost for the personnel training, etc. Other fee and taxation indicates the supervising fee, standard compling cost and so on. (3) The basic reserve cost Estimated according to the sum of the two preceding parts multiplied by basic reserve cost rate, take the basic reserve cost rate as 5%. Estimated Cost The project environmental protection estimated cost is RMB 16.4918 million Yuan, accounts for 1.35% of the total investment. Details are shown in Table 8-7. Estimated Costs for Impact Mitigation, Environmental Management and Environmenteal Monitoring \03 Table 8-7 Serial number Item Unit Quantity Unit price (yuan) Cost Page 127 number (Ten thousand yuan) The first part: Engeenering cost 1172.3 A Water and soil conservation project 980.62 1 Construction project 750.5 2 Plant project 160.83 3 Temporary project 52.4 4 Others 16.89 B Water environment protection project 3.25 1 Production wastewater treatment 3.25 The concrete mixing swashing waste water 5 6500 3.25 &\03 Ambient air environment protection \03 33.6 1 Sprinkler \03 \03 4 50000 20 2 Operation cost of sprinkler \03 year 2.5 20000 5 3 Dust control measure during construction and transportation \03 8.6 '\03 Acoustic environmental protection 114.3 1 Traffic warning sign \03 14 200 0.28 2 Operators ’ protection in high noise environment \03 2.84 3 The sound-insulated glass installation \03 m 2 906 1000 90.6 4 Greening \03 20.58 (\03 Public health \03 7.3 1 Epidemic survey and checking \03 7.3 Fileing and epidemic survey \03 person 2000 15 3 Sampling quarantine \03 person 200 40 0.8 Epidemic prevention \03 person 1000 20 2 Epidemic monitoring and emergency control \03 1.5 )\03 Environmental monitoring 33.23 1 Water environmental 11.16 Production wastewater group 4 400 0.16 Surface water group \03 55 2000 11 2 Ambient air group \03 32 400 1.28 3 Acoustic group \03 18 200 0.36 4 Traffic flow group 3 200 0.06 5 Soil erosion 20.37 The second part: Independent cost 398.35 A Construction management 58.62 1 Construction management 2.25% of the first part 26.38 2 Inspectoring cost of the environmental engineering 2.15% of the first part 25.20 3 Consultation cost 0.5% of the first part 5.86 4 Acceptance inspectation 0.1% of the first part 1.17 B Research and design 70.86 Page 128 1 Investigation cost 0.5% of the first part 5.86 2 Cost for compiling EIA and water and soil conservation report 50 3 cost for the acceptance inspectaion and latter-estimating 15 C Environment management fee 260.2 D Other fee and taxatation 8.68 1 supervising fee 0.15% of the first part 1.76 2 Quota compilating cost 0.09% of the first part 1.06 3 Technical standard compilting cost 0.5% of the first part 5.86 The third part: Basic reserve cost 5% of the first and second part 78.53 Static total investment 1649.18 Page 129 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure During the EA TOR and draft report stages, two arounds of public consultation were conducted to learn the attitude, concerns and opinions of the public and relevant government agencies and other stakeholders toward the project construction. Their opinions and advice were taken into consideration during EA and adopted for protecting local eco-environment, promoting citizens consciousness of environment protection, and embody the “people first” spirit. EA TOR phase Survey purpose and principle Based on the characteristics of the project, the method of ‘point representing area’ was adopted, and put the emphases on the impact on local environment quality and living condition, and possible environmental problems caused by the project. All of the attitude toward the project, and also the idea and advice on environmental protection during design and construction phases were gathered. Survey method Public consultation exists in the whole compiling process of the EIA draft in different mode. For optimal effects of public consultation, the EIA team had an informal discussion with local department delegates from urban construction bureau, environment protection bureau and water conservancy bureau after contacting with owner, and questionnaire survey was carried out in October, 2004. During the phase of the EIA draft, a total of 90 copies of public questionnaires were distributed in public consultation and 77 copies of completed questionnaires were returned. The callback ratio reached 86%. Survey sample was attached in Appendix 6, and the information of survey object was summarized in Table 9-1. Public attendence summary Table 9-1 Item Sort Amount Percent <20 0 0 21 30 31 40.3 31 40 30 39.0 41 50 14 18.2 51 60 1 1.3 Age >60 1 1.3 Cadre 68 88.3 Worker 5 6.5 Occupation Else 4 5.2 university and above 47 61.0 college and technical school 27 35.1 Culture Degree Junior high school 3 3.9 Remarks: the survey was carried out mainly in government departments which included urban construction bureau, water conservancy bureau, agriculture bureau, plan council, environment protection bureau, culture bureau, statistic bureau, tourism bureau, traffic bureau, land bureau and so on. Page 130 Survey content The survey