NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY
PESHAWAR - SOUTHERN LINK ROAD PROJECT
(SLR)
RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP)
(Preliminary Alignment)
January 2025
CONSULTANTS
DISCLAIMER
The current Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the Southern Link Road of the Khyber
Pass Economic Corridor (KPEC) has been prepared based on the project's preliminary
alignment. This document is subject to revision and will be updated once the successful
bidder is selected and submits his final design. The final implementation-ready RAP will
incorporate necessary adjustments based on the project's detailed design.
Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
Version/Revision Date Originator Reviewer
Rana Abdur Rehman
1st. Resettlement Action November. NHA-EALS Social
(Resettlement
Plan (RAP) 2023 Safeguards Team
Specialist, RHC)
Rana Abdur Rehman
2nd. Resettlement Action February. NHA-EALS Social
(Resettlement
Plan (RAP) 2024 Safeguards Team
Specialist, RHC)
Rana Abdur Rehman
3rd Resettlement Action Plan October NHA-EALS Social
(Resettlement
(RAP) 2024 Safeguards Team
Specialist, RHC)
Draft Final Version- January 21, NHA-EALs Social
NHA-EALs
Preliminary SLR RAP 2025 Safeguards Team
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVISION HISTORY ............................................................................................................. i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ ii
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ vi
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................. vii
LIST OF ANNEXURES ...................................................................................................... viii
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS.................................................................................. ix
GLOSSARY .......................................................................................................................... x
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 1
1 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION .................................................. 1-1
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ......................................................................... 1-1
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................... 1-1
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT .............................................................. 1-2
1.4 SLR ALIGNMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LAND USE ............................. 1-3
1.4.1 Objectives and Scope of RAP ......................................................... 1-3
1.5 EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE THE INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACTS 1-
4
2 LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK .................................................................... 2-1
2.1 LEGAL AND POLICY BACKGROUND ........................................................ 2-1
2.1.1 The Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894 ............................................. 2-1
2.1.2 Legal Framework ............................................................................ 2-1
2.1.3 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition (Amendment) Act 2020 2-2
2.1.4 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition Rules 2020 .................. 2-3
2.1.5 World Bank Involuntary Resettlement Policy (OP 4.12) ................... 2-3
2.1.6 Comparison of LAA - 1894 and WB OP 4.12 ................................... 2-4
2.2 BRIDGING THE GAPS BETWEEN THE LAA AND WB POLICY................. 2-6
2.3 APPLICABILITY OF WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ................... 2-6
2.3.1 Remedial Measures to Bridge the Gap ............................................ 2-7
3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY for SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT .......... 3-1
3.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 DATA COLLECTION SOURCES AND SURVEY TOOLS ............................ 3-1
3.2.1 Data from Primary Resources ......................................................... 3-1
3.3 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ................................................................ 3-3
3.3.1 Socio-economic Survey................................................................... 3-3
3.3.2 The Census Survey ......................................................................... 3-3
3.3.3 Detailed Measurement Survey (DMS) ............................................. 3-4
3.4 VALUATION OF AFFECTED PROPERTY AND ASSETS ........................... 3-4
3.4.1 Land ................................................................................................ 3-5
3.4.2 Trees ............................................................................................... 3-5
3.4.3 Crops .............................................................................................. 3-5
3.4.4 Residential and Commercial Structures........................................... 3-5
3.4.5 Community and Public Structures ................................................... 3-5
3.5 DATA QUALITY AND VALIDATION ............................................................. 3-6
3.6 RESETTLEMENT DATABANK .................................................................... 3-6
4 IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT (LAR) IMPACTS
4-1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.1 SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT .......................... 4-1
4.2 CUT-OFF DATE .......................................................................................... 4-1
4.2.1 Impact on Land ............................................................................... 4-1
4.2.2 Communal Land-Affected Households and PAPs ............................ 4-3
4.2.3 Option of “Land for Land” ................................................................ 4-4
4.2.4 Loss of Trees................................................................................... 4-4
4.2.5 Affected Residential and Commercial Structures ............................. 4-5
4.2.6 Estimation of the Affected Covered Area of the Residential Structures
4-5
4.2.7 Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Commercial Assets ............... 4-6
4.2.8 Communal Land in District Khyber .................................................. 4-6
4.2.9 Affected Community and Public Structures...................................... 4-7
Installation of Fiber Optic Cabel: ................................................................. 4-7
4.2.10 Handling/ Procedure of Shifting Individual Graves ......................... 4-7
4.2.11 Loss of Income/ Livelihood ............................................................ 4-8
4.2.12 Impact on Employees of Affected Commercial Structures ............. 4-9
4.2.13 Vulnerable PAPs of Impacted Structures............................................ 4-9
4.2.14 Vulnerable PAPs of Impacted Land .................................................... 4-9
5 SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT and PROFILE................................................ 5-1
5.1 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE..................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Social and Tribal Structure .............................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 Demographic Profile ........................................................................ 5-2
5.1.3 Main Occupations, Source of Income and Land Ownership Status . 5-2
5.1.4 Construction Pattern of Housing ...................................................... 5-3
5.1.5 Religion Composition ...................................................................... 5-3
5.1.6 Language Spoken ........................................................................... 5-3
5.1.7 Educational Institutions in the Surveyed Villages ............................. 5-4
5.1.8 Institutional Facilities Available ........................................................ 5-4
5.1.9 Source of Drinking and Irrigation Water ........................................... 5-5
5.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTERVIEWS OF LAND AFFECTED PERSONS ....... 5-6
5.2.1 Communal Land Ownership ............................................................ 5-7
5.3 GENDER ASSESSMENT ........................................................................... 5-8
5.3.1 Roles and Responsibilities of Women ............................................. 5-9
5.3.2 Vulnerabilities (Elderly, Disabled, Widows and Minorities) ............. 5-13
5.3.3 Gender-Based Violence ................................................................ 5-13
5.3.4 Project Benefits for Women ........................................................... 5-13
5.3.5 Overall Concerns of women communities about the project: ......... 5-14
5.3.6 Findings of the Gender Assessment .............................................. 5-14
6 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ........................... 6-1
6.1 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATION .............................. 6-1
6.2 PURPOSE OF CONSULTATION ................................................................ 6-1
6.3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION.............................................................. 6-1
6.4 CONSULTATION WITH MALES.................................................................. 6-2
6.4.1 Consultation with Females .............................................................. 6-2
6.4.2 Findings of the Consultation ............................................................ 6-4
6.5 CONSULTATION WITH PAPS DURING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION .... 6-6
6.6 RAP DISCLOSURE PLAN .......................................................................... 6-6
7 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM) ...................................................... 7-1
7.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 7-1
7.2 WHY GRM FOR THE KPEC PROJECT...................................................... 7-1
7.3 PURPOSE OF GRM ................................................................................... 7-1
7.4 SCOPE ....................................................................................................... 7-2
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7.5 GRM JURISDICTION ................................................................................. 7-2
7.6 POTENTIAL GRIEVANCES ........................................................................ 7-2
7.7 GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL......................................................................... 7-3
7.7.1 Create Awareness ........................................................................... 7-3
7.7.2 Provide sufficient and timely information to communities ................. 7-3
7.7.3 Conduct meaningful community consultations ................................. 7-3
7.8 GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF GRM ............................................................... 7-4
7.8.1 GRM Principles ............................................................................... 7-4
7.8.2 Eligibility .......................................................................................... 7-4
7.8.3 Exclusions ....................................................................................... 7-5
7.9 RESPONSIBILITIES OF GRIEVANCES REDRESS ................................... 7-5
7.9.1 Project Director ............................................................................... 7-5
7.9.2 Social and Resettlement Specialist/s ............................................... 7-5
7.9.3 Social Mobilizer ............................................................................... 7-6
7.10 IMPLEMENTATION STEPS FOR THE GRM .............................................. 7-6
7.10.1 Step 1: Uptake (locations and channels) ....................................... 7-6
7.10.2 Step 3: Acknowledgement and follow-up ....................................... 7-7
7.10.3 Step 4: Monitoring and evaluation ................................................. 7-8
7.10.4 Step 5 Providing Feedback ........................................................... 7-9
7.11 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM STRUCTURE ................................ 7-9
7.11.1 First Tier - Village Grievance Redress Committee ....................... 7-10
7.11.2 Second Tier - Tehsil Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) ......... 7-11
7.11.3 Third Tier of Redress - Project Management Unit (PMU) ............. 7-12
7.11.4 Step 2: Sorting and processing .................................................... 7-13
7.12 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING .................................................... 7-13
7.13 HIRING OF GBV FIRM ............................................................................. 7-13
7.14 COST OF GRM......................................................................................... 7-13
8 ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT MATRIX.............................. 8-1
8.1 PROJECT RESETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES ................................................ 8-1
8.2 COMPENSATION ENTITLEMENTS AND VALUATION METHODOLOGY .. 8-1
8.3 ENTITLEMENT MATRIX ............................................................................. 8-3
8.3.1 Procedure of Payment of Compensation ......................................... 8-8
8.3.2 Methods of Compensation to Project-Affected Persons (PAPs): ...... 8-8
8.3.3 Payment of Allowance under RAP: .................................................. 8-8
8.3.4 Unavailability of PAPs During Disbursement Process: ..................... 8-9
8.3.5 Process of Compensation by the Revenue Department .................. 8-9
9 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP) .......................................................... 9-1
9.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 9-1
9.2 THE NEED FOR A LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP).................. 9-1
9.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP) ........... 9-1
9.4 SCOPE OF THE LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN ............................... 9-1
9.5 METHODOLOGY FOR LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION ............................... 9-1
9.6 DURATION OF THE LRP............................................................................ 9-2
9.7 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION INTERVENTIONS....................................... 9-2
9.8 MONITORING AND EVALUATION ............................................................. 9-2
10 RESETTLEMENT BUDGET................................................................................. 10-1
10.1 COMPENSATION COST FOR THE AFFECTED LAND ............................ 10-1
10.2 COMPENSATION OF CROPS .................................................................. 10-1
10.3 COMPENSATION COST FOR RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES ................. 10-2
10.4 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES ................... 10-3
10.5 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMERCIAL EMPLOYEES ..................... 10-4
10.6 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURES ..................... 10-4
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10.7 COMPENSATION COST OF PUBLIC STRUCTURE ................................ 10-5
10.8 COMPENSATION COST OF TREES UNDER PROJECT IMPACT ........... 10-5
10.9 RESETTLEMENT & RELOCATION .......................................................... 10-5
10.9.1 Relocation Assistance ................................................................. 10-5
10.10 SPECIAL ALLOWANCE FOR VULNERABLE PAPS ................................. 10-5
10.11 SUMMARY OF RESETTLEMENT BUDGET ............................................. 10-6
11 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ................................................................... 11-1
11.1 INSTITUTIONAL SET UP ......................................................................... 11-1
11.2 PROJECT STEERING COMMITTEE (PSC) ............................................. 11-1
11.2.1 Terms of Reference of Component I PSC .................................... 11-1
11.3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT (PMU), NHA ......................................... 11-2
11.3.1 Terms of Reference of Project Management Unit........................ 11-2
11.3.2 Project Management Unit (PMU) at NHA Headquarters Level ..... 11-3
11.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU) ............................................... 11-3
11.4.1 Terms of Reference for PIU ......................................................... 11-3
11.4.2 Resettlement Advisory Committee ............................................... 11-4
11.4.3 Social, Environmental and Resettlement Implementation Unit (SERU),
PIU 11-5
11.4.4 Project Director ............................................................................ 11-6
11.4.5 The Resettlement Assistance Disbursement Committee.............. 11-6
11.4.6 Construction Supervision Consultants ......................................... 11-6
11.4.7 Deployment of Community Mobilizers.......................................... 11-7
11.4.8 GBV Service Provider .................................................................. 11-7
11.4.9 RAP External Monitoring Agency (EMA) ...................................... 11-8
11.4.10 The Panel of Experts (PoE) ....................................................... 11-8
12 IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP ............................................................................... 12-1
12.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 12-1
12.2 COMPENSATION AND LAND ACQUISITION ........................................... 12-1
12.3 RAP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...................................................... 12-1
13 MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...................................................................... 13-1
13.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 13-1
13.2 MONITORING OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION ............................................. 13-1
13.3 INTERNAL MONITORING ........................................................................ 13-1
13.4 EXTERNAL MONITORING ....................................................................... 13-2
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1: Length wise Type of Land and Mouza Falling in the ROW ................................. 1-3
Table 1-2: Comparison of Different Preliminary Alignment Options with Respect to IR Impacts
.......................................................................................................................................... 1-5
Table 2-1: Relevant Sections of the Land Acquisition Act 1894 and its Successive
Amendments ...................................................................................................................... 2-1
Table 2-2: Approaches to Bridge the Gap between WB OP 4.12 & LAA-1894 .................... 2-4
Table 2-3: Comparison Between KP Rules 2020 and WB OP 4.12 .................................... 2-7
Table 4-1: District wise Type of Impact ............................................................................... 4-1
Table 4-2: Summary of the Affected Land........................................................................... 4-2
Table 4-3: Mouza wise Affected AHs and Land to be acquired ........................................... 4-2
Table 4-4 : Sub-tribe and Clan wise Communal Land Ownership in Jamrud Tehsil, Khyber
District ................................................................................................................................ 4-3
Table 4-5: Summary of the Affected Trees .......................................................................... 4-4
Table 4-6: Categories of Affected Structures and Number of AHs....................................... 4-5
Table 4-7: Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Residential Structures ............................. 4-5
Table 4-8: Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Residential Structures of Khyber Area ..... 4-5
Table 4-9: Commercial Structures under Project Impact..................................................... 4-6
Table 4-10: Community and Public Structures under Project Impact .................................. 4-7
Table 4-11: Loss of Income / Livelihood.............................................................................. 4-9
Table 4--12: Income loss of Affected Employees of lost businesses ................................... 4-9
Table 4-13: Vulnerable PAPs of the Impacted Villages as Per BISP ................................. 4-10
Table 5-1: Demographic Characteristics of the Population ................................................. 5-2
Table 5-2: Main Occupations, Source of Income of the Studied Villages ............................ 5-3
Table 5-3: Educational Institutions in Studied Villages ........................................................ 5-4
Table 5-4: Availability of Institutional Facilities .................................................................... 5-5
Table 5-5: Source of Drinking Water ................................................................................... 5-5
Table 5-6: Availability of Source of Irrigation Water ............................................................. 5-6
Table 5-7: Average HH Size, Monthly Income, and Main Occupations ............................... 5-6
Table 5-8: Construction Pattern of the Houses ................................................................... 5-6
Table 5-9: Cropping Pattern and PAPs Opinion about the Project ...................................... 5-6
Table 5-10: Name of the Surveyed Villages and Numbers of Female Participants ............. 5-8
Table 6-1: Schedule of Consultation Meetings ................................................................... 6-2
Table 6-2: Summary of Consultation Meetings with Female PAPs...................................... 6-3
Table 6-3: Consultation with Stakeholders and their Participants ....................................... 6-4
Table 6-4: Questions Raised and their Responses ............................................................. 6-4
Table 7-1: Composition, Roles and Timeframe for Grievance Close Out at each Level ...... 7-9
Table 8-1: Rate of Land as per Notification of Revenue Department .................................. 8-1
Table 8-2: Compensation Entitlement Matrix ...................................................................... 8-3
Table 10-1: Estimated Cost for Land Compensation ........................................................ 10-1
Table 10-2: Compensation Cost of Affected Crops ........................................................... 10-2
Table 10-3: Estimated Cost of Residential Structures in Peshawar and Nowshera Districts 10-
2
Table 10-4: Estimated Cost of Residential Structures of Khyber District ........................... 10-3
Table 10-5: Estimated Cost of Commercial Structures ..................................................... 10-4
Table 10-6: Estimated Cost of Affected Employees .......................................................... 10-4
Table 10-7: Estimated Cost of Community Structures ...................................................... 10-4
Table 10-8: Estimated Cost of Public Structure ................................................................ 10-5
Table 10-9: Summary of the Resettlement Budget ........................................................... 10-6
Table 11-1: Component I Project Steering Committee Composition ................................. 11-1
Table 12-1: Anticipated Timeframe for Land Acquisition in the Project Area...................... 12-1
Table 12-2: Tentative Implementation Schedule of RAP ................................................... 12-2
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: Map Showing Proposed Alignment of SLR ....................................................... 1-1
Figure 3-1: Detail Measurement Survey of the Affected Structures .................................... 3-4
Figure 7-1: GRM Value Chain ............................................................................................ 7-6
Figure 7-2: GRM Flow Chart .............................................................................................. 7-7
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
LIST OF ANNEXURES
LIST OF ANNEXURES
(SEPARATE VOLUME)
Annex-I: Valuation table rates for the year 2023-2024, effective from 1st July 2023.
Annex-II: The Letters of Assistant Commissioners of Jamrud and Khyber Tehsils outlining
the land ownership status, ongoing disputes among tribes over land
possession, and associated court cases
Annex-III: A Tribal structure of sub-tribes, clans and sub-clans.
Annex-IV: Detail of the affected residential structures of Peshawar and Nowshera Districts
Annex-V: Detail of the affected residential structures of Khyber District
Annex-VI: The detailed list of the affected commercial Structures
Annex-VII: Detailed list of vulnerable PAPs.
Annex-VIII: Questionnaires used for Social Surveys and consultation
Annex-IX: Photographs of consultation process with Female stakeholders
Annex-X: Attendance sheets of female participants of the consultation
Annex-XI: The letter of minimum wage rate notified by the KP Government
Annex-XII: The detailed list of affected landowners and their compensation
Annex-XIII: Detail of affected community structures with their cost estimate
Annex-XIV: Detail of affected public structures with their cost estimate
Annex-XV: Procedure of Complaint Process and Grievance Registration Form
Annex-XVI: Detailed Terms of Reference of Community Mobilizers
Annex XVII: TORs of Resettlement Action Plan
Annex XVIII: Commissioner Peshawar’s Letter Regarding Option of Land for Land
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
BISP Benazir Income Support Programme
CAREC Central Asia Regional Economic Corridor
CAS Compulsory Acquisition Surcharge
CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor
DBO Design Build Operate
DMS Detailed Measurement Survey
DPD Deputy Project Director
EALS Environment, Afforestation, Land and Social
EMA External Monitoring Agency
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ESF Environment & Social Framework
ESIA Environmental & Social Impact Assessment
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
GBV/SEA Gender-based Violence and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse
GIR Grievance Investigation Report
GRC Grievance Redress Committee
GRF Grievance Redress Form
GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism
GRO Grievance Redress Officer
GRS Grievance Redress Service
KM Kilo meter
KMZ Keyhole Markup Language Zipped
KP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
KPEC Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Economic Corridor
LAA Land Acquisition Act 1894
LAR Land Acquisition & Resettlement
NHA National Highway Authority
NIFA Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture
OP Operational Policy
OPL Official Poverty Line
PAF Project Affected Family
PAP Project Affected Person
PD Project Director
PMU Project Management Unit
POE Panel of Experts
PSC Project Steering Committee
RAP Resettlement Action Plan
RD Reduced Distance
ROW Right of Way
RPF Resettlement Policy Framework
SDU Sustainable Development Unit
SLR Southern Link Road
WB World Bank
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
Project Affected Person Any person affected by Project-related changes in use of land,
water, natural resources, or income losses.
Project Affected Family/AH All members of a household residing under one roof and
operating as a single economic unit adversely affected by the
Project; it may consist of a single nuclear family or an
extended family group.
Compensation Payment in cash or in kind of the replacement cost of the
acquired assets.
Cut-off Date Cut-off date shall conform to the date of completion of the PAP
census survey in the specified area.
Involuntary Resettlement Any resettlement which does not involve willingness of the
persons being adversely affected but is forced through an
instrument of law.
Jirga An assembly of leaders, almost always male, that makes decisions
by consensus according to Pashtun social code of Pukhtunwali. It
is conducted to settle disputes or reach agreement on issues of
common concern among the Pashtuns.
Malik Malik is chief or leader or headman of a village or one of the
notable persons of the tribe, and almost always male.
Newly Merged District Newly Merged Districts is a term used to refer to the former
Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan, which were
merged into the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in May 2018
upon parliamentary approval of the 25th Amendment to the
Constitution of Pakistan. FATA ceased to exist after this merger
with KP.
Relocation Residence Physical relocation of a PAP from her/his pre-Project place of
residence
Replacement Cost The value needed to replace an affected asset as new. In the
case of land replacement, value corresponds to the market
value of a plot calculated based on survey of land sales in
project areas at the time of taking, free of transaction costs plus
15% compulsory acquisition surcharge (CAS). As per crops
replacement value is the market value of the crop at farm gate.
As per houses and structures, the current fair market price of
building materials plus labor and transport without depreciation
or deductions for salvaged material and transition period
allowances including livelihood and transportation costs etc.
The replacement cost of wood trees at market value while that
of productive impacted trees is the value of the yearly harvest
for the number of years needed to re-grow a tree at same
productive level.
Settled District Refers to those areas that have full integration into the provincial
administrative and legal framework. These districts are
governed directly by the provincial government and are subject
to the same laws, regulations, and administrative structures as
the rest of Pakistan. The area has a revenue record showing
ownership rights of the communities and individual landowners.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
GLOSSARY
Severe Impact The PAPs facing 20% or more loss of residential structures, land
holdings or productive assets are entitled for severe impact
allowance to offset physical displacement due to lost assets.
Vulnerable PAPs Distinct people who might face the risk of marginalization and
suffer disproportionately from resettlement affects, including
women, children, destitute persons, squatters; those with
historical or cultural usufruct rights; and landless groups.
Generally, people who are below inflation adjusted current
Official Poverty Line (OPL) or earning below the officially
declared minimum wage for the current fiscal year by the KP
Government are considered as the Vulnerable People.
LOCAL TERMS
Pacca House or structure with concrete construction and burnt bricks.
Semi-pacca House or structure constructed with burnt bricks and mud.
Kacha House constructed with un-burnt bricks and mud, or temporary
wooden poles.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.1. BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
The Southern Link Road (SLR), part of the World Bank-financed Khyber Pass Economic
Corridor (KPEC), is a 4-lane dual highway designed to improve regional connectivity between
Pakistan and Afghanistan. Spanning 42.53 km, the road links National Highways N-5 and N-
55 to the proposed PTEX corridor. The project aims to reduce congestion in Peshawar,
improve air quality, and promote regional trade. The alignment passes through Nowshera,
Peshawar, and Khyber districts.
Implemented under a Design-Build modality, bidders will propose alignment refinements
during the bidding process. Land acquisition and resettlement planning follow World Bank
safeguards. The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) prepared for the Preliminary Alignment will
be updated after finalizing the alignment.
The Project uses a Design-Build modality. A characteristic feature of this modality is that the
Request for Proposal (RFP) contains a preliminary alignment, and the bidders are invited to
submit proposals for both the design and build stages of construction. As part of the Design-
Build bidding process, bidders are requested to submit their technical and financial proposals
based on their site investigations and surveys. At this stage, bidders may recommend
refinements to the preliminary alignment of the SLR contained in the RFP. However, any such
refinements must remain within specific parameters, including a 2 km corridor. The final
alignment for the SLR has not yet been determined and may be subject to refinement once a
bidder has been selected and the final Design-Build contract is issued.
This Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for SLR has been prepared based on the Preliminary
Alignment. It will be updated by the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) after the
selection of the bidder/contractor. This process will include consultations with stakeholders on
the final alignment, in turn allowing for any outstanding or additional concerns to be heard and
discussed. It is pertinent to mention the contractor is yet to be hired, and no land acquisition
or physical works have started to date. The NHA started the bidding process in February 2024
and final bidder is expected to be selected by December 2024. The selection of the contractor
will also include the approval of the contractor’s proposed alignment. After completion of
contract award formalities, the contractor will prepare the detailed design within three months
of contract signing. After the alignment is finalized, the NHA is required to update this draft
Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and the ESIA. Both documents must then be re-disclosed
and consulted upon. NHA will submit final versions to the Bank for No Objection. The NHA will
not be able to start any land acquisition until the Bank issues its Letter of No-Objection.
The purpose of this RAP is to specify the procedures the NHA will follow and the actions it will
take to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities. It does this by (i)
identifying project-affected persons (PAPs) based on the Preliminary Alignment (ii) calculating
the extent of losses; (iii) providing the policy framework for compensation payments, income
restoration, relocation, and rehabilitation; (iv) outlining mechanisms for timely disclosure of
information to the PAPs and other stakeholders including women and other vulnerable persons
(v) stating institutional arrangement for RAP preparation, implementation, and monitoring; (vi)
providing a grievance redress mechanism and (vii) an itemized resettlement budget and an
indicative implementation schedule to ensure timely implementation of RAP provisions in
compliance with World Bank’s safeguard requirements and Government of Pakistan laws
before the commencement of civil works.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.2. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
The RAP aligns with Pakistan’s Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 and the World Bank’s OP
4.12, ensuring full replacement cost compensation for affected persons (PAPs). A Qaumi
Commission will oversee land acquisition and compensation for communal lands in Khyber
District. Additional provisions address gaps between national and World Bank policies,
ensuring fair compensation and support for vulnerable groups, including women-headed
households and marginalized communities.
To reconcile the inconsistencies between the LAA (1894) and WB OP 4.12, it is ensured that
compensation is provided with replacement costs for all direct and indirect losses so that no
one is worse off because of the project. Provision of subsidies or allowances will need to be
given to affected households (AHs) that may be relocated, suffer business losses, or may be
vulnerable or women-headed households. Project-specific resettlement issues will be
addressed to bridge the gap between existing country practice and the requirements of the
WB Involuntary Resettlement Policy.
ES.3. LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT IMPACTS
As per the current preliminary design, a total of 1,050 acres of land will be acquired and 16,978
landowners including 286 women landowners, will be impacted by the project. Moreover, 252
residential structures, 48 commercial structures, two mosques, one school, and 05 electric
poles need to be rebuilt or relocated. No graveyards will be impacted. The 252 Project Affected
Households (PAHs) in residential structures comprise 3,049 PAPs who will be physically
dislocated due to project interventions.
Out of a total of 260 PAHs of residential (252 PAHs) and business owners (8 PAHs), the census
identified 86 vulnerable PAHs as their monthly income is below the minimum wage rate. These
86 PAHs will be entitled to special assistance (vulnerability allowance) to ensure their living
standard is restored and improved, while as per WB policy, all the PAPs should be left better
off than they were prior to the resettlement. None of the residential or commercial structures
was identified as owned by women and or under the vulnerable category. However, 286
landowners are women PAPs.
Out of the 1,050 acres of impacted land, 759.07 acres is agricultural land, 272.8 acres is barren
land, 17.47 acres is residential land, 0.52 acres is commercial land, and 0.14 acres is
community-owned land. Out of this total, 275 acres will be acquired from the Khyber District,
33 acres from Nowshera District, and 742 acres from Peshawar District. The land cost
estimation rates are provided in the Revenue Department’s notifications (vide letter No.529,
dated 7th August 2023) based on the 2023-24 valuation table under section 27 A of Stamp Act
1894, effective from 1st July 2023. These will be updated when the RAP is updated after the
selection of final alignment.
Communal land in Khyber District will be compensated through Qaumi Commission-led
processes to ensure fair distribution among rightful owners.
Additionally, the precise location for the Rest Area along the Southern Link Road (SLR) has
yet to be finalized. It is expected that this location will be determined during the RAP updating
process, following the finalization of the road alignment. The Benazir Income Support
Programme (BISP) data from all 13 project-affected villages regarding vulnerable PAPs was
collected and 1,077 persons were found vulnerable; this data will be considered against the
final selected alignment to remove PAPs who are not affected by the project.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.4. METHODOLOGY FOR SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The RAP is based on a 100% census of affected families, socio-economic surveys, asset
inventories, and stakeholder consultations. Tribal dynamics and land ownership complexities
were analyzed to ensure accurate planning and implementation.
ES.5. SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT
The 13 affected villages have a combined population of 179,985, with agriculture as the
primary livelihood. Women face low literacy rates (12.5%), limited access to resources, and
health challenges. Gender-sensitive measures and livelihood restoration plans are included in
the RAP to address these issues.
ES.6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE
Consultations involved 678 men and 211 women across 13 locations to ensure culturally
sensitive engagement. Feedback emphasized minimizing resettlement impacts and ensuring
fair compensation. The RAP will be disclosed in English, and its Executive Summary will be
translated and disclosed in Urdu and Pushto, with targeted outreach for women PAPs.
ES.7. ES.7. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM)
A multi-tier GRM provides accessible channels for complaints, including a website
(https//grm.kpec.org.pk), Facebook, X (Twitter), complaint drop boxes, telephone Integrated
Voice Recording (IVR) system, and in-person. This GRM will also have provisions to receive
Gender Based Violence (GBV) related complaints for onward referral to the project gender
specialist and GBV service provider for timely response.
ES.8. ELIGIBILITY AND ENTITLEMENT MATRIX
Entitlement provisions for PAPs losing land, houses, and income losses and rehabilitation
subsidies will have been defined in the Entitlement Matrix. Full replacement cost as
compensation is the basic principle guiding the allocation of entitlements, i.e. cash
compensation for losses in terms of land, structures, livelihood, community facilities, and
services, with special provisions for the improvement of livelihoods of vulnerable displaced
persons.
Compensation entitlements cover:
• Land: Cash compensation at full replacement cost.
• Structures: Compensation for residential and commercial buildings.
• Livelihoods: Allowances for income restoration and transitional support.
• Vulnerable Groups: Special assistance and prioritized support.
ES.9. ES.9. RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
The RAP has included a detailed budget for the payment of compensation and implementation
of the various resettlement aspects for the project, including land acquisition, loss of property
and infrastructure, loss of trees and costs of relocation and all admissible allowances. The
resettlement budget and financing will also cover funds for M&E, GRM and contingencies. The
total estimated resettlement budget is PKR …………………. million.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.10. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
The implementation of the compensation/ rehabilitation program described in this RAP
involves distinct processes and different agencies. These include PMU NHA as the Executing
Agency and the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) in the project area. The list of various actors
and agencies involved in the implementation of RAP includes:
• Project Management Unit (PMU) at NHA Headquarter
• Project Implementation Unit (PIU), Peshawar
• Resettlement Advisory Committee
• Social, Environment and Resettlement Implementation Unit (SERU) under PIU
• Resettlement Assistance Disbursement Committee
• GBV Service Provider (Firm), as Consultant to NHA
• Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC), as Consultant to NHA
• External Monitoring Agent (EMA) for RAP, as Consultant to NHA
The numbers and designation details of personnel proposed for each of these entities are
provided in the Institutional Arrangements chapter.
ES.11. IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
The commencement of civil work will be subject to the satisfactory payment of compensation
of land and allowances to all eligible PAPs. The RAP implementation will be verified by an
independent External Monitoring Agent (EMA). The WB considers RAP implementation to start
after the approval of the final/implementation-ready RAP. All activities before the final RAP
approval are considered as part of preparation.
NHA is expected to start RAP implementation in April 2025 and to complete payments of
entitlements by August 2025. This Implementation Schedule is a working document that will
be updated by the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) based on circumstances and progress
on the ground.
