LEBANESE REPUBLIC  COUNCIL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION (CDR)    ROADS & EMPLOYMENT PROJECT  LOAN NO. 8705‐LB  ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL   MANAGEMENT PLAN REPORT  FOR    ROADS ROUTINE MAINTENANCE   (HERMEL CAZA)  March 2024  Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza               Environmental and Social Management Plan  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The Government of Lebanon (GOL) has solicited and obtained World Bank (WB) financing for the Roads and Employment Project (REP). The Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR) is acting as the executing agency on behalf of the GOL and its Council of Ministers (COM). The REP involves maintenance activities that are confined within the alignments of existing roads with no road widening, no involuntary resettlement, and no land acquisition. As such, the WB classified the REP as a category B project that require the preparation of an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for its sub-components. Accordingly, a series of ESMPs were stipulated to be prepared for these roads and put together by CDR in packages for bidding purposes. In this context, CDR awarded the contract number 20379 to TEAM International, hereinafter referred to as the Consultant, to prepare the assessment, design and ESMPs for roads in the Hermel district. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The REP consists of the maintenance activities to be performed during the project, that vary between one road and the other, depending on the road rating in terms of the condition of the pavement, shoulders, potential flooding and drainage, potential landslide/soil erosion and retaining walls, pedestrian walkways. Routine Maintenance activities will be executed for a period of six months, for Hermel Caza, for Primary roads as priority and for Secondary roads where funds are available. This report will further study the Hermel Caza. The land acquisition did not occur during the design of any road under study. In the Hermel district, two primary roads are proposed, whose details are elaborated within the ESMP. There will be no land acquisition in any stage of the project. Project works will only be in public domain. During the execution of maintenance activities, roads will not be closed or shutdown. However, if there is any need for temporary diversion, traffic management will be prepared and the Contractor will secure the access and traffic movement via other alternative routes (if needed) and means in coordination with the related Municipality, to ensure that access to the communities during the maintenance works will not be closed. The duration of the project is 6 months. This duration will be for the maintenance of all the roads. It is assumed that an estimate total number of workers shall range between 10 and 20 labor, 2 Forman, 2 Engineers and 2 skilled drivers on a daily basis. These workers must be hired preferably from the same Caza (including Syrian labors that reside in the concerned project areas). BASELINE ASSESSMENT The environmental and social assessment recorded the existing conditions within the project area including physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions prior the project implementation and operation. Baseline data and field surveys were conducted to describe the status of the following environmental receptors: air quality, water quality, soil quality, geological conditions, climate and meteorology, natural habitats and biodiversity, land- use/land-cover, acoustic environment, cultural resources, and socio-economic conditions (employment opportunities, labor influx, social tensions, labor induced Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) Sexual Harassment (SH), Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). The topography shows the proposed road in the Hermel Caza: Page | I Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    Hermel Primary Road-01 (17.6 km): from Ras Al Assi (next to Qasr El Maalaka restaurant) to Charbine (Qoubaiyat-Qasr Road). The elevations range from732 m to 995 m, respectively. The geology of the studied roads was investigated for outcropping formations, subsurface stratigraphy, structure (faults, folds, seismic, etc.), hydrogeology (groundwater and sea water intrusions) and hydrology (surface water). Assessments showed that all Hermel roads are considered highly sensitive in terms of surface and groundwater vulnerability. In terms of the subsurface, the roads are situated on karsitifed formations that allow the infiltration of any liquid spilled on the surface due to their high permeability characteristics. This can lead to increased likelihood of groundwater contamination. In terms of surface water quality, the roads are in close proximity to Al Assi Perennial River. The climate and meteorological parameters play an important role in the transport and dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. Precipitation is negligible in the summer season between the months of June and September; the highest precipitation is recorded for the month of January. The total precipitation in Baalbek-Hermel, like the rest of Lebanon, shows large variability across years and locations. The wettest month is the month of January with an average rainfall of 127 mm. The average annual precipitation is 594 mm. In addition, at high elevations, snow is common and is expected to affect maintenance activities. As for temperature, the lowest are recorded in January (average at 3° C) and the highest in August (average at 32.8° C). Thus, the impact of the climate on the roads and the traffic flow will be moderate to negligible, with no flash foods nor damage to roads infrastructure. Data regarding air pollution levels in the area was also obtained. The study showed that the major air pollutants induced by traffic include Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulfur oxides (SOx), Hydrocarbons (HC), and Particulate matter (PM). These pollutants are associated with potential adverse health impacts with long-term exposure to atmospheric concentrations exceeding threshold limits. Data were obtained from data gathered from the MOE/ UNDP project, ‘Air quality assessment in an East Mediterranean country: the case of Lebanon, 2014’ which monitored criteria air pollutants. The study showed that the concentrations collected by the MoE stations for all criteria air pollutants in 2018 for the studied area are within the national ambient air quality standards defined by MOE Decision 16/1. Regarding natural habitats and biodiversity, given the nature of the project, the direct influence area concerns existing roads. Consequently, a rapid biological assessment has been carried out to draw the ecological profile of the adjacent areas to the concerned roads. The field investigation did not aim for an exhaustive inventory of the biodiversity of the project area but a general overview of present species (mainly flora) and socio-economical activities. The assessment showed that the studied roads are mainly bordered by commercial units (restaurants, gas stations, clothing stores, pharmacies etc.), scattered residencies, places of worship (mosques and churches), woodlot (riparian formations along the Assi river), schools, agricultural lands, and unproductive areas (vacant lands). In this context, the area does not provide an important habitat for a large variety of flora and fauna, because it is highly degraded due to human activities surrounding the roads. Finally, a socio-economic assessment (desk study) was conducted in the project area to map the demographic, social, and economic baseline conditions at the level of Hermel Caza. A set of social indicators were investigated including Hermel’s demographic profile (age and gender distribution), employment and livelihood, the availability of public and private education and health institutions, the global level of education (educational attainment) and standards of Page | II Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    public health, access to public utility and community services, land use patterns, archeology and cultural heritage, and impacts of the Syrian crisis. The assessment allowed drawing conclusions regarding the project’s potential impacts on the socio-economic conditions of the study area. Hence, when considering the demographic profile of the study area, the population of all the villages in the Hermel Caza is determined. According to the latest national report (MoPH, 2016), Hermel caza has a total population of 61,955 (excluding Syrians displaced), accounting for 1.42 % of the total national population. Approximately 7,075 Syrian refugees are registered in Hermel (UNHCR, 2023). Syrian refugees are generally spread out through different areas of the community. In the Baalbek-El Hermel district, the total Lebanese population in need is 126,248, for displaced Syrians it is 200,124, and for Palestinian Refugees it is 4,264 (OCHA, 2023). Most of the refugee camps are located between 80 m and 150 m away from the concerned roads that will undergo maintenance activities; thus, the project activities will will have negligible significant impacts on the Syrian refugees camps, as the works are localized, limited in scale, short in time and will not entail any possible full road closure. Necessary measures for their safety and particularly children should be put in place, maintained and monitored throughout project works. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS The maintenance phase is known to have potential adverse impacts on several indicators including traffic, air quality, noise level, construction waste, water and soil quality, landscape and visual intrusion, resources consumption, damage to existing utilities, health, and safety, as well as socioeconomics. During the maintenance phase, these impacts are temporary with the majority being minor or moderately negative (Table I). During operation, the maintenance of the road, combined with the natural increase in the vehicle fleet size, will ultimately increase traffic volume and hence, typical impacts associated with increased traffic will be inevitable in the long term. Yet, improved traffic flow on maintained roads will lead to improved fuel efficiency and better engine performance, thereby reducing vehicle emissions and maintenance. Maintained roads can lead to improved landscape and visual intrusion, albeit some increase in light glare. Finally, improved safety design of roads can reduce the potential for accidents. The magnitude and significance of these impacts is similar along both roads. Table I. Summary of potential impacts of proposed roads in Hermel district Potential Impact Maintenance phase Operation phase Traffic Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Air quality Minor negative Minor negative to Positive Noise Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Biodiversity Minor negative Minor negative Construction Waste Major negative Neutral Soil and water Moderate negative Minor negative to Zero Resources consumption Moderate negative Neutral Existing infrastructure Minor negative Neutral to Positive Visual Intrusion Minor negative Minor negative to Positive Health and Safety Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Socio-Economic Moderate negative to Positive Positive Archaeology / Cultural Heritage Neutral Neutral Expropriation/involuntary Neutral Neutral resettlement As for socio-economic impacts, during the maintenance phase, they are expected to be positive in terms of providing job opportunities and moderately negative in terms of temporary increase in travel time, impeded accessibility to residences / businesses, and potential health and safety, Page | III Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    and social tensions that could lead to exploitation, abuse and harassment. During the operation phase, the maintenance of roads is expected to have positive impacts by improving access to remote areas, reduced trip times, reduced traffic congestion and accidents, and enhanced livelihood opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN Mitigation Plans While the road maintenance is associated with some potential negative impacts, most of them can be alleviated. Environmental and Social mitigation measures should be adopted to eliminate or minimize these impacts (refer to section 6.1). Monitoring Plan Monitoring activities for such projects rely primarily on visual observation and documentation with photos although measurements of certain indicators (traffic count, air / water quality and noise level) which will be continuously conducted. The project supervising consultant holds the responsibility of monitoring activities during the maintenance phase to ensure the implementation of the mitigation plan by the contractor. Upon any complaints, the consultant and the contractor should conduct periodic monitoring with measurements of environmental indicators depending on the nature of the complaint. Monitoring indicators / activities during the maintenance phase is defined in this report as a guidance for the contractor to submit his Construction Environmental and Social Management Plan – CESMP before work commencement. During the maintenance phase, the Supervising Consultant shall submit a monthly report about the works to CDR. The content of a typical report should mirror the indicators of the mitigation plan with proper documentation with photos taken in the event of accidents, concerns or complaints. CONSULTATION, DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM Public Consultation The public consultation is to inform the local authorities about the project and get their opinion in the project implementation. Due to the project extent over the entire Caza, the union of municipalities is the party that will represent all concerned municipalities. The stakeholders are the concerned municipalities. As well, local concerned NGOs are to be informed with the project and a virtual meeting is to be planned to get their feedback. The stakeholders were made aware of consultation hearing through a public participation invitation sent to the union of municipalities of Hermel (Invitation is presented in Annex 5, in the Invitation letters section). During the public participation (along with the online session), project details and design, impacts and mitigation measures were presented in a 35-minute presentation (see more details in Annex 5), which was followed by an open discussion with the attendees (a total of 7 persons), on Thursday August 24, 2023. An online meeting (a second meeting) was held on Tuesday August 29,2023 in the municipality building of El-Hermel caza, for local and public concerned NGOs who couldn’t attend the public meeting, and 6 people were attending (three of whom were women). The attendees were mainly the heads of the concerned municipalities. The main Page | IV Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    issues raised were about the selection of roads within the REP scope, the coordination with local authorities especially with respect to public works, and technical concerns. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) A grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is in place to allow stakeholders to voice their concerns during the project phases: pre-construction, construction, and operation. The GRM is designed to allow a timely resolution of concerns, assuring stakeholders that grievances have been heard and that the institutionalized mechanism will yield a fair and impartial outcome. Furthermore, the grievance mechanism is applicable for both Lebanese and Syrian workers with the option to remain anonymous when filing a grievance to encourage workers to speak out without potential fear of repercussions. REP GRM levels are as follows:  Level 1: If any person has any complaint or concern regarding the project implementation, he/she can lodge an oral or written grievance to the site Manager. In case an oral complaint is made, it should be written by the Contractor Social expert. The issue must be resolved within a maximum duration of one week (immediate investigation shall be carried out and corrective actions shall be taken in case of issues assessed as critical).  Level 2: if the person is not satisfied with the action of the Contractor, he/she can send the complaint to the PIU social specialist through Phone: 01980096 ext.: 317, Email: GRM.REP@cdr.gov.lb) or official letter registered at the CDR. The issue shall be resolved within a maximum of two weeks. The contact details are made available to the public by being presented on the project and mobile sign boards.  Level 3: if the person is not satisfied with the decision of the social specialist of PIU, he or she can bring the complaint to the attention of the PIU Director’s Office. Once the PIU Director receives the complaint, it needs to be resolved within a maximum of two weeks. Citizens can also register an official letter at the CDR (Address: Tallet al Serail – Riad el Solh, Beirut – Lebanon). Page | V Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza               Environmental and Social Management Plan  TABLE OF CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... I  TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ I  LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. III  LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ III  LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................ V  LIST OF NOMENCLATURES ........................................................................................... VI  1  INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1  1.1  Project background ................................................................................................................ 1  1.2  Project Rationale ................................................................................................................... 2  1.3  Report Objectives .................................................................................................................. 3  1.4  Methodology.......................................................................................................................... 4  2  LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL, STANDARDS AND POLICIES FRAMEWORKS ..... 5  2.1  Legal Framework................................................................................................................... 5  2.2  Institutional Framework ........................................................................................................ 5  2.3  Environmental Standards ....................................................................................................... 8  2.4  World Bank Policies ............................................................................................................ 10  2.4.1  Safeguard Policies ........................................................................................ 10  2.4.2  Access to Information (AI) policy ................................................................. 10  2.4.3  EHS guidelines .............................................................................................. 10  2.4.4  Consultation and Disclosure Policy ............................................................. 10  3  PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 11  3.1  Location ............................................................................................................................... 11  3.2  Project activities .................................................................................................................. 13  3.3  Maintenance activities ......................................................................................................... 15  3.3.1. Site Clearance ............................................................................................... 15  3.3.2.  Repair and Maintenance of Roadway Pavement .......................................... 16  3.3.3.  Repair and maintenance of localized pavement depressions ....................... 16  3.3.4.  Effective Crack Sealing for Asphalt Pavements............................................ 17  3.3.5.  Repair and Maintenance of Drainage Structures ......................................... 17  3.3.6.  Repair and Maintenance of Curbs ................................................................ 17  3.3.7.  