content of public consultation included three parts mainly. The first was to introduce general situation of the project, main environment problems possibly caused by the construction, and primay mitigation measures. The second was to consult public opinion on the prepared problems. And the last was to gather other ideas and advice of consulted people. Survey result The survey was carried out mainly in government and relevant departments. All the opinions and advices on the proposed project were gathered and concluded. The survey result was summarized in Table 9-2. Public consultation result Table 9-2 Number Content Amount Percent Land acquisition 1 1.3 Demolition 2 2.6 Land acquisition and demolition 4 5.2 No land requisition and no demolition 26 33.8 1 Effect on you by the construction Others 44 57.1 Obey 39 50.6 accept to be resettled rationaly 37 48.1 2 If your house or farmland are affected, would you submit to move and be resettled Reject 1 1.3 Known completely 5 6.5 Known little 35 45.4 3 D o you know the compensation policy about land requisition, demolition, and resettlement Nothing at all 37 48.1 Promoting evidently 58 75.3 Common 17 22.1 4 Impact on landscape along banks of the Jinsha River by construction No any benefit 2 2.6 Promoting evidently 41 53.2 Common 31 40.3 5 Impact on local economy by construction No any benefit 5 6.5 Improving obviously 29 37.7 Improving little 41 53.2 6 Impact on traffic condition in Pazhihua city by construction No effect 7 9.1 Water pollution 12 15.6 Air pollution 13 16.9 Construction noise 16 21.8 Traffic jam 12 15.6 Environment destroy 5 6.5 7 The most adverse impact by construction Others 19 24.7 favorable 30 39.0 Mostly unfavorable 3 3.9 Common unfavorable 22 28.6 little unfavorable 17 22.1 8 Impact on local eco- environment by construction No impact 5 6.5 Serious 6 7.8 Slight 12 15.6 9 Degree of soil rerosion caused by construction Little 59 76.6 Completely 34 44.2 10 Can environmental impact by construction be recovered? Partly 36 46.8 Page 131 Never 7 9.1 Automobile exhaust 18 23.4 Noise 8 10.4 Dust 15 19.5 Water pollution 11 14.3 11 Do you think which is the mostly disadvantage environmental impact? Others 25 32.5 Improve city traffic condition 15 19.5 Improve environment and residential condition 23 29.9 Improve environment along banks of Jinshajiang 34 44.2 promote economic development in Panzhihua 3 3.9 Increase employment chance and individual income 2 2.6 12 Which is the most positive impact? Others 0 0 Improving 47 61.0 Falling 3 3.9 13 How about your living quality after construction? No change 27 35.1 Benefit is more than harm 65 84.4 Benefit equivalent to harm 8 10.4 Benefit is less than harm 2 2.6 14 the total impact of the project No any benefit 2 2.6 favor and wish it will be constructed as soon as possible 66 85.7 Reject 3 3.9 15 opinion on the project Indifferent 8 10.4 Eco-environment protection 41 53.2 Environmental impact during construction phase 25 32.5 Environmental impact during operation phase 8 10.4 16 the main problem needed to pay attention to Others 3 3.9 Result analysis (1) About three forth of consulted people thought that the construction of the proposed project would improve landscape along banks of the Jinsha River. And more than half of them thought it would improve local economy and traffic condition in Panzhihua City. (2) The result expressed that near half of consulted people didn ’t know clearly the compensation policy of land requisition and resettlement. Only 6.5 percent of them knew it in detail. So suggestions were brought forward for local government and owner to reinforce publication and pay attention to information disclosure. (3) The result indicated that most consulted people paid attention to impacts on water environment, ambient air and traffic during construction phase, and also construction noise. (4) About 39 percent of consulted people thought that the construction would bring positive impact on local eco-environment and near 55% thought it has adverse impact (including little, common and serious). But most of them believed that impact on local eco- environment by construction could be mitigated partly or completely. Page 132 (5) About 61% of consulted people thought that the project could improve living quality, and 84% thought its benefit is more than harm. At the same time, 86 percent wished the project would be constructed as soon as possible. (6) Opinion and advice of consulted people during construction and operation phases was concluded as follows: 1) During construction phase more attention must be paid to residents around. To achieve this, construction efficiency should be improved as possible, and working hours must be set reasonably. So traffic jam may be avoided and the impact on people ’s rest at night can be reduced. 2) Environmental improvement project along the Jinsha River is related to the whole development of Panzhihua city. It can decrease pollution source of the Jinsha River and improve water quality. Attention must be paid to greenning project and traffic plan after the Bingren Road is completed; 3) Do more review and do more study. More measures must be adopted as possible to protect environment and reduce pollution, and to mitigate adverse impact on eco- environment. 