ES.12. MONITORING AND EVALUATION
The overall objective of the RAP is to ensure that the PAPs restore and preferably improve
upon their pre-project living standards. The monitoring mechanisms in place will be:
• Internal monitoring of process and output indicators
• External monitoring by an independent monitoring agency or an independent
consultant to check the extent to which resettlement and rehabilitation objectives have
been met.
All information concerning resettlement issues related to land acquisition, socioeconomic
information of the acquired land and affected structures, inventory of losses by individual PAP,
compensation, entitlements, and finally payments and relocation will be collected and
computerized. In addition to the routine monitoring reports explained above, PIU will also
submit project completion reports to the World Bank when compensation has been paid and
RAP implementation is completed. Besides, in cases where required and agreed upon
between NHA and World Bank during execution of the project, the PIU will prepare
supplementary monitoring reports and share these with the World Bank.
All monitoring reports will be disclosed on the World Bank and NHA websites as and when
cleared by the World Bank.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
1 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND
The Government of Pakistan has identified logistical barriers to trade as a key constraint
on competitiveness for economic growth and has formulated a comprehensive program
aimed at reducing travel costs through restoration of transport links and infrastructural
development within the country and its borders. Pakistan trade with neighboring countries is
expected to rise in future and shall be imperative to develop an efficient fast economic corridor
to facilitate the trade and is expected to become a vital link to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
Geographically, Pakistan is situated at an ideal strategic place, which can play a vital role in
regional cooperation, linking landlocked Afghanistan, Central Asia, and South Asia more
closely together. Pakistan and Afghanistan have a long history of being trade partners.
Pakistan provides a shortest route to ports for Afghanistan and Central Asia. Pakistan
represents Afghan main access to a seaport for his foreign trade. Afghanistan at the same
time has the potential to become a land locked country providing Pakistan with direct routes
to the central Asia.
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed Project “Peshawar Southern Link Road (SLR)” will connect the Indus Highway
N-55 and N-5 with the start point of the proposed Peshawar-Torkham Expressway under the
KPEC Project. Its total length is 42.53 km with three interchanges proposed at Bara Road, N-
55, and N-5. The proposed SLR will be a 4-lane link road dual highway facility. Figure 1-1
shows the alignment of the proposed SLR Project.
Figure 1-1: Map Showing Proposed Alignment of SLR
The project is funded by the World Bank and is part of a Component-I of the project as
described below:
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PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
Component I: (i) Expressway development through design and construction of the Peshawar-
Torkham Motorway Section (including laying of fiber optic cables and afforestation), (ii) Design
and Construction of the access-controlled Southern Link Road connecting M-l, N-5, and N-55.
The alignment passes through three districts namely, Nowshera, Peshawar, and Khyber.
The design elements (Key Technical Features) of Southern Link Road (SLR) as per the
employer's requirements:
1. Design Speed: The design speed ranges from 100 to 120 km/h.
2. Number of Lanes: The road comprises 4 lanes, with 2 lanes on each side.
3. Lane Width: Each lane is 3.65 meters wide.
4. Outer Shoulder: The outer shoulder includes 3 meters plus a 0.5-meter rounding.
5. Inner Shoulder: The inner shoulder width is 1 meter.
6. Right of Way (ROW): The right of way spans 100 meters.
7. Interchanges: The design includes 5 interchanges.
8. Prestressed Bridges: A total of 12 prestressed bridges are included.
9. Flyovers: There are 4 flyovers in the design.
10. Box Culverts (1 Cell): 204 single-cell box culverts are planned.
11. Box Culverts (2 Cell): The design includes 11 two-cell box culverts.
12. Box Culverts (3 Cell): 6 three-cell box culverts are included.
13. Box Culverts (4 Cell): There are no four-cell box culverts in the design.
14. Box Culverts (5 Cell): There are no five-cell box culverts in the design.
15. Subways: The project includes 37 subways.
16. Underpasses: There are no underpasses in the design.
17. Cattle Creeps: No cattle creeps are planned.
18. Mainline Toll Plaza: A 12-bay toll plaza (6 in each direction) is included.
19. Entry and Exit Toll Plazas: 3 entry and exit toll plazas are planned at interchanges.
20. Service Areas: A single service area is planned, with one facility on each side of the
expressway.
The total length of the SLR is 42.53 km with the Right-of-Way (ROW) of 100 meters (328 ft.)
for the proposed road. The construction will be carried out through the “Design Build Operate
(DBO)”1 modality. As per the DBO, the contractor will finalize the design and alignment, and
the Construction Supervision Consultant will then update the RAP of the SLR accordingly
before the start of construction. The RAP will be updated based on revenue records; land
acquisition will be done in sequence with payment of compensation which will in turn follow
the construction schedule. This will ensure that compensation is paid before the start of civil
work on a particular section of the SLR. The NHA is undertaking the implementation of the
KPEC (SLR & PTEX) for the first time through a DBO contractor.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objectives of the project are to (i) enhance the efficiency of the road network (ii) increase
access of the rural and urban populations in KP to various social services and markets
leading to improved livelihoods and poverty reduction, and (iii) improve the sub-regional trade
and cooperation by facilitating road transport to Afghanistan and Central Asian Republics
1
In a design-build contract, the project’s alignment (e.g., the precise route of a road or corridor) is often not fully determined until
the contractor is selected. The contractor is tasked with optimizing the design to improve efficiency, cost, and technical feasibility.
This means that the final alignment, and therefore the specific areas and households that will be impacted, can change from the
preliminary design. Updating the RAP based on the finalized alignment ensures accurate identification of affected households,
fair compensation, and legal compliance. This approach avoids reliance on preliminary data and ensures that all PAPs are
included in the resettlement and compensation process.
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PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
(CARs). The construction of t h e Expressway will help in overall socio-economic
development in the KP, particularly the newly settled Khyber District.
1.4 SLR ALIGNMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LAND USE
From the starting point of SLR, the first 09.19 km of the SLR passes through Mouza Sathi
Khel/ Shah Kass (Khyber district) up to Bara River which included barren land, hills, rocks, and
bed of a seasonal stream (nullah). From 09.19 km to 42.53 km (tail) up to M1 is a very fertile
land with all types of crops, orchards, and vegetables. This area has a canal irrigation system.
Overall, the SLR project passed through three districts and 13 Mouza. The land type and land
use of SLR Project of 13 mouza is provided in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1: Length wise Type of Land and Mouza Falling in the ROW
Quantity of
Chainage No. of
Land Use Land Mouza/ Location District
(km) Mouza
(acres)
0+00 to Barren 275 Sathi Khel/Shah Kass, Nogazi 2 Khyber
11.0 land, hilly,
rocks and
bed of
nullahs
11.0 to Agricultural 742 Sangu, Mushterzai, Garhi Mali 10 Peshawar
41.19 land Khel, Behlolzai, Masho Gagar,
Hurizai, Maryamabad, Surizai
Payan, Mera Kachori, Tarnab.
41.19 to Agriculture 33 Jabba 01 Nowshera
42.53 land
Total 1050 13
1.4.1 Objectives and Scope of RAP
The overall objective of the RAP is to provide necessary details for compensation,
resettlement and rehabilitation by identifying (i) the extent of losses; (ii) compliance with the
policy framework for compensation payments, income restoration, relocation and
rehabilitation; (iii) mechanisms for timely disclosure of information to the PAPs and other
stakeholders including women (iv) institutional arrangement for RAP preparation,
implementation and monitoring; (v) grievance redress mechanism and (vi) itemized
resettlement budget and an indicative implementation schedule to ensure timely
implementation of RAP provisions in compliance with World Bank’s safeguard requirements and
before the commencement of civil works.
Following the terms of reference, this section describes the scope of the preparation of
RAP for the SLR Project, which will include the following aspects:
i. Identification of the key social impacts using various assessment tools including the
Census Survey and Socio-economic Survey.
ii. Enumeration of different categories of PAPs eligible for assistance, compensation,
rehabilitation, or relocation.
iii. Definition of the eligibility criteria for compensation and entitlement package of
compensation and rehabilitation measures for each category of PAPs.
iv. Accurate estimation of the number of people who will receive compensation and
allowances.
v. Establishment of an effective gender-responsive Grievance Redress Mechanism
(GRM), and preparation of an outreach program for the PAPs on how the mechanism will
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PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
work and ensure it is accessible to PAPs including, vulnerable groups, the elderly, and
women.
vi. Documentation of detailed gender disaggregated record of grievance handling and
complaints resolution.
vii. Development of a system for community consultations and information disclosure to
ensure PAPs are aware of the project impacts, eligibility, entitlements, compensation
and allowances, schedule of compensation disbursement, complaints and grievance
redress procedure, and all relevant project-related information.
viii. Documentation of the PAP's concerns and offers viable remedial measures to address
those concerns.
ix. Institutional arrangements and/or an execution mechanism that provides for the
implementation of applicable local laws and regulations dealing with expropriation,
right to property, and the management of resettlement activities on time;
x. Allocation of clear roles and responsibilities for the execution of all elements of the
RAP, and provisions for proper coordination with other project components.
xi. Involuntary Resettlement (IR) budget estimation to cover RAP implementation costs
including costs of entitlement package of compensation and rehabilitation measures for
each category of PAPs.
xii. Provide a RAP implementation schedule synchronized with the project implementation/
construction activities with clearly assigned roles and responsibilities; and
xiii. Development of the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the project.
The design-build contract nature of the project means that the final alignment of the Khyber
Pass Economic Corridor (KPEC) will only be determined after the Contractor is selected. As a
result, this Preliminary RAP has been prepared on the Preliminary Alignment, which the
Contractor can amend within a 2km corridor. The current absence of finalized alignment
prevents the final identification of affected households (AHs). Once the alignment is finalized,
the RAP will be updated by the Construction Supervision Consultant to accurately reflect the
specific households impacted.
1.5 EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE THE INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT IMPACTS
During September-October 2022, the RAP Consultant RHC’s environmental and social
safeguards team worked on a first alignment option. The ROW was visited from start to end
point with the help of preliminary design and coordinates. The social and environmental teams
noted the impacts on land, residential and commercial structures (shops/hotel), nurseries,
poultry farms, community structures like mosques and public structures, i.e., electricity poles,
irrigation channels, roads, nullah and gas pipelines. Overall, this alignment impacted 1085
acres of land, 506 residential structures, 71 commercial structures, 10 mosques, five
graveyards, two schools and one petrol pump (First Option-Alignment).
In an effort to minimize these IR impacts, a new alignment was studied during the month of
May 2023. This second option would result in impacting 1070 acres, 238 residential structures,
49 commercial structures, two mosques, 10 graveyards and two schools (Second Option-
Alignment).
In response to community requests to further reduce impacts and especially avoid impact on
graveyards, the alignment was further rationalized in the month of August 2023. This alignment
impacted 1050 acres land, 252 residential structures, 48 commercial structures, two mosques,
and one school (Third Option-Alignment).
A brief comparison of impacts of different preliminary alignment options with respect to IR
impacts is provided in the following Table 1-2.
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PROJECT BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION
Table 1-2: Comparison of Different Preliminary Alignment Options with Respect to IR Impacts
First Option- Second Option- Proposed Option-
Sr. No. Affected Asset
Alignment Alignment Alignment
01 Land 1,085 1,070 1,050
02 Residential Structures 506 238 252
03 Commercial Structures 71 49 48
04 Mosques 10 02 02
05 Graveyards 05 10 00
06 School 02 02 01
07 Petrol Pump 01 00 00
Based on the above analysis of IR impacts, the third option alignment has been selected as
the Preliminary Alignment.
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LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
2 LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
2.1 LEGAL AND POLICY BACKGROUND
The compensation and rehabilitation program detailed in this RAP has been based on the
requirements of the Government of Pakistan legislation and of the World Bank Policy on
Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). This section details the legal background, compares
Pakistani Law and World Bank policies, and indicates differences and ways to reconcile them.
2.1.1 The Land Acquisition Act (LAA), 1894
The Pakistan law governing land acquisition for public purposes is the LAA of 1894 and its
successive amendments. LAA implementation rests on the provincial governments and more
specifically on the Provincial Board of Revenue and on the action of the District Collectors. After
the merging of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) into KP province in May 2018, the LAA
of 1894 is also applicable to land acquisition in the Khyber district, which was part of the former FATA.
2.1.2 Legal Framework
In the absence of a specific resettlement policy, the Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 is the
de facto legal instrument governing resettlement and compensation to PAPs. The LAA
establishes the right to acquire land for public purposes and specifies a systematic approach
for acquisition and compensation of land and assets for development projects. It covers
notifications, surveys, acquisition, compensation and apportionment awards, along with
disputes resolution, penalties and exemptions. Surveys for land acquisition are to be disclosed
to the displaced persons. Most notably, only legal owners and tenants registered with the
Revenue Department or with formal lease agreements are eligible for compensation or
livelihood support under the LAA. No laws exist in Pakistan either at federal or at provincial
level that consider non-titleholders for compensation, thereby excluding the poor, vulnerable
groups, and the severely affected, such as tenants, informal settlers and occupants. The LAA
does not provide for rehabilitation of losses in income or livelihood nor for resettlement costs.
The LAA and its implementation rules require that, following an impact identification and
valuation exercise, land and crops are compensated in cash at the current market rate to titled
landowners. The LAA mandates that land valuation is to be based on the last 3 to 5 years
average of registered land sale rates. However, in several recent cases the median rate over
the past 1 year, or even the current rates, have been applied with an added 15% Compulsory
Acquisition Surcharge in accordance with the law.2
The LAA is the most used law for the acquisition of land and other properties for development
projects. It comprises 55 sections about area notifications and surveys, acquisition,
compensation and apportionment awards and dispute resolution, penalties, and exemptions.
A few relevant sections from the Land Acquisition Act 1894 are summarized below in Table
2-1.
Table 2-1: Relevant Sections of the Land Acquisition Act 1894 and its Successive Amendments
Sections of Act Salient Features of the Sections
Section 4 Publication of preliminary notification and power for conducting survey.
Section 5 Formal notification of land needed for a public purpose.
Section 5a Section 5a allows the hearing of objections.
2
Resettlement Policy Framework, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Irrigated Agriculture Improvement Project (KPIAIP), Government of
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
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LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
Sections of Act Salient Features of the Sections
Section 6 The Government makes a formal declaration of intent to acquire land.
Section 7 The Land Commissioner shall direct the Land Acquisition Collector (LAC) to
take order for the acquisition of the land.
Section 8 The LAC directs the land to be marked out and measured
Section 9 The LAC gives notice to all PAPs/DPs that the Government intends to take
possession of the land and if they have any claims for compensation then
these claims are to be made to them at an appointed time.
Section 10 Delegates power to the LAC to record statements of the PAPs in the area land
to be acquired or any part thereof as co-proprietor, sub-proprietor, mortgage,
and tenant or otherwise.
Section 11 Enables the Collector to make enquiries into the measurements, value and
claim and then to issue the final “award”. The award includes the land’s marked
area and the valuation of compensation.
Section 16 When the LAC has made an award under Section 11, he will then take
possession and the land shall thereupon vest in the Government, free from all
encumbrances. While as per WB IR 4.12 policy, no land possession can be
done until payment is made to the DP.
Section 18 In case of dissatisfaction with the award, PAPs may request the LAC to refer
the case to the court for a decision. This does not affect the Government taking
possession of land.
Section 23 The Collector announces the award of compensation for the owners after
necessary enquiries and compensation for acquired land is determined at its
market value plus 15% in consideration of compulsory nature of the acquisition
for public purposes.
Section 24 The factors not considered by the Court during compensation determination
include: the urgency prompting acquisition; the owner's reluctance to sell;
damage not actionable if caused privately; potential post-acquisition land
damage; future land value increase due to planned use; rise in neighboring
land value due to acquisition use; unauthorized land improvements post-
acquisition notification; and value increase from prohibited or against-policy
land use.
Section 31 (3) Section 31 (3) provides that the LAC can, instead of awarding cash
compensation in respect of any land, make any arrangement with a person
having an interest in such land, including the grant of other lands in exchange.
Section 48 If within a period of one year from the date of publication of declaration under
section 6 in respect of any land, the Collector has not made an award under
section 11 in respect to such land, the owner of the land shall, unless he has
been to a material extent responsible for the delay be entitled to receive
compensation for the damage suffered by him in consequence of the delay.
2.1.3 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition (Amendment) Act 2020
Before the merger, the Khyber District was part of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas
(FATA), enjoying special constitutional protection to preserve its customary and political
institutions. This special status exempted FATA from many national laws, including the Land
Acquisition Act of 1894, which was substituted by the Frontier Crimes Regulation (FCR) of
1901. The FCR governed land acquisition processes, emphasizing consultation and
agreement between the Political Agent and tribal representatives.
After integration into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in May 2018, the Khyber district fell
under provincial governance, subject to the legal framework of KP, including the Land
Acquisition Act of 1894. On February 24, 2020, the Provincial Assembly enacted the KP Land
Acquisition (Amendment) Act, 2020 which added a new section 11-C to the LAA 1894.
The Section 11-C recognizes communally and tribally owned land and puts in place
procedures for land acquisition and compensation for the newly merged districts where land
settlement has not been done by the government and therefore land records are not available.
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LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
The Amendment states that “notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or any other law
for the time being in force, in the Merged Districts as defined in paragraph (c) of Article 246 of
the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, where no record of rights exists, the land
acquisition and subsequent determination of price shall be made, on the bases of prevailing
local customs, traditions and usages regarding determination of ownership of land its sale or
purchase, including but not limited to Qaumi commission of elders of the locality, nikat or
equality in benefit sharing where the ownership is undisputed, in the manner as may be
prescribed.”
2.1.4 The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition Rules 2020
The Amendment and subsequent Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition Rules (2020) are in
use for land acquisition by the government in the Newly Merged Districts. The Rules 2020
based on the LAA 1894 govern land acquisition in KP province covering compulsory
acquisition by the government, acquisition through private negotiations, and acquisition by
companies. Part IV of the Rules covers land acquisition in Merged Areas subject to the
identification of land by the Collector and availability of sufficient funds for acquisition by the
Acquiring Department.
Section 20 of the Rules allows the Land Revenue Collector to notify a Qaumi Commission of
elders of up to twenty members from amongst the notable of the area from where the land is
proposed to be acquired. A Quami Commission facilitates the Acquiring Agency in the land
acquisition process in matters such as determination of ownership of the land, assessment of
price and compensation, dispute resolution as to the ownership or share of any person in the
land, acting on behalf of owners (if a power of attorney is provided) in transferring the land in
favor of the Acquiring Agency.
Upon the issuance of a land award, the members of the Qaumi Commission receive an
honorarium in accordance with a percentage of the award prescribed in the Rules. The Rules
also require publishing of the list of owners in a local daily paper in the public interest, and for
the Collector to receive objections on the same within 15 days of publication. The
disbursement of the compensation amount among the owners of land according to their
respective shares is the responsibility of the Collector.
The 2020 Act and Rules streamlines land acquisition procedures while respecting tribal
customs and ensuring transparent compensation practices.
2.1.5 World Bank Involuntary Resettlement Policy (OP 4.12)
World Bank’s experience indicates that involuntary resettlement under development projects,
if unmitigated, may give rise to severe economic, social, and environmental impacts: common
types of impacts may include the dismantling of production systems; impoverishment when
productive assets or income sources are lost; people are relocated to environments where
their productive skills may be less applicable and the competition for resources greater;
community institutions and social networks are weakened; kin groups are dispersed; and
cultural identity, traditional authority, and the potential for mutual help are diminished or lost.
OP 4.12 includes safeguards to address and mitigate these impoverishment risks.
Scope and Triggers: The involuntary resettlement safeguards cover physical displacement
(relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of
land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i)
involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or access to legally
designated parks and protected areas.
The overall objectives of the policy are given below:
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1) Involuntary resettlement should be avoided where feasible, or minimized, by exploring
all viable alternative project designs;
2) Resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development
programs, where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement.
3) Providing sufficient investment resources to enable the persons displaced by the
project to share in project benefits. Displaced persons should be meaningfully
consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing
resettlement programs; and
4) Displaced persons should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and
standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to pre‐displacement levels
or to levels prevailing before the beginning of project implementation, whichever is
higher.
5) The WB IR policy 4.12 emphasizes, no land possession under section 16 of LAA 1894
until land payment is made to the DP.
The key Principles of the World Bank Involuntary Resettlement Policy are:
1) The need to screen the project early in the planning stage;
2) Carry out meaningful consultation;
3) At the minimum restore livelihood levels to what they were before the project, improve
the livelihoods of affected vulnerable groups;
4) Prompt compensation at full replacement cost is to be paid;
5) Provide displaced people with adequate assistance;
6) Ensure that displaced people who have no statutory rights to the land that they are
working are eligible for resettlement assistance and compensation for the loss of no
land assets; and
7) Disclose all reports.
2.1.6 Comparison of LAA - 1894 and WB OP 4.12
The comparison of the LAA (1894) and the World Bank Involuntary Resettlement Policy
principles specifically related to land acquisition and resettlement is given in Table 2-2. The
objective of this exercise is to identify if and where the two frameworks conform to each other
and more importantly, where there are differences and gaps.
Table 2-2: Approaches to Bridge the Gap between WB OP 4.12 & LAA-1894
Sr. WB Involuntary Resettlement Pakistan Land Acquisition Approaches to
No. Policy Principles OP- 4.12 Act 1894 Address the Gaps
1 Screen the project early on to identify No equivalent Screened and
past, present, and future Involuntary Requirements categorized. Scope
resettlement impacts and risks. defined, social
Determine the scope of resettlement assessment and
planning through a survey and/or gender analysis
census of affected persons, including undertaken.
a gender analysis, specifically related
to resettlement impacts and risks.
2 Carry out meaningful consultations No specific requirement. Complaints and
with affected persons, host grievances are
communities, and concerned non- The decisions regarding resolved informally
government organizations. land acquisition and the through project
Inform all displaced persons of their rate/amount of specific grievance
entitlements and resettlement compensation to be paid are redress
options. Ensure their participation in published in the official mechanisms.
planning, implementation, and gazette which is notified in
monitoring & evaluation of accessible places so that the
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Sr. WB Involuntary Resettlement Pakistan Land Acquisition Approaches to
No. Policy Principles OP- 4.12 Act 1894 Address the Gaps
resettlement programs. Pay particular people affected are Consultations
attention to the needs of vulnerable informed. conducted, the
groups, especially those below the vulnerable groups
poverty line, the landless, the elderly, Established under LAA identified and
women, children, and Indigenous through the formal land supported as
Peoples, and those without legal title acquisition process at a relevant.
to land, and ensure their participation point in time or through
in consultations. Establish a appeals to the court. Land
grievance redress mechanism to Acquisition Collector (LAC)
receive and facilitate resolution of the is the pre-land award
affected persons’ concerns. authority to marks.
Support the social and cultural
institutions of affected persons and
their host population. Where
involuntary resettlement impacts and
risks are highly complex and
sensitive, compensation and
resettlement decisions should be
preceded by a social preparation
phase.
3 Improve, or at least restore, the No equivalent Livelihoods
livelihoods of all affected persons. Requirements restoration is
through (i) land based resettlement required, and
strategies when affected livelihoods allowances are
are land based where possible or provided.
cash compensation at replacement
value for land when the loss of land
does not undermine livelihoods, (ii)
prompt replacement of assets with
access to assets of equal or higher
value, (iii) prompt compensation at
full replacement cost for assets that
cannot be restored, and (iv) additional
revenues and services through
benefit sharing schemes where
possible.
4 Improve the standards of living of the No additional support to Vulnerable HHs
affected poor and other vulnerable vulnerable identified and
groups, including Women, to at least Households support provided
national minimum standards.
5 Develop procedures in a transparent, Equivalent, negotiation Procedures put in
consistent, and equitable manner if responds to PAPs requested place.
land acquisition is through negotiated price
settlement to ensure that those
people who enter negotiated
settlements will maintain the same or
better income and livelihood status.
6 Ensure that displaced persons Land compensation only for Non-title holders are
without titles to land or any titled landowners or holders provided with
recognizable legal rights to land are of customary rights. resettlement and
eligible for resettlement assistance rehabilitation
and compensation for loss of non- support. Provide
land assets. compensation for
non‐land assets.
7 Prepare a resettlement plan No resettlement Plan is Plans prepared and
elaborating on displaced persons’ Prepared Disclosed
entitlements, the income and
livelihood restoration strategy,
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Sr. WB Involuntary Resettlement Pakistan Land Acquisition Approaches to
No. Policy Principles OP- 4.12 Act 1894 Address the Gaps
institutional arrangements,
monitoring and reporting framework,
budget, and time bound
implementation schedule.
8 Conceive and execute involuntary No equivalent requirement Addressed as
resettlement as part of a development relevant.
project or program. Include the full
costs of resettlement in the
presentation of project’s costs and
benefits. For a project with significant
involuntary resettlement impacts,
consider implementing the
involuntary resettlement component
of the project as a standalone
operation.
9 Pay compensation and provide other No equivalent Compensation
resettlement entitlements before Requirement Payments paid
physical or economic displacement. before damages
occur. And before
possession of land
10 Monitor and assess resettlement Monitoring reports not Monitoring reports
outcomes, their impacts on the Required prepared and
standards of living of affected disclosed
persons, and whether the objectives
of the resettlement plan have been
achieved by considering the baseline
conditions and the results of
resettlement monitoring. Disclose
monitoring reports.
2.2 BRIDGING THE GAPS BETWEEN THE LAA AND WB POLICY
Project-specific resettlement issues have been addressed to assist non-titled persons and
bridge the gap between existing practice and the guidelines of the WB Involuntary
Resettlement Policy OP 4.12 as given below in Table 2-3. To reconcile the inconsistencies
between the LAA (1894) and WB OP 4.12, it is ensured that compensation is provided at
replacement cost for all direct and indirect losses so that no one is worse off because of the
project. Provision of subsidies or allowances will need to be given to affected households that
may be relocated, suffer business losses, or may be vulnerable.
2.3 APPLICABILITY OF WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES
The World Bank Policy covers both direct economic and social impacts that are caused by
involuntary taking of land, resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) loss of assets or
access to assets; or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihoods, whether or not the
PAPs must move to another location; or (iv) the involuntary restriction of access to legally
designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the
project affected persons (PAPs).
Displaced persons that are eligible for compensation and resettlement assistance will include
not only the PAPs with legal rights under the law but all those without formal legal rights to
own or use land and other assets or natural resources such as people with customary rights.
The policy also requires that compensation and resettlement assistance should be paid,
before the displacement, or before the impact occurs.
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2.3.1 Remedial Measures to Bridge the Gap
To establish a land acquisition and resettlement policy framework for the project, which
reconciles LAA 1894 and World Bank’s OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement, and addresses the
gaps between the two systems and harmonize the discrepancies, it is imperative to guarantee
that compensation is disbursed at replacement cost for both direct and indirect losses,
ensuring that no individual or household is disadvantaged due to the project. Furthermore,
subsidies or allowances must be provided to support affected households facing relocation,
business disruptions, or vulnerability.
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Land Acquisition Rules 2020 viz a vis World Bank Policy is being
provided in the following Table 2-3 for comparison and gap analysis. The contents of key LAR
features are significantly different from the LAA 1894 and WB OP 4.12.
Table 2-3: Comparison Between KP Rules 2020 and WB OP 4.12
Key LAR Measures Proposed to
KP Rules 2020 World Bank, OP 4.12
Features Bridge the Gaps
Involuntary Governed through Eminent domain is Compensation of the lost
LAR negotiated settlement recognized while negotiated assets through negotiation
based on consensus land acquisition is will guarantee the
rates. encouraged subject to social maintenance of the pre-
safeguards provisions. project living standards of
the PAPs
LAR Planning No requirement of Preparation of draft and final LAR Planning and
RAP RAP preparation of the RAP
Loss of means Not specified Adverse impacts on PAPs Alternatives were explored
of livelihood is would be avoided or to minimize social impacts
to be avoided minimized to the possible to the extent possible.
or minimized. extent.
Assessment of No requirement Census, socio-economic A comprehensive
social impacts survey, detailed assessment of social
measurement survey and impacts was carried out to
valuation of lost assets to be detail the project impacts.
conducted.
Consultation The consultation Meaningful consultation, Key stakeholders and
information about land acquisition timely disclosure of relevant PAPs were consulted
and and compensation information and participation during the planning and
participation of rates is carried out in LAR planning. design of the project.
PAPs with the Qaumi
Commission
Replacement of Compensation of lost Prompt and effective Full replacement cost
lost assets assets through compensation at full includes fair market value
consensus-based replacement cost for losses or as per negotiation rate
negotiation with of assets attributable directly with Jirga.
Qaumi Commission to the project
Rehabilitation Not covered under OP 4.12 distinguishes Income restoration and
and Income the Rules. between compensation for rehabilitation measures
Restoration expropriated assets and are proposed in the RAP to
rehabilitation measures to restore standard of living
restore, incomes or at pre-project stage.
standards of living
Disclosure of No RAP Disclosure of draft & final Disclosure is proposed in
RAP Requirement as such. RAP to PAPs and on World the RAP at planning,
Bank Website design and
implementation.
Grievance All disputes including Establish GRM scaled to A three-tier project specific
redress land are risks and impacts of GRM is
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Key LAR Measures Proposed to
KP Rules 2020 World Bank, OP 4.12
Features Bridge the Gaps
Cut-off date There is no specific Eligibility for entitlements The Cut-off date was
requirement; under World Bank’s IR established of the last day
however, with requirements is limited by a of the Census Survey.
initiation of cut-off date, determined at
consultation with the time of social impacts
affected properties assessment.
owners and
communities are
listed for eligibility
purposes.
Eligible PAPs All PAPs occupying All physically and Eligibility of entitlement for
land on or before economically displaced PAPs is discussed and
project are eligible to persons, including titled and established in detail and
the extent of usufruct non-titled are eligible for included the RAP.
right as per local compensation as specified in
customs. the Entitlement Matrix.
Compensation The valuation of Replacement of structures or Cash compensation at the
of structures structures is based on cash replacement value is
consensus rates compensation at computed and included in
negotiated through replacement value, salvage the resettlement budget.
the Qaumi material allowed without
Commission. deduction for all PAPs, titled
and non-titled.
Community and Damage done to land Restoration/provision of civic Restoration or
public and structures is to be infrastructure and compensation as per pre-
resources paid for rehabilitation. community services. project level.
Income Only compensation Enhance, or at least restore, Measures for livelihood
restoration and for lost assets with no PAPs’ livelihoods including restoration are included in
livelihood resettlement credit, training and the RAP.
support allowances and/or employment assistance;
any income project development
restoration support. benefits.
Relocation No provision Secure tenure, better Relocation, transition, or
assistance housing, transitional rehabilitation allowances
support, infrastructure and are provided as
services. contributing to
replacement cost.
