The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 02/06/2025 | Report No: ESRSA03971 Feb 06, 2025 Page 1 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) I. BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Operation Data Operation ID Product Operation Acronym Approval Fiscal Year P506969 Investment Project Financing (IPF) DJI ICRP 2025 Operation Name Integrated Community Resilience Project Country/Region Code Beneficiary country/countries Region Practice Area (Lead) (borrower, recipient) Djibouti Djibouti MIDDLE EAST AND Social Sustainability and NORTH AFRICA Inclusion Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Ministry of Economy Ministry of Social Affairs and Solidarity, 29-Jan-2025 14-Mar-2025 and Finance in Djiboutian Social Development Agency charge of Industry Estimated Decision Total Project Cost Public Disclosure Review Date 30-Jan-2025 31,000,000.00 Proposed Development Objective The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve access to basic services and safety nets, and enhance economic opportunities for vulnerable communities, including refugees and host communities in target areas. B. Is the operation being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project Activities The project will support an integrated package of interventions aimed at strengthening resilience in vulnerable targeted areas based on community-identified priority needs. This will include improving access access to basic services and targeted safety nets, and enhancing access to economic opportunities. D. Environmental and Social Overview Feb 06, 2025 Page 2 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) D.1 Overview of Environmental and Social Project Settings The project will operate nationwide under Component 1, encompassing all regions, including refugee and migrant- hosting areas such as the Ali Addeh and Holl Holl refugee villages. Under Component 2, it will similarly target all region with a particular focus on Dikhil region. These areas are characterized by extreme water scarcity, receiving an average annual rainfall of just 130mm, and are highly vulnerable to extreme weather events , such as droughts and floods. Access to basic services—including water, sanitation, electricity, healthcare, and education—is severely limited, compounding the challenges faced by residents and refugees alike. Reliable access to water remains a critical concern, exacerbating health vulnerabilities in both refugee settlements and host communities. The social and demographic context is complex, comprising refugee-hosting populations, registered refugees (31,561 as of June 2024), and transit migrants, particularly from Ethiopia, Somalia, and Yemen. This dynamic creates significant pressure on already stretched resources and services. The project area faces substantial developmental challenges, including elevated poverty rates, especially in rural areas, which account for 27.2% of the population. Arable land is scarce, with less than 1,000 square kilometers suitable for agriculture, further limiting economic opportunities. Gender disparities are pronounced, particularly in rural regions, as evidenced by the high percentage of young women not in employment, education, or training (NEET rate of 53%). In underserved and rural areas, women and girls are disproportionately affected by socio-economic challenges. More than 53% of young girls (15-24 years old) compared to 47.4% of boys are neither in employment, education, nor training (NEET), with even higher figures in rural areas—83.4% for girls and 69.9% for boys. Adult women are more likely to be unemployed (36%) than men (22 %). In rural areas, the employment gap widens further (36.5% of women and 17.4 % of men). Public Disclosure Strategically located at the southern entrance to the Red Sea, Djibouti holds considerable geopolitical importance. This location adds complexity to resource management and community resilience efforts. Djibouti also serves as a key transit corridor for migrants from the Horn of Africa traveling toward the Middle East and Europe in search of economic opportunities. Each year, thousands of migrants – primarily Ethiopians, but also Somalis – pass through Djibouti, often driven by limited economic prospects, drought, and food insecurity in their home countries. Most are en route to Yemen as a stepping stone to the Arab Peninsula, hoping for better prospects in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States. Djibouti hosts 31,509 registered refugee and asylum-seeker population as of June 2024, primarily from Somalia, Ethiopia, and Yemen. 