DAM REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECT CONSTRUCTION OF ADDITIONAL SPILLWAY AT HIRAKUD DAM, IN SAMBALPUR DISTRICT, ODISHA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EXECUTIVE SUMMARY) Submitted By Department of Water Resources Government of Odisha January, 2018 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam EXECUTIVE SUMMRY E.1 INTRODUCTION: Project specific Environmental Impact Assessment study has been conducted for the proposed additional spillway at Hirakud dam in Sambalpur district of Odisha state proposed as a flood protection measures. The additional spillways have been proposed on the left bank dyke of the existing reservoir. The proposed project will include spill way with 243m long approach channel and RCC spill channel for a length of 2.14 km. The Central Water Commission have organised to obtain consent of the World Bank for Phase-I and included the Project in the Bank aided ongoing Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP). As a pre-requisite of World Bank funding; various project interventions due upon construction of Left bank additional spillway need to be studied to ensure environmental and social compliance. This EIA/EMP is specifically prepared for implementation of additional spillway at the left bank dyke (Phase - I). The main objective of the Environment Assessment Study is to identify the potential environmental impacts due to the proposed project as well as to formulate the measures for mitigating those environmental impacts at various stages of the project. The study report also covers the specific requirement of World Bank Policy on environment and social safeguards. E.2 NEED OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT: While the enormously rich water resources of Hirakud Dam continues to remain the mainstay of Odisha’s agricultural prosperity & Hydropower potentiality, it has experienced growing concern since last two decades in working out alternatives for managing exceptional flood events when the reservoir is maintained at its maximum holding capacity. The Central Water Commission (CWC), the apex technical body of ministry of water resources (MoWR) Govt. of India have conducted protracted study of the Hydrology of River Mahanadi and agreed to the revision of Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) with a peak value at 69632 m3/sec. The consequences of this upwards revision of PMF against the existing Release Capacity of 42450 m3/sec through the entire existing 34 nos. of spillway gates & 64 nos. of under sluice gates of Hirakud Dam, will imperatively raise grave safety concerns in negotiating the excess flood release of 24182 m3/sec. In this prospective, the Union Ministry as well as the State Government (GoO) have expressed urgent intentions to workout viable alternative for safe passing of the additional flood so as to restore safety of Hirakud Dam. Thus, the Central Water Commission (CWC) in consultation with experts from dam safety organisation, engineers from the State Water Resources Department (SWRD) and national level consultants have carried out protracted discussions in several sittings to work out a most feasible alternative for a safe release of the excess flood from Hirakud dam during the event of PMF. The decision emanated from the meetings of the experts was unanimous on the strategy.  Release of the excess flood at the events of a PMF through construction of additional spillway structures, one at the left bank dyke near Gandhi Hillock and the other on the right dyke with its spill falling into Juanjhaor nalla.  In the process, the reservoir water level may encroach the free board by 1.om thereby the MWL may rise up to El 193.02m (i.e. FRL 192.02m +1.0m rise). It was decided to implement the above expert committee recommendations in two phases. Phase-I: Construction of additional spillway at the left bank dyke on the second saddle of Gandhi hillock, with releasing arrangements through 5 gates each of size 15m X 15m and releasing capacity of 9122cumsec. This phase is herein after referred to as Project. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-1 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Phase-II: Construction of additional spillway on the right dyke across Juanjhor nalla with releasing arrangements through 8 nos. gates, each of size 15m X 10m and releasing capacity of 9057 cumsec. The State Water Resource Department (SWRD), Govt. of Odisha expressed intentions to implement the Project works expeditiously through World Bank funding assistance for Phase-I. The Phase-II will be taken up after completion of Phase-I following all the environmental and social assessment requirements. E.3 NEED & OBJECTIVE OF EIA STUDY: The construction activities of the proposed project will remain adjacent to the existing left dyke and within the project owned land for Hirakud dam project. However, the project interventions will considerably impact the existing environment as well as the social infrastructure in and around the project areas. Submergence of land, construction of new spillway, dykes and spill channel etc. will cause change of land use apart from displacement of population. It was imperative to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment Study (EIA) and prepare Site Specific Environmental Management Plan (SSEMP) to minimise the project induced impacts. E.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY: The scope of the study included the following issues. (i) Review of the project features. (ii) Review of the Acts, Policies and regulatory frame work. (iii) Baseline Assessment of Environmental and Social Components. (iv) Analysis of alternatives (v) Mitigation Measures and Management Plan (vi) Monitoring Mechanism & Capacity Building. (vii) Cost analysis and Budget E.5 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The works under this project are featured with:  Construction of one additional spillway structure located at the left bank dyke between RD 701m (2300ft) and 1646m (5400ft) and 243m downstream of the Hirakud reservoir.  It is proposed to cut open the left dyke for 945m length and lead the reservoir water to the spillway structure through an approach channel.  The spread of water will be contained by two small connecting earth dams at either side of the spillway.  The excess flood water will be released through the proposed additional spillway through its 5 No. gates each of size 15m X 15m which will be discharged to the river Mahanadi by means of a 250m wide X 2.14 km long well designed RCC spill channel.  A bridge will be constructed across the channel for facilitating access between communities of two opposite sides of spill channel.  The location of the project, general topography and proposed hydraulic structures are shown in following map. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-2 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam E.5.1 Salient Features of Project: The summary details of the project features in regard of its finalized location and structural components etc. are depicted below in Table E-1. Table E-1: SALIENT FEATURES OF PROJECT Features for finalised location Sl. No. Item/ Components Details Project Location 1.  