MALAWI GOVERNMENT MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAWI COVID-19 EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND HEALTH SYSTEMS PREPAREDNESS PROJECT (P173806) ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR REHABILITATION WORKS OF THE CHILEKA AIRPORT QUARANTINE UNIT PREPARED BY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS UNIT JANUARY 2025 i Executive Summary 1. Background The Government of Malawi through Ministry of Health is implementing the Malawi COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project (C- ERHSPP) which is being funded by World Bank. The project runs from April 2020 to December 2025. The project is being implemented to prevent, detect and respond to the threat posed by COVID-19 in Malawi and strengthen national systems for public health preparedness in the country. The project includes three components namely 1) Emergency COVID-19 Response, 2) Supporting National and Sub-national, Prevention and Preparedness and 3) Implementation Management and Monitoring and Evaluation with the aim of strengthening the MoH’s capacity to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak and potential future pandemics by enhancing the capacity to prevent further transmission, detecting cases at early stages, and providing appropriate and timely care for those affected by the current COVID-19 outbreak. Through this project, refurbishment and rehabilitation of various health facilities’ infrastructure, purchase and installation of Incinerator units, upgrading X-ray rooms, perimeter fence construction etc. in different health units are being proposed in the country. Among the proposed sub-projects is the rehabilitation of the Chileka Quarantine Unit (CQU). Since Projects and Programs financed with World Bank’s resources need to comply with the Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) for Investment Project Financing as well as the environmental and social legislation of the GOM, the rehabilitation sub- project will have to be undertaken in line with the Government of Malawi and World Bank Environmental and Social Framework requirements, as the implementation of this sub-project is expected to interact with both the social and physical environments in its area of implementation. This interaction will certainly lead to some positive and negative environmental and social risks and impacts that may be positive or negative in nature. In response to the commitments stipulated in the C-ERHSPP ESCP, Labour Management Procedures (LMP), Stakeholders Engagement Plan (SEP) and , project ESMF, an Environmental and Social Screening for renovation works for the Chileka quarantine unit was undertaken which fed into the preparation of this ESMP. This ESMP is for both the construction and operation and maintenance phases. 2. Methodology for developing the ESMP The general steps followed during the assessment were desk studies, physical inspection of the site and surrounding areas, stakeholder consultations, and reporting and documentation. The desk studies involved reviewing project-related documents. Site inspection and stakeholder consultations were conducted between 11th and 13th ii of May 2022. A further follow-up facts verification visit was undertaken by the PIU Team on 04 November 2024. 3. Nature and Scope of the project The project involves the comprehensive Rehabilitation of unoccupied house at Chileka Airport and convert it into Quarantine Unit. The Rehabilitation works for the quarantine facility will comprise the following activities: Minor demolitions, Roof Maintenance (Including Water Proofing), Walls, Carpentry and Joinery works, Plumbing works, Installation of doors and windows, Painting and decoration, Glazing and Electrical works. Figure 1-1 above shows the sections of the building to be rehabilitated into a Covid-19 Quarantine Unit. 4. Summary of positive and negative impacts Anticipated Positive impacts i. Creation of job opportunities ii. Improved project compliance to environmental and social legislations iii. Increased business opportunities iv. Increased access of quarantine facilities v. ii. Improved infrastructure at the airport; vi. ii. Provision of adequate and decent office space and asset creation through the existence of the new rehabilitated office block. Anticipated Negative Impacts i. Occupational Health and Safety Risks Mitigation Measures • Develop and implement Health and Safety Plans • Conduct risk assessment before commencing any works • Conduct regular safety inspections to ensure maximum safety of workers. • Train all workers on proper use and handling of equipment. • Provide all workers with appropriate PPE and effective use of such at all times. • Provide First Aid Kit and Firefighting equipment on the site. • Conduct regular safety Toolbox talks. ii. Risk of structural collapse Mitigation measures • Engage well-qualified and capable contractor for the rehabilitation works iii • Restrict access to the construction site by fencing it off and employing day and night watchmen. • All visitors to the site to be given a safety orientation and provided with PPE such as hard hats. iii. Increased generation of solid waste Mitigation measures; • Prohibit littering inside offices and around the construction site; • Provide bins and must be well labeled; • Remove and dispose of waste that cannot be recycled at council’s licensed dumpsite. • Regular maintenance of toilet facilities. iv. Increased generation of liquid waste Mitigation Measures • The contractor will provide adequate mobile toilets for both male and female workers. • Mobile toilets will be emptied at designated sewage treatment facilities in Blantyre City. • Regular maintenance of toilet facilities. v. Increased generation of health care waste Mitigation measures • Develop and implement waste management plan that include health care waste • Provide sealable waste bags and containers for health care waste, • Identify and label waste bags and containers properly prior to removal. • Dispose heath care waste by incineration at nearby hospital with working incinerator i.e. Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital. vi. Risk of exposure to COVID-19 Mitigation Measures: • Conduct sensitizations COVID-19 symptoms and prevention to workers. • Provide facilities to enhance hygiene i.e. water for washing hands, soap and sanitizers to be made available at all times at the work premises • Make protective face masks available at the workplace for those potentially ill can wear to avoid spreading Covid-19. vii. Increased cases of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) Mitigation measures iv • Conduct thorough background checks on all workers and ensure that those with a history of sexual offenses are not employed on the project. • Ensure workers sign and adhere to code of conduct that prohibits GBV/SEA • Put in a place a GRM committees having GBV/SEA champions • Map out and make available referral and support systems for GBV/SEA survivors viii. Risk of child labour Mitigation Measures • Employ only those aged 18 years and above as workers by checking their national IDs. • Sensitize surrounding communities on child labour ix. Potential for conflicts on water use Mitigation Measures • Develop and implement Water Resources Management Plan • Use water from the Likhubula River for construction purposes • Agree on payment arrangements for water bills by the airport and contractor • Set up an inclusive GRM system to address complaints on the project. 5. Cost of Implementing the ESMP The implementation of this ESMP is estimated to cost MK8, 820,000.00 with MK1,200,000 for capacity building and MK7, 620, 000 for implementation and monitoring. Conclusions This project will likely generate significant socio-economic benefits to the local people around Chileka Airport and the country at large as well as negative environmental and social impacts whose plan for mitigation has been established by this ESMP. The developer should therefore adopt and implement all the recommendations and mitigation measures advanced in this ESMP and respective monitoring plan. The developer should also ensure adequate provision of capacity building to all key stakeholders who will be directly involved in the implementation of the project’s ESMPs, as it is an integral part to ensuring quality safeguards implementation in the project. v List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym Full Meaning AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome BoQ Bill of Quantity CERHSSP Covid-19 Emergency Response and Health Services Support Project COVID-19 Corona Virus Disease DHO District Health Office CQU Chileka Quarantine Unit EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMA Environmental Management Act ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESCP Environment and Social Commitment Plan ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FTCF Fat Track Covid-19 Facility GBV Gender Based Violence GoM Government of Malawi GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GRS Grievance Redress Service HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus MoH Ministry of Health OHS Occupational Health and Safety PDO Project Development Objective PIU Project Implementation Unit PSC Project Steering Committee RBM Reserve Bank of Malawi SATPBHSSP Southern Africa Tuberculosis and Health Services Support Project SEA/SH Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment STI Sexually Transmitted Infections VECs Valued Environmental Components ToR Terms of Reference WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization vi Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ ii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................. vi 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background Information ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives of the ESMP ..................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Justification of the ESMP .................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Spatial Location and Size of Land ................................................................................... 2 1.5 Methodology for preparing an ESMP ............................................................................. 6 1.5.1 Desk Studies ................................................................................................................ 6 1.5.3 Stakeholder consultations ......................................................................................... 7 Chapter 2: Project Description ..................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Project Cost, and Duration and Estimated Number of Employees ................................. 9 2.3 Construction Material .............................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Construction Equipment ................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 3.Policy and Legal Framework ........................................................................................ 10 3.1 Relevant Malawi Policies and Legislation ......................................................................... 11 3.2 World Bank Environmental and Social Framework ........................................................ 15 Chapter 4: Environmental and Social Setting ......................................................................... 16 4.1 Environmental and Social Screening .................................................................................. 17 4.2 Biophysical Characteristics ................................................................................................... 17 4.2.1 Location and Topography................................................................................................ 17 4.2.2 Geology and Soils............................................................................................................. 17 4.2.3 Land Use............................................................................................................................. 17 4.2.4 Vegetation .......................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.5. Flora ................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.5 Climatic Conditions .......................................................................................................... 18 4.3 Facility Management and Health Safety Protocols. ......................................................... 19 4.3.1 Water Supply ..................................................................................................................... 