Notification of The Act protects the No physical or economic LAR conditionalities were
displacement property rights and displacement before proposed for RoW
requires compensation has been clearance prior to
compensation before paid, other entitlements have displacement.
depriving the affected been provided and income
person of his assets and livelihood
Vulnerable There is no World Bank Policy Vulnerability allowances
People/ groups acknowledgement of guidelines require providing and employment
compensation to special attention to opportunities were
vulnerable groups vulnerable people and proposed for widowed,
groups. disabled and poor families
below poverty line.
Monitoring and No requirement under Monitoring and assessment Both internal and external
evaluation the Act. of IR outcomes; disclosure of monitoring and post-
monitoring reports. project evaluation is
proposed in the RAP
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3 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY FOR SOCIAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
3.1 OVERVIEW
Resettlement planning is necessary whenever displacement or relocation occurs as part of
project activities. During the planning of the resettlement tasks, the methodology used for the
RAP preparation includes collection and review of relevant documents including policy and
previous study documents, use of satellite imagery and Google Earth, onsite social
investigation, consultation with stakeholders, and undertaking the social impact assessment
and analysis. Mitigation measures are put in place to address negative impacts, and
compensatory plans are designed but still the project has adverse negative impacts on land and
structures.
This RAP has been prepared based on a 100 percent census of affected families, an inventory
of losses in terms of land, structures, trees, and other assets, and consultations with PAPs in
groups & individual, and other stakeholders. For social impact assessment and RAP
preparation, the key considerations of the approach adopted for the study are briefly described
as follows. The different types of questionnaires covering all project impacts, surveys, and
consultations are provided in Annexure VIII.
3.2 DATA COLLECTION SOURCES AND SURVEY TOOLS
3.2.1 Data from Primary Resources
3.2.1.1 Field Surveys
The preparation of this RAP has involved intense fieldwork in the project corridor of impact
(COI), and survey activities including the execution of: (i) Impact assessment/ PAP census
survey, (ii) Socio-economic survey, and (iii) Ethnographic research and anecdotal records for
establishing tribal Genealogical Charts (iv) Valuation survey covering all affected assets; and
(v) Gender survey. To conduct gender and social impact assessment, a range of survey tools
and data-gathering techniques were used in the field are summarized below.
i. Household surveys – individual affected household interviews including their socio-
economic condition have been conducted;
ii. Census survey – A complete census/ enumeration of assets has been done for 100% of
the PAPs;
iii. Asset inventory - site visits were conducted by traveling along the proposed alignment to
physically measure the size of affected structures with the type of construction, pacca,
semi- pacca, and kacha for the preparation of the asset inventory;
iv. Physical land identification within ROW was conducted with the help of Revenue
Patwari to prepare revenue records;
v. Consultations and scoping sessions were conducted with PAPs losing residential
structures and commercial structures;
vi. Consultations with key stakeholders including NHA staff, Project representatives, the
Buildings Department and the Revenue Department;
vii. Consultations with residents in the project area along the route alignment; and
viii. Gender assessment survey along the proposed alignment.
The social impact assessment process has involved community participation as discussed
below.
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3.2.1.2 Group Consultations with PAPs
To ensure community participation, the RAP included the results of consultations carried out in
a timely and socio-culturally appropriate manner with representative cross-sections of the
project-affected communities. Consultations were initiated in the inception and planning phase and
will be continued throughout the execution, monitoring, and evaluation of the Project. Care was
taken to identify the most vulnerable subgroups and to ensure that their interests were
adequately represented in this process. Community consultations were carried out by the
Consultant after prior intimation to the communities. In the project area, consultation was
carried out along the entire alignment of the road. The detailed outcome of the consultation
process is provided in the consultation section of the RAP.
3.2.1.3 Individual PAP Consultation
During the census inventory survey, all individual PAPs along the proposed SLR route were
accounted for, who are losing their residential structures, along with PAPs facing the loss of
commercial structures. Regarding land-affected PAPs, individuals from various mouzas along
the proposed alignment were contacted. They were briefed about the project and its impacts,
and a detailed measurement study (DMS) was conducted using a structured questionnaire to
gather socio-economic data.
This data collection covered various questions such as family size and composition, land
holding, monthly income (this helps to identify vulnerable PAPs), residential set-up/ pattern,
availability of social facilities, educational attainment, primary source of income, major
occupation, household expenditures, involvement in social organization, residential area
dimensions including the number of rooms, affected area, drinking water sources and quality,
perceptions of project impacts, compensation as per WB policies, PAP sentiments regarding
the proposed project, as well as any additional remarks and suggestions provided by the
respondents.
3.2.1.4 Data Collection for Village Profile
During the census survey and DMS of affected structures, along with individual interviews,
comprehensive village profile data were collected from affected mouzas. This aggregate
dataset covered various parameters, including the total number of households, population
distribution by gender, housing construction types, households, tribe groups and the dominant
tribes in each mouza, ethnicity, means of transportation, drinking water sources and quality,
irrigation sources for agriculture, crop seasons and types of crops cultivated, social amenities
prevailed in the mouza, common diseases and available medical facilities in the area,
educational attainment levels within the population, existing educational institutes and their
performance, employment distribution across various sectors, cultural heritage and
archeological sites, women’s participation in socio-economic activities including gender
participation, and views of participants regarding the proposed project, along with their actions
and reaction.
3.2.1.5 Data from Secondary Sources
Data from secondary sources were collected from NHA - Headquarters Islamabad and the
Project Director (PD) Office, Peshawar, and reviews including relevant policy documents
and development statistics of the project area. The most important policy documents as
amended in 2020 (i.e., LAA Rules/Policy related to merged area), provide national policy
proclamation regulations on unique governance structure and private resource acquisition of the
projects in the public interest to be implemented in three districts Peshawar, Nowshera, and
Khyber. The World Bank Policies & Guidelines were reviewed extensively. The RAP document
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of the Peshawar-Torkham Expressway (PTEX) was also reviewed for better understanding of
the project including public action and reaction regarding project impacts of the proposed road
alignment.
The other main documents reviewed included the project's overall inception report, feasibility
study, and relevant literature. In addition, data from secondary sources were collected to
ascertain a broad overview of the socio-economic development of the project area, which
would enable the consultant to follow an appropriate line of action for the preparation of RAP to
accomplish the objectives of the assignment.
3.3 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Social Impact Assessment was conducted based on the preliminary alignment using a mix of
qualitative and quantitative data to determine the likely impacts on the affected people. It
considers the views and preferences of PAPs and other stakeholders to improve the design
of the project and establish a participatory process for project implementation and
monitoring. Concerted efforts were made to integrate gender aspects into the project design
and social assessment process for collecting disaggregated sex data.
The key objective of the Social Impact Assessment was to identify social impacts and prepare
an inventory of all affected assets including land, crops, trees, and structures. This also included
compiling a list of all affected families and people, land assessment, assessment of other
losses resulting from land acquisition and resettlement, and considering the social, cultural,
and economic impacts on PAPs.
3.3.1 Socio-economic Survey
The objective of this task was to provide a broad overview of the project area, and the socio-
economic profile of the population affected by the project, including improvements such as
increased property values, enhanced transportation infrastructure for improved mobility, and
expanded employment opportunities. To achieve this, a representative sample comprising 20
to 25 percent of households was selected based on the population size along the road
alignment. The collected information covered various aspects including: (i) demographic
composition and settlement pattern; (ii) social organization; (iii) leadership dynamics and
power structures within the community (iv) economic resources and livelihood patterns; (v)
land ownership distribution; (vi) cultural and customary practices, (vii) governance and
administrative system (viii) availability of social services in project areas; (ix) specific impacts
on the poor, women, and other vulnerable groups.
The detailed analysis provided valuable insights into the positive socio-economic changes to
be brought about by the project and its implications for the affected population.
3.3.2 The Census Survey
The census survey was carried out for 100 percent of affected households falling within the
ROW. The cut-off-date for the census survey was August 31, 2023 3 . A structured
questionnaire was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative information on PAPs.
Additionally, open-ended questions were incorporated to elicit insights into their concerns,
issues, and suggestions regarding the proposed project. The survey specifically focused on
parameters for social inclusion, targeting persons with disabilities and individuals belonging to
minority groups within the project area. The following information was collected during the
survey:
3
Cut-off date conforms to the date of completion of the PAP census survey in the specified area.
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1) Demographic and Socio-economic characteristics of the PAPs
2) Family structure and size
3) Levels of literacy
4) Occupation type and income levels
5) Impacts on assets categorized by type and extent of loss
6) Effects on community resources
7) Perceptions regarding resettlement and rehabilitation measures
8) Perceived measures for income restoration
9) Awareness and knowledge related to the project
10) Project-related awareness and knowledge
11) Perceived benefits and losses resulting from the project
The findings from this survey have been analyzed and a r e presented in subsequent
sections. The survey data not only facilitated the development of the RAP but also provided
crucial insights into the potential impacts on affected households. Furthermore, it served as the
foundation for estimating the entitlement-based resettlement budget.
3.3.3 Detailed Measurement Survey (DMS)
A Detailed Measurement Survey (DMS) was conducted for each affected asset to assess the
exact size, type, and quality of each affected asset (land, structures, or other assets appended
to land) with the quantum of impact/ acquired part thereof with ownership title, type based on
the available preliminary design as given in the above Table 2-3.
The details were documented by using a structured questionnaire to enumerate a n
inventory of losses. The DMS was carried out with the participation of PAPs for identifying and
measuring the exact dimensions and quantities and valuation of all affected assets, including,
as applicable, land (residential/commercial and agricultural, etc.), buildings (residential and
commercial) communal/public or cultural/religious facilities, crops, trees, and business
incomes and wages.
Figure 3-1: Detail Measurement Survey of the Affected Structures
3.4 VALUATION OF AFFECTED PROPERTY AND ASSETS
The following method and procedure have been applied for the valuation of affected assets
and structures including trees and crops. All compensation under this RAP is subject to the
requirements described in Chapter 2: Legal and Policy Framework.
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3.4.1 Land
In Peshawar district, land compensation is calculated as per Notification issued by the Deputy
Commissioner Peshawar, referenced as letter No. 529, dated August 7th, 2023, under section
27-A of the Stamp Act. 1899. Similarly, the valuation table of the Nowshera district was used
to assess the land price to be acquired from Jabba Mouza (the only mouza affected in District
Nowshera). Cash compensation will be disbursed at the full replacement cost, along with an
additional 15% compulsory acquisition surcharge (CAS) for the PAPs. Additionally, the land
rate applicable in Nowshera District is also applied on one mouza of Jabba. The letter from
the District Collector regarding land and building rates is provided in Annexure X.
In Khyber District, where official land records do not exist, the Project will follow the
requirements of the KP Land Acquisition Rules 2020 (Part IV) and the setting up of the Qaumi
Commission in addition to the requirements of the LAA 1894 for land assessment,
measurement, and valuation.
3.4.2 Trees
The PAPs whose fruit trees are impacted will be compensated based on the current market
rate and average yield for perennial tree production. For immature non-fruit-bearing trees,
compensation will be calculated by multiplying the market rate by the years required for the
trees to reach productivity. For mature crop-bearing trees, compensation will be determined
by multiplying the market rate by the average years of crops foregone. The final compensation
assessment will be done by the Horticulture Department during RAP implementation.
3.4.3 Crops
Compensation for each crop lost during Kharif/Rabi agriculture seasons will be determined
and approved by the Provincial Agriculture Department before being provided to the PAPs.
Following the award of Section 11 and compensation to the PAPs, they will be informed by the
revenue officer (patwari) to stop further cultivation or use of the land to ensure the timely
availability of ROW. Generally, notices are served from LAC to each PAP indicating their land
to be acquired and the compensation to be paid. The announcement was also made in the
local newspaper. This will help to avoid any potential disputes or confusion regarding the
project.
3.4.4 Residential and Commercial Structures
Cash compensation will be provided at replacement costs for affected structures and other
fixed assets. PAPs will receive salvaged materials without deductions. Additionally, a lump
sum transportation allowance will be disbursed to facilitate household relocation. The
assessment of the affected structure will be based on the replacement rate provided by the
District Buildings Department. They will do the assessment before the announcement of
Awards on the direction of the DC and the same assessment will be incorporated in the RAP
during its up-dation process.
The compensation for business losses will be calculated based on the monthly income for the
period of business disturbance due to project intervention.
3.4.5 Community and Public Structures
For community and public structures, the replacement cost, along with relocation expenses,
will be provided to the relevant department or agency. In the case of a mosque, a local
committee will be formed to determine the reconstruction location. For public structures such
as schools, the relevant department, assisted by the help of the district buildings department,
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will manage the relocation and construction of new buildings. Public Structure (Govt. Primary
School) under Project Impact.
A Government Boys and Girls primary schools of Mouza Surizai Payan, the relevant
department with the help of the district Buildings Department will oversee the relocation and
construction of new buildings.
3.5 DATA QUALITY AND VALIDATION
The surveys and studies were conducted by a skilled team comprising five male and a female
social investigator, a social and resettlement specialist, and a data analyst. The social
investigators, with proper experience in field surveys from similar projects, possessed familiarity
with the local terrain and culture, ensuring efficient data collection. Additionally, consultations
were held by the resettlement and gender specialists with community leaders, as well as male
and female PAPs.
To ensure effective implementation and quality data collection, Field staff comprised
environmentalists, sociologists, enumerators, and retired revenue patwari were supervised by
the resettlement specialist. Three teams were constituted, consisting of six members. Two
teams conducted the census survey, inventory assessment, and structure measurements,
while the third team, led by the Social and Resettlement Specialist, facilitated stakeholder
consultations, supervised enumerators, and ensured quality assurance.
Before the commencement of the intensive field survey, a day-long training session was
conducted to provide an orientation of the project and briefing on the administration of the
questionnaire. Following this, a two-day practical rehearsal was conducted, focusing on the
identification of ROW, DMS training, interview techniques, and filling of questionnaires. The
training concluded once the team felt fully confident in understanding the scope of work of
their work and ensuring accurate data collection with due precision and quality.
To ensure the quality and accuracy of data collection, a social assessment and resettlement
consultant accompanied the team throughout the survey process. Daily evening sessions were
held with the team to review the collected data, ensure its consistency, and provide
constructive feedback. The approach allowed for improvement in data collection and editing
based on daily survey work and feedback received.
3.6 RESETTLEMENT DATABANK
To accomplish the desired objectives and results, different databases were developed using
Microsoft Excel such as socioeconomic indicators, datasets for inventory/assets, public
and private infrastructure, trees inventory, land acquisition, community consultations,
compensation payment and entitlements and relocation. Upon completion, the survey data was
checked for consistency and entered for necessary processing. This data bank would form
the basis of information for RAP implementation, monitoring and reporting purposes and to
facilitate efficient resettlement management.
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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4 IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT
(LAR) IMPACTS
4.1 SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT
The assets inventory survey of the SLR Project was conducted during the months of August
and September 2023 as per the latest alignment provided by the NHA in August 2023. The
design plan was followed to identify the scope of land acquisition and affected assets falling
within 100 meters ROW. All identified impacts within the ROW were enumerated and measured
to determine the extent of losses. The owners/ occupiers of such impacted assets were
enumerated and interviewed to identify the ownership status and socio-economic status
of the PAPs and affected households. The district wise type of impact is provided in the
following Table 4-1.
Table 4-1: District wise Type of Impact
S. Project Impact Khyber Peshawar Nowshera
No. Area/No PAPs Area/No PAPs Area/No PAPs
1 Land (acres) 275 2405 742 14329 33 244
2 Residential Structure 53 53 196 196 3 3
(No.)
3 Commercial structure 0 0 48 8 0 0
(No,)
4 Community 0 0 2 0 0
Structures(mosque)
5 Public 0 0 1 0 0 0
Structures(school)
Sub total 2458 14533 247
Total PAPs 17238
According to the design specifications, considering the length and width of the proposed road,
a total of 1050 acres of land will be acquired. The rates for estimating the cost of affected
areas have been adopted as per the notification from the Revenue Department, referenced
as letter No.529, dated 7th August 2023, under section 27-A of the Stamp Act 1894. This
notification includes the valuation table for the year 2023-2024, effective from 1st July 2023.
The notification letter is attached along with the land rate of Mouza Jabba (only one Mouza
affected from District Nowshera) in the Nowshera District is provided in Annexure–I.
4.2 CUT-OFF DATE
The census of PAPs was finalized on August 31, 2023, serving as the official Cut-off Date for
compensation purposes. People relocating to the project area after the cut-off dates are not
entitled to compensation or any other rehabilitation measures offered by the project. It is
emphasized that persons settling or occupying the ROW after the cut-off date will not be
considered eligible for compensation.
4.2.1 Impact on Land
The project will need about 1,050 acres of land to be acquired for the construction of the SLR
Project. Out of the total impacted land, 742 acres is located in the Peshawar District, 33 acres
from Nowshera District and the remaining 275 acres is located in District Khyber. The
distribution further specifies 17.47 acres of residential land, 0.52 acres of commercial land,
0.14 acres of community-owned land, 759.07 acres of agricultural land and 272.8 acres of
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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barren land impacting a total of 16,978 landowners. Among these, 16,692 are male
landowners and 286 are female landowners.
The application of Section 5 of the Land Acquisition Act will be initiated once the alignment of
the Southern Link Road (SLR) is finalized. The final alignment will only be confirmed after
the contractor responsible for the design and implementation of the project is appointed. As a
result, conducting a detailed survey or census at this stage is not feasible, since it depends on
the finalized alignment, which is contingent on the contractor’s proposed alignment.
Once the contractor is onboard and the design is finalized, a comprehensive survey will be
conducted in areas where the contractor’s proposed alignment is different than the preliminary
alignment, to assess the affected population, land, and other assets. This assessment will
inform the preparation of an implementation-ready and updated Resettlement Action Plan
(RAP).
At that stage, Section 5 will be applied, and a formal notification will be issued, declaring the
land required for public purposes. This notification will serve as a public announcement,
informing stakeholders and affected communities about the impending land acquisition for the
project.
Land to be acquired in Khyber District: In Khyber District, the proposed road covers a length
of 11 km and passes through Bara and Jamrud Tehsils. Keeping in view the ROW of 100 m,
the identified land for acquisition sums up to 275 acres. The land is characterized as barren,
unproductive, and uneven, owned by the local tribes (Katia Khel (Kuki Khel) and Shalober
(Qambar Khel) belonging to the main tribe of Afridi) asserting customary rights. The Assistant
Commissioner of Jamrud and Khyber has issued letters outlining the land ownership status,
ongoing disputes among tribes over land possession, and associated court cases, (see
Annexure-II). The area is earmarked for potential government schemes in the future, a land
parcel near the road’s outset has been demarcated for a WAPDA grid station, with Section 4
under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 already notified. Coordination with relevant departments
is imperative to discuss the road project, and its impacts and gather valuable feedback.
Mouza-wise details of the land to be acquired are presented in Table 4-2 and Table 4-3.
Table 4-2: Summary of the Affected Land
Affected Land (Acres)
District Total
Agriculture Residential Commercial Community
Barren (Acre) Land
(Acre) (Acre) (Acre) Acre)
(Acre)
Khyber 00 272.8 2.2 00 00 275
Nowshera 32.98 00 0.02 00 00 33
Peshawar 726.09 00 15.25 0.52 0.14 742
Total 759.07 272.8 17.47 0.52 0.14 1,050
Table 4-3: Mouza wise Affected AHs and Land to be acquired
Land to Length
Name of Land be of SLR
Sr. Union
District Impacted Tehsil PAPs Acquired (km)
# Council
Mouza (Acres)
Male Female
Khyber 1 Sathi VC 2 of Jamrud 1,405 0 202 8.1
(Communa Khel/Shah Shahkass 12
l land) Kass
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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Land to Length
Name of Land be of SLR
Sr. Union
District Impacted Tehsil PAPs Acquired (km)
# Council
Mouza (Acres)
Male Female
2 Nogazi UC 51 of Bara 1,000 0 73 2.9
Nogazi Baba
Peshawar 1 Sangu Sangu Mattani 1,880 179 108 4.3
(Private 2 Mushterzai Mushterzai Mattani 888 10 27 1.1
land) 3 Garhi Mali Garhi Mali Mattani 775 9 49 2.0
Khel Khel
4 Behlolzai Behlolzai Mattani 1,084 5 23 1.0
5 Masho Masho Mattani 1,546 0 122 4.9
Gagar Gagar
6 Hurizai Hurizai Peshawar 226 0 44 1.8
7 Maryamzai Badabair Peshawar 350 2 65 2.6
8 Surizai Surizai Peshawar 2,850 47 159 6.4
Payan Payan
9 Mera Kachori Peshawar 4,130 15 120 5.0
Kachori
10 Tarnab Lala Chamkani 314 7 25 1.0
Nowshera 1 Jabba Taru Pabbi 244 12 33 1.4
(Private
land)
Total 13 16,692 286 1050 42.53
4.2.2 Communal Land-Affected Households and PAPs
About 2,405 HHs comprised of 21,645 persons/population will be impacted due to communal
land (275 acres) acquisition in District Khyber. The details of HHs and PAPs of subtribes and
clans who owned the RoW within the Afridi tribe are provided in Table 4-4. A Tribal Schema of
sub-tribes, clans, and sub-clans are provided as Annex-III.
Table 4-4 : Sub-tribe and Clan wise Communal Land Ownership in Jamrud Tehsil, Khyber
District
Tehsil Clan and Sub-clans AHHs PAPs
Jamrud Makki Khel
(Katia Khel) Zaman Khel 320 2,880
Sar Khel 315 2,835
Mastal Khel
Allah Dad Khel 85 765
Mangidad Khel 46 414
Shah Muhammad Khel 38 342
Sati Khel 30 270
Pirdad Khel 28 252
Sep Khel 26 234
Dildar Khel 35 315
Wahab Khel 36 324
Shadad Khel 31 279
Dildar Khel
Ismail Khel 215 1,935
Ibrahim Khel 200 1,800
Bara Shalobar Khel
(Qambar Khel) Qayyum Khel 550 4,950
Warin Khel 450 4,050
Total 2,405 21,645
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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4.2.3 Option of “Land for Land”
During consultations with local communities and jirga meetings, land-affected persons
expressed a preference for cash compensation over the "land for land" option. However, to
explore the feasibility of the latter, the Environment, Afforestation, Land and Social (EALS)
Section of the NHA contacted the Commissioner of Peshawar for clarity on Government land
availability.
According to the Commissioner Peshawar’s letter No. 2-17 MISC/AR/2023, dated 09-09-2024,
no suitable Government land parcel is available. A copy of the Commissioner Peshawar’s
letter is included in Annexure XVIII for reference.
Given the unavailability of state land across the three districts of similar use, the "land-for-
land" compensation model, which typically involves providing displaced landowners whose
livelihoods are land-based with alternate land, becomes difficult in this case. NHA therefore
would like eligible PAPs to consider cash compensation as a viable alternative. Offering
replacement cost as cash compensation equivalent to the land acquired will ensure that
affected landowners are adequately compensated. These PAPs will also be eligible for the
Livelihood Restoration activities offered under the Project.
4.2.4 Loss of Trees
During the impact assessment survey of ROW of SLR project, about 9,420 fruit trees and
1,740 non-fruit trees will be uprooted. The PAP wise distribution of trees and compensation
cost will further be finalized after section -5 and DPAC of District Collector, Revenue. As per
notification Agriculture Extension Department, Govt. of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,
No.35/DDA/Peshawar, dated 11-9-20`5, the total compensation cost is estimated PKR
……………... million. The type of fruit and non-fruit trees are provided in the following Table
4-5.
Table 4-5: Summary of the Affected Trees
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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4.2.5 Affected Residential and Commercial Structures
The project impacts include loss of land, private residential cum commercial structures as well
as loss of cultivable land due to land acquisition along the proposed alignment. Due to
the proposed alignment, 252 residential (owned by 252 PAPs) and 48 commercial structures
(owned by 08 PAPs) will be affected. None of the residential or commercial structures was
identified as owned by female PAPs. The summary of project-affected structures falling within
ROW is given in Table 4-6.
Table 4-6: Categories of Affected Structures and Number of AHs
District Khyber District Nowshera District Peshawar
Sr. Affected
No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of
No. Structures
Structures AHs Structures AHs Structures AHs
Residential
1 66 66 03 03 183 183
Structures
Shops, hotel,
2 0 0 0 0 48 08
poultry farm
Total 66 66 03 03 231 191
4.2.6 Estimation of the Affected Covered Area of the Residential Structures
During the asset inventory survey, data was collected about the type of structures (residential
and commercial), construction types of the main structure, and the size of the structure. The
construction types used for the classification of the affected structures are pacca, semi-pacca,
and kacha.
A total of 186 residential houses will be impacted located within the right of way in District
Peshawar and Nowshera. Based on the consultation with the PAPs as well as other
community members along the project corridor, physical measurement, size, and type of
structures, the replacement value of residential structures located within the project ROW was
estimated. The summary of the affected covered area is given in Table 4-7 and details of these
affected residential structures are provided in Annexure-IV.
Table 4-7: Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Residential Structures
Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft.) Area in Marla Area in kanal
Pacca 96 321,116 1181 59.0
Semi Pacca 65 168,552 619 31.0
Kacha 25 73,950 272 13.6
Total 186 563,618 2072 103.6
The Project in Khyber District involves land acquisition and resettlement, with minimal impact
on land-based activities as most of the project route traverses hilly or barren terrain, except
for a few settlements along the corridor.
A total 66 residential houses within the RoW will be affected in District Khyber. Error! R
eference source not found. and details of these affected residential structures are provided in
Annexure-V.
Table 4-8: Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Residential Structures of Khyber Area
Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft) Area in Marla Area in kanal
Pacca 58 111,187 408 20.4
Semi Pacca 04 19446 71.43 3.57
Kacha 04 9716 35.69 1.78
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft) Area in Marla Area in kanal
Total 66 156,711 575.61 28.78
4.2.7 Estimated Covered Areas of Affected Commercial Assets
The project will also impact 48 privately owned/ individual assets of eight PAPs in District
Peshawar. The summary of the affected commercial structures, PAPs, and their total affected
covered area is given in Table 4-9. A detailed list of the affected commercial structures is
attached as Annexure -VI.
Table 4-9: Commercial Structures under Project Impact
No. of No. of Affected Total Area
Type of Asset Area in Marla Area in kanal
PAPs Assets (sq. ft)
48
Shops/hotel (Shops: 46,
8 21,250 78 3.9
/ Factory Hotel: 01,
Factory:01)
4.2.8 Communal Land in District Khyber
There is communal land of 275 acres to be acquired for the project. Revenue records do not
exist for this land and it is jointly owned by the different tribes and clans. Local subtribes (Kuki
Khel and Shalobar belonging to the main tribe of Afridi) assert customary rights. Under KP
Land Acquisition Rules (2020) rule 20, the Collector shall notify a “Qaumi Commission” of
elders comprising members up to 20 in number from amongst the notable of the area where
the land is to be acquired. The purpose of the rules of the Qaumi Commission is to facilitate
the Collector and Revenue Department in the land acquisition in a smooth manner. In case of
any objection, the Collector may seek the recommendations of the Qaumi Commission to
resolve the objection. The Qaumi Commission will identify the land ownership of each eligible
tribal male rightsholder belonging to the respective sub-tribe.
Since no land is available for a "land-to-land" compensation option in District Khyber (as per
Annexure XVIII), cash compensation is the only viable alternative and has already been
accepted by the local population.
The Qaumi Commission, comprising representatives from each tribe, will be responsible for
determining the compensation plan. The head of each tribe will prepare a detailed plan
identifying the land belonging to their tribe, the compensation amount, and the distribution of
funds among the affected Project Affected Persons (PAPs) within their tribe.
In cases where there are reservations regarding the land valuation or the distribution of
compensation, the concerned Malik (tribal leader) or tribe head may approach the Deputy
Commissioner to request a review. The Deputy Commissioner, with the support of revenue
staff, will assess the case and announce a final decision regarding compensation payments
through the Qaumi Commission.
4.2.8.1. Compensation process for communal land falling within the ROW:
In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, Rule 2020 governs unsettled land and outlines the
procedures for determining land value and its distribution. In such cases, the Deputy
Collector/Deputy Commissioner (DC) constitutes a Qaumi Commission to decide the land
value and identify the tribes and sub-tribes eligible for compensation.
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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Since no land is available for a "land-to-land" compensation option in District Khyber, cash
compensation is the only viable alternative and has already been accepted by the local
population. The Qaumi Commission, comprising representatives from each tribe, will be
responsible for determining the compensation plan. The head of each tribe will prepare a
detailed plan identifying the land belonging to their tribe, the compensation amount, and the
distribution of funds among the affected Project Affected Persons (PAPs) within their tribe.
Tribes and sub-tribes are required to adhere to the decisions made by the Qaumi Commission.
In cases where there are reservations regarding the land valuation or the distribution of
compensation, the concerned Malik (tribal leader) or tribe head may approach the Deputy
Commissioner to request a review. The Deputy Commissioner, with the support of revenue
staff, will assess the case and announce a final decision regarding compensation payments
through the Qaumi Commission.
4.2.8.2. Impacts due to Rest Area Development
Additionally, the precise location for the Rest Area along the Southern Link Road (SLR) has
yet to be finalized. It is expected that this location will be determined during the RAP updating
process, following the finalization of the road alignment. Once identified, the updated RAP will
incorporate specific resettlement provisions to address any impacts related to the Rest Area's
development, ensuring that the concerns of PAPs are thoroughly considered and that land
acquisition and appropriate compensation is provided as required in compliance with the
World Bank Policy OP 4.12.
4.2.9 Affected Community and Public Structures
The major community and public infrastructure includes two mosques, one school, and five
electric poles that need to be rebuilt or relocated. The budget of mosques is estimated for the
compensation to the PAPs. The summary of the affected community and public infrastructures
is summarized in Table 4-10.
Table 4-10: Community and Public Structures under Project Impact
Sr. No. Affected Asset No. District
1 Electric Pole 05 Khyber, Peshawar
2 Mosque 02 Peshawar
3 Govt. Primary school for boys and girls 01 Peshawar
Installation of Fiber Optic Cabel:
As part of the project, an intelligent traffic system will be established, with ducts and fiber optics
installed during the construction phase.
Additionally, as per the prevailing practices of the National Highway Authority (NHA), utilities
likely to be disturbed due to construction activities will be relocated. The departments
concerned will be compensated through a utility shifting allowance accordingly.
4.2.10 Handling/ Procedure of Shifting Individual Graves
Currently, there is no specific policy in place at the client level regarding the handling of
individual graves during land acquisition or project implementation. However, if relocation of
graves becomes necessary, a thorough consultation process will be conducted with the
affected community and religious authorities to ensure respect for local customs and
sensitivities.