Repair and Maintenance of Storm Water Drainage Network ...................... 18  3.3.8. Maintenance of Road Marking and Signage ................................................. 18  3.3.9.  Electrical Works............................................................................................ 18  3.3.10.  Maintenance Equipment and Materials ................................................... 19  4.  ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS ................................................. 21  4.1. Physical environment ............................................................................................................. 21  4.1.1.  Topography ................................................................................................... 21  4.1.2.  Geology ......................................................................................................... 21  4.1.3.  Hydrology ..................................................................................................... 21  Page | I Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    4.1.4.  Climate and meteorology .............................................................................. 23  4.1.5.  Ambient air quality and noise levels ............................................................. 23  4.2.  Biological Environment ....................................................................................................... 25  4.2.1.  Field Survey.................................................................................................. 25  4.2.2.  Evaluation Criteria ...................................................................................... 25  4.2.3.  Results........................................................................................................... 26  4.2.4.  Ecologically Sensitive Areas ......................................................................... 26  4.3.  Socioeconomic Environment ............................................................................................... 26  4.3.1.  Demographic Profile .................................................................................... 26  4.3.2.  Social Activities ............................................................................................. 27  4.3.3.  Economic Activities....................................................................................... 27  4.3.4.  Educational Services ..................................................................................... 28  4.3.5.  Infrastructure ................................................................................................ 28  4.3.6.  Traffic Assessment ........................................................................................ 29  4.3.7.  Healthcare Services ...................................................................................... 29  4.3.8.  Road Sensitive receptors ............................................................................... 29  4.3.9.  Land use/land cover patterns ........................................................................ 30  4.3.10.  Archeology and cultural heritage ............................................................ 30  5.  POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS ..................................... 31  6.  MITIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ....................... 35  7.  ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................................................................... 40  7.1.1.  Training......................................................................................................... 43  7.1.2.  Reporting....................................................................................................... 43  7.1.3.  Documentation and Reporting ...................................................................... 43  7.1.4.  Guidelines for Health and Safety Plan during maintenance ........................ 44  8.  CONSULTATION, DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 45  8.1.  Public Consultation ............................................................................................................. 45  8.2.  Grievance Redress Mechanism ........................................................................................... 48  8.2.1.  GRM for Communities .................................................................................. 49  8.2.2.  GRM for Workers .......................................................................................... 50  REFERENCES....................................................................................................................... 52  ANNEX 54  Annex 1: Figures and Tables Related to Chapter 4 ....................................................................... 54  Annex 2: Assessment Methodology.............................................................................................. 72  Annex 3: Road signs, markings, lights, and barricades to be used during rehabilitation works ... 75  Annex 4: Code of Conduct............................................................................................................ 80  Annex 5: Public Consultation Notes, Presentation, Invitation Letters, and Attendance Sheets ... 84  Annex 6: Complaint Register Form .............................................................................................. 98  Page | II Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Figure 3-1 condition of the road in Hermel, Wadi El Terkman............................................... 12  Figure 3-2 Condition of the Road (Ras Baalbek Al Ain) ........................................................ 12  Figure 3-3 Cracks in the road................................................................................................... 14  Figure 3-4 side of the road needs maintenance ........................................................................ 14  Figure 3-5 Holes in the road .................................................................................................... 15  Figure 3-6 Asphalting shallow potholes .................................................................................. 16  Figure 3-7 Various types of pavements depressions................................................................ 17  Figure 3-8 Sealing of cracks .................................................................................................... 17  Figure 3-9 Road Marking......................................................................................................... 18  Figure 8-1 Public participation session with Hermel Caza heads of municipalities................ 46  Figure 8-2. Typical grievance redresses mechanism for the REP ........................................... 51  LIST OF TABLES Table Page Table 2-1 Summary of functional responsibilities of transport/traffic involved ministries/agencies ............................................................................................................. 5  Table 2-2. List of selected legislation relevant to the Project .................................................... 6  Table 2-3 The allowable contaminants concentration for wastewater when discharged into different bodies .................................................................................................................. 8  Table 2-4 Maximum allowable limits for outdoor air pollutants ............................................... 8  Table 2-5 Sound pressure limits according to MoE Decision 52/1, 1996 ................................. 9  Table 2-6 Noise exposure limits ................................................................................................ 9  Table 2-7 Lebanese noise guidelines for different zones (MoE 52/1, 1996) ............................. 9  Table 3-1. Location and characteristics of Hermel district proposed road: ............................. 11  Table 3-2 Maintenance Equipment .......................................................................................... 19  Table 3-3 Noise Emission Levels dB (A) and Distance to the Equipment .............................. 20  Table 4-1 Geological formations in the concerned area .......... Error! Bookmark not defined.  Table 4-2 Hydrogeological classes of the concerned area ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.  Table 4-3 Ambient air quality in µg/m3 for Hermel roads ...................................................... 24  Table 4-4: Main habitats encountered along primary road-01................................................. 26  Table 4-5 Number of Syrians Displaced as per UNHCR ........................................................ 27  Page | III Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    Table 5-1. Environmental and Social Negative Impact for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase ........................................................................................................... 31  Table 5-2 Environmental and Social Positive Impact for the Hermel district roads during the operation phase ................................................................................................................ 33  Table 5-3 Summary of potential impacts of proposed roads in Hermel district ...................... 34  Table 6-1 Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase ..................................................................................................... 35  Table 7-1. Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase ........................................................................................................... 40  Table 8-1 list of attendees ........................................................................................................ 46  Page | IV Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CDR Council for Development and Reconstruction CoC Code of Conduct DoA Department of Antiquities EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESC Environmental and Social Consideration ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FI Financial Intermediary GIS Geographic Information Systems GOL Government of Lebanon GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism IBA Important Bird Area IEE Initial Environmental Examination LARI Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoC Ministry of Culture MoE Ministry of Environment MoEW Ministry of Energy and Water MoIM Ministry of Interior and Municipalities MoL Ministry of Labor MoPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport MSL Mean Sea Level NGO Non-Governmental Organization OP Operational Policy PHC Primary Healthcare Center PIU Project Implementation Unit REP Lebanon Roads and Employment Project SEA/H Sexual Abuse and Exploitation and Harassment WBG World Bank Group Page | V Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    LIST OF NOMENCLATURES % Percent g Microgram g Gram kg Kilograms km Kilometers Leq Average equivalent noise levels Lmin Minimum noise level Lmax Maximum noise level MJ Mega Joules min Minutes mm millimeter hr Hour ha Hectare m2 Square meter m3 Cubic meter ppm Parts per million s Seconds Page | VI Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project background The Government of Lebanon (GOL) has solicited and obtained World Bank (WB) financing for the Roads and Employment Project (REP). The Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR) is acting as the executing agency on behalf of the GOL and its Council of Ministers (COM). The REP was approved by the WB Board of Executive Directors in February 2017 and ratified by the Lebanese Parliament in October 2018. The REP seeks to improve transport connectivity along select paved road sections, create short-term employment opportunities for local communities, and support farmers engaged in crop and livestock production. The REP originally had three components. Following its restructuring in March 2021, a fourth component was added to address the impact of the COVID-19 on the agriculture sector. REP components are as follows: (i) Roads Rehabilitation and Maintenance (US$178 million): to finance works and related consultancy services for the rehabilitation and maintenance of about 500 km of primary, secondary, and tertiary roads, including road safety and spot improvements and repair of damaged expansions joints on highways/primary roads; (ii) Improvement of the MoPWT’ Road Emergency Response Capacity (US$4.5 million), especially during climate extremes; (iii) Capacity Building and Implementation Support (US$7.5 million): to build the capacity of Lebanese agencies in planning and managing the road sector; and (iv) Support to farmers engaged in crop and livestock production (US$10 million): to support continued agricultural production and vaccination of animals. Accordingly, the REP ESMF was updated using an Addendum that can be found here https://www.cdr.gov.lb/getmedia/4254c2bd-3c63-4dfc-aeb7-dfb78eaada4f/REP-Component- 4-ESMF_Vol-1_for-Disclosure_20210608.pdf.aspx. This ESMP only deals with the first component of REP that aims at (a) rehabilitating, upgrading, and maintaining selected primary (including International Roads/Highways), secondary and tertiary roads, (b) providing technical assistance for the design, procurement, and supervision of said sub-projects, and (c) preparing safeguards instruments for the Project. More specifically, this ESMP that was prepared by Team International, which was assigned by CDR contract number 20379 aims to effectively address the environmental and social challenges linked to the envisaged routine maintenance activities that are confined within the alignments of existing roads with no road widening, in Hermel Caza, primarily targeting the maintenance of primary roads as priority and for secondary roads where funds are available. Therefore, under Lebanese regulations, the REP does not fall under either Annex I (projects requiring a full EIA) or Annex II (projects requiring an Initial Environmental Examination Page | 1 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    (IEE) of the EIA Decree No. 8633/2012 on the Fundamentals of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Lebanon. However, the REP triggered the World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.01 requiring Environmental and Social assessment. As such, the prepared Environmental and Social Safeguard report will be conducted for the roads within the Hermel district (Caza) of the Baalbek-Hermel governorate (Mohafazah). It is important to note that REP Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) (https://www.cdr.gov.lb/CDR/media/CDR/StudiesandReports/Roads%20and%20Employmen t/ESMF.pdf) which was cleared by the WB and disclosed in April 2018 identified the potential environmental and social aspects associated with the project as well as the recommended respective management and monitoring measures. Furthermore, the project’s Resettlement (RPF) cleared by the WB and disclosed in April 2018 (https://www.cdr.gov.lb/CDR/media/CDR/StudiesandReports/Roads%20and%20Employmen t/RPF.pdf) outlined the principles for resettlement impact mitigation as well as the organizational arrangements needed during project preparation and implementation; it also included the compensation measures that need to be implemented for any Project Affected Persons (PAPs) for any possible loss of land, properties or livelihoods. Moreover, 25 site-specific ESMPs were prepared between 2019 and 2020, consulted upon, cleared by the WB and disclosed on the CDR and the WB websites. This includes the Hermel- specific ESMP prepared by Team International covering roads that were selected by the Lebanese Government for full rehabilitation works (ESMP for Hermel Caza is available on CDR Website via the following link: https://www.cdr.gov.lb/CDR/media/CDR/StudiesandReports/Roads%20and%20Employment /Caza/hermel_Final-ESMP.pdf To manage the environmental and social risks associated with the addition of routine maintenance activities in Hermel Caza, primarily targeting the maintenance of primary roads as priority and for secondary roads, relevant mitigation measures as well as necessary institutional arrangements was covered through this specific ESMP Report. This report represents the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Roads Routine Maintenance activities in Hermel Caza in line with WB safeguard Operational Policies, guidelines and national legislation. Noting that the Project was signed before October 2018, date of effectiveness of the Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). It is worth mentioning that some roads under the REP are already under rehabilitation and that the roads under this ESMP are new roads eligible for maintenance. 1.2 Project Rationale According to Schwab, 2017, in terms of road connectivity, Lebanon ranked 95 and achieved a poor connectivity score index of 48.7 out of 100. As for the road conditions, approximately Page | 2 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    95% of the roads are paved but lack proper maintenance. In this context, to deal with increasing safety challenges, the Lebanese Government is implementing REP that among its stated objectives mentioned above, aims to enhance transport connectivity and safety along specific roads. However, infrastructure projects can exert a substantial strain on the environment and natural resources. Only with sustainable practices and proper waste management plans enforced, the burden on the environment can be reduced. Sustainable projects can generally be achieved by considering the environmental impact of the construction process (Hoeckman et al., 2012). Similarly, the socio-economic effects of infrastructure projects can be reduced through transparency and fair compensation processes (Morris, 2007). In this context, this ESMP for routine maintenance works in Hermel Caza was prepared by Team International for development decision to go hand in hand with environmental and social protection. Routine maintenance activities did not require changing the environmental and social safeguard category of REP. Therefore, this ESMP is under the requirements of WB OP4.01, that classifies the project as Category B. 1.3 Report Objectives The main aim of this ESMP for Hermel Caza, is to stipulate the control measures required to manage and monitor the project environmental, social, and H&S risks in accordance with environmental laws and regulations in Lebanon and the WB guidelines. This ESMP will serve as a practical tool for the project Contractor who is supposed to implement the devised management strategy to (1) reduce the footprint of REP’s operations in Hermel Caza and (2) ensure safe operation of activities and prevent injuries to workers or the public. To reach the above-mentioned objective, the ESMP will: 1. Describe all activities of the project 2. Establish environmental and socio-economic baseline within the study area 3. Identify relevant environmental and social National Legal and Institutional Standards & WB Policies and regulations 4. Conduct an inclusive public consultation session that takes into consideration the views of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) to feed the project design and management plan; 5. Identify potential social, environmental, and H&S impacts associated with the implementation of the proposed project; 6. Propose feasible and applicable mitigation measures for the identified impacts; 7. Develop a plan to monitor the identified impacts and their associated mitigation measures; 8. Guide on creating short term jobs for communities within a gender workforce equality environment; 9. Identify the responsible authorities and assign roles for different organizations in the efficient implementation of this ESMP; Page | 3 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    10. Implement a robust GRM that is multi-channeled and fully functional and that is clearly communicated to all PAPs. 1.4 Methodology In order to achieve the ESMP objectives outlined above, the consultant has reviewed relevant project designs and studies particularly the ESMF prepared for the project. In addition, the consultant will:  Examine the national legislation and World Bank safeguard policies relevant to the project  Conduct field visits to observe and document baseline conditions and collected data from the relevant municipality  Synthesize and process information related to coverage using the geographic information systems (AcrGIS Desktop Version 10.61 by ESRI, License type: Advanced) to prepare baseline maps  Assess environmental and social impacts associated with the project at various stages of the project using factors such as health and safety as well as the natural environment  Define mitigation measures, wherever relevant, to alleviate or reduce potential adverse impacts  Develop a monitoring plan with emphasis on the maintenance phase when impacts are expected with estimated implementation resources  Document public consultation and opinions with potentially affected stakeholders  Use the grievance redress mechanism (GRM) that was developed and is operational (see Chapter 8). Note that since the project is category B under the World Bank guidelines, no field measurements of environmental indicators were anticipated (i.e. traffic, air quality, noise levels, water quality) under this contract. Instead, we relied on data from existing studies wherever available. We equally used a worst-case condition approach that would form an envelope of the maximum possible impact which when judged to be minor or moderate reflect an acceptable project impact. Details of such an approach are outlined when assessing a specific indicator below (i.e. air quality and noise). Page | 4 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza                            Environmental and Social Management Plan    2 LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL, STANDARDS AND POLICIES FRAMEWORKS 2.1 Legal Framework Several laws, decrees, and decisions in Lebanon define the environmental standards and regulations to be met while implementing projects. The most basic and general law is Law No. 444 (Environment Protection Law) dated August 8, 2002. Table 2-2 presents a list of selected legislation relevant to the Project. 