19 4.3.2 Sanitation Facilities ........................................................................................................... 19 4.3.3 Hygiene Practices .............................................................................................................. 19 4.3.4 Waste Management .......................................................................................................... 19 vii 4.3.6 Communication and Transport Systems ....................................................................... 20 4.3.7 Security ............................................................................................................................... 20 Chapter Five: Environmental and Social Impacts Identification and Analysis .................... 20 5.1 Impact identification .............................................................................................................. 20 5.4 Description of Identified Impacts ....................................................................................... 22 5.4.1 Planning and Design Phase ........................................................................................... 22 5.4.2 Construction Phase .......................................................................................................... 22 5.6. Negative impacts during Operation stage and maintenance Phase ........................ 25 5.5 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan implementation cost .......... 50 Chapter 6: Capacity Development, Training and Reporting .................................................... 51 Chapter 7. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) ..................................................................... 53 Chapter 9: Conclusion and Recommendations ........................................................................... 58 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 59 ANNEXURES ..................................................................................................................................... 60 Annex 1: The Approach of Screening Process ........................................................................ 60 Annex 2: Records of Stakeholders Consultation..................................................................... 64 Annex 3. MBS Report on Determination of the presence of Asbestos in Building materials.......................................................................................................................................... 66 viii 1 Introduction This is an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the rehabilitation and refurbishment of a house at Chileka Airport premises in Blantyre City. The main purpose of the works is to convert an isolated house into a Covd-19 Quarantine Unit. Thus, this chapter provides background information on the project, detailing the project proponent, project rationale, objectives for developing the ESMP, methodology employed. 1.1 Background Information An outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading rapidly across the world since December 2019, from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China to 212 countries and territories. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic as the coronavirus rapidly spreads across the world. As of May 07, 2020, the outbreak had already resulted in over 3.8 million cases and over 266,000 deaths. The outbreak had the potential for greater loss of life, significant disruptions in global supply chains, lower commodity prices, and economic losses in both developed and developing countries. The COVID-19 outbreak affected supply chains and disrupting manufacturing operations around the world. The outbreak took place at a time when global economic activity was facing uncertainty and governments had limited policy space to act. The length and severity of impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak depended on the projected length and location(s) of the outbreak, as well as on a concerted, fast track response to support developing countries, where health systems are often weaker. With proactive containment measures, the loss of life and economic impact of the outbreak could be arrested. It was for this background that the international community worked together on the underlying factors that were enabling the outbreak, on supporting policy responses, and on strengthening response capacity in developing countries - where health systems are weakest, and hence populations most vulnerable. 1.2 Objectives of the ESMP The main objective of this ESMP is to improve the overall environmental and social performance and compliance of the proposed project to Malawi and World Bank environmental and social requirements through identifying the potential positive and adverse impacts associated with the project. This process will help enhance beneficial impacts and minimize adverse impacts to ensure the project is implemented in a sustainable manner. The specific Objectives of this ESMP were to: • Identify and assess key potential environmental and social Direct, indirect and cumulative risks and impacts including those on gender, which may be caused by the proposed construction works. 1 • Propose measures that would enhance the positive effects of the proposed constructions and operation activities on both the environment and social components including gender issues in specific sites. • Propose measures that will mitigate the anticipated negative impacts and risks of the proposed constructions and operation activities on both the environment and social components, including gender concerns in specific sites. • To provide baseline information about the environmental, social, economic and cultural conditions in the project area; • To identify project regulatory requirements including Environmental Management Act (2017), National Environmental Policy (2004), Water Resources Act (2013), Land Acquisition Act (2017), the National Sanitation Policy and the World Bank Environmental and Social Framework and Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS). • Conduct stakeholder consultative meetings which inform project key environment, social risks, and mitigation measures; and • Develop a costed ESMP and monitoring plan with clear lines of responsibilities for key stakeholders. • To ensure the project is in compliance to general EHS guidelines including the EHS guidelines for Health Care Facilities. This ESMP is for both the construction and operation and maintenance phases. 