ZESCO ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ZAMBIA WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 DATE: NOVEMBER 1, 2024 VOLUME 1 – MAIN REPORT FINAL VERSION ZESCO ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ZAMBIA FINAL VERSION CONFIDENTIAL WSP REFERENCE: CA0027197.7329 NOVEMBER 2024 WSP CANADA INC. FLOOR 11 1600 RENÉ-LÉVESQUE BLVD WEST MONTRÉAL, QC H3H 1P9 CANADA T: +1-514-340-0046 F: +1-514-340-1337 WSP.COM REVISION MANAGEMENT VERSION DATE DESCRIPTION 00 2024-06-27 Preliminary Version 01 2024-08-30 Final Version 02 2024-11-01 Revised Final Version ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE i PREPARED BY Maya Brennan Jacot Biologist, Biodiversity Specialist REVIEWED BY Hélène Chouinard Project Manager Reference to be cited: WSP. 2024. ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE, ZAMBIA. REPORT PRODUCED FOR ZESCO. WSP ref.: CA0027197.7329. 10 chapters and appendices. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE iii LIMITATIONS WSP Canada Inc. (“WSP”) prepared this report solely for the use of the intended recipient, ZESCO, in accordance with the professional services agreement between the parties. In the event a contract has not been executed, the parties agree that the WSP General Terms for Consultant shall govern their business relationship which was provided to you prior to the preparation of this report. The report is intended to be used in its entirety. No excerpts may be taken to be representative of the findings in the assessment. 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As such, WSP does not guarantee any modifications made to this digital file subsequent to its transmission to the intended recipient. This limitations statement is considered an integral part of this report. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE v CLIENT CIGZAMBIA AND COWATER Head of Cowater - UK Giulia Caruso Project Manager Yara Elsiwi E&S Management Specialist Lina Sheqem Team Lead - CIGZ Lorainne Ross Gender and Social Inclusion Advisor Lovisa Arlid Operations Manager Nancy Mulilo ZESCO Chief Environmental and Social Analyst - ZTK Luwita Kenema Changula Project Manager - ZTK Hilner Mulapani Technical Manager - ZTK Zingani Sakala Deputy Director - ZTK Ernest C. Banda Head of Environment Bonje Minyoi Muyunda Finance Manager - ZTK Chibeza Mbulo Procurement Specialist - ZTK Lemmy Nyirenda Chief Social Officer Linda Siamuzyulu Principal Social Officer - ZTK Masiliso Mwiya Sitali Chief Environmental Scientist - South Jack Buchi Munthali Senior Wayleave Technologist - ZTK David Mwanangombe Senior Environmental Scientist - ZTK Cholwe Hamusunse Chanda Senior SHEQ Officer - ZTK Kennedy Chiundaponde ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE vii PRODUCTION TEAM WSP CANADA INC. (WSP) Project Manager Hélène Chouinard Biodiversity Specialist Maya Brennan Jacot Health and Safety Specialist Khadija Ait Ali Social and Gender Specialist Linda Havers Resettlement Specialist Gregory Bryan Huggins Climate Change Specialist Kaithlyn Livingstone Geomatic and Field Tools Development Specialist Félix-Antoine Audet Project Assistant Chloé Gagnon-Champigny Senior Cartography Specialist Mylène Lévesque Cartography Specialist Samuel Samson SUBCONSULTANTS (AMC) National Coordinator Benard Gomo Tembo Stakeholder Engagement Specialist Aldrin Sinkala Social Safeguards Specialist Mitulo Silengo Gender-Based Violence Specialist Litruda Chila Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Management Expert Richard Mbewe Forestry Specialist Lishomwa Mulongwe Ornithologist Griffin Kaize Shanungu Mammal and Bat Expert Clare Mateke WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT viii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AEWA: African-Eurasian Migratory Water birds ALARA: As Low as Reasonably Achievable AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ARV: Antiretrovirals BIIA: Biodiversity Indirect Impact Area BMP: Biodiversity Management Plan CBD: Convention on Biological Diversity CLOs: Community Liaison Officers CFP: Chance Find Procedure CHMP: Cultural Heritage Management Plan CHSMP: Community Health and Safety Management Plan CHQ: Critical Habitat Qualifying CH: Critical Habitat CHMP: Cultural Heritage Management Plan C-ESMP: Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan CIGZambia: Cities and Infrastructure for Growth Zambia COMESA: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa DACA: District AIDS Coordination Advisor DIA Direct Impact Area FCDO: UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office FTW: Fitness to work EAAA: Ecologically Appropriate Area of Analysis EAPP: Eastern Africa Power Pool EHS: Environment, Health and Safety EHSGs: Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines EIAs: Environmental Impact Assessments EPRP: Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan E&S: Environmental and Social ESHS: Environmental, Social, Health and Safety ERP: Emergency Response Plan EPRP: Emergency Preparedness Response Plan ESIA: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP: Environmental and Social Management Plan ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ix ESMS Environmental and Social Management System ESO: Environmental Site Officer ESS: Environmental and Social Standards ERT: Emergency Response Team HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus IAS: Invasive Alien Species IFC: International Finance Corporation IUCN: International Union for Conservation of Nature GBIF: Global Biodiversity Information Facility GBV: Gender Based Violence GBVAP: Gender-Based Violence Action Plan GIIP: Good International Industry Practice GRM: Grievance Redress Mechanism KPIs: Key Performance Indicators MoE: Ministry of Energy MSDS: Materials Safety Data Sheets NBI/NELSAP: Nile Basin Initiative / Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program NHCC: National Heritage Conservation Commission NGOs/CBOs: Non-Governmental Organizations PACs: Project Affected Communities PACA: Provincial AIS Coordination Advisor PAPs: Project Affected Persons PEP: Post-exposure prophylaxis POC: Potentially Oil-Contaminated PIU: Project Implementation Unit PPMP: Pollution Prevention Management Plan PMU: Project Management Unit PPE: Personal Protective Equipment OHSMP: Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan OSC: One Stop Centres RAP: Resettlement Action Plan RHA: Risk Hazard Assessment ROW: Right of Way RMHPMP: Residual material and hazardous products management plan S&G: Social and Gender WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT x ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE SADC Southern African Development Community SAPP: Southern African Power Pool SCAP: Safeguards Corrective Action Plan SDS: Safety Data Sheets SEP: Stakeholder Engagement Plan SHEQ: ZESCO’s Safety, Health Environment & Quality SPDs: Standard Procurement Documents SOP: Scope of Project STDs: Sexually Transmitted Diseases STIs: Sexually Transmitted Infections TORs: Terms of References TANESCO: Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization VCT: Voluntary Counselling and Testing VSU: Victim Support Unit WHO: World Health Organization WBG: World Bank Group ZEMA: Zambia Environmental Management Agency ZESCO: ZESCO Limited ZTK: Zambia-Tanzania-Kenya ZTIP: Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xi SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Abundant, diverse energy resources in Southern and Eastern Africa underpin significant potential benefits from regional energy sector integration. The growing need to address national electricity supply and demand imbalances, in the most cost-effective manner, boosted interest in cross-border electricity trade and resulted in the establishment of the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) in 1995, and the Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP) in 2005, under the umbrellas of Southern African Development Community (SADC) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), respectively. The objectives of the SAPP and EAPP are to coordinate power pool operations and implement regional power trade. Increasing interconnections among the EAPP countries and the link to SAPP will create a large subcontinental market that could pave the way for greater regional integration in other sectors. While there are a few possible corridors for interconnecting SAPP and EAPP, the most advanced one is connecting Zambia- Tanzania-Kenya (also called “ZTK”). The link between Zambia and Tanzania (or Zambia -Tanzania Interconnector Project, or ZTIP) remains the last section to enable the SAPP and EAPP to be interconnected. Doing so will lead towards market expansion for participating countries, improvement in their energy security, facilitate the diversification of energy sources, enable the sharing of generation reserves, and optimize the cost of electricity supply through trade, both regionally and for participating countries such as Zambia, specifically. ZESCO, as an intended implementing agency for the SOP2 Project, has started preparation of the Project and is supported by Cities and Infrastructure for Growth Zambia (CIGZambia) and the World Bank to finalize project planning with associated required technical, environmental and social studies. The World Bank has agreed in principle to provide the majority of the financing for the Project, with a budgetary estimate of $280M including associated project management and capacity building costs. The Project is likely to be co-financed with smaller contributions from EU and UK Government through FCDO. This report presents the outcomes of the ESMP developed to support and accompany the ESIA prepared on the preferred route option that was selected following an analysis of alternatives that considered technical, social, and environmental constraints. The ESMP is divided in ten main chapters, including the introduction, project description, impacts and mitigation, specific management plans, institutional framework, training, monitoring plan, implementation schedule, cost summary, and finally references. The Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project (ZTIP) has evolved considerably since its initiation in late 2013. The design of the ZTIP Project involves optimization directly aligned with the avoidance and reduction of associated impacts in combining the ZTIP alignment with exiting transmission line (in between Pensulo and Kasama) or in combining two single circuit lines in a single wayleave and mounted on the same pylons (combined with the Kasama-Nakonde single circuit 330kV line). The ZTIP main components are now: ─ The Kasama-Nakonde section which consists of: ▪ 212 km of a 330kV double-circuit transmission line from Kasama to Nakonde; ▪ A new 330/132/66kV substation at Nakonde (; ▪ 15 km of a 400kV double-circuit transmission line from Nakonde to the Zambia – Tanzania border, operated at 330kV; ▪ 12 km of a 132kV double circuit from Nakonde to Isoka (loop in and out of 66kV Isoka - Nakonde line). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xiii ─ The Pensulo-Kasama section which consists of: ▪ 386 km of a 330kV single-circuit transmission line between the Pensulo and Kasama Substations, via the Mpika Substation; this line will be more or less parallel to an existing 330kV single-circuit transmission line (Pensulo to Mpika 186 km and Mpika to Kasama 200 km); ▪ Expansion works on the existing substations at Pensulo, Mpika and Kasama; ▪ Installation of Dynamic Voltage Support Device (±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM) and associated substation works at Pensulo Substation. The design of the ZTIP Project involves optimization directly aligned with the avoidance and reduction of associated impacts in combining the ZTIP alignment with existing transmission line (in between Pensulo and Kasama) or in combining two single circuit lines in a single wayleave and mounted on the same pylons (combined with the Kasama-Nakonde single circuit 330kV line). The configurations above have been confirmed by the Project Implementation Unit and financiers and are presented in detail in the Project’s Final Design Documents. Pylon heights will vary in function of voltage level and technical requirements caused by local constraints such as topography, line spans, crossings of infrastructure, etc. Tower heights will range from 18m (minimal tower height for the 132kV line) to 60.8m (maximum height for the 400kV line). Width of the right-of way had to be determined to satisfy minimum technical requirements and comply with the Energy Regulation Board (ERB) Wayleave Code of Practice standards which ZESCO uses. ROW will vary according to the voltage level. Furthermore, width of the acquired wayleave varies along the alignment, depending on whether or not the Project is paired with another ZESCO wayleave. The additional wayleaves required can be summarized as follows: ─ 60 m for the double-circuit 400kV line between Nakonde and the Tanzanian border; ─ 50 m when the new 330kV line wayleave is not paired with another existing wayleave; ─ 35 m for 330kV line segments paired with the existing 330kV line present between Pensulo and Kasama; ─ 32 m for the 132kV between the Nakonde substation and linking to the 66kV Isoka-Nakonde line. LOCATION The transmission line will stretch between the Tanzanian border to Pensulo, crossing Serenje, Chitambo, Lavushimanda, Mpika, Kanchibiya, Kasama, Mungwi, Senga Hill and lastly Nakonde districts. Global Project location is illustrated on the Map below. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xiv ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 28°0'0"E 29°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 31°0'0"E 32°0'0"E 33°0'0"E 34°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E Direct Impact Area 8°0'0"S Tanzania 8°0'0"S Project Components N Proposed 330kV Transmission Line Proposed 132kV Transmission Line Mbeya ! 9°0'0"S d 9°0'0"S Substation ! Nakonde Project Line Route d 10°0'0"S 10°0'0"S DIRECT IMPACT AREA d Kasama ! Democratic Republic Zambia of Congo 11°0'0"S 11°0'0"S Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Mpika d ! Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 12°0'0"S Update 12°0'0"S CONGO, TANZANIA Map 1 DRC Mozambique Global Project Location Sources : ESRI, World Street Map Pensulo 13°0'0"S ESRI, Rivers and Lakes 13°0'0"S d! MapLibrary, Africa World Zambia Ministry of Land, districts ZESCO, ZTK II line route (2019-09-30), Interconnection to Tanzania (2019-10-07) MALAWI Malawi 0 40 80 km ZAMBIA UTM 36S, WGS84 28 October 2024 MOZAMBIQUE Preparation: H. Chouinard 14°0'0"S 14°0'0"S 0 200 400 km Drawing: S. Samson Validation: M. Brennan Jacot ESMP2024_241028.aprx 27°0'0"E 28°0'0"E 29°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 31°0'0"E 32°0'0"E 33°0'0"E CA0027197_7329_ESMP2_1_GlobalProjectLoca_001_241028 34°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E Boundaries and measurements shown on this document must not be used for engineering or land survey delineation. A land register analysis conducted by a land surveyor was not undertaken. INVESTMENT COST The Project costs have been estimated to USD 253,425,661,75. As for implementation schedule, activities starting from the start-up meeting of the construction contract to commissioning, are planned to require 24 months. Field construction activities are planned to begin at month 7, and therefore it will last 17 months. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO MANAGE NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE IMPACTS IDENTIFIED The environmental and social management strategy associated with the ZTIP and presented in this ESMP report is aligned with the mitigation hierarchy. Optimal project alternatives for each line route section have been selected, avoiding and reducing anticipated environmental and social impacts. Indeed, the ZTIP is planned to be mounted on same pylons of the Kasama-Nakonde 330kV line and shares part of its wayleave with the existing Pensulo- Kasama 330kV line, reducing the required additional land take. The environmental and social management strategy for the implementation of the ZTIP is also based on the development of ZESCO’s Safety, Health, Environment & Quality (SHEQ) Management System incorporating: ─ Safety, Health, Environment & Quality policy. ─ Identification of risks and impacts. ─ Various specific management plans covering notably the following: biodiversity, cultural heritage, community health and safety, occupational health and safety, emergency preparedness and response, residual material and hazardous products, pollution prevention and gender-based violence. ─ Resettlement Action Plan for the Pensulo-Kasama section. ─ Resettlement and Compensation Action Plan for the Kasama-Nakonde section. ─ Detailed management measures for all project phases. ─ Stakeholder Engagement Plan. ─ Community and Worker Grievance Mechanism. ─ Environmental and social performance monitoring. This system is aligned with mitigation hierarchy and will allow to assess risks and impacts and to manage them in compliance with national and World Bank requirements. During pre-construction and construction phase, the Contractors will be responsible to implement most of the proposed management plans and measures and also to monitor environmental and social performance. The various required management plans are developed and include: 1 Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP) sets out the requirements to mitigate and manage potential impacts on fauna, flora and their habitats and in particular on Critical Habitat Qualifying (CHQ) species and Critical Habitat (CH) during the detailed design, pre-construction, construction and rehabilitation phases of the Project. 2 Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMP) addresses the requirement of the ZTIP and its contractors to assess and manage risks and impacts related to heritage and culture. The CHMP will include the preparation of a project-specific, ‘site ready’ Chance Find Procedure (CFP), which enforce the reporting of any archaeological assets to the local authority within 48 hours of discovery. The CFP will set out the course of action to be followed in the event that any cultural heritage artefacts are discovered. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xvii 3 Community Health and Safety Management Plan (CHSMP) addresses the requirement of the ZTIP and its contractors to assess and manage risks and impacts to community health and safety. It will include control measures at work sites that effectively reduce the transmission of communicable diseases between the project workforce and communities is imperative to protect family members and others from illness and these measures are described in the OHSMP. 4 Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) aims to prevent injuries and illness during worker activities and in the workplace (exterior and interior). The scope of the OHSMP is to include all potentially affected workers on the Project. 5 Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (EPRP) sets out standard operating procedures to be followed if such emergencies occur. It covers environmental risks, disasters and emergency events that could affect or pose an impending or immediate risk to human life, health, and safety, as well as properties and surrounding environment in the project area. This includes incidents or acts that could cause harm to the workers and or nearby communities in the area of influence of the Project. 6 Residual material and hazardous products management plan (RMHPMP) identifies project-specific mitigation measures to be implemented by ZESCO and the Contractor to address waste and hazardous materials management procedures. The RMHPMP provide guidance to address the environmental obligations associated with the storage, handling, and management of residual and hazardous materials. The RMHPMP is intended to guide all waste management for the Project. Contractors and staff will conform with this RMHPMP. In some cases, contractors on the Project will be required to develop specific or tailored waste management plans for their work or contracts conforming with this RMHPMP. 7 Pollution prevention Management plan (PPMP) will identify project-specific mitigation measures to be implemented by ZESCO and the Contractor to address potential impacts related to pollution issues. The PPMP will guide all pollution prevention measures for the Project. Contractors and staff will conform with the developed PPMPs. 8 Gender-Based Violence (GBV) Action plan the two main objectives are to implement measures to prevent project-related GBV and measures to address any situations related to GBV. The framework of this action plan shall be covenanted in various binding documents of the construction Contractors, Supervising Engineer, and the GBV Contractor. 9 Worker Grievance Redress Mechanisms shall be prepared to comply with the WB’s ESS 2 and the MoE Social Safeguard Framework as soon as the construction contract is awarded, but before the works start. This document serves to provide the official framework to be developed by the Contractor for the proposed actions associated with the submittal, recording, analysis, and treatment of employee’s grievances associated with workplace concerns. ZESCO should also develop its own Worker Grievance Redress Mechanism applicable for both construction and operation phase. The objective is to respond to the complaints of project workers in a fast and transparent manner, and to ensure that they have avenues for presenting and addressing their grievances related to any aspect of the work on the ZTIP. 10 A Code of Conduct is intended to guide employees in their day-to-day activities so that they comply with the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Policies, as well as its commitment to high standards of responsibility, ethics, inclusion, and safety Responsibilities for the implementation and oversight of management measures are to be shared among several stakeholders, including relevant ministerial authorities, contractors, a Project Implementation Unit (PIU), and supervising engineers. Monitoring will be focused on, but not limited to, noise levels, electromagnetic fields, soil integrity, surface water quality, plant communities, integrity of aquatic habitats, wildlife poaching, bird collisions, social and economic advantages for local communities, community health and safety, gender-based violence and occupational health and safety. Training and capacity building requirements for the successful implementation of the ESMP are provided as well as an implementation schedule and cost summary of associated mitigation and monitoring requirements. Estimated costs for ESMP implementation during the pre-construction and construction phase include a lump sum of 2,225,000 USD as well as yearly costs of 377,500 USD (those yearly costs will be incurred during the expected 12 months of preconstruction as well as 27 months of construction). Estimated costs during the operation phase include a lump sum of 675,000 USD as well as yearly costs of 292,000 USD. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xviii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE TABLE OF 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................1-1 REGIONAL BACKGROUND .............................1-1 CONTENTS 1.2 1.3 PROJECT BACKGROUND ...............................1-1 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS ...........1-2 1.4 REPORT OBJECTIVES AND CONTENTS .......1-3 1.5 REPORT STRUCTURE .....................................1-4 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................2-1 2.1 OVERVIEW ........................................................2-1 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND CONFIGURATION .............................................2-7 2.2.1 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ...................................................... 2-7 2.2.2 GENERAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION FOR ZAMBIA .......... 2-8 2.2.3 PROPOSED LINE ROUTES .................................................. 2-9 2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS ............................. 2-13 2.3.1 TRANSMISSION LINE .......................................................... 2-13 2.3.2 SUBSTATIONS ..................................................................... 2-17 2.3.3 TEMPORARY FACILITIES ................................................... 2-20 2.4 PROJECT COSTS AND SCHEDULE ............ 2-21 2.5 PROJECT REQUIREMENTS ......................... 2-22 2.5.1 AGGREGATES, GRAVEL, AND SAND ............................... 2-22 2.5.2 WATER .................................................................................. 2-22 2.5.3 PERSONNEL ........................................................................ 2-22 2.5.4 CAMP SITES ......................................................................... 2-23 2.5.5 LOCAL SUPPLIES AND SERVICES (FOOD, MEDICAL ATTENTION, AND FUEL) .................................................... 2-23 2.5.6 ELECTRICITY ....................................................................... 2-23 2.6 PROJECT ACTIVITIES ................................... 2-23 2.6.1 PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE ........................................... 2-23 2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE .................................................... 2-24 2.6.3 OPERATION PHASE ............................................................ 2-24 2.6.4 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ............................................. 2-24 3 KEY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .........................................3-1 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES .......................................................3-1 3.1.1 SUMMARY OF DESIGN MEASURES ................................... 3-1 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xix 3.1.2 PRE-CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION .................. 3-2 3.1.3 OPERATION ......................................................................... 3-23 3.1.4 DECOMMISSIONING ........................................................... 3-31 4 SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PLANS.....4-1 4.1 BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN ............4-2 4.1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 4-2 4.1.2 OBJECTIVES .......................................................................... 4-3 4.1.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... 4-3 4.1.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS ...................... 4-7 4.1.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-28 4.1.6 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-29 4.1.7 DEVELOPMENT OF DETAILED BMP ................................ 4-35 4.2 CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................... 4-35 4.2.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-35 4.2.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-36 4.2.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-37 4.2.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES ............................................... 4-38 4.2.5 CHANCE FIND PROCEDURE ............................................. 4-40 4.2.6 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-41 4.2.7 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-43 4.3 COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................... 4-45 4.3.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-45 4.3.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-45 4.3.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-46 4.3.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................... 4-48 4.3.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-53 4.3.6 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-55 4.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................... 4-57 4.4.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-57 4.4.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-57 4.4.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-57 4.4.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................... 4-59 4.4.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-62 4.4.6 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-63 4.5 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN .......................................... 4-65 4.5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-65 4.5.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-65 4.5.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-66 4.5.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................... 4-67 WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xx ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.5.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-74 4.5.6 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-76 4.6 RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT PLAN .............. 4-77 4.6.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-77 4.6.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-78 4.6.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-78 4.6.4 WASTE STREAMS CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION .................................................................. 4-80 4.6.5 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................... 4-81 4.6.6 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 4-93 4.6.7 MONITORING ....................................................................... 4-94 4.7 POLLUTION PREVENTION MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................... 4-96 4.7.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 4-96 4.7.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................ 4-96 4.7.3 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................. 4-96 4.7.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................... 4-99 4.7.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................... 4-101 4.7.6 MONITORING ..................................................................... 4-102 4.8 GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................... 4-106 4.8.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 4-106 4.8.2 OBJECTIVES ...................................................................... 4-106 4.8.3 REQUIREMENTS ............................................................... 4-107 4.8.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS .................. 4-110 4.8.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................... 4-119 4.8.6 GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN PROCEDURE ...................... 4-121 4.8.7 MONITORING ..................................................................... 4-124 4.9 WORKER GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ................................................ 4-126 4.9.1 SUBMITTING A GRIEVANCE ............................................ 4-126 4.9.2 RECORDING OF THE GRIEVANCE ................................. 4-127 4.9.3 GRIEVANCE EVALUATION AND RESOLUTION ............ 4-127 4.9.4 GRIEVANCE RESPONSE AND AGREEMENT ON NEXT STEPS ................................................................................. 4-127 4.9.5 RESOLUTION AND FOLLOW-UP ..................................... 4-128 4.9.6 RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................... 4-128 4.10 CODE OF CONDUCT ................................... 4-128 5 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .........5-1 5.1 ESMP MANAGEMENT DURING PRE- CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES .............................................................5-1 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xxi 5.2 INSTITUTIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ESMP .................................................................5-1 5.2.1 GOVERNMENT OF ZAMBIA AND PROJECT SPONSORS ............................................................................ 5-2 5.2.2 PROJECT OWNER: ZESCO BOARD AND MANAGEMENT ....................................................................... 5-2 5.2.3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU) .......................... 5-2 5.2.4 GRM FOCAL POINTS AND GBV CONTRACTOR ............... 5-4 5.2.5 SUPERVISING ENGINEER ................................................... 5-8 5.2.6 CONTRACTORS ..................................................................... 5-9 5.3 OPERATION PHASE ...................................... 5-10 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAM ..................6-1 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SURVEILLANCE................................................6-2 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING ................................................. 6-10 7 INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY-BUILDING AND TRAINING NEEDS ......................7-1 7.1 REINFORCEMENT OF WORKERS AND FIELD WORKERS' SPECIFIC CAPACITIES ....7-4 7.2 COMMUNITIES’ AWARENESS AND TRAINING ..........................................................7-4 7.3 ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY ASSESSMENT ...................................................7-4 8 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ........8-1 9 COST SUMMARY ................................9-1 10 REFERENCES ...................................10-1 WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xxii ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE TABLES TABLE 2-1 REGIONAL INTERCONNECTION FOR THE EAPP (EXISTING AND PLANNED) ................................................2-1 TABLE 2-2 REGIONAL INTERCONNECTION FOR THE SAPP (EXISTING AND PLANNED) ................................................2-2 TABLE 2-3 TOWER CHARACTERISTICS .............. 2-14 TABLE 2-4 CURRENT ROW MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ZAMBIA ....................... 2-16 TABLE 2-5 SUBSTATION ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................. 2-19 TABLE 2-6 SUBSTATION ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................. 2-19 TABLE 2-7 NUMBER OF LINE, BUSBAR SHUNT REACTORS AND NEUTRAL COMPENSATOR REACTORS (NCR) AT EACH SUBSTATION ............................. 2-20 TABLE 3-1 SUMMARY OF DESIGN MEASURES ..............................................3-1 TABLE 3-2 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE PRE- CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES ...................................................3-3 TABLE 3-3 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE OPERATION PHASE ............................ 3-25 TABLE 3-4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE............... 3-33 TABLE 4-1 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PLANS ......................................................4-2 TABLE 4-2 POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS OF CRITICAL HABITAT QUALIFYING BIODIVERSITY FEATURES WITH THE PROJECT .........................................4-7 TABLE 4-3 HABITAT TYPES IN THE ROW IN THE DIFFERENT FOREST RESERVES AFFECTED ....................... 4-14 TABLE 4-4 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF BIRD DIVERTERS PER BIRD HABITAT SENSITIVITY AREA .............................. 4-23 TABLE 4-5 SUMMARY TABLE OF BIODIVERSITY MONITORING MEASURES ........................................... 4-30 TABLE 4-6 TIMELINES OF KEY ACTIONS TO ADDRESS GAPS AND CONFIRM NG AND NNL ACTIONS........................ 4-35 TABLE 4-7 CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT MEASURES ................ 4-39 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xxiii TABLE 4-8 CULTURAL HERITAGE MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK .... 4-44 TABLE 4-9 COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK .... 4-56 TABLE 4-10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK ....................................... 4-64 TABLE 4-11 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK ............................. 4-76 TABLE 4-12 PHYSICAL PARAMETER LIMITS FOR EFFLUENTS AND WASTE WATER DISCHARGED INTO THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT ................... 4-79 TABLE 4-13 NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT ..................................... 4-82 TABLE 4-14 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT .......... 4-84 TABLE 4-15 HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ..................................... 4-86 TABLE 4-16 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT ..................................... 4-89 TABLE 4-17 MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS ......... 4-91 TABLE 4-18 MONITORING PLAN FOR RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ..................................... 4-95 TABLE 4-19 GUIDELINE LIMITS FOR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTANTS ................................ 4-98 TABLE 4-20 POLLUTION PREVENTION MANAGEMENT ..................................... 4-99 TABLE 4-21 MONITORING FOR ALL PROJECT PHASES .............................................. 4-103 TABLE 4-22 TABLE SOCIAL AWARENESS PROGRAMME DESCRIPTION, GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................... 4-117 TABLE 4-23 GBV ACTION PLAN ACTORS DURING PROJECT PREPARATION .. 4-119 TABLE 4-24 GBV ACTORS DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION ................................ 4-120 TABLE 4-25 GENDER AND SOCIAL REPORTING METRICS ............................................. 4-125 TABLE 4-26 GBV AND GENDER INCLUSION RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS ................................ 4-126 TABLE 6-1 SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL COMPLIANCE MEASURES ..............................................6-4 TABLE 6-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING COMPONENTS............. 6-11 TABLE 7-1 CAPACITY-BUILDING AND TRAINING PROGRAM ...............................................7-2 WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xxiv ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE TABLE 8-1 ESMP AND RAP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE – LINE AND SUBSTATIONS ............................................8-3 TABLE 9-1 PRELIMINARY ESMP BUDGET ESTIMATE BASED ON MAIN COSTS..........................................................9-2 FIGURES FIGURE 2-1 EXISTING AND PROJECTED INTERCONNECTION POWERLINES IN THE EASTERN AFRICA POWER POOL ............................................................ 2-3 FIGURE 2-2 EXISTING AND PLANNED INTERCONNECTOR PROJECTS OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN POWER POOL ....... 2-4 FIGURE 2-3 ZESCO ELECTRICITY GRID ....................... 2-5 FIGURE 2-4 COMBINED USE OF SELF-SUPPORTING AND GUYED SINGLE-CIRCUIT TOWERS .................................................... 2-14 FIGURE 2-5 TYPICAL DC SUSPENSION DOUBLE- CIRCUIT TOWERS .................................... 2-15 FIGURE 2-6 EXAMPLE OF A 400KV DOUBLE-CIRCUIT TRANSMISSION LINE ............................................................ 2-15 FIGURE 4-1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF BIRD DIVERTERS ............................................... 4-23 FIGURE 4-2 PROCESS TO ENSURE PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES ............................................. 4-38 FIGURE 4-3 RESPONSE PROCEDURE ........................ 4-68 FIGURE 4-4 RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX ................... 4-70 FIGURE 4-5 HIERARCHICAL APPROACH FOR RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ..................... 4-81 FIGURE 4-6 GBV PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES AND ACTIVITIES ACTORS FOR EACH PHASE OF THE PROJECT ................................................. 4-111 FIGURE 5-1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION DURING PRE-CONSTRUCTION/ CONSTRUCTION PHASE............................ 5-1 FIGURE 6-1 RETROACTIVE MECHANISM FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION ...................................... 6-1 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xxv MAPS MAP 2-1 PROPOSED LINE ROUTE ........................ 2-11 MAP 4-1 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, NAKONDE - KASAMA SEGMENT ................................................. 4-17 MAP 4-2 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, KASAMA - MPIKA SEGMENT ................................................. 4-19 MAP 4-3 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, MPIKA - PENSULO SEGMENT ................................................. 4-21 APPENDICES (VOLUME 2) 1-1 DECISION LETTER FOR THE ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 1-2 DECISION LETTER FOR THE KASAMA-NAKONDE 330/132 KV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 1-3 EXTENDED DECISION LETTER FOR THE KASAMA- NAKONDE 330/132 KV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 2-1 PROJECT COMPONENT COORDINATES 2-2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN DRAWINGS 2-3 SUBSTATION CONFIGURATION DRAWINGS 2-4 DETAILS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE 3-1 WBG EHS GUIDELINES - ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 3-2 ZESCO SHEQ POLICY 3-3 WBG EHS GUIDELINES - WASTE MANAGEMENT 3-4 WBG EBRD GUIDELINES - WORKER ACCOMMODATIONS 5-1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xxvi ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE TABLES TABLE 2-1 REGIONAL INTERCONNECTION FOR THE EAPP (EXISTING AND PLANNED) ...........................................2-1 TABLE 2-2 REGIONAL INTERCONNECTION FOR THE SAPP (EXISTING AND PLANNED) ...........................................2-2 TABLE 2-3 TOWER CHARACTERISTICS ......... 2-14 TABLE 2-4 CURRENT ROW MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ZAMBIA .................. 2-16 TABLE 2-5 SUBSTATION ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ........................ 2-19 TABLE 2-6 SUBSTATION ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS ........................ 2-19 TABLE 2-7 NUMBER OF LINE, BUSBAR SHUNT REACTORS AND NEUTRAL COMPENSATOR REACTORS (NCR) AT EACH SUBSTATION ........................ 2-20 TABLE 3-1 SUMMARY OF DESIGN MEASURES .........................................3-1 TABLE 3-2 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE PRE- CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES ................3-3 TABLE 3-3 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE OPERATION PHASE ....................... 3-25 TABLE 3-4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE.......... 3-33 TABLE 4-1 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PLANS..........4-2 TABLE 4-2 POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS OF CRITICAL HABITAT QUALIFYING BIODIVERSITY FEATURES WITH THE PROJECT .........................................4-7 TABLE 4-3 HABITAT TYPES IN THE ROW IN THE DIFFERENT FOREST RESERVES AFFECTED ........................4-14 TABLE 4-4 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF BIRD DIVERTERS PER BIRD HABITAT SENSITIVITY AREA ...............................4-23 TABLE 4-5 SUMMARY TABLE OF BIODIVERSITY MONITORING MEASURES ............................................4-30 TABLE 4-6 TIMELINES OF KEY ACTIONS TO ADDRESS GAPS AND CONFIRM NG AND NNL ACTIONS .........................4-35 TABLE 4-7 CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT MEASURES .................4-39 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xxiii TABLE 4-8 CULTURAL HERITAGE MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK .....4-44 TABLE 4-9 COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK .....4-56 TABLE 4-10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK ........................................4-64 TABLE 4-11 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE MONITORING PLAN FRAMEWORK ..............................4-76 TABLE 4-12 PHYSICAL PARAMETER LIMITS FOR EFFLUENTS AND WASTE WATER DISCHARGED INTO THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT ....................4-79 TABLE 4-13 NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT ......................................4-82 TABLE 4-14 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ...........4-84 TABLE 4-15 HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ......................................4-86 TABLE 4-16 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT ......................................4-89 TABLE 4-17 MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS ..........4-91 TABLE 4-18 MONITORING PLAN FOR RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ......................................4-95 TABLE 4-19 GUIDELINE LIMITS FOR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTANTS .................................4-98 TABLE 4-20 POLLUTION PREVENTION MANAGEMENT ......................................4-99 TABLE 4-21 MONITORING FOR ALL PROJECT PHASES ...............................................4-103 TABLE 4-22 TABLE SOCIAL AWARENESS PROGRAMME DESCRIPTION, GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN ..........................4-117 TABLE 4-23 GBV ACTION PLAN ACTORS DURING PROJECT PREPARATION ...4-119 TABLE 4-24 GBV ACTORS DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION .................................4-120 TABLE 4-25 GENDER AND SOCIAL REPORTING METRICS ..............................................4-125 TABLE 4-26 GBV AND GENDER INCLUSION RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS .................................4-126 TABLE 6-1 SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL COMPLIANCE MEASURES .........................................6-4 TABLE 6-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING COMPONENTS ........ 6-11 TABLE 7-1 CAPACITY-BUILDING AND TRAINING PROGRAM ..........................................7-2 WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xxiv ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE TABLE 8-1 ESMP AND RAP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE – LINE AND SUBSTATIONS....................................8-3 TABLE 9-1 PRELIMINARY ESMP BUDGET ESTIMATE BASED ON MAIN COSTS .................................................9-2 FIGURES FIGURE 2-1 EXISTING AND PROJECTED INTERCONNECTION POWERLINES IN THE EASTERN AFRICA POWER POOL ...................................................2-3 FIGURE 2-2 EXISTING AND PLANNED INTERCONNECTOR PROJECTS OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN POWER POOL ...................................................2-4 FIGURE 2-3 ZESCO ELECTRICITY GRID ..............2-5 FIGURE 2-4 COMBINED USE OF SELF- SUPPORTING AND GUYED SINGLE- CIRCUIT TOWERS .......................... 2-14 FIGURE 2-5 TYPICAL DC SUSPENSION DOUBLE- CIRCUIT TOWERS .......................... 2-15 FIGURE 2-6 EXAMPLE OF A 400KV DOUBLE- CIRCUIT TRANSMISSION LINE ...... 2-15 FIGURE 4-1 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF BIRD DIVERTERS ..................................... 4-23 FIGURE 4-2 PROCESS TO ENSURE PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES ................ 4-38 FIGURE 4-3 RESPONSE PROCEDURE .............. 4-68 FIGURE 4-4 RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX ......... 4-70 FIGURE 4-5 HIERARCHICAL APPROACH FOR RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT ................................ 4-81 FIGURE 4-6 GBV PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MEASURES AND ACTIVITIES ACTORS FOR EACH PHASE OF THE PROJECT ....................................... 4-111 FIGURE 5-1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION DURING PRE-CONSTRUCTION/ CONSTRUCTION PHASE ...................5-1 FIGURE 6-1 RETROACTIVE MECHANISM FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION ..................6-1 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE xxv MAPS MAP 2-1 PROPOSED LINE ROUTE ............... 2-11 MAP 4-1 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, NAKONDE - KASAMA SEGMENT ........................................ 4-17 MAP 4-2 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, KASAMA - MPIKA SEGMENT ........................................ 4-19 MAP 4-3 AVIFAUNA FLYWAYS AND HABITAT SENSITIVITY, MPIKA - PENSULO SEGMENT ........................................ 4-21 APPENDICES (VOLUME 2) 1-1 DECISION LETTER FOR THE ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 1-2 DECISION LETTER FOR THE KASAMA-NAKONDE 330/132 KV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 1-3 EXTENDED DECISION LETTER FOR THE KASAMA-NAKONDE 330/132 KV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT 2-1 ZTIP PENSULO - NAKONDE CORNER POINTS COORDINATES 2-2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN DRAWINGS 2-3 SUBSTATION CONFIGURATION DRAWINGS 2-4 DETAILS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE 3-1 WBG EHS GUIDELINES - ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 3-2 ZESCO SHEQ POLICY 3-3 WBG EHS GUIDELINES - WASTE MANAGEMENT 3-4 WBG EBRD GUIDELINES - WORKER ACCOMMODATIONS 4-1 INCIDENT FORM TEMPLATE 5-1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT xxvi ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 1 INTRODUCTION This Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been prepared for the Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project. The Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector connects the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) and East Africa Power Pool (EAPP) for the first time. SAPP currently has 12 member countries, and EAPP has 13 member countries. The interconnector between Zambia and Tanzania is the critical point of connection between the two power pools and will in future facilitate power trading transactions between countries as far south as South Africa and as far north as Libya. 1.1 REGIONAL BACKGROUND Regional integration plays a vital role in Southern and Eastern Africa’s economic growth and ability to weather economic downturns, and remains a political priority in both Southern and Eastern Africa, where the regional integration agenda has been driven by several regional economic cooperation and trade initiatives and blocs established since the 1990s. Abundant, diverse energy resources in Southern and Eastern Africa underpin significant potential benefits from regional energy sector integration. The growing need to address national electricity supply and demand imbalances, in the most cost-effective manner, boosted interest in cross-border electricity trade and resulted in the establishment of the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) in 1995, and the Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP) in 2005, under the umbrellas of Southern African Development Community (SADC) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), respectively. The objectives of the SAPP and EAPP are to coordinate power pool operations and implement regional power trade. The SAPP is now the most advanced power pool on the continent and its role aligns with the SADC 1996 Protocol on Energy, which acts as a policy framework for effective use and development of energy in the region. The EAPP on the other hand, compared to SAPP, is nascent in its development but is making rapid advances to interconnect and reap the benefits of stronger regional integration. Increasing interconnections among the EAPP countries and the link to SAPP will create a large subcontinental market that could pave the way for greater regional integration in other sectors. With the planned interconnection of the EAPP and SAPP, both power pools are working on the harmonization of rules and procedures to enable mutually beneficial trade across the potentially largest interconnected geography in the world. Increased power trade between countries will work to deepen regional integration and build trust among countries. 1.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND While there are a few possible corridors for interconnecting SAPP and EAPP, the most advanced one is connecting Zambia-Tanzania-Kenya (also called “ZTK”). The ZTK corridor is a long stretch, but many sections of the transmission corridor have already been constructed, or have the financing secured and are awaiting construction. For example, the backbone section in Tanzania is completed, and the interconnection between Kenya and Tanzania is under construction. Therefore, the link between Zambia and Tanzania (or Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project, or ZTIP) remains the last section to enable the SAPP and EAPP to be interconnected. ZTIP is being contemplated as a series of the following two related projects: ─ Scope of Project 1 (SOP1) is the first Project and its aim is to enhance the power transmission infrastructure within the southern regions of Tanzania, up to the border with Zambia, and the institutional capacity of the Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO), it was approved on June 18, 2018, and is expected to be completed by 2025. ─ Scope of Project 2 (SOP2) is the current Project (Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project) which aims to increase the firm capacity of the interconnection with Tanzania and enhance the transmission and distribution network capacity in the northern regions of Zambia, enabling access expansion. The full integration of SAPP and EAPP would create the largest geographic energy market in the world, from Cape to Cairo. The Zambia-Tanzania interconnector will lead towards market expansion for participating countries, improvement in their energy security, facilitate the diversification of energy sources, enable the sharing of generation reserves, and optimize the cost of electricity supply through trade, both regionally and for participating countries such as Zambia, specifically. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 1-1 ZESCO, as an intended implementing agency for the SOP2 Project, has started preparation of the Project. Cities and Infrastructure for Growth Zambia (CIGZambia) is a facility set up with the objective of providing high quality independent technical advice and assistance to Zambian government bodies and private sector organisations engaged in projects and programmes that will help harness the potential of Zambia’s cities and towns to act as drivers for economic growth and job creation. CIGZambia is funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO). CIGZambia is currently assisting the Ministry of Energy to prepare Zambia’s first Integrated Resources Plan (IRP) for the electricity sector and to close the financing gap to realise the IRP’s objectives. A set of energy projects have been identified as requiring CIGZambia’s support and the ZTIP is one of them, which are expected to raise financing and are aligned to the IRP. The World Bank has agreed in principle to provide the majority of the financing for the Project, with a budgetary estimate of $280M including associated project management and capacity building costs. The Project is likely to be co-financed with smaller contributions from EU and UK Government through FCDO. 1.3 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS The Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project (ZTIP) has significantly evolved since its initiation in late 2013. The Project was then coordinated by the Nile Basin Initiative / Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Program (NBI/NELSAP). The original design aimed at connecting the cities of Mbeya (Tanzania) and Kasama (Zambia). This design was later reconsidered to reach the city of Kabwe in Zambia, allowing for improved interconnection of the respective countries’ electrical networks. This alternative design kept the Mbeya to Kasama link but also included a link between Nakonde (in Zambia, near the Tanzania-Zambia border) and Mpika (Zambia), and an additional link between Mpika and Kabwe. In 2015-16, the design was again revised for the section in Zambia, abandoning the Nakonde - Mpika link and replacing it by a link between Kasama and Mpika. In 2017, the design was further refined to reduce the length of the line without reducing the power transmission capacity. The Mpika-Kabwe section was shortened by relocating the end point of the line in Pensulo. An environmental and social scoping report was then prepared in early 2017, to present the retained design for the Zambian section of the Project to the Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA). This scoping report included the proposed terms of reference for conduction of the present Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), covering the retained Project design, and was submitted to ZEMA on June 1, 2017. The Scoping Report and corresponding Terms of Reference (ToRs) were then approved by ZEMA through a letter to ZESCO dated June 27, 2017. A draft ESIA and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) were then produced and submitted to ZESCO in October 2017. The design was again revisited in 2019 and the following adjustments were made: ─ A new alignment proposed between Mpika and Pensulo to reduce the overall length and the amount of required vegetation clearing. The revised alignment does not encroach on Kasanka National Park’s bird migration area, avoids planned development land within the Lavushi Manda District Council, and avoids a farm block of concern; ─ A new alignment proposed to avoid wetlands/dambo areas and farm holdings; ─ A route adjustment south of Kasama to reduce the number of river crossings and to follow existing linear disturbance. An ESIA, an ESMP and a revised RAP were produced to reflect the 2019 route refinement and updates related to decommissioning, cumulative impacts, gender-based violence, sexual exploitation and abuse, and aspects of the biological environment (i.e., birds, large mammals, bats, protected areas, etc.). These updates were completed in compliance with national requirements and with the outdated World Bank’s Operational Policies. The ESIA was submitted to ZEMA on October 25, 2023, and a decision letter (ref.: ZEMA/EIA/EIS/EAC17/924) was delivered by ZEMA on March 19, 2024 (see Appendix 1-1). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 1-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE In parallel, ZESCO conducted an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and a Resettlement and Compensation Action Plan (RCAP) of a second line from Kasama to Nakonde, as part of a project under a Chinese contractor (ICBC funding) based on a single circuit 330kV line design which was approved by ZEMA in 2017 (see Decision letter of August 1, 2017, ref.: ZEMA/EIA/EIS/540 in Appendix 1-2). Structures affected by the project were compensated for, and the owners have since been relocated. At that time, there were thus two proposals for the Kasama Nakonde stretch running parallel, the ICBC project and the ZTIP Phase II Project. The contract under the ICBC funding was cancelled in 2022 and it was therefore proposed that the ZTIP shall use the wayleave for the Kasama-Nakonde single circuit 330kV line under ICBC funding. The revised scope shall have both lines as a double circuit 330kV line on single structure. ZEMA, on August 8, 2023, has granted ZESCO a No Objection to the extension of the validity of the Decision Letter for this line section (see Appendix 1-3). The alignment for the section in between Pensulo and Kasama remains the same. The ZTIP main components are now: ─ The Kasama-Nakonde section which consists of: ▪ 212 km of a 330kV double-circuit transmission line from Kasama to Nakonde; ▪ A new 330/132/66kV substation at Nakonde (including installation of dynamic voltage support devices [±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM]); ▪ 15 km of a 400kV double-circuit transmission line from Nakonde to the Zambia – Tanzania border; ▪ 12 km of a 132kV double circuit from Nakonde to Isoka (loop in and out of 66kV Isoka - Nakonde line). ─ The Pensulo-Kasama section which consists of: ▪ 386 km of a 330kV single-circuit transmission line between the Pensulo and Kasama Substations, via the Mpika Substation; this line will be more or less parallel to an existing 330kV single-circuit transmission line (Pensulo to Mpika 186 km and Mpika to Kasama 200 km); ▪ Expansion works on the existing substations at Pensulo, Mpika and Kasama; ▪ Installation of Dynamic Voltage Support Device (±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM) and associated substation works at Pensulo Substation. 1.4 REPORT OBJECTIVES AND CONTENTS All project components are covered by a valid Decision letter by ZEMA. The completion of an updated Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Environmental and Social Management Plan that meet the Zambian and World Bank’s requirements is the main pre-condition for the submission to the Board of the World Bank for the funding of the ZTIP. A full update of these documents will be completed to meet the requirements of the Zambian standards (primarily set by the Zambian Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA)) and the most recent applicable World Bank Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) and associated environment, health and safety (EHS) guidelines (general and Electric Power Transmission and Distribution). This ESMP is derived from the ESIA and supporting specialist studies. Both the ESIA and the ESMP are integral part of the overall impact identification and management strategy. The purpose of the ESMP is to provide a document that sets out how the main environmental, socioeconomic, and occupational health and safety (OHS) impacts, as identified in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), will be managed across pre-construction, construction, and operation phases. The ESMP identifies a set of measures and specific management plans with obligations and responsibilities of each one of the parties involved in the Project, as well as the methodology and procedures that must be followed. Note that the ESMP will be a ‘living document’ that will be continually refined over the life of the Project to incorporate the most updated available information. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 1-3 Before Project Implementation, a detailed Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) shall be developed, including all tools designed to ensure compliance with policies relating to the Project's sustainable development. The ESMS will bring together all the measures to avoid, mitigate and compensate potential impact resulting from the project’s pre-construction, construction and operation phases on the natural and social environments. The main objectives of the ESMP are to: ─ Describe management of mitigation measures and other environmental and social (E&S) measures to enhance E&S protection; ─ Define specific environmental and social management plans and associated commitments to be developed by contractors and ZESCO; ─ Identify responsibilities and timing for implementation of E&S management measures as well as costs for their implementation. 1.5 REPORT STRUCTURE The ESMP builds on information obtained in previous stages of the Project, including development of the ESIA which has involved desktop analyses, stakeholder consultations, and targeted field data collection studies. The ESMP is structured as follows: ─ Chapter 1 – Introduction: outlines the context for the Project and ESIA; ─ Chapter 2 – Project Description: provides a detailed description of Project components and activities covered by this ESMP; ─ Chapter 3 – Key Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures: summarizes impacts and provides an impact mitigation plan for the Project; ─ Chapter 4 – Specific Management Plans: provides a clear framework to ensure compliance with the best international industry practices for Community Health and Safety, Biodiversity Management, the Grievance Redress, the Occupational Health and Safety, the Emergency Preparedness and Response, the Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management, and Cultural Heritage Management; ─ Chapter 5 – Institutional Framework: provides a description of the institutional arrangements proposed for ensuring proper implementation of the ESMP; and ZESCO’s environmental and social policies and commitments; ─ Chapter 6 – Institutional Capacity Building, Awareness Creation and Training Needs: provides a high- level overview of the program aimed at strengthening institutional environmental and social capacity; ─ Chapter 7 – Monitoring Plan: presents the environmental and social monitoring strategy developed to ensure proper follow-up and quantification of environmental and social effects of the Project, corrective action, management review and auditing; ─ Chapter 8 – Implementation Schedule: provides an overview of the key logical steps necessary to ensure the efficient implementation of the ESMP, avoid redundant efforts, and allow for coordination of all key Project parties; ─ Chapter 9 – Cost Summary: provides a summary of the preliminary ESMP costs. As required by Zambian regulations, the ESMP is submitted as a standalone report. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 1-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 OVERVIEW The Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project connects the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) and Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP) for the first time. SAPP currently has 12 member countries, and EAPP has 13 member countries. The interconnection between Zambia and Tanzania is the critical point of connection between the two power pools and will in the future facilitate power trading transactions between countries as far south as South Africa and as far north as Libya. Currently, powerlines cover only a few regions of different countries and several networks are not connected. Table 3-1 and 3-2 respectively indicates the existing and projected regional interconnection of the EAPP and SAPP. Table 2-1 Regional Interconnection for the EAPP (Existing and Planned) Country Voltage or MegaWatts Status Egypt and Jordania 600 MW Existing Egypt and Saudi Arabia 3000 MW Proposed Egypt and Sudan 6000 MW Proposed Ethiopia and Sudan 200 MW Existing Ethiopia and Sudan 6400 MW Proposed Ethiopia and Djibouti 180 MW Existing Ethiopia and Kenya 2000 MW Commissioned in 2022 Uganda and Kenya 220kV / 118 MW Existing Uganda and Kenya 300 MW Existing Uganda and Kenya 2060 MW Proposed Uganda and Tanzania 59 MW Existing Uganda and Tanzania 700 MW Proposed Uganda and Rwanda 250 MW Existing Uganda and DR-Congo 220kV / 520 MW Proposed Tanzania and Kenya 400kV (1520 MW) To be commissioned in 2024 DR-Congo and Burundi 220kV Existing DR-Congo and Rwanda 220kV Existing DR-Congo and Tanzania 220kV Existing Burundi, DR-Congo, and Rwanda 220kV Existing DR-Congo and Burundi 220kV Existing Reference: Medinilla et al. 2019. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-1 Table 2-2 Regional Interconnection for the SAPP (Existing and Planned) Country Voltage Status Angola and Democratic Republic of To be determined Planned Congo Angola and Namibia To be determined Planned Bostwana and South Africa 3 X 132kV and 1 X 400kV Existing Bostwana and Zimbabwe 1 X 132kV and 1 X 400kV Existing Eswatini and South Africa 1 X 132kV and 1 X 400kV Existing Eswatini and Mozambique 1 X 400kV Existing Lesotho and South Africa 2 X 132kV Existing Malawi and Mozambique 400kV Planned Mozambique and South Africa 1 X 533kV, 1 X 220kV and 1X 110kV Existing Zambia and Democratic Republic of 3 X 220kV Existing Congo Zambia and Democratic Republic of 2 X 330kV Planned Congo Mozambique and Zambia 2 X 400kV Planned Mozambique and Zimbabwe 1 X 330kV Existing Namibia and South Africa 1 X 400kV Existing Tanzania and Zambia 2 X 330kV Planned Zambia and Zimbabwe 2 X 330kV Existing Reference: SAPP, 2021, with 2024 ZESCO LTD updates. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 below respectively show the different interconnection projects between countries of the EAPP and the SAPP. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Reference: Medinilla et al. 2019. Figure 2-1 Existing and Projected Interconnection Powerlines in the Eastern Africa Power Pool ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-3 Reference: Southern Africa Power Pool, 2021. Figure 2-2 Existing and Planned Interconnector Projects of the Southern African Power Pool At the regional level, interconnections help strengthen networks’ reliability. Figure 2-3 shows Zambia’s networks, which will be connected with the ZTIP. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Reference: ZESCO. Figure 2-3 ZESCO Electricity Grid ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-5 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND CONFIGURATION 2.2.1 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW The Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project (ZTIP) was initiated in September 2013, as well as a consulting services mandate awarded to WSP (at the time named GENIVAR) for the realization of the associated Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The global Project was initially limited to a 400kV interconnection between the substations of Mbeya (in Tanzania) and Nakonde in Zambia, and a 330kV line between Nakonde and Kasama (in Zambia) for a total approximate length of 300 km (100 km in Tanzania and 200 km in Zambia). In 2014 and 2015, the scope of the global Project was revised to take into consideration an extension of the transmission line between Nakonde to Mpika and then to Kabwe in Zambia, which would allow for a better interconnection of the respective countries’ electrical networks. Another revision completed in 2016 eliminated the link between Nakonde and Mpika and redirected it to link Kasama to Mpika. Another revision was performed in 2017 when technical studies concluded that a connection in Pensulo instead of Kabwe would yield comparable electricity transmission capacity and network interconnection, while also being approximately 250 km shorter. A last modification was made following acquired experiences and feedback from the implementation of a similar but separate 330kV transmission line project between Pensulo and Kasama and crossing the same area. In 2021, when the most recent ESIA was completed by WSP, the Project considered the following global alignment: ─ A double circuit 400kV line from Mbeya substation to a new substation in Tunduma in Tanzania, near the border with Zambia, where voltage will be stepped down to 330kV. ─ A double circuit 330kV line that would continue south, crossing the border with Zambia and reaching the proposed Nakonde substation, in Zambia and continuing towards the southwest to the existing Kasama substation. ─ A single circuit 330kV line that will continue further south to the existing Mpika substation, and finally to the existing Pensulo substation. ─ A 132kV double circuit line from Nakonde substation which will loop in and out of the existing 66kV Isoka - Nakonde line. This alignment amounted to 732.5 km of transmission line including 122.2 km at 400/330kV in Tanzania and 612 km at 330kV in Zambia. The Project considered in the current ESIA update is similar to the above, except for the segment between the Nakonde and Kasama substations, which will now be a double circuit line inside the right-of-way acquired by ZESCO in between Kasama-Nakonde 330kV Project. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-7 2.2.2 GENERAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION FOR ZAMBIA 2.2.2.1 CONTEXT The ZTIP Project under study is developed through the facility set-up Cities and Infrastructure for Growth Zambia (CIGZambia). This organization's main objective is to provide high quality independent technical advice and assistance to Zambian government bodies and private sector organizations engaged in projects and programs that will help harness the potential of Zambia’s cities and towns to act as drivers for economic growth and job creation. CIGZambia is funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and does not charge for its services. Its main projects to date have been to support the electricity sector, with the main relevant completed projects being: 1 Assistance to the Ministry of Energy to prepare Zambia’s first Integrated Resources Plan (IRP) for the electricity sector. The plan includes separate components relating to demand growth, generation, transmission, distribution and off-grid, and separate reports on cross-cutting impacts of climate, environment and social inclusion, implementation activities including financing and procurement, communications and monitoring and evaluation. The IRP has now entered the implementation phase. Its main recommendations contain valuable information with respect to the future investments in generation, transmission and distribution that will impact ZESCO’s own strategic and business plans. 2 Assistance to ZESCO on the ZESCO Financial Sustainability Project through strategic advisory services to stabilize its financial performance and credit-worthiness to the point where it can be considered a viable commercial counterpart to raise funding for its own existing and planned projects in power generation, transmission and distribution, and to purchase power from Independent Power Producers (‘IPPs’) that have signed, or may in future sign a Power Purchase Agreement with ZESCO. In recent years, ZESCO has experienced financial distress arising from sector challenges including insufficient tariffs, the relatively high cost of new power generation from IPPs and power imports, and the effects of climate change on Zambia’s main hydro plants, amongst other factors. As a result, there has been a need to regain the confidence of financiers and investors who in normal circumstances would be in a position to finance the majority of the projects recommended in the IRP, with a particular emphasis for this assignment on the projects to be implemented by, or connected to, ZESCO. In the current context, CIGZambia is supporting the Government of Zambia to implement the IRP and close the financing gap to realize the IRP’s objectives. A set of energy projects have been identified as requiring CIGZambia’s support, which are expected to raise financing and are aligned to the IRP. One of the specific projects identified is the Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project. 2.2.2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The ZTIP Project involves construction and operation of 330kV electricity transmission lines mounted on steel lattice pylons linking the Nakonde substation with substations in Kasama, Mpika and Pensulo. The following configurations have been adopted for the entire Project: ─ Nakonde – Kasama: two 330kV lines of alternating current mounted on one row of double circuit pylons over 212 km, for a 50 m ROW. ─ Kasama – Mpika – Pensulo: one 330kV line of alternating current, mounted on one row of single-circuit pylons over 386 km (Pensulo to Mpika 186 km and Mpika to Kasama 200 km)., for a 50 m ROW when the new 330kV line wayleave is not paired with another existing wayleave and 35m ROW for 330kV line segments when paired with the existing 330kV line. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Other recommended ZTIP Project characteristics include: ─ For the Kasama-Nakonde section: ▪ A 330/132-66/33kV substation at Nakonde (including installation of dynamic voltage support device [±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM]); ▪ 15 km of a 400kV double-circuit transmission line from Nakonde to the Zambia – Tanzania boarder; ▪ 12 km of a 132kV double circuit from Nakonde to Isoka (loop in and out of 66kV Isoka - Nakonde line); ▪ Access and maintenance roads along wayleave, where necessary. ─ For the Pensulo-Kasama section: ▪ Expansion works on the existing substations at Pensulo, Mpika and Kasama; ▪ Installation of Dynamic Voltage Support Device (±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM and associated substation works at Pensulo Substation; ▪ Access and maintenance roads along wayleave, where necessary. The configurations above have been confirmed by the Project Implementation Unit and financiers and are presented in detail in the Project’s Final Design Documents. Unless specified otherwise, all Project description information in this chapter is based on the Line Route and Substation Reports and the Preliminary overhead line design Report prepared by WSP in November 2020 (WSP, 2020a, b, c) and the revised scope as submitted by ZESCO. Transmission line corner point coordinates and substation coordinates are provided in Appendix 3-1. . . 2.2.3 PROPOSED LINE ROUTES The proposed line routes design took the following aspects into consideration: ─ The preferred corridors selected in the analysis of alternatives (see Chapter 4); ─ The location of the proposed Nakonde substation; ─ The necessity to avoid, as much as possible, the crossing of built environment (villages, groups of buildings, etc.). The proposed line route for the segment of the double-circuit 400kV line between the Nakonde substation and the Tanzanian border starts at the Nakonde substation and extends towards the northwest for approximately one kilometer and then turns north to cross the D1 Road. It continues towards the north for 7 km and then turns to the north-east and continues straight to the border. The proposed 12 km double-circuit 132kV transmission line starts at the proposed Nakonde 330/132kV substation, extending east in a straight line traversing Nakonde ZAFFICO Pine Plantation for a distance of approximately 1.4 km before terminating on to the existing 66kV Isoka-Nakonde line. . As for the main double-circuit 330kV line route, it starts at the proposed location of the Nakonde substation (see Map 3-1). It then follows a section of the south side of the D1 Road towards the northwest before turning west and following the southern side of the D3 Road. The proposed alignment then leaves the side of the D3 Road and descends in a straight line towards Kasama district traversing Mungwi, Chitimukulu and Kasama National Forests respectively. After crossing the D18 Road, the alignment turns towards the southwest to bypass Kasama’s built area from the south and crossing the M1 Road before turning towards the northwest and reaches the Kasama substation. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-9 From Kasama, the proposed line continues south following the western side of the M1 Road as well as the alignment of a recently built 330kV Pensulo-Kasama line for about 11 km, before diverging towards the west to avoid the Bwikashi farm, with which negotiations proved difficult during the Pensulo-Kasama 330kV Project construction. The line then goes in a southwestern direction for about 3 km, where it makes an angle to head in a southeastern- direction. It crosses the Pensulo-Kasama 330kV Project at kilometer point (KP) 24 and continues in the same direction until it reaches Road M1 at KP 35 and veers in a southern direction. The Project follows Road M1 for approximately 5 km before crossing to its eastern side and then crossing the TAZARA railway to get to its eastern side. It follows the TAZARA railway and M1 Road until PK 77, where it veers to the south-south-east to follow Road RD56, avoiding Chambeshi to the east and south. From there, it joins again with the Pensulo- Kasama 330kV Project, crosses it and follows its western side until reaching the Mpika substation located in the southern part of the community (see Map 3-1). For the last segment between Mpika and Pensulo, the proposed alignment follows a southwestern route corresponding, for the most part, to the previously selected corridor 8 (see Map 3-1). It veers west after Lake Lusiwasi, at the level crossing of the town of Kanona within Kanona National Forest, to connect to the Pensulo substation from the north-east. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 28°0'0"E 29°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 31°0'0"E 32°0'0"E 33°0'0"E 34°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E Direct Impact Area 8°0'0"S Tanzania 8°0'0"S Project Components N Proposed 330kV Transmission Line Proposed 132kV Transmission Line Mbeya ! 9°0'0"S d 9°0'0"S Substation ! Nakonde Project Line Route d 10°0'0"S 10°0'0"S DIRECT IMPACT AREA d Kasama ! Democratic Republic Zambia of Congo 11°0'0"S 11°0'0"S Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Mpika d ! Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 12°0'0"S Update 12°0'0"S CONGO, TANZANIA Map 2-1 DRC Mozambique Global Project Location Sources : ESRI, World Street Map Pensulo 13°0'0"S ESRI, Rivers and Lakes 13°0'0"S d! MapLibrary, Africa World Zambia Ministry of Land, districts ZESCO, ZTK II line route (2019-09-30), Interconnection to Tanzania (2019-10-07) MALAWI Malawi 0 40 80 km ZAMBIA UTM 36S, WGS84 28 October 2024 MOZAMBIQUE Preparation: H. Chouinard 14°0'0"S 14°0'0"S 0 200 400 km Drawing: S. Samson Validation: M. Brennan Jacot ESMP2024_241028.aprx 27°0'0"E 28°0'0"E 29°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 31°0'0"E 32°0'0"E 33°0'0"E CA0027197_7329_ESMP2_1_GlobalProjectLoca_001_241028 34°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 36°0'0"E Boundaries and measurements shown on this document must not be used for engineering or land survey delineation. A land register analysis conducted by a land surveyor was not undertaken. 2.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS 2.3.1 TRANSMISSION LINE 2.3.1.1 VOLTAGE LEVEL The Project will be operated at 330kV from the Pensulo substation to the Nakonde substation, which is the standard high-voltage tension level in Zambia. However, the last section between the Nakonde substation and the Tanzanian border will be designed and built at 400kV, but operated at 330kV. Note that in addition to the above, the Project also includes the construction of a line segment designed at 132kV between the Nakonde substation and linking to the 66kV Isoka-Nakonde line; this is part of ZESCO’s scope, to reinforce the existing network and increase reliability and security of energy supply. 2.3.1.2 NUMBER OF CIRCUITS The Project involves three distinct line segments. 1 The section between the Tanzanian border and the Nakonde substation will be a double-circuit 400kV line. 2 The section between Kasama and Nakonde will be a double circuit 330kV line. 3 The section between Pensulo and Kasama will be a single circuit 330kV line and it will be operated in pair with an existing Pensulo-Kasama 330kV single circuit line. Overall, these components will form a double-circuit interconnection with the Tanzanian network, mounted on two distinct one-circuit lines for the section between Pensulo and Kasama and on one double circuit line for the section between Kasama and Nakonde. The pylons configuration along the line will be adapted based on voltage level and number of circuits for each section. 2.3.1.3 TOWER TYPES Technical studies recommend selection of a combination of guyed and self-supporting lattice steel towers, as they are commonly used in Zambia. However, ZESCO is presently opting to predominantly use self-supporting steel lattice towers at the 330kV voltage level and this will be adopted for this Project. Tower characteristics that are planned in double-circuit and single-circuit scenarios are presented in the Table 2-3 below. It should be noted that pylon heights vary in function of technical requirements caused by local constraints such as topography, line spans, crossings of infrastructure, etc. Aspects of self-supporting and guyed 330kV single-circuit towers are illustrated on Figure 2-4 while Figure 2-5 illustrates a 330kV double-circuit DC suspension tower. Figure 2-6 shows an example of a 440kV double circuit transmission line. Pylons drawings are included in Appendix 2-2. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-13 Table 2-3 Tower Characteristics1 Single-circuit, Double-Circuit Double-Circuit Double Circuit Characteristics Rigid suspension, DC suspension DC suspension suspension 132kV 330kV 330kV 400kV Tower heights Standard: 50.3 Standard: 21 Standard: 31 (m from top of Minimum: 44.3 Minimum: 26.5 Standard: 44.45 Minimum:18 foundations to Maximum: 60.8 Maximum: 37 Maximum: 30 top of pylons) Average line 400 375 400 300 span (m) Nakonde new substation Kasama to Pensulo Kasama to Nakonde Nakonde substation to Locations to Nakonde –Isoka(Loop substations substations Tanzanian border in-Loop out) Reference: Field mission2. Figure 2-4 Combined Use of Self-Supporting and Guyed Single-Circuit Towers 1 Reference: AECOM, 2017. Feasibility Study and Conceptual Design of Tanzania-Zambia Power Interconnection Study. Final Feasibility Study. 2 Reference: AECOM, 2017. Feasibility Study and Conceptual Design of Tanzania-Zambia Power Interconnection Study. Final Feasibility Study. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-14 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Figure 2-5 Typical DC Figure 2-6 Example of a 400kV Double-Circuit suspension double- Transmission Line Circuit Towers 2.3.1.4 PHASE CONDUCTORS Conductors will be the Bison type (ACSR) for the single circuit (Pensulo-Kasama) and double circuit (Kasama- Nakonde) 330kV line. Their use is justified because of their high strength parameter, necessary for very long spans and heavy loads. A bundle of 2 conductors per phase is necessary. For the 400kV double-circuit line between the Nakonde substation and the Tanzania border, the conductors will be BlueJay type (ACSR) in bundle of 2 conductor per phase. For the 132kV double circuit line that will loop in and out of the 66kV Isoka-Nakonde line, the conductor will be a Wolf ACSR. 2.3.1.5 FOUNDATIONS Foundation design will be subject to re-evaluation on completion of the site geotechnical investigations. Soil properties including actual quantities of foundations for each tower type located in these soil classifications will be estimated following a full review of the geotechnical results and quantified within the Price Schedules. ─ Rock Socket / Rock Anchors where solid rock is encountered ─ Concrete pad and chimney: generally based on the allowable bearing capacity of each soil type ─ Special foundations either piled or raft type, where soils are particularly poor. The Contractor will be fully responsible for determining the soil classification at each tower location prior to installation. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-15 A slab foundation with reinforced concrete body consists of reinforced concrete slabs buried about 3.0 m below the ground, one for each leg of the tower. Backfilling is done with dug up material excluding organic surface matter. This foundation is adequate for firm or rigid clay soils, firm or rigid laterite soils, medium to large grained alluvial formations lying above the water table, and diggable bedrock. In firm soils the slab may be poured directly into the dug-up soil to take advantage of the better capacity of intact soil. Wider footings will be required for foundations in loose soil or soil below the water table. When bedrock is encountered that is too hard to be excavated by an excavator, rock-anchored concrete blocks will be required to support the towers. Reinforcement bars are driven and grouted into holes bored into the rock. This type of foundation is appropriate for locations where bedrock is found less than 3.0 m below the surface and is too hard for digging without hammer tools or blasting. Concrete pylon foundations are commonly used in Zambia. 2.3.1.6 RIGHT-OF-WAY REQUIRED RIGHT-OF-WAY Width of the right-of way had to be determined to satisfy minimum technical requirements and comply with the standards used by ZESCO. ROW will vary according to the voltage level. However, width of the acquired wayleave varies along the alignment, depending on whether or not the Project is paired with another ZESCO wayleave. The additional wayleaves required can be summarized as follows (AECOM, 2017): ─ 60 m for the double-circuit 400kV line between Nakonde and the Tanzanian border; ─ 50 m when the new 330kV line wayleave is not paired with another existing wayleave; ─ 35 m for 330kV line segments paired with the existing 330kV line present between Pensulo and Kasama; ─ 32 m for the 132kV between the Nakonde substation and linking to the 66kV Isoka-Nakonde line. RIGHT-OF-WAY MANAGEMENT The current ROW management practices in Zambia, according to ZESCO officials, are described in the following table. (Table 3-4). Table 2-4 Current ROW Management Practices in Zambia Item Practices ROW acquisition practices The policy currently in place at ZESCO is to acquire the entire wayleave. Uses allowed in the ROW Growing of seasonal low laying crops; below 2 m in height (e.g., maize, wheat, etc.) is allowed. Uses not permitted Growing crops exceeding 2 m in height is not allowed. As per ZESCO policy, crop(s) destroyed during construction or maintenance will be compensated for. Policy regarding service road minimization The ZESCO environmental guidelines urge the Contractors to only create new access roads where there are no existing ones. They are always encouraged to use and maintain existing roads. Also, in order to maximize chances of achieving the above-mentioned ROW requirements and reduce theft of steel bracing and grounding materials from towers to a minimum, experience from other projects in the region has shown that engaging local communities along the line in maintenance and monitoring of the line can be effective. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE The Consultant’s other recommendations are the following: ─ Within the wayleave, all structures that could be a nuisance to the safety and reliability of the network should be removed; ─ In addition, ZESCO, who will be responsible for maintenance, may find it advantageous to be on good terms with the users of the ROW and to give them responsibility for vegetation control in their respective section of the ROW. This type of agreement allows the individual to continue to operate (e.g., agriculture, livestock, etc.), as long as they do not pose a risk to the network’s operation. For the operations manager, these agreements help to reduce the risk of theft and vandalism on the line. 2.3.2 SUBSTATIONS Only one substation will need to be built for the Project, that is: the Nakonde Substation. All other substations are already built but will require the addition of some new equipment in relation with the new interconnector Project. Substations configuration drawings are available in Appendix 3-3 and substations coordinates are available in Appendix 3-1. 2.3.2.1 NAKONDE SUBSTATION The proposed substation in Nakonde District is located within Chitamba village in Chieftainess Nawaitwika area, at an altitude of 1,500 m. High-level scope of works at Nakonde substation shall comprise of the following: ─ Two (02) x Kasama - 330kV Feeder Bays each fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ One (01) x Tunduma 1 - 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped; ─ One (01) x Tunduma 2 - 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped; ─ Two (02) X 60MVA, 330/132kV transformer Bays; ─ Isoka and Nakonde 66kV Feeder Bays ; ─ 330 and 66kV Busbars complete with Buscouplers; ─ One (01) x ±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM. 2.3.2.2 KASAMA SUBSTATION The existing Kasama substation is located close to Kasama Town within Simbeye village in Senior Chief Mwamba's area at an altitude of 1,335 m. The substation has sufficient space in the existing yard to accommodate the proposed ZTIP Phase 2; the substation yard is approximately 292 m x 251 m. The configuration of 330kV switchgear is double busbar, single circuit breaker with bypass disconnector. The 330kV busbar comprises of the following (WSP Scoping Report, 2020; rev 3): ─ Double 330kV busbar with associated busbar CVTs; ─ Two (02) x 330kV/66kV Transformer Bays; ─ One (01) x 30 MVAr 330kV Busbar Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ One (01) x 330kV Bus Coupler Bay; ─ One (01) x Mpika 1 - 330kV Feeder Bay with 2 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactors; ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-17 ─ Space for multiple Feeder/Busbar Shunt Reactor Bays; The Kasama substation scope shall be as follows: ─ Two (02) x Nakonde 330kV Feeder Bays each fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ One (01) x Mpika 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ Two (02) x Mporokoso 330kV Feeder Bays unequipped. 2.3.2.3 MPIKA SUBSTATION The existing Mpika substation is located within Yowani village in Chief Chikwanda's area at an altitude of 1,375 m. The substation comprises of 330kV and 66kV (132kV) busbars. The substation yard is approximately 201 m x 204 m. The configuration of 330kV switchgear is double busbar, single circuit breaker with bypass disconnector. The 330kV busbar comprises of the following (WSP Scoping Report, 2020; rev. 3): ─ Double 330kV busbar with associated busbar CVTs; ─ Two (02) x 330kV / 66kV (132kV) Transformer Bays; ─ One (01) x 30 MVAr 330kV Busbar Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ One (01) x 330kV Bus Coupler Bay; ─ One (01) x Pensulo 1 - 330kV Feeder Bay with 30 MVAr Line Shunt Reactor; ─ One (01) x Kasama 1 - 330kV Feeder Bay; ─ Space for two (02) x 330kV Feeder Bays – reserved for Pensulo 2 and Kasama 2. The Mpika substation scope shall be as follows: ─ One (01) x Kasama 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ -One (01) x Pensulo 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay. 2.3.2.4 PENSULO SUBSTATION The existing Pensulo substation is located within Pensulo area of Serenje District in Chief Kabamba's Chiefdom at an altitude of 1,570 m. The Pensulo substation comprises of 330kV and 66kV busbars; the existing substation yard is approximately 240 m x 214 m. Configuration of existing 330kV switchgear is double busbar, single circuit breaker with bypass disconnector. The existing 330kV double busbar system at Pensulo comprises of seven (7) useable bays (WSP Scoping Report, 2020; rev. 3): ─ 330kV double busbar with associated 330kV CVTs; ─ Three (03) x 330kV / 66kV Transformer Bays; ─ One (01) x 330kV Bus Coupler Bay; ─ One (01) x Msoro 330kV Feeder Bay with 1 x 30 MVAr Line Reactor; ─ One (01) x Kabwe 330kV Feeder Bay; WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-18 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ One (01) x Mpika 1 (“Kasama” on SLD) - 330kV Feeder Bay with 2 x 30 MVAr Line Reactors; ─ One (01) x Spare 330kV Feeder Bay; ─ Pensulo-Kabwe line 2. Unlike Mpika and Kasama substations, the busbar phase spacing is 5 m. ─ The Pensulo substation scope shall be as follows: One (01) x Mpika 330kV Feeder Bay fully equipped with 1 x 30 MVAr 330kV Line Shunt Reactor Bay; ─ One (01) x ±250 MVAr SVC or STATCOM . 