2.2 Institutional Framework A summary of the role of all concerned public agencies is presented in Table 2-1 below. At this stage, it is expected that the proposed project will involve primarily the CDR. Since some proposed roads may pass near sensitive areas, close coordination with relevant ministries is also anticipated in the event any finds are made. At the completion of the project, the road becomes under the jurisdiction of the MoPWT for the purpose of maintenance whenever required. Table 2-1 Summary of functional responsibilities of transport/traffic involved ministries/agencies Agency Role in project Council for Development &  Monitors activities of construction contractors to ensure Reconstruction (CDR) delivery as per contracts, which will include mitigation and monitoring measures identified in the ESMP Ministry of Public Works and  Responsible for operating and maintaining these roads Transportation (MoPWT) following project completion. Ministry of Interior and Municipalities  Municipalities involved in the project have a role in (MoIM) collaborating with the contractor to implement environmental management related measures including solid waste management, wastewater management, traffic management, etc. Ministry of the Environment (MoE)  Compliance of ESMP with the Lebanese environmental standards and regulations issued by MoE Ministry of Culture (MoC) –Department  In case of archaeological chance finds, review and approve of Antiquities project specific “Archaeological Chance Find” procedures which would be used by construction contractors, consulting engineer and archaeological consultants to address actions to be taken if unrecorded archaeological materials are encountered during the course of project implementation Ministry of Energy and Water (MOEW)  Coordinate with relevant authorities under the MOEW in case of accidental damage to water and electricity related infrastructure during project implementation. Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)  Coordinate with MOA in case of the need for tree cutting Ministry of Labor (MoL)  Ensure labor laws are adhered to  Issue work permits for foreign labor Page | 5   Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Table 2-2. List of selected legislation relevant to the Project Date of Legislation Subject Relevance to the project Issue Environment-related legislation Law 80 10/10/2018 Integrated solid waste management law The requirements of the law shall be adhered to for the management of solid wastes generated from the project. Law 78 13/04/2018 Law for the protection of air quality The requirements of the law shall be adhered to for the management of air emissions from the project. Law 77 13/04/2018 Water Resources Law Penalizes unauthorized discharges or disposal of any kind of waste in water resources MOE Decree 04/10/2002 Organizes the activity of quarries and crushers, Ensures the provision of construction material and the disposal of 8803/2002 and its licensing procedures, as well as the operation, construction waste comply with the decree amendments management and maintenance of quarries Law 444 29/7/2002 Environmental protection framework law, includes Ensures project activities are in line with the requirements of the Law, the general provisions for the protection of the particularly the articles in Chapter 5 on the protection of environmental environment media (air, coast, water, noise, facilities, natural resources, etc.) MOE Decision 8/1 30/1/2001 Updates Decision 1/52 and in setting of the Ensures project activities comply with national environmental standards National Standards for Environmental Quality by the MOE MOE Decision 16/1 10/02/2022 An updated limit values of the air emissions Air emissions generated by the project from waste management, recycling decision 8/1 dated 30/01/2001 for air emissions. and treatment in the facility, must be monitored to meet the specific limit of values, in respect with this decision, as per annex 3. Law 558 24/07/1996 Law for the protection of forests The requirements of the law shall be adhered to for the protection of forests. Decree 2761 19/12/1933 Guidelines related to wastewater management and Ensures waste management activity comply with the decree disposal Decree Law 8735 23/08/1974 Maintaining general cleanliness Ensures project activities adhere to this decree particularly in terms of waste disposal MOE Decision 52/1 12/9/1996 Setting of the National Standards for Ensures project activities comply with national environmental standards Environmental Quality by the MOE Cultural heritage related legislation Decree law 166 7/11/1933 Antiquity law Defines chance find procedures that should be followed in case antiquities were identified in the project site Urban/ rural planning and construction-related legislation Law 58 29/05/1991 Expropriation Law Adhere to provisions in case the project requires expropriation. Law 118 30/06/1977 Municipalities Law. It stipulates the role of the Defines the roles of municipalities in the provision of environmental Municipalities and Municipalities councils. services such as solid waste management, wastewater management, etc. Page | 6   Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Date of Legislation Subject Relevance to the project Issue Labor-related legislation Decision 29/1 2018 Businesses, professions, trades, and jobs that Restricts significant number of jobs to Lebanese only and allows Syrians to should be restricted to Lebanese only occupy jobs that are not restricted to Lebanese especially in the construction sector Decree 3791 30/06/2016 Sets minimum wage for employees and workers Adhere to the requirements of this decree with regards to wages of employees on this project. Decree 8987 29/09/2012 Prohibition of employment of minors under the Adhere to the requirements of this decree with regards to employment for age of 18 in work that may harm their health, this project. safety or morals Decree 11802 30/01/2004 Organizes prevention, safety and occupational Adhere to the requirements of this decree in terms of occupational health health in all institutions subject to the Labor Law of staff working on the project Law 400 05/06/2002 Allows the Government to ratify the Minimum Adhere to the provisions of the convention in terms of prohibition of work Age Convention C-138, 1973 to children less than 15 years of age Law 335 02/08/2001 Allows the Government to ratify the Worst Forms Adhere to the provisions of the convention in terms of prohibition of work of Child Labor Convention C-182, 1999 which is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children Labor Law 23/09/1946 Labor law and its amendments Adhere to provisions of the law and its amendments related to employment contracts, employment of children and women; work hours and holidays, wages, dismissal, inspection, health and safety. Penal Code 01/03/1943 Penal code Abide by Article 522 Law 28  10/02/2017  The right to access information. Every person, natural or legal, has the right to access and review the information and documents held by the administration, in accordance with the provisions of this law, taking into account that the right is not abused. Decree 6940  08/09/2020  Determining the minutes of implementing Law - No. 28 of 10/02/2017 Law 205  30/12/2020  This aims to criminalize sexual harassment and In case of any sexual harassment in the workplace, this law protects people help its victims subjected to sexual harassment and punish the perpetrators. Traffic-related legislation Law 243 25/10/2012 Traffic law Adhere to requirements of this Law with regards to traffic movement of construction-related equipment, re-routing schemes, design of road signage, etc. Page | 7 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  2.3 Environmental Standards The National emission levels for wastewater effluent, ambient noise and ambient air quality are provided in this section. Wastewater Discharge Targets The allowable contaminants concentration for wastewater when discharged into the sewage network, sea or surface water are indicated in the MoE decision 8/1 dated 30/1/2001. The table below shows a list of allowable contaminants concentrations. Table 2-3 The allowable contaminants concentration for wastewater when discharged into different bodies Sewage Contaminants Surface Water Sea Water Network pH 6–9 6–9 6–9 BOD mg/l 25 125 25 COD mg/l 125 500 125 temperature Co 30 35 35 Total nitrogen mg/l 30 60 30 Total phosphorus mg/l 10 10 10 Oil and grease mg/l 30 50 30 Mercury mg/l 0.05 0.05 0.05 Total suspended solids mg/l 60 600 60 Total coliform bacteria (Most Probable 2,000 - 2,000 Number/100 ml) Air Emissions Targets The maximum allowable limits for outdoor air pollutants are specified in Annex 14 of the MoE Decision No. 16/1 dated 2022. The table below shows the list of allowable criteria pollutants concentrations. Table 2-4 Maximum allowable limits for outdoor air pollutants Pollutants Maximum Limit (μg/m3) Exposure duration 350 1 hr Sulphur dioxide (SO2) 120 24 hrs 80 1 yr 200 1 hr Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 150 24 hrs 100 1 yr 150 1 hr Ozone (O3) 100 8 hrs 30,000 1 hr Carbon monoxide (CO) 10,000 8 hrs Total Suspended Particles (TSP) 120 24 hrs PM10 80 24 hrs Page | 8 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Pollutants Maximum Limit (μg/m3) Exposure duration Lead (Pb) 1 1 yr Benzene 5 ppb 1 yr Noise Emissions Targets The expected noise pollution levels should not exceed the values listed in the MoE Decision 52/1 dated 1996. The limited; values are presented in the table below. Table 2-5 Sound pressure limits according to MoE Decision 52/1, 1996 Phase Sound Pressure Level dB(A) Working Location (less than 8 working hrs.) 90 Working Location (requires good speech hearing) 80 Therefore, the maximum national standard of 90 (dB) for occupational noise exposure limits should not exceed an average duration of 8 hours working days. If the limits are higher than the acceptable limits, then the exposure duration should be reduced as mentioned in the table below. Table 2-6 Noise exposure limits Sound Pressure Level dB(A) Exposure Duration (hrs.) 95 4 100 2 105 1 110 0.5 115 0.25 Moreover, the following table indicates the Lebanese noise guidelines in different zones and at different periods of the day. Table 2-7 Lebanese noise guidelines for different zones (MoE 52/1, 1996) Maximum accepted noise level dB(A) Area classification Day1 Evening2 Night3 Commercial and administrative area in town centers 55 – 65 50 – 60 45 – 55 Residential area with few construction sites, activities or on 50 – 60 45 – 55 40 – 50 a highway Urban residential area 45 – 55 40 – 50 35 – 45 Residential suburb 40 – 50 35 – 45 30 – 40 Rural residential, hospital, public garden 35 – 45 30 – 40 25 – 35 (1) (2) (3) 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. 6 p.m. to 10 p.m. 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. Page | 9 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  2.4 World Bank Policies In addition to the Lebanese legislation, two World Bank safeguards policies apply to Lebanon Road and Employment Project (1) OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment and OP 4.12 and (2) Involuntary Resettlement. 2.4.1 Safeguard Policies OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment. The ESMP for the selected roads in Hermel should comply with the safeguard policy of the World Bank, specifically, the OP/BP 4.01 regarding Environmental Assessment. The OP 4.01 is triggered as the project could have impacts on the environment due to the maintenance of roads. Under the requirements of OP 4.01, the proposed project is classified as Category B. Simple and low/moderate cost mitigation measures will be sufficient to restore the potential damage or keep it to the lowest possible since the environmental impacts are expected to be minimal, during the maintenance phase, and can be mitigated via an environmental management plan. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. Despite that OP 4.12 was triggered by this project, in the case of Hermel and in accordance with site specific design plans, involuntary resettlement or land acquisition will not take place. Since the project will be implemented primarily within the existing “right of way”, there will be no displaced persons by the project activities (this includes local, street vendors and Syrian refugees). 2.4.2 Access to Information (AI) policy Introduced in 2010, the World Bank’s Policy on Access to Information (AI Policy) has made the Bank a more effective development partner. Based on the concept that any information in the Bank’s possession is public, except for that which falls under a defined list of exceptions, the AI Policy remains the standard for international development institutions. It has also provided the basis for the accompanying open initiatives—including Open Data, Open Finances, the Open Knowledge Repository, and the Open Archives—all of which make the Bank’s work more transparent, accessible, and accountable. 2.4.3 EHS guidelines The preparation of this ESMP considered the WBG Environmental Health and Safety General Guidelines which are consistent with the CDR Safety, Health, and Environmental Regulations for Construction Projects. 2.4.4 Consultation and Disclosure Policy According to OP/BP 4.01, a public consultation with project-affected people and local non- governmental organizations (NGOs) must be conducted for all projects under Category A and Category B. The aim of the consultation is to present to the public the components of the project along with potential environmental and social impacts and take their comments and concerns into consideration. Page | 10 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The selection of road sections was based on a number of criteria that considers the pavement and safety condition of the road, the level of traffic, the balancing of roads between regions and communities, the balancing of road sections by categories (primary, secondary, and tertiary), and the labor creation potential with broader socioeconomic impacts. Using these criteria, several roads were selected in the Hermel Caza for maintenance activities.. The land acquisition did not occur during the design of any road under study. Activities to be performed vary between one road and the other, depending on the road rating in terms of the condition of the pavement, shoulders, potential flooding and drainage, potential landslide/soil erosion and retaining walls, and/or pedestrian walkways. Annex 1 comprises maps of the roads’ location and the surrounding villages and/or towns. 3.1 Location A general layout of the selected road (17.6 Km) for maintenance in the Hermel Caza is presented in Figure 3-1. The location and coordinates of the proposed roads in addition to key characteristic features or potential sensitive receptors are presented in Table 3-1. Table 3-1. Location and characteristics of Hermel district proposed road: Coordinates Width Key features Road Length range Elevation code Villages: Start End Classification (Km) (m) range (m) From to Hermel Ras Al Assi 34°21'41.12"N 34°28'43.29"N Primary 17,6 5-7 732- Vacant lands, Primary few agricultural Road-01 lands, restaurants to Charbine 36°24'9.26"E 36°21'31.63"E 995 Restaurants, (Qoubaiyat- scattered Qasr Road) residencies, few commercial units and few schools. The alignment of the road is stated below (see Figure B in Annex 1 – administrative map):  Hermel Primary Road-01: from Ras Al Assi near Qasr El Maalaka restaurant, and stretches for 17.6 km passing through Zeghrine, reaching Charbine (Qoubaiyat-Qasr Road). Page | 11 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure 3-1 condition of the road in Hermel, Wadi El Terkman Figure 3-2 Condition of the Road (Ras Baalbek Al Ain) Page | 12 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  3.2 Project activities The main civil works, which are expected to take place in general under the REP including the Hermel district, may include: - Roadway pavement by Deep & shallow pothole patching, crack sealing repair - Milling and overlay of localized pavement depressions such as failed pavement applied over utility trenches/ depressions repair - Damaged reinforced concrete retaining walls/Footwalls/ Masonry Walls repair - Sidewalk including tiles, curbstones repair - Safety barriers: New Jersey/ Texas barrier repair - Storm water drainage network repair - Road marking & signing implementation - Other ancillary associated works including traffic management during maintenance. The following tasks shall also be presented separately for each road: - Reference road layout plan based on an aerial map, - Select photos reflecting defects of selected roads and the required maintenance works, - Assess the existing roads conditions and the required maintenance works, this shall cover the following:  Travel Way & Shoulder including road pavements.  Roadsides stability, including retaining system and slope protection  Drainage networks and the related pipes and box culverts  Traffic Control & service facilities - Propose methodology for the required maintenance works in conformity with the relevant manual and standards, - Require preventive measures, - Propose materials for roadway maintenance. During the execution of maintenance activities, roads will not be closed or shutdown. Works will be executed on the road right of way/passageway only and will not use or undermine any existing adjacent facilities. In addition, the maintenance activities will maintain a passing corridor within the alignment to grant access to nearby properties. In case the works imply any temporary closure of the road, the project contractor will assign alternative routes to secure traffic and reach relevant destinations. Detours and diversions were not included in the design. The original design didn't plan for detours, but the contractor will handle them as needed and after Consultant approval Therefore, before the execution of maintenance works, the contractor based on the schedule of works and if needed, will secure the access and traffic movement via other alternative routes and means in coordination with the related Municipality. Accordingly, all detours will be on existing alternative roads (public domain properties) and there is no need to use or rent some land to create the detour. The duration of the project is 6 months. Page | 13 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure 3-3 Cracks in the road Figure 3-4 side of the road needs maintenance Page | 14 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure 3-5 Holes in the road 3.3 Maintenance activities The proposed maintenance activities are considered light construction works that will mostly require between 20 and 30 labors, 2 Formen, 2 Engineers and 2 skilled drivers on daily basis, and minimum number of machineries to execute limited repairs in localized spots and short period. Accordingly, it was referred to as maintenance activities throughout the report to differentiate the limited work intensity from the major construction works that were executed during the rehabilitation phase. 