1.3 Justification of the ESMP The ESMP has been prepared in line with Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for Malawi of 1997 and specified guidelines. The study was also conducted in line with the World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) and the General Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS) and EHS Guidelines for Health Care Facilities. Specifically ESS1, which requires assessment and management of environmental and social risks and impacts. The Malawi Environment Protection Authority MEPA upon review of the project brief determined that an ESMP be developed. ToRs for the preparation of the ESMP from MEPA are presented in appendix 1. This ESMP was therefore essential as it identifies environmental and social impacts and suggests respective mitigation measures to be implemented throughout the project implementation period. 1.4 Spatial Location and Size of Land Chileka Airport is in Blantyre City, Southern Region, Malawi. It is approximately 10 km west of the M1 Zalewa Road when branching off at Kameza Round The proposed site for the Quarantine Unit is 60M2, located about 500 meters, slightly South-West of the main Airport Terminal building about. The Quarantine Unit is a stand-alone 2 building, with the nearest buildings being those of the Chileka Airport Health Centre, approximately 800 meters away, outside the Airport Fence. The site is an idle stand- alone land with an old house (See Figure 1-1). Figure 1-1: The building to be rehabilitated into a Quarantine Unit for public Health Emergences Figure 1-2 below illustrates the exact location of the Chileka Quarantine location at the Chileka Airport. So does Figure 1-3. 3 Figure 1-2: Map of Chileka Airport Location 4 Figure 1-3: Hand Drawn Map signifying where the Quarantine Unit is located (Red Block in the Map) 5 1.5 Methodology for preparing an ESMP The general steps followed during the assessment were desk studies, physical inspection of the site and surrounding areas, stakeholder consultations, and reporting and documentation. 1.5.1 Desk Studies The desk studies involved a review of Project Appraisal Document (PAD), Project Implementation Manual (PIM), World Banks Environmental and Social Framework (ESF), WB Industry EHS guidelines, Malawi CERHSPP Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP), Labour Management Plan (LMP), the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP), designs of the rehabilitation works, and the socioeconomic profile for Blantyre City Council. 1.5.2 Physical Inspection of Project Sites The Malawi Covid-19 Emergency Response and Health Services Support Project (CERHSSP) intends to renovate the Chileka Airport Quarantine unit, which is one of the main port entrances in the country. Chileka Airport is one of the two international airports and is such important in ensuring the management of Covid-19 cases coming into the country. The inspection had the following objectives: i) Inspect the quarantine unit to assess the type and nature of renovations to be conducted. ii) Conduct environmental and social screening of the proposed renovation works. (The inspection was conducted by a team from PHIM, PIU and the Planning Department within the Ministry of Health. The Team utilized the check list as present in Annexure 1.). Table 1-1: Summary of the obervations during site visit to the proposed Chileka Quarantine Unit building SN Observations Recommendations 1 The house is currently not being used and it is in The unit has been redesigned to dilapidated state. The unit was initially designed take into consideration the IPC and used as an ordinary house for airport staff and requirements such as having as such does not meet the infection prevention and separate entry and exits. control (IPC) requirements for a quarantine/isolation unit. 6 SN Observations Recommendations 2 The bathroom has a bathtub for common use and The bathroom have been the sinks and toilets are out of service. redesigned to put in shower cubicles and remove the bathtub. The worn-out sinks and toilet should be replaced. 3 The electrical system is not working as expected New wiring system will be and there is poor workmanship as electrical wire installed to avoid fire accidents are not in conduit pipes especially in the ceiling. and also necessitate power is available in all points of the unit 4 The roof and ceiling are old and need to be Renovate the roof and ceiling replaced 5 The walls are stained with dirt and have dust that The walls have to be cleaned by has settled for a long time painting 6 The unit has dilapidated furniture such as beds and Provide new furniture for the office desks. isolation unit 1.5.3 Stakeholder consultations The stakeholder consultation involved a discussion with the Port Health officials from Chileka Airport, the airport management and Blantyre DHO officials; the sector that will be involved in the implementation of the project activities aimed at getting their views on the project design and the ESMP in order to ensure that key stakeholders is input is considered. During the Stakeholder consultations the anticipated potential positive and negative impacts were also discussed. 1.4.2 Environmental and Social Screening The extent of environmental and social work required, to mitigate adverse impacts for the renovation works, depended on the outcome of the screening process. The environmental and social screening process aimed at assessing whether the renovation works are likely to have potential negative environmental and social impacts. Environmental and social screening were done by completing the Environmental and Social Screening Form attached as Annex 1. The screening outcome was that the project will not have any significant environmental and social impacts and as such it is a moderate risk project, which does not require further environmental and social assessments. However this abbreviated Plan has been prepared to provide guidance to the contractor and the Ministry of Health during the construction and operation and maintenance phase of the project. 