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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Key steps in the process include:
i. Consultation with the Affected Community:
• The first step will involve initiating a dialogue with the affected community
members, including the families of the deceased, local leaders, and other relevant
stakeholders. This consultation aims to gather consent and ensure that all parties
are aware of the process and their concerns are addressed.
ii. Identification and Provision of Alternate Land:
• An alternate plot of land for the graves will be identified. This new location will be
selected after mutual agreement between the affected community and the project
authorities, ensuring the site is culturally and logistically appropriate for grave
relocation.
iii. Cost Coverage:
• The costs associated with the relocation, including exhumation, transportation,
reburial, and any traditional or religious rites that may need to be performed, will
be fully covered by the project. This ensures the community is not financially
burdened by the process.
iv. Site Selection Process:
• The selection of the new burial site will involve mutual consultation between the
affected families, local religious leaders and the project team. The location should
be easily accessible to the community, culturally appropriate, and suitable for future
grave visits.
v. Facilitation by Local Authorities:
• The local administration, specifically the Assistant Commissioner (AC), will oversee
the entire process to ensure Islamic rituals are observed in transparently and
respectfully. The Patwari (local land record officer) will assist in coordinating the
logistics, such as the demarcation of the new burial site and facilitating the dignified
relocation of remains.
vi. Execution of Grave Shifting:
• The actual shifting of the grave will be carried out on mutually agreed dates,
ensuring that the community has ample time to prepare. The project team will
ensure the process is conducted with the utmost respect and dignity, adhering to
cultural and religious traditions.
vii. Post-Relocation Support:
• Following the relocation, continuous communication with the affected families will
be maintained to ensure their satisfaction with the new site and to address any
post-relocation concerns.
4.2.11 Loss of Income/ Livelihood
The businesses affected by the alignment included 48 structures/properties/assets owned by
eight PAPs as provided in Table 4-11. These businesses are mostly located in different
buildings to be demolished in the existing ROW. During the consultation with these PAPs,
it appeared that the income of all these businesses is almost similar except for one poultry farm
where the business premises/sheds could be rebuilt in an average of six months.
The loss of identified commercial structures will result in a loss of income. It is anticipated that
eight employees will also be affected by the project. At the time of implementation of RAP, the
exact number of employees will be updated and confirmed and will be entitled to payment of
compensation.
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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Table 4-11: Loss of Income / Livelihood
No. of Avg. Net
Sr. Affected Affected No. of Monthly
Village/ District
No. Asset Structures/ PAPs Income
asset (KPR) *
1 Poultry farm 01 01 35,000 Masho Gagar- Peshawar
Mineral Water
2 01 01 35,000 Mushtarzai – Khyber
Plant
(Bara/Mushtarzai – Khyber
3 Shops/hotel 46 06 35,000 (25), (Mashogagar-
Peshawar:21)
Total 48 08
4.2.12 Impact on Employees of Affected Commercial Structures
A total of eight employees of the following enterprises may be affected by the project
interventions. They will be entitled to compensation for income/wage loss for three months.
The number and name of these employees may vary at the implementation stage, and this
information will be updated. It is noted that the poultry farm is closed for 4 months in the
summer and the owner laid off the laborers to save the cost. Similarly, the hotel owner in the
month of Ramadan closes the hotel or reduces the timing to save the cost. It is not sure if the
laid-off employees will join again. They might have secured alternate employment. The details
of the employees are provided in the following Table 4-12.
Table 4--12: Income loss of Affected Employees of lost businesses
Nos. of Avg. wage of an
Sr. No. Type impacted Business
Employees employee
1 Factory (mineral water) 03 20,000
2 Poultry Farm 03 18,000
3 Hotel 02 16,000
Total 08
4.2.13 Vulnerable PAPs of Impacted Structures
The displaced poor and other marginal groups, including, the elderly, differently abled persons,
and female-headed households are also disproportionately affected by the impact on affected
residential structures and land acquisition. These vulnerable groups require special
consideration. According to the census survey, out of 252 PAPs whose residential structures
are affected, 86 PAPs have incomes below the poverty line. None of the women PAPs was
identified as vulnerable. These individuals will be entitled to special assistance in the form of
a vulnerability allowance equivalent to three times the minimum wage officially announced by
the KP Government in the budget book for 2024-25 amounting to PKR ………….. aimed at
restoring or improving their living standards. For a detailed list of vulnerable PAPs, please refer
to Annexure- V I I . A letter of minimum wage of the KP Government to provide vulnerable
allowance is provided in Annexure XI.
4.2.14 Vulnerable PAPs of Impacted Land
There are a total of 16,978 PAPs affected due to land acquisition as identified by the Revenue
Department. To identify how many of these are vulnerable PAPs, data of the Benazir Income
Support Program (BISP) was collected. This BISP data suggests that 1,077 vulnerable PAPs
live in the 13 villages that fall in the project area. Exactly how many of these 1,077 vulnerable
PAPs may be losing land to the Project will be determined at the stage when the alignment is
finalized.
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IDENTIFICATION OF LAND ACQUISITION AND
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The aggregate data of registered BISP recipients in the 13 villages is provided in Table 4-4
below while the list of aggregate vulnerable PAPs/Unique HH ID No. is provided in Annexure-
XVI.
Table 4-13: Vulnerable PAPs of the Impacted Villages as Per BISP
Total
Male Female
District Villages Vulnerable HHs
1 2 3
1 Tarnab 46 44 02
2 Surizai Payan 01 01 0
3 Maryamzai 498 430 68
4 Sangu 9 8 1
5 Behlolzai 7 7 0
Peshawar Mashogager/Mera
6 5 4 1
Mashogager
7 Garhi Mali khel (Hurizai) 189 164 25
8 Mushterzai 266 229 37
9 Hurizai 01 01 0
10 Mera Kachori 12 11 01
Nowshera 11 Jabba 27 22 05
12 Nogazi 2 1 01
Khyber
13 Shahkas/Sathikhel 14 11 03
Grand total 1,077 933 144
The aggregate village data of BISP recipients will be updated during the implementation stage
by identifying and segregating individuals affected by the final project alignment.
The land-affected PAPs will be provided with a vulnerable allowance for three months
minimum wage @ PKR …………. per month to the tune of PKR ……………... total for each
land PAP. However, at present the tentative vulnerable allowance of 1,077 persons is being
allocated in the budget.
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SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT and PROFILE
5 SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT AND PROFILE
This section briefly describes the overall socio-economic condition of the surveyed/ studied
population living in villages along the ROW. Overall, the socioeconomic survey was
conducted in 12 villages, aimed at collecting substantial information on: (i) Demographic
Characteristics; (ii) Ethnography (iii) Main Occupation & Source of Income (iv) Land
Ownership Status (v) Housing Condition (vi) Religion (vii) Language Spoken in the project
area (viii) Institutional Facilities (ix) Educational Facilities; and (x) Source of Drinking Water.
5.1 SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE
To study the overall socioeconomic conditions at the affected village level, socio-economic
data was collected from the 12 Mouza/villages falling within the ROW. The information was
gathered through a structured interview guide. To collect the data, meetings were conducted
with the key informants, maliks, elders, teachers, imam masjids, chairmen, and other
community participants.
5.1.1 Social and Tribal Structure
The social structure in Peshawar and Nowshera Districts is characterized by a blend of
traditional familial ties and tribal affiliations, with extended families forming the core of social
networks. Tribal dynamics play a significant role in shaping power structures and social norms,
intersecting with familial relationships to reinforce traditional hierarchies. Access to education
and infrastructure varies across different areas, with efforts underway to promote gender
equality and women's empowerment. Despite challenges such as socio-economic disparities,
the social structure presents opportunities for development through initiatives aimed at
improving education, healthcare, and economic opportunities for all segments of society. The
main tribes in Nowshera Districts are Pashtuns of Durrani, Khattak and Yousafzai tribes and
in Peshawar District are Khalil, Arbab, Mohmand, Awan and Khattak.
The tribal structure in Khyber District, led by the Afridi tribe, has a rich history deeply rooted in
tradition. The Afridi tribe, which is part of the Pukhtun ethnic group, consists of different sub-
groups called sub-tribes, clans, sub-clans, sections, sub-sections, and family on segmentary
lines, locally organized into qaum, khel, tappa, kande and kor. The tribal values are attached
to notions of male honor, and by an unwritten behavioral code called Pukhtunwali. This code
defines the way people should behave to keep the tribe together. The Pukhtunwali shapes
social interactions and dictates norms of behavior, including hospitality, loyalty, and revenge.
The Afridi tribe is patriarchal, with a strong emphasis placed on familial bonds.
Within the ambit of social structure, the fundamental residential and economic entity is the
patrilocal extended family, comprising the elder's household and his married sons. Daughters
leave to join their husband's family upon marriage, potentially being married to their husband's
brother if widowed. Married sons usually reside within their father's compound, with the elder
or eldest brother typically holding authority over the extended family. This unit serves as the
primary source of solidarity, providing security and mutual support for its members.
The tribe mainly lives in the rugged terrain of Khyber District, with their ancestral lands
spreading into nearby areas such as the Khyber Pass. Historically, the Afridi tribe has been
predominantly pastoralist, with many members engaged in animal husbandry, agriculture, and
trade along the Khyber Pass. However, due to changes in socio-economic dynamics and
increased urbanization, some Afridi individuals have diversified their livelihoods to include
professions such as business, government service including military service. Migration
patterns affect population distribution, with some families moving to urban areas for economic
reasons while others remain tied to rural ancestral lands.
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Inter-tribal and intra-tribal feuds have been a recurring aspect of the social dynamics within
the Afridi tribe. These conflicts can arise due to various factors such as land disputes, resource
competition, honor issues, and historical grievances. These disputes can stem from territorial
disputes over grazing lands, water rights, or strategic locations such as mountain passes.
These intra-tribal conflicts may arise from disputes over inheritance, leadership succession,
or perceived slights to honor.
Traditionally, tribal leaders, known as Maliks or elders, hold multifaceted roles in the Afridi
Tribe, from mediating disputes to safeguarding tribal customs and representing Afridi interests
in wider socio-political arenas. Through forums like Jirgas, they facilitate collective decision-
making and conflict resolution, preserving traditional norms and Afridi cohesion. During land
acquisition negotiations, these leaders advocate for fair compensation and tribal rights,
wielding significant social influence within their communities. Their endorsement or opposition
can sway public opinion and affect project outcomes. However, these roles are now largely
replaced by the Quami Commission, overseen by the Tehsil administration. Qaumi
Commission is constituted/announced officially for a specific purpose and is time based
whereas Jirga is informal set up for decision making at the community level.
While the traditional tribal structure remains largely intact, modernization and urbanization
have brought about changes in the Afridi tribe. Nonetheless, the tribe continues to play a
significant role in local politics, community affairs, and upholding traditional values.
5.1.2 Demographic Profile
The data analysis showed that the largest village, Mera Kachori, comprises 10,000 HHs with
a total population of 120,000 persons. In contrast, the smallest village, Masho Khel, consists
of 23 HHs, with a population of 300 persons. Across all surveyed villages, the total population
stands at 179,985 with a gender distribution of 48.5% males and 51.5% females, resulting in
an average HHs size of 12 persons. Table 5-1 shows the detailed demographic characteristics
of the surveyed villages.
Table 5-1: Demographic Characteristics of the Population
Population of the Studied Village
Sr. Avg.
Name of Total Total Male Female Sex
No. Family
Visited Village HHs population (%) (%) Ratio
size
1 Mera Surizai 45 675 15 49 51 100:104
2 Mera Kachori 10,000 120,000 12 50 50 100:100
3 Jabba 6,000 72,000 12 48 52 100: 108
4 Satteno 340 4,420 13 47 53 100:112
5 Surizai Bala 3,000 33,000 11 49 51 100:104
6 Masho Gagar 450 5,850 13 48 52 100:108
7 Ghareebabad 200 2,200 11 48 52 100:108
8 Mushterzai 70 840 12 47 53 100:112
Mera Masho
9 300 4200 14 47 53 100:112
Gagar
10 Masho Khel 23 300 13 49 51 100:104
11 Nogazi Baba 100 1,500 15 48 52 100:108
12 Bara Qadeem 700 7,000 10 48 52 100:108
Total 21,228 179,985 12 48.5 51.5 100:105
5.1.3 Main Occupations, Source of Income and Land Ownership Status
During the field survey, data on main occupations, primary sources of income, and land
ownership status were collected from residents during community meetings. The gathered
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data revealed that in the Peshawar and Nowshera areas, the land was fertile and
predominantly under cultivation. Most of the residents were engaged in farming, with
exceptions such as in the village Nogazi Baba, where government service was the primary
source of income for most HHs. The main crops cultivated in the area include wheat, rice,
maize, sugarcane, fodder, jawar (millet), and bajra (sorghum), with some residents involved in
business ventures and others employed in government positions. In contrast, in Khyber
District, where there is a lack of proper canal supply and low rainfall, locals pursued non-
agriculture occupations for livelihoods, such as driving, running small shops, and engaging in
small-scale businesses. The table below shows the general profile of the villages that fall in
the project area showcasing their livelihood resources/patterns.
Table 5-2 depicts the main occupations, income sources, and land ownership status of the
population in survey/studied villages.
Table 5-2: Main Occupations, Source of Income of the Studied Villages
Sr. Occupation (%) Landow-
District Mouza Govt. Private. Own
no. Farming Other nership
Service Service Business
1 Nowshera Jabba 70 5 - 25 - Owners
Bara
60 - - 40 - Owners
2 Khyber Qadeem
Nogazi Baba 20 75 - 0 5 Owners
Mera Surizai 70 - - 30 - Owners
Mera Kachori 60 - - 30 10 Owners
Satteno
90 - - 5 5 Owners
Village
Surizai Bala 80 - - 15 5 Owners
Masho
70 - - 15 15 Owners
3 Peshawar Gagar
Ghareeb
80 5 5 5 5 Owners
abad
Mushterzai 80 - - 10 10 Owners
Mera Masho
80 - 10 5 5 Owners
Gagar
Masho Khel 70 15 5 5 5 Owners
5.1.4 Construction Pattern of Housing
During the data collection of socioeconomic village profiles, details regarding construction
types of residential structures were recorded. The subsequent analysis revealed that 53
percent of the houses in the studied villages were of pacca construction, followed by 35
percent of Semi-pacca structures, with only 12 percent being Kacha houses. Residents tended
to invest their savings in constructing pacca or semi-pucca houses due to their durability and
safety, especially during heavy rains and flood seasons.
5.1.5 Religion Composition
The survey findings show that 100 percent of people were Muslim in and around the project
area.
5.1.6 Language Spoken
The survey findings show that 100 percent of people were Pukhtun, and their mother tongue
was Pashto. In project districts, local people can speak Urdu as well.
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5.1.7 Educational Institutions in the Surveyed Villages
The collected data revealed that in nearly all villages, primary, middle, and high schools were
accessible. Moreover, in five of the surveyed villages (Mera Kachori, Satteno Village, Mera
Masho Gagar and Bara Qadeem), inter-colleges were available for boys, while degree
Colleges were present in Satteno Village, Mera Masho Gagar and Masho Gagar. Following
the completion of surveys in the villages along the alignment in October and November 2022,
and in May 2023, it was noted that a girl’s school was impacted and thus required relocation.
The overall educational institutions in the studied villages are presented in the Table 5-3.
Table 5-3: Educational Institutions in Studied Villages
Bara Qadeem
Ghareebabad
Mera Kachori
Maira Masho
Nogazi Baba
Mera Surizai
Masho Mera
Masho Khail
Surizai Bala
Mushtarzai
Satteno
Gagar
Jabba
Facility
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Boys
Primary NO
School YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Girls
NO N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Boys
Middle NO N N N N
School YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Girls
NO N N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Boys
High NO N N N
School YES Y Y Y Y Y Y
Girls
NO N N N N N N N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Boys
Dini NO N
Madrassa YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Girls
NO N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y
Boys
Inter NO N N N N N N N
College YES Y Y Y
Girls
NO N N N N N N N N N N
YES Y Y Y
Boys
Degree NO N N N N N N N N
College YES Y Y Y Y
Girls
NO N N N N N N N N
*Y denotes Yes and **N denotes No
5.1.8 Institutional Facilities Available
The data presented in the Table 5-4 indicates the availability of various facilities across the
survey villages. For instance, in the village of Mera Surizai, a comprehensive range of
amenities including hospitals, dispensaries, BHU, private practitioners, veterinary
dispensaries, post offices, banks, and police stations are accessible. However, in Masho
Gagar Village, there is a lack of such facilities. Nevertheless, residents often utilize facilities in
neighboring villages when unavailable locally, thus benefiting both directly and indirectly from
these facilities.
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Table 5-4: Availability of Institutional Facilities
SattenoVillage
Ghareeb abad
Jabba Khalsa
Bara Qadeem
Masho Gagar
Mera Kachori
Maira Masho
Nogazi Baba
Mera Surizai
Masho Khail
Surizai Bala
Mushtarzai
Gagar
Facility
YES Y Y Y Y Y
Hospital
NO N N N N N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Dispensary
NO N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
BHU/RHU
NO N N N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Private Practitioner
NO N N N N N
Veterinary YES Y Y Y
Dispensary NO N N N N N N N N N N
Artificial Semination YES
Centre NO N N N N N N N N N N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Post Office
NO N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Bank
NO N N N
YES Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Police Station/ Post
NO N
*Y denotes Yes and **N denotes No
5.1.9 Source of Drinking and Irrigation Water
In most of the villages, the major source of drinking water was through hand pumps. In a few
villages, water supply systems and wells were also the main source of drinking water. The
source of drinking water is shown in the Table 5-5.
Table 5-5: Source of Drinking Water
Sr. No. Surveyed Mouza Hand Pump Well Water Supply Others (Bore)
1 Surizai Payan ✓
2 Mera Kachori ✓ ✓
3 Jabba ✓ ✓
4 Satteno ✓ ✓
5 Surizai Bala ✓ ✓
6 Masho Gagar ✓ ✓
7 Ghareebabad ✓ ✓
8 Mushtarzai ✓
9 Mera Masho Gagar ✓ ✓
11 Nogazi Baba ✓ ✓
12 Bara Qadeem ✓
Mostly farmers were using the canal water for irrigation and few farmers have installed their
private Tube wells for agriculture purposes. Sources of water for irrigation purposes are shown
in Table 5-6.
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Table 5-6: Availability of Source of Irrigation Water
Tube Canal + Tube
Sr. No. Surveyed Mouza Canal Well Rain
Well Well
1 Surizai Payan Yes
2 Mera Kachori Yes
3 Jabba Yes
4 Satteno Yes
5 Surizai Bala Yes
6 Masho Gagar Yes
7 Ghareebabad Yes
8 Mushtarzai Yes
9 Mera Masho Gagar Yes
10 Masho Khel Yes
11 Nogazi Baba No Yes
12 Bara Qadeem Yes
5.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTERVIEWS OF LAND AFFECTED PERSONS
The social team conducted the interviews of about 250 land-affected persons falling within the
ROW of Mouzas located along the proposed SLR. There are hardly any PAPs doing
independent own business in the project area. Most of the farmers have established shops
along with the farming activities to meet their livelihood requirements because farming alone
can meet their family economic needs. Therefore, the respondent’s income sources have been
grouped as per their occupations. Shop keeping is easily controlled/run business by each
family member not requiring any specific skills.
The findings of the survey are being provided in the following Table 5-7:
Table 5-7: Average HH Size, Monthly Income, and Main Occupations
Family Alternate
Sr. No. of Monthly Income Source of Income
Size Source of
No. PAPs Rs. Rs.
(persons) Income
1 75 Up to 35,000 Farming+ Shop Keeping Shop Keeping
2 75 8 – 12 Up to 50,000 Farming+ Private Job Private Job
3 100 +50,000 Farming+ Private Job Private Job
Table 5-8: Construction Pattern of the Houses
Sr. No. Pacca House Semi Pacca House Kacha House Total
1 132 HHs 92 HHs 26 250
Overall %age 53% 36% 11 % 100 %
Table 5-9: Cropping Pattern and PAPs Opinion about the Project
Sr. No. of Respondent's Opinion regarding
Main Crops
No. PAPs land acquisition
Potato, Brinjal, Radis, Cucumber, It’s a good development project as it
1 75
Capsicum etc. offers better rates of compensation.
Broccoli, Spinach, Carrot, Occra
2 75 No comments
etc.
Corn, Sugarcane, Wheat, Due to this project, the land use pattern
3 100
Chickpea, Lemon, etc. will be changed.
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5.2.1 Communal Land Ownership
In Khyber District, land ownership within Afridi sub-tribes is mostly clan and sub-clan-based,
with each clan, and sub-clan inheriting distinct areas passed down through generations by
customary rules. Some areas are collectively held by the entire sub-tribe or specific lineage
groups for activities like grazing and cultivation. This dynamic interplay between tradition and
external influences shapes land ownership patterns within the Afridi tribe.
Over time, the distribution of tribal lands among Afridi sub-tribes may have shifted due to
various factors such as population growth, internal conflicts, external pressures, and
government policies. Changes in land tenure systems, commercial use, and infrastructure
development projects also impact on land distribution patterns.
The tribal structure significantly influences land acquisition in the deeply ingrained traditional
systems of the Khyber District, where communal ownership is common. The land is viewed as
collective tribal or clan property, with usage rights allocated according to customary laws.
Negotiating land acquisition involves tribal leaders and community consensus due to this
communal ownership, impacting social dynamics and power structures. Influential clans or
families may complicate negotiations, while intra-tribal conflicts add further complexity.
Resistance to land acquisition arises from concerns about livelihoods and the potential future
commercial value of land due to proximity to Peshawar City. Tribal structures can facilitate or
hinder development projects depending on community cooperation. Clear communication and
negotiation channels within tribal structures can streamline land acquisition, but
misunderstandings or lack of consent may cause delays or conflicts, affecting project
progress. There are disputes among different tribes over landownership falling within ROW.
For land acquisition of communal land within ROW, the Quami Commission to be notified by
the district administration, will play an important role in resolving the disputes and establishing
the land ownership rights of the PAPs. The Quomi Commission, comprising representatives
from each tribe, will be responsible for determining the compensation plan and resolving the
conflicts among the tribes as per the traditional system of the area. The head of each tribe will
prepare a detailed plan identifying the land belonging to their tribe, the compensation amount,
and the distribution of funds among the affected Project Affected Persons (PAPs) within their
tribe. Tribes and sub-tribes are required to adhere to the decisions made by the Quomi
Commission.
In cases where there are reservations or conflicts regarding the land valuation or the
distribution of compensation, the concerned Malik (tribal leader) or tribe head may approach
the Deputy Commissioner to request a review. The Deputy Commissioner, with the support of
revenue staff, will assess the case and announce a final decision regarding compensation
payments through the Quomi Commission.
The existing three-tier mechanism of the GRC, along with the Quami Commission assisting
the district revenue authorities, provides a robust framework for dispute resolution. These
mechanisms are well-equipped to address disputes effectively prior to the disbursement of
compensation and the commencement of construction activities.
As discussed earlier, the Afridi tribal structure can be segmented into various sub-tribes, each
with its own distinct identity, lineage, and territory within the broader Afridi community. Key
clans like Qamber Khel (Bar Qamar Khel an offshoot) and Katia Khel, a clan of Kuki Khel sub-
tribe, have ownership of the SLR ROW in Jamrud and Bara Tehsils in the Khyber District.
While it's challenging to provide an exhaustive segmentation due to the complexity and fluidity
of tribal affiliations compounded by limited documentation, see Annex 1, Tribal Schema of the
ROW.
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5.2.1.1 Gender Disparity in Land Ownership
Women in the Khyber District are disproportionately affected in terms of land ownership due
to the absence of proper documentation, perpetuating a cycle of marginalization. Under the
former tribal system, land ownership was exclusively vested in the male head of the
household, with inheritance rights primarily reserved for male heirs. This systemic bias not
only undermines women's economic autonomy but also hinders their ability to access
resources and participate fully in the socio-economic fabric of their communities.
The Quami Commission (QC), traditionally composed of local elders and maliks appointed by
the local administration, is predominantly male, reflecting Pakhtun cultural norms. To address
concerns about women’s participation, the project will adopt a culturally sensitive strategy to
identify and include suitable female representatives from the area. These representatives will
be individuals who are respected within the community and acceptable to tribal leadership,
ensuring they can effectively participate on behalf of women Project-Affected Persons (PAPs)
to ensure that processes and decisions are responsive to the needs of women.
The Field Implementation Unit (FIU) will oversee this process, ensuring that women’s land
rights are safeguarded effectively. The FIU will also ensure these rights are thoroughly
identified, documented, and upheld. In cases where direct female representation in the QC is
not feasible, the project team will remain committed to meeting World Bank policy
requirements for women’s inclusion and equitable consideration. This commitment includes
incorporating women’s voices and addressing their needs through alternative mechanisms to
ensure their rights and perspectives are represented in all project-related decisions.
5.3 GENDER ASSESSMENT
Consultations were conducted with women in eight villages along the ROW in the districts of
Peshawar and Nowshera during June 2024, resulting in data collection from 151 female
respondents. Efforts were made to engage with females in Sathi Khel, Khyber District
regarding project interventions; however, due to the extreme conservatism within the local
social environment, access was restricted. The female respondents in Peshawar and
Nowshera districts represented both farming and non-farming communities. A structured
questionnaire was used for interviews and data collection, covering a range of topics including
women's roles and responsibilities, decision-making power regarding family size and a
number of children, preference of male children, gender bias towards girl births, women’s
participation in various institutions, gender preferences in education, women’s health issues,
access to and quality of drinking water, authority over asset sale and purchase, financial
control, access to earning opportunities, utilization of earnings and control, male attitudes
towards women, vulnerability, and caregiving, social protection for vulnerable individuals,
gender-based violence (GBV), benefits of the project for women, the project’s impact on
women, and the pressing needs of women.
The details of surveyed villages and participants are summarized below Table 5-10 in the,
while photographs of the female participants are appended in Annexure IX. The scanned
attendance sheets of female participants are provided in Annexure X.
Table 5-10: Name of the Surveyed Villages and Numbers of Female Participants
No. of
Date District Name of Village
Participants(F)
27-06-2024 Peshawar Sangu 30
03-05-2024 Peshawar Tarnab 30
28-02-2024 Peshawar Mera Kachuri, 20
17-6-2023 Peshawar/ Nowshera Tarnab and Jabba 06
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No. of
Date District Name of Village
Participants(F)
14-6-2023 Peshawar Aziz Khan Garhi, Mera Kachori 06
17-6-2023 Peshawar Khankhel Mohallah, Surizai Bala 08
15-6-2023 Peshawar Garhi Mali Khel 15
15-6-2023 Peshawar Mohalla Afridi/Badabair 06
15-6-2023 Peshawar Masho Gagar 06
14-6-2023 Peshawar Mushterzai 10
14-6-2023 Peshawar Ghareebabad 14
Total 151
The analyzed data is tabulated for interpretation and in narrative form with an explanation
deriving a conclusion and recommendation, which are presented in the following sections.
5.3.1 Roles and Responsibilities of Women
During the field assessment, data was collected to ascertain the situation regarding gender
roles and responsibilities in the project area.
In the villages surveyed along the project alignment, women in households are deeply involved
in a wide array of daily activities. These tasks encompass caring for children, cooking meals,
washing clothes, maintaining cleanliness in the house, ironing, fetching water, collecting
fuelwood, and providing care for sick family members. Additionally, they shoulder duties
related to livestock care, such as preparing fodder, milking animals, and overseeing their well-
being. In agriculture pursuits, women actively participate in tasks like sowing seeds, harvesting
crops, and picking vegetables. Their roles are truly multifaceted, involving both domestic
responsibilities and agricultural labor, showcasing the breadth and significance of their
contributions to their families and communities. The findings align with the socio-cultural norms
prevalent in Pakistan, where household responsibilities are typically divided between genders
based on familial preferences. Women are predominantly responsible for domestic chores,
while men are primarily engaged in outdoor activities. Most female respondents highlighted
that due to low income and limited resources, their lives are marked by restlessness, and they
struggle to access nutritious food, resulting in health issues such as joint pain, hypertension,
and skin ailments. This situation highlights the pressing need for project interventions to create
and improve economic opportunities and living conditions.
A significant number of female respondents expressed a deep sense of restlessness in their
lives, largely attributed to their low income and limited access to resources. In their
communities, men are traditionally perceived to be the primary breadwinners, solely
responsible for the entire burden of income generation. However, a substantial portion of these
men either work as laborers in the Middle East or are engaged in low-paying jobs locally due
to limited literacy levels.
Roles and Responsibilities of Women regarding Livestock and Agriculture Management
The findings from the ten selected villages in both districts align with the socio-cultural norms
of the province, i.e., family responsibilities are divided between males and females. Women
are predominantly responsible for overseeing and carrying out most of the housekeeping
activities, while men are primarily engaged either in outdoor tasks or are unemployed- doing
nothing. Women play significant roles in livestock and agriculture management, including but
not limited to caring for animals (i.e., daily care of livestock, including feeding, cleaning, and
ensuring their well-being), breeding management, and healthcare. Women are also engaged
in crop cultivation, planting and harvesting, weeding and pest control, water management, as
well as community and family support.
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5.3.1.1 Decision Making
According to the Pakistan Census Report of 2023, the overall rural population rate stands at
61.18%, with 49% of this pollution attributed to females. In the eight villages surveyed along
the project alignment, with a total population of 209,856, comprising a total of 17,488
households, including 7 women-headed households in the selected villages.
The area is predominantly male dominated, where men wield authority over crucial aspects
such as children's education, marital arrangements, assets transactions, and women’s
employment choices. Women’s involvement in decision-making is notably limited, mainly
confined to select matters like arranging children's marriages and selecting healthcare options.
Due to the low female literacy rates and entrenched patriarchal attitudes, there’s a pervasive
lack of awareness about women's rights among the communities in the project area. Women's
rights are either intentionally or unintentionally disregarded or violated, particularly regarding
their property rights.
It was also observed during the discussion with the women's group at Faqir Village, that
women lack autonomy over their rightful inheritance shares and are dependent on men and
merely treated as beneficiaries. In this societal context, women are often denied their rightful
inheritance, as property ownership is traditionally perceived as the exclusive domain of men.
Consequently, women are discouraged from asserting their property rights, and even if they
do, it is culturally deemed inappropriate. Women are expected to relinquish their inheritance
rights in favor of their brothers and other male family members, leading them to be unjustly
deprived of their property rights. The conservative norms in the area either discourage or do
not allow females to pursue higher education and engage in non-traditional work outside their
homes. Addressing these cultural norms is essential to ensuring gender equality and
promoting women's rights through project interventions.
5.3.1.2 Access to Education and Skill
Education plays an important role in the overall development of a society.
In this regard, the project area lags due to the non-availability of educational and vocational
institutions. Out of a total of 71 contacted women, only nine were literate (12.5%) indicating
that women are not encouraged to pursue education. Three questions were placed in the
questionnaire regarding “Access to Education and Skill”:
• Are there any constraints for girls accessing education? What are the main
constraints?
• Gender preference for sending children to school?
• Are there any vocational centers/schools for girls/women? What kinds of training
courses are available in these vocational centers?
During the field assessment, the data was collected through open-ended questions with
responses recorded in narrative form, reflecting qualitative insights.
The area exhibits characteristics of a typical male-dominant society, with a significant portion
of girls being illiterate in the area, posing a major obstacle to female education. Gender bias
is evident in educational opportunities, with nearly 99 percent of boys attending school while
girls remaining at home.
