Republic of Kenya Coast Water Works Development Agency IMPROVEMENT OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION SYSTEMS IN MOMBASA: MWACHE CKE 1103 Preliminary Design, Tender Documents, Safeguards (ESIA and RAP) Reports and Construction Supervision of Mwache Water Treatment Plant Contract No : CWSB/AFD/MWCE/C/4/2017 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA LICENCE NO NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 JANUARY 2025 JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Preliminary Design, Tender Documents, Safeguards (ESIA and RAP) Reports and Construction Supervision of Mwache Water Treatment Plant REPUBLIC OF KENYA - COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY VERSION DESCRIPTION PREPARED BY APPROVED BY DATE Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Project Report – Godwin L Sakwa, 01 Bernard Danthon 25.01.2022 Addendum (1) to Mwache Dam ESIA Ranjit S. Rupra Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Project Report – Godwin L Sakwa, 02 Bernard Danthon 25.11.2024 Addendum (1) to Mwache Dam ESIA Ranjit S. Rupra Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Project Report – Godwin L Sakwa, 03 Bernard Danthon 27.01.2025 Addendum (1) to Mwache Dam ESIA Ranjit S. Rupra ARTELJA - Water, Climate and Solid Waste 6 rue de Lorraine – 38130 Echirolles – FRANCE – TEL : +33 (0)4 76 33 40 00 MANGAT, I.B.PATEL LIMITED – Consulting Engineers P.O. Box 48674, 00100 - GPO - Nairobi, KENYA – TEL : +254 20 2710500 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE A REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA CERTIFICATION Compiled By: Signed …………………………………………….……………… Date…………………………. Godwin Lidahuli Sakwa NEMA Registered Lead Expert NEMA Reg No. 2492 Checked By: Authorized Representative: Signed ……………………………………………….……………… Date…………………………. Eng. Ranjit S. Rupra ARTELJA - Water, Climate and Solid Waste 6 rue de Lorraine – 38130 Echirolles – FRANCE – TEL : +33 (0)4 76 33 40 00 MANGAT, I.B.PATEL LIMITED – Consulting Engineers P.O. Box 48674, 00100 - GPO - Nairobi, KENYA – TEL : +254 20 2710500 Proponent Signed …………………………………………….…… Date…………………………. Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Coast Water Works Development Agency Mikindani Street, Off Nkurumah Road, P.O. Box 90417-80100, Mombasa, Kenya. Tel: +254 041 231 5230 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA TABLE OF CONTENTS ABREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...................................................... F EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................... 1 E.1 BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................ 1 E.2 ENVIRONMENT LICENSE VARIATION............................................................................................. 1 E.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................... 2 E.4 LEGAL AND POLICY REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS ........................................................................ 2 E.5 ASSESSMENT PROJECT CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS RELATED TO WTP COMPONENTS................. 4 E.6 CUMMULATIVE IMPACTS ASSESSMENT........................................................................................ 8 E.7 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS PRE-COMMISSIONING OF THE WTP............................................ 11 E.8: ESMP DURING OPERATION OF THE WTP .................................................................................... 12 E.7 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................ 13 E.8 PROVISIONS ................................................................................................................................. 14 MAIN REPORT .................................................................................. 1 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1 1.1. GENERAL ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. ENVIRONMENT LICENSE VARIATION .............................................................................................. 3 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................. 4 2.1 WATER DEMAND AND CAPACITY OF THE WTP .............................................................................. 4 2.1.1 WATER DEMAND ................................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.2 CAPACITY OF PROJECT COMPONENTS ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2 RAW WATER PUMPING STATION (RWPS) ...................................................................................... 5 2.3 RAW WATER PUMPING MAIN (RWPM) ......................................................................................... 7 2.4 WATER TREATMENT PLANT............................................................................................................ 9 2.4.1 DESIGN DATA ..................................................................................................................................... 9 2.4.2 WATER TREATMENT LINE ................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.3 SLUDGE LINE .................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.4 WATER DISCHARGE ........................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.5 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT OF THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT ....................................................................... 12 2.5 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................... 15 2.5.1 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE ................................................................................................................. 15 2.5.2 SITE LOCATION ALTERNATIVE .............................................................................................................. 15 2.5.3 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ALTERNATIVE .............................................................................................. 16 2.6 COST ESTIMATES .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.6.1 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE (CAPEX) ......................................................................................................... 17 2.6.2 OPERATIONAL EXPENDITURE (OPEX) ................................................................................................... 17 2.7 SUMMARY OF SCOPE OF WORK – EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS ............................................... 18 3. BASELINE INFORMATION FOR WTP SITE ...................................... 20 3.1 LOCATION AND LAND OWNERSHIP .............................................................................................. 20 3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ................................................................................................................. 22 3.3 DRAINAGE AND HYDROLOGY ....................................................................................................... 22 3.4 GEOLOGY AND SOILS .................................................................................................................... 23 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE A REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 3.5 TOPOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................... 24 3.6 BIODIVERSITY ................................................................................................................................ 24 3.7 RECEPTORS WITHIN PROJECT AREA ............................................................................................. 25 4. POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ................................................ 26 4.1 POLICY AND LEGAL PROVISIONS .................................................................................................. 26 4.1.1 KENYA CONSTITUTION 2010............................................................................................................... 26 4.1.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION ACT 1999 CAP 386 .................................................. 26 4.1.3 WATER ACT 2016 AND APPLICABLE WATER RULES OF 2007 ................................................................... 29 4.1.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT (OSHA) 2007........................................................................ 30 4.1.6 SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT 2022 .................................................................................... 32 4.1.7 THE CLIMATE CHANGE ACT REVISED IN 2023 ........................................................................................ 32 4.1.8 PHYSICAL LAND USE AND PLANNING ACT 2019 ..................................................................................... 32 4.1.9 NATIONAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS .............................................................................................. 32 4.1 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL STANDARDS (ESS) OF THE WORLD BANK....................................... 33 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY FOR AFD-FUNDED OPERATIONS .. 35 5. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION.................................................... 36 5.1 STAKEHOLDER MAPPING AND IDENTIFICATION .......................................................................... 36 5.2 STAKEHOLDER AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SCHEDULE .............................................................. 36 6. ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS POSED BY THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) ........................................ 41 6.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 41 6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE POSITIVE IMPACTS ................................................................................. 41 6.3 OPERATION PHASE POSITIVE IMPACTS ........................................................................................ 41 6.4 WATER TREATMENT PLANT CONSTRUCTION PHASE NEGATIVE IMPACTS .................................. 42 6.4.1 IMPACT ON PHYSICAL RESOURCES AND RECEPTORS ................................................................................ 42 6.4.2 IMPACT ON BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND RECEPTORS ............................................................................. 54 6.4.3 IMPACT ON SOCIAL RESOURCES AND RECEPTORS .................................................................................... 55 6.5 OPERATION PHASE NEGATIVE IMPACTS ...................................................................................... 57 6.5.1 PERMITS AND LICENSES REQUIRED ....................................................................................................... 57 6.5.2 MANAGEMENT OF BACKWASH WATER FROM THE WTP .......................................................................... 57 6.5.3 EROSION CONTROL AT WASHOUTS ...................................................................................................... 58 6.5.4 SLUDGE MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 58 6.5.5 MANAGEMENT OF REAGENTS AT THE WTP ........................................................................................... 59 6.5.6 SEWERAGE MANAGEMENT ON SITE...................................................................................................... 60 6.5.7 FENCING OF THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT ......................................................................................... 60 6.5.8 AESTHETIC AND HYGIENE .................................................................................................................... 60 6.5.9 AFFORESTATION PROGRAM ................................................................................................................ 60 7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN (ESMP) ............................................................................... 61 7.1 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF ESMP ........................................................................................... 61 7.2 ESMP DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE WTP............................................................................... 61 7.3 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS PRE-COMMISSIONING OF THE WTP .............................................. 73 7.4 STATUTORY COMPLAINCE MEASURES DURING OPERATION OF THE WTP .................................. 75 8. FINDINGS AND PROVISIONS ........................................................ 77 8.1 FINDINGS ...................................................................................................................................... 77 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE B REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 8.2 INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY .................................................................................................. 78 8.3 ADDENDUM PROVISIONS ............................................................................................................. 79 8.4 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .............................................................................................. 79 APPENDIX 1 - MWACHE DAM ENVIRONMENT LICENSE NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 ................................................................... 82 APPENDIX 2 - APPLICATION FOR VARIATION OF MWACHE DAM ENVIRONMENT LICENSE NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 ............................. 82 APPENDIX 3 - LEAD EXPERT’S YEAR 2024 ........................................ 82 APPENDIX 4 - MINUTES OF MEETINGS HELD ................................... 82 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE C REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA TABLES Table E.1: Capacity of Project component ........................................................................................................ 2 Table E.2: Applicable Policy, Standards and Legal Statutes .............................................................................. 3 Table E-3: Impact Significance ........................................................................................................................... 4 Table E-4: Impact Significance Assessment ....................................................................................................... 4 Table E.5: Environment and Social Impacts and Mitigation at Project Construction Phase ............................. 5 Table E.6: Assessment of VECs and Cumulative Impacts Implication ............................................................. 10 Table E.7: Statutory Requirements Prior to Pre-commissioning of the Project Components ........................ 11 Table E.8: Environment and Social Impacts and Mitigation at Project Operation Phase ............................... 12 Table 2.1: Adopted Water Demand and the Proposed Re-Allocation of Water Supply for Mombasa City...... 4 Table 2.2: Capacity of Project Component ........................................................................................................ 4 Table 2.3: Final Proposed Water Quality Design Input Values .......................................................................... 9 Table 2.4: Selected Water Treatment Process Units....................................................................................... 11 Table 2.5: CAPEX Summary ............................................................................................................................. 17 Table 2.6: OPEX Summary ............................................................................................................................... 17 Table 3.1: Water Quality Parameters .............................................................................................................. 22 Table 3.2: Environmental Receptors ............................................................................................................... 25 Table 4.1: EMCA Regulations Applicable to the Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) .............................. 27 Table 4.2: Water Resources Management Rules Applicable to the Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) 29 Table 4.3: Provisions of OSHA Act 2007 (Applicable at Operation Stage) ...................................................... 30 Table 4.4: National Drinking Water Quality Standards ................................................................................... 32 Table 4.5: Microbiological Limits for Drinking Water...................................................................................... 33 Table 4.6: World Bank Environment and Social Standards ............................................................................. 33 Table 5-1: Inventory of the Project Stakeholder ............................................................................................ 36 Table 5-2: Schedule of Stakeholder Public Participation ................................................................................ 37 Table 5-3: Stakeholders Concerns and Responses .......................................................................................... 38 Table 5.4: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Gandini Location ............................................................ 39 Table 5.5: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Mbuguni Location .......................................................... 39 Table 5.6: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Kiteje Sub Location ........................................................ 40 Table 6.1: Pre-Mitigation Impact Assessment................................................................................................. 42 Table 6.2: Mitigation Impact Assessment ....................................................................................................... 43 Table 6-3:Results for Particulate matter (<2.5 microns) ................................................................................. 45 Table 6-4: Results for Particulate matter (<10 microns) ................................................................................. 45 Table 6-5: Results for Gaseous Parameters..................................................................................................... 46 Table 6.6: World Bank Group Noise Level Guidelines ..................................................................................... 47 Table 6.7: NEMA Noise Level Guidelines ......................................................................................................... 47 Table 6-8: Results for Singular Noise Measurements ..................................................................................... 48 Table 6-9: Results for noise equivalents.......................................................................................................... 50 Table 6-10: Determination of noise significance of results ............................................................................. 50 Table 6-11: Measurement Locations ............................................................................................................... 51 Table 6-12: Vibration Measurement Results................................................................................................... 53 Table 6.13: Permits and Licenses Required ..................................................................................................... 57 Table 6.14: Management of Reagents on Site ................................................................................................ 59 Table 7.1: Environment and Social Management Monitoring Plan during Construction of WTP................... 62 Table 7.2: OSHA 2007 Statutory Provisions Pre-Commissioning of the WTP. ................................................ 74 Table 7.3: Statutory Compliance Measures during Operation of the WTP ..................................................... 76 Table 8.1: Institutional Responsibility ............................................................................................................. 78 Table 8.2: Grievance Redress Steps................................................................................................................. 80 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE D REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figures Figure 1-1: A Location Plan of the Proposed Components of the Mwache Dam Water Supply System .......... 2 Figure 1-2: Components of the Mwache Dam Project and respective Financing Agencies.............................. 3 Figure 2-1: Location of Proposed Site for Raw Water Pumping Station ............................................................ 5 Figure 2-2: Mwache Dam Raw Water Abstraction and Pumping System .......................................................... 6 Figure 2-3: Proposed Alignment of Raw Water Pumping Main ....................................................................... 8 Figure 2-4: Water Treatment Line .................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 2-5: Sludge Treatment Line................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 2-6: General Layout Plan for Mwache WTP .......................................................................................... 13 Figure 2-7: Water Treatment Plant Site Layout Plan....................................................................................... 14 Figure 2-8: Alternative Location for Mwache Water Treatment Plant ........................................................... 16 Figure 3-1: Map of Kinango Sub County (Project is sited in Kasemeni Ward) ................................................ 20 Figure 3-2: Layout Plan of proposed Raw Water Pumping Main Alignment Options and WTP Location ....... 21 Figure 8.1. Grievance Redress Procedure ....................................................................................................... 81 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE E REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ABREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFD Agence Francaise de Développement ASALs Arid and Semi-Arid Lands AoI Area of Influence BoD Biological Oxygen Demand CWWDA Coast Water Works Development Agency C-ESMP - Construction – Environment and Social management Plan CoC Code of Conduct CHSMP Construction Health and Safety Management Plan DMP Dust Management Plan ESAAP Environment and Social Audit Action Plan EHS Environment Health and Safety EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environment Impact Assessment EMCA Environment Management & Coordination Act ESMP Environment and Social Management Plan IFC International Finance Cooperation ILO International Labour Organization KFS Kenya Forest Service H&S Health and Safety NEMA National Environmental Management Authority NOx Nitrogen Oxides Sox Sulphur Oxides SGR Standard Gauge Railway SML South Mainland OSHA Occupational Health & Safety Act PDR Preliminary Design Report Pm Particulate Matter PPE Personal Protective Equipment MOWASSCO Mombasa Water and Sanitation Services Company NMP North Mainland TMP Traffic Management Plan VOC Volatile Organic Compounds WML West Mainland WTP Water Treatment Plant WBG World Bank Group WRA Water Resources Authority WMP Waste Management Plan ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE F REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.1 BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The Mwache Dam Water Supply Project entails:  An 84m RCC dam on the Mwache river, crest length 526.1m  A Raw Water Pumping Station, Raw Water Pumping Main, Water Treatment Plant (WTP) with a clear water tank and associated facilities within the vicinity of the Dam with a proposed production capacity of 186,000 m3/d  Four Terminal Reservoirs; one for each of the target supply areas (North Main Land, West Main Land, South Main Land and Island); namely  Nguu Tatu terminal reservoir, proposed within the existing Nguu Tatu Reservoir Site, serving the North Mainland  Changamwe Reservoir, proposed at the existing Changamwe Reservoir Site, serving Mombasa Island  Dongo Kundu Reservoir, proposed to be constructed within Dongo Kundu area in Mtongwe, serving the South Mainland  West Mainland reservoir, proposed to be located at a100 masl site within the West Mainland, to serve the West Mainland area  A system of Treated Water Transmission Pipelines, transmitting treated water from the Mwache WTP to the proposed Reservoirs The MWS&I has secured funds from the Word Bank (WB) and from the Agence Francaise de Développement (AFD), for financing implementation of the various components of the Mwache Dam Water Supply Project. The WB will finance the Dam and possibly the Nguu Tatu, Changamwe and WML reservoirs and their corresponding transmission pipelines. The AFD will finance the WTP & associated facilities, the Dongo Kundu reservoir, the trunk transmission pipeline (common to all the reservoirs) and the pipeline to Dongo Kundu. The present design and supervision contract consists of the following components: raw water pumping station, raw water pumping main, the water treatment plant and the clear water tank. E.2 ENVIRONMENT LICENSE VARIATION The Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation through the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilience Project (KWSCRP) (2016) commissioned an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the Dam and the Lower Check dam. Further an Environmental Impact Assessment License (NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204) was obtained from the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) on 18th September 2018 with a validly of 24 months from date of issuance. This Report presents an Addendum to the ESIA prepared for Mwache Dam and Lower Check Dam . The addendum seeks to include the proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and associated works including Raw Water Pumping Station and the Raw Water Pumping main. The Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation as outlined under the Gazette Notice No. 56 of 2003 provides for variation of Environmental Impact Assessment Licenses to include additional scope of works or to renew expired Licenses. Clause 25. (1) provides that where a proponent wishes to vary the terms and conditions on which an Environmental Impact Assessment License has been issued, the holder of the License has to apply for a Variation in Form 9 set out in the First Schedule of the EIA Regulations 2003. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 1 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Therefore, this addendum will be used to apply for variation of Mwache Dam Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 to include additional scope of the WTP and extend license validity for an additional 24 months. E.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Table E.1 below presents the design capacity of the Project components as outlined in the Preliminary Design Report (Artelia/MIBP Nov. 2021): Table E.1: Capacity of Project component PROJECT COMPONENT UNIT CAPACITY Design Output production m3/day 186,000 Year WTP 2035 Production losses (backwashing requirements): 5% m3/day 9,300 Input supply capacity m3/day 195,300 Storage Tank 2035 Storage capacity m3 15,000 Raw Water Design Capacity (excluding the component for m3/d 195,300 Intake irrigation and environmental flows) Pumping Design Capacity m3/hr 8,900 Stations E.4 LEGAL AND POLICY REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS The project is listed under the Second Schedule of the EMCA 1999 cap 387 Legal Notice 31 and 32 of 30th April 2019of which require that an EIA be carried out to identify the environmental impacts, their significance and mitigation measures be proposed. Also, World Bank OP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment requires that such projects be subjected to an environmental impact assessment. Further, Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations was also reviewed. The policy provides that any development operation may involve potentially adverse risks, particularly in terms of environmental and social impacts. Consequently, AFD’s financing is conditional upon the implementation by the client of continuous and systematic environmental and social assessment procedures to (i) assess the environmental and social impacts of operations, (ii) propose appropriate measures to avoid the negative impacts or, when they are unavoidable, reduce or offset them in an appropriate manner, (iii) monitor the application of such measures during the implementation phase of the operation, and (iv) conduct an ex post evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures. At ESIA stage detailed analysis of the applicable Acts of parliament was discussed, under this addendum the focus was on statutes discussed on Table E.2 on Page 3. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 2 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table E.2: Applicable Policy, Standards and Legal Statutes STATUTE REGULATIONS / RULES/ STANDARD/POLICY Relevance Environment  Legal Notice No 101: The Environmental (Impact The proposed WTP Project including Management Assessment and Audit) Regulations, 2003. associated works is classified under and  Legal Notice No. 19: Wetlands, River Banks, Lake Medium-risk project in the Second Coordination Schedule of EMCA 1999 and thus Shores and Sea Shore Management) Regulations, 2009. Act (EMCA) requires an ESIA. By conducting this 1999 Cap 387  Legal Notice no 120: Water Quality Regulations, 2006. ESIA, the project therefore complies  Legal Notice no 121: Waste Management Regulation with the Act. The Act provides 2006 regulations that are discussed in  The Environmental (Impact Assessment and Audit) detail in this report Regulations, 2003  Environmental Management and Coordination (Water Quality) Regulations, 2006  (Waste Management Regulations, 2006  Noise and Excessive Vibration Pollution (Control) Regulations, 2009  The Environmental Management and Coordination (Air Quality Regulations 2014)  National Water Quality Standards Water Act  Water Resources Management Rules of 2007 The proposed WTP Project is 2016 envisaged to abstract and provide reliable water to residents of Kwale and Mombasa Counties in line with the provisions of this Act. Occupational Fire Risk Reduction Rules, 2007 OSHA is enforced by the directorate Health and Medical Examination Rules, 2005 of occupational safety and health Safety Act Safety and Health Committee Rules of 2004 services (DOSHS). Further, the (OSHA) 2007 First-Aid Rules, 1977 project contractor will be expected to register the site as a work place with DOSHS and also engaged the directorate in handling work related accidents. World Bank  (ESS1) Assessment and Management of As provided by the Environmental Environment and Social Framework (ESF), The Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Environmental and Social Standards and Social  (ESS2) Labor and Working Conditions (ESSs), are designed to avoid, Standards  (ESS3) Resource Efficiency Pollution prevention minimize, reduce or mitigate the (ESS) and Management adverse environmental and social risks and impacts of projects, the  (ESS4) Community Health and Safety frameworks are discussed in detail in  (ESS5) Land Acquisition, Restrictions on land Use this report under chapter 4 and Involuntary Resettlement  (ESS6) Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources  (ESS7) Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities  (ESS8) Cultural Heritage  (ESS10) Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure AFD Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for The policy provides that any Safeguards AFD-funded Operations development operation may involve potentially adverse risks, particularly Policy in terms of environmental and social impacts. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 3 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.5 ASSESSMENT PROJECT CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS RELATED TO WTP COMPONENTS Impact Significance The assessment characterized magnitude of impact and sensitivity of receptors. A summary of significance of each impact was designated using the matrix given in Table E-3. Table E-3: Impact Significance SENSITIVITY OF THE RECEPTOR Low Medium High Magnitude of Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Impact Small Negligible Minor Moderate Medium Minor Moderate Major Large Moderate Major Major The matrix applies universally to all receptors, and all impacts to these receptors, as the receptor -specific considerations are factored into the assignment of magnitude and sensitivity of the receptor. A summary of impact significance discussed in this report is presented in Table E-4. Table E-4: Impact Significance Assessment SEVERITY RATING ENVIRONMENTAL / SOCIAL PHASE IMPACT TYPE BEFORE RECEPTOR AFTER MITIGATION MITIGATION Impact on Water Resources and Construction Direct Minor Negligible storm water infrastructure along the water pipeline alignment Impacts on Soil Resources along the Operation Direct Moderate Minor water pipeline alignment Impact on Air Quality on human Construction Direct Moderate Negligible along the water pipeline alignment Noise and Vibration Impacts along Construction Direct Minor Negligible the water pipeline alignment Impacts on Flora and Vegetation Construction Direct Minor Negligible Cover Community Health and Safety Construction Direct Moderate Minor Workers Health and Safety Construction Direct Moderate Minor Resettlement Impacts Construction Direct Moderate Minor ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 4 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA A summary of Environment and Social Impacts discussed in this report is provided in Table E.5 below. Table E.5: Environment and Social Impacts and Mitigation at Project Construction Phase RISK MITIGATION Impacts on Water ● All wastewater which may be contaminated with oily substances must be managed in Resource accordance with an appropriate Waste Management Plan (WMP). ● No hydrocarbon-contaminated water may be discharged to the environment. ● At construction stage, the contractor will prepare Specific Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) which will include among other; Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan and Waste Management Plan. Impacts on Soil ● Vegetation clearing and topsoil disturbance will be minimized. Resource ● Contour temporary and permanent access roads / laydown areas so as to minimize surface water runoff and erosion. ● Sheet and rill erosion of soil shall be prevented where necessary through the use of sand bags, diversion berms, culverts, or other physical means. ● Topsoil shall be stockpiled separate from subsoil. Stockpiles shall not exceed 2 m height, shall be located away from drainage lines, shall be protected from rain and wind erosion, and shall not be contaminated. ● Wherever possible construction work will take place during the dry season. ● Topsoil shall be evenly spread across the cleared areas when reinstated. ● Accelerated erosion from storm events during construction shall be minimized through managing storm water runoff (e.g., velocity control measures). ● Soil backfilled into excavations shall be replaced in the order of removal in order to preserve the soil profile. ● Spread mulch generated from indigenous cleared vegetation across exposed soils after construction ● At construction stage, the contractor will prepare Specific Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) which included among other; Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan and Waste Management Plan. Impacts on Air As general measures for all locations: Quality ● Develop a Dust Management Plan (DMP); ● Record all dust and air quality complaints, identify cause(s), take appropriate measures; ● Liaise with local communities to forewarn of potentially dusty activities; ● Undertake monitoring close to dusty activities, noting that this may be daily visual inspections, or passive/active monitoring as parameter ● Undertake inspections to ensure compliance with the Dust Management Plan; ● Plan potentially dusty activities so that these are located as far from receptors as feasible; ● Erect solid screens if feasible around stockpiles and concrete batching; ● Avoid run off of mud and water and maintain drains in a clean state; ● Remove dusty materials from site as soon as possible if not being re-used. If being re-used, cover or vegetate if possible; ● Impose speed limits on haul routes and in construction compounds to reduce dust generation; ● Minimize drop heights when loading stockpiles or transferring materials; and ● Avoid waste or vegetation burning. For traffic on unpaved roads: ● Undertake watering to attenuate dust near sensitive receptors. The duration and frequency of this should be set out in the Dust Management Plan and will consider water availability and any stakeholder grievances; and ● On unpaved roads in use for more than 1 month, consider use of surface and sealants to reduce the use of water and water trucks. Use of lignin-based sealants recommended due to low environmental toxicity. For excavations and levelling ● Revegetate exposed areas as soon as feasible; ● Revegetate or cover stockpiles if feasible; ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 5 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK MITIGATION ● Expose the minimum area required for the works, and undertake exposure on a staged basis to minimize dust blow. Noise and ● Siting noisy plant and equipment as far away as possible from human settlement, and use Vibrations Impacts of barriers (e.g., site huts, acoustic sheds or partitions) to reduce the level of construction noise at receptors wherever practicable; ● Where practicable noisy equipment will be orientated to face away from the nearest Human settlement and other receptors; ● Working hours for significant noise generating construction work (including works required to upgrade existing access roads or create new ones), will be daytime only; ● Alternatives to diesel and petrol engines and pneumatic units, such as hydraulic or electric- controlled units, will be used, where practicable; ● Where practicable, stationary equipment will be located in an acoustically treated enclosure; ● For machines with fitted enclosures, doors and door seals will be checked to ensure they are in good working order; also, that the doors close properly against the seals; ● Throttle settings will be reduced and equipment and plant turned off, when not being used; ● Equipment will be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure it is in good working order. The condition of mufflers will also be checked; and fitting of mufflers or silencers of the type recommended by manufacturers. Impacts on ● Avoidance of impacts should be prioritized. However, if not possible then compensatory vegetation cover planting of trees that will be cut by the contractor during works will be undertaken. ● Vegetation shall only be within the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) only if the vegetation and will interfere with Project construction and/or present a hazard. ● Areas to be cleared shall be agreed and demarcated before the start of the clearing operations to minimize exposure. ● The use of existing cleared or disturbed areas for the Contractor’s office, stockpiling of materials etc. shall be encouraged. ● Whenever possible, all damaged areas shall be reinstated and rehabilitated upon completion of the contract to as near pre-construction conditions as possible. ● Rehabilitation of temporary construction sites and pioneer camps (if needed) should be done as swiftly as possible and always with suitable native grasses and other plants Community Health ● Contractor will develop and monitor the implementation of a Community Health and Safety Safety and Security Management Plan (CHSMP) Impacts ● Contractor will develop Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) in cooperation with local emergency authorities and hospitals. ● Contractor will extend the Worker Code of Conduct to include guidelines on worker – community interactions and will provide training on the worker code of conduct to all employees including drivers as part of the induction process. ● Contractor will provide primary health care and first aid at construction office sites for workers to avoid pressure on local healthcare infrastructures. ● Contractor will implement a Community Grievance Mechanism. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Traffic Management Plan covering aspects such as vehicle safety, driver and passenger behaviour, use of drugs and alcohol, operating hours, rest periods, community education on traffic safety and accident reporting and investigations. Worker Health and ● Contractor will develop a Human Resources Policy, which will outline worker rights to be Safety and Workers included in all contracts including restrictions on working hours in line with applicable ILO Management standards, compensation including consideration of overtime, holidays etc. contractor will impacts require its subcontractors to put in place policies in line with national legislation and applicable international legislation and contractor Code of Conduct and Policies. ● Contractor will establish contractual clauses (signed code of conduct) to be embedded in the contracts of the workers and sub-contractors that require adherence to Kenyan law and international standards to be upheld related to worker rights. ● Contractor will prohibit the use of alcohol or drugs, which could adversely affect the ability ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 6 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK MITIGATION of the employee to perform the work safely or adversely affect the health and safety of other employees, community members or the environment. ● Contractor and sub- contractors will assess the H&S risks related with the tasks to be performed during the construction phase. ● Pre-employment medical assessments will be put in place as a workforce risk management tool to screen individuals for risk factors that may limit their ability to perform a job safely and effectively. Expected benefits of conducting pre-employment medical assessments include a safer working environment, reduction in workplace injuries, minimized downtime, matching the capacity of the employee with the role, and overall recruitment cost and risk reduction. The assessment will be done manner to ensure fairness and non-discrimination, is in line with the Employment Act, and the Persons with Disabilities Act ● Contractor will ensure that training on health and safety measures is provided to all construction workers prior to starting to work on the Project and that supervisors have adequate experience to deliver on their responsibilities. ● Contractor will implement regular health and safety checks and audits of workers, and subcontractors and implement sanctions in case of breaches of national standards and the Project’s specific standards. Such audits to include workplace H&S; worker contracts, working hours, pay and conditions; housing and food standards. The audits will be done by an independent entity approved by the proponent. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Workers Grievance Mechanism for the Project workforce including workers and subcontractors. ● Contractor will establish a procedure for the recording and analysis of incidents and lessons learned such that additional actions can be implemented to avoid or minimize occupational health and safety risks. ● Contractor will ensure that facilities and work sites are designed and maintained such that robust barriers are in place to prevent accidents. ● Contractor will ensure that its Code of Conduct is followed to regulate the performance and behaviour of all workers, including provision for disciplinary action for anti-social behaviour and non-compliance with health and safety regulations such as lack of use of PPE. ● Contractor will ensure that IFC/World Bank Health and Safety guidelines regarding the construction and management of worker accommodation and the provisions of medical facilities at worker accommodation are followed. ● Contractor will ensure that adequate clean water, adequate food and access to medical care is provided to all workers on the worksite and at accommodation. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Traffic Management Plan covering aspects such as vehicle safety, driver and passenger behaviour, use of drugs and alcohol, operating hours, rest periods, community education on traffic safety and accident reporting and investigations. ● Contractor will develop a Waste Management Plan for the construction phase with clear guidelines for the safe storage and disposal of hazardous waste and handling of hazardous materials. Sexual Exploitation ● Ensure clear human resources policy against sexual harassment that is aligned with Abuse and national law Harassment (SEAH) ● Integrate provisions related to sexual harassment in the employee COC ● Ensure appointed human resources personnel to manage reports of sexual harassment according to policy ● The Contractor shall require his employees, sub-contractors, and any personnel thereof engaged in construction works to individually sign and comply with a Code of Conduct with specific provisions on protection from sexual exploitation and abuse ● The contractor will implement provisions that ensure that gender-based violence at the community level is not triggered by the Project, including: - effective and on-going community engagement and consultation, particularly with women and girls; - Review of specific project components that are known to heighten GBV risk at the community level, e.g., compensation schemes; employment schemes for women; etc. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 7 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK MITIGATION ● the contractor shall develop specific plan for mitigating these known risks, e.g., sensitization around gender-equitable approaches to compensation and employment; etc. ● The contractor will ensure adequate referral mechanisms for Project Workers are in place and if a case of GBV is at the community level appropriate action/advice will be taken. ● Develop and implement a SEA action plan with an Accountability and Response Framework as part of the C-ESMP. The SEA action plan will follow guidance on the World Bank’s Good Practice Note for Addressing Gender-based Violence in Investment Project Financing involving Major Civil Works (Sept 2018). ● The SEA action plan will include how the project will ensure necessary steps are in place for: - Prevention of SEA: including COCs and ongoing sensitization of staff on responsibilities related to the COC and consequences of non-compliance; project-level Information Education and Communication (IEC) materials; - Response to SEA: including survivor-cantered coordinated multi-sectoral referral and assistance to complainants according to standard operating procedures; staff reporting mechanisms; written procedures related to case oversight, investigation and disciplinary procedures at the project level, including confidential data management; - Engagement with the community: including development of confidential community- based complaints mechanisms discrete from the standard GRM; mainstreaming of PSEA awareness-raising in all community engagement activities; community-level IEC materials; regular community outreach to women and girls about social risks and their PSEA-related rights; ● Management and Coordination: including integration of SEA in job descriptions, employments contracts, performance appraisal systems, etc.; development of contract policies related to SEA, including whistle blower protection and investigation and disciplinary procedures; training for all project management; management of coordination mechanism for case oversight, investigations and disciplinary procedures; supervision of dedicated PSEA focal points in the project and trained community liaison officers. HIV/AIDs ● Sensitize workers and the surrounding communities on awareness, prevention and management of HIV/AIDS and sexual health and rights through staff training, awareness campaigns, multimedia and workshops or during community Barazas. ● Use existing clinics to provide Voluntary Counselling Centres (VCT) services to construction crew ● Ensure safety of women and girls in provision of VCT services. E.6 CUMMULATIVE IMPACTS ASSESSMENT Definition The assessment of cumulative impacts is a long-established requirement for any comprehensive ESIA. For the purposes of this Proposed Project, the IFC Performance Standards and IFC Good Practice Note: Cumulative Impact Assessment and Management Guidance for the Private Sector in Emerging Markets have been used as a primary reference source. IFC PS12 defines cumulative impacts as: “…impacts that result from the incremental impact, on areas or resources used or directly impacted by the project, from other existing, planned or reasonably defined developments at the time the risks and impacts identification process is conducted”. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 8 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA The impacts of the Proposed Project thus need to be considered in conjunction with the potential impacts from other future developments or activities that are existing, planned or reasonably defined, and are located within a geographical scope where potential environmental and social interactions could act together with the Proposed Project to create a more or less significant overall impact. The concept of Valued Environmental and Social Components (VECs) The Cumulative Impact Assessment Good Practice Handbook was issued by the IFC in August 2013. This Handbook supplements the IFC PS1 and its Guidance Note, providing further guidance on the practical assessment of cumulative impacts, recognizing some of the uncertainties and constraints faced by private sector proponents. It also introduces the concept of Valued Environmental and Social Components (VECs), which are environmental and social attributes that are considered to be important in assessing risk and can include:  Physical features;  Wildlife populations;  Environmental processes;  Ecosystem conditions (e.g. biodiversity);  Social conditions (e.g. health, economics); or  Cultural aspects. Existing, Planned or Reasonably Defined Developments A number of sources were reviewed to establish whether there is existing, planned or reasonably defined developments that are located within a geographical scope where potential environmental and social interactions could act together with the Proposed Project to create a more or less significant overall impact.  Mwache Multi-Purpose Dam Project  Mombasa Southern Bypass Highway Project  the special economic zone development project at dongo kundu  800mw Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Power Plant at Dongo Kundu  Storm Water Drainage System that will cover Mvita, Changamwe, Jomvu, Kisauni, Nyali and Likoni Sub Counties  North Mainland Transmission Line Project Evaluation of Cumulative Effects on VECs Evaluation of cumulative effects takes into consideration the potential impacts that could be generated by the Project and adds those generated by identified past, existing and future projects. This evaluation will be realized through the analysis of the various projects’ effects on each of the VECs. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 9 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table E.6: Assessment of VECs and Cumulative Impacts Implication # VECs Impacts Consideration 1 Water  Transport of exposed or disturbed soils Some cumulative effect may be Resources towards water courses during rain events anticipated. However, with the  Accidental spills and leaks from machinery application of the standard and and vehicle operations or associated with specific mitigation measures inadequate management of hazardous presented in this chapter, the products and wastes overall residual cumulative  Contamination risk through excavation impact should remain moderate site exposing groundwater to minor.  Groundwater extraction for construction and operation requirements 2 Soils Affecting soil stability in steep areas during land With the application of the clearing, soil movements which could generate standard measures presented in or accentuate existing erosion. this section overall cumulative effect would be no greater than moderate. 3 Terrestrial Loss of non-critical terrestrial habitat Cumulative effect is anticipated. Habitat through development of the project within However, considering the the existing right-of way and existing level of degradation of implementation of temporary construction terrestrial habitat, the overall facilities and new borrow pits; residual cumulative impact  Potential spread of invasive species and should be minor. alteration of local conditions that will alter vegetation composition; 4 Terrestrial  Habitat degradation or modification through Cumulative effect is anticipated. Fauna construction work. However, considering the  With the mitigation measures, the magnitude existing level of degradation of of the residual impacts was identified as terrestrial habitat, the overall minor. residual cumulative impact should be minor. 5 Community Past, present and future projects may The application of mitigation Relations contribute to perpetuating women economic measures outlined in this and Social dependency, increase gender-based violence, section 8.4.3 should ensure that Justice heighten the number of single mothers, most residual cumulative increase the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and STIs, impacts on gender, and and cause or exacerbate land use and community relations remain of compensation disputes. In addition, they may moderate magnitude. trigger community tensions and conflict. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 10 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.7 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS PRE-COMMISSIONING OF THE WTP A summary of the statutory requirements that Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) will confirm priori to pre-commissioning of Project Components are listed in Table E.7 below. Table E.7: Statutory Requirements Prior to Pre-commissioning of the Project Components ACTIVITY REQUIREMENT CONFORMITY MEASURE Registration of the Water OSHA 2007 requires that any workplace Register the Proposed Mwache Treatment Plant as a Workplace with more than 7 employees should be Water Treatment Plant as with DOSHS registered as a workplace Workplace with DOSHS Duties Of Occupiers (Legal  Risk Assessment Undertake Risk Assessment, Safety Requirements)  Safety and Health Audit and Health Audit and Fire Safety  Fire Safety Audit Audit for Mwache Water  Initial Environment Audit Treatment Plant. Management of Polices required Policies Required: Prepare Safety & Health Policy, Fire at the Water Works  Safety & Health Policy Safety Policy and Environment  Fire Safety Policy Policy Mwache Water Treatment  Environment Policy Plant. Water Works Personnel Trainings Training required: Establish of Health and Safety Required  Statutory: Fire marshal training Committee for Mwache Water Treatment Plant and train them on; Training required:  Statutory Fire marshal  Statutory: First Aid Training training Training required:  Statutory First Aid Training  Statutory: Safety and Health  Statutory Safety and Health Committee Committee training on Occupational Health and Safety (OSH)  Regular provision of personnel at the T/Works with Appropriate (PPEs) ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 11 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.8: ESMP DURING OPERATION OF THE WTP A summary of statutory Environment and Social Impacts and Mitigation at Project Operation Phase is given in Table E.8 below. Table E.8: Environment and Social Impacts and Mitigation at Project Operation Phase ACTIVITY FIELDS REQUIREMENT RELEVANT ACT (CLAUSES ) Approval, CWWDA should apply and renew water Abstraction Water Rules 2007: Part II - Approval, Authorization and permit for Mwache Water Treatment Plant from Authorization and Permits Permits WRA, activities under in are listed under the Sixth Schedule of the Rules. Control of Management of Reagents Water Rules 2007: Part V Water Pollution and For Mwache Water Treatment Plant, the design Quality Monitoring and Effluent Water Quality provides well ventilated and proper lighting chemical Discharge Requirements storage house. Further, personnel handling the reagents will be provided with appropriate PPEs such as gloves, nose masks and googles to protect them from the chemical. Also, procurement of reagent will be done in batches with enough doses to eliminate the risk of some of the reagent expiring therefore requiring disposal. Management of Sludge The design provides for sludge drying beds, the beds provided allow for sludge dewatering and allow for easy handling and evacuation, options prided include, Disposal to a sanitary landfill or collected by entities manufacturing fertilizers. Water Use Charges A master meter has been installed at the raw water PART VIII – Water Use Charges inlet chamber to measure the water abstraction volume for the purpose of calculating amount due for payment of water services to Water Resources Authority (WRA) Conservation of The Water Rules 2007, Part (ix) on Conservation of PART IX - Conservation of Riparian Riparian Riparian and Catchment Areas regulation 120. (1) and Catchment Areas provides that for the purposes of conserving the catchments and riparian areas, the authority may by order or state as a condition on an authorization or permit, require a person to prepare and conform to a Soil and Water Conservation Plan (SWCP). In compliance with this regulation, a forestation program in liaison with Kenya Forest Services (KFS) will be initiated within the WTP and dam peripheries. Plant Operator will upscale this initiative after commissioning of the Plant. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 12 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.7 CONCLUSION A summary of ESIA Addendum conclusion is presented below.  The Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation through the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilience Project (KWSCRP) (2016) commissioned an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of Mwache Dam and the Lower Check dam.  Further an Environment License (NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204) was obtained on 18th September 2018 with a validly of 24 months from date of issuance.  CWWDA has secured funds from AFD towards the cost of constructing Proposed Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) designed to have an output of 186,000 m3/d. The Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 secured for Mwache Dam did not include the proposed Mwache WTP and associated components.  CWWDA has therefore instructed us to prepare and Addendum to the ESIA that was done for proposed Mwache Dam and further apply for variation of Environment License to include the WTP and associated Components.  The addendum discusses the environment and social impacts related to the proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and associated components.  Therefore, this addendum will be used to apply for variation of Mwache Dam Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 to include additional scope of the WTP and extend license validity for an additional 24 months.  The proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is located within Kasemeni Location of Kinango Sub- County in Kwale County. The site is located within Land already acquired under Mwache Dam at GPS Coordinates -3.9703460 and 39.5080290. The Land has been acquired under ongoing Mwache Dam Resettlement Program undertaken by National Lands Commission (NLC) on behalf of Project Management Unit (PMU) of the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilient Project (KWSCRP)  This implies that Land Acquisition as an impact will not be triggered by proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP)  Through government resettlement program under Mache Dam Project, all Project Affected Persons (PAPs) have been relocated from the site, this implies that no direct socio economic negative impacts will be triggered to community as a result of construction of the WTP. However, indirect and cumulative impacts to villages outside the WTP site will be triggered as discussed in Chapter 5 of this addendum, such villages include; Mwatate, Mataa, Gandini, Mwavumbo, Fulugani and Mazeras  The addendum has discussed WTP construction impacts on Physical Resources and Receptors including, impacts on water resources, Impacts on Soil Resources, Impacts on Air Quality, Impacts related to noise and excessive vibrations. Further the addendum has discussed impacts on biological resources including fauna and Flora and finally discussed impacts on health and safety to workers and community members including; SEA/SH, GBV and spread of communicable diseases such as HIV and Covid 19.  At operation phase the addendum has discussed pre-commissioning statutory requirements to be complied with by CWWDA including; Approval, Authorization and Permits by WRA, need for Control of Pollution and Water Quality Requirements, Water Use Charges and Conservation of Riparian, Registration of the Water Treatment Plant site as a Workplace with DOSHS, Duties Of Occupiers (Legal Requirements), Management of Polices required at the Water Works and Water Works Personnel Trainings Required  Finally, operation impacts and mitigation measures have been discussed in relation to Management of Backwash Water, Reagents and Sludge from the WTP, management of and domestic sewerage, Erosion Control at Washouts, fencing of the WTP, maintaining Aesthetic and Hygiene and commissioning Afforestation Program. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 13 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA E.8 PROVISIONS The ESIA addendum makes below listed provisions.  The Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP) prepared under this ESIA assessment provides a budget of Kenya Shillings Six Million, Nine Hundred and Fifty Thousand (Kshs 6,950,000.00 for mitigation of environment and social impacts identified in this Report. The Bid Documents to be prepared for the project should incorporate the Environment, Social provisions discussed under Chapter 8 (Environment and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures).  The Project Contract Document should include provisions for the Contractor to prepare and implement the Construction Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-EMSP). Annexes to the C- EMSP will include but not limited to: Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan, Dust Management Plan, Health, Hygiene and Safety Plan, Labour Management Plan, Child Protection Strategy, Gender-based Violence Action Plan, Waste Management Plan, Contractors Code of Conduct, Gender Inclusivity Strategy , HIV/AIDS Prevention Strategy. The contractors will be required to engage services of a qualified Environment, Health and Safety Officer and a Social Safeguards Officer at the time of Project implementation.  At Project implementation stage, the contractor will prepare periodic Environmental and Social Implementation Reports to be approved by the supervising engineer. The reports will provide status of implementation of risks & impacts management measures to date from the project start to the end of the reporting period. From an occupational Health and Safety approach, the Contractor will undertake the following; OSH risk assessment, Registration of workplaces, Safety and Health (OSH) Audit, Fitness to work assessment of employees, Training of all workers or workers’ representatives in basic Occupational Safety and Health, Accident and incident reporting, Compensation of injured workers who die or get injured and disabled and Examination of Safety Plants and Equipment.  At Project completion stage, within the Defects Liability Period, Coast Water Works Development Agency (CCWDA) will initiate an Initial Environment and Social Audit for the Project as required by EIA/EA Audit Regulations of the year 2003 and subsequent annual self-audits. The Audit will develop an Environment and Social Audit Action Plan (ESAAP) that will be used to track Project Environment and Social Compliance during Project implementation stage. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 14 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA MAIN REPORT ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. GENERAL Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, after Nairobi, which is the Capital City of Kenya. Based on the 2019 Population Census, Mombasa had a population of 1,208,000 people. The city acts as a major gateway to the Country and the larger Eastern African region, hosting a major port and an International Airport. Mombasa is also a major tourist hub, key to the coastal tourism industry. The Mwache Dam Water Supply Project entails the following components:  An 84m RCC dam on the Mwache river, crest length 526.1m  A Raw Water Pumping Station, Raw Water Pumping Main, Water Treatment Plant (WTP) with a clear water tank and associated facilities within the vicinity of the Dam with a proposed production capacity of 186,000 m3/d  Four Terminal Reservoirs; one for each of the target supply areas (NML, WML, SML and Island); namely - Nguu Tatu terminal reservoir, proposed within the existing Nguu Tatu Reservoir Site, serving the North Mainland - Changamwe Reservoir, proposed at the existing Changamwe Reservoir Site, serving Mombasa Island - Dongo Kundu Reservoir, proposed to be constructed within Dongo Kundu area in Mtongwe, serving the South Mainland - West Mainland reservoir, proposed to be located at a100 masl site within the West Mainland, to serve the West Mainland area  A system of Treated Water Transmission Pipelines, transmitting treated water from the Mwache WTP to the proposed Reservoirs, including Trunk Main, Transmission Main to Dongo Kundu Reservoir in South Mainland, Transmission to Nguu Tatu Reservoirs in the North mainland and Transmission Main to the West Mainland service area and Changamwe Reservoirs.  Sanitation for SML  Capacity building for Mombasa Water Supply and Sanitation Company (MOWASSCO) A Location Plan of the proposed components of the Mwache Dam Water Supply System is shown in Figure 1- 1 on Page 2. CWWDA and MWS&I have secured funds from the Word Bank (WB) and from the Agence Francaise de Développement (AFD), for financing implementation of the various component of the Mwache Dam Water Supply Project. The WB component will finance the Dam and possibly part of the Trunk Main, West Mainland Reservoir as well as Nguu Tatu and Changamwe transmission pipelines and their corresponding reservoirs. The AFD component will finance the WTP & associated facilities, a section of the trunk main up to the Dongo Kundu Pipeline Offtake, the transmission pipeline to Dongo Lundu and the Dongo Kundu reservoir. A Schematic Diagram showing the proposed project components of the Mwache Dam Water Supply System and their respective financing agencies is given in Figure 1-2 on Page 3. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 1 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 1-1: A Location Plan of the Proposed Components of the Mwache Dam Water Supply System ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 2 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 1-2: Components of the Mwache Dam Project and respective Financing Agencies Source: AFD Mission Aide-Memoire, June 2021 Although the construction of part of the trunk main and the North Mainland and West Mainland Water Transmission Pipelines and their corresponding reservoirs is likely to be financed by the WB, their Design and Construction Supervision is included in the Mwache Transmission Lines Consultancy Contract funded by the AFD. The overall Mwache Dam Project as planned by Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) also includes a Water Distribution component, to be financed by both the WB and the AFD. This component will ensure that water produced under the Mwache Dam Project will reach the end consumers within Mombasa County and partially in Kwale County. The Dam Construction Contract was signed on 14th August 2019 between the Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation (MWSI) Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilience Project (KWSCRP) and the successful bidder. Pre-construction activities are in progress. The RAP implementation is ongoing, at advanced stages. Preparations to commence construction works are ongoing. 1.2. ENVIRONMENT LICENSE VARIATION The Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation through the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilience Project (KWSCRP) (2016) commissioned an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the Dam and the Lower Check dam, and an Environmental Impact Assessment License (NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204) was issued by NEMA on 18th September 2018 with a validly of 24 months from date of issuance. This Report presents an Addendum to the ESIA prepared for Mwache Dam and Lower Check Dam. The addendum seeks to include the proposed Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and associated Components. The Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation as outlined under the Gazette Notice No. 56 of 2003 provides for variation of Environmental Impact Assessment Licenses to include additional scope of works or to renew expired Licenses. Clause 25. (1) Provides that where a proponent wishes to vary the terms and conditions on which an Environmental Impact Assessment License has been issued, the holder of the License has to apply for a Variation in Form 9 set out in the First Schedule of the EIA Regulations 2003. Therefore, this addendum will be used to apply for variation of Mwache Dam Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 to include additional scope of the WTP and extend license validity for an additional 24 months. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 3 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 WATER DEMAND AND CAPACITY OF THE WTP 2.1.1 Water Demand Analysis and updating of the projected water demand for Mombasa city has been carried out under the “Mwache Water Transmission Pipelines and Terminal Reservoirs” contract and presented in the Design Criteria report under that contract. The summary of the results of this update are presented here below: Table 2.1: Adopted Water Demand and the Proposed Re-Allocation of Water Supply for Mombasa City SUPPLY AREA UNIT MOMBASA SOUTH NORTH TOTAL WEST MAINLAND ISLAND MAINLAND MAINLAND Updated demand, m3/day 82,675 38,974 67,921 127,965 317,535 Year 2035 Mwache Dam/ Mwache Dam/ Source of Water Mwache Dam Mwache Dam Mzima Springs Baricho Wellfields West ML Tank / Changamwe Dongo Kundu Terminal Reservoir Nguu Tatu Tanks Mazeras Tanks Tanks Tank Supply from Mwache m3/day 31,176 38,974 67,921 43,929 182,000 Requirements Supply from Mwache m3/day 31,200 39,000 67,900 43,900 182,000 Design basis Supply from Mzima m3/day 51,499 - - - 51,499 Supply from Baricho m3/day - - - 84,036 84,036 Total Daily Supply m3/day 82,675 38,974 67,921 127,965 317,535 *Note: Proposed Water Supply component to the South Coast (Kwale County) from the Mwache Dam (4,000 m3/d according to Kwale Water Supply Master Plan, EGIS, 2018) has been excluded from the above table. 2.1.2 Capacity of Project Components The Table below present the design capacity of the different project component under the Mwache WTP: Table 2.2: Capacity of Project Component PROJECT COMPONENT UNIT CAPACITY Design Output production m3/day 186,000 Year WTP 2035 Production losses (backwashing requirements): 5% m3/day 9,300 Input supply capacity m3/day 195,300 Storage Tank 2035 Storage capacity m3 15,000 Raw Water Design Capacity (excluding the component for m3/d 195,300 Intake irrigation and environmental flows) Pumping Design Capacity m3/hr 8,900 Stations ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 4 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2.2 RAW WATER PUMPING STATION (RWPS) The RWPS will be located along Mwache river, downstream of the proposed Mwache Dam (approx. 0.5Km) as illustrated in Figure 2-1 below. Figure 2-1: Location of Proposed Site for Raw Water Pumping Station The scope of works for the Mwache WTP Contract commences at the pumping station inlet. The Dam Contractor shall construct the raw water gravity main from the Dam to the boundary of the site of the Raw Water Pumping Station (RWPS) and shall install a blank flange at the pipeline end. The proposed arrangement for the raw water abstraction, pumping system to Mwache WTP including the limitation of scope for each of the adjoining Contracts is illustrated in the Figure 2-2. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 5 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA MWACHE DAM WTP CONTRACT T. LINES CONTRACT CONTRACT Inlet : 131m Full Supply Level 93.5 m MWACHE WTP 83.0 m Raw Water Gravity Main 68.0 m (DN 1600, Length = 0.5 km) 53.0 m Min. Operating Level 47.0 m 43.9 m P Elev. 41.0m MWACHE PUMPING DAM STATION Figure 2-2: Mwache Dam Raw Water Abstraction and Pumping System The design of the RWPS shall be finalised by the Contractor. Based on Preliminary designs prepared in the current consultancy assignment, the RWPS design parameters are summarized as follows: Discharge: The design capacity is 8900 m3/h. To meet the variable raw water needs of the WTP, the RWPS must also be able to supply 25%, 50% and 75% of the full capacity. Total Dynamic Head Varies: (TDH):  From the minimum TDH (frequent): 44 m  To the maximum TDH (exceptional): 90 m Number of Pumps: Six (6) pumps each of 2,225 m3/h, the maximum discharge of 8,900 m3/h being provided by four pumps and the minimum discharge of 2,225 m3/h by one pump. Type of Pumps: Single Stage - Axially Horizontal Split Case - Double Suction Pumps with a double Volute Casing. Pump operation: To use variable speed drives Pumping set efficiency:  Pump: 80% minimum  Motor: IE3 class Footprint requirements: 100m wide by 120m length Other facilities to be  Transformer Area  Store provided:  Plant Manager Office  Car parking area  Operators’ office  Washroom facilities & changing rooms  Kitchenette  Guard house ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 6 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2.3 RAW WATER PUMPING MAIN (RWPM) The raw water pumping main route will majorly be along an access road which will be constructed by the Dam Contractor. The distance from the RWPS to the WTP is short (approximately 1.7Km) and there is nothing strategic in the selection of the pipeline alignment. The final alignment will be determined by the Contractor. The tentative alignment of the Raw Water Pipeline is given in Figure 2-3. Hydraulic design of the RWPM shall be finalised by the Contractor. Based on Preliminary designs prepared in the current consultancy assignment, the RWPM design parameters are summarized as follows:  Discharge - 2.50 m3/s  Number of Pipelines - two (twin) – 2 x 1100 mm  Pipe material - Steel or Ductile Iron  Design Equation - Colebrook-White  Roughness coefficient - 0.5 mm  Max. Velocity - 1.5m/s ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 7 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 2-3: Proposed Alignment of Raw Water Pumping Main ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 8 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2.4 WATER TREATMENT PLANT 2.4.1 Design Data Capacity design of the WTP is as follows:  Outlet capacity (total production): 186,000 m3/day  Inlet capacity (Raw water inflow): 195,000 m3/day As a safe design, water production will be designed on 22 hours of operation which is an equivalent of an hourly flow of raw water of 8,877 m3/h rounded to 8,900 m3/h. The plant will be designed with 4 treatment lines. Each line will thus have a capacity of 2,225 m 3/h. The table below summarizes the raw water quality and treated water quality inputs for WTP design: Table 2.3: Final Proposed Water Quality Design Input Values PROPOSED PROPOSED RAW TREATED PARAMETER UNIT WATER QUALITY WATER VALUES QUALITY VALUES Colour True Color Units 10 ≤15 Acceptable to Taste and odour - users Suspended matter 15 Nil Oil & Grease mg/L 7 - Physico-chemical limits 30 average Turbidity NTU 0,5 100 peak Conductivity µS/cm 1500 1500 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l 750 <500 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 35 - Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 400 500 Salinity mg/l 600 - Dissolved oxygen mg/l 6 - Aluminium (Al) mg/l - 0,1 Chloride (Cl) mg/l 250 250 Copper (Cu) mg/l - 0,1 Iron (Fe) mg/l 1,5 0,3 Manganese (Mn) mg/l 0,05 <.0.05 Sodium (Na) mg/l - 200 Sulphate (SO4) mg/l 40 <250 Zinc (Zn) mg/l - 5 pH 6,5 – 8,4 6,5 – 8,5 Magnesium (Mg) mg/l 50 100 Chlorine mg/l 0 0,2 – 0,5 Calcium (Ca) mg/l 90 250 Ammonia (N) mg/l 1 0,5 Phosphate (P) mg/l 0,11 - Fluoride (F) mg/l - 1,5 Arsenic (As) mg/l - 0,01 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 9 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA PROPOSED PROPOSED RAW TREATED PARAMETER UNIT WATER QUALITY WATER VALUES QUALITY VALUES Cadmium (Cd) mg/l - 0,003 Lead (Pb) mg/l - 0,01 Mercury (Total Hg) mg/l - 0,001 Selenium (Se) mg/l - 0,01 Chromium (Cr) mg/l - 0,05 Cyanide (CN) mg/l - 0,01 Phenolic substances mg/l - 0,002 Barium (Ba) mg/l - 1,3 Nitrates (NO3) mg/l 2 10 Limits for organic constituents Organic Matter by KMnO4 mg/l 15 - Chl-a mg/l 650 - Benzene µg/l - 10 Chlorophenols µg/l - 10 Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons µg/l - 0,01 Trihalomethanes Chloroform µg/l - 300 Limits for radioactive materials Gross alpha activity Bq/l - 0,1 Gross beta activity Bq/l - 1 Microbiological limits Total Viable counts at 37°C MPN/ml 2000 100 Coliform MPN/250 ml 1000 Nil E.Coli MPN/250 ml 1000 Nil Staphylococcus aureus MPN/250 ml Nil Sulphite reducing anaerobes MPN/50 ml Nil Pseudomonas aeruginosa fluorescence MPN/250 ml Nil Streptococuus faecalis MPN/250 ml Nil Shigella MPN/250 ml Nil Salmonella MPN/250 ml Nil ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 10 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2.4.2 Water Treatment Line Figure 2-4 below summarizes the recommended waterline for Mwache WTP Project Out of scope Coarse screening Pumping station MWACHE DAM 8 900 m3/h Coagulation: Acidification: Fine Screening: Reagent : Aluminium Flocculation: Clarification: Reagent : Sulfuric acid Mesh 0,5 – 1 mm sulphate Contact time : 20 min Flotation 15 m/h Contact time : 2 min Contact time : 2 min Calco-carbonic balance: Disinfection: Disinfection: Sand filtration: Reagent : Lime Calcium hypochlorite UV disinfection Surface load : 6 m3/m2/h Contact time : 10 min DRINKING WATER RESERVOIR Figure 2-4: Water Treatment Line The proposed water treatment process is briefly discussed as follows: Table 2.4: Selected Water Treatment Process Units PROCESS UNIT FUNCTION Pumping station to raise water from Dam to WTP Fine screening to remove small particles before clarification to adjust pH prior to clarification in order to improve its Acidification with sulfuric acid efficiency Chlorine (shock chlorination) Only for intermittent use Coagulant aid: Gather solidly between the particles that can be Flocculation with polymer eliminated by the clarifier Eliminate by flotation flocs formed by the flocculation and Flotation produce a clarified water whose turbidity is lower to 5 NTU Rapid Sand Filtration It will reduce the residual turbidity below 0.5 NTU. Elimination of the pathogen germs and cysts (Giardia and UV disinfection cryptosporidium) Correct the pH of water distributed. Slightly over the saturation Calco-carbonic balance - Soda pH it provides a protective layer on networks and facilities The residual chlorine content in the treated water will keep a Final chlorination: permanent disinfecting agent in the distribution network. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 11 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 2.4.3 Sludge Line Figure 2-5 below summarizes the proposed sludge line for Mwache WTP . Backwash water free of sludge Water from Sand filtration backwash overflow Suldge thickening: MWACHE DAM Sludge from Flotation Drying beds Waste form Fine Sludge disposal Screening Figure 2-5: Sludge Treatment Line 2.4.4 Water Discharge Artelia/MIBP recommends designing the discharge for return into the Mwache Dam for by-pass and treated backwash water. This discharge pipe should then allow for the total Water Treatment plant design flow: 195,000 m3/d and 8 900 m3/h. 2.4.5 Preliminary Layout of the Water Treatment Plant The final layout of the Mwache WTP will be finalised by the Contractor in compliance with the Employer’s requirements. The tentative general and site layout plans are given in Figure 2-6 and Figure 2-7. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 12 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 2-6: General Layout Plan for Mwache WTP ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 13 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 2-7: Water Treatment Plant Site Layout Plan ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 14 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA 2.5 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES An ESIA should identify and assesses alternatives to the proposed project. Only the best alternative should be selected based on less negative impacts and cost-benefit analysis. An important alternative to be analysed is the “no project” alterative. This is a very important analysis because it helps the proponents measure the impacts from the project against those which would have taken place without the project. Mwache WTP will abstracts raw water from the proposed Mwache Dam, which is currently under implementation as a separate Contract, for treatment and subsequent transmission to the targeted service areas in Mombasa and Kwale Counties. Therefore, the proposed Dam, WTP and Transmission mains are interdependent and form the Mwache Dam Water Supply Scheme. 2.5.1 No Project Alternative The ‘No Project Alternative’ alternative in respect to the proposed project implies that the status quo is maintained i.e. the Mwache Dam Water Supply Scheme/Project is not implemented. Without the Project, the environmental situation will neither improve, nor can it necessarily deteriorate. Development of the project on the other hand will ensure that an additional 186 million litres of potable water is supplied daily to the residents of Mombasa and Kwale Counties. Accepting the no-project option will however mean that the targeted populations will continue to suffer from inadequate and unreliable water supply. This also means that the local communities will potentially miss out on development opportunities that the Project could bring including access to water and economic opportunities through project construction and operation including employment and small business opportunities. From an environmental and socio-economic perspective, the ‘No Project Alternative’ is not a suitable alternative for the affected community and Kenya as a whole. 2.5.2 Site Location Alternative The main design constraint in location a suitable site for the proposed Mwache WTP is the elevation of the clear water tank. A review of the elevations for the target supply areas and corresponding terminal reservoir inlet levels as well as the optimum transmission pipeline routes ascertained that a minimum level of 115 masl is required for the most economical pipeline lengths and diameters for gravity transmission. A clear water tank minimum outlet level of 115 masl is also required for gravity flow to the New West Mainland Reservoir. The adjusted location of the clear water tank with the outlet level of 115m has a significant advantage on hydraulics, pipeline size and length, notwithstanding the fact that the site is within the dam operation area which reduces the risk of delayed commencement due to delay in acquisition of the WTP site and duplication of cost for acquiring an alternative site. The revised site will also utilize the available head in the dam, hence optimization of pumping costs”. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 15 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA Two probable sites were identified for the WTP as follows:  Upper site: locate the clear water tank and the water treatment works on the Upper site which is marked in red (refer to figure 12). The raw water will be pumped directly to water treatment plant and the treated water will be gravitated and stored in the clear water tank.  Lower site: locate the water treatment plant on the lower site which is marked in green (refer to figure 13), and the clear water tank on the Red site (Upper site). The raw water will be pumped to the water treatment plant and then the treated water will be pumped to the clear water tank on the Red site. The main disadvantage of this solution is the installation of 2 pumping stations (double pumping). Figure 2-8: Alternative Location for Mwache Water Treatment Plant The upper site (marked in red) is narrower and relatively on a steep terrain compared to the lower site (marked in green). The upper site is adequate for the proposed WTP units and was therefore adopted. 2.5.3 Proposed Development Alternative Under the proposed Mwache WTP project alternative, the proponent would be issued with a variation to the Mwache Dam and Lower Check Dam NEMA license to include the additional scope of the WTP and associated components. In issuing this variation to the license, NEMA would approve the proponent’s propose Project, providing all environmental conditions to be complied with during construction, operation and decommissioning phases. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 16 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA 2.6 COST ESTIMATES 2.6.1 Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Capital cost estimates for the water treatment plant and associated components are summarized in the Table 2.5 below. Table 2.5: CAPEX Summary COMPONENTS DETAILED DESCRIPTION ESTIMATES 2021 (EURO) Raw water pumping station 7 660 000 € Raw water pumping main 3 014 000 € Water Treatment Plant 43 280 200 € Treated water main & clear water tank 4 185 100 € Provisional sums 9 517 185 € TOTAL in Euro 67 656 485 € TOTAL in Kshs (Exchange Rate of Kshs 135) KES 9,133,625,475 2.6.2 Operational Expenditure (OPEX) Table 2.6 below summarizes the estimated operational costs for the water treatment plant and associated components. Table 2.6: OPEX Summary ANNUAL ANNUAL OPERATING OPERATING ITEMS COST COST KSHS/YEAR €/YEAR 424 798 3 293 008 € Energy 025 KES 325 646 2 524 390 € Chemicals 336 KES Sludge 3 224 993 25 000 € disposal KES 26 220 000 235 814 € Staff KES 58 660 728 454 734 € Maintenance KES 166 735 1 292 526 € Renewal 798 KES 1 005 285 7 825 472 € TOTAL 880 KES ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 17 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA 2.7 SUMMARY OF SCOPE OF WORK – EMPLOYER’S REQUIREMENTS The scope of works under the WTP Contract includes but not limited to the following :  Design and additional studies  Execution of additional studies (geophysical investigations, soil studies, assessment of structures, plans defined by the ESIA, water analyses, etc.) that Contractor considers necessary  Additional topographical survey  Geotechnical survey  Preparation of a design report of the installations answering the program fixed by the Employer’s Requirements.  Documents forming the application for building permit (English language), including the architect's drawings and layouts, and in particular the landscaping aspects, so that the Employer has only to file this application to the concerned authorities.  The preparation of guide drawings, working design drawings for the civil engineering structures, reinforced concrete drawings and calculation notes, drawings and calculation notes for the roads and utilities networks, drawings and diagrams of equipment, erection and dismantling drawings, in compliance with the detailed design accepted by the Employer.  Implementation: Works to be carried out by the Contractor include but are not limited to the following:  Adopting mitigating measures provided in the ESIA and ESMP. In addition, if need be, these documents (ESIA and ESMP) should be updated and/or preparation of renewal plan.  Preparation and adopting different management plans, such as: Site Specific Waste Management Plan, Site Specific Dust Management Plan, Site Specific Surface Water Management Plan, Site Specific Excavated Material Management Plan, Site Specific Biodiversity Management Plan, Site Specific Traffic Management Plan, Site Specific Health and Safety Management Plan, Community Health and Safety Plan  Installation of the site and preparatory works, connection to telecoms, water, electricity and other networks.  Implementation of civil works in accordance with the accepted detailed design, including in particular: – preliminary drillings and investigations for the existing facilities and networks, if necessary, – earthworks and final backfilling, drainage (including removal and storage of materials and earth), – special foundations, if necessary – All shell construction (concrete, reinforced concrete, masonry, framework, roofing, sealing, cladding, etc.), – all finishing and fitting works for the plant, – fences, roads and utilities networks, – demolition of existing structures to be removed, if any, including pipes and the reuse or removal and dumping of the corresponding materials in locations authorized by local legislation, and levelling of the land thus freed, – Connection of the new installations with existing structures (pipes).  Implementation of the treatment process in conformity with process flow diagram including: – Pumping station – Fine screening – Acidification tank – Clarification tanks – Sand filtration ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 18 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA – Disinfection – Reservoirs – Associated pipes and connections – And all other treatment required to achieve performances specifications  Implementation of the "electricity and electromechanical and hydromechanical equipment" section in conformity with the performances specifications and technical specifications, including the supply, testing and transportation on site of all necessary materials and equipment and their implementation or erection and adjustment, namely: – hydraulic, mechanical and electrical treatment equipment, including driving equipment and control, monitoring, measurement, protection and safety devices – Miscellaneous equipment required for the proper operation and maintenance of the installations, (lighting, heating, telephone, etc.), – the remote surveillance system, if any  The commissioning of the installation and performance of the tests defined in the Employer’s requirements.  The provision of maintenance and operating manuals and as-built drawings of the structures and networks including cadastral measuring/planning drawings in UTM coordinate systems to deliver them to National Agency of Public Registry for registration.  All other necessary works required to complete the construction of the Water Treatment Plant (WTP).  Training in Environment Health and Safety (EHS) and operation and maintenance of the WTP  Operation and Maintenance  The CWWDA shall be in charge of the operation of the new treatment plant for 2 years with a possibility of 1 year extension and thereafter hand over operation and maintenance of the WTP to MOWASCO ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 19 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE AM ESIA 3. BASELINE INFORMATION FOR WTP SITE 3.1 LOCATION AND LAND OWNERSHIP The proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is located within Kasemeni Location of Kinango Sub-County in Kwale County. The site is located within Land acquired under Mwache Dam at GPS Coordinates -3.9703460 and 39.5080290 as indicated in Figure 3-1. Land ownership of the proposed site for WTP has been acquired by the government under the ongoing land acquisition by National Lands Commission (NLC) on behalf of Ministry of Water and Sanitation. This implies that Land Acquisition as an impact will not be triggered. Also, through government resettlement program under Mache Dam Project, all Project Affected Persons (PAPs) have been relocated from the site, this implies that no direct socio-economic negative impacts of displacement will be triggered to community as a result of construction of the WTP. However, indirect and cumulative impacts to villages outside the WTP site will be triggered as discussed in Chapter 5 of this addendum, such villages include; Mwatate, Mataa, Gandini, Mwavumbo, Fulugani and Mazeras. Figure 3-1: Map of Kinango Sub County (Project is sited in Kasemeni Ward) Photograph illustrating an overview of proposed site for the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 20 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Figure 3-2: Layout Plan of proposed Raw Water Pumping Main Alignment Options and WTP Location ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 21 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS The annual minimum temperatures in the area (Kasemeni Location) range between 22.5˚C and 24.5˚C while the maximum temperatures vary between 27˚C and 32˚C alon g the coastal belt. The Location is generally hot and humid all the year round, with a relative humidity of about 60% along the coastal belt due to the high evaporation rate and availability of surface water. The precipitation is highest in the months of April and May while no or little precipitation occurs from December to March. Annual Average precipitation is about 900mm against an average1,860mm evapo- transpiration in the region, with 75% Dependable Annual rainfall equivalent to 610 mm. Evaporation rates recorded at the Moi International Airport in Mombasa provide the appropriate parameter to describe evaporation variation in the project area. The results indicate that the mean daily evaporation rates vary from 3.5 mm in July to 6.3 mm in February. The Relative humidity data shows the Coastal nature of climate. Relative humidity varies between 70% - 75% from January to March and 65% – 67% from April to December. 3.3 DRAINAGE AND HYDROLOGY The drainage of Kasemeni within Kinango Sub County of Kwale County where the WTP is located is influenced by the ocean, which determines the easterly surface slope. While there are no permanent rivers and streams, the main river is the Mwache River which collects surface runoff discharging from numerous drains from the immediate catchment and watershed resulting into soil erosion that has left notable gullies, especially on steep sloppy areas. Additionally, apart from some sections of the larger riverbeds that tend to retain water after floods, there are no possibilities of flooding around the project areas. This implies a well-drained area in both surface as well as the largely porous geological formations. Mwache River is the main water body (though it is seasonal by nature) in the project area with its source in the Taita hills. The main tributaries (also seasonal) discharging into the river include Bome river from the south immediately downstream of the proposed dam axis lines and Mnyenzeni river also from the southwest immediately upstream of the dam axis. There are also numerous dry surface drains into Mwache River that seemingly flows with water only during rainy seasons. The general water quality could be summarized as indicated in Table 3.1. Table 3.1: Water Quality Parameters PARAMETER DESCRIPTION pH Water generally neutral in river and the creek (6.0 –9.0) Colour Surface water is highly coloured compared to ground water (<25mgPt/l) Electrical Conductivity Ground water and creek brackish (<2,000mg/l) Turbidity Surface water is highly turbid compared to ground water (<5NTU) Dissolved Oxygen Surface water and ground water is fresh (>5mg/l) Total Dissolved Solids Ground water and creek saline. Mwache pools are fresh (<1,500mg/l) Suspended Solids High suspended matter clear due to settlements) <30mg/l ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 22 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Photograph Illustrating Dry River Bed for a Tributary of Mwache River near the Proposed Site of WTP 3.4 GEOLOGY AND SOILS The soils type at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is sandy clayey gravel at depths of 2 – 2.5m deep. The soil types have a strong correlation with the geology and topography of the region and differ widely in depth, texture, physical and chemical properties with variations running parallel to the coastal line due to sedimentation process. The significance of this geological and soil characteristics is the porosity associated with the sedimentary type of soils. Infiltration to the groundwater aquifers of polluting substances from the ground surface is also highly likely. Kasemeni Locations falls within the Cainozoic rocks that occur on the coastal strip of land bordering Indian Ocean and include stratigraphic units belonging to Pliocene, Pleistocene and Recent periods. These are composed of sands, dune sands, raised coral reef, crags, red wind-blown sands and raised alluvial deposits. Photograph Illustrating Nature of Soils near the Proposed Site of WTP ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 23 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 3.5 TOPOGRAPHY The topography of Kasemeni Location gently rises from Mombasa Island near Indian Ocean coast of Kenya and from EL 0.0m (mean sea level), rising steadily towards Kinango Sub County. The topography of the area is generally characterized by a hilly terrain, with steep slopes along and across the alignment, with numerous seasonal water courses including streams and gulleys, and a seasonal river. At the specific site for the WTP, the topography is given in the range of 131m a.s.l. 3.6 BIODIVERSITY Flora Flora of the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Site is influenced by the Mwache Forest which is adjacent to the site. However, specific site exhibits Arid and Semi-Arid (ASAL) characteristics. In terms of Agro-ecological zone classification, the site is located within Agro Ecological Zones (AEZ) three. Vegetation cover observed include various species of acacia Sp. Acacia ssp, Diospyros ssp, Cynometra-Manilkara type and Euphorbia bushland, other exotic trees include Tamarind tree, Neem tree, Flame Tree. Within the valleys in the either side of the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) ridge riverine plants observed are; reeds, grasses / sedges among others which form part of Mwache Creek Mangroove Vegetation. Specific Mangroove sp include Rhizophora mucronata, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Lumnitzera racemosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis and Heritiera littoralis. R. mucronata, C. tagal and A. marina are the dominant species within forest. The following plant species are domesticated and grown within the Kasemeni Location; Maize (green), Maize, Cow peas, Cassava, Sisal, Water melon, Banana, Sukuma wiki (Kalas), Tomato, Groundnut, Coconut, Cashew nut. (others in local languages Mwawa, Mwanga, Mkanju (Cashew nuts), Mporojo, Kikwata, Mkone, Mnyubu, Mkilifi (neem tree), Mbuyu (Boabab), Mfune, Mchonge Mahana and Mkwakwa among others). However, it is important to note that at the WTP site Project Affected Persons (PAPs) have been resettled by Government and land vested into Kenyan Government. Therefore, socio economic Impacts to the PAPs in relation to loss of agricultural Land has been fully addressed by the government through compensation Photograph Illustrating Vegetation Cover at the Proposed Site of WTP ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 24 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Fauna Avian population recorded in Mwache forest and adjoining ecosystem like Shimba hills, etc. can be listed as; Southern Banded Snake-eagle Circaetus fasciolatus (Near Threatened); Brown-headed Parrot Poicephalus cryptoxanthus (least concern), Fischer's Turaco Tauraco fischeri (Near Threatened), African Green-tinkerbird Pogoniulus simplex (Least Concern), Mombasa Woodpecker Campethera mombassica (Least Concern), Chestnut-fronted Helmet-shrike Prionops scopifrons (Least Concern), Black-bellied Glossy-starling Lamprotornis corruscus (Least Concern), Spotted Ground-thrush Zoothera guttata (Endangered),Plain-backed Sunbird Anthreptes reichenowi (Near Threatened) Sokoke Pipit Anthus sokokensis (Endangered). An inventory of fish species within Mwache River and seasonal streams along the Water transmission line show that there are 4 common fish species in the main river trunk, 5 prawn species and 1 crab species. These species are distributed in various ecological habitats that include brackish water, riverine and tributaries. The main commercial species are the prawn species. Other species are tilapia, catfish and barbus. The proposed Mwache Dam Reservoir will help establish a vibrant fishery because water temperature ranges are conducive from a minimum of 250 C in the morning to a maximum of 350 C at 3.00 p.m. Mangroves, intertidal mudflats and shallow brackish water creeks are well known feeding and nursery areas not only for fish but also for crustaceans (crabs and prawns) on which many fish species in the coastal area are found. Occasional catches are realized from Rabbit fish (Tafi), Redfin robber (English), Nkwakwa (Pokomo), Milkfish (English), scavengers (Tangu), Mullets (Mkizi), Sardines (Simu), Snappers (Pali). Artisanal fishers use crafts consisting of Dug out (Mtumbwi), Foot fishers, Pointed crafts (Mashua) and Hori with gears such as gillnets, seine nets, hand lines, beach seines, traps and fences. Trawling also takes place in the deep areas (> 5 m) also targeting prawns. The main prawn species targeted are Penaeus indicus, Metapeneaus monoceros, P. semisulcatus, P. monodon and P. japonicas. Images of Redfin robber (English), Nkwakwa (Pokomo), Milkfish (English) found within Mwache creek is presented in the photos below. However, it is important to note that works at the WTP will not directly interact with such identified fauna, this is because the site is bare and does not provide habitat for such listed species. The works also will not involve extensive excavation that might cause significant sedimentation in Mwache Stream nor require extensive clearance of vegetation cover. Hence impacts to fauna and flora is assessed as minor. 3.7 RECEPTORS WITHIN PROJECT AREA The assessment identified relevant social baseline receptors that might be exposed to degradation risks associated with the construction of the proposed water line. The receptors are indicated in Table 3.2. Table 3.2: Environmental Receptors NAME LOCATION GPS CORDINATE Mwache (Bonje) Creek Gandini 0558734, 9555844 Mwache Forest Kasemeni ‘0560398, 9558200 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 25 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 4. POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK At ESIA Stage detailed analysis of the policy, legal and institutional framework governing environmental issues in Kenya for development Projects was discussed with specific focus on Construction of Mwache Dam. This addendum therefore provides additional statutes that are applicable to Water Treatment Plant with specific focus on impacts that might be triggered during WTP operations. Further, Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations is also discussed. 4.1 POLICY AND LEGAL PROVISIONS 4.1.1 Kenya Constitution 2010 Kenyan Constitution 2010 in the preamble recognizes the role of environment in sustaining Kenya’s heritage for the benefit of future generations. The relevant section of the constitution to the WTP is Chapter 5 that discusses Land and Environment. Part 2 of the chapter defines environment and natural resources, obligations in respect of the environment, enforcement of environmental rights, agreements relating to natural resources and legislation relating to the environment. Section 69 explains each and every citizen's obligations in respect of the environment in subsection (1) it states the following. The State shall:  Ensure sustainable exploitation, utilization, management and conservation of the environment and natural resources, and ensure the equitable sharing of the accruing benefits.  Work to achieve and maintain a tree cover of at least ten per cent of the land area of Kenya.  Encourage public participation in the management, protection and conservation of the environment.  Establish systems of environmental impact assessment, environmental audit and monitoring of the environment.  Eliminate processes and activities that are likely to endanger the environment.  Utilize the environment and natural resources for the benefit of the people of Kenya. Part 'iv' is of relevance to these Addendum. Subsection (2) states: Every person has a duty to cooperate with state organs and other persons to protect and conserve the environment and ensure ecologically sustainable development and use of natural resources. 