85% of refugees reside in settlements, straining public services such as education, health, and social safety nets. The government’s proactive approach, aligned with the Global Compact on Refugees, includes efforts to integrate refugees into national systems while promoting social and economic inclusion, reinforced by the adoption of a National Refugee Law in 2017 to strengthen institutional and legislative frameworks. Djibouti’s refugee protection framework has been deemed adequate for the purposes of the Window for Host Communities and Refugees (WHR) by UNHCR in October 2024. The environmental setting is fragile, marked by delicate arid and semi-ecosystems and marine resources influenced by proximity to the Red Sea. Climate vulnerability is escalating, with the number of high heat index days projected to rise significantly, from 66 to 123 days annually. Djibouti is increasingly vulnerable to natural disasters, with both droughts and floods taking a heavy toll on the population and economy. Ten major droughts were recorded between 1980 and 2019, with the 2008-2011 drought alone shrinking GDP by 4% and affecting over 100,000 people, leading to the loss of half of Djibouti’s livestock. More recent flooding events between 2018 and 2020 have caused substantial damage, affecting 250,000 people and requiring an estimated US$25 million for recovery and reconstruction. The growing Feb 06, 2025 Page 3 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) frequency and intensity of these extreme weather events are putting additional pressure on rural communities, which are already struggling with poverty, underdeveloped infrastructure, and limited access to essential services. The country's small population and low per capita emissions underscore its unique vulnerability to climate shocks. With per capita emissions of 1.4t CO2e, Djibouti is one of the smallest emitters of greenhouse gases globally, ranked 188th among all countries. The country’s heavy interdependence on neighboring countries for trade and migration creates both resilience and vulnerability to climate shocks. As the primary port connecting the Horn of Africa to the global market, Djibouti’s transport infrastructure is crucial for the region’s economic stability. This reliance on international trade, particularly for importing water and food, makes Djibouti vulnerable to disruptions from climate-induced shocks affecting its neighbors. D.2 Overview of Borrower’s Institutional Capacity for Managing Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts The Ministry of Social Affairs and Solidarity (MASS) and the Djiboutian Social Development Agency (ADDS) have relevant experience from prior World Bank financed projects, such as the Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project (P152822) (2016–2024) and the Integrated Cash Transfer and Human Capital Project (P166220) (2018–2024), which provided a foundation for managing environmental and social (E&S) risks. However, despite their familiarity with the Operational Policies, significant capacity challenges persist, especially under the ESF. The Project implementation framework designates MASS as the primary implementing agency for Component 1 and ADDS for Component 2, both requiring coordination with ONARS (for refugee assistance), UNHCR, and other agencies. This multi-agency involvement adds complexity to coordination and implementation efforts, particularly given the limited existing E&S management systems and E&S implementation capacity. Public Disclosure The capacity of both MASS and ADDS is constrained by a shortage of specialized E&S staff and limited resources. MASS has assigned an ES focal point to prepare the project, but they will need to recruit an experienced social specialist with some environmental capacity (given the limited environmental risks under Component 1) within two months after Effective Date to ensure sufficient capacity. ADDS has an E&S team who supported project preparation, however, they will need to have additional specialists to assist and one SEA/SH consultant in place for project implementation within two months of Effective Date which will remain during implementation. The ES teams of both ADDS and MASS will also require significant E&S capacity strengthening. As SEA/SH risk was assessed as Substantial during appraisal, a SEA/SH consultant will be required, one each for both Implementing Agencies, as this was the preferred arrangement by both ADDS and MASS. Addressing these capacity challenges will require targeted ES risk management capacity enhancements, including the recruitment of additional E&S specialists if required, during implementation, and/or through the provision of HEIS, as well as the development of comprehensive training programs. Strengthening management systems, enhancing monitoring capabilities, and providing technical support will be critical for successful implementation of this project. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Substantial A.1 Environmental Risk Rating Substantial Feb 06, 2025 Page 4 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) The environmental rating for this project is Substantial. The project will involve many construction-related activities to improve the resilience of rural community that include road infrastructure, water and electricity distribution networks, publics buildings, classroom and publics spaces (bus station, parks, markets, etc.). These activities are expected to be small in scale and site specific for the most part. Project activities include industrial unit facilities (i.e., ice production ) that could present risks to water consumption, waste generation, along with potential operational impacts which will require robust management and mitigation measures to minimize its environmental footprint. Significant water use for ice production may strain local resources, especially in water-scarce areas like the Obock region. Ice production is also energy-intensive, requiring substantial electricity to freeze water. This can contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, especially if the energy comes from non-renewable source. The use of refrigerants in ice- making machines can have environmental impacts if they are not managed properly. Some refrigerants can contribute to ozone depletion and global warming. Other activities with substantial risks include agricultural unit facilities (honey production, dairy processing , date palm processing , grain mills, agricultural perimeters, seed centers). Most anticipated impacts include water consumption, material and chemicals use ( fertilizers and pesticides), and waste generation. Irrigation can deplete water sources, particularly in areas already experiencing water scarcity. Poor agricultural practices can lead to soil erosion, and nutrient depletion. Use of chemical inputs, pesticides in particular present a significant risk if not managed properly, to both human and animal health by contaminating soil and groundwater. Pesticide exposure is also a risk to honey production. Bees can be exposed to pesticides, which can harm their health causing mortality or indirectly by weakening their immune systems, making them more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, pesticide contamination can affect the quality and safety of honey. Dairy processing is a large contributor to air pollution and water contamination. It is also energy-intensive, requiring significant electricity and fuel, contributing to carbon emissions. The activity generates solid waste, including Public Disclosure packaging materials and by-products, which need to be managed sustainably. The processing of date palms produces a significant amount of waste, including fibrous materials, dried fruits, and seeds. This waste is often burned or disposed of in landfills, leading to environmental pollution. Large quantities of water are also required for cleaning and processing dates. This risk rating underscores the need for comprehensive management systems, rigorous controls, regular monitoring. it will require the development of comprehensive Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), a thorough analysis or assessment and the specific management plans (ESIA, ESMPs, biodiversity plan), and robust monitoring and documentation systems. Substantial A.2 Social Risk Rating Social risk is rated as Substantial. Under component 1, "Cash for Nutrition, Productive Inclusion", strengthening the social registry, and distribution of community resilience kits activities may present a risk of elite capture; exacerbate social conflict/tensions due to exclusion on the social registry and/or in the piloting of the use of the Caisses Rurales d'Epargne et de Crédit (CRECs); and/or exclude vulnerable and disadvantage individuals/groups, including women, young mothers, and persons with disabilities, as a result of inadequate targeting of project beneficiaries. These activities may also lead to an increased risk for Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) related to opportunistic and exploitative behaviors, and possible corruption/fraud risks (i.e. project works asking for payment to be included as a beneficiary. Other risks include possible traffic accidents due to project workers in communities; misuse of cash resources (e.g., cash transfers may be used for non-nutritious or antisocial purposes such as alcohol, qat/tobacco consumption, rather than for improving nutrition); and theft from households receiving cash benefits and community resilience kits. Improper stakeholder engagement and weak management of grievances especially those related exclusion from beneficiary/social registry lists, and potential delays of payments and kits are additional social risks, as well as weak enforcement of Codes of Conduct and training for project workers. Component 2.1 will Feb 06, 2025 Page 5 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) finance the development and rehabilitation of essential socio-economic infrastructure in targeted rural communities of Dikhil, and refugee-hosting areas in Ali Addeh, Holl Holl and Obock to increase access to services (e.g., electrification, water and sanitation, renewable energy, health and education facilities, roads and utilities). Works include establishing productive facilities including industrial and agricultural units that are suitable to its arid environment (e.g., grain mills, drought-resistant seed centers, agricultural perimeters, honey production facilities, dairy processing units, date palm processing units, local markets, ice production units, etc.). These activities may induce risks related to labor influx including the spread of communicable diseases; labor risks including child, forced, and informal workers working without contracts; traffic accidents/road safety risks given the transportation of materials especially in areas with poor roads and extra traffic in remote/rural communities; SEA/SH risks resulting from labor/project workers in remote communities; accidents resulting from improper securing of civil work sites that may disproportionately harm vulnerable groups such as children, elderly, persons with reduced mobility. Risks related to land acquisition, physical and/or economic displacement related to this activity will be ineligible for project financing. Lastly, under Sub-component 2.2, as 1,500 beneficiaries will be targeted to enhance and sustain the livelihoods and economic opportunities of vulnerable individuals, particularly women, youth, and refugees in target communities, there are exclusion and elite capture risks, which can also engender social tensions/conflict. In addition, given current client capacity levels, there is a risk of weak stakeholder engagement and grievance management, including management and implementation of a SEA/SH grievance processes, and weak monitoring and reporting across both Implementing Agencies. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESS) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered Public Disclosure B.1 Relevance of Environmental and Social Standards ESS1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Relevant The project encompasses complex operations in underserved and remote areas (Component 2), and covers a national scope under Component 1, presenting a broad spectrum of E&S impacts and implementation challenges. Environmental and social risk is substantial due to several key factors. The project involves various construction activities to improve rural community resilience, including road infrastructure, water and electricity distribution networks, public buildings, classrooms, and public spaces. These activities are expected to be small in scale and site- specific and generally manageable. Industrial unit facilities, such as ice production, pose risks related to water consumption, waste generation, and operational impacts. Ice production, in particular, may strain local water resources and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions due to its energy-intensive nature and the use of refrigerants. Agricultural unit facilities, including honey production, dairy processing, date palm processing, grain mills, agricultural perimeters, and seed centers, also present substantial risks. These include water consumption, use of materials and chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides), and waste generation which result in environmental pollution. Poor agricultural practices can lead to soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and salinization. Pesticide exposure poses risks to both human and animal health, as well as to honey production. Social risks include labor risks (including child, forced and informal workers), road safety for workers and in communities, SEA/SH risks, grievance management, and exclusion risks, elite capture, social tension/conflict. Given these risks and impacts, an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) was prepared for component 2, which will guide the preparation of site-specific Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) for construction-related activities and Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) for industrial and agricultural activities. These will be in compliance with the requirements of ESS1 and Feb 06, 2025 Page 6 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) national legislation. Under component 1.2, MASS will provide E&S training to beneficiaries and prepare an exclusion list of activities that are eligible for financing by the Association. The training module and the exclusion list will be shared with the Association prior to the start of project activities for No Objection. ESS10 - Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure Relevant This project requires robust and regular stakeholder engagement that is inclusive, accessible, and transparent given the nature of the activities under components 1 and 2. Meaningful stakeholder engagement is essential to mitigate stakeholder risks, especially of vulnerable groups related to possible exclusion, which can exacerbate social conflict and adversely impact social cohesion, in addition to the potential for misuse of cash resources and/or corruption. To manage community expectations and facilitate understanding among beneficiaries for inclusion requirements to receive project benefits under components 1 and 2, and properly undertake behavioral change initiatives, as well as inform project beneficiaries of environmental and social risks, robust stakeholder identification analysis and a clear and timebound consultation plan that takes into account the consultation needs of all stakeholders, especially vulnerable and disadvantaged groups is essential. The Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) will be monitored and reported on in each quarterly ES reports and during missions, including an analysis of grievance management performance. As there are two implementing agencies (MASS and ADDS) and as the activities are different for each, there will be two grievance mechanisms inclusive of a GM process to handle SEA/SH incidents. Each Implementing Agency has also prepared a draft SEP which will be updated within three months of project Effective Date and prior to the start of project activities as both required improvements to consultations, stakeholder identification and analysis, conducting consultations, stakeholder engagement program, and the grievance mechanism (including SEA/SH-GM). Public Disclosure ESS2 - Labor and Working Conditions Relevant There are several categories of project workers in this project including direct workers from the project