4) Long-term plan must be constituted, and master plan must be considered. Combining with the plan of ‘landscape garden city’ and ‘the most excellent tourism city in China’, the characteristics such as ecology, ethnic and environment protection must be given prominence to. The project must be in harmony with environment all around. 5) The project should be constructed as soon as possible, and the mode of democratic decision-making, ‘public consultation questionnaire’, should be realized practically. Draft EA report phase Survey results during the EIA draft phase expressed that most of consulted people supported the project. But some people didn’t know the compensation policy of land requisition, demolition, and resettlement. So the EIA team carried out investigation and public consultation in May 2005 and Octorbor, 2005 respectively. Survey method (1) Consultation of experts’ opinion It was realized by appraise for the EIA outline and EIA report. The experts included World Bank delegates, domestic environmental protection experts and representatives from government department such as environment protection bureau, water conservancy bureau, and city planning bureau, etc. They could pay more attention to the project and give professional and high-level opinion on environmental impact, and require construction units to adopt corresponding mitigation measures. (2) Questionnaires The survey object mainly included relevant government departments, affected corporation representatives, and residents in the project region. There were 150 copies of public questionnaires and the format was attached in Appendix 7. Survey range The survey range of public consultation is the local cadres, residents and students, who are Page 133 affected by the project directly or indirectly. Survey content Several important problems below were presented to the public in the survey. (1) Problems of land requisition, demolition and resettlement, etc. (2) Impact on landscape along banks of the Jinsha River caused by the construction of the proposed project. (3) Impact on local economy. (4) Impact on traffic condition. (5) Impact on soil erosion. (6) Impact on eco-environment. (7) Impact on living quality. (8) Attitude towards the construction of the project. Survey result The result of public meetings at neighborhood committees with local residents showed that cadres and residents supported the project in general. Many people expressed the importance and urgence of the project for local social and economic development from different aspects, and wished the project could be started and completed as early as possible. In the informal discussion, some people gave much advice, such as the project quality must be ensured and farmland should be occupied as little as possible, etc. In the survey, 150 copies of public questionnaires were returned, among which 145 copies are valid. The occupation of survey object included 101 cadres, 21workers, 3 farmers, 2 students, 12 individual businessmen, and 6 for other occupation, occupying 69.66%, 14.48%, 2.07%, 1.38%, 8.28%, and 4.14% of total respectively. Age component were: 4 persons are younger than 20 years, 30 persons aged 21 to 30, 73 persons aged 31 to 40, 24 persons aged 41 to 50, 9 persons aged 51 to 60, and 5 persons older than 60, occupying 2.76%, 20.69%, 50.34%, 16.55%, 6.21% and 3.45% respectively. The eduction situation is 54 persons for college diploma, 62 persons for technical school, 16 persons for senior high school diploma, 11 persons for junior school diploma, and 2 persons holding others, occupying 37.24%, 42.76%, 11.03%, 7.59%, and 1.38% of the total respectively. View from age and eduation, all the consulted people come from different social classes. They are representative and could reflect public opinions in the project region. The survey result was given in Table 9-3, 9-4, 9-5. Such basic conclusions below could be made from public consultation. (1) About 88.28% persons expressed their support on the project, and 11.72% held no idea. (2) In aspect of total impact, 90.34% persons thought that the project would bring more profit than harm, and 6.90% persons thought benefit was equivalent to harm, 2.07% persons thought that harm was more than profit, and 0.69% persons thought it would have no benefit. (3) In aspect of land requisition, demolition, and resettlement, 47.59% persons would obey and 49.66% would accept reasonable resettlement of government. No one would reject. Page 134 (4) The following advices had been grought about: 1) Avoid construction in rainy season as far as possible. 2) Construct in order and pay more attention to environmental virescence. 