3.3.1. Site Clearance Site clearance will involve clearance of the land at the median area and in some cases of the land adjacent to it. Removal of vegetation cover might lead to soil erosion if not done well and in advance of further works and during the rainy season. Removing vegetation exposes soil to rainfall and wind, reducing its stability and increasing the likelihood of erosion. It should be done well in advance of further works to allow time for implementing erosion control measures and minimizing the risk of soil erosion.The dust generation from the clearing activities could potentially pose the risk to the agricultural activities in the area. Page | 15 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  There is quite an amount of the accumulated debris and waste from the road users, especially in the drainage areas. The waste should be collected and properly disposed. Additionally, some areas might require washing with detergents for the accumulation of the spilled oil and fuel from the traffic on the road. 3.3.2. Repair and Maintenance of Roadway Pavement This activity involves repairing and maintaining roadway pavement by deep and shallow pothole patching. It is a common practice used to extend the life of a road and enhance the safety of drivers and pedestrians. Deep potholes require removal of damaged asphalt, repairing the underlying base, and repaving. Shallow potholes are fixed by removing the loose debris and filling the hole with new asphalt. Figure 3-6 Asphalting shallow potholes 3.3.3. Repair and maintenance of localized pavement depressions Localized pavement depressions are repaired and maintained by milling and overlaying. Milling involves removing the damaged asphalt layer and preparing the surface for the overlay. The overlay is applied to the prepared surface to create a smooth driving surface. This process is used to fix uneven surfaces and localized pavement depressions that can cause accidents and damage to vehicles. (a) Fatigue Cracks (b) Blowouts (c) Reflection Cracks Page | 16 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  (d) Sinkhole (e) Raveling (f) Rutting Figure 3-7 Various types of pavements depressions 3.3.4. Effective Crack Sealing for Asphalt Pavements Sealing cracks is an essential activity for repairing and maintaining roadways. It is a cost- effective way to extend the life of pavement and prevent further damage. Cracks, wherever found along the segments, will be cleaned and filled with a hot pour material that adheres to the pavement and seals out water and debris. This process prevents water from penetrating the pavement and causing further damage during freeze-thaw cycles. Figure 3-8 Sealing of cracks 3.3.5. Repair and Maintenance of Drainage Structures Reinforced concrete drainage structures are repaired and maintained by removing damaged sections and replacing them with new ones. The repairs involve excavation, cleaning, and installation of new precast concrete sections. The maintenance includes regular cleaning and inspection to ensure the drainage system is functioning correctly and prevent blockages. 3.3.6. Repair and Maintenance of Curbs Page | 17 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Curbs are essential elements of roadways, and their maintenance and repair are necessary to ensure pedestrian and driver safety. Repairs include replacement of damaged sections and leveling of uneven curbs. Maintenance includes cleaning, painting, and inspection to ensure the curbs are in good condition and free of hazards. 3.3.7. Repair and Maintenance of Storm Water Drainage Network Stormwater drainage networks are essential for preventing flooding and water damage to roadways. Repairs include excavation, cleaning, and replacement of damaged sections. Maintenance includes regular cleaning and inspection to ensure the drainage network is functioning correctly and prevent blockages. 3.3.8. Maintenance of Road Marking and Signage Road marking and signage are critical elements in guiding drivers and pedestrians on the road. The management of road marking and signage involves four key activities: renewal, repair, implementation, and maintenance. These activities will be carried out based on the needs of the road. Renewal involves repainting and replacing damaged signs, while repair involves fixing damaged sections. Implementation involves the installation of new signs and markings to provide clear guidance. Maintenance activities include regular cleaning and inspection to ensure that road markings and signs remain visible and legible at all times. By managing road markings and signage effectively, we can maintain the safety and convenience of all road users. Figure 3-9 Road Marking 3.3.9. Electrical Works Electrical works pose a high risk of electrocution and require the qualified personnel for execution of works. Installation will require the excavation with the adequate disposal of the excavated material. Also, the packaging materials, extra length of the cables should be properly disposed of. Page | 18 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  3.3.10. Maintenance Equipment and Materials The materials to be used are as following: ● Ordinary Portland cement ● Sulfate resisting cement ● Crushed aggregate 5-10mm(dry) ● Crushed sand 0-5mm (dry) ● Reinforcement bars (high yield, deformed) ● Polymer modified bitumen ● Prime coat ● Tack coat The equipment to be used during the maintenance phase is presented in the Table below: Table 3-2 Maintenance Equipment Site Plant and Equipment List Asphalt Plant Concrete Batching Plant Plant mix Plant for Cold Mixes Bulldozer Excavator Loader Back-Hoe Loader Grader Vibrating Earthwork Roller Double Drum Asphalt Roller Mobile Emulsion Distributor Asphalt Paver Asphalt Broom Rubber Tire Asphalt Roller Mobile Light Unit Fuel Truck Water Truck Dump Truck Asphalt Dump Truck Concrete Trans mixer Truck Concrete Pump Forklift Weight Bridge Silo Bus Generator Mobile Compressor Mobile Diesel Welding Machine Staff vehicles Low Bed Trailer Lube Tanker Tire Repair Truck Mobile Crane Steel Cutting Bending Set Page | 19 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  The noise emission levels are expected to exceed the EHS Guidelines for noise levels (presented in the table below) and pose a significant health risk to the workers using the equipment. Table 3-3 Noise Emission Levels dB (A) and Distance to the Equipment Distance between Equipment and Recipient Type 5m 20m 50m Loader 90 78 70 Grader 90 78 70 Vibration Roller 86 74 66 Bulldozer 86 74 66 Sprayer 87 75 67 Generator 98 86 78 Impact drill 87 75 67 Impact piling 112 100 92 Concrete mixer 91 79 71 Concrete pump 85 70 62 Pneumatic hammer 84 86 78 Page | 20 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS The preparation of the ESMP report included field surveys to observe and document baseline conditions. Information related to coverage deemed important in the context of the ESMP was synthesized and processed to prepare the maps presented in this report. Field observations coupled with reported literature form the basis for defining the physical, biological, and socio- economic characteristics of the general project area as outlined below. All baseline related figures, tables and photos are included in Annex 1. 4.1. Physical environment 4.1.1. Topography The topography shows that the two proposed roads in the Hermel Caza are:  Hermel Primary Road-01 (17.6 km): from Ras Al Assi (next to Qasr El Maalaka restaurant) to Charbine (Qoubaiyat-Qasr Road). The elevations range from 732 m to 995 m, respectively. 4.1.2. Geology 4.1.2.1. Lithology and main geological formations The geology of the studied roads was investigated for outcropping formations, subsurface stratigraphy, structure (faults, folds, seismic, etc.), hydrogeology (groundwater and sea water intrusions) and hydrology (surface water). The studied road is situated on the followingformations provided in the geological map in Figure C, Annex B: 4.1.3. Hydrology Geological units can be defined as aquifer or aquiclude in terms of storing and transmitting water, and these types depend on the geological environment in which they occur. An aquifer can be a subsurface rock or sediment unit that is porous and permeable, high enough that it stores and transmits useful quantities of water. Aquifers are divided into the following categories:  Confined: overlain by an impermeable rock unit,  Unconfined: that is not overlain by an -impermeable rock unit, where the water in this aquifer is under atmospheric pressure and is recharged by precipitation that falls on the land surface directly above the aquifer,  or Semi-confined: partially confined, or overlain, by gravel, sand, silt or soil layers of low permeability through which recharge and discharge can still occur. Page | 21 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Aquiclude is a geological formation which, although porous and capable of absorbing water, does not permit its movement at rates sufficient to furnish an appreciable supply for a well or spring. Alternatively, it could be an impermeable body of rock or stratum of sediment that acts as a barrier to the flow of groundwater. In the context of Hermel road, the following characteristics apply: The study area includes several springs, Nahr El Assi River, Wadi esh’ Sharbine River and Wadi Fissane River in (Figure D in Annex 1). The Orontes or Al Assi River is a natural stream of water that is prized for its harsh currents and rocky path. Unlike other rivers, Al Assi offers enough water depth all year round. Page | 22 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  4.1.4. Climate and meteorology The climate and meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. Thus, the collection and analysis of meteorological information, including primarily precipitation, ambient temperature, wind direction and speed, are essential data for adequately assessing environmental impacts. The most significant meteorological parameters that influence the direct environmental impacts at the proposed project are: wind due to its ability to carry dust and odors to nearby communities; and precipitation due to its ability to enhance the infiltration of accidental spills and contaminated rehabilitation wastewater within the area depending on site operation procedures. Meteorological data are obtained either from the closest available stations and whenever not available satellite data are used and referenced in the text. Hermel Road: Precipitation rates Precipitation in the summer season between the month of June and September is negligible (~ 6.5 mm) (Figure H in Annex 1). The highest precipitation is recorded in January with an average value of 127 mm and the total annual precipitation is 594 mm. Temperature (Land Surface) The hottest month in the area is August (32.8o C) and the coldest month is January (3o C). Fluctuations in the temperature values are shown in Figure I (in Annex 1). Wind Records This report will use freely publicly available modelled or prognostic data provided by Meteoblue. Meteoblue is a prognostic climate model that has more than 220 million data points and a resolution of 30 arc seconds, with a spatial resolution of maximum 30 km, and has been collecting climate data from the year 1982 until 2012 (30-year period). In this context dominant wind in the area blows from the North-West and West-North West, with speeds varying between 0.3 m/s and 8 m/s. Refer to Figure J for distribution of wind speed, direction, and frequency. 4.1.5. Ambient air quality and noise levels a) Air Air quality is an essential component in assessing social wellbeing and health status of a community. Developing baseline information will help in comparing the impacts of the project relative to the existing conditions. Ambient air quality data was gathered from the UNDP project “Air quality assessment in an East Mediterranean country: the case of Lebanon” which is based at the Ministry of Environment. The UNDP/MoE monitors the criteria pollutants: Page | 23 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Particulate Matter (PM), Ozone (O3), Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Sulfur dioxide (SO2) which are recognized by national and international organizations as good indicators of anthropogenic emissions. Traffic emissions represent the main source of air pollution in the project area with generators constituting another source in residential areas at times of electricity disconnection. Air quality monitoring in Lebanon in general is weak and adhoc with no systematic continuous monitoring. It is based mostly on individual efforts at academic institutions with a recent effort through the MoE that acquired several stations spread throughout Lebanon, particularly in urban areas. Unfortunately, the stations have stopped because of lack of resources and the existing data is not reliable because of lack of equipment calibration, to the best of our knowledge. Data for Cell 2, cell 4, cell 7 and cell 8 are considered to be the most representative, being the closest to this study area in terms of distance as well as prevalent socio-economic activities, i.e. mostly rural and light residential. Table 4-1 shows that the annual concentrations for all criteria air pollutants for these cells and for the other cells which are located close to the urban/rural region, are below the national ambient air quality standards defined by MOE Decision 16/1. Air quality cells for Hermel road are presented in Figure M. Table 4-1 Ambient air quality in µg/m 3 for Hermel roads Cell ID NO2 O3 PM10 PM2.5 SO2 CO 2 5.67 85.68 13.97 12.43 6.12 180.13 4 5.07 85.68 13.14 11.78 5.20 175.40 7 4.32 84.26 12.61 11.36 4.56 173.02 8 8.28 80.03 14.03 12.62 6.99 190.34 Lebanese Ambient Air Quality 100 100 80 - 80 10,000 standards, Decision 16/1 NAAQS, EPA 107.6 147.7 150 35 84.6 11,070 Exposure 1 year 8 hours 24 hours 24 hours 1 year 8 hours Duration The average concentration of the chosen criteria pollutants presented in Table 4-1 above show good ambient air quality along the roads as the numbers are much less than permissible limits presented in the national guidelines (Decision 16/1) and the international USEPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) standards. b) Noise Similarly, vehicles and some generators in residential areas constitute the main source of noise. While no noise measurements are available along the proposed roads, various studies have been conducted on noise measurements in specific projects / studies although no systematic Page | 24 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  noise monitoring in the country exists. In the context of the proposed roads it is expected that the baseline average continuous A-weighted noise levels during the day time will vary between 45 to 80 dBA depending on time of day, traffic conditions and proximity to the roads. Measurements were taken based on the working stations assigned by TEAM INTERNATIONAL. The schedule of the acoustic survey was planned based on availability of transportation, availability of the handheld decibel meter, availability of staff, and availability of time. Note that these levels exceed the national standards of 30-40 dBA for rural areas. However, as mentioned earlier, the national standards are very stringent and hard to meet along roads. Hence, it is more realistic to consider the FHWA (1997) noise criterion of 67 dBA for residences, motels, hotels, public meeting rooms, schools, churches, libraries, hospitals, picnic areas, recreational areas, playgrounds, parks. 4.2. Biological Environment As mentioned in the previous section, the road in the Hermel Caza pass through various land cover types that harbor different habitats. 4.2.1. Field Survey Dates, Methodology, and Limitations Given the limited timeframe of this study, a single field visit was set for each road (not necessarily during the best period for field visits due to time limitations). The field investigation did not aim for an exhaustive inventory of the biodiversity of the project area but a general overview of present species (mainly flora) and habitats. This general approach allows the identification of the conservation status of the natural habitats. Moreover, maps were generated for each road and compiled with site visits observations with respect to adjacent key habitats to the concerned roads. Walking transects were recognized to obtain an understanding of the vegetation communities in the area and record existing species. Knowing that a single visit is not enough, the study had to consider some species as potentially present. Moreover, it was difficult to perform a complete faunal survey. Thus, information on fauna does not only include the encountered species during the field visit, but also potential species were considered in this assessment (fauna listing is only provided for roads that involve rich habitats). The potentiality of presence of a species was based on: (a) the occurrence of the species habitat; (b) observations of the species near the study area; (c) the fact that the study area is in the distribution range of the species; and (d) related scientific papers. 4.2.2. Evaluation Criteria Various regulatory and scientific criteria allow organizing in a hierarchy the importance of habitats and species observed in a given area. These criteria include the endemism, rarity, the ecological importance (key species, specialized species, etc.); the biological status (migratory species, breeding species, etc.); and the biological susceptibility. There is no list of protected species in Lebanon. The protected species are therefore considered based on international conventions for which Lebanon is part of and the IUCN Middle East red Page | 25 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  list. In this assessment, the ecological value of species was based on their local ecological importance (distribution of species and degree of endemism (Tohmé and Tohmé, 2014) and IUCN classification). 4.2.3. Results Study Area Primary Road -01(Ras Al Assi to Charbine) Project settlement The road is settled at an altitude ranging between 732 and 995 meters. According to CORINE classification, ‘Thermo-Mediterranean’ zone ranges from 0 to 500 meters, ‘EU-Mediterranean’ zone ranges from 500 to 1000 meters, whereas, Supra-Mediterranean zone ranges from 1,000 to 1,500. The altitudinal range plays an important role in plant composition (Abi Saleh, 1996). Thus, the studied area covers ‘EU-Mediterranean’ zones. Natural Habitats and Associated Flora The main encountered habitats that are adjacent to Hermel primary road-01 are primarily artificial (built-up) areas, agricultural areas, grasslands and vacant lands as per field visit and the Land use map in Figure E (Annex 1). The studied road involves a path that is already under anthropogenic influences. The road is mainly bordered by human settlements and agricultural lands. Given that the studied road does not involve rich ecosystems, no listing of flora or fauna will be provided for this road. Table 4-2: Main habitats encountered along primary road-01 Habitats types in Map Field visit observation Agricultural terraces Agricultural areas Fallow lands Cultivated trees Degraded grasslands Grasslands Scrublands and grasslands used for grazing, agriculture and forage Artificial areas Residential and industrial areas It is to be noted that the residences and commercial units near the concerned road will be made aware of the project activities, schedule and GRM prior to commencement. 4.2.4. Ecologically Sensitive Areas The roads are in close proximity to Al Assi Perennial River, Wadi esh’ Sharbine and Wadi Fissane (refer to Figure D in Annex 1). 