implementation units, contracted workers (for construction, facility operations, and delivery social protection benefits/services), community workers for social programs (such as SBCC), and primary supply workers. Labor risks and working conditions for construction and processing facilities and delivery of social protection services/benefits require a comprehensive standalone labor management procedures (LMP) for both implementing agencies, robust OHS systems, a worker grievance mechanism, Codes of Conduct and training, and monitoring contractors for potential use of child labor, informal labor (without contracts), and forced labor. Labor risk management will be included in quarterly ES reports and further assessed during missions, to assess adherence to the measures contained in the LMP and requirements under ESS2. The LMP is required within two months of Project Effective Date. ESS3 - Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management Relevant This standard is pertinent. Expected risks related to ESS3 include typical construction waste, industrial waste, and increased water usage for agricultural and facility processing (e.g., ice production salt processing, dairy, and date palm units). These activities may worsen water scarcity and compete with community needs if not properly managed . The waste from infrastructure construction is not expected to generate excessive hazardous waste and will likely be manageable and site-specific. Pollution risks include air pollution from dust and emissions, and solid waste from construction. Agricultural industrial units, including honey, dairy, and date palm, as well as agricultural perimeters and seed centers, will generate various impacts. Anticipated effects include increased water consumption, use of materials and chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides, and waste generation. Irrigation may deplete local water Feb 06, 2025 Page 7 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) sources, especially in regions with existing water scarcity. Inadequate agricultural practices can result in soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and salinization. The use of chemical inputs, particularly pesticides, poses a risk if not managed properly, potentially contaminating soil and groundwater and affecting both human and animal health. To mitigate these risks the project need to favor efficient use water and renewable energy, adopt recycling and waste reduction, ensure safe waste and wastewater treatment before disposal apply dust and manage solid waste responsibly. ESS4 - Community Health and Safety Relevant Community exposure risks also include dust, noise, odors, and water/air quality impacts, along with chemical exposure, road accidents and increased traffic from construction from agricultural processing and other civil works activities encroachment to community water wells. Project activities could impact ecosystem services leading to reduced water supply, altered quality, and increased competition for these essential resources impact community health. There are also Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) risks given the presence of labor in communities, especially in remote/refugee communities, and the nature of activities under component 1, productive safety nets, which may induce exploitative and opportunistic behaviors. In addition, the presence of project workers in the development of socio-economic infrastructure and productive facilities under component 2, especially remote and refugee communities also induce SEA/SH risks. In addition, weak client capacity on managing SEA/SH risks is a concern as monitoring and reporting on such risks is new for both Implementing Agencies. Both Borrowers will require SEA/SH specialists, capacity training, and possible SEA/SH HEIS support. They will each also prepare a SEA/SH Action Plan and put in place a survivor-centered grievance mechanism to safely, ethically, and confidential address SEA/SH incidents inclusive of a referral pathway for psychosocial, legal and medical services. The project will need to also capacitate ONARS and engage UNHCR on SEA/SH risk management and requirements in refugee communities. Public Disclosure ONARS does not have any E&S capacity, nor SEA/SH risk management experience. Additional risks also include traffic accidents/road safety risks (for both components), including the transportation of materials especially in areas with poor roads and extra traffic in remote/rural communities, and accidents resulting from improper securing of civil work sites that may disproportionately harm vulnerable groups such as children, elderly, persons with reduced mobility. Such risks will be addressed in ESMPs, LMPs and in the SEA/SH Action Plans. ESS5 - Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Not Currently Relevant Activities requiring land acquisition and which may have permanent and/or temporary physical and/or economic displacement will be illegible from receiving project financing and will therefore be included in an exclusion list for illegible project expenditures. These risks will be screened under Component 2. If it may be determined during implementation that part or all of land for a project activity under component 2 is donated on a voluntary basis and without payment