3) Strengthen management and reduce vegetation destroying as far as possible. Summary of Individuals Consulted Table 9-3 Number Name Age Education Occupation Work unit 1 Chen-jiayun 51 60 College Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 2 Yang-futian 41 50 technical school Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 3 Jiang- keping 31 40 Technical school Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 4 Wu-feng 31 40 College Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 5 Tian- hongchuan 31 40 Technical school Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 6 Qian-jia 21 30 College Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 7 Yao-jin 21 30 Technical school Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 8 Yang- chunyu 41 50 Technical school Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 9 Xu- zhaofeng 51 60 College Cadre Architectural plan, design and research institute of Panzhihua 10 Wei-shiwei 31 40 College Cadre Engineering department of the urban planning bureau 11 Liu-jinqin 21 30 Technical school Cadre Urban planning and construction bureau 12 Liao-liang 21 30 Technical school Cadre Urban planning and construction bureau 13 Li-hua 31 40 College Cadre Urban planning and construction bureau 14 Li-lin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban planning and construction bureau 15 Chen-hong 21 30 College worker Urban planning and construction bureau 16 Chen- luqiong 41 50 Technical school Cadre Winter tourism office of the urban planning and construction bureau 17 Mao-min Above 60 Technical school Cadre Urban planning and construction bureau 18 Daiping 21 30 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 19 Liu-li 31 40 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 20 Luo-yan 21 30 Technical school Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 21 Zhou-lang 31 40 Technical school Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 22 Wang-linke 31 40 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 23 Li-jin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua Page 135 committee of Panzhihua 24 Li-jianguo 31 40 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 25 Xu-xingui 31 40 Technical school Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 26 Liao-bing 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban management bureau 27 He-boCai 41 50 College Cadre Urban management bureau 28 Liu- xiaofang 31 40 College Worker Urban management bureau 29 Lai-li 21 30 Technical school Cadre Urban management bureau 30 Li-yang 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban management bureau 31 Tan-deliang 51 60 College Cadre Urban management bureau 32 Li-guiju 31 40 Technical school Worker Urban management bureau 33 Yu-shuibing 21 30 College Worker Urban management bureau 34 Wu-yuju 41 50 Technical school Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 35 Hu-jia 31 40 Technical school Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 36 Huang- guiming 21 30 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 37 Jia-fei 21 30 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 38 Jin-zhifei 21 30 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 39 Zeng- jianquan 41 50 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 40 Fang- haifeng 31 40 College Cadre Water conservancy and country machine bureau 41 Jiang-tao 21 30 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 42 Li-xiaojuan 31 40 College Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 43 Liu-shigui 51 60 Technical school Cadre Water conservancy and farm machinary bureau 44 Xu-yan 31 40 College Cadre Tourism administrative bureau 45 Wang- guogang 21 30 Technical school Cadre Tourism administrative bureau 46 Hu-xiaobo 31 40 Technical school Cadre Leader office for Top-quality tourist city 47 Liu-jianlin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Leader office for Top-quality tourist city 48 Xu-yi 31 40 College Worker Tourism administrative bureau 49 Zhao- chuanyun 21 30 College Worker Tourism administrative bureau 50 Yang-shan 31 40 Technical school Cadre Tourism administrative bureau 51 Xiao-jin 21 30 Senior school Worker Tourism administrative bureau 52 Xiao-jinwei 31 40 Technical school Cadre Tourism administrative bureau 53 Zhang-sijin 51 60 Technical school Cadre National forest park of ErTan 54 Wang-rong 21 30 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 55 Zhen-kun 31 40 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 56 He-qi 21 30 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce Page 136 57 Gui-wei 31 40 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 58 Wang-jie 41 50 Technical school Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 59 Li-qi 21 30 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 60 Duan-yuqin 31 40 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 61 Xu-fei 41 50 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 62 Liu-dahai 31 40 College Cadre Administrative bureau for industry and commerce 63 Wang-jun 21 30 College Cadre Bureau of finance 64 Yang-jian 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of finance 65 Luo-lin 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of