4.3. Socioeconomic Environment 4.3.1. Demographic Profile Page | 26 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Demographic Profile The district of Hermel is one out of the 26 districts of Lebanon, occupying 731 km2 of surface area. According to the latest national report (MoPH, 2016), Hermel caza has a total population of 61,955 (excluding Syrians displaced), accounting for 1.42 % of the total national population. According to UNDP (2008), the overall headcount poverty within Hermel-Baalbek strata is 32%, compared to Lebanon’s average of 27%. Approximately 7,075 Syrian refugees are registered in Hermel (UNHCR, 2023). Syrian refugees are generally spread out through different areas of the community. Syrian Refugees Approximately 7,075 Syrian refugees are registered in Hermel (UNHCR, 2023). Syrian refugees are generally spread out through different areas of the community. In the Baalbek-El Hermel district, the total displaced Syrian population in need is 200,124 (OCHA, 2023). It is to be noted that the project activities will have negligible significant impacts on the Syrian refugees’ camps, as the works are localized, limited in scale, short in time and will not entail any possible full road closure. Most of the refugee camps are located between 80 m and 150 m away from the concerned road, thus necessary measures for their safety and particularly children should be put in place, maintained and monitored throughout project works. In the Baalbek-Hermel governorate where the population is over 400,000 residents, 33% are registered Syrian refugees and 12% are Palestinian refugees (Anera in Baalbek-Hermel, 2023). Table 4-3 Number of Syrians Displaced as per UNHCR Caza Total No. of Persons Hermel 7,075 Source: UNHCR, 2023 (refer to Figure K in Annex 1) According to the map of Syrian Refugees Distribution in Hermel Caza (refer to Figure G, Annex 1), the number of Syrians in close proximity to the activities under this project is about 2,500 persons (Source: UNHCR 2021). 4.3.2. Social Activities Hermel Caza offers various social outlets and activities including public parks, as well as cultural, commercial and educational centers (schools), restaurants, and religious buildings etc. It offers an environment rich with cultural heritage with people visiting from inside and outside the city. Social activities are relatively limited to in or out of village visits between family or friends, picnics, church/mosque visits, periodic municipal or parliamentary elections, or other range of celebrations of births, anniversaries, weddings to condolences in funerals. A detailed social survey at the level of each village was not conducted. To the extent available and accessible, data was extracted from reported literature to provide a brief socio-economic overview as outlined below. 4.3.3. Economic Activities Page | 27 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Rafting is well developed in the Hermel area, due to the presence of the Assi River there, which led to the operation of several rafting clubs and a significant number of restaurants. However, together with its directly related sub-sectors of input supply, processing, marketing and transport of farming produce, agriculture represents by far the most important livelihood opportunity, especially in the poorest sub governorates of Baalbek-Hermel. In other words, agriculture is the primary source of income and employment, particularly for the poorest communities. In fact, an estimated 20% of all farmers in Lebanon are located in Baalbek- Hermel and the Bekaa (UN/FAO, 2014). Also, the overall headcount poverty rate in Baalbek/Hermel is 32%, compared to Lebanon’s average of 27 % (UNDP, 2008). 4.3.4. Educational Services Illiteracy remains a social problem in Hermel, which contains only a total of five schools. The overall average of illiteracy exceeds 16%, compared to a national average of 13.4%. Moreover, illiteracy among women is very high. It reaches often more than twice the frequency of illiteracy among men. Also, it is one of the districts that have the lowest concentration of private schools (CDR, 2005). Two schools are established in the project area including Al Hermel School (5 m away from Hermel primary road), and ‫( ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬Hermel Official Intermediate School) (25 m away from Hermel primary road). Refer to Figure L in Annex 1. 4.3.5. Infrastructure Due to the increase in the overall population of Hermel in the past few years and a decrease in the average precipitation level over the past 30 years, the area continues to suffer from scarcity in water supply and inadequate water quality and sanitation services. Regarding infrastructure, no wastewater treatment plants are available in the Hermel Caza. In fact, safe sewage networks are almost non-existent. Most residents rely entirely on sewage pits, with all the related risks for the environment and for human health. Even open discharge into valleys or along roads is practiced. It can be safely assumed that the poor management of sewage indicates an equally poor status of handling solid waste. These observations confirm the elevated environmental risks in Hermel (CDR, 2005)1. Hermel is part of the group of districts that are considered to have the least developed infrastructure. While about 90% of residents in Beirut, Mount Lebanon, Tripoli, Bekaa, Nabatiyeh, and the South are connected to the public water network, this percentage is much lower in other regions as only 60% are connected in Hermel and Baalbek. Also, it was observed that in Hermel the bad road conditions are leading to numerous accidents (CDR, 2005). The roads in Hermel are damaged and greatly lack proper safety measures, hence increasing the risk of accidents. Such deteriorating roads also hinder the easy access to the rural peripheries by limiting the mobility of the general population. Moreover, the absence of 1 Despite its date, this is the latest source that is published, available online, and contains comprehensive information regarding different aspects of Hermel’s caza background (the situation remains the same based on-site visit of February 2020). Page | 28 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  sufficient rainwater collection canals leads to often blocked roads during severe weather, mainly during the winter. 4.3.6. Traffic Assessment The road to be maintenained is of a 17,6 km length, stretching from the village of Ras Al Assi towards Charbine (Qoubaiyat-Qasr Road). No specific data were recorded regarding traffic flow, as the proposed project is not limited to a specific location, and the type of maintenance works do not cause total blockage of the roads. Traffic assessment was done by the designer using previous collected data (traffic count was carried out by the same designer (TEAM Int.) in 2018 during the rehabilitation phase) due to time constraints. Accordingly, traffic volume is moderate to low and vehicle vary between passenger cars, transportation trucks, busses and vans. 4.3.7. Healthcare Services Regarding health care facilities, Hermel caza consists of different facilities ranging from public and private hospitals, and private clinics. However, the number of these facilities is not very high. The main healthcare centers in Hermel are: Hermel El Kobra Pharmacy (15 m away from the road), . The hospitals in the area are at a safe distance from the concerned road: Al Assi Hospital is 600 m away (branching from the main road and following the asphalt road), Al Batoul Hospital and Hermel Governmental Hospital are both 1,300 m away (branching from the main road and following the asphalt road). Therefore, these hospitals will not be affected by the project. 4.3.8. Road Sensitive receptors Categories considered as sensitive receptors during road maintenance are natural reserves, schools, churches, hospitals, mosques, closest residential buildings and commercial shops, and other historical and/or archeological features. The sensitive receptors directly affected by the proposed primary road based on the field survey are green areas, agricultural lands, residential areas, commercial areas. Additionally, a historical and religious site in the heart of Hermel — Deir Mar Maroun Caves (170 meters from the source of the El-Assi River) is a protected site in Hermel (2.7 Km away from the concerned road). Kamouh El Hermel is an unprotected ancient pyramid near the concerned road (860 m away) which requires constant close supervision and close coordination with the municipality and the Directorate General of Antiquities (DGA). Furthermore, The Assi River which is a natural reserve is situated 100 m away from the Hermel primary road. Other nearby rivers are Wadi Esh’ Sharbine and Wadi Fissane. Also, several public and private schools are established in the project area such as Al Hermel School (5 m away from Hermel primary road), and ‫( ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺮﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺫﺟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬Hermel Official Intermediate School) (25 m away from Hermel primary road). Page | 29 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Extra precautions concerning noise levels, working hours and daytime need to be concerned near these areas. In summary, the main sensitive receptors of concern include rivers, green areas, agricultural lands, nearby residences and few schools and a religious site. Refer to Figure D for surrounding water bodies and Figure F for protected areas (Annex 1). 4.3.9. Land use/land cover patterns The land use and land cover in an area refers to both natural landscape and anthropogenic activities occupying the regions. The proposed roads in the Hermel Caza pass largely through rural areas. Figure E (Annex 1) shows the main land use and land covers of the Hermel Caza as well as those in the immediate vicinity of the proposed roads. The roads generally cross through vacant lands, few commercial units and scattered residencies as well as agricultural fields. 4.3.10. Archeology and cultural heritage The main sites of cultural heritage significance in the area are Kamouh El Hermel (860 m away from the concerned road), and Deir Mar Maroun Caves (2,7 km awasy from the concerned road). These sites will not be affected by the project. Page | 30 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  5. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS This chapter describes the environmental and social impacts that are likely to result from the maintenance of the roads. Due to the nature of the activities, the anticipated negative environmental and social impacts are expected to be minor to moderate during the maintenance phase and of temporary nature including dust, noise, waste generation, disruption to traffic and movement and possible damage to existing utilities; and of little consequence during the long- term operational phase. Such impacts can be minimized by implementing the environmental and social management plan. The assessment methodology is attached in Annex 2. 5.1. Potential Environmental and Social impacts during the maintenance phase Table 5-1. Environmental and Social Negative Impacts for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Description Rating Impact Environmental Deterioration Surrounding  Usage of maintenance Negative impact Minor to of Air quality Communities, equipment Shallow excavation from Air Emission of moderate Fauna and  Levelling works equipment and dust negative impact Flora, and  Transport vehicles delivering from stockpiles Water maintenance materials, resources.  Disturbances of stockpiles by winds and material handling Increase in Surrounding  Use of heavy machinery Negative impact Moderate Noise levels Communities  Excavation and milling works creating stress on negative impact and Fauna.  Labours shouting local inhabitants, and  Evacuation of materials close vicinity to road  Vibrations of heavy equipment works Loss of Surrounding  Dust from maintenance works Negative impact that Minor negative Biodiversity Fauna and  Wastewater from maintenance could cause loss of impact Flora and domestic disposal surrounding  Destruction of surrounding trees inhabitant and plantations  Disturbance of surrounding inhabitants with load sounds Generation of Biodiversity, Soil waste, milling materials, Negative impact Major negative Maintenance surface and domestic wastes improperly from contamination impact and ground water disposed water resources and excavation and soil soil. Also, possible waste blocking of streams. Deterioration Surrounding  Runoff and erosion from site Negative impact Moderate of Water and Communities, surfaces, drainage channels, from contamination negative impact soil quality Fauna and earth working areas and water resources and Flora, and stockpiles; soil. Water  Wash water from dust control; resources. Fuel, oil, solvents and lubricants leakage from machinery and equipment  Domestic wastewater from project offices Resources Surrounding  Increase quarrying causing raw Negative impact Moderate to low consumption Communities, materials depletion from fill and negative impact Fauna and  Increase quarrying causing dust, maintenance Flora, and noise, and vibrations material, and water depletion Page | 31 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Description Rating Impact Water  Increase transportation of heavy resources. vehicles  Increase water pumping Landscape Surrounding  Soil erosion Negative impact Minor to low and visual Communities  Excavation activities from depletion of the negative impact intrusion vegetative cover on the side roads and visual impact on the landscape Social Traffic Surrounding  Reducing traffic flow Negative Impact due Moderate during Communities  Possible temporary block of to possible traffic short time and road accessibility congestions or negative impact users, and accidents occurrence. workers Existing Surrounding  Cut-off water supply pipes Negative Impact due Moderate during infrastructure Communities  Destruction of electricity cables to possible loss of short time or/and phone lines. services negative impact  Social Surrounding The feeling of discrimination or Negative impact due Minor to low tensions Communities harassment due to hiring of foreign to conflict over jobs negative impact and workers labours or dissatisfaction Child labour Refugee and Allowing children to work in unsafe Negative Impact due High during long poor construction environment and to abuse and time negative communities preventing them the right of proper exploitation impact education Labour Refugee and  low wages, Negative Impact due High during long conditions poor  absence of social security and to possible abuse of time negative communities employment benefits rights impact unequal job opportunities SEA/SH Women and Labor influx in close proximity to Negative Impact due High during short associated children local communities may increase the to possible hassle time negative with potential risk of SEA/SH incidents creation with impact Labour Influx surrounding communities and road users Health and Surrounding  Improper traffic management Negative Impact due High during long safety Communities  Land obstacles and uncovered to accident time negative impacts and road holes occurrence impact users (The  Public) Workers  Work accident due to PPE Negative Impact due High during long noncompliance to accident time negative  Speedy project heavy occurrence impact machineries  Improper covering of pointy maintenance materials. Risks on Agricultural  Disturbance of surrounding Negative impact due High, since sensitive land, shop inhabitants with noise and dust to close proximity of agricultural receptors owners, emissions location to sensitive activities are residencies,  Improper waste disposal receptors highly prevalent archaeology  Soil erosion in Hermel and and cultural  Possible temporary block of given the ancient heritage accessibility pyramid's close proximity to the project location and the River Assi being a natural reserve Page | 32 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  5.2. Potential positive impacts during maintenance During maintenance, the project is expected to have positive impacts on socioeconomics. Being labor intensive, construction projects will result in job creation and in business opportunities for skilled and unskilled labor among residents and Syrian refugees, such as construction labor and the supply of construction material and provision of food to the construction workers. Based on the experience of construction work in the country, there is a higher probability of Syrians-refugees to apply and work in unskilled and low-skilled labor positions. The number of jobs created for roads maintenance within the Hermel Caza could not be estimated at this stage, however, compared to other similar projects, the project shall require between 20 and 30 labors, 2 Formen, 2 Engineers and 2 skilled drivers on daily basis. 5.3. Potential positive impacts during the operation phase Table 5-2 Environmental and Social Positive Impact for the Hermel district roads during the operation phase Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Description Rating Impact Environmental Impacts Air quality Surrounding Improve traffic flow that led to Positive impact due Major positive & Traffic Communities, improved fuel efficiency and better to reducing vehicle impact Fauna and engine performance, emissions Dust Flora, and Emission Water resources. Noise Surrounding  Reduce traffic congestion  Positive impact Moderate Communities,  Higher risk of noise production by reducing stress negative to and Fauna. on local positive impact inhabitants Water and Surrounding Improve the water drainage Positive impact Major positive soil quality Communities, collection system protection of water during long time Fauna and resources and soil. impact Flora, and Water resources. Landscape Surrounding  Elimination of road holes,  Positive impact Moderate and visual Communities falling retaining walls and due to the road negative to intrusion improving stress lights refurbishment to positive impact  Sourcing maintenance improved material from unlicensed appearance quarries  Negative due to increased raw materials depletion, and dust, noise, and vibrations generation Social Impacts Traffic Surrounding Reducing traffic congestion Positive Impact due High during long Communities to reducing traffic time positive and road travel time. impact users, and workers Socio- Surrounding  Improve accessibility of people Positive Impact due Positive economic Communities (including school and university to improvement in impacts and road students), goods and services local economic and users social development Page | 33 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Description Rating Impact  Reduced trip times and less and enhanced traffic congestion livelihood  Smoother road surfaces may opportunities lead to fewer vehicle repairs Health and Surrounding  With proper maintenance and Negative to Positive Moderate safety Communities signage, the roads can be safer Impact in accident negative to impacts and road with less potential for accidents occurrence positive users, and  With improved road conditions, workers the vehicle speeds increase 5.4. Summary of impact analysis The maintenance phase of any development is known to have potential adverse environmental and social impacts. The potential environmental and social impacts during both phases of the project were assessed to range from minor to major negative, with the majority being moderate negative. Table 5-3 summarizes the significance of impacts associated or expected with both the maintenance and operation phases. Negative impacts are mostly temporary or not significant in nature with similar size projects. Table 5-3 Summary of potential impacts of proposed roads in Hermel district Potential Impact Maintenance phase Operation phase Traffic Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Air quality Minor negative Minor negative to Positive Noise Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Biodiversity Minor negative Minor negative Maintenance Waste Major negative Neutral Soil and water Moderate negative Minor negative to Zero Resources consumption Moderate negative Neutral Existing infrastructure Minor negative Neutral to Positive Visual Intrusion Minor negative Minor negative to Positive Health and Safety Moderate negative Minor negative to Positive Socio-Economic Moderate negative to Positive Positive Archaeology / Cultural Heritage Neutral Neutral Expropriation/involuntary resettlement Neutral Neutral Page | 34 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  6. MITIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Mitigation measures are typically recommended whenever the potential impact is moderately significant with the ultimate purpose to eliminate or reduce the potential negative impacts of the proposed project. Mitigation measures are highly dependent on the significance of the predicted impact, the nature of the impact (permanent vs. temporary), or the phase of the project (maintenance vs. operation). Possible measures to mitigate potential impacts described in the previous section are outlined below, particularly during the maintenance phase. The operation phase will experience mostly general socio-economic improvements which is the purpose of the project although minor impacts are inevitable such as the increase of noise and vehicle emissions due to traffic increase. 