Location of Spillway 243m downstream of first gap left dyke of Hirakud Dam in structure Hirapur Notified Area Committee (NAC) in Sambalpur district, Odisha  Geo-coordinates of the Latitude: 210 32’ 52.15” present location Longitude: 830 53’ 58.03” Latitude: 210 32’ 54.38” Longitude: 830 53’ 54.8”  Township & Railway Entire proposed project area is located in Hirakud. Nearest station township Burla; Hirakud Railway Station on East Coast Railway is located about 8 km away. Spillway 2.  Discharge capacity 9122m3/sec (3.22 lakh cusecs)  Length of spillway 91.00m (5 nos. Bays each 15m)  Length of Abutments 52.00m/78.00m (Left/Right) CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-3 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Features for finalised location Sl. No. Item/ Components Details  No. and Size of spillway 5 nos. each @ 15m x 15m gates  Crest elevation EL 177.00m  Dam top elevation EL 195.68m  Width of Spillway Bridge 7.50m Connecting Dykes (Left / 3. Right) (Left / Right)  Length of Earthen Dykes 640m/384m  Top elevation of Dykes  Geo-coordinates at the EL 195.68m/195.68m butting points with main 1. Latitude: 210 33’ 0.54” Dyke. Longitude:830 54’ 12.56” 2. Latitude: 210 32’ 52.15” Longitude:830 53’ 58.09” 3. Latitude: 210 32’ 54.38” Longitude:830 53’ 54.8” 4. Latitude: 210 33’ 2.6” Longitude: 830 53’ 44.4” Approach channel 4.  Length of approach channel 243.00m  Width of approach channel 120.00m  Bed level of channel EL 167.00m (Approx.) Spill Channel Concrete lined Section 5.  Stilling Basin Invert EL 147.00m  Bed level of channel at the EL 158.00m beginning  Tail water level (approx.) EL 173.00m  Length of Spill Channel/ 2.14km/ S=1:3000 slope  Width of Spill Channel 120m width x 714m length /200m width (till outfall point) excluding transition length. 6. Construction of bridge over The bridge will be located at the existing main road. spill channel 7. Settlement Gandhinagar, Gujatal, First gap colony, Laxminagar, Re-rolling colony, Cable Colony, and Prem Nagar of Hirakud NAC. 8. Affected Household A total of 716 households settled in 7 habitation area are going to be affected 8. Tree Felling In Reserve Forest Area: 115 nos. In Non Forest Area : 3595 nos. The predominant tree species are Mango, Cassia Siamea, Neem, etc. There is no Rare, Endangered or Threatened species CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-4 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Features for finalised location Sl. No. Item/ Components Details 9. Forest Diversion 9.441 ha. of forest land to be diverted In Lamdungri Reserve Forest 10. Affected common Property Temples and ‘Bijesthalis’ - 11 Resources “Puja Mandap” -1 Crematoria structure -1 Primary schools -2 High school -1 Anganwadi centre -4 10. Utility Shifting Water supply pipeline network to Burla and Sambalpur. Electric line Major roads - 2 nos. 11. Project Cost Cost of project is Rs. 590.00 Crores on 2016 price level. E.6 ACTS, POLICY & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK: Acts, policies & institutional frameworks of the Govt. of India, Govt. of Odisha as well as relevant safeguard policies of the World Bank were reviewed for preparation of the Environmental and Social Management Plan and the Resettlement Action Plan. The relevant Acts, Policies, Legislations and Guidelines applicable to the project pertaining to the Environmental and Social safeguard are stated below in Table E-2. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-5 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Table No. E-2: Relevant Acts, Policies, Legislations and Guidelines applicable to the project Acts, Policies and Key requirement Applicability Type of permit and stage of Administrative Authority and Responsibility Notifications applicability indicative time frame for grant of permission Environment To protect and improve overall Applicable Environment Clearance MoEF&CC, six months SPMU/IA (Chief Protection Act 1986 Environment. (Considering one season data as Engineer and Basin per approved TOR) Manager, Upper Mahanadi basin, Burla) EIA Notification 14th To protect and improve overall Applicable Environment Clearance required MoEF&CC, six months SPMU/IA (Chief Sep 2006 And Environment. Requires prior for the construction of the (Considering one season data as Engineer and Basin amendment till date environmental clearance for new, additional spillway per approved TOR) Manager, Upper modernization and expansion Mahanadi basin, projects listed in schedule 1 of EIA Burla) Notification, 2006 Applicable Environment Clearance at the SEIAA /DEIAA during Contractor Construction stage for borrowing construction phase earth, query for stone & sand as applicable 3months Air (Prevention and An act to prevent and control Air Applicable Consent to Establish (CTE) & SPCB Govt. of Odisha during Contractor Control of Pollution) Act, pollution Consent to Operate (CTO) for establishment of Batching plant & 1981, 1987 Batching plant & stone crushers stone crushers 3 to 4 months Water Prevention and An act to prevent and control water Applicable Consent to Establish &Consent to SPCB Govt. of Odisha during Contractor Control of Pollution) Act, Pollution. Operate. for Batching plant & establishment of Batching plant & 1974, 1988 stone crushers stone crushers 3 to 4 months Noise Pollution Ambient Noise Standards for Applicable No permits issued under this act. SPCB Govt. of Odisha Contractor (Regulation and different areas and zones However the Contractor has to Control Rules) 2000 and comply with the standard limits amendment till date during construction CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-6 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Acts, Policies and Key requirement Applicability Type of permit and stage of Administrative Authority and Responsibility Notifications applicability indicative time frame for grant of permission Hazardous & Other Protection to general public against Applicable Authorization for storage and SPCB Odisha Contractor Wastes (Management Improper handling storage and handling Hazardous waste And Trans-boundary disposal of hazardous Waste. The Movement) Rules, 2016 rules prescribe the management requirement of hazardous wastes from its generation to final Disposal. MSIHC Rules, Usage and storage of hazardous Applicable No specific permit is required, -Do- Contractor 2000 material however precautions defined under the material safety datasheets should be followed for use of hazardous substances (like paint solvents) listed under the schedules attached to this notification if any proposed to be used. Safety audit and other requirements should have to be complied if storage quantity exceeds the regulated threshold limit Construction To manage the construction and Applicable Approval required from local SPCB Odisha contractor and Demolition demolition waste authorities, if waste generation is Waste Management >20 tons in a day or 300 tons per Rules, 2016 project in month Plastic waste To manage the plastic waste Applicable No authorization to be obtained. SPCB, Odisha Contractor Management generated Waste Management and Rules, 2016 Minimization to be done. Fee to be paid to local bodies, if applicable The Batteries To regulate the