2.3.2.5 EQUIPMENT ASSOCIATED WITH PROPOSED BAYS The following describes the general characteristics for the substations. The electrical characteristics of the substations will be as shown in Table 3-5 below (WSP Scoping Report, 2020; rev. 3): Table 2-5 Substation electrical characteristics Description Characteristics Rated voltage 330kV (RMS) 400kV (RMS) Highest system voltage 362kV (RMS) 420kV (RMS) Neutral earthing Solidly earthed Solidly earthed Nominal frequency 50 Hz 50 Hz Rated switching impulse withstand Switchyard equipment: Switchyard equipment: voltage 950kV peak 1050kV peak Transformer and reactor: Transformer and reactor: 1050kV peak 1175kV peak Rated lighting impulse withstand voltage Switchyard equipment: Switchyard equipment: 1175kV peak 1425kV peak Transformer and reactor: Transformer and reactor: 1300kV peak 1550kV peak Power-frequency withstand voltage Switchyard equipment: Switchyard equipment: 510kV peak (RMS) 570kV peak (RMS) Transformer and reactor: Transformer and reactor: 560kV peak (RMS) 625kV peak (RMS) Rated current 2500 A except circuit breakers that are 1600 A except circuit breakers that are 4000 A 4000 A Rated short-term withstand current 40 kA, 3 s/ 100 kA except circuit 40 kA, 3 s/ 100 kA except circuit breakers that are 50 kA, 3 s/ 125 kA breakers that are 50 kA, 3 s/ 125 kA Minimum insulator creepage distance 31mm/kV ( - ) 31mm/kV ( - ) The environmental characteristics, which will be stated in the substation general specification document, are the following (Table 3-6): Table 2-6 Substation environmental characteristics Ambient air temperature Indoor Outdoor Maximum +35C +45C 24-hour average, max +21C Minimum +5C -1C Humidity 90% 100% Average annual rainfall 1100 mm Altitude 2000 m (design) 2000 m (design) ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-19 Table 3-7 lists the size and number of line, busbar shunt reactors and neutral compensator reactors (NCR) at each substation. Table 2-7 Number of line, busbar shunt reactors and neutral compensator reactors (NCR) at each substation Substation Line/Bay Shunt reactors – single phase Neutral compensator reactor Rated/highest Rating Number Rated Rating system voltage (kVar) of units system (kVar/ approx. ) (kV) voltage (kV) Pensulo Pen-Mpika 1 (existing) 362/√3 3x10000 2 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 900  +/- 10% Pensulo Pen-Mpika 2 (ZTIP phase 2) 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 900  +/- 10% Mpika Mpika-Pen 1 (existing) 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 900  +/- 10% Mpika Mpika-Pen 2 (ZTIP phase 2) 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 900  +/- 10% Mpika Mpika-Kasama 1 (existing) 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 900  +/- 10% Mpika Mpika-Kasama 2 (ZTIP phase 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 15kVAR / 3 Taps 2) approx. 900  +/- 10% Mpika Busbar shunt reactor 1 362/√3 3x10000 1 N/A N/A (existing) Kasama Kasama-Mpika 1 (existing) 362/√3 3x10000 2 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps approx. 1000  +/- 10% Kasama Kasama-Mpika 2 (ZTIP phase 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps 2) approx. 1000  +/- 10% Kasama Kasama-Nakonde 1 (ZTIP 62/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps phase 2) approx. 1000  +/- 10% Kasama Kasama-Nakonde 2 (ZTIP 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps phase 2) approx. 1000  +/- 10% Kasama Busbar shunt reactor 1 362/√3 3x10000 1 N/A N/A (existing) Nakonde Nakonde-Kasama 1 (ZTIP 62/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps phase 2) approx. 1000  +/- 10% - TBC Nakonde Nakonde-Kasama 2 (ZTIP 362/√3 3x10000 1 35kV 16kVAR / 3 Taps phase 2) approx. 1000  +/- 10% - TBC Nakonde Busbar shunt reactor 1 (future) 362/√3 3x10000 1 N/A N/A 2.3.3 TEMPORARY FACILITIES During construction, it will be necessary to establish temporary facilities and installations where required: ─ Construction camps, ─ Access roads, ─ Laydown and storage areas, ─ Concrete facilities, etc. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-20 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Construction activities are forecasted to include the following activities, as per detailed in Table 6-1: site preparation, transportation and traffic circulation, construction (including tower erection, stringing works, etc.), and waste management and hazardous materials management. Those broad categories will be defined in more detail by the Contractor at the beginning of the assignment, during the pre-construction phase, when the Contractor will develop various construction plans. The location and extent of these components are not yet known and will be the Contractor’s responsibility. 2.4 PROJECT COSTS AND SCHEDULE The budgetary estimate for the Project is $285M, including associated project management and capacity building costs. The World Bank has agreed in principle to provide most of the financing for the Project. The Project is likely to be co-financed with smaller contributions from the European Union (EU) and United Kingdom (UK) Government through the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO). The Project will be implemented by ZESCO and incorporated within ZESCO’s Transmission Division. As for implementation schedule, activities starting from the start-up meeting of the construction contract to commissioning, are planned to require 24 months. The first months will be dedicated to preparation activities such as detailed survey, preparation of construction schedule, detailed design, etc. Field construction activities are planned to begin at month 7, and therefore it will last 17 months. Details of the construction schedule are provided in Appendix 3-5. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-21 Some uncertainty remains however, regarding the preparation time that will be needed to reach the effective date of contract commencement. Among others, are delays for resettlement actions, which will be spread over a considerable period of time (estimate provided in standalone RAP). It is therefore not possible to predict with accuracy the beginning of construction activities without considering the implementation schedule for the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). 2.5 PROJECT REQUIREMENTS The Project will require various locally available construction materials for construction of the transmission line. Such locally sourced materials required for construction work include aggregates, gravel or crushed stone, sand and water. These will be sourced in areas within the footprint of the Project site. Detailed Project requirements are not available at this stage of the Project design and will be detailed in construction plans by the Contractor, once a contractor has been selected. However, in line with ESS 1, sourcing of construction materials will be subject to environmental and social due diligence processes to ensure that such materials are sources from compliant facilities. The due diligence process will be under the Contractor’s responsibility, with oversight from the PIU. 2.5.1 AGGREGATES, GRAVEL, AND SAND Aggregates, gravel, and sand will mostly be required for installation of pylon foundations. Required volumes are not known at this stage and are to be confirmed by the selected Contractor; however, these are are estimated at 35,000 tonnes of aggregate, 15,000 tonnes of sand, and 20,000 tonnes of gravel. They will be sourced locally as much as possible, and if not, these will be transported by trucks to the Project site. Once the test results indicate their suitability for work, agreements can be made with the quarry or landowners for production to meet the Project requirements. 2.5.2 WATER Water will also be required for Project construction work. The source of water for the construction work will be from the local suitable streams that cross the Project area or water boreholes. Required volumes of water will be confirmed ahead of construction by the Contractor, but it is currently estimated that approximately 400,000 liters of water may be required. The Contractor will need to obtain required water use permits. 2.5.3 PERSONNEL Although the number of workers to be employed is not yet established, it is expected that at the peak of the construction phase, as many as 600 workers will be employed. Of the 600 employed during construction, approximately 120 shall work for the Project for the duration of the construction period via contracts with the prime Contractor and their subcontractors. It is estimated that approximately 20% of employees will be skilled and 80% will be unskilled. It is also expected that approximately 85% of employees will be local and 15% will be regional or international. The types of positions that may be created during the construction include civil work and installation service supervision (local or external personnel), expert level pre-commissioning work (external personnel), design work (external personnel), administration (local and external personnel), and shipment, logistics, and local transportation (local and external personnel). Additionally, informal jobs may be created by the Project through the supply of food and consumables to the Contractor camp sites. After construction, the Project will be managed by the existing workforce in ZESCO. Direct job creation during operation and maintenance is estimated to remain low because associated activities will be completed by the established organizational structure in place. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-22 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2.5.4 CAMP SITES The Contractor shall provide, maintain and operate, under a competent Manager, such camps and facilities necessary for maintaining an efficient and safe working environment for housing, feeding and accommodation of all employees. The location, construction, operation and maintenance of such camps and facilities shall be subject to the approval of the Supervising Engineer. The Project will require two types of camp sites; substation and transmission line camps. The substation camps are normally nearest to the substations and the line site camps are far away from towns and substations (normally over 50 km). Regardless of the approval of the Supervising Engineer, the Contractor shall comply with all local laws and regulations that affect the buildings, maintenance or operation of the camps, and shall be responsible for any or all damages or claims resulting from inadequate or improper location of facilities or operations. The camps shall be designed accordingly. 2.5.5 LOCAL SUPPLIES AND SERVICES (FOOD, MEDICAL ATTENTION, AND FUEL) The most likely way to get food for workers is from nearby villages. Although it is anticipated that approximately 648 tonnes of food will be required (e.g., carbohydrates, fat, and proteins), the exact mechanisms for this provision still need to be determined in order to not impair local food resources. Health treatments will be from District Hospitals on an as needed basis (i.e., monthly malaria treatment for 6 months of the year, for a two-year period, and treatment for STI`s). It is expected that approximately 2 million liters of diesel fuel will be required, which will be sourced in bulk. 2.5.6 ELECTRICITY Power during construction will be supplied from generators. During operation, electricity will be taken on the ZESCO network. 2.6 PROJECT ACTIVITIES 2.6.1 PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE The pre-construction phase will start once all studies are completed and the Project is ready to be implemented. The main activities being conducted at different stages include: ─ Labour recruitment, including hiring of local and foreign workers. ─ Land acquisition and resettlement of affected persons and assets, which will include displacement of economic activities. ─ Site preparation: site preparation activities, including establishment of equipment storage yards and worker camps, vegetation clearing, removal of topsoil, excavation, earthworks and construction of access roads.The exact size and location of the storage yards and worker camps remain to be specified. The extent and configuration of vegetation clearing will require only strips of land to be cleared due to it being for line construction and certain access roads. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-23 2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE The construction phase will mainly involve the following activities: ─ Transportation and traffic: road transportation of materials, equipment and workers to and from the site, including fueling and maintenance of vehicles and machinery. ─ Construction activities: construction of the power transmission line and substations, including temporary facilities used during the work phase, such as borrow pits, as well as the erection of towers and stringing of conductors. ─ Waste and hazardous materials management: management and storage of waste, hazardous substances and other materials to be removed, including hydrocarbons. ─ Purchase of materials, goods and services: purchases required for the construction of the power transmission line and substations. ─ Presence of workers: presence of the construction workforce, including hiring foreign and local skilled/unskilled workers, as well as the installation and operation of construction work camps. 2.6.3 OPERATION PHASE The following activities are expected during the operation phase: ─ Presence and operation of line, substations and access roads: presence and operation of facilities. ─ Transportation and traffic: road transportation of materials and equipment, including vehicle fueling and maintenance. ─ Maintenance and repairs: inspection, maintenance and repair of conductors, towers and structures in substations, as well as ROW maintenance. ─ Waste and hazardous materials management: handling operations and storage of hazardous waste used during the operation, including oil used in transformers at substations. ─ Purchase of materials, goods and services: purchases required for the operation of the substations and the transmission line. ─ Presence of workers: hiring local and foreign workers, as appropriate, and presence of employees operating substations and during maintenance along the line. 2.6.4 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE The Project, like other transmission lines, involves the construction of permanent electricity infrastructure, and therefore, it is not envisaged that the transmission line will be decommissioned soon. However, after the Project’s operational design lifespan, a reassessment of the status of the transmission line shall be carried out. The decommissioning phase refers to all activities related to the proposed transmission line when it is no longer in use. The following activities could be expected during the decommissioning phase: ─ Decommissioning activities: dismantling of equipment, including lines, transmission towers, substations and other associated components; removal of temporary structures, landscaping, clearing of the ROW and access roads, filling in pylon locations, removal of construction materials and waste, levelling, sloping and revegetation. ─ Transportation and traffic: traffic related to vehicle transport of materials, goods and workers associated with the decommissioning work, removal or handover of service roads and construction access roads. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 2-24 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Waste and hazardous materials management: safe disposal of waste generated by dismantling of equipment. ─ Purchase of materials, goods and services: purchases required for operation of the worker camps. ─ Presence of workers: presence of the construction workforce, including hiring of foreign and local skilled/unskilled workers, as well as the installation and operation of construction work camps. The proposed Project has a design lifespan of 50 years, after which the performance of the Project scales to diminishing. A detailed decommissioning plan should be prepared at the end of the Project life for approval by ZEMA before implementation. This plan shall contain at a minimum: ─ Procedures for decommissioning, ─ outcomes of consultations, ─ Preliminary identification of potential impacts, and ─ preliminary identification of mitigation measures. The incorporation of remediation plans into the overall Project planning is essential because it allows proponents to understand the need to restore the environment to its original state or near its original state when decommissioning and remediation plans are being conceptualized. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 2-25 3 KEY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES The proposed environmental and social measures to mitigate or maximize the Project’s impacts during the preconstruction, construction, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning phases are summarized in Tables 3-2 (pre-construction and construction), 3-3 (operation and maintenance), and 3-4 (decommissioning). For each potential impact, the proposed management measures are described, associated costs are assessed, and the parties responsible for their implementation are identified. Key mitigation measures are proposed in these tables. However, these measures are supplemented by the proposed specific management plans described in Chapter 4 of the ESMP. The mitigation measures provided in this chapter for terrestrial flora, avifauna, terrestrial fauna, aquatic habitats and associated fauna, land use and tenure, built environment, health and safety, gender and gender-based violence, and communities and social cohesion, together with the measures proposed in the specific management plans are also appropriate for reducing cumulative impacts with other current and future projects. Additionally, several design measures, to be considered by the Supervising Engineer and Contractor and integrated in the detailed design of the project and , have been recommended. These are summarized in the section below to facilitate easy consideration and mainstreaming E&S considerations into the Design to be finalized and used. 3.1.1 SUMMARY OF DESIGN MEASURES Environmental and social measures proposed to mitigate negative impacts to be included in the design are presented in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 Summary of Design Measures Environmental and Design measure Social Components Hydrography and ─ At large water and floodplain crossings, detailed design shall aim to minimize encroachment within water resources the floodplain and select exact location for towers that will ensure minimal disturbances on local hydrology and floodplain. Climate Change ─ Assess local flood risk for substations and determine if flood monitoring and/or flood proofing is Resilience required. ─ Consider impacts of extreme rainfall and flooding as well as drought impacts on soil stability for pylon and substation foundation design. ─ Consider future temperature Projections in transmission line and substation design. ─ Consider future wind Projections in pylon design. Natural Habitat ─ Limit powerline crossing in natural habitats. ─ Promote the selection of areas of modified habitat for the installation of temporary work and storage areas. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-1 Environmental and Design measure Social Components Avifauna ─ Where the powerline is parallel to another powerline, both should have the same elevation to avoid creating a larger obstacle. ─ In High, Medium-high, and Medium sensitivity habitats (see Maps 4-1 to 4-3) and according to observations made during additional surveys and monitoring, install bird flight diverters on both earth wires in a staggered pattern, using alternating colours and installation on the full-earth wire/ground wire span length. ─ Ensure the distance between conductors is above 3 m to avoid electrocution of large birds. Aquatic habitats and ─ Tower siting inside wetlands will be avoided where possible, and access roads will be placed to associated fauna avoid wetland areas. ─ Use longer spans between power lines, spanning across rivers and wetlands, to avoid erecting structures in these habitats. ─ To ensure minimal tree loss, the width of cleared areas should be reduced to a minimum where the line crosses riverine forests, including the Mungwi Forest Reserve. Clearing only 10 m of riverine forest vegetation to accommodate conductor stringing should be considered. Critical habitat ─ Avoid as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within wet grasslands and dambos considered critical for Disa aequiloba. Use longer spans between power lines to avoid erecting structures in these habitats. ─ Ensure no access roads are built and no temporary construction area are placed within wet grasslands and dambos considered critical for Disa aequiloba ─ Avoid as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within rock outcrop habitat in Kasama Forest Reserve (Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana critical habitat). Use longer spans between power lines to avoid erecting structures in this habitat. ─ Ensure no access roads are built and no temporary construction area are placed within rock outcrop habitat in the Kasama Forest Reserve (Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana critical habitat). ─ Conduct line route optimization to avoid rock outcrops in proximity and within the Kasama Forest Reserve. Land use and tenure ─ Optimize ROW to avoid sensitive areas identified during detailed census such as cultural heritage resources. ─ Adjust the length of the span to avoid or reduce site-specific tower pad impacts. Select carefully tower locations to reduce impacts on land-uses Infrastructure ─ Use adequate measures during design to avoid potential interference with electrical appliances in households living near the powerline. Cultural and ─ Conduct line route optimization to avoid rock outcrops in proximity and within the Mwela Rock Art archeological Heritage site. ─ Monopole structures should be encouraged in case the transmission line passes through or near the Mwela Rock Art monument area since they have a thinner profile and a simpler presence than lattice structures. ─ Reroute the line route at the margins of the Mwela Rock Art site to reduce encroachment within the rock outcrops areas ─ In consultation with affected communities, find an optimized line route if the ROW encroaches into a sacred forest. ─ Adjust pylon spacing to avoid the cemeteries and sacred sites. Landscape ─ Choose subdued colours for the substations to harmonize them with their environment. Safety and Public ─ Install markers to minimize risk of low-flying aircrafts in aircraft pathways Health ─ Install downward-facing security lighting at the substations to help avoid or reduce light pollution. 3.1.2 PRE-CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION Environmental and social measures proposed to mitigate negative impacts or enhance positive impacts during the preconstruction and construction phase are presented in Table 3-1. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 3-2 Management Measures to be Implemented during the Pre-Construction and Construction Phases Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Develop and implement Contractor\s ESMP (C-ESMP) which will Development: Contractor Development prior to and No construction works undertaken Included in construction contract. translate the present chapter’s requirements into detailed actions to be Approval: the C-ESMP should be implementation during the before approval of Final C-ESMP. carried out during construction works, including implementation of reviewed and approved by the construction phase. C-ESMP covers all construction- mitigation measures and environmental and social monitoring. The C- Client/Supervision Consultant (in related impacts and mitigation ESMP is to cover all elements under the Contractor’s control (i.e., consultation with the Design measures listed in the present table construction works), considers detailed specifications of activities to be Engineers) and the World Bank and the specific management plans conducted during construction, and specific locations where they will be before construction of the TL can under the Contractor’s responsibility. conducted. Integrate requirements of WBG EHS Guidelines for Electric proceed. Power Transmission and Distribution (see Appendix 3-1). Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Develop and implement ZESCO’s Safety, Health Environment and Quality Development and implementation: Development prior to and No construction works to be $250,000 (SHEQ) Management System incorporating the following elements: (i) ZESCO implementation during construction undertaken before ESMS is policy, (ii) identification of risks and impacts, (iii) management programs, phase approved. (iv) organizational capacity and competency, (v) emergency preparedness and response, (vi) stakeholder engagement, and (vii) monitoring and review. Implement the ESMS during construction and operation. See SHEQ Policy attached as Appendix 3-2. Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Obtain all required permits and authorizations before initiating ZESCO/Contractor Obtain required permits prior to the No construction works undertaken Included in the construction contract. construction works, including the followings that are required for the construction phase and implement before all required permits and construction of a transmission line: conditions before and during authorizations are secured. − Construction permits from the Energy Regulation Board. construction, as appropriate. − Environmental clearance from ZEMA which entails the completion of an EIA for the project as well as environmental project briefs for certain activities during construction including borrow pits. − Approval from local authorities to ensure the project aligns with their land use plans. − Approval for using the wayleave which involves negotiating with landowner and compensating them for the use of their land. − Approval from the National Heritage Conservation Commission for crossing Mwela Rock Site and any other heritage sites. − Permit from the Water Resources Management Authority for water abstraction as part of the project. − Approval from the Department of National Parks and Wildlife for crossing protected areas. Implement all conditions of permits and authorizations. Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Ensure environmental Project Briefs are submitted and approved for Contractor Submit Project Briefs for borrow No borrow sites exploited before all Included in the construction contract. borrow sites. sites and obtain authorizations authorizations secured. prior to their exploitation. Temporary air quality Site preparation Cover the bucket of trucks carrying bulk material and waste. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Driver to provide a completed Included in Contractor costs deterioration Construction activities Monitoring: Supervising Engineer checklist of truck verifications, Transportation and circulation including Bucket cover item. Worksite restoration. Limit speed to 20 km/h in sensitive areas, on unpaved roads, and on Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs access roads in the work area, especially during dry and dusty periods. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction areas for excessive nuisance dust, noise, and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer will maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality and follow up with corrective measures. Define a vehicle and machinery traffic strategy that limits the distance to Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Traffic to enter construction area Included in Contractor costs cover and that avoids sensitive areas (residential areas, hospitals, Monitoring: Supervising Engineer through one (and the same) entry schools). Inform drivers of this strategy and set up clear signage to point and exit through another (and promote compliance. same) exit point. At the exit point, implement a wheel washing system (if possible) or a series of speed bumps. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-3 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Use water for dust suppression on stockpiles, exposed soils and roads if Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs dust generation is visible. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction areas for excessive nuisance dust, noise, and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Locate activities most likely to generate dust (storage of excavated and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Implement long slope for backfill Included in Contractor costs backfill materials) away from sensitive areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer dump sites and/or use burlap covers. Avoid handling soil/granular materials during periods of high winds (+ Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Visual plumes of dust. Related to Included in Contractor costs 2.5 m/s) and limit, where possible, the drop height to 2 m when depositing Monitoring: Supervising Engineer activity to be monitored. them (in truck buckets, on a pile, etc.). Cover the piles of materials containing fine particles with a tarpaulin, at Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs least during periods of strong winds (+2.5 m/s) and loads of brittle Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction areas for excessive material during transport. For piles that cannot be covered, spray them nuisance dust, noise, and air with water regularly. pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. When needed, erect speed calming structures such as humps along Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Calming structures installed in Included in Contractor costs project roads, especially in inhabited/ residential areas Monitoring: Supervising Engineer inhabited/ residential areas Develop and use a specific Code of Conduct for drivers to check errant Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Code of Conduct approved approved Included in Contractor costs behavior including speeding Monitoring: Supervising Engineer by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Conduct regular tool-box talks on safe and responsible driving Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Register of tool-box talks conducted Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer for each driver Develop and implement a Pollution Prevention Management Plan Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Pollution Prevention Management Included in Contractor costs including measures to protect air quality Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase Plan approved by Supervising and PIU Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Develop and implement a Residual Material and Hazardous Products Implementation: Contractor Development prior to, and Residual Material and Hazardous Included in Contractor costs Management Plan in compliance with WBG EHS Guidelines on waste Monitoring: Supervising Engineer implementation during, Products Management Plan management (see Appendix 3-3). construction phase approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Maintain equipment and machinery in good running condition, including Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor cost. brakes, mufflers, silencers, and catalyzers, and clean (power washed), Monitoring: Supervising Engineer all equipment and machinery used free of leaks, excess oil and grease. during construction. Ensure fire risk management at construction camp sites. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Fire risk management plan Included in Contractor cost. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer developed and implemented at work camps, fire risks and management measures communicated to workers. No uncontrolled fires near work camps. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Greenhouse gas emissions Site preparation Ensure that all equipment, vehicles, and machinery are in good working Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs Construction activities order, including mufflers and catalytic converters. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer all equipment and machinery used during construction. Transportation and circulation Worksite restoration Prohibit idling of vehicles and machinery and require their complete shut Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs Waste and hazardous materials down when not in use. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction areas for excessive management. nuisance dust, noise, and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Prohibit the burning of waste generated by work activities and at the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Record of training sessions on topic Included in Contractor costs workers' camps. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer to Contractor personnel. Use low-sulphur diesel to limit emissions of particulate matter and sulphur Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Keep records of low-sulphur fuel Included in Contractor costs dioxide caused by combustion. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer used vs. regular sulphur fuel used. Increase in noise and vibration Site preparation Include noise reduction near sensitive receptors within the worker training Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Record of training sessions on topic Included in Contractor costs levels Construction activities program Monitoring: Supervising Engineer to Contractor personnel. Transportation and circulation Worksite restoration. Move the loudest equipment as far away from sensitive areas as possible. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Social component: Record Included in Contractor costs If this is not possible, set up temporary or permanent sound screens. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer grievances received regarding noise issues. Loudest equipment and noisy activities identified Set up a noise monitoring program for the construction phase to ensure Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Noise monitoring program approved. Included in Contractor costs compliance with the IFC’s EHS Guidelines regarding noise levels. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of construction areas for excessive nuisance dust, noise, and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. If the noise emitted by the work does not respect the IFC’s EHS Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Noisy activities identified and their Included in Contractor costs Guidelines regarding noise levels, communities located near the work Monitoring: Supervising Engineer timing communicated to surrounding areas will be duly notified of the date, duration, source, and level of noise communities that will be emitted. Noise barriers will be installed where relevant. No unannounced noisy works. Restrict noise and vibration generating activities near residential or Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs institutional sensitive receptors between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction areas for excessive nuisance dust, noise, and air Maintain noise levels at or below the IFC’s EHS Guidelines regarding pollutants. noise levels. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. If blasting is required for a tower’s installation, the local population will be Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No unannounced blasting Included in Contractor costs advised in advance so as to prevent nuisances and injuries. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Develop and implement a Pollution Prevention Management Plan Contractor Prior to and throughout the Pollution Prevention Management Included in Contractor costs including noise management. construction phase Plan including noise management approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-5 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Soil erosion in erosion-prone Site preparation The Contractor must fill ruts more than 20 cm deep as the work Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Proponent construction supervision Included in Contractor costs areas Construction activities progresses. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer approval records. Transportation and traffic. Limit work during important climatic events (heavy rain, strong winds, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Keep records of weather events. Included in Contractor costs etc.). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Operate machinery on land in a way that minimizes disturbance to the Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase No machinery operations inside top- Included in Contractor costs banks of watercourses. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer of-bank of watercourses. Prepare and implement erosion and sediment control plan, particularly in Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Erosion and sediment control plan Included in Contractor costs areas identified as having high erosion potential. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of Construction phase Restrict transportation to the identified access by clearly marking out the Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Equipment and vehicle movements Included in Contractor costs limit of the ROW and access roads. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer outside the line route ROW and access roads restricted to a minimum. Restrict construction activities, materials and manpower movements to Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Equipment and vehicle movements Included in Contractor costs existing roads/tracks and ROW limits. Maximize use of recently opened Monitoring: Supervising Engineer outside the line route and access roads for the construction of the 330kV Pensulo - Nakonde electricity roads' ROW restricted to a minimum. transmission line. Soil compaction in work areas Site preparation Level the surface of each pylon site to ensure drainage away from the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Proponent approval verification Included in Contractor costs Construction activities base of the pylons. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer records Transportation and traffic. Minimize the construction of new access roads. Promote the use of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Existing access roads and tracks Included in Contractor costs existing access roads for machinery and vehicle movements, increasing Monitoring: Supervising Engineer used for access, as much as their width as necessary. possible. Limit, to the extent possible, the transport of materials and workers to Implementation: Contractor Throughout the pre-construction Limits of ROW and access roads Included in Contractor costs roads/existing trails and/or identified accesses. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer and construction phase marked prior to beginning of works in a given area Supply construction sites with granular materials from authorized quarries Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Verify chain-of-custody/invoices. Included in Contractor costs with a valid operating permit. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer De-compact soils following construction works with appropriate Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Following construction, assessment Included in Contractor costs equipment. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer of soil compaction in and around the ROW by the Supervising Engineer, and decompaction if necessary. Avoid vehicle or machinery traffic in areas where soils are highly Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No vehicle or machinery traffic in Included in Contractor costs saturated, such as dambos. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer areas where soils are saturated. Inspections in order to ensure authorized work periods are respected and wetlands and watercourses are not affected. Changes in soil chemical Site preparation Use impervious surfaces for refueling areas and other fluid transfer areas. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Secured storage of all hazardous Included in Contractor costs properties and risk of soil Construction activities Provide adequate secondary containment for fuel storage tanks and for Monitoring: Supervising Engineer materials. Inspections to ensure contamination the temporary storage of other fluids such as lubricating oils and hydraulic proper storage handling techniques Transportation and traffic fluids. are being followed. Waste and hazardous materials management Use backfill materials free of contamination or of leachable waste; prior Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Contractor to provide lab analyses Included in Contractor costs controls and analyses shall certify their quality. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer results. Store hazardous materials (mainly used oil) in a manner that prevents Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Secured storage of all hazardous Included in Contractor costs interaction with each other or with the environment or from being Monitoring: Supervising Engineer materials. tampered accidentally. Provision of secondary containment, drip trays or other overflow and drip containment measures, for hazardous materials containers at connection points or other possible overflow points. Contain any spills onsite and clean up spills as soon as possible. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Emergency Preparedness and Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Response plan approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Characterize, remove, and dispose of soils contaminated with petroleum Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Emergency Preparedness and Included in Contractor costs products or other hazardous materials at sites authorized by relevant Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Response plan approved by authorities. Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Store all ignitable, reactive, flammable, corrosive and toxic materials in Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No ignitable, reactive, flammable, Included in Contractor costs clearly labelled containers. Storage locations for these materials will be Monitoring: Supervising Engineer corrosive, or toxic materials stored equipped with secondary containment to prevent the release of chemicals elsewhere than in labelled to the environment in the event of a spill. containers. Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Conduct soil characterization studies while soils removal is required and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Carry out before/after soil sampling. Included in Contractor costs where there is evidence of contamination, prior to work in substations, to Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Decontaminate the contaminated properly plan the management of contaminated material. soils; use national/international criteria for “determination of “clean- up” levels. Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase. Clearly delineate excavated soil storage areas and ensure their proper Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Contractor to develop a Construction Included in Contractor costs management according to applicable regulations, depending on whether Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Plan detailing scope of works and they are contaminated or not. estimated material, equipment, schedules and processes used in line with scope of works. Segregate and temporarily store excavated soils in order to use them as Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Excavated soils properly stored. Included in Contractor costs backfill when needed. Ensure that the organic soil layer is well separated Monitoring: Supervising Engineer from other soils to allow its reuse during restoration work of work areas. Mandate licensed companies to ensure the collection and management of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Contractor to contract with licenced Included in Contractor costs waste and hazardous products. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer waste service provider Keep a spill containment kit including absorbents readily accessible onsite Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Spill containment and cleanup Included in Contractor costs in the event of an accidental spill and ensure on-site staff is trained in its Monitoring: Supervising Engineer equipment onsite. use. Control and reduce at the source of the production of waste and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Production of waste and hazardous Included in Contractor costs hazardous waste. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer waste reduced to a minimum. Oil water separators and grease traps should be installed and maintained Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Presence of oil water separators and Included in the construction contract as appropriate at refueling facilities, workshops, parking areas, fuel Monitoring: Supervising Engineer grease traps. Inspections to ensure storage and containment areas. proper storage handling techniques are being followed. Develop and implement an Emergency Preparedness and Response Development: Contractor Development prior to, and Emergency Preparedness and Included in Contractor costs Plan. Monitoring Supervising Engineer implementation during, Response plan approved by construction phase Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of construction phase Train workers on the correct transfer and handling of fuels and chemicals. Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Evidence of adequate training. Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase Changes in hydrology Site preparation Implement mitigation measures regarding the local impairment of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Local hydrological dynamic Included in Contractor costs Construction activities hydrological dynamics leading to disturbances and alteration of aquatic Monitoring: Supervising Engineer maintained in all worksites impacting and semi-aquatic habitats (see Aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats and watercourses. Transportation and traffic fauna). Waste and hazardous materials management At large water and floodplain crossings, detailed design shall aim to Detailed design consultant Throughout the construction phase Design considering hydrology and Included in Preparation engineer minimize encroachment within the floodplain and select exact location for floodplain integrity costs towers that will ensure minimal disturbances on local hydrology and floodplain. Always maintain hydrological connectivity upstream/downstream in work Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Hydrological connectivity maintained Included in Contractor costs areas. When stream crossings are unavoidable, construct suitable Monitoring: Supervising Engineer in all worksites impacting culverts to ensure sufficient water supply to maintain a viable fish habitat. watercourses. Avoid material piling, equipment and vehicle movement in rivers, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No material piling in watercourses Included in Contractor costs floodplains, and wetland areas, such as dambos and communal grazing Monitoring: Supervising Engineer and wetland areas. sites. If unavoidable, reduce access to a minimum. Temporary access roads in identified sensitive areas minimized. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-7 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Set and implement strict procedures for in-water works. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase In-water work rules approved by Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of Construction phase. Conduct activities during the dry season to minimize disturbance of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Activities in wet season minimized. Included in Contractor costs sensitive shoreline and wetland areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Modifications of surface water Site preparation Limit transport of fine particles into watercourses/waterbodies beyond the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Visual verifications of sediment Included in Contractor costs quality with a risk of Construction activities immediate work area using a method appropriate for the affected area Monitoring: Supervising Engineer plumes in aquatic env. (daily contamination. (i.e., sedimentation trap/barrier, turbidity curtain, etc.). verifications) Transportation and traffic Waste and hazardous materials Avoid crossing waterways, but if unavoidable, install a temporary bridge Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Use of temporary bridge or culvert Included in Contractor costs management or culverts at the crossing point. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer when required Construct a designated, signposted, concrete wash down bay that is fully Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Washdown bay(s) built prior to the Included in Contractor costs contained for all excess concrete and concrete wash down (e.g., plastic Monitoring: Supervising Engineer beginning of construction works in a lined). given area. No concrete washdown elsewhere. Regularly maintain the concrete washout bay, by treating any water prior Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Washout bay(s) regularly Included in Contractor costs to releasing to natural systems. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer maintained. Water treated before releasing into the environment. Install silt barriers (e.g., fencing) when working in steep riparian areas and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Required silt barriers installed. Included in Contractor costs along wetlands to minimize potential sediments being transported to Monitoring: Supervising Engineer aquatic habitats. Modifications of groundwater Site preparation Implement mitigation measures regarding the changes in soil chemical Contractor Throughout the construction phase Before/after soils samples to verify Included in Contractor costs quality with a risk of Construction activities properties and risk of soil contamination. consistency in composition and contamination. chemistry. Transportation and traffic Waste and hazardous materials Promptly pump any groundwater that could have been contaminated Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Groundwater seepage pumped out Included in Contractor costs management during excavation works; Monitoring: Supervising Engineer during excavations. Permanent loss of natural Site preparation Undertake ROW vegetation cutting with the supervision of a botanist in Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Area lost by habitat type Included in Contractor costs habitat area and of its Construction activities order to confirm and detail the habitat losses. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer associated flora Transportation and traffic Promote the selection of areas with less or no need to cut trees for the Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Temporary work and storage areas Included in Contractor costs Worksites' restoration installation of temporary work and storage areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase installed in already disturbed areas whenever possible. Ensure construction activities, including vehicle movements and material Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of encroachments outside Included in Contractor costs storage, remain within the ROW, temporary construction areas and Monitoring: Supervising Engineer identified rights-of-way. identified access roads. Visible and legible marking of rights- of-way and work zones Obtain authorization from relevant authorities for vegetation clearing and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Required permits obtained Included in Contractor costs limit vegetation cutting to the strict minimum required. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Clearly mark the extent of the ROW and temporary construction areas Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Limits of ROW marked prior to Included in Contractor costs with stakes at intervals of 50 m or less. Identify and mark the vegetation Monitoring: Supervising Engineer beginning of works in a given area. to be preserved along sections of the ROW. Establish a Compensation Plan for the loss of natural habitats, including Implementation and monitoring: Throughout construction phase Compensation plan developed prior $470,000 (Included in BMP) plantation and restoration of natural miombo woodlands in the affected PIU to beginning of the construction Final. budget should be determined Forest Reserves (See details in BMP); Also promote the use of fruit trees In collaboration with Forestry phase. in consultation with the Forest that are important food sources for African Straw-coloured Fruit Bats, Department Compensation completed as per the Department to ensure adequacy including Ficus spp, Magnistipula butayeii, Parinari curatellifolia, plan, before the end of the Syzygium cordatum, Syzygium guineense guineense, Syzygium construction phase. guineense huillense, Uapaca kirkiana, Uapaca banguelensis, and Uapaca sansibarica. Number of hectares reforested Number of seedlings produced and planted. Rate of plantation success. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) The Detailed Compensatory Plan and final budget (Reforestation/ Implementation and monitoring: Throughout construction phase Compensation plan developed prior Included in Compensation Plan cost Restoration) shall be developed in Consultation with Forestry Department. PIU to beginning of the construction In collaboration with Forestry phase. Department Compensation completed as per the plan, before the end of the construction phase. Number of hectares reforested Number of seedlings produced and planted. Rate of plantation success. Promote the use of native species for planting. Implementation and monitoring: Throughout the construction phase Number of native species used for Included in Compensation Plan cost PIU planting Number of native species used in plantations Proportion of native vs. non-native species used for planting Rehabilitate and revegetate temporary access road and work areas as Implementation: Contractor Exposed soils rehabilitated as soon Included in Contractor costs soon as possible using native vegetation species that are ecologically Throughout construction phase as possible following construction associated with local fauna Monitoring: Supervising Engineer activities. Potential loss of critical habitat Site preparation. Undertake additional targeted surveys in the ROW and temporary Implementation and monitoring: Before start of construction Additional targeted surveys $60,000 (Included in baseline for Disa aequiloba Construction activities construction areas to determine the presence Disa Aequiloba critical PIU completed in all natural wet update and development of detailed habitat and avoid these areas where it occurs. grassland and dambos BMP) Number of specimens identified Number of specimens impacted by the Project Implement a sensitization program in order to educate and increase local Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of awareness sessions $30,000 (Included in BMP) communities’ awareness on natural resources protection and Monitoring: Supervising Engineer organized overharvesting. Existence of minutes of awareness sessions Areas where Disa aequiloba specimens are found should be identified Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Specimens within ROW are Included in Contractor costs and warning signs should be placed to avoid any impairment of the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer protected and maintained. specimens. Ensure no modification to local hydrology and drainage associated to wet Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Specimens within ROW are Included in Contractor costs grassland and dambos Monitoring: Supervising Engineer protected and maintained. Potential loss of critical habitat Site preparation. Undertake additional targeted surveys in the ROW and temporary Implementation and monitoring: Before start of construction Additional targeted surveys $60,000 (Included in baseline for Euphorbia perplexa var. Construction activities construction areas to determine the presence Euphorbia perplexa var. PIU completed in all rock outcrops in and update and development of detailed kasamana kasamana a critical habitat and avoid these areas where it occurs. around Kasama Forest Reserve BMP) Number of specimens identified Number of specimens impacted by the Project Avoid construction of temporary access roads in rock outcrops in Implementation: Contractor Minimal access road in the Kasama Included in Contractor costs Kasama; Throughout construction phase Forest Reserve Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Site preparation. Protect low-lying specimens of endemic Euphorbia perplexa var. Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Specimens within ROW are Included in Contractor costs Construction activities Kasamana and other endemic Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbia jubata and Monitoring: Supervising Engineer protected and maintained. Euphorbia speciosa). Where Euphorbia perplexa var kasamasa specimens are found should be identified and warning signs should be placed to avoid any impairment of the specimens. Permanent loss of natural Site preparation. Obtain salvage permit to cut down trees in the he Kasama, Amenshi, Implementation: Contractor All permits obtained Included in Contractor costs habitat area and associated flora Construction activities Chitimukulu, Mungwi, Nkole Mfumu, Kanona and Nakonde Forest Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within forest reserves. Reserves Throughout construction phase In collaboration with Forestry Department Undertake a detailed Forestry assessment with the Forestry Department Implementation and monitoring: Before start of construction Number and species of tress Included in Contractor costs to identify standing tree volume and the number and species of trees PIU affected within each forest reserve. affected in the Kasama, Amenshi, Chitimukulu, Mungwi, Nkole Mfumu, In collaboration with Forestry Kanona and Nakonde Forest Reserves and in the assessment of required Department compensation. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-9 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Compensate for lost habitats within the forest reserves by restoring and Implementation and monitoring: Throughout construction phase Compensation plan developed prior Included in Compensation Plan cost protecting similar natural habitat within the Forest Reserve (plantation of PIU to the beginning of the construction native species in deforested areas, fencing out of key areas, restoration of In collaboration with Forestry phase. disturbed area). This shall be as part of the Compensation Plan for the Department Compensation completed as per the loss of natural habitats. plan, before the end of the construction phase. Number of hectares reforested Number of seedlings produced and planted. Rate of plantation success. Reduce width to be cleared in riverine forests, and secondary and mature Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Vegetation clearing performed as Included in Contractor costs woodland located forest reserves (width reduced to 50 m). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer required. Drainage pattern undisturbed. Within crossed forest reserves, prohibit any material piling, and reduce to Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase No material pilling within forest Included in Contractor costs a minimum the working areas. (Within the Kanona, Nkole Mfulu,Mungwi Monitoring: Supervising Engineer reserves. Chitimukulu, Amenshi, Kasama and Nakonde Forest Reserves) Number and area of work areas outside the ROW within forest reserves. Terrestrial habitat fragmentation Site preparation Restore borrow sites at the end of the work activities with native plant Implementation: Contractor At the end of the construction Restored borrow pits Included in Contractor costs and degradation in some areas Construction activities species representative of the initial conditions. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase Native vegetation planted and along the ROW maintained Transportation and traffic Waste and hazardous materials Stick to designated access and avoid the storage of material inside Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Reduction of created access roads. Included in Contractor costs management natural habitats. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Promote the selection of areas with bare soil, and less of a need for tree Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Temporary work and storage areas Included in Contractor costs cutting, for temporary work and storage areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer installed in already disturbed areas whenever possible. Undertake selective cutting of the vegetation in dambos and riparian Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Maintain vegetation in a 10 m Included in Contractor costs habitat to keep low shrubby and herbaceous species that do not Monitoring: Supervising Engineer shoreline and on steep slopes when represent a risk for the powerline. As much as possible, conserve all the compatible with ROW operation. vegetation (trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and crops) present at the edge of watercourses and in erosion-prone areas Potential introduction of invasive Site preparation Clean construction equipment properly before arriving in work areas and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Construction equipment cleared and Included in Contractor costs alien species Construction activities again when leaving if it is contaminated with invasive alien species (IAS). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer exempt of invasive species as required. Transportation and traffic Use appropriate clearing techniques in areas where invasive plant Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Hand clearing used in areas where Included in Contractor costs. species have been identified (such as hand clearing rather than Monitoring: Supervising Engineer invasive plant species are present. mechanized clearing). Bury residues of invasive alien flora species (IAS) to reduce the risk of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase IAS specimens managed as Included in Contractor costs propagation to other areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer required. Increased pressure on natural Site preparation Make chopped woody resources and residues available to local Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Chopped woody resources managed Included in Contractor costs resources. Construction activities population in order to reduce additional pressure on natural resources Monitoring: Supervising Engineer as required. Transportation and traffic Remove timber species of merchantable size in collaboration with the Implementation: Contractor During pre-construction phase Number of trees of commercial wood Included in Contractor costs Purchase of materials, goods, and Forestry Department. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer species cut down services Consultation with the Forestry Presence of workers Department Minimize harvesting, destruction, or degradation of vegetation by workers Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of awareness sessions Included in Contractor costs through an environmental protection awareness program. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer organized Existence of minutes of awareness sessions Potential impacts on species of Site preparation Undertake ROW vegetation cutting with the supervision of a botanist to Implementation and monitoring: During construction phase Botanist hired for ROW and $45,000 (Included in BMP) conservation concern Construction activities identify and relocate, if possible, species of conservation concern, PIU wayleave clearance. including critical habitat species Disa aequiloba and Euphorbia perplexa Species of conservation concern Transportation and traffic var kasamasa as well as protect vegetation that does not represent a risk identified and protected where Purchase of materials, goods, and for the powerline. Any species of conservation concern that need to be possible. services cut will be located and its habitat will be fully described. This information Reforestation program for Presence of workers will be integrated in the planning of reforestation program. If possible, compensation of cut individuals of collect seeds or cuttings from species of conservation concern species of conservation concern, prepared and implemented. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Any threatened or protected species that needs to be cut will be located Implementation: Contractor During pre-construction phase Botanist present during vegetation Included in Contractor costs and its habitat will be fully described. If possible, relocate specimens or Monitoring: Supervising Engineer cutting collect cuttings or seeds of species of conservation concern.. Number of seeds of species of conservation interest collected Update BMP with loss calculations in order to indicate the amount of Implementation and monitoring: After pre-construction phase BMP developed and updated $5,000 (Included in BMP) compensatory habitat required to facilitate more detailed planning and the PIU Number of trees cut number of threatened or protected species lost that need to be Number of trees of threatened or compensated a protected species cut Number of trees planted and maintained Develop tree and plant nurseries specifically for threatened and protected Implementation and monitoring: Prior to project implementation Number of nurseries, species $15,000 (Included in BMP) species affected by the vegetation clearing. PIU produced and number of plants Terrestrial habitat fragmentation Site preparation Avoid timing of row clearing during seasonal large mammal migration Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Included in Contractor costs and degradation in some areas Construction activities Monitoring: Supervising Engineer along the ROW; Inform the Contractor's E&S specialists when endangered fauna species Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase XXAll fauna species sitting declared Included in Contractor costs are observed in or close to project sites. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer and compiled Increased hunting pressure on Construction activities Implement biodiversity protection awareness program with workers. Contractor Prior to construction phase Biodiversity Protection Awareness Included in Contractor costs local fauna species Prohibit workers from owning firearms and other hunting gear and raise Program developed and approved by Transportation and traffic awareness about endangered fauna species and the prohibition to Supervising Engineer prior to Presence of workers engage in any kind of hunting or poaching through the Code of Conduct. beginning of construction activities. Workers engaged in poaching activities sanctioned. No bush meat consumed in workers’ camp or bought by workers. Safeguard and clear all construction materials from worksites once Implementation: Contractor Development prior to, and Hazardous materials management Included in Contractor costs construction is completed, particularly those used to reinforce structures Monitoring: Supervising Engineer implementation during, plan approved by Supervising i.e., steel wires, to avoid their use as wire snares. construction phase Engineer prior to initiation of Construction phase Worksite inspection at the end of construction works/Absence of residual material in work areas Remove cut materials or cut them into pieces small enough not to Contractor During pre-construction phase Cut or removed materials Included in Contractor costs interfere with animal movements. Put in place safety and security measures to protect workers from wild Implementation :Contractor During pre-construction phase Cut or removed materials Included in Contractor costs animals such as lions Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Attach officers from the DNPW to the Project throughout the construction Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase DNPW officers present at Included in Contractor costs period to ensure worker’s safety from wild animals. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction site Modification and degradation of Site preparation Undertake a pre-construction inspection (avifaunal walk-through) of the Walk-through survey: Avifaunal Two weeks prior to clearing in any Bird nest surveys undertaken $20,000 (Included in BMP) bird habitats. Construction activities final powerline route alignment and road access routes to identify Priority Specialist; given area within the ROW and for systematically prior to clearing. species and Red List species that may be breeding within the ROW and Monitoring: PIU the duration of the construction Active nests of identified species Transportation and traffic its immediate surroundings (1 km radius) to ensure the impacts to process: protected (no clearing/construction Purchase of materials, goods, and breeding species (if any) are adequately managed. until nest is abandoned when chicks services are mature). Presence of workers Where a priority or threatened bird species are nesting, do not undertake Walk-through survey: Avifaunal Two weeks prior to clearing in any Active nests of identified species Included in Contractor costs tree clearing within a radius of 1 km. Wait until the nest is deserted. Specialist; given area within the ROW and for protected (no clearing/construction Weekly checks to verify nest activity. Monitoring: PIU the duration of the construction until nest is abandoned when chicks process: are mature). Compensate any loss of breeding/nesting sites by the creation of suitable Avifaunal Specialist; Monitoring Throughout the construction phase Breeding/nesting sites identified in $25,000 (Included in BMP) habitats elsewhere, notably from enhancement of degraded habitats. ─ PIU bird survey and impacted by line are Involve an avifauna specialist in the implementation of compensated. compensation and additional conservation actions. Avoid, as much as possible, site preparation during peak breeding Implementation: Contractor At the start of site preparation and No site preparation work within high Included in Contractor costs seasons for birds and, more specifically, the breeding periods of special Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phases (inclusive of all sensitivity habitats in the breeding status bird species present in the Project area. Project components) to the seasons. completion of construction: ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-11 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Construction vehicles must utilize existing roads only. Speed restrictions Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of accidents recorded Included in Contractor costs must be enforced for all vehicles within the study area to limit fauna and Number of complaints recorded and avifaunal collisions. Develop and implement awareness initiatives to handled educate road users about the presence of fauna and avifaunal species utilizing the roads, particularly during dusk and dawn periods. Number of awareness-raising sessions on birds Existence of minutes of awareness- raising sessions Bird collisions with the Presence and operation of line, Conduct a comprehensive bird survey before construction begins to Surveys: Avifaunal Specialist; Prior to project effectiveness Number of survey points $320,000 for all baseline update powerlines. substations, and access roads update information on the migration routes and local movement of birds Monitoring: PIU Number of species observed (Included in baseline update and and to identify spans of powerline that require the installation of bird flight development of detailed BMP) . diverters, with a specific focus on rivers, watercourses, waterbodies, and dambos and in High, Medium-High, and medium-sensitivity areas for birds. (see Maps 4-1 to 4-3 in BMP). Bird collisions with the Presence and operation of line, Conduct bird mortality monitoring along existing powerlines in proximity to Surveys Avifaunal Specialist; Prior to project effectiveness Active nests of identified species $320,000 for all baseline update powerlines. substations, and access roads the proposed line route to inform prediction of potential bird strike and Monitoring: PIU protected (no clearing/construction (Included in baseline update and mortality impacts. until nest is abandoned when chicks development of detailed BMP) are mature). Bird and bats collisions with the Construction activities. In High, Medium-high, and Medium sensitivity habitats, illustrated in Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase All line sections described in the Included in Contractor costs powerlines. Maps 4-1 to 4-3 of the BMP, and according to observations made during Monitoring: Supervising Engineer BMP and recommended following additional surveys and monitoring, place bird diverters on the earth additional surveys are equipped with wire/ground wire spans to make the line more visible to birds. bird diverters. Priority species mortality as a Construction activities. Construction vehicles must utilize existing roads only. Speed restrictions Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No bird mortality. Included in Contractor costs result of collisions with motor to be enforced for all vehicles within the study area to limit avifaunal Monitoring: Supervising Engineer vehicles. collisions. Awareness initiatives to educate road users about the presence of avifaunal species utilizing the roads, particularly during dusk and dawn. Raise awareness on vehicle speed and collision risks. Speed restrictions Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No bird mortality. Included in Contractor costs to be enforced for all vehicles within the study area to limit avifaunal collisions. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Disturbance or destruction of bat Site preparation. Avoid clearing and construction during the rainy season near key sites. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No works at key sites during the Included in Contractor costs roosts, particularly of Near Construction activities. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer rainy season. Threatened species potentially inside the Project area. Undertake a pre-construction inspection on the final route alignment and Implementation: Bat specialist Throughout the construction phase Bat roost surveys undertaken $25,000 (Included in BMP) access roads to identify any major bat roosts within or close to the areas systematically prior to clearing. to be cleared (see details in BMP) Monitoring: PIU Where major bat roosts (over 100 bats) of near-threatened species are Implementation: Bat specialist Throughout the construction phase Active roosts of identified species Included in Contractor costs identified, do not undertake tree clearing within a radius of 1 km. Wait until Monitoring: PIU protected (no clearing/construction the roost is deserted. Come monthly to the roosting site to verify, not until roost is abandoned). more often Habitat alteration and Site preparation. Conduct a comprehensive bat survey prior to project effectiveness to Implementation: Bat specialist Prior to project effectiveness Number of individuals $320,000 for all baseline update degradation resulting in Construction activities. update information on the migration routes and local movement of bats. Number of species (Included in baseline update and reduction of activity of bats, that Transport and traffic. development of detailed BMP) Monitoring: PIU provide important ecosystem Presence of workers. services. Record bat activity before clearing and construction at specific sites (see Implementation: Bat specialist Prior to and throughout Bat activity before and during $15,000 (Included in BMP) details in BMP). construction phase construction identified and used as comparison to the operation phase. Monitoring: PIU Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation. Maintain vegetated riparian strips within and around wetlands and on Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Minimized vegetation clearings in Included in Contractor costs semi-aquatic habitats and Construction activities. each side of stream crossings. Restore as soon as possible any disturbed Monitoring: Supervising Engineer wetlands and in a 50 m buffer zone associated fauna and flora Transport and traffic. areas in the riparian buffer zone. at watercourse crossings. disturbances Disturbed riparian areas restored after conclusion of works. Do not allow any temporary access roads to be built inside wetland areas Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Construction activities in wetlands Included in Contractor costs such as dambos during the construction phase. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer performed only during the dry season. Avoid construction of temporary access roads along river banks, dambos, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Temporary access roads in identified Included in Contractor costs or in areas where soils are saturated. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer sensitive areas minimized. Avoid any works and movement of vehicles in water courses during rainy Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Minimized work near watercourses or Included in Contractor costs season to avoid impacts on threatened fish species. If unavoidable, Monitoring: Supervising Engineer wetlands. reduce access to a minimum length in wetlands and floodplains and select the most optimized site for the access considering human uses and areas of higher ecological integrity. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Fish rescue and removal will take place in all isolated work areas prior to Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Rescue and relocation operations Included in Contractor costs in-water construction. All fish will be relocated to suitable habitats Monitoring: Supervising Engineer completed during in-water work. (preferably in the same waterbody, immediately upstream or downstream Number of fish relocated of the isolated work area) in collaboration with the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Avoid vegetation clearing in wetlands and riparian areas and on steep Implementation: Contractor During pre-construction activities Integrity and strata composition of Included in Contractor costs slopes. Only cut the tree strata in riparian areas within the ROW. Maintain Monitoring: Supervising Engineer wetland and riparian habitat shrubby vegetation compatible with the clearance required for the line. Dismantle temporary access roads built for the construction phase in Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Dismantling temporary access roads Included in Contractor costs temporary wetland areas. Perform this dismantlement during the dry Monitoring: Supervising Engineer completed season and dispose of materials outside wetland areas. Dismantling of temporary access roads in wetlands during the dry season. To ensure minimal tree loss, the width of cleared areas should be Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Vegetation clearing performed as Included in Contractor costs reduced to a minimum where the line crosses riverine forests, including Monitoring: Supervising Engineer required. the Mungwi Forest Reserve. Clearing only 10 m of riverine forest Width of vegetation cleared in vegetation to accommodate conductor stringing should be considered. riparian forests. Maintain fish passage when watercourse road crossings are unavoidable Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Drainage capacity of installed Included in Contractor costs by utilizing clear span bridges or open-bottom culverts. Install diversion Monitoring: Supervising Engineer culverts equal or higher than structures (canals, dikes, and coffers) that neither obstruct fish confirmed rainy season flow rate at movements nor diminish habitat width to less than 2/3 of the current water each watercourse crossing. bodies, including rivers, wetlands, etc. Protect vegetation along watercourses by delineating water crossings and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Clearly delineated water crossings. Included in Contractor costs restoring banks immediately after work. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Restored riverbanks. Ensure appropriate protection of the bangweulu wetlands watershed. Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase All mitigation measures to preserve Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer water quality and aquatic habitats are implemented Habitat and water quality in the Lukuly, Lwitikila and Chabeshi rivers. Do not operate heavy machinery in wetland areas with standing or Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase No heavy machinery operated in Included in Contractor costs running water. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer wetlands, standing or moving water. Waste and hazardous material Do not throw debris in aquatic habitats and remove any debris introduced Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No debris in aquatic environments Included in Contractor costs management accidentally into the aquatic environment as soon as possible. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Store hazardous material and vehicles away from wetlands and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Distance between hazardous materials Included in Contractor costs watercourses floodplains, respecting recommended buffer width. Apply Monitoring: Supervising Engineer storage areas and water bodies the same distance for any refueling activity. Distance between fueling activities and water bodies Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of construction phase Avoid material piling inside wetland areas and floodplains respecting Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Distance between material storage Included in Contractor costs recommended buffer width. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer areas and wetlands Construction vehicles and traffic Use temporary wooded paths or mats for moving vehicles or machinery Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No road building in permanent Included in Contractor costs within wetlands to avoid the need for building a road. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer wetlands. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-13 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Impairment of hydrological Site preparation Conduct activities during the dry season in areas close to aquatic habitats Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Activities in the wet season reduced Included in Contractor costs dynamics leading to Construction activities to minimize disturbance of sensitive shoreline and wetland areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer to the extent possible. disturbances and alterations. Transportation and traffic Minimize encroachment of towers in wetlands and riparian areas. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of towers within wetland or Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer riparian habitat. Maintain hydrologic connectivity between upstream and downstream work Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Normal water flow Included in Contractor costs areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Hydrological connectivity maintained After termination of construction work, restore natural riverbed conditions Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase, Natural river bed conditions restored Included in Contractor costs (minor bed, natural obstacles, etc.). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer after conclusion of work activities in as required. a given area Potential introduction of invasive Site preparation Avoid equipment and vehicle movements in watercourses, floodplains, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Avoided hydric environments clearly Included in Contractor costs alien species in aquatic and Construction activities and wetland areas. If necessary, delineate areas to avoid. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer marked. semi-aquatic habitats Transportation and traffic Implement mitigation measures regarding potential introduction of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase See applicable indicators Included in Contractor costs invasive alien species in terrestrial habitats (see Habitats and flora). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Land use restrictions within the Land acquisition Notify landowners along the line route about the construction schedule Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number of awareness sessions Included in Contractor costs ROW. and activities. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase organized Existence of minutes of awareness sessions Restrict, as much as possible, construction, storage, and dismantling Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Encroachment areas outside the Included in Contractor costs activities within the limits of the ROW. Ensure validation with community Monitoring: Supervising Engineer right-of-way authorities of any area, required for work, located outside the right of way. Existence of minutes of validation meetings with local authorities Loss of arable, grazing, and Land acquisition Construct or relocate structures prior to the beginning of works or provide Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Number of structures relocated or Included in Contractor costs pastoral lands. Population resettlement temporary space during the transition period to minimize impacts on Monitoring: Supervising Engineer built activities and ensure continued access to services by the population. Number of temporary premises provided Number of complaints registered and handled. Optimize ROW to avoid sensitive areas identified during detailed census Implementation : Supervising During detailed design phase ROW optimized to avoid sensitive Included in Supervising Engineer such as cultural heritage resources. Engineer and Contractor sites and Contractor costs Monitoring : PIU Adjust the length of the span to avoid or reduce site-specific tower pad Implementation : Supervising During detailed design phase Tower location optimized to avoid Included in Supervising Engineer impacts. Select carefully tower locations to reduce impacts on land-uses Engineer and Contractor sensitive sites and Contractor costs Monitoring : PIU Validate with traditional authorities the location of temporary areas to be Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Always obtain local leaders’ Included in Contractor costs used during construction activities. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer approvals prior to establishing temporary work areas. Disruption of farming activities Site preparation Plan construction activities to be carried out outside the growing and Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Construction schedule taking into Included in Contractor costs by construction works harvesting season. Validate the agricultural calendar with communities Monitoring: Supervising Engineer account the agricultural calendar before construction. Existence of an agricultural calendar validation report issued by the technical agricultural services Pay careful attention to the choice of a tree fall zone to minimize crop Implementation: Contractor During pre-construction activities Number of complaints registered and Included in Contractor costs damage. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer processed Increased traffic and disturbance Construction activities Travel to and from the construction sites should be done during low traffic Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of complaints registered and Included in Contractor costs of traffic flow Transportation and traffic periods. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer processed Presence of workers Develop and implement traffic and transportation management plan. Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of a traffic and Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase transportation management plan Coordinate with TAZARA and TAZAMA so that the line’s installation work Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Proper authorizations obtained from Included in Contractor costs will be done without interrupting their operations. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer TAZAMA and TAZARA prior to commencement of works near their installations. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-14 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Increase in traffic and traffic Transportation and traffic. Travelling to and from the construction sites should be done during low Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No transportation activities at peak Included in Contractor costs perturbation traffic periods, limiting use of local roads and village roads, especially Monitoring: Supervising Engineer traffic times. during rainy days. Damage to existing Site preparation Prepare an inventory of the infrastructure and urban furniture within the Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of an inventory of Included in Contractor costs infrastructure Construction activities study area to rehabilitate those damaged during construction work. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase infrastructures and urban furniture Number of complaints recorded and Transportation and traffic handled Plan construction activities in collaboration with local authorities to Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of coordination protocols Included in Contractor costs minimize damage to existing infrastructures and the relocation of any Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase with local authorities infrastructure that needs to be moved. Number of complaints recorded and handled Rehabilitate damaged infrastructure as soon as possible after Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Damaged infrastructure rehabilitated Included in Contractor costs construction. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer after construction. Need for relocation of certain Land acquisition Relocation of infrastructures that need to be relocated. Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase No infrastructure services completely Included in Contractor costs infrastructure. Resettlement Monitoring: Supervising Engineer cut by construction works. Demolished infrastructure rebuilt quickly. Relocation of houses and other Land acquisition Update and implement the RAP to provide compensation measures and Implementation and Monitoring: Prior to construction phase RAP implementation report TBD buildings located within the Resettlement assistance to affected households and landowners. PIU Relocations and compensations to ROW. be completed prior to the beginning of construction. Number of complaints recorded and handled Consider the recruitment of an NGO that supports PAPs in their Implementation and Monitoring: Prior to construction phase Contract with an NGO to support Included in RAP implementation resettlement. PIU PAPs costs Creation of short-term jobs for Purchase of materials, goods, and Implement, specific training program to bridge any gaps that may exist Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number of training sessions Included in Contractor costs local communities services between the skills required and the abilities of local candidates. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase organized Labour/presence of workers Existence of training session minutes Develop a Workers’ Recruitment Action Plan to encourage the Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Labor Recruitment Action Plan Included in Contractor costs recruitment of local workers with the involvement of community leaders Monitoring: Supervising Engineer approved by Supervising Engineer and other stakeholders, to ensure transparency and to avoid conflicts prior to initiation of the construction among job seekers. phase Prioritize the workforce and local service providers in order to better Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number and ratio of local staff Included in Contractor costs involve local populations and businesses in the Project. Include measures Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase promoting employment and women-owned businesses. Disruption of livelihood activities Land acquisition Involve traditional leaders in the resettlement process. Implementation and Monitoring: Prior to construction phase Traditional leaders involved in local Included in RAP implementation Population resettlement PIU environmental and social committees costs Site preparation Traditional leaders involved in local Construction activities resettlement committees Transportation and traffic Maintain access to businesses and services during the works. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of temporary access points Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer created Number of complaints recorded and handled. Assist PAPs in planting of native plant species having a use value to Implementation and Monitoring: Prior to and throughout the Number of native species with use Included in RAP implementation maximize livelihood advantages. Assist communities to revegetate with PIU construction phase value used for plantations costs compensation money. Select species in collaboration with local Number of plants of native species communities. with use value used for plantations Minutes of meetings with local communities to select species Undertake clearing only when consent of each owner has been obtained Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase PAPs sign compensation forms Included in Contractor costs to clear plantations or cut trees in the ROW. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Increased pressure on natural Site preparation Implement mitigation measures to compensate reduction of ecosystem Permanent loss of natural habitat Prior to construction phase See indicators for Habitats and flora Included in Contractor costs resources contributing to Transportation and traffic services for local communities and increased pressure on natural area and of its associated flora communities' livelihood resources Presence of workers ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-15 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Develop and implement a Community Health and Safety Management Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of a community health and Included in Contractor costs GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS Construction Work Plan. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase safety plan Establish a voluntary and confidential STI screening program, including Implementation: Contractor, Prior to and throughout the STI screening program in place and Included in Contractor costs HIV/AIDS, for workers (to be included in subcontractor contracts). NGOs construction phase communicated Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Number of voluntary STI screenings performed Prepare and implement an STI and HIV/AIDS prevention program for both Implementation: Contractor, Prior to and throughout the HIV/AIDS prevention program Included in Contractor costs communities and workers, including strict prohibition of sexual abuse and NGOs construction phase developed and approved by sexual intercourse with partners younger than 18 years of age (underage Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Supervising Engineer prior to sex), this along with other requirements will be included in the Code of beginning of construction activities. Conduct for Workers. Prepare and implement a social awareness program comprising of Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase All workers sensitized on HIV/AIDS Included in Contractor costs induction trainings and bi-weekly toolbox talks for all workers, covering Monitoring: Supervising Engineer and other STDs at beginning of health and safety, the Code of Conduct, HIV/STDs, SEAH, Sexual and employment. Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), and alcohol abuse, GBV and All subcontractors and workers the grievance mechanism. STD and HIV/AIDS prevention program sensitized on prohibition of sexual including a strict prohibition of sexual abuse and sexual intercourse with abuse, underage sex, and partners younger than 18 years of age (underage sex), this along with consequences of infraction at other requirements will be included in the Code of Conduct for Workers. beginning of employment. All communities sensitized on HIV/AIDS, other STDs as well as on the grievance mechanism prior to the beginning of any construction works in their vicinity. GBV Management Plan approved by Supervising Engineer prior to initiation of the construction phase Ensure all contractors, including site supervisors and workers, including Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase All contractors, including site Included in the construction contract. supervising engineers, are aware of the Social Awareness Program, Monitoring: Owner’s Engineer supervisors and workers, including covering health and safety, the Code of Conduct, HIV/STDs, SEAH, supervising engineers, sensitized on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), and alcohol abuse, the Social Awareness Program at the GBV and the grievance mechanism Implement the GBV Management beginning of employment. Plan. All subcontractors and workers sensitized on prohibition of sexual abuse, underage sex, and consequences of infraction at beginning of employment. Ensure members of communities are aware of the social awareness Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Community leaders as well as Included in the construction contract. program as well as grievance mechanisms, and not only the community’s Monitoring: Owner’s Engineer women in the communities received leadership. training on SEAH, SRHR and GBV, prior to the beginning of any construction works in their vicinity. Include all gender associated risks in the Code of Conduct – refer to the Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Code of Conduct adapted with a Included in the construction contract. GBV Management Plan, including SRHR and GBV issues. Monitoring: Owner’s Engineer gender perspective and GBV measures are in place. Requirements to produce regular E&S reports to assess compliance with Implementation: Contractor and Prior and throughout construction Monitoring and evaluation report on Included in the construction contract. Gender Based Violence Management Plan and other E&S measures. PIU phase Gender Based Violence Monitoring should be done by an independent and qualified third party. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Management Plan and other E&S measures by an independent and qualified third party. Locate worker camps at a minimum distance of 1 km from towns and Implementation: Contractor and Throughout construction phase Distance between worker camps and Included in Contractor costs villages and select the most suitable location with the help of village PIU other human settlements always kept headmen. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer at 1 km or more. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Occupational health and safety Site preparation. Consistently apply a formal and documented risk assessment process Implementation: PIU and Prior to and throughout the Risk assessment completed and Included in Contractor costs hazards and risks. Construction activities conducted by a competent and experienced team of professionals at the Contractor construction phase updated. Transportation and traffic. planning stage of the construction activities to embed occupational health Waste and hazardous materials and safety considerations in the decision process. management. Methodology of risk assessment shall be based on the ALARA principal, Purchase of materials, goods, and e.g., reduce risks “As Low as Reasonably Achievable”. In the context of services. operation, this should include controlling site access and egress while Presence of workers. embedded in the site security protocols. Provide a training specific to the construction site to the workforce as well Implementation: Contractor During onboarding of new Records of completed training Included in Contractor costs as any employee, Contractor, Subcontractor, or visitor accessing the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer employees and as warranted construction site. Training specific to construction site shall be provided throughout the construction phase before being on-site. based on changing conditions or in response to accidents, incidents, injuries, or near misses. Based on the risk assessment, develop and implement clear work Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Work procedures developed and Included in Contractor costs procedures for high risks activities such as working at heights, confined Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Throughout construction phase followed during construction works spaces (excavated ditches), hot works, energizing the line. Develop and implement an audit and inspection program tailored to the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase OHS audit and inspection program Included in Contractor costs risks specific to construction sites, including risks specific to the current Monitoring: Supervising Engineer approved by Supervising Engineer Project. prior to initiation of construction phase Records of audits and inspections completed Ensure all accidents, incidents, injuries, or near misses reported and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Record keeping of all accidents, Included in Contractor costs investigated while formally monitoring the implementation and Monitoring: Supervising Engineer incidents and near misses reported, communication of control and/or preventive measures. and proof of investigation and implementation of preventative measures. Report severe and serious incidents to PIU and WB within 24-48 hours of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Severe and serious incident reported Included in Contractor costs occurence. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within 24-48 hours Copies of the identity documents of all workers should be kept by the Implementation: Contractor and Prior to construction phase Availability of copies of identity Included in Contractor costs Contractor to ensure compliance with the minimum age and be available PIU Throughout construction phase documents of all workers. upon inspection Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Ensure that the PPE requirements in the Occupational Health, Safety and Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Availability of female adapted PPE Included in Contractor costs Security Management Plan to be developed, include an obligation to Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Throughout construction phase provide PPE suitable for female workers (diverse range of body shapes and sizes). Accidents and physical injuries Site preparation. Secure equipment and demarcate any excavation work areas. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Equipment and excavation work Included in Contractor costs involving workers or residents. Construction activities Monitoring: Supervising Engineer areas properly secured. Transportation and traffic. Waste and hazardous materials Clearly delineate construction areas with signs and fences (where Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Construction areas properly secured. Included in Contractor costs management. necessary). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Purchase of materials, goods, and Hire security workers in order to ensure the safety of workers and Implementation: Contractor, Security guards on duty full time Included in Contractor costs Prior to and throughout the services. community members, as well as prevent theft and vandalism. Supervising Engineer, and PIU (24hrs) whenever camp is in construction phase Presence of workers. operation. Maintain worker camps in clean and healthy condition with separate Implementation: Contractor, Throughout the construction phase Camps maintained in satisfactory Included in Contractor costs sanitary facilities and sleeping areas provided for men and women as Supervising Engineer, and PIU condition. prescribed by international worker health standards such as the IFC- EBRD Joint Guidance Note on Worker Accommodations (Appendix 3-4). Develop and implement an Occupational H&S management plan to Implementation: Contractor Prior to beginning of construction OHS management plan approved by Included in Contractor costs protect every worker involved in construction activities, even temporary Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase Supervising Engineer prior to workers. initiation of Construction phase. Require all contractors and Subcontractors to comply with relevant WB Implementation: PIU & Contractor Prior to beginning of construction WB H&S requirements and ZESCO Included in Contractor costs health and safety requirements and ZESCO 's corporate policy. phase corporate policy integrated in Contractor and Subcontractor contracts. Supply drinking water and maintain its quality to ensure sanitation at the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Supply of constant good quality Included in Contractor costs construction sites. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer drinking water at the worksites. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-17 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Risks of accidents and physical Construction activities. Prepare and implement a Community Health and Safety Plan with the Implementation: Contractor Prior to beginning of construction Community H&S plan approved by Included in Contractor costs injuries involving residents. following elements: (i) location of sources of materials, (ii) disposal area of Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase Supervising Consultant prior to construction debris, (iii) arrangements for traffic management, (iv) fencing initiation of Construction phase. the substations and the towers, (v) and measures for avoiding the occurrence of incidents and injuries to members of the public associated with the operation of the moving equipment. Risk of accidents due to project- Construction vehicles and traffic Control speed of transport vehicles. Limit speed to 20 km/h inside villages Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of accidents recorded Included in Contractor costs related traffic and install signposts where relevant. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Number of complaints recorded and handled Limit the duration of temporary road lane closings to a minimum and take Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Area and duration of temporary Included in Contractor costs adequate measures to direct users to the bypass lanes. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer closures Number of complaints recorded and handled Provide adequate signage to inform the public of access restrictions and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Adequate signage and markings Included in Contractor costs temporary and permanent detours to bypass work areas and built Monitoring: Supervising Engineer infrastructure. Consider the use of traffic marshalls at busy junctions. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Traffic ccordination from a marshall Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer at busy junctions Increased pressure on Presence of workers Require Contractor(s) to provide health care services to their employees. Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Availability of health care services Included in the Contractor costs community health services All employees should be registered with NHIMA and the monthly cost Monitoring: Supervising Engineer throughout the construction phase. should be covered by the Contractor(s). Contractors should have in their camp or temporary facilities a medical Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase XX Included in Contractor costs clinic, with basic medicines, a qualified nurse or doctor and one or more Monitoring: Supervising Engineer ambulances depending on the distance from the camp. Assess the capacity of the local health care facilities. Make sure to have a Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Availability of health care services Included in Contractor costs contract with health care facilities and closest hospital making sure the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer throughout the construction phase. treatments available are covering for typical workers health injuries Increased stress related to Site preparation. Reduce nuisances especially near settled areas with adequate noise, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of complaints registered and Included in Contractor costs nuisances Construction activities dust, air, and water pollution reduction measures such as timely servicing Monitoring: Supervising Engineer handled Transportation and traffic. of vehicles to ensure they are in good condition, sensitization of drivers on Waste and hazardous materials safety issues (e.g., speed limits when transporting goods), watering of management. access roads, proper disposal of used oils, etc. (see environmental Purchase of materials, goods, and protection measures in other sections). services. Develop, implement and follow-up on Grievance Redress Mechanism See GRM for details on Prior to and throughout the GRM approved by Supervising Included in the construction contract. Presence of workers. responsibilities. construction phase Engineer prior to initiation of the Provision for the GRM focal points construction phase. $75,000 (allowance to the GRM focal points, fuel, and vehicle rental). Locate access roads and lay down areas away from residences to the Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Daily inspection by the Contractor of Included in Contractor costs extent possible. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer access roads for excessive noise. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and vibration levels, and follow-up corrective measures. Notify landowners along the line route and the main public transportation Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Landowners duly notified about Included in Contractor costs routes about the construction schedule and activities. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction schedule and activities. Risk of poor working conditions Presence of workers Provide drinking water and ensure its quality at construction sites. Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Drinking water available Included in Contractor costs for construction workers Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Provide sanitation facilities (one toilet for fifteen workers) at camps, Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Sanitation facilities in camps and Included in Contractor costs substations, and tower erection points. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction sites Provide separate accommodation and sanitation facilities in work camps Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Separate accommodation and Included in Contractor costs in order to satisfy both gender needs. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer sanitation facilities for both sexes and ensure lightning Develop and implement a Workers’ Grievance Redress Mechanism Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the approved by Supervising Engineer Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase prior to initiation of the construction phase WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-18 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Work-related injury or health Site preparation Equip workers with PPE and require their effective use in work areas of Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of PPE available and Included in Contractor costs effect Exploitation of borrow pits high dust and noise levels (masks, ear plugs, etc.). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer actually used; Construction activities for the Number of work-related accidents transmission line recorded Construction activities for Provide training specific to construction site to the workforce as well as Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of training sessions specific Included in Contractor costs substations any employee, Contractor, Subcontractor, or visitor accessing the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer to the construction site Management of hazardous construction site. Access to the construction site will be denied without All workers on site received training products and residual materials confirmation that the training session has been completed. Minutes of site-specific training Construction vehicles and traffic sessions Ensure International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC) or Material Safety Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of PPE available and Included in Contractor costs Data Sheets (MSDS) or equivalent data/information is readily available in Monitoring: Supervising Engineer actually used; English to exposed workers and first aid personnel. Number of work-related accidents recorded Develop and implement an Occupational Hygiene, Health, and Safety Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of an occupational health Included in Contractor costs Plan to protect every worker involved in construction activities, even Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase and safety plan temporary workers. Number of work incidents reported Remove construction debris generated on-site immediately after Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No debris left on site Included in Contractor costs construction activities, sort them and manage them in accordance with Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Quantity of wood debris handed over applicable national regulation. If possible, favour the reuse of wooden to the public debris by local populations. Tension with surrounding Land acquisition Develop, implement, and maintain a Stakeholder Engagement Plan. Implementation: Contractor - PIU Prior to and throughout Documentation of all information and Included in Contractor costs communities and social Resettlement Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase engagement activities (MoM and Responsibility under ZESCO: acceptability. Site preparation. signature lists). $85,000 Construction activities Transportation and traffic. Maintain ongoing communication with communities and traditional Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Traditional leaders involved in local Included in Contractor costs Waste and hazardous materials leaders. Ensure that they are involved in the process of population PIU environmental and social committees management. relocation. Traditional leaders involved in local Purchase of materials, goods, and resettlement committees services. Follow a strict “official” recruitment process whereby all workers need to Implementation: Contractor - PIU Throughout the construction phase No recruitment outside official Included in Contractor costs Presence of workers. present their application through official offices. offices. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Recruitment All workers require written contracts and should be given a copy Implementation: Contractor - PIU Throughout the construction phase Availability of all written contracts to Included in Contractor costs Monitoring: Supervising Engineer all employees. Tensions between local Purchase of materials, goods, and Locate worker camps at distance from towns and villages in order to limit Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Distance between workers' camps Included in Contractor costs populations and outside workers services interactions between workers and the community. Select the most Monitoring: Supervising Engineer and towns and villages Presence of workers suitable location with the help of community leaders Sensitize workers to the cultural realities of the area and train workers on Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number of awareness-raising Included in Contractor costs appropriate social behaviours. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase sessions on cultural realities and appropriate behaviors Existence of minutes of awareness- raising sessions Risk of sexual abuse by workers Presence of workers Increase security in the Project area (police presence, lighting, and Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of security guards hired Included in Contractor costs and especially child abuse. signage) during the construction phase. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer Number of recorded acts of violence, theft or vandalism Favour the employment of local workers to reduce the risk of sexual Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number of local employees Included in Contractor costs harassment and violence caused by migrant workers. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase Existence of a labor recruitment and influx management plan Sensitize all contractors, workers, and communities on the Social Contractor Prior to and throughout the Number of awareness-raising Included in Contractor costs Awareness Program, including explanations on risks posed by STDs, construction phase sessions on the STI/HIV/AIDS sanctions, etc. Ensure that a grievance redress mechanism as well as a program GBV Action Plan are in place and implemented. Existence of minutes of awareness- raising sessions GBV induction training to be delivered to all personal to be involved in the Contractor Prior to and throughout the Training records Included in Contractor costs construction work phase. construction phase Maintain construction camps safe and secure for women and vulnerable Implementation: Contractor Throughout construction phase Camps designed with a gender Included in the construction contract. groups. Monitoring: Owner’s Engineer perspective, including sufficient lighting, gender-segregated locker rooms and latrines, etc. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-19 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Develop and implement a Gender-Based Violence Management Plan. Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of a plan to assess and Included in Contractor costs construction phase manage the risks of gender-based violence and harassment. Immediately report any suspected case of sexual abuse or underage sex Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of reports of sexual abuse Included in Contractor costs to the supervising engineer and PIU. Management of such cases should Complaints recorded and handled be based on the following principles: appropriately – Immediate suspension of employment for accused workers; – Trigger grievance redress mechanism processes if not already done and invite an impartial observer to follow the process. If accusations are found to be justified, the Lead Contractor shall: – Immediately cease employment of the accused worker and report criminal offences to appropriate authorities for prosecution; – Compensate the affected person and community according to an agreement to be negotiated using a grievance redress mechanism. These compensations may not take a monetary form and shall be validated as fair by the impartial observer. If accusations are found not to be justified, the Lead Contractor shall reinstate the worker in its regular tasks with compensation for lost income during suspension. The first sexual abuse and/or underage sex complaint or event treated in front of a grievance committee (which may involve one or more workers) where accusations of sexual abuse and/or underage sex are found to be justified shall attract the following consequences for the Lead Contractor, in addition to those listed above: – Warning from the PIU about consequences of any additional cases; – Obligation to submit a remedial plan to be approved by the PIUa. The second instance where a sexual abuse and/or underage sex complaint treated in front of a grievance committee finds accusations to be justified shall trigger immediate suspension of all construction work. National legal process must also be applied. Put in place the Code of Conduct for workers Refer to the GBV Management Plan Increase in vulnerability to Land acquisition Provide training to women and vulnerable groups regarding finances and Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Number of training courses held Included in Contractor costs financial abuse due to the sums Resettlement compensation to avoid financial abuse. PIU List of participating women of money given to PAPs as Existence of training meeting compensation for lost assets minutes Difficulties in asserting their Land acquisition Ensure appropriate consideration of women and vulnerable persons in Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Presence of women and vulnerable Included in Contractor costs rights during the compensation Resettlement decision-making. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer persons at meetings with PAPs and decision-making processes due to language barriers, Ensure the involvement of women in negotiations related to compensation Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Presence of women and vulnerable Included in Contractor costs sociocultural norms, or limited aspects so as to ensure that they are stakeholders in the process of PIU persons at meetings with PAPs access to available support allocating and distributing these compensations. In-kind compensation registered in resources. the name of all spouses concerned Women being sidetracked from Land acquisition. Perform close monitoring during RAP inventories and ensure women are Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Proportion of female PAPs vs. total Included in the RAP. the compensation and decision- Resettlement compensated for their assets and included in the negotiation process for PIU PAPs compensated under the final making processes. compensation. RAP, similar to preliminary RAP. ZESCO’s Consent for Compensation/Disclosure form, included in the Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Compensation payments issued in Included in the RAP. RAP should be adapted for more than one signature in case of household PIU the names of all spouses or single in unions, including polygamous marriages. heads of households as relevant. Land use and compensation Land acquisition Support the most vulnerable households (youth, women, persons with Implementation and monitoring: Prior to construction phase Number of vulnerable households Included in RAP implementation disputes Site preparation disabilities) and individuals in organizing their resettlement. PIU and PAPs costs Setting up of construction sites Support activities carried out Construction activities for the transmission line Construction activities for substations WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-20 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Increased marginalization of Presence of workers Encourage the recruitment of female workers, with equal payment for Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the At least 30% of women employees. Included in Contractor costs women, youth and persons with male and female workers, for equivalent jobs. Set targets for unskilled Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase At least 30% of youth employees disabilities during the workforce and rationale for target. youth (persons aged 19 to 35). employment process At least 5% of persons with disability employees. No wage inequalities. Provide opportunities to women in income-generating activities during Implementation and monitoring: Throughout the construction phase Number of women providing services Included in Contractor costs construction, e.g., provision of catering services, selling local products, PIU or products etc., with price limits in order not to cause inflation. Percentage of women’s businesses/groups as service providers Organize women in groups and provide training for specific line of service Implementation and monitoring: Prior to and throughout the Included in Contractor costs providing such as catering and food production, and others as identified PIU construction phase as opportunities for this group and PWD. Disturbance of women and Land acquisition Prioritize vulnerable households and people regarding access to social Implementation and monitoring: Prior to and throughout the Number of vulnerable households Included in RAP implementation vulnerable groups’ livelihood Resettlement measures and programs. PIU construction phase and PAPs costs activities resulting in a risk of with access to social measures and Construction activities impoverishment programs As part of the RAP monitoring program, identify the most vulnerable Implementation and monitoring: During the RAP monitoring period Number of vulnerable households Included in RAP implementation households and individuals and ensure close monitoring of their health PIU and PAPs costs and integration into host communities. Activities carried out to monitor their health and integration Potential disturbance or Site preparation Develop and implement a Cultural Heritage Management Plan. Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Cultural Heritage management plan Included in Contractor costs destruction of archaeological Construction activities Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase approved by Supervising Engineer sites and/or objects prior to initiation of construction Transportation and Traffic phase Prepare and implement chance find procedures, including supervision of Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Existence of a procedure for Included in Contractor costs excavation works by an archeologist. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase incidental findings Number of reports of chance finds Report any accidental discovery to the worksite manager, who will report Contractor Throughout the construction phase Number of reports of chance finds Included in Contractor costs it to competent authorities. Interruption of work carried out Potential destruction of physical Site preparation Conduct line route optimization to avoid rock outcrops in proximity and Inplementation : Supervising During detailed design phase Line route optimized to avoid rock Included in Supervising Engineer cultural resources within the Construction activities within the Mwela Rock Art site. engineer outcrops costs Mwela Rock Art site; Transportation and Traffic Develop and implement a Cultural Heritage Management Plan.including Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Cultural Heritage management plan Included in Contractor costs specific measures for the Mwela Rock Art site. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the approved by Supervising Engineer Mwela Rock Art site prior to initiation of construction phase Locate and demarcated/fenced all physical cultural resources and rock Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Physical cultural resources and rock Included in Contractor costs arts in proximity of access roads, work areas and wayleave. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the arts demarcated or fenced Mwela Rock Art site Conduct all works within the Mwela Rock Art site with an archeologist Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Presence of an archeologist from the Included in Contractor costs from the NHCC. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the NHCC Mwela Rock Art site Identify access roads and work areas with the presence of an Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Access roads and work areas Included in Contractor costs archeologist from the NHCC. A dedicated Transport Management Plan Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the validated by an archeologist. and strict work procedures within the site should be developed and Mwela Rock Art site Transport management Plan for the implemented. Mwela Rock Art site developed and implemented Establish a Compensation Plan for the reduction of the tourism status of Implementation: ZESCO Throughout the construction phase If applicable, establish a TBD the site within the Mwela Rock Art site Compensation Plan and pay compensation to NHCC. Continuously monitor project activities and excavations of areas greater Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase Continuous monitoring of excavation Included in Contractor costs than 1 meter Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within the Mwela Rock Art site works greater than 1 meter Cover excavated materials within the Mwela Rock Art Site with erosion Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No sign of erosion within the site Included in Contractor costs control blankets Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within the Mwela Rock Art site ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-21 Cost Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators (USD) Strictly implement waste management within the site. All rubble should be Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction phase No waste left on the site Included in Contractor costs removed from the site. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within the Mwela Rock Art site Conduct training and induction for workers on safe practices within the Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Register of training. Training Included in Contractor costs site Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the completed for all staff including Mwela Rock Art site drivers Rehabilitate all disturbed areas within the Mwela Rock Art site after Implementation: Contractor After construction works finalized Areas rehabilitated to their original Included in Contractor costs completion of works. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within the site state. Potential disturbance or Land acquisition In consultation with affected communities, find an optimized line route if Detailed design consultant During line detailed design Number of sacred forests in the Included in Preparation engineer destruction of burial sites and/or Resettlement the ROW encroaches into a sacred forest. ROW costs sacred sites Site preparation Provide financial and logistical assistance for the pacification rituals and Implementation and monitoring Prior to construction phase Number of community cultural sites Included in Contractor costs Construction activities the relocation of known burial grounds, sacred sites, or any other cultural PIU affected Transportation and traffic sites of importance to communities if needed. Number of rituals and relocations carried out Favour allowing the cemeteries and sacred sites to remain inside the Implementation and monitoring Prior to construction phase Number of community cultural sites Included in RAP implementation ROW as preferred by the communities. If displacement is unavoidable, PIU affected costs initiate discussions with respective communities to reach an agreement Number of rituals and relocations on an acceptable process, cost, and relocation site. carried out Adjust pylon spacing to avoid the cemeteries and sacred sites. Detailed design consultant During line detailed design Number of cemeteries or sacred Included in Preparation engineer sites affected costs After discussion and agreement with the concerned communities, Implementation and monitoring Prior to construction phase Number of cemeteries or sacred Included in Contractor costs implement the agreed measures to remedy any unavoidable disturbance PIU sites affected of cemeteries and sacred sites. Existence of consultation meetings with communities to discuss measures to be applied Consult with village leaders before carrying out work to make a final Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Existence of minutes of consultation Included in Contractor costs check on the potential presence of sacred sites and rituals affiliated with Monitoring: Supervising Engineer with village chiefs to verify the them. presence of sacred sites Acquire the land rights where the cemetery and graves will be relocated. Implementation and monitoring Prior to construction phase Acquired and transferred land rights Included in RAP implementation Transfer these rights to the families concerned. PIU costs Potential disturbance of cultural Site preparation Plan activities so that they are carried out outside periods when cultural Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Existence of construction activity Included in Contractor costs activities and celebrations Construction activities activities important to communities are planned. Validate the cultural Monitoring: Supervising Engineer schedules that take into account Transportation and traffic calendar with communities before construction. important cultural activities Existence of cultural calendar validation minutes for communities Temporary degradation of the Site preparation Prior to the start of construction work, document the existing environment Implementation: Contractor Prior to construction phase Pre-work photos and videos of Included in Contractor costs landscape at worksite. Construction activities using videos and photos. The information gathered must be used to Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction sites Transportation and traffic restore the site to its original state, with the exception of the ROW. Restoration plan adapted to the initial conditions captured WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-22 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3.1.3 OPERATION E&S measures proposed to mitigate negative impacts or enhance the positive impacts during the operation phase are presented in Table 3-2. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-23 Table 3-3 Management Measures to be implemented during the Operation Phase Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Continue implementation of ESMS throughout the operation phase ZESCO Project lifetime Reporting executed as per scheduled in ESMS. ZESCO operation budget Temporary air quality Presence and operation of line, Ensure that all equipment, vehicles, and machinery are in good working order, ZESCO Project lifetime Monthly inspections of vehicles and equipment. ZESCO operation budget deterioration substations and access roads including mufflers, catalytic converters, brakes, silencers, and clean (power Maintenance and repairs washed), free of leaks, and excess oil and grease. Transportation and circulation Restrict speed on loose surface roads to 20 km/h during dry or dusty ZESCO Project lifetime Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on ZESCO operation budget conditions and install signposts where relevant. noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Greenhouse gas emissions. Presence and operation of line, Use reduced sulphur diesel to limit emissions of particulate matter and ZESCO During the operation and Low-sulphur diesel available at all times and used by all vehicles and ZESCO operation budget substations and access roads sulphur dioxide caused by combustion. maintenance phase machinery. Maintenance and repairs Management of hazardous products and residual materials Transportation and circulation Waste and hazardous materials management Increase in noise and Presence and operation of line, Ensure that all motor equipment and machinery are in good working order ZESCO During the operation and Existence of up-to-date. ZESCO operation budget vibration levels. substations and access roads and that they are equipped with high-performance silencers and in good maintenance phase for all equipment on site. Maintenance and repairs condition. Transportation and circulation Comply with IFC’s EHS Guidelines regarding noise levels ZESCO During the operation and Existence of national ambient or international standards such as ZESCO operation budget maintenance phase those of the IFC. Ensure regular maintenance to reduce sources of humming noise, such as ZESCO During the operation and Sources of hum identified and equipment involved monitored. ZESCO operation budget conductor mounting hardware that requires tightening. maintenance phase Develop and implement a Pollution Prevention Management Plan including ZESCO Prior to and during the Existence of a Pollution Prevention Management Plan including noise 65,000 noise management. operation and management. maintenance phase Restrict noise and vibration generating activities near residential or ZESCO Project lifetime National noise standards respected. ZESCO operation budget institutional sensitive receptors to the period considered as daytime (between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.). Changes in soil chemical Presence and operation of line, Develop and implement a Residual Materials and Hazardous Product ZESCO Prior to and during the Existence of a Residual Materials and Hazardous Products $75,000 properties and risk of soil substations and access roads Management Plan that strictly respects waste management practices in operation and Management Plan. contamination. Maintenance and repairs accordance with the national regulations and the environmental and social maintenance phase Management of hazardous products management plan (ESMP). and residual materials Keep a spill containment kit readily accessible in the event of an accidental ZESCO Project lifetime Spill containment and cleanup equipment onsite. ZESCO operation budget Transportation and circulation spill and ensure on-site staff is trained in its use. Train workers on the correct transfer and handling of fuels and chemicals and ZESCO Project lifetime Evidence of adequate training. ZESCO operation budget in response to spills. · Use impervious surfaces for refueling areas and other fluid transfer areas. ZESCO Project lifetime Implementation of proper refueling procedures. ZESCO operation budget Provide adequate secondary containment for fuel storage tanks and for the temporary storage of other fluids such as lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids. Install oil water separators and grease traps at refueling facilities, workshops, ZESCO Project lifetime Presence of oil water separators and grease traps. Inspections to ZESCO operation budget parking areas, fuel storage, and containment areas. ensure proper storage handling techniques are being followed. Control and reduce at the source of the production of waste and hazardous ZESCO Project lifetime Waste production minimized. ZESCO operation budget waste. Develop and implement an Emergency Preparedness and ResponsePlan. ZESCO Prior to beginning of Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan adopted prior to $60,000 for development This plan must include an emergency response in case of fire (including at operations beginning of the operation phase. and purchase of spill kits substations), major soil erosion, and seismic events. Inspect all equipment that may contain contaminants, such as transformers, ZESCO Project lifetime Large stationary equipment inspected twice a year. ZESCO operation budget regularly to detect, among others, signs of leaks or spill. Store all ignitable, reactive, flammable, corrosive, and toxic materials in ZESCO Project lifetime No ignitable, reactive, flammable, corrosive, or toxic materials stored ZESCO operation budget clearly labelled containers. Storage locations for these materials will be elsewhere than labelled containers. Secondary containment provided. equipped with secondary containment to prevent the release of chemicals to the environment in the event of a spill. Store hazardous materials (mainly used oil and gas) in a manner that ZESCO Project lifetime Secure storage of all hazardous materials. ZESCO operation budget prevents interaction with each other or with the environment or from being tampered accidentally. Provision of secondary containment, drip trays or other overflow and drip containment measures, for hazardous materials containers at connection points or other possible overflow points. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-25 Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Modifications of surface Presence and operation of line, Implement mitigation measures regarding the risk of soil contamination (see ZESCO During the operation and See applicable indicators. Included in costs for water quality with a risk of substations and access roads Soils and agricultural potential). maintenance phase implementation of the contamination; Maintenance and repairs RMHWMP Modifications of Management of hazardous products Avoid destabilization of shores and sediments or other pollutants rejection in ZESCO During the operation and Maintenance frequency of permanent access roads. ZESCO operation budget groundwater quality with a and residual materials watercourses during road and wayleave maintenance. maintenance phase Stream crossing inspection report. risk of contamination. Transportation and circulation Modification of natural Presence and operation of powerline Only excavate the lower third of ditches during drainage ditch maintenance in ZESCO During the operation and Adequately landscaped ditches. ZESCO operation budget runoff patterns and substations order to maintain ditch slope stability. maintenance phase Access road inspection reports. Maintenance of vegetation Presence and operation of line, Use mechanical method for vegetation control instead of chemical herbicides ZESCO During the operation and Mechanical method of vegetation control applied. ZESCO operation budget in an early stage of substations and access roads inside the ROW. maintenance phase No herbicides used. regeneration materials management Maintenance Areas where endangered species are found should be identified and warning ZESCO During the operation and Warning signs in place. ZESCO operation budget and repairs signs should be placed to avoid any impairment of the specimens if they do maintenance phase not represent a serious risk to the transmission line. Undertake selective control of the vegetation in dambos and riparian habitat, ZESCO Project lifetime Scrubby and herbaceous cover maintained all along the wayleave. ZESCO operation budget including Mungwi Forest Reserve to keep low shrubby species that do not represent a risk for the powerline. As much as possible, conserve all the vegetation (trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and crops) present at the edge of watercourses and in erosion-prone areas. Potential introduction of Presence and operation of line, Implement an IAS monitoring program following project construction and site ZESCO Project lifetime IAS monitoring program ready at the beginning of operational phase. Included in monitoring costs invasive alien species substations and access roads re-vegetation in sensitive areas, such as forested patches and montane Monitoring conducted at least every 5 years. Maintenance and repairs grasslands and swamps. Consider conducting monitoring at the same time as Transportation and circulation ROW management. Local reduction of density Maintenance and repairs Undertake monitoring of natural resources exploitation and implement a ZESCO During the operation and Natural resource exploitation monitoring report. Included in implementation for species of higher use Presence of workers sensitization program in order to educate and increase local communities’ maintenance phase Number of awareness-raising sessions on natural resource monitoring costs value in given areas awareness on natural resources protection. protection. Existence of minutes of awareness-raising sessions. Dispose of organic material removed from the ROW properly and in ZESCO During the operation and Organic materials removed from the right-of-way. ZESCO operation budget collaboration with local communities. maintenance phase Evidence of communication with local communities. Impairment of natural Presence and operation of line, Undertake selective control of the vegetation in order to keep low shrubby and ZESCO During the operation and Selective vegetation control carried out. ZESCO operation budget habitats and associated substations and access roads herbaceous species that do not represent a risk for the power line (species maintenance phase flora communities Maintenance and repairs that cannot grow more than 2 m in height). Transportation and circulation Develop and implement the BMP ZESCO Prior to and during the Existence of a Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP). Included in monitoring costs operation and See biodiversity-related indicators. maintenance phase Maintain all work inside the access road and ROW footprints to reduce ZESCO Project lifetime No maintenance nor repair works outside ROW and access roads. ZESCO operation budget encroachment on natural habitats Clearly mark the extent of vegetation control in the ROW. Identify and mark ZESCO Project lifetime ROW limits clearly marked. ZESCO operation budget the vegetation to be preserved along sections of the ROW. Make chopped woody resources and residues available to local population in ZESCO Project lifetime Chopped woody resources and residues not in the ROW. ZESCO operation budget order to reduce additional pressure on natural resources. Loss of ecosystem services Presence and operation of line, Coordinate with local authorities to allow local population to benefit from ZESCO During the operation and Community agreements for the use of wood resources. ZESCO operation budget provided to communities by substations and access roads woody material cleared from the ROW. maintenance phase natural habitats Maintenance and repairs Transportation and circulation Disturbance of large Maintenance and repairs Minimize ROW maintenance activities along and during seasonal migration ZESCO Project lifetime ROW management activities minimized along migration routes during ZESCO operation budget mammal migrations. routes for large mammals migration seasons of large mammals. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-26 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Bird collisions and risks of Presence and operation of line, Maintenance of mitigation measures (bird flight diverters) must be realized for ZESCO Project lifetime Mitigation measures in good working order, thereby preventing bird ZESCO operation budget electrocution substations and access roads the operational life span of the powerlines and associated substations, and mortality. the equipment within the substation yards. Collaborate with land planning authorities to prevent implementation of ZESCO Project lifetime Yearly coordination meetings with local authorities. ZESCO operation budget infrastructure or land uses near the electrical infrastructure that may constitute an attraction for birds such as landfills. Ensure the distance between conductors is above 3 m to avoid electrocution Supervising Distance between conductors greater than 3 m. Included in Preparation During detailed design of large birds. Engineer engineer costs Identify site-specific mitigation reactively if avian induced faulting is observed. ZESCO; Project lifetime: Number of avian induced faulting. ZESCO operation budget Avifaunal Mitigation measures implemented. Specialist; Local NGO. Apply same design when two lines are side by side. ZESCO. Design Same design is applied. Included in Project design. Bird electrocution Operation of substations Monitoring of bird electrocutions encountered during routine inspection of the ZESCO Project lifetime Data to be included: number of mortalities, species involved, and ZESCO operation budget substation yards ZESCO substation Managers. location. Mitigation measures developed and implemented if required. Installation of bird flight diverters to also lower bat mortality rates. Implementation: Throughout construction All line sections recommended following walk-through survey are Included in Contractor costs Contractor; phase equipped with bird diverters. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer. Priority species mortality as Maintenance and repairs. Raise awareness on vehicle speed and collision risks. Speed restrictions to Implementation: Project lifetime No bird mortalities. ZESCO operation budget a result of collisions with be enforced for all vehicles within the study area to limit avifaunal collisions. All ZESCO staff, motor vehicles. Environmental Control Officer, Avifaunal Specialist. Modification and alteration Maintenance and repairs Schedule ROW management activities to avoid breeding and nesting seasons ZESCO; avifaunal Project lifetime ROW management activities minimized during nesting seasons of ZESCO operation budget of bird habitats, with of bird species with special status. specialist bird species with special status. associated modifications in fauna communities Disturbances of the water’s Presence and operation of line, Implement mitigation measures regarding the risk of groundwater and surface ZESCO During the operation and No major contamination of water resources. Included in costs for physical and chemical substations, and access roads water contamination (see Water resources). maintenance phase implementation of the characteristics causing Maintenance and repairs RMHWMP modifications in aquatic Management of hazardous products Use mechanical method for vegetation control inside the ROW. Forbid use of ZESCO Project lifetime No chemical products used in maintenance of ROW and wayleave. ZESCO operation budget habitats and associated and residual materials chemical pesticides to control vegetation in the ROW fauna Avoid the destabilization of shores, and sediment or other pollutant rejection ZESCO Project lifetime Careful road maintenance. ZESCO operation budget in watercourses during road and wayleave maintenance. Disturbance of wetlands Presence and operation of line, Oversee activities permitted in the ROW, including the development of ZESCO During the operation and Number of inspections carried out to control activities in the right-of- ZESCO operation budget specialist species and substations, and access roads cultivated fields along watercourses or in wetlands. maintenance phase way. species of conservation Maintenance and repairs Number of cultivated fields bordering watercourses or in wetlands. interest Transportation and circulation Clearly mark sensitive areas, especially riparian ecotones, before each ZESCO During the operation and Sufficient visible and legible signage. ZESCO operation budget Presence of workers maintenance clearing period. maintenance phase Potential introduction of Maintenance and repairs Implement the invasive alien species Monitoring Program in aquatic and ZESCO During the operation and Existence of an IAS monitoring program in aquatic and semi-aquatic Included in monitoring costs invasive alien species (IAS) Transportation and circulation semi-aquatic habitats. maintenance phase habitats. in aquatic and semi-aquatic Number of IAS species detected. Presence of workers habitats Areas affected by IAS. Movement barrier for Presence and operation of line, Ensure regular maintenance of permanent access roads and related ditches ZESCO Project lifetime Hydrological connectivity maintained in all worksites impacting $10,000 per year aquatic fauna within substations, and access roads and culverts to prevent the water crossings from becoming insurmountable watercourses. watercourses obstacles for the aquatic fauna. Maintenance will also prevent soil erosion No signs of erosion. leading to sediment input into aquatic habitats. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-27 Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Land use restriction within Presence and operation of line, Consider the presence of the line and substations in planning urban ZESCO During the operation and Number of meetings with local authorities. ZESCO operation budget the ROW substations, and access roads developments or other projects. maintenance phase Existence of minutes of meetings with local authorities. Maintenance and repairs Allow certain agricultural activities that do not disturb the operation of lines in ZESCO Project lifetime Grazing and low-lying crops allowed in ROW. ZESCO operation budget the ROW and do not compromise the safety of users (maximal height of vegetation of 2 m). Occasional encroachment Presence and operation of line, Plan maintenance activities to be carried out outside the growing and ZESCO During the operation and Construction schedule taking into account the agricultural calendar. ZESCO operation budget of machinery on crops for substations, and access roads harvesting season. Validate the agricultural calendar with communities before maintenance phase Existence of agricultural calendar validation certificates issued by maintenance purposes Maintenance and repairs construction. technical agricultural services. Transportation and circulation Compensate for damage to property or assets during maintenance, including ZESCO During the operation and Number of assets damaged and compensated for during $5,000 per year Presence of workers damage to crops. maintenance phase maintenance activities. Number of complaints registered and handled. Radio and television signal Presence and operation of line, Use adequate measures during design to avoid potential interference with Preparation During detailed design Measures to avoid interference integrated into design. Included in Preparation interruption substations, and access roads electrical appliances in households living near the powerline. consultant Number of complaints recorded and handled. consultant costs Collision with low-flying Presence and operation of line, Install markers to minimize risk of low-flying aircrafts in aircraft pathways Preparation During detailed design Markers installed in aircraft where there are low-flying aircrafts Included in Preparation aircrafts substations and access roads consultant pathways. consultant costs Creation of jobs Presence and operation of line, Disclose information on newly created business opportunities. ZESCO Prior to operation and Information published from the beginning of the operation phase. ZESCO operation budget substations, and access roads entire Project lifetime Maintenance and repairs Implement, where possible, a specific training program to bridge any gaps ZESCO Project lifetime Target 25% of local labour for skilled tasks. ZESCO operation budget Transportation and circulation that may exist between the skills required and the abilities of local candidates. Presence of workers Apply human resource policies favoring local labor. ZESCO Project lifetime Target 90% of local labour for unskilled tasks. ZESCO operation budget Purchase of materials, goods, and services Increased quality of public Presence and operation of line, Rural electrification: optimize projects for each individual community to be REA Prior to operation and Rural electrification projects launched at the beginning of operation. REA budget services substations, and access roads connected, by selecting electricity uses that will bring the most benefits to the entire Project lifetime community, such as schools, health services, and trading centers. Increase in food security Presence and operation of line, Rural electrification: study the opportunity to install grain mills or other REA Prior to operation and Studies launched at the beginning of operation. REA budget substations, and access roads agricultural infrastructure in some communities where needed. entire Project lifetime Increased reliability of water Presence and operation of line, Rural electrification: study the possibility of providing water provision REA Prior to operation and Studies launched at the beginning of operation. REA budget provision substations, and access roads infrastructure entire Project lifetime Risk of electrocution Presence and operation of line, Implement a sensitization program with affected communities to raise ZESCO Prior to operation and Target: no electrocutions over the line's lifecycle. See Training Program caused by equipment substations, and access roads awareness on health and safety in the presence of a high-voltage line (risks of entire Project lifetime breakdown, illegal Maintenance and repairs electrocution, electromagnetic risks, behaviour, and prevention). Educate connections, steel thefts, local populations on safe behavior in the presence of a high-voltage powerline and other forms of unsafe such as bushfire, slash and burn practices under and close to the powerline. contact Develop and implement an Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan in ZESCO Prior to operation and Emergency plans adopted from onset of operation phase. $60,000 case of infrastructure breakdowns, especially near roads or residential areas entire Project lifetime (in case of fire, major soil erosion or seismic events). Install and maintain warning signs and anti-climbing devices on electrical ZESCO Project lifetime Signs installed from onset of operation phase. n/a (project costs) towers and on the fences surrounding electrical substations. Raise awareness about electrocution risks and those associated with electromagnetic fields. Monitor and control illegal connections ZESCO Project lifetime Target: 0 illegal connections. ZESCO operation budget Develop and implement a Community Health and Safety Management Plan. ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of a community health and safety management plan. $40,000 the operation and maintenance phase Theft of equipment and Presence and operation of line, Hiring of security personnel. ZESCO Project lifetime Target: 0 acts of vandalism or theft. ZESCO operation budget vandalism, community substations, and workers’ camp, members safety presence of workers Exposure to disease Presence of workers Prepare a Community Health and Safety Management Plan. ZESCO Prior to construction and Community Health and Safety Plan to be available to guide ZESCO operation budget entire Project lifetime contractors prior to the beginning of construction. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-28 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Increased stress related to Presence and operation of powerline Implement a strategy at the local community level to monitor ROW and avoid ZESCO Throughout the operation Number of awareness sessions organized. Included in costs associated nuisances and substations their transformation into a landfill. Raise awareness of local populations and maintenance phase Existence of minutes of awareness sessions. with the monitoring program regarding solid waste management. Number of incidents reported. Install downward-facing security lighting at the substations to help avoid or ZESCO During detailed design Downlighting. See costs during reduce light pollution. Number of complaints recorded and handled. construction Notify landowners along the line route about the maintenance schedule and ZESCO Throughout the operation Number of awareness sessions organized. ZESCO operation budget activities. and maintenance phase Existence of minutes of awareness sessions. Risk of poor working Labour/presence of workers Develop and implement a Workers' Grievance Reporting and Redress ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of a grievance management mechanism for workers. $25,000 conditions for maintenance Management Plan. the operation and Number of worker complaints registered and processed. workers maintenance phase Occupational health and Presence and operation of the line, Maintain a minimal working distance to the energized components during ZESCO Throughout the operation Number of work incidents reported. ZESCO operation budget safety hazards and risks substations, and access roads. maintenance work. and maintenance phase Minimum distance applied. Transportation and circulation. Maintenance and repairs. Develop and implement an Occupational Health and Safety Management ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of an occupational health and safety management plan and $75,000 Waste and hazardous materials Plan with clear working procedures to protect every worker involved in the operation and working procedures. management. maintenance activities. maintenance phase Number of work incidents reported. Purchase of materials, goods, and Ground all conducting objects (for example, fences and metallic structures) ZESCO Prior to the operation and All conductive objects are earthed. See construction costs services. installed near powerlines to prevent shock. maintenance phase Number of incidents reported. Presence of workers. Equip workers with PPE and require their effective use in work areas of high ZESCO Throughout the operation Number of PPE available and actually used. Included in the OHSP costs dust and noise levels (masks, ear plugs, etc.). and maintenance phase Number of work-related accidents recorded. Consistently apply a formal and documented risk assessment process ZESCO At the planning stage of Risk assessment completed. ZESCO operation budget conducted by a competent and experienced team of professionals at the the operation activities planning stage of the operation activities to embed occupational health & and as conditions safety considerations in the decision process. change Methodology of risk assessment shall be based on the ALARA principal, e.g., reduce risks “As Low as Reasonably Achievable”. In the context of operation, this should include controlling site access and egress while embedded in the site security protocols. An audit and inspection program tailored to the risks specific to operations, ZESCO Throughout the operation Records of audits and inspections being performed. ZESCO operation budget including but not limited to risks specific to substations, maintenance phase employees, emergency repairs, and any other critical risks that apply to the various work environments and categories of activities required to operate a powerline. All accidents, incidents, injuries, or near misses reported and investigated ZESCO Throughout the operation Record keeping of all accidents, incidents, and near misses reported, ZESCO operation budget while formally monitoring the implementation and communication of control phase and proof of investigation and implementation of preventive and/or preventive measures. measures. Training specific to construction site to be provided to the workforce as well as ZESCO During onboarding of Record of training completed. ZESCO operation budget any employee, Contractor, Subcontractors or visitor accessing the site. new employees and as Training specific to construction site shall be provided before being on-site. warranted throughout the operation phase based on changing conditions or in response to accidents, incidents, injuries, or near misses. Frustrations within local Presence and operation of the line, Develop and implement a communication plan and a grievance redress ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of a community communication plan. Included in the SEP costs communities regarding the substations, and access roads. mechanism. the operation and Existence of a complaints management mechanism. Project and related Presence of workers maintenance phase activities Tension between local Presence of workers Develop, implement, and maintain the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and ZESCO Prior to operation and Community Engagement Plan ready for implementation prior to ZESCO operation budget populations and outside GRM during Project operation. entire Project lifetime beginning of operations. workers Develop and implement a Code of Conduct for workers. ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of a code of conduct for workers and subcontractors. $25,000 the operation and maintenance phase Sensitize workers to the cultural realities of the area and train workers on the ZESCO Prior to and throughout Number of awareness-raising sessions on cultural realities and $25,000 appropriate social behaviours. the operation and appropriate behaviors. maintenance phase Existence of minutes of awareness-raising sessions. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-29 Potential Impacts Cost Sources of Impact Management Measures Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Addressed (USD) Increased in gender-based Presence of workers Develop and implement a Gender-Based Violence Management Plan. ZESCO Prior to and throughout Existence of a plan to assess and manage the risks of gender-based $30,000 violence, including sexual the operation and violence and harassment. exploitation and abuse and maintenance phase sexual harassment Creation of job and Presence of workers Encourage the recruitment of women for operation and maintenance-related ZESCO Throughout the operation Number of women recruited. ZESCO operation costs business opportunities for work and promote their empowerment by promoting the granting of equivalent and maintenance phase Wages paid to women vs. men for equivalent work. women wages to men for equivalent work. Potential destruction of Transportation and traffic Develop and implement a Cultural Heritage Management Plan.including ZESCO Throughout the operation Cultural Heritage management plan developed. ZESCO operation costs physical cultural resources Maintenance and repairs. specific measures for the Mwela Rock Art site. and maintenance phase within the Mwela Rock Art site; Conduct all works within the Mwela Rock Art site with an archeologist from ZESCO Throughout the operation Presence of an archeologist from the NHCC. ZESCO operation costs the NHCC. and maintenance phase Develop and implement a dedicated Transport Management Plan and strict ZESCO Throughout the operation Transport management Plan and work procedures within the Mwela ZESCO operation costs work procedures within the site. and maintenance phase Rock Art site developed and implemented. Establish a Compensation Plan for the reduction of the tourism status of the ZESCO Throughout the operation If applicable, establish a Compensation Plan and pay compensation TBD site and maintenance phase to NHCC. Strictly implement waste management within the site. All rubble should be ZESCO Throughout the operation No waste left on the site. ZESCO operation costs remove from the site. and maintenance phase Conduct training and induction for workers on safe practices in the site ZESCO Throughout the operation Register of training. Training completed for all staff including drivers. ZESCO operation costs and maintenance phase Permanent alteration to the Presence and operation of line Choose subdued colours for the substations to harmonize them with their Detailed design During detailed design Substations are well integrated within their environment, without See construction costs landscape substations and access roads environment. consultant bright colors. Maintenance and repairs WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-30 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3.1.4 DECOMMISSIONING E&S measures proposed to mitigate negative impacts or enhance positive impacts during the decommissioning phase are presented in Table 3-3. Given the uncertainly regarding precisely when and how decommissioning is to take place, these measures should be considered conceptual. Furthermore, it is not possible to determine the cost of uncertainty regarding market values at the time of decommissioning, the timing of which is still unknown. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-31 Table 3-4 Management Measures to be implemented during the Decommissioning Phase Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components All Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Develop and implement a decommissioning worksite Development: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase No decommissioning works Included in ESMP which will translate the requirements of the revised Approval: PIU undertaken before approval of decommissioning ESIA and ESMP to be prepared immediately before Final Worksite ESMP. contract decommissioning into detailed actions to be carried out Worksite ESMP covers all during decommissioning works, including implementation decommissioning-related impacts of mitigation measures and environmental and social and mitigation measures listed in monitoring. The worksite ESMP is to cover all elements the present table. under the Contractor’s control (i.e., decommissioning works), consider detailed specifications of activities to be conducted during decommissioning and specific locations where they will be conducted. Integrate requirements of WBG EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution (see Appendix 3-1), or other relevant requirements at the time of decommissioning. All Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Implement ZESCO’s Safety, Health Environment and Development and implementation: Prior to decommissioning phase No decommissioning works Unknown Quality (SHEQ) Management System incorporating the ZESCO undertaken before ESMS is in following elements: (i) policy; (ii) identification of risks and operation. impacts; (iii) management programs; (iv) organizational capacity and competency; (v) emergency preparedness and response; (vi) stakeholder engagement; and (vii) monitoring and review. Implement the ESMS during decommissioning. See SHEQ Policy attached as Appendix 3-2. All Cross-cutting Cross-cutting Obtain all required permits and authorizations before Implementation: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase No decommissioning works Included in the initiating decommissioning works. Implement all their undertaken before all required decommissioning conditions. permits and authorizations are contract. secured. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Site preparation. Develop and implement a Waste and Hazardous Waste Development: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase Waste and hazardous waste Included in the Soils Changes in soil chemical properties Decommissioning activities. Management Plan in compliance with WBG EHS Approval: Supervising Engineer and management plan approved by decommissioning Hydrography and water and risk of soil contamination. Waste and hazardous materials Guidelines on waste management (see Appendix 3-3), or PIU Supervising Engineer prior to contract. resources Modifications of surface water management. other relevant requirements at the time of initiation of decommissioning quality with a risk of contamination. decommissioning. phase. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil chemical properties Waste and hazardous materials Develop and implement Residual Materials and Development: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase Hazardous materials Included in the Hydrography and water and risk of soil contamination. management Hazardous Products Management Plan. Approval: Supervising Engineer and management plan approved by decommissioning resources Modifications of surface water PIU Supervising Engineer prior to contract. quality with a risk of contamination. initiation of decommissioning Modifications of groundwater phase. quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil chemical properties Site preparation. Develop and implement an Emergency Preparedness and Development: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase Emergency measures plan Included in the Hydrography and water and risk of soil contamination. Decommissioning activities. Response s Plan. Approval: Supervising Engineer and approved by Supervising decommissioning resources Modifications of surface water Waste and hazardous materials PIU Engineer prior to initiation of contract. Aquatic habitats and quality with a risk of contamination. management. decommissioning phase. associated fauna Modifications of groundwater Transportation and traffic. Safety and public health, quality with a risk of contamination. Workers' health and safety Local degradation of aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats and associated fauna and flora disturbances. Risk of accidents and physical injuries involving local workers and residents. Safety and public health Occupational health and safety Site preparation. Consistently apply a formal and documented risk Implementation: PIU and Contractor Prior to beginning of Risk assessment completed. Included in the Workers' health and safety hazards and risks. Decommissioning activities. assessment process conducted by a competent and decommissioning phase decommissioning Transportation and traffic. experienced team of professionals at the planning stage contract. of the decommissioning activities to embed occupational Waste and hazardous materials Health & Safety considerations in the decision process. management. Methodology of risk assessment shall be based on the Purchase of materials, goods and ALARA principal, e.g., reduce risks “As Low as services. Reasonably Achievable”. In the context of operation, this Presence of workers. should include controlling site access and egress while embedded in the site security protocols. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-33 Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Safety and public health Occupational health and safety Site preparation. An audit and inspection program tailored to the risks Implementation: PIU and Contractor Throughout the decommissioning Records of audits and inspections Included in the Workers' health and safety hazards and risks. Decommissioning activities. specific to decommissioning sites, including risks specific phase completed. decommissioning Transportation and traffic. to the current Project. contract. Waste and hazardous materials management. Purchase of materials, goods and services. Presence of workers. Safety and public health Occupational health and safety Site preparation. All accidents, incidents, injuries or near misses reported Implementation: PIU and Contractor Throughout the decommissioning Record keeping of all accidents, Included in the Workers' health and safety hazards and risks. Decommissioning activities. and investigated while formally monitoring the phase incidents and near misses decommissioning Transportation and traffic. implementation and communication of control and/or reported and proof of contract. preventive measures. investigation and implementation Waste and hazardous materials of preventative measures. management. Purchase of materials, goods and services. Presence of workers. Safety and public health Occupational health and safety Site preparation. Training specific to decommissioning site to be provided Implementation: PIU & Contractor During onboarding of new Record of training completed. Included in the Workers' health and safety hazards and risks. Decommissioning activities. to the workforce as well as any employee, Contractor, employees and as warranted decommissioning Transportation and traffic. subcontractors or visitor accessing the Project site. throughout the decommissioning contract. Training specific to decommissioning site shall be phase based on changing Waste and hazardous materials provided before being on-site. conditions or in response to management. accidents, incidents, injuries or Purchase of materials, goods and near misses. services. Presence of workers. Soils Soil erosion in erosion-prone areas. Decommissioning activities. Restrict transportation to the identified access by clearly Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Limits of ROW and access roads Included in the Land use Soil compaction in work areas Transportation and traffic. marking out the limit of the ROW and access roads. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase marked prior to beginning of decommissioning Employment and Land use restrictions within the works in a given area. contract. economic development ROW. Disruption of farming activities by construction works. Temporary disruption of activities related to tourism and recreation. Soils Soil erosion in erosion-prone areas. Decommissioning activities. Restrict decommissioning activities, materials and Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Equipment and vehicle Included in the Land use Soil compaction in work areas. Transportation and traffic. manpower movements to existing roads/tracks and ROW Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase movements outside the line route decommissioning Terrestrial flora Land use restrictions within the limits. and access roads' ROW contract. Terrestrial fauna ROW. restricted to a minimum. Disruption of farming activities by decommissioning works. Permanent loss of natural habitat area and of its associated flora. Terrestrial habitat fragmentation and degradation in some areas along the ROW. Modification of species composition in flora and fauna communities present in the Project area. Changes in protected and IUCN- designated threatened species populations. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Site preparation. Maintain equipment and machinery in good running Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Noise and vibrations Greenhouse gas emissions. Decommissioning activities. conditions, including brakes, mufflers, silencers, and Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of all equipment and machinery decommissioning Hydrography and water Increase in noise and vibration Transportation and traffic. catalyzers and clean (power washed), free of leaks, used during decommissioning. contract. resources levels. excess oil and grease. Safety and public health Changes to surface water quality with a risk of contamination. Changes to groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Increased stress related to nuisances. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-34 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Decommissioning activities. Prohibit idling of vehicles on-site. Generators and Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Noise and vibrations Greenhouse gas emissions. machinery will be shut down when not in use. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning Safety and public health Increase in noise and vibration idling onsite, excessive nuisance contract. levels. dust, noise and air pollutants. Increased stress related to Contractor/Supervising Engineer nuisances. to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Site preparation. Stockpiles of fine materials will be covered during period Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Safety and public health Increased stress related to Decommissioning activities. of high winds. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning nuisances. Transportation and traffic excessive nuisance dust, noise contract. Worksites' restoration. and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Decommissioning activities. Cover excavated materials with erosion control blankets Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Safety and public health Increased stress related to Transportation and traffic. and loads of brittle material during transport. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning nuisances. excessive nuisance dust, noise contract. and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Decommissioning activities. Use water for dust suppression on stockpiles, exposed Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Safety and public health Increased stress related to soils and roads if dust generation is visible. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning nuisances. excessive nuisance dust, noise contract. and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Decommissioning activities. Restrict speed on loose surface roads to 20 km/h during Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Safety and public health Greenhouse gas emissions. dry or dusty conditions and install signposts where Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning Increased stress related to relevant. excessive nuisance dust, noise contract. nuisances. and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Noise and vibrations Increase in noise and vibration Site preparation. Restrict noise and vibration generating activities near Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the Safety and public health levels. Decommissioning activities. residential or institutional sensitive receptors to between Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of decommissioning areas for decommissioning Increased stress related to Transportation and traffic. 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. excessive nuisance dust, noise contract. nuisances. Maintain noise levels at or below national thresholds. and air pollutants. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and air quality, and follow-up with corrective measures. Soils Soil erosion in erosion-prone areas. Decommissioning activities. Operate machinery on land in a way that minimizes Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No machinery operations inside Included in the Hydrography and water Surface water contamination. Transportation and traffic. disturbance to the banks of watercourses. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase top-of-bank of watercourses. decommissioning resources contract. Soils Soil erosion in erosion-prone areas. Site preparation. Prepare and implement erosion and sediment control Development: Contractor Prior to decommissioning phase Erosion and sediment control plan Included in the Hydrography and water Modifications of surface water Decommissioning activities. plans, particularly in areas identified as having high Approval: Supervising Engineer and approval by Supervising Engineer decommissioning resources quality with a risk of contamination. Transportation and traffic. erosion potential. PIU prior to initiation of contract. decommissioning phase. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-35 Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Soils Soil compaction in work areas. Decommissioning activities Avoid vehicle or machinery traffic in areas where soils are Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No vehicle or machinery traffic in Included in the highly saturated with water. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase areas where soils are saturated decommissioning with water. contract. Inspections to ensure authorized work periods are respected, and that wetlands and watercourses are not affected. Soils Changes in soil chemical properties Waste and hazardous materials All ignitable, reactive, flammable, corrosive, and toxic Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No ignitable, reactive, flammable, Included in the Hydrography and water and risk of soil contamination. management materials will be stored in clearly labelled containers. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase corrosive or toxic materials stored decommissioning resources Modifications of surface water elsewhere than in labelled contract. quality with a risk of contamination. containers. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil’s chemical Waste and hazardous materials Hazardous materials must be stored in a manner that Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Secure storage of all hazardous Included in the Hydrography and water properties and risk of soil management. prevents interaction with each other or with the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase materials. decommissioning resources contamination. environment, or from being tampered with accidentally. contract. Modifications of surface water Provision of secondary containment, drip trays or other quality with a risk of contamination. overflow and drip containment measures, for hazardous Modifications of groundwater materials containers at connection points or other possible quality with a risk of contamination. overflow points. Soils Changes in soil’s chemical Waste and hazardous materials Use impervious surfaces for refueling areas and other Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Secure storage of all hazardous Included in the Hydrography and water properties and risk of soil management. fluid transfer areas. Provide adequate secondary Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase materials. Inspections to ensure decommissioning resources contamination. containment for fuel storage tanks and for the temporary proper storage handling contract. Modifications of surface water storage of other fluids such as lubricating oils and techniques are being followed. quality with a risk of contamination. hydraulic fluids. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil’s chemical Waste and hazardous materials Provide portable spill containment and cleanup equipment Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Spill containment and cleanup Included in the Hydrography and water properties and risk of soil management. on site and training in the equipment deployment. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase equipment onsite. decommissioning resources contamination. contract. Modifications of surface water quality with a risk of contamination. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil’s chemical Waste and hazardous materials Train workers on the correct transfer and handling of fuels Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Evidence of adequate training. Included in the Hydrography and water properties and risk of soil management. and chemicals and in response to spills. · Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase decommissioning resources contamination. contract. Modifications of surface water quality with a risk of contamination. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Changes in soil chemical properties Waste and hazardous materials Control and reduce at the source of the production of Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Production of waste and Included in the Hydrography and water and risk of soil contamination management waste and hazardous waste. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase hazardous waste reduced to a decommissioning resources Modifications of surface water minimum. contract. quality with a risk of contamination. Modifications of groundwater quality with a risk of contamination. Soils Soil compaction in work areas. Transportation and traffic Decompact soils following decommissioning with Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Following decommissioning, Included in the appropriate equipment. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase assessment of soil compaction in decommissioning and around the ROW by the contract. Owner’s Engineer, and de- compaction if necessary. Soils Soil erosion in erosion-prone areas. Decommissioning activities Revegetate areas of bare and disturbed soils as soon as Throughout decommissioning Bare and disturbed areas Included in the Terrestrial flora Loss of organic layer in areas possible with native species. Implementation: Contractor phase revegetated as required. decommissioning Landscape where excavation and backfilling Monitoring: Supervising Engineer contract. activities are held. Impairment of flora communities. Temporary degradation of the landscape at worksite. Hydrography and water Changes in hydrology. Decommissioning activities Always maintain hydrological connectivity Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Hydrological connectivity Included in the resources Impairment of hydrological upstream/downstream in work areas. When stream Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase maintained in all worksites decommissioning Aquatic habitats and dynamics leading to disturbances crossings are unavoidable, construct suitable culverts to impacting watercourses. contract. associated fauna and alterations. allow sufficient water supply to maintain viable fish habitat. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-36 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Hydrography and water Changes in hydrology. Decommissioning activities Avoid material piling, equipment and vehicle movement in Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No material piling in watercourses Included in the resources Modifications of surface water rivers, floodplains, and wetland areas, such as dambos Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase and wetland areas. decommissioning Aquatic habitats and quality with a risk of contamination. and communal grazing sites. If unavoidable, reduce contract. associated fauna Local degradation of aquatic and access to the extent possible. semi-aquatic habitats and associated fauna and flora disturbances. Hydrography and water Changes in hydrology Decommissioning activities Set and implement strict procedures for in-water works. Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning In-water works rules approved by Included in the resources Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase Supervising Engineer prior to decommissioning Aquatic habitats and Modifications of surface water initiation of decommissioning contract. associated fauna quality with a risk of contamination. phase. Local degradation of aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats and associated fauna and flora disturbances. Hydrography and water Changes in hydrology Decommissioning activities Conduct activities during the dry season to reduce Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Activities in wet season reduced Included in the resources disturbance of sensitive shoreline and wetland areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase to the extent possible. decommissioning Modifications of surface water contract. quality with a risk of contamination Hydrography and water Decommissioning activities Install silt barriers (e.g., fencing) when working in steep Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Required silt barriers installed Included in the resources Modifications of surface water riparian areas and along wetlands to minimize potential Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase decommissioning quality with a risk of contamination sediments being transported to aquatic habitats. contract. Hydrography and water Modifications of groundwater Decommissioning activities Promptly pump any groundwater that could have been Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Groundwater seepage pumped Included in the resources quality with a risk of contamination. contaminated during excavation works. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase out during excavations. decommissioning contract. Terrestrial flora Restoration of natural habitat area Decommissioning activities Establish a revegetation plan to recreate natural habitats Implementation: Contractor At the end of decommissioning Revegetation plan developed Included in the Terrestrial fauna and of its associated flora (revegetation). in the Project footprint. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase prior to beginning of decommissioning Avifauna Reduction of fragmentation of Promote the use of native species and include the decommissioning phase. contract. terrestrial habitat and degradation plantation and resettlement of Pterocarpus angolensis, Vegetation cover in the Project in some areas along the ROW. Ansellia Africana, and any other species of conservation footprint. Restoration of natural habitat for concern impacted in the ROW. vulnerable species, Ansellia Also promote the use of fruit trees that are important food Africana, and other species of sources for African Straw-coloured Fruit Bats, including conservation concern such as Ficus spp, Magnistipula butayeii, Parinari curatellifolia, Pterocarpus angolensis. Syzygium cordatum, Syzygium guineense guineense, Restoration of natural habitat for Syzygium guineense huillense, Uapaca kirkiana, Uapaca fruit bats, specifically the Near- banguelensis, Uapaca sansibarica. Threatened African Straw-coloured Fruit Bat. Restoration of ecosystem services. Terrestrial flora Permanent loss of natural habitat Site preparation. Clearly mark the extent of the decommissioning ROW with Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Limits of ROW marked prior to Included in the Terrestrial fauna area and of its associated flora stakes at intervals of 50 m or less. Identify and mark the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase beginning of works in a given decommissioning Potential impacts on vulnerable vegetation to be preserved along sections of the ROW. area. contract. species, Ansellia Africana Terrestrial flora Terrestrial habitat fragmentation Site preparation. Conserve all the vegetation (trees, shrubs, herbaceous Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Maintain vegetation in a 10m Included in the Terrestrial fauna and degradation in some areas Decommissioning activities. plants, crops) present at the edge of watercourses and in Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase shoreline and on steep slopes decommissioning Avifauna along the ROW. erosion-prone areas. when compatible with ROW contract. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and operation. associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and associated fauna and flora disturbances. Terrestrial flora Potential introduction of invasive Decommissioning activities. Inspect and clean machinery and equipment properly after Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Decommissioning equipment Included in the Terrestrial fauna alien species. Transportation and traffic. working in areas known to be infested with invasive alien Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase cleaned as required. decommissioning Modification of species composition flora species. contract. in fauna communities present in the Project area. Terrestrial flora Potential introduction of invasive Site preparation. Burn residues of invasive alien flora species to reduce the Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning IAS specimens managed as Included in the Terrestrial fauna alien species. Decommissioning activities. risk of propagation to other areas. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase required. decommissioning Modification of species composition contract. in fauna communities present in the Project area. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-37 Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Air quality Temporary air quality deterioration. Site preparation. Rehabilitate and revegetate temporary access road and Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Exposed soils rehabilitated as Included in the Terrestrial flora Permanent loss of natural habitat Decommissioning activities. work areas as soon as possible using native vegetation Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase soon as possible following decommissioning Terrestrial fauna area and of its associated flora. Worksites' restoration. species that are ecologically associated with local fauna. decommissioning activities. contract. Landscape Temporary degradation of the landscape at worksite. Avifauna Habitat fragmentation and Decommissioning activities Inform the Contractor's E&S Specialist when endangered Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Contractor's E&S Specialists Included in the Terrestrial fauna degradation for IUCN-designated fauna species are observed in or close to Project sites. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase aware of endangered fauna decommissioning near threatened species potentially sightings. contract. present inside the Project area. Avifauna Displacement as a result of Site preparation Where a threatened bird species is nesting, do not Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Active nests of identified species Included in the disturbance of the resident Red List Decommissioning activities undertake tree clearing within a radius of 1 km. Wait until Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase protected decommissioning avifauna. the nest is deserted. Weekly checks to verify nest activity. (no clearing/decommissioning contract. Direct mortality of Red List species until nest is abandoned when (i.e., nestlings of tree or ground chicks are mature). nesting birds, nestlings in nets on towers) as a result of decommissioning activities. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Maintain fish passage when road crossings of Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Drainage capacity of installed Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities watercourses are unavoidable by utilizing clear span Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase culverts equal or higher than decommissioning associated fauna and flora bridges or open-bottom culverts. Install diversion confirmed rainy season flow rate contract. disturbances. structures (canals, dikes, and coffers) that neither obstruct at each watercourse crossing. Local impairment of hydrological fish movements nor diminish habitat width to less than 2/3 dynamics leading to disturbances of the current water bodies, including rivers, wetlands, etc. and alteration of aquatic habitats. Creation of wetlands. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Maintain vegetated buffer zones within and around Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Minimize vegetation clearing in Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities wetlands and along both sides of watercourse crossings. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase wetlands and in a 50 m buffer decommissioning associated fauna and flora Restore as soon as possible any disturbed areas in the zone at watercourse crossings. contract. disturbances. riparian buffer zone. Disturbed riparian areas restored Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis after conclusion of works. macrochir habitats. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Do not allow any temporary access roads to be built inside Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Decommissioning activities in Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities wetland areas during the decommissioning phase. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase wetlands performed only during decommissioning associated fauna and flora the dry season. contract. disturbances. Local impairment of hydrological dynamics leading to disturbances and alteration of aquatic habitats. Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis macrochir habitats. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Avoid equipment and vehicle movements in rivers, Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Minimized work near Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities floodplains and wetland areas. If unavoidable, reduce Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase watercourses or wetlands. decommissioning associated fauna and flora access to a minimum length in wetlands and floodplains contract. disturbances. and select the most optimized site for the access Local impairment of hydrological considering human uses and areas of higher ecological dynamics leading to disturbances integrity. and alteration of aquatic habitats. Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis macrochir habitats. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Conduct activities in works areas close to aquatic habitats Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Activities in the wet season Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities during the dry season to reduce disturbance of sensitive Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase minimized. decommissioning associated fauna and flora shoreline and wetland areas. contract. disturbances. Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis macrochir habitats. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Site preparation Do not operate heavy machinery in wetland areas with Implementation: Contractor Throughout Decommissioning No heavy machinery operated in Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Decommissioning activities standing or running water. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase wetlands and standing or moving decommissioning associated fauna and flora waters. contract. disturbances. Local impairment of hydrological dynamics leading to disturbances and alteration of aquatic habitats. Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis macrochir habitats. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-38 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Decommissioning activities After completion of decommissioning work, restore natural Implementation: Contractor Throughout Decommissioning Natural river bed conditions Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and river bed conditions (minor bed, natural obstacles, etc.). Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase, after conclusion of work restored as required. decommissioning associated fauna and flora activities in a given area contract. disturbances. Aquatic habitats and Local degradation of aquatic and Decommissioning activities Use wetland mat or bridge for vehicle and machinery Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No road building in permanent Included in the associated fauna semi-aquatic habitats and Transportation and traffic movement inside permanent wetlands to avoid the need Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase wetlands. decommissioning associated fauna and flora for building a road. contract. disturbances. Local impairment of hydrological dynamics leading to disturbances and alteration of aquatic habitats. Impacts on vulnerable Oreochromis macrochir habitats. Land use Loss of arable, grazing, and Resettlement Validate with local Leaders which temporary areas are to Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Always obtain local Leaders’ Included in the pastoral lands be used during decommissioning activities. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase approval prior to establishing decommissioning Disruption of farming activities by temporary work areas. contract. decommissioning works Employment and Inflation risk Purchase of materials, goods, and Adopt procurement and labour policies promoting local Development: PIU Prior to the decommissioning Procurement policies developed Included in PIU economic development services products and services, when available. phase and included in Contractor operating budget. contract. Infrastructure Increased traffic and disturbance of Decommissioning activities Coordinate with TAZARA and TAZAMA so that Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Proper authorizations obtained Included in the traffic flow decommissioning work will be done without interrupting Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase from TAZAMA and TAZARA prior decommissioning their operations. to commencement of works near contract. their installations. Safety and public health Increased stress-related Site preparation Locate access roads and lay down areas away from Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Daily inspection by the Contractor Included in the disturbances (noise, dust, and air Decommissioning activities residences to the extent possible. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase of access roads for excessive decommissioning pollution) Transportation and traffic noise. contract. Contractor/Supervising Engineer to maintain records of complaints on noise and vibration levels, and follow-up corrective measures. Safety and public health Increased stress-related Site preparation Notify landowners along the line route and the main public Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Landowners duly notified about Included in the disturbances (noise, dust, and air Decommissioning activities transportation routes about the decommissioning Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase decommissioning schedule and decommissioning pollution) Transportation and traffic schedule and activities. activities. contract. Safety and public health Increased stress-related Site preparation Implement and follow-up on grievance redress Implementation: Supervising Throughout decommissioning Grievance mechanism functional Unknown and Gender Aspects disturbances (noise, dust, and air Decommissioning activities mechanism and ensure GBV is taken into account in the Engineer phase throughout the decommissioning pollution) Transportation and traffic GRM. Coordination: PIU phase. Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Site preparation Secure equipment and demarcate any excavation work Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Equipment and excavation work Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and Decommissioning activities areas. Monitoring Supervising Engineer phase areas properly secured decommissioning residents Transportation and traffic contract. Safety and public health Accidents and physical injuries Site preparation Place signs and fences around decommissioning areas, Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Decommissioning areas properly Included in the Workers' health and safety involving residents Decommissioning activities where necessary. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase secured. decommissioning Transportation and traffic contract. Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Decommissioning activities Require all contractors and Subcontractors to comply with Implementation: PIU & Contractor Prior to beginning of WB H&S requirements and Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and relevant WB health and safety requirements and ZESCO decommissioning phase ZESCO corporate policy decommissioning residents 's corporate policy. integrated in Contractor and contract. Adherence to labor standards and Subcontractors’ contracts. well-being of workers Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Decommissioning activities Develop and implement an H&S management plan to Prior to beginning of H&S management plan approved Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and Presence of workers protect every worker involved in decommissioning, even Implementation: Contractor decommissioning phase by Supervising Engineer prior to decommissioning residents temporary workers. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer initiation of decommissioning contract. phase. Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Decommissioning activities Supply drinking water and maintain its quality to ensure Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Supply of constant good quality Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and Presence of workers sanitation at the decommissioning sites. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase drinking water at the worksites. decommissioning residents contract. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Locate worker camps at a minimum distance of 1 km from Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Distance between workers’ Included in the Gender aspects GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS towns and villages. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase camps and other human decommissioning settlements always kept at 1 km contract. or more. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-39 Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Favour hiring of local workers. Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Foreign workers hired only when Included in the Gender aspects GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase locals are not available and/or decommissioning qualified. An estimated 85% of contract. the workforce is local, 15% national and international. Communities and social Tension with outside workers Presence of workers Follow a strict “official” recruitment process whereby all Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No recruitment outside official Included in the cohesion workers need to present their application through official Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase offices. decommissioning offices. contract. Communities and social Disturbance of women subsistence Presence of workers. Encourage the recruitment of female workers, with equal Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning At least 30% of women Included in the cohesion activities. payment for male and female workers, for equivalent jobs. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase employees. decommissioning Gender aspects Marginalization of women, youth Set targets for unskilled workforce and rationale for At least 30% of youth employees contract. and persons with disabilities during target. youth (persons aged 19 to 35). employment process. At least 5% of persons with Increased marginalization of disability employees. vulnerable groups. No wage inequalities. Communities and social Disturbance of women subsistence Presence of workers. Organize women in groups and provide training for Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Percentage of women’s Included in the cohesion activities. specific line of service providing such as catering and food Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase businesses/groups as service decommissioning Gender aspects Marginalization of women, youth production, and others as identified as opportunities for providers contract. and persons with disabilities during this group and PWD. employment process. Increased marginalization of vulnerable groups. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers. Repare and implement a social awareness program made Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Social Awareness program Included in the Gender aspects GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS of induction trainings for all workers and to cover the Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase developed and approved by decommissioning various work-related measures (health and safety) but Supervising Engineer prior to contract. also the Code of Conduct, HIV/STDs, SEAH, Sexual and beginning of decommissioning Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), and alcohol activities. abuse, GBV and the grievance mechanism. STD and HIV/AIDS prevention program including a strict prohibition of sexual abuse and sexual intercourse with partners younger than 18 years of age (underage sex), this along with other requirements will be included in the Code of Conduct for Workers. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers. Ensure members of communities are aware of the social Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Community leaders as well as Included in the Gender aspects GBV and STDs and HIV/AIDS. awareness program as well as grievance mechanisms, Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase women in the communities decommissioning and not only the community’s leadership. received training on SEAH, SRHR contract. and GBV. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers. Include all gender associated risks in the Code of Conduct Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Code of Conduct adapted with a Included in the Gender aspects GBV and STDs and HIV/AIDS. – refer to the GBV Management Plan, including SRHR Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase gender perspective and GBV decommissioning and GBV issues. measures are in place. contract. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Sensitize all contractors, workers and communities on the Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning All workers sensitized on Included in the Gender aspects GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS STD and HIV/AIDS program, including explanations on Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase HIV/AIDS and other STDs at decommissioning risks posed by STDs, sanctions, etc., as well as on beginning of employment. contract. grievance mechanism in place. All Subcontractors and workers sensitized on prohibition of sexual abuse, underage sex, and consequences of infraction at beginning of employment. All communities sensitized on HIV/AIDS, other STDs, as well as on the grievance mechanism prior to the beginning of any decommissioning works in their vicinity. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Screen health of potential employees as part of the Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Health screenings implemented Included in the Gender aspects GBV, STDs and HIV/AIDS recruitment process. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase prior to hiring, and regularly decommissioning during employment. contract. Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Presence of workers. Maintain construction camps safe and secure for women Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Camps designed with a gender Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and and vulnerable groups. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase perspective, including sufficient decommissioning and Gender Aspects residents. lighting, gender-segregated locker contract. rooms and latrines, etc. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-40 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Safety and public health Risk of accidents and physical Presence of workers Maintain workers camps in clean and healthy condition as Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Camps maintained in satisfactory Included in the Workers' health and safety injuries involving local workers and prescribed by international worker health standards such Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase condition. decommissioning residents as the IFC-EBRD Joint Guidance Note on Worker contract. Accommodations (Appendix 3-4), or other relevant standards at the time of decommissioning. Safety and public health Increased pressure on community Presence of workers Require Contractor(s) to provide health care services to Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Availability of health care services Included in the Workers' health and safety health services their employees. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase throughout decommissioning decommissioning Safety and public health phase. contract. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers Require Contractor(s) to hire security workers to ensure Implementation: Contractor, Throughout decommissioning Security guards on duty full time Included in the Workers' health and safety STDs and HIV/AIDS Decommissioning works the safety of workers and community members, as well as Supervising Engineer, and PIU phase (24hrs) whenever camp is in decommissioning Gender aspects Risk of sexual abuse by workers to prevent theft and vandalism. operation. contract. and especially child abuse Accidents and physical injuries involving workers or residents Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers. Ensure that the PPE requirements in the Occupational Implementation: Contractor, Prior and throughout Availability of female adapted Included in the Workers' health and STDs and HIV/AIDS. Construction works. Health, Safety and Security Management Plan to be Supervising Engineer, and PIU decommissioning phase PPE decommissioning safety Risk of sexual abuse by workers developed, include an obligation to provide PPE suitable contract. Gender aspects and especially child abuse. for female workers (diverse range of body shapes and Accidents and physical injuries sizes). involving workers or residents. Safety and public health Risk of increased incidences of Presence of workers. Requirements to produce regular E&S reports to assess Implementation: Contractor, Prior and throughout Monitoring and evaluation report Included in the Workers' health and STDs and HIV/AIDS. Construction works. compliance with Gender Based Violence Management Supervising Engineer, and PIU decommissioning phase on Gender Based Violence decommissioning safety Risk of sexual abuse by workers Plan and other E&S measures. Monitoring should be done Management Plan and other E&S contract. Gender aspects and especially child abuse. by an independent and qualified third party. measures by an independent and Accidents and physical injuries qualified third party. involving workers or residents. Safety and public health Risks of accidents and physical Decommissioning activities Mainly the Community Health and Safety Plan with the Implementation: Contractor Prior to beginning of Community H&S plan approved Included in the injuries involving residents following elements: (i) location of sources of materials, (ii) Monitoring: Supervising Engineer decommissioning phase by Supervising Consultant prior to decommissioning disposal area of construction debris, (iii) arrangements for initiation of decommissioning contract. traffic management, (iv) fencing the substations and the phase. towers, (v) and measures for avoiding the occurrence of incidents and injuries to members of the public associated with the operation of the moving equipment. Communities and social Land use and compensation Presence of workers Maintain the Stakeholder Engagement Plan Implementation: Contractor, Prior to and throughout Communications with affected Included in the cohesion disputes, reviving old quarrels (land Land access Supervising Engineer, and PIU decommissioning phase communities maintained decommissioning Gender aspects resource and power conflict) Resettlement throughout the decommissioning contract. Tension with outside workers Displacement of economic activities phase. Communities and social Gender-Based Violence Presence of workers Reactivate the GRM and GBV action plan during See action plan for details on See action plan for details on Provision for the cohesion Land acquisition Land access decommissioning. responsibilities. monitoring. GBV Services Gender aspects Resettlement Decommissioning activities Provider $75,000 mainly for cost of transportation to rural areas. Communities and social Risk that tolerated agriculture Land access Compensate for tolerated agriculture activities in the Implementation: PIU Prior to decommissioning phase Signed land entry and exit Included in the RAP. cohesion activities are not being wayleave and implement land entry and exit agreement agreement with traditional Gender aspects compensated during with traditional authorities. authorities. decommissioning Communities and social Women being sidelined from the Land access ZESCO’s Consent for Compensation/Disclosure form, Implementation: PIU Prior to decommissioning phase Signed land entries issued in the Included in the RAP. cohesion land access procedures and included in the RAP should be adapted for more than one names of all spouses or single Gender aspects decision-making processes. signature in case of household in unions, including heads of households as relevant. polygamous marriages. Communities and social Disturbance of women subsistence Presence of workers Encourage the recruitment of female workers, with equal Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Percentage of women employees. Included in the cohesion activities payment for male and female workers, for equivalent jobs. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase No wage inequalities. decommissioning Gender aspects Marginalization of women during contract. employment process Increased marginalization of vulnerable groups. Communities and social Tension with outside workers and Presence of workers. Follow a strict “official” recruitment process whereby all Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning No recruitment outside official Included in the cohesion risk for corruption workers need to present their application through official Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase offices. decommissioning offices. contract. Communities and social Tension with outside workers and Presence of workers. All workers require written contracts and should be given Implementation: Contractor Throughout decommissioning Availability of all written contracts Included in the cohesion risk for corruption a copy Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase to all employees. decommissioning contract. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 3-41 Environmental and/or Potential Impacts Addressed Sources of Impact Management Measure Responsibilities Implementation Timing Performance Indicators Costs Social Components Cultural and Archeological Potential destruction of physical Site preparation Develop and implement a Cultural Heritage Management Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Cultural Heritage management Included in Heritage cultural resources within the Mwela Decommissioning activities Plan. including specific measures for the Mwela Rock Art Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the plan approved by Supervising Contractor costs Rock Art site; site. Mwela Rock Art site Engineer prior to initiation of Transportation and Traffic construction phase Conduct all works within the Mwela Rock Art site with an Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Presence of an archeologist from Included in archeologist from the NHCC. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the the NHCC Contractor costs Mwela Rock Art site Identify access roads and work areas with the presence of Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Access roads and work areas Included in an archeologist from the NHCC. A dedicated Transport Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the validated by an archeologist. Contractor costs Management Plan and strict work procedures within the Mwela Rock Art site Transport management Plan for site should be developed and implemented. the Mwela Rock Art site developed and implemented Strictly implement waste management within the site. All Implementation: Contractor Throughout the construction No waste left on the site Included in rubble should be remove from the site. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer phase within the Mwela Rock Art Contractor costs site Conduct training and induction for workers on safe Implementation: Contractor Prior to and throughout the Register of training. Training Included in practices in the site Monitoring: Supervising Engineer construction phase within the completed for all staff including Contractor costs Mwela Rock Art site drivers Rehabilitate all disturbed areas within the Mwela Rock Art Implementation: Contractor After construction works finalized Areas rehabilitated to their Included in site after completion of works. Monitoring: Supervising Engineer within the site original state. Contractor costs WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 3-42 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4 SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT PLANS The environmental and social management strategy required for the ZTIP implementation to ensure alignment with national and WB requirements integrates multiple management measures and also various procedures and management plans that are specific to some anticipated environmental and social issues that have been identified through the ESIA. ZESCO, as part of its commitments to the World Bank and also to its own environmental and social policies, has developed some of the required components of this environmental and social management strategy, including: ─ A Stakeholder Engagement Plan, including a community grievance redress mechanism; ─ A Labor Management Procedure; ─ An Environmental and Social Commitment Plan. Contractors will also need to review and integrate ZESCO Environment and Social (E&S) management policies, procedures, and commitments, in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (the Contractor's) work scope and responsibilities. This chapter outlines the additional specific management plans that are required for the ZTIP implementation, including: 1 Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP); 2 Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMP); 3 Community Health and Safety Management Plan (CHSMP); 4 Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan; 5 Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan; 6 Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan; 7 Pollution Prevention Management Plan; 8 Gender-Based Violence (GBV) Management Plan; 9 Worker Grievance Redress Mechanisms; 10 Code of Conduct. The above plans will be developed and implemented by the Project proponent in accordance to: ─ National laws and requirements; ─ World Bank requirements applicable to the Project; and ─ The environmental and social management plans and procedures prepared by ZESCO. It is to be noted, as specified in Chapter 5, that ZESCO will be developing a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) office solely dedicated to implementing the ZTIP. It is anticipated that all of the above-cited management plans will be developed and implemented exclusively or in part by the contractors for their respective scope of work during the pre-construction and construction phases. (see Table 4-1 below). Environmental Technical Specifications (ETAS) should integrate all the commitments and requirements to be implemented by the Contractor and be included in the tender documents. The Operations Phase management plans will be developed and implemented by ZESCO (or their contractors/consultants) for this phase. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-1 Table 4-1 Responsibilities for the Development and Implementation of the Specific Management Plans Pre-construction/Construction Operation Phase  Phase  No. Plan  Development of a Development of Implementation  Implementation  Detailed Plan  Detailed Plan  Biodiversity Management 1 PIU/Contractor PIU/Contractor ZESCO ZESCO Plan (BMP) Cultural Heritage Management 2 Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Plan (CHMP) Community Health and Safety 3 Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Management Plan (CHSMP) Occupational Health and Safety 4 Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Management Plan (OHSMP) Emergency Preparedness and 5 Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Response Plan (EPRP) Residual Material and Hazardous 6 Products Management Plan Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO (RMHPMP) Pollution Prevention Management 7 Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Plan (PPMP) Worker Grievance Redress 8 PIU/Contractor  PIU/Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO Mechanisms 9 Gender-Based Violence Action Plan PIU/Contractor PIU/Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO 10 Code of Conduct Contractor  Contractor  ZESCO ZESCO The structure of each specific management plan framework discussed in the following sections is outlined in the following manner: 1 Introduction: Provides an overview of the Project, its objectives, and the associated environmental and social issues at a high level. 2 Objectives: A brief statement explaining the goal or intended outcome of the plan, clarifying its scope. 3 Requirements: Provide links to relevant documents, standards, or guidelines that support the plan. 4 Management Measures and Actions: Focuses mainly on prevention measures to prevent risks from occurring and protective measures to reduce the impact of those risks if they occur. 5 Roles and Responsibilities: Identifies the roles and responsibilities of individuals, groups, entities, and any other stakeholders involved in executing the plan. 6 Monitoring: The specific management plans will be reviewed periodically and adapted throughout the implementation of the Project. The responsibilities for the development and implementation of these plans will vary according to the plans and phases of the Project. The following table identifies the responsibilities for developing and implementing plans during the pre-construction/construction and operational phases. 4.1 BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.1.1 INTRODUCTION The Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP) sets out the requirements to mitigate and manage potential impacts on fauna, flora and their habitats and in particular on Critical Habitat, protected areas and Natural Habitat during the detailed design, pre-construction, construction and rehabilitation phases of the Project. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE This BMP is based on, and should be read in conjunction with the biological environment baseline (section 5-2 of the ESIA), the Critical Habitat Assessment (Appendix 5-14 of the ESIA), the assessment of impacts on the biological environment (section 6.2.3 of the ESIA). It is ZESCO’s responsibility to develop and implement the BMP. Main potential impacts on biodiversity that need to be appropriately managed are: ─ Permanent loss of natural habitat areas and associated flora; ─ Potential loss of critical habitat for two critical habitat triggering flora species ─ Encroachment of the transmission line in seven forest reserves ─ Habitat fragmentation and degradation for bird and terrestrial mammal species, including species of conservation concern; ─ Direct mortality of birds through collisions with the earth wire/ground wire, including priority species and species of conservation concern. 4.1.2 OBJECTIVES The objective of this plan is to ensure that the biodiversity issues are fully integrated into the Project implementation. It outlines the approach to be taken by the PIU and ZESCO to meet obligations regarding the long-term conservation of important biodiversity features. It establishes the biodiversity management objectives and the rationale and actions that will enable a No Net Loss/Net Gain (NNL/NG) outcome. The BMP is effective throughout the Project planning, construction, and operation phases. It is a living document that will be updated as results of additional studies and consultations become available, the Project’s design becomes detailed, and the Project monitors its impacts and assesses mitigation effectiveness. The document first discusses potential impacts of the Project on critical habitat, identifying potential interactions all biodiversity features that qualify as critical habitat according to WB ESS 6 and IFC PS 6 (see Critical Habitat Assessment, Appendix 5-14 of the ESIA). Specific management strategies for critical habitat triggering values are presented, including management objectives, key management measures, residual impacts, and compensation or additional conservation actions to achieve net gain. The potential impacts on protected areas and natural habitats are then discussed and mitigation measures are identified. Also, the management of Project-related impacts on avifauna and terrestrial mammals is detailed. Roles and responsibilities for BMP implementation are described as monitoring measures for BMP implementation. Finally, a timeline and a budget are proposed to fill potential gaps and ensure BMP implementation. 4.1.3 REQUIREMENTS The BMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments; ─ National requirements; and ─ World Bank requirements. Contractors will need to review ZESCO’s E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (Contractor's) work scope and responsibilities. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-3 4.1.3.1 NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ACT, 2011 The Act provides for the ownership, control and use of water. It delegates management of water resources through Catchment Councils established under the Act, consisting of the water users of the catchment. It further provides for the equitable, reasonable and sustainable use of water resources in Zambia. This Act establishes a regulatory and administrative framework for the management, development, conservation, protection and preservation of the water resource in Zambia and provides with respect to water rights and the equitable and sustainable use of water resources and related matters.  FOREST ACT, NO. 4 OF 2015 An Act to provide for the establishment and declaration of National Forests, Local Forests, joint forest management areas, botanical reserves, private forests and community forests; provide for the participation of local communities, local authorities, traditional institutions, non-governmental organizations and other stakeholders in sustainable forest management; provide for the conservation and use of forests and trees for the sustainable management of forest ecosystems and biological diversity; establish the Forest Development Fund; provide for the implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Water Fowl Habitat, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, particularly in Africa and any other relevant international agreement to which Zambia is a party; repeal and replace the Forests Act, 1999; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing. This Act concerns the management and conservation of forest resources and, to some extent, the protection of biological diversity and, generally, the environment in Zambia. It consists of 107 sections divided into 11 Parts: Preliminary (I); Forestry Department (II); Forest Management and Development (III); Forest Management Plans and Conservation Orders (IV); Protected Flora (V); Regulation of Forest Produce (VI); Marking of Timber (VII); The Forest Development Fund (VIII); Enforcement IX); Offence. FOREST (CARBON STOCK MANAGEMENT) REGULATIONS, S. I. NO. 66 OF 2021 The regulations provide a framework for participating in forest carbon stock management and define activities eligible for Projects in carbon stock management. Section 19 prohibits double counting of emission targets. Section 22 requires a permit order to include environmental, social and fiduciary safeguards in the Project design. The regulations further prescribe the obligations of orders of forest carbon stock management permits. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (LICENSING) REGULATIONS, S. I. NO. 112 OF 2013 The Regulations provide for the licensing of pollution sources. These include established plants or the movement of materials. It repeals and replaces Statutory Instrument No. 71 of 1993; Statutory Instrument No. 125 of 2001; Statutory Instrument No. 72 of 1993, and all other permitting requirements. NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION ACT, CAP 315, 1970 The Act relates to the monitoring of natural resource conservation and utilisation outside forest reserves and national parks, as well as control of bush fires and powers of Minister to make regulations. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ZAMBIA WILDLIFE ACT NO.14 OF 2015 An Act to governing the affairs of the Zambia Wildlife Authority; establish the Department of National Parks and Wildlife in the Ministry responsible for tourism; provide for the establishment, control and management of National Parks, bird and wildlife sanctuaries and for the conservation and enhancement of wildlife ecosystems, biological diversity and objects of aesthetic, pre-historic, historical, geological, archeological and scientific interest in National Parks; provide for the promotion of opportunities for the equitable and sustainable use of the special qualities of public wildlife estates; provide for the establishment, control and co-management of Community Partnership Parks for the conservation and restoration of ecological structures for non-consumptive forms of recreation and environmental education; provide for the sustainable use of wildlife and the effective management of the wildlife habitat in Game Management Areas; enhance the benefits of Game Management Areas to local communities and wildlife; involve local communities in the management of Game Management Areas; provide for the development and implementation of management plans; provide for the regulation of game ranching; provide for the licensing of hunting and control of the processing, sale, import and export of wild animals and trophies; provide for the implementation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Lusaka Agreement on Cooperative Enforcement Operations Directed at Illegal Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora and other international instruments to which Zambia is party; repeal the Zambia Wildlife Act, 1998; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing. ZAMBIA WILDLIFE (PROTECTED ANIMALS) ORDER, S. I. NO. 42 OF 2016 The Zambia Wildlife (Protected Animals) Order, S.I. No. 42 of 2016 revokes the National Parks and Wildlife (Protected Animals Order and 1993) and lists the animals that should not be hunted without a licence. The order has been made in accordance with the provisions of section 36 of the Zambia Wildlife Act No. 14 of 2015, which gives the minister responsible for wildlife the power to specify protected animals that cannot be hunted without a licence. NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE (GAME ANIMALS) ORDER, S. I. NO. 41 OF 2016 The Zambia Wildlife (Game Animals) Order, S. I. No. 41 of 2016 specifies animals considered as game management animals and prohibits hunting such animals without a licence. The order further revokes the Zambia Wildlife (Game Animals) Order No. 10 of 2015. FISHERIES ACT, NO.22 OF 2011 An Act to provide for the appointment of the Director of Fisheries and fisheries officers and provide for their powers and functions; promote the sustainable development of fisheries and a precautionary approach in fisheries management, conservation, utilisation and development; establish fisheries management areas and fisheries management committees; provide for the regulation of commercial fishing and aquaculture; establish the Fisheries and Aquaculture Development Fund; repeal and replace the Fisheries Act, 1974; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing. WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION ACT NO. 28 OF 1997 This Act regulates water supply and sewerage utilities to protect consumers from unjustified tariffs. CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international convention (to which Zambia is a signatory) and represents a commitment to sustainable development. The Convention has three main objectives: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits from the use of genetic resources (http://www.cbd.int/convention/guide/). The convention makes provisions (in a general policy guideline) for maintaining and restoring biodiversity. In addition to this, the CBD is an ardent supporter of thorough assessment procedures (Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAs) and Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs)) and requires that Parties apply these processes when planning activities that will have a biodiversity impact. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-5 An important principle encompassed by the CBD is the precautionary principle, which essentially states that where serious environmental threats exist, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for delaying management of these risks. The burden of proof that the impact will not occur lies with the proponent of the activity posing the threat. In addition, the Aichi Biodiversity Targets (CBD, 2011) address several priority issues, i.e., the loss of biodiversity and its causes, reducing direct pressure on biodiversity, safeguarding ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity, and participatory planning to enhance the implementation of biodiversity conservation. Each of these is relevant in the case of powerline and substation infrastructure development and biodiversity conservation through all Project phases, from planning to the implementation of mitigation measures for existing developments. THE AGREEMENT ON THE CONSERVATION OF AFRICAN-EURASIAN MIGRATORY WATER BIRDS The Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Water birds (AEWA) is an intergovernmental treaty dedicated to the conservation of migratory waterbirds and their habitats across Africa, Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, Greenland, and the Canadian Archipelago. The AEWA covers 255 species of birds ecologically dependent on wetlands for at least part of their annual cycle, including many species of divers, grebes, pelicans, cormorants, herons, storks, rails, ibises, spoonbills, flamingos, ducks, swans, geese, cranes, waders, gulls, terns, tropic birds, auks, frigate birds, and even the South African penguin. The core activities carried out under AEWA are described in their Action Plan, which is legally binding for all countries that have joined the Agreement. The AEWA Action Plan details the various measures to be undertaken by Contracting Parties and Non-Party Range States (Zambia included) to guarantee the conservation of migratory waterbirds within their national boundaries. These include species and habitat protection, and the management of human activities, as well as legal and emergency measures. 4.1.3.2 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 6 - BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LIVING NATURAL RESOURCES The ESS 6 recognizes that protecting and conserving biodiversity and sustainably managing living natural resources are fundamental to sustainable development. Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms from all sources, including inter alia, terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. ESS6 requires to avoid adverse impacts on biodiversity and habitats. When avoidance of adverse impacts is not possible, measures to minimize adverse impacts and restore biodiversity in accordance with the mitigation hierarchy must be implemented. Where significant risks and adverse impacts on biodiversity have been identified, the Borrower will develop and implement a Biodiversity Management Plan. This ESS addresses all habitats, categorized as ‘modified habitat’, ‘natural habitat’, and ‘critical habitat’, along with ‘legally protected and internationally and regionally recognized areas of biodiversity value’ . The ESS requires a differentiated risk management approach to habitats based on their sensitivity and values: ─ In natural habitat, mitigation measures must achieve no net loss and, where feasible, preferably a net gain of biodiversity over the long term. ─ In critical habitats, a mitigation strategy will be designed to achieve net gains in the biodiversity values for which the critical habitat was designated. ─ In protected areas, additional programs must be implemented to promote and enhance the conservations aims and effective management of the area. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.1.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS 4.1.4.1 MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL HABITAT AND KEY BIODIVERSITY VALUES Critical habitats are a subset of modified or natural habitats. Modified, natural and critical habitat refers to the biodiversity value of the area as determined by species, ecosystems, and ecological processes. In the Biodiversity Indirect Impact Area (BIIA), results show that four species trigger critical habitats (Table 4-2). Habitats supporting species triggering critical habitat criteria in the Ecologically Appropriate Area of Analysis (EAAA) are Miombo woodland within Mutinondo Wilderness Area and Bwingi Fumu Forest Reserve, natural undisturbed wet grasslands and dambos, rock outcrop in the Kasama Forest Reserve for Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana, thin soils and rock crevices on Muchinga Escarpment in Serenje. Table 4-2 details potential interactions with these high biodiversity values. The complete critical habitat assessment is available in ESIA Appendix 5-14. Table 4-2 Potential Interactions of Critical Habitat Qualifying Biodiversity Features with the Project Biodiversity Potential Interaction with the Project Key Impacts Mitigation Feature Strategy In Zambia, vulnerable Encephalartos schmitzii occurs along the Project not located NA Muchinga Escarpment in the Muchinga province. It’s considered within CH for this restricted-range. species. In the BIIA, it would occur as a disjunct population in wet Miombo No direct or indirect woodlands of Bwingi Mfumu Forest Reserve, about 20 km to the impact. east of the proposed line (Lishomwa Mulongwe, Principal Research Officer, Forestry Department, personal Encephalartos communication). It was not observed during the field surveys, but schmitzii GBIF has a record of the species from the Mutinondo Wilderness area. These two areas were determined to be critical habitat for the species. Its presence in the Direct Impact Area (DIA), which is west of the escarpment, is unlikely; hence, no impacts from the Project on the species are anticipated. This endangered species is known only in 10 locations which are Potential impact in wet See Action far apart from each other and in Angola, DRC, Tanzania and dambos crossed by the Plan for Disa Zambia (IUCN SSC East African Plants Red List Authority, 2019). line, although presence aequiloba The species was not observed during surveys but is known to be not confirmed. present in the region (Lishomwa Mulongwe, Principal Research Indirect impact from Officer, Forestry Department, personal communication). increased accessibility, Disa aequiloba In the BIIA, this species has a single occurrence from GBIF, east leading to increased of the line, near the Mutinundo Wilderness Area. The species habitat degradation and grows in different wetlands habitats such as swamp areas, potential harvesting dambo, wet grassland, and wet meadows. It is mainly threatened pressure. by the expansion of tea plantations and potato farming. Natural undisturbed wet grasslands and dambos within the BIIA can potentially host the species and would constitute a critical habitat. The Euphorbia perplexa var. kasamana is known only from 4,8 ha of rock outcrop See Action Zambia, north of Kasama (Phiri, 2015). This small shrub are found in the ROW. Plan characterised with spines to 10 mm long was observed in the Potential loss and Euphorbia Kasama forest reserve, on the rocky outcrops of the Mwela Rock damage to the habitat perplexa var Euphorbia Art Site. It was collected during the walkover surveys in during construction. kasamana perplexa var September 2019. kasamana Although its precise extent of occurrence is unknown, it is assumed that the species must have a restricted range (less than 50,000 km2). The rock outcrops in the Kasama forest reserve are considered critical habitat for the species ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-7 Biodiversity Potential Interaction with the Project Key Impacts Mitigation Feature Strategy This herb grows on thin soils and rock crevices in the Muchinga Project not located NA Escarpment, Serenje District (Phiri, 2005). The species was not within CH for this observed during surveys but is, in fact, though to be restricted to species. in hilly areas on thin soil in Serenje (Dr Mulongwe, Principal No direct or indirect Research Officer, Forestry Department, personal impact. communication). In the BIIA, this species has a single occurrence from GBIF, east of Pensulo and of the Kanona forest reserve, Gladiolus near the Kundalila Falls. Although its precise extent of serenjensis occurrence is unknown, it is assumed that the species must have a restricted range (less than 50,000 km2). Thin soils and rock crevices on Muchinga Escarpment in Serenje are identified as critical habitats for this species. Its presence in the DIA, which is west of the escarpment, is unlikely; hence, no impacts from the Project on the species are anticipated. Project not located NA within this critical Lavushi Manda Lavushi Manda was avoided by the line route and is found habitat. National Park approximately 1.5 km of the Project. No direct or indirect impact 4.1.4.2 ACTION PLAN FOR DISA AEQUILOBA KEY IMPACTS ─ Potential loss and degradation of wetland habitat, constituting potential critical habitat for the species. MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES ─ Complete detailed design while avoiding as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within wet grasslands and dambos considered critical for the species. ─ Avoid as much as possible works and temporary infrastructure within wet grasslands and dambos. ─ Compensation for habitat and specimens lost to reach net gain for Disa aequiloba. KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR DISA AEQUILOBA AVOIDANCE ─ Undertake additional targeted surveys in the ROW and temporary construction areas to determine the presence Disa aequiloba critical habitat and avoid these areas where it occurs. ─ Avoid as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within wet grasslands and dambos considered critical for the species. Use longer spans between power lines to avoid erecting structures in these habitats. ─ Ensure no access roads are built and no temporary construction areas are placed within wet grasslands and dambos considered critical for the species. ─ Promote the selection of areas of modified habitat for the installation of temporary work and storage areas. ─ Ensure construction activities, including vehicle movements and material storage, remain within the ROW, temporary construction areas and identified access roads. ─ Clearly mark the extent of the ROW and temporary construction areas with stakes at intervals of 50 m or less. Identify and mark the vegetation to be preserved along sections of the ROW. ─ Conduct activities during the dry season to reduce disturbance of sensitive wetland areas. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Undertake selective cutting of the vegetation in dambo areas in order to keep low-growing species that do not represent a risk to the powerline. ─ During construction and maintenance, areas where Disa aequiloba specimens are found should be identified and warning signs should be placed to avoid any impairment of the specimens. MINIMIZATION ─ Undertake ROW vegetation cutting under the supervision of a botanist to identify and relocate threatened or protected species, if possible. ─ Any threatened or protected species that needs to be cut will be located and its habitat will be fully described. If possible, relocate specimens or collect cuttings or seeds of species of conservation concern. ─ Restore borrow sites at the end of the work activities with native plant species representative of the initial conditions. ─ Ensure no modification to local hydrology and drainage associated with wet grasslands and dambos. ─ Clean construction equipment properly before arriving in work areas and again when leaving if it is contaminated with invasive alien species. ─ Implement a sensitization program in order to educate and increase local communities’ awareness on natural resources protection and overharvesting. RESIDUAL IMPACT A total of 322 ha of wetland is found within the Project ROW. As wetlands are dominated by herbaceous species, they will not be affected by ROW clearing. The loss of wetland habitat is expected to be minimal, especially if careful attention is put into avoiding infrastructure in this habitat type. Although the majority of wetlands have been transformed for agricultural purposes, natural patches of wetland are susceptible to support Disa aequiloba. Targeted surveys of natural wetland areas to determine if the species is present are needed in order to detail further mitigation measures and determine the residual impact on this species. This baseline shall serve as the foundation for better understanding potential impacts, designing mitigation measures, and to be able to measure net gain of critical habitat as required throughout the implementation of the project. As Disa aequiloba is a herbaceous species, its presence within the right-of-way can be largely protected and maintained during construction and operation of the line. With the application of avoidance and minimization measures provided above, the project will not lead to a significant loss of the species or its habitat. COMPENSATION MEASURES AND ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION ACTIONS TO ACHIEVE NET GAIN These are to be determined following the additional targeted surveys of Disa aequiloba within the ROW. Potential compensation measures and conservations actions are: ─ Restoration and protection of natural wet grasslands and dambos. ─ Develop nurseries specifically for the species in collaboration with orchid specialists. ─ Support a reintroduction program in suitable habitats. 4.1.4.3 ACTION PLAN FOR EUPHORBIA PERPLEXA VAR KASAMANA Euphorbia sp. are spiny succulent plants that are found on rock outcrops and in sandy areas. Euphorbia perplexa var. kasamana is a low-lying species that rarely reaches more than 0.5 m, the vegetation height allowed within the transmission line ROW. During construction and maintenance activities, efforts should be made to maintain and protect these plant specimens. Rocky outcrops in the Kasama Forest Reserve are the area where the species was observed and to which particular attention should be paid. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-9 KEY IMPACTS ─ Potential loss and degradation of rock outcrop habitat, constituting critical habitat for the species. MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES ─ Complete detailed design while avoiding as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within rock outcrop habitat in Kasama FR, considered critical for the species. ─ Avoid work and temporary infrastructure within rock outcrop habitat in Forest Reserve. ─ Compensation for habitat and specimens lost to reach net gain for Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana. KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR EUPHORBIA PERPLEXA VAR KASAMANA AVOIDANCE ─ Assess feasible technical options to avoid the crossing of rock outcrops in proximity and within the Kasama Forest Reserve. ─ Avoid as much as possible infrastructure (including pylons siting) within the rock outcrop habitat in Kasama forest reserve. Use longer spans between power lines to avoid erecting structures in this habitat. ─ Ensure no access roads are built and no temporary construction areas are placed within rock outcrop habitat in the Kasama forest reserve. ─ Undertake additional targeted surveys in the ROW and temporary construction areas to determine the presence Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana critical habitat and avoid these areas where it occurs.During construction and maintenance, protect low-lying specimens of endemic Euphorbia perplexa var. Kasamana and other endemic Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbia jubata and Euphorbia speciosa). ─ Do not cut or damage specimens of Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana where specimens are found should be identified and warning signs should be placed to avoid any impairment of the specimens. ─ Promote the selection of areas of modified habitat for the installation of temporary work and storage areas. ─ Ensure construction activities, including vehicle movements and material storage, remain within the ROW, temporary construction area and identified access roads. ─ Clearly mark the extent of the ROW and temporary construction areas. Avoid all encroachment outside of the ROW. ─ Avoid construction of temporary access roads in rock outcrops in Kasama FR. MINIMIZATION ─ Undertake ROW vegetation cutting with the supervision of a botanist in order to identify and relocate, if possible, threatened or protected species. ─ Any threatened or protected species that needs to be cut will be located and its habitat will be fully described. If possible, relocate specimens or collect cuttings or seeds of species of conservation concern. ─ Restore borrow sites at the end of the work activities with native plant species representative of the initial conditions. ─ Clean construction equipment properly before arriving in work areas and again when leaving if it is contaminated with invasive alien species. RESIDUAL IMPACT A total of 4,8 ha of rock outcrop is found within the Project ROW in the Kasama forest reserve. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Targeted surveys of the area to determine the presence Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana critical habitat will allow to detail mitigation measures to reduce the residual impact on this species. This baseline shall serve as the foundation for better understanding potential impacts, designing mitigation measures, and to be able to measure net gain of critical habitat as required throughout the implementation of the project. As Euphorbia perplexa var. Kasamana is a low-lying species, it is expected that specimens and the habitat within the right-of-way can be largely protected and maintained during construction and operation of the line. With the implementation of avoidance and minimization measures provided above, the project will not lead to a significant loss of the species or its habitat. However, if feasible technical options to avoid the crossing of rock outcrops in proximity and within the Kasama forest reserve are identified, this would further prevent any residual impact. COMPENSATION MEASURES AND ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION ACTIONS TO ACHIEVE NET GAIN These are to be determined following the additional targeted surveys of Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana within the ROW. Potential compensation measures and conservation actions are: ─ Restoration and protection of rock outcrop vegetation. ─ Develop nurseries specifically for the species in collaboration with Euphorbia specialists. ─ Support a reintroduction program in suitable habitats. 4.1.4.4 NATURAL HABITATS Natural habitats are areas composed of viable assemblages of plant and/or animal species of largely native origin and/or where human activity has not essentially modified an area’s primary ecological functions and species composition, whereas modified habitats are areas that may contain a large proportion of plant and/or animal species of non-native origin, and/or where human activity has substantially modified an area’s primary ecological functions and species composition. A total of 373.3 ha of what can be considered as natural habitat, which secondary and mature woodland, as well as riverine forest, are found in the ROW and will need to be cut. Although considered natural habitat, it is important to note that most riverine forests are degraded and that the integrity of the secondary woodland in the Project area is low due to clearing for fuelwood, charcoal, and building materials and annual wildfires. A study of miombo woodland in the Northern Province showed an average tree density between 242 stem/ha and 184 stem/ha in old-growth woodland and coppice (Chidumayo, 1987). The average between these two values (213 stem/ha) was used to estimate the number of stems potentially affected by the Project in natural habitats because the most woodland affected is secondary woodland. Tree loss within natural habitats is estimated at 79,500 trees. It is estimated that a minimum of 439 ha of natural miombo woodland (considering 85% plantation success) can be replanted or restored elsewhere to achieve no net loss of natural habitat. This represents approximately 93,500 trees. MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES According to ESS6 requirements, any conversion or degradation of natural habitat should be mitigated according to the mitigation hierarchy and mitigation and compensation measures should be designed to achieve no net loss of natural habitat. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-11 KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR NATURAL HABITAT ─ Prior to project effectiveness, undertake a comprehensive, well-documented assessment of the existing biodiversity conditions in the project area, focusing mainly on birds, bats and amphibians, that will also allow to better characterize natural habitat and biodiversity values associated to it. Standardized, scientifically accepted survey methods and data collection protocols shall be applied to ensure data reliability and comparability over time. AVOIDANCE ─ Limit powerline crossing in natural habitats. ─ Use longer spans between power lines, spanning across rivers and wetlands, to avoid erecting structures in these habitats. ─ Promote the selection of areas of modified habitat for the installation of temporary construction work and storage areas. ─ Ensure construction activities, including vehicle movements and material storage, remain within the ROW and identified access roads. ─ Clearly mark the extent of the ROW. Avoid all encroachment outside of the ROW. MINIMIZATION ─ Inspect and clean construction equipment. ─ Bury residues of invasive alien flora species. ─ Make woody resources available to local populations. ─ Minimize the construction of new access roads. Promote the use of existing access roads for machinery and vehicle movements, increasing their width as necessary. ─ Rehabilitate and revegetate temporary access roads and work areas as soon as possible using native vegetation species that are ecologically associated with local fauna. ─ Clearly mark sensitive areas, especially riparian ecotones, before each maintenance clearing period. ─ Adhere to the stipulated wayleave size when clearing vegetation to avoid cutting trees unnecessarily. RESIDUAL IMPACT Loss of 373.3 ha of natural habitat (approximately 79,500 trees) COMPENSATION MEASURES TO ACHIEVE NO NET LOSS OF NATURAL HABITAT ─ In collaboration with the Forestry Department, plan for compensatory plantations or restoration of at least 439 ha of miombo woodland (estimation of 93,500 trees). ─ The Detailed Compensatory Plan and budget (Reforestation/ Restoration) shall be developed in Consultation with Forestry Department. ─ Undertake ROW vegetation cutting with the supervision of a botanist to confirm and detail the habitat losses and to identify and relocate threatened or protected species, if possible. ─ Any threatened or protected species that needs to be cut will be located and its habitat will be fully described. If possible, collect seeds from species of conservation concern. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ This BMP shall be updated with real loss calculations in order to indicate the amount of compensatory habitat required to facilitate more detailed planning and the number of threatened or protected species lost, that need to be compensated. ─ Promote the use of native species for planting. ─ Plan compensatory reforestation activities to maintain ecological connectivity between habitats. ─ Develop tree nurseries specifically for threatened and protected species affected by the vegetation clearing. ─ The rehabilitation or creation of habitat should consider climate adaptation. Planting schemes shall consider the use of resilient native species, adapted to future climate conditions. The potential increase in flooding and drought should be considered when selecting plant species and locations for compensation implementation. Furthermore, subject to feasibility, compensation for wetland habitat can also be designed to achieve flood alleviation benefits. ─ The success of compensatory restoration within the Project corridor or at designated sites will be monitored. Survival rates of vegetation planted during reforestation will be assessed. Particular attention will be given to species of conservation concern or of use value that may have been planted. This monitoring can be done in coordination with the Forestry Department. Monitoring shall continue during the operation phase. The compensation plan must be developed by ZESCO’s Project Implementation Unit (PIU) prior to project effectiveness, and compensation must be completed as per the plan before the end of the construction phase. The compensation plan shall rely on the updated baseline for key species and habitat conditions to accurately measure biodiversity no net loss of natural habitat and shall aim to generate benefits for the biodiversity values impacted by the project. Overall, it is recommended that compensation be carried out by habitat restoration or enhancement in areas within the study area (in proximity to the affected habitats) where long-term protection can be achieved. Areas to be considered are existing protected areas, such as the affected forest reserves or other forest reserves in the vicinity of the line. Local communities should also be consulted to identify potential sites for reforestation to identify areas that would be locally supported. In fact, it is recommended to include in the compensation plan a program to restore community lands to compensate for the loss of natural habitat. This restoration effort is crucial as the project offers limited direct benefits to poorer communities, who will continue to rely on woodlands for their energy needs. ZESCO shall examine the possibility and may provide financial and logistical support to an existing reforestation scheme in the Study Area. This will include planting of areas affected by erosion and restoration of degraded forests in the Study Area. Support provided by ZESCO may include the procurement and distribution of native trees for planting, maintenance, and monitoring of the planted areas, etc. Reforestation should follow these main steps prior to starting: ─ Identification of species to be favored for reforestation. The use of a variety of native species will need to be promoted. Identification of species to be favored for reforestation should consider the following selection criteria: ▪ Identification of nursery sites and preferential sites for reforestation; ▪ Training of local communities in nursery techniques and plantation techniques in the natural environment; ▪ Implementation of nurseries and planting of plants. 4.1.4.5 PROTECTED AREAS Presence of protected areas and internationally designated areas, such as national parks, forest reserves and IBAs was considered during the comparative analysis phase in order to avoid impacts on them as much as possible. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-13 Seven forest reserves are crossed by the transmission line, some of them because an effort was made to follow as existing powerlines. They include Kasama (2.9 km), Amenshi (0.3 km), Chitimukulu (3.2 km), Mungwi (0.4 km), Nkole Mfumu (4.4 km), Kanona (30.7 km) and Nakonde (1.4 km) Forest Reserves. However, these forest reserves have been degraded by human activities and infrastructure to varying degrees. As per the ERB Wayleave Code of Practice, wayleave width in Forestry Areas should be wider (78 m for a 330kV line) to prevent any danger to the line. However, to reduce impacts on habitats found within forest reserves and considering tree height in typical miombo woodland is not high, it was decided to maintain the 50 m ROW. Habitat types within the ROW have been mapped based on satellite imagery interpretation. Table 4-3 presents the habitat types within the affected areas inside the forest reserves. Kanona Forest Reserve and Nkole Mfumu Forest Reserve are the forest reserves with the more natural habitats affected, i.e., riverine forest and mature and secondary woodland. The passage of the line inside the Kanona Forest Reserve will lead to the clearing of 65.1 ha of mature and secondary miombo woodland. These more natural forests constitute disjunct patches interlaced with agricultural areas and other degraded woodland. In the Nkole Mfumu Forest Reserve, although mature stands of forest are present in the Project’s wayleave, these are relic patches within an area of disturbed forest. Furthermore, this section of the Forest Reserve is already fragmented by another transmission line, as well as by the TAZARA railway. The Nkole Mfumu Forest Reserve comprises some vast unfragmented mature forests to the east, which the Project will not affect. As presented in Table 4-3, the clearing of the ROW inside this FR will lead to the loss of 20.4 ha of mature and secondary woodland. This represents a loss of 0.01% of the total woodland within the Forest Reserve. Table 4-3 Habitat Types in the ROW in the Different Forest Reserves Affected Habitat Type/Landuse Kasama Amenshi Chitimukulu Mungwi Nkole Mfumu Kanona Nakonde Forest Forest Forest Forest Forest Forest Forest Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Agriculture 0.06 1.19 2.28 2.11 24.21 - Build-environment - - - - 0.18 - Fallow land - - 7.12 - 0.90 11.31 - Grassland - Open area 0.11 - - - 2.59 - Rock Outcrop 4.78 - - - - - - Riverine forest - - 0.74 2.57 - Wetland 0.24 - - 2.17 - 5.78 - Plantation - - - - - - 4.18 Degraded Woodland - - - - - - 0.34 Woodland-Mature - - - - 4.55 20.54 Woodland-Secondary 9.08 - 7.01 - 15.84 44.60 - Total 14.27 1.19 16.40 2.91 23.40 111.78 5.13 Total natural habitat 9.08 0 7.01 0.74 20.39 67.71 0 MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES In line with ESS 6, in circumstances where a proposed Project is located within a legally protected area, additional programs, as appropriate, shall be implemented to promote and enhance the conservation aims and effective management of the area. Projects proposed inside legally protected or internationally recognized areas should result in tangible benefits to the conservation objectives of that area, and the presence of the Project should gain clear conservation advantages. This can be achieved by implementing programs that, for example, provide support for forest reserve management, address alternative livelihoods for affected communities, or support and/or carry out research needed for the conservation aims of the protected area. In addition to the mitigation and compensation measures proposed below, to be in line with ESS6, it is recommended that additional programs to enhance conservation within the affected forest reserves be developed. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-14 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR FOREST RESERVES It is important to note that all management measures applicable to natural habitats will also apply to natural habitats located within the forest reserves. Additional measures are, however, the following: ─ Obtain salvage permit to cut down trees in the Kasama, Amenshi, Chitimukulu, Mungwi, Nkole Mfumu, Kanona and Nakonde Forest Reserves. ─ Reduce width to be cleared in riverine forests, and secondary and mature woodland located in forest reserves (width reduced to 50 m). ─ Avoid construction of temporary access roads in secondary and mature miombo within forest reserves. RESIDUAL IMPACT Natural habitat loss within Forest Reserve, as presented in Table 4-3. COMPENSATION MEASURES TO ACHIEVE NO NET LOSS No net loss of natural habitat is required and will apply to some habitats impacted within the forest reserves, such as the mature and secondary miombo woodland and the riverine forests. See compensation measures to achieve no net loss on natural habitats above. Specifically for the forest reserves: ─ Collaborate with the relevant Forestry Departments to identify the number and species of trees affected in the Kasama, Amenshi, Chitimukulu, Mungwi, Nkole Mfumu, Kanona and Nakonde Forest Reserves and the assessment of required compensation. ─ Compensate for lost habitats within the forest reserves by restoring and protecting similar natural habitats within the forest reserves (plantation of native species in deforested areas, fencing out of key areas, restoration of disturbed areas). This shall be part of the Compensation Plan for the loss of natural habitats. 4.1.4.6 PROJECT-RELATED IMPACTS TO AVIFAUNA Many threatened avifauna species are potentially present in the Project area and several of these bird species and others are susceptible to collisions with transmission lines. Since potential impacts could be significant and must be appropriately managed, mitigation and compensation measures are detailed in this BMP. All species recorded during the rapid bird surveys have the potential to be displaced by the proposed ZTIP as a result of habitat transformation and disturbance, including threatened or near threatened species, according to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, many of these species have persisted despite existing disturbance within the study area. This resilience, coupled with the fact that similar habitats (except for the riverine forests) are available throughout the broader area, means that the displacement impact is unlikely to be of regional or national significance. Typically, construction activities associated with a new powerline could have an impact on breeding populations of various bird species, particularly large raptors that may be utilizing the existing infrastructure or breeding in the immediate vicinity. Large raptors breed roughly between March and November. The most critical period within this time span is from March to August, when the eggs are incubated, and again from September to November when the young birds are almost ready to fledge. During operation, collisions of birds with transmission lines are the largest threat posed by powerlines to birds (van Rooyen, 2004). A total of 60 species present and potentially present within the BIIA are considered priority species, namely because of their susceptibility to powerline-associated impacts. These include species listed in the IUCN Red List, Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus)-EN, Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax)-VU and Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis)-EN, the Crowned Eagle (Stephanoaetus coronatus)- NT, the Martial Eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) -EN, the Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) - NT, the Lappet-faced Vulture (Torgos tracheliotos) – EN, the White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus)- CR, the White-headed Vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis)-CR, the Southern Ground-hornbill (Bucorvus leadbeateri) – VU, and species on the regional red-list the African Marsh- Harrier (Circus ranivorus) and the Bar-winged Weaver (Ploceus angolensis) (Willems & Leonard, 2019). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-15 The ESIA identified habitats of Low, Medium, Medium-High and High sensitivity for birds (section 5.3.3.6) following habitat and species observations made during the field surveys. Four types of sensitivity were identified and classified based on the presence of IBAs, mature reserves, forest reserves, microhabitats, the species richness within the habitat, the presence of priority species, and levels of existing disturbance in the immediate area: The High, Medium-High and Medium Sensitivity zones are illustrated in Maps 5-17 to 5-19. KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES AVIFAUNA AVOIDANCE ─ Avoid, as much as possible, site preparation during peak breeding seasons for birds and, more specifically, the breeding periods of special-status bird species present in the Project area. ─ Conduct a comprehensive bird survey prior to project effectiveness to update information on the migration routes and local movement of birds and to confirm spans of powerline that require the installation of bird flight diverters, with a specific focus on rivers, watercourses, waterbodies, and dambos and in High, Medium- High, and medium-sensitivity areas for birds. ─ Conduct bird mortality monitoring along existing powerlines in proximity to the proposed line route to inform prediction of potential bird strike and mortality impacts. ─ Undertake a pre-construction inspection (avifaunal walk-through) of the powerline route alignment and road access routes to identify special status species that may be breeding within the ROW and its immediate surroundings (1 km radius) to ensure the impacts to breeding species (if any) are adequately managed. ─ Where a priority or threatened bird species is nesting, do not undertake tree clearing within a radius of 1 km. Consult the Forest Department Authorities and National Park Service for guidance on actions to be taken. Wait until the nest is deserted. Weekly checks to verify nest activity. MINIMIZATION ─ Raise awareness on vehicle speed and collision risks. ─ Apply the same design when two lines are side by side. ─ Avoid maintenance activities during breeding and nesting seasons. ─ Monitor avian-induced faulting. If on-going quality of supply impacts are recorded once the proposed transmission line is operational, it is recommended that these impacts be assessed by a qualified avifaunal specialist and site-specific mitigation be applied reactively. ─ In High, Medium-High, and Medium sensitivity habitats, ensure land planning by local authorities avoids the implementation of infrastructure or land uses that may constitute an attraction for birds, such as landfills. To do so, ZESCO shall inform local authorities of potential collision risks for birds and encourage the planned transmission line to be integrated into local planning tools. ─ In High, Medium-high, and Medium sensitivity habitats, illustrated in Maps 4-1 to 4-3, and according to observations made during additional surveys and monitoring (see above), install bird flight diverters on both earth wires in a staggered pattern, using alternating colours and installation on the full earth wire/ground wire span length. Partial marking (i.e., installing bird flight diverters on the middle 60% of the earth wire span) appears to displace rather than reduce collisions. Research conducted in South Africa showed an apparent increase in dead birds under unmarked sections of marked earth wire spans (Shaw, 2013). Bird flight diverters shall be positioned at 10 m intervals on each earth wire/ground wire. ─ Bird flight diverters are to be maintained on sections of the powerline during the operational life span of the powerline. It is recommended to use flapper flight diverters with reflective tapes, as they showed a stronger reduction in mortality rates then spiral diverters. independent of the power line where they were installed (Ferrer et al., 2020). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ! 300,000 Lunzua South 400,000 Msamba 500,000 Mukalizi Kakozi ! Santilya N ! ! ¾ D1 ! Ipunga Vwawa ! Chambeshi Headwaters Semeti Chikwalala ! Nsokolo ! West Chilundumuzi Chinakila Chozi R ! iver Chozi ! ! Tunduma Tanzania ! Area 58 Nakonde Ntumba River d Nakonde Nakonde Substation Kaombwe ! 8,950,000 8,950,000 Area 57 iver Luchewe de R ! ¾ on Makasa 302 Nak ! Mkasi ¾ M14 Chanka ! Chitipa ! Kalu ¾ D3 Area 56 ngu R iver r Rive Chisangamponde mbe Luo Area 55 Lake Tanganyika Malawi Ngolo TANZANIA ! Chimba Area 54 ! DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Shown Chisato OF CONGO Lake ! Left Nyasa 8,900,000 8,900,000 ! Nseluka Lumumbashi Lumumbashi Chambeshi Nampande Flats ANGOLA MALAWI Mwamba ! Mbesuma Ranch ! Area 53 Chitimukulu ¾D18 ! Mulilansolo Mafinga Hills MALAWI Lilongwe ZAMBIA Area 52 Malole Lusaka Lusaka Zam ! Kapolyo MOZAMBIQUE Ndasa Amenshi ! bez Mungwi Amenshi Isoka i Mungwi ZIMBABWE ! Kasama Isoka Plantation Harare Harare ! Area 50 NAMIBIA 0 200 400 km Kasama BOTSWANA Kasama Area 51 Pando Hills Substation d Area 49 Ilangali Kapele Fungwe Interconnector Project Zambia-Tanzania Amenshi Nsando Luchindashi Chale Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ! ! Human Environment Project Components Biological Environment Update Area 48 Biophysical Indirect International Designated Areas International Boundary Impact Area Map 4-1 8,850,000 8,850,000 Important Bird Area and Avifauna Flyways and Habitat Sensitivity Infrastructure Proposed 330kV Key Biodiversity Area Nakonde - Kasama Segment r Rive Area 47 Transmission Line Railroad National Designated Areas Lubu Proposed 132kV Chipunga Mulema Area 46 ! Transmission Line Road Forest Reserve Sources : ESRI, National Geographic and World Hillshade ! Mwansa Existing Distribution Chinsali ! Line d Substation MapLibrary, Africa World Protected Planet and Birdlife International Game Management Area Open Street Map, 2019, roads, railways, rivers Mulobola Transmission Line, 33kV Existing Plantation Chinsali Avifauna Zambia Ministry of Land, districts Makutu Nkole Feathers Environmental services, 2019 Mfumu National Park Milima Existing Transmission Line, 66kV Habitat Sensitivity Zones Mulobola 0 7 14 km ! Ntambi High Chibutubutu Existing Transmission Line, 330kV UTM 36S, WGS84 28 October 2024 Mitanga Area 45 Medium Preparation: H. Chouinard Ituntwe Drawing: S. Samson Validation: M. Brennan Jacot Lutandebwe Medium-High ESMP2024_241028.aprx 300,000 ¾ T2400,000 500,000 CA0027197_7329_ESMP3_1_avifaunaFlyway_002_241028 Boundaries and measurements shown on this document must not be used for engineering or land survey delineation. A land register analysis conducted by a land surveyor was not undertaken. Mungwi 200,000 Amenshi 300,000 ! 400,000 Kawambwa Kasama Lumbo Area 50 N Kasama ! Mungwi Lunte District Kasama Area 51 Substation d Area 49 Ilangali Isoka ! Chimfwembe Luchindashi Kapele Amenshi Nsando Chale ! ! Area 48 Chief Munkonge 8,850,000 8,850,000 Chief Chipalo Northern Chinsali Kasama Area 47 Chief Shimumbi Chief Tungati Mulema Chipunga ! Area 46 Mwansa ! ! Chinsali Mulobola Chinsali Plantation Luwingu Nkole Milima Munwa Mulobola Mfumu Ntambi ! Chibutubutu Area 45 Ituntwe Musalangu Human Environment Lwelangwa GMA Nsombo International Boundary Lutandebwe ¾D56 8,800,000 8,800,000 Infrastructure Area 44 Chilubi Mulanda Railroad Mushitu Road Matipa Luwingu Chambeshi Lupasa GMA Shiwamg'andu Existing Distribution Line 3 Area 43 Lake Tanganyika Existing Transmission Line, 33kV Lubu TANZANIA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Shown Area 42 OF CONGO Left Lake Existing Transmission Line, 66kV Chama Nyasa Existing Transmission Line, 330kV Isangano Lumumbashi Lumumbashi National Park Shiwa Ng'andu ANGOLA Samfya MALAWI IBA Project Components Area 41 Chilubi MALAWI Biophysical Indirect Plantation Bangweulu Swamps Shiwa Ngandu IBA Area 40 ! Lilongwe Impact Area Chief Mpepo IBA ZAMBIA Luanya Luanya East Lusaka Lusaka Fibale Zam Proposed 330kV Area 39 MOZAMBIQUE West Transmission Line 8,750,000 8,750,000 ¾ bez Chambeshi M1 Luapula GMA i ZIMBABWE d Substation Lunga Area 38 Harare Harare NAMIBIA 0 200 400 km Biological Environment BOTSWANA Area 37 International Designated Areas Important Bird Area and 2 Bwingi Mfumu Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Key Biodiversity Area Muchinga Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Area 36 Update Kanchibiya National Designated Areas Area 35 Map 4-2 Forest Reserve Avifauna Flyways and Habitat Sensitivity Kasama - Mpika Segment Game Management Area Area 34 National Park Sources : ESRI, National Geographic and World Hillshade Mukungule Avifauna GMA Protected Planet and Birdlife International Open Street Map, 2019, roads, railways, rivers 8,700,000 8,700,000 Zambia Ministry of Land, districts Potential Avifauna Flyway Mpika Feathers Environmental services, 2019 Area 33 Habitat Sensitivity Zones North Luangwa 0 7 14 km High Mpika ! IBA Mpika Boma UTM 36S, WGS84 28 October 2024 Area 32 Kalaso Mukoso Medium GMA Bangweulu GMA Lwitikila dMpika Area 29 North Substation Luangwa Chama Medium-High National Musalangu Luangwa 200,000 300,000 Park 400,000 GMA Boundaries and measurements shown on this document must not be used for engineering or land survey delineation. A land register analysis conducted by a land surveyor was not undertaken. 