7 Chapter 2: Project Description 2.1. Nature of the Project The project involves the comprehensive Rehabilitation of unoccupied house at Chileka Airport and convert it into Quarantine Unit. The Rehabilitation works for the quarantine facility will comprise the following activities: Minor demolitions, Roof Maintenance (Including Water Proofing), Walls, Carpentry and Joinery works, Plumbing works, Installation of doors and windows, Painting and decoration, Glazing and Electrical works. Figure 1-1 above shows the building to be rehabilitated into a Covid-19 Quarantine Unit. The project will employ about 35 people during construction phase. The quarantine unit will comprise the following; 1 reception, 2 wards with 2 beds each, 3 toilets/ waterclosets, 2 Offices, kitchen and a verander. Figure 2.1: Lay out plan for Chileka Quarantine Unit. 8 2.2 Project Cost, and Duration and Estimated Number of Employees The project costs is estimated at 237,000 USD or MK 411, 516,135.00 and is expected to be completed in six months. The rehabilitation works will require between 35 people, with the roles depicted inTable 2-2. Gender representation will be prioritised, striving for at least 30% representation of females wherever feasible. Table 2-2: Proposed Rehabilitation Workforce Role Number of Workers Project Manager 1 Site Supervisor/Foreman 1 Architect/Engineer 1 Masons/Bricklayers 5 Carpenters 5 Plumbers 7 Electricians 2 Laborers 4-5 Painters/Plasterers 1-2 2.3 Construction Material Table 2-3 provides estimates based on standard practices and the assumed size and scope of the project. Considering local material availability and specific project requirements, the estimated materials and quantities are not final and can change. Table 2-3: Estimated Construction Material and its Usage Component Material Quantity Walls Concrete Blocks 3,500 blocks Mortar (cement and sand) 40 bags of cement, 5 m³ sand Roof Steel Roofing Sheets 130 square meters Timber for Roof Trusses 1.0 cubic meters 9 Component Material Quantity Flooring Concrete 8 cubic meters Screed Finish 5 bags of cement, 2 m³ sand Doors and Steel Doors 3 units Windows Steel Windows 8 units Paint Exterior and Interior Paint 50 liters (exterior), 40 liters (interior) Finishing Plaster (internal) 5 bags of cement, 1 m³ sand 2.4 Construction Equipment In a low-construction technology setting such as Malawi, the construction equipment will typically be more basic and less mechanized. Table 2- 4 below provides a summary of construction equipment for the construction phase. Table 2-4: Summary of Construction Material and Equipment SN Raw Material Source Mode of Delivery 1 Diesel (for the operation of the Local approved suppliers Road truck generator and machinery) 2 Construction Water Existing water sources from Likhubula river a) Likhubula River Existing water construction activities ; and mains b) Southern Region Water Board for drinking and cooking and other domestic parposes 3 Equipment (Tippers, scaffolding Contractor Road truck materials, light passenger vehicles, Engine generator and hand tools) Chapter 3.Policy and Legal Framework This chapter provides a review of the legal framework relevant to the proposed project and outlines its potential impacts on the project. It also references key legislation. Additionally, the chapter offers an account of all the regulatory licenses and approvals necessary for the proposed project to align with environmentally sound management practices and comply with pertinent existing legislation. 10 3.1 Relevant Malawi Policies and Legislation Malawi, committed to the 1992 Rio Declaration's Principle 17, mandates environmental impact assessments (EIA) for activities with significant environmental impacts. The project aligns with the 2017 EMA and various sectoral policies, ensuring sustainable environmental management and responsible resource use. Table 3-1 below highlights the relevant policies and legislative frameworks. Table 3-1: Relevant Polices and Legislative Frameworks to the project Piece of Description Relevance to Project Activities Legislation National The policy provides strategies for environmental and Project activities will integrate Environmental social planning, environmental and social impact environmental and social management Policy (2004) assessment, environmental and social audits, and and protection during project planning environmental and social monitoring, among others. On and implementation. ESIAs, the objective is to regularly review and administer the guidelines for ESIAs, audits, monitoring, and evaluation so that adverse environmental and social impacts can be eliminated or mitigated and environmental and social benefits enhanced. Environmental The Act is the main law for environmental protection The proposed works will comply with Management and sustainable resource use. Section 7 establishes Malawi's 2017 Environment Act (2017) MEPA and its authority over environmental Management Act, ensuring MEPA assessments. Section 31provides requirements for approval for ESMP, adherence to MEPA approval for projects needing an ESIA. Sections environmental standards, and 99-104 prescribe penalties for ESIA non-compliance, avoidance of non-compliance penalties. hazardous substance mismanagement, and pollution, including fines of up to fifty million Kwacha and imprisonment of up to fifteen years. National The National Gender Policy provides guidelines to The proposed project will contribute to Gender Policy reduce gender inequalities, promote participation, and addressing GBV by identifying risks and (2015) achieve equitable development. Section 1.3 provides mitigation measures for workers and guidelines for mainstreaming gender, and section 3.6 surrounding communities, sexual promotes the economic development and exploitation (for those seeking job empowerment of women. Section 3.7 recognizes that opportunities), sexual harassment at the GBV, especially violence against women, girls, and workplace, and other GBV related vulnerable groups, severely impedes social well-being spillover effects of the project. and poverty reduction. Gender The Act in Chapter 25:06 promotes gender equality and The implication of the Act on the Equality Act equal integration, influences empowerment, dignity, proposed project is that