4.1.2 Environment Management and Coordination Act 1999 Cap 386 The Act of parliament that provided for the establishment of a legal and institutional framework for the management of the environment and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto. Just as in the constitution, Part II of EMCA confers to every person the right to a clean and healthy environment and to its judicial enforcement. The Constitution and EMCA therefore obligate Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) to operate in a clean environment and not to contravene the right of any person within its zone of influence to this entitlement. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 26 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA EMCA has provided for the development of several subsidiary legislations and guidelines which govern environmental management and are relevant to the operations of Mwache Water Treatment Plant. In line with EMCA of 1999 and EIA/EA regulations guidelines, NEMA issued a License for the construction of Mwache dam (NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204). Applicable EMCA regulations are listed below;  Legal Notice No 101: The Environmental (Impact Assessment and Audit) Regulations, 2003.  Legal Notice No. 19: Wetlands, River Banks, Lake Shores and Sea Shore Management) Regulations, 2009.  Legal Notice no 120: Water Quality Regulations, 2006.  Legal Notice no 121: Waste Management Regulation 2006. Table 4.1 below analyses provision of the above listed EMCA regulations applicable to the Mwache WTP. Table 4.1: EMCA Regulations Applicable to the Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) NO REGULATION RELEVANCE APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT 1 Legal Notice No. The regulation provides a framework under Coast Water Works Development 101: The which environment audit for the Water Works is Agency (CWWDA) is therefore Environmental prepared. Part V of the Regulations outlines mandated by law to undertake an (Impact requirements for undertaking an environmental environmental audit for Mwache Assessment and audit, projects that should undertake an audit Treatment Plant (WTP) after Audit) (Regulation 31), procedures for environmental Commissioning and submit the reports Regulations, auditing (Regulation 35) details of an to NEMA of its operations as stipulated 2003 environmental audit (Regulation 36) and in these Regulations issuance of improvement orders (Regulation 37). 2 Legal Notice No. The regulation provides that wetland resources in compliance with this regulation, a 19: Wetlands, shall be utilized in a sustainable manner forestation program has been River Banks, compatible with the continued presence of recommended within the WTP area to Lake Shores and wetlands and their hydrological, ecological, social be financed under the Project. This Sea Shore and economic functions and services; and initiative will be aimed at conserving Management) Environmental Impact Assessment and Mwache River as provided by the Regulations, Environmental Audits as required under the Act regulation. Also, a Master Meter will 2009 shall be mandatory for all activities likely to have be installed at the raw water inlet an adverse impact on the wetland. chamber to measure the water abstraction volume required for calculation of payment for water services to Water Resources Authority (WRA) 3 Legal Notice No Regulation 9 of these regulations provides for The regulation provides that the 120 Water water quality monitoring. It states that the operator shall not carry out any activity Quality “Authority in consultation with the relevant lead near rivers, streams and lakes without Regulations, agency, shall maintain water quality monitoring an EIA license in accordance with the 2006 for sources of domestic water at least twice every Environmental (Impact Assessment calendar year and such monitoring records shall and Audit) Regulations, 2003; Abstract be in the prescribed form as set out in the second water from rivers, lakes and streams schedule to the regulations”. The operator, without a valid license from the Water CWWDA shall pay annual statutory fees that will Resource Authority in accordance with be used to by Water resources Authority (WRA) the Water Act, 2016. CWWDA and to undertake water quality monitoring activities WRA will be consulted during the along the Mwache River statutory ESIA review by NEMA prior to approval of any ESIAs for projects within Mwache River ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 27 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA NO REGULATION RELEVANCE APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT 4 Legal Notice No Regulation 4 (1) states that “no person shall In compliance with this regulation, 121 Waste dispose of any waste on a public highway, Mwache Water Treatment Plant has Management street, road, recreational area or in any place included sludge drying beds for both Regulation 2006 except in a designated receptacle”. Regulation 4 disinfection of sludge by use of UV (2) further states that “a waste generator shall before disposal, the sludge shall be collect, segregate and dispose such waste in the disposed in a designated landfill or manner provided for under these regulations”. purchased by fertilizer manufacturing entities 5 Noise and The Contractor will be required to ensure Provisions of the regulations apply Excessive compliance with the above regulations in order during preparation of this addendum. Vibration to promote a healthy and safe working Pollution environment throughout the Construction (Control) Phase. This shall include regular inspection and Regulations, maintenance of equipment and prohibition of 2009 unnecessary hooting by vehicles. The regulations provides for a maximum of 60 dBA during the day and 35 dBA during the night for a construction site. 6 The These regulations provide a framework for Water spray will be used at all times Environmental management of plant and equipment emissions when working in dry areas to avoid Management of hydrocarbons on site. The regulations require risks associated with dust menace. and that all plant and equipment on site should be Particulate matter (PM 10), Coordination well serviced to manufacturers specifications to equipment’s will be operated as (Air Quality avoid air pollution, the regulation also require provided by manufacturers Regulations monitoring of baseline air quality within specification to eliminate cases of 2014) construction site and implementation of Oxides (SOx), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)) correction action where the standards are not and Volatile Organic Compounds complied to. (VOC). 7 Fire Risk The rules require electrical equipment be The contractor will be required to store Reduction Rules, installed in accordance with the respective all flammable materials and liquids 2007 hazardous area classification system, flammable safely to avoid risk of fire. materials are stored in appropriately designed receptacles, electrical equipment is inspected after six months by a competent person and the Proponent is required to keep records of such inspections, installation and maintenance of firefighting systems in workplaces, fire drills at least once a year, assembly points be marked, undertake annual fire safety audits etc. 8 Medical It requires workers on site to undergo regular The contractor will institute and Examination medical examination to identify the symptoms implement regular medical Rules, 2005 of hazardous exposures on the body, especially examinations for its staff at the facility. those who handle food or food products. This is These will include COVID 19 with a sole purpose of monitoring exposure for temperature checkup and drug abuse remedial action. (at least alcohol on daily basis). 9 Safety and These rules require the proponent and The contractor will develop a clearly Health contractor (once they employ a more than defined safety and health policy, bring Committee twenty persons) to establish a committee to it to the notice of all employees at the Rules of 2004 address the health, safety and welfare of workplace. They are also required to workers. The Proponent and by extension the implement and review the policy when contractor, are required to provide space for need arises. meetings for the committee, training of the S&H If construction workers exceed 20, the Committee, appoint a S&H management contractor will facilitate the formation representative, as well as allowing all staff to of a S&H Committee and its attend these meetings with no risk of loss of operations. earnings, opportunities for promotion or advancement. They should also make legislation on occupational safety and health available to the Committee. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 28 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA NO REGULATION RELEVANCE APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT 10 First-Aid Rules, Rule 7 of First-Aid Rules, 1977 require that (No The contractor will conduct first aiders’ 1977 person shall be placed in charge of a first aid training for the first time and a unless he has received adequate training and refresher training Bi- annually. holds a certificate of competence 4.1.3 Water Act 2016 and Applicable Water Rules of 2007 At operation stage for Mwache Water works, applicable legal and policy statutes will be guided by the Water Resources Management Rules of 2007 of the Water Act 2016 as detailed in Table 4.2 below. Table 4.2: Water Resources Management Rules Applicable to the Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) NO REGULATION RELEVANCE APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT 1 Approval, Coast Water Works Development The regulations provides that no water works Authorization Agency (CWWDA) will apply and renew approval, authorization and permit shall be issued and Permits water Abstraction permit for Mwache or renewed for the purposes of supplying water for Treatment Works from Water domestic, public, commercial or industrial use Resources Authority WRA, activities within the limits of supply of a water service under the Project are listed under the provider without the applicant having received Six Schedule of the Water Rules 2007. consent of the licensed water service provider for Water Rules 2007: Part II - Approval, the area. Authorization and Permits 2 Control of Regulation 81 provides that no person Mwache Treatment Works Preliminary Design Pollution and shall discharge or apply any poisonous, Report (PDR) has provided for construction of Water Quality toxic, noxious or obstructing matter, Sludge drying beds to handle sludge disposal. Requirements radioactive waste or other pollutants Further the addendum that ALUM used for or permit any person to dump or coagulation will be procured in enough stocks discharge such matter into any water therefore no wastage and expiry will not be resource unless the discharge of such anticipated. poisonous, toxic, noxious or obstructing matter, radioactive waste Water Rules 2007: Part V Water Quality Monitoring or pollutant is treated to permissible and Effluent Discharge discussed in detail under standards as authorized by the section 5.5.4 and 5.5.5 Authority 3 Easement and Entry upon land section 11 of the CWWDA will apply for the easement permit from Compliance water rules provide that Every WRA during construction of 1.6km raw water with the applicant for authority to enter upon section of the Pipeline and also abstraction from Environmental land belonging to other persons for Mwache River. Management survey or investigative purposes of and water resource management or At operations stage MOWSSACO will regularly Coordination development under section 89 of the inspect the water pipeline corridor for Act Act, shall submit to the Authority the encroachment and maintain the perimeter fence application on the prescribed form - around the WTP including the dam. Form WRMA 017 set out in the Twelfth Schedule. 4 Water Use PART VIII - Water Use Charges A master meter will be installed at the raw water Charges inlet chamber to measure the water abstraction 104.(1) Any person in possession of a volume for the purpose of calculating amount due valid permit or who is required to have for payment of water services to Water Resources a valid permit for water use, shall be Authority (WRA) required to pay to the Authority water use charges on the basis of the water abstracted, diverted, obstructed or used including energy derived from a water resource at the appropriate rate as set out in the First Schedule ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 29 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA NO REGULATION RELEVANCE APPLICABILITY TO THE PROJECT 5 Conservation PART IX - Conservation of Riparian in compliance with this regulation, a forestation of Riparian and Catchment Areas 120.(1) For the program has been recommended within the WTP purposes of conserving the area to be financed under the Project. This initiative catchments and riparian areas, the will be aimed at conserving Mwache River as Authority may by order or state as a provided by the regulation. condition on an Authorization or Permit, require a person to prepare and conform to a Soil and Water Conservation Plan. 4.1.4 Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA) 2007 At operation stage of the Water works, applicable legal and policy statutes will be guided by the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA 2007) and subsequent regulations. Also the Public Health Act (Cap.242) will apply as detailed in Table 4.3 below. Table 4.3: Provisions of OSHA Act 2007 (Applicable at Operation Stage) ACTIVITY REQUIREMENT RELEVANT ACT (CLAUSES ) FIELDS Duties Of Risk Assessment Section 6 (3) of OSHA 2007 Occupiers Every occupier shall carry out appropriate risk Safety and Health Audit (Legal assessments in relation to the safety and health of Requirements) Fire Safety Audit persons employed… Initial Environment Audit Section 11 of OSHA 2007; The occupier of a workplace shall cause thorough safety and health audit of his workplace to be carried out at least once in every period of twelve months by a safety and health advisor Section 36 of Fire risk Reduction Rules; 2007 (1) Every occupier shall cause a fire safety audit of the work place to be taken at least once every Management Policies Required: Section 7(1) (b) of OSHA 2007 of Polices  Safety & Health Policy required at the  Fire Safety Policy It is the duty of occupier to bring the statement and any Water Works  Environment Policy revision of the policy to the notice of all of his employees. Section 7(2) of OSHA 2007 giving implementation obligations Water Works Training required: Rule 22 of Fire risk reduction rules,2007 Personnel  Statutory: Fire marshal Trainings training (A firefighting team should be formed and provided fire Required safety training to enable them effectively discharge their Training required: functions)  Statutory: First Aid Training Training required: Rule 7 of First-Aid Rules, 1977  Statutory: Safety and (No person shall be placed in charge of a first aid unless Health Committee he has received adequate training and holds a certificate of competence which shall be valid for a period of one year.) Section 9 (2) b, of OSHA 2007 The occupier shall be responsible for the training of the members of safety and health committees and safety and health representatives Section 12 (1) & (2) of Safety & Health Committee rules, ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 30 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ACTIVITY REQUIREMENT RELEVANT ACT (CLAUSES ) FIELDS 2004. (All Committee members are to undertake prescribed course). Occupational Statutory Medical Examinations. Section 21(1) and 21(5), Section 122 of OSHA, 2007 Health  Pre-employment notification of accident and entering the details in the Programmes  Periodical general register within the  Post-employment Water Works Provision of First Aid Kit – the Section 95 of OSHA 2007 Water Works was well equipped provision of a first aid box or cupboard of a prescribed with First Aid Kits standard Documents required: Section 21(1) and 21(5), Section 122 of OSHA, 2007  General register notification of accident and entering the details in the  Accident notification forms general register Examinations required: Part VII of OSHA 2007 All plants, lifting equipment and As the case may apply machinery (as per OSHA 2007) that will be used during construction Water Works Required: The Factories and other places of Work Act, (Building and Operations Risk assessment Works of engineering construction rules, 1984) Requirement Safety Inspection of ladders / for inspection of ladders/scaffoldings scaffoldings Permits To Permit to Works are required for Section 96(1) & (2) of OSHA, 2007 (Employers to issue Work (PTW) non-routine hazardous work. permits to work to employees likely to be exposed to hazardous work processes. PTW sets out work to be done, hazards involved & precautions to be taken) Fire Safety at Requirements: Rule 22 of Fire risk reduction rules,2007 the Water  Fire drill A firefighting team should ensure that fire drills and regular Works  firefighting equipment workplace inspections are conducted for purposes of identifying  Fire escapes fire risks and recommending remedial measures. Section 78-82 of OSHA 2007 Emergency Required: Section 82(1)-(4) of OSHA 2007 Response Plan  Injury emergency response; Designing of evacuation procedures for emergency,  Non entry rescue mission to including accident and fire persons in confined space;  Fire emergency response;  Accidental spill management; Ergonomics at Requirement: Section 76 of OSHA 2007 the Workplace Ergonomic survey (4)An employer shall not require or permit any of his employees to engage in the manual handling or transportation of a load which by reason of its weight is likely to cause the employee to suffer bodily injury. Contractors Duties of an occupier of place of Section 18(01and (2) of OSHA 2007 And Suppliers work to persons other than his Responsibility of a person by virtue of contract employees. Personal Requirements: Section 101 & 102 of OSHA 2007 Protective  Head, body eye, ear, Every employer shall provide and maintain for the use of Equipment respiratory tract, hand and employees in any workplace where employees are foot protection as needed. employed in any process involving exposure to wet or to  Protection from fall from any injurious or offensive substance, adequate, effective height and suitable protective clothing and appliances, including, where necessary, suitable gloves, footwear, goggles and head coverings. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 31 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 4.1.6 Sustainable Waste Management Act 2022 An Act of Parliament to establish the legal and institutional framework for the sustainable management of waste; ensure the realization of the constitutional provision on the right to a clean and healthy environment and for connected purposes. The objective of the Act among others is to promote sustainable waste management; (b) improve the health of all Kenyans by ensuring a clean and healthy environment. The project at implementation stage will be aligned to provisions of existing CESMPs for of the Mwache Dam that addresses management and disposal of wastes from site such as the Solid and Liquid Wastes Management Plan 4.1.7 The Climate Change Act Revised in 2023 An Act of Parliament to provide for a regulatory framework for enhanced response to climate change; to provide for mechanism and measures to achieve low carbon climate development, and for connected purpose. The objective and purpose of the Act among others is to mainstream climate change responses into development planning, (a) decision making and implementation; (b) build resilience and enhance adaptive capacity to the impacts of climate change; (c) formulate programmes and plans to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity. The project objective is to provide clean water to residents of Kwale and Mombasa Counties, clean water is significant drivers towards implementation of adaptation measures related to combating climate change 4.1.8 Physical Land Use and Planning Act 2019 Section 29 of the Act empowers the local Authorities (now county governments) to reserve and maintain all land planned for open spaces, parks, urban forests and green belts as well as land assigned for public social amenities. The project will provide clean water to Kwale and Mombasa Towns ultimately addressing the current water challenges 4.1.9 National Water Quality Standards The PDR report provides that the WTP will conform to provisions of national regulatory drinking water quality standards and WHO water quality guidelines, whichever is stringent. Regular monitoring to determine compliance will be done by CWWDA and corrective/ mitigation measures applied where necessary. The standards are provided in Table 4.4 below. Table 4.4: National Drinking Water Quality Standards PARAMETER UNITS GUIDELINE VALUE Aluminum mg/L 0.05 - 0.2 Chloride mg/L <250 Color Hazen <15 Copper mg/L <1.0 Corrosivity - Non – corrosive Fluoride mg/L <2.0 Foaming Agents mg/L <0.5 Iron mg/L <0.3 Manganese mg/L <0.05 Odour Odour threshold level <3 Ph Sorensen scale 6.5-8.5 Silver mg/L <0.10 Sulphate mg/L <250 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L <500 Zinc mg/L <5 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 32 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA PARAMETER UNITS GUIDELINE VALUE Sodium mg/L <200 Chlorine mg/L 0.2+ -0.5 Magnesium mg/L <100 Ammonia mg/L <0.5 Mercury mg/L <0.001 Nitrate mg/L <10 Fluoride mg/L <1.5 Arsenic mg/L <0.05 Cadmium mg/L <0.05 Source-NEMA Table 4.5: Microbiological Limits for Drinking Water TYPE OF MICROBES PRESENT/ABSENT Total viable counts at 370C per ml, Max 100% Present Coliforms in 250 ml Absent E. Coli in 250 ml Absent Staphylococcus aureus in 250 ml Absent Sulphite reducing anaerobes in 50 ml Absent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fluorescence in 250 ml Absent Steptococuus faecalis Absent Shingella in 250 ml Absent Salmonella in 250 ml Absent Source-NEMA 4.1 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL STANDARDS (ESS) OF THE WORLD BANK At the time of preparation of the Mwache Dam ESIA in 2016 the World Bank’s Operational Policies (OP) were in effect. The Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) and the Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) had not been published. Therefore, under this addendum a review of Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) of the World Bank is presented in Table 4.6 below. Table 4.6: World Bank Environment and Social Standards STANDARD PROVISION RELEVANCE TO THE PROJECT (ESS1) Assessment (ESS1) Assessment and management of An addendum to the and Management environmental and social risks and impacts Environmental and Social Impact of Environmental which provides for (i) Environment Assessment Assessment prepared for the and Social Risks and (ii) Development of Environmental and Social Mwache Dam is required, the Impacts Commitment Plan (ESCP), (iii) Project Addendum details Environment monitoring and reporting (iv) Stakeholder and Social Risks Associated with engagement and information disclosure. The the proposed Water Treatment main focus of the standard is to promote Plant. environmental and social sustainability in the Program design; avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse impacts, and promote informed decision-making relating to the Program’s environmental and social impacts; (ESS2) Labor and ESS2 recognizes the importance of employment The addendum discusses Project Working Conditions creation and income generation in the pursuit of Social Impacts, appropriate poverty reduction and inclusive economic provisions have been provided growth. The standard objectives include among to mitigate impacts related to others; To promote safety and health at work, ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 33 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA STANDARD PROVISION RELEVANCE TO THE PROJECT To promote the fair treatment, non- Workers and management of discrimination and equal opportunity of project labour workers, To protect project workers, including vulnerable workers such as women, persons with disabilities, children (of working age, in accordance with the (ESS) and migrant workers, contracted workers, community workers and primary supply workers, as appropriate among others (ESS3) Resource ESS3 recognizes that economic activity and The addendum discusses Efficiency Pollution urbanization often generate pollution to air, possible impacts to Biophysical prevention and water, and land, and consume finite resources resources ranging from Water, Management that may threaten people, ecosystem services Soil and Air and Biological and the environment at the local, regional, and global levels. The policy objective among other resources including Fauna and include; to promote the sustainable use of Flora. resources, including energy, water and raw materials and; To avoid or minimize adverse impacts on human Health and the environment by avoiding or minimizing pollution from project activities among others. (ESS4) Community ESS4 recognizes that project activities, Appropriate provisions have Health and Safety equipment, and infrastructure can increase been provided to mitigate community exposure to risks and impacts. In impacts related to Community addition, communities that are already Health and Safety subjected to impacts from climate change may also experience an acceleration or intensification of impacts due to project activities. The policy objectives among others include; to anticipate and avoid adverse impacts on the health and safety of project-affected communities during the project life cycle from both routine and non-routine circumstances and to promote quality and safety, and considerations relating to climate change, in the design and construction of infrastructure. (ESS6) Biodiversity ESS6 recognizes that protecting and conserving The addendum discusses Conservation and biodiversity and sustainably managing living possible impacts to Biophysical Sustainable natural resources are fundamental to resources ranging from Water, Management of sustainable development. The policy recognizes Soil and Air and Biological Living Natural the importance of maintaining core ecological Resources functions of habitats, including forests, and the resources including Fauna and biodiversity they support. The policy objectives Flora. include among others include; to protect and conserve biodiversity and habitats and to apply the mitigation hierarchy and the precautionary approach in the design and implementation of projects that could have an impact on biodiversity (ESS8) Cultural ESS8 recognizes that cultural heritage provides Chance find procedures to be Heritage continuity in tangible and intangible forms adopted in the event such between the past, present and future. The policy resources are encountered objectives include; to protect cultural heritage during Project construction from the adverse impacts of Project activities and support its preservation; to address cultural phase. heritage as an integral aspect of sustainable ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 34 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA STANDARD PROVISION RELEVANCE TO THE PROJECT development; to promote meaningful consultation with stakeholders regarding cultural heritage; to promote the equitable sharing of benefits from the use of cultural heritage. (ESS10) Stakeholder This ESS recognizes the importance of open and Appropriate stakeholder Engagement and transparent engagement between the Borrower consultations were done during Information and project stakeholders as an essential preparation of the ESIA report Disclosure element of good international practice. Effective and during ESIA review stage by stakeholder engagement can improve the NEMA environmental and social sustainability of projects, enhance project acceptance, and make a significant contribution to successful project design and implementation. 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY FOR AFD- FUNDED OPERATIONS The policy provides that any development operation may involve potentially adverse risks, particularly in terms of environmental and social impacts. Consequently, AFD’s financing is conditional upon the implementation by the client of continuous and systematic environmental and social assessment procedures to (i) assess the environmental and social impacts of operations, (ii) propose appropriate measures to avoid the negative impacts or, when they are unavoidable, reduce or offset them in an appropriate manner, (iii) monitor the application of such measures during the implementation phase of the operation, and (iv) conduct an ex post evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures. The systematic environmental and social assessment of operations aims to ensure that they are environmentally and socially sustainable, contribute to integrating environmental and social considerations into the decision-making process of all the stakeholders, and provide a strong framework to manage financial and reputational risks run by AFD. Further, the policy provides under AFD principles that the client is responsible for conducting the environmental and social assessment of its project. It mobilizes the expertise and environmental and social resources required at the various stages of the project implementation (feasibility, detailed design preparation, construction, operation, decommissioning) and contractually commits to respect the environmental and social performance targets agreed during the appraisal of the financing and set out in the financing agreement with AFD. The client monitors and documents the application of the environmental and social management measures during the implementation of the project activities. It also implements the preventive actions required to remove the potential causes of a failure and the remedial actions required when a failure is identified. It regularly informs AFD about this through periodic progress reports. AFD assists the client in defining its environmental and social objectives and verifies their implementation throughout the project cycle. The addendum to the Environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) prepared for Mwache Dam has been prepared to conform to this principle. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 35 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 5. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 5.1 STAKEHOLDER MAPPING AND IDENTIFICATION A stakeholder identification, mapping and analysis exercise was carried out to determine all organizations and individuals who may be directly or indirectly (positively or negatively) affected by the proposed Mwache Water Treatment Plant Project. All identified stakeholders were consulted at the ESIA stage for the South Mainland Water Transmission Pipeline and Addendum for the WTP . The motive of consultations was to collect their views in relation to the Project The identified stakeholders were grouped into two main categories depending on their various needs, interest, and potential influence to the project as follows: Primary Stakeholders: These are stakeholders directly affected by the project such as the local community, local administration, institutions such as schools and health centers within locations along the pipeline alignment. Secondary Stakeholders: These are stakeholders indirectly affected by the project but influence development through Project implementation. These include but not limited to: National and County Government, Government Parastatals among others. An Inventory of the Stakeholder relevant to the Proposed Project is summarized in Table 5-1. Table 5-1: Inventory of the Project Stakeholder Stakeholder Stakeholder Name Category Primary  Local community in, Kasemeni, Gandini, Mbuguni, Kaya Bombo and Dongo Stakeholders Kundu  Local administration, in, Kasemeni, Gandini, Mbuguni, Kaya Bombo and Dongo Kundu  Institutions such as schools and health centres, in, Kasemeni, Gandini, Mbuguni, Kaya Bombo and Dongo Kundu  Beach Management Units (BMU) and Community Forest Association (CFA) who include; Tsunza, Bonje and Mwache Secondary  GoK -Ministry of Water and Sanitation Stakeholders  Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA)  Ministry of Environment and forestry  Water Resources Authority (WRA)  Mombasa and Kwale Water Companies  Kenye Forest Service (KFS)  National Environment Management Authority 5.2 STAKEHOLDER AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SCHEDULE Kenya’s Environmental Impact Assessment / Audit Regulations of 2003 require that in the process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), the proponent shall, in consultation with the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA); seek the views of persons who may be affected by the Project. Stakeholder mapping was done by the help of local administration headed by area Deputy ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 36 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA County Commissioner who provided the list of key stakeholders to be included in the assessment, section being revised appropriately to reflect consultations with, Kenya Forest Services, Beach Management Unity and Community Forest Association and Local Administration. The schedule of stakeholder and public barazas within the Gandini and Mbuguni Locations, and Kiteje Sub Location is summarized Table 5.2. Table 5-2: Schedule of Stakeholder Public Participation Local Administration Meeting MEETING VENUE DATE Meeting with Kasemeni Sub County DCC DCC office in Mazeras 20th October 2021 Meeting with Gandini Location Chief Chiefs Office in Gandini 22nd October 2021 Meeting with Mbuguni Location Chief Chiefs Office in Mbuguni 23rd October 2021 Meeting with Kiteje Sub Location Chief Kiteje Sub Location Chief 24th October 2021 Kenya Forest Services Consultation STAKEHOLDER VENUE DATE Kenya Forest Services (KFS) Kenya Forest Services (KFS) 24th October 2021 offices – Kwale Offices BMU / CFA Proposals to be Supported under the Project # BMU/ CFA Proposals to be supported by the Project  Tree planting and re- afforestation Programs 1 Tsunza, Mwache and Bonje  Stakeholder Sensitisation (Community) programs on conservation  Stakeholder Sensitisation programs (Kenya Ports Authority KPA) on conservation  Restoration Programs of Mangroves in Degraded areas  Beach Clean-up and Waste Management Programs  Bee Keeping Activities  Fish Ponds and fishing sites including; Kwasoa, Toneza, Maguzoni, Dongo Kundu, Chuyu, Ngare, Mkupe, Mbagani, Gutu, Mwinjala, Mshame, Mwekerwe Nyanje, Chiweni, Manzazani, Mwangowa, Mwishomo, Fungu ya Kati, Chilomoni, Hodi  Nursery Establishment within Kaya Chonyi, Kaya Mrera, Kaya Bombo, Kaya Mbuguni and Kaya Teleza Stakeholder Workshop with Beach Management Units (BMU) and Community Forest Association (CFA) BMU / CFA VENUE DATE Tsunza BMU and CFA Royal Star Resort Mazeras 14th June 2023 Mwache BMU and CFA Royal Star Resort Mazeras 14th June 2023 Bonje BMU and CFA Royal Star Resort Mazeras 14th June 2023 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 37 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Public Meetings LOCATION/ SUB VENUE DATE ATTENDEES LOCATION 38 Male Gandini Location Gandini Chiefs Camp office 21st October 2021 29 females 33 males Mbuguni Location Mbuguni Chiefs Camp office 22nd October 2021 19 females 26 males Kiteje Sub Location Kiteje Sub Location Office 23rd October 2021 17 females Tables 5.3 below presents summary of concerns raised by stakeholders during the consultations. Table 5-3: Stakeholders Concerns and Responses Kenya Forest Services (KFS) STAKEHOLDER RESOLUTIONS Kenya Forest Services (KFS)  CWWDA to formally apply for approval to lay the pipeline within Mwache Forest. Application to be addressed to the Chief Conservator of Forest (CCF) – Kwale County.  