finance 66 Pu-zhijin 21 30 College Cadre Bureau of finance 67 He- yongcheng 41 50 College Cadre Bureau of finance 68 Liu-xingli 41 50 College Cadre Bureau of finance 69 Wang-xue 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of finance 70 Zhang-chi 31 40 College Cadre Environmental protection bureau 71 Luo-jinjian 31 40 College Worker Environmental protection bureau 72 Liu-ming 51 60 Technical school Cadre Environmental protection bureau 73 Cao-yuan 31 40 College Cadre Environmental protection bureau 74 Heping 31 40 Technical school Cadre Environmental protection bureau 75 Yang-liejun 51 60 Technical school Cadre Environmental protection bureau 76 Liu- yongliang 41 50 College Cadre Environmental protection bureau 77 Guo-jingpin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Environmental protection bureau 78 Fu-guang 60 Technical school Cadre Environmental protection bureau 79 Deng- xiangwen 21 30 Technical school Worker Bureau of land and resource 80 Liu-xiao 21 30 Technical school Cadre Bureau of land and resource 81 Liu-tao 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of land and resource 82 Tian- xiaosong 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of land and resource 83 He-simei 51 60 Technical school Cadre Bureau of land and resource 84 Chen-jin 41 50 Technical school Cadre Bureau of land and resource 85 Yu-xiaoqin 31 40 College Cadre Bureau of land and resource 86 Li-qiong 41 50 College Cadre Bureau of land and resource 87 Luo-yan 41 50 Technical school Cadre Bureau of land and resource 88 Cheng- qiong 31 40 Technical school Cadre Bureau of land and resource 89 Li-qing 31 40 Technical school Worker Urban construction investment corporation 90 Cai-yin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban construction investment corporation Page 137 corporation 91 Yang- shibing 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban construction investment corporation 92 Wang-hong 31 40 College Cadre Urban construction investment corporation 93 Chen-wen 31 40 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 94 Wu- jiangang 31 40 College Cadre Supervisor detachment of urban construction 95 Yang- zhaoxiong 31 40 College Cadre Development and reform committee of Panzhihua 96 Liao-hong 41 50 Technical school Cadre Urban construction investment corporation 97 Chen-huixin 31 40 Technical school Cadre Urban construction investment corporation 98 Pu-yanmin 31 ~ 40 Senior school Individual businessman Riyuetan hotel 99 Wang- fusheng 31 ~ 40 Junior school Individual businessman Sishijiugongli market 100 Wang-ping Younger than 20 Junior school Student Sishijiugongli market 101 Tian-ailan 41~50 Technical school Individual businessman Sishijiugongli market 102 Ma-kexin 31~40 Technical school Cadre Municipal water affair limited Corp. 103 Li-shunguo 21~30 Technical school Other Panxi water engineering company 104 Zhao- qingyou 51~60 College Cadre Chengdu jinxi company 105 Xiao- jiaming 31~40 College Cadre Panzhihua Road and Bridge company 106 Yao- huarong 21~30 Other Other First company of Shutong 107 Tan-li 31~40 Technical school Cadre Panzhihua road and bridge company 108 Li-hui 41~50 College Cadre The second company of city construction 109 Liu-kunbi 41~50 college Worker The second company of city construction 110 Yang- yanning 31 40 Technical school Cadre Panzhihua construction parent company 111 Zhon-gjianb 31 40 Technical school Cadre Supervisor detachment of urban construction 112 Yang- chunhua 41~50 Technical school Cadre Arboretum corporation 113 Wang-hong 31 40 college Cadre Titanium seperation company 114 Wu-jiannian 31 40 College Cadre Supervisor detachment of urban construction 115 Dai- wangming 31 40 College Cadre Management office of urban construction 116 Yin-jie 31 40 College Cadre Tongli construction group company 117 Chai-lan 31 40 Technical school Cadre Smelt company of Panzhihua Steel group 118 Tan-deqi Above 60 Other Farmer Xinhua Printery 119 Liu-yong 31 40 College Cadre Jinsha Park Page 138 120 Yan-yuelin 31~40 Senior school Individual businessman Taixin hotel 121 Jian-guifen Younger than 20 Senior school Student Erjiu cane-chair plant 122 Xu- shumeng 31~40 Technical school Cadre Sanxin consultation company 123 Li-qingming 31~40 Senior school Worker Panxi water engineering company 124 Yuan- lieguang 31~40 Senior school Individual businessman Sishijiugongli market 125 Jin-wu 41~50 Junior school Worker Sishijiugongli market 126 Yao- cangguo Above 60 Technical school Cadre Sishijiugongli market 127 Cen-birong 41~50 Junior school Worker The second company of municipal public transpotation 128 Fu-ruping 41~50 Junior school Worker Municipal public transpotation company 129 Guan-ping 31~40 Senior school Worker Sishijiugongli market 130 Yang- shibing 41~50 Technical school Cadre Smelt companyof Panzhihua Steel group 131 Liu-jianchi 31~40 Senior school Worker The second company of municipal public transpotation 132 Chen- shengrang 31~40 Senior school Worker Yuanjing color steel factory 133 Yu-fang 21~30 Technical school Individual