6.1. Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures during maintenance Table 6-1 Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Mitigation Measure Impacts Description Environmental Air quality Surrounding  Usage of construction Negative  Ensuring adequate maintenance Communities, equipment Shallow excavation Impact from and repair of maintenance Fauna and  Levelling works Dust machinery and vehicles Flora  Transport vehicles delivering Emission  Maintaining good housekeeping maintenance materials, practices  Disturbances of stockpiles by  Turning off all equipment when winds and material handling not in use  Sprinkling water on the maintenance site on windy days  Proper handling of cement material  Covering all vehicles hauling materials  Ensuring good fuel quality is used in trucks transporting maintenance material to and from site  Ensuring optimum and regular transportation of maintenance materials to minimize storage of large heaps  Restricting vehicle speeds to 15km/h on unpaved roads and trucks  Ensure that all materials are sourced from licensed commercially operating quarries and asphalt and concrete batch plants.  Proper storage of stock piles and coverage of loose materials. Noise Surrounding  Use of heavy machinery Negative Use of quiet equipment and noise Communities,  Excavation and milling works impact mufflers, proper maintenance of and Fauna.  Labours shouting creating equipment, and limiting noisy  Evacuation of materials stress on activities to normal daylight local working hours. inhabitants, Page | 35 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Mitigation Measure Impacts Description  Increased vehicle speed and and close The increased vehicle speed and noise due to new good road vicinity to noise will require speed limitation condition road works methods such as speed bumps Biodiversity Surrounding  Dust from maintenance works Negative  Workers’ movement and Fauna and  Wastewater from construction impact that activities should not infringe on Flora and domestic disposal could cause the nearby ecosystems including  Destruction of surrounding trees loss of agricultural areas. and plantations surrounding  Workers should be instructed to Disturbance of surrounding inhabit inhabitant protect flora and fauna when ate with load sounds feasible as well as their habitats.  Solid and liquid waste should not be dumped into the natural environment (See below). Waste Biodiversity, Soil waste, milling materials, Negative  Properly dispose maintenance Generation surface and domestic wastes improperly impact from waste at suitable permitted ground water disposed contaminati locations by local municipalities and soil on water  Ensure proper handling of fuels, resources lubricants and other chemicals and soil. while maintaining maintenance Also, equipment and prevent possible possible leakage. Maintain equipment in blocking of dedicated repair shops. streams.  Collect waste to hand to recycling entity (if available) Water and Soil Surrounding  Runoff and erosion from site Negative  Building materials, asphalt, oil, Quality Communities, surfaces, drainage channels, impact from fuel and chemicals should be Fauna and earth working areas and contaminati stored away from river banks in Flora, and stockpiles; on water well controlled areas Water  Wash water from dust control; resources  Any stockpiled maintenance resources. Fuel, oil, solvents and lubricants and soil. material should be covered with leakage from machinery and an impermeable layer equipment  All refuelling operations shall  Domestic wastewater from take place off-site. project offices  Each container should be marked with the correct technical name of the substance it contains  A spill response plan shall be in place and all workers should be trained on its implementation  Used or waste fuel or other waste chemicals shall be stored in an isolated area until collected for off-site disposal by an approved waste contractor  Vehicle and equipment wash- down should only be done in designated areas.  A collection system shall be provided under any machinery or equipment that may leak hydrocarbons (e.g. mobile generator) Resources Surrounding  Increase quarrying causing raw Negative  Using water-efficient equipment consumption Communities, materials depletion impact from during maintenance operations Fauna and  Increase quarrying causing dust, fill and to avoid excessive and overuse Flora, and noise, and vibrations maintenance of water Water  Increase transportation of heavy material,  Recording monthly fuel resources. vehicles and water consumption.  Increase water pumping depletion Page | 36 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Mitigation Measure Impacts Description  Dry clean-up methods should replace wet cleaning methods to reduce water consumption  Appropriate plastic sheeting or waterproof paper should be used to cover the concrete after water curing to preserve moisture and reduce the evaporation  Turn off equipment when not in use  Regularly maintain machinery and generators  Do not leave vehicles idle for long periods  Site offices shall be well insulated to retain heat or cool,  Reuse excavated material whenever feasible  Accept maintenance material only from permitted quarrying sites Landscape and Surrounding  Soil erosion Negative  Documenting existing visual Communities  Excavation activities impact from conditions prior to initiation of intrusion depletion of the works the  Preserving existing vegetation vegetative when feasible cover on the  Restoring depleted vegetative side roads cover by replanting with and visual endemic trees (pine, oak, etc.) impact on where cutting is necessary the during maintenance. landscape  Clearance of all equipment, spoil heaps, and other materials after maintenance  Ensuring that lights are turned off when not needed Social Traffic Surrounding Impact to Traffic Negative  Scheduling transportation of Communities  Reducing traffic flow Impact due maintenance material during off and road  Possible temporary block of possible -peak traffic hours and during users, and accessibility traffic night time. workers congestions  Informing the public about the or accidents schedule of maintenance occurrence. activities  Maintaining access to roadside businesses  Ensuring adequate warning, signing, delineation and channelling  Providing personnel to manage traffic at the maintenance site, supported by Municipal police if needed  Ensure the GRM is readily available for use by sensitive receptors through wide dissemination, mobile GRM signs and coordination with affected municipalities. Existing Surrounding  Cut-off water supply pipes Negative  Avoid damaging any possible infrastructure Communities Impact due existing infrastructure and try to Page | 37 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Mitigation Measure Impacts Description  Destruction of electricity cables to possible obtain plans prior to or/and phone lines. loss of commencement of any  Block of drainage channels services maintenance works, in and/or wastewater collection coordination with relevant network municipalities.  Procedures for rapid notification in the case of disruption of any existing utility,  Immediate assistance with re- instatement, and close follow-up with concerned authorities. Social Surrounding The feeling of discrimination or Negative  Keep close coordination with tensions Communities harassment due to hiring of forging impact due municipal authorities to avoid and workers labours to conflict any tension escalation and over jobs or provide working vacancy for dissatisfacti local community on  Ensure requirements in CoCs are clearly understood.  Ensure that the sanctions embodied in the CoC are being clearly explained.  Verify that the GRM is being adequately implemented Child labour Refugee and Child Labour Negative Prevent any child labour and keep poor Allowing children to work in unsafe Impact due close monitoring to avoid any communities construction environment and to abuse and similar action preventing them the right of proper exploitation education Labour Refugee and  low wages, Negative Provide workers with the right conditions poor  absence of social security and Impact due wages and job opportunities and communities employment benefits to possible keep close monitoring to prevent  unequal job opportunities abuse of lack of social security and rights employment benefits Labour Influx Women and SEA/SH Negative Provide workers with the necessary children Verbal and/or action harassment Impact due training and awareness raising to possible session on issues regarding SEA/H, Sexual prior to signing the CoC. Abuse and Exploitation and Harassment (SEA/SH) Health and Surrounding Accidents/Incidents Negative  Comply with the standard safety impacts Communities  Improper traffic management Impact due safety, health and environmental and road users  Land obstacles and uncovers to accident regulations of the CDR and the (The Public) holes occurrence WB.  Increased vehicle speed due to  Installing proper warning signs, new good road condition  Making the Bank team aware of an incident occurrence within 24 hours.  Developing Public Health and Safety Plans  The increased vehicle speed and noise will require speed limitation methods such as speed bumps Workers  Work accident due to PPE Negative  Developing Occupational noncompliance Impact due Health and Safety Plans  Speedy project heavy to accident  Work within work zone only machineries occurrence Page | 38 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Potential Receptor  Activity generating impacts Impacts Mitigation Measure Impacts Description  Improper covering of pointy  Providing personnel protective maintenance materials. clothing and equipment PPEs.  Making the Bank team aware of an incident occurrence within 24 hours. Risks on Agricultural  Disturbance of surrounding Negative  Extra precautions taken in the sensitive land, shop inhabitants with noise and dust impact due vicinity of archaeological sites receptors owners, emissions to close and residencies to not cause residencies,  Improper waste disposal proximity of disturbance, in terms of archaeology  Soil erosion location to frequency, intensity and timing and cultural  Possible temporary block of sensitive of works heritage accessibility receptors  Prevent road closure  Monitoring air and noise emissions, and waste generation to not affect nearby agricultural lands Page | 39 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN Effective mitigation and monitoring plans require the presence of adequate capacity for environmental management at the national level. For the REP, the CDR plays a major role in ensuring the implementation of environmental mitigations by: Table 7-1. Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan for the Hermel district roads during the maintenance phase Frequency/ Impact Monitoring indicators Responsibility Duration Location Methods Estimated Cost1 Traffic Periodic site inspection by traffic expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and TMP experts employment documentation and photos of mitigation measures under maintenance documentation with salary of about (traffic management plan-TMP) supervision of site photos $1,500/month salary the Consultant Air quality Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & documentation and photos of mitigation under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS measures (vehicle and excavation emissions, supervision of site photos expert employment salary turning off of equipment not in use, equipment the Consultant of about $2,500/month maintenance, etc.) Total Suspended Particles (TSP), PM10, PM2.5 Contractor Upon At site and at Visual inspection and (wherever feasible), SOx, NOx and CO under public sensitive maintenance logs Environmental, Health & supervision of complaint receptors checkin Safety, and Social EHS the Consultant within 100 m expert employment salary from site of about $2,500/month Noise Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & documentation and photos of mitigation under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS measures (equipment mufflers, equipment supervision of site photos expert employment salary maintenance, equipment turned etc.) and the Consultant of about $2,500/month measurements of indicators in case of public complaints Page | 40 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Frequency/ Impact Monitoring indicators Responsibility Duration Location Methods Estimated Cost1 Leq, Lmin and Lmax Contractor Upon At site and at If there are community 500$/ event under public sensitive complains, supervision of complaint receptors measurement may take the Consultant within 100 m place. from site Single sample per location (average 1hr reading-15min intervals) during morning (7-8am), evening (1-2pm) and night (4-5pm) Maintenance Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & and other documentation while maintaining a record of under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS Solid waste waste generation, collection, segregation, supervision of site photos expert employment salary storage, transportation and disposal in terms of the Consultant of about $2,500/month type, quantity, and disposal location of generated waste Runoff water/ Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & drainage documentation under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site photos expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month Water quality analysis Contractor Upon At nearby Totals suspended solids, 1000$/ event under public seasonal BOD, COD, Oil and supervision of complaint river/ stream grease the Consultant Resource Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & consumption documentation of excavated material, water and under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS energy conservation practices and design supervision of site photos expert employment salary elements the Consultant of about $2,500/month Existing Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Coordination with Environmental, Health & infrastructure documentation of excavation works and under maintenance municipalities Safety, and Social EHS response to disruption of underground utilities supervision of site expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month Visual Periodic site inspection by EHS expert with Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & intrusion documentation of excavation and re-planting / under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS re-vegetation while checking on culverts supervision of site photos expert employment salary particularly following rainfall events the Consultant of about $2,500/month Health and Checking accident logs and ensuring proper Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & Page | 41 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Frequency/ Impact Monitoring indicators Responsibility Duration Location Methods Estimated Cost1 Safety recording of all incidents including near-misses under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site photos expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month Each road has one full time officer Socio-  Periodic site inspection by EHS expert Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & economic with documentation of employment and under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS grievance, sharing maintenance supervision of site photos expert employment salary schedule with the public, access to the Consultant of about $2,500/month roadside businesses, vendors and residences, and grievance record.  Documentation of training and raising awareness for SEA/SH and signing of the CoC as well as record of age verification against child labor.  Labor working conditions Contractor Daily At Visual observation and Environmental, Health & under maintenance documentation with Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site photos expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month  Monitoring community satisfaction. Contractor Daily At The site engineer Environmental, Health & under maintenance receives community Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site complaints (if any) expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month  Operational SEA/SH violation Contractor Daily At The site engineer Environmental, Health & under maintenance receives community Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site complaints (if any expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month  In case of public SEA/SH violation Contractor Daily At The site engineer Environmental, Health & under maintenance receives community Safety, and Social EHS supervision of site complaints (if any expert employment salary the Consultant of about $2,500/month Page | 42 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  7.1.1. Training In the context of the proposed project, that encompasses simple maintenance activities, environmental management during the maintenance and operation activities are relatively simple to ensure environmental protection. This can be accomplished through competent personnel with appropriate educational and professional background and instituting a periodic training program and site-specific plans that are adequate for protecting the general public and the environment as well as contributing to the mitigation of potential environmental impacts. Thus, contractor’s personnel who will be involved in the maintenance of the proposed project as well as personnel who will be involved in monitoring activities from the supervising Consultant may attend an environmental training workshop prior to the initiation of project activities. Relevant staff from the concerned municipalities are encouraged to attend, as they will be indirectly supervising the works on the ground. The objective of this training is to ensure appropriate environmental awareness, knowledge, and skills for the implementation of environmental mitigation measures. Environmental training sessions will be conducted twice a year for a period of one day during the maintenance phase. The training program will emphasize on pollution prevention measures and techniques during both phases, Health and Safety and implementation of TMP. The cost and schedule of this training program will be 1,000 USD per day including material preparation. Repeat workshops will be at 500 USD per day. The training will include Social risk management as well as Environmental risk management. The training program will cover the following topicsn and the number of attendees and date of trainings conducted will be documented:  GRM  SEA/SH  Codes of conduct  OHS, etc. 7.1.2. Reporting Progress reporting on safeguards compliance will take place as indicated in the ESMF (CDR, 2018) and listed below:  Contractor’s environmental compliance reports to the Environmental Supervision Consultant on monthly basis.  Environmental Supervision Consultant reviews and approves the contractor reports and submits to the PIU at the CDR Roads and Transport Department on monthly basis  PIU environmental/social progress reports to the WB, on a quarterly basis.  