disposal and recycling Applicable No specific registration Required. -Do- -Do- (Management and of lead acid batteries Compulsion to buy and sale Handling) Rules 2001 through Registered vendor only CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-7 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Acts, Policies and Key requirement Applicability Type of permit and stage of Administrative Authority and Responsibility Notifications applicability indicative time frame for grant of permission The Forest To protect forest by restricting Applicable Forest Clearance / Permission for Regional Office of MoEF&CC, Chief Engineer and (Conservation) Act, 1980 conversion of forested areas into non- tree cutting. State Forest Dept. Basin Manager and amendments forested areas and deforestation Upper Mahanadi The Forest 8 to 10 months basin, Burla (conservation) Rules 1981 and Amendments till date Explosive Act 1884 & Safe transportation, storage and use Applicable Permission for storage and usage DC, Chief Controller of -Do- Explosive Rules, 2008 of explosive material, blasting site of explosive Explosives, Govt. of India and safe distance 2 months Central Motor To minimize the road accidents, Applicable No permit issued under this Act Motor Vehicle Licensing Authority -Do- Vehicle Act 1988 and penalizing the guilty, provision of however the contractor has to of the Region.- amendment compensation to victim and family ensure proper licence PUC, Regional Transport Officer Central Motor and check vehicular air and noise permits as required Vehicle Rules, 1989 and Pollution. amendments till date The Gas Cylinder Rules To regulate the storage of gas / Applicable License to store gas cylinder more Chief Controller of Explosives, Contractor 2004 possession of gas cylinder more than than the regulated quantity. Govt. of India the exempted quantity Building & Other To regulate the employment and Applicable Obtaining labourer licence Dist. Labour Commissioner Contractor Construction workers condition of service of building and (Regulation of other construction workers and to Employment & provide for their safety, health and Condition of Service) welfare measures In addition to the above Acts and Rules, the Contractor has to comply with the various Labour Rules such as Factories Act, 1948; Employees State Insurance Act, 1948; Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923; Minimum Wages Act, 1948 The Inter-state Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 , etc. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-8 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Safeguard policies of the World Bank were also consulted in regard of the Environmental and social Management Considerations. Relevant World Bank Safeguard Policies are mentioned below. Sl.No. WB Safeguard Objective & Purpose Applicability Policies 1. OP/BP-4.01 The objective of this policy is to Triggered ensure that the Bank financed project Environmental is environmentally sound and Assessment sustainable. 2. OP/BP-4.04 The policy prioritizes conservation of Triggered, while no Natural Habitats for long term project endangered species are Natural Habitat sustainability. found in the project area, however, there The Bank therefore expects the may be potential Borrower to suggest appropriate substantial loss of measures for protection maintenance ecological functions and rehabilitation of Natural Habitats provided by trees that in the study report. will be cut during the construction process. the EMP has provision for afforestation and mitigation measures. 3. OP-4.36 Forestry The policy gives importance to Triggered. Since restoration of forest eco-system, construction of which entails management and Additional Spillway at conservation methods of forest flora Hirakud Dam will fauna and wildlife. Since a part of the involve diversion of RF is likely to be affected, the Bank 9.441 hectare of forest expects that these aspects need to be land. It will involve included in the report along with removal of around proposal to restore forest health and 3600 trees and a EMP welfare of the indigenous people who will include are dependent on forest produce. afforestation of double the number of trees. 4. OP/BP – 4.37 The policy enforces adequate Triggered as it is measures for ensuring safety of dams additional structure of Safety of dams during its life cycles. the existing dam and has been covered under dam break analysis 5. OP/BP – 4.12 The policy objective is to avoid Triggered as project involuntary displacement and envisage displacement Involuntary resettlement as far as practicable by of squatters (716 displacement exploring viable alternatives. It also households); all are and resettlement emphasizes approach to improve the non-title holders living standards of the displaced people, encourages community participation in implementation of resettlement activities and provide assistance to the affected people regardless of their legal status on title of the land. 6. OP 4.10 The policy aims at restoring Triggered, Among the the rights and cultural dignity affected population Indigenous People of the indigenous people while CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-9 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Sl.No. WB Safeguard Objective & Purpose Applicability Policies ensuring receipt of proper few numbers of tribal social and economic benefits. have been recorded. Tribal development plan has been prepared for affected tribal group. 7. OP N 4.11 The policy emphasizes preservation of Not Triggered, no cultural property in the project area, archaeological site or Cultural property restoration of archaeological unique environmental monuments and unique features is located in environmental features. the project area. However, 11 nos. of temples, 1 crematoria building will be affected. 8. OP 4.09 The policy helps manage the effect of Triggered. It is pests on agriculture and health and envisaged that no provides support to strategies which pesticide will be promote the use of biological or procured under the environmental control methods and project and only reduces reliance on synthetic chemical treatment chemical pesticides. which is a practice during forest management in India will be carried out. However, in the interest to ensure no pesticide is use, the policy is triggered. E.7 BASELINE ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS: Baseline survey was carried out in the study area of the sub-project to establish the existing environmental and social status. This included the study of Physical, Biological and Socio-economic environment in and around the project study area. It also included collection of Secondary data such as Topography, Geology, Meteorology, Seismicity and Flora, Fauna status. In the process of Data collection and compilation, DoWR records were consulted, information obtained from Dam Safety Organisation, Hirakud Dam Authorities, some credible Organisations of the State and Central Government and Literature Consultations. E.7.1 The Study Area: The study area covers core zone and zone of influence. The core zone covers the area involved for construction of dykes, spill way and spill channel which is confined to 170m on either side from the centre line of the proposed alignment of the spillway, approach channel and spill channel. The influence zone of the project for monitoring of environmental parameters such as air, water soil, etc is described with River Mahanadi flowing West to East direction forming the southern boundary while the Hirakud dam forms the western and northern boundary and the eastern boundary is demarcated by a line 500m from centre of the spill channel, whereas for the wildlife sanctuary the zone of influence is considered 10km from the centre of the spillway. The study included analysis of physical, ecological and socio-economic environment to establish the baseline environmental conditions in and around the project area and the likely impacts on these components due to the projects. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-10 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam E.7.2 Summary of Baseline Data: Some of the baseline information / data considered for environmental and social impact assessment are summarised below. LAND ENVIRONMENT: 1. Physiography The topography of the study area exhibits undulating features; the highest elevation is around 278m AMSL over hill ranges and gradually sloping to the minimum at 160m AMSL. 2. Seismicity The project area comes under seismic zone III which implies influences as moderate damage risk zone. 3. Land use The study area exhibits 19.76% of land as settlement, 60.87% as agricultural land, 12.06% as forest cover, 5.07% as plantation area and 2.22% area exhibits small water bodies. 4. Soil quality Soil sampling was done at Gandhi Nagar and Bahadurpada. The soil type is slightly acidic, pH varying from 6.1 to 6.4 with moisture content 13-14%. The conductivity ranges between 114.6 to 169.7micro mho/cm. The N, P, K contents remain at healthy standards. 5. Land erosion There is moderate to low land erosion seen around the denudated hill ranges of Gandhi hillock. 6. Meteorology Rainfall: Normal Annual Rainfall is 1415.1mm. The maximum rainfall recorded in year 2012 as 1964.7 mm. Temperature: The observed maximum temperature during the study period was 440C (2016) and minimum 250C. The average maximum temperate is 450C in May and average minimum temperate is 100C in Dec. & January. Relative humidity: The observed maximum relative humidity was 68% and the minimum is 35%. 7. Hydrology The study area features two streams which becomes responsible for draining the area effectively. The major stream is river Mahanadi across which the dam is constructed. The area in the south of the Gandhi Hillock is found to be well drained with S-W slope leading to Mahanadi River. The probable maximum flood of Hirakud dam with peak value is estimated to be 69632 m3/sec AIR QUALITY 8. Air Quality Ambient Air Quality was monitored with respect to PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx, CO & HC at 4 locations around the core zone to assess the existing status of air quality in the area during the month of May - June, 2016. The particulate matter PM10 ranges between 71.22 g/m3 to 94.7 g/m3, PM2.5 ranges between 35.6 g/m3 to 54.9 g/m3, SO2 concentration ranged from 4.7 g/m3 to 11.1 g/m3, NOX ranged between <9 g/m3 to 14.1 g/m3. All the parameters are within the maximum permissible limit. NOISE LEVEL CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-11 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam LAND ENVIRONMENT: 9. Noise Level Noise level monitoring was done at 4 locations, near the Air Monitoring stations. These monitoring stations are located in residential areas. the day time noise limit varies from 42.1 dB (A) to 51.4 dB (A) and the night time limit ranges between 35.2 dB (A) to 45.3 dB (A). The observed noise levels are well within the prescribed ambient noise level standards. WATER ENVIRONMENT 10. Surface Water Surface water samples were taken from 5 locations; of which 3 no. are quality from Ponds and one from Reservoir on upstream and one at downstream of the Mahanadi river (proposed spillway). Chemical analysis of surface water conducted for 22 parameters which are furnished in Table No. C4-19 reveal that the water quality conforms to the tolerance limit under IS:2296 and considered as “Class C” of Use based classification. 11. Ground Water Two nos. of groundwater samples were analysed i.e., one hand pump quality near Nilakantha Temple and the other near the office campus. Chemical analysis of groundwater was conducted for 28 parameters which is furnished in Table No. C4-18. The result reveal that water quality conforms to IS:10500-2012 at desirable limit. 12. Groundwater The pre-monsoon ground water level in the project area was found to be level 3.15m BGL. 13. Sediment To determine sources of heavy metals and pesticides in sediment sample Quality was collected from the periphery of the reservoir and was analysed. The test results revealed that the sediments carry negligible amount of heavy metals and pesticides. 14. Drainage pattern The major River is Mahanadi across which the dam is constructed. The study area features two local seasonal streams which becomes responsible for draining the area effectively. The area in the south of the Gandhi Hillock is found to be well drained with S-W slope leading to Mahanadi River. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 1. Forest cover and The proposed spill channel pass through Lamdungri Reserved Forest Biodiversity is located on the hill having an area of 490 Ha. This is a scrub and degraded forest with scanty vegetation. The predominant tree species are Mango, Neem, Chakunda, etc The project will require diversion of 9.441ha of forest area from this Reserved Forest located in Sambalpur Forest Division. The floral population in the project alignment does not include any endangered or threaten tree species. No Schedule-1 species of wild animals found in the area. However, snake, monitor lizard, mongoos, etc are observed. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-12 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam About 23 bird species were noticed during the study. List furnished in Table No. C4-28. These are all local species and none of them attract the Schedule-1 category. No migratory birds are reported in the proposed area. Common fish species like Kau, Balia, Magura, Todi, etc are observed in local ponds. 2. Location of eco- There is no wildlife sanctuary or Biosphere Reserve in the study area. sensitive areas The nearest wildlife sanctuary is Debrigarh Sanctuary, which is located at 13.0km away from the project at its western direction. There bis no migratory route of wild animals located in the project area. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 1. Affected families A total of 716 households settled in 7 habitations of Hirakud are going to be affected which are Gandhinagar, Gujatal, First gap colony, Laxminagar, Re-rolling colony, Cable Colony and Prem Nagar. Demography profile of these PAPs, as assessed during survey, has been summarised in para 4.5.1 of Chapter 4 of the EIA report. 