businessman Yuanjing trade limited Corp. 134 Ma-bin 41~50 Technical school Worker Yuanjing color steel factory 135 Zhou-yu 21~30 Senior school Other Shabian group, Puda village, Qianjin town, Renhe district 136 Zhan- gjianfei 21~30 Technical school Individual businessman Gonghebian villiage, Renhe 137 Li-yunqiong 31~40 Junior school Farmer Hebian villiage, Qianjin town 138 Lin-lihua 31~40 Technical school Individual businessman Yuanjing trade limited Corp. 139 Fu-ping 31~40 Senior school Worker Panzhihua steel pipe factory 140 Wu-ping 31~40 Junior school Farmer Mianshawan village, Renhe town 141 Chen-gui 31~40 Senior school Individual businessman Dongye automobile repairment factory 142 Chen- zhigang Younger than 20 Senior school Individual businessman Dongye automobile repairment factory 143 Lang-jian 21~30 Junior college and technical secondary schoo Individual businessman Nanshanqiao 144 Cao-yinglin 21~30 Junior school Individual businessman Nanshanqiao 145 Wei- yonbgjun Younger than 20 Junior school other Nanshanqiao Questionnaire result summary Table 9-4 Number Content Amount Percent Land acquisition 1 0.69 Demolition 1 0.69 1 Impact on you by the construction Land acquisition and demolition 2 1.38 Page 139 Constructing 33 22.76 Others 93 64.14 Obey 69 47.59 accept to be resettled 72 49.66 2 If your house or landfield are affected, would you submit to move and resettle Reject 0 0.00 Completely 6 4.14 Some 68 46.90 3 Do you know the compensation policy about land requisition, demolition, and resettlement Nothing 71 48.97 Promoting evidently 102 70.34 Promoting commonly 33 22.76 4 Impact on landscape along banks of The Jinsha Riverby construction No any benefit 10 6.90 Promoting evidently 96 66.21 Promoting commonly 41 28.28 5 Impact on local economy by construction No any benefit 8 5.52 Improve obviously 81 55.86 Improve little 53 36.55 6 Impact on traffic condition in Panzhihua city by construction No effect 11 7.59 Water pollution 40 27.59 Air pollution 33 22.76 Construction noise 54 37.24 Traffic jam 30 20.69 Eco-Environment destroying 9 6.21 7 The most disadvantage impact by constructing Others 20 13.79 Good 80 55.17 Worst 3 2.07 Bad 28 19.31 Nothing 23 15.86 8 Impact on local eco- environment by construction No effect 10 6.90 Serious 70 48.28 Bad 5 3.45 Little 25 17.24 9 Impact on local eco- environment after Bingren Road completed No 25 17.24 Completely 20 13.79 Partially 72 49.66 10 Can impact on environment by construction be recovered? Never 63 43.45 Serious 7 4.83 Common 9 6.21 11 Degree of local soil and water loss by construction Little 23 15.86 Water pollution 111 76.55 Soil erosion 35 24.14 Garbage 23 15.86 12 The most disadvantage on environment after the riverbank improvement project completed Other 37 25.52 Exhaust 50 34.48 Noise 71 48.97 Dust 35 24.14 Water pollution 19 13.10 13 the most disadvantage on environment after Bingren Road completed Other 2 1.38 14 main advantage on environment Improving city traffic condition 25 17.24 Page 140 Improving environment and residential condition 98 67.59 Improving environment around bank of Jinshajiang 40 27.59 promoting economy development in region 33 22.76 employment opportunity and individual income increasing 20 13.79 others 7 4.83 Improve city traffic condition 110 75.86 Improve environment and resident condition of city 32 22.07 Favouable to city strcture adjusting 18 12.41 promote economy developmet in region 34 23.45 Increasing employment opportunity and individual income 20 13.79 15 main advantage after Bingren Road completed Other 3 2.07 Improving 109 75.17 Falling 6 4.14 16 How about your living quality after construction? No change 30 20.69 Benefit is more than harm 131 90.34 Benefit is equivalent to harm 10 6.90 Benefit is less than harm 3 2.07 17 What is the total impact of the project? No any benefit 1 0.69 support and wish it will be constructed as soon as possible 128 88.28 Reject 0 0.00 18 Which opinion do you have on this project? Care little 17 11.72 Eco-environment protection 83 57.24 Environmental impact during construction phase 54 37.24 Environmental impact during operating phase 12 8.28 19 Do you think What is the main problem needed to pay attention to? Others 2 1.38 Component of consulted objects summary Table 10-5 Item Sort Amount Percent <20 4 2.76 21 30 30 20.69 31 40 73 50.34 41 50 24 16.55 51 60 9 6.21 Age >60 5 3.45 Cadres 101 69.66 Workers 21 14.48 Farmer 3 2.07 Student 2 1.38 Businessman 12 8.28 Occupation Else 6 4.14 Culture degree College and above 54 37.24 Page 141 Technical school 62 42.76 Senior high school 16 11.03 Junior high school 11 7.59 Elementary school 0 0.00 Other 2 1.38 Han 137 94.48 Yi 6 4.14 Nation Other 2 1.38 Problem resolution According to problems and advices concerned by public, mitigation measures and monitoring plan of water, ambient air and acoustic environment were given in the EIA report. Also management organizations and system of implementing environmental protection was brought forward, in order to guarantee environment protection and the project