The application should clearly indicate the Scope of Works planned to be undertaken within the forest.  The application should include a clear Layout Plan and indicate the proposed pipeline route  The CCF will review the application and communicate the decision of KFS officially to CWWDA.  After approval is granted by KFS, CWWDA will undertake survey of the pipeline route.  After Survey works is completed, CWWDA will further apply through the CCF for approval or authority to commence pipeline construction.  This application will be reviewed and approval granted to CWWDA by KFS for construction works. This will be through a lease permit that will be renewed on an annual basis.  CWWDA will ensure that the proposed pipeline is restricted within existing track and the existing water pipeline easement, this approach will ensure that no tree is cleared along the easement. However, at the truncation, any trees that will be affected will be valued and cost included in the permit fees Local Administration  The office of Sub County Commissioner supports CWWDA initiative of expanding water distribution networks within Mombasa and Kwale Counties  The office of Sub County Commissioner is ready to assist CWWDA to mobilise any stakeholder consultations that might be required through project implementation stage  Local administration would ask to be involved in any stakeholder workshops that might be organized by CWWDA with regards to the Project  The DCC office advises consultations with Kenya Forest Services (KFS) given that the pipeline section traverses through Mwache forest. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 38 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 5.4: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Gandini Location SUGGESTION / QUESTION RESPONSE Mr. Katsudzi Dziro wanted to know The meeting was informed that the consultant will establish a grievance how cases of disputed land will be Redress Committee that will look into disputes locally. Residents were handled. encouraged to use the GRC to solves disputes instead of court process that might be lengthy and expensive. Underson Beja Wanted to be The meeting was informed that the wayleave will include extra working space. informed on how damages to Any property that falls within the wayleave corridor will be compensated. In private property outside the the event that the contractor damages property outside the wayleave, they acquired project wayleave will be will have to be reinstated on fresh compensation done by the contractor. handled. Harrison Chiwala wanted to be The meeting was informed that funding for the project which include informed on when the project will construction of Mwache dam and the transmission lines is available. The commence. project will commence immediately after all the pre-requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA licence has been issued and also a resettlement action plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Mr. Mbodze wanted to know what Residents were informed that the contractor will try as much as possible to will happen in the event that the avoid graves, in areas where it is not possible to avoid, the community will be pipeline alignment passes through allowed to apply their cultural procedures of relocating graves. The project graveyards. client will facilitate the process. Residents wanted to know if the Residents were informed that both unskilled labour and some skilled (if contractor will source for available) will be sourced from the local community. Youths were encouraged workforce within the community to organize themselves into groups and avail themselves for consideration. where the works will be implemented. Table 5.5: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Mbuguni Location SUGGESTION / QUESTION RESPONSE Mr. Sale Ali wanted to know if the The meeting was informed that the pipeline is a transmission line and not for water will benefit residents of household connection, however residents can request to be given water Mbuguni kiosks within shopping centres for them to access water easily. Mr. Juma Omar wanted to know The meeting was informed that the consultant will be walking along the what will happen to those property proposed pipeline route accompanied by village elders, details of those that owners who not be available during will not be on the ground during enumeration will be captured and follow up enumeration. done to ensure any missing information about them is captured. Residents wanted to be informed The meeting was informed that funding for the project which include on when the project will construction of Mwache dam and the transmission line is available. The commence. project will commence immediately after all the pre requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA licence has been issued and also a resettlement action plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Residents wanted to know if the Residents were informed that both unskilled labour and some skilled (if contractor will source for available) will be sourced from the local community. Youths were encouraged workforce within the community to organize themselves into groups and avail themselves for consideration. where the works will be implemented. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 39 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 5.6: Stakeholders Concerns and Response in Kiteje Sub Location SUGGESTION / QUESTION RESPONSE Mr. Kasim Chame wanted to know what will The meeting was informed that the National Lands Commission happen to residents who have bought parcels of will follow up and authenticate the land documents to ensure land but the subdivision process is yet to be compensation is done to the right owner. completed. Mr. Abdul Kongoninga wanted to know if during The meeting was informed that compensation rates will be compensation there will be any discussion provided by a registered government value to ensure accuracy. between property owner and the client about the During RAP report disclosure, residents will be given a chance rates. to make adjustments if need be. Harrison Chiwala wanted to be informed on when The meeting was informed that funding for the project which the project will commence. include construction of Mwache dam and the transmission line is available. The project will commence immediately after all the pre requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA licence has been issued and also a resettlement action plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Mr. Jiti Abdalla wanted to know what will happen Residents were informed that the contractor will try as much as in the event that the pipeline alignment passes possible to avoid graves, in areas where it is not possible to through graveyards. avoid, the community will be allowed to apply their cultural procedures of relocating graves. The project client will facilitate the process. Residents wanted to know if the contractor will Residents were informed that both unskilled labour and some source for workforce within the community skilled (if available) will be sourced from the local community. where the works will be implemented. Youths were encouraged to organize themselves into groups and avail themselves for consideration. Hadija Omar wanted to be informed if residents Residents were informed that adequate time will be given to will be given sufficient notice before construction land owners before project commences, asset owners will be commences and also if they will be required to be given sufficient time to salvage whatever they want along the at their premises throughout during construction. pipeline corridor She was also informed that once owners have agreed and allowed works to proceed, they will not be required to be physically present during implementation. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 40 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 6. ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS POSED BY THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) 6.1 INTRODUCTION This section discusses assessment of Environment and Social Impacts associated with Construction and Operation of Water Treatment Plants of Similar Nature. These impacts were identified after review of (i) Background biophysical information, legal and regulatory issues associated with the prosed Mwache Dam Water Treatment Plant (WTP) (ii) field visit to proposed WTP site and (iii) Study of documents and Reports related to the Project, these included; Environment Impact Assessment Study Report (ESIA 2016), Environmental License Conditions (NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204) 6.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE POSITIVE IMPACTS Project positive impacts during construction phase are summarized below.  Employment Creation : At construction stage workers will be deployed to help in construction and land preparation activities. This will include both skilled and unskilled personnel especially from the local population with approximately 200 direct and indirect jobs.  Income/Revenue to Government : Income to government will be realized in terms of taxes generated during the acquisition of relevant statutory licenses. Materials to be used during construction will also be taxable (16% VAT). Through revenues generated, the governmen t will be capable of financing its responsibility to her citizens.  Income to Other Businesses : During implementation of the project, there will be need for transporters, suppliers of raw materials and other service providers, who will benefit from the proposed development. 6.3 OPERATION PHASE POSITIVE IMPACTS Positive project impacts during operation phase are summarized below.  Availability of water for domestic use, the project will ensure a reduction in the distance between the various households and the water collection points as compared to the long distances initially covered from the homesteads to water points.  Reduction in poverty levels of many households, this will be as a result of the availability of reliable water for domestic use, households will therefore engage more time in other income streams.  Employment opportunities will be created both to those working directly in the WTP under WTP Operator  Improved public hygiene and sanitation and at home because of water availability. An estimate of 626,200 people will directly benefit from this Project, and will be provided with improved water sources, sanitation facilities, improved hygiene and sanitation practice. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 41 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 6.4 WATER TREATMENT PLANT CONSTRUCTION PHASE NEGATIVE IMPACTS 6.4.1 Impact On Physical Resources and Receptors Water Resources Impact There will be indirect or direct interaction in the case of erosion of soils into seasonal streams that drain runoff from the WTP. Further, site activities such as excavations during trench excavation and levelling at reservoir sites could result to loosening of soils that could result to sedimentation and siltation of storm water drainage channels and eventually flowing into seasonal streams. There will be direct interaction from the abstraction of water from seasonal stream for construction activities (e.g., for dust control), equipment on site could result to oil and fuel leaks that could contaminate seasonal streams altering the chemical composition of the water bodies and affecting aquatic organisms in the seasonal streams. Impact evaluations is minor and discussed in Table 6.1 below. Table 6.1: Pre-Mitigation Impact Assessment IMPACT SILTATION AND POLLUTION OF SURFACE WATERS RESOURCES Nature of Negative Positive Neutral Impact Eroded soil and leaked oils and fuels entering surface water bodies (seasonal streams Type of Direct Indirect Induced Impact Impact is as a result of a direct interaction between Project activities and the environment along the footprint of the concrete dam Duration of Temporal Short term Long term Permanent Impact The impact is expected to be short term, however in the case of serious erosion the impacts of siltation of surface water may be experienced long term (into the operational phase). Impact Local Regional International Extent The impact will be limited to the footprint of the concrete dam and immediate surrounds. The dilution of sediments in the river will render this impact negligible at the regional scale Impact scale The impact is considered as small (local) scale. Limited at concrete dam Environs Frequency Continuous Likelihood Possible Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large magnitude Based on the above the impact magnitude is considered small. Resource / Low Medium High receptor The sensitivity of the river along the proposed pipeline construction works to Siltation and sensitivity pollution is considered to be medium to low. Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major significance Considering the impact magnitude is small and the sensitivity is medium to low, the overall significance is considered to be minor. Mitigation  Discharge of Grey water or uncontrolled discharges from the site/working areas (including wash down areas) to adjacent rivers shall not be permitted  Water containing pollutants such as cements, concrete, lime, chemicals and fuels shall be discharged into a conservancy tank for planned removal from site and disposed into a sanitary landfill to be established on site.  The drainage system will be developed to prevent silt-laden runoff from entering surface water drains and streams without treatment (e.g. earth bunds, silt fences, straw bales, or proprietary treatment) under any circumstances  Earth stockpiles will be seeded as soon as possible, covered with geotextile mats or surrounded by a bund to minimise the risk of sediment-rich runoff ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 42 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA  Tools and plant will be cleaned in designated areas within the site where runoff can be isolated for treatment before discharge to the river  Debris and other material will be prevented from entering watercourses; Construction sites (such as settlement lagoons or other temporary attenuation) to be used during construction if necessary; Diversion of minor watercourses will be carefully managed to prevent suspension of silt (or contamination by other pollutants)  Discharge into watercourses and water bodies will only be carried out under consent of the relevant governing bodies such as WRA  All wastewater which may be contaminated with oily substances must be managed in accordance with an appropriate Waste Management Plan (WMP)  At construction stage, the contractor will prepare Specific Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) which included among others: Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan and Waste Management Plan. Soil Resources Potential Impacts Soil excavation for construction of the proposed WTP will disrupt the soil cohesion and also may result in surplus soil due to installation of the gabions within the same excavated areas. If not properly restored or managed, such soils may erode and wash into nearby seasonal streams thereby increasing the sediment load as indicated in Table 6.2 below. Table 6.2: Mitigation Impact Assessment IMPACT SOIL EROSION DURING CONSTRUCTION Nature of Impact Negative Positive Neutral Loss of soil cohesion contributing to erosion. Type of Impact Direct Indirect Induced Impact is a result as a direct interaction between project activities and the environment along the footprint of the project. Duration of Temporal Short term Long term Permanent Impact The impact is expected to be short term, however in the case of serious erosion the impacts may be experienced long term. Impact Extend Local Regional International The impact will be limited to the footprint of the project and immediate surrounds. Impact scale The impact is considered as small (local) scale. Frequency Continuous Likelihood Possible Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large magnitude Based on the above the impact magnitude is considered small. Resource / Low Medium High receptor The sensitivity of seasonal streams and gullies to erosion is considered to be medium to sensitivity low. Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major significance Considering the impact magnitude is small and the sensitivity is medium to low, the overall significance is considered to be minor ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 43 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be implemented to minimize the potential for soil erosion:  Vegetation clearing and topsoil disturbance will be confined and minimized.  Contour temporary and permanent access roads / laydown areas so as to minimize surface water runoff and erosion.  Sheet and rill erosion of soil shall be prevented where necessary through the use of sand bags, diversion berms, culverts, or other physical means.  Topsoil shall be stockpiled separate from subsoil. Stockpiles shall not exceed 2m height, shall be located away from drainage lines, shall be protected from rain and wind erosion, and shall not be contaminated.  Wherever possible construction work will take place during the dry season.  Topsoil shall be evenly spread across the cleared areas when reinstated.  Accelerated erosion from storm events during construction shall be minimized through managing storm water runoff (e.g., velocity control measures).  Soil backfilled into excavations shall be replaced in the order of removal in order to preserve the soil profile.  Spread mulch generated from indigenous cleared vegetation across exposed soils after construction  At construction stage, the contractor will prepare Specific Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) which included among other; Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan and Waste Management Plan. Air Quality Impacts Baseline Information The settlements adjacent to Mwache Dam have been compensated and relocated away from the Project area. Therefore, no settlement is anticipated to be impacted by air quality pollution associated with dust and particulate matter. However, construction workers during Project construction phase might be impacted if air quality impacts are not well mitigated. Indirect impact could be associated with dust and particulate matter caused by trucks driving on marram roads in the villages supplying construction materials to the WTP. The villages include among others; Mwatate, Mataa, Gandini, Mwavumbo, Fulugani and Mazeras. Table 6-3 and 6-4 presents WHO Ambient Air Quality baseline undertaken during the ESIA for Mwache Roads as presented below. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 44 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 6-3:Results for Particulate matter (<2.5 microns) Particulate Matter ≤2.5 (PM2.5) Site Name GPS Coordinates Concentration Guideline Sampling time Remarks (µg/m3) (µg/m3)1 Latitude: -3.96186745 ML-1 60 mins 19 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.48289318 Latitude: -3.97748435 ML-2 60 mins 20 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.47854239 Latitude: -3.95865844 ML-3 60 mins 15 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.49393485 Latitude: -3.95860424 ML-4 60 mins 10 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.49380871 Latitude: -3.945777 ML-5 60 mins 10 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.508078 Latitude: -3.987867 ML-6 60 mins 18 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.483962 Latitude: -3.99486266 ML-7 60 mins 17 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.52313375 Latitude: -3.966963 ML-8 60 mins 44 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.537213 Latitude: -3.99480577 ML-9 60 mins 22 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.48320963 Latitude: -4.00267161 ML-10 60 mins 16 35 In Compliance Longitude: 39.50586095 Table 6-4: Results for Particulate matter (<10 microns) Particulate Matter ≤10 (PM10)2 Site Name GPS Coordinates Sampling Concentration Guideline Remarks time (µg/m3) (µg/m3) Latitude: -3.96186745 ML-1 60 mins 27 100 In Compliance Longitude: 39.48289318 Latitude: -3.97748435 In Compliance ML-2 60 mins 35 100 Longitude: 39.47854239 Latitude: -3.95865844 In Compliance ML-3 60 mins 25 100 Longitude: 39.49393485 Latitude: -3.95860424 In Compliance ML-4 60 mins 23 100 Longitude: 39.49380871 Latitude: -3.945777 In Compliance ML-5 60 mins 20 100 Longitude: 39.508078 Latitude: -3.987867 In Compliance ML-6 60 mins 31 100 Longitude: 39.483962 Latitude: -3.99486266 In Compliance ML-7 60 mins 26 100 Longitude: 39.52313375 Latitude: -3.966963 In Compliance ML-8 60 mins 63 100 Longitude: 39.537213 Latitude: -3.99480577 In Compliance ML-9 60 mins 38 100 Longitude: 39.48320963 Latitude: -4.00267161 In Compliance ML-10 60 mins 29 100 Longitude: 39.50586095 Gaseous parameters Baseline air samples were collected during the ESIA Study field assessment for analysis of Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Ozone. The results of the selected gaseous parameters are presented in Table 6.5 below. 1 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 2 EMCA 1999 Air Quality Regulation of 2014 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 45 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 6-5: Results for Gaseous Parameters Quarry Site NO2 SO2 CO 03 REMARKS Conc. EMC Conc. EMC Conc. EMC Conc. EMC (ppm) AQR (ppm) AQR (ppm AQR (mg/m AQR 3) guide guide ) guide guide 2014 2014 2014 2014 (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (mg/m3) ML-1 <0.01 0.5 0.011 0.191 0.07 10.0 0.015 0.12 In Compliance ML-2 <0.01 0.5 0.018 0.191 0.09 10.0 0.019 0.12 In Compliance ML-3 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.10 10.0 0.009 0.12 In Compliance ML-4 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.08 10.0 0.005 0.12 In Compliance ML-5 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.05 10.0 0.007 0.12 In Compliance ML-6 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.07 10.0 0.005 0.12 In Compliance ML-7 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.07 10.0 <0.001 0.12 In Compliance ML-8 0.08 0.5 0.03 0.191 0.22 10.0 0.07 0.12 In Compliance ML-9 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.09 10.0 0.003 0.12 In Compliance ML-10 <0.01 0.5 <0.01 0.191 0.13 10.0 <0.001 0.12 In Compliance Air quality survey was completed for short term exposure levels as the preferred time weighted averages in order to measure and quantify the air pollutant levels so as to determine the current existing conditions within the project area. Monitoring was done for three runs for each parameter except for ozone which was carried out for one hour continuously. Results of the gaseous concentrations and particulate parameters were compared with the Environmental Management Coordination (Air quality) regulations of 2014. The analyses show that:  All Nitrogen Dioxide monitoring data recorded in the project sites were below the EMC (Air quality) regulations 2014 of 0.5 ppm. The maximum 1-hour NO2 concentration was observed to be 0.03 ppm at the station ML —8 situated near Mazeras high school. The minimum 1-hour NO2 concentration was observed to be less than detection levels (<0.001) at all the remaining nine stations.  All Sulphur Dioxide monitoring data recorded in the project sites were below the EMC (Air quality) regulations 2014 of 0.191 ppm. The maximum 1-hour SO2 concentration was observed to be 0.03 ppm at the station ML —8 situated near Mazeras high school. The minimum 1-hour SO2 concentration was observed to be less than detection levels (<0.001) at seven of the ten stations.  All Carbon Monoxide monitoring data recorded in the project sites were below the EMC (Air quality) regulations 2014 of 10.0 mg/m3. The maximum 1-hour CO concentration was observed to be 0.22 mg/m3 at the station ML —8 situated near Mazeras high school. The minimum 1-hour CO concentration was observed to be 0.07 mg/m3 at the station ML —1, ML—6 and ML—7. The maximum and minimum results are 100.00% within the acceptable limits.  All Ozone monitoring data recorded in the project sites were below the EMC (Air quality) regulations 2014 of 0.12 ppm. The maximum 1-hour O3 concentration was observed to be 0.07 ppm at the station ML —8 situated near Mazeras high school. The minimum 1-hour O3 concentration was observed to be less than detection levels (<0.001) at ML-7 and ML-10. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 46 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Potential Impacts Project activities that have potential to impact air quality would be associated with emissions of air pollutants from temporary power generators, construction equipment, and vehicles. Construction activities will also create dust. The following would be expected during construction. Emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NO2 in particular) mainly from construction-related vehicles (and to a lesser degree from construction generators and other hydrocarbon powered equipment); and Dust and particulate matter (as PM10) created by construction-related vehicle traffic on unpaved roads. However, once the WTP is built and operational and the site is reinstated, no significant effects on air quality are anticipated. Mitigation  Develop and implement a Dust Management Plan (DMP) and Undertake inspections to ensure compliance with the Dust Management Plan;  Record all dust and air quality complaints, identify cause(s), take appropriate corrective actions  Undertake monitoring close to dusty activities, noting that this may be daily visual inspections, or passive/active monitoring as parameter  Remove dusty materials from site as soon as possible if not being re-used. If being re-used, cover or vegetate if possible;  Impose speed limits on haul routes and in construction compounds to reduce dust generation;  Undertake watering to attenuate dust near sensitive receptors. The duration and frequency of this should be set out in the Dust Management Plan and will consider water availability and any stakeholder grievances; and  Revegetate exposed areas as soon as feasible;  Revegetate or cover stockpiles if feasible;  Expose the minimum area required for the works, and undertake exposure on a staged basis to minimise dust blow. Noise and Vibration Standard The World Bank Group General EHS Guidelines provide guidance on acceptable noise levels based on WHO standards and these are set out in Table 6.6. Table 6.6: World Bank Group Noise Level Guidelines MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE AMBIENT NOISE LEVELS, LAEQ,1HR, DBA FREE FIELD DAYTIME NIGHT-TIME 07:00 – 22:00 22:00 – 07:00 Residential, institutional, educational 55 45 Industrial, commercial 70 70 National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) noise levels, (EMCA Noise and Excessive Vibration Pollution) (Control) Regulations of 2009) maximum permissible noise levels for construction sites (Measurement taken within the facility) are shown Table 6.7. Table 6.7: NEMA Noise Level Guidelines SITE DAY NIGHT Health facilities, educational institutions, homes for disabled 60dBA 35dBA Residential 60dBA 35dBA Other areas 75dBA 65dBA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 47 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Baseline The equipment and plant used during construction will generate noise during construction activities that might affect communities living and working near to the works. However, this impact will not be significant. As provided by the ESIA report for Mwache Roads, determination of noise significance of results (diurnal Average Leq) was done using compliance against the EMC (Excessive noise and vibration regulations) 2009 to ensure compliance amongst other aspects. The results indicate that diurnal noise Leq aver ages were rated as insignificant having scored < 75 units based on parameters and score criteria given in Table 6.8. Thus, there is no threat to the sensitive receptors of the noise emissions. The proponent is burdened with the task of maintaining the noise levels and in scenarios of exceedance during construction activities, implementing appropriate mitigation measures. Table 6-8: Results for Singular Noise Measurements Measured Sound Pressure EMC Noise Site Notes / Remarks Level (Noise) (dBA) Regulation 2009 19TH – 20TH February 2022 Day time Leq Lmax Lmin Leq ML 46.7 78.1 38.7 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the -1 acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 20.7 km/hr East wind. Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 47.5 78.9 40.8 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the -2 acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 20.5 km/hr East wind. Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 44.1 75.3 34.5 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the -3 acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 21 km/hr East wind. Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 49.7 77.2 39.5 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the -4 acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 20.3 km/hr East wind. Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 50.3 78.8 43.2 55 Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels -5 of noise. The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 21.2 km/hr East wind. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze & noise from motorbikes were the likely sources of ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 48 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Measured Sound Pressure EMC Noise Site Notes / Remarks Level (Noise) (dBA) Regulation 2009 19TH – 20TH February 2022 Day time Leq Lmax Lmin Leq noise emissions. Audible sounds from the nearby road were also recorded. ML 54.7 81.5 42.6 55 Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels -6 of noise. The prevailing weather was sunny at the time of the acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 18.5 km/hr East wind. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 47.3 80.0 30.6 55 Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels -7 of noise. The prevailing weather was sunny and a little cloudy at the time of the acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 5.0 km/hr East wind. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 58.8 81.9 40.0 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and hot at the time of the -8 acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 18.0 km/hr East wind. Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels exceeded the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, lorries, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 43.9 78.1 38.5 55 Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels -9 of noise. The prevailing weather was sunny at the time of the acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 21.0 km/hr East wind. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities related to the proposed project were ongoing during measurements. Wind breeze, personal vehicles & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. ML 48.6 78.3 39.5 55 The prevailing weather was sunny and dry at the time of the - acoustic survey. Wind speed averaged about 20.3 km/hr East wind. 10 Measurements are taken to quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise. Leq noise levels complied with the EMC 2009 noise permissible levels. No activities were ongoing at the time of measurements. Wind breeze & motorbikes were the likely sources of noise emissions. Noise measurements was initiated to obtain and quantify the prevailing ambient levels of noise before commencement of any activity in the proposed project area. The obtained noise results were thereafter compared with the Environmental Management Coordination (Excessive noise and vibration regulations) 2009 to ascertain compliance. The highest diurnal noise emissions recorded at the proposed survey stations was 58.8 dBA at ML-8 while the lowest diurnal noise emission recorded was 43.9 at ML- 9. Diurnal noise equivalent levels (Leq) recorded at nine of the ten survey stations before commencement of any activity at sites complied with the EMC noise and vibrations regulations of 2009. Diurnal noise equivalent levels (Leq) recorded at one of the ten survey stations (ML-8) before commencement of any activity at sites marginally exceeds the EMC noise and vibrations regulations of 2009. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 49 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 6-9: Results for noise equivalents Monitoring locations Diurnal LAeq results Maximum noise level permitted (Leq) in Comments dB (A) Day (0601-2000) hrs ML-1 46.7 In Compliance ML-2 47.5 In Compliance ML-3 44.1 In Compliance ML-4 49.7 In Compliance ML-5 50.3 In Compliance 55 ML-6 54.7 In Compliance ML-7 47.3 In Compliance ML-8 58.8 Exceeds ML-9 43.9 In Compliance ML-10 48.6 In Compliance Table 6-10: Determination of noise significance of results MEASUREMENT CONDITION/A OCCURRENCE LEGISLATION QUANTITY A DETECTION SIG / INSIG REMARKS CONTROL A*B*C*D IMPACTS IMPACT ASPECT TOTAL SITE Hearing ML-1 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-2 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-3 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-4 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-5 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-6 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-7 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-8 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-9 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 INSIG impairment Hearing ML-10 NOISE N/A 1 5 1 1 1 10 50 INSIG impairment ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 50 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA This baseline ambient noise measurement report documented the current noise levels and meteorological conditions for the proposed project shows that the quantity of diurnal noise measured and recorded from the survey locations ML-1, ML-2, ML-3, ML-4, ML-5, ML-6, ML-7, ML-9 and ML-10 complied with the EMC noise and vibration regulations 2009 maximum Noise Level Permitted (Leq ). However, the quantity of diurnal noise measured and recorded from the survey location ML-8 exceeded the EMC noise and vibration regulations 2009 maximum Noise Level Permitted (Leq). The baseline results obtained at the monitoring locations shows that all the locations are noise insignificant areas hence there is no threat to the sensitive receptors around these areas. Ambient conditions existed at the time of the survey. The existing identifiable sources of noise emissions before commencement of the proposed projects included commercial vehicles, personal automobiles, tuk tuks vehicles and motorcycles accessing the residences through the respective marram feeder roads. Vibration level monitoring Monitoring of vibration intensities in the proposed project area involved inspection of the monitoring points and the implicated activities associated with the area; identification of ten perimeter points; verification / Calibration of the vibration meter before the measurements and; vibrations levels are established using a Vibration Meter spiked and attached into the ground to measure the ranges of acceleration, velocity, and displacement for a period of 15 minutes every one-hour interval. As each individual measurement were taken, the nature of the climate in the area was assessed and recorded. Observations made by the surveyor included the identification of those incidents which could have influenced the vibration level readings during that measurement period. The tools and equipment used in this task were:  Vibration Meter - AWA 5936  GPS  Digital camera Vibration levels monitoring was conducted once before commencement of works on the 19th and 20th February 2022. The short-term vibration survey and data collection for velocity, displacement and acceleration levels were considered sufficient to understand background vibration conditions. Data Validity and Acceptability of noise survey All vibration survey data was taken through a data replications and quality assurance procedure to ensure that any anomalous readings or questionable data is not incorporated in the final results. Elements of this procedure account for: routine calibration and auditing of the analysers; zero correction of the baseline drift and noise and; statistical rendering of outliers. The locations for monitoring vibration levels are shown in Table 6-11. Vibration measurements are shown in Table 6-12. Table 6-11: Measurement Locations Site GPS Coordinates Test Parameters Name Latitude: -3.96186745 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-1 Longitude: 39.48289318 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.97748435 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-2 Longitude: 39.47854239 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.95865844 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-3 Longitude: 39.49393485 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.95860424 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-4 Longitude: 39.49380871 minimum acceleration (m/s2) ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 51 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Site GPS Coordinates Test Parameters Name Latitude: -3.945777 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-5 Longitude: 39.508078 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.987867 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-6 Longitude: 39.483962 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.99486266 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-7 Longitude: 39.52313375 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.966963 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-8 Longitude: 39.537213 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -3.99480577 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-9 Longitude: 39.48320963 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Latitude: -4.00267161 Displacement (mm), Velocity (mm/s), Acceleration(m/s2), Calculated ML-10 Longitude: 39.50586095 minimum acceleration (m/s2) Several observations were made in the project area:  The current source of vibration is mobility of motorbikes, private motor vehicles and few commercial vehicles along the respective nearby access marram roads.  The maximum displacement value recorded was 0.0094 mm at monitoring site ML-8 while the minimum displacement recorded was 0.00169 mm at survey site ML-7.  The maximum acceleration values recorded were 0.091 mm/s2 at monitoring site ML-8 while the minimum acceleration recorded was 0.002 mm/s2 at survey site ML-7.  The maximum velocity values recorded were 0.90 mm/s at monitoring site ML-8 while the minimum acceleration recorded was 0.12 mm/s at survey site ML-2.  The maximum calculated average acceleration of 59.5 dB (A) was compared against the 60dB (A) limits and found to comply with the EMC excessive noise and Vibration regulation 2009 while the minimum calculated average acceleration of 44.56 m/s2 also complied with EMC excessive noise and Vibration regulation 2009. The average calculated acceleration against the EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 shown that all the ten survey locations complied with regulatory guidelines. A maximum calculated average acceleration of 59.5 dB (A) was obtained at monitoring site ML-8 whereas the minimum calculated average acceleration of 44.56 dB (A) was recorded at survey site ML-7. This acceleration level, recorded at the survey location ML-8, was as a result of regular movement of commercial vehicles, personal vehicles, tuk tuks and motorbikes. The average measured displacement against the EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 indicated all the survey locations notably exceed the regulatory guidelines. The maximum displacement value recorded was 0.0094 mm at monitoring site ML-8 while the minimum displacement recorded was 0.00169 mm at survey site ML-7. Routine movement of commercial vehicles, personal vehicles and tuk tuks influenced the displacement levels. The average measured velocity against the EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 implied that all the ten survey locations were conspicuously lower than the regulatory guidelines hence compliant. Movement of commercial vehicles, personal vehicles and tuk tuks influenced the velocity levels. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 52 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 6-12: Vibration Measurement Results acceleration (db) Displacement (mm) Acceleration (m/s2) Velocity (mm/s) =20*LOG(A/Ao) Time (Hrs) MONITORING Observations LOCATIONS Calculated minimum A0 = 10^-5 Movement of personal ML-1 1130 -1145 0.024 0.20 0.00200 46.02 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-2 1230 - 1245 0.018 0.12 0.0019 45.7 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-3 1300 - 1315 0.011 0.26 0.00320 50.10 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-4 1335 -1350 0.024 0.25 0.00203 46.15 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-5 1430 - 1445 0.040 0.40 0.00418 52.42 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-6 1518 - 1533 0.040 0.47 0.00305 49.69 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-7 1115 - 1130 0.002 0.14 0.00169 44.56 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of commercial ML-8 1241 - 1256 0.091 0.90 0.0094 59.5 vehicles, personal vehicles, tuk tuks & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-9 1346 - 1401 0.020 0.32 0.0028 48.8 vehicles & motorbikes Movement of personal ML-10 1429 - 1444 0.030 0.31 0.0036 51.2 vehicles & motorbikes This baseline vibration emissions measurement study documented the current vibration levels for the proposed project. The average calculated acceleration was compared to the EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 and results depicted that the ten survey locations complied with regulatory guidelines. The calculated acceleration was within the maximum permissible levels at each survey location. Also, the average measured displacement was compared to the EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 and results showed that the ten survey locations exceeded the regulatory guidelines before commencement of any proposed project activities. The displacement values exceeded the maximum permissible levels at each survey location. Lastly, the average measured velocities were compared with EMC (noise and excessive vibration regulations) 2009 and results revealed that the ten survey locations complied with regulatory guidelines. The measured velocities were within the maximum permissible levels at each survey location. The existing identifiable sources of vibration before commencement of the proposed projects included commercial vehicles, personal vehicles, tuk tuks and motorbikes accessing the residences through the respective marram feeder roads. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 53 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Mitigation  Siting noisy plant and equipment as far away as possible from human settlement, and use of barriers (e.g., site huts, acoustic sheds or partitions) to reduce the level of construction noise at receptors wherever practicable;  Where practicable noisy equipment will be orientated to face away from the nearest human settlement and other receptors;  Working hours for significant noise generating construction work (including works required to upgrade existing access roads ), will be daytime only;  Alternatives to diesel and petrol engines and pneumatic units, such as hydraulic or electric - controlled units, will be used, where practicable;  Where practicable, stationary equipment will be located in an acoustically treated enclosure;  For machines with fitted enclosures, doors and door seals will be checked to ensure they are in good working order; also, that the doors close properly against the seals;  Throttle settings will be reduced and equipment and plant turned off, when not being used;  Equipment will be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure it is in good working order. The condition of mufflers will also be checked; and fitting of mufflers or silencers of the type recommended by manufacturers. 6.4.2 Impact on Biological Resources and Receptors Flora and Fauna Baseline Flora of the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Site is influenced by the Mwache Forest which is adjacent to the site. However, specific site exhibits Arid and Semi-Arid (ASAL) characteristics. In terms of Agro-ecological zone classification, the site is located within Agro Ecological Zones (AEZ) three. Vegetation cover observed include various species of acacia Sp. Acacia ssp, Diospyros ssp, Cynometra-Manilkara type and Euphorbia bushland, other exotic trees include Tamarind tree, Neem tree, Flame Tree. Impact The Project activities will not directly interphase with the above discussed Flora and Fauna and therefore the impact is assessed to be minimal, occasionally triggered by invasion by non-native plant species. Loss of plant communities may also result in soil erosion or compaction. The loose soil material may also be washed down into the lower areas (streams and valleys). Mitigation The following standard mitigation measures will be employed  Ensure proper demarcation and delineation of the project area to be affected by construction works;  It is recommended that indigenous trees or other fast-growing trees be planted in strategic locations where the vegetation cover will be cleared as part of landscaping initiatives;  Compensatory planting of trees i.e. plant at least twice the number of affected trees  The use of existing cleared or disturbed areas for the Contractor’s Camp, stockpiling of materials etc. shall be encouraged.  Whenever possible, all damaged areas shall be reinstated and rehabilitated upon completion of the contract to as near pre-construction conditions as possible.  Reinstatement of temporary construction sites and pioneer camps (if needed) should be done as swiftly as possible and always with suitable native grasses and other plants ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 54 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 6.4.3 Impact on Social Resources and Receptors Workers and Community Health Safety Baseline The settlements adjacent to Mwache Dam have been compensated and relocated away from the Project area. Therefore not settlement is anticipated to be impacted by air quality pollution associated with dust and particulate matter. However, construction workers and Community members living in adjacent villages (Mwatate, Mataa, Gandini, Mwavumbo, Fulugani and Mazeras ) during Project construction phase might be impacted by risks related to Health and Safety Impact Assessment During construction there will be an increase in traffic movements of heavy machinery and light vehicles on roads within the project area. This will include, pipe delivery trucks, cement trucks, transport of construction material, excavation machinery, etc. which is expected to increase the risk of road traffic accidents and potential injuries or fatalities to other road users. Also, open un -barricaded trenches or without warning tapes could fill up with water during rainy seasons and expose the community to the risk of drowning as well as trip and fall. Mitigation The following mitigation measures will be implemented during the construction phase to reduce any impacts on community health and safety.  To reduce on the workers accidents and hazards, Contractor will develop and monitor implementation of a Community Health and Safety Management Plan (CHSMP) which will include the following measures:  Workers will be provided with suitable PPEs to avoid cuts on the feet, hands and head during the course of duty. These include helmets, gloves, safety boots overalls, face masks and ear plugs in dusty and noise activities;  Provision of adequate sanitary facilities to workers, separate for either gender.  Train all workers on Safety Health and Environment (SHE) with an aim of improving awareness;  The workers or their representatives will be trained on first aid and provided with first aid kits  Trenches as provided by design will be vary depending on the elevation of work section, therefore any trench over 1.5m deep will be secured against accidental entry by workers and the public using barriers and warning tapes. Additionally, the contractor will put in place measures that will contain trench collapse risk such as battering or benching  The contractor will install appropriate safety signage along the work areas;  Emergencies: the workers should be provided with emergency telephone numbers to request for assistance at any time of accident  Where construction activities interfere with the movement of traffic, appropriate signage will be installed and controlled by trained flagmen/flag women and lit by night.  Public awareness/Training for first aid providers/divers Gender Based violence and Sexual Harassment GBV constitutes acts of gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, penalties and/or termination of employment. All forms of GBV including grooming are unacceptable be it on the work site, the work site surroundings, or at workers’ camps. Pro secution of those who commit the offence to be pursued. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 55 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA This impact triggered during Project Construction Phase is likely to occur. Therefore, below listed provisions are provided will be in cooperated in the Code of Conduct (CoC) to be signed by all project workers in order to mitigate against such GBV related Project induced impacts. Mitigation Measures  The contractor will mainstream Gender Inclusivity in hiring of workers and entire Project Management as required by Gender Policy 2011 and 2/3 Gender Rule.  The existing community structures headed by location chiefs should be involved in local labour hire, emphasize the requirement of hiring women, youth and people with disability and VMGs.  Treat women and children (persons under the age of 18) with respect regardless of race, color, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.  Do not use language or behaviour towards women or children that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate.  Sexual activity with children under 18 —including through digital media is prohibited. Mistaken belief regarding the age of a child and consent from the child is not a defense.  Exchange of money, employment, goods, or services for sex, including sexual favors or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behaviour is prohibited.  Sexual interactions between contractor’s and consultant’s employees at any level and member of the communities surrounding the workplace that are not agreed to with full consent by all parties involved in the sexual act are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the withholding, promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex – such sexual activity is considered “non -consensual” within the scope of this Code.  Where an employee develops concerns or suspicions regarding acts of GBV by a fellow worker, whether in the same contracting firm or not, he or she must report such concerns in accordance with Standard Reporting Procedures.  All employees are required to attend an induction-training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure they are familiar with the GBV Code of Conduct.  All employees must attend a mandatory training course once a month for the duration of the contract starting from the first induction training prior to commencement of work to reinforce the understanding of the institutional GBV Code of Conduct. Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) This impact refers to sexual exploitation and abuse committed by Project staff against communities and represents a risk at all stages of the Project, especially when employees and community members are not clear about prohibitions against SEA in the Project. Mitigation Measures  Develop and implement a SEA action plan with an Accountability and Response Framework as part of the C-ESMP. The SEA action plan will follow guidance on the World Bank’s Good Practice Note for Addressing Gender-based Violence in Investment Project Financing involving Major Civil Works (Sept 2018).  Prevention of SEA: including COCs and ongoing sensitization of staff on responsibilities related to the COC and consequences of non-compliance; project-level IEC materials;  Response to SEA: including survivor-centered coordinated multi-sectoral referral and assistance to complainants according to standard operating procedures; staff reporting mechanisms; written procedures related to case oversight, investigation and disciplinary procedures at the project level, including confidential data management; ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 56 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA  Engagement with the community: including development of confidential community-based complaints mechanisms discrete from the standard GRM; mainstreaming of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) awareness-raising in all community engagement activities; community-level IEC materials; regular community outreach to women and girls about social risks and their SEA-related rights;  Management and Coordination: including integration of SEA in job descriptions, employments contracts, performance appraisal systems, etc.; development of contract policies related to SEA, including whistle-blower protection and investigation and disciplinary procedures; training for all project management; management of coordination mechanism for case oversight, investigations and disciplinary procedures; supervision of dedicated PSEA focal points in the project and trained community liaison officers. 6.5 OPERATION PHASE NEGATIVE IMPACTS 6.5.1 Permits and Licenses Required The Plant Operator (CWWDA) will apply and secure below listed permits in Table 6.13 before commissioning of the Water Treatment Plant Table 6.13: Permits and Licenses Required PERMIT REQUIREMENT RELEVANT REGULATION / RULE Approval, WTP Operator (CWWDA) will apply and renew Water Rules 2007: Part II - Approval, Authorization and water Abstraction permit for Mwache Water Authorization and Permits Permits Treatment (WTP) Plant from Water Resources Authority (WRA), activities are listed under the Sixth Schedule of the Rules. Control of Mwache Water Treatment Plant PDR has provided Water Rules 2007: Part V Water Pollution and for appropriate handling of sludge as summarized in Quality Monitoring and Effluent Water Quality sub section 5.5.3 below. Additionally, procurement Discharge Requirements of reagent will be done in batches with enough doses to eliminate the risk of some of the reagent expiring therefore requiring disposal. Water Use A master meter will be installed at the raw water PART VIII - Water Use Charges Charges inlet chamber to measure the water abstraction volume for the purpose of calculating amount due for payment of water services to Water Resources Authority (WRA 6.5.2 Management of Backwash Water from the WTP Filtration acts as the final step in the removal of suspended matter and protozoa in Water Treatment Plants. The accumulated residue is removed during the backwash process and any subsequent recycling of filter backwash water could potentially re-introduce these contaminants into the main treatment process. By separating the filter backwash water from the main treatment process, factors that could interfere with the integrity of the primary treatment barriers, will be eliminated. Treatment an d recovery of the filter backwash water would be beneficial in terms of water reuse, by replacing a proportion of the freshwater demand. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 57 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA For Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) the PDR provides for; filter backwash, Wash water pumps and air blowers and Wash Water Supply Tank. The PDR provides that this tank is part of the treated water tank, separated from it by a wall. The UV disinfected water goes first to the wash water supply tank and when it is full, the overflow goes to the rest of the tank. The injection of chlorine occurs after this tank. In this way the water used for the filter washing is disinfected only by UV. 6.5.3 Erosion Control at Washouts The Project design provides for construction of a concrete chamber filled with stone at the washout chambers that reduces that corrosion effected of water before that water drains into the storm water channels , this measure will control erosion of soils at the outfalls of the washout valves along the raw water transmission pipeline from the dam outlet to the WTP . . This measure will significantly reduce back wash water pressure ultimately eliminating corrosion impact of the back wash outfall that would have otherwise eroded soil. 6.5.4 Sludge Management Surface water treatment for potable supplies typically involves coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration processes for removing colloidal as well as suspended solids from raw water. All Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) produce waste/residue known as Water Treatment Sludge (WTS) during the purification of raw water. Sludge if not properly managed can result to below listed impacts  Sludge can contain pollutants that accumulate in the environment and contaminate soil, water  Disease: Open dumping of sludge can cause disease outbreaks. The PDR provides that for Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP), sludge will be generated mainly from flotation and filters backwash. The PDR provides that sludge coming from fine screening has been considered as negligible. The sludge from the clarifiers is sent to two conventional static thickeners. The extracted sludge, at the average concentration of 3 g/l of SS is thickened up to 15 g/l, using a polymer as flocculant. Thickeners are circular in shape, fitted with a rotary mechanism with scrapers in the bottom and a picket fence. The very slow rotation helps for the releasing of the interstitial water of the sludge and pushes the sludge down into the sludge hopper for the extraction pumping. The overflow is discharged to the dam. The drying beds achieve the dewatering of the sludge, allowing an easy handling and evacuation. The drying beds are made of:  A first layer of gravel including the drains, 15 cm.  A second layer of sand for the filtration, 20 cm. The operation comprises:  A first phase of filling, about 20 days, meanwhile part of the volume is eliminated by overflow, after settling of the sludge. At this end of this period, the filling is stopped. Other beds are required to continue the treatment.  A second phase, with a variable duration, depending on the weather conditions, for the atmospheric drying of the sludge. After the drying period, the dry solid content can reach 40% with good conditions. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 58 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA The envisaged sludge accumulation rate will be approx. 1290 ton per year. The sludge will be sold off to fertilizer manufactures or disposed off into a sanitary landfill to be constructed on site 6.5.5 Management of Reagents at the WTP Analysis of Reagent on Site During operation of the WTP is summarized in Table 6.14 below. Table 6.14: Management of Reagents on Site Reagent Details 3 Aluminium sulphate Aluminium sulphate is used to remove organic compounds from wastewater and potable water, the chemical encourages small particles to cling to larger particles in water. When the large particles are filtered out, much of the aluminium sulphate goes with them. While aluminium sulphate can't remove pathogens or bacteria, the coagulation process reduces the presence of dissolved substances in water, which means less chlorine is needed for disinfection. The product is used in its powder form and stored in big bags. The product is dissolved in a tank by stirring. The tank is made of High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene PP because of the acidity of the solution. All injection pipes will be double-skinned. Sulphuric Acid4 The product is used in its liquid form and delivered by tanker on site. The acid is stored in a tank made of HDPE or PP because of the acidity of the solution. All injection pipes will be double-skinned. Polyelectrolyte or Polymer is required for sludge thickening. The product is used in its powdered Polymer5 form and stored with bags. The preparation is done by automatic unit. The preparation will be made in continuous manner controlled by the plant operator . The injection will be at the entrance of flocculators. Calcium The calcium hypochlorite is stored in the form of powder. It is prepared when hypochlorite6 needed by dissolution in a tank with agitator Hydrated Lime7 Hydrated lime will be stored in the form of powder. It is prepared when needed by dissolution in a tank with agitator All the reagent listed above can be harmful to humans, causing severe burns if it touches bare skin and irritation and coughing if inhaled For Mwache Water Treatment Plant, PDR has provided for a well ventilated and proper lighting chemical storage house. Further, personnel handling the reagents will be trained on the properties of each reagent and the handling requirements, and will be provided with appropriate PPEs such as gloves, nose masks and googles to protect them from the chemicals. Also, procurement of reagent will be done in batches with enough doses to eliminate the risk of some of the reagent expiring before use therefore requiring to be disposed off . 3 Aluminum sulfate is also known as filter alum or dialuminium trisulphate. It is noncombustible and nontoxic, but it can be irritating to the skin and eyes, and mildly dangerous if swallowed. It can also be harmful to the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal trac 4 Sulfuric acid is acolorless oily liquid. It is soluble in water with release of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue. It will char wood and most other organic matter on contact, but is unlikely to cause a fire 5 Polyelectrolyte is a type of polymer with positive or negative charges on its repeating units, and may dissociate in water or lower alcohol, forming a charged polyion surrounded by an atmosphere of small, mobile counter ions 6 Calcium hypochlorite is generally available as a white powder, pellets, or flat plates. It decomposes readily in water or when heated, releasing oxygen and chlorine. It has a strong chlorine odor, but odor may not provide an adequate warning of hazardous concentrations 7 Lime is an inorganic material composed primarily of calcium oxides and hydroxides. It is also the name for calcium oxide which occurs as a product of coal-seam ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 59 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Reagents Handling Arrangements  Wear protective equipment: Wear approved personal protective equipment (PPE), inclu ding impervious clothing, gloves, goggles, and footwear. Do not wear contact lenses.  Use in well-ventilated areas: Only use aluminum sulfate outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.  Avoid inhalation: Do not breathe dust, fumes, mist, or vapors. If using a respirator, only use one that is NIOSH approved and has a P95 filter.  Take precautions against static discharge: Ground or bond the container and receiving equipment.  Wash hands: Wash your hands after use.  Avoid food and drink: Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas. Keep food and drink away from chemicals.  Store properly: Store chemical containers with closed lids when not in use.  Clean up spills: If aluminum sulfate is spilled, sweep or shovel up dry spills and place in a covered container. Wash down residue with large amounts of water.  Dispose of properly: Collect and seal in properly labelled containers or drums for disposal 6.5.6 Sewerage Management on Site The Environment License issued for the Project provided that the Proponent shall ensure that all wastewater is disposed as provided by Water Quality Regulation of 2006. The PDR has provided construction of a septic tank which will collect sewage from toilet facilities at staff houses and toilets within the water treatment plant for treatment and safe disposal. 6.5.7 Fencing of the Water Treatment Plant Securing the Water Treatment Plant is an important measure of ensuring safety of the water supplied to the community and elimination of incidences related to livestock and human drowning in the sedimentation tanks. For Mwache Water Treatment Plant, fencing of the facilities is among the site Auxiliary activities of the Project provided in the PDR. 6.5.8 Aesthetic and Hygiene The assessment provides that the WTP shall be well maintained, the lawns will be well moored and foot path within the Treatment Plant kept free from dead plant biomass. Further, the Plant Operator (CWWDA) will contract a cleaning firm that ensures that the Water Treatment Facilities are well maintained in terms of Aesthetics and Hygiene 6.5.9 Afforestation Program The Water Rules 2007, Part (ix) on Conservation of Riparian and Catchment Areas regulation 120.(1) provides that for the purposes of conserving the catchments and riparian areas, the authority may by order or state as a condition on an authorization or permit, require a person to prepare and conform to a Soil and Water Conservation Plan (SWCP). In compliance with this regulation, a forestation program in liaison with Kenya Forest Services (KFS) will be initiated within the WTP and dam peripheries. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 60 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN (ESMP) 7.1 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF ESMP The specific objectives of the ESMP are to:  Serve as a commitment and reference for the Contractor to implement the ESMP including conditions of approval by NEMA.  Serve as a guiding document for the environmental and social monitoring activities during construction and operation of the Water Treatment Plant (WTP).  Provide detailed specifications for the management and mitigation of activities that have the potential to impact negatively on the environment, health and safety of workers and community.  Provide instructions to relevant project personnel regarding procedures for protecting the environment and minimizing environmental effects, thereby supporting the operator’s goal of minimal or zero incidents.  Document environmental concerns and appropriate protection measures while ensuring that appropriate actions are completed promptly. 7.2 ESMP DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE WTP The Environmental, Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMP) prepared for proposed Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is presented in Table 7.1. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 61 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 7.1: Environment and Social Management Monitoring Plan during Construction of WTP RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) Impacts on ● Site activities such as excavations ● Water containing pollutants such as concrete or Contractor ● State of natural storm Preliminary Sum Water and levelling could result to chemicals should be directed to a conservancy tank for water drainage of Ksh 500,000 to Resource loosening of soils that could result removal from the site where applicable channels, parameters be allowed for to sedimentation and siltation of ● Potential pollutants of any kind and form shall be kept, to be checked include. water pollution storm water drainage channels stored and used in such a manner that any escape can BoDm TSS, TDS, control and eventually into seasonal be contained colour, pH Streams the drain runoff from the ● In case of any form of pollution the contractor should conductivity among WTP notify the Resident Engineer (RE) others ● Un-serviced plant and equipment ● Wash areas shall be placed and constructed in such a ● Quality of water on site could result to oils and fuels manner so as to ensure that the surrounding areas flowing within leaks that could contaminate including groundwater are not polluted seasonal Streams that water resources rising the BoD and ● No grey water runoff or uncontrolled discharges from drain runoff from the adversely affecting aquatic the site or working areas to any adjacent Storm water WTP the monitoring organism in seasonal Streams. channels . frequency shall be quarterly for a period of 2years Impacts on ● Soil include erosion resulting from ● Vegetation clearing and topsoil disturbance will be Contractor ● State of natural storm Preliminary Sum Soil Resource activities such as excavation and minimized. water drainage of Ksh 500,000 to levelling, clearing of vegetation for ● Contour temporary and permanent access roads / channels be allowed for infrastructure such as access laydown areas so as to minimize surface water runoff ● Quality of water soil erosion roads, laydown areas and and erosion. flowing within control construction zones ● Sheet and rill erosion of soil shall be prevented where seasonal Streams ● Soil contamination as a result of necessary through the use of sand bags, diversion possible oil and fuel leaks from un berms, culverts, or other physical means. serviced plant and equipment on ● Topsoil shall be stockpiled separate from subsoil. site. Stockpiles shall not exceed 2 m height, shall be located away from drainage lines, shall be protected from rain and wind erosion, and shall not be contaminated. ● Wherever possible construction work will take place during the dry season. ● Topsoil shall be evenly spread across the cleared areas when reinstated. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 62 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) ● Accelerated erosion from storm events during construction shall be minimized through managing storm water runoff (e.g., velocity control measures). ● Soil backfilled into excavations shall be replaced in the order of removal in order to preserve the soil profile. ● Spread mulch generated from indigenous cleared vegetation across exposed soils after construction ● At construction stage, the contractor will prepare Specific Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP) which will include among other; Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan and Waste Management Plan. Impacts on Air ● Emissions of oxides of nitrogen As general measures for all locations: Contractor ● Compliance level Preliminary Sum Quality (NO2 in particular) mainly from ● Develop a Dust Management Plan (DMP); against the Dust of Ksh 500,000 construction-related vehicles (and ● Record all dust and air quality complaints, identify Management Plan to be allowed for to a lesser degree from cause(s), take appropriate measures; ● Services and air pollution construction generators and other ● Liaise with local communities to forewarn of potentially inspection reports of control hydrocarbon powered dusty activities; plant and equipment equipment); and ● Undertake monitoring close to dusty activities, noting ● Air quality monitoring ● Dust and particulate matter (as that this may be daily visual inspections, or report findings that PM10) created by construction- passive/active monitoring as parameter detail levels of PM10 related vehicle traffic on unpaved ● Undertake inspections to ensure compliance with the and 2.5, Sox, NO, and roads. Dust Management Plan; O3 from vehicles and ● Plan potentially dusty activities so that these are located machinery on site, as far from receptors as feasible; motoring will be done ● Erect solid screens if feasible around stockpiles and quarterly for period of concrete batching; 2 years ● Avoid run off of mud and water and maintain drains in a ● Number of complaints clean state; from community ● Remove dusty materials from site as soon as possible if related to dust not being re-used. If being re-used, cover or vegetate if menace possible; ● Impose speed limits on haul routes and in construction ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 63 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) compounds to reduce dust generation; ● Minimize drop heights when loading stockpiles or transferring materials; and ● Avoid waste or vegetation burning. For traffic on unpaved roads: ● Undertake watering to attenuate dust near sensitive receptors. The duration and frequency of this should be set out in the Dust Management Plan and will consider water availability and any stakeholder grievances; and ● On unpaved roads in use for more than 1 month, consider use of surface and sealants to reduce the use of water and water trucks. Use of lignin-based sealants recommended due to low environmental toxicity. For excavations and levelling ● Revegetate exposed areas as soon as feasible; ● Revegetate or cover stockpiles if feasible; ● Expose the minimum area required for the works, and undertake; and exposure on a staged basis to minimize dust blow. Noise and Construction activities and equipment ● Siting noisy plant and equipment as far away as possible Contractor Noise and excessive Preliminary Sum Vibrations are not expected to result in significant from human settlement, and use of barriers (e.g., site vibrations at identified of Ksh 250,000 Impacts levels of vibration. Equipment that huts, acoustic sheds or partitions) to reduce the level of locations around the WTP to be allowed for might cause high levels of vibration construction noise at receptors wherever practicable; on a quarterly basis for a noise and (such as impact piling or vibratory ● Where practicable noisy equipment will be orientated period of 2 years excessive compaction) will not be used to face away from the nearest Human settlement and vibrations other receptors; control ● Working hours for significant noise generating construction work (including works required to upgrade existing access roads or create new ones), will be daytime only; ● Alternatives to diesel and petrol engines and pneumatic units, such as hydraulic or electric-controlled units, will be used, where practicable; ● Where practicable, stationary equipment will be located ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 64 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) in an acoustically treated enclosure; ● For machines with fitted enclosures, doors and door seals will be checked to ensure they are in good working order; also, that the doors close properly against the seals; ● Throttle settings will be reduced and equipment and plant turned off, when not being used; ● Equipment will be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure it is in good working order. The condition of mufflers will also be checked; and fitting of mufflers or silencers of the type recommended by manufacturers. Impacts on Stripping of vegetation cover will be on ● Avoidance of impacts should be prioritized. However, if Contractor in ● Number of trees Preliminary Sum vegetation isolated cases only limited the trees and not possible then compensatory planting of trees that liaison with KFS replanted as of Ksh 200,000 to cover will have minimal impact to soil will be cut by the contractor during works will be compensatory trees allowed for structure. undertaken. ● Status of procurement and ● Vegetation shall only be within the affected Project site reinstatement of planting of if the vegetation will not interfere with Project completed sites compensatory construction and/or present a hazard. tree seedling ● Areas to be cleared shall be agreed and demarcated before the start of the clearing operations to minimize exposure. ● The use of existing cleared or disturbed areas for the Contractor’s office, stockpiling of materials etc. shall be encouraged. ● Whenever possible, all damaged areas shall be reinstated and rehabilitated upon completion of the contract to as near pre-construction conditions as possible. ● Rehabilitation of temporary construction sites and pioneer camps (if needed) should be done as swiftly as possible and always with suitable native grasses and other plants Community Increased Project-related traffic, civil ● Contractor will develop and monitor the Contractor ● Number of incidences Preliminary Health Safety works for site preparation including site implementation of a Community Health and Safety recorded on site and Sum of Ksh ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 65 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) and Security clearance and excavation and levelling, Management Plan (CHSMP) as summarized below within communities 1,000,000 to Impacts change to the environment due to  DOSH Licenses – Displayed at Contactors and ● Community allowed for increased noise, decreased air quality, Engineers Offices satisfactory reports addressing inappropriate waste handling or  Health and Safety Personnel on Site including Ing with regards to health Community disposal, and accidental leaks and spills, their CVs and safety health and and the presence of the Project  Traffic Marshalls on site ● Reported and security workforce all present potential hazards  List of the First Aiders and their Certificates addressed grievances impacts for the health and safety of local  Health and Safety Committee – 14 members – on site and from communities evidence of Health and Safety Committee communities meetings  Training undertaken by Contractor – Basic First Aid, OHS training, let’s have records  Labour Register- segregated by Gender and PLWD signed by RE and Site agent  Copy of Signed Code of Conduct with attached ID of all workers  PPE Register, signed by Site agent and RE  Signages, Barricaded and Warning tapes registers and fully installed on sites where we have active works  Evidence of Sanitation facilities on site (active worksites) separate for male and female workers  MoU / receipts for the Hospitals that the contractor has arrangements to handle emergency at the site  Contracted Service provider for Waste Handling (Copy of license or Payment receipt),  Up to date GRM Logs,  Up to date Accident Logs including all minor first aid administered  Emergency Notice board / contact numbers  PPE register / Record of issuance by the contractors, PPE Policy  Tool Box Induction Records, ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 66 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.)  Health and Safety, GBVA / Child Labor Policies displayed at Campsite and RE office,  Due diligence - Licenses and permits acquired for the materials supply sites.  HIV AIDS Awareness Training Plan and Records, and  Status of Fire Preparedness at sites ● Contractor will develop Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) in cooperation with local emergency authorities and hospitals as summarized below  MoU / receipts for the Hospitals that the contractor has arrangements to handle emergency at the site  Emergency Notice board / contact numbers  Status of Fire Preparedness at sites ● Contractor will extend the Worker Code of Conduct to include guidelines on worker –community interactions and will provide training on the worker code of conduct to all employees including drivers as part of the induction process. ● Contractor will provide primary health care and first aid at construction office sites to avoid pressure on local healthcare infrastructures. ● Contractor will implement a Community Grievance Mechanism. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Traffic Management Plan covering aspects such as  vehicle safety to be documented in the inspection reports by National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA),  Driver and passenger behaviour to be included in the CoC for all drivers  Use of drugs and alcohol to be included in the ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 67 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) ESHS trainings  operating hours as per the Environment license 8am to 5pm  rest periods between 1p, to 2pm  community education on traffic safety and a  Accident reporting and investigations as provided by ESIRT. Worker Workers’ rights including occupational ● Contractor will develop a Human Resources Policy, Contractor ● Number of incidences Preliminary Sum Health and health and safety need to be considered which will outline worker rights to be included in all recorded on site and of Ksh 1,500,000 Safety and to avoid accidents and injuries, loss of contracts including restrictions on working hours in line within workers to allowed for Workers man-hours, labour abuses and to ensure with applicable ILO standards, compensation including ● Workers satisfactory addressing Management fair treatment, remuneration and consideration of overtime, holidays etc. contractor will reports with regards Worker’s health impacts working conditions. These issues should require its subcontractors to put in place policies in line to health and safety and security be considered not only for those who with national legislation and applicable international ● Reported and impacts are directly employed on the Project. legislation and contractor Code of Conduct and Policies. addressed grievances ● Contractor will establish contractual clauses (signed on site and from The Project could potentially lead to code of conduct) to be embedded in the contracts of the workers workforce-related social and health workers and sub-contractors that require adherence to ● Signed code of issues throughout the life cycle of the Kenyan law and international standards to be upheld conduct Project if worker management and related to worker rights. ● Number of H&S rights do not meet Kenyan law or ● Contractor will prohibit the use of alcohol or drugs, trainings; international best practice. which could adversely affect the ability the employee to ● Number and perform the work safely or adversely affect the health frequency of toolbox and safety of other employees, community members or talks; the environment. ● Number and adequacy ● Contractor sub contractors contractors will assess the of PPE; H&S risks related with the tasks to be performed during ● Number of audits and the construction phase. inspections ● Pre-employment medical assessments will be put in undertaken; place as a workforce risk management tool to screen ● permits obtained individuals for risk factors that may limit their ability to perform a job safely and effectively. Expected benefits of conducting pre-employment medical assessments include a safer working environment, reduction in ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 68 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) workplace injuries, minimized downtime, matching the capacity of the employee with the role, and overall recruitment cost and risk reduction. ● Contractor will ensure that training on health and safety measures is provided to all construction workers prior to starting to work on the Project and that supervisors have adequate experience to deliver on their responsibilities. ● Contractor will implement regular health and safety checks and audits of workers, and subcontractors and implementing sanctions in case of breaches of national standards and the Project’s specific standards. Such audits to include workplace H&S; worker contracts, working hours, pay and conditions; housing and food standards. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Workers Grievance Mechanism for the Project workforce including workers and subcontractors. ● Contractor will establish a procedure for the recording and analysis of incidents and lessons learned such that additional actions can be implemented to avoid or minimize occupational health and safety risks. ● Contractor will ensure that facilities and work sites are designed and maintained such that robust barriers are in place to prevent accidents. ● Contractor will ensure that its Code of Conduct is followed to regulate the performance and behaviour of all workers, including provision for disciplinary action for anti-social behaviour and non-compliance with health and safety regulations ● Contractor will ensure that IFC/World Bank Health and Safety guidelines regarding the construction and management of worker accommodation and the provisions of medical facilities at worker accommodation are followed. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 69 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) ● Contractor will ensure that adequate clean water, adequate food and access to medical care is provided to all workers on the worksite and at accommodation. ● Contractor will develop and implement a Traffic Management Plan covering aspects such as vehicle safety, driver and passenger behaviour, use of drugs and alcohol, operating hours, rest periods, community education on traffic safety and accident reporting and investigations. ● Contractor will develop a Waste Management Plan for the construction phase with clear guidelines for the safe storage and disposal of hazardous waste and handling of hazardous materials. Gender-based violence and Sexual ● Ensure clear human resources policy against sexual Contractor ● Mitigation plan for 1,000,000 for Harassment harassment that is aligned with national law GBV occurring at the SEAH ● Integrate provisions related to sexual harassment in community level as a the employee COC result of project ● Ensure appointed human resources personnel to implementation manage reports of sexual harassment according to ● Number of GBV cases policy happening at the ● The Contractor shall require his employees, sub- community level that contractors, and any personnel thereof engaged in receive survivor- construction works to individually sign and comply with centered referral and a Code of Conduct with specific provisions on protection care from sexual exploitation and abuse ● The contractor will implement provisions that ensure that gender-based violence at the community level is not triggered by the Project, including: - effective and on-going community engagement and consultation, particularly with women and girls; - Review of specific project components that are known to heighten GBV risk at the community level, e.g., compensation schemes; employment schemes for women; etc. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 70 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) ● the contractor shall develop specific plan for mitigating these known risks, e.g., sensitization around gender- equitable approaches to compensation and employment; etc. ● The contractor will ensure adequate referral mechanisms are in place if a case of GBV at the community level ● Procure the services of an expert to prepare the GBV / SEAH Prevention Plan Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by ● Develop and implement a SEA action plan with an ● SEA Action Plan Ksh 500,000 project workers against community Accountability and Response Framework as part of the ● Code of Conduct members C-ESMP. The SEA action plan will follow guidance on the ● Number of staff World Bank’s Good Practice Note for Addressing Gender- trainings based Violence in Investment Project Financing involving ● SEA FP Major Civil Works (Sept 2018). ● Community Liaison ● The SEA action plan will include how the project will trained in PSEA ensure necessary steps are in place for: ● IEC materials for - Prevention of SEA: including COCs and ongoing workers sites and sensitization of staff on responsibilities related to the community COC and consequences of non-compliance; project- ● Discrete SEA reporting level IEC materials; pathway - Response to SEA: including survivor-centered ● Relevant policies, e.g., coordinated multi-sectoral referral and assistance to investigations and complainants according to standard operating discipline and whistle procedures; staff reporting mechanisms; written blower protection procedures related to case oversight, investigation ● Monthly minutes from and disciplinary procedures at the project level, SEA coordination including confidential data management; meetings - Engagement with the community: including development of confidential community-based complaints mechanisms discrete from the standard GRM; mainstreaming of PSEA awareness-raising in all community engagement activities; community-level IEC materials; regular community outreach to ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 71 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA RISK ANTICIPATED IMPACT MITIGATION RESPONSIBILITY MONITORING BUDGET PARAMETER (Kshs.) women and girls about social risks and their PSEA- related rights; ● Management and Coordination: including integration of SEA in job descriptions, employments contracts, performance appraisal systems, etc.; development of contract policies related to SEA, including whistle blower protection and investigation and disciplinary procedures; training for all project management; management of coordination mechanism for case oversight, investigations and disciplinary procedures; supervision of dedicated PSEA focal points in the project and trained community liaison officers. HIV/AIDs Spread of communicable diseases and ● Sensitize workers and the surrounding communities on Contractor and ● Number of cases of Preliminary and HIV/AIDS awareness, prevention and management of HIV/AIDS CWWDA diseases reported General Sum of and sexual health and rights through staff training, ● Rate of absenteeism Ksh 500,000 for awareness campaigns, multimedia and workshops or due to diseases awareness and during community Barazas. ● No of workers trained purchase of ● Use existing clinics to provide VCT services to on HIV/ AIDS condoms construction crew and provision of ARVs for vulnerable ● community members ● Ensure safety of women and girls in provision of VCT services. ● Sub Total ESMP 6,950,000.00 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 72 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 7.3 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS PRE-COMMISSIONING OF THE WTP Occupational health and Safety Ach (OSHA 2007) provides below detailed statutory provisions before commission operation of the WTP. The measures are listed below. (i) Register the Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) as a Workplace with DOSHS as required by OSHA 2007 (ii) Undertake risk assessment, safety and health audit and fire safety audit for the WTP (iii) Prepare safety & health policy, fire safety policy and environment policy for the WTP (iv) Establish Health and Safety Committee (HSC) for WTP and train members of the committee on; - Statutory fire marshal training - Statutory first aid training - Statutory safety and health committee training on Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) - Regular provision of personnel at the Treatment Works with Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) The plan presented under Table 7.2 will guide the Plant Operator to conform to the provisions of OSHA pre- commissioning of the WTP. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 73 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 7.2: OSHA 2007 Statutory Provisions Pre-Commissioning of the WTP. Activity Requirement Conformity Measure Monitoring Indicator Responsibility Timelines Budget (Ksh) Registration of the OSHA 2007 requires that any Register the Proposed Mwache Water Availability of Valid WTP Operator Immediate 50,000 Water Treatment workplace with more than 7 Treatment Plant as Workplace with DOSH Registration Certificate (CWWDA) Plant as Works employees should be registered from DOSH Place with DOSH as a workplace Duties Of  Risk Assessment Undertake Risk Assessment, Safety and Health Risk assessment, Health WTP Operator Immediate 100,000 Occupiers (Legal  Safety and Health Audit Audit and Fire Safety Audit for Mwache Water and Safety and Fire ((CWWDA)) Requirements)  Fire Safety Audit Treatment Plant. Safety Reports Management  Initial Environment Audit Management of Policies Required: Prepare Safety & Health Policy, Fire Safety Policy Safety & Health Policy, WTP Operator Immediate Can be done Polices required at  Safety & Health Policy and Environment Policy Mwache Water Fire Safety Policy and ((CWWDA)) internally the Water Works  Fire Safety Policy Treatment Plant. Environment Policy Management  Environment Policy displayed at the T/Works Water Works Training required: Establish of Health and Safety Committee for Existing and Trained WTP Immediate 100,000 Personnel Trainings  Statutory: Fire marshal Mwache Water Treatment Plant and train them Health and Safety Operator((CWWDA)) Required training on; Committee Management  Statutory Fire marshal training Training required:  Statutory First Aid Training  Statutory: First Aid Training  Statutory Safety and Health Committee Training required: training on Occupational Health and  Statutory: Safety and Health Safety (OSH) Committee  Regular provision of personnel at the T/Works with Appropriate (PPEs) ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 74 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 7.4 STATUTORY COMPLAINCE MEASURES DURING OPERATION OF THE WTP At operation stage, the WTP Operator ((CWWDA)) will ensure the following measures are implemented during operation of the WTP. (i) Ensure at any given time that the Water Use Rights Permits required by Water Resources Authority (WRA) for such facilities are annually renewed and valid. (ii) The Water Treatment Operator (CWWDA) will continuously maintain the sludge drying beds and back wash water system and ensure no blockages (iii) The Water Treatment Operator (CWWDA) will ensure the master meter is functioning and flow measurements are collected on a daily basis. (iv) WTP Operator (CWWDA) Management will continuously promote reforestation programs with company operations (v) WTP Operator (CWWDA) Management will regular inspection of the Water Pipeline wayleave, WTP and Dam peripheries and ensure the way leave is free from encroachment. Table 7.3 presents the statutory compliance measures proposed during operation phase of the WTP. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 75 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Table 7.3: Statutory Compliance Measures during Operation of the WTP Activity Fields Requirement Relevant Act (Clauses ) Continuous Improvement Responsibility Timelines Budget (Ksh) Measure Approval, Authorization WTP Operator (CWWDA) should apply and renew Water Rules 2007: Part II - Ensure at any given time WTP Operator Annually Operation and Permits water Abstraction permit for Mwache Water Approval, Authorization that the Water Use Rights (CWWDA)Man funds Treatment Plant from WRA, and Permits Permits from WRA are valid agement Control of Pollution and Management of Reagents Water Rules 2007: Part V Continuously maintain the WTP Operator Weekly Operation Water Quality For Mwache Water Treatment Plant, PDR has Water Quality Monitoring sludge drying beds and back (CWWDA) funds Requirements provided for a well ventilated and proper lighting and Effluent Discharge was lagoons / continuously Management chemical storage house. Further, personnel unblock blockages handling the reagents will be provided with appropriate PPEs such as gloves, nose masks and googles to protect them from the chemical. Also, procurement of reagent will be done in batches with enough doses to eliminate the risk of some of the reagent expiring therefore requiring disposal. Management of Sludge Water Rules 2007: Part V Continuously maintain the WTP Weekly Operation PDR provides for sludge drying beds, the beds Water Quality Monitoring sludge drying beds and back Operator(CW funds provide allow for sludge dewatering and allow for and Effluent Discharge was lagoons / continuously WDA) easy handling and evacuation unblock blockages Management Water Use Charges A master meter has been installed at the raw water PART VIII - Water Use Ensure the master meter is WTP Operator Daily Operation inlet chamber to measure the water abstraction Charges functioning and flow (CWWDA)Man funds volume for the purpose of calculating amount due measurements are agement for payment of water services to Water Resources collected Authority (WRA) Conservation of Riparian The Water Rules 2007, Part ix on Conservation of PART IX - Conservation of Continuously promote WTP Operator Annually Operation Riparian and Catchment Areas regulation 120.(1) Riparian And Catchment reforestation programs (CWWDA) funds provides that for the purposes of conserving the Areas with company operations Management catchments and riparian areas, the authority may by order or state as a condition on an authorization or permit, require a person to prepare and conform to a Soil and Water Conservation Plan (SWCP). In compliance with this regulation, a forestation program in liaison with Kenya Forest Services (KFS) will be initiated within the WTP and dam peripheries. WTP Operator will upscale this initiative after commissioning of the Plant. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 76 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA 8. FINDINGS AND PROVISIONS 8.1 FINDINGS A summary of ESIA Addendum conclusion is presented below.  The Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation through the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilience Project (KWSCRP) (2016) commissioned an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA).  The assessment main focus was on environment and social impacts associated with the Dam and the Lower Check dam.  Further an Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 on 18th September 2018 with a validly of 24 months from date of issuance.  CWWDA has secured funds from AFD towards the cost of constructing Proposed Mwache Water Treatment Plant (WTP) designed to have an output of 186,000 m3/d. The Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 secured for Mwache Dam did not include a component of the WTP  CWWDA has therefore instructed M/S Artelia/MIBP to prepare and Addendum to the ESIA that was done for proposed Mwache Dam and further apply for variation of Environment License to include the WTP Component  The addendum seeks discuses environment and social impacts related to the proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and associated components .  Therefore, this addendum will be used to apply for variation of Mwache Dam Environment License NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 to include additional scope of the WTP and extend license validity for an additional 24 months.  The proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is located within Kasemeni Location of Kinango Sub- County in Kwale County. The site is located within Land acquired under Mwache Dam at GPS Coordinates -3.9703460 and 39.5080290 within Land already acquired under ongoing Mwache Dam Resettlement Program undertaken by National Lands Commission (NLC) on behalf of Project Management Unit (PMU) of the Kenya Water Security and Climate Resilient Project (KWSCRP)  This implies that Land Acquisition as an impact will not be triggered by proposed Water Treatment Plant (WTP)  Through government resettlement program under Mache Dam Project, all Project Affected Persons (PAPs) have been relocated from the site, this implies that no direct socio-economic negative impacts will be triggered to community as a result of construction of the WTP. However, indirect and cumulative impacts to villages outside the WTP site will be triggered as discussed in Chapter 5 of this addendum, such villages include; Mwatate, Mataa, Gandini, Mwavumbo, Fulugani and Mazeras  The addendum has discussed WTP construction impacts on Physical Resources and Receptors including, impacts on water resources, Impacts on Soil Resources, Impacts on Air Quality, Impacts related to noise and excessive vibrations. Further the addendum has discussed impacts on biological resources including fauna and Flora and finally discussed impacts on health and safety to workers and community members including; SEA/SH, GBV and spread of communicable diseases such as HIV and Covid 19.  At operation phase the addendum has discussed pre commissioning statutory requirements to be complied with by Plant Operator ((CWWDA)) including; Approval, Authorization and Permits by WRA, need for Control of Pollution and Water Quality Requirements, Water Use Charges and Conservation of Riparian, Registration of the Water Treatment Plant as Works Place with DOSH, Duties Of Occupiers (Legal Requirements), Management of Polices required at the Water Works and Water Works Personnel Trainings Required ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 77 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA  Finally, operation impacts and mitigation measures have been discussed in relation to management of Backwash Water, Reagents and Sludge from the WTP, management of and domestic sewerage, Erosion Control at Washouts, fencing of the WTP, maintaining Aesthetic and Hygiene and commissioning Afforestation Program 8.2 INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY The responsibility for ensuring that all Environment and Social Provisions of the Project are implemented is provided in Table 8-1 below. Table 8.1: Institutional Responsibility No. Institution Role Capacity 1 AFD The bank will be responsible for the final The Bank has fully review and clearance of environmental and Environment and Social social assessment instruments Safeguards specialist who assist in review of Environment Conduct regular supervision missions to check and Social safeguards on the performance of project and assess its compliance to agreed commitments in the financing agreement 2 Ministry of This is the primary government body The Ministry will provide Water and responsible for the overall policy, regulation, technical guidance on Policy Sanitation and management of water resources in matters throughout project (MWS) Kenya. It oversees the development and implementation stage implementation of water policies, strategies, and regulations. . 3 Ministry of To create an enabling environment by The ministry has local Interior and ensuring peace and security to the people administrative structures that Coordination of and property, maintain a credible national facilitate public consultation National integrated information management system, pre and after Project Government promotion of national cohesion, facilitate administration of justice and provision of correctional services for Kenya's economic development 4 Coast Water Under the Water Act of 2016 the mandate of CWWDA has a functional Works the Agency is to develop and maintain Environment and Social Development sustainable water and sanitation infrastructure development office that will Agency within the Coast region. oversee implementation of (CWWDA) Environment and Social Provisions of the Project 5 Water it is mandated through delegated Authority on The organization will issue Resources behalf of the National government to water use permits to Authority safeguard the right to clean water by ensuring MOWASCO on an annual basis that there is proper regulation of the management and use of water resources, in order to ensure sufficient water for everyone- now and in the future 6 MOWASCO The company has the mandate to providing The WSP will be in charge of cost effective and affordable quality water and operation and maintenance of sanitation services to the residents of the WTP after commissioning Mombasa County ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 78 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA No. Institution Role Capacity 7 National is established under the Environmental NEMA will review and approve Environment Management and Co-ordination Act No. 8 of the ESIA and undertake regular Management 1999 (EMCA) as the principal instrument of monitoring and enforcement Authority Government for the implementation of all of environment provisions (NEMA) policies relating to environment EMCA 1999 8.3 ADDENDUM PROVISIONS The ESIA addendum makes below listed provisions:  The Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP) prepared under this ESIA assessment recommends provision of a budget of Kenya Shillings Six Million, Nine Hundred and Fifty Thousand (Kshs 6,950,000.00)for mitigation of environment and social impacts identified in this Report. The Bid Documents to be prepared for the project should incorporates the Environment, Social provisions discussed herein (Environment and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures).  