2. Archaeological There are no Archaeological monuments or historical importance monuments places found within 10 kms from Hirakud dam. 3. Cultural features There exist one or more temples in almost every village. There are about 11 temples and ‘bijesthalis’, 5 holy grooves and a “puja mandap” located in the study area. One Crematoria is recently built from benevolent fund alongside of river embankment towards the Mahanadi river. This structure is falling within the proposed alignment of spill channel near confluence point of proposed spill channel and river and will require relocation. There are 2 primary schools, 1 high school and 4 numbers of Anganwadi centers located within the study area which will be affected due to the project 4. Infrastructure Two major road connections from the nearby habitations to approach the Dam proper will be cut off by the proposed spill channel. A water treatment plant is located at about 150 m towards right hand side of the proposed spill channel in Taranagar which is connected with drinking water supply network for Hirakud/ Burla and Sambalpur Towns. This pipeline network may get affected due to this project implantation. 5. Livelihood Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for the affected population. 14 Households depend on Agriculture who use to cultivate vegetables and sale in nearby urban area. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-13 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Though the proposed project displacement area is situated in a very close proximity of the Dam, still no household is going to be affected of fisherman category who use to depend on fishing for their livelihood. E.8 STAKEHOLDERS AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION:  During the process of baseline assessment, formal and informal discussions were held with Govt. officials and individuals of the project affected locality, including women and tribal inhabitants.  Stake holders for EIA study were identified and indicated in the Table below. Stake-Holders Central Government State Government Organisation Local Public Organisation [GoI] [GoO]  Central Water  Water Resources  Inhabitants of project Commission(CWC) [for Department(SWRD) influence area around CPMU/MoWR]  Dam Safety Organisation proposed project  Dam Safety & Rehabilitation of  Forest and Wildlife Department  Project affected Projects (MoWR)  Public Health Department persons  Designated consultants of  Revenue Department(District  NGOs & Nagarik CPMU (EGIS) Collector, RRO and Tahsildar) committee  Local Municipality authorities  Fisheries cooperative  Local village committees, society E.8.1 Issue Discussed: Some significant issues linked to the project were discussed with stakeholders in several meetings. Issues which have environmental and social concern are mentioned below.  Intensity of rainfall and recording mechanism of inflow in to Hirakud reservoir.  Downstream flooding problems during release of excess flood from Hirakud dam.  Locational as well as structural aspects of the proposed left bank additional spillway.  Reservoir operation and alarm system  Environmentally sensitive features in the vicinity  Local issues arising out of submergence  Resettlement of displaced people  Tourism development prospects  Construction related issues CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-14 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Sl. Issues Raised Stakeholder Issues Raised/Suggestions Addressal consulted 1. Disruption of utility services Project authority, Disruption of utilities and services as the The existing pipeline and electric poles will be Public Health Proposed channel will intersect the relocated at project cost. Engineering supply line The Dam Authority will deposit the estimated Organisation and Relocation of water supply pipeline and amount to the line department for relocation and will water users. other utilities provide all necessary support in facilitating the relocation process. 2. Damage to the existing road Project authority, Re-linking of approach road to Gandhi Agreed to construct a bridge across spill channel network and closure of the area local people and Minar disrupted by Spill Channel. prior to cutting of the road and construction of on the other side of the channel consultant. channel in the affected location. 3. Impact on Temples and Project authority, Local residents raised the issue of impact Project authority agreed to shift all the affected Crematoria consultant and local on temples and crematoria and requested temples and crematory to the adjacent area beyond inhabitant to shift this structure in the adjacent land proposed channel in consultation with the local before construction of channel to avoid people/user community interference with rituals and inconvenience to the user community. 4. Fishery in dam Fishing community, The Fishery Cooperative Society The Chief Engineer, Hirakud Dam assured that they Representative of representative informed that there are 10 will explore the possibility to provide additional area Fishery Co-operative Fishery Cooperative Society involve in for pond development within the Dam area. society, Chief fishing from Hirakud Reservoir, but they Engineer, SE, do not have facility such as pond for representatives from fingerling development. WB, EGIS and They requested for provision of ponds CEMC for development of fingerlings in project land along the dam. They Society people gave their consent that they will maintain the pond if they are allotted the same It was also informed by the Fishery Department and the Fishermen Society the no fishing is done on the reservoir towards left dyke, near proposed area. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-15 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Sl. Issues Raised Stakeholder Issues Raised/Suggestions Addressal consulted 5. Disruption in Electricity supply Junior Manager from The department has to draw 11kv line electricity dept., along the bridge or supply electricity Chief Engineer, SE, from Burla side supply to Gujatala, representatives from Gandhinagar etc. If supply from the WB, Egis and CEMC Burla side then a transformer will be needed. So as alternate arrangement they can provide electric supply to villages from both sides. 6. Wildlife movement DFO, Sambalpur, No wildlife from Debrigarh sanctuary The Dam Authority agreed to provide surplus top Chief Engineer, SE, approaches Hirakud Dam. soil if the Forest Department is interested to take the representatives from soil for development of the degraded forest area in The dug up earth from spill-way should WB, Egis and CEMC the Lamdungri Reserve Forest area. The site for not be dumped on forest land. The dumping of the top soil will be given by the The excess of earth material and excess of earth material and top soil after Reserved forest for the quantity they intent to use. top soil after utilization utilization by project can be dumped at nearby places of degraded forest in consultation with forest department, so that the earth material can be utilized by forest department at a lesser cost for plantation purpose in the degraded forest. Forest dept. expressed their interest to take top soil for thier use in plantation 7. Compensation for the house, Affected person of the They were interested to know the All the affected persons are squatters and fall under structure and property area compensation package and the project Non-titleholder Category. authority describe that the package will The Project Authority informed the people that they be disclosed after finalization of the have already appointed Consultant for SIA study package by the state govt. and preparation of R&R Policy which will require approval of the State Government. The affected persons will be compensated according to the R&R Policy. 