It was observed that in some of the villages adjacent to urban Peshawar along the project
corridor, higher education facilities and technical training opportunities are available for both
girls and boys. While boys take advantage of these opportunities, girls often remain deprived
due to cultural reasons. Women in the area have requested the availability of these
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opportunities for both their daughters and sons at the village level. This would not only save
money spent on transportation for male students but also enable girls to learn technical skills
and pursue higher education. Some of them expressed a desire for their daughters to receive
higher education for self-awareness and independence.
5.3.1.3 Access to Health Facilities
Health facilities showed a disappointing situation in the area. All the respondents showed their
serious concerns over health facilities. A few questions were put in the questionnaire for female
respondents:
• What kinds of health facilities are available in the area? Do women seek pre-and post-
natal health Consultations and care? If not, what are the main constraints?
• Distance from the nearest health facility in km. (BHU, RHC District Hospital)?
• What are the main health issues for women? Any common water-borne diseases in
the area?
In the villages Khan Khel, Garhi Mali Khel, and Ghareebabad in District Peshawar, access to
healthcare is limited, with only two to three villages having BHUs. Many villages lack health
facilities. Usually, women don’t seek pre- and post-natal healthcare services. Several
constraints hinder access to healthcare for women. Poverty limits their ability to reach distant
health facilities. Additionally, their male partners’ indifference exacerbates the situation, as they
prefer traditional herbal remedies passed down through generations. Most health facilities are
located 25-30 kilometers away from their villages, further impeding access. Common health
issues among women include anxiety, skin diseases, diabetes, hypertension, disabilities, and
chest infections. Waterborne diseases are less prevalent due to the widespread use of piped
water using borehole systems. However, there is a pressing need for female reproductive
health services, including access to gynecologists, and medical specialists. Many people
resort to consulting local dispensaries staffed by unqualified medical staff who rely on steroids
for treatment.
5.3.1.4 Access to Drinking Water
During the field assessment, the data on drinking water and its quality was collected. Three
questions were added to the questionnaire to ascertain the existing situation of drinking water.
The following questions were asked:
• What are the main sources of drinking water?
• What are the key issues of drinking water in the area?
• Do women fetch water in the area? Distance traveled by women (in km) to access
water? Time used in fetching water.
Women are hesitant to fetch water from distant locations, opting instead to access water
through shared pipes connected to neighboring houses with boreholes or hand pumps. As per
the statement of respondents, 57 percent reported the quality of drinking water as good,
whereas 43 percent expressed concerns about its quality. However, independent monitoring
and testing performed during baseline studies revealed that the quality of water is satisfactory.
5.3.1.5 Access to Finance/ Credit
The study of the project area indicated the following situation against the following questions:
• What kind of financial services (such as banking, micro-finance, and savings) are
available to women?
• What kind of challenges/constraints do women face in accessing financial services?
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There was a noticeable absence of a trend where women sought loans. If there is a need of
finance, the male members arrange from different sources including banks. No bank account
was reported by the female respondents as males do not allow for such activities.
5.3.1.6 Access and Control over Resources/Property
The study conducted in the project area indicated the following situation against the questions:
• What are the common trends of women's ownership of land and assets?
• What kind of issues, do women face in access and control over resources/
assets/property?
In most HHs, the management and control of assets and property rest solely with the male
members. Even when legally owned by women, they often face barriers in asserting their
ownership rights and are discouraged from disclosing such information to others. After the
assessment was conducted across eight villages, data was collected to better understand
these local dynamics. Remarkably, all respondents informed that females alone cannot initiate
property transactions, although widowed women are an exception, being granted authority
over their land and property, including the ability to sell it. However, in most cases, males
oversee these transactions or reach an agreement through mutual understanding. For
example, if a male desires to sell a woman’s property for another purpose, he typically involves
her in the process, requesting her to follow through and sign the necessary documents.
5.3.1.7 Access to Income Earning Opportunities
In general, rural women in the districts of Peshawar and Nowshera are not typically engaged
in formal income-generating activities on farms, such as selling produce or receiving payment
in the form of farm goods for their labor. However, in specific villages like Tarnab (Peshawar)
and Jabba (Nowshera), the situation differs. The poorest women or those who own land are
earning income either through farm labor or, in the case of wealthier women landowners, from
the sale of farm produce. Despite this, control over the income generated remains largely in
the hands of the male heads of households, limiting the women’s financial autonomy
During the field assessment and meetings with female respondents, questions were asked
about various aspects, including their sources of income, autonomy in utilizing their earnings
within the household, and their levels of satisfaction regarding their salaries and wages.
Most of the women in the surveyed districts (Peshawar and Nowshera) were not involved in
income-generating activities. However, in Ghareebabad Village of Peshawar District, there
were notable exceptions: one woman served as a government teacher, two worked as private
teachers, one was employed in the government health department, and three were serving at
private health clinics. Interestingly, none of the women were found to be working with NGOs.
In all villages except Ghareebabad), women face restrictions on working outside their home
village. Respondents attribute this limitation to the reluctance of male family members,
particularly young females, due to concerns over low wages and security risks associated with
employment opportunities outside the hometown. Additionally, data collection efforts focused
on identifying potential areas for increasing women’s participation in economic activities.
During the discussion with female respondents, the following key area was identified for
increasing women’s participation.
• Gardening and stitching
• In the education sector (government and private)
• In health sector, public and private sector
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In the villages of Tarnab and Jabba (located in Districts Peshawar and Nowshera) females
expressed a keen interest in participating in the above-mentioned activities to enhance their
skill and increase their participation. However, in most villages, there was a lack of emphasis
on activities aimed at enhancing women’s skills and participation. In the Aziz Khan Garhi
Village, it was stated that men hold the authority to determine the fields in which their female
family members participate.
5.3.1.8 Gender Preference
Data was collected regarding the attitude of husbands and in-laws towards the presence of
more girls in the family. The findings indicated a rigid stance from husbands and in-laws,
favoring the birth of baby boys over baby girls.
5.3.1.9 Women's Participation in Local Forum
The population and sex ratio data suggest a higher number of females compared to males. To
better understand the existing situation regarding women's engagement, participation, and
involvement, most of the respondents highlighted a common sentiment: males typically
prohibit women from participating in the activities.
5.3.2 Vulnerabilities (Elderly, Disabled, Widows and Minorities)
In the villages surveyed, vulnerable women including the elderly, differently abled persons,
and widows live in miserable conditions. Typically, the responsibility for their care falls solely
on a single family member. In poor households, this situation becomes worse. The BISP
aggregated data indicated that in the 13 affected villages, 91 male and 9 female were recorded
as disabled while 48 women were widows in the project area
5.3.3 Gender-Based Violence
Gender-based violence (GBV) in the project area is based on the social, cultural, economic,
and political dynamics. Women communities at eight different villages along the project
alignment have reported that GBV has never been considered violence and it often goes
unreported due to fear, stigma, and societal pressure.
The data collected show very disheartening results. Except for only one case in village Khan
Khel Mohallah, Surizai Bala Village of Peshawar District, where no reports of violence against
women from male counterparts were identified, in most villages, women reported instances of
both physical and mental abuse due to domestic and economic issues. Despite the prevalence
of such occurrences, no complaints against such violence were reported/registered with any
NGO or police within the surveyed districts. Instead, incidents of violence are often silenced,
and serious issues are typically resolved through the traditional Jirga system.
5.3.4 Project Benefits for Women
Women in most of the selected villages stated that the compensation provided by the project
will help them construct new houses that they expect will be better catered to their family
requirements. Some women expressed that they would have the option to construct new
houses in another place or move to areas outside the city where their daughters can also
access better education opportunities, along with their sons who can secure good jobs. It was
also anticipated by the women in these communities that the land compensation could help
them spend money on their children's education, and families can invest the money in income-
generating businesses.
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Women mostly demanded a change in the alignment as they feared potential social
disturbance in their surroundings. They also emphasized that protective measures should be
put in place during project implementation to ensure their mobility is not restricted and their
safety is ensured. The project should not place obstacles that prevent them from going into
their fields. Women expressed apprehensions about increased safety, security, and privacy
risks associated with the presence of external labor during the project’s construction phase.
Regarding benefits, the women respondents hoped the project would assist in the following:
• Educational Facility: There is a need to establish more schools proportional to
population size. Moreover, primary schools should be upgraded to high schools and
colleges, so that the maximum number of children could go to school and college.
• Health Facility: Sufficient and improved medical facilities are not available in the
project area. The females highlighted their concerns that they never get reasonable
treatment from the existing basic health units in the area. No proper medical equipment
is provided to the health institutions. They reported that there is a serious issue of non-
availability of a qualified gynecologist in the existing basic health units. Most cases are
referred to Peshawar resulting in numerous birth complications and imposing
significant financial burdens on the affected individuals.
• Vocational Training Centers: Keeping in view the training needs of the community,
vocational institutions should be established at the Union Council level for easy access
of the female community.
• Drinking Water: Chances of improvement of availability of drinking water for the
locals. Due to the construction of the road, Government water supply will become
easier.
5.3.5 Overall Concerns of women communities about the project:
Women across all villages express concerns about potential social disconnection resulting
from displacement due to construction activities. Given the conservative nature of the region
and the restrictions on women’s movement, there are heightened worries about the influx of
labor from outside the community and its implications for female security. Additionally, women
voice anxieties about the safety of young girls attending school, fearing displacement, and
expressing concerns about health issues, such as respiratory problems, arising from heavy
dust during construction. One local woman greatly affected by the project, is concerned about
her house, constructed just two years ago, which will be demolished for the road construction.
The prospect of losing her home distresses her and her family deeply. The new project
alignment should be considered and try to avoid her structure.
Property ownership in the area is predominantly held by men in these communities, with a few
exceptions such as widows and relatively affluent unmarried women. The communities are
also uneasy about property ownership and associated encroachments, not only for women
but for the entire community. Insufficient legal documentation can lead to various problems,
including the fear of property loss and the potential inability to receive compensation.
The women PAPs are anxious since official property compensation rates often fall below
market rates. This concern significantly affects those dealing with encroachment issues, as
they fear the compensation received will be inadequate for replacing or relocating their
properties. They demanded fair compensation along with other incentives timely to re-
construct their houses in a better condition.
5.3.6 Findings of the Gender Assessment
The gender assessment and consultations with women provided valuable insights,
highlighting several significant concerns summarized as follows:
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Overall, several women respondents expressed serious concerns about the proposed project
alignment. They expressed fears of displacement due to the labor-intensive work and
associated security risks, especially for their daughters. A few women expressed deep
distress, as their newly constructed houses fell directly within the new alignment. They strongly
resisted the idea of demolishing their houses and worried about the potential social
disconnection and the lengthy process of establishing new social bonds. Given their restricted
mobility and adherence to cultural norms, women expressed reluctance to readily engage with
new individuals. Consequently, some women requested alterations to the alignment to
safeguard their newly constructed houses.
The area exhibits a notably low women's literacy rate, with significant decisions predominately
made by men. Women, apart from a few widows heading their households, are often deprived
of property inheritance rights.
The region’s deeply entrenched conservatism regarding women’s roles and rights is evident,
leading to women’s reluctance to participate in group photos during project meetings and
consultations. Consequently, many participants refrained from signing attendance sheets to
avoid revealing their identities to outsiders. Additionally, women highlighted the distressing
prevalence of physical and mental violence within their families.
The project will establish dedicated women’s groups in each of the 13 affected villages to
ensure meaningful consultation, engagement, and understanding of women's needs in relation
to the project’s objectives. In District Khyber, the project will also build on existing women-
focused structures that have been developed by NGOs and INGOs. These established
platforms will be assessed for their suitability, and where appropriate, they will be adopted and
strengthened to align with project requirements.
Members of these women’s groups will receive targeted training to enable their direct or
indirect engagement in various project activities. Additionally, elderly women or men may be
identified as community facilitators to coordinate communication and decision-making
processes. Their role will be pivotal in ensuring a smooth and culturally appropriate flow of
information among male and female stakeholders, fostering inclusivity and collaboration.
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6 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
6.1 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATION
Community participation, consultations, and information disclosure are an integral part of the
involuntary resettlement planning, RAP preparation, and implementation for the project with
LAR impacts. The consultation and the information campaign are essential to justify the
project, explain why resettlement is necessary, provide a preliminary assessment of its
impacts, and disclose the fundamental principles on which the resettlement program will be
designed, the procedures for assessing compensation, and the timetable for any displacement
and relocation.
Impacts on residential structures, mosques, and graveyards created apprehension within the
potential PAPs and surrounding population, making consultations challenging at times. To
ensure the project’s acceptability within local communities, the alignment underwent
rationalization and exploration of three alternate options to minimize adverse social impacts.
Ultimately, the alignment with least impacts and more socially acceptable was chosen for
detailed social surveys. As per WB Involuntary Resettlement Policy OP 4.12, it is imperative
to consult with the PAPs to disclose project interventions. Due to frequent meetings and
consultation, most of the communities agreed on the third option as the preliminary alignment
while demanding fair and timely compensation.
6.2 PURPOSE OF CONSULTATION
The main purpose of the consultation was the:
• Discussion on the proposed alignment with the help of a map.
• Discussion on the length and width of the proposed link road.
• Exchange of views on project impacts.
• Suggestions of PAPs on the proposed design to mitigate adverse impacts in the
design.
• Documentation of PAPs concerns apprehensions on removal of their structures
particularly residential structures.
• Compensation of the affected assets as per World Bank Policy along with other support
and allowances.
6.3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION
Consultations were carried out with the key stakeholders including PAPs, residents, and
different government departments. Consultation with the PAPs was carried out to solicit their
views on proposed project design and implementation and to ensure that it takes into
consideration their concerns in a culturally sensitive manner. In this respect, several
consultative meetings and FGDs were held in the project corridor. These consultations
included representation by notables and maliks of different clans of Afridi including Katia Khel
(Kuki Khel) and Qamber Khel sub-tribes, and their clans as well as with political administration.
The government stakeholders consulted include the Departments of Revenue, Buildings, and
Forest. While consultation with District Administration including Revenue Officials, Assistant
Commissioners, DCs, Pakistan Army, and Frontier Constabulary was conducted over
alignment and its impacts.
During the meetings, the different stakeholders including PAPs and residents shared their
observations, concerns, comments, and recommendations for consideration in the final
design. Suggestions were also received from the community regarding various alignment
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relocation options, and types of assistance offered for the potential impact on land, structure,
and other assets such as agriculture crops, trees, and community assets. The views of the
community and PAPs were documented and have been integrated into the resettlement
measures and strategies outlined in this RAP.
6.4 CONSULTATION WITH MALES
The group consultations were arranged at eight locations with 678 male participants from the
affected communities to record their concerns, suggestions, and priorities. The consultation
was varied during August, September, November 2022 and May & June 2023 and February,
May, June and July 2024. A summary of the schedule and number of participants is provided
in Table 6-1.
Table 6-1: Schedule of Consultation Meetings
Sr.
Date District Village/ Venue No. of Participants Remarks
No.
Combined with
community
July/August PD Office NHA leaders of village
01 Peshawar 08
– 2024 Peshawar Tarnab, Sangu
and Mera
Kachuri.
02 June – 2024 Peshawar Sangu 50
03 May – 2024 Peshawar Tarnab 45
February -
04 Peshawar Mera Kachuri 12
2024
05 May – 2023 Peshawar Masho Khel 40 -
06 May – 2023 Peshawar Masho Khel 25 -
Jirga did not
allow to prepare
07 June – 2023 Peshawar Garhi Mali Khel 70
the attendance
sheet
08 Aug – 2023 Peshawar Surizai 30 -
09 Sep – 2022 Peshawar Satteno 34 -
10 Aug – 2022 Nowshera Jabba 35 -
11 Sep – 2022 Peshawar Tarnab 26 -
Jirga did not
Sathi Khel/Shah
allow to prepare
12 Nov – 2022 Khyber Kass/ 85
the attendance
Nogazi/Sangu
sheet
13 Feb.- 2024 Peshawar Mera Kachuri 15
14 June -2024 Peshawar Sangu 50
15 Aug. - 2024 Peshawar Hurizai 40
16 Peshawar Badaber 53
17 Sept- 2024 Peshawar Mashogagar 60
Total 678
6.4.1 Consultation with Females
Community consultations for the gender assessment were conducted in eight villages, while
community outreach sessions were organized across all 13 villages involved in the project.
Initially, in the village of Maira Kachori, women were unaware of the project. However, after
conducting outreach sessions, they were provided with all the necessary information, including
details about the project's potential impact on women in the area. In contrast, women in the
other villages had already been engaged, and their feedback was collected and incorporated
into the draft RAP document as it was received.
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The female consultation and assessment were also conducted in the field because women
are more vulnerable and face issues in case of relocation of the residential house. In this
regard, a female gender specialist was deployed to conduct consultations and assessment
with female population residing along the proposed alignment. Consultation with 211 female
participants was arranged in the villages along the ROW. The summary is provided in Table
6-2.
Table 6-2: Summary of Consultation Meetings with Female PAPs
No. of Participants
Date District Name of Village
(Female)
27-06-2024 Peshawar Sangu 30
03-05-2024 Peshawar Tarnab 30
28-02-2024 Peshawar Mera Kachuri, 20
Peshawar/
17-6-2023 Tarnab and Jabba 06
Nowshera
14-6-2023 Peshawar Aziz Khan Garhi, Mera Kachori 06
17-6-2023 Peshawar Khankhel Mohallah, Surizai Bala 08
15-6-2023 Peshawar Garhi Mali Khel 15
15-6-2023 Peshawar Mohalla Afridi/Badabair 06
15-6-2023 Peshawar Masho Gagar 06
14-6-2023 Peshawar Mushterzai 10
14-6-2023 Peshawar Ghareebabad 14
28-2- 2024 Peshawar Mera Kachuri 17
27-6-2024 Peshawar Sangu 23
6-8-2024 Peshawar Hurizai 20
Total 211
The summary of concerns raised by the female participants is given below:
Question Answer
The females inquired about the project details. The project was described in detail to the female
participants.
What is the route alignment of the road? The females were shown the route alignment of
the SLR Project on the map.
Some of the participants showed their concern Yes, it is inevitable, however, the affected
that the road passes through their houses. household will be compensated on the market
rates.
Will the compensation of the affected structures Yes
be paid before relocation?
Would we be able to reconstruct the new house Yes. The compensation will be paid fairly.
with compensation?
Is there any opportunity for a female job? Yes, at the camp house, there are certain
positions where females can provide their
services like laundry, kitchen, and cleaning.
What about land compensation? The male will The amount of land compensation will be paid to
receive and use it as they wish. the female landowner through a crossed
voucher/cheque and not to her husband or any
other family member.
Is it mandatory that the woman PAP will go to No, if there is any issue with going to the revenue
the revenue office to receive the land office, she can authorize any family member to
compensation cheque? receive the compensation cheque.
There will be a relocation issue as there is no The project will pay only for the affected structure
place for a new house? and not land for land.
The issue of social mobility and security during A strict check and balance will be there to
the construction period!!! maintain female privacy and protection.
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The summary of the different stakeholders consulted is given below in Table 6-3.
Table 6-3: Consultation with Stakeholders and their Participants
Sr. No. of
Types of Meetings/Consultations
# Participants
1. PAPs of residential structure (Individual) 252
2. PAPs of commercial structure (Individual) 8
3. Consultation (In group 8 meetings) along the alignment in different mouzas 460
4. Consultations with Women for Gender Assessment (in 11 mouza) 151
5. Village profile meetings (in 14 mouza) 124
Total Participants 955
The details are provided in the following sections.
6.4.2 Findings of the Consultation
The concerns and issues raised were almost the same of the PAPs and residents and they
highlighted the issues to consider the different alignment options to minimize the IR impacts
on local communities. This concern was addressed, the three different alignment options were
studied, and the finalized option was adopted with the consent of the local communities.
During the consultation process, most of the participants of the meetings refused to sign the
attendance sheets, however, few agreed and signed the attendance sheet. A total of 12
consultation sessions were organized including men and women in the villages located along
the proposed SLR alignment. The scanned copy of the attendance sheet of the participants
with their photographs is attached as Annexure-IX. The questions raised during these
consultation sessions and their responses are reflected below in Table 6-4:
Table 6-4: Questions Raised and their Responses
Question Answer
Participants asked for Identification of ROW. The ROW of the proposed alignment was shown
on the map to the participants.
Is the alignment finalized? This is not the final alignment. It will be finalized
by the contractor before the start of construction.
However, it has been selected in a way that
causes minimum IR impacts.
When will the project construction start? The design team is working to prepare a detailed
design. After the finalization of the detailed
design, the construction will get started.
However, it may take a year to start its
construction.
Is the project approved? Yes, the project is approved but it is at the
preparation stage.
What are the major project impacts? The construction of the project will impact the
residential houses, land, trees, crops, etc.
What about the land compensation? The affected landowners will be compensated for
the market rates of land prevailing in the project
area.
Which rates will be adopted for compensation of Market rates will be adopted for compensation for
land, trees, and structures? lost assets. Land compensation will be estimated
by the Revenue Department, structures by the
Buildings Department, trees and crops by the
Agriculture/Horticulture Department, and non-fruit
trees will be by the Forest Department for fair
compensation.
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Question Answer
The PAPs enquired what would be the other The project will provide different types of
benefits along with land and assets allowances like transportation, vulnerable, and
compensation. livelihoods allowance based on minimum wage
for the year 2024-25 officially announced by the
KP Government in the budget book 2024-2025 @
PKR ……….. per month to restore your livelihood
and socio-economic condition.
Is there a possibility to change alignment to In the start, graveyards were falling within the
avoid residences and religious structures of ROW. The issue was discussed with the NHA
mosques and sensitive sites like graveyards? and the design consultants. Now, all the
graveyards have been avoided.
Few mosques may be under project impact;
however, these mosques will be rebuilt by the
mosque committee at a suitable place with the
consultation of the locals.
We want to meet the Project Director to avoid You can meet the PD to register your issues/
adverse project impacts, how could we do this? complaints. Shared with the participants the
address of the Project Director, Peshawar.
The women inquired that is there any chance to Maximum efforts will be made to avoid the
avoid their houses. relocation of the houses. However, in case the
relocation is unavoidable, PAPs will be
compensated at the market rates.
By avoiding graveyards, many houses near Yes, due to the change in certain sections of the
these graveyards may also be safe. alignment graveyards, and the houses near those
graveyards are also saved and have been
avoided from relocation.
The Community of Surizai Payan inquired that a There is a policy to reconstruct and relocate the
school is under project impact. What is the school to a proper and safe place with the
policy to rebuild the school, so that the consultation of parents and the community. The
education of the children should not suffer? project will pay compensation through the
education department.
The women asked that the land for new houses The department will try, however, if the land is
be provided by the Government. not available, the cash compensation of the
affected house and land will be paid to the PAPs.
The PAP can arrange a new site of living as per
his own choice and requirement.
Agree or disagree with the proposed project? After avoiding graveyards, the locals are satisfied
with the present alignment. However, due to the
impact on residential structures, they demanded
that they must be compensated properly and
fairly at the market rates, then they will not have
any objection to the alignment.
Consultation with PAPs at Nogazi Consultation with PAPs at Garhi Mali Khel
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Consultation with PAPs near Ghareebabad Consultation with PAPs at Jabba
A part of Nuclear Institute of Food and
NIFA Officials are visiting the area under
Agriculture (NIFA) under project Impact,
Project impact
Peshawar
6.5 CONSULTATION WITH PAPS DURING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
The NHA through its consultants will conduct meaningful consultation with PAPs and other
affected groups throughout the project lifecycle. Consultation proceedings will be properly
documented. The essential documents will include the date, location, a list of the key issues
raised by the participants, agreed actions, photographic records, and list(s) of participants.
The minutes of the consultations, together with scanned sign-in sheets of the participants will
be included in the monthly and quarterly reports and the RAP. The data will be disaggregated
by gender, with the key information recorded at the top of the minutes, stating the number of
participants, the number of men, and the number of female participants.
6.6 RAP DISCLOSURE PLAN
The primary objective of the disclosure of this Preliminary RAP is to inform and continually
update about the project and to engage, seek, and maintain active participation and support
of PAPs, local communities, and their representatives throughout the various stages (appraisal,
planning, implementation, follow up, monitoring and evaluation) of the project. Specific
objectives include the following:
1) To inform the PAPs and other stakeholders about LAR activities and discuss the
nature and scale of adverse and beneficial socio-economic impacts of the project on
their livelihoods more transparently and directly and seek their active participation in the
project cycle; and
2) To give PAPs and other members of affected communities a chance to raise their
concerns and express their views in the planning and implementation of the Project that
affects them directly.
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The summary of the Preliminary RAP will be disclosed to PAPs in the form of an Urdu language
booklet that will serve to inform PAPs about key aspects of the compensation and entitlements
established for the SLR project and the implementation and monitoring mechanisms that will
ensure transparent and fair execution of these aspects.
The information booklet will be prepared and distributed by the NHA for availability at easily
accessible local places, like administration offices, girls school, and mosques The summary
RAP in Urdu and the full Report in English will also be posted on the NHA website and on the
World Bank website.
The Preliminary RAP will be updated after the alignment is finalized by the Contractor. This
will also include updating of final impacts inventory and compensation costs. The final RAP
will be endorsed by the NHA for the World Bank’s review and approval. After approval by the
World Bank, the final RAP will also be uploaded on NHA and WB websites while hard copies
of the approved RAP will be placed in relevant government departments and locally at easily
accessible places.
Finally, the NHA will keep the PAPs informed about the implementation process of this RAP and
will continue the consultation process to ensure that the PAPs can give proper feedback on the
implementation of the compensation and rehabilitation program.
The main consultation activities while implementing the RAP will be during:
1) Updating, implementation, and monitoring of land acquisition and resettlement plan.
2) Updating the census of PAPs by type, category, and severance and preparation of
compensation packages based on agreed unit rates and entitlements criterion.
3) Distribution of the notices to the entitled PAPs regarding their payment of
compensation.
4) Facilitation to PAPs in the completion of necessary documentation to receive their
entitled payments.
5) Guiding the submission of their requests for compensation as per eligibility &
entitlement.
6) Payment of compensation.
7) Facilitation to the PAPs to put their complaints (if any) in front of GRC; and
8) Internal and external monitoring.
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GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM)
7 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM)
7.1 INTRODUCTION
The KPEC Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has been designed to provide a timely,
responsive, and effective system of resolving community or individual grievances related to
the KPEC project. It is a multi-tiered process starting at the village level and ending at the PMU
level. The multi-stage process will ensure that all stakeholders are involved in finding solutions
to the grievances raised by the communities affected by the project. The GRM has also
integrated online system, easily accessible by all the stakeholders and complaints can be
lodged through website (http//grm.kpec.org.pk, Facebook, twitter, drop box and in person).
The GRM will help the Project management team to effectively collect and respond to key
stakeholders’ inquiries, suggestions, concerns, and complaints which, if left unresolved, may
cause delays in project implementation, and prevent the delivery of project benefits.
7.2 WHY GRM FOR THE KPEC PROJECT
The World Bank requires that all projects funded by the Bank have a complaint handling
system in place. A GRM provides a predictable, transparent, and credible process to all
parties, resulting in outcomes that are seen as fair, effective, and lasting. In the absence of a
project specific GRM, PAPs will seek solutions to their grievances through other redress
avenues that exist outside the project such as the existing judicial system or public
administration. Engagement of such external problem-solving systems could lead to a lengthy
process and not all PAPs will have ease of access and capacity to approach the external
systems.
PAPs need quick relief for their problems, particularly when projects are likely to cause
property loss and displacement which could push PAPs into a state of high vulnerability,
insecurity, and impoverishment. The lack of establishment of GRM and its poor access or
effeteness could also create hostility from the depriving PAPs toward the project that might
hamper the smooth implementation of the project and its related activities and dampen its
overall accomplishments. Delays in project implementation will increase government
expenditures such as compensation to contractors for loss of work, and staff maintenance.
Project delays can also affect the reputation of the implementing agencies.
7.3 PURPOSE OF GRM
The purpose of the GRM is to outline KPEC’s approach for accepting, assessing, resolving,
and monitoring grievances from those affected by the i project and sub-project activities. If well
handled, an effective feedback and grievance mechanism can help foster positive
relationships and build trust with stakeholders. This GRM has been designed to promote
dialogue, patient hearing to the PAPs, and problem solving as an intermediate way for
stakeholders to discuss and resolve problems.
The KPEC GRM has the following specific objectives:
• To be responsive to the needs of the complainants, who may also be project
beneficiaries, by providing a channel for feedback and resolving grievances and
disputes at various levels (Village, Tehsil, and District) in the project area;
• To provide an opportunity for the aggrieved party and the project implementers to
resolve disputes in a short time before they escalate;
• To facilitate effective communication between the project and the affected parties;
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• To enhance the project’s legitimacy among stakeholders by resolving complaints,
promoting transparency and accountability, deterring fraud and corruption by referring
these to appropriate GRM; and
• To provide a platform that can ensure compliance with applicable World Bank policies
and GoP and GoKP laws, policies, and regulations while respecting prevailing tribal
norms in the project area.
7.4 SCOPE
The scope of grievances to be addressed by KPEC GRM will be as provided in the Project
Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and Resettlement Policy
Framework (RPF) to address potential grievances and disputes that arise during the
implementation of the project components and sub-projects.
A complaint or grievance is an issue, concern, problem, or claim (perceived or actual) that an
individual stakeholder or community group has related to KPEC activities. The GRM can be
used by parties or stakeholders living in the target areas or those that have a stake in the
targeted areas that might have been inadvertently affected by the project activities and/or
outcomes.
The mechanism does not impede access to judicial or administrative resolutions. This GRM
will not address employee’s grievances as other channels will exist to address such.
7.5 GRM JURISDICTION
This is a project specific GRM and applicable to solve the concerns of the stakeholders of the
Project. The GRM will cover the KPEC operational areas of District Khyber, Peshawar, and
Nowshera and will focus on specific activities financed under the Project.
7.6 POTENTIAL GRIEVANCES
The PD’s office will be proactive in addressing grievances by ensuring adequate stakeholder
participation and consultation during the project processes. The Project’s ESMF, the RPF, and
the RAP are the guiding documents for addressing environmental and social safeguards and
guide anticipated grievances. The potential conflicts or grievances within or between affected
communities will need to be resolved. The ESMF describes potential grievances that relate to
access to natural resources, access to project benefits, and resettlement issues that may arise
during project implementation. The RPF and RAP are mainly concerned with measures to be
undertaken where involuntary resettlement may arise and where restrictions to access natural
resources in the project areas will arise.
The KPEC GRM shall deal with project-specific grievances and disputes such as the following
(examples only):
• Inventory errors made during census survey as well as inadequate valuation of
properties;
• Errors related to identification and disagreements on boundaries between affected
individual(s) and specifying their land parcels and associated development;
• Disagreements on plot/ asset valuation;
• Where the affected individual(s) opt for a settlement-based option and there is
disagreement on the settlement package;
• Delayed Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) and compensation payment support.