construction to start at the same time. So the EIA report answered the basic questions concerned by public. During the phase of pre-evaluation, two copies of the questionnaires had indifferent attitude toward the project. According to project site investigation and verification, the two consulted persons had no rejection to the project. So no residents held opponent opinion in questionnaires. The investigation shows that about 48.9% persons didn ’t know cleary the compensating policy of land requisition, demolition, and resettlement. Information disclosure must be strengthened to make public know more about the project and the related policies in latter work. More opinion and advice must be absorbed in order to do a better job. Information disclosure Disclosure of the project information was realized through local newspaper, including Panzhihua Daily and Panzhihua Evening on 16 th , September, 17 th September, and 18 th September. The draft EA reports are placed in project management office for public review. For further information, please refer to Appendix 11. Page 142 Conclusions and Recommendations Analysis of project rationality Due to the topography and historical reasons, the environment pollution in Panzhihua is serious. The steel slags and building rubbish are dumped along the riverbanks, causing erosion and pollution on the the Jinsha River water qulity. The urban road network cannot satisfy the demand of the production development, city expansion and trffic demand growth. The developmetn of tertiary industry and secondary industry is unbalanced, while the GDP growth has been achieved with the cost of resource squandering and environment pollution. The project can improve the water quality of the Jinsha River, beautify Panzhihua City, improve traffic condition and eco-environment, promote the optimization of industry structure and offer new development space for Panzhihua. So the proposed project meets with the master plan and the traffic plan of Panzhihua City. The project consists of environment improvement project along the Jinsha River and the last section of Bingren Road. Multiplicate alternative schemes have been proposed for each subproject during the design phase. The analysis on the alternative schemes shows that the proposed schemes are rational from the view of environmental protection. Assessment conclusion of environmental status Panzhihua city is located in the valley of the Jinsha River, belonging to southwest mountainous area of Sichuan Province. The mountains, hills and valleys are crisscross. The river vally is deep slotting, the terrain is rugged and the elevation difference exists largely. The region is located in the center of the climatic region of the Jinsha River valley. The climate is hot and dry. The sunshine is abundant, and temperature diference is large in one day but small in the whole year. The annual difference of the precipitation of Panzhihua City is relatively large and the precipitation distributes unevenly within a year. The difference between dry and wet season is obvious, and the evaporation capacity is great. The climate is comparatively dry in the whole year. The soil erosion type is mainly sheet erosion and gully ersion, accompanied with gravititional erosion, such as partial landslide and debris flow. The most serious soil erosion takes place along the Jinsha River, while the banks of the Yalong River and the Anning River are secondary. The area of soil erosion of the whole city is 4247.61 km 2 which accounts 57.13 percent of the total. The annual soil erosion quantity is 13,219,000 t. The wild animal species are extremely rich within the boundaries of Panzhihua. The zonal vegetation is evergreen broad-leaved forest. According to the project site investigation, there are no rare or precious wild animals and vegetation in the project region. Panzhihua is a heavy industrial city. In the region, water environment has been polluted, and the ambient air and acoustic quality is a little bad. The soil erosion along the Jinsha River is serious. In summary, limited by unique topography, natural condition and historical influence, there exists environmental problems in Panzhihua, and sustainable development of economy has been restricted. However, there’s no important environmental problem that restrict the construction of the proposed project. Page 143 Assessment conclusion of the environmental impact According to the characteristics during construction and operation phase, and the analysis on environmental status, the impact on environment brought by the project consists of positive and adverse impact. Main positive impact The environment impact benefit brought by the proposed project mainly includes landscape benefit, social benefit, environment benefit and economic benefit. The environment improvement project along the Jinsha River will clear away the scattered construction slags along the river, and protect the riverside industrial solid waste. It can effectively prevent the river to be polluted by man made rubbish and industrial solid