of full compensation this will be subject to prior Bank approval and the requirements under ESS5. Therefore, if voluntary land donation is envisioned, ESS5 will therefore be deemed relevant and will follow the requirements under the standard. ESS6 - Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Relevant Resources The standard is important due to risks related to natural resources and animal husbandry, such as bees and dairy livestock. The introduction of commercial bees may pose a risk to native and local pollinator populations. Drought- resistant seeds could also result in the introduction of invasive species. The native n fauna, and coastal species could Feb 06, 2025 Page 8 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) potentially impacted by the introduction invasive species due to drought-resistant seeds. Pollution from chemical discharges, and runoff poses further threats to water quality, ecosystem health, and human safety. The proposed dairy production facility may generate environmental and biodiversity impacts that require careful management and mitigation. Water resources may be significantly impacted through high consumption demands of the operation and potential contamination from animal waste and effluents. The facility's operations could lead to soil degradation from nutrient loading from manure accumulation. Additionally, the concentration of livestock could create disease transmission risks and affect local biodiversity with the introduction of invasive species through feed imports. To address these challenges, a comprehensive impact assessment will be necessary to outline the risks and impacts of these activities on the local environment. These activity specific environmental impact assessment should include mitigation measures focused on habitat conservation initiatives, sustainable agricultural practices, eco-friendly salt waste disposal, and pollution control to ensure responsible environmental management. ESS7 - Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Not Currently Relevant Local Communities This standard is not relevant as there are no known groups in the project area who meet the criteria of IP/SSAHUTLCs under ESS7. ESS8 - Cultural Heritage Relevant There are very minimal risks related to tangible cultural heritage. However, Chance Finds procedures will be included in the ESMF and ESMPs in the event civil work activities under component 2 encounter tangible cultural finds. Public Disclosure ESS9 - Financial Intermediaries Not Currently Relevant The use of financial intermediaries is not currently envisioned in this project. B.2 Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Operations on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Operations in Disputed Areas No B.3 Other Salient Features Use of Borrower Framework No While the team explored the use of some aspects of the Borrower's framework for labor, as per Bank guidance on when to use the Borrower's Framework, as labor risks are not deemed to be low, the E&S team decided to use the ESF for ESS2. Use of Common Approach No This project will not use a common approach as it is exclusively financed by IDA. Feb 06, 2025 Page 9 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) C. Overview of Required Environmental and Social Risk Management Activities C.1 What Borrower environmental and social analyses, instruments, plans and/or frameworks are planned or required by implementation? For both Implementing Agencies within three months of Project Effective Date: - Both SEPs will updated, inclusive of the SEA/SH-GM process and additional consultations - SEA/SH Action Plan to be submitted (to be included in the ESMF as an annex and in the ESMPs, under Component 2) - Stand alone LMP to be submitted (inclusive of SEA/SH Action Plan and road/traffic safety measures under component 1) Before the start of project activities, including stakeholder consultation: - Implement GM, inclusive of SEA/SH GM process for both PMUs For ADDS before the start of works under Component 2: - Update ESMF (including but not limited to chance finds, road/traffic safety, waste management plans, improved social baseline, assess SEA/SH risks and exclusion risks, improve monitoring/reporting, GM, including SEA/SH-GM process, exclusion list) - ESIA (if necessary depending on works) and/or ESMP(s) (inclusive of chance finds, road/traffic safety, waste management plans,) Regular reviews (biannual ISMs, quarterly ES reports, and ad hoc technical ES missions) will allow for adaptive management where ES plans can be revised, and systems updated based on performance assessments. Public Disclosure III. CONTACT POINT World Bank Task Team Leader: Djeina Issa Kalidi Title: Senior Social Development Specialist Email: dkalidi@worldbank.org TTL Contact: Alex Kamurase Job Title: Senior Social Protection Specialist Email: akamurase@worldbank.org IV. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Feb 06, 2025 Page 10 of 11 The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project (P506969) The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects V. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Djeina Issa Kalidi, Alex Kamurase ADM Environmental Specialist: Fadoumo Ali Malow ADM Social Specialist: Gina Cosentino Public Disclosure Feb 06, 2025 Page 11 of 11