Incident reporting needs to be done within 24 hours to inform the bank task team and for further guidance on next steps 7.1.3. Documentation and Reporting During the maintenance phase, the Supervising Consultant shall submit a monthly report about the monitoring activities to various stakeholders including the CDR. The content of a typical report should mirror the indicators of the mitigation plan with proper documentation with photos and actions taken in the event of accidents, concerns or complaints. Page | 43 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  7.1.4. Guidelines for Health and Safety Plan during maintenance During maintenance, the contractor shall abide by the CDR Safety, Health, and Environmental Regulations for Construction Projects as well as the WBG Environmental Health and Safety General Guidelines. Also, the contractor should develop and implement detailed HS plan under supervision of the Engineer. Page | 44 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  8. CONSULTATION, DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 8.1. Public Consultation A public consultation meeting was conducted on August 24, 2023 at the Hermel Municipalities Union in Hermel. The attendees included 6 heads of municipalities in Hermel Caza, and one engineer representing TEAM International. Additionally, an online public meeting was conducted with international NGOs, on August 29, 2023. The complete attendance list is presented in Table 8-1, Table 8-2 and Annex 5. During the public consultation, one attendee was a woman while three women attended the online meeting. PAPs were not consulted at this stage due to the challenge of inviting local residents from all municipalities to the public meeting at Hermel Municipalities Union in Hermel. However, it's important to note that those living and working near the affected road will be informed about the project activities, schedule, and GRM before it begins. Page | 45 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure 8-1 Public participation session with Hermel Caza heads of municipalities The main issues raised by the attendees were as follows:  The heads of the municipalities who are members of the municipalities’ union of Hermel insisted on the necessity that the project includes other villages that did not benefit from the project’s first stage which constituted the rehabilitation and maintenance of primary roads in several villages.  Additionally, there were requests that the secondary roads of the villages concerned in the project, be taken into consideration as they are also in need of maintenance. (Union letter of requests Annex 5) They were informed that they can inquire about additional information and/or submit a complaint (if any) by contacting the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) Unit on 01980096 ext: 317 or send an Email to INFOCENTER@CDR.GOV.LB or register by hand an official letter at the CDR. Table 8-1 list of attendees Profession of Attendee Phone Number Engineer (representing 71/129459 TEAM International) Head of Fisane 71/340102 Municipality Head of Mazraat Sejoud 71/120140 Municipality Member of Mazraat 03/835816 Sejoud Municipality Vice Head of Jouar El 71/637799 Hachich Municipality Page | 46 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Head of Charbine 03/749156 Municipality Head of Al-Kouwakh 71/733603 Municipality Head of Hermel Municipalities Union . International NGOs: they are covering the whole country and their consultation will be applied to all the ESMPs of the REP. They provide relief and developmental aid to many developing countries. They support the society in responding to crises and helps people whose lives and livelihoods are shattered by conflict and disaster to survive, recover and gain control of their future. When the crisis in Syria erupted in early 2011, numerous International NGOs responded to the humanitarian crisis and worked directly with the Syrian in Lebanon by providing aid and responding to their critical situation. This ESMP consulted International NGOs (see Table 8-2) in an online meeting to inform them about the Project, disseminate it, ask them to circulate its impacts and activities among Syrian and tell them that they can inquire about additional information and/or submit a complaint (if any) by contacting the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) Unit on 01980096 ext:317 or send an Email to GRM.REP@cdr.gov.lb B or register by hand an official letter at the CDR. Table 8-2 Consulted International NGOs and their Activities NGO Name Contacts Intervention Sector(s) Comments ANERA Deputy Country Director  Children & Youth the deputy country Lebanon T: 01382590 (ext: 105)  Development director received the M: 70051813  Education Project information sheet E: anera@anera.org  Relief Services and explained that  Water sanitation recently Anera and hygiene operations in Lebanon have grown substantially to cope with the Syrian crisis. They have six offices throughout Lebanon. She welcomed the idea of the Project and will disseminate it across her organization. ACTED Deputy Country Director  Development the deputy country T: 01324331  Infrastructure & director received the M: 79160375 Services Project information sheet E: beirut@acted.org Rehabilitation and explained that  Labor & ACTED is working with Livelihoods Syrian in Beirut and  Shelter northern districts of  Water sanitation Mount Lebanon and hygiene (Baabda, Metn, Keserwane and Jbeil) and Bekaa, as well as in Akkar District. He welcomed the idea of the Project and will disseminate it across his organization. Page | 47 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Danish Refugee Country Director  Direct Assistance the deputy country Council (DRC) T: 01339052 (ext.: 201)  Protection director received the E: drc@drc.ngo  Shelter Project information sheet  Community and explained that DRC Empowerment and is working with Syrian Livelihoods on many sectors in different locations across Lebanon including Beirut, Tripoli, Kobayat and Bekaa. He welcomed the idea of the Project and will disseminate it across his organization. Table 8-2 List of Contacted Local NGOs Organization Contacts Activities Feedback Kafa kafa@kafa.org.lb KAFA (enough) They requested Violence & Exploitation explanation concerning is a feminist, secular, grievance action Lebanese, non-profit, mechanism and what non-governmental civil methodology to submit. society organization Also, explanation on the seeking to create a type of maintenance society that is free of works and the possibility social, economic and of increasing the items legal patriarchal and volumes for works. structures that discriminate against women. The answer was that Himaya himaya@himaya.org Himaya was founded in there is no possibility of 2008 with the increasing project 01 395 315 notification number activities due to 748/2009. The constraints in terms of organization has budget and time continued to grow, responding to child protection needs on a national level. Lost media@lostlb.org Lebanese NGO that works with people, particularly women and youth to create a more developed and equitable society through reducing poverty, eliminating exclusion, and fostering a culture of peace. Disclosure It is to be noted that the residences and commercial units near the concerned road will be made aware of the project activities, schedule and GRM prior to commencement. 8.2. Grievance Redress Mechanism Page | 48 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  8.2.1. GRM for Communities The GRM will be accessible to all relevant stakeholders who can use this mechanism to send their suggestions, concerns and complaints related to the PIU. The complaints, suggestions and concerns can be sent by email, mail, phone (through a hotline), in person and other means such as a grievance compliant logging sheet where grievances are registered in writing and maintained as a database. The phone number, e-mail address, and address for receiving complaints will be disclosed among the population and will be posted at the maintenance sites in Hermel Caza, before commencement of project implementation. Moreover, the information on how to access the GRM should be available on CDR website. Moreover, the contractor will have to coordinate with the relevant municipalities prior to the works commencement to disseminate the availability of a GRM to the public and affected communities. The social expert of the contractor is responsible for addressing and explaining the grievances arising from to the municipality officials and the surrounding communities. The experts will make sure to clarify that in the occurrence of any Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) complaints, these will be immediately reported to the CDR who will in turn report to the World Bank. The GRM levels of the project are the following: • Level 1: If any person has any complaint or concern regarding the project implementation, he/she can lodge an oral or written grievance to the site Manager. In case an oral complaint is made, it should be written by the Contractor Social expert. The issue must be resolved within a maximum duration of one week (immediate investigation shall be carried out and corrective actions shall be taken in case of issues assessed as critical). • Level 2: If the person is not satisfied with the action of the Contractor, he/ she can send the complaint to the PIU social specialist through Phone: 01980096 ext:317, Email: GRM.REP@cdr.gov.lb or official letter registered at the CDR. The issue shall be resolved within a maximum of two weeks. The contact details are made available to the public by being presented on the project and mobile sign boards. • Level 3: If the person is not satisfied with the decision of the social specialist of PIU, he or she can bring the complaint to the attention of the PIU Director’s Office. Once the PIU Director receives the complaint, it needs to be resolved within a maximum of two weeks. Citizens can also register an official letter at the CDR (Address: Tallet al Serail - Riad el Solh, Beirut – Lebanon). Meanwhile, it is recommended that the aggrieved party is consulted and be informed of the course of action being taken, and when a result may be expected. Moreover, reporting of the complaints to the PIU should be done regularly. The designated person at each level should report to the PIU on the number and subject of new complaints received, and the status of the already existing complaints, if any. The report should also inform the PIU of complaints that could not be resolved at the lower levels and are being elevated to the PIU Director’s attention. The PIU aggregates information received into a status report each quarter, indicating the number and subject of complaints. The quarterly status report also provides up-to-date information on the number and subject of complaints that have been Page | 49 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  resolved, and the manner in which they have been resolved. This information will be shared with the Bank. The Complaints Register form (refer to Annex 6) includes the following: i) details and nature of the complaint ii) the complainant’s name and their contact details iii) date iv) Corrective actions taken in response to the complaint. The GRM does not exclude the formal legal process of the national law. If a grievance remains unresolved following application of the project GRM process, the affected person can initiate legal proceedings in accordance with national law and may have recourse to the Appeals Court as warranted. Figure 8-2 (overleaf) presents a detailed flowchart describing the process of grievance starting form reception of grievance to implementation of corrective measures. 8.2.2. GRM for Workers A GRM for internal employees, namely the laborers onsite are also necessary. It aims to allow labors to report any wrongdoings in their favor or important concerns they might have. This internal GRM is similar in nature to the one previously discussed (in terms of accessibility, reporting means, etc.…). The only main difference is the contact people for each level. In this context, the first level involves reporting to the health and safety officer and has a duration of one week. The second level involves reporting to the PMU Director and should be resolved within one week. It also follows the Complaints Register form (refer to Annex 6). Page | 50 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure 8-2. Typical grievance redresses mechanism for the REP Source: CDR, 2018 Page | 51 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  REFERENCES Abdallah C. 2007. Application of remote sensing and geographical information system for the study of mass movements in Lebanon. Tectonics. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI. ABI-SALEH, B., SAFI, S. ET AL. 1996. LA Flore Terrestre: Habitats Forestiers et Ecosystèmes Naturels. In: UNDP - Ministère de l’Agriculture (LIBAN), ÉTUDE DE LA DIVERSITE BIOLOGIQUE DU LIBAN, T. III, PROJET PNUE / GF / 6105-92-72. Canter, L.W. 1995. Environmental impact assessment. McGraw-Hill, New York. CAS & ILO. 2019. Labour Force and Household Living Conditions Survey (LFHLCS) 2018– 2019 Lebanon. Funded by the European Union. CAS, UNDP and MoSA. 2004. Living Conditions and Household Budget Survey. CDR. 2018. Environmental and Social Management Framework for the Roads and Employment Project. Republic of Lebanon. DOLIDAR (2017). Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines. Government of Nepal De Nevers, N. 2000. Air Pollution Control Engineering. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York. Dubertret M., 1949. Carte Geologique detaille au 1:50,000, feuille de Baalbek, Liban. Delegation Generale de France au Levant, Beirut. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). 1997. Procedures for abatement of highway traffic noise and construction noise-23 CFR PART 772. Online. Available: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov///environment/23cfr772.htm#table1. Huijer C., Harajli M. and Sadek S. 2011. Upgrading the seismic hazard of Lebanon in light of the recent discovery of the offshore thrust fault system. Lebanese Science Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2. Ministry of Environment. 2001. State and Trends of the Lebanese Environment. Beirut. Lebanon. Ministry of Environment. 2010. State and Trends of the Lebanese Environment. Beirut. Lebanon. Ministry of Public Health. 2016. Statistical Bulletin 2016. Online. Available: https://www.moph.gov.lb/en/Pages/8/327/statistical-bulletins Salem, S. 2014. Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Work Zones in Arterial Improvement Projects (No. N14-16). TranLIVE. Schwab, K. (2017). The Global Competitiveness Report 2017✹ 2018. World Economic Forum. Sbayti, H. 2000. Air pollution modeling of transport-related emissions in the Solidere area. M.S. thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon. Supe S.M. Gawande. 2013. Effect of dust fall on vegetation. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 4: 2319 7064. Page | 52 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  The World Bank Group. 2019. Climate Change Knowledge Portal. [Online] Available at: http://sdwebx.worldbank.org/climateportal/index.cfm?page=country_historical_climate&T hisCCode=LBN UNDP 1970. Liban etude des eaux souterraines. New York, 186 p. UNDP. 2014. Assessment of Groundwater resources of Lebanon. Beirut, Lebanon World Bank. 2002. The World Bank Policy on Disclosure of Information. June 2002. The World Bank, Washington D.C. Page | 53 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  ANNEX Annex 1: Figures and Tables Related to Chapter 4 Page | 54 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure A Satellite image of the Hermel primary road (source: Google Earth) Page | 55 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure B Administrative Map Page | 56 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure C Geology Map Page | 57 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure D Hydrology and Hydrogeology Map Page | 58 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure E Land use / cover map Page | 59 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure F Protected areas map Page | 60 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure G Syrian Refugees Distribution Map in Hermel Caza (source: UNHCR 2021) Page | 61 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure H Precipitations values along all Hermel roads (period extending between 1996-2018) CHIRPS satellite 4.5 km spatial resolution (Source: CHIRPS satellite) Page | 62 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure I Land surface temperature variation for all Hermel roads (period extending between 2000-2018) MODIS satellite 1km spatial resolution (Source: MODIS satellite) Page | 63 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure J Windrose diagram Hermel area (wind direction, speed, and frequency, Source: Meteoblue prognostic model Page | 64 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure K Syrian Refugees Map in Lebanon (UNHCR, 2023) Page | 65 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure L Schools in close proximity of the concerned road Page | 66 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure L Air quality cells for Hermel road (Source: MoE, 2019) Figure M Cultivated trees and degraded grasslands bordering Hermel primary road-01 Page | 67 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure N Residencies near the road (It is to be noted that the residences and commercial units near the concerned road will be made aware of the project activities, schedule and GRM prior to commencement). Figure O Commercial stores near the road (It is to be noted that the residences and commercial units near the concerned road will be made aware of the project activities, schedule and GRM prior to commencement). Page | 68 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure P Road bordered by residential area and trees Figure Q Green areas bordering the primary road Page | 69 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure R Deir Mar Maroun Caves Figure S Kamouh El Hermel Page | 70 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Figure T Assi River Page | 71 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Annex 2: Assessment Methodology The assessment followed the Lebanese MoE grading methodology stated in Decree 260/1, dated 2015. The impact grading methodology is explained in this section. This approach was adopted in order to address the several sources of impacts from the project’s rehabilitation and operational phases. The stages of the evaluation process are the following: 1. Identification of project-related activities (sources) and environmental aspects. 2. Identification of potential impacts to the environment (physical, biological, human, cultural). 3. Evaluation and assessment of the related unmitigated impact significance. Impacts are first classified as shown the table below: Table A Classification of impacts Matrix Classification Criteria P (Positive)  The proposed activity offers benefits for the overall project N (Negative)  Impacts having minimal to major negative influence N (Nature) D (Direct)  Impact arising directly from the project activities I  Impacts arising from activities not directly related to the (Indirect) project development  High potential to mitigate negative impacts on the physical, biological or human environment to the level of L insignificant effects. (Low)  Disturbance of degraded areas with little conservation value. Minor changes in species occurrence or variety.  Simple mitigation measures may be needed to minimize impacts  Medium range (beyond site boundary but restricted to local M area). (Magnitude)  Medium-term (reversible over time, duration of operational phase). M  Potential to mitigate negative impacts on physical, (Moderate) biological or human environment. However, the implementation of mitigation measures may still not prevent some negative effects.  Destruction/Disturbance of areas with potential conservation value. Complete changes in species occurrence or variety. Page | 72 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Matrix Classification Criteria  Mitigation measures will help minimize impacts  Disturbance to areas of high conservation value. Destruction of rare or endangered species.  Mitigation is required. H  Largely irreversible impacts on the physical, biological or (High) human environment.  Has a massive impact on the surrounding livelihood.  