• Traffic problems related to project activities;
• Construction site-related complaints, i.e. noise, dust, labor influx;
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• Issues related to communities that are related to affected persons including
compensation, R&R assistance, the loss of assets, livelihoods, and access rights; and
• GBV and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) related
complaints (these will be referred to and treated by a separate GBV/SEA GRM in
accordance with specific protocols).
7.7 GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL
Grievances cannot be avoided entirely, but much can be done to reduce them to manageable
numbers and reduce their harmful impacts on the project implementation. The Project team
should be aware and accept that grievances do occur and that dealing with them is part of
their work. NHA and SDU as Implementing Agencies (IAs) will do the following:
7.7.1 Create Awareness
The project will publicize the GRM in local or Urdu Language to all those who may wish to
access it and provide adequate assistance for aggrieved parties who may face barriers of
access, including language, literacy, awareness, distance, or fear of reprisal. All PAPs will be
informed of their rights to raise grievances about KPEC. Pamphlets, banners, posters will be
circulated and posted at key project sites/offices and at public facilities. The KPEC
Implementing Agencies (IAs) (NHA and SDU) websites will also feature the GRM.
7.7.2 Provide sufficient and timely information to communities
Many grievances arise because of misunderstandings, lack of information or due to delayed,
inconsistent and insufficient information. Accurate and adequate information about the project
and its activities, plus an approximate implementation schedule, will be communicated to the
communities, especially APs, regularly. Appropriate communication channels and means of
communication will be used to ensure that relevant information (whether positive or negative)
about social and environmental safeguard issues is made available in a timely manner, in all
villages, union councils office and Tehsil HQs in Pushto and Urdu to affected people.
7.7.3 Conduct meaningful community consultations
The PIU will continue the process of consultation and dialogue throughout the implementation
of the Project. Information, reporting on project progress, providing community members with
an opportunity to express their concerns, clarifying, and responding to their issues, eliciting
communities' views, and receiving feedback on interventions will benefit the communities and
the project management.
The field-level staff and contractor employees will be provided with adequate information on
the project such as project design, activities, implementing schedules, and institutional
arrangements. Staff skills will be enhanced in effective communication, understanding
community culture, dynamics and processes, negotiation, and conflict resolution. Building trust
and maintaining good rapport with the communities by providing relevant information on the
project and responding effectively to the needs and concerns of the community members will
help solve issues before they become grievances. It is also important that the field-level staff
provide regular feedback on their interactions with the communities to the higher levels of the
implementing agencies. Overall, good management of a project will also contribute to
minimizing complaints.
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7.8 GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF GRM
7.8.1 GRM Principles
The proposed Project GRM will address any complaints and grievances arising during the
entire implementation period of the project. Members of the communities may perceive risks
to themselves or their property or have concerns about the environmental and social
performance of the project. Any concerns or grievances should be addressed quickly and
transparently and without retribution to the Complainant. This GRM will be guided by the
following principles:
• Simplicity and accessibility: Procedures to file complaints and seek redress will be
simple and easy to understand and grievances may be submitted through a range of
means. All people in the target communities must have unrestricted access to the
GRM. The affected persons shall be kept informed at each stage of the process as
prescribed in the KPEC Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF).
• Equity and Inclusivity: No complaint is too big or small. All complainants regardless
of their social standing, gender, ethnicity, age, political affiliation, religious affiliation will
be given the opportunity to approach the GRM without prejudice.
• Broad representation: The KPEC GRM will allow for broad representation of any
consultative body, including youth, women, and marginalized and vulnerable groups.
Its design mustn't entrench existing power structures.
• Gender sensitivity: The design of the GRM will ensure that women and children have
a safe means to air grievances. The project will be responsive to the needs of women
including their complaints and grievances. A separate GBV GRM will respond to
incidents of GBV and SEA that are reported.
• Transparency and Accountability: Members of the community or aggrieved parties
have the right to information on the grievance mechanism, how to access it, who is
responsible for handling their complaints and the potential outcome of the processes.
The GRM system will be publicized to a broad audience at all levels (from village to
District level) and to various actors (beneficiaries, public, CSOs, media, government
officials).
• Timeliness: All complaints received will be treated with the urgency and the attention
they deserve. Minimum response times are included in these guidelines to ensure
grievances are handled promptly.
• Right of appeal: The channels for appeal to the existing administrative and judicial
systems will remain available if complainants are not satisfied with the resolution
offered by GRM.
7.8.2 Eligibility
A complaint is considered valid and will be processed by the GRM whenever:
• It relates to an ongoing KPEC-financed sub-project;
• It is filed by project-affected individuals and/or communities, or their representatives,
who believe that they are or may be directly and adversely affected by the project;
• The complainant is not a directly affected/beneficiary of the project, but the subject of
the complaint affects him/her or their community;
• Complaints with inadequate details will not be rejected for lack of information; the
project will seek additional information from the Complainant/s and then decide on
eligibility.
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7.8.3 Exclusions
The following types of complaints shall not be taken into consideration:
• Frivolous issues that are unrelated to the Project;
• Cases involving decisions/policy matters in which the complainant has not been
affected directly/indirectly;
• Cases where quasi-judicial procedures are prescribed for deciding matters or cases
that are sub judice;
• A grievance that has already been disposed of by the GRM unless new evidence is
submitted; and
• Complaints about corruption should be lodged and dealt with separately from this
system.
7.9 RESPONSIBILITIES OF GRIEVANCES REDRESS
Responsibilities related to the handling of the grievance redress rest with the PD, Deputy PD,
Social and Resettlement Specialist/s, and Social Mobilizers. Other Project officials,
consultants, and Contractor/s will play a role in grievance redress. At each Tier of the GRM, a
Grievance Officer would be designated who will manage the Grievance Redress process. The
core responsibilities of these key personnel are as follows:
7.9.1 Project Director
The PD role in grievance redress will be to:
• Notify and establish GRM at Tehsil and village levels before the commencement of
project activities to resolve issues;
• Provide oversight and chair the GR Committee at the PMU level;
• Provide necessary funds and assign staff to facilitate GRM operations;
• Coordinate the functions of GRM with external authorities, if required;
• Address appeals from APs on grievances related to land acquisition and
compensation through GRC at PMU level;
• Refer to technical experts to conduct necessary assessments of damage to property,
livelihood, and environment;
• Get contractors to pay compensation for damage and loss of property and livelihood
caused during construction activity; and
• Approve capacity-building training for GRC members, staff, and contractors.
7.9.2 Social and Resettlement Specialist/s
The responsibilities of Social and Resettlement Specialist as a Grievance Redress Officer
(GRO)/Secretary at the PIU and PMU level will be to:
• Act as the GRO/secretary on Grievance Redress issues at the Project
Implementation Unit (PIU) and PMU, NHA;
• Record, register, and sort grievances to determine eligibility and maintain grievance-
related reports with support from the Project Monitoring & Evaluation Unit;
• Document the GRC proceedings, and decisions, and inform Complainant;
• Liaise with the GRC chairperson and provide him/her support in resolving
grievances;
• Assist Project M&E in maintaining a GRM database on the status of grievance
handling;
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• Monitor the project activities of contractors and consultants on the redress of
grievances; and
• Prepare monthly/quarterly progress reports on grievance handling and report the
progress to PMU and the World Bank.
7.9.3 Social Mobilizer
The responsibilities of Supervision Consultant’s Social Mobilizers (Male and Female) as a
GRO/Secretary at the village level will be to:
• Function as the GRO to the GRC at the Village level;
• Liaise with the environment and social teams for grievance handling and redress;
• Create awareness of the GRM amongst all the stakeholders through public
awareness activities;
• Record, register, and sort grievances at the village level;
• Conduct an initial assessment of grievances and field investigation at the village
level;
• Monitor the progress of grievance handling by contractors;
• Refer grievances to PIU that are not resolved at the village level; and
• Reporting the progress of grievance handling to PIU and PMU.
7.10 IMPLEMENTATION STEPS FOR THE GRM
The GRM Value Chain depicted in Figure 7-1 outlines the 6 steps that are necessary to have
a functional and effective GRM in place. These include (i) uptake, (ii) sort and process, (iii)
acknowledge and follow up, (iv) verify, investigate, and act, (v) monitor and evaluate, and (vi)
provide feedback (to the GRM user). This is a useful framework for analyzing project-level
GRMs.
Figure 7-1: GRM Value Chain
7.10.1 Step 1: Uptake (locations and channels)
A GRM should be located as close to the people as possible to be accessible to the PAPs
including vulnerable groups. Project stakeholders and PAPs will be able to use a variety of
channels to access GRM. It is important to identify and make provisions for different means of
entry into the grievance redress process, as it helps to increase the access of APs to the GRM.
The channels of presenting complaints could include presentation of complaints through
community representatives/Jirga members, face-to-face meetings, phone, WhatsApp, and
email communications, written complaints, etc. Complaints can be submitted by mail or by
hand delivery to the Project office directly. Form of application procedure and process is
provided in Annexure XV.
1. By Phone: Village Level: XXXXXX PIU: XXXXXX PMU Level: XXXXX4
2. By email: PIU: XXXXXX PMU: XXXXX
4
The phone numbers and addresses will be added to the Preliminary RAP when the RAP is updated to ensure accuracy of
provided information.
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3. By Post: PIU: XXXXXX PMU Level: XXXXX
4. In person: PIU: XXXXXX PMU Level: XXXXX
5. Complaints/ suggestion box which will be placed on-site at suitable places.
6. A tab on the NHA and SDU website for those who choose to submit online.
7. Links: Facebook Link: XXXX Twitter handle XXXXX
7.10.2 Step 3: Acknowledgement and follow-up
Receipt of grievances will be acknowledged as soon as possible and not later than 48 hours
in writing. A reference number will be assigned to each complaint for tracking purposes. All
grievances will be recorded in a complaint register which includes a reference number, date
of the complaint, name of the complainant/s, gender, national identification number/s (if
available), address of the complainant/s and summary of the complaint. Confidentiality will be
provided if sought by the Complainants. All complaints will be tracked through a reference
number, which will be communicated to the Complainant. In case grievance is assessed to be
out of the scope of the GRM, the complainant will be informed in writing and the reasons stated
therein.
Within seven (7) days of the date a complaint is submitted, the GRO will communicate with
the complainant and provide information on the likely course of action and the anticipated
timeframe for resolution of the complaint. If complaints are not resolved within 15 days, the
GRO will provide an update about the status of the complaint/question to the complainant and
record the status with a date.
Figure 7-2: GRM Flow Chart
Once the grievance is received and recorded, the Tier 1 GRO shall identify the project
personnel or contractor responsible for resolving the grievance. The department concerned
will undertake an enquiry into the specifics of the grievance. Depending on the sensitivity of
the issue, a site inspection can be undertaken to check the validity and severity of grievance.
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For this purpose, the department concerned will also undertake discussions with the aggrieved
concerned and external stakeholders.
Based on the case investigation, the Chairperson of the Tier 1 GRC, in consultation with
relevant departments and GRC, shall identify a suitable resolution to the issue. In case the
issue is beyond the purview of the Tier 1 GRC, it should be escalated to the Tier 2 Tehsil Level
GRC. If, however, the Tehsil level is not able to identify an adequate resolution for the
grievance, the Complainant may choose to escalate the grievance to the PMU (Tier 3)
Grievance Redress Committee (GRC). The Tier 3 GRC will resolve the grievance within 30
working days.
The KPEC will ensure that its GRM is neutral, and that its officials do not have a stake in the
outcome of the investigation. Once the grievance is resolved and the same has been
communicated to the complainant, the grievance shall be duly documented and closed in the
grievance register with the approval of the Chairperson of a specific Tier of the GRM. At the
end of the field investigation, the Grievance Officer will compile a Grievance Investigation
Report (GIR) using a standard template (Annex XII) to document the outcome of the
investigation and final resolution. These instances shall then serve as references for any future
grievances of a similar nature.
7.10.3 Step 4: Monitoring and evaluation
Monitoring and evaluation are critical to the success of any GRM. Monitoring refers to the
process of tracking grievances and assessing the extent to which progress is being made to
resolve them. This will be accomplished by maintaining the grievance register and records of
all steps taken to resolve grievances or otherwise respond to feedback and questions. The
Project’s M&E Section will design a simple GRM Management Information System (MIS). This
can be easy-to-use, Excel - based grievance registration and monitoring database in
consultation with the GRO. The M&E Section will regularly review and update the
Complaint/Grievance Register on a weekly basis to indicate resolved (closed-out) and
unresolved cases, those pending with the Grievance Committee or other forums i.e. courts,
tribunal etc.
The project monitoring and evaluation information system will also include indicators to
measure grievance monitoring and resolution. These grievance redress indicators will be
incorporated into project results frameworks. An effective GRM will allow projects to potentially
address up to three of the proposed indicators: (i) grievances registered related to delivery of
project benefits that are addressed in number and (%); (ii) grievances responded to and/or
resolved within the stipulated service standards in number and (%); and (iii) project-supported
organization(s) publishing periodic reports on GRM and how issues were resolved [including
resolution rates] (Yes/No).
Monitoring will be conducted by the PMU M&E Section using performance indicators, which
will be presented on two different outputs: participation and effectiveness every 3 months
(quarterly). For transparency, stakeholders will have an opportunity to track grievances as well.
The PMU will monthly basis prepare a report and a list of existing and new grievances and
share on its website and with stakeholders at all levels. The complaint, region/area and status
of grievance handling will be made public. The PMU will prepare a monthly Report on the
Grievance Redress issues of the Project in addition to reports. The GRC may review the nature
of grievances represented and if grievances are repeated, recommend suitable changes in
implementation procedures, and recommend these to the PD for consideration.
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7.10.4 Step 5 Providing Feedback
This step involves informing the Complainants on how the complaint was resolved.
Complainants will be informed of the proposed resolution in writing and if need be, the same
can be explained over the telephone or in person. If the complainant is not satisfied with the
resolution, he or she will be informed of further options, which would include pursuing
remedies through the World Bank, as described below, or through avenues afforded by
Pakistan’s legal system.
The written response will clearly outline the course of action of the project that has been
undertaken to redress the grievances and the specific terminal date by which the
recommended remedies shall be completed. Potential actions will include responding to a
query or comment, providing users with a status update, and referring the grievance to another
level of the system for further action. The project will take some action on every grievance and
shall even give a hearing to the complainant who has filed an irrelevant complaint before
formally closing it. The Affected Person shall provide a written response, agreeing or
disagreeing with the proposed course of action within a minimum reasonable period after
receiving the recommended actions.
The GRO, with assistance from the M&E Section, will ensure that the status of all
complaints/grievances is kept current and will brief the PD primarily on a monthly basis or
more frequently on a need basis on the status of all current complaints/grievances. On a
monthly basis, the Grievance Officer and M&E Section will produce a summary status report
that defines trends in the types of complaints and will send this report to the PD and other
relevant officials of the Project. A bi-annual Gender-disaggregated qualitative review of a
sample of complaints processed (ensuring variation such as type of complaint, resolution
status, etc.) will also be undertaken to analyze the efficacy of the system. Regular monitoring
of the grievance mechanism and its outcomes, particularly of trends and patterns, will be
critical to the identification of systemic problems and the adoption of solutions accordingly.
7.11 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM STRUCTURE
A three-tier redress structure is planned to address all complaints in the Project. The KPEC
Component-2 will have separate GRCs at Tier 1 and Tier 2 in all three districts. Tier 3 (PMU
NHA) of Component-2 will serve SLR interventions. For Component 2, Tier 3 GRC will be
established at PMU SDU.
Table 7-1: Composition, Roles and Timeframe for Grievance Close Out at each Level
Timeframe
Secretary/ Frequency
Level Chair Members for Close-
GRO of Meeting
out
Tier 1- Assistant Social • Community Weekly 10 days
Village Director NHA Mobilizer Representative
Level • Social Organizer
Male
• Social Organizer
Female
• Contractor
representative
• Design &
Supervision
Consultant
(E&S)
• Special Invitees
(by invitation)
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Timeframe
Secretary/ Frequency
Level Chair Members for Close-
GRO of Meeting
out
Tier 2- Assistant Social and • Community Weekly 21 days
Tehsil Commissioner Resettlement Representative
Level Specialist • Social &
Resettlement
Specialist
• Gender
Specialist
• Environment
Specialist
• Contractor
representative
• Deputy Director
NHA
• Design &
Supervision
Consultant
• Special Invitees
(by invitation)
Tier 3- Project Director Social & • Project Director Bi-Monthly 30 days
PMU Resettlement KPEC
Specialist • DPD
• Deputy Director
(Land/RS) NHA
• Social &
Resettlement
Specialist-PIU
• Environment
Specialist PIU
• Gender
Specialist PIU
• Resident
Engineer –
Design and
Supervision
Consultants
• Environment &
Social Specialist
Contractor
representative
• GBV/SEA
Service provider
Representative
• Any other
member Special
Invitees (by
invitation)
7.11.1 First Tier - Village Grievance Redress Committee
Complaints can be received at village/community levels. The concerns of the Complainant will
be examined at the village level through the involvement of the Affected Persons Committees
(APCs), formed at the village level. The Social Mobilizers (male & female) will, act as focal
persons to get the grievances recorded, investigated and discussed during APC meetings;
facilitate the APs to Project issues in accordance with provisions of the RAP and ESMPs and
coordinate with the GRC and to ensure that the APs recommendations will be implemented,
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and the grievances are addressed accordingly. If the grievance is not resolved at the village
level it shall be raised at the Tehsil level. A Village level Grievance Redress Committee will
comprise:
• Assistant Director NHA, Chair
• Social Mobilizers (Male and Female).
• A representative from APC
• A representative from the Contractor.
• Design & Supervision Consultant (E&S).
• Special Invitees (by invitation)
Functions and key responsibilities of Village level Tier 1 GRC:
• Organize weekly meetings with the PAPs who have grievances to redress them;
• Ensure that follow-up actions in response to grievances are taken within an agreed
timeframe. Report on outstanding/resolved grievances on a weekly basis to the Project
Authority particularly serious cases;
• Coordinate through GRC-PIU & PMU with Government departments, at district,
provincial and civil society organizations to resolve the grievances of the local
communities;
• Ensure the availability of grievance registration forms (in Urdu & Pashtu) in the project
area; and
• Decision to be taken within 10 days of receipt of complaint.
In addition, the Village GRC will ensure that those issues that cannot be solved at the Village
level are elevated to the GRC established under the chairmanship of the Assistant
Commissioner at the Tehsil level. The complainant may also request that the issue be
transferred to the next level if he or she feels it is not being addressed.
7.11.2 Second Tier - Tehsil Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)
If a grievance is not resolved at the Village Level, the Village GRC will elevate it to the PIU
level established under the chairmanship of Assistant Commissioner at each Tehsil level.
social mobilizers will be responsible for providing the required feedback to the Deputy Director
and Social and Resettlement Specialist regarding the complaints and efforts made at Village
Level to resolve the issue.
The GRC at Tehsil level will comprise:
1. Assistant Commissioner, Chair
2. Deputy Project Director NHA
3. Deputy Director (Land/RS) Project
4. Social and Resettlement Specialist, Secretary of the Committee
5. Environment Specialist
6. Gender Specialist
7. Environmental & Social Specialist- Construction Contractor
8. A Representative from APC
9. Special Invitees (by invitation)
Following the preliminary assessment, the AC will investigate the complaint through Social
and Resettlement Specialist, which will share its facts finding report with AC in 15 days of
receipt of complaint. After receipt of the fact-finding report, within the next 7 days the AC will
convene its meeting with other members as provided above. However, if the complainant/
aggrieved persons are not satisfied with Tehsil GRC decision or if there are delays in
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resolution, the complainant can request the Committee to elevate the complaint to Tier 3 PMU
GRC headed by the Project Director, PMU.
Functions and Key Responsibilities of Tehsil level GRC are:
• Conduct bi-monthly meetings to address grievances not resolved at the village level;
• Ensure that handling of grievances is in accordance with national laws and the World
Bank procedures;
• Ensure that follow-up actions in response to grievances are taken within an agreed
timeframe;
• Maintain a database of all registered grievances, along with details on the nature of
the issues raised, the case history and actions taken;
• Report on outstanding/resolved grievances on a weekly basis to the chair particularly
serious cases;
• Coordinate with Government departments, at district, provincial and national levels and
civil society organizations to resolve the grievances of the local communities;
• Ensure the availability of grievance registration forms (in Urdu & Pashtu) in the project
area; and
• Coordinate with community representatives on the efficacy and usefulness of
grievance redress procedures and recommend changes, if any are required.
7.11.3 Third Tier of Redress - Project Management Unit (PMU)
If the complainant is not satisfied and the issue is not resolved at the Tehsil level, then the
Social and Resettlement Specialist will forward the complaint to PMU for remedial measures
and decisions/grievance (s) will be resolved accordingly. The PMU will be based at Peshawar
and will be headed by the Project Director, KPEC. The PMU-level grievance committee will
comprise the following members.
• Project Director KPEC
• DPD
• Deputy Director (Land/RS) NHA
• Social & Resettlement Specialist-PIU
• Environment Specialist PIU
• Gender Specialist PIU
• Resident Engineer – Design and Supervision Consultants
• Environment & Social Specialist Contractor representative
• GBV/SEA Service provider Representative
Any other member Special Invitees (by invitation)
Upon receipt of the complaint, the PMU will review the record and call the
complaint/complainants to hear and record their concerns and initiate any further
investigations (if required) for resolution of the complaint.
The PMU will decide regarding the complaint and inform the aggrieved person, PIU, and
Village GRC, of the required execution on-ground and closure of the grievance process in 30
days. The Complainant may decide to take legal action or any other recourse if he/she is not
satisfied with the resolutions due to the deliberations of the tiers of GRM. The detailed TORs
of the GRC-PMU are as under:
i. The Tier 3-PMU level GRC will meet at least twice a month and more regularly as
needed and shall convene its meeting on the availability of 60% of the
quorum/committee members;
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ii. The Project Director will ensure effective implementation of the Grievance Redress
Mechanism (GRM) by establishing and notifying the Village (Tier 1) and at the Tehsil
Level (Tier 2);
iii. Ensure community outreach and information dissemination about the Project GRM;
iv. Investigate grievances specific to Component 1 brought forward by affected persons
and the public and shall also review the latest proceedings of the Tier-2 and Tier-3
Committees;
v. Ensure easy access to GRM for affected communities, especially for women and other
vulnerable groups;
vi. Provide a time-bound early, transparent, and fair resolution of social and environmental
concerns linked to the project and provide timely responses to Complainants;
vii. The committee shall generate a monthly report on the proceedings and progress of
Tier-3 GRC; and
viii. Maintain and update the GRM Database/Complaint Register.
7.11.4 Step 2: Sorting and processing
Complaints and feedback will be recorded by the social organizer at PIU and documented in
a register or directly into a Grievance Log. Submissions related to the resettlement and
compensation issues will be referred to the concerned unit for processing and resolution. The
Environment and Social Unit will be responsible for dealing with each complaint and may
approach other sections of the project after screening the issue and concern raised in the
grievance, including following through with NHA and SDU to arrive at a resolution, to resolve
complaints within 30 days of receipt.
7.12 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING
The Project will implement a training program to train staff, contractors, community members,
and other stakeholders on how to handle grievances and why the GRM is important to the
project’s success. This training will include information about interacting with beneficiaries
about grievances and the project’s internal policies and procedures in relation to grievance
redress. It will also be useful to build community-based GRMs by providing grievance redress
training for stakeholders at the local level. This greatly reduces GRM costs while enhancing
beneficiary satisfaction with, and ownership of, the grievance redress process.
7.13 HIRING OF GBV FIRM
The project will hire the GBV firm to support the PIU in preventing and mitigating GBV risks,
including SEA and workplace SH, by implementing monitoring, reporting, and safety measures
for vulnerable populations. It will conduct workshops, map GBV service providers, assess their
capabilities, and integrate them into project mechanisms. The firm will engage stakeholders,
raise GBV awareness, and develop culturally sensitive strategies, addressing traditional
dispute mechanisms and ensuring survivor-centered reporting. It will provide case
management, audit infrastructure safety, train security forces on SEA/SH, and ensure
accountability. The firm will implement GRMs, develop GBV action plans, ensure contractor
compliance with CoC, monitor breaches, and prevent the rehiring of violators while building
capacity across the PIU and contractors to create a safe and inclusive project environment.
7.14 COST OF GRM
For the implementation of GRM, a lump sum provision of PKR ………………… is estimated.
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
MATRIX
8 ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT MATRIX
8.1 PROJECT RESETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES
The involuntary resettlement requirements apply to full or partial, permanent, or temporary
physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic
displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods)
resulting from (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or
access to legally designated parks and protected areas. Resettlement is considered
involuntary when displaced individuals or communities do not have the right to refuse land
acquisition, which results in displacement. This occurs in cases where (i) lands are acquired
through expropriation based on the eminent domain, and (ii) lands are acquired through
negotiated settlements if the expropriation process would have resulted in the failure of
negotiation.
The concept of eligibility is used with respect to the definition of PAPs and the criteria for
determining their qualification for compensation and other resettlement assistance. Compensation
eligibility will be limited by a cut-off date on the day of the completion of the impact assessment.
PAPs, who settled in the affected areas after the cut-off date (31 August 2023) of the actual
survey. After the cut-off date, no changes, additions, and false information will be entertained for
any compensation.
8.2 COMPENSATION ENTITLEMENTS AND VALUATION METHODOLOGY
Entitlement provisions for PAPs losing land, houses, and income losses and rehabilitation
subsidies will include provisions for permanent and temporary land losses, house and buildings
losses, crops and trees losses, a relocation subsidy, and a business losses allowance based on
their average income as per Census survey and/or lump sums. Except for land under the
impact, the informal occupiers will also be entitled to the affected structures and assets fall in
the ROW.
According to the World Bank OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement, the following types of
impacts will be eligible for compensation, and their entitlements are detailed below:
Permanent land impacts. The land cost will be estimated as per notification of the Revenue
Department vide letter No.529, dated 7th August 2023 under section 27-A of Stamp Act 1899,
the valuation table for the year 2023-2024, with effect from 1st July 2023. The letter also covers
the compensation of building structures under project impact. A copy of the letter is provided
in Annexure XII. The affected land will be compensated at replacement value in i) cash at
current market rates (which has been determined by the District Price Assessment Committee
(DPAC) and Board of Revenue in consultation with “Qaumi Commission” (tribe leaders/
community elders & Maliks by land use categories). The following mouza/villages fall in the
project area are mentioned below in the Table 8-1. Except for Mouza Sathi Khel/Shah Kass of
Khyber area, all other mouza/villages fall in the category of canal-irrigated area and agricultural land
as well. The rates are applied to agricultural land.
Table 8-1: Rate of Land as per Notification of Revenue Department
Land Rate as Per Notification of District Collector Peshawar, 2023-2024
Non Agricultural
Agriculture
Residential Commercial Agriculture Land Rain
S.# Mouza Per Kanal
Per Marla Per Marla Per kanal fed Per
(Nehri)
(Banjar) Kanal
1 Tarnab 154,556 605,465 1,554,540 877,260 1,169,660
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
MATRIX
Land Rate as Per Notification of District Collector Peshawar, 2023-2024
Non Agricultural
Agriculture
Residential Commercial Agriculture Land Rain
S.# Mouza Per Kanal
Per Marla Per Marla Per kanal fed Per
(Nehri)
(Banjar) Kanal
2 Mera Kachori 77,404 170,288 862,840 523,880 708,760
3 Surizai Payan 89,014 242,765 629,440 523,880 523,880
4 Maryamzai 36,415 395,616 554,680 277,340 369,800
5 Mushterzai 73,384 235,594 924,480 616,320 770,400
6 Hurizai 73,384 324,423 1,078,560 616,320 832,040
7 Behlolzai 69,889 95,636 924,480 308,160 462,240
8 Masho Gagar 73,211 324,423 1,078,560 616,320 832,040
9 Garhi Mali khel 62,124 139,775 735,680 154,080 308,160
10 Sangu 88,280 367,826 1,078,560 400,600 770,400
11 Nogazi 88,280 367,826 1,078,560 400,600 770,400
12 Sathi khel/Shah Kass *
*No land record with Revenue Department. Letters attached. The price of land will be determined by the Quami
Commission once notified by the Deputy Collector, District Khyber.
Land Rate of District Collector Nowshera, 2023-2024
Non Agricultural
Agriculture
Residential Commercial Agriculture Land Rain
Mouza Per Kanal
Per Marla Per Marla Per kanal fed Per
(Nehri)
(Banjar) Kanal
1- Jabba/Now
178,609 606,744 406,341 150,100 150,100
shera
Residential land will be compensated for as replacement cost at current market rates at
the rate agreed between elders/PAPs and the Revenue Department. The compensation will be
paid directly to the head of the affected extended family or household.
Residual Land: If the residual of the asset being taken is not economically viable,
compensation and other resettlement assistance will be provided as if the entire asset had
been taken.
Houses, buildings, and structures will be compensated in cash at replacement cost,free of
deductions for depreciation and other transaction costs (if any) directly to the head of the
extended family or household.
Crops: After land award Section 11, the PAPs of land will be asked to stop further cultivation
of acquired land. This action will facilitate the project authority to avoid any dispute of taking
over the land for the implementation.
Trees: Cash Compensation to the cultivator’s household shall reflect income replacement
considering both timber and fruit trees.
Businesses: Business losses will be compensated to the owner of the business with a lump sum
of PKR ………………corresponding to the average income of the affected shops and hotel owners
over a period of three months (the period of business interruption based on the time needed
to rebuild the shop).
Relocation Assistance: PAPs forced to relocate will receive a relocation subsidy of PKR
……….. to cover relocation costs and living expenses for six months.
Community Structures and Public Utilities: Will be fully replaced or rehabilitated to satisfy
their pre-project function.
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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Vulnerable People Livelihood: Vulnerability allowance equivalent to three months of KP
Government's officially declared minimum wage for the fiscal year 2024-25 @ PKR ………..
per month will be provided over and above other entitled compensation; and vulnerable PAPs
will be given priority in employment in project-related jobs. The letter of minimum wage from
KP Government is provided in Annexure X. The Government announced the minimum wage
in the budget book 2024-2025 but has not notified yet.
Provisions for Female PAPs: Acquisition of household assets can impact the women
disproportionately due to their fragile socio-economic standing and it could be difficult for them
to re-establish their socio-economic activities because of restricted mobility or illiteracy.
8.3 ENTITLEMENT MATRIX
Based on the above discussed eligibility criteria and compensation entitlements and keeping
in view the nature of losses and implementation issues of the proposed project, an Entitlement
Matrix (EM) has been prepared as provided in Table 8-2.
Table 8-2: Compensation Entitlement Matrix
Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
1. LAND
Permanent impact All land Owners • Land for land compensation with plots of
on private land losses, (titleholders) equal value and productivity to the plots
independent lost for PAPs dependent on agriculture,
of impact ensuring economic viability of the new land
severity and ensuring that the PAPs’ livelihood is
not negatively affected; or.