200,000 300,000 Area 33 Mpika Human Environment Biological Environment Avifauna ! N Lunga Kanchibiya Mukungule Potential Avifauna Luchembe Area 32 Mpika International Boundary International Designated Areas Flyway ! d Area 29 Mpika Boma GMA Important Bird Area and Malamwila Substation Key Biodiversity Area Habitat Sensitivity Zones ! Infrastructure High Railroad National Designated Areas Lwitikila North Luangwa Medium National Park Road Forest Reserve Area 28 North Luangwa Medium-High IBA Existing Transmission Line, 66kV Game Management Area ! Chilonga Area 30 Existing Transmission Line, 330kV Project Components National Park Area 26 Biophysical Indirect Area 27 Samfya Impact Area Proposed 330kV Mpika Transmission Line d Substation Area 25 8,650,000 8,650,000 Bangweulu GMA Bangweulu Swamps Area 24 IBA Area 23 Area 22 Area 20 Lavushi Manda Kafinda National Park Area 19 Luangwa Munyamadzi GMA GMA Lavushi Manda Area 21 Mulembo IBA ! Kalonje Area 18 Mutinondo Wilderness 1 IBA Ò D235 Area 17 Lake Tanganyika TANZANIA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO Lake Kasanka Nyasa Lavushimanda National Park Area 16 Lumumbashi Shown Lumumbashi Kasanka Left IBA ANGOLA MALAWI Area 15 8,600,000 8,600,000 MALAWI Lilongwe ZAMBIA Lusaka Lusaka Zam MOZAMBIQUE bez Area 31 Musola i ZIMBABWE Zambia Area 14 NAMIBIA Harare Harare 0 200 400 km BOTSWANA Chitambo ¾ T2 Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Update Area 12 Area 13 Map 4-3 Serenje Avifauna Flyways and Habitat Sensitivity Area 10 Area 11 Mpika - Pensulo Segment Musangashi Kanona Pensulo Area 9 South Luangwa Area 3 Area 6 Substation Area 1 d Area 8 Mailo National Park Sources : ESRI, National Geographic and World Hillshade ! South Luangwa MapLibrary, Africa World Area 2 IBA Protected Planet and Birdlife International Area 7 8,550,000 8,550,000 Open Street Map, 2019, roads, railways, rivers Area 4 Area 5 Zambia Ministry of Land, districts Feathers Environmental services, 2019 0 7 14 km Mambwe Lupande Munte GMA UTM 36S, WGS84 28 October 2024 Preparation: H. Chouinard Drawing: S. Samson Serenje ! Validation: M. Brennan Jacot Serenje ESMP2024_241028.aprx Lupande Luombwa 200,000 300,000 CA0027197_7329_ESMP3_3_avifaunaFlyway_004_241028 Boundaries and measurements shown on this document must not be used for engineering or land survey delineation. A land register analysis conducted by a land surveyor was not undertaken. The length of transmission line needing protection for each bird sensitivity area and the estimated number of bird diverters are presented in Table 4-4. Source: Feathers Environmental Services, 2019. Figure 4-1 Typical Installation of Bird Diverters Table 4-4 Estimated number of bird diverters per bird habitat sensitivity area Habitat Sensitivity Length Start End Segment Average Number of Estimated Sensitivity needing PK PK span spans number of bird Zone protection (km) (km) needing diverters protection Area 1 Medium 1615,4 182,4 184,0 Mpika - 400 5 400 Pensulo Area 2 Medium 504,6 179,0 179,5 Mpika - 400 2 160 Pensulo Area 3-4-5 Medium/Medium- 4041,7 172,7 176,7 Mpika - 400 10 800 High Pensulo Area 6-7 Medium-High 5022,9 165,6 170,6 Mpika - 400 13 1040 Pensulo Area 8 High 3042,4 161,4 164,5 Mpika - 400 8 640 Pensulo Area 9 Medium 321,4 159,8 160,1 Mpika - 400 1 80 Pensulo Area 10 Medium 1158,7 155,1 156,3 Mpika - 400 3 240 Pensulo Area 11-13 Medium 2148,3 150,6 152,8 Mpika - 400 6 480 Pensulo Area 12 Medium 992,0 148,0 149,0 Mpika - 400 3 240 Pensulo Area 14 Medium 8529,0 125,1 133,6 Mpika - 400 22 1760 Pensulo Area 15 Medium-High 1131,4 100,6 101,7 Mpika - 400 3 240 Pensulo ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-23 Habitat Sensitivity Length Start End Segment Average Number of Estimated Sensitivity needing PK PK span spans number of bird Zone protection (km) (km) needing diverters protection Area 16 Medium-High 6934,9 90,6 97,6 Mpika - 400 18 1440 Pensulo Area 17 Medium-High 827,3 84,9 85,7 Mpika - 400 3 240 Pensulo Area 18 Medium-High 1390,7 73,7 75,1 Mpika - 400 4 320 Pensulo Area 19-20 Medium-High 2312,1 63,9 66,2 Mpika - 400 6 480 Pensulo Area 21 Medium-High 1022,1 70,2 71,2 Mpika - 400 3 240 Pensulo Area 22-23 Medium-High 5542,6 57,1 62,6 Mpika - 400 14 1120 Pensulo Area 24 Medium-High 2238,7 52,3 54,6 Mpika - 400 6 480 Pensulo Area 25 Medium-High 3724,0 46,6 50,3 Mpika - 400 10 800 Pensulo Area 26 Medium 460,4 35,5 36,0 Mpika - 400 2 160 Pensulo Area 27 Medium 2474,7 26,9 29,4 Mpika - 400 7 560 Pensulo Area 28 Medium 1932,3 15,4 17,4 Mpika - 400 5 400 Pensulo Area 29 Medium 617,8 0,9 1,5 Mpika - 400 2 160 Pensulo Area 29b Medium 305,7 197,3 197,7 Kasama - 400 1 80 Mpika Area 30 Medium 609,9 20,0 20,6 Mpika - 400 2 160 Pensulo Area 31 Medium-High 2087,3 115,8 117,9 Mpika - 400 6 480 Pensulo Area 32 Medium-High 509,2 195,8 196,3 Kasama - 400 2 160 Mpika Area 33 Medium 14079,2 177,1 191,2 Kasama - 400 36 2880 Mpika Area 34 Medium 447,5 164,8 165,3 Kasama - 400 2 160 Mpika Area 35 Medium-High 6650,2 155,3 161,9 Kasama - 400 17 1360 Mpika Area 36 Medium-High 5097,1 148,3 153,4 Kasama - 400 13 1040 Mpika Area 37 Medium-High 2017,3 138,6 140,6 Kasama - 400 6 480 Mpika Area 38 Medium-High 1691,8 133,5 135,2 Kasama - 400 5 400 Mpika Area 39 Medium 951,6 125,3 126,2 Kasama - 400 3 240 Mpika Area 40 Medium 1763,2 117,9 119,6 Kasama - 400 5 400 Mpika Area 41 Medium 1109,5 113,9 115,0 Kasama - 400 3 240 Mpika WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-24 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Habitat Sensitivity Length Start End Segment Average Number of Estimated Sensitivity needing PK PK span spans number of bird Zone protection (km) (km) needing diverters protection Area 42 Medium 4949,6 97,0 102,0 Kasama - 400 13 1040 Mpika Area 43 Medium-High 6596,5 82,3 88,9 Kasama - 400 17 1360 Mpika Area 44 Medium 1496,8 73,6 75,1 Kasama - 400 4 320 Mpika Area 45 Medium 2148,6 52,6 54,8 Kasama - 400 6 480 Mpika Area 46 Medium 4477,8 29,6 34,1 Kasama - 400 12 960 Mpika Area 47 Medium 4991,8 21,7 26,8 Kasama - 400 13 1040 Mpika Area 48a Medium-High 858,6 15,4 16,3 Kasama - 400 3 240 Mpika Area 48b Medium-High 3285,3 10,0 13,3 Kasama - 400 8 640 Mpika Area 49 Medium 3943,1 198,8 202,7 Nakonde - 375 11 825 Kasama Area 50-51 High 4409,3 191,6 196,0 Nakonde - 375 12 900 Kasama Area 52 High 639,8 180,2 180,8 Nakonde - 375 2 150 Kasama Area 53 Medium 3643,5 162,8 166,5 Nakonde - 375 10 750 Kasama Area 54 Medium 8774,9 135,4 144,2 Nakonde - 375 24 1800 Kasama Area 55 Medium-High 4294,0 126,4 130,7 Nakonde - 375 12 900 Kasama Area 56 Medium 6619,2 107,2 113,8 Nakonde - 375 18 1350 Kasama Area 57 Medium 6169,3 66,7 72,9 Nakonde - 375 17 1275 Kasama Area 58 Medium 10406,82355 19,44 29,84 Nakonde - 375 28 2100 Kasama Total (bird diverters) 36690 ─ Implement a bird mortality monitoring program (and training) in partnership with experts and local communities or NGOs that will review mitigation measures according to their efficiency and develop specific mitigation measures for species that are involved in bird mortality. ▪ Determine mortality rates of priority species within High, Medium-High, and Medium sensitivity zones (see Maps 4-1 to 4-3). ▪ Surveys should also be conducted in low-sensitivity zones to confirm this class's classification as a low- risk area. ▪ Survey protocols to be developed according to best practice guidelines in conjunction with ZESCO environmental officers. ▪ A mortality registry, to be managed by ZESCO environmental officers, shall be developed to compile all collision and electrocution mortalities, detailing species, age of carcass, location of carcass relative to the nearest tower, closest tower numbers and GPS location, etc. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-25 ▪ The efficacy and durability of mitigation devices (e.g., bird flight diverters, perch deterrents, and insulation) should be assessed in a sample of areas where they have been installed, and alternative specific mitigation measures should be developed for species that are continually affected by collisions and electrocutions. ▪ To conduct this bird mortality monitoring, a training program specific to bird and powerline interactions shall be developed in addition to the collection and management of mortality data. Training shall be provided to local NGO representatives and ZESCO environmental officers to capacitate representatives with the required skills to conduct mortality monitoring surveys and data management tasks. ▪ The surveys shall be carried out quarterly for the first five years of operation of the ROW by an avifaunal specialist, local NGO and ZESCO representatives. ▪ Monitoring shall lead to the development of guidance documents by an avifaunal specialist in conjunction with ZESCO environmental officers and local NGO representatives and species experts. RESIDUAL IMPACTS ─ Permanent displacement through the loss or modification of bird habitat. ─ Risk of mortality through collisions with the earth wire/ground wire. COMPENSATION MEASURES AND ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION ACTIONS FOR AVIFAUNA ─ Compensate any loss of breeding/nesting sites by creating suitable habitats elsewhere, notably by enhancing degraded habitats. ─ Involve an avifauna specialist in the implementation of compensation and additional conservation actions. ─ Collaborate with an NGO for the selection and implementation of conservation activities specific to the endangered and critically endangered vultures and eagles. 4.1.4.7 PROJECT-RELATED IMPACTS TO TERRESTRIAL FAUNA Construction of the transmission line will lead to habitat loss for certain large mammals and increase habitat fragmentation in the study area. During the operation phase, vegetation clearing and maintenance within the ROW will reduce habitat quality and maintain fragmentation. Large mammal migration pathways are discussed in detail in section 5.3.5.2 of the ESIA and are mapped in Maps 5-20 to 2-22. Impact on migration routes should be minimal, although increased noise may disturb species present in the area. The main impacts on bats will be related to habitat fragmentation and degradation in some areas along the ROW, which will lead to the loss of food sources (fruit trees) and could also lead to the loss or disturbance of roosting and breeding sites. The main bat migration known in the study area is the African Straw-coloured Fruit Bat, which can cover large distances for feeding. It is unlikely the proposed powerline will interact with this migration flyway. In fact, bat collisions with the transmission line are unlikely as bats generally have exceptional obstacle avoidance capabilities. KEY MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR TERRESTRIAL FAUNA AVOIDANCE ─ Conduct a comprehensive bat survey prior to project effectiveness to update information on the migration routes and local movement of bats. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-26 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Avoid timing of row clearing during seasonal large mammal migration: it is recommended that vegetation clearing within the ROW be conducted during the early dry season, which coincides with low vegetation flush in the Miombo ecoregion, a period where large mammal migration is less likely. ─ Avoid clearing and construction near Nachikufu Caves and Thorn Tree Guest House during the rainy season for minimal disturbance to bats, since Nachikufu Caves house a colony of bats that breeds during the rainy season and African Straw-coloured Fruit Bats are known to be present in most Zambian roosts only during the rainy season. ─ Undertake a pre-construction inspection on the final route alignment and access roads to identify any major bat roosts within or close to the areas to be cleared. ▪ Places to be checked include holes in large, hollow trees, inside caves and rock crevices, under bridges and in large culverts under roads. Bats can also roost in foliage in large trees. Indirect evidence to look for is the presence of piles of droppings, urine stains on rocks inside and at the exits of potential roosts. ▪ Local bat experts to be hired to identify species in major roosts. ▪ Specific places to be surveyed for bat roosts are:  Along the line route, near and in Kasama forest reserve, check for African Straw-coloured Fruit Bats, which are big bats that roost in large numbers in tall trees and can be located by the noise they make during the day and the individual bats hanging in and flying around within the trees;  In rocky outcrops in Kasama forest reserve; particularly check for large caves or crevices among the rocks that might house Striped Leaf-nosed Bats or Smithers’s Horseshoe Bats. ▪ Where major bats roost (over 100 bats), especially near where threatened species are identified, do not undertake tree clearing within a radius of 1 km. Also, inspect all large trees (live or dead) with hollows for the presence of bats. Do not cut trees that are in use by bats nor the surrounding trees. Wait until the roost is deserted. Come monthly to the roosting site to verify, not more often. MINIMIZATION ─ Safeguard and clear all construction materials: all construction materials, particularly those used to reinforce structures, i.e., steel wires, should be safeguarded and cleared from worksites. ─ Remove cut materials or cut them into pieces small enough not to interfere with animal movements. ─ Prohibit workers from owning firearms and other hunting gear and raise awareness about endangered fauna species and the prohibition to engage in any kind of hunting or poaching. ─ Implement a biodiversity protection awareness program with workers to sensitize them on: ▪ The identity and behaviour of species likely to be encountered and prohibit workers from owning firearms and other hunting gear; ▪ The procedures for reporting animal sightings and protocols to follow when confronted by dangerous animals; ▪ The ills of illegal harvests and trade of wildlife; ▪ The risks of human-induced fire to local wildlife. ─ Put in place safety and security measures to protect workers from wild animals such as lions ─ Attach officers from the DNPW to the Project throughout the construction period. ─ Inform the Contractor's E&S specialist when endangered fauna species are observed. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-27 RESIDUAL IMPACTS ─ Potential loss of food sources (fruit trees), especially in the Kanona forest reserve, Nikole Mfumu forest reserve, and Kasama forest reserve, all places within the foraging range of known African Straw-coloured Fruit Bat roosts. COMPENSATION MEASURES AND ADDITIONAL CONSERVATION ACTIONS FOR TERRESTRIAL MAMMALS ─ Promote the use of fruit trees for African Straw-coloured Fruit Bats in the compensation plans for loss of natural and critical natural habitats: ▪ Including Ficus spp, Magnistipula butayeii, Parinari curatellifolia, Syzygium cordatum, Syzygium guineense guineense, Syzygium guineense huillense, Uapaca kirkiana, Uapaca banguelensis, and Uapaca sansibarica. ▪ This is especially important in the Kanona forest reserve, Chief Chipepo forest reserve, and Kasama forest reserve, all places within the foraging range of known African Straw-coloured Fruit Bat roosts. 4.1.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT The PIU E&S Manager will be supported by a biodiversity specialist. Together, they will be in charge of supervising all activities related to biodiversity monitoring and follow-up during construction and operation. This manager will work in close collaboration with the Contractor, in charge of managing activities related to biodiversity monitoring during construction. At PIU level, the biodiversity specialist’s responsibilities will include: ─ Provide any support in relation to biodiversity; ─ Supervise the implementation of the BMP; ─ Complete any required updates of the BMP; ─ Ensure that the Contractor complies with their respective commitments under the Biodiversity Action Plans; ─ Training of the Contractor and the PIU on the BMP; ─ Supervise all activities related to biodiversity monitoring and follow-up during construction and operation; ─ Make sure that all environmental incidents/claims are properly reported (as per the contractual obligations) and addressed by the Contractor; ─ Liaise with and supervise the activities of all biodiversity external experts who could be used by the Contractor; ─ Ensure that all biodiversity activities are properly implemented; ─ Monitor and report on the biodiversity activities; ─ Assist in the preparation of various reports and publications on biodiversity; ─ Look out for environmental non-conformity and assist in corrective actions. The PIU E&S Manager and biodiversity specialist will be supported by experts with the following qualifications to implement BMP measures that require field surveys and specific expertise: WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-28 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Botanist: this expert must be familiar with the flora of northern Zambia and have field experience in Zambia. He or she should have an advanced degree and at least five years’ experience in conducting field surveys for flora species of conservation concern. ─ Avifauna Specialist: this expert must have an advanced degree and at least five years of experience in conducting rapid bird surveys and should be familiar with the avifauna of eastern and southern Africa, including regional and global migratory species, and with bird migration patterns in the region. Familiarity with the avifauna of northern Zambia or southern Tanzania is a plus. He or she will need to be able to assess collision and electrocution risks posed by powerlines. ─ Bat Specialist. This expert must be familiar with the bat species found in northern Zambia, their habitats, flight patterns, and migrations. These experts must have advanced degrees and at least five years of experience in rapid field surveys and risk assessment. It is recommended that these experts be sought by contacting local NGOs (such as Birdlife Zambia), the Forestry Department, and local academic institutions. CONTRACTOR At the Contractor level, the person in charge of biodiversity will: ─ Ensure implementation of all measures set regarding biodiversity; ─ Monitor the activities related to biodiversity; ─ Prepare relevant reporting; ─ Evaluate the effectiveness of the actions; ─ Conduct site inspections and document verifications; ─ Participate in the improvement dynamic of the Contractor; ─ Assist the PIU in any other duties required by the environmental department; ─ Report to the PIU. The Contractor in charge of managing activities related to biodiversity monitoring during construction will be supported by local biodiversity specialists. ZESCO During operation, the implementation of BMP measures will be under ZESCO’s responsibility. ZESCO’s E&S Manager can be supported by biodiversity specialist and various experts to complete activities needing specific expertise. 4.1.6 MONITORING The most relevant measures described in this BMP will require the development of a plan for monitoring specific for the targeted species and habitats. Environmental and social monitoring, and if required, implementation of corrective actions, are carried out to ensure the required mitigation and compensation activities are being implemented and desired targets and outcomes are being achieved. More precisely, the aim of this Biodiversity Monitoring Program is to monitor the nature, extent, quality and spatial configuration of the biodiversity features identified in relation to Project impacts and to validate the efficiency of biodiversity management measures to be applied. A specific set of monitoring actions are required for each key risk and impact identified, notably to track net gain and no net loss. Given that there has been little biodiversity data collection and studies previously carried out or planned in the study area, this monitoring plan will demonstrate leading practices and provide valuable information on biodiversity in the region. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-29 Table 4-5 Summary Table of Biodiversity Monitoring Measures Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Critical habitat Complete additional Additional targeted surveys No impact on the species Along the powerline, in Prior to project E&S Manager PIU for Disa targeted surveys completed in all natural wet If impacts are unavoidable, all natural wet effectiveness Biodiversity Aequiloba Assess potential grassland and dambos compensation to achieve net grassland and dambos (surveys) Specialist losses Number of specimens gain Develop a identified compensation plan to Number of specimens achieve net gain if impacted by the Project needed. Critical habitat Complete additional Additional targeted surveys No impact on the species Along the powerline, in Prior to project E&S Manager PIU for Euphorbia targeted surveys completed in all rock outcrops If impacts are unavoidable, all rock outcrops in and effectiveness n Biodiversity perplexa var. Assess potential in and around Kasama forest compensation to achieve net around the Kasama (surveys) Specialist kasamana losses reserve gain forest reserve Develop a Number of specimens compensation plan to identified achieve net gain if Number of specimens needed. impacted by the Project Natural habitat Assess the total area Surface area of woodland Habitat losses within the Along the powerline During clearing E&S Manager PIU loss of natural habitat loss affected ROW and for associated alignment, particularly activities and Biodiversity once construction is Surface area of riverine forests infrastructure are accounted in the forest reserves once at the end Specialist completed. affected for. affected. of construction. Surface area of natural Compensation plans for loss wetlands affected of natural habitat are adapted according to results. Compensatory Evaluate the Total surface area of plantation Sufficient area of reforested In areas targeted for Annually for the E&S Manager PIU plantation and composition of plant and restoration areas to mitigate residual the compensation. first five years, Biodiversity (construction)/ restoration of communities within Success rate of tree planting. impacts on natural habitats In rehabilitated areas then once every Specialist: ZESCO natural habitat reforested and Survival rate of species of and critical natural habitats. (temporary roads and two years. In collaboration (operation) rehabilitated areas and work areas). conservation concern. with flora ensure tree planting specialist and and revegetation are Forestry successful. Department. Plant Evaluate the Composition of plant Follow the plant In the different types of Annually for the E&S Manager ZESCO communities composition of plant communities communities’ evolution after habitats found in the first five years, Biodiversity communities via flora Areas of degraded habitat eventual degradation from ROW, focussing on then once every Specialist: surveys (species openings and border effects. areas with higher two years. In collaboration diversity and Identification of invasive ecological integrity. with flora composition). species. specialist WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-30 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Invasive Alien Assess the presence Number of IAS Follow the presence and Sensitive habitats At least every 5 E&S Manager ZESCO Flora species and introduction of Surface area affected by IAS introduction of invasive alien within or adjacent to years. Biodiversity IAS. Evaluate species. the ROW. Specialist: disturbances of the Identify appropriate Reforested areas as In collaboration water’s physical and suppression and control part of a compensation with flora chemical measures if problematic plan. specialist characteristics and presence of IAS. effects on wetland specialist species and species of conservation interest. Bird and bat Comprehensive bird Bird and bat flight patterns Bird and bat migration routes Along the powerline Prior to project E&S Manager PIU migration and bat survey before Bird and bat corridors and local movement mapped alignment, particularly effectiveness Biodiversity routes and construction begins to Sensitive areas identified those areas where bird (surveys) Specialist local movement update information on activity is likely to be In collaboration the migration routes more prevalent, i.e., with bird and bat and local movement of High, Medium-High, specialists birds and bats. and Medium Sensitivity zones. Bird diversity Establish survey points Bird diversity Species diversity and Along the powerline Quarterly E&S Manager ZESCO and abundance within High, Medium- Bird abundance abundances are maintained. alignment, particularly surveys for the Biodiversity High, and Medium those areas where bird first five years of Specialist: sensitivity zones along activity is likely to be operation. Then, In collaboration powerline alignment to more prevalent, i.e., twice a year, with avifaunal assess diversity and High, Medium-High, during peak specialist, local density by means of and Medium Sensitivity periods of NGO. point counts and zones. activity by local vehicle-based surveys. NGOs and/or Point counts should ZESCO also be conducted in representatives. low-sensitivity zones to confirm the classification of this class in terms of diversity and abundance. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-31 Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Estimates of Observation stations Bird flight patterns Species are aware of the Along the powerline, Quarterly E&S Manager ZESCO bird activity along the powerline to powerline infrastructure and particularly those surveys for the Biodiversity along the document flight actively avoid powerlines in areas where bird first five years of Specialist: powerline patterns along the flight. activity is likely to be operation. Then, In collaboration powerline, species, more prevalent, i.e., twice a year, with an number of individuals, High, Medium-High, during peak avifaunal flight altitude, passage and Medium Sensitivity periods of specialist, local position relative to zones. activity by local NGO. wires, reactions, etc. NGOs and/or ZESCO representatives. Use of pylons Dedicated field Number of roosting/nesting Quality of supply is Along the powerline. Quarterly E&S Manager ZESCO or powerlines observations to identify birds on towers. maintained. surveys for the Biodiversity as roost or nest roosts and nest Species using the Efficacy of nesting platforms first five years. If Specialist: location locations on the infrastructure (if installed). nests are active, In collaboration electrical infrastructure Breeding success. monthly surveys with an and the analysis of this to assess avifaunal utilisation. breeding specialist, local success. NGO. Use of Dedicated bird surveys Bird diversity Use of rehabilitated areas Rehabilitated areas. Five years after E&S Manager ZESCO rehabilitated to assess bird diversity Bird abundance and planted trees, by birds. the rehabilitation, Biodiversity areas by birds and abundance. every two years. Specialist: In collaboration with an avifaunal specialist, local NGO. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-32 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Bird mortality Bird mortality Number of mortalities recorded No significant bird mortality A representative A minimum of 4 E&S Manager ZESCO as a result of monitoring should be Species impacted on powerline or within sample of mitigated times/year in the Biodiversity collisions with conducted to Number of trainings/training substations. and unmitigated first 5 years of Specialist: the powerline determine the mortality Ensure appropriate powerline spans within operation, then attendees In collaboration and rates of priority species mitigation measures are in High, Medium-High, ongoing with an electrocution within High, Medium- place and are effective in Medium, and Low monitoring will avifaunal within High, and Medium reducing mortality. sensitivity zones. be negotiated specialist, local substations sensitivity zones. Skills transfer to ZESCO Pensulo, Mpika, with ZESCO. NGO. Surveys should also be environmental officers and Kasama and Nakonde conducted in low- substation local NGO representatives. sensitivity zones to infrastructure. confirm this class as a low-risk area. Development of a bird mortality register and assess efficacity and durability of bird diverters. Development of a training program. Wildlife Validate the hunting Number of poaching records Avoid trafficking of bush In areas within a 5 km Ongoing. E&S Manager ZESCO poaching intensity for meat Species targeted meat hunted from the line's distance from existing Annual report to Biodiversity markets along the ROW and access roads. roads. be compiled. Specialist: ROW with wildlife No increase in illegal harvest In collaboration officers. of mammal species with mammal specialist Mammal Indirect survey Presence, abundance, and Mammal communities Along the powerline in During the wet E&S Manager ZESCO communities methods for large distribution of large mammal continue using the Project important ecological and dry seasons, Biodiversity mammals, i.e., spoor species utilizing habitats in the area habitats. biennially. Specialist: and scat counting ROW. No increase in illegal harvest In collaboration along tracks and roads Community composition and of mammal species with mammal in the ROW structure of surrogate taxa in specialist (presence/absence important ecological habitats in and abundance). the ROW. Direct survey methods for surrogate or indicator taxa in the ROW. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-33 Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Bat activity Recording bat activity Abundance and diversity of bat Use of Project area and Along the powerline Twice a year in E&S Manager ZESCO near the using mobile and static species rehabilitated areas by bats. and in rehabilitated different Biodiversity powerline bat detectors at areas. seasons. Specialist: selected locations In collaboration along the powerline. with bat Record bat numbers specialist using visual observation at two major roost sites. Bat mortality Monitoring of bat Number of mortalities recorded No significant bat mortality. Along the powerline. A minimum of 2 E&S Manager ZESCO monitoring mortality (in Species impacted times/year in the Biodiversity program partnership with local first 5 years of Specialist: communities or NGOs operation, then In collaboration and experts)/number of ongoing with bat dead specimens monitoring to be specialist (species involved) determined related to period and according to location. initial results. Development of a bat mortality register and a training program. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-34 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.1.7 DEVELOPMENT OF DETAILED BMP This section details activities to address gaps and confirm NG and NNL actions, and allow the finalisation of a detailed BMP and detailed compensation plan. These activities are all under the responsibility of the PIU. Several additional surveys are in fact proposed in this BMP to update baseline information for critical habitat species, as well as natural habitat and associated biodiversity values. These shall lead to the development of an updated detailed BMP, including a detailed biodiversity monitoring program to track net gain and no net loss and a detailed compensation plan for loss of natural and critical habitat. Table 4-6 Timelines of key actions to address gaps and confirm NG and NNL actions Actions Timeline Comprehensive, well-documented assessment of the existing biodiversity conditions in Prior to project effectiveness the project area. Includes biological baseline update for birds, bats and herpetofauna.) (January to July) Targeted surveys for critical habitat of Disa aequiloba. Prior to project effectiveness, between January and February (flowering season) Targeted surveys for critical habitat of Euphorbia perplexa var kasamana Prior to project effectiveness Update of Critical habitat assessment Prior to project effectiveness Undertake consultations with Forestry Department at national and district level to set Prior to project effectiveness compensation objectives for loss of natural habitat and assess their capacity building needs Preparation of an updated detailed BMP, including detailed Compensation Plan for Prior to project effectiveness Natural and Critical Habitat and biodiversity monitoring program. Conduct preconstruction inspections of the ROW for bird nests and bat roosts Before construction, just before vegetation clearing 4.2 CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.2.1 INTRODUCTION This Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMP) addresses the requirement of the ZTIP and its contractors to assess and manage risks and impacts related to heritage and culture. The CHMP requires contractors to establish management measures consistent with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) and the World Bank Group’s relevant standards. Other management plans that should be reviewed in tandem with the CHMP are the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan, the Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan and the Gender Based Violence Management Plan. The actions and measures that will be taken to minimize risks and impacts to Project affected communities (PACs) are derived from the Project ESIA and analysis of potential risks to cultural heritage components. Actions focus on key areas of concern raised in consultations, notably with NHCC, and from professional experience of similar Projects. A CHMP will be developed by the Contractor and ZESCO to manage and monitor potential cultural heritage issues arising during the Project cycle in line with World Bank ESS 8 and Zambian heritage legislation (National Heritage and Conservation Commission Act, No. 23 Of 1989). The CHMP will also include the preparation of a Project-specific, ‘site ready’ Chance Find Procedure (CFP), which enforces the reporting of any archaeological assets to the local authority within 24 hours of discovery. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-35 The CFP will set out the course of action to be followed in the event that any cultural heritage artifacts are discovered. The CFP will be provided to all contractors and consultants on the Project site and incorporated within the Project’s ‘site induction’ process. It will remain in place for the lifetime of the Project. The CHMP will also allow for: ─ Demarcation of ‘no go’ sensitive areas, e.g., known archeological components, sacred forests, sacred trees, sacred pools, medicinal bush, and cemeteries (i.e., mitigation by avoidance). Although these sites may not be directly affected by construction activities, there is a potential for disturbance of community access routes to cultural sites and to the environmental setting of the sites themselves; ─ Enhancement or protection of environmental setting may be required and should be discussed in conjunction with local community, e.g., through planting/screening; It may be necessary to demarcate areas to be avoided (e.g., by noisy, dust-inductive) construction vehicles at certain times of the day/year so as to avoid disturbance of traditional ceremonial activities in close proximity of construction routes; ─ Maintaining community access to sacred sites and facilitating respect for local intangible cultural heritage, tradition and taboo will ensure that the negative socio-cultural effects are effectively managed – regular platforms for community liaison are recommended in this regard. It is suggested that the presence of culturally significant places be highlighted to contractors at an early stage, e.g., during site induction; and ─ Continued liaison between the Project proponent and local cultural leaders to facilitate the identification of any cultural sites not yet shared by the community and potentially affected by the proposed Project. The CHMP must set out plans for stakeholder identification and a programme for long-term consultation in this regard. Several archaeological and cultural resources sites have been inventoried in the extended study area. This underlines the archaeological potential of the Project area. A key area of concern with regards to Cultural Heritage (CH) is that the proposed Project is proposed to pass through the Mwela Rock Art Site, a protected National Monument with rock paintings that are legally protected under the NHCC ACT Cap. 173 and are on the World Heritage Tentative List. During the fieldwork for this Heritage Impact Assessment led by NHCC (NHCC, 2020), a number of Physical Cultural Resources (PCRs) were identified in the study area in the vicinity of the proposed wayleave for the ZTIP. These resources and their locations are summarized in the table below. The study led by NHCC did not find any heritage resource within the wayleave. However, there are several heritage resources in the vicinity of the wayleave which are likely to be directly impacted by the project. There is also high potential for chance findings throughout Northern and Muchinga provinces. Additionally, there may be graveyards and burial sites located close to villages in the Project area. A shrine in form of a big tree located within the wayleave was identified in Mpasuka Village, in Mungwi district. 4.2.2 OBJECTIVES The objectives of the CHMP are to avoid known cultural heritage sites where necessary and practicable and where avoidance is not possible, manage cultural heritage sites in compliance with the requirements of World Bank ESS8 and of Zambian laws and regulations and in consultation with the National Heritage and Conservation Commission (NHCC) and local stakeholders. It covers both tangible and intangible cultural heritage. ─ Tangible cultural heritage, which includes movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. ─ Intangible cultural heritage, which includes practices, representation, expressions, knowledge, skills – as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts and cultural spaces associated therewith – that communities and groups recognize as part of their cultural heritage. More specifically, the CHMP objectives are to: ─ Mitigate potential impacts related to the loss of tangible cultural elements. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-36 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Collaborate with government bodies responsible for managing the national archaeological and tangible cultural heritage by collaborating with subject matter experts and using current mapping, research, and conservation methods. ─ Avoid delays in Project completion by engaging early in the Project cycle with national institutions and complying with national laws as well as international best practices. 4.2.3 REQUIREMENTS The CHMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments ─ National requirements, and ─ World Bank requirements Contractors will need to review and integrate ZESCO E&S management policies, procedures and commitments, in addition to any National or International requirements relevant for their (Contractor's) work scope and responsibilities. 4.2.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT ZESCO has developed the Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (April 2024). Article 8.1 (ESS - 8.1) within this document specifically requires a CHMP to be prepared by the Project proponent. 4.2.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS NATIONAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION COMMISSION ACT, NO. 23 OF 1989  READ TOGETHER WITH THE NATIONAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION COMMISSION (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2021 The Act provides for the conservation of ancient, cultural and natural heritage, relics and other objects of aesthetic, historical, pre-historical, archaeological or scientific interest, by preservation, restoration, rehabilitation, reconstruction, adaptive use and good management.  The Commission also provides regulations for archaeological excavation and export of relics. If a development is unable to proceed without affecting an item of heritage, permission must be sought from the National Heritage and Conservation Commission. The National Heritage Conservation Commission (Amendment) Act, 2021 (No 19 of 2021) amends the National Heritage Conservation Commission Act. This legislation aims to conserve ancient, cultural, and natural heritage, relics, and other objects of aesthetic, historical, prehistorical, archaeological, or scientific interest in Zambia. The original Act established the National Heritage Conservation Commission, defining its functions and powers, including the regulation of archaeological excavations and relic exports. CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF WORLD HERITAGE (1972) Zambia is a signatory to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO’s) Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage since 1983. The Convention aims to ensure the identification, protection, conservation, presentation, and transmission of the cultural and natural heritage to future generations. Cultural and natural heritage sites that may be identified during the implementation of the proposed Project will be protected and conserved in accordance with the provisions of the Convention. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-37 4.2.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 8 - CULTURAL HERITAGE The ESS 8 recognizes that cultural heritage provides continuity in tangible and intangible forms between the past, present, and future. People identify with cultural heritage as a reflection and expression of their constantly evolving values, beliefs, knowledge, and traditions. Cultural heritage, in its many manifestations, is important as a source of valuable scientific and historical information, as an economic and social asset for development, and as an integral part of people’s cultural identity and pra ctice. The ESS8 sets out measures designed to protect cultural heritage throughout the Project life cycle. 4.2.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES The following figure summarizes typical procedures to ensure the identification of cultural resources, the reduction of potential impacts, and the conservation of these resources. Figure 4-2 Process to ensure Preservation of Cultural Heritage Resources The proposed mitigation measures for the identified impacts are shown in Table 4-7 below. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-38 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 4-7 Cultural Heritage Management Measures Targets Management Measures Reduce disturbances caused by – Undertake community and household surveys to assess the importance of each site. moving sacred sites, burial – Integrate data on the location of sacred sites, burial sites or graves collected during field grounds, or graves. surveys, and stakeholder consultation activities into the GIS database. These data will be catalogued during the detailed ROW inventory. – Optimize the final line route to avoid sacred sites and burial grounds considered important by communities. – Provide communities and households with the financial and logistical means to plan rituals and relocate sites and graves that cannot be avoided by Project infrastructure. – Consult the village chiefs before carrying out the work to check one last time for the presence of sacred sites. – Maintain community access to sacred sites, where necessary, during the construction period. Access requirements shall be determined by the Archaeologist in consultation with local communities. – Respect local intangible cultural heritage, tradition and taboo during construction so as to ensure that the negative socio-cultural effects are effectively managed. Mitigate impacts on heritage – Map known heritage sites in the GIS database. features and sites. – Analyse the archaeological potential of the ROW. – Where possible, optimize the line route to avoid or minimize impacts on known cultural heritage features. – Develop a procedure for dealing with chance findings, and train all personnel involved in the Project on cultural heritage and the procedure in place. – Document archaeological finds and artifacts discoveries through the Chance Finds Procedure, including archaeological monitoring (surveillance mandate) during ground- disturbing activities. – Prohibit the collection of archaeological or other cultural artifacts found on site by Contractor personnel. Avoid and mitigate impacts on – Conduct line route optimization to avoid rock outcrops in proximity and within the Mwela the Mwela Rock Art site. Rock Art site. – The site boundaries should be be flagged for special attention. All construction team personnel, particularly operators of vehicles and heavy equipment, shall be made aware of the site and advised of its importance. – Locate and demarcated/fenced all physical cultural resources and rock arts in proximity of access roads, work areas and wayleave. – Conduct all works within the Mwela Rock Art site with an archeologist from the NHCC. – Identify access roads and work areas with the presence of an archeologist from the NHCC. A dedicated Transport Management Plan and strict work procedures within the site should be developed and implemented. – Continuously monitor project activities and excavations of areas greater than 1 meter. – Take a photographic record of existing conditions (including buildings, if any) prior to start of construction – Strictly define the construction footprint while working in the Mwela Rock Art site; enforcing ROW procedures wherein access roads are narrowed as much as feasibly possible. – Place laydown areas adjacent to footprint of construction areas; have the area fenced or taped such that a “no-encroachment” outside the area of construction is respected – Strictly enforce “no-encroachment” rules outside of footprint of construction activities; carry out training of personnel in this reqard. – Strictly implement waste management within the site. All rubble should be removed from the site. – Consider fencing footprint of construction areas when work is occurring within the bounds of Mwela Rock Paintings site. – Cover excavated materials within the Mwela Rock Art Site with erosion control blankets. – Rehabilitate all disturbed areas within the Mwela Rock Art site after completion of works. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-39 Targets Management Measures Follow measures proposed by – Locate new transmission facilities in adjacent to current structures to uphold the same National Heritage Conservation spacing and avoid irregular linear patterns that can be caused by adjacent conductors Commission to protect being in disharmony with each other. landscape at Mwela Rock Art – The transmission structures should be designed with a relatively narrow profile that site minimizes the amount of vegetation clearing required within the proposed power transmission corridor. – Maintain and/or restore vegetation at road crossings, with due respect to underlying landowner’s authority, to minimize or screen the view-down transmission corridors and concentrate or limit viewer attention in the immediate foreground. – Ensure that riparian vegetation is maintained and/or restoring at stream crossings, subject to underlying landowner permission to restore cleared areas with naturalistic landscaping. Preserve heritage properties – The Contractor shall minimize the risk of accidental damage to heritage sites by and sacred sites through a implementing the Chance Find Procedure (CFP) developed for this Project. chance finds procedure – The Contractor Personnel shall undertake training provided by a qualified specialist in order to improve their capability to identify archaeological and paleontological finds. 4.2.5 CHANCE FIND PROCEDURE A procedure for dealing with chance finds must be implemented by the Contractor throughout the duration of construction activities, particularly during all activities involving ground disturbance. The aim of the Chance Finds Procedure is to recognize and identify sites, objects, or features of heritage interest that have not yet been listed, and to protect them from any damages caused by Project activities. The procedure applies to all potential cultural heritage objects, features or sites identified during the removal of vegetation or ground surface works or any other Project-related activities. The Chance Finds Procedure (CFP) complements other previously identified mitigation measures to protect elements that were not discovered during pre-construction surveys. The CFP requires an archaeologist to be dispatched to the work site and available to intervene during all ground-disturbing activities. The archaeologist is expected to manage the two types of discoveries that can be made during work: ─ Chance finds with cultural heritage value; and ─ Chance finds without cultural heritage value. All Contractor staff could make an accidental discovery in the course of their duties, which must be assessed by an archaeologist to confirm its cultural heritage value. Discoveries without cultural heritage value may include modern objects or features as well as isolated artifacts. An isolated artifact, however, may indicate the presence of nearby underground or above-ground heritage sites, which is why an archaeologist must carry out an assessment. Distinguishing between the two types of chance finds requires the expertise of an archaeologist. This procedure interprets finds as potential indicators of sites rather than assigning them individual significance. In the case of a chance find, Project activities will be suspended temporarily in the vicinity and the area will be marked appropriately as to be avoided. Site supervisors, field personnel and staff will be notified, as will the Environmental, Health and Safety Manager. Representatives of the National Heritage Conservation Commission will also be notified so that appropriate intervention strategies can be developed and approved. Potential intervention strategies include on-site conservation by modifying the Project design, using specialized construction techniques, or excavating and removing the artifact. Once the agreed approach and the required work have been completed, authorization to resume Project activities will be granted. The procedure in the event of a chance find is as follows: 1 Stop work in the immediate area. 2 Notify the site supervisor or foreman. 3 Define the exclusion area required to protect the discovery. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-40 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4 Install temporary site protection measures (warning tape, fencing, access restriction signs, etc.). 5 Inform all personnel of the possibility of a chance find and the presence of a restricted area. 6 Inform the EHS Manager from the PIU. 7 Take photographs of the discovery 8 Have an archaeologist carry out a preliminary assessment to determine whether the chance find is of cultural heritage interest and, if so, whether it is an isolated object or part of a larger site or feature. 9 Leave artifacts in place when possible. If artifacts are moved, they will be bagged and labeled by an archaeologist, then transported to the appropriate facility (archaeological or anthropological institute). Project personnel are not authorized to handle or keep artifacts for personal use. 10 Document finds with photos, notes, GPS coordinates, and maps as appropriate. 11 If the chance find is an isolated object or has no cultural heritage value, the archaeologist will authorize the removal of site protection measures and activities can resume. 12 If the archaeologist confirms that the chance find has cultural heritage value, the appropriate institution (institute of archaeology or anthropology) will be informed to determine the procedures to be undertaken. 13 Prepare and use a Chance Find Report template (for all chance finds, with or without cultural heritage value) and include location data. 14 Establish an action plan in collaboration with qualified archaeologists or cultural heritage managers hired by the Project promoter. 15 When a chance find proves to be of cultural heritage value, complete the Chance Find Report at the end of the procedures. 16 Throughout the procedures, keep on-site personnel informed of the status of the research and the expected timetable, as well as when work can resume. Artifacts collected in connection with chance finds will be minimized. Those retained because they are accidentally unearthed or broken free of their soil matrix should be retained with a precise notation of their original location, and photographs should be taken in their original context. Photographs of artifacts and sites may be useful and should be taken as soon as possible. Artifacts, associated notes, and photographs taken by Project personnel must be handed over to the Environmental, Health and Safety manager. The local government owns the artifacts, and Project personnel will be responsible for transferring the material to the appropriate authorities. 4.2.6 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CONTRACTOR The Contractor hired to carry out the activities related to the Project life cycle must comply with the following obligations: ─ Communicate with the Proponent and respond to issues related to the implementation of the management plan. ─ Ensure that all subcontractors employ equipment, practices and methods of construction that comply with the E&S standards enunciated above, and, in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners and the public. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-41 ─ Implement the mitigation measures contained in the plan as well as techniques and methods to achieve management outcomes. The Contractor shall make efforts to minimize damage to the environment, control waste, avoid pollution and all other aspects that impact the environment associated with the Project. ─ Ensure the effective implementation of strategies designed to mitigate all Project impacts through communication with site staff and contractors. The Contractor is responsible for the development & implementation of the CHMP and following its provisions. As part of these requirements, the Contractor shall: ─ Provide cultural heritage awareness training to staff with the potential to encounter tangible or intangible cultural heritage resources during their day-to-day activities. ─ Provide cultural heritage training and utilize cultural heritage monitors to observe construction activities. ─ Identify and report potential chance finds to an Archaeologist. Complete personnel required and roles and responsibilities for the implementation of the CHMP will be assigned by the contractors will be assigned during the development of the CHMP. However, it is anticipated that the following personnel will be required to implement the CHMP when required: ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGER The EHS Manager is responsible for ensuring the implementation of the CHMP and shall: ─ Ensure the Contractor has provided a licensed Archaeologist who will be responsible for monitoring soil disturbance activities during the pre-construction and construction phases as per the approved Environmental Impact Statement Report. ─ Coordinate the communication between various stakeholders and the Contractor. ─ Ensure the CHMP activities are aligned with Project health and safety standards and procedures and all other contractual requirements. ─ Conduct regular audits/reviews of CHMP implementation and reporting. ─ Participate in and/or facilitate consultations with cultural heritage stakeholders, including government agencies/regulators, community leaders, and other cultural heritage stakeholders where required. ARCHEOLOGIST (AND/OR OTHER SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS) An archeologist should be appointed by the Contractor and shall: ─ Be responsible for prospecting and excavation operations. ─ Provide full support to the competent authorities or their representatives for work supervision. ─ Prepare reports of the results of the archaeological work carried out. ─ Maintain a database of excavations, operations data and an inventory of the archaeological elements. ─ Monitoring construction activities to avoid damage to known cultural heritage resources. ─ Provide training to Contractor personnel of finds. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-42 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE COMMUNITY LIAISON OFFICER Community Liaison Officers (CLOs) shall be appointed under the Contractor’s staff as the principal interface between the community and the Contractor during construction. The CLO(s) shall be full-time employees for the period of the contract. The CLO(s) shall act as a guide and advisor to the Contractor regarding the ESMP concerning communication and local community issues. This shall be achieved by ongoing liaison with and monitoring relations with communities, identification of problem areas, and support for their resolution. Responsibilities of the CLO shall be set by the proponent and will include the following: ─ To keep communities informed about upcoming construction activities and progress with construction. ─ To arrange occasional visits to construction sites for District Government and community leaders. ─ To provide educational programmes on traffic safety to communities near or on access routes that will be used by construction vehicles. ─ To liaise between ZESCO, the community and NGOs/service providers implementing community Projects for the construction phase. ─ To communicate and manage the Complaints Register. ─ Prepare monthly reports with the ESO. ─ Provide guidance on and evaluate the implementation of the social aspects of the ESMP. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ALL SITE WORKERS (INCLUDING SUBCONTRACTORS) In the event that a Chance Find is observed and/or disturbed, site workers will prevent the illegal disturbance of archaeological material and will apply the Chance Find Procedure. 4.2.7 MONITORING A monitoring program will be developed within CHMP by the Contractor to ensure that proposed actions are implemented and also that any cultural heritage resources are preserved or managed according to identified actions, particularly with community leaders and NHCC. It will serve to determine the performance of the proposed actions. Table 4-8 proposes the cultural heritage monitoring plan framework with identified indicators. The monitoring plan framework will need to be validated by the Contractor prior to Project implementation. It will evolve and be adapted by the Contractor over time to address any unexpected changes or impacts. The table below lists the main E&S monitoring measures to be applied during the construction phase. It is important to note that the monitoring obligations below are meant to correlate with the Project-related impacts and mitigation measures. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-43 Table 4-8 Cultural Heritage Monitoring Plan Framework Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Loss of cultural Prepare, update and communicate the Records of correspondence – update IFC Performance Project Quarterly, for EHS Manager PIU heritage sites Project-specific Cultural Heritage Cultural Heritage Management Plan Standard 8: Cultural footprint and the first year. Archaeologist Management Plan – to include a Chance (CHMP) Heritage surrounding Annually for Find Procedure. area remainder. Cultural Train key personnel to identify Records of training of key personnel to No complaints Project Ongoing EHS Manager PIU Awareness cultural/archaeological artifacts identify cultural/archaeological artifacts registered footprint and watching Archeologist Training (number of cultural inductions conducted surrounding brief and number of personnel trained on area specific cultural heritage scope, i.e., "spotters”) Record of communication with communities to verify location of sacred sites when construction is within 100 m of a known cultural heritage site. Compliments and Complaints Register Changes to the Monitor visual, sound and air quality Evidence/records of visual assessments, Continued access to Project Quarterly, for EHS Manager PIU environmental changes, monitor changes to infrastructure evidence of implemented cultural sites footprint and the first year. setting of plans/access routes and associated mitigation/improvements and community surrounding Annually for cultural sites, development. Facilitate community consultation in this regard – update area remainder. loss of site consultation in this regard. Cultural Heritage Management Plan access (CHMP). Chance finds Archeologist to oversee and assess as to Compliance with Chance Find Procedure IFC Performance Construction Ongoing EHS Manager PIU Procedure whether any cultural heritage sites are and subsequent recommendations by Standard 8: Cultural area throughout Archeologist being negatively impacted and to specialist where artifacts are found. Heritage the implement the chance finds procedure in construction the case of any archaeological artifact’s phase discovery. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-44 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.3 COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.3.1 INTRODUCTION This Community Health and Safety Management Plan (CHSMP) addresses the requirement of the ZTIP and its contractors to assess and manage risks and impacts to community health and safety. The CHSMP requires contractors to establish management measures consistent with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP), such as World Bank Group’s Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines (WBG, 2007b) and relevant sections of the International Finance Corporation’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution (WBG, 2007a). Other management plans that should be reviewed in tandem with the CHSMP are the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan, the Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan and the Gender Based Violence Management Plan. The CHSMP sets out the actions and measures that the Contractor and subcontractors shall undertake to comply with national requirements, WB requirements and GIIP. The actions and measures that will be taken to minimize risks and impacts to Project affected communities (PACs) are derived from the Project Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and analysis of potential risks to community health and safety. Actions focus on key areas of concern raised in consultations and from the professional experience of similar Projects. Key areas of concern are: ─ Supply reduction in ecosystem services for local communities and increased pressure on natural resources; ─ Risks of increased incidences of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS; ─ Risks of sexual abuse by workers and especially child abuse; ─ Risks of abuse by contractors hiring underage workers (child labor); ─ Accidents and physical injuries involving workers or residents; ─ Risks of accidents when trucks use community roads; ─ Increased stress related to nuisances (noise, dust, and air pollution). Of note, while the CHSMP addresses potential risks and impacts on communities that are near the Project and that may be affected by Project activities, the Plan’s goals overlap with some of those in the Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP), considering part of the workforce will be from local communities. Control measures at work sites that effectively reduce the transmission of communicable diseases between the Project workforce and communities are imperative to protect family members and others from illness, and these measures are described in the OHSMP. 4.3.2 OBJECTIVES The CHSMP ensures compliance with national and client safety regulations, identifies potential hazards, assesses risks, and implements controls to prevent accidents, incidents and/or major events involving the community. Additionally, it outlines measures to protect the health and safety of communities interfacing with on-site work Project. This plan applies to all on-site work activities during both the preconstruction and construction/operations phases, which the Contractor executes. Additionally, it covers activities during both the operation and decommissioning phases, which ZESCO will manage. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-45 4.3.3 REQUIREMENTS The CHSMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments; ─ National requirements; and ─ World Bank requirements. ─ World Bank Group’s Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines , including : ▪ General EHS Guidelines (WBG, 2007b); ▪ EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution (WBG, 2007a). Contractors will need to review the proponent's (ZESCO) E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant for their (Contractor's) work scope and responsibilities. 4.3.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Within the Project proponent’s Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project (ZTIP) Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (April 2024), “Local Communities” are listed as a stakeholder. Hence, contractors will be required to develop and implement a CHSMP. 4.3.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND POLLUTION CONTROL (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT) REGULATIONS, STATUTORY INSTRUMENT NO. 28 OF 1997 The Environmental Protection and Pollution Control (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations require Project developers to seek the views of affected communities. In accordance with article 10 of the Regulations, the Project must be publicised in mass media in a language that is understood by affected communities. The effects and benefits of the Project must be disclosed and communication must be done at regular intervals throughout the EIA process. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT 2010 Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, it is the duty of the employer to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of employees while they are at the workplace. The Act requires that an employee be placed and kept in a work environment that aligns with the employee's physical, physiological and psychological ability. The employer must provide a work environment that is safe and without risk to the health and safety of the employees within their workplace. SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS STANDARDS FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR (STANDARD 4 ON COMMUNITY PROTECTION AND EMPOWERMENT) According to Standard 4 of the Ministry of Energy (MOE) Social Safeguard Framework, a community health programme focused on communicable diseases, sexual and reproductive health and rights, and alcohol abuse should be included as a mandatory component in the bidding documents. The Contractor must also sensitize the population on possible positive and negative impacts related to labour influx. Affected communities should also be informed about the content of the Code of Conduct focusing on the expected behaviour of Project staff towards community members. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-46 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.3.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 4 - COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY The ESS 4 recognizes that Project activities, equipment, and infrastructure can increase exposure to risks and impacts for the communities. Those that are already subject to impacts from climate change may also experience an acceleration or intensification of impacts due to Project activities. The ESS 4 addresses the health, safety, and security risks and impacts on Project-affected communities and the corresponding responsibility of Borrowers to avoid or minimize these risks and impacts. Particular attention must be given to vulnerable people. The ESS 4 aims to: ─ Anticipate and avoid adverse impacts on the health and safety of Project-affected communities during the Project life cycle. ─ Promote quality and safety, and considerations relating to climate change in the design and construction of infrastructure. ─ Avoid or minimize community exposure to Project-related traffic and road safety risks, diseases, and hazardous materials. ─ Have in place effective measures to address emergency events. ─ Ensure that the safeguarding of personnel and property is carried out in a manner that avoids or minimizes risks to the Project-affected communities. IFC ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, AND SAFETY GUIDELINES The WBG Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines include community health, safety and security aspects. The guidelines address aspects related to general guidelines and some guidelines specific to power transmission: ─ Water quality and availability – preventing adverse impacts to the quality and availability of groundwater and surface water resources, and protecting drinking water sources, whether public or private, at all times. ─ Structural safety of Project infrastructure – reducing potential hazards posed to the public while accessing Project facilities, and undertaking hazard analysis to identify opportunities to reduce the consequences of a failure or accident. ─ Life and fire safety – design, construction and operation of all new buildings accessible to the public in accordance with building codes, fire regulations, legal/insurance requirements, and an internationally accepted life and fire safety standard. Fire prevention means of egress (design measures that facilitate safe evacuation in case of an emergency), detection and alarm systems, and an emergency response plan are important elements of the life and fire safety provisions (best practice standards will be adopted). ─ Avoid or minimize exposure to the Electromagnetic fields (EMF) for the public. ─ Prevent public contact with potentially dangerous equipment. ─ Avoid impact on aircraft safety directly through collision or indirectly through radar interference. ─ Traffic safety – preventing traffic accidents and promoting traffic safety of all Project personnel and community. ─ Transport of hazardous materials – establishing procedures to ensure compliance with local laws and international requirements applicable to the transportation of hazardous materials, as well as measures presented for preventing or minimising the consequences of catastrophic releases of hazardous materials. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-47 ─ Disease prevention – preventing the occurrence and spread of communicable diseases, including surveillance, active screening and treatment of workers, undertaking health awareness and education initiatives in local communities, and providing health services. ─ Emergency preparedness and response – preparing Emergency Preparedness and Response plans commensurate with the risks of the facility, including provisions for communication systems, community notification, media and agency relations, medical services and government capacity and collaboration. 4.3.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS This section describes the management actions required to ensure that contractors and subcontractors adopt and comply with the Project Community Health and Safety Management Plan, national requirements, and international best practice standards. The Contractor will be required to implement management measures and safety requirements commensurate to the scope of works with regards to: ─ General Community Health & Safety Awareness ─ Road safety ─ Presence of electrical equipment ─ Presence of security personnel ─ Exposure to communicable diseases ─ Prevention of waterborne diseases ─ Population influx (arrival of workers) and related issues ─ Gender-based violence ─ Water, natural resources, air and noise These are discussed below. 4.3.4.1 GENERAL COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY The Community Health and Safety plan should be developed and implemented throughout the entire Project life cycle. This plan should cover, at a minimum, the following aspects: ─ Develop and implement a communication process that describes specific measures to maintain good relations with Project affected communities, raise awareness of issues related to their health, safety and well-being, and develop clear communication protocols, as outlined in the Stakeholder Engagement Plan for the Zambia Tanzania Interconnector Project (April, 2024). ─ Develop and implement community education and awareness initiatives related to the risks of wildlife interaction (e.g., snakes and other animals) during bush clearing and construction activities as appropriate. ─ Ensure adequate and appropriate access control and temporary fencing of open excavations and construction sites are implemented during construction. Barriers will have high-visibility warning signs in English and the main local language with supporting graphics and pictograms. Signage will be in accordance with internationally accepted symbols and/or be well-known to local communities. ─ Restrict Project land use to the line’s ROW to avoid conflict with local communities and Project developers. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-48 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Clear first aid protocol should be identified according to the type of injury/wound. A dedicated staff should be trained to first aid and act as medical first responders at construction sites during pre-construction and construction phases. ─ The Contractor H&S manager (or a delegate) will provide education/training sessions in every community potentially affected by health, safety, and security hazards related to the Project. Relevant contractors will be expected to participate in some health awareness events with local communities during the construction phase. ─ Community Liaison officer(s) will work with local health departments and administrators to inform them of Project schedule and activities and get their input on health issues and awareness raising. ─ The Contractor’s H&S manager will be responsible for regular inspections at the site and maintain appropriate records. ─ Increase security in the Project area (security personnel, lighting, and signage) during the construction phase as required. 4.3.4.2 ROAD SAFETY Various vehicles and machinery will be circulating on local and main access roads in the vicinity of the Project, increasing the risk of interaction with local community members. The following measures should minimally be considered in the Plan: ─ Develop and implement a community road safety campaign in collaboration with local Road authorities, with the aim of helping local residents avoid traffic accidents and incidents. Printed materials, including posters, leaflets, and other visual communication, will be prepared and disseminated through designated venues in the community. ─ Location of pathways and safe crossings should be decided in consultation with communities (community leadership, local administration, etc.) and communicated broadly to communities through an organized campaign. ─ Develop and implement a traffic management plan that considers pedestrians and vehicles, including heavy- duty ones, to prevent the risk of a person being struck by a vehicle or a collision between vehicles. The traffic management plan will also manage and outline safe instructions regarding the entrance and exit of heavy- duty vehicles to the construction areas. ─ Provide adequate signage to inform the public of access restrictions and temporary and permanent detours to bypass work areas and built infrastructure. ─ Provide access to businesses and services during the works. ─ Maintain free and safe access for population mobility or provide safe bypass routes where necessary. 4.3.4.3 PRESENCE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT The eventual electrification of the new high-tension powerline and substation represents a new risk for community members. The following measures should minimally be considered in the Plan: ─ Develop and implement community safety campaigns and initiatives with the aim of helping local residents avoid accidents and incidents in relation to high-tension electrical equipment. Communication on electrical equipment will be prepared and disseminated through designated venues in the community. Printed materials will be prepared and disseminated through health clinics and other venues, including posters, leaflets, and other visual communication. ─ Inform the community about the potential risks associated with high-voltage power lines and explain the importance of maintaining a safe distance from these lines. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-49 ─ Raise awareness through community meetings, educational materials, and local media and involve community leaders, and local organizations in spreading safety messages. ─ Install clear signs indicating the danger and advising people to stay away from the power lines. ─ Install physical barriers (such as fences or hedges) around the power line areas (and other areas where required) to prevent unauthorized access. ─ Install markers to minimize risk of low-flying aircrafts where relevant in collaboration with Zambia Civil Aviation Authority. ─ Organize training sessions for communities on how to rescue an electrified or electrocuted person. 4.3.4.4 PRESENCE OF SECURITY PERSONNEL In some cases, security personnel may be required on the construction site. Proactive communication, community engagement and grievance redress are necessary to ensure that security provisions on construction sites are carried out responsibly (IFC, 2017). When hiring a security firm, appropriate due diligence should be undertaken for vetting the security agency as well as security personnel whether a private security firm or public agency be hired. The vetting process should aim to ensure that the security firm and its security agents do not have a history of abuse, including any action that would endanger the safety and security of persons. Furthermore, it should be validated that the security firm: ─ Has a code of conduct with clear behavioural commitments, clear and efficient disciplinary procedures, and a grievance mechanism in place. ─ Provides regular training to its staff (the type, frequency and completion rates should be sought). ─ Has a clear policy on the use of weapons, including a log of weapons, including firearms and nonlethal weapons, and clear procedures as to who, why, and when they should be used. Additionally, the following measures should be considered in the Community Health and Safety Management Plan to ensure communities’ safety in the presence of security personnel : ─ Make sure community members know where to address complaints about the conduct of security personnel. ─ Raise awareness of security personnel regarding culturally specific gender issues to reduce women’s exposure to risks of harassment and sexual violence. ─ Consider hiring female security guards, especially in areas where a lot of interaction between security personnel and community members is expected. ─ Ensure that the intensity of security responses correspond to the nature and gravity of threats or offense. It should be noted that, if the hiring of security personnel is deemed necessary for the Project, a Security Management Plan should be developed and implemented by the Contractor (during construction) or by ZESCO (during operation). The content and objectives of this plan should comply with the World Bank’s ESS4 as well as IFC’s Good Practice Note on Assessing and Managing the Risks and Impacts of the Use of Security Personnel (2018). Namely, it should outline the objectives and approach, refer to the standards and good international practice, provide an overview of the security situation and risks, describe the approach in terms of security, detail the security operating procedures, discuss supervision and control, and identify measures for private security management and public security. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-50 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.3.4.5 EXPOSURE TO COMMUNICABLE DISEASES The influx of workers from other areas of the country and from other countries increases the risk of local community members being exposed to communicable diseases. The following measures should minimally be considered in the Plan: ─ HIV prevalence has shown a sustained decline in recent years. The prevalence of HIV is higher among Most- At-Risk Populations (MARPS), including commercial sex workers, and people who inject drugs. Hotspots for HIV transmission should be identified; they will likely be located along major transport routes and workers’ camps/accommodations used by the Project. ─ Provide awareness-raising education and outreach events on health issues such as STI/HIV prevention and communicable disease prevention for communities near the construction sites. This can be conducted by the company occupational physician, the local health staff, or local associations. ─ Put in place a Code of Conduct for workers. Prevention of communicable diseases should be part of the Code of Conduct. ─ Encourage workers to adopt safe sexual practices and other health-related practices (e.g., hand and food hygiene). ─ Health screening for workers should be put into place. However, testing for HIV is strictly voluntary. ─ Involve the District Aids Task Forces in HIV mitigation programmes to facilitate implementation at the local scale. ─ In the event of an outbreak during Project implementation, standard operating procedures in line with national guidance and applicable good international industry practices should be followed. 4.3.4.6 PREVENTION OF WATERBORNE DISEASES Land disturbance, excavation work, and movement of heavy machinery may all favor waterborne disease through the creation of depressions and ruts where water may accumulate. The following measures should minimally be considered in the Plan: ─ Develop and implement larval and source control management plans for both malaria and potential arboviral diseases to include designs and plans (good housekeeping and waste management) to reduce the potential for water collections in man-made containers at the laydown yards and work areas (e.g., tyres). ─ Develop and maintain strict environmental controls around earth works and related construction activities to prevent and reduce the creation of potential vector breeding habitats. ─ Provide awareness and education on waterborne diseases and the best hygiene practices to adopt. ─ Inform the communities about the different prevention measures that the Contractor has implemented and will implement to prevent waterborne diseases during the construction phase. ─ Develop, implement, and maintain a workplace malaria and vector control program that includes: ▪ Vector control (environmental and chemical as required); ▪ Awareness and education; ▪ Bite prevention (insect repellant, bed nets in commercial accommodation); ▪ Chemoprophylaxis for non-immune workers, as necessary; ▪ Effective diagnosis; and ▪ Effective reporting/stewardship of program interventions and burden of disease trends. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-51 4.3.4.7 POPULATION INFLUX AND HEALTH ISSUES The job potential and commercial opportunities associated with the Project and the concentration of workers may induce a local population influx, which may introduce or worsen existing health issues. The following measures should minimally be considered in the Plan: ─ Develop and implement a worker’s code of conduct (see Section 4.10) describing the expected behaviours of all workers. This includes engagement and interaction with PACs and interaction between local workforce and incoming workforce to manage inappropriate relations between parties. Compliance with worker code of conduct will be a contractual requirement for all workers, including subcontractors. The workers code of conduct must be developed to manage transgressions within Project disciplinary procedures and structures. ─ Ensure workers code of conduct will be applicable to local long-distance drivers, including subcontractors. Designated rest stops for drivers shall be identified, and exclusive use shall be enforced. ─ Verify with health authorities for tracking influx and issues related to health; verify with police services for increases in illegal drug sales and use and increased incidents of alcohol-related incidents (e.g., fights). 4.3.4.8 GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE Refer to the Gender-Based Violence Management Plan in section 4.8. 4.3.4.9 WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES, AIR AND NOISE The vehicle and machinery movements associated with the construction and operation of the electrical line and substations, as well as the presence of workers (especially during the construction phase), will increase the generation of nuisance (noise, dust) and the pressure on local resources. The following measures should minimally be considered in the plan: ─ Develop and implement site-specific water management plans to avoid Project water use impacting the local population’s water supply and manage the potential of surface–and groundwater and soil, which can potentially pollute superficial groundwater sources. ─ Maintain effective communication procedures and community grievance redress mechanisms related to air quality, water quantity and quality, and noise exposure. ─ Dust suppression measures shall be implemented to minimize impacts to local communities and land as well as resource users with activities near the Project. These measures might include but are not limited to: ▪ Systematically cover trucks transporting rubble or other materials to limit dust generation. ▪ Ensure maintenance of vehicles and equipment used to limit the production of exhaust fumes rich in CO and CO2. ▪ Limit vehicle speed in dust-sensitive areas (residential zones). ─ Noise suppression measures will be taken, including the use of noise berms, routine and ongoing equipment maintenance, and control of working hours). These measures might include but are not limited to: ▪ Require the Contractor to select equipment regarding noise emission levels. ▪ Avoid night work as much as possible. ▪ Limit traffic speed to reduce noise near communities. ▪ Set up schedules and procedures to minimize noisy work (working hours for noisy work from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m.). ▪ Use low-noise equipment and tools and respect the national/international noise limits. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-52 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ▪ Ensure that high-noise equipment, such as diesel engines, compressors, etc., are enclosed. ▪ Containers holding liquids such as fuels or other potentially hazardous liquids will be bunded to 110% of the container’s volume. 4.3.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CONTRACTOR The Contractor hired to carry out the activities related to the Project life cycle must comply with the following obligations: ─ Communicate with the Proponent and respond to issues related to the implementation of the management plan. ─ Ensure that all subcontractors employ equipment, practices and methods of construction that comply with the E&S standards enunciated above, and, in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners and the public. ─ Implement the mitigation measures contained in the plan as well as techniques and methods to achieve management outcomes. The Contractor shall make efforts to minimize damage to the environment, control waste, avoid pollution and all other aspects that impact the environment associated with the Project. ─ Ensure the effective implementation of strategies designed to mitigate all Project impacts through communication with site staff and contractors. The Contractor is responsible for development and implementation of the CHSMP and following its provisions. As part of these requirements, the Contractor shall: ─ Provide awareness and training of the plan to all stakeholders as required. ─ Regularly communicate planned construction activities to mitigate any potential non-compliances to the CHSMP. COMMUNITY LIASON OFFICER (CLO) ─ Community Liaison Officers (CLOs) shall be appointed under the Contractor’s staff as the principal interface between the community and the Contractor during construction. The CLO(s) shall be full time employees for the period of the contract. The CLO(s) shall act as a guide and advisor to the Contractor in respect of the ESMP concerning communication and local community issues. This shall be achieved by ongoing liaison with and monitoring of relations with communities, identification of problem areas and supporting their resolution. With regards to liaising and monitoring of community relations, the CLO will organize meeting (education/training) sessions in every community as potentially affected by health, safety and security hazards related to the Project. Such meeting sessions will have the objectives of informing the communities of ongoing construction progress and activities. Responsibilities of the CLO will include the following: ─ Keep communities informed about upcoming construction activities and progress with construction. ─ To arrange occasional visits to construction sites for District Government and community leaders. ─ To provide traffic safety educational programmes to those communities near or on access routes that will be used by construction vehicles. ─ To liaise between ZESCO the community and NGOs/service providers implementing community Projects for the construction phase ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-53 ─ To communicate and manage the Grievance Register ─ Prepare monthly reports. ─ Provide guidance on and evaluate the implementation of the social aspects of the plan. ─ Develop and co-ordinate a governance framework to guide the implementation and subsequent monitoring and evaluation of the CHSMP including constituting multi-disciplinary committee(s) as necessary. ─ To liaise between ZESCO, the community and NGOs/service providers implementing community Projects for the construction phase. ─ To communicate and manage the Compliments and Complaints Register. ─ Prepare monthly reports, ─ Provide guidance on and evaluate the implementation of the social aspects of the ESMP. ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGER The EHS manager will: ─ Implement and review the Project CHSMP. ─ Implement and review the CHSMP in response to onsite and offsite accidents and emergencies, associated to, and unrelated to the Project (when required). ─ Implement and review safety initiatives that are especially relevant for workers. ─ Implement and review the environmental and social management plan(s), with consideration for potential human health risks. HEALTH AND SAFETY SPECIALIST The HS specialist is responsible for also implementing and reviewing the environmental management plan, with consideration for potential human health risks, and to: ─ Review the community participatory environment monitoring system and grievance register and respond to potential human health risks. ─ Implement and review the plans related to water (and other natural resources) as well as those related to air quality, road waste management and noise. ─ Manage ground disturbance and other potential vector breeding sites to reduce the risk for the development of vector related diseases. COMMUNITY LIAISON OFFICER RESPONSIBILITIES OF ALL SITE WORKERS (INCLUDING SUBCONTRACTORS) ─ Follow all instructions issued by management regarding all aspects of the CHSMP. Management communications to site workers regarding the CHSMP will be through the implementation of training workshops. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-54 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.3.6 MONITORING A monitoring program will be developed within this Plan by the Contractor to ensure proposed actions are implemented, all activities are documented, and any glitches in the system are rapidly identified and adjusted. It will serve to determine performance of the proposed actions. Table 4-9 proposes the community health and safety monitoring plan framework with identified indicators. The monitoring plan framework will need to be validated by the Contractor prior to Project implementation. It will evolve and be adapted by the Contractor over time to address any unexpected changes or impacts. The table below lists the main E&S monitoring measures to be applied during the construction phase. It is important to note that the monitoring obligations below are meant to correlate with the Project-related impacts and mitigation measures. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-55 Table 4-9 Community Health and Safety Monitoring Plan Framework Monitored Standards/ Supervision Method Indicators Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Targets Safety and public Analysis of the register ─ Number of ─ No major injuries Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU health of injuries/accidents complaints or accidents. preconstruction and within communities ─ Number of construction activities. (including their type accident involving and cause). communities related to the Project ─ Number of people injured due to Project activities. Analysis of grievances Number of grievances ─ No major Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU about the security registered about complaints. preconstruction and personnel and their security personnel. construction activities. interaction with community members. Analysis of the number Number of outbreak ─ No major Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU of disease outbreak episodes. outbreaks. preconstruction and episodes that may be construction activities. linked to the Project. Analysis of the register Number of underage ─ No case of Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU of underage sex cases sex cases. underage sex. preconstruction and within communities. construction activities. Analysis of the register Number of child labour ─ No case of child Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU of child labour cases cases. labour. preconstruction and within communities. construction activities. ─ Analysis of the HIV/AIDS prevalence ─ No increase in Entire Project area. Continuously during EHS Manager PIU register of rate increase. prevalence preconstruction and HIV/AIDS cases rates. construction activities. within communities. ─ Comparison of prevalence rates before and after construction. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-56 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.4.1 INTRODUCTION This Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) addresses the requirement of the ZTIP and its contractors to assess and manage risks and impacts to workers' health and safety. The OHSMP requires the contractors to establish management measures consistent with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP), such as the World Bank Group’s Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines (WBG, 2007b).and relevant sections of the International Finance Corporation’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution (WBG, 2007a). Other management plans that should be reviewed in tandem with the OHSMP are the Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan, and the Community Health and Safety Management Plan. All contractors shall develop and implement an Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) commensurate with their scope of work that will be implemented before the commencement of construction work (including the preconstruction activities) and throughout the Project life cycle. The purpose of the OHSMP is to prevent injuries and illness during worker activities and in the workplace (exterior and interior). The scope of the OHSMP is to include all potentially affected workers on the Project. While the OHSMP will be a standalone document, as with other management plans, it is to be developed and implemented in consideration of other relevant environmental and social management plans. 4.4.2 OBJECTIVES The OHSMP aims to avoid and minimize health and safety risks for all worker/personnel involved in Project activities, by providing healthy and safe working conditions. This plan will comply with Zambia’s national legislation, including international best practices, World Bank’s Environmental and Social Standards (ESS), ISO 45001 norms or equivalent, and funding agencies’ requirements. This plan applies to all on-site work activities during both the preconstruction and construction phases, which the Contractor executes. Additionally, it covers activities from the operation phase, which ZESCO manages. 4.4.3 REQUIREMENTS The OHSMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments; ─ National requirements; and ─ World Bank requirements. Contractors must review ZESCO E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (contractors) work scope and responsibilities. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-57 4.4.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Within the Project proponent’s Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (April 2024), workers are considered as stakeholders. Hence, ZESCO is required to develop and implement an OHSMP. 4.4.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT, 2010 This is an Act to establish the Occupational Health and Safety Institute and provide for its functions; provide for the establishment of health and safety committees at workplaces and the health, safety and welfare of persons at work; provide for the duties of manufacturers, importers and suppliers of articles, devices, items and substances for use at work; provide for the protection of persons, other than persons at work, against risks to health or safety arising from, or in connection with, the activities of persons at work; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing. EMPLOYMENT CODE ACT, NO. 3 OF 2019 This Act was established to regulate employment; prohibit discrimination; constitute the Skills and Labour Advisory Committees and provide for their functions; provide for the engagement of persons on contracts of employment and provide for the form and enforcement of the contracts of employment; provide for employment entitlements and other benefits; provide for the protection of wages of employees; provide for the registration of employment agencies; regulate the employment of children and young persons; provide for the welfare of employees at an undertaking; provide for employment policies, procedures and codes in an undertaking. INDUSTRIAL AND LABOUR RELATIONS ACT, NO. 27 OF 1993 This Act was established to revise the law relating to trade unions, the Zambia Congress of Trade Unions, employers' associations, the Zambia Federation of Employers, recognition agreements and collective agreements, settlement of collective disputes, strikes, lockouts, essential services, the Tripartite Labour Consultative Council, and the Industrial Relations Court. The Act specifically addresses the rights of employees with respect to trade union membership and its activities. WORKER’S COMPENSATION ACT, NO. 10 OF 1999 The Act was implemented to make provision for the establishment and administration of a Fund for the compensation of Workers disabled by accidents or diseases contracted by such Workers in the course of their employment and for the payment of compensation to dependants of Workers who die as a result of such accidents or diseases; for the payment of contributions to such Fund by employers; for the grant of pensions and allowances to certain dependants of Workers who, being in receipt of pensions for such disablement, die from causes not connected with such accidents or diseases; for the appointment and powers of a Workers' Compensation Commissioner and the establishment and powers of a Workers' Compensation Board and an Appeal Tribunal; and matters incidental to and connected with the foregoing. SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS STANDARDS FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR (STANDARD 1 ON LABOUR AND WORKING CONDITIONS) According to Standard 1 of the MOE Social Safeguard Framework, developers of Projects with 25 employees or more should hire a human resource professional and a health and safety professional, suitably qualified and experienced in order to supervise and monitor compliance with labour laws and health and safety requirements. Minimal requirements in terms of personal protective equipment (PPE) must also be complied with, including providing PPEs that are appropriate for female workers. The developer should also ensure that labour and working conditions are reflected in the ESIA and ESMP, as well as procurement, monitoring and reporting procedures. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-58 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.4.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 2 - LABOUR AND WORKING CONDITIONS The ESS 2 aims to: ─ Promote health and safety in a workplace environment. ─ Promote the fair treatment, non-discrimination, and equal opportunity for the Project’s workers. It aims for inclusivity and to protect Project workers such as women, children (of working age, according to this ESS), persons living with disabilities, etc. ─ Prevent all uses of forced labour and child labour. A child under the minimum age should not be employed or engaged in the Project. The labour management procedures developed and implemented by the Borrower must specify the minimum employment age. The minimum age should be 14 years unless national law specifies a higher age. ─ Support the principle of freedom of association and collective bargaining for the Project’s workers. It has to be applied in a manner consistent with national law. ─ Provide the Project’s worker with mechanisms to raise any workplace concerns. 4.4.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS ─ The Contractor is responsible for developing and implementing the OHSMP in line with the necessary working scope and related responsibilities. ─ The management of Occupational Health & Safety must be in accordance with the following general performance indicators: ▪ Eliminate the risks. ▪ Assess the risks which cannot be avoided. ▪ Reduce the risk at source. ▪ Give priority to collective protective measures over individual protective measures. ▪ Adapt the work to the individual, especially with regard to the design of workplaces and the choice of work equipment and production methods. ▪ Implement procedures for working alone and in isolated areas (communication protocol). ▪ Management and handling of hazardous products. ▪ Working in confined spaces. ▪ Working at heights. ▪ Handling activities. ▪ Driving vehicles and heavy machinery. ▪ Working in the presence of hazardous energy sources. ▪ Availability and use of personal protective equipment. ▪ Risks associated with falling and tripping. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-59 ▪ Working near heavy machinery. ▪ Performing work on electrical equipment. ▪ Conducting hot works. ▪ Fitness to work (FTW) of the workers. These requirements will be defined by the implementation of various measures, for which the Contractor will be responsible, throughout the different phases of the Project. Measures to ensure the best conditions for workers in terms of hygiene, health, and safety on a powerline and substation Project include: ─ Informing and training workers about hazards and risks related to the expected tasks to be performed and the equipment to be handled. ─ Ensure that the workers have the appropriate fitness-to-work certificates based on the task type to perform. ─ Ensure that all workers have their appropriate authorisation and accreditations following the type of task to be performed. ─ Describe how the worker camps, site installation, and work activities will be supplied with energy and water. This includes details about connection points to the existing system network, the use of a pumpable septic tank, power generators, and other relevant infrastructure. ─ Provide appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, boots, helmets, and fall protection, and require their effective wearing. ─ Inspect all equipment before use to ensure that it is in good working condition. ─ Implement a strict lockout, tag-out procedure when servicing equipment, especially in the presence of high- voltage electrical current, and machinery. ─ Adequately delineate work areas, particularly excavation and structure (pylon) lifting zones. ─ Implement measures to ensure personnel safety during activities carried out with or near electrical equipment. ─ Ensure adequate working hours, remuneration, and conditions for all personnel. ─ Ensure flexible working hours and adjust working hours according to climate. Make medical care available to all workers/personnel throughout the project's lifetime. ─ The capacities of healthcare facilities located near the Project should be assessed prior to the start of the Project. Contractors should contact healthcare facilities and the closest hospital, making sure the treatments available at those facilities are appropriate for typical workers' health issues and injuries. Establish partnerships with healthcare providers. ─ Provide drinking water and sanitary facilities for all personnel in compliance with gender requirements and the number of workers. ─ Implement an accident and incident reporting mechanism in compliance with World Bank procedures available to all personnel. ─ Ensure that worker camps comply with hygiene rules, particularly regarding the availability of drinking water and sanitary facilities, waste management and adequate and safe energy sources (gas or electricity). ─ The Contractor must ensure that no firewood or charcoal is used for cooking or heating at the worker camps. If no clean cooking technology and/or fuel is available in the community (such as gas stoves or pellet stoves), the Contractor must provide this. ─ Bus tickets shall be provided for national workers to return to their families on a regular basis (ideally on pay weekends). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-60 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Identify measures to prevent occupational illnesses associated with Project implementation. ─ Make all Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) available for the chemicals stored and used on-site. ─ Provide a list of social and medical resources to staff and ensure that this list is known to all key personnel (human resources, supervisors, complaints management committee, etc.). ─ Assist workers with physical or mental health problems, including substance abuse (e.g., hotline, physical or mental health services, etc.). ─ All workers must undergo a medical check-up and obtain fitness-to-work certification before commencing their tasks. This requirement also applies to subcontractors. Additionally, all medical certificates should be made available on-site for audit purposes as required. 4.4.4.1 ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT REPORTING MECHANISM An accident and incident reporting mechanism compliant with World Bank procedures and requirements will be implemented and disclosed to all Project personnel. It should be noted that the accident and incident reporting mechanism is complementary to the emergency preparedness and response plan (see Section 4.5). The later details the procedure for emergency events that can lead to incidents or accidents while the accident and incident reporting mechanism covers a wider range of events that may not be considered as emergencies. Reportable incidents include the following: ─ Fatality: death that occur within one year of accident/incident, including resulting from occupational disease or illness. ─ Lost time injury: injury or occupational disease/illness that results in workers requiring 3 or more days off or an incident that results in a member of the community needed medical treatment. ─ Acts of violence or protest: intentional use of physical force against oneself or another person or against a group or community that results in or has high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm or negative effects on the safe operation of the Project worksite. ─ Disease outbreaks: occurrences of disease in excess of the normal number of cases. ─ Displacement without due process: permanent or temporary displacement of individuals, families or communities from their home or land against their will and without the appropriate provisions outlined in the RAP. ─ Child labour: employment of an underaged worker in connection with the Project. ─ Forced labour: work or service performed involuntarily by an individual under threat of force or penalty, including any kind of involuntary or compulsory work and trafficked persons employed in connection to the Project. ─ Unexpected impacts on heritage resources: impact occurring on a legally protected or internationally recognized area of cultural heritage or archaeological value that was not foreseen or predicted in the Project design or ESIA. For such incidents, the response will be based on the content of the cultural heritage management plan (see Section 4.2). ─ Unexpected impacts on biodiversity resources: impact occurring on a legally protected or internationally recognized area of high biodiversity value that was not foreseen or predicted in the Project design or ESIA. This includes poaching or trafficking of critically endangered or endangered species. ─ Environmental pollution incident: exceedances of emission standards to land, water, or air that have persisted for more than 24 hours and that could result in harm to the environment. It should be noted that incidents of sensitive nature such as sexual harassment, abuse and exploitation, gender- based violence or violence/discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression or sex characteristics should be reported through the GBV Management Plan Procedures (see Section 4.8.6). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-61 All other incident or accident that may have adverse effect on the environment, affected communities, the public or workers, irrespective or whether harm had occurred on that occasion should be reported through the mechanism. An Incident Reporting Form template is provided in Appendix 4-1. 4.4.4.2 ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT RESPONSE PROCEDURE After any of the previous type of accident or incident is reported by workers, members of local communities or any other stakeholder, the following response procedure will be engaged: ─ Secure the site: for urgent situations, the emergency response plan should be followed, and the site should be secured to ensure no further harm is caused. Relevant authorities should be notified depending on the nature of the incident/accident. ─ Document the accident/incident: key information should be gathered as soon as possible, and evidence should be preserved to help with the subsequent investigation. Records to be collected include but are not limited to incident description, photographs, names and job titles of personnel involved, names of witnesses, environmental conditions at the time of the incident, descriptions of the works being undertaken at the time of the incident, etc. ─ Investigation: it should be initiated as soon as possible following the incident/accident. It can be conducted by project staff or independent consultants that have qualifications appropriate to the nature, scale, severity and complexity of the incident/accident. The investigation should identify: ▪ Immediate causes; ▪ Underlying causes; and ▪ Root causes. ─ Implementation of corrective actions: based on the immediate, underlying and root causes of the incident/accident, corrective actions should be recommended to prevent recurrence. Proposed actions should be specific, measurable, actionable, realistic and timebound. Corrective actions should be consolidated in an environmental and social Safeguards Corrective Action Plan (SCAP). The response, including the investigation findings, should be properly documented in a form such as the one provided in Appendix 4-1. 4.4.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CONTRACTOR ─ Contractor is responsible for the development and implementation of the OHSMP and following its provisions during the Construction phase. As part of these requirements, the Contractor shall: ▪ Provide awareness training of the plan to staff related to their day-to-day activities. ▪ Regularly communicate planned construction activities to mitigate any potential non-compliances to the OHSMP. Complete roles and responsibilities will be assigned by the Contractor during the development and implementation of the OHSMP. The following personnel will be assigned to the management tasks of the OHSMP: WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-62 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGER ─ The Contractor’s H&S Manager shall ensure that all actions and measures defined in the Plan are covered under the relevant Project management documents, including pre-construction and construction work schedules, plans, hazards register, procedures, method statements, and work instructions. The EHS manager will: ─ Implement and review the Project OHSMP. ─ Implement and review the OHSMP in response to onsite and offsite accidents and emergencies, associated and unrelated to the Project. ─ Implement and review safety initiatives. ─ Implement and review the OHSMP, with consideration for potential human health risks. ENVIRONMENT & SOCIAL SPECIALISTS ─ The E&S Specialists are responsible for supporting the H&S Manager in implementing and reviewing all E&S management plans, including the OHSMP, with consideration for potential human health risks, and to: ─ Review the OHSMP and grievance register and respond to potential human health risks. ─ Implement and review the actions related to water (and other natural resources) as well as those related to air quality, waste management and noise. ─ Manage ground disturbance and other potential vector breeding sites to reduce the risk of the development of vector-related diseases. 4.4.6 MONITORING On-going monitoring of the actions related to this plan shall be undertaken to ensure their application and efficiency. A monitoring programme(s) will be developed within this Plan by the Contractor to ensure relevance to the Contractor working scope and responsibilities and will serve to determine performance of the mitigation measures. Table 4-10 proposes the occupational health and safety monitoring plan framework with identified indicators. The monitoring plan framework will need to be validated by the Contractor prior to Project implementation. It will evolve and be adapted by the Contractor over time to address any unexpected changes or impacts. The table below lists the main E&S monitoring measures to be applied during the construction phase. It is important to note that the monitoring obligations below are meant to correlate with the Project-related impacts and mitigation measures. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-63 Table 4-10 Occupational Health and Safety Monitoring Plan Framework Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Injuries and ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of workers. No major injuries or accidents. Entire Continuously during EHS Manager PIU accidents register of workers’ ─ Number of working hours. Project preconstruction and involving injuries and area. construction workers accidents. ─ Number of Total recordable cases. activities. ─ Number of Lost Time injuries. ─ Number of days off work due to an accident. ─ Number of occupational health illnesses. ─ Number of road accidents. ─ Number of Fire incidents. ─ Total recordable cases frequency. ─ Lost time injury frequency. ─ Number of security incident. ─ Number of first aid cases. ─ Number of incidents of breaches of the code of conduct. Provision ─ Site visits. ─ Number and adequacy of PPEs used. ─ All workers use appropriate Entire Continuously during EHS Manager PIU and use of ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of employees using PPEs in PPEs. Project preconstruction and PPEs register of workers’ situations that require them. ─ PPEs are available at all work area. construction injuries and accidents ─ sites. activities. Availability of PPEs on work sites. ─ Number of injuries and accidents where ─ No major injuries or accidents workers were not wearing appropriate PPEs. caused by a lack of PPE. Provision of ─ Analysis of work ─ Number of welfare facilities provided to ─ Welfare facilities are available Entire Continuously during EHS Manager PIU welfare camps and facilities workers. to workers. Project preconstruction and facilities for available for workers. ─ Number of sanitary facilities. ─ Workers are aware of the area. construction workers ─ Site visits. availability of those facilities activities. ─ Number of changing rooms and lockers. and use them. ─ Number of accommodation areas. ─ Drinking water available at all ─ Number of workers using those facilities. times ─ Quality of services rendered in welfare ─ Welfare facilities well facilities. maintained. Child labour ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of underage workers. No underage worker. Entire Continuously during EHS Manager PIU register of employees. Project preconstruction and ─ Site visits to confirm area. construction employees’ age. activities. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-64 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.5 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN 4.5.1 INTRODUCTION The Emergency Preparedness Response Plan (EPRP) sets standard operating procedures to follow if such emergencies occur. It covers environmental risks, disasters and emergency events that could affect or pose an impending or immediate risk to human life, health, and safety, as well as properties and surrounding environment in the Project area. This includes incidents or acts that could cause harm to the workers and or nearby communities in the area of influence of the Project. This includes events such as: ─ Accident at work: Injury, fatalities on site ─ Road accident ─ Fire ─ Medical emergency (person experiencing breathing difficulties or collapse symptoms) ─ Electrocution/Electrification ─ Physical aggression, vandalism ─ Accidental discovery of waste or hazardous materials ─ Flooding (management of excavation and drainage water associated with excavations/trenches) The EPRP provides information and guidelines for stakeholders in the Project’s response to emergency situations. While the routine functions of ZESCO or its contractors are not of an emergency nature, all employees and contractors should be prepared in their respective capacities to respond to emergencies that may threaten life, the environment, or Project integrity. This includes day-to-day obligations to assess and report any potential/actual emergency or disaster event. It requires monitoring conditions and analyzing information that could signal the onset of one or more emergencies. This EPRP is implemented to facilitate a coordinated response to a non-routine event that exceeds the capacity of ZESCO and its contractors. Situations include, but are not limited to, emergencies that may affect workers, the public, the environment, communities, ZESCO assets, or Project integrity. While the EPRP will be a standalone document, as with other management plans, it will be developed and implemented considering other relevant environmental and social management plans. 4.5.2 OBJECTIVES The EPRP(s) will be prepared by the Project Proponent for the Operations Phase. However, it is understood that Contractors will develop EPRPs commensurate with their scope of works. The objectives of the EPRP are based on the requirements of relevant legislation and standards, and include the following: ─ Protect Project assets, people, livestock, vegetation, wildlife and the environment from incidents and emergencies. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-65 ─ Ensure that the Project responds to environmental emergencies or serious incidents in conformance with safety, maintenance, support, and administrative requirements. ─ Ensure that interruptions at Project-related locations do not result in major performance loss. ─ Identify the designated personnel and responsibilities for dealing with on-site and off-site environmental emergencies. ─ Provide adequate information to rescue, recovery and clean-up crews, Project personnel, and government agencies in the event of an environmental emergency. ─ Promote safe and effective spill clean-up and remediation. ─ Conform with the ZESCO and other relevant corporate commitments. ─ Comply with the emergency preparedness & response requirements of the World Bank standards as well as the International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) guidelines. 4.5.3 REQUIREMENTS The EPRP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments; ─ National requirements; and ─ World Bank requirements. Contractors must review ZESCO E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (contractors) work scope and responsibilities. 4.5.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Within the Project proponent’s Zambia-Tanzania Interconnector Project Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (April 2024), article 1.6 specifically mentions the proponent’s requirement of having to prepare and “ensure compliance to” the provisions of an EPRP; hence, ZESCO will need to develop and implement an EPRP. 4.5.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT, 2010 ─ The Disaster Management Act, 2010 (Act No.13 of 2010) is the main disaster law in Zambia. It is divided into 13 key topics related to disaster risk management. ─ The Zambia Health Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Resilience Project Using the Multiphase Programmatic Approach aims to strengthen health system resilience and multisectoral preparedness and response to health emergencies in Zambia. ─ Occupational Health and Safety Act 2010 Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, it is the employer's duty to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of employees while they are at the workplace. ─ The Act requires that an employee be placed and kept in a work environment that aligns with the employee's physical, physiological and psychological ability. The employer must provide a work environment that is safe and without risk to the health and safety of the employees within their workplace. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-66 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.5.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 4 - COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY The ESS 4 recognizes that Project activities, equipment, and infrastructure can increase exposure to community risks and impacts. The ESS 4 aims notably to: ─ Have in place effective measures to address emergency events. ─ Ensure that the safeguarding of personnel and property is carried out in a manner that avoids or minimizes risks to the Project-affected communities. The ESS4 requires a Risk Hazard Assessment (RHA) to be conducted for Projects with the potential to generate emergency events. Based on the results of the RHA, an Emergency Response Plan (ERP) will be prepared in coordination with the relevant local authorities and affected communities. The ERP will include controls proportionate to the nature and scale of the hazard, identification of and secure access to emergency equipment, notification procedures for emergency responders, channels for notification of communities, training program for emergency responders including drills, coordinator for ERP implementation and measures for restoration and cleanup of the environment following any major accident. 4.5.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS The Contractor is responsible for developing and implementing the EPRP in line with the necessary working scope and related responsibilities during the construction phase. ZESCO will also need its own EPRP for the operation phase. The Project proponent will commit to a prevention strategy of ongoing maintenance, inventory control for hazardous and flammable materials, staff training, site security and vigilance of all aspects of work on the Project. It is the responsibility of all workers on the Project (staff and contractors) to follow the emergency preparedness and prevention requirements. ─ Key components for Emergency Preparedness and Response are: ▪ Incident management and communication system; ▪ Emergency response plan activation; ▪ Emergency resources; ▪ Protection measures. The following sections provide general emergency response procedures addressing the above components. 4.5.4.1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES Environmental emergency events can occur and develop rapidly, requiring personnel to act without obtaining guidance from supervisors. However, the individuals at the site who discover an environmental incident or emergency will only attempt to control or contain the situation if it can be done without compromising the health and safety of themselves and others, if they know the dangers associated with the materials or hazard, and if the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is available and used. The basic response procedures with regard to an emergency event are suggested in the following flow chart (Figure 4-2). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-67 Figure 4-3 Response Procedure On discovery of an environmental incident or emergency on-site, the staff or contractors (the first responder) must raise the alarm to the On-Scene Coordinator (closest supervisor to the incident), who will undertake an initial assessment of the emergency and collect the following key information: ─ The nature of the incident ─ What hazards are involved ─ Who is in charge ─ Location of the incident ─ The physical situation ─ Who and what is involved (e.g., people, type of substances/materials, equipment/machinery) ─ Injuries to people, if any ─ Environmental/social impact WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-68 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Key actions to be undertaken for the environmental emergency preparedness and prevention strategy to be implemented as early as possible are highlighted below: ─ Inventory Control - All hazardous and flammable materials will be subject to strict inventory control and all movement or transport of hazardous materials from source to destination will be recorded in a register or chain of custody form. ─ Safety Data Sheets (SDS) - All hazardous materials transported will have a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) accompanying the product in French and English. ─ Transport and Storage - All hazardous material transport containers will be adapted (certified) for the hazardous materials being transported as set out in the manufacturers’ SDS and storage of hazardous materials will comply with the SDS and Non-mineral Waste Management Plan. ─ Staff Reminders - Pre-job meetings/safety meetings will be held weekly/daily to constantly remind employees about job safety and actions to improve environmental and safety performance. ─ Emergency Response Equipment - Spill kits, fire containment and suppression materials, protective equipment, and other necessary equipment will be stored at easily accessible locations and regularly maintained and serviced. ─ A Health and Safety/Emergency Response Card - Will be prepared and provided to all workers and contractors. This will contain an infographic setting out: ▪ Key policies and procedures ▪ What to do in an emergency ▪ Key contacts and telephone numbers ─ Local Emergency Services and Local Administrators - Will be apprised of the Project’s environmental emergency response plans and procedures with local emergency services and local administrations. ─ Environmental Emergency Response Plans and Training - All employees and contractors will have access to the EPRP, and appropriate training/induction provided relevant to their job description. Environmental emergency response planning/education will be included in public consultation and disclosure activities. 4.5.4.2 COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE With respect to working in and in proximity to communities, ZESCO and its contractors will make information accessible to local communities and authorities on its strategy for emergency preparedness and response in the areas of: ─ Transport accidents ─ Security and the use of force ─ Crimes and violence ─ Health and well-being ─ Road safety and traffic awareness ─ General work activities where necessary To minimize the impacts of emergency events on local communities, ZESCO and its contractors will work with communities and local administrators to identify and implement an effective emergency alert system for the Project communities. The communities will be provided with information regarding the potential hazards of Project activities and the agreed-upon Project responses and will also be sensitized to their respective responsibilities (Project vs. community responsibilities) in response to an off-site emergency. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-69 ZESCO and its contractors will also explore opportunities to collaborate with communities to develop action plans for their preparedness and response during an off-site emergency. Contractors will be expected to collaborate with ZESCO to identify all risks related to their work responsibilities. Such risk identification will then be the subject of one or more Riak Assessment Matrix as shown below: Figure 4-4 Risk Assessment Matrix In addition to general emergency standard operating procedures, more specific or tailored procedures will be developed commensurate with the Contractor responsibilities. These will then be reviewed in collaboration with the Project proponent. The following are suggested as KPIs: ─ Incident management and communication system; ─ Emergency response plan activation; ─ Emergency resources; ─ Protection measures. 4.5.4.3 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM The Emergency Preparedness Response Plan (EPRP) must identify key stakeholders who should be notified in case of an emergency. The EPRP should also outline the available communication means, ensuring they are appropriate and adequate for each targeted stakeholder; a tiered response will need to be developed and implemented within each EPRP, whether prepared by the Contractor (Construction Phase) or the ZESCO during the Operation Phase. The system to be developed by the Contractor will cover worker, community and media requirements as follows: ─ The Contractor should create an alert scheme that outlines how initial incident notifications will be managed during and outside working hours. This scheme should clearly specify who the incident witness will contact and through which communication channel. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-70 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ For workers, alarm bells, visual alarms, or other forms of communication should be used to alert them to an emergency reliably. Related measures include testing warning systems at least annually and more frequently if required by local regulations, equipment, or other considerations. ─ In the event of an evacuation, appropriate evacuation signs should be in place. This also includes the Autonomous Security Lighting Block, which the Contractor should maintain regularly. The Contractor should designate assembly points for the workers. These assembly points may be multiple, depending on the scope of work activities. The Contractor must inform all workers, including subcontractors and visitors, about the location of the assembly points from the very beginning. ─ If a potential emergency arising from the construction works may put a local community at risk, the Contractor should implement communication measures to alert the community and ensure their safe evacuation. ─ The Contractor and the entity in charge of the infrastructure should communicate emergency information to the media and governmental agencies. ─ The Contractor is responsible for creating an incident communication procedure and matrix. This document should outline the various types of incidents relevant to the Project scope. For each incident type, the Contractor must identify the key stakeholders to be notified, specify the timing for notification, and determine the appropriate communication channel (e.g., phone, email, report). ─ The Contractor must create an emergency contact phone list and provide it to the ERP team. 4.5.4.4 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN ACTIVATION The Contractor may be notified of an incident through various means, including a call to the on-site offices or emergency line by an employee, member of the public, a contractor, emergency services, or any other third party. In the case of an emergency requiring activation of an emergency response as determined by the most senior manager on the site at the time, communication via a mass notification tool would be issued to all key emergency response positions and they would then be required to meet at the incident command post within a pre-set timeframe to be established by the Contractor. Once a call comes in, it will be directed to the most senior representative present or other safety/security personnel as appropriate, who will investigate further to determine required actions. The EPRP may be activated when: ─ An emergency occurs involving any worker, visitor or community member; ─ A high-severity incident occurs; ─ A local emergency occurs or is imminent and requires a coordinated local response; or ─ A regional emergency is declared. The EPRP may be activated by: ─ Any Contractor management or delegated representative who has direct responsibility for the asset involved; ─ The first trained person at the incident site if it is determined that the incident cannot be handled by personnel on site with available equipment. The need for an Incident Command Post may be activated: ─ Based on the level of emergency and contributing factors; ─ By the direction of Contractor management representative or the Emergency Response Leader; ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-71 ─ For any incident where emergency services (fire/police department) are dispatched; ─ If the resources required to manage the incident exceed the capability of those immediately available; or ─ In the event of a potentially catastrophic event occurring, where little information is known about the current situation. The emergency response is considered to be activated when: ─ A manager has assumed leadership of the command centre and declares the response is activated/open; ─ Emergency response roles are being performed; and ─ Emergency response activation is communicated to the Emergency Response Leader. 4.5.4.5 EMERGENCY RESOURCES The Contractor should ensure that the following are supplied to optimise the functionality of the Emergency Preparedness Response Plan: ─ Funding for emergency response activities during both pre-construction and construction phases. ─ Fire fighting capacity for small-scale fires. ─ First aid responders/Paramedics for the facility as well as medical equipment suitable for the personnel, type of operation, and the degree of treatment likely to be required prior to transportation to hospital. The number of the first aid responders should be adequate to the total number of workers according to the local regulations. ─ Other resources such as: ▪ A list of external equipment, personnel, facilities, funding, expert knowledge, and materials that may be required to respond to emergencies; the list should include personnel with specialized expertise for spill clean-up, flood control, engineering, water treatment, environmental science, etc., or any of the functions required to adequately respond to the identified emergency. ▪ Personnel who can readily call up resources as required. ▪ Personnel proficiently trained in handling firefighting equipment, available on site. ▪ Autonomous Security Lighting Blocks. ▪ Fixed and mobile Fire extinguishers. ▪ Appropriate PPE. ▪ Spill containment equipment. ▪ First aid kits (it is important that personnel be trained for its use). ▪ Alarm system if required. 4.5.4.6 PROTECTION MEASURES The following protection measures should be planned and implemented by the Contractor: ─ An evacuation protocol to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel and visitors in a methodical and coherent manner to facilitate the movement of people and resources toward the established assembly points. ─ A safe place where all persons are to seek refuge in order to remain separated from the extant situation. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-72 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Hazard areas to be implemented around any incident in which danger is present. This includes, but is not limited to, the area around designated emergencies, downed power lines, gas releases, damaged buildings, and locations of violence. Project personnel should be trained to limit access to the hazard area and to make these areas safe as quickly as possible by cordoning off the affected location and securing the area. ─ Establish a protocol with an emergency medical service provider capable of providing medical intervention in the event of an emergency. This protocol must describe the means of intervention available from the service provider, the communication system, the duration of the intervention and the list of the various hospitals or health centers in the vicinity of the worksite that are available to receive accident victims. ─ Mutualisation of means and efforts: Collaboration and resource-sharing with neighboring stakeholders in close proximity to the work activities. 4.5.4.7 POST-INCIDENT CONSIDERATIONS Recovery activities should be initiated as soon as the area has been declared safe. Recovery/Business Continuity planning and actions taken during response operations should be considered whenever possible. Recovery operations should include, but not be limited to, the following: ─ Restoring security and control of the site; ─ Assessing structures; ─ Repairing or replacing structures; ─ Coordinating the restoration of utilities such as electricity and telecommunications; ─ Clearing access routes; ─ Restoring damaged materials and work areas; ─ Maintaining the safe work zone perimeter; ─ Assisting employees; ─ Cleaning up debris; ─ Investigating and reporting; and ─ Consultation with authorities when required. All incidents should be reported to the appropriate internal and external authorities and be thoroughly investigated to ensure the root causes are identified and corrected if possible. The Emergency Response Leader shall conduct the primary investigation. Any coordination with Emergency Services and First Responders remains the responsibility of the Project Manager. The outcomes of all incident investigation reports should be incorporated into the risks register, especially when new hazards and risks are identified. Particular care should be exercised in every emergency involving a fatality, serious injury, or significant private or public property damage. This is to ensure that all evidence is preserved in its original state and the custody transfer is done appropriately through the authorities. Evidence should not be distributed until permission is granted, custody transfer specifics have been clarified by relevant Insurances and Legal representatives, as well as any other law enforcement, government or regulatory agencies involved. The Emergency Response Lead and other stakeholders should conduct an incident debrief as required to determine the causal factors and prevention measures required to avoid reoccurrence. This should include a review of the activated emergency response procedure(s) with updates as required. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-73 Emergency response personnel should participate in external incident debrief sessions and share lessons learned, as appropriate. All incident-related documentation should be retained for a duration to be determined by the Contractor (minimally 5 years). 4.5.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Although contractors play a pivotal role in in all Construction ESMPs, an Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan requires intrinsic involvement of the Project Proponent. As such, the proponent will be readily involved in emergency preparedness and response as required, and in consideration of the Contractor’s scope of work. Stakeholders developing EPRPs must define a tiered-response approach within their EPRP(s). The intent of a tiered response is to provide a clear response approach for management by one or many of the stakeholders regarding the level (or “tier”) of the emergency . Examples of criteria for activating tiered response may include: ─ Life-threatening medical emergencies (i.e., cardiac arrest, unconsciousness); ─ Multi-casualty incidents; ─ Hazardous materials incidents (CBRNE: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Electrical, Explosion) involving casualties and/or potential for casualties on work sites and/or in a community within the footprint of the Project. ─ Large fires involving casualties and/or potential for casualties; ─ Natural disasters resulting in such occurrences as building collapse. ─ Vehicle collisions Other criteria to be used in the preparation for a tiered response approach might include: ─ Volume of a spill ─ Area of forest degraded by a fire ─ Type of ecosystem affected (sensitive environment with endangered species, etc.) CONTRACTOR The Contractor hired to carry out the activities related to the Project life cycle must comply with the following obligations related to this plan: ─ Communicate with the Proponent and respond to issues related to the implementation of the management plan; ─ Ensure that all subcontractors employ equipment, practices and methods of construction that comply with the E&S standards enunciated above, and, in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners and the public. ─ Implement the mitigation measures contained in the plan as well as techniques and methods to achieve management outcomes. The Contractor shall make efforts to minimize damage to the environment, control waste, avoid pollution and all other aspects that impact the environment associated with the Project; and ─ Ensure the effective implementation of strategies designed to mitigate all Project impacts through communication with site staff and contractors. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-74 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Put in place an Emergency Response Team (ERT) in charge of deploying the E PRP. The Contractor’s EPRP should be adapted to the scope of works. In the following outline, it is ‘suggested’ that the composition of the Site ERT for the Project will include the following key management staff and selected employees who are dedicated and willing to submit to specialty training to assist when an emergency occurs: ─ EHS Manager ─ Operations Manager ─ Site Services Manager ─ Contracts/Procurement Manager ─ Security Manager ─ Community Liaison Officer (CLO) The General Manager HSE will be responsible for selecting and training qualified and willing candidates in sufficient numbers into the Site ERT to facilitate the response programmes required by the EERP. Personnel to be directly involved in any emergency response are the following: EHS MANAGER ─ The EHS manager will be responsible for enforcing the EPRP implementation and coordinating with other management staff in responding to emergencies. ─ Overall responsibility for incident communication with internal and external stakeholders. ─ Review emergency preparedness and response procedures with the other Managers regularly. ─ Ensure the EPRP is available and accessible to all employees and contractors. ─ Ensure general training/education on emergency response procedures is provided to all employees, and key management staff and ERT undergo specialised training in line with their job functions. ─ Ensure contractors and visitors are taken through an induction programme on health and safety before performing duties on site. ─ Distribute the EERP to all parties with implementation responsibilities. ─ Coordinate regular review and update of the EERP with the General Manager and other parties to ensure its currency with site conditions, management changes and improvements in response techniques. ─ Review spill and incident reports and oversee remediation and clean-up programmes. ─ Review contracts before signing to confirm EERP and OHS requirements. ─ Review quarterly reports of contractors’ practices. ─ Lead reviews or investigations into reported incidents and ensure proper response is being followed, including reporting and review. ─ Maintain the emergency response equipment and supplies inventory and ensure they are in good operational order. ─ Responsible for some incident communications with the public, regulatory agencies, and other stakeholders. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-75 HEALTH AND SAFETY SPECIALIST This specialist will be responsible, as required, for: ─ Overall responsibility for enforcing the EPRP implementation and coordinating with other management staff in responding to E&S emergencies. ─ Overall responsibility for incident communication with internal and external stakeholders, especially as required when communicating with communities. ─ Review emergency preparedness and response procedures with the other Managers regularly. ─ Ensure the EPRP is available and accessible to all employees, contractors, and communities. ─ Ensure all employees and communities receive general training/education on emergency response procedures as required. DUTY MANAGER ─ Manage on-site response and external communications. SUPERVISOR (ON-SITE COORDINATION) ─ Closest Supervisor to act as on-site coordinator. ─ Contact and coordinate the Emergency Response Team. Depending on the Contractor scope of works to be realised, additional personnel with varying roles might be assigned to the EPRP in relation to development, implementation, communication and management of emergencies. 4.5.6 MONITORING The EPRP will need to be developed by the Contractor, covering the construction phase, and by ZESCO for the operation phase. A monitoring program will be developed within both plans to ensure proposed actions are implemented, all activities are documented, and any gaps in the response plan are rapidly identified and adjusted. This exercise will serve to determine the performance of the proposed actions. Table 4-11 proposes the EPR monitoring plan framework with identified indicators. The monitoring plan framework will need to be validated prior to Project implementation. It will evolve and be adapted over time to address any gaps. The table below lists the main E&S monitoring measures to be applied. It is important to note that the monitoring obligations below are meant to correlate with the Project-related impacts and mitigation measures. Table 4-11 Emergency Preparedness and Response Monitoring Plan Framework Monitored Supervision Standards/ Super- Indicators Location Frequency Responsibility Component Method Targets vision Emergency Analysis of ─ Number of the No major Entire Continuously EHS Manager PIU preparedness the register extinguishers injuries or Project during and response of workers’ (Fixed and mobile) accidents. area. preconstruction plan injuries and on site and accidents. ─ Number of Drills construction activities. ─ Number of first aid training sessions ─ Number of alarm tests carried out ─ Number of injured transferred to hospital WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-76 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE All Managers will contribute to the monitoring of incidents/emergencies that may occur at facilities under their supervision and will document and report the same to the General Manager. The HS Manager will coordinate regular EPRP monitoring and monthly reporting across the site and submit a report to the General Manager. Reporting will include: 1 A summary of incidents during the reporting period; 2 Planned activities during the next reporting period; 3 Corrective actions; 4 Any other issues of concern. This information will be summarized in the Annual ESMP Monitoring Report. Contractors will develop and implement monitoring, audits, and compliance verifications and programmes commensurate with their responsibilities. EPRP will incorporate procedures for monitoring the response to emergencies that their contracted scope may require; these should include: ─ Ways to alert employees; ─ Reporting emergencies; ─ Evacuation when necessary; ─ Designated assembly locations; ─ Contact for key personnel and their telephone numbers; ─ First aid and medical assistance; ─ Clean-up and business resumption; ─ Business continuity; ─ Employee training; ─ Methods for testing the various responses (drills); and ─ Communication with media, communities, employees and their families (as necessary). Contractors must consult with the proponent's Emergency Response Team for all emergency response management preparedness. 4.6 RESIDUAL MATERIAL AND HAZARDOUS PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.6.1 INTRODUCTION This Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan (RMHPMP) identifies Project-specific mitigation measures to be implemented by ZESCO and the Contractor to address waste and hazardous materials management procedures. The RMHPMP provides guidance to address the environmental obligations associated with the storage, handling, and management of residual and hazardous materials. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-77 The RMHPMP is intended to guide all waste management for the Project. Contractors and staff will comply with this RMHPMP. In some cases, contractors on the Project will be required to develop specific or tailored waste management plans for their work or contracts that comply with this RMHPMP. The potential impacts to be managed through the RMHPMP include: ─ Pollution of soils, surface water and groundwater from indiscriminate handling/disposal waste, landfill leachate or accidental spill of hazardous/non-hazardous wastes or materials. ─ Loss of amenity of neighbouring areas due to litter, dust, odours, from waste handling and disposal facilities. Compliance with the mitigation measures will reduce potential impacts from hazardous materials used and hazardous waste generated during the transmission line's construction and operation. Mitigation of potential risks related to worker health and safety While the RMHPMP will be a standalone document, as with other management plans, it will be developed and implemented in consideration of other relevant environmental and social management plans. 4.6.2 OBJECTIVES The objective of the RMHPMP is to reduce the risks associated with the use, storage, transportation, and disposal of waste and hazardous materials. The RMHPMP should be developed with consideration to the following: 1 Minimize the liabilities and environmental impacts of waste disposal by practicing: I. waste avoidance and reduction at source, II. promoting re-use and recycling, performing upstream non-mineral waste segregation, and III. ensuring safe and secure temporary storage and handling before permanent re-use, recycling or disposal. 2 Remediate or manage long-term contaminated sites where investigation has demonstrated an impact or risk to the environment, and/or community health and livelihoods. 3 Protect the environment, and/or community health and livelihoods by preventing unauthorised releases of wastes (including hazardous materials) to surface water, groundwater, the atmosphere, and/or soil. The objectives of the RMHPMP are then to: ─ Maximize waste reduction, reuse, and recycle opportunities; ─ Effective collection, segregation, storage, and disposal of non-hazardous and hazardous waste materials; ─ Promote occupational and community health and safety. 4.6.3 REQUIREMENTS The RMHPMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments ─ National requirements, and ─ World Bank requirements Contractors will need to review ZESCO’s E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (contractors) work scope and responsibilities. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-78 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.6.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT ZESCO has developed management procedures for: ─ Chemicals (Management of Chemicals, Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00040; dated 26/06/2023, ─ PCBs (poly-chlorinated hydrocarbons. Management of PCBs, Doc No: 14900.GNPR.00050; dated 26/06/2023), ─ Hydrocarbons (Management of Hydrocarbons, Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00010; dated 26/06/2023), and ─ General Waste Management Procedure (Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00008; dated 26/06/2023) The RMHPMP will need to consider these procedures in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (contractors) responsibilities. 4.6.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (LICENSING) REGULATIONS SI. NO. 112 OF 2013 This regulation provides for: 1 the protection and monitoring of air quality, 2 sets the procedures for managing waste, and 3 addresses toxic waste hazardous to the environment. The Zambia Environmental Protection Agency issues licenses for releasing pollutants, and applications must comply with the Water Resources Management Act, follow specified criteria for wastewater, and may require groundwater monitoring wells. The Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations (S.I. No 112 of 2013) establishes limits for effluents and wastewater discharged into the aquatic environment in its Third Schedule. Standards are set for physical, bacteriological, chemical, metals, organics, and radioactive parameters. The standards for physical parameters are presented in Table 4-12 below. Those parameters will be respected at all times when work near water is conducted. Table 4-12 Physical Parameter Limits for Effluents and Waste Water Discharged into the Aquatic Environment Physical parameter Unit Limit Temperature °C 40 Colour Hazen units 40 Odour - Must not cause any deterioration in odour as compared with natural state. Turbidity Nephelometer turbidity units 15 Total suspended solids mg/L 100 Settleable matter mg/L 0.5 sedimentation in 2 hours Total dissolved solids mg/L 3,000 Conductivity mS/cm 4,300 Source: Third Schedule, Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations (S.I. No. 112 of 2013) ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-79 In terms of hazardous waste, the Seventh Schedule of the Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations (S.I. No 112 of 2013) identifies the types of hazardous characteristics: explosive (H1), flammable liquids (H3), flammable solids (H4.1), substances liable to spontaneous combustion (H4.2), substations which emit flammable gases when in contact with water (H4.3), oxidizing substances (H5.1), organic peroxides (H5.2), poisonous substances (H6.1), infectious substances (H6.2), corrosives (H8), toxic substances (H11), and exo-toxic substances (H12). The Regulations also identify minimal requirements for handling, storing, and transporting hazardous waste. BASEL CONVENTIONS ─ The Basel Convention (1992) (on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal) to which Zambia has acceded (1995), controls the movement, storage, transport, treatment, reuse, recycling, recovery and final disposal of hazardous waste as well as requiring producers of hazardous waste to dispose of their waste in an environmentally responsible manner close to where it is generated. STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ─ The Stockholm Convention (2004) on Persistent Organic Pollutants is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from chemicals that remain intact in the environment for long periods, become widely distributed geographically, accumulate in the fatty tissue of humans and wildlife, and have harmful impacts on human health or on the environment. Zambia acceded to this convention in 2006. 4.6.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS 3 - RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT The ESS 3 on resource efficiency and pollution prevention and management aims to: ─ Promote the sustainable use of resources such as water, raw materials and energy. ─ Avoid or minimize adverse impacts from the Project activities, Project-related emissions of short- and long- lived climate pollutants, and generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. ─ Minimize and manage the risks and impacts related to pesticide use. The Borrower is required to consider the conditions of the Project area and apply resource efficiency and pollution prevention measures according to the mitigation hierarchy. The measures applied must be proportionate to the risks and impacts of the Project and consistent with the Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) and World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (EHSGs). 4.6.4 WASTE STREAMS CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION The Contractor will classify all waste generated by the Project according to Zambian waste management regulations, the Solid Waste Regulation and Management Act, 2018, and the Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations, S.I. No 112 of 2013. As a general rule, the following summarises the waste streams anticipated to be generated by the Project: 1 Recyclable/Reusable: Materials (glass and plastic bottles/containers that are not contaminated, scrap iron and steel, clean wood, aluminum, etc.). 2 Liquid: Wastes, including wastewater, treatment plant effluent, and oily water. 3 Organics: Waste that can be composted. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-80 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4 Hazardous: Waste that must be disposed of so as to not impact the receiving environment or human health (e.g., batteries, greases/waste oil, diesel, oil filters, coolant, pesticides, contaminated soils, light ballasts, fluorescent light tubes, computer wastes, explosives, sewage sludge, etc.). 5 Medical: Waste, mainly used needles and biological waste, generated at the onsite clinic. 6 Combustible: Wastes that are considered combustible but can be incinerated when handled correctly. 7 Inerts: Solid non-combustible waste (i.e., any waste that cannot be incinerated, composted, or recycled and will be disposed of in the landfill. Note that this waste stream does not include any hazardous wastes. 8 Chemicals: chemicals will be managed as stipulated in ZESCO’s Management of chemicals management plan (Doc. No. CO. 149000.GNPR.0040). It is recommended the Contractor develop its RMHPMP to anticipate waste volumes for each waste stream. 4.6.5 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS ZESCO and the Contractor will develop the RMHPMP such that waste and hazardous products management can be accomplished through hierarchical application of the practices of source reduction, re-use, recycling/recovery, treatment, and responsible disposal as illustrated below: Figure 4-5 Hierarchical Approach for Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Management strategies for the following waste streams are suggested in the following tables: ─ Non-Hazardous Waste Management (Table 4-13) ─ Wastewater Management (Table 4-14) ─ Hazardous Products Management (Table 4-15) ─ Hazardous Waste Management (Table 4-16) ─ Management of Chemicals (Table 4-17) The various contractors will need to develop their RMHPMP according to their work scope and anticipate waste types and waste volumes accordingly. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-81 Table 4-13 Non-Hazardous Waste Management Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Non-hazardous waste management All non-hazardous camp waste shall be collected, separated for recycling, As per requirement. temporarily stored, transported and disposed of in accordance with Project Records of waste collected and recycling. RMHPMP. Manifests of waste collection and disposal at selected municipal waste disposal sites. Waste generation and recycling ─ Develop waste inventories. These inventories will be updated throughout the Record of waste reduction and recycling initiatives. Project, commissioning and operations phases. Recycling bins on site. ─ Stipulate the storage and disposal requirements for each waste stream. ─ Develop waste management strategies for each waste stream based on the waste management hierarchy. ─ Prepare waste management procedures for the specific scope of work and expected waste types and volumes. ─ Ensure worksites are kept free of litter and that any litter is cleaned up immediately. ─ Demonstrate efforts to reduce waste volumes, where possible, and to segregate and recycle waste where not possible. Waste handling and storage ─ Comply with applicable regulatory requirements and standards regarding the Evidence of waste storage containers. design and operation of all waste storage areas (The Solid Waste Regulation Separate bins/containers for different kinds of waste are and Management Act, 2018, and Environmental Management (Licensing) evidence of segregation. Regulations, 2013). Clear labels on bins. ─ Segregate all waste streams at source, where practicable Evidence of waste inspection records. ─ Store all waste in appropriately designed and clearly labelled waste bins or waste containers. Evidence of inspection of waste transport vehicles. ─ Cover or close waste receptacles that may present an issue for the attraction of pests and other fauna. ─ Regard any unidentified wastes as hazardous waste and handle and store such waste accordingly. ─ Separate combustible wastes from ignition sources to minimize fire hazards. ─ Inspect and empty temporary waste bins/facilities regularly. ─ Securely store and contain all wastes during transport to landfill facilities. Waste transport vehicles shall be in secure skips or containers that are covered during transport. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-82 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Waste transport and disposal ─ Comply with the Zambian waste management regulations regarding waste Record of waste manifest signed by ESO disposal (The Solid Waste Regulation and Management Act, 2018). Certificates of safe disposal ─ Stipulate the storage and disposal requirements for each waste stream. ─ For items that are marketable, re-use or recycle waste materials. These materials shall be separated from the waste stream at their point of generation and stored separately for collection by an accredited recycling contractor. ─ In accordance to the legislation, where transport of waste off-site is required, use a transporter that is licensed. ─ Collect waste sufficiently frequent to ensure that there is no overloading of the temporary storage at the site. ─ Have in place the means to respond appropriately to spillages of waste anywhere along the route within a time limit acceptable to the Proponent. ─ Provide certificates of safe disposal to the Site Engineer for all wastes disposed at the waste site. ─ Where possible, dispose the waste in a discreet location at the waste site that permits deposition and closure independently of other waste so that due diligence can be verified and documented. Burying of waste on site Prohibit the discard or burying of waste materials on site. No incidents of waste being buried on sites. Specific requirements for recycling of Separate inorganic waste into appropriately labelled waste bins for recycling. As per specification inorganic wastes Provide bins for plastics, glass, waste packaging, aluminum cans and scrap ferrous metal. Uncontaminated wood shall be made available to communities for their use (or used in a wood chipper and used for composting). Specific requirements - cement storage, use Cement/aggregate shall be stored and mixed on compacted ground in designated As per requirement and disposal areas. This ground shall be lifted and disposed of in a waste site as cover fill at the end of the construction phase. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-83 Table 4-14 Wastewater Management Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Effluent Disposal (oily wastewater) ─ Dispose of effluent in accordance with Zambian regulations on effluent water disposal ─ Method statement available and followed by staff (irrigation) requirements or World Bank Group Effluent standards, whichever is more stringent. ─ No non-conformances ─ Prepare a method statement describing effluent management at Camps that shall include, but not be limited to: ─ How effluent will be stored prior to treatment. ─ How the effluent will be treated to meet the standards required under Zambian legislation: Water Pollution Control (The Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations, S.I. No 112 of 2013.” ─ Measures to ensure that there will be no release of polluted runoff from the site. ─ Measures to prevent erosion at any discharge point. ─ The duration of the use of the site. Potentially oil-contaminated ─ In work areas for servicing of vehicles and equipment and other tasks where oils and ─ POC-contaminated areas contained, and drainage routed wastewater fuel are handled, route spillages via appropriately sized mechanical oil separators. through mechanical oil traps Undertake planned maintenance activities under roofed areas to minimize contaminated stormwater. Potentially contaminated ─ Keep potentially oil-contaminated (POC) stormwater separate from other drainage. If ─ Incident reports and corrective action report where stormwater necessary, test and treat POC storm water to remove contaminants before being contaminated water is generated released into the environment. Compliance with Zambian oil and ─ Ensure that water draining from POC areas complies with the Zambian specification for ─ Compliance with oil and grease standards for POC- grease specifications for effluent oil and grease in effluent discharged to the environment. wastewater released into the environment Vehicle wash bays ─ Regard heavy vehicle wash bay(s) as POC areas. ─ Compliance with oil and grease standards for wastewater released into the environment WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-84 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Domestic wastewater (irrigation) ─ Discard grey water (kitchens) into French drains. ─ Compliance with domestic wastewater specifications. ─ Drain sewage effluent from worker’s Camp activities to a brick or concrete -lined sump and treat it in a package sewage plant, the effluent from which shall comply with the requirements of the Zambian regulations for domestic wastewater or World Bank Group Effluent standards – whichever is more stringent. ─ Size the sewage plant in order to cater for the maximum forecast loads over the Project construction and operation periods. Undertake regular compliance monitoring of effluent quality. ─ In the event that the Contractor proposes a septic tank and soak away system, design this in accordance with a recognised standard such as ZA SANS 10400-P:2010. The septic tank shall accommodate at least three times the expected daily flow rate (approximately 90 litres per day worker) and the soak away shall meet the requirements of the standard or other recognised standards. ─ Ensure that no septic tank and soak away system is situated closer than 150 m from a community borehole. ─ For Camps and work sites, ensure that there is a sufficient complement of compositing toilets available. Potentially oil-contaminated ─ Small quantities of POC wastewater may result from the washdown of spillages in the ─ POC-contaminated areas contained, and drainage routed wastewater POC work areas at the Construction Camp. These include bunded areas for through mechanical oil traps hydrocarbon storage, the bunded generator platform and areas designated for vehicle servicing and repair. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-85 Table 4-15 Hazardous Products Management Performance Indicator(s) or Target Management Measures Verification General All applicable laws, regulations, permit and approval conditions and requirements relevant to the storage and use of hazardous Reference to waste management in materials shall be complied with. All hazardous materials shall be managed safely and responsibly. the weekly reports of the ESO Specific requirements - Chemicals that are no longer used or are past their shelf-life date shall be stored in the hazardous waste storage area at the Records of disposal disposal of unused Camps for interim storage until disposal (toxic chemicals are normally sent to incineration). chemical waste Specific requirements - ─ Should pesticides be used to control the mosquito vector in and around worker’s camps and work sites, they shall be ─ Records of pesticide use and pesticide use for vector selected to minimize negative effects on non-target organisms. eco-toxicity management control ─ The disposal of waste pesticide and pesticide containers shall be as per the ZTIP Waste Management Plan. ─ Records of selection ─ A Pest and Pesticide Management Plan must be compiled by the Contractor for approval by the Environmental Manager procedure prior to use of any chemicals. Location of planned ─ Planned vehicle and equipment maintenance shall only be undertaken at the Construction Camp. All drainage from vehicle Compliance with oil and grease maintenance facilities and machinery servicing areas shall be collected and passed through a mechanical oil separator. Waste oils and other standards for wastewater released hydrocarbon wastes shall be collected, drummed and recycled according to the requirements in the Waste Management into the environment. Plan. ─ No hydrocarbon-contaminated water may be voided into the environment. ─ The Contractor shall strictly prohibit washing vehicles or other machinery or changing lubricants in rivers, streams, ponds, or other waterways. Method statement The Contractor shall prepare a Method Statement for approval by the EHS Manager, which includes an inventory of all ─ Method Statement as per hazardous materials that will be used on site and measures to prevent: requirement ─ Soil contamination, ─ Pollution of water, ─ Accidental fires, and ─ Risk/injury to people or animals. MSDS availability The MSDSs of any hazardous chemicals/substances (including that within equipment) described in the Method Statement shall ─ Inventory of hazardous be provided to the Environmental Manager and shall be kept in the following locations: materials and MSDS’s ─ the chemical storage area, Documentation available at specified locations. ─ the office of the Contractor’s site manager Prohibition of PCBs Transformers and other equipment used on site shall use oils that are PCB-free. Documented statement by Contractor regarding PCB-free equipment Prohibition of CFCs Refrigerants used on site shall be CFC-free. Documented statement by Contractor regarding the use of CFC-free Refrigerants. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-86 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Performance Indicator(s) or Target Management Measures Verification Location of fixed-fuel Fixed fuel storage tanks shall not be located anywhere other than at the Construction Camp, approved plant yards, lay down Location of fixed fuel storage as per storage areas or campsites. requirement Enclosure and signage at ─ All fixed fuel storage shall be enclosed with a security fence that has a lockable gate. As per enclosure and signage fuel storage areas ─ Signs indicating ‘no smoking’ ‘no naked flames’ and ‘danger’ shall be provided in appropriate languages and are to conform requirements. to a recognised standard such as the South African Bureau of Standards Code 1186 or equivalent Zambian standards. ─ The capacity of the tank and the product within the tank shall be displayed using the Emergency System detailed in SABS 0232 or a similar international code. Surfacing of storage areas Fixed fuel storage shall be on a flat, impermeable surface surrounded by a bund wall capable of retaining at least 110% of the As per the storage requirement tank's volume to ensure that accidental spillage does not pollute local soil or water resources. Refuelling at fixed storage Fuel transfer at fixed fuel storage areas shall be performed on a concrete surface draining to a mechanical oil separator. No ─ As per requirement. areas hydrocarbon-contaminated water shall be released into the environment. ─ Incident and corrective action records. Refuelling in the field All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent fuel and lubricant spills in the field during the course of construction. ─ As per requirement Measures include the following: ─ Incident and corrective action ─ No overfilling of diesel bowsers records ─ Regular inspections to verify that no leaking or defective refuelling equipment is brought onto site. Capture of any fuel spills, oils or lubricants discharged during emergency vehicle servicing on site using drip trays, containers or other appropriate containment measures. Location of storage in Chemicals, fuels, lubricating oils and any other hazardous materials shall not be stored within: As per requirement relation to sensitive ─ 200 m of the full seasonal extent of any river, wetland, pan or depression environments ─ 20 m of any stormwater drainage system ─ 100 m of any community groundwater borehole Health risk awareness and The Contractor shall make his employees and subcontractors aware of the health risks associated with any hazardous ─ Records of training conducted protective clothing substances used and appropriate safety behaviour when working with or near such substances. The Construction Contractor ─ Provision of PPE shall provide workers with appropriate protective clothing/equipment in case of spillages or accidents. The necessary awareness training (including safe handling) of such hazardous substances will also be provided to employees Below ground storage No fuel or any other chemicals shall be stored below ground (either partially or completely). As per storage requirement Diesel generators Diesel power generators at the Construction Camp shall be located on a bunded impermeable surface to contain fuel spills. Spill protection around generators Diesel generators in the field shall be located on a PVC liner or drip tray to contain spills. Availability of spill clean-up In all cases, the necessary tools and materials, including absorbent material, shovels and bags shall be readily available at the Availability of spill/drip clean-up materials Construction Camp and work sites to clean up spills. An inventory of this equipment and its location on site shall be prepared and materials at specified locations included in the Contractor’s Method Statement. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-87 Performance Indicator(s) or Target Management Measures Verification Emergency spill kits Key vehicles that work at the work sites for the majority of the time must be equipped with temporary sheeting/drip trays and Sheeting/drip trays in all key absorbent materials in case of emergency maintenance in the field. vehicles Spill management and All spills of fuels, oils or other hazardous substances shall be cleaned up and measures are taken to remediate the spill. The Incident and corrective action reporting incident shall be reported to the ESO and an incident report completed. The ESO shall ensure that the spill is cleaned up and the records. incident closed out with the Contractor. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-88 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 4-16 Hazardous Waste Management Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Compliance with legislation Comply with the Zambian Regulations for the management of Hazardous Wastes ─ Comply with the Zambian Regulations for the (Hazardous Waste Regulations (SI No.125 of 2001) and Environmental management of Hazardous Wastes (Hazardous Waste Management (Licensing) Regulations SI. No. 112 of 2013). The specifications Regulations (SI No.125 of 2001) Environmental below cover key requirements, but a full listing should be obtained from the Management (Licensing) Regulations SI. No. 112 of 2013. regulations themselves. Waste generation and recycling ─ Develop waste inventories. These inventories must be updated throughout the ─ Record of waste reduction and recycling initiatives. Project. ─ Recycling bins on site ─ Stipulate the storage and disposal requirements for each waste stream. ─ Develop waste management strategies for each waste stream based on the waste management hierarchy. ─ Prepare waste management procedures for their specific scope of work and expected waste types and volumes. ─ Manage controlled waste as required by the Zambian waste regulations and Cowater International’s HSE policy. ─ Demonstrate efforts to reduce waste volumes. ─ Recycle used oils and greases, where possible, or dispose of them appropriately according to the regulation. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-89 Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Waste storage and handling ─ Comply with applicable regulatory requirements and standards regarding the ─ Evidence of waste storage containers. design and operation of all waste storage areas. ─ Evidence of waste segregation, separate bins/containers ─ Segregate all waste streams at source, where practicable. for different kinds of waste. ─ Line hazardous waste containers or construct of materials that are compatible ─ Clear labels on bins with the wastes to be stored. Keep containers in good condition, free from ─ Evidence of inspection waste storage facilities/containers corrosion, leaks or ruptures and sealed to prevent spillage. ─ Presence of spill kits ─ Label hazardous waste accordingly. ─ Record of MSDS for hazardous waste materials ─ Keep Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for stored hazardous waste, where available, at the following locations: ─ Manifest of waste removal from site - the office of the Contractor’s - the ESO’s office ─ Regard any unidentified wastes as hazardous waste and handle and store such waste. ─ Locate spill kits at hazardous liquid waste storage areas. ─ Handle waste chemicals in accordance with the appropriate MSDS. ─ Keep temporarily stored hazardous waste at the work sites on pallets underlain by a plastic liner. ─ Fully secure the storage area with lockable gates to prevent unauthorized access. ─ Inspect and empty hazardous waste storage facilities regularly. ─ Remove the contaminated soils to an area allocated by the ESO/HSE Records of treatment/disposal Manager (over a surfaced hard-standing area). Contractors shall be responsible of the management of their own contaminated soil until the following standards are met: ─ There is no hydrocarbon odour. ─ The soil particles do not coagulate as a result of hydrocarbon contamination. ─ There is no visual evidence of hydrocarbons in the soil. ─ Where there is uncertainty, the soil shall be sent for analysis. ─ Where other hazardous chemicals contaminate soils they shall be removed and disposed of as per hazardous waste disposal requirements, indicated in the MSDSs. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-90 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 4-17 Management of Chemicals Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Decanting of Chemical Substances Chemical substances shall not be decanted into bottles or ─ Compliance with the Procedure for Chemicals containers associated with beverages and food products (e.g., Management soft drinks and water bottles) even if the original labelling has been removed Handling Chemicals Handling/Management will be according to MSDS. Ensure the personnel assigned to handle chemicals are equipped with adequate PPE. Employee Awareness Carry out drills and training sessions to ensure that employees are sensitized to the safe handling, storage, use, and disposal of the chemicals. Storage of chemical substances ─ Storage will be according to MSDS. ─ Store all hazardous chemical substances in impermeable and covered areas. ─ Place chemical containers on wooden pallets or dip trays to prevent possible corrosion, spills or damage to the chemical containers that may be exposed to moisture on the floor. ─ Access to the storage area shall be controlled. ─ Incompatible substances (acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, reactive chemicals, etc.) shall be stored in separate areas. ─ Hazardous chemical substances shall not be stored together with non-hazardous chemical substances. ─ Avoid reuse of containers for different products without checking material/chemical substance compatibility. ─ Inspect containers containing chemicals regularly to check for leakages so that appropriate remedial measures are taken if any leakages are observed. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-91 Target Management Measures Performance Indicator(s) or Verification Transport of Chemical Substances ─ Any chemical substance being transported must be Compliance with ZESCO’s Procedure for Chemicals properly closed and sealed before being transported; Management ─ The transport vehicle must be appropriately equipped for the specific type of chemical substance to be transported, e.g., where required, ─ standard labels affixed, licenses to transport, spill containment measures, availability of fire extinguishers, etc.; ─ Chemical substances must be secured in such a way so as to prevent any spillage or leakage; ─ The driver and assistants responsible for the transport of chemical substances should be inducted on the clean-up of any spillage, should it occur; and ─ Respective MSDS should be available. Chemical Waste Disposal PPE shall be used when handling chemical waste as per the Correct use of PPE respective MSDS. Compliance with Waste Management Procedure ─ Empty containers for chemical substances and PPE contaminated with chemical substances must enter the hazardous waste stream and shall be managed appropriately as stated in ZESCO’s Waste Management Procedure (CO.14900.GNPR.00008) according to MSDS In addition, a Chemical Substance Site Register will be kept on site as an inventory control. The register will be a “live” document to be updated as required ; chemical record keeping will be as stipulated in ZESCO’s Management of Chemicals Plan (Doc No.: CO.14900.GNPR.00040; Version 4). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-92 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.6.6 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CONTRACTOR ─ Contractors are expected to develop and implement RMHPMP(s) commensurate with scope of works during the Construction Phase. Nonetheless, the responsibility of managing residual material and hazardous products resides with every staff member, Contractor, or worker on the Project, who must be well-informed and/or trained on the requirements or content of this RMHPMP. ─ Complete personnel required, and roles and responsibilities for implementation of the RMHPMP will be assigned by the contractors during the development of the RMHPMP. However, the effective implementation of the RMHPMP requires a comprehensive understanding of roles and responsibilities for residual material and hazardous products management by all personnel working on the Project. The Contractor hired to carry out the activities related to the Project life cycle must comply with the following obligations: ─ Communicate with the Proponent and respond to issues related to the implementation of the management plan. ─ Ensure that all subcontractors employ equipment, practices and methods of construction that comply with the E&S standards enunciated above, and, in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners and the public. ─ Implement the mitigation measures contained in the plan as well as techniques and methods to achieve management outcomes. The Contractor shall make efforts to minimize damage to the environment, control waste, avoid pollution and all other aspects that impact the environment associated with the Project. ─ Ensure the effective implementation of strategies designed to mitigate all Project impacts through communication with site staff and contractors. It is suggested that the following personnel be directly involved in implementing waste management procedures. Obviously, assigned personnel will depend upon the Contractor’s scope of activities. The following Contractor staff will be the responsible personnel: ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGER The EHS manager will: ─ Implement and review the Project RMHPMP. ─ Implement and review the RMHPMP in response to onsite and offsite accidents and emergencies associated and unrelated to the Project. ─ Implement and review initiatives and ensure the environmental waste audit and inspection programmes are carried out. ─ Implement and review the RMHPMP, with consideration for potential human health risks. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-93 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SPECIALIST The E&S specialists will be responsible for supporting the EHS Manager in implementing and reviewing all E&S management plans, including the RMHPMP, with consideration for potential human health risks, and to: ─ Review the RMHPMP and worker/community grievance register related to waste management and respond to potential human health risks. ─ Implement and review actions related to waste management. ─ Manage ground disturbance and other potential issues related to waste management sites to reduce the risk of accidents to workers and or communities. It is to be noted that a “ Waste superintendent”, where applicable, might be necessary; this, of course, will be dependant upon the Contractor's scope of works. The waste superintendent will be responsible for the operation and management of the waste management facilities (ex.: incinerator, containment berms, landfill facilities, and open burn facilities) and protocols. All stakeholders involved in the Project cycle will participate in required trainings and ensure competency for the implementation of the RMHPMP. 4.6.7 MONITORING A monitoring program will be developed within this Plan to ensure its proper implementation. The following are examples of monitoring various components, which the contractors will need to develop in accordance with their scopes. For the following components listed in Table 4-18, audits will be carried out to reconcile chain-of-custody or waybills and receipts showing the final outcome of the various waste types and volumes, i.e., whether the waste type was treated according to best industry practice and the Waste Hierarchy illustrated above. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-94 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 4-18 Monitoring Plan for Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Waste (solid Observing ─ Compliance report by ESO At the construction Weekly ESO PIU and ─ Records of waste collected and recycling Absence of waste in site wastewater) inappropriate areas At the camps ─ Manifests of waste collection and disposal at selected municipal waste disposal site Hazardous Observation ─ Approved method statement for handling hazardous Camp sites, work Ongoing ─ ESO PIU Materials materials on site sites watching ─ EHS Management ─ Compliance with requirements of approved method brief Manager statement ─ Workshop ─ Inventory of hazardous materials and MSDS’s Managers Documentation available at specified locations ─ Documentation confirming PCB and CFC free ─ Absence of ─ Camp equipment hazardous products Manager in inappropriate ─ Protection of fuel storage and camp generators as per areas requirement ─ Absence of spills ─ Availability of spill/drip clean-up materials at specified locations ─ Incident and corrective action records ─ Provision of appropriate PPE to employees ─ Records of induction training and toolbox talks ─ Records of bioremediation Hazardous Daily inspections of Compliance report by ESO Absence of leaks and On-site Facilities, Daily ESO PIU Material the status of leak- contamination tanks, separators Storage proof tanks and separators. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-95 4.7 POLLUTION PREVENTION MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.7.1 INTRODUCTION The Pollution Prevention Management Plan (PPMP) will identify Project-specific mitigation measures to be implemented by ZESCO and the Contractor to address potential impacts related to pollution issues. The PPMP will guide all pollution prevention measures for the Project. Contractors and staff will conform with the developed PPMPs. Project construction activities can generate various pollution streams that require mitigation throughout the Project cycle to prevent impacts on human health and other environmental receptors. The potential pollutants that could arise from Project activities require management to avoid negative impacts on human health and environmental receptors such as groundwater, soils, surface water, and the general ecosystem. This Pollution Prevention Management Plan (PPMP) outlines the general approach and necessary actions and measures for the overall management of pollution prevention and mitigation. It covers mainly protection of air quality and ambient noise as an important component of the pollution prevention measures are covered by the residual material and hazardous products management plan presented in section 4.6. 