Potentially irreparable damage to a site of social and/or cultural importance L  Limited to the project area (Local)  Locally occurring impact within the locality of the proposed E project (Extent) G  Extend beyond the local area (Global)  National impact affecting resources on a national scale S  Activities and their related impacts are characterized by a (Short-term) short duration of effect T M  Activities and their related impacts are characterized by a (Timing) (Medium-term) medium duration of effect L  Activities and their related impacts are characterized by a (Long-term) long duration of effect C  Impacts arise during the construction phase of the proposed D (Construction) project (Duration) O (Operation)  Impacts arise during the operational phase of the project R  Impacts may be reversible, or able to be rehabilitated upon R (Reversible) the decommissioning of the proposed project (Reversibility) I  Impacts may not be reversible, or able to be rehabilitated (Irreversible) upon the decommissioning of the proposed project L  The classified impact is unlikely to occur under normal (Low) operating conditions L M (Likelihood of  The classified impact may possibly occur (Medium) occurrence) H  The classified impact is unlikely to occur under normal (High) operating conditions L  Results in no substantial adverse change to existing S (Low) environmental conditions (Significance) M  Substantial adverse change to existing environmental (Medium) conditions Page | 73 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Matrix Classification Criteria  Can be mitigated to less-than-significant levels by implementation of proposed potentially feasible mitigation measures or by the selection of an environmentally superior project alternative  Substantial adverse change to existing environmental H conditions (High)  Cannot be fully mitigated by implementation of all feasible mitigation measures The environmental significance matrix adopted is based on the well-known “weighted scoring” or “weighing and scoring” method used as a tool in various decision analysis applications. In this method, the following steps takes place: 1. Attributes relevant to the project are chosen 2. Weights or numerical values are assigned to each attribute depending on its importance (values should be based on objective data or expert opinion to exclude subjectivity during the process). 3. Scores are allocated to each option to reflect its status with respect to each attribute The final result is a single weighted score for each option, which is used to quantify its overall performance/significance. As such, the adopted matrix is designed to allow subjective conclusions to be numerically recorded or quantified, therefore providing at the same time an impact evaluation and quantitative record to revert to in the future: Table B Signifiance Impact Matrix Magnitude x Extent x Duration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Likelihood Frequency 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 x 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 Yellow: Negligible / Green: Low significance / Blue: Medium significance / Red: High significance Page | 74 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Annex 3: Road signs, markings, lights, and barricades to be used during rehabilitation works Page | 75 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 76 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 77 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 78 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 79 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Annex 4: Code of Conduct Table C Contractor Code of Conduct Form Contractor Code of Conduct: 1. All employees, associates, and representatives commit to treating women, children (under the age of 18), and men with respect, regardless of race; colour; language; religion; political or other opinion; national, ethnic or social origin; sexual orientation or gender identity; disability; birth or other status. 2. GBV constitutes acts of gross misconduct and is therefore grounds for sanction, which may include penalties and/or termination of employment. All forms of GBV are unacceptable, regardless of whether they take place on the worksite, the worksite surroundings, or off-site. In addition to the potential sanctions listed above, legal prosecution will be pursued, if appropriate, for any employees, associates, and representatives alleged to have committed GBV. 3. Demeaning, threatening, harassing, abusive, or sexually provocative language and behaviour are prohibited among all company employees, associates, and representatives. 4. Sexual favors, making promises or favourable treatment dependent on sexual acts are prohibited. 5. Unless there is the full consent by all parties involved, sexual interactions between the company’s employees (at any level) and members of the surrounding communities are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the withholding or promise of any kind of reward. 6. All employees, including volunteers and sub-contractors are expected to report suspected or actual GBV by a fellow worker, whether in the same company or not. Reports must be made in accordance with GBV allegation procedures. 7. All employees are required to attend an induction training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure they are familiar with the GBV Code of Conduct. 8. All employees must attend a mandatory training course once a month for the duration of the contract starting from the first induction training prior to commencement of work to reinforce the understanding of the institutional GBV Code of Conduct. 9. All employees will be required to sign an individual code of conduct confirming their agreement to support GBV activities. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing GBV Code of Conduct, and on behalf of the company agree to comply with the standards contained therein. I understand my role and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Code of Conduct or failure to act mandated by this Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action. Company Name: Signed by: Title: Date: Page | 80 ‫‪Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza ‬‬ ‫‪Environmental and Social Management Plan ‬‬ ‫)‪Table D Contractor Code of Conduct Form (in Arabic‬‬ ‫‪:‬ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ( ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ؛‬ ‫‪1.‬ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺴﺒﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻭﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ )ﺗﺤﺖ ﺳﻦ ‪ 18‬ﻋﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ؛ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ؛ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ؛ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ؛ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻗﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ؛ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔ ؛ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺰ؛ ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2 -‬ﻳُﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺳﻮء ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺟﺴﻴﻤﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭ ‪ /‬ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﻋﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺿﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒًﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻋﻮﻡ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪3.‬ﺗﺤﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻳﻘﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻲء ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺰﺍﺯﻱ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻮﻅﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻣﻼء ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4.‬ﻳﺤﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻋﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪5.‬ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻁﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺤﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﻅﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ( ﻭﺃﻋﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻄﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺑﺄﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺄﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6.‬ﻳُﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻮﻋﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻟﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻁﻦ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍء ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪ .‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ ﻭﻓﻘًﺎ ﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺍﺩﻋﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪7.‬ﻳُﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺪء ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪8.‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﻁﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﺪ ً‬ ‫ءﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻬﻴﺪﻱ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺪء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺘﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9.‬ﺳﻴُﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﻓﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﺗﺆﻛﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻋﻢ ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺮ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻓﻬﻢ ﺩﻭﺭﻱ ﻭﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻪ‪ .‬ﺃﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻳﻔﺮﺿﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺗﺄﺩﻳﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪Page | 81‬‬ Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Table E Individual Code of Conduct Form (in English)  This individual Code of Conduct should be signed by all employees, from senior managers through the operational staff, and should also be required from any Contractors working with the company.  I, acknowledge that preventing gender-based violence (GBV) is important, and that preventing it is my responsibility. At [Company], GBV activities constitute acts of gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, penalties or potential termination of employment. All forms of GBV are unacceptable, be it on the worksite, the worksite surroundings, or in the community. Prosecution of those who commit GBV may be pursued if appropriate.  I agree that while working on the [Project], I will:  Consent to a police background check.  Treat women, children (persons under the age of 18), and men with respect regardless of race; colour; language; religion; political or other opinion; national, ethnic or social origin; sexual orientation or gender identity; disability; birth or other status.  Not use language or behaviour towards women, children or men that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate.  Not request or engage in sexual Favors—for instance, making promises or favourable treatment dependent on sexual acts.  Understand that unless there is the full consent by all parties involved, sexual interactions between the company’s employees (at any level) and members of the surrounding communities are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the withholding or promise of monetary or non-monetary reward.  Attend and actively partake in training courses related to HIV/AIDS and GBV as requested by my employer.  Report through the grievance redress mechanism or to my manager any suspected or actual GBV by a fellow worker, whether in my company or not, or any breaches of this Code of Conduct. Sanctions [Company] has established a grievance redress mechanism for receiving, reviewing, and addressing allegations of GBV. If an employee has breached the Code of Conduct, the employer will take disciplinary action which could include:  Informal warning  Formal warning  Additional training  Loss of up to one week’s salary  Suspension of employment (without payment of salary), for a minimum period of one month up to a maximum of six months  Termination of employment In addition to the above, if warranted, [Company] will report the employee to the police as per local legal regulations. I understand that it is my responsibility to use common sense and avoid actions or behaviours that could be construed as GBV or breach this Code of Conduct. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action and may affect my ongoing employment. Individual Name: Signed by: Title: Date: Page | 82 ‫‪Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza ‬‬ ‫‪Environmental and Social Management Plan ‬‬ ‫)‪Table F Individual Code of Conduct Form (in Arabic‬‬ ‫•ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻴﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺃﻳﻀًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ,‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ ‪,‬ﺃﻗﺮ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻣﻨﻌﻪ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ]ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ[‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫•ﺃﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺳﻮء ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺟﺴﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻧﻬﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍء ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺃﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ]ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ[ ‪ ،‬ﺳﺄﻗﻮﻡ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺍﻷﻣﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻁﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻭﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ )ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻋﻦ ‪ 18‬ﺳﻨﺔ( ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻕ ؛ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ؛ ﻟﻐﺔ؛ ﺩﻳﻦ؛ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ؛ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻗﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ؛ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔ ؛ ﻋﺠﺰ؛ ﻭﻻﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﻖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻳﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺴﻔﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺰﺍﺯﻱ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺎ ً‪.‬‬ ‫•ﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻭﻋﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻁﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺤﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﻅﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ( ﻭﺃﻋﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻄﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺠﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺪ ﺑﻤﻜﺎﻓﺄﺓ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺑﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻔﻴﺮﻭﺱ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ‪ /‬ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺯ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺐ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫•ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻈﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺒﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍء ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﺃﻡ ﻻ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﺄﺕ ]ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ[ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻈﺎﻟﻢ ﻟﺘﻠﻘﻲ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻣﺰﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻚ ﻣﻮﻅﻒ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﻴﺘﺨﺬ ﺇﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺗﺄﺩﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫•ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫•ﺗﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫•ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫•ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﺗﺐ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫•ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ )ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺗﺐ( ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺤﺪ ﺃﻗﺼﻰ ﺳﺘﺔ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫•ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﺰﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻘﻮﻡ ]ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ[ ﺑﺈﺑﻼﻍ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻅﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻁﺔ ﻭﻓﻘًﺎ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺲ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍءﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺧﺮﻕ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ .‬ﺃﻗﺮ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻧﻨﻲ ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻪ‪ .‬ﺃﻓﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻳﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻳﻔﺮﺿﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺗﺄﺩﻳﺒﻲ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪Page | 83‬‬ Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Annex 5: Public Consultation Notes, Presentation, Invitation Letters, and Attendance Sheets Notes: This ESMP was publicly consulted where a public participation meeting was arranged for Hermel Caza. The public meeting was held at the Union of Hermel Municipalities on Thursday August 24, 2023. The number of attendees was 7 of which one was a woman. During the meeting, attendees were informed about the project objectives, the identified natural, economic, and social resources of importance in the area, the project’s possible environmental and social risks, the planned mitigation measures and Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). First, local authorities were not satisfied about the selection of roads within the scope of REP. According to them, there are roads that are in greater need for rehabilitation. They asked about the selection process as they were not consulted at the beginning of the project. In this context, the consultant explained that the Government prioritized roads in Hermel Caza based on municipalities’ official requests beside several technical criteria. The second main concern was the coordination with relevant authorities, especially with respect to public works (i.e. wastewater and water infrastructure, etc.). The head of municipalities were worried whether there would be coordination among ministries and infrastructural institutions before the project implementation to avoid re-excavations of roads and further disturbances and pressures. In this context, the public was informed that CDR will ensure that a full coordination among municipalities and authorities prior to project execution. Further, technical concerns were revealed during the meeting including whether the scope of work encompasses installing new drainage systems when needed and rehabilitating existing wastewater channels that are in bad conditions. In this context, the consultant explained that, when needed, proper drainage systems will be installed, however, wastewater channels are not included in the project scope. Finally, women shared the same concern of the rest of attendees (road selection, coordination between relevant authorities, and works included within the project scope). Page | 84 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 85 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Slides: Page | 86 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 87 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 88 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 89 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 90 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 91 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 92 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 93 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 94 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Public Consultation Invitation Letters Page | 95 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Page | 96 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Attendance Sheet: Page | 97 Routine Maintenance / Hermel Caza  Environmental and Social Management Plan  Annex 6: Complaint Register Form Name of Date Name, phone Complaint employer/ Date of the Corrective Type of of and address of issue and representative complaint Action Complaint close Complainant action taken notified of out complaint Page | 98