• Cash compensation at full replacement
cost either through negotiated settlement
between the NHA and the landowners or
assessed based on provisions of Section
23 of LAA5 including fair market value plus
damages/costs applicable free from taxes
and levies plus 15% compulsory
acquisition surcharge (CAS).
• Cash for land based on current open
market value as negotiated with
landowners or decided by the Qaumi
Commission and District Collector in
Khyber district. While the land value of
Nowshera and Peshawar districts will be
determined by the Board of Revenue
through DPAC (District Price assessment
Committee).
Leaseholders • Compensation commensurate to lease
titled/untitled type and as appropriate for recovery of
paid advance or paid lease amount for the
remaining lease period but up to two years
maximum.
• Crop compensation for standing crop with
5
Compensation under provisions of Section 23 of LAA include fair market value and applicable costs for damages (i.e., costs
for severance of land and injurious affect to other property (immoveable or movable) or earning, diminution of profits, and costs
of moving residence or place of business, etc.). The 15% surcharge is added on top of the calculated compensation amount .
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
an additional crop (based on relevant
cropping pattern/cultivation record) and
other appropriate rehabilitation as
transitional support under other
entitlements.
Sharecroppers/ • Cash compensation equal to gross market
tenants value of crop compensation for one year
(titled/untitled) (see crop compensation above to be
shared with the landowner based on the
sharecropping arrangement.
Encroachers • No compensation for land loss.
• Income rehabilitation allowance in cash
equal to net value of annual crop
production and other appropriate
rehabilitation to be defined in the RAP
based on subproject specific situation and
PAPs’ consultation.
Residential or Displacement Titleholders • Cash for land based on replacement cost
commercial land from land where value as negotiated with landowners or
households or decided by the Qaumi Commission and
businesses are District Collector in Khyber district. While
located. the land value of Nowshera and Peshawar
area will be determined by the Board of
Revenue through DPAC.
• Rates will not be less than replacement
cost.
Renters/ • Three months’ rent or a value
Leaseholders proportionate to the duration of the
remaining lease, including any deposits
they may lose.
Squatters • Accommodation in available alternate
land/ or a self-relocation allowance.
Collective land Communa Clans have • In case of affected joint ownership land of
(Barren/hilly l tribal customary a tribe, the compensation will be paid to
terrain), Khyber land rights the individual households of the
area. respective clans through the Qaumi
Commission formed by the District
Collector. The Qaumi Commission will
identify the land ownership and propose
the compensation amount to the District
Collector.
Permanent impacts All adverse Farmers/ • Land for land compensation with plots of
on arable land effects on Titleholders equal value and productivity to the plots
where access is land use Landowners lost for PAPs dependent on agriculture,
restricted and/or independent with customary ensuring economic viability of the new
land use will be of severity of rights land and ensuring that the PAPs’
affected impact livelihood is not negatively affected; or.
• Cash compensation plus 15% compulsory
acquisition surcharge (CAS) for affected
land at replacement cost based on market
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
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Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
value free of taxes, registration, and
transfer costs in Nowshera and Peshawar
districts will be determined by the Board
of Revenue through DPAC
• Cash for land based on current open
market value as negotiated with
landowners or decided by the Qaumi
Commission and District Collector in
Khyber District.
Leaseholders • Renewal of lease contract in other plots of
(registered or equal value/ productivity of plots lost, or
not) • Cash equivalent to market value of gross
yield of affected land for the remaining
lease years (up to a maximum of three
years).
Sharecroppers • Cash equivalent to market value of the
(registered or lost harvest share once (temporary
not) impact) or twice (permanent impact).
• Provision of livelihood restoration support
as per the Livelihood Restoration Plan.
Squatters • One rehabilitation allowance equal to
market value of one gross harvest (in
addition to crop compensation) for land
use loss.
Temporary Access will Farmers/ • No compensation for land provided that
impacts on arable not be Titleholders the land is rehabilitated/ restored to its
Private land restricted, former quality following completion of
and existing works.
land use will • Compensation, in cash, for all damaged
remain crops and trees.
largely • Compensation, in cash, for income loss if
unchanged. any for the duration of the temporary
impacts.
Leaseholders • No compensation for land provided that
titled/untitled the land is rehabilitated/ restored to its
former quality following completion of
works.
• Compensation, in cash, for all damaged
crops and trees.
• Compensation, in cash, for income loss if
any for the duration of the temporary
impacts.
Sharecroppers • Compensation, in cash, for all damaged
(registered or crops and trees.
not) • Compensation, in cash, for income loss if
any for the duration of the temporary
impacts
Squatters • Compensation, in cash, for all damaged
crops and trees, where these are owned
by the squatters.
• Compensation, in cash, for income loss if
any for the duration of the temporary
impacts.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
2. STRUCTURES
Houses and Structures Full loss of All relevant PAPs • Cash compensation at replacement rates
structures; (including for affected structure and other fixed
partial loss of squatters) assets free of salvageable materials,
structures; depreciation and transaction costs.
moving minor • In case of partial permanent impacts full
structures, cash assistance to restore the remaining
kiosks and structure, in addition to compensation at
temporary replacement cost for the affected part of
structures. the structure.
• Affected tenants will receive cash
compensation of a value proportional to
the duration of the remaining lease period,
or three months, whichever is higher.
3. Crops Crops All PAPs owning • Crop compensation in cash at full market
affected crops (including rate for one harvest (either winter or
during sharecropper/ten summer) by default for impacts caused by
construction. ants’ squatters) the project activities.
• All other crop losses will be compensated
at market rates based on actual losses.
4. Trees Trees All PAPs owning • For timber/ wood trees, the compensation
affected trees (including will be at market value of tree's wood
informal content.
occupiers) • Fruit trees: cash compensation based on
lost production for the entire period needed
to reestablish a tree of equal productivity.
5. RESETTLEMENT & RELOCATION
Relocation allowance Transitional All asset • Livelihood allowance for each affected HH
livelihood costs owner/tenant for six months equal to minimum wage rate
PAPs requiring to fixed by the Government of KP @ PKR
relocate due to …………./ month.
lost land and
structures
Transport allowance All types of All PAPs affected • Provision of allowance to cover transport
structures by relocation expenses. For the project the allowance
requiring has been set at PKR ……….. for large,
relocation affected structure.
Severe Impact Additional All landowners/ • Severe impact allowance equal to lost
provisions for leaseholder/tenan income for three months @ PKR ………./
severe impacts ts/sharecroppers/i month in addition to entitled compensation
(Land loss more nformal occupier for land lost.
than 20% of facing land
land holdings. losses.
6. INCOME RESTORATION
Impacted land- All types of land All PAPs with • Land for land compensation through
based livelihoods loss land-based provision of plots of equal value and
livelihoods productivity as that of lost and if land-
affected based compensation is not possible non-
land-based option built around
opportunities for vocational training,
employment or self-employment will be
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
provided in addition to cash compensation
at full replacement costs for land and other
assets lost for establishing alternate
means of livelihood.
• Partial loss of arable land: PAPs will be
provided support for investing in
productivity enhancing inputs to the extent
of the affected land parcel, such as
improved agriculture practices and
provision of farming tools, fertilizers and
seeds etc., as feasible and applicable.
Businesses Loss Temporary Owner of • Cash compensation equal to lost income
business loss business during the period of business interruption
due to LAR or (registered, up to 3 months based on tax records or, in
construction informal) its absence, comparable rates from
activities by registered businesses of the same type
Project. with tax records or computed based on the
officially designated minimum wage rate.
Permanent Owner of • Cash compensation equal to lost income
business loss business for 6 months based on tax record or, in its
without the (registered, absence, comparable rates from
possibility of informal) registered businesses of the same type
establishing an with tax records, or computed based on
alternative officially designated minimum wage rate;
business. and
• Provision of project-based employment to
adult household members or vocational
training with the opportunity for additional
financial grants and micro-credit and
organizational/logistical support to
establish PAPs in alternative income
generation activity.
Employment loss Temporary or All employees • Cash compensation equals lost wages at
permanent loss (PAPs) (including comparable rates as of employment
of business or squatters, and record for a period of 3 months (if
employment agriculture temporary) and for 6 months (if
workers) permanent) or in the absence of record
computed based on the official minimum
wage rate. Or.
• Provision of project-based employment or
re-training, with additional financial (PKR
…………. per person) as well as
organizational/logistical support to
establish PAP in alternative income
generation activity.
7. PUBLIC SERVICES AND FACILITIES
Loss of public Mosques, Affected • Rehabilitation/ substitution of affected
services and footbridges, public & structures/ utilities (i.e., mosques,
facilities roads, community footbridges, roads, schools, health
schools, Assets centers) at project costs.
health
centers,
services
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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Asset Specification Affected People Compensation Entitlements
infrastructure
& graveyards
8. SPECIAL PROVISIONS
Vulnerable Households All vulnerable • Vulnerability allowance equivalent to three
PAHs below the PAHs months officially announced minimum
poverty line; wage calculated @ PKR ………… per
female- month; and
headed • Employment priority in project-related jobs.
households;
and disabled
persons of
AHHs.
Unidentified Losses As and when All PAPs facing • Deal appropriately during project
Unanticipated impact implementation according to the World
impacts Bank Operational Policies and approval by
identified the Bank.
8.3.1 Procedure of Payment of Compensation
Compensation will be paid to Project-Affected Persons (PAPs) through crossed cheques
issued in their names. To cash the cheques, PAPs will be required to open bank accounts.
The PAPs will be informed about the designated bank and branch for account opening.
Additionally, project field staff will coordinate with the bank to facilitate the account-opening
process for PAPs.
Pana flex banners may be displayed in the area to provide details such as the bank's name,
branch, and contact information for the focal person, ensuring PAPs have easy access to
assistance if needed.
Particular attention will be given to women, as many do not have bank accounts in villages
due to cultural norms. The project will facilitate mobile banking services for women to open
accounts and will advocate for exemptions from photo requirements in cases where cultural
restrictions prohibit women from being photographed. The cost of opening bank accounts will
be minimal and can be easily covered by the contingency budget.
8.3.2 Methods of Compensation to Project-Affected Persons (PAPs):
8.3.2.1 Land Compensation:
The amount allocated for land acquisition is transferred to the Land Acquisition Collector. This
amount is held in the district treasury account. Payments to PAPs are disbursed once all
procedures outlined in section 8.3.2 have been completed.
8.3.3 Payment of Allowance under RAP:
8.3.3.1 Previously:
An escrow account was opened at the project level for allowances. Funds were transferred to
this account based on Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) entitlements. Disbursement was
managed by the GM Project.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
MATRIX
8.3.3.2 Currently (Under ASAAN Financial Regulations 2020):
RAP Allowances are first approved by the concerned Member (AP) and concurred by the
Member (Finance) and payment cheques are made for individuals. Allowances are now paid
by the NHA through the Accountant General of Pakistan Revenues (AGPR). Cheques for
PAPs entitled to allowances are prepared and endorsed by AGPR. The endorsed cheques are
then handed over to the respective PAPs.
8.3.4 Unavailability of PAPs During Disbursement Process:
In case a PAP is unavailable at the time of compensation disbursement (for both land and
allowances): The amount for land compensation remains in the district treasury account. The
amount for allowances is retained at the NHA Headquarters.
Both amounts can be accessed when the concerned PAP appears to claim their
compensation.
8.3.5 Process of Compensation by the Revenue Department
The Revenue Department will issue a notice specifying the land to be acquired, its rate, and
the total compensation amount. Similarly, in the case of structures, the notice will include
details of the structure, type of construction, size, and compensation cost.
A. Steps in the Land Acquisition and Compensation Process:
• Announcement of Award:
The Land Acquisition Collector (LAC) announces the award under Section 11 of the Land
Acquisition Act, 1894.
• Field Verification:
Revenue field staff visits the site to ascertain the land details as per the field book and its
measurements.
In cases where land records are missing, the staff updates the records before proceeding with
the compensation phase.
• Preparation of Acquaintance Roll/ qabzul wasool:
An acquaintance roll is prepared, containing the updated list of landowners/claimants along
with details of their apportionment of compensation, area of land affected/required in the
project etc.
• Submission of Claim Documents:
Claimants submit the required documents, i.e. Fard Malkiat (record of rights and application
etc) to the requisition office of the Land Acquisition Collector for claiming compensation.
• Issuance of Voucher:
After examining the submitted documents, the Land Acquisition Collector issues vouchers to
the eligible claimants.
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ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENTS AND ENTITLEMENT
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• Processing at District Treasury:
Claimants present the vouchers to the District Treasury, where cheques are issued to them
for the compensation amount.
B. Steps in Payment of Allowance to the Displaced Persons:
• Field Initiation: The FIU team collects claims from displaced persons, verifies their
documents, and conducts field checks to ensure the accuracy of the information provided.
• Approval Process: The files are prepared by the Deputy Director (DD) and Project
Director (PD) and Approved by the General Manager (GM), after which a sanction memo
is issued.
• Compensation Release: Approved files are sent to the NHA Headquarters for clearance,
and vouchers and cheques are subsequently issued for payment.
• Cheque Verification: The Accountant General Pakistan Revenues (AGPR) verifies the
issued cheques and returns them to the local bank for processing.
• Cheque Distribution: The cheques are distributed to displaced people, and receipts are
obtained for record-keeping.
• File Verification: The AGPR verifies the files associated with the payments and returns
them to the NHA for final confirmation.
• Fund Transfer: Compensation funds are transferred to the Displaced Persons’ bank
accounts, completing the payment process.
Field staff at the FIU will be available on the ground to assist PAPs throughout this process.
The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has already been established for this project. If
the PAP has any concerns or complaints, they can register them through the intake channels.
Detailed information on GRM is provided in Chapter 7.
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LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP)
9 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP)
9.1 INTRODUCTION
A draft Livelihood Restoration Plan (LRP) for SLR has been developed to complement the
Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and is available as Annex XVIX.
The LRP addresses the impacts of permanent land acquisition on PAHs by providing a detailed
implementation plan to restore and, where possible, improve the livelihoods of the affected
families. This plan emphasizes ensuring compensation for lost assets while providing
livelihood restoration assistance to ensure sustainable recovery of living standards and
income levels to pre-project conditions or better.
This chapter presents a summary of the SLR LRP.
9.2 THE NEED FOR A LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP)
Livelihood restoration is a critical component in managing the socio-economic impacts of
displacement caused by land acquisition. While compensation for land and asset losses at
replacement cost addresses the immediate loss of income and assets, this alone may not be
sufficient to restore the affected households' living standards. The LRP for the SLR aims to
ensure sustainability by offering comprehensive support to Project Affected Persons (PAPs),
enabling them to rebuild their livelihoods and access new economic opportunities.
9.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP)
The primary objective of the LRP is to restore and improve the livelihoods of households
affected by the SLR alignment to pre-project levels or better. Specific objectives include:
• Implementing targeted mitigation measures to minimize negative impacts on
livelihoods and ensure that affected individuals can recover.
• Enabling PAFs to benefit from sustainable livelihood interventions in the project area.
• Providing capacity-building programs and vocational training for skill enhancement in
line with economic opportunities.
• Ensuring that vulnerable individuals, including women and marginalized households,
benefit from livelihood opportunities and resources.
9.4 SCOPE OF THE LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN
The scope of the LRP is confined to the impacts caused by land acquisition for civil works
under the SLR within the KPEC project. It outlines actions to help economically displaced
households restore their economies and standard of living, particularly those with limited
adaptive capacity. The LRP will work alongside the RAP's entitlement matrix, providing
additional strategies for sustainable livelihood restoration.
The LRP will evolve based on consultations with stakeholders and monitoring outcomes,
ensuring it remains responsive to the needs of PAPs.
9.5 METHODOLOGY FOR LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION
The preparation of the LRP involved a participatory approach, including:
• Conducting a census survey to assess community assets, land use, demographics,
and income sources.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN (LRP)
• Engaging with PAPs and public institutions to identify livelihood impacts.
• Assessing community livelihoods through social assessments and census to design
tailored interventions for different groups, particularly women and vulnerable
populations.
The participatory design process ensured that the LRP reflected the needs and priorities of
affected households.
9.6 DURATION OF THE LRP
The initial LRP will be implemented over three years once the implementation-ready RAP is
prepared and disclosed, covering both the pre-construction and construction phases of the
project, in compliance with World Bank Safeguard policies. Monitoring mechanisms will be
established to track progress, with the potential for extending the LRP into the operational
phase of the expressway based on emerging needs.
9.7 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION INTERVENTIONS
The LRP includes a variety of livelihood restoration activities based on insights from baseline
socioeconomic data and consultations with PAPs and stakeholders. Interventions aim to align
with local resources, skills, and needs, offering flexible options for PAPs to rebuild their
livelihoods. Main intervention areas include:
• Vocational and Technical Training: Focused on skill enhancement to support PAPs
in accessing alternative livelihoods.
• Agricultural Support: Improved farming techniques, provision of certified seeds, and
agricultural extension services to enhance productivity.
• Income-Generating Activities: Programs that promote new sources of income for
PAPs, including micro-investments in non-farm activities and wage labor opportunities.
• Cash Compensation to PAPs: As mentioned in the entitlement matrix, the relevant
PAPs will be provided cash compensation for asset loss and allowances for loss of
livelihoods and transitions related costs, as per WB Policy 4.12,.
Participation in these interventions will be voluntary, but efforts will be made to ensure that all
PAPs, particularly vulnerable groups, are aware of and can access the available opportunities.
9.8 MONITORING AND EVALUATION
The implementation of the LRP will be closely monitored, with regular evaluations to ensure
its effectiveness in restoring livelihoods. Key indicators will track progress in income
restoration, skill acquisition, and the participation of vulnerable groups. Adjustments will be
made based on monitoring outcomes to achieve the desired objectives.
The success of the LRP will be measured by its ability to restore livelihoods to pre-project
levels or better and its long-term impact on enhancing the well-being of affected families. The
details are available in a draft standalone LRP which has been prepared for the project and is
under review.
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
10 RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
The RAP has included a detailed budget for the payment of compensation and implementation
of the various resettlement aspects of the project, including land acquisition, loss of residential
and commercial structures, loss of community and public structures, loss of trees & crops,
vulnerability allowances, livelihood loss related allowances, and relocation assistance for the
PAPs. The cost estimated in the Resettlement Budget Section for various IR impacts/ affected
assets is based on the rates collected from the relevant District Offices and is for estimation
purposes only. Before implementation of this RAP, these rates will be updated as per land
award notification during the land acquisition process. The actual cost/ budget for affected
assets in the form of land, structures, crops, and trees will be calculated based on these
updated rates in the RAP.
10.1 COMPENSATION COST FOR THE AFFECTED LAND
As per the design, the land identification survey was conducted with the help of the Revenue
Department. Landowners having land rights recognizable under revenue record in the settled
area of Nowshera and Peshawar, while the customs and rules applicable in the
Khyber/Jamrud (merged area) area through Qaumi Commission will be applied for land
acquisition and compensation. The land record of land falling in the final selected RoW will be
updated in the Revenue Record to ensure all unrecorded informal transactions and
inheritance-related transfers are captured to ensure the rightful owners receive compensation.
The same will be done for informal usage of arrangements.
The identified impacted land is classified as agricultural land and barren uncultivable land
owned by individuals or collectively by Khels (clans). Though the main source of livelihood of
most of the PAPs in the Nowshera and Peshawar area is land due to agricultural activity, cash
compensation has been preferred by the individual PAPs. In Khyber and Jamrud areas,
unproductive and barren land falling under project impact is owned by the tribes and clans
with customary rights. Accordingly, compensation will be made to these tribes as per
government laws for newly merged areas. In the remaining districts, compensation will be paid
based on the rates specified in the notification from the DC regarding the rates of mouzas. To
estimate land compensation, an average rate for each category of land is applied, rather than
relying on rates specific to individual mouza.
The land to be acquired with an estimated budget is provided in the following Table 10-1 while
the land data showing land ownership and land compensation is provided in Annexure XI.
Table 10-1: Estimated Cost for Land Compensation
Kanal/
Land Type Acres Unit Rate/kanal Cost of Land 15% CAS Total
Marla
Agriculture 759.07 6072.56
Barren 272.8 2182.4
Residential 17.47 2795.2
Commercial 0.52 83.2
Communal 0.14 1.12
Total
Cost
10.2 COMPENSATION OF CROPS
The land is being acquired permanently. After the land award of Section-11 and land
compensation to the PAPs, the project authority with the support of the Revenue Department
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
will ask the PAPs to stop further cultivation of acquired land. Official notices will be sent to the
land PAP to abide by using land for any purpose because, after the payment, the land
becomes under the ownership of the Project. The PAP has no right to use it further. This will
help to avoid disputes and confusion. The estimated crop compensation amount is PKR
………… million as provided in Table 10-2.
Table 10-2: Compensation Cost of Affected Crops
Type of Affected Affected Crop Unit Rate (PKR
Sr. No. Total Cost (PKR)
Crop Land (Acres) (Maund-40 kg) ………/ 40 kg)
1 Wheat 759.07 28,632.45
Total 759.07 28,632.45
10.3 COMPENSATION COST FOR RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES
For structures/buildings, as per Section 49 of LAA 1894, once the alignment is finalized by the
contractor, the district buildings department will review the affected residential structures to
determine whether the main building lies within the Right of Way (ROW) or if only portions,
such as boundary walls, are impacted. Residents of the affected structures will be consulted
regarding their willingness to continue living in the remaining portion of their property.
Similarly, if the remaining portion of the building/structure is deemed unusable or non-
productive, the full building/structure can be acquired based on the willingness of the owner
to minimize losses for the property owner.
The existing Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) encompasses all residential areas impacted by
the project. Final consultations and measurements conducted by the district buildings
department will ascertain residents' preferences regarding the remaining areas and address
their concerns accordingly. This exercise will be undertaken after the final alignment has been
confirmed.
The structure loss is determined based on the identified impacts and functional/economic
viability of the remaining structure or the possibility of its restoration and putting it to the same
use as was before the project. In the case of > 20 % partial loss of the main structure, the owners
will be compensated for the whole structure for the safety of their family at current market
rates. Shifting and transition allowances will also be paid. If the main structure is avoided and
other parts of the house like the verandah, kitchen, bathroom, and boundary wall are impacted,
in that case, compensation for those impacted assets only will be paid to the PAP and not for
the main structure.
A total of 186 residential structures of Peshawar and Nowshera districts of pacca, semi-pacca,
and kacha houses covering a total area of 518,094 sq.ft. will be impacted. The rates for
estimation of compensation were collected from the DC office notified in August 2023 to 2024.
The rate of pacca house has been calculated at PKR ………….. per sq. ft. semi-pacca @ PKR
………. per sq. ft. kacha @ PKR …….. per sq. ft. However, the estimated cost compensation
comes out to PKR ……….. million and is being provided in the Table 10-3 of the settled area
and PKR …………….. million showed in Table 10-4 of 53 pacca residential houses of un-
settled area/merged of Khyber below. While details of these residential structures with their
compensation are provided in Annexure-IV and V.
Table 10-3: Estimated Cost of Residential Structures in Peshawar and Nowshera Districts
Structure No. Total Area Unit Rate (sq. ft) Total Compensation Cost
(sq. ft.) (RKR)
Pacca 115 304,808
Semi Pacca 123 148,784
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
Structure No. Total Area Unit Rate (sq. ft) Total Compensation Cost
(sq. ft.) (RKR)
Kacha 48 64,502
Total 186 5,18,094
Table 10-4: Estimated Cost of Residential Structures of Khyber District
Total Compensation
Unit
Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft) Cost
Rate/(sq. ft)
(RKR)
Pacca 58 127,549
Semi Pacca 04 194,46
Kacha 04 9,716
Total 66 156,711
10.4 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES
As per the World Bank's Involuntary Resettlement (IR) policy, Project-Affected Persons (PAPs)
or business owners are being compensated for the following:
i) Land compensation,
ii) Compensation for damaged structures at full replacement cost, including
salvageable material.
iii) Shifting allowance,
iv) Compensation for business losses covering three months.
During the compensation process and the issuance of notices to vacate the Right of Way
(ROW) after the full payment of compensation and allowances, the project will provide a three-
month transition period. This period allows shop owners to notify their customers about their
relocation and the new business site. The new location is generally close to the existing one
to ensure continuity, as customers maintain strong social ties and relationships with local
business owners as part of their social context. This helps customers stay connected with the
shopkeepers. The Project Livelihood Plan will take up this issue, and if there are businesses
that wish to set up again after relocation, the Plan can prepare a way forward in consultation
with them.
In the case of commercial structure under project impact, compensation will be paid at the
current market rate. Apart from this, a business loss of three months for small businesses like
shops and hotels will also be paid. The loss will be determined based on monthly income. For
private entrepreneurs, socio-economic data will help to identify their monthly income. The
owners of such structures will also be compensated.
A total of 48 shops/hotels and poultry farms with an area of 21,250 sq. ft. of eight PAPs are
identified under project impact. Out of which 2,615 ft., were related to the boundary walls. The
estimated cost budget is estimated PKR ………. million. The rates for estimation of
compensation were collected from the District Collector/DC office in Peshawar. The details are
provided in Table 10-5. Details of these commercial structures with their compensation are
provided in Annexure VI.
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
Table 10-5: Estimated Cost of Commercial Structures
Total Total
Sr. Type of Type of Unit Rate
Unit Area (sq. Estimated
No. Impacted Asset construction (PKR/Sq. ft.)
ft.) Cost
Shop, hotel,
Square
1 poultry farms Pacca 18,635
feet
etc.
Running
2 Boundary wall Pacca 2,615
feet
Total Cost 21,250
10.5 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMERCIAL EMPLOYEES
A total of eight employees were recorded in different commercial enterprises. These
employees were working in a factory, poultry farm and hotels on a daily or monthly basis.
These eight employees will lose their jobs due to the project's impact on the commercial
structures falling in the ROW. They will be paid three months minimum wage to each
employee. The compensatory budget of these employees is provided in the following Table
10-6.
Table 10-6: Estimated Cost of Affected Employees
Nos. of Wages loss of
Sr. No. Type impacted Business
Employees employees (Rs.)
1 Factory (mineral water) 03
2 Poultry Farm 03
3 Hotel 02
Total 08
10.6 COMPENSATION COST OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURES
The community structures include 2 mosques with a total covered area of 6,000 sq. ft. and a
boundary wall of 159 ft. will be affected. The office of the Project Director will coordinate the
relocation of these structures to clear the ROW. The local community is aware of the potential
impact of the project on mosques. Following consultations, the existing mosque committees—
traditionally present in all mosques in the area—will be provided with appropriate
compensation to facilitate the relocation and reconstruction of the mosques. This process will
be carried out with the consent and active involvement of the local community.
The project FIU will remain involved throughout this process. Moreover, the details of
community consultation on the subject with the community are already provided in Table 6-4.
The rates for estimation of compensation were collected from the District Buildings
Department 2023-2024. The estimated cost comes to PKR …….. million. The summary of the
budget is provided in Table 10-7 and the detailed cost estimate is given in Annexure XIII.
Table 10-7: Estimated Cost of Community Structures
Total Estimated
Sr. No. Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft) Unit Rate (PKR)
Cost (PKR)
Mosque Pacca 02 6,000
1 B/Walls Pacca - 150
Total 02 6,150
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
10.7 COMPENSATION COST OF PUBLIC STRUCTURE
During the census inventory survey, a government primary school was found under project
impact. The cost of compensation is provided in Annexure XIV. The compensation cost of
PKR …………. is estimated under this head shown in the Table 10-8.
Table 10-8: Estimated Cost of Public Structure
Total Estimated
Sr. No. Structure No. Total Area (sq. ft.) Unit Rate (PKR)
Cost (PKR)
Pacca Structure 04 2,400
1 B/Walls Pacca 01 600
Total 3,000
10.8 COMPENSATION COST OF TREES UNDER PROJECT IMPACT
Along the project route, it was noted that there were orchards of plum, apricot, wild fruit, and
wood trees within ROW. Data has been collected from the ESIA study, that there were about
9,420 fruit trees and 1,740 non-fruit trees (mostly plum, guava, grapes, apricot, pear and
peach) on 77 acres in orchards form and individual as well by the farmers/PAPs and timber
trees like kikar, poplar, phulai, shisham, willow and eucalyptus. The total compensation cost
comes to PKR …………….. million.
10.9 RESETTLEMENT & RELOCATION
10.9.1 Relocation Assistance
PAPs facing residential or commercial structure losses will be provided logistical support for
the identification and purchase or rental of replacement plots and/or structures, or the
construction of new structures, as well as assisting with all related administrative tasks. A total
of 252 recorded PAPs will be displaced facing residential relocation issues. Similarly, eight
PAPs losing commercial structure losses will be provided with shifting allowances support, or
the construction of new structures, as well as assist with all related administrative tasks.
During consultations, it was pointed out by the participants that the amount of transportation
allowance would be PKR ……………. depending on the location of the residential and
commercial shop/structure. In the case of 252 residential PAPs and 48 shops/hotels owned
by eight PAPs, the shifting allowance of PKR ……….. per affected shop will be paid.
Moreover, the PAPs losing residential structures will also be entitled to a self-relocation/
transitional allowance equal to a six-month minimum wage rate which is PKR ……….
10.10 SPECIAL ALLOWANCE FOR VULNERABLE PAPS
All vulnerable PAPs, in addition to applicable compensation for lost assets, including
relocation and income restoration, will be entitled to livelihood restoration/improvement
support in the form of cash. A three-month minimum wage @ PKR ……….. will be paid to each
vulnerable PAP. Out of the total PAPs losing residential structures, 86 PAPs have monthly
incomes below minimum wage. They are entitled to three months’ vulnerable allowance PKR
………………. per PAP. The total vulnerable allowance is estimated at PKR ………. million.
The Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) beneficiaries are also considered vulnerable
PAPs under the Project. The total number of BISP beneficiaries in the 13 project villages is
1,077 persons. Not all of these will be impacted by Project RoW. The actual BISP (vulnerable)
beneficiaries who may be impacted by the Project alignment will be known when the final
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
alignment is provided by the Contractor. Once this is clear, these PAPs will be provided with a
vulnerable allowance@ 03 months minimum wage @ PKR ……… PKR …………… to each.
However, at present the tentative vulnerable allowance of 1,077 persons is being allocated as
PKR ………….. million in the budget.
The list of 86 vulnerable PAPs is provided in Annexure V and Annexure XVI.
10.11 SUMMARY OF RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
The summary of the budget estimate for land acquisition and resettlement-related costs is
given below in Table 10-9. The total cost of LAR has been worked out to be PKR …………..
million.
Table 10-9: Summary of the Resettlement Budget
Compensation
Sr.
Type of Asset Quantity Compensation Cost (PKR) Cost (million
No.
PKR)
A - Land (Acres)
1 Agriculture Land 759.07
2 Barren Land 272.8
3 Residential Land 17.47
4 Commercial Land 0.52
5 Community land 0.14
Total – A 1,050
B – Crops (Acres)
6 Cropped Area 807.07
Total – B 807.07
C – Trees (No.)
7 Fruit/non-fruit Trees 11160
Total – C 11160
D - Structures (No.)