8. Pollution Affected person of the The local people express their concern Periodical water sprinkling will be carried out in and area, Project authority about the dust generation and around the proposed project alignment to curb the and consultant deterioration of air quality in the area. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-16 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Sl. Issues Raised Stakeholder Issues Raised/Suggestions Addressal consulted They also inform that sometime they dust generation. This aspect has already addressed in face air pollution problem in the area due the EMP adequately. to HINDALCO Factory. Dust generation during excavation, demolition and construction of spill channel 9. Public Safety/ Inconvenience Affected person of the Issues raised by public regarding safety All safety arrangements such as hard barricading, during construction area, Project authority issues during construction activities. the delineators, Caution signboards, lighting etc, will be and consultant project authority assured that all safety provided along the construction zone near habitation measures will be taken during area. This has been addressed in the EMP and will construction and will be strictly be responsibility of the Contractor. monitored. Disruption of Public moment The same will be strictly monitored. during construction as the alignment will cross the road. The project authority The public may complain to the Dam Authority if informed that a bridge will be they find any incidence of lapsed through grievance constructed across the spill channel prior redressal mechanism. to the excavation activities in the road network to ensure uninterrupted traffic movement. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-17 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam E.8.2 The Second Level Public Consultation: The second Level Public Consultation meeting on Environmental Impact Assessment, Social Impact Assessment Reports and R&R issues of Proposed Additional Spillway Project of Hirakud Dam, Sambalpur was held on 26th September, 2017 at 10.00 A.M. in-front of Nehru Udyan, Gandhinagar as per the notification no. 550, dated. 11.09.2017 issued by office of the District Collector, Sambalpur. The meeting was chaired by Sri Trilochan Majhi, Additional District Magistrate, Sambalpur and representatives from various organizations such as District Administration, Department of Water Resources, Hirakud Dam Project, State Pollution Control Board, Police Department, Sambalpur Municipal Corporation, Public Works Department, EGIS Expert Consultant, Odisha Construction Corporation Limited, Centre for Envotech and Management Consultancy Pvt. Ltd. were participated along with Public representatives/ Local leaders, Project Affected Persons and media representatives. The meeting was started by the welcome address of Chief Engineer and Basin Manager and he briefed about the need of the project with its technical aspects. ADM, Sambalpur, described the audience about the purpose of the Public Consultation. This is followed by explanation regarding World Bank’s policy, requirement by Dr.Surjit Singh Dipak, Egis. The representatives from CEMC Pvt. Ltd. explained about the Environmental and Social Impact due to the project. The R&R package for project affected persons was explained by special LAO, Sambalpur. The Project Affected Persons were given a chance to raise their doubts and queries after detailed deliberation by administration. Some of the issues raised by the public are related to technical matter where as rest are of social nature. The issues were clarified by Chief Engineer and officials from district administration. The proceeding of consultation meeting and list of the members present in the meeting are given in the Annexure -6.2. E.9 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS ON VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS: Environmental impacts due to various project components were predicted concerning three important phases of project cycle; namely the pre-construction phase, construction phase and operation phase. Some significant impacts predicted in each of those phases are briefed below. Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Land Lamdungri RF  Change of landuse  To Carryout plantation on acquisition across the spill  Landscape Non forest open land as per channel alignment degradation approved C.A. Plan (Forest land)  Loss of forest, flora, fauna Land Land for other  Landscape  Ensure implementation of the acquisition project requirements degradation approved RAP/payment of such as  Affects natural compensation (Govt. land) Borrow area, drainage  Removal of debris through Dumping yard,  Contamination contract agencies Approach road and Water of existing  Avoid effluent discharge as labour colony surface water and well as solid waste disposal groundwater sources from the work site either to the reservoir water body or to Downstream of river.  Cement Slurry, lubricants, oils contained in the wash water (Curing) should be CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-18 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities primarily led to a sedimentation pond before leading it to the water body. Resettlement and Shifting of  Displacement of  Float Notices to Owner rehabilitation habitations (Parts) population agencies well ahead of adjacent to left side  Loss of property- dismantling action of Hirakud Dam, livelihood  Ensure evacuation of affected due to  Dismantling of occupants and shifting submergence and private, Govt. and  Involve district administration construction religious structures, for maintaining law & order activities. public utilities etc. situation  Socio-economic  Compensation and payment disturbance of and other benefits will be indigenous made as per RAP community, vulnerable people. Utility Shifting Social infrastructure  Affects religious and  Moderate social Impacts (till  Temple cultural rights of relocation)  Cremation people  disruption of services like structure  Disruption in potable water supply, traffic  Water works water supply, movement, electricity, electricity  Hirkund water supply line will be realigned before start of construction to ensure continued water supply CONSTRUCTION PHASE: Excavation: For new spillway,  May affect air  Air pollution control spill channel and quality and noise measures to be followed Blasting earth dam structures level for a  Ensure use of PUC vehicles Quarrying temporary period  Dust generated during during construction operation of heavy excavators Borrowing of  Generation of solid should be curbed by water earth waste (Muck) and sprinkling safe muck disposal  Other plants, machineries &  Land erosion- land Equipments are to be degradation maintained properly to  Increased traffic prevent high noise level intensity  Demarcate the ‘No Entry’  Public health and boundary by flagging so as to safety concern. avoid any likely accidents  Displays Signboard / Warnings  Strictly adhere to the recommendation blasting time ( i.e. before sunrise and after sunset) so as to avoid public inconvenience  Organise awareness programme on blasting effects precaution measures and environmental resource management.  