4.7.2 OBJECTIVES The aim of this PPMP is to ensure that potential pollution resulting from Project activities is mitigated. Potential impacts include impacts on biodiversity, communities, workers and surrounding land use. The guidance on pollution prevention provided in this plan is aligned with the following objectives: ─ Integrate into the detailed design any equipment or components that could ensure the reduction of pollutant emission during the Project life cycle; ─ change equipment or processes to eliminate or reduce pollutants emission or reduce energy use; ─ eliminate or replace toxic substances or materials; ─ identify any opportunities for Project activities to reuse or recycle pollutants emissions; ─ improve purchasing and inventory techniques. 4.7.3 REQUIREMENTS The PPMP will be developed with consideration to: ─ Relevant ZESCO environment and social management policies and commitments ─ National requirements, and ─ World Bank requirements Contractors will need to review ZESCO’s E&S management policies and commitments in addition to any National or International requirements relevant to their (contractors) work scope and responsibilities. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-96 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.7.3.1 ZESCO ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT As stated in previous sections, the Project proponent (ZESCO) has developed management procedures for: ─ Chemicals (Management of Chemicals (Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00040; dated 26/06/2023) ─ PCBs (poly-chlorinated hydrocarbons. Management of PCBs, Doc No: 14900.GNPR.00050; dated 26/06/2023) ─ Hydrocarbons (Management of Hydrocarbons, Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00010; dated 26/06/2023), and ─ a General Waste Management Procedure (Doc No: CO.14900.GNPR.00008; dated 26/06/2023) 4.7.3.2 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND POLLUTION CONTROL (ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT) REGULATIONS (CAP. 204), 1997, These Regulations provide for procedures and requirements for compulsory Project briefs and environmental impact assessment and assessment statements. The Second Schedule sets out those Projects for which an EIA may be required. The developer of a Project shall consult with local communities prior to submission of an EIA statement. The statement includes an impact management plan containing a description of measures proposed for preventing, minimizing, or compensating for any adverse impact and enhancing beneficial effects and measures to monitor pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT NO 12 OF 2011 It provides for the sustainable management of natural resources, protection of the environment, and prevention and control of pollution. THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (LICENSING) REGULATIONS, S.I. NO 112 OF 2013 Provides for the regulation of a wide variety of matters regarding environmental protection, including air quality control, waste management, hazardous waste, and other substances harmful to the environment, such as pesticides and ozone-depleting substances. Air quality threshold values are provided in Table 4-19 for the following parameters: SO2, NOx, CO, PM10 (particulates with aerodynamic parameter <10 μm), PM2.5 (particulates with aerodynamic parameter <2.5 μm), total suspended particulates (TSP), lead (Pb), dust fall, and ozone as per the Second Schedule of the Environmental Management (Licensing) Regulations (S.I. No. 112 of 2013). The World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 Global Air Quality Guidelines are also presented. When national and international standards differ, the most stringent will be applied. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-97 Table 4-19 Guideline Limits for Ambient Air Pollutants Environmental Management WHO 2021 Global Air Quality Parameter Reference Time (Licensing) Regulations (S.I. No Guidelines 112 of 2013) Sulfur dioxide (SO2) 10 minutes 500 500 (µg/m3) 1 hour 350 - 24 hours - 40 SO2 in combination with SO2 24 hours 125 - total suspended particles (TSP) 6 months 50 - (µg/m3) TSP 24 hours 120 - 6 months 50 - PM10 24 hours 70 - PM10 (µg/m3) 24 hours 70 45 3 PM2.5 (µg/m ) 12 months 15 5 Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) 1 hour 400 200 (µg/m3) 24 hours 150 40 Carbon monoxide (CO) 15 minutes 100 100 (µg/m3) 30 minutes 60 - 1 hour 30 35 8 hours 10 10 Ambient lead (Pb) 3 months 1.5 - (µg/m3) 12 months 1.0 - Dust fall 30 days Residential: 250 - (mg/m2/day) Non-residential: 500 - Ozone (O3) (µg/m3) 8 hours 120 100 4.7.3.3 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ESS3 RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT The ESS 3 on resource efficiency and pollution prevention and management aims to: ─ Promote the sustainable use of resources such as water, raw materials and energy. ─ Avoid or minimize adverse impacts from the Project activities, Project-related emissions of short- and long- lived climate pollutants, and generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. ─ Minimize and manage the risks and impacts related to pesticide use. It is required from the Borrower to consider the conditions of the Project area, and to apply resource efficiency and pollution prevention measures according to the mitigation hierarchy. The applied measures must be proportionate to the risks and impacts of the Project, and consistent with the Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) and World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHSGs). AIR QUALITY Air emissions guidelines are outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines (WHO 2021). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-98 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE NOISE According to the Environmental Management Act (2011), ZEMA is responsible for establishing noise levels and noise emission standards for construction sites, plants, machinery, and industrial activities, among others. However, those standards have not yet been developed. In this context, t he IFC’s Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines (2007) regarding noise levels will be considered. It limits noise levels near residential, institutional, and educational receptors to 55 dBA during daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and 45 dBA during nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.). Near industrial or commercial receptors, the noise limit is set at 70 dBA throughout the day. 4.7.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS The following are provided pollution prevention measures to be implemented. Table 4-20 Pollution Prevention Management Target Managements Measures Reduce dust and emissions ─ Dust caused by construction activities shall be controlled to ensure no detrimental effect generation on landowners, occupants, employees or the public. The Contractor shall comply with the Zambian Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Act and IFC/World Bank air quality guidelines for suspended particulates and ambient pollutants. These are as follows: ─ Suspended Particulates (Zambia daily standard): 120 µg/m3 ─ Dust fall: 7.5 tonnes/km2 ─ PM10: 70 µg/m3 ─ PM10 (IFC annual standard): 20 ug/m3 ─ Where considered necessary by the EHS Manager the Contractor shall demonstrate compliance with the above standard by monitoring of dust using passive air quality monitoring devices. ─ Construction vehicles shall comply with speed limits and minimize haul distances. ─ Material loads shall be suitably covered and secured during transportation to prevent the scattering of soil, sand, materials or dust. ─ The Contractor shall be responsible for any clean-up resulting from the failure by employees or suppliers to properly secure transported materials. ─ Ensure trucks transporting fine granular (sand) material are equipped with a tarpaulin to cover the material during travel between material site source and work site. ─ Drop granular material as close to the ground as possible to reduce the generation of airborne particles. ─ Take necessary precautions and control measures during dry and high wind speed conditions. ─ Avoid double handling of material where possible. ─ Covering fine material stockpiles with tarpaulins/permanent covers when not in use. ─ Maintaining the stockpile moisture level to avoid further particle entrainment, if necessary. Prevent deterioration of air ─ Carry out an initial emissions measurement to establish the baseline situation for quality due to gaseous comparison with future monitoring. emissions ─ Carry out maintenance and periodic overhaul of all machinery and vehicles assigned to the work to maintain normal operating conditions, ensure the minimization of gaseous emissions, minimize risks of soil and water contamination, and comply with noise emission standards. ─ Installation, operation and maintenance of control equipment and emissions monitoring. ─ Periodic monitoring of emissions in line with Contractor scope. Dust suppression Dust suppression measures to meet the standard shall include dust suppression along roads using water carts and, where necessary, ‘environmentally friendly’ surface binding products to achieve dust reduction. The Contractor shall ensure that sufficient watering capacity is available on site to dampen dust at all work areas and along access roads used by construction traffic, particularly in areas where there are nearby communities. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-99 Target Managements Measures Avoid soil pollution due to waste ─ Implement the Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan deposition ─ An education and awareness program should be implemented in order to instruct all workers to properly dispose of domestic waste and raise awareness of the need to preserve the environment. ─ Collect all rubble and other construction waste; ─ Identify areas properly prepared for the storage and handling of hazardous waste (pave with concrete, ensure a slope towards a retention box or septic tank and adequately protect it from the action of stormwater. Avoid changes in water quality ─ Implement the Residual Material and Hazardous Products Management Plan due to infiltration of ─ Waste and Hazardous substances with a potential to leach must be stored on an contaminants impermeable surface in a secure, sealed facility with restricted access. ─ Materials capable of containing and cleaning up fuel or oil spills (spill kits) should be available in these areas. ─ Spills must be cleaned up immediately and contaminated soils disposed of in accordance with legislation at a licensed hazardous waste disposal facility; ─ Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all hazardous substances must be available in storage areas. ─ Procedures detailed in the MSDSs must be followed in the event of an emergency. ─ Construct a designated, signposted, concrete wash down bay that is fully contained for all excess concrete and concrete wash down (e.g., plastic lined); ─ Store hazardous materials at least 60 m away from any watercourse or wetland) in a manner that includes secondary containment and prevents interaction with other materials, the environment, and accidental tampering. Avoid unnecessary noise ─ Ensure communication channels are established between EHS management and increase from proper equipment potential sensitive receptors (surrounding communities) as well as road users, including, and vehicles management but not limited to, the following information: ─ Proposed working times; ─ How long the activity is anticipated to take place; ─ What is being done, or why the activity is taking place; and ─ Contact details of a responsible person where any complaints can be lodged should there be an issue of concern. ─ Ensure unnecessary traffic volumes are reduced by developing plans to optimise vehicle usage and movement. ─ Encouraging the receipt of materials during non-peak traffic hours to avoid traffic build- up and associated noise. ─ Maintain equipment and machinery, including brakes, mufflers, catalysers, and silencers, in good running condition, clean (power washed), and free of leaks, excess oil, and grease. ─ Switch off vehicles, machines, plant equipment, generators when not in use to avoid idling of vehicles. ─ Inform drivers to limit speed in sensitive areas and to limit noise from the rear panel of dumpster truck. ─ Drivers should be sensitized on noise reduction measures through an Eco-driving attitude program. ─ Equip the compressors and generators used on site with an acoustic enclosure, a noise barrier or placing them in a soundproof box. This is particularly important in areas with sensitive receptors. ─ If blasting is required, ensure noise and vibration mapping has been realized, limit load of explosives accordingly and advise local population in advance to prevent nuisances. ─ Installation of temporary noise barriers where necessary to meet targets; however, ensuring that these do not block access to community amenities, nor impede the ability of the road users to drive in a manner that would ensure the safety of themselves and others, i.e., that the barriers do not block signage, ability to view other users and for an adequate distance ahead as well as pedestrians and hazards. ─ Short-term and simple ambient noise sampling pre-construction, during intense construction activities and in response to complaints are recommended; however, if ambient noise-related grievances are received regularly, the ambient noise monitoring program should be developed and implemented to verify construction-related emission levels, identify the main sources, and develop potential actions for improvement. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-100 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.7.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES CONTRACTOR ─ Contractors are expected to develop and implement PPMP commensurate with scope of works during the Construction Phase. Nonetheless, the responsibility of residual material and hazardous products management resides with every staff, Contractor, or worker on the Project who must be well-informed and/or trained on the requirements or content of this RMHPMP. ─ Complete personnel are required, and the contractors will assign roles and responsibilities for implementing the RMHPMP during the development of the PPMP. However, the effective implementation of the RMHPMP requires a comprehensive understanding of the roles and responsibilities for residual material and hazardous products management by all personnel working on the Project. The Contractor hired to carry out the activities related to the Project life cycle must comply with the following obligations: ─ Communicate with the Proponent and respond to issues related to the implementation of the management plan; ─ Ensure that all subcontractors employ equipment, practices and methods of construction that comply with the E&S standards enunciated above, and, in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners and the public. ─ Implement the mitigation measures contained in the plan as well as techniques and methods to achieve management outcomes. The Contractor shall make efforts to minimize damage to the environment, control waste, avoid pollution and all other aspects that impact the environment associated with the Project; and ─ Ensure the effective implementation of strategies designed to mitigate all Project impacts through communication with site staff and contractors. It is suggested that the following personnel be directly involved with implementing waste management procedures. Obviously, assigned personnel will depend upon the Contractor’s scope of activities. The following Contractor staff will be the responsible personnel: ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGER Specific responsibilities of the EHS Manager shall be as follows: ─ Ensure compliance with the measures provided for in the PPMP and report to the Proponent and to ZEMA whenever necessary on the level of implementation of the PPMP; ─ Ensure that subcontractors are informed and held accountable for the application of the recommendations presented in the PPMP; where necessary, the EHS Manager will ensure subcontractors develop their PPMP specific to their work scopes ─ Ensure that the environmental parameters are monitored as per the PPMP requirements; ─ Ensure that all environmental incidents are reported and investigated and that measures are in place to prevent reoccurrence; ─ Provide monthly reports that include an assessment of PPMP compliance, which must be supplied to ZESCO and external stakeholders such as ZEMA or Lenders as required; ─ Produce an Environmental Management Report at the end of each phase of the Project, providing an assessment of the degree of compliance with the recommendations presented in the PPMP; ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-101 ─ Review environmental performance, ensuring that action plans are in place to address non-compliance and that issues are investigated and reported to the appropriate levels within the organization; ─ Ensuring that the environmental audit and inspection programme is carried out; and ─ Ensuring that independent environmental monitoring activities are regularly conducted, the reports analyzed, and measures are implemented to address trends. ALL PARTIES All parties shall comply with all the requirements of the ZTIP ESIA and PPMP and shall, in accordance with accepted industry standards and the World Bank policies and guidelines, employ such up to date techniques, practices and methods that will ensure compliance with the requirements and in general, minimize environmental damage, control waste, avoid pollution, prevent loss or damage to natural resources and minimize effects on surrounding landowners, occupants and the general public . ENVIRONMENTAL SITE OFFICER The Environmental Site Officer (ESO) shall be appointed under the Contractor’s staff and employed full-time for the duration of the contract phase. The ESO shall perform all tasks necessary to monitor the Contractor's performance with respect to the environmental specifications in the PPMP and ensure the protection of the environment. 4.7.6 MONITORING A monitoring programme(s) will be developed to ensure relevance to the Contractor's working scope and responsibilities and to determine the mitigation measures' performance. The following are examples of monitoring components that the contractors will need to develop in line with their scopes. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-102 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 4-21 Monitoring for all Project Phases Monitored Supervision Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Method Dust and air Daily observation Observation Compliance with national and To be based on the location of Daily ESO PIU pollution at key locations ─ ESO to monitor and log international regulations sensitive receptors in relation to CLO where dust is dust incidents where construction activities. being generated dust control is ESO to prioritise locations in near sensitive No grievance ineffective or only which monitoring is required. receptors partially effective in sensitive areas. Passive sampling, ─ Log to include time of when specified by day, period over which the ESO/CLO in incident occurs, and cases where dust apparent severity (low, impact is in medium, high). question either Community Concerns due to visible evidence of public ─ Number of community complaint complaints recorded in the Compliments and Complaints register or made directly to the CLO. 250 mg/m2/day Quantitative Monitoring ─ PM10 (daily): 70 ug/m3 ─ TSP (daily): 120 ug/m3 ─ PM10 (IFC annual standard): 20 ug/m3 Fallout Dust: 250 mg/m2/day in residential areas and 500 mg/m2/day in non- residential areas (measured over 30 days) ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-103 Monitored Supervision Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Method Dust and air Check the Compliance report by ESO No grievance Along transportation routes Before the ESO PIU pollution spraying Roads adequately sprayed transportation of measures at the with water materials. material During windy transportation days roads for dust suppression. Visual inspection is performed to check the airborne dust, material handling, and transportation routes near the resident areas. Use of water Visual inspection ─ Availability of sufficient No grievance Along transportation routes As required ESO PIU carts to suppress is performed to water spray capacity to Monitoring reports in road and work check the airborne prevent dust compliance with regulations site dust dust, material ─ Absence of community handling, and complaints in transportation Compliments and routes near the Complaints Register resident areas. ─ Records of monitoring in ESO monthly reports. Change in air Weekly air quality ─ Records of Monitoring reports in Along transportation routes As required. ESO PIU quality due to monitoring (SOx, observations in ESO compliance with regulations EHS Manager gaseous COx, NOx & VOC) monthly reports emissions for 24 hours. ─ Updated maintenance associated with Monthly inspection log books. Project vehicles of vehicle ─ (Need for use of formal maintenance monitoring equipment status; to be determined by ESO, based on circumstances on site. ─ Emissions monitoring log. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-104 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Method Soil pollution due Daily inspection of ─ Registration of training Waste stored in appropriate Camps, storage areas, Project As required ESO PIU to waste facilities and awareness actions; containers footprint ESH Manager deposition Semi-annual ─ Updated waste No pollution collection of soils manifests; where fuel or oil ─ lack of waste in spills have inappropriate areas; occurred for contamination ─ Updated Maintenance analysis log book. Weekly inspection of waste manifests Monthly inspection of maintenance books Water quality ─ Presence of spill No spills observed Project footprint and Area of Monthly ESO PIU monitoring at cleaning kits; Direct Impact (ADI) EHS Manager Changes in water determined points ─ Availability of updated quality due to of the Project and complete MSDS. infiltration of footprint and Area contaminants of Direct Impact (ADI) ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-105 4.8 GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN 4.8.1 INTRODUCTION The main objective of this GBV management plan is to implement measures to prevent and respond to Project- related GBV and negative social impacts on the community, as well as promote gender equality and social inclusion. Further, it incorporates HIV/AIDS prevention measures referred to in the Community Health and Safety Management Plan. This GBV Action Plan framework follows these principles: ─ Be survivor-centered: confidentiality is key; the survivor needs to receive the required psychological, paralegal, and medical support; ─ Emphasize prevention: awareness is key and shall aim at workers and community members; ─ Build on existing local knowledge: it is important to involve existing NGOs and other institutions from each district (VSU and One Stop Centres [OSC]) as presented in the ESIA. Be evidence-based; ─ Be adaptable: the GBV framework action plan needs to be adapted to reflect site realities, adaptation (if necessary) shall be done by ZESCO once each actor is well identified and construction is planned. Each mitigation measure actor is described in the section “Actors and Activities”; ─ Enable continuous monitoring and learning: the GBV action plan includes a monitoring plan. This framework needs to be understood by the contractors and Supervising Engineer who will take active part in the GBV management. This framework must be provided to the GBV Service Provider who will be engaged to support the Contractors in GBV prevention and response. The framework provides room for adaptation based on site realities, constraints, and stakeholder discussions. It provides sufficient detail so that measures can be covenanted in the various contract agreements and to ensure the Contractor and Supervising Engineer comply with WB requirements and understand the issues at stake. Significant synergy exists between the GRM and the GBV action plans; implementing the GBV cannot be done without the GRM. The framework of this action plan shall be covenanted in various binding documents of the construction contractors, Supervising Engineer, as well as the GBV Contractor and Service Provider: ─ The Terms of Reference (ToR); ─ Financial and technical proposals; ─ Contract agreements. 4.8.2 OBJECTIVES This plan provides a framework for the various initiatives that will be introduced to describe the key stakeholder engagement actions in mitigating GBV and other negative community impacts and creating social value and equal opportunities during the pre-construction and construction phases. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-106 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.8.3 REQUIREMENTS 4.8.3.1 NATIONAL REQUIREMENTS SOCIAL SAFEGUARD FRAMEWORK FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR, MINISTRY OF ENERGY, 2023 Standards 2 – Non-Discrimination and Equal Opportunities, helps to operationalise government’s commitments and legal requirements to empower targeted citizens, including women, youth and persons with disabilities, through employment quotas and other measures to increase the participation of these groups. Standard 3 – Sexual Exploitation, Abuse and Harassment (SEAH ) is focused on prevention and response to GBV, focusing specifically on sexual exploitation, abuse, and harassment (SEAH), since this is a common manifestation of GBV in infrastructure Projects. It provides detailed guidance on what to include in the SEAH Action Plan and the Code of Conduct, including inappropriate relationships and SEAH against children. Standard 4 – Community Protection and Empowerment provides guidance on how to prevent and mitigate negative social and gender impacts associated with labour influx such as HIV/AIDS, school dropouts, child labour and unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. GENDER NATIONAL POLICY OF 2023 The Gender National Policy’s rationale is that gender equity and equality are important for enhancing inclusive development. It anchors itself in the legal framework, most notably the Gender Equity and Equality Act, No. 22, as described below. The main objective of the Gender National Policy is to eliminate gender inequalities, including: ─ To eliminate all forms of Gender Based Violence (GBV); ─ To increase equitable access, participation and control in the economic sector; ─ To reduce poverty among vulnerable groups, especially women and girls; ─ To increase women’s participation in employment; ─ To increase participation of women in governance and decision-making; ─ To increase participation of women in science and technology, transport and infrastructure development; ─ To reduce gender disparities in access to education; ─ To facilitate access to cost-effective quality and gender-responsive health care services for all; ─ To increase access to clean and safe water, sanitation and hygiene services for women and girls; ─ To improve gender responsiveness in disability, HIV/AIDS and climate change; and ─ To strengthen advocacy, coordination, monitoring and evaluation of gender programmes. CHILDREN’S CODE ACT, NO. 12 OF 2022 The Children’s Code Act criminalises child marriages and is inclusive of all children regardless of their status. CONSTITUTION (AMENDMENT) ACT, NO. 2 OF 2016 Act No.2 provides for the equal worth of women and men and their rights to freely participate in, determine and build a sustainable political, legal, economic and social order. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-107 GENDER EQUITY AND EQUALITY ACT, NO. 22 OF 2015 The Gender Equity and Equality Act promotes gender equality, prohibits gender-based discrimination, and ensures equal opportunities for all individuals regardless of their gender. It obliges public and private bodies to develop gender action plans and implement measures to increase women’s representation. EMPLOYMENT CODE ACT NO. 3 OF 2019 The Employment Code Act provides comprehensive protection against discrimination and promotes equal rights for all individuals in the workplace. It promotes affirmative action in employment and ensures equal pay and parental leave entitlement. THE CITIZEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ACT NO. 3 OF 2006 This Act establishes the Citizens Economic Empowerment Commission and aims to promote economic empowerment of targeted citizens, which includes women, youth and persons with disabilities. It obliges public and private bodies to ensure equitable representation of suitably qualified people from targeted citizens in all occupational categories and levels in the workforce. ANTI GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE ACT, NO. 1 OF 2011  The Anti Gender-Based Violence Act provides for: ─ The protection of victims of gender-based violence; ─ The constitution of the anti gender-based violence committee; ─ The establishment of the anti gender-based violence fund; and ─ Matters connected with, or incidental to, the foregoing. This Act also provides the legal background for filing GBV complaints, supporting victims, and prosecuting perpetrators. It provides the legal basis for the police's legal actions (Police Victim Support Unit). NATIONAL HIV/AIDS/STI/TB COUNCIL ACT OF 2002 The act provides for the establishment of the HV/AIDS/STI/TB council whose main function is, according to Part ii Section 4 (1) of the Act, to coordinate and provide support to the development, monitoring and evaluation of the multi-sectoral response for the prevention and combating of the spread of HIV/AIDS, in order to reduce the personal, social and economic impacts of HIV/AIDS, STI, and TB. Other Acts include: ─ National health insure act, no. 2 of 2018; ─ Anti-human trafficking act, no. 11 of 2008; ─ Citizen economic empowerment act, no. 3 of 2006; ─ Persons with disabilities act, no. 6 of 2012; ─ National youth development council act, no. 13 of 1994. ANTI-HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACT NO. 11 OF 2008 The Act aims to prevent and address human trafficking, including provisions to combat sexual exploitation and forced labour. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-108 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CONVENTIONS Zambia has ratified eight of the nine main global human rights instruments, including which all have gender implications: ─ International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD); ─ International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (“ICCPR”) and the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; ─ International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (“ICESCR”) ; ─ Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW); ─ Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT); ─ Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC); ─ International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED); ─ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). 4.8.3.2 INTERNATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ESS 2 - LABOUR AND WORKING CONDITIONS The ESS 2 aims to notably: ─ Promote health and safety in a workplace environment. ─ Promote the fair treatment, non-discrimination, and equal opportunity for the Project’s workers. It aims for inclusivity and to protect Project workers such as women, children (of working age, according to this ESS), persons living with disabilities, etc. ─ Prevent all uses of forced labor and child labour. A child under the minimum age should not be employed or engaged in the Project. The labor management procedures developed and implemented by the Borrower must specify the minimum employment age. The minimum age should be 14 years unless national law specifies a higher age. ─ Provide the Project’s workers with mechanisms to raise any workplace concerns. ESS 4 - COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY The ESS 4 recognizes that Project activities, equipment, and infrastructure can increase exposure to risks and impacts for the communities. Those that are already subject to impacts from climate change may also experience an acceleration or intensification of impacts due to Project activities. The ESS 4 addresses the health, safety, and security risks and impacts on Project-affected communities and the corresponding responsibility of Borrowers to avoid or minimize these risks and impacts. Particular attention must be given to vulnerable people. The ESS 4 aims to: ─ Anticipate and avoid adverse impacts on the health and safety of Project-affected communities during the Project life cycle. ─ Promote quality and safety, and considerations relating to climate change in the design and construction of infrastructure. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-109 ─ Avoid or minimize community exposure to Project-related traffic and road safety risks, diseases, and hazardous materials. ─ Have in place effective measures to address emergency events. ─ Ensure that personnel and property are safeguarded in a manner that avoids or minimizes risks to the Project- affected communities. ESS 5 LAND ACQUISITION, RESTRICTIONS ON LAND USE AND INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT ─ To avoid involuntary resettlement or, when unavoidable, minimize involuntary resettlement by exploring Project design alternatives. ─ To avoid forced eviction. ─ To mitigate unavoidable adverse social and economic impacts from land acquisition or restrictions on land use by: (a) providing timely compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost and (b) assisting displaced persons in their efforts to improve, or at least restore, their livelihoods and living standards, in real terms, to pre-displacement levels or to levels prevailing prior to the beginning of Project implementation, whichever is higher. ─ To improve living conditions of poor or vulnerable persons who are physically displaced through the provision of adequate housing, access to services and facilities, and security of tenure. ─ To conceive and execute resettlement activities as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable displaced persons to benefit directly from the Project, as the nature of the Project may warrant. ─ To ensure that resettlement activities are planned and implemented with appropriate disclosure of information, meaningful consultation, and the informed participation of those affected. WORLD BANK - GOOD PRACTICE NOTE ADDRESSING SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE AND SEXUAL HARASSMENT (SEA/SH) IN INVESTMENT PROJECT FINANCING INVOLVING MAJOR CIVIL WORKS ─ Recommends that SEA/SH under the GBV umbrella is analyzed as a risk to the development Project and that specific mitigation measures are implemented. ─ Provides guidelines on how to implement mitigation measures and ensure monitoring. 4.8.4 MANAGEMENT MEASURES AND ACTIONS GBV preventive and corrective measures and activities involve several actors, each acting in the different phases of the Project. The Project Actors will be required to implement measures with regards to: ─ Bidding documents and Evaluation of bids; ─ Resettlement; ─ Worker’s and Supervising Engineer Camp design; ─ Labour influx; ─ Code of Conduct; ─ Social Awareness Programme; ─ Child Labour; WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-110 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ HIV/AIDS; ─ Non-discrimination and Equal Opportunities. These are discussed below. Figure 4-6 GBV Preventive and Corrective Measures and Activities Actors for Each Phase of the Project 4.8.4.1 TRANSLATING GBV MEASURES INTO CONTRACTUAL REQUIREMENTS The bidding document and contracts for construction contractors shall include social and gender measures developed in the action plan, including the Code of Conduct, the Grievance Redress Mechanism, the measures to limit worker influx, and other GBV prevention measures. The bidding documents should clearly state how adequate GBV prevention and response measures will be paid for in the contract. The responsibility for implementing many of the prevention measures must cascade down to the Contractor and Supervisor Engineer (and often subcontractors), who have the greatest day-to-day presence on the ground and sustained interaction with affected people. The bidding document and contract shall include clear directions on how the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) shall adapt these action plan measures to become operational based on site and Project realities (the final Project design, the proposed construction method statements, the nature of the Project site, etc.). The Procurement Specialist shall include “special selection criteria” in the bidding document , such as: ─ Self-assessment of past client relationships and experience regarding gender aspects of Project construction and prevention of GBV; ─ Self-assessment of relationships with surrounding communities and stakeholders presenting past claims or grievances by NGOs, by traditional authorities, vulnerable groups, and other community members; ─ Past Projects involving an ESIA, ESMP, and RAP, and monitoring and auditing activities; ─ The development of a Worker and Labor Management Plan in line with World Bank requirements, as well as ensuring compliance with respect to the Workers Compensation Fund Control Board (WCFCB), the National Health Insurance Management Authority (NHIMA), and the National Pension Scheme Authority (NAPSA). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-111 ─ Ensure that a Letter of Clearance from the Ministry of Labor and Social Security (MLSS) is included in the evaluation and qualification criteria of the procurement documents and consider additional verification methods of HSESG performance. The bidding document and contract for construction contractors shall reflect the new requirements of the World Bank as highlighted in the documents “Summary of Environmental, Social, Health and Safety (ESHS) Enhancements Standard Procurement Documents (SPDs) & Standard Bidding Documents (SBDs)”, World Bank Good Practice Notes on Sexual Exploitation, Abuse and Sexual harassment, Gender, and Disability and Non- discrimination and the Social Safeguard Framework of the Ministry of Energy. These documents highlight that: ─ Bidders are required to make a declaration listing any civil work contracts that have been suspended or terminated for ESHS reasons. ─ Bidders must submit a Code of Conduct that will apply to their employees and subcontractors as well as their Environmental, Social, Health and Safety Policy, detailing staff in charge of E&S management. Corrective measures need to be in place in the case of GBV and GBV Contractor and Service Providers need to be involved. ─ Bidders must have a collective agreement in place, this could either be a Joint Industrial Council (JIC) Collective Agreement through an Employer Association or an individual agreement with the union. ─ Bidders must be aware that a contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (C -ESMP) will be required within a short timeframe before commencing physical work and that the C-ESMP will be reviewed and approved by the Client/Supervision Consultant (in consultation with the Design Engineers), and the World Bank before construction of the transmission line is permitted. ─ Bidders will be required to provide an ESHS Performance Security in the form of a demand bank guarantee. ─ A provisional sum should be included for ESHS outcomes, which would see contractors paid for reasonable costs of implementing the ESMP (and GBV activities); bidders will then have a consistent level of funding in their bids, neutralizing the implications of underpricing or overpricing. This could be done by including line items in the bill of quantities for well-defined ESMP activities (including GBV activities). ─ Bidders are required to demonstrate that they have suitably qualified ESHS specialists among their key personnel; key personnel must be named in the proposal and the contract. Lastly, the quality of the proposed ESHS specialists should be assessed during the evaluation of proposals. Bidders need to be aware that removal of personnel (and legal prosecution) may be requested if they engage in GBV or if their behavior breaches the Code of Conduct. ─ Contracts must contain specific ESHS reporting requirements and mention that work will be supervised for compliance regarding E&S measures. ─ Contracts must contain financial leverage. The use of contractual remedies, including suspension of disbursements and delays in payment, is recommended until there is clear evidence of an improvement in the Contractor’s performance. ─ Develop an Equal Job Opportunity and Local Content Plan with a clear process to recruit women, youth, and people with disabilities in employment positions and procure goods and services for camps from local businesses. Prime Contractor to have specific targets and measures related to: Employment and recruitment of women, identifying targeted citizens for skilled positions through engagement with NGOs, universities and training institutions, and industry associations as part of stakeholder engagement. Adopt the following minimum employment quotas: at least 85% of the workforce will be from the local communities, 30% of the total workforce will be women, 30% of the total workforce will be youth and 5% of the total workforce will be persons with disabilities. ─ Posters advertising job opportunities and encouraging women, youth and persons with disabilities to apply will be displayed at the worker camps, the work sites and in the affected communities in English and local languages. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-112 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Organize women and people with disabilities into groups as necessary and provide training for specific line of service providing such as catering and food production, camp cleaning and maintenance, repairs to PPE and construction apparel, as examples. Bidding documents and contracts for the Supervising Engineer (SE), including the Technical Specification, shall also include some specific measures from the ESMP and outline the SE’s E&S responsibilities. Activities and the costs of the resulting mitigation measures should be made explicit in both bidding documents and the final contract to ensure that they are, in fact, implemented: ─ Requirements to foresee dedicated staff with appropriate qualifications and experience to manage and monitor specific social and environmental impacts; ─ Requirements to produce regular E&S reports to assess compliance with GBV and other E&S measures; ─ Ensure that the PPE requirements in the Occupational Health, Safety and Security Management Plan to be developed include an obligation to provide PPE suitable for female workers (diverse range of body shapes and sizes); ─ Requirements to develop a SE Code of Conduct and to take active part in the Grievance Redress Mechanism; ─ Requirements to respect ratified conventions from the International Labour Organization (such as child labor, forced labor, and all other conventions that Zambia ratified; these are presented in the ESMP); ─ Requirements to respect ratified convention from the International Labour Organization, especially those related to child labor: ▪ C029 - Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29); ▪ C111 - Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111); ▪ C138 - Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138). Minimum age specified: 15 years; ▪ C182 - Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182). 4.8.4.2 EVALUATING CONTRACTORS’ PROPOSAL AND SELECTING CONTRACTORS When evaluating bidders’ proposals, it is important to evaluate the Contractor’s GBV response and confirm , prior to finalizing the contract, the Contractor’s ability to meet the Project’s GBV requirements. It is strongly recommended that Contractor`s self-assessment of previous relationships with surrounding communities and stakeholders be verified. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-113 4.8.4.3 RESETTLEMENT RELATED GENDER IMPACTS In kind compensation such as land, is usually highly recommended by lenders as World Bank. However, as detailed in the RAP, ZESCO only intends to give cash compensations. As explained in the RAP, given the context of the Project and the moderate significance of resettlement, where people will only be displaced a short distance, and given the fact that PAPs well accept cash compensation, it is considered an acceptable means to compensate PAPs. However, some women fear cash compensation would be detrimental to them because of the risk of men running away with it. To reduce risks: ─ Women shall participate in the negotiation process and sign offs, as well as be aware of the amount given as compensation. ─ The wife should be present during counselling, disclosure of the compensation packages, and when making compensation payments. ─ ZESCO’s Consent for Compensation/Disclosure form, included in the RAP , should be adapted for more than one signature in case of households in unions, including polygamous marriages. According to the Social Safeguard Standard 4 of the Ministry of Energy, documentation of ownership or occupancy and compensation payments should be issued in the names of both spouses or single heads of households as relevant. ─ In cases of risk of property grabbing or impacts on female-headed households, ZESCO shall engage the GBV Contractor to provide legal support and awareness training to village headmen to ensure displaced women have equal access to land. It is highly recommended that all compensation payments be made before beginning construction. Lastly, to reduce the risk to female-headed households during resettlement, an awareness program will be implemented during Project preparation, aiming at Traditional Authorities (TAs) to ensure women have equal access to land. 4.8.4.4 PROPER WORKERS AND SUPERVISING ENGINEER CAMP DESIGN The PIU shall engage with communities to select the most suitable place for the workers’ camps. Certain measures can be covenanted in future contractor contracts, such as: ─ The workers’ camps shall be fenced, gender segregated and clearly delineated to control entrance; ─ Locker rooms and latrines shall be well-lit and gender segregated and should lock from the inside; ─ Posters on Anti-GBV and the GRM will be displayed at the worker camps, the work sites and in the affected communities in English and local languages, signalling to workers and the community that the Project site is an area where GBV is prohibited; ─ Bus tickets shall be provided for national workers to go back to their families regularly (ideally on pay weekends); ─ Unskilled labor shall be sourced from the affected communities and a local hiring plan shall be developed in the C-ESMP; ─ Posters on the principles of Equal Opportunities and Non-discrimination, including the employment quotas for women, youth and persons with disabilities, will be displayed at the worker camps, the work sites and in the affected communities in recruitment centres or public areas in English and local languages, to encourage these groups to apply. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-114 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.8.4.5 MANAGEMENT OF WORKERS’ INFLUX Workers’ influx shall be managed at two levels: ─ Each construction Contractor shall include, in their C-ESMP, local content measures to favour community members for unskilled jobs and this will be communicated widely to discourage movement towards the Project. ─ The PIU shall carry out meetings with village headmen to sensitize them on the risk of workers’ influx and on the need to report any cases of development of shantytowns. 4.8.4.6 CODE OF CONDUCT FOR ALL WORKERS (FORMAL, INFORMAL, AND THOSE FROM SUBCONTRACTORS) The contractors and Supervising Engineer will design, implement, maintain and monitor a Code of Conduct (CoC) (see Section 4.10) based on the following principles regarding GBV: ─ The CoC must detail how the contractors and the Supervising Engineer intend to prevent GBV, but also other forms of misconduct such as speeding on roads, drinking on site, bribery, and poaching. It must list all the prohibited activities and associate a penalty measure to each breach. The CoC shall also list actions that are criminal offences by national legislation. ─ The CoC must be translated into local language and induction trainings must be given to all workers who need to sign it. The CoC shall be annexed to all workers’ contracts, and the Contractor will keep the signed copy, which should be available upon inspection. Informal workers and subcontractors are subject to the same CoC obligations as regular workers and their compliance is the Contractor’s responsibility. ─ A copy of the CoC shall be displayed in a location easily accessible to the community. It shall be provided in languages comprehensible to the local community and all Contractor’s personnel (including subcontractors). ─ Generally, the CoC should include the following: ▪ Clear definition of GBV, including SEAH, based on Zambian law and measures to address any gaps against World Bank ESS. ▪ Prevention and Response Action Plan so that workers understand behavior expectations and policies. ▪ Sanctions and disciplinary measures. ▪ GBV Reporting tools and accountability and response protocols. ▪ Support and resources to address GBV aspects. A draft CoC is provided in Appendix F of MOE’s Social Safeguard Framework. The CoC shall include the following sections: 1 An introduction on commitments to comply with applicable laws, rules, and regulations, including ILO conventions, World Bank ESSs, GBV definitions and the commitment to protect the local community (including vulnerable and disadvantaged groups) and the Contractor’s personnel; 2 A paragraph on the use of illegal substances; 3 A paragraph on how to interact with the local communities, members of the local communities, and any affected person(s) (for example, to convey an attitude of respect to their culture and traditions); 4 A paragraph describing how the Contractor commits to identifying GBV amongst his workers and subcontractor workers; ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-115 5 A paragraph defining Project-related GBV risks and how the Contractor intends to prevent GBV amongst his workers and subcontractor workers; 6 A paragraph presenting the procedure to address breaches to the CoC. Disciplinary sanctions should be part of a process that is entirely internal to the employer and placed under the full control and responsibility of its managers and is conducted in accordance with the applicable Zambian labor legislation and the individual worker’s employment contract. Sanctions for less severe cases shall be staged as follows: a. Informal warning; b. Formal warning; c. Additional training on the CoC; d. Loss of up to one week's salary; e. Suspension of employment for a determined period; f. Termination of employment and referral to the police or other authorities, as warranted (in case of severe GBV the sanction must go directly to f). 7 A paragraph stating the commitment to protect children (i.e., including prohibitions against sexual abuse, or unacceptable behavior towards children); 8 A commitment to report violations of the CoC to the local law enforcement; 9 A commitment to collaborate with GBV Contractor and to be audited by an external person such as the Supervising Engineer or third-party; 10 A commitment on non-retaliation against workers who report violations of the CoC and a GBV allegation procedure to help workers report cases of GBV; 11 A commitment on induction training and awareness programs, including the frequency of these trainings; 12 Lastly, a paragraph on how the Contractor intends to monitor GBV and the dedicated Specialist to manage ESHS issues. All employees of contractors (including sub-contractors), supervising Engineers and other consultants with a footprint on the ground in the Project area shall sign the CoC after job orientation and induction trainings. The CoC should be written in plain language. Employees sign the CoC to indicate that they have: ─ Received a copy of the CoC; ─ Had the code explained to them and they have followed an induction training on GBV; ─ Acknowledged that adherence to this CoC is a condition of employment; ─ Understood that violations of the CoC can result in dismissal or referral to legal authorities for prosecution. 4.8.4.7 SOCIAL AWARENESS PROGRAM FOR ALL WORKERS AND COMMUNITY MEMBERS A Social Awareness Program is the basic requirement for all workers and community members as stipulated by the Social Safeguards Framework of the Ministry of Energy. An HIV awareness plan was also the most commonly proposed measure by community members during the 2017 rounds of public consultations. The Social Awareness Program should cover various work-related measures (health and safety) but also the Code of Conduct, HIV/STDs, SEAH, Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), and alcohol abuse, GBV and the GRM. The programme may also include training in financial literacy and joint decision-making in households and encourage workers to form saving groups among themselves or in the community. This would help reduce higher disposable income thus contributing to reducing alcohol abuse, risky sexual behaviours and GBV occurrences. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-116 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE The Social Awareness Programme will comprise of induction trainings for all workers (including supervisors and managers), bi-weekly toolbox talks, quarterly refreshment trainings and community awareness meetings. The Social Awareness Programme will also be extended to the pre-construction phase by including pre-bid awareness meetings and on-boarding training for the Supervising Engineers and Contractor on the social and gender requirements, including GBV and HIV prevention and response measures. During the induction trainings, representatives from the One Stop Centre (VSU officer, medical officer, legal officer and psycho-social counsellor) shall ideally be present to share information about the services provided by the OSCs and explain the national laws that make sexual harassment and gender-based violence a punishable offence. Discussions with the Police Victim Support Unit (VSU) in Lusaka have highlighted the fact that many contractors refuse to involve the VSU in induction trainings. It is, therefore, important to highlight in the contractors’ contract the mandatory presence of VSU and other OSC representatives during induction training. Workers will also be sensitised on the content of the Code of Conduct as part of the induction training. Upon completion of this training, workers will be asked to sign a document confirming that they have followed the training course, and they understand the implications of the Code of Conduct. Table 4-22 below provides more information about the Social Awareness Programme. Table 4-22 Table Social Awareness Programme Description, GBV Management Plan When/ Training Target Audience Responsible Frequency PRE-BIDDING PHASE AND CONTRACTOR/SUPERVISING ENGINEER ON-BOARDING PHASE Pre-bid awareness meeting on the social and Bidders Pre-bid ZESCO gender requirements (2h) Presentations from MOLSS, CEEC, ZWES, and ZPPA may be considered On-boarding training on the implementation, Supervising Engineer Contract award ZESCO/GBV monitoring, and reporting of the social and gender Contractor requirements (4h) On-boarding training on the implementation, Senior Management of Contract award ZESCO/GBV monitoring, and reporting of social and gender selected Contractor Contractor requirements (4h) CONSTRUCTION PHASE: WORKPLACE Induction Training on the social and gender All Contractor staff Inception Contractor (S&G requirements, including CoC (4h) Manager)/GBV Contractor Toolbox talk on social and gender issues such as Workers of the Twice per week Contractor (S&G SEAH, Child Labour and HIV/AIDS (5-10 min) Contractor Manager) Refresher Training on the social and gender Managers of the Bi-annually ZESCO/Supervising requirements for Managers (2h) Contractor Engineer Refresher Training on social and gender issues for Workers Quarterly Contractor (S&G Workers (1h) Manager) CONSTRUCTION PHASE: COMMUNITY Training for GRMC members on the procedure of Members of the Prior to ZESCO/Supervising receiving, recording, and tracking complaints (2h) GRMC Contractor Engineer/GBV mobilization Contractor Community Awareness Meetings on the social and Community members Quarterly Contractor (S&G gender requirements in the Project, the CoC and Manager)/GBV GRM (2h) Contractor ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-117 Lastly, the contractors and Supervising Engineer must identify local clinics that offer tests for STDs and medication; workers need to know where they can get tested. One of the main risks of GBV relates to child marriage (see impact chapter). Therefore, community sensitization shall be aimed at all community members, including young girls. This could be done at the school level with the involvement of teachers and the Ministry of Education. 4.8.4.8 MEASURES AGAINST CHILD LABOR The construction contractors and Supervising Engineer shall enforce the ratified conventions from the International Labour Organization, especially those related to child labor: ─ C029 - Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29); ─ C111 - Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111); ─ C138 - Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138); ─ C182 - Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182). According to article 3 of the Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138), the minimum age for admission to any type of employment or work which, by its nature or the circumstances in which it is carried out, is likely to jeopardise the health, safety, or morals of young persons shall not be less than 18. According to article 7, National laws or regulations may permit the employment or work of persons 13 to 15 years of age on light work which is not likely to be harmful to their health or development and not such as to prejudice their attendance at school, their participation in vocational orientation or training programmes approved by the competent authority, or their capacity to benefit from the instruction received. Construction sites are likely to be harmful to a child of 13 to 15 years of age, therefore the minimum age to work on site shall be 18. The Contractor will be required to keep copies of all employees' national identity documents to ensure that there are no underage workers. 4.8.4.9 HIV/AIDS PREVENTION MEASURES Integrating HIV, gender and human rights aspects into capital Projects is a key strategy in the Zambia National HIV/AIDS Strategic Framework, 2017-2022. Given the interconnection between HIV, GBV and gender, it is recommended that a holistic approach is adopted in the GBV Action Plan. The role of the GBV Contractor (as outlined in chapter 5 on Institutional Arrangements) will also include HIV/AIDS prevention and response. Specific HIV measures to be implemented include the following: ─ Provision of condoms at the toilets at all work sites and camp sites ─ Behavioural Change Communication Campaign on HIV/AIDS, GBV/SEAH, gender equality (30% employment target for women), disability inclusion and other social aspects targeting communities and workplace using different methods (awareness meetings, radio, road shows, drama, social media, IEC, etc.) to be conducted quarterly at all work sites and Project-affected communities. ─ Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) offered quarterly at all work sites and Project-affected communities, testing for HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), blood pressure, and tuberculosis (TB). ─ Establish contact with the Provincial AIDS Coordination Advisor (PACA) and the Districts AIDS Coordination Advisor (DACA). The PACA and DACA, in cooperation with the Districts AIDS Task Force (DAFT) and Community AIDS Task Force (CAFT), should be involved in all aspects of GBV and HIV management. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-118 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.8.4.10 NON-DISCRIMINATION AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES MEASURES During the recruitment of workers, the Contractor must comply with the employment quotas for targeted citizens indicated in Ministry of Energy’s Social Safeguard Framework, stating that 30% of the workers should be women, 30% youth and 5% persons with disabilities. Specific measure to achieve the employment quotas will be implemented by the Contractor with support from the PIU and GBV Contractor: ─ Identify targeted citizen for technical positions by engaging with NGOs, universities and training institutions, and industry associations, including the Zambia Women in Engineering Section. ─ Identify targeted citizens in the community for unskilled and skilled positions, through engagement with traditional leaders and other community leaders, the District AIDS Coordination Advisor (DACA) at the local councils, and the Provincial Gender Officers under Gender Division. ─ Ensure that posters with information about the employment quotas are put up on the notice board of all project sites and in the community. ─ Ensure that all job adverts specifically encourage women, youth and persons with disabilities to apply. ─ Conduct weekly toolbox talks to raise awareness among workers about the employment quotas and benefits of gender equality, youth participation and disability inclusion. ─ Adopt the principles of universal design and reasonable adjustments principles, taking necessary measures to make the workplace accessible and supportive of disabled employees. 4.8.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 4.8.5.1 PROJECT PREPARATION Table 4-23 presents the responsibilities of each actor during Project preparation. Table 4-23 GBV Action Plan Actors during Project Preparation Project Actors Responsibility Regarding this Action Plan Consultant hired by the The Consultant responsible for the development of this ESMP has identified potential GBV implementing agency contractors, GBV Service Providers and has met with the community to discuss ways to address Project related GBV. Project implementation unit of the The PIU shall supervise this action plan and take part in the following prevention implementing agency measures: ─ Proper workers and Supervising Engineer camp design; ─ Management of workers’ influx. The PIU (or ZESCO) is responsible for compensation payment and shall, according to its internal procedure on resettlement, ensure women are involved in compensation negotiations and sign-offs. Procurement Specialist of the The Procurement Specialist shall: implementing agency ─ Translate GBV measures into contractual requirements; ─ Evaluate contractors’ proposals and include environmental and social criteria in the selection process; ─ Include measures regarding workers and Supervising Engineer camp design. Bidders Bidders shall provide their proposal considering the requirements of this action plan. This includes detailing how the Code of Conduct (CoC) will be implemented and how it will be introduced into conditions of employment and engagement, what training will be provided, how it will be monitored, and how the Contractor proposes to deal with any breaches. GBV contractor(s) A GBV Contractor shall be involved during compensation and resettlement whenever a widow or female-headed household has difficulties in finding land or is a victim of property grabbing. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-119 4.8.5.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION Table 4-24 presents the responsibility of each actor. Table 4-24 GBV Actors during Project Construction Project Actors Responsibility Regarding this Action Plan Project implementation unit The PIU shall supervise this action plan. of the implementing The PIU shall have a Social and Gender Specialist as part of their team. agency The PIU shall identify a GBV Contractor (s) to hire and local GBV Service Provider(s) before construction based on the recommendations in this Action Plan. The PIU shall participate in the GBV complaint team (see below for an explanation). The PIU shall monitor the implementation of the action plan, by incorporating social and gender key performance indicators in the monthly reporting template for the Contractor. Construction contractors The actual responsibility for implementing many of the GBV prevention measures must cascade down to the Contractor, who has the greatest day-to-day presence on the ground and sustained interaction with affected people. Contractors are also responsible for including GBV prevention measures in subcontractors’ contracts. ─ Contractors must design, implement, and maintain a Code of Conduct (CoC) for all workers (formal, informal, and those from subcontractors). ─ Contractors must implement a social awareness program. ─ The Contractors must report all cases of GBV to the PIU and participate in the GBV Resolution Mechanism and take part in the GBV complaint team (see below for an explanation). ─ The Contractors must take corrective action in cases of GBV from their staff. ─ Contractors’ managers must be trained on the GBV Action Plan. ─ The Contractor must engage a Social and Gender Specialist as part of their team who will take the lead in implementing the Action Plan together with the GBV and GRM Service Provider. ─ The Contractor must provide progress reports on the implementation of the action plan as part of the monthly reporting to the PIU. Supervising Engineer The Supervising Engineer will supervise the implementation of the GBV Action Plan by the Contractor and Service Provider. The Supervising Engineer must design, implement, and maintain a Code of Conduct (CoC) for all staff. The Supervising Engineer must implement an awareness program for all its staff. The Supervising Engineer must engage a Social and Gender Specialist as part of its team. The Supervising Engineer must implement a Contractor control system which includes auditing all subcontractors to report all cases of GBV to the PIU and participate in GBV Resolution Mechanisms. The Supervising Engineer must take corrective action in cases of GBV from his staff and take part of the GBV complaint team (see below for explanation). The Supervising Engineer must be trained on the GBV action plan. GRM focal point The GRM focal point must liaise with the GBV Contractor in cases of grievances related to GBV. Once in place, they must be trained on collecting GBV allegations. GBV contractors The GBV Contractor is a GBV Service Provider which shall be hired by ZESCO to support the Construction Contractors in implementing social and gender preventive and corrective measures, including the GBV Management Plan. The responsibilities of the GBV Contractor shall include but not be limited to the following areas: GBV and HIV/AIDS prevention and response, promotion of worker’s rights, non-discrimination and equal opportunities and Social Awareness and Community Engagement. ─ The role and responsibilities of the GBV Contractor is detailed in Chapter 5, institutional framework. The GBV Contractor will work closely with local GBV Service Providers such as One-Stop Centres, Victim Support Units and health clinics to ensure that GBV survivors receive adequate support. GBV Service Provider (s) These are organisations offering specific services for GBV survivors such as health services, psychosocial support, shelters etc. Local GBV Service Providers include Victim Support Units (VSU), Health clinics, One-Stop Centres as well as NGOs providing shelters, legal aid and other support. The roles of these organisations are outlined below. One Stop Centres (OSCs) In districts where fully operational OSCs are present in the health clinics, survivors of GBV will be provided with all services (medical, legal and psychosocial support) in the same facility. The Victim Support Unit, which has a police officers assigned to the OSCs, will play an important role in creating awareness and managing complaints (see details below). Victim Support Unit (VSU) The VSU shall be integrated into this action plan. They shall be involved at two levels: WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-120 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Project Actors Responsibility Regarding this Action Plan ─ Induction training with all workers: it is recommended that the GBV Service Provider engages the VSU to conduct part of the induction training and that police officers be wearing their uniform to ensure workers understand the law regarding GBV; Take part in the GBV complaint team and ensure legal prosecution in case of unlawful acts (see below for explanation). Health clinic The clinic shall provide necessary medical support for cases that require medical assistance and emergency treatment, which cannot be handled by the medical staff of the GBV Contractor. Community Based Community Based Champions are well respected community members that can be selected to Champions become informants for the GRM focal point and the GBV Service Provider. They must be trained on the GBV action plan. Provincial AIDS The PACA’s work under of National Aid Council and are responsible for overseeing and Coordination Advisors monitoring the HIV/AIDS activities in the provinces. The DACAs are situated in the local councils (PACA) and District AIDS and are responsible for mainstreaming of HIV/AIDS, gender and human rights at district level. Coordination Advisors They should work closely with the Contractor and GBV Service Provider. (DACA) 4.8.6 GBV MANAGEMENT PLAN PROCEDURE The following section outlines the overall GBV plan procedure. It illustrates the development of a GBV Action Plan, dissemination of information on the GBV Action Plan, ), reporting and detection of GBV cases),), providing support to the survivor, GBV Reporting and Resolution Mechanism. 4.8.6.1 DEVELOPMENT OF A GBV ACTION PLAN ZESCO must develop a detailed GBV Action Plan for the project, which shall apply to workers and community members. The Action Plan needs to include specific arrangements for the Project by which GBV/SEAH risks will be addressed. This includes considerations such as: ─ Awareness raising strategy, which describes (i) how workers and local communities will be sensitized to SEAH risks and (ii) the worker’s responsibilities under the CoC; ─ How the Project will provide information to employees and the community on how to report cases of SEAH in violation of the CoC to the GRM; ─ The GRM process for notifying the Contractor of allegations; ─ GBV service providers to which GBV survivors, including SEAH survivors, will be referred, as well as the services that will be available. See the GBV Dashboard; ─ Plans to coordinate with others working on GBV and SEAH in the community and district, such as NGOs, churches, and health clinics. The SEAH Action Plan should include an Accountability and Response Framework detailing how SEAH allegations will be handled. The framework should include, as a minimum: ─ How allegations will be handled, in what timeframe, and the range of possible disciplinary actions for violation of the CoC by workers, taking account of due process; ─ Protocols on responding to survivors, applying the survivor-centred approach, including a referral pathway to refer survivors to appropriate support services; ─ Procedures that clearly lay out confidentiality requirements for dealing with cases; ─ Specific provisions to address allegations involving children who are survivors of SEAH; ─ Procedures for review of complaints or incident reports. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-121 ─ Protocols for protection of whistleblowers and prohibition on retaliation against survivors. 4.8.6.2 DISSEMINATING INFORMATION ON THE GBV ACTION PLAN It is important that the GBV action plan be disseminated and publicly announced so that people are aware of the zero tolerance against GBV and the reporting procedure in place. Normally, this awareness campaign is to be done by a GBV Contractor. During these awareness campaigns, the term GBV shall be clearly defined and the scope of the action plan should be presented. The reporting procedure shall also be presented during these campaigns. The GRM, including the GRM for GBV, shall also be promoted to local communities, workers, and all stakeholders. The Project actors involved in the Stakeholder Engagement Plan must provide information to employees and the community on how to report cases of GBV. 4.8.6.3 DETECTING GBV It is important that all social and gender related incidents such as GBV, discrimination, labour exploitation should be reported and investigated. In order to detect GBV, three mechanisms shall be in place: 1 GBV Allegation Procedures (3) that needs to be publicly presented during consultations with communities as well as during induction training with workers. This procedure falls under the responsibility of the GBV Contractor. 2 The regular GRM and the Worker’s GRM where victims can convey their grievances or complaints (1) or through the community-based Champions that can identify any cases. 3 Contractor Control System from the Supervising Engineer as part of its audit on ESHS where victims can be identified. GBV GRIEVANCE MECHANISM Once GBV is detected, it must be addressed through the existing grievance management plan, either through the community GRM committee (refer to ZESCO’s Stakeholder Engagement Plan) or the worker’s GRM, whichever applies. The GRM committee must be sensitised on their legal obligations when it comes to reporting SEA/SH cases to the police. Reporting should be done in accordance with the law, especially in cases that require mandatory reporting of certain types of GBV allegations, such as sexual abuse of a minor. When there is no legal obligation to report the case according to the local law, survivors make the decision of whether to report cases to the GM for resolution and to other service providers. Reporting of a case to anyone can only be made with the consent of the survivor. The following actions shall be undertaken: ─ Assess whether the Project Grievance Redress Mechanism adequately handles GBV/SEAH complaints, given the risk of stigmatisation and reprisals against survivors. Consideration should be given to a separate GBV/SEAH GRM system, potentially operated by a GBV Contractor - with feedback to the Project GRM. ─ Develop and implement internal grievance and support that is accessible to all employees, pays special attention to the different realities of female and male survivors of GBV, and includes the possibility of denouncing any form of harassment or intimidation. Ensure proper actions are taken according to the Zambian legislation in harassment cases. ─ Develop and implement an external gender-sensitive grievance redress mechanism that is accessible to all segments of the general population and communities, pays special attention to the different realities of female and male victims of GBV, and includes the possibility of denouncing any form of harassment or intimidation. Ensure proper actions are taken according to the Zambian legislation in harassment cases. ─ Implement and follow up on gender-sensitive grievance redress mechanisms, paying special attention to the different realities of female and male victims of GBV or sexual harassment. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-122 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Once a GBV or sexual harassment case has been reported to and recorded, the case will be handed over to a formal referral pathway. ─ Whenever GBV complaints are brought up, the GRM focal point must keep allegations confidential to safeguard the survivor’s identity and refer the survivor to a local GBV Service Provider through the Referral Pathway mentioned in section 4.8.5.5. ─ While all GBV-related complaints will be recorded in a special GBV GRM register, the complainant should be allowed to handle the case through a formal or informal complaint procedure (the former requiring a formal investigation). ─ Global best practice recognizes that responding appropriately to a survivor’s complaint is essential by respecting the survivor’s choices. This means that the survivor’s rights, needs and wishes are prioritized in every decision related to the incident. The survivor of GBV who has the courage to come forward must always be treated with dignity and respect. Every effort should be made to protect the survivor's safety and well- being, and any action should always be taken with the survivor’s consent. These ste ps serve to minimize the potential for re-traumatization and further violence against the survivor. 4.8.6.4 OFFERING THE SURVIVOR SUPPORT The GBV Service Provider hired by ZESCO (The GBV Contractor) must be able to provide both prevention and response services through a holistic and integrated approach to GBV, HIV and other social and gender impacts1. The role and specific tasks of the GBV Service Provider is outlined in Chapter 5. When a case of GBV has been identified or reported, the GBV Contractor will quickly be mobilised to site or to the community to meet with the victim. Depending on severity the case and the wish of the survivors, response services will either be provided by the GBV Contractor’s staff (which should include a medical nurse and psychosocial counsellor) or by local GBV Service Providers such as One-Stop Centers (OSC). OSCs are located in the health clinics and offer all key services (health, psychosocial, and legal) under one roof to avoid survivors moving from one place to another. With the exception of Chitambu in Central Province, all project affected districts have OSCs. For severe GBV cases that require mandatory reporting to the police, such as sexual abuse of a minor, will always be referred to OSCs since these organisations have representation from Victim Support Unit of the Police. The VSU is in charge of legal procedures against the perpetrator. In areas where the OSCs is not accessible, the GBV Contractor will assist the survivor in accessing services from the closest health clinic and Victim Support unit. 4.8.6.5 GBV RESOLUTION MECHANISM GBV allegations will be handled by the GBV complaint team in accordance with the Accountability and Response Framework of the GBV Action Plan (see 4.8.6.1) and in accordance with the law, the employment contract, and the Code of Conduct. The GBV complaints will include representation from the following project actors: GBV Contractor, GRM Service Provider, the Construction Contractor, the Project implementation unit, and the Supervising Engineer. A representative from the VSU for suspected unlawful acts could also be considered. The resolution mechanism is as follows: ─ Receiving and handling GBV complaints either directly or indirectly through the GRM focal point. ─ Providing the survivor with support, which should include advice and referrals on health services, psychological, and legal support. ─ With the survivor's consent, the case is reviewed by the GBV complaints team, and referred either to the Contractor for an internal investigation, or to the Police for criminal investigation. The GRM complaint team may assign the Social and Gender Specialist of the Supervising Engineers to support and supervise the internal investigations conducted by the Contractor. 1 The GBV Referral Pathway can be accessed online: https://www.gender.gov.zm/?page_id=1616 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-123 ─ Depending on the outcome of the investigation, the GBV complaint team collectively recommends sanctions to be applied to the perpetrator (action and work-related sanction). It is important to note that disciplinary sanctions are intended to be part of an internal process of the employer. However, this internal process must be aligned with the Accountability and Response Framework of the GBV Action Plan (see 4.8.6.1). ─ Reasonable adjustments should be made to the alleged perpetrator’s or survivor’s work schedule and work environment, preferably by moving the perpetrator rather than the victim. The employer should provide adequate leave to survivors seeking services. If a criminal case is suspected, the case should be referred and investigated by the police. ─ If necessary, the VSU takes the lead on the case for legal prosecution to be enacted if there is a legal obligation to report the crime, such as sexual abuse of minors. ─ The GBV Contractor closes the case upon resolution and advises the GRM focal point, who notes the resolution. ─ If the survivor does not wish to place an official complaint, with the Employer, the complaint is closed. ─ All members shall keep GBV allegation reports confidential. ─ The World Bank shall be notified for severe cases and when the cases are closed (8). ─ The GBV Service Provider shall identify and fight against the risk of retaliation in case of reporting cases. ─ This resolution mechanism must be consistent with national law and labor legislation. Since traditional ways of dealing with GBV are usually not in favor of women (see ESIA analysis on the topic) and since the confidentiality of women needs to be guaranteed, it is not recommended to involve traditional authorities in the GBV complaints team unless they are known GBV prevention champions. 4.8.7 MONITORING Through the Contractor Control System, which includes auditing all subcontractors, the Supervising Engineer shall identify cases of GBV and monitor the performance indicators. He shall report all cases of GBV and participate in GBV Resolution Mechanisms. The Supervising Engineer should monitor and report on the effectiveness of the GBV action plan implementation to prevent and mitigate GBV risks associated with the Project. The GBV Contractor shall also be in charge of regularly writing confidential reports destined for the PIU/Supervising Engineer and the World Bank. These reports shall describe the cases in which a GBV Resolution Mechanism was implemented. 4.8.7.1 KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS A performance monitoring procedure including a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) shall be developed by the Contractor to ensure meaningful and effective assessment and management of GBV aspects in line with IFC PS2 and IFC PS 4 and national requirements. Monitoring shall be carried out with the appropriate checklists and follow up measures. PIU and Contractor shall follow implementation of corrective measures. A list of monitoring measures and KPIs has been described in Table 7-1. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-124 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.8.7.2 INTERNAL REPORTING The Contractor and Supervising Engineer shall be responsible for providing monthly reports of gender and GBV- related issues during the pre-construction and construction stages. It is expected that, as a minimum, the following information will be disclosed to key stakeholders (Table 4-25). Table 4-25 Gender and Social Reporting Metrics Topic Metrics Management System ─ Environmental and Social Management System - key related GBVH risks and incidents associated with the Project The percentage of workers that have signed a CoC. Labour and Working ─ Number and percentage of Foreigners, Zambians, community members (locals), Condition women, youth and persons with disabilities in the workforce ─ Number and percentage of women, youth and persons with disabilities in unskilled, skilled, technical, and management positions ─ Gender pay gap Training and Awareness ─ Percent of employees completing the Induction Training ─ Number of Toolbox Talks conducted on social and gender issues, including GBV and HIV ─ Number of refreshment trainings conducted for workers and managers ─ Number of community awareness meetings Community Health, Safety ─ Percent of gender safety incidents and Security GBV Management ─ Number of measures to improve gender equality and reduce risks associated with GBV ─ Percent of incidents of GBV and percent of referred survivors HIV/AIDS Management ─ Number of Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCTs) conducted in the workplace and the community ─ Number of employees and community members using the VCT service (disaggregated by sex, age and disability) Social and Gender ─ Number of reported GBV incidents (workforce and community) Incidents ─ Number of social and gender incidents (other than GBV) such as discrimination, child labour and trafficking ─ Percent of GBV and other social and gender incidents handled and resolved within the stipulated timeframe The reporting forms and KPIs will be reviewed at least semi-annually during the performance measurement. 4.8.7.3 EXTERNAL REPORTING The Supervising Engineer, in collaboration with ZESCO, shall be responsible for providing annual reports to key external stakeholders on the project's social and gender inclusion performance and providing updates on any key GBV issues and related grievances. 4.8.7.4 RECORD KEEPING Records are essential to keep track of the implementation of all GBV actions the Contractor has committed to (registers, procedures, minutes of meetings, mapping, trainings completed, etc.). Once completed, records are permanent documents that are no longer modified, as they demonstrate the results of an activity that has been performed. Detailed records pertaining to the various components of GBV-related activities of importance to the Contractor will be maintained for the duration of the Project (as a minimum). Records will ensure proper data collection takes place on stakeholders engaged and the outcome of the engagements will be an important component of monitoring and evaluation activities. Hard copies will be digitised as much as possible. Those that cannot be digitised, for any reason, will be stored in secure boxes. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-125 Electronic back-ups - Backup copies will be made as per the existing IT protocols. Archives – Backup systems and documents will be kept in a safe and secure space. Electronic files are kept for the entire lifetime of the Project. The following records need to be kept: Table 4-26 GBV and Gender Inclusion Record Keeping Requirements Records Description Contents Contact details of service providers Sex-disaggregated data Breakdown of employees by position and gender % Of women in the management team Engagement results on GBVH aspects Minutes of meetings Record of all materials disclosed to stakeholders, including presentation Information disclosure materials Training records Training scheduled with regard to GBV and gender inclusion Key confidential GBV complaints and grievances received as per Grievance Complaints/grievance records Management Plan 4.9 WORKER GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM During the implementation of the Project activities, it is possible that disputes/disagreements between the Project developer and workers may arise. The worker grievance redress mechanism (WGRM) shall be prepared to comply with the WB’s ESS 2 and the MOE’s Social Safeguard Framework as soon as the construction contract is awarded but before the works start. This document provides the official framework to be developed by the Contractor for the proposed actions associated with the submittal, recording, analysis, and treatment of employee grievances associated with workplace concerns. ZESCO should also develop its own Worker Grievance Redress Mechanism applicable for both the construction and operation phases. The objective of the proposed worker grievance redress mechanism is to respond to Project workers' complaints quickly and transparently and ensure that they have avenues for presenting and addressing their grievances related to any aspect of the work on the ZTIP. 4.9.1 SUBMITTING A GRIEVANCE The employer will need to offer various ways for an employee to submit a grievance, including the possibility of doing it anonymously, that is: ─ Verbally to their direct manager or another contractor’s management team representative. This person will be responsible for following and ensuring treatment of the grievance. ─ In writing using, or not, an official grievance form and deposited in clearly identified and communicated locations or transmitted by mail to a specific mail address (including among the human resources team) or their manager. Workers should be able to report grievance in different ways – in person, in writing, online, complaint boxes – and should also be offered some anonymous means. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-126 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4.9.2 RECORDING OF THE GRIEVANCE The Contractor must propose a recording process (logbook or digitalised system) allowing for all grievances to be recorded within a maximum deadline of 24 hours. This process shall be used to monitor and track the grievances raised. Following the recording of the grievance, an acknowledgment message (if not anonymous) must be communicated to the grievant within 48 hours. 4.9.3 GRIEVANCE EVALUATION AND RESOLUTION The employer will establish a prioritisation definition of the grievance (low, medium, or critical) based on the following aspects (or their equivalent): ─ One-off or isolated and minor complaint; ─ On-going complaints associated with odour, environmental noise, work conditions; ─ Critical issues associated with breach of law and related Contractor policies such as gender-based violence, safety and security issues, and environmental aspects. Evaluation of grievances shall follow a specified timeline, which shall be applied to evaluate and investigate each raised grievance. The timeline for addressing grievances shall be agreed upon internally and communicated to the workers. This timeline should be reasoned to avoid improper delays but to ensure sufficient time for an adequate analysis and clear response. When developing a response to a grievance, the employer’s representative should consult with relevant parties (this could include management team members, staff, witnesses) to obtain guidance and further information in order to develop a well-informed proposal for resolution. The grievant may also be approached by the Contractor’s representative to provide more details during the investigation or to discuss potential next steps. Furthermore, the source of a grievance should be assessed where possible (e.g., equipment claimed as dangerous or inefficient).  4.9.4 GRIEVANCE RESPONSE AND AGREEMENT ON NEXT STEPS The employer’s representative will communicate the outcome of the investigation to the grievant and request feedback on the resolution. This initial response will include a summary of what actions are planned to resolve the grievance and when they are likely to be implemented or an explanatory note clarifying why action is not required. The response will be in writing, although a verbal response should also be provided where appropriate.  The grievant will be asked to give feedback on the proposed course of action within a limited number of working days to be set by the employer. If the grievant is in agreement with the next steps, they will co-sign a specific agreement form to be included in the internal grievance report with the Contractor. This agreement form will acknowledge the agreement on the proposed actions for resolution.   The agreement should be recorded, and the actions delegated to appropriate personnel by the Contractor’s representative. Although the resolution of the grievance cannot be time-bound, the appropriate steps and actions to resolve the grievance should be completed in a thorough and prompt manner.  In case of any major disputes and failure to reach an agreement with the grievant, the matter shall be reported to higher-level management, which will attempt to resolve the issue within a pre-established timeframe. The Contractor should also consider the possibility of including a neutral third party acting as moderator if resolution is not possible between the higher-level management and the grievant.  ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-127 4.9.5 RESOLUTION AND FOLLOW-UP When corrective actions are agreed upon between the Contractor’s representative and the grievant, relevant personnel assigned to the case will ensure they are implemented.   The Contractor is responsible for informing the grievant on the progress of implemented corrective actions. If the grievant is satisfied with the steps that have been taken, they must sign off to signify the closing of the case.  4.9.6 RESPONSIBILITIES Actors to be involved in the management of grievances should depend on the types of grievances submitted. Internal focal point should be prioritized for low or medium complaint. The focal point could be a single person or a committee. The composition of a committee should factor in the demographics of the workforce, so there is adequate representation. Internal representant could be the direct manager or a human resource manager (IFC, 2021). 