Project Contract Document to include provisions for the Contractor for preparing and implementing Construction Environment and Social Management Plan (C-EMSP), annexes to the C-EMSP will include but not limited to: Soil and Sedimentation Control Plan, Spoil Management Control Plan, Dust Management Plan, Health, Hygiene and Safety Plan, Labour Management Plan, Child Protection Strategy, Gender-based Violence Action Plan, Waste Management Plan, Contractors Code of Conduct, Gender Inclusivity Strategy , HIV/Aid Prevention Strategy. The contractors will be required to engage services of a qualified Environment, Health and Safety Officers and Social Safeguards Officer at the time of Project implementation.  At Project implementation stage, the contractor with approval of the supervising engineer will prepare periodic Environmental and Social Implementation Report. The reports will provide status of implementation of risks & impacts management measures to date from the project start to the end of the reporting period. From an occupational Health and Safety approach, the contractors will ensure they undergo the following; OSH risk assessment, Registration of workplaces, Safety and Health (OSH) Audit, Fitness to work assessment of employees, Training of all workers or workers’ representatives in basic Occupational Safety and Health, Accident and incident reporting, Compensation of injured workers who die or get injured and disabled and Examination of Safety Plants and Equipment.  At Project completion stage, within the Defects Liability Period, Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) will initiate an Initial Environment and Social Audit for the Project as required by EIA/EA Audit Regulations of the year 2003 and subsequent annual self-audits. The Audit will develop an Environment and Social Audit Action Plan (ESAAP) that will be used to track Project Environment and Social Compliance during Project implementation stage. 8.4 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM The grievance redress mechanism will be a 3-tier arrangement as indicated below:  The First Tier will allow for amicable review and settlement of the grievance at the village level with assistance of the village elders and the ‘Nyumba Kumi’ representative members who will discuss and agree on amicable resolutions. This level is called the Village Grievance Redress Committee (VGRC).  The Second Tier will involve the Project Team from CWWDA and Local Administration in case the grievance cannot be solved at the first level.  The Third Tier will be the option of allowing the grieved party to seek redress at the court of law. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 79 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Levels I and II are costs free. The legal redress option, however, may incur some costs for the parties involved. Grievance Redress Steps The procedure of receiving and resolution of complaints is summarized in Table 8.2 Table 8.2: Grievance Redress Steps STEPS GRIEVANCE REDRESS STEPS DETAILS Step 1: Receipt of A verbal or written complaint from a PAP or community member will be complaint/grievance received by the Grievance Officer (GO) on behalf of the First Tier Step 2: Determination of If in their judgment, the grievance can be solved at this stage, the GO and VGRC Corrective Action will determine a corrective action in consultation with the aggrieved person. A description of the action, the time frame within which the action is to take place, and the party charged with implementing the action will be recorded in the grievance register Step 3: Meeting with the The proposed corrective action and the time frame in which it is to be complainant implemented will be discussed with the complainant within 14 days of receipt of the grievance. Acceptance of the agreement and corrective action will be documented Step 4: Implementation of Agreed corrective actions will be undertaken by the party agreed by SGRC Corrective Action within the agreed time frame. The date of the completed action will be recorded in the grievance register. Step 5: Verification of corrective To verify satisfaction, the aggrieved person will be approached by the GO and action SGRC to verify that the corrective action has been implemented. A signature of the complainant will be obtained and recorded in the grievance register Grievance Redress Mechanism The Project Team at CWWDA will establish a Village Grievance Redress Committee (VGRC) as detailed through the Three-Tier Grievance Redress Mechanism GRM. Figure 8-1 gives a presentation of the Grievance Redress Mechanism. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 80 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Level 1: VGRC (Comprise of 2 Elders, 1 youth 1 woman Level 2 (Comprise and Local Leader rep). of CWWDA & Registration of the grievance with GO and resolution by SGRC Local (14 days) Administration) Forward findings and recommendations to Resettlement Complainant Implementation YES satisfied with NO (RIC) Committee the outcome Complainant Grievance Final closure satisfied with processing YES outcome by Mediation committee (14 days) NO Level 3 Complainant seeks legal redress Figure 8.1. Grievance Redress Procedure ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 81 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA APPENDICES + ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 PAGE 82 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA APPENDIX 1 - MWACHE DAM ENVIRONMENT LICENSE NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA APPENDIX 2 - APPLICATION FOR VARIATION OF MWACHE DAM ENVIRONMENT LICENSE NEMA/EIA/PSL/5204 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA APPENDIX 3 - LEAD EXPERT’S YEAR 2024 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA APPENDIX 4 - MINUTES OF MEETINGS HELD ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Meeting 1: Gandini Public Participation Meeting ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) AND RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR MWACHE WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE AND TERMINAL RESERVOIRS MINUTES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION FORUM HELD ON THE 21ST OCTOBER 2021 AT GANDINI CHIEF’S OFFICE. PRESENT: Local Administration Chief Gandini Location. Village Elders – see attached list Mangat, I. B. Patel– Consultant Obra Mmaitsi MIBP Consultant Resident of Gandini Location - see attached list KEY PROJECT DATA Client/Employer Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) Financing Agency AFD MINUTES Item Minutes Action By 1. Introduction The meeting was called to order by the Chief Gandini location at 10 am, she invited one Villager to start off the forum with a word of prayer. In her opening remarks, the area chief thanked those that had created time to attend the meeting. Village elders were Chief Gandini encouraged to always make sure they reach each and every homestead when mobilizing Location for such forums. She informed residents that the meeting was organised to discuss issues regarding the proposed Mwache pipeline project which is a government project, those with questions and concerns were encouraged to raise them for deliberation. Finally, she invited the consultant representative Mr. Obra Mmaitsi to proceed with the remaining agenda. 2. Project Information The Consultant representative Obra Mmaitsi thanked stakeholders for creating time to come and participate in the ESIA and RAP public participation forum. He gave a brief of the proposed Project scope which include; Construction of Mwache Dam on Mwache MIBP River, Water Treatment Plant (WTP), 4Nr. Terminal Reservoirs; one for each of the target Obra Mmaitsi supply areas (NML, WML, SML and Island); namely - Nguu Tatu terminal reservoir, Changamwe Reservoir, Dongo Kundu Reservoir, proposed to be constructed within Dongo Kundu area in Mtongwe, serving the South Mainland, West Mainland reservoir and A system of Treated Water Transmission Pipelines, transmitting treated water from the Mwache WTP to the proposed Reservoirs The Consultant representative informed the meeting that MWSI has secured funds from the Word Bank (WB) and the Agence Francaise de Développement (AFD), for financing implementation of the various component of the Mwache Dam Water Supply Project. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By The WB component is scheduled to finance the Dam and possibly the Nguu Tatu and Changamwe transmission pipelines and their corresponding reservoirs. The AFD component will finance the WTP & associated facilities, the West Mainland and Dongo Kundu reservoirs, the trunk transmission pipeline. 3. Environment and Social Safeguard Report The Consultant representative informed the meeting that they were going to prepare Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESIA) that will capture all the MIBP environmental and social impacts of the project and provide mitigation measures. They Obra Mmaitsi were assured that all their opinions and concerns will be captured in the report so as to ensure the Project is acceptable by the community and also sustainable development is achieved. Residents were also informed that the consultant will prepare a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) that will ensure that all assets affected by the project are documented for purposes of Compensation. 4. Project Positive Impacts The Consultant representative pointed out to the meeting that the water supply project has enormous benefits as summarized below. a)Improvement of sanitation within the targeted supply area by providing clean reliable domestic water this will go a long way in reducing water borne ailments such as cholera Typhoid and Diarrhoea. Respiratory ailments like COVID 19 can also be controlled through regular hand wash with soap and water. b) Reduced time taken for residents while fetching water. This valuable time can be MIBP used to do other economical activities like farming and small-scale businesses. Obra Mmaitsi c) Availability of clean reliable domestic water will also reduce cases of gender-based Violence towards women and children in their quest to search for water in far flanked areas. d) Improve the value of land through provision of sanitation infrastructure, better housing will be developed in the area. e) The Project will provide employment opportunities, at construction stage, opportunities will be direct employment for both skilled and unskilled labour while during operation phase, and employment opportunities will be available for water operators. 5. Impacts to Environment (Natural and Social) The consultant representative informed the meeting that this being a water supply project, it will have minimal negative impacts likely to be triggered. Some of the impacts are as indicated below. MIBP  Cutting down of trees especially the Neem tree, Mangroves around Bonje Creek and Obra Mmaitsi Coconuts which are predominant in the area.  Dust generated during construction that is likely to affect air quality within the project area.  Noise and Excessive Vibrations. This is likely to result during the construction phase from the equipment involved in the Project. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By He further added that all these impacts would be addressed comprehensively by the ESIA study report and appropriate mitigation measure provided. 6. Question and Answer Session After discussion summarized above, the community were invited to a question-and- answer session. Detailed questions and suggestion of the plenary session are presented in Table 1 below Table 1: Plenary Session Suggestion / Question Response Mr. Katsudzi Dziro wanted to The meeting was informed that the consultant will know how cases of disputed establish a grievance Redress Committee that will land will be handled. look into disputes locally. Residents were MIBP encouraged to use the GRC to solves disputes Obra Mmaitsi instead of court process that might be lengthy and expensive. Underson Beja Wanted to be The meeting was informed that the wayleave will informed on how damages to include extra working space. Any property that falls private property outside the within the wayleave corridor will be compensated. acquired project wayleave will In the event that the contractor damages property MIBP be handled. outside the wayleave, they will have to be Obra Mmaitsi reinstated on fresh compensation done by the contractor. Harrison Chiwala wanted to be The meeting was informed that funding for the informed on when the project project which include construction of Mwache dam will commence. and the transmission line is available. The project will commence immediately after all the pre MIBP requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA Obra Mmaitsi licence has been issued and also a resettlement action plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Mr. Mbodze wanted to know Residents were informed that the contractor will what will happen in the event try as much as possible to avoid graves, in areas MIBP that the pipeline passes were where it is not possible to avoid, the community will Obra Mmaitsi graves are. be allowed to their cultural procedures of relocating graves. The project client will facilitate the process. Residents wanted to know if the Residents were informed that both unskilled labour contractor will source for and some skilled will be sourced from the local MIBP workforce within the community. Youths were encouraged to organize Obra Mmaitsi community where the works themselves into groups and avail themselves for will be implemented. consideration. 7. Closing Remarks The area Village elder urged those in attendance to accept the project since it was meant to improve their quality of life, he requested them to be good will ambassadors for the project and spread information to those who could not make it to the meeting. Finally, Village Elder the elder adjourned the meeting at 11.30AM, a closing prayer was conducted by a village elder in attendance. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA MINUTES AUTHENTICATION ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA SAMPLE PHOTOS OF THE MEETING The area chief starting off the meeting Residents following proccedings of the meeting ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ATTENDANCE LIST – GANDINI LOCATION MEETING ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Meeting 2: Mbuguni Location Meeting ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) AND RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR MWACHE WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE AND TERMINAL RESERVOIRS MINUTES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION FORUM HELD ON THE 22ND OCTOBER 2021 AT MBUGUNI CHIEF’S OFFICE. PRESENT: Local Administration Chief Mbuguni Location. Village Elders – see attached list Mangat, I. B. Patel– Consultant Obra Mmaitsi MIBP Consultant Resident of Mbuguni Location - see attached list KEY PROJECT DATA Client/Employer Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) Financing Agency AFD MINUTES Item Minutes Action By 8. Introduction The meeting was called to order by the Chief Mbuguni location at 10 am, he invited one Villager to start off the forum with a word of prayer. In his opening remarks, the area chief thanked those that had created time to attend the meeting. He thanked the consultant for arriving on time, this he said will allow the meeting to end early enough so Chief Mbuguni that most of the residents can go to attend Friday prayers. He informed residents that the Location meeting was organised to discuss issues regarding the proposed Mwache pipeline project which is a government project, those with questions and concerns were encouraged to raise them for deliberation. Finally, he invited the consultant representative Mr. Obra Mmaitsi to proceed with the remaining agenda. 9. Project Information The Consultant representative Obra Mmaitsi thanked stakeholders for creating time to come and participate in the ESIA and RAP public participation forum. He gave a brief of the proposed Project scope which include; Construction of Mwache Dam on Mwache River, Water Treatment Plant (WTP), 4Nr. Terminal Reservoirs; one for each of the target supply areas (NML, WML, SML and Island); namely - Nguu Tatu terminal reservoir, MIBP Changamwe Reservoir, Dongo Kundu Reservoir, proposed to be constructed within Obra Mmaitsi Dongo Kundu area in Mtongwe, serving the South Mainland, West Mainland reservoir and A system of Treated Water Transmission Pipelines, transmitting treated water from the Mwache WTP to the proposed Reservoirs ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By The consultant representative informed the meeting that the WSI has secured funds from the Word Bank (WB) and the Agence Francaise de Développement (AFD), for financing implementation of the various component of the Mwache Dam Water Supply Project. The WB component is scheduled to finance the Dam and possibly the Nguu Tatu and Changamwe transmission pipelines and their corresponding reservoirs. The AFD component will finance the WTP & associated facilities, the West Mainland and Dongo Kundu reservoirs, the trunk transmission pipeline. 10. Environment and Social Safeguard Report The consultant representative informed the meeting that they were going to prepare Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESIA) that will capture all the environmental and social impacts of the project and provide mitigation measures. They MIBP were assured that all their opinions and concerns will be captured in the report so as to Obra Mmaitsi ensure the Project is acceptable by the community and also sustainable development is achieved. Residents were also informed that the consultant will prepare a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) that will ensure that all assets affected by the project are documented for purposes of Compensation. 11. Project Positive Impacts The consultant representative pointed out to the meeting that the water supply project has enormous benefits as summarized below. f)Improvement of sanitation within the targeted supply area by providing clean reliable domestic water this will go a long way in reducing water borne ailments such as cholera Typhoid and Diarrhoea. Respiratory ailments like COVID 19 can also be controlled through regular hand wash with soap and water. g) Reduced time taken for residents while fetching water. This valuable time can be MIBP used to do other economical activities like farming and small-scale businesses. Obra Mmaitsi h) Availability of clean reliable domestic water will also reduce cases of gender-based Violence towards women and children in their quest to search for water in far flanked areas. i) Improve the value of land through provision of sanitation infrastructure, better housing will be developed in the area. j) The Project will provide employment opportunities, at construction stage, opportunities will be direct employment for both skilled and unskilled labour while during operation phase, employment opportunities will be available for water operators. 12. Impacts to Environment (Natural and Social) The consultant representative informed the meeting that this being a water supply project, it will have minimal negative impacts likely to be triggered. Some of the impacts are as indicated below.  Cutting down of trees especially the Neem tree, Mangroves around Bonje Creek and Coconuts which are predominant in the area. MIBP  Dust generated during construction that is likely to affect air quality within the project Obra Mmaitsi area.  Noise and Excessive Vibrations. This is likely to result during the construction phase from the equipment involved in the Project. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By He further added that all these impacts would be addressed comprehensively by the ESIA study report and appropriate mitigation measure provided. 13. Question and Answer Session After discussion summarized above, the community were invited to a question-and- answer session. Detailed questions and suggestion of the plenary session are presented in Table 1 below Table 1: Plenary Session Suggestion / Question Response Mr. Sale Ali wanted to know if The meeting was informed that the pipeline is a the water will benefit residents transmission line and not for household MIBP of Mbuguni connection, however residents can request to be Obra Mmaitsi given water kiosks within shopping centres for them to access water easily. Mr. Juma Omar wanted to know The meeting was informed that the consultant will what will happen to those be walking along the proposed pipeline route property owners who not be accompanied by village elders, details of those that available during enumeration. will not be on ground during enumeration will be captured and follow up done to ensure any missing MIBP information about them is captured. Obra Mmaitsi Residents wanted to be The meeting was informed that funding for the informed on when the project project which include construction of Mwache dam will commence. and the transmission line is available. The project will commence immediately after all the pre MIBP requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA Obra Mmaitsi licence has been issued and also a resettlement action plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Residents wanted to know if the Residents were informed that both unskilled labour contractor will source for and some skilled will be sourced from the local MIBP workforce within the community. Youths were encouraged to organize Obra Mmaitsi community where the works themselves into groups and avail themselves for will be implemented. consideration. 14. Closing Remarks The area Chief urged those in attendance to accept the project since it was meant to improve their quality of life, he requested them to be good will ambassadors for the Chief Mbuguni project and spread information to those who could not make it to the meeting. Finally, Location the Chief adjourned the meeting at 11.30AM, a closing prayer was conducted by a village elder in attendance. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA MINUTES AUTHENTICATION ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA SAMPLE PHOTOS OF THE MEETING The area chief starting off the meeting A resident asking Questions. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ATTENDANCE LIST – MBUGUNI LOCATION MEETING ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Meeting 3: Kiteje Sub Location Meeting ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) AND RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR MWACHE WATER TRANSMISSION PIPELINE AND TERMINAL RESERVOIRS MINUTES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION FORUM HELD ON THE 23RD OCTOBER 2021 AT KITEJE ASSISTANT CHIEF’S OFFICE. PRESENT: Local Administration Assistant Chief Kiteje Sub Location. Village Elders – see attached list Mangat, I. B. Patel– Consultant Obra Mmaitsi MIBP Consultant Resident of Kiteje Sub Location - see attached list KEY PROJECT DATA Client/Employer Coast Water Works Development Agency (CWWDA) Financing Agency AFD MINUTES Item Minutes Action By 15. Introduction The meeting was called to order by the Assistant Chief Kiteje Sub location at 10 am, she invited one Villager to start off the forum with a word of prayer. In her opening remarks, the area chief thanked those that had created time to attend the meeting. She informed Assistant Chief residents that the meeting was organised to discuss issues regarding the proposed Sub Location Mwache pipeline project which is a government project, those with questions and concerns were encouraged to raise them for deliberation. Finally, she invited the consultant representative Mr. Obra Mmaitsi to proceed with the remaining agenda. 16. Project Information The Consultant representative Obra Mmaitsi thanked stakeholders for creating time to come and participate in the ESIA and RAP public participation forum. He gave a brief of MIBP the proposed Project scope which include; Construction of Mwache Dam on Mwache Obra Mmaitsi River, Water Treatment Plant (WTP), 4Nr. Terminal Reservoirs; one for each of the target supply areas (NML, WML, SML and Island); namely - Nguu Tatu terminal reservoir, Changamwe Reservoir, Dongo Kundu Reservoir, proposed to be constructed within Dongo Kundu area in Mtongwe, serving the South Mainland, West Mainland reservoir and A system of Treated Water Transmission Pipelines, transmitting treated water from the Mwache WTP to the proposed Reservoirs The consultant representative informed the meeting that The MWSI has secured funds from the Word Bank (WB) and the Agence Francaise de Développement (AFD), for financing implementation of the various component of the Mwache Dam Water Supply Project. The WB component is scheduled to finance the Dam and possibly the Nguu Tatu and Changamwe transmission pipelines and their corresponding reservoirs. The AFD ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By component will finance the WTP & associated facilities, the West Mainland and Dongo Kundu reservoirs, the trunk transmission pipeline. 17. Environment and Social Safeguard Report The consultant representative informed the meeting that they were going to prepare Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESIA) that will capture all the MIBP environmental and social impacts of the project and provide mitigation measures. They Obra Mmaitsi were assured that all their opinions and concerns will be captured in the report so as to ensure the Project is acceptable by the community and also sustainable development is achieved. Residents were also informed that the consultant will prepare a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) that will ensure that all assets affected by the project are documented for purposes of Compensation. 18. Project Positive Impacts The Consultant representative pointed out to the meeting that the water supply project has enormous benefits as summarized below. a) Improvement of sanitation within the targeted supply area by providing clean reliable domestic water this will go a long way in reducing water borne ailments MIBP such as cholera Typhoid and Diarrhoea. Respiratory ailments like COVID 19 can also Obra Mmaitsi be controlled through regular hand wash with soap and water. b) Reduced time taken for residents while fetching water. This valuable time can be used to do other economical activities like farming and small-scale businesses. c) Availability of clean reliable domestic water will also reduce cases of gender-based Violence towards women and children in their quest to search for water in far flanked areas. d) Improve the value of land through provision of sanitation infrastructure, better housing will be developed in the area. e) The Project will provide employment opportunities, at construction stage, opportunities will be direct employment for both skilled and unskilled labour while during operation phase, employment opportunities will be available for water operators. 19. Impacts to Environment (Natural and Social) The Consultant representative informed the meeting that this being a water supply project, it will have minimal negative impacts likely to be triggered. Some of the impacts are as indicated below.  Cutting down of trees especially the Neem tree, Mangroves around Bonje Creek and Coconuts which are predominant in the area. MIBP  Dust generated during construction that is likely to affect air quality within the project Obra Mmaitsi area.  Noise and Excessive Vibrations. This is likely to result during the construction phase from the equipment involved in the Project. He further added that all these impacts would be addressed comprehensively by the ESIA study report and appropriate mitigation measure provided. 20. Question and Answer Session After discussion summarized above, the community were invited to a question-and- answer session. Detailed questions and suggestion of the plenary session are presented in Table 1 ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Item Minutes Action By Table 1: Plenary Session Suggestion / Question Response Mr. Kasim Chame wanted to The meeting was informed that the National lands MIBP know what will happen to will follow up and authenticate the land documents Obra Mmaitsi residents who have bought to ensure compensation is done to the right owner. parcels of land but the subdivision process is yet to be completed. Mr. Abdul Kongoninga wanted The meeting was informed that compensation rates to know if during compensation will be provided by a registered government value there will be any discussion to ensure accuracy. During RAP report disclosure, MIBP between property owner and residents will be given a chance to make Obra Mmaitsi the client about the rates. adjustments if need be. Harrison Chiwala wanted to be The meeting was informed that funding for the informed on when the project project which include construction of Mwache dam will commence. and the transmission line is available. The project MIBP will commence immediately after all the pre Obra Mmaitsi requisite reports including ESIA report and NEMA licence have been issued and Resettlement Action Plan has been prepared for the affected persons. Mr. Jiti Abdalla wanted to know Residents were informed that the contractor will what will happen in the event try as much as possible to avoid graves, in areas that the pipeline passes were where it is not possible to avoid, the community will graves are. be allowed to their cultural procedures of MIBP relocating graves. Client will facilitate the process. Obra Mmaitsi Residents wanted to know if the Residents were informed that both unskilled labour contractor will source for and some skilled will be sourced from the local MIBP workforce within the community. Youths were encouraged to organize Obra Mmaitsi community where the works themselves into groups and avail themselves for will be implemented. consideration. Hadija Omar wanted to be Residents were informed that adequate time will be informed if residents will be given to land owners before project commences, MIBP given sufficient notice before asset owners will be given sufficient time to salvage Obra Mmaitsi construction commences and whatever they want along the pipeline corridor also if they will be required to She was also informed that once owners have be at their premises throughout agreed and allowed works to proceed, they will not during construction. be required to be physically present during implementation. 21. Closing Remarks The area Assistant Chief urged those in attendance to accept the project since it was Assistant Chief meant to improve their quality of life, she requested them to be good will ambassadors Kiteje Sub for the project and spread information to those who could not make it to the meeting. Location Finally, the chief adjourned the meeting at 11.30 a.m, a closing prayer was conducted by a village elder in attendance. ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA MINUTES AUTHENTICATION ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA SAMPLE PHOTOS OF THE MEETING Consultant representative addressing the meeting A Resident asking questions ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ATTENDANCE LIST – KITEJE SUB LOCATION MEETING ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Meeting 4: NOTES OF MEETING HELD ON 14TH JUNE 2023 BETWEEN TSUNZA AND BONJE BEACH MANAGEMENT UNITS (BMU) AND COMMUNITY FOREST ASSOCIATION (CFA) AT ROYAL STAR RESORT MAZERAS AT 10 AM ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA REPUBLIC OF KENYA NOTES OF MEETING HELD ON 14TH JUNE 2023 BETWEEN TSUNZA AND BONJE BEACH MANAGEMENT UNITS (BMU) AND COMMUNITY FOREST ASSOCIATION (CFA) AT ROYAL STAR RESORT MAZERAS AT 10 AM PRESENT: Kenya Water Security Climate Resilient Project – Client 1. Millicent Dzombo - Project Sociologist 2. Godwin Sakwa - Project Environmentalist Sweco – Consultant 3. Dr James Kairo Mwakio - Project Ecologist Bonje and Tsunza BMU 4. See attached attendance List - AGENDA 1. What are the economic activities in your area 2. What is the value of mangrove (list and rank) 3. What are the threats facing mangroves 4. What Interventions should be adopted to address the threats Discussions TSUNZA BMU AND CFA Importance of Creek / Mangroves  Provide breeding ground for fish, crabs, prawns, oysters, snails, Mollusca,  Mangrove provide timber to the local for construction sector (residential structures and boat making)  Tourist attracting  Creak help in control of storm and ocean wave surge Threats to the Creeks / Mangroves  Over fishing and bait collection  Oil spills  Sedimentation / erosion  Human settlement  Drought  Plastic and other solid Wastes Degradation Hot Spots  Stoo- affected by Elnino  Mteza Creek – Over harvesting of Fish and Marine Fauna  Mkupe Tsunza - Over harvesting of Fish and Marine Fauna  Gutu Tsunza - Over harvesting of Fish and Marine Fauna and El-nino  Mwangani Dongo Kundu - Over harvesting of Fish and Marine Fauna  Kwa Soa - Over harvesting of Fish and Marine Fauna  Mwijela – Soil Erosion ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Activities to be adopted in Specific Area  Tree planting and re- afforestation Programs  Stakeholder Sensitisation (Community) programs on conservation  Stakeholder Sensitisation programs (Kenya Ports Authority KPA) on conservation  Restoration Programs of Mangroves in Degraded areas  Beach Clean-up and Waste Management Programs  Bee Keeping Activities  Fish Ponds and fishing sites including; Kwasoa, Toneza, Maguzoni, Dongo Kundu, Chuyu, Ngare, Mkupe, Mbagani, Gutu, Mwinjala, Mshame, Mwekerwe Nyanje, Chiweni, Manzazani, Mwangowa, Mwishomo, Fungu ya Kati, Chilomoni, Hodi  Nursery Establishment within Kaya Chonyi, Kaya Mrera, Kaya Bombo, Kaya Mbuguni and Kaya Teleza BONJE BMU AND CFA Importance of Creek / Mangroves  Mangroves provide traditional ropes used in fishing sector  Vegetation within mangrove provide medicinal value  Provide breeding ground for fish, crabs, prawns, oysters, snails, Mollusca,  Mangrove provide timber to the local for construction sector (residential structures and boat making)  Tourist attracting  Creak help in control of storm and ocean wave surge  Provision of clean air Threats to the Creeks / Mangroves  Charcoal burning  Over collection of firewood  Clearing for farming  Over fishing and bait collection  Oil spills  Sedimentation / erosion  Human settlement  Drought  Plastic and other solid Wastes Degradation Hot Spots  Mbele, Goro, Darajani, Difu, Mwanzenge, Maweni, Ngondi, Nianze, Mbagani, DOE all affected by charcoal burning and deforestation Activities to be adopted in Specific Area  Tree planting and re- afforestation Programs  Stakeholder Sensitisation (Community) programs on conservation  Stakeholder Sensitisation programs (Kenya Ports Authority KPA) on conservation  Restoration Programs of Mangroves in Degraded areas  Beach Clean-up and Waste Management Programs  Bee Keeping Activities ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Appendix 1: Attendance List ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Appendix 2: FLIP Charts from Group Discussions- Tsunza ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Appendix 3: FLIP Charts from Group Discussions- Bonje ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA Appendix 4: Photographs of Consultative Session ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335 REPUBLIC OF KENYA – COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) PROJECT REPORT (ESIA) ADDENDUM (1) TO THE MWACHE DAM ESIA ARTELIA / MIBP / JANUARY 2025 / 877 3335