8 Residential 252
9 Commercial 48
10 Community 2
11 Public structure 1
Total – D 303
Total (A+B+C+D)
E - Resettlement and Rehabilitation Allowances
11 Livelihood
Allowance (252
252
PAPs Rs. 37000 for
06 months)
12 Business
Allowance (8 PAPs
8
Rs. 37000 for 3
months)
13 Employment Loss
Allowance (8 PAPs 8
Rs. 37000 for 3
months)
14 Vulnerability
Allowance (86 86
PAPs) Rs.111000
15 Vulnerability
Allowance (1077
1077
land PAPs)
Rs.111000
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RESETTLEMENT BUDGET
Compensation
Sr.
Type of Asset Quantity Compensation Cost (PKR) Cost (million
No.
PKR)
16 Transportation
Allowance (260
260
PAPs @ Rs.
37000)
Total – E
Total Cost (A+B+C+D+E)
F. Other cost
Administrative Cost @ 1% of A to D
Monitoring and Evaluation @ 5% of A to D
Contingencies @ 5% of A to D
Cost of GRM lumpsum
Total of F
Grand Total
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
11 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
11.1 INSTITUTIONAL SET UP
The compensation/ rehabilitation programs described in this RAP involve distinct processes
and different agencies. For Component I, NHA is the implementing agency. The list of various
actors and agencies involved in the implementation of RAP and their main roles and
responsibilities are provided below:
• Project Steering Committee (PSC)
• Project Management Unit (PMU) at NHA Headquarter Islamabad
• Project Implementation Unit (PIU), at NHA North, Peshawar
• Resettlement Advisory Committee
• Social, Environment and Resettlement Implementation Unit (SERU) in PIU
• Resettlement Assistance Disbursement Committee
• Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC), as Consultant to NHA
• GBV Service Provider (Firm), as Consultant to NHA
• External Monitoring Agent (EMA) for RAP, as Consultant to NHA
The Panel of Experts (E&S)
Member Aided projects, NHA will be responsible for overall implementation of the Project’s
Component I.
11.2 PROJECT STEERING COMMITTEE (PSC)
The Project Steering Committee of Component I will be chaired by NHA and comprise of
representatives of the concerned government departments. The composition of Component I
PSC is listed in Table 11-1.
Table 11-1: Component I Project Steering Committee Composition
Sr. No. Member Position
1. Chairman NHA Chairman
2. Member (Planning) Member
3. Member (Finance) Member
4. Member (Aided Projects) Member
5. Member (Engineering Coordination) Member
6. Joint Secretary (MoC) Member
7. Joint Secretary (EAD) Member
8. General Manager (KPEC) HQ Secretary
In addition to the members mentioned above, the Chairman may invite co-opted members in
the Committee’s meetings to get specific information on certain matters.
PSC will meet at least quarterly to ensure coordination and to review the project’s progress with
reference to defined timelines and to resolve any implementation issues.
11.2.1 Terms of Reference of Component I PSC
The key responsibilities of Component I PSC are listed below:
i. Oversee the policy formulation and strategic management of the Project’s
Component to ensure that the Project Development Objective is satisfactorily
achieved;
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
ii. Provide technical and administrative guidance to Component I operational team;
iii. Approve Project’s Component I annual/biannual activities and work plans;
iv. Monitor and review the Project’s Component I physical and financial progress on
quarterly basis with respect to defined timelines;
v. Approve/ initiate necessary remedial measures to correct lapses in Component I
progress;
vi. Resolve constraints/issues that may arise during Component I implementation;
vii. Evaluate/approve any requirement to change Component I technical design during
implementation as per the advice of the project’s implementation team; and
viii. Re-adjust/re-appropriate Project’s Component I fund within project’s subcomponents,
while following the overall boundaries of the Project Development Objective.
The composition of various units/agencies involved in the implementation of RAP activities is
given below:
11.3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT (PMU), NHA
KPEC Project’s Component I activities will be managed by a PMU which will be established
by NHA at HQ. PMU will be headed by a General Manager, who will be reporting to Member
NHA (as notified by the competent Authority). The unit will be staffed by technical experts from
NHA EALs and other staff (such as from the Procurement section, Design section) to
effectively carry out the project’s activities.
The unit will provide overall strategic direction, coordination, and monitoring of the project. The
PMU ensures alignment with broader national policies and manages interactions with donors,
regulatory bodies, and higher-level decision-making. It is responsible for financial
management, reporting to stakeholders, and ensuring that the project adheres to institutional
guidelines and objectives set by the NHA. The PMU supports the PIU by resolving issues that
require HQ-level intervention and ensures effective resource allocation.
11.3.1 Terms of Reference of Project Management Unit
Key responsibilities of PIU are listed below:
i. Undertake all the necessary activities to achieve project’s goals and objectives
effectively and efficiently in accordance with the approved project design;
ii. Carry out financial management to ensure that financial targets and operational
expenditures remain within the agreed work plan and budget;
iii. Ensure that the project money is utilized to achieve the set targets strictly in
accordance with the applicable rules and procedures;
iv. Carry out the approved project procurements under Component I in accordance with
the World Bank applicable Procurement Regulations;
v. Ensure that all financial, procurement, and administrative matters are managed in an
effective manner to facilitate smooth implementation of Component I;
vi. Ensure implementation of World Bank fiduciary and environmental and social
safeguards compliance requirements in Component I activities;
vii. Comply with all the World Bank policies, regulations and procedures and the
Government of Pakistan requirements;
viii. Maintain a close liaison with all the stakeholders to keep them informed about the
project’s performance;
ix. Carry out effective communication to help strengthen state-citizen trust and to create
awareness about the project;
x. Facilitate project staff and donor agencies in their visits to different project sites and
their meetings with their counterparts and stakeholders;
xi. Provide support to Component I PSC as and when needed;
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
xii. Administer the consultancy and civil works contracts;
xiii. Liaise with the design consultant in outlining the employer’s requirements for the
expressway;
xiv. Prepare and present consolidated work plans, procurement plans, and progress
reports of Component I for federal government departments and the World Bank;
11.3.2 Project Management Unit (PMU) at NHA Headquarters Level
11.4 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU)
The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) will be established in Peshawar for the implementation
of SLR. The PIU is responsible for overseeing and managing day-to-day activities of the
project, such as construction supervision, coordination with contractors, and ensuring
compliance with project timelines and standards. The PIU works closely with local
stakeholders to address on-ground issues, including land acquisition, resettlement, and
environmental concerns.
PIU will be headed by a P D , who will be reporting to Member NHA (as notified by the
competent Authority).
11.4.1 Terms of Reference for PIU
The key responsibilities of PIU are listed below:
i. Act as the primary liaison between stakeholders, including the PMU, contractors, local
authorities, and community representatives.
ii. Supervise and monitor on-ground activities to ensure compliance with project
specifications and standards.
iii. Oversee construction and engineering work, addressing issues in real time to avoid
delays and ensure quality.
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
iv. Ensure compliance with environmental, social, and safety standards as outlined by
World Bank and national policies.
v. Work closely with social safeguards teams to monitor RAP implementation and
address resettlement issues.
vi. Conduct site visits and track project milestones, highlighting any risks or deviations.
vii. Facilitate communication and engagement with affected communities, ensuring their
concerns are heard and addressed.
viii. Support the GRM by recording and addressing community grievances.
ix. Manage and allocate project resources, including personnel, equipment, and
materials, to meet project needs.
x. Ensure efficient logistics and timely delivery of resources to support smooth project
implementation.
xi. Conduct quality checks on construction and engineering work to ensure compliance
with design and safety standards.
xii. Identify and mitigate project risks, including technical, social, environmental, and
financial risks.
xiii. Verify and approve the payment invoices for design/supervision consultants, civil
work contractors, and other allied actives under Component I;
xiv. Carry out proper documentation of the Component I activities;
xv. Ensure proper documentation of the project’s activities; and
xvi. Update the project’s MIS regularly and use it for effective project management.
11.4.2 Resettlement Advisory Committee
A Resettlement Advisory Committee (RAC) will be formed at the project level based in
Peshawar to provide a coordinating node for the implementation of RAP (valuation of assets,
PAP consultation as well as coordination with other line agencies/ departments/ offices). The
Committee’s key role will be to see that all matters relating to assessment and payment of
land compensation are handled fairly and transparently in compliance with the mechanism to
be agreed with District and tehsil administration and social team PIU. This committee will also
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
deal with complaints and grievances issues related to the compensation of individual
properties.
The committee formation will be initiated by the Project Directorate and will include the
following:
11.4.3 Social, Environmental and Resettlement Implementation Unit (SERU), PIU
The SERU will be nested in PIU, which will manage LAR tasks at the project level with
technical assistance and guidance from the PMU. The SERU will take the ultimate
responsibility for the preparation, implementation and monitoring of RAP for the sub-project.
The SERU will include i) a Project Director (unit head), ii) a Social Development and
Resettlement Specialist (SDRS), iii) a Gender Specialist, iv) an Environment Specialist, and
v) an Occupational Health Specialist (OHS) supported by design/construction supervision
consultants and social mobilizers engaged for the project.
The SERU will play a vital role in looking after the routine LAR matters of the project and
ensure implementation of LAR activities including but not limited to preparation/updating,
implementation and monitoring of RAP and implementing the consultation and grievance
redress mechanism at the project level.
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11.4.4 Project Director
NHA will exercise its functions via PD. At the PIU, land acquisition and resettlement tasks will
be handled by SERU to be established at PD office. This unit will be aided by a social
safeguard team under the project preparation and supervision consultants and resettlement
specialists hired for impact surveys or monitoring assistance. The PD office will coordinate
with local governments that have jurisdiction over land administration and valuation.
11.4.5 The Resettlement Assistance Disbursement Committee
The primary purpose of the Resettlement Assistance Disbursement Committee is to assist the
PIU in ensuring fair, transparent, and efficient disbursement of resettlement and rehabilitation
assistance to PAPs of the SLR Project. Disbursement will be carried out in accordance with
the entitlements specified in this RAP.
The Committee will include two members from the SERU, at least two representatives of the
PAPs, and the Deputy Project Director (DPD) from NHA.
11.4.5.1 Terms of Reference
i. Ensure fair, transparent, and timely disbursement of resettlement assistance to PAPs
under the supervision of the PD-PIU.
ii. Review micro plans prepared by the SERU and recommend procedures for
disbursement to be approved by the PD and cleared by NHA’s Finance section to
ensure compliance with internal policies.
iii. Implement disbursements in manageable batches to streamline workload and
reporting.
iv. Maintain accurate and comprehensive records of all payments, including supporting
documents for each transaction.
v. Submit written reports to the PD and World bank after the completion of each payment
batch.
vi. Review and monitor, and report on disbursement efficiency and progress to the PD.
vii. The RAP External Monitoring Agent will independently validate the accuracy and
transparency of all disbursements to ensure compliance with the RAP.
11.4.6 Construction Supervision Consultants
In DBO mode of contracting, the Construction Supervisions Consultants (CSC) play a crucial
role in the finalization of alignment and the updating of the safeguard’s instruments including
RAP. While the overall responsibility for resettlement management lies with the project’s
implementing agency, the CSC consultants will contribute to ensure that the technical design
minimizes resettlement impacts and undertake the RAP update of SLR after its design has
been finalized. Additionally, the CSC coordinates closely with the project’s social and
resettlement teams to ensure compliance with resettlement policies, proposing adjustments
to the RAP when necessary and adhering to timelines to avoid construction delays due to
resettlement issues.
The Consultant will ensure all clauses of the contract agreement including safeguard clauses
between the civil works Contractors' and NHA are respected. The Consultant will have a full-
time field-based staff with environmental and social expertise to ensure the implementation of
Project ESMP, RAP, and GBV Action Plan according to World Bank’s guidelines. Two separate
senior experts, one for environment and one for social safeguards, will be hired by NHA who
will supervise a team of additional experts to be hired as needed. The consultant will ensure
contract mandates hiring of Project Affected Persons (PAP) on project as per Resettlement
Action Plan (RAP) and provide monthly reports of PAPs hired. The specialist/experts of
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
supervision consultant will also develop training modules, conduct environmental and social
trainings for the contractor’s staff, and ensure proper handling and addressing of social issues
during project life.
The CSC consultants during the engineering design phase is involved in:
11.4.6.1 Terms of Reference
i. Update the SLR (and PTEX) RAP and other safeguards instruments.
ii. Suggest changes in project alignment to minimize displacement and reduce
resettlement impacts.
iii. Ensures engineering design considers social and environmental factors to avoid
densely populated areas.
iv. Provides detailed data on land use, property impacts, and livelihood disruptions for
accurate RAP updates.
v. Coordinates with social safeguards teams to reflect changes in the number of affected
households or land areas.
vi. Assess the design fulfils Environment and Social Safeguards requirements and
adheres to the World Bank Safeguards policies.
vii. Update the Environment and Social Safeguards documents, especially the RAP based
on the final approved alignment.
viii. Ensures construction activities adhere to the RAP, avoiding work in areas where
resettlement or compensation is incomplete.
ix. Supports grievance redress mechanisms by reporting any issues related to land
acquisition or compensation.
At the field level, the resettlement specialist and team of social mobilizers (male and female)
will be mobilized through supervision consultants on full time or intermittent bases for assisting the
PIU in field to review, verify and update impact data and census of PAPs to link the PAPs with
impact type and significance and corresponding compensation cost entitled to them and
if required will update the RAP accordingly before its implementation is started.
11.4.7 Deployment of Community Mobilizers
The CSC will hire services of at least two community mobilizers, one male and one female,
tasked with facilitating implementation of RAP. They will collaborate with community members,
PAPs, and stakeholders to ensure PAPs are facilitated in receiving the entitlements due to
them under the RAP. They will also foster understanding about the Project, streamline
participation and work to enhance community support for the project. They will especially try
to ensure vulnerable PAPs are facilitated and receive project benefits.
11.4.8 GBV Service Provider
The Project will engage a GBV Service Provider (Consultant team) to address risks related to
Sexual Exploitation, Abuse, and Workplace Sexual Harassment in affected communities. This
team will conduct culturally sensitive GBV awareness with all Project stakeholders, map and
create referral pathways for GBV services, strengthen the GRM with GBV/SEA protocols, and
facilitate survivor access to support. They will refer cases needing institutional care (e.g.,
hospitals, police) and offer case management if requested. With expertise in legal aid,
psychosocial support, and training, the Consultant will work closely with the Project
Implementation Unit (PIU) and stakeholders. The PIU holds final responsibility for
implementing GBV risk management actions, with consultant approval required. Detailed
Terms of Reference for Community Mobilizers are available in Annex-XVII.
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INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
11.4.9 RAP External Monitoring Agency (EMA)
NHA will hire an agency or an individual expert (with team) to conduct independent monitoring
and evaluation (the EMA) for the RAP implementation. The EMA shall review the
implementation progress throughout the RAP implementation, as reported in the internal
monitoring reports by PIU, evaluate the level of achievement of RAP objectives, identify gaps,
if any, and propose remedial measures for implementation and training of concerned staff on
impact assessment and World Bank resettlement policy requirements. In addition to the
above, the EMA will verify (i) legal ownership and/or rights to land as per the OP 4.12
categories, and (ii) verify payment of compensation to all entitled PAPs before client takes
possession of land or assets.
EMA will be hired before finalization of alignment to ensure it is mobilized to monitor
compensation payments as soon as alignment is agreed upon.
11.4.10 The Panel of Experts (PoE)
The Panel of Experts is an advisory body to be tasked with providing technical expertise on
environmental and social issues to ensure compliance with World Bank safeguards,
particularly OP 4.01. The panel members will be independent professionals not involved in the
project’s day-to-day operations, ensuring impartiality in their advice and guidance. Their role
includes:
11.4.10.1 Terms of Reference
• Review and advise on the project's environmental and social aspects, helping to
identify and mitigate risks.
• Review the Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs), Environmental
Social Management Plans (ESMPs), Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs), and other key
documents to ensure compliance.
• Help to monitor the project’s ongoing environmental and social performance, ensuring
that safeguards are followed throughout implementation.
• Evaluate the project's environmental and social assessments, management plans, and
mitigation strategies.
• Conduct on-site visits to monitor implementation of environmental and social
measures.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
12 IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
12.1 INTRODUCTION
In general, the project implementation will consist of three major phases, namely project
preparation, land acquisition and final/updated RAP preparation and implementation, i.e., full
payment of compensation for acquired assets and entitled resettlement and rehabilitation cost
to PAPs with income restoration measure in place as per the TORs. The TORs of the
Resettlement Action Plan are provided in Annexure XVIII.
In consultation with the project stakeholders, a detailed schedule is prepared as an integral
part of this RAP indicating the sequence and time frame of activities for the compensation
payment, acquisition of ROW land, preparation of draft and implementation ready RAP for the
project and RAP implementation timelines synchronized with the construction schedule for the
SLR Project.
12.2 COMPENSATION AND LAND ACQUISITION
The land will be acquired as per notification of the Revenue Department vide letter No.529,
dated 7th August 2023 under section 27-A of Stamp Act 1899, the valuation table for the year
2023-2024, with effect from 1st July 2023. The letter also covers the compensation of building
structures under project impact.
The respective Deputy Commissioners and NHA will start the process of land acquisition for
the proposed SLR. It is expected to formalize the acquisition process quickly with the support
from the Qaumi Commission (in Khyber District) due to the priority given to the Project by the
government. Tentatively, the process of land acquisition in the project will take six months as
shown in the Table 12-1 below:
Table 12-1: Anticipated Timeframe for Land Acquisition in the Project Area
Step LA Process Agency Timeline
1 LA Proposal to Project Authority (PA) and PAPs with brief EA (NHA) Week 1-4
description of the Project – scope of land acquisition,
location.
2 Meeting of EA with locals expressing the intent to acquire EA (NHA) Week 5-7
the land for road construction.
3 Final demarcation of the alignment and updating of the EA (NHA) Week 8-11
private land and assets affected.
4 Dispute/Objections as per Section 5 /LAA (Grievance LAC/PAPs Week 17-20
Redress available throughout Project)
5 Compensation assessment & award preparation LAC Week 21-25
6 Disbursement of compensation cheques LAC Week 26-32
7 Possession of land, clearance and handing over to NHA PA Office Week 12-16
Land acquisition to be completed in a total of 32 weeks
12.3 RAP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
NHA will implement the RAP until all compensation payments are paid and the Livelihood
Restoration Plan is implemented. The External Monitoring Agent will advise on the conclusion
of substantial compensation payment. It is expected that compensation payments will begin
after the RAP has been updated based on the final alignment. The RAP updating process will
take about two months. Thus, payment of land and other compensation will likely start around
April 2025 and be completed by August 2025. A tentative timeline for the finalization and
implementation of RAP (milestones) and its associated activities are given in Table 12-2.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Table 12-2: Tentative Implementation Schedule of RAP6
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
1. Update and Finalize Resettlement Action Plan
1.1 Establish and deploy September Ongoing Personnel Notification of PMU
NHA staff and notify 2024 Section, and PIU through
PMU and PIU NHA Office order has
been issued on 24
September 2020
1.2 Hire an individual Hired by Done Design Individual Social
consultant to update Zeerak/Botek Section NHA Development and
and verify the census (CSC) for 6 Resettlement
and inventory of months consultants are
assets based on the extendable available and will
final approved SLR up to 3 years finalize the RAP of
detailed design SLR after the formal
sharing of final
alignment and
detailed design.
(subject to the
award of the
contract to the
successful bidder)
1.3 Engage and consult May 2023 Ongoing PIU /Land Ongoing activity;
with men and women and Social entire project
APs, Maliks, and tribal office duration
elders (Stakeholders
consultation
schedule has been
developed and
updated monthly.
1.4 Development of November August GAP has already
Gender Action plan to 2023 2024 been developed
be attached with the and will become
updated SLR RAP part of the RAP
document.
1.5 Submit final SLR RAP March 2025 31 March Updated final
to World Bank for 2025 implementation-
review ready SLR RAP will
be submitted to WB.
1.6 Address comments, 01 April 2025 15 April The final draft will
finalize, and seek RAP 2025 be submitted in
approval from WB December 2024
1.7 Prepare a non- -- 15 April As per the final
technical summary of 2025 approved alignment
RAP for PAPs in Urdu and detailed design
1.8 Disclose the final RAP -- 15 April Updating SLR RAP
on the NHA Website 2025 awaits the final
and designated approved alignment
locations in KP and detailed design
of the successful
bidder.
1.9 Notify GRM and multi- -- Functional Land Section Office Order for
tiered GRC to register NHA-HQ GRC-PMU
approved and
6
This Table is a working document which will be updated regularly by NHA (offline) to reflect real time tasks/deliverables
once implementation starts.
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
and address AP issued on 01 July
complaints 2021.
The project-
integrated GRM
system has been
established.
GRM SOP has
been shared with
WB for
concurrence. Bolo
Helpline –toll-free
number and system
for GBV redressal is
already established.
The project’s GRM
will be linked to
future sustainability.
1.10 Prepare a gender- Done PIU, NHA Project GRM
sensitive GRM brochure has been
Brochure in Urdu and developed and
distribute it to Project shared with
APs. stakeholders during
community
consultations and
community
outreach sessions.
(continue
throughout project
life)
2. RAP implementation Arrangements for SLR
2.1 Establish and notify Done for Project Once RAP is
gender balanced Peshawar Director /PIU finalized and
Resettlement Advisory and Khyber. Land office approved then RAC
Committee (RAC) will be notified for
implementation of
RAP & Gender
Action Plan.
2.2 Implementation of Ongoing Project -Do-
Gender Action Plan Director /PIU
activities Land office
2.3 Recruit male and Partially Ongoing Project
female Project staff for done Director /PIU
PIU Land office
2.4 Assign Focal Person -- Done Yet to be notified
for RAP case with Personnel
implementation at section.
PMU
2.5 Initiate meetings with May 2023 Ongoing Project
the District Director /PIU
Administration Land office
2.6 Establish individual AP -- June 2025 Will be initiated after
including women and the Final Design of
communal/tribal land SLR
ownership
2.7 Prepare and verify the June 2025 RAP review Will be finalized on
list of individual owners Consultant the final Design
and tribal ownership
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IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
Including women. /PIU Land
office
2.8 Establish and notify January June 2025 Subject to the
Entitlements 2025 implementation of
2.9 Assist APs including January Ongoing RAP
women in opening 2025
Bank accounts
2.11 Determine and notify January June 2025
agreed unit prices of 2025
various land
categories
2.12 Meet Jirga and District January
Administration to 2025
resolve land disputes,
as needed. Women
stakeholders may also
be engaged as and
when required.
2.13 Arrange a valuation of -- January
affected structures, 2025
crops, and trees from
relevant district
departments
2.14 Constitute and notify -- January Project Subject to the
gender-responsive 2025 Director /PIU Implementation of
Resettlement Land office Approved RAP.
Assistance
Disbursement
Committee
2.15 Transfer funds to DC -- March 2025 Once the DC
for opening an Escrow finalizes the private
Account negotiation
process, only then
he can demand the
final cost of
compensation.
2.16 Prepare and disburse -- 30 June --
cheques for 2025
Resettlement
Allowances to APs
2.17 Prepare award notices -- 30 June --
of compensation for 2025
land and land-based
structures and loss of
business and
employment
2.18 Prepare and initiate 31 July --
disbursement of 2025
cheques for
compensation of
various land
categories to individual
APs and tribes
2.19 Prepare Chainage GIS 31 July Once the DC gives
maps to depict 2025 clearance to
payment status to APs proceed with the
assigned task.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
3 ROW Clearance and Commencement of Civil Works
3.1 Relocate, replace, and August 2025 December Subject to the
rebuild community- 2026 provision of final
affected structures in design and
consultation with the alignment. These
local community men activities will be
and women carried out during
the RAP
Implementation
3.2 Assess and document 01 June 30 June
landscape 2025 2025
transformation/loss
from clearing of
vegetation/trees and
destabilization of
mountain slopes (if
any) to be reflected in
the contractor’s
ESMPs for necessary
mitigation measures
3.3 Issue notices to APs to 01 June 30 June
take salvage material 2025 2025
and vacate land and
structures
3.4 Take possession of 01 July 2025 31 July
land and mark 2025
boundaries
3.5 Transfer land in favor 01 July 2025 31 July
of NHA 2025
3.6 Hand over ROW to 01 July 2025 31 July
contractors free of all 2025
encumbrances
3.7 Finalize and March 2025 On going
Implement Livelihood
Restoration and
Implementation Plan
(LRIP)
3.8 Mobilize Contractor March 2025 Subject to the
and commence civil and onwards provision of the
work linear map of the
project from GM
and PD, where
compensation has
been paid and land
is free from all
encumbrances.
Upon clearance, the
sections of the
alignment will be
handed over to the
contractor for
construction after
verification of the
internal and 3rd
party monitors.
4. Community Engagement and Implementation Support
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
4.1 Form Male and 28th Subject to the
Female AP February execution of RAP in
Committees 2025(60 the field
days)
4.2 Maintain liaison and On going It will be throughout
interaction with the the project period
APs and local
communities (men &
women) to address
their concerns
regarding local
contents
4.3 Develop a local 30th April Subject to the
content policy 2025 (60 execution of RAP in
days) the field
4.4 Identify local goods 30th April Subject to the
and services to be 2025 (60 execution of RAP in
procured locally days) the field
4.5 Identify and implement 30th April Subject to the
livelihood restoration 2025 (60 execution of RAP in
measures days) the field
5. Gender Action Plan including GBV/SEA
5.1 Develop and maintain As soon as 30th Will be executed
gender-disaggregated the project December after the final SLR
datasets of APs and execution 2024(60 alignment and
inventory of affected starts on the days) detailed design are
assets ground. approved.
5.2 Identify measures to As soon the 28th
protect women’s project February
privacy using execution 2025(60
streams/water points starts on the days)
along the alignment ground.
6 Labor Management
6.1 Identify the location of 30th It will be executed
campsites, and December when the design-
material depots and 2024 (60 build contractor is
ensure that the days) selected and
Construction Camp engaged.
management plan of
the project is reflected
in the bidding
document to be
updated and
implemented by the
Contractor.
6.2 Conduct labor influx February 30th April Initial screening has
risk screening and 2025 2025(60 been conducted by
identify influx-related days) RHC and it will be
social issues/impacts updated once the
final design and
alignment are given
by the contractor.
6.3 Develop and March 2025
implement SOPs on
labor influx in the
project area
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Peshawar – Southern Link Road Project (SLR) Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)
IMPLEMENTATION OF RAP
Task Completion
Task Description Start Date Responsible Progress/Remarks
ID Date
6.4 Prepare and March 2025
disseminate local
Workforce recruitment
policy
6.5 Provide local cultural May 2025 On going
sensitization training
for workers regarding
engagement with local
tribes
6.6 Ensure gender- Before
sensitive Codes of mobilization
Conduct are signed of the
and understood by the contractor
contractors
6.7 Provide information May 2025
regarding the Worker
Code of Conduct in
Urdu
6.8 Engage an Upon Once the project
independent completion of gets started in the
consultant to the first year field.
undertake semi- of civil work
annual labor social
audits of the SLR and
sub-contractors
9. Monitor and Report Implementation Progress
9.1 Ensure regular internal Start by --- Ongoing Throughout the
monitoring related to 2025 entire project life
RAP every quarter.
IMPLEMENTATION
9.3 Prepare and submit Start by Ongoing Start by Every month in the
Quarterly Safeguards March 2024 March 2024 first year of
Implementation implementation and
Progress Reports afterward, it may
continue every
quarter throughout
the entire project
life.
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MONITORING AND EVALUATION
13 MONITORING AND EVALUATION
13.1 INTRODUCTION
The overall objective of the RAP is to ensure that the PAPs restore and preferably improve
upon their pre-project living standards. Resettlement and rehabilitation activities are very often
on a critical path and if not implemented effectively can cause severe delays in the project.
Hence, in a development project with a long gestation period, effective Monitoring and
Evaluation of RAP implementation would be the key to the achievement of intended objectives
and outcomes.
Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are progressing as per
schedule while evaluation is essentially a summing up, at the end of the project, assessment
of the actual achievement in comparison to those aimed at during the implementation. The
NHA Project Directorate will be responsible for monthly internal reports on the progress of
RAP implementation. In addition, the SERU will provide necessary technical assistance and
other periodical assistance regarding the successful implementation of RAP.
13.2 MONITORING OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION
The various indicators and benchmarks will be monitored by means of the following:
1. Internal monitoring of process and output indicators; and
2. External monitoring by an independent monitoring agency or an independent
consultant to check the extent to which resettlement and rehabilitation objectives have
been met.
13.3 INTERNAL MONITORING
Internal monitoring will involve the concurrent checking of implementation activities to
ascertain whether these activities are being implemented in accordance with the RAP and
thereby enable the project authorities to take appropriate action to address any gaps,
deviations, etc. It will be day-to-day tracking progress about LAR planning and implementation
activities including compensation payment progress, consultation and community feedback
campaigns launched, resettlement, rehabilitation and income restoration measures
implemented, community concerns and grievances recorded and resolved, and corrective
actions implemented.
Monitoring of RAP implementation progress will assist in identifying and resolving the
impediments and ensure timely delivery of compensation and resolution of matters of concern
for PAPs and other stakeholders. The scope of internal monitoring will include: (i) compliance
with the agreed policies and procedures for land acquisition; (ii) prompt approval, allocation,
and disbursement of compensation payments to PAPs, including, if necessary, supplemental
compensation for additional and/or unforeseen losses; and (iii) remedial actions, as required.
Specific monitoring topics for the internal monitoring will be:
1. Information campaign and consultation with PAPs;
2. Status of land acquisition and payments on land compensation;
3. Compensation for affected structures and other assets;
4. Physical displacement of PAPs;
5. Payments for loss of income according to the details provided in the RAP; and
6. Income restoration activities.
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MONITORING AND EVALUATION
13.4 EXTERNAL MONITORING
The NHA will also engage a consultant or an External Monitoring Agency (EMA) to conduct
external monitoring of the resettlement process. The EMA will conduct Compliance Monitoring
activities to check that entitlements have been provided as specified in the RAP.
The External compliance monitoring will focus on:
1. Determining whether PAPs have been provided with compensation and other
entitlements specified in the RAP and have re-established their incomes and
livelihoods to pre-project levels or better; and
2. Assessing the adequacy of the resettlement policies, resettlement management staff
and structures, complaints and grievance procedures and resettlement budgets.
External monitoring will be carried out on a quarterly basis, the first report expected to be
submitted on November 15, 2024, and its results communicated to the PD Office, NHA and
World Bank through semi-annual reports. The key External Monitoring tasks will include:
1. Review and verify internal monitoring reports;
2. Review and validate of the socio-economic baseline census information of PAPs
including compensation, relocation, rehabilitation and income restoration measures
provided in the RAP and establish benchmark indicators for impact assessment through
formal and informal surveys with the affected persons;
3. Consult PAPs, Jirga, political administration and NHA officials, assess level of
information dissemination activities implemented, awareness and access level of PAPs
and communities to project-based grievance redress and complaints handling systems;
and
4. Assess the resettlement efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability and lesson
learnt for future resettlement policy formulation and planning.
13-2