4.10 CODE OF CONDUCT The Contractor will be responsible for establishing a Code of Conduct that applies to all its employees as well as to the various subcontractors who will be present and/or active on the work site. This Code of Conduct is intended to guide employees in their day-to-day activities so that they comply with the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Policies, as well as its commitment to high standards of responsibility, ethics, inclusion, and safety. The Code of Conduct must be supported by the Contractor’s senior managers, who will demonstrate this by putting in place the organizational means to ensure its governance, and an audit process to monitor its application with respect for employees and subcontractors, the environment, and the communities affected by the project. In furtherance of the above, the Contractor must display the Code of Conduct, duly signed by the Management of the organization. The Code of Conduct will include, among others, commitment to environmental and social management, gender equality, GBV/SEA, working conditions/fare wage, cultural heritage, community health / development etc. The purpose of the Code of Conduct is to make all employees and Contractor management accountable to the various themes below, which must be drawn up to reflect the Contractor’s commitments and adapted to the context of the particularities of the current project. The major aspects to be covered by the Contractor’s Code of Conduct should include in particular: ─ Human rights: This applies to the treatment of employees, recruitment, and hiring decisions, remuneration, professional development, the fight against modern slavery (forced and child labour), and the free opportunity to join an association or trade union. This section must also state the obligations of respect that employees must have towards each other, and the consequences associated with actions contrary to these principles. ─ Gender equality and Gender-Based Violence and Harassment (GBVH): Promoting gender diversity and inclusion. Women’s fundamental rights, including their right to life, health, education, employment, and participation in public life will be respected. All applicable laws and regulations regarding gender equality and the protection of women’s rights will be respected. No form of discrimination, harassment or unfair treatment based on gender will be accepted. All Gender-Based Violence, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, Sexual Harassment will be condemned. A more detailed description of the content and principles of the CoC in regards to GBV is presented in Section 4.8.4.6. ─ Respect for local cultural realities: Sensitize workers coming from outside the region to local cultural realities as well as to the types of behaviour expected of them when interacting with local populations. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 4-128 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ─ Alcohol, drugs, and other substances: Declaring the prohibition of the consumption of these substances at work and the empowerment of employees in relation to the risks associated with such consumption for their health, that of their colleagues (risk of accidents) and that of the surrounding communities. ─ Employee safety: Presenting the Contractor’s commitment to ensuring a safe working environment and the employees’ obligation to comply with the standards and procedures put in place to minimize the risk of incidents or accidents. All workers must follow safety procedures, wear appropriate protective equipment, and report hazardous situations immediately. ─ Conflicts of interest: Describing what is meant by a potential conflict of interest for both managers and employees (kinship with a supplier, close relationship with customer representatives, etc.). ─ Fair business practices: Defining the fair competition practices established by the Contractor both in relation to its competitors and with its subcontractors. ─ Information protection: Explaining the importance of confidentiality associated with information transmitted by the customer to the Contractor and its employees. Similarly, employees must be made aware of the need to protect internal information circulating on the project. ─ Responsible and transparent communication: Presenting the rules and means of communication established by the Contractor both internally and externally and defining the people responsible and authorized to speak on behalf of the company. Promoting prior information and transparent communication with local communities. ─ Freedom of expression: Encouraging employees to communicate/express their concerns and ensuring that they will not suffer consequences for doing so. ─ Disruption Reduction: Committing to minimizing disruption to local communities, planning work to minimize the impact on residents’ daily lives as much as possible. Encouraging workers to understand local issues and respect the culture, customs, and traditions of the communities in which they work. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 4-129 5 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK This chapter describes responsibilities for the implementation and monitoring of elements in the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) which are shared between various stakeholders, including relevant ministries, competent authorities, ZESCO, and its contractors. 5.1 ESMP MANAGEMENT DURING PRE- CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES Figure 5-1 illustrates the proposed framework for the ESMP implementation structure during the pre-construction/construction phases. Figure 5-1 Institutional Framework for ESMP Implementation during Pre-construction/Construction Phase 5.2 INSTITUTIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ESMP The following sections detail the responsibilities for the different Project actors. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5-1 5.2.1 GOVERNMENT OF ZAMBIA AND PROJECT SPONSORS The Government of Zambia oversees the Project’s high-level strategic planning, financing, and implementation via the Ministry of Energy and Water Development and the Ministry of Finance. Financial partners (lenders), for their part, also contribute to the Project’s strategic planning prior to financing of its construction. Their environmental and social safeguards provide standards regarding Project design and implementation requirements to mitigate and manage potential project-related environmental and social impacts. 5.2.2 PROJECT OWNER: ZESCO BOARD AND MANAGEMENT As the Project owner, ZESCO will have ultimate responsibility for Project and implementation of the ESMP requirements. Under the structure illustrated above, the roles attributed to ZESCO Board and Management are as follows: ─ Interface with financial partners regarding compliance with their environmental and social safeguards; ─ Carry out a gap analysis to identify gaps regarding lenders’ required Environmental and Social (E&S) requirements and those proposed by various contractors; ─ Ensure required E&S safeguards are included in contractors bidding and contractual documents; ─ Ensure implementation of E&S safeguards by all Project stakeholders; ─ Act as focal point for all matters regarding E&S safeguards development, implementation, and management. ─ Act as repository for all E&S data management requirements. 5.2.3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU) It is proposed that a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) office be created to allow for the Project preparation and implementation processes to be carried out effectively and successfully. This unit is to be created within ZESCO but be fully dedicated only to the ZTIP Project implementation. The PIU should consist of technical capabilities to coordinate the technical aspects of the Project implementation. Among the technical staff to be hired, these will include: ─ A Health and Safety Manager that will oversee the implementation of the Contractor’s Health and Safety Plans and EPRP; ─ An Environmental and Social (E&S) Manager that will oversee the ESMP implementation, including most of the specific management plans, as well as the implementation of the RAP (Resettlement Action Plan); ─ A Social and Gender (S&G) Manager that will oversee the ESMP implementation, focusing specifically on the GBV Management Plan and the Stakeholder Engagement Plan, as well as supervising the GBV and GRM Service Providers; and ─ An Engineering Supervisor to ensure construction performance. It is recommended that the terms of references for the above-mentioned roles be reviewed and approved by the Client / Supervision Consultant (in consultation with the Design Engineers), and the World Bank. The PIU should be set up sufficiently in advance to ensure contractor-related E&S Terms of Reference and minimum requirements are fully developed prior to Project initiation. The PIU should be in place to monitor construction activities and associated impacts. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 5-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE It is anticipated the PIU will need to be fully operational for the entire length of construction, after which a reduced team will monitor long-term Project performance on environment, communities, and households. It is also proposed that the PIU have offices located within the Project areas to facilitate transport and communications with local populations and local authorities. The PIU will assess the situation and propose proper localization to that effect. Technical staff will be composed of technical Experts to ensure compliance with construction standards included in the Project plans and specifications, bidding documents, and contracts. A GRM Manager will also be appointed to oversee the grievance redress mechanism as detailed in the RAP (stand-alone report). This unit will also be composed of Construction Engineers and Subject Matter Experts to ensure the contractors’ Terms of References (TORs) are implemented. The PIU Construction engineers will ensure contractors’ scope of work is reviewed and approved; likewise E&S Subject Matter Experts (such as botanists, sociologists, gender experts, etc.) will ensure E&S safeguards are implemented during the construction phase. Both engineering and E&S staff could be sourced from ZESCO’s professional staff or be contracted. The PIU’s E&S subject matter experts will act under the authority of ZESCO’s designated representative. The PIUs dedicated Health and Safety Manager will be identified at the onset of Project preparation. The Health and Safety (H&S) Manager will be responsible for overseeing and approval of the Contractor’s Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan Community Health and Safety Management Plan and Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan that will outline the roles and responsibilities of those who will be involved in the Project, or who will have access to the job site. These plans will outline requirements to implement the plan, including necessary resources, training, equipment, and costs. The PIU, through the Health and Safety Manager, will be responsible for auditing the Contractor H&S activities throughout all stages of the Project to ensure these are completed according to the proposed plans and in line with ZESCOs SHEQ Policy (Appendix 3-1). The PIU’s E&S and S&G Managers will be responsible for approval of the Contractor’s ESMP, Contractor’s specific management plans, verification of the Contractor’s implementation of its E&S control plans and measures, including audits of the E&S management to ensure correct implementation according to the Contractor’s ESMP during the pre-construction and construction phases. Further, the PIU will engage two independent Service Providers for GBV and GRM management through public proposal and selection process. The PIU will also be responsible for the implementation of the RAP. As such, its main responsibilities will include: ─ Pre-construction phase: ▪ Coordinate E&S aspects of Project procurement, inter alia inclusion of E&S safeguards (ESMP & RAP, as well as the World Bank’s Environmental & Social Standards (ESS) and MoE’s national Social Safeguard Framework) in Contractor(s) and Owner’s Engineer tender documents and contracts. The World Bank’s General Environmental Management Conditions for Construction Contracts can be found in Appendix 5-1. ▪ Coordinate population resettlement and compensation, as well as implementation of other RAP measures. ▪ Implement Stakeholder Engagement Plan. ▪ Prepare Detailed Termes of Reference for the GBV and GRM Service Providers. ▪ Supervise Community Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). ─ Construction phase: ▪ Supervise implementation of the Contractor’s ESMP. ▪ Implement RAP and specific management plans under its responsibility. ▪ Implement Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP). ▪ Supervise Community Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5-3 To achieve the objectives outlined above, it is recommended that PIU environmental staff conducts field inspections on a monthly basis to monitor implementation of relevant E&S measures by the Contractor and monitoring by the Owner’s Engineer. In the case of an incident that could cause serious damage to the environment or equipment, PIU environmental staff will be authorized to stop work or to give instructions to the Head Contractor to ensure impacts are reduced or eliminated. Daily implementation and supervision of both the RAP and ESMP will be conducted with help from the Supervising Engineer (see below 5.2.5). For the RAP, the responsibilities of the PIU will include: ─ Implementing the resettlement plan according to the RAP documentation and national legislation; ─ Settling the RAP compensation budget through counterpart funding and paying the stipulated compensations; ─ Implementing proposed development and social integration programs; ─ Informing the communities on the resettlement implementation process, Project description, and schedule of activities in advance; ─ Providing information on activities and consultations with the PAPs; ─ Interacting with government authorities to ensure the transfer of services; ─ Implementing and managing a grievance redress mechanism; ─ Signing of compensation agreement and managing compensation payments; ─ Monitoring and evaluating implementation of the resettlement process; ─ Identifying the witness NGO to be hired and facilitating their involvement in the consultation activities, compensation, and resettlement related activities; ─ Producing monitoring reports (see below) related to the RAP implementation for government authorities, and the relevant contractors where required; ─ Arranging for the conduct of an independent, third-party audit of RAP implementation after implementation has been completed. The envisaged compensation amounts and resettlement modalities for each PAP will require approval and endorsement by the PAPs, the competent governmental authorities, and by the PIU. Community and household fears regarding the non-payment of claims are important and widespread. To manage such fears, it is strongly recommended that approval for start of Project construction of the transmission line be conditional to the submission of a satisfactory progress report from the PIU. This report must clearly establish, with supporting evidence, that compensation was paid, and that resettlement projects were successfully carried out prior to initiation of the Project construction phase. The confirmation of the witness NGO for this report is essential; i.e., it will be necessary for the selected NGO to witness the compensation process to completion and provide an “acceptance” or “confirmation” report. 5.2.4 GRM FOCAL POINTS AND GBV CONTRACTOR To enhance transparency and trust from Project area stakeholders, it is suggested that two independent actors that are recognized and credible in the Project area be retained through a public proposal and selection process by ZESCO to provide independent advice and report on grievance management, GBV management, and resettlement management. to manage the GRM system and implement the GBV Management Action Plan. This outside look will ensure proper environmental and social management and mitigation measures are implemented, and that grievances are adequately addressed. This mode of supervision was experienced in other projects and gave positive results in terms of reduction of grievances. These actors will be integrated within the GRM committee and project rights holders will be informed of their role and functions. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 5-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5.2.4.1 CONTRACTING THE GBV CONTRACTOR Based on the World Bank’s best practice on GBV in major civil works, the GBV Contractor should be hired directly by ZESCO or the Supervising Engineer. Among the advantages of this approach are: ─ The same GBV service provider can be used for multiple contractors, which is not only more cost effective, but also helps ensure consistent provision of services across the project. ─ The GBV service provider can be contracted and mobilized well in advance of the contractor, thereby avoiding any risk of gaps in support during the initial stages of the project. ─ Having the GBV service provider report directly to the PIU or Supervising Engineer will make it easier to ensure quality control and consistency of service delivery. 5.2.4.2 ROLE OF THE GBV CONTRACTOR The GBV Contractor shall be an NGO or organization responsible for delivering a comprehensive and holistic program that goes beyond GBV, addressing a range of social issues including HIV/AIDS and other social risks within the workforce and project-affected communities, while also promoting non-discrimination and equal opportunities for targeted citizens. A list of potential organizations that work nationally on GBV and/or HIV/AIDS is presented in Appendix 5-2. The GBV Contractor must have a team comprising a Social and Gender Specialist, Psychosocial Counsellor, and Medical Nurse, with the capacity to conduct mobile outreach across all project sites to ensure wide coverage and accessibility. Ideally, the selected provider should have experience working on infrastructure projects in the affected districts. In close collaboration with the Contractor’s Social and Gender Specialist, the GRM Focal Point, and other stakeholders identified in the GBV Management Plan, the GBV Contractor will focus on: ─ Preventing GBV and SEAH: Promoting the reporting of cases, ensuring effective case management, and supporting survivors and guiding the GRM committee on GBV issues. ─ Reducing HIV Transmission Risks: Mitigating the risk of HIV transmission among Contractor’s personnel and the local community, promoting early diagnosis, and assisting affected individuals in managing positive diagnoses. ─ Ensuring Fair Working Conditions and Equal Opportunities: Supporting the Contractor in preventing exploitative working conditions for all workers and promoting equal employment opportunities and economic empowerment for targeted citizens. The responsibilities of the GBV Contractor will include but not be limited to the following tasks: ─ GBV prevention and response: Contractor shall in close cooperation with the GRM Focal Point and the GBV Service Providers: ▪ Support the Contractor and GRM Focal Point in identifying cases of GBV and assessing GBV related risks. ▪ Implement a survivor-centered approach, ensuring effective case management from the initial report to the conclusion of support services. This includes assessing the survivor's needs, developing a care plan, coordinating with various service providers, and ensuring that the survivor is supported throughout the process. ▪ Support GBV survivors in accessing quality response services, covering medical, police, psychosocial support and legal aid, by linking them to Service Providers, One-Stop Centres which provides all service under one roof, including post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), emergency contraception and vaccination to Hepatitis B for women who have experienced sexual violence (and possible exposure to HIV). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5-5 ▪ As part of the GBV Complaint Team (see chapter 4.8.6.6 on GBV Resolution Mecahnism for more information) , manage all GBV-related grievances reported to the GRM committee, including SEAH, ranging from comments of sexual nature to rape and abuse. These grievances should be recorded in a separate logbook for the purpose of confidentiality. GBV-related grievances concerning sexual harassment in the workplace will be referred to the Contractor’s Social Specialist for internal investigation. In such cases, the GBV Complaint Team will advise on appropriate sanctions/resolutions if applicable (i.e. depending on the outcome of the investigation). ─ HIV/AIDS prevention and response: The GBV Contractor shall in close cooperation with the Contractor’s Social Specialist, the Provincial AIDS Coordination Advisor (PACA), the District AIDS Coordination Advisor (DACA) and local health clinics: ▪ Provide free Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) and referral services on a quarterly basis. ▪ Facilitate free access to antiretrovirals (ARVs) to affected staff throughout the construction period. ▪ Make available male and female condoms for all staff, and the local community as appropriate (workplace and designated community sites). ▪ Provide on-site immediate care and basic medical interventions, including administering Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP), emergency contraception (EC) within the required 72 hours window to victims of sexual violence or workers engaged in risky sexual behaviours in situations where access to such cannot be accessed in OSCs or local health clinics due to long distances or lack of resources. ─ Promotion of worker’s rights, non-discrimination and equal opportunities: The GBV Contractor shall in close cooperation with the PIU, Labour Office, the local council through the DACA, and the Provincial Gender Officers of the Gender Division: ▪ Collaborate with the labour office and unions to raise awareness among workers about their rights and responsibilities, minimum working conditions, and the available channels for support and redress. ▪ Support the Contractor in identifying targeted citizens (women, youth and persons with disabilities) for skilled and unskilled positions, through engaging with NGOs, universities and training institutions, and industry associations, community leaders, DACAs and other stakeholders. ▪ In cooperation with the Contractor, identify services and goods that could be reserved for businesses owned/managed by targeted citizens, including providing trainings on specific skills if required. ▪ Support the Contractor in adopting the principles of universal design and reasonable adjustments, taking necessary measures to make the workplace accessible and supportive of disabled employees. ─ Social Awareness and Community Engagement: The GBV Contractor shall: ▪ Train the main Project Actors (the PIU, Supervising Engineer and Construction Contractors) in GBV, HIV and other social aspects. ▪ Support the Contractor in conducting induction trainings for new workers, covering HIV, GBV, worker’s rights and equal opportunities, with a special focus on the Code of Conduct. ▪ Produce and distribute behaviour change materials, including posters with messages regarding HIV, GBV, Workers Rights and Equal Opportunities, displayed at all sites and project affected communities. ▪ Conduct monthly Social Awareness campaigns on GBV, HIV and Equal Opportunities, integrating Information, Education and Consultation Communication and Social and Behaviour Change Communication approaches, addressed to all the Site staff and labour (including all the Contractor's employees, all subcontractors and Consultants' employees, and all truck drivers and crew making deliveries to Site for construction activities) and to the immediate local communities. The campaigns shall include awareness sessions, use of local theatre groups and/or road shows. The campaign must be gender responsive, culturally sensitive and conducted in an applicable language (English, Nyanja or Bemba). WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 5-6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE ▪ In cooperation with the PIU, conduct quarterly community engagement meetings, with community leaders, schools, Parents and Teacher Associations, Women’s Groups and other relevant groups. ▪ Identify and train peer educators/champions in the community and contractors workforce in accordance with national guidelines provided by National Aids Council. The focus must move beyond HIV and include GBV and other social aspects. ▪ Monitor the take up and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS, GBV and equal opportunity measures through agreed Key Performance Indicators. 5.2.4.3 ROLE OF THE GRM SERVICE PROVIDER The GRM Service Provider shall be an NGO or organization tasked with managing and enhancing the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) across all project phases. This role involves ensuring that the GRM is comprehensive, accessible, and responsive to the needs of project-affected communities, with a particular emphasis on vulnerable groups such as women, children, and the elderly. The GRM Service Provider will work closely with the GRM Committee to ensure a coordinated approach to grievance management. Specific Tasks of the GRM Service Provider include the following: ─ Grievance Collection and Coordination: ▪ The GRM focal point, provided by the GRM Service Provider, will sit on the GRM Committee and work alongside other members to coordinate the grievance process. ▪ The GRM Service Provider is responsible for ensuring that grievances are recorded accurately and promptly in a central logbook shared with the GRM Committee. This logbook will track all grievances to ensure transparency and accountability. ▪ While the GRM will receive all types of grievances, GBV-related grievances will be referred to the GRM Service Provider for specialized assessment and management. ▪ The GRM Service Provider will handle whistleblower complaints from the Contractor’s workers, especially in cases of serious grievances or regulatory breaches where workers may fear retaliation if reporting through the Contractor’s Worker’s GRM ─ Grievance Documentation and Tracking: ▪ The GRM Service Provider is responsible for maintaining a detailed record of all grievances in the central logbook, ensuring that each complaint is logged with relevant details, including the nature of the grievance, the date of submission, and the status of the resolution. ▪ The GRM focal point will provide regular updates to the GRM Committee and other relevant stakeholders on the status of grievances, ensuring that all parties are informed of the progress and any delays in resolution. ─ Outreach and Support to Vulnerable Groups: ▪ The GRM Service Provider will ensure that the grievance mechanism is accessible to all, particularly women, children, and other vulnerable groups. This includes conducting outreach activities to raise awareness about the GRM and providing assistance to those who may have difficulty accessing the mechanism. CONSIDERATION FOR AN ONLINE GRIEVANCE SYSTEM It is recommended that the PIU consider using an online grievance collection system provided and managed by the GRM Service Provider. The system must have offline functionality, allowing grievances to be recorded in areas with poor internet access and synchronized with the central database once connectivity is restored. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5-7 The system should be accessible on mobile phones and include features for secure data storage, user anonymity, and easy access for all stakeholders. Additionally, it must remain operational after project closure to ensure ongoing record-keeping and accessibility for any future reference or audits. 5.2.5 SUPERVISING ENGINEER The Supervising Engineer’s role is to represent ZESCO in monitoring Project implementation. As such, the Supervising Engineer will monitor implementation of the Project’s technical, environmental, and social aspects. Generally, the role would include verification and approval of technical execution studies and drawings, as well as supervision and monitoring of the Project construction works and all environmental, social, security, health and safety topics. The Supervising Engineer will appoint qualified Environmental and Social specialists with expertise in gender who will be responsible for the following main tasks: ─ Prior to initiation of construction: ▪ Verification and approval of Lead Contractor’s candidates as EHS Manager and supporting H&S and E&S specialists and the Social Specialist and SEAH Expert. ▪ Review and approval of the detailed Contractors’ ESMP during the Project construction phase (C-ESMP) to ensure environmental, social and gender risks are assessed and mitigation measures are put in place before activities commence. ▪ Review and approval of the Contractors’ various specific management plans. ▪ Review and approval of training provided to the Contractors’ and subcontractors’ staff. ▪ As necessary, contribute to the development of the various specific management plans to be incorporated in the C-ESMP in line with Contractor’s scope of works. ─ During construction: ▪ Ensure Contractor’s update C-ESMP to reflect changes to construction management plans, methodologies, or schedules. Monitor implementation of the C–ESMP and specific management plans by the contractors and subcontractors, using audit tools. ▪ Review and approve E&S reports delivered by the contractors. ▪ Manage Project’s potential environmental and social impacts with the Contractor’s involvement when required. ▪ Ensure communication protocols are implemented by the Contractor against the C-ESMP, and supervise grievances against Contractor’s performance according to complaints issued by the public through the GRM. ▪ Produce biweekly E&S monitoring reports for the PIU, including:  Review and approve the Contractor’s E&S performance management reports.  Manage complaints according to the requirements of the ZTIP Stakeholder Engagement Plan and associated GRM.  Review and approve the Contractor reports regarding incidents and accidents with associated root causes analysis report.  Integrate results from audits to ensure the Contractor’s implementation of approved ESMPs.  Manage unanticipated E&S impacts (not identified in the ESMP) with applied management measures. ▪ Manage Contractor performance. ▪ Review and approve root cause analysis reports and approve adopted management measure. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 5-8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE The Supervising Engineer’s assignment will end at the end of the Project’s construction phases. 5.2.6 CONTRACTORS Several contractors will be selected, two for the line (working in different areas) and one for the Nakonde substation. In addition, land preparation (e.g., clearing of trees, leveling, etc.) may require an additional contractor. The tender documents will require each contractor to appoint an Environment, Heath and Safety (EHS) Manager. Also, contractors will be required to appoint a Health and Safety (H&S) Specialist and Environmental and Social (E&S) Specialist and a Social and Gender (S&G) Specialist who will report to the EHS Manager. After approval of their qualifications, the Contractor’s E&S Specialists will be responsible for daily implementation and management of all relevant E&S measures provided in the ESMP and will be responsible for adapting these in their C-ESMP. The E&S and S&G Specialists will work closely in implementing the following tasks: ─ Prior to initiation of construction: ▪ Prepare the Contractor’s C-ESMP commensurate with the Contractor’s scope of work to be submitted and approved by the Supervising Engineer and PIU before commencing construction works. ▪ Prepare all detailed specific management plans and policies required by the ESMP including the Code of Conduct and confirm inclusion of SEP requirements in the C-ESMP. ▪ Train the Contractor and subcontractors staff on C-ESMP to ensure integration of control measures in the planning of works, including induction training on the Code of Conduct. ▪ In close cooperation with the PIU, organise community engagement meetings in project affected communities to share information about the project, the ESMP and associated policies, including the employment quotas for targeted citizens. ─ During construction: ▪ Monitor environmental and social indicators in accordance with the environmental and social performance monitoring program. Those measurements are to be done before, during, and after completion of works at a given site to assess the efficiency of mitigation measures and proposed plans. ▪ Implement, monitor and report on E&S control measures (as reflected within the C-ESMP) of construction works conducted by the Contractor and subcontractors as required by the C-ESMP and associated specific management plans. ▪ Work closely the GBV and GRM Service Provider in implementing the GBV Management Plan and GRM system. ▪ Produce weekly (or as stipulated within the C-ESMP) E&S reports to the Supervising Engineer detailing Contractor performance (C-ESMP implementation). ▪ Conduct bi-weekly toolbox talks on environmental, social and gender topics. ▪ Report and investigate root causes of work-related accidents, incidents, and events that may affect the quality of the environment and/or the human environment or the health and safety. ▪ Support PIU and / or the Supervisory Engineer in addressing grievances and complaints as required by PIU and / or the Supervisory Engineer. ▪ Implement a Stakeholder Engagement Plan that will align with ZESCO SEP. ▪ Develop and implement a Workers’ GRM. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 5-9 It should be noted that contractors are to be held accountable for all H&S infractions, E&S infractions, and ESMP infringements caused by their subcontractors. In terms of division of responsibilities, the E&S Specialist will primarily focus on environmental issues and social impacts related to dust, noise and other disturbances to the community, including land and resettlement issues, whereas the S&G Specialist will be responsible for GBV and HIV management, worker’s rights and equal opportunities and other social impacts such as child labour, school dropouts, working in close cooperation with the GBV Contractor. Community engagement and trainings will be a joint responsibility. As stated, the contractors are also expected to appoint dedicated H&S Specialist who would be responsible for the application of health and safety obligations and reporting on H&S performance. In addition to WHO or World Bank standards, all applicable national health & safety regulations, as well as ZESCO SHEQ Policy (see Appendix 3-1) and standards, will be implemented. The contractors must hold all necessary licenses and permits before the work begins. Contractors will be required to provide ZESCO and PIU with all the required legal documents, including signed agreements with owners, authorisations for borrow pits, authorisations for temporary storage sites, etc., i.e.: for all contractors’ scope of works. The contractors’ contracts will end at the end of the Project’s pre-construction and/or construction phases depending on the scope of works. The Supervising Engineer will be responsible for signing a work completion form. 5.3 OPERATION PHASE The PIU will be dismantled once the construction phase is finalized. The PIU responsibilities will then be passed on to ZESCO. As Project Owner and Operator, ZESCO will consequently be the only proponent directly responsible for the ESMP implementation at the Project’s Operation Phase. ZESCO will therefore be responsible for developing and implementing all required mitigation and monitoring measures provided in the ESMP for the Operational Phase. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 5-10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAM Performance monitoring and, if required, implementation of corrective actions are carried out to ensure that the required ESMP activities are being implemented and that the desired targets and outcomes are being achieved. Performance monitoring involves three components: ─ Monitoring of the implementation of identified management measures and plans; ─ Monitoring of selected environmental and social indicators associated with expected impact sources and changes on environmental and social components associated with project implementation; ─ Audits assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the ESMP. The environmental and social performance monitoring consolidates all planned monitoring activities to ensure proper implementation. Monitoring, inspections and verification will be carried out regularly to control compliance with the measures, procedures and plans set up. The discrepancies will be corrected, incorporated into existing practices and documented. The nature and causes of issues will be analysed. Environmental and social performance monitoring provides an outline to ensure the project’s environmental and social compliance during pre-construction-construction and operational phases, tracks environmental and social performance, and provides an analysis framework to implement corrective actions as needed. It should be implemented and kept up to date by the project management unit's environmental and social management committee. A retroactive mechanism for each reported unconformity will help ensure the improvement of the ESMP overtime and its adaptation to field realities. The retroactive mechanism is presented in Figure 6-1. Figure 6-1 Retroactive Mechanism for ESMP Implementation ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-1 Each component of the environmental and social performance monitoring is described in the following sections, the surveillance being implemented during the construction phase and the monitoring during the operation phase. Monitoring of the specific management plans developed in Chapter 4, is detailed in their respective plan. In addition, monitoring of resettlement (economical and/ or physical), is detailed in the stand-alone Resettlement Action Plan report. 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SURVEILLANCE The purpose of the environmental and social surveillance program is to ensure the commitments in the ESMP are fully implemented during the construction phase. This program includes the validation and integration of management measures (e.g., avoidance, mitigation, compensation, or improvement) and other environmental considerations from the plans and specifications, and then their implementation during construction. It also includes the global application of the proposed management solutions and the considerations raised by the Contractor that will oversee the construction phase. The Contractor will hire an Environmental Manager who will be responsible for the application of the environmental and social measures. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in penalties. Before starting the construction work, the PIU will internally appoint an individual responsible for the supervision of the environmental monitoring. This individual will regularly be present on site, will be easily reachable during construction, and will be mandated to ensure practical application of management measures. This person will also work in close collaboration with the Contractor team’s Environmental Manager. The role and authority of this PIU Specialist will be defined in the environmental specifications to be provided to the Contractor, but they must have sufficient power to compel the Contractor to change his working procedures and techniques, if needed. The PIU shall develop a tracking system for non-compliances. This system shall include several levels of non- compliances (minor, moderate, major and critical) and specify penalties associated with critical non-compliances and persistent issues. The system should be established before the beginning of construction activities and should address all stages of non-compliance management, including the documentation and evaluation of non- compliances, the identification and implementation of corrective measures, if required, the penalties associated with non-compliances and the follow-up on those issues. Among potential penalties, it could be possible for a contractor not to be paid if it contravenes to its environmental and social commitments. Furthermore, to ensure the implementation of all management measures, those responsible for environmental monitoring will identify non-compliances, propose corrective measures, and guide the decision-making on site with relation to environmental issues. In summary, the activities related to the environmental and social surveillance program include: ─ Overseeing the application of management measures contained in the ESMP and in plans and specifications; ─ Implementation of the C-ESMP management plans and specific management plans by the contractors; ─ Conducting on-site work inspections and reporting all non-conformities, or new issues or impacts not previously identified to the Contractor; ─ Supervising higher impact activities or activities occurring in sensitive zones (i.e., deforestation, work in aquatic environments such as floodplains or banks or near cultural or collective sites, etc.) to reduce impacts; ─ Recording all complaints and concerns raised by affected communities; ─ Evaluating the efficiency and the quality of management procedures and identifying, in consultation with the PIU environmental and social management committee, alternative measures needed to be put in place in order to resolve any unforeseen problems that may occur during the work; ─ Ensuring the work is performed in accordance with national environmental requirements and international best practices adopted by the funders; ─ Ensuring a strong health and safety culture is in place for all contractors. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Corrective actions will be added to the monitoring program to ensure there is a follow-up on their application and efficiency. The environmental and social surveillance program will include on-site inspections along with sampling, specific observations, or investigations in neighbouring communities. Table 6-1 lists the main measures to be implemented. Monitoring frameworks for various components covered by the specific management plans are detailed in Chapter 4. The cost of these environmental and social surveillance measures cannot be specified at this point. Costs will be covered by the PIU’s operating budget. The surveillance of the job site and associated costs are included in the terms of the Contractor's agreement. Biannual environmental surveillance reports will be provided to the ZESCO board during the work period. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-3 Table 6-1 Specific Environmental and Social Compliance Measures Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Soil integrity Visual inspection of ─ Signs of erosion, area Avoid or control the Along the ROW, Continuously PIU EHS Manager. PIU E&S construction sites and involved, level of erosion, installation of erosive access roads, and during Supervising Manager. access roads. soil type involved, period. processes. work areas. preconstruction Engineer. Evaluate the time needed ─ Signs of compaction, area Reduce soil and construction to apply the emergency involved. compaction. activities. measures plan (EMP) and ─ Signs of contamination. Avoid soil profile implement corrective ─ Time needed to apply structure destruction. actions, if needed. emergency measures and Avoid soil Ensure contaminated soils corrective actions, if contamination. are properly managed. required. Hydrology Visual observations of ─ Sign of obstruction to Ensure there is no At rivers, streams, Continuously PIU EHS Manager. PIU E&S water flow. natural water flows. obstruction to water and wetlands during works on Supervising Manager. ─ Proper dimensioning of flow and that culverts crossed by the water and near Engineer. culverts regarding natural are appropriately ROW. aquatic water flows. sized, well installed, environments. and properly functioning. Water quality Analysis of pH, TSS, ─ Intensity of suspended Avoid significant Selected sites Once a month Contractor EHS PIU E&S turbidity, phosphorus, BOD, particles in water. degradation of along rivers, during Manager. Manager. coliform bacteria, and ─ Signs and intensity of baseline conditions. streams, and construction work Supervising temperature), Visual water contamination. wetlands crossed on water and near Engineer. detection of pollution signs ─ Time needed to apply by the ROW. aquatic (presence of oil, waste, emergency measures and environments. etc.). corrective actions, if Evaluate the time needed required. to apply the emergency measures plan (EMP) and to implement corrective actions, if needed. Air quality Visual inspection of ─ Absence of waste-burning Avoid significant Along ROW, Continuously Contractor EHS PIU H&S construction sites and activities. degradation of access roads, and during Manager. Manager. access roads for dust; ─ Frequency of dust baseline conditions. work areas. preconstruction Supervising verification that equipment abatement spraying on and construction Engineer. and machinery are exposed surfaces and activities. maintained and properly piles of granular functioning. materials. ─ Intensity of particle material in the air. ─ Exhaust emission from vehicles, equipment, and machinery. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Noise Levels ─ Inspection of ─ Noise levels in decibels Respect of national In communities and During noisy Contractor EHS PIU H&S construction sites. (dB). standards. cluster of houses activities. Manager. Manager. ─ Présence and use of ─ Presence and use of located close to Supervising noise screens at noise screens at specified construction sites. Engineer. specified locations. locations. Plant ─ Evaluation of the ─ Plant communities’ ─ Avoid significant In the different Annually during PIU specialists PIU H&S communities composition of plant evolution after eventual degradation habitat types found construction. Contractor EHS Manager. communities via flora degradation from outside the in the ROW, Manager. surveys (diversity and openings and border ROW. focussing on areas Supervising composition). effects. ─ Avoid with higher Engineer. ─ Presence of invasive alien introduction of ecological species (IAS). IAS. integrity. Natural habitat ─ Field observations ─ Lost area of natural Reduced areas of lost Along ROW, where Continuously PIU specialists. PIU E&S loss (secondary with the support of habitat. forested and forested habitats during Contractor EHS Manager. and mature satellite imagery in ─ Natural habitatt integrity woodland habitats. are found. preconstruction Manager. woodland, riverine forested habitats. outside the ROW. and construction Supervising forest) ─ Important to take activities. Engineer. pictures and describe the habitats prior to impact and after. Invasive alien flora ─ Assessment of the ─ Presence of IAS. ─ Avoid In sensitive Once, at the end PIU specialists. PIU E&S presence and ─ Habitat modification that introduction of habitats within or of construction. Contractor EHS Manager. introduction of IAS. may have led to their IAS. adjacent to the Manager. introduction. ─ Identify ROW and in Supervising ─ Effect on native species appropriate reforested areas as Engineer. and species of suppression and part of the conservation interest. control compensation plan. measures if problematic IAS are recorded. Vegetation ROW vegetation cutting ─ Vegetation integrity Avoid significant ROW and During vegetation PIU specialists. PIU E&S integrity with the supervision of a outside the ROW. degradation outside substation site. removal in the Contractor EHS Manager. botanist or a technician ─ Integrity of protective the ROW. ROW. Manager. from the Department of equipment (fences) Protection of flora Supervising Forestry to identify and limiting access to species with Engineer. relocate, as well as protect sensitive areas. conservation status. vegetation that does not represent a risk for the power line. Visual inspection of construction sites and access roads. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-5 Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Vegetation Field observations in ─ Number of viable planted Success of the habitat In rehabilitated After construction PIU specialists. PIU E&S success of the rehabilitated areas and individuals. rehabilitation areas. activities. Supervising Manager. rehabilitated areas flora surveys (. (vegetation density Engineer. and flora species diversity). Bird conservation Pre-construction inspection ─ Number of birds and Avoid nest ROW and During vegetation PIU specialists. PIU E&S (avifaunal walk-through) of nests, species observed, destruction, especially substation sites. removal in the Manager. the final power line route conservation status, destruction of active ROW. alignment and road access activity in nests. nests or those of routes to identify Red List threatened species. species that may be breeding within the ROW and its immediate surroundings (1 km radius) to ensure the impacts to breeding species (if any) are adequately managed. Fauna protection Visual inspection of ─ Presence of species, Avoid habitat loss and ROW and During vegetation PIU specialists. PIU E&S construction sites and species observed, age, disturbances for local substation sites. removal in the Manager. access roads. number of individuals, fauna. ROW. Large mammal surveys conservation status, in using indirect methods, i.e., particular critical habitat spoor or dung counts. species. Bat conservation Undertake a pre- ─ Presence of species, Avoid disturbance or ROW and During vegetation PIU specialists. PIU E&S construction inspection in species observed, age, destruction of bat substation sites. removal in the Manager. the final power line route number of individuals, roosts, particularly of ROW. alignment and road access conservation status. Near Threatened routes to identify any major species potentially bat roosts within or close to inside the Project the areas to be cleared area. Nuisance to Complaint and concern ─ Type of nuisance, Reduce impacts on Along ROW and Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S neighbouring management processes measures implemented to the quality of life of substation sites, during Contractor EHS Manager. communities and surveys among solve the problem. people in or around especially in preconstruction Manager. communities. ─ Number of solved populated areas populated areas. and construction Supervising problems. during works. activities. Engineer. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Local and regional Assessment of local ─ Number of local workers Enhance positive Neighbouring During PIU specialists. PIU E&S economies communities' involvement employed. impacts and improve communities along construction. Contractor EHS Manager. in works or in the ─ Number of working days the local economy. ROW. Manager. procurement of goods and for local workers. Supervising services to the Contractor. ─ Proportion of local Engineer. workers and days of works for local workers. ─ Proportion of local suppliers used for project- related procurement. Field observations of price ─ Inflation rates of base Inflation rates remain Community Every 3 months PIU specialists. PIU E&S levels within communities. products. similar or lower to the markets within during Contractor EHS Manager. national rate for a 3 km of worker preconstruction Manager. given year. camps or and construction Supervising substations site. activities. Engineer. Land use Visual inspection of ─ Affected areas outside the Avoid encroachment ROW and Continuously PIU specialists. PIU E&S construction sites and ROW. into areas used by substation sites. during Contractor EHS Manager access roads, as well as ─ Rehabilitation of affected neighbouring preconstruction Manager. properties used for crops, areas. communities not and construction Supervising livestock, and other identified in the plans activities. Engineer. activities. and specifications. Communities and ─ Analysis of grievance ─ A proportion of 100% resolution rate. Communities along Continuously PIU specialists. PIU E&S social cohesion reports about resettlement-related the ROW and near during Contractor EHS Manager. resettlement conflict. conflicts are solved substations. preconstruction Manager. through the GRM. and construction Supervising activities. Engineer. ─ Analysis of complaints ─ Number of complaints No complaint. Communities along Continuously PIU specialists. and concerns related related to workers’ the ROW and near during Contractor EHS to workers’ behaviour. behaviour. substations. preconstruction Manager. and construction Supervising activities. Engineer. Gender ─ Analysis of the ─ Proportion of local women Minimum of 15%. Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU E&S register of the entire employed. during Contractor EHS Manager. Contractor workforce. ─ Proportion of women preconstruction Manager. among the Contractor and construction Supervising employees. activities. Engineer. Cultural heritage ─ Analysis of complaints ─ Number of complaints No complaint. Along the ROW, Continuously PIU specialists. PIU E&S and concerns related regarding access roads and during Contractor EHS Manager. to cultural heritage. destroyed/damaged work areas. preconstruction Manager. assets. and construction Supervising activities. Engineer. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-7 Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Landscape ─ Pictures before and ─ Changes in visual Reduction of Along the ROW Before and after PIU specialists. PIU E&S after construction at characteristic. landscape and near construction Contractor EHS Manager. strategic locations. modifications. substations. activities. Manager. Supervising Engineer. Communities ─ Analysis of the ─ Cause and type of No major injuries or Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S health and safety register of injuries/accidents within accidents. during Contractor EHS Manager. injuries/accidents communities. preconstruction Manager. within communities ─ Number of complaints and construction Supervising (including their type associated with health activities. Engineer. and cause). and safety. ─ Number of accidents involving communities, related to the project. ─ Number of people injured due to project activities. ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of underage sex No case of underage Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S register of underage cases. sex. during Contractor EHS Manager. sex cases within preconstruction Manager. communities. and construction Supervising activities. Engineer. ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of child labour No case of child Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S register of child labour cases. labour. during Contractor EHS Manager. cases within preconstruction Manager. communities. and construction Supervising activities. Engineer. ─ Analysis of the ─ HIV/AIDS prevalence rate No increase in Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S register of HIV/AIDS increase. prevalence rates. during Contractor EHS Manager. cases within preconstruction Manager. communities. and construction Supervising ─ Comparison of activities. Engineer. prevalence rates before and after construction. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Monitored Supervision Method Indicators Standards / Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Supervision Component Worker's health ─ Analysis of the ─ Number of workers. No major injuries or Entire Project area. Continuously PIU specialists. PIU H&S and safety register of workers’ ─ Number of working hours. accidents. during Contractor EHS Manager. injuries and accidents. ─ Number of Total preconstruction Manager. recordable cases. and construction Supervising ─ Number of Lost Time activities. Engineer. injury. ─ Number of days off work due to an accident. ─ Number of occupational health illnesses. ─ Number of road accidents. ─ Number of fire incidents. ─ Total recordable cases frequency. ─ Lost time injury frequency. ─ Number of security incidents. ─ Number of first aid cases. ─ Number of incidents of breaches of the code of conduct. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-9 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING Environmental and social monitoring is an essential component of the ESMP, it allows environmental performance during the Project’s operation phase to be evaluated. Essentially, this exercise should provide ongoing information on actual changes occurring in the natural and socioeconomic environments as a result of the Project’s implementation. It also allows for the validation of the effectiveness of planned management strategies. Throughout the Project lifecycle, monitoring of the environmental and social performance will allow for continuous assessment and improvement of the efficiency of proposed management measures, contributing to improve sustainable development of the Project. Monitoring efforts are applied at different levels (e.g., local, along ROW and in near communities or at the national level) and therefore require the cooperation of several participants. The elements included in the Project’s monitoring program are available in Table 6-2. Main biodiversity monitoring measures for flora and fauna are included in this ESMP, but these will be further detailed in a Biodiversity Management and Monitoring Plan. It should be noted that the description of the wayleave’s initial conditions will have to be undertaken at the end of the construction work. The baseline data collected, including pre- and post-construction data, will be compared with the data collected during monitoring. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Table 6-2 Environmental and Social Monitoring Components Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Noise level Noise measurement (dBA). Noise level in dBA. WBG Noise Level Guidelines during Sampling in communities Annually for the ZESCO. facility operations (WBG, 2007a), and dwellings closest to the first 5 years of summarized as follows: substations. operation Representative sampling phase. Noise Level Guidelines along the transmission line Receptor One Hour LAeq (dBA) lines. Daytime Nighttime 07:00 - 22:00 - 22:00 07:00 Residential; institutional; 55 45 educational Industrial, 70 70 commercial Electromagnetic Sampling with proper Electromagnetic field μT. The World Bank (2007b) suggests that Along the ROW with Annually for the ZESCO fields devices (μT). average and peak exposure levels representative sample of first 5 years of should remain below the ICNIRP zones with human activities, operation recommendation for General Public such as crop areas, urban phase. Exposure (ICNIRP, 1998). and rural zones, etc. ICNIRP Exposure Limits for General Public Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields Frequency Electric Magnetic Field Field (V/m) (μT) 50 Hz 5000 100 60 Hz 4150 83 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-11 Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Soil integrity Visual inspection of ─ Signs of erosion, area ─ Avoid the installation of erosive Work areas in used and Annually during ZESCO. construction sites and involved, level of erosion, processes or control them. around pylons. the whole access roads. soil type involved, period. ─ Reduce soil compaction. operation ─ Signs of compaction, area phase. ─ Avoid soil profile structure involved. destruction. ─ Signs of contamination. ─ Time needed to apply emergency measures and corrective actions, if required. Surface water quality ─ Analysis of pH, TSS, ─ Intensity of suspended Avoid significant degradation in relation Selected sites along rivers Twice per year ZESCO. turbidity, phosphorus, particles in water. with baseline conditions. and streams crossed by the for the first BOD, coliform bacteria, ─ Signs and intensity of ROW. 5 years, in rainy and temperature. water contamination. Downstream of electric season and in ─ Visual detection of substations. dry season. ─ Time needed to apply Then once pollution or emergency measures and contamination signs every 2 years. corrective actions, if (i.e., presence of oil, required. waste, etc.). ─ Evaluate the time needed to apply the emergency measures plan (EMP) and to implement corrective actions, if needed. Surface water ─ Inspection at pylons ─ Accumulation of water at ─ Avoid water retention at the base of At pylons location and Annually for the ZESCO. location and the base of pylons. pylons. substations. first 5 years, substations. ─ Presence of runoff water ─ Avoid erosion caused by surface then once every patterns causing erosion at water runoff. 2 years. pylons or substations. Invasive Alien Flora Assess the presence and Number of IAS Follow the presence and introduction of Sensitive habitats within or Annually for the ZESCO. species introduction of IAS. Evaluate ─ Surface area affected by invasive alien species. adjacent to the ROW. first 5 years, disturbances of the water’s IAS ─ Identify appropriate suppression and Reforested areas as part of then once every physical and chemical control measures if problematic a compensation plan. 2 years. characteristics and effects presence of IAS. on wetland specialist species and species of conservation interest. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Compensatory ─ Evaluate the Total surface area of plantation ─ Sufficient area of reforested areas to In areas targeted for the Annually for the ZESCO. plantation and composition of plant and restoration mitigate residual impacts on natural compensation. first five years, restoration of natural communities within Success rate of tree planting. habitats and critical natural habitats. In rehabilitated areas then once every habitat reforested and (temporary roads and work two years. rehabilitated areas and Survival rate of species of conservation concern. areas). ensure tree planting and revegetation are ─ successful. Plant communities Evaluate the composition of Composition of plant Follow the plant communities’ evolution In the different types of Annually for the ZESCO. plant communities via flora communities after eventual degradation from openings habitats found in the ROW, first five years, surveys (species diversity ─ Areas of degraded habitat and border effects. focussing on areas with then once every and composition). ─ Identification of invasive species. higher ecological integrity. two years. Integrity of aquatic Evaluate the integrity of ─ Ecological parameters of Maintenance of the quality of aquatic Zones where streams and Annually for the ZESCO. habitats aquatic habitats (level of aquatic habitat according habitats. wetlands are crossed. first 5 years, degradation). to their types. then once every ─ Signs of degradation, 2 years. including turbidity siltation and apparent signs of pollution. Bat activity near the Recording bat activity using Abundance and diversity of bat Use of Project area and rehabilitated Along the powerline and in Twice a year in ZESCO. powerline mobile and static bat species areas by bats. rehabilitated areas. different detectors at selected seasons. locations along the powerline. ─ Record bat numbers using visual observation at two major roost sites. Bat mortality Monitoring of bat mortality Number of mortalities recorded No significant bat mortality. Along the powerline. A minimum of 2 ZESCO. monitoring program (in partnership with local Species impacted times/year in the communities or NGOs and first 5 years of experts)/ number of dead operation, then specimens (species ongoing involved) related to period monitoring to be and location. determined ─ Development of a bat according to mortality register and a initial results. training programme. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-13 Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Bird diversity and Establish survey points Bird diversity Species diversity and abundances are Along the powerline Quarterly ZESCO abundance within High, Medium-High, Bird abundance maintained. alignment, particularly those surveys for the and Medium sensitivity areas where bird activity is first five years of zones along powerline likely to be more prevalent, operation. Then, alignment to assess diversity i.e., High, Medium-High, and twice a year, and density by means of Medium Sensitivity zones. during peak point counts and vehicle- periods of based surveys. Point counts activity by local should also be conducted in NGOs and/or low-sensitivity zones to ZESCO confirm the classification of representatives. this class in terms of diversity and abundance. Estimates of bird Observation stations along Bird flight patterns Species are aware of the powerline Along the powerline, Quarterly ZESCO. activity along the the powerline to document infrastructure and actively avoid particularly those areas surveys for the powerline flight patterns along the powerlines in flight. where bird activity is likely to first five years of powerline, species, number be more prevalent, i.e., operation. Then, of individuals, flight altitude, High, Medium-High, and twice a year, passage position relative to Medium Sensitivity zones. during peak wires, reactions, etc. periods of activity by local NGOs and/or ZESCO representatives. Use of pylons or ─ Dedicated field Number of roosting/nesting Quality of supply is maintained. Along the powerline. Quarterly ZESCO. powerlines as roost observations to identify birds on towers. ─ Efficacy of nesting platforms (if surveys for the or nest location roosts and nest Species using the infrastructure installed). first five years. If locations on the nests are active, electrical infrastructure Breeding success. monthly surveys and the analysis of this ─ to assess utilisation. breeding success. Use of rehabilitated Dedicated bird surveys to Bird diversity Use of rehabilitated areas and planted Rehabilitated areas. Five years after ZESCO. areas by birds assess bird diversity and Bird abundance trees, by birds. the abundance. rehabilitation, every two years. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-14 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Bird mortality as a Bird mortality monitoring Number of mortalities recorded No significant bird mortality on powerline A representative sample of A minimum of 4 ZESCO. result of collisions should be conducted to Species impacted or within substations. mitigated and unmitigated times/year in with the powerline determine the mortality rates Ensure appropriate mitigation measures powerline spans within High, first 5 years of and electrocution of priority species within ─ Number of trainings/training attendees are in place and are effective in reducing Medium-High, Medium, and operation, then within substations High, Medium-High, and mortality. Low sensitivity zones. ongoing Medium sensitivity zones. Pensulo, Mpika, Kasama monitoring to be Surveys should also be ─ Skills transfer to ZESCO negotiated with environmental officers and local and Nakonde substation conducted in low-sensitivity infrastructure. ZESCO. zones to confirm this class NGO representatives. as a low-risk area. Development of a bird mortality register and assess efficacity and durability of bird diverters. Development of a training program. Wildlife poaching Validate the intensity of Number of poaching records Avoid trafficking of bush meat hunted In areas within a 5 km Ongoing. ZESCO hunting for meat markets ─ Species targeted from the line's ROW and access roads. distance from existing Annual report to along the ROW with wildlife ─ No increase in illegal harvest of roads. be compiled. officers. mammal species Mammal communities Indirect survey methods for Presence, abundance, and Mammal communities continue using the Along the powerline in During the wet ZESCO. large mammals, i.e., spoor distribution of large mammal project area important ecological and dry and scat counting along species utilizing habitats in the No increase in illegal harvest of habitats. seasons, tracks and roads in the ROW ROW. biennially. (presence/absence and mammal species ─ Community composition abundance). and structure of surrogate Direct survey methods for taxa in important ecological surrogate or indicator taxa in habitats in the ROW. the ROW. Built environment Survey of relocated ─ Level of satisfaction and ─ Satisfaction with the process and Along the ROW and at After the first ZESCO. households. well-being of resettled relocation sites. substation sites where year and as RAP audit. households. relocation occurred. required, depending on the results. Nuisance to Analysis of complaints and ─ Type of nuisance, ─ Limited or no nuisance. In communities along the Continuously ZESCO. neighbouring concerns related to sexual mitigation measures ─ No nuisance of high gravity. ROW and at substation during the communities abuses and GBV. implemented to solve the sites. operational problem. phase. ─ Number of nuisances remaining after mitigation. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-15 Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Encroachment within Inspection of the ROW in Number of restricted No restricted components inside the Along the ROW. Annually. ZESCO. the ROW collaboration with local components found within the ROW. leaders. ROW. Landscape Pictures before and after Visual aspects Integrity of landscape and no additional Along the ROW and near Every 5 years. ZESCO. construction at strategic modifications. substations (same locations locations. as during construction). Safety and public ─ Analysis of the register Increase in HIV/AIDS No increase in prevalence rates. In communities along the Annually. ZESCO. health of HIV/AIDS cases prevalence rate. ROW and at substation within communities. sites. ─ Comparison of prevalence rates before and after construction. Analysis of the register of ─ Cause and type of No major injuries or accidents. In communities along the Annually. ZESCO. injuries/accidents within injuries/accidents within ROW and at substation communities (including their communities. sites. type and cause). ─ Number of complaints. ─ Number of accidents involving communities, related to the Project. ─ Number of people injured due to Project activities. Social and Economic Monitoring the rate of rural ─ Length in km of distribution Maximizing economic benefits for Communities within 10 km Annually. ZESCO. advantages for local electrification and number of lines connecting with the communities. of the ROW and substation communities associated development Project (after Project sites. projects. implementation). Monitoring of local content ─ Number of projects objectives (local powered (after Project employment, service implementation). contracts locally sourced) ─ Number of local workers with explicit attention to used for operation and opportunities made available maintenance activities. to women. ─ Number of local women used for operation and maintenance activities. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 6-16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Component Method Indicators Standards/Targets Location Frequency Responsibility Worker’s health and Complete register of the ─ Number of workers. No injuries or accidents. Employees working in the Annually. ZESCO. safety cause and type of workers' ─ Number of working hours. line. injuries/accidents. ─ Number of total recordable cases. ─ Number of Lost Time injury. ─ Number of days off work due to an accident. ─ Number of occupational health illnesses. ─ Number of road accidents. ─ Number of fire incidents. ─ Total recordable cases frequency. ─ Lost time injury frequency. ─ Number of security incidents. ─ Number of first aid cases. ─ Number of incidents of breaches of the code of conduct. Community health Register on HIV/AIDS ─ Increase in HIV/AIDS No propagation attributable to the Communities in the ROW Annually. ZESCO. prevalence in local prevalence rate. Project. and near substation sites. population. Community health Complete register of the ─ Cause and type of No injuries or accidents associated with Communities in the ROW Annually. ZESCO in cause and type of injuries injuries/accidents within the power line and substation. and near substation sites. collaboration and accidents within communities. with local communities associated with ─ Number of complaints communities. the power line and substations. ─ Number of accidents involving communities, related to the Project. ─ Number of people injured due to Project activities. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 6-17 7 INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY- BUILDING AND TRAINING NEEDS Effective environmental and social management is based on a collaborative approach involving shared responsibilities among stakeholders. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU), specifically the environmental and social management managers and specialists, is a key player in the execution of the ESMP. Since several Project- related impacts occur during the pre-construction and construction phases, the Contractor, via its Environmental Manager, is responsible for ensuring Project commitments are met. The Contractor shall ensure that training is provided to all employees about ZESCO’s commitment to conduct the proposed activities in a manner that is respectful to local people, and which minimises impact on their lands, resources and the natural environment and social environment. Concerned authorities, such as the Ministry of Environment, play a key role in judging the acceptability and effectiveness of environmental and social management plans. Environment and social management training and capacity-building programmes shall be conducted to ensure effective implementation of the management and control measures during pre-construction and construction phases. The ESMP relies on stakeholders' enhanced understanding of their responsibilities and individual implications regarding environmental and social management. In this context, the successful implementation of the ESMP is encouraged through an institutional support and capacity-building programme. Capacity building allows stakeholders and organizations to obtain and improve knowledge, equipment skills required, by building internal capabilities to perform their jobs adequately. An effective capacity building program should encompass the following points: ─ Completion of an organizational capacity assessment prior to construction; ─ Development and implementation of a stakeholder awareness program directed at relevant stakeholders regarding the execution of the ESMP, monitoring environmental and social performance, and understanding individual responsibilities; ─ Provide the institutions responsible for monitoring the ESMP with the tools, techniques, and support necessary (e.g., technical training, mapping tools, stakeholder management, mobile laboratories, guidance regarding sampling techniques, etc.); ─ Through the PIU, NGOs, and rural associations, promote greater community involvement in Project development, environmental and social performance, continuous improvement and reducing anticipated risks for communities and infrastructures; ─ Through the PIU’s technical, environmental, and social committee, promote greater participation of concerned governmental departments in multi-sectorial planning meetings. Those capacity strengthening initiatives should allow for long-term continuous improvement of environmental and social practices as well as improved compliance with legal requirements and international best practices. Table 7-1 presents the main aspects of the capacity building and training program. Some specific aspects are discussed below. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 7-1 Table 7-1 Capacity-Building and Training Program Organization Providing Approximate Recipients Training Mode Topics the Training Cost PIU, ─ Workshops and ─ Global view of environmental aspects for energy projects ─ Ministerial delegation US$100,000 environmental seminars ─ Environmental rules and by-laws related to energy projects ─ National external experts of the ─ ESMP implementation, including specific management plans Consultants electricity ─ Specific workshops on documentation management (quality procedures) ─ International Experts society, and ─ Mitigation of SEA/SH risks staff from ─ Root cause analysis to understand incidents/accidents and development of SCAPs concerned ─ Project-related labour management procedures and codes of conduct ministries ─ Grievance management and resolution process ─ Case studies at ─ Environmental and social management, including the World Bank’s ESF and requirements of ─ Specialists from US$20,000 other existing relevant ESSs utilities project sites ─ Health and safety practices ─ National external consultants ─ International experts Ministries, ─ Technical training ─ Specific workshops on environmental monitoring and reporting ─ National external US$100,000 local on ESMP ─ Computer monitoring tools consultants (US$50,000 authorities, monitoring and ─ Mapping and meetings with stakeholders ─ International experts material) and NGO updating ─ Mobile laboratories and training on sampling techniques GRM Focal ─ Technical training ─ Overview of environmental and social impacts of the project ─ PIU experts US$15,000 Points at on grievance ─ Mitigation measures and resettlement strategy, including entitlement to compensation and ─ National external district level redress assistance measures consultants ─ Procedure to collect, receive, address and respond to grievances as well as documenting the process ─ Scope of potential issues and grievances often brought up for such projects and potential resolutions Site operation ─ Workshops ─ ESMP implementation, including specific management plans ─ Ministerial delegation US$25,000 and line ─ Case studies at ─ Environmental best practices ─ National external maintenance existing project ─ Integration of environmental and social management measures in plans and specifications Consultants staff sites ─ Internal policies and procedures relating to sustainability and preservation of natural and/or ─ International Experts critical habitats ─ Environmental work supervision ─ Environmental and social monitoring ─ Training at the ─ Environmental and social management ─ Ministerial delegation US$20,000 Project site ─ Health and safety practices ─ National external Consultants ─ International Experts WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 7-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Organization Providing Approximate Recipients Training Mode Topics the Training Cost Contractor ─ Induction ─ Induction of occupational health and safety, and emergency response ─ National external US$35,000 staff ─ Technical training ─ Introduction to the working environment, policies and practices, and organizational structure. Consultants ─ Case studies at ─ Environmental global perspective ─ International Experts existing project ─ Environmental rules and by-laws sites ─ ESMP implementation, including specific management plans ─ Training at the ─ Environmental supervision Project site ─ Road safety ─ SEA/SH awareness, prevention, and response ─ Worker grievance mechanism ─ Construction site induction training ─ Code of conduct for workers, OHS risk assessment, and labour and working conditions, including compliance with national labour laws and combatting child labour and forced labour ─ Management of respectful, environmental, and health and safety (for workers and communities) construction ─ Awareness on cultural requirements in the ESMP Communities ─ Presentations in ─ Communities Health and Safety ─ Contractors and US$20,000 communities ─ Traffic awareness NGOs ─ Appraisal of risks and opportunities related to the construction and operation of the power line ─ Local external ─ Respect of the ROW, electrocution threat, permitted and forbidden activities in the ROW, Consultants monitoring of bird mortalities and nesting (if applicable), opportunities from electrification and efficient electricity management ─ Mitigation of SEA/SH risks. ─ Awareness campaign against seasonal bushfire practices ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 7-3 7.1 REINFORCEMENT OF WORKERS AND FIELD WORKERS' SPECIFIC CAPACITIES Workers should be aware and adequately trained regarding how best practices can be integrated into their work. Ongoing toolbox talks (to include reinforcement of safe work procedures, code of conduct, etc.), and other educational posters shall be structured to meet specific needs, depending on the activity being undertaken. The Contractor shall maintain an updated list of all training sessions for review at the monthly meetings. Along the same lines, employees directly assigned to Project implementation should receive training regarding environmental and social issues related to similar projects and various aspects of environmental and social management, such as environmental protection, relations with local communities, as well as health and safety. The training could and should be adapted to the experience and role of the employees (engineers and technical specialists, professional construction workers, non-specialized workers, etc.). Furthermore, employees identified as part of specific intervention groups (firefighting, first aid, emergency response, etc.) should benefit from more extensive training adapted to the requirements of these groups. The PIU representatives are responsible for managing the training and capacity-building requirements will need to develop and implement a training register to ensure that all employees have completed the required training. The register should minimally record the nature of the training, the date it was held, who participated, and individual results if a test was given. For those trainings that need to be repeated as refresher courses during the work period, a date should be proposed for renewal. 7.2 COMMUNITIES’ AWARENESS AND TRAINING Experience gained from other transmission line projects reveals that some inhabitants still construct various structures within the wayleave and that accidents with locals during the construction and the operation phases still occur. Accidents could be reduced by offering training and informative material adapted to local communities. Communities could also play an active role as Control Agents for supervision and environmental and social monitoring, since they live near the line. Training, which targets local communities, will therefore reduce line- related risks and allow for community level involvement in monitoring, including for example, monitoring of bird mortality, nesting, and carcass management. All training offered to communities should be documented in a specific training register, recording minimally the nature of training offered, the date it was given, and the number of participants. An attendance sheet with a detailed list of all the participants should also be added to the register. 7.3 ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Successful implementation of the ESMP will be in large part dependent on the organizational capacity of the actors in charge of its implementation. To enhance this capacity, a capacity assessment will be performed at the beginning of the construction phase, once the institutional framework is in place and the individual resources have been identified. The capacity assessment will be performed by an external specialized Consultant and be focused on the environmental and social management aspects. The ultimate objective of the organizational capacity assessment will be to fine-tune the contents of the training program to address capacity shortcomings. The assessment will also evaluate the availability of resources to confirm if they have sufficient capacity to handle the workload. A specific budget for this task is reserved in the ESMP budget. WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 7-4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 8 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The following provides an overview of the key steps necessary to ensure the efficiency of the Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP), avoid redundant efforts, and to ensure that information is shared amongst all key Project parties. The pre-construction phase will see to the creation of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), according to the guidelines established within Chapter 4 of the ESMP. Institutional continuity is key to this process, and changes to the composition of the teams should be kept to a minimum to maximize their efficiency. Therefore, approximately six months are attributed to the identification, selection, and preparation (including training) of the PIU team. Once the final ROW is selected, the preconstruction phase will lead to land acquisitions associated with resettlement and compensations of affected households. All compensations will need to be paid at the satisfaction of the PAPs prior to starting construction work. An awareness program for PAPs will also need to be undertaken. The construction phase is characterized by the clearing of the ROW. In parallel with these activities is the implementation of the ESMP and its monitoring by the PIU. It is crucial that responsibilities for the implementation, supervision, and monitoring of the ESMP be clearly defined within PIU responsibilities. In the first year of the operation phase, some ESMP measures such as mitigation efforts associated with impacts arisen during the construction phase will be realized, as well as the monitoring of the state of revegetated areas and the well-being of resettled households. Generally, during the operation phase, considerable effort will be devoted to the monitoring of the Project’s performance according to environmental and social indicators. A Project ESMP implementation schedule is proposed in Table 8-1; this is divided into a preconstruction phase, construction phase, and operation phase. The detailed Project schedule includes specificities associated with the Project implementation for different lots, including Lots 1-2 (Pensulo-Kasama), Lot 3 (Kasama-Nakonde) and Lot 4 (Pensulo and Nakonde DVSDs). The construction schedules are very similar for the 4 lots, covering a 24-month period. However, Lot 3 and Lot 4 include a “Development of tender documents, update of design, and tender management ” stage at the start of activities for which the duration is expected to be 3 months. Consequently, Lot 3 and Lot 4 will be completed 3 months after Lots 1-2 because of the added 3-month “tender management” period. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 8-1 Table 8-1 ESMP and RAP Implementation Schedule – Line and Substations Months before construction starts Construction Year 1 Construction Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 and more Activities 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Pre-construction phase (12 m onths) Capacities assessment x x x x Implementation of Training/Capacity Building program x x x Preparation & Approval of all required specific management plans (under ZESCO x x x x x x x responsibilites) Identification of required local commitees and responsibles for ESMP implementation x x (including specific management plans) Valuation of assets x x Disclosure of the RAP (Pensulo-Kasama) x x Payment of compensation to PAPs (compensation sign-off, as detailed in the RAP) x x x x x Implementation of the action plan - RCAP Kasama-Nakonde x x x x Completion of PAP ressettlement x x x x x Assessment and resolution of grievances x x x x x x x x x x Mobilisation of PIU site supervision staff x x Signing of implementation contract x Preparation & Approval of all required Contractor management plans (C-ESMP) x x x Preparation and approval of Project Brief by ZEMA for temporary facilities x x x Communities information and aw areness x x Contractor Site Mobilization Lot 1 and Lot 2 x x x x Contractor Site Mobilization Lot 3 and Lot 4 x x x x Validation of tree loss w ithin Forest Reserves w ith the Forestry Department x x Surveys for Disa aequiloba x x Surveys for Euphorbia perplexia var.kasamana x x Breeding birds survey and validation of the birds diverters location x x Bat roosting sites validation x x Development of compensation plan for loss of natural and critical habitat x x x Clearing of ROW x x Construction phase (20 m onth per w ork lot, total of 23 m onths) Construction w orks Lot 1 and Lot 2 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Construction w orks Lot 3 and Lot 4 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x C-ESMP implementation x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Implementation of specific management plans for the construction phase x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Assessment and resolution of grievances x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x PIU feedback to affected communities (quarterly the 1st year & tw ice per year after) x x x x x Implementation of environmental and social performance monitoring program x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Operation and m aintenance phase under ZESCO Implementation of ESMP and management measures x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Implementation of specific management plans x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Implementation of environmental and social performance monitoring program x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Environmental and social audits x x x x x ESMP update x x x x x ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 8-3 9 COST SUMMARY Most of the costs associated with the implementation of mitigation measures and improvements cannot be specified at this stage of the study. Many of these measures will be the responsibility of the Contractor(s) who will construct the Project, so those costs will be integrated with other construction costs. It should be mentioned that it is imperative for the ESMP to be appended to the construction tender documents to be published to ensure that those costs become the responsibility of the Project Contractor(s). Since the implementation of certain measures will be under ZESCO’s and PIU’s responsibility, part of the operational budget to be applied to the application of measures is not yet known. Table 9-1 provides a summary of the main costs for the implementation of plans, programs, and certain management measures. It should be noted that the costs below should be added to the cost of the RAP (stand-alone report). ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 9-1 Table 9-1 Preliminary ESMP Budget Estimate Based on Main Costs Cost (USD) Lump sum Yearly Pre-construction and Construction Phase Organizational Capacity Assessment 50,000 PIU operating budget (4 staff for environmental & social management, 4 years) 260,000 Capacity building and training program 340,000 Development of Environmental and Social Management System based on ZESCO 250,000 SHEQ Policy, including the specific management plans for Construction (by the Contractor and the PIU) and Operation phase (by ZESCO) Updated baseline and development and detailed BMP 700,000 Implementation of the specific management plans under PIU responsibility Biodiversity Management Plan 660,000 Stakeholder Engagement Activities during preconstruction/construction phase 85,000 Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) including compensation measures and TBD assistance to affected households and landowners Code of Conduct 30,000 Workers’ Grievance Management Plan 20,000 Community Grievance Redress Mechanism 17,500 Gender Based Violence Management Plan 90,000 Environmental and social surveillance 100,000 Sub-Total 2,225,000 377,500 Operation Phase Capacity building and training program 45,000 Implement the detailed specific management plans associated with the operation phase: Stakeholder Engagement Plan 20,000 Pollution Prevention Management Plan 65,000 Biodiversity Management Plan included in included in monitoring cost monitoring cost Residual Materials and Hazardous Products Management Plan 75000 Code of Conduct 25,000 Gender-based Violence and Harassment Risk Assessment and Management 30,000 Plan Workers’ Grievance Management Plan 25,000 Community Grievance Redress Mechanism 60,000 Occupational Hygiene. Health. and Safety Plan 75,000 Community Health and Safety Plan 40,000 Emergency Prevention and Response Plan, including Spill containment kits and 60,000 spill response training of on-site staff Compensate for damage to property or assets during maintenance, including damage 5,000 to crops. Ensure regular maintenance of permanent access roads and related ditches and 10,000 culverts to prevent the water crossings from becoming insurmountable obstacles for the aquatic fauna. Maintenance will also prevent soil erosion leading to sediment input into aquatic habitats. Grade ground surface at each tower site to provide drainage away from tower base 5,000 WSP ZESCO WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT 9-2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE Cost (USD) Lump sum Yearly Coordinate with local authorities to allow local population to benefit from woody 5,000 material cleared from the ROW. Implement a sensitization program in order to educate and increase local 30,000 communities’ awareness on safe behaviors close to a powerline PAP compensation for any damage to their assets during maintenance activities 5,000 Stakeholder engagement activities during operation phase 10,000 Monitoring of environmental and social performance. including the development of 73,000 182,000 adapted mitigation measures (notably for birds) Environmental audit 50,000 Supervision of environmental and social monitoring from designated authorities 72,000 Sub-Total 675,000 292,000 TOTAL 2,900,000 669,500 ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA INTERCONNECTOR PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 9-3 10 REFERENCES ─ AECOM, 2017. Feasibility Study and Conceptual Design of Tanzania-Zambia Power Interconnection Study, Final Feasibility Report, Volume 1 Report. ─ CBD, 2011. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and the Aichi Targets. Available online: https://www.cbd.int/doc/strategic-plan/2011-2020/Aichi-Targets-EN.pdf ─ Chidumayo, E. 1987. Species structure in Zambian Miombo Woodland. Journal of Tropical Ecology. 3(02):109 – 118. ─ International Finance Corporation (IFC), 2018. Good Practice Note. Assessing and Managing the Risks and Impacts of the Use of Security Personnel. Available online at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/692931540325377520/Environment-and-Social-Framework- ESF-Good-Practice-Note-on-Security-Personnel-English.pdf. Last accessed: October 10, 2024. ─ International Finance Corporation (IFC), 2017. Good Practice Handbook. Use of Security Forces: Assessing and Managing Risks and Impacts. Guidance for the Private Sector in Emerging Markets. Available online at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/pt/933141489062183541/pdf/113251-WP-IFC-Security- Forces-Mar1-2017-PUBLIC.pdf. Last accessed: August 28, 2024. ─ International Finance Corporation (IFC), 2007. 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Available online at: https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/4a4db1c5- ee97-43ba-99dd-8b120b22ea32/1-7%2BNoise.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=ls4XYBw. Last accessed: November 26, 2019. ─ World Health Organization, 2021. Global Air Quality Guidelines. ZESCO WSP ZAMBIA-TANZANIA POWER INTERCONNECTION PROJECT WSP REF.: CA0027197.7329. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN UPDATE 10-1