Organise periodic health camps  Ensure supervision of blasting activities by experts. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-19 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities  Approved Quarry area should be operated only after obtaining appropriate authority.  : blasting wherever required shall be controlled blasting, Blasting timing will be pre notified to the public. Area will be cordoned off before blasting to ensure safety of people and workers.  Borrow areas will be rehabilitated after use. Prior Environmental clearances shall be obtained its before use.  Use of Work site -  Air pollution (dust  Adopt Air Pollution Control generation) measures like water  Heavy Plant Site  Noise pollution sprinkling machineries (Running period)  Limit hours of quarry  Heavy pumps  Surface water activities to prevent public  Concrete inconvenience quality mixers  Soil pollution.  Use barriers & signals to  Batching Plant reduce public exposure to blasting (if any)  Plants, Machineries & Equipments should be handled properly to minimize dust generations high noise  Green belt development around quarry and crusher site  Deploy PUC vehicles  Ensure providing safety gadgets to workers & Safe working environment  Organise health camps at periodic intervals. Transport of Work site -  Increased traffic  Dust generated during materials and intensity operation of heavy Use of vehicles and haulage of  Air pollution (Dust) machineries should be curbed machineries machinery  Workers and local by water sprinkling people exposure  Machineries & Equipments are to be maintained properly to prevent high noise level  Avoid plying trucks on village roads / populated areas.  Install speed breakers on road  Trucks may be covered with tarpaulin during the carriage. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-20 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities  Ensure routine maintenance of transport vehicles Material handling Stacking yards  Landscape  Dust generated during and storage degradation material handling should be Storage godowns  Soil pollution curbed by water sprinkling  Pollution of water  Use separate storage stacks / quality Bins for different  Obstruction to land construction materials like drainage sand, metal, chips & steels etc.  Provide lined drains between the stacks to collect rainwater which are to be connected to a sedimentation pond before released to natural drains. Hot mix plants Batching plant for  Affect air quality  Locate the Plant at higher concrete mix and noise level elevation & away from  Soil pollution movement of labour force,  Workers and local operational staff people exposure  Limit the hours of operation to minimize exposure  Prevent spreading of plant washouts on land  Effluents should be collected in still ponds; treated & then recycled for road sprinkling purpose  Prior consent shall be obtained from SPCB Debris disposal Dumping yards  Landscape  Dust generated during degradation operation of heavy excavators Stacking areas  Obstruction to land should be curbed by water drainage sprinkling  Water quality  Other plants, machineries & pollution Equipments are to be maintained properly to prevent high noise level  Ensure Air Quality monitoring  Dump Solid wastes in specified dumping areas to minimize Contamination of water.  Provide drainage for waste water through collection ponds.  Project all ground water extraction well if located nearly  Avoid plying trucks on village roads / populated areas.  Install speed breakers on road  Trucks may be covered with tarpaulin during the carriage.  Ensure routine maintenance of transport vehicles CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-21 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities  Backfilling of construction areas to be taken up after construction is over  The waste disposal area is to be levelled / graded  Plantation may be taken up  Select separate disposal sites for useful stones  All disposal will be made as per Construction and demolition debris waste management rule 2018 Labour camps Demarcated area for  Likely loss of green  Select location of camping housing of the labour cover sites away from the worksite Contractor’s force and contractor  Affects local as well as from the existing camps camp ecology villages / Townships.  Sanitation  The contractor should problems maintain the labour camps  Worker’s health properly by sheltering  water pollution outstation labourers & their families; each camp to host around 50 (fifty) families to facilitate safe living.  Minimum requirement of Living by this imported labour force should be provided by the contractor so as to prevent conflicting issues with the neighbouring population/villagers.  The project authority, through the designated contractor, should ensure fulfilling the following requirements. (i) HEALTH FACILITY - Free medical check up - Supply of medicines, - Ambulance for shifting (ii) SANITATION FACILITY /CLEANER ENVIRONMENT - Provide temporary toilets. - Arrange for proper sanitation facilities, (iii) DRINKING WATER SUPPLY - Provide potable drinking water (iv) Supply of Electricity - Provide free electric supply for Minimum domestic use (v) SUPPLY OF FREE FUEL - Ensure supply of free fuel to each labourer family - Prevent collection of fuel wood for cooking (vi) ENFORCING USE OF SAFETY GADGETS CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-22 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam Location / Components Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures Activities - Motivate the labourers to use protective footwear, Head gear, Ear Plugs and goggles etc while on duty during construction period. - Setup First-Aid Centre at the worksite OPERATION PHASE: Monitoring of  Water quality ---  Consistent monitoring, pollution  Sediment quality review of the constraint areas  Groundwater level and resource management in the region renders the implementation process safe and successful. Maintaining safe  Gate operation for  Likely disaster due to  Improved mechanism to alert operational excess flood downstream flooding the D/S localities against mechanism release  Loss of lives and likely flooding will help  Warning system property due to people to stay prepared. improper warning  Dam authorities (SWRD) system. will take steps for advance warning signals.  No direct impact is anticipates on aquatic flora and fauna of the river. E.10 ANALYTICAL FINDINGS FROM IMPACT ASSESSMENT:  Environmental Impacts sectorized in Land Environment, Water Environment, Biological Environment were studied broadly for the implementation phase and Post Implementation Phases of this project.  