waste. It can also reduce the soil erosion in the Jinsha River basin and protect water environment of the Jinsha River. At the same time, it will beautify the urban environment, improve the city image and environment. The construction of the upper section of Binjiang Road and the last section of Bingren Road will relax traffic tension in the city, improve traffic condition, and indirectly facilitate the economic and social development of Panzhihua. Moreover, due to the construction of the last section of Bingren Road, city space will be widened. It can create condition for the tertiary industry development and economic structure optimization. After the construction of the Bingren Road, the price of the land along the road will rise. This is favourable to activize land assets and finance to payback the WB loan. Besides, during the operation phase, the city traffic will be smoother, the motor vehicle speed will be higher, and total exhaust emissions may be reduced for the same traffic flow. Thus it will have positive impact on ambient air quality. The project construction will perfect the sewage collecting system of Bingcaogang WWTP, and avoid the water pollution caused by scattered sewage discharge. In summary, the project will act a positive role in improving water quality of the Jinsha River. Main adverse impact and mitigation measures The forecast results of water, ambient air, acoustic, social, and ecology environment show that, the adverse impact is mainly caused by construction and operation of roads, and all the impact would be mitigated by environmental protection measures. (1) Impact during construction phase The construction of the project will cause 441 households and 1111 people resettling, and their original production system will be destroyed. This will have adverse impact on planting and partial economic income. During construction phase, waste water, exhaust gas, solide waste and noise will affect the environmental quality, especially the residential areas in the affected range. The noise during construction period mainly comes from the construction machines and vehicle transportation in such activities as excavating, drilling, explosion, concrete mixing and so on. According to the forecast results, the impact on sensitive spots brought by asphalt smoke is small, but flying dust will affect ambient air seriously. During construction phase, some construction activities such as excavation, waste dumping and land occupying temporarily will destroy the original landform and Page 144 vegetation, and lead partial soil erosion possibly. (2) Impact brought by operation of the proposed roads During the road operation period, the vehicles will affect the acoustic environment along the roads, and disturb their normal living of residents along the roads. Therefore, several feasible mitigation measures should be adopted. (3) Main environmental mitigation measures According to the adverse impact, corresponding protection measures about mitigating impact on water, air, acoustics, ecology environment, resettlement, traffic and others will be adopted. For instances, compensation and resettlement for occupied lands will be adopted to insure resettlements ’ living and production standard improved or not below than their original level at least. The waste water of concrete mixing will be treated before discharging or back-used. Other living sewage during operation phase will be sent to the city’s municipal treatment system. In the construction region, measures include sprinkling and maintaining roads will be adopted. Traffic control will be strengthened and vehicle speed will be limited. Noise-isolated glasses will be fixed for the sensitive spots which the noise exceeds the standard value. The living rubbish will be sent to the dedicated municipal disposal site of Panzhihua. Engineering and plant measures will be adopted to prevent soil erosion. On the other hand, environmental management and monitoring plan will be established, insuring each environmental mitigating measure could be put into effect. Compositive assessment conclusion In summary, there’s no environmental factor that restrict the construction of the project. On the contrary, the project to be built will create positive impacts on environment, and its social and economic benefits are evident. The adverse impact may be mitigated or avoided by corresponding environmental mitigationg measures and water and soil conservation measures that put forward in this EIA report. As a whole, the adverse impact is small comparatively. Therefore, from the view of the environmental protection, the proposed project is feasible. Recommendations (1) Carry out the resettlement plan strictly and insure resettlements’ living standard not below than their original level. (2) Strengthen environmental management during construction phase, and mitigate the air and acoustic pollution as far as possible. (3) During construction phase, all of the environmental mitigating measure should be implemented strictly according to the EIA report. Page 145