sexual (2015) and opportunities for men and women in all functions harassment must be addressed by 11 Piece of Description Relevance to Project Activities Legislation of society, prohibits and provides redress for sex contractors holistically, including by discrimination, harmful practices, and sexual instituting the measures prescribed by harassment, provides for public awareness on the law. promotion of gender equality and connected matters. Section 6(1) of the Act states that a person who commits an act of harassment if he or she engages in any form of unwanted verbal, non-verbal, or physical conduct of a sexual nature in the circumstances would have anticipated that the other person would be offended, humiliated or intimidated, and (2) a person who sexually harasses another in terms of the preceding subsection is liable to a fine and imprisonment specified under subsection (2). National Water Section 1.3 of the National Water Policy explains that the The project activities have the potential Policy (2005) policy provides an enabling framework for integrated to negatively affect the water resources water resources management in Malawi. Section 3.4.9 of the rivers in the project area. It is stresses that Pollution control of water resources shall therefore recommended that the adopt the ‘Polluter–Pays’ principle to ensure water implementation of the project's activities user's responsibility. Section 5 points out that should minimize pollution of the public environmental degradation has negatively affected water, promoting public health and surface and groundwater quality, among other factors. hygiene and environmental Section 5.2.2 - Ensuring and promoting proper sustainability. management and disposal of wastes. National The National Sanitation Policy provides a vehicle to The proposed project will ensure that Sanitation transform Malawi's hygiene and sanitation situation. liquid and solid waste management Policy (2008) Section 3.1.1 promotes the improvement of hygiene, encourages waste reduction, recycling, sanitation, and waste recycling in the country. and reuse before final disposal, complying with the policy's provisions. National HIV The policy aims to prevent HIV infections, reduce The proposed project will implement an and AIDS vulnerability, improve treatment and support for those HIV/AIDS policy and support program, Policy (2005) living with HIV/AIDS, and mitigate its socio-economic ensuring no pre-employment HIV impact. Chapter 7 addresses HIV/AIDS in the testing or discrimination based on HIV workplace, highlighting issues like absenteeism, low status. Employees will not be forced to productivity, and discrimination. disclose their HIV status, and any voluntary disclosures will remain confidential. 12 Piece of Description Relevance to Project Activities Legislation National The Policy promotes the rights of people with The policy on the proposed project Equalization of disabilities and integrates them to enable them to play a implies that the contractor will be Opportunities full and participatory role in society. required to provide job opportunities to for Persons people with disabilities to ensure that with Section 2, subsections 2.3 and 2.4.8 of the policy state they are also economically empowered. Disabilities that people with disabilities are most affected by poor Policy (2006) infrastructure, such as buildings not designed to accommodate or meet their special needs. Similarly, Subsection 2.45 of the policy states that people with disabilities have restricted employment opportunities, mainly due to discrimination, inadequate education, job experience, and confidence. Disability Act This act is a significant step towards ensuring equal The project will ensure that buildings, (2013) opportunities and rights for persons with disabilities. facilities, and infrastructure are Promoting policies and legislation that aim to equalize accessible to all persons with opportunities, protect rights, and fully integrate persons disabilities. and promote equal with disabilities into all aspects of life recognizes their employment opportunities for persons inherent dignity and well-being. Sections 9 and 13 of the with disabilities. acts are particularly commendable, as they prohibit discrimination in accessing premises, provision of services, and employment opportunities based on disability. Public Health The Public Health Act of 1948 governs health-related The proposed projects must ensure Act (1948) issues, including environmental and occupational suitable toilet facilities for all genders, health and solid waste management. Section 59 manage stormwater effectively and prohibits nuisances in workplaces, such as unclean prevent nuisances to maintain public conditions, offensive odours, poor ventilation, and health and safety. Compliance with inadequate lighting, which endanger employee health. these provisions is essential for the It also addresses the need for sanitary latrines and project's success. proper wastewater discharge. Section 88 mandates separate toilets for males and females in public buildings. Occupation The Act regulates employment conditions for safety, Safety measures, particularly shielding Safety, Health, health, and welfare in workplaces in Malawi. It and limiting radiation exposure, will be and Welfare mandates workplace registration, inspection of plants prioritized. Personal protective Act (1997) and machinery, and accident prevention. Part II requires equipment will be used supplementally workplaces to be registered with the director or in emergencies. The Airport must maintaining a register. Part III outlines employer duties, implement all ESMP safety measures. including providing safe work systems, risk-free 13 Piece of Description Relevance to Project Activities Legislation handling of substances, and adequate employee training and supervision. Environment The regulations, under the Environment Management The health facility must manage all Management Act, expand on the 1948 Public Health Act. Hazardous waste during rehabilitation, ensuring (Waste waste is identified by categories in the Seventh Schedule compliance with these regulations for Management and characteristics in the Eighth Schedule, such as safe storage, handling, and disposal to and Sanitation) corrosiveness and