In the Implementation phase, most of the negative environmental impacts are site specific and relate to construction phase environmental components. Negative impacts of low severity such as soil erosion and soil pollution; Air Noise and water pollution; Drainage and water logging; Generation of construction spoils and their disposal; Transportation and traffic congestion; location of labour camps and Health problem etc. are viewed as Direct-short term-low impacts which are mostly Reversible in nature and does not severely affect the livelihood of the people.  On the other hand; Impact on Flora, Loss of habitats and landscape degradation are viewed as short term but irreversible impacts of low severity.  All the above components responsible for causing moderate social and environmental impacts are categorised as “Category-B” which can be mitigated easily with precautionary measures and standard mitigative methods.  Environmental and Social components like Acquisition of forest land & Private land for project use, Displacement of population marked with loss of property loss of livelihood and Socio cultural bonding etc have long term, irreversible impacts which are of low serving in the instant case. These two components are categorized as “Category-A” whose impacts required specific management plan (such as Forest Diversion Plan & Resettlement Action Plan) and close monitoring of mitigation measures, proposed there in.  Landscaping, tourism development and prospects of Fishery Development are positive impacts of the post-implementation phase besides the priority objective i.e. safety of Hirakud Dam. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-23 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam E.11 MITIGATION MEASURES: It has been established in the analytical review of components and their included impacts as in the previous paragraph that most of them are short termed, reversible and Low severity impacts, reasonably categorised as B-Category. These can be addressed through appropriate mitigation methods and precautionary procedure. Such mitigation measures proposed for environmental and social impacts both for the implementation phase as well as for the post-implementation (Operation) phase are described in chapter-5 of this EIA report. The various mitigation measures for air, water and soil pollution, as well as for other issues such as landscape degradation, increase in plying of vehicles and machineries, health safety are described in detail in chapter 5. E.12 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES: In the event of negotiating the PMF 69,632 cumsec, there would be urgent necessity to release the excess routed flood @ 27,182 cumsec through additional spillways to be constructed over and above the existing spillways and sluices of Hirakud Dam. Without the project the safety is compromised at the time of flooding. So risk will rise if we don’t give additional spill way. We have studied 2 alternatives for additional spill way; one is on top of Gandhi Hill Rock and the other is at the downstream of the hill, near existing left dyke.  It is revealed from the Exploratory Drilling Operations conducted by GSI, that competent foundation strata are not available at the first identified location on the saddle, on Lamdungri forest.  Suggested shifting of the spillway location 700 meters further upstream of the original spillway axis where suitability of foundation confirmed. E.13 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN [EMP]: The Environmental Management Plan [EMP] has been framed on the basis of baseline data, components of the project activities and relevant mitigation measures. While it emphasizes effectiveness of managing the recommended mitigative measures it was necessary to identify credible organizations/agencies which could be made responsible to implement them properly. Budgetary support has been made intrinsic with the management items. Adopted mitigation measures against some significant environmental issues have been broadly discussed in chapter 7 of this EIA document. The EMP will be part of the Tender Document for contractors. E.13.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan [EMOP]: Monitoring being an effective tool for ensuring environmental quality in the project implementation, the EMF delineates Environmental & Social monitoring Plan [EMoP] as essential requirement. Monitoring activities are proposed for (i) Construction phase and (ii) Operation phase till defect liability periods. It is proposed to constitute one monitoring evaluation cell which would carry periodical monitoring of implementation of environmental safe guards. The cell will be headed by chief Engineer /Executive Engineer of implementing agency under whom the team leader an Environment Officer of PMC and EHS experts of the contractors will be working as the members of the cell. The contractor will be directly responsible for implementation of EMP at the site where as the PMC and the IA will be supervisory. A summary table for EMoAP has been prepared showing Environmental indicators; frequency of monitoring; Responsible organisation and individuals which have been furnished in Table No. C7-5 of Chapter 7 in this EIA report. The table may serve as a ready reckoner for the project management unit to facilitate decision making. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-24 EIA/EMP Report for additional spillway of Hirakud dam However the Monitoring format may further be improved, upgraded and modified by the Project Management Unit to suit the site specific requirements. E.13.2 Environment Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Effective environmental grievance redressal mechanism has been developed to receive the grievances from the concern public or other stake holders at the site during construction and to address the issue raised by different agency. The proposed mechanism on grievance redressal on environmental issues is described in Chapter 7. E.13.3 Institutional Arrangement, Training & Capacity Building: An environmentally complied sustainable project needs to have a competent organisation & Institutions support having trained personnel in the background. In this EIA study necessity for Training & Awareness programmes for capacity building has been emphasized. Although the State Water Resources Department (SWRD) is already positioned with efficient, experienced & skilled technical personnel; the state government may consider to impart adequate training for a screened group to be deployed for management of this specifically important Dam safety project of Hirakud Dam. A training module with monitoring Budget has been suggested with most probable time frame, contained in chapter 7 of this EIA document. The State Management Unit may improve or upgrade this as per site specific requirements. E.13.4 Budgetary Support: A cost estimate for amelioration of environment has been suggested with most approximate quantification and component wise expenditure. This estimate has also taken into consideration the probable expenditure on monitoring and capacity Building. A budgetary provision of Rs. 600.667 lakhs or 60.06 Mn rupees has been made for implementation of environmental safeguards as stipulated in the EMP for different stages of the project. CEMC Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary-25