flammability. Section 8 mandates protect public health and the Regulations waste generators to safely store general waste to prevent environment. (2008) health hazards. Environment These Regulations shall apply to any person in Malaŵi The Chileka quarantines will be in Management whose undertaking involves or includes the compliance to these regulation during (Chemicals and manufacturing, repackaging, importation, exportation, comnstruction as well as operation toxic transportation, distribution, sale or other mode of phase of the project by obtaining substances handling toxic substances and chemicals and in respect necessary licences under the regulation management) of any activity in relation to toxic substances and to import, transport and handle any Regulations chemicals which involves a risk of harm to human chemicals and toxic substance (2008) health or the environment. Public Health Public Health rules mandate both employers and The Ministry of Labour will inspect Corona Virus employees to implement general preventive measures, workplaces for adherence. The Disease of 2019 such as self-quarantine for at-risk individuals, covering developer of the two proposed projects (COVID-19) mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, avoiding must ensure COVID-19 guidelines are (Prevention, touching the face, eating thoroughly cooked food, and implemented and followed by both Containment avoiding handshakes and close contact. Employers employers and employees. and must form a team to implement these guidelines and Management) disseminate them to all employees. Employees must Rules (2020) cooperate and report non-compliance. Child Care, The Act in Part II, division 6, emphasizes the protection The implication of the Act on the Protection and of children from undesirable practices. The undesirable proposed project is that plans and Justice practices are outlined in sections 79 and 80. Section 79 of strategies must be in place to guard (Amendment) the Act protects any child from child trafficking. Section against child trafficking, including Act (2010) 80 protects a child from harmful cultural practices. through recruitment (child labor). Penal Code, Section 138 (1) of the Penal Code punishes the The ESMP has articulated how project Chapter 7:01 defilement of girls under sixteen years of age will guard against the perpetuation of (punishable with life imprisonment). Sexual abuse and the crime by project workers. 14 Piece of Description Relevance to Project Activities Legislation exploitation of children is a common practice in construction in sites. 3.2 World Bank Environmental and Social Framework The World Bank Environmental and Social Framework sets out the World Bank’s commitment to sustainable development through a Bank Policy and a set of Environmental and Social Standards designed to support Borrowers’ projects to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity. The Environmental and Social Standards set out the requirements for Borrowers relating to the identification and assessment of environmental and social risks and impacts associated with projects supported by the Bank through Investment Project Financing. The Environmental and Social Standards that apply to the project are given in Table 3-2. Table 3-2: Relevance of WB Environmental and Social Standards to the project Environmental Main requirements and conducted activities to meet them & Social Standards ESS 1 - ESS1 sets out the Client’s responsibilities for assessing, managing, and monitoring Assessment environmental and social risks and impacts associated with each stage of a project supported by and the Bank through Investment Project Financing, to achieve environmental and social outcomes Management consistent with the Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs). The objective of the standard is of to identify, assess, evaluate, and manage environmental and social risks and impacts in a manner Environmental consistent with the ESF. Adopt differentiated measures so that adverse impacts do not fall and Social disproportionately on the disadvantaged or vulnerable, and they are not disadvantaged in Risks and sharing development benefits and opportunities. The proposed work has identified E&S risks and Impacts impacts based on consultations with health facility stakeholders. This ESMP has also been prepared in line with the standard. ESS 2 – Labour ESS2 recognizes the importance of employment creation and income generation in the pursuit and Working of poverty reduction and inclusive economic growth. Borrowers can promote sound worker- Conditions management relationships and enhance the development benefits of a project by treating workers in the project fairly and providing safe and healthy working conditions. ESS2 applies to project workers, including full-time, part-time, temporary, seasonal, and migrant workers. The project has a Labour Management Plan that guides implementation of its activities, and this will apply to this sub-project. This ESMP has also identified impacts related to labour and working conditions and their mitigation measures are also provided. ESS 3 – ESS3 Promote the sustainable use of resources, including energy, water, and raw materials. Recourse and Avoid or minimize adverse impacts on human health and the environment caused by pollution Efficiency, from project activities. Avoid or minimize project-related emissions of short and long-lived Pollution climate pollutants. Avoid or minimize generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Minimize and manage the risks and impacts associated with pesticide use. Requires technically 15 Prevention and and financially feasible measures to improve efficient consumption of energy, water, and raw Management materials, and introduces specific requirements for water efficiency where a project has high water demand. The MCERHSP project has prepared a Construction Manual for construction workers that will guide them in environmentally friendly construction methods that will use cement blocks but also promote efficient energy and water usage and management during construction. ESS 4 – ESS4 addresses the health, safety, and security risks and impacts on project-affected Community communities and the corresponding responsibility of Borrowers to avoid or minimize such risks Health and and impacts, with particular attention to people who, because of their circumstances, may be Safety vulnerable. The construction works under the MCERHSP project will take place in Airports where there will be patients that need special protection from possible accidents. The project has ensured that the ESMP documents has provided mitigation measures to ensure community safety. ESS 10 – This ESS recognizes the importance of open and transparent engagement between the borrower Stakeholder and project stakeholders as an essential element of good international practice. Effective Engagement stakeholder engagement can improve the environmental and social sustainability of projects, and enhance project acceptance, and make a significant contribution to successful project design and Information implementation. The MCERHSP project has been engaging with stakeholders and will continue to do Disclosure so throughout the project life cycle. This ESMP also has a Grievance Redress Mechanism that is to be used at each project site and this GRM is in line with provisions of the projects Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP). 3.3. List of licenses and permits to be obtained List of statutory approvals or Legal and regulatory Responsible institution licenses to be obtained reference for processing approval or license Environmental approval Environment Malawi Environment Management Act (2017) Protection Authority Planning Permission Physical Planning Act No. Blantyre District Council 17 of 2016 Permission to Develop Physical Planning Act No. Blantyre District Council 17 of 2016 Approval to transport, store, and Local Government Act Blantyre District Council dispose of waste (1998) EMA, 2017 and MEPA Workplace Registration Occupational Health, Safety Ministry of Labor Certificate and Welfare Act (Cap 55:01) Chapter 4: Environmental and Social Setting This chapter provides an overview of the existing environment related to the proposed project areas, covering physical, biological, socio-economic, and structural aspects. It offers basic baseline information within the project area, serving as a foundation for understanding potential changes resulting from project implementation or future 16 environmental shifts. This information also contributes to the baseline data set for future planning within the project area. 4.1 Environmental and Social Screening The extent of environmental and socials work required, to mitigate adverse impacts for the renovation works, depended on the outcome of the screening process. The environmental and social screening process aimed at assessing whether the renovation works are likely to have potential negative environmental and social impacts. Environmental and social screening were done by completing the Environmental and Social Screening Form attached as Annex 1. 4.2 Biophysical Characteristics 4.2.1 Location and Topography Located at Latitude: -15.681111; Longitude: 34.971667, in Chileka, Traditional Authority Kuntaja, Blantyre, in Southern Malawi, the quarantine unit is found within the Chileka airport compound. The airport is located approximately 16.2 km by road, northwest of Blantyre, the second largest city in the Republic of Malawi and the country's commercial and financial capital. During the screening exercise biophysical and social characteristics of the project area were also analysed. The screening provided for a measure of the existing state of the environment against which future changes imposed by the project could be measured and monitored. However, the quarantine unit proposed building is on a flat area. 4.2.2 Geology and Soils The geology of the area is defined by several key features. The primary geological formation comprises Precambrian basement complex rocks, including granites, gneisses, and schists. These ancient rocks form the region's foundation and are typical of the African Shield. Minerals such as quartz and feldspar are available in the area; however, there are no significant commercial mining activities near the Airport. The Soils in the project area range from loam, sandy loam and are generally fertile, and suitable for crops. 4.2.3 Land Use The proposed project's primary land use is a Airport facility, which includes Airport buildings, the Aero plane Landing Tarmark, parking lots, support services areas, and security infrastructure. These elements are strategically planned to ensure efficient passage care, safety, and sustainability. 17 4.2.4 Vegetation The proposed project site is an already existing public facility within Chileka airport premises. The site’s green spaces are mainly landscaped grounds. These areas are typically planted with a variety of ornamental trees, grasses and shrubs. There are no tree species around the proposed site. 4.2.5. Flora The project site is an existing Chileka Quarantine area, and hence is not rich in fauna diversity due to the current land use. During sites visits, a few birds, reptiles, amphibians were spotted at the site. This implies that the project will not have significant negative impacts or disturbance of threatened (there are no known endangered or threated species in the area) fauna in the area but measures will be put in place to protect the few species of fauna in the area. 4.2.5 Climatic Conditions This section highlights key factors, including temperature, rainfall, and wind speed, all of which significantly impact the surrounding area. 4.2.5.1 Temperature The area experiences two distinct seasons, a cool, dry season that runs from June to August and a rainy season from October to April. Average annual rainfall for the area is 750mm. The district generally experiences a hot to warm climate with mean annual temperature of 27�C. 4.2.5.2 Rainfall Trend Rainfall around Chileka Airport is characterized by a distinct wet and dry season typical of the region's tropical climate. The area receives an average annual rainfall of approximately 1,200 to 1,800 millimeters (47 to 71 inches). The wet season typically spans from November to April, with frequent and often heavy rainfall peaking between December and March. The dry season, lasting from May to October, is marked by minimal rainfall and generally dry conditions. 4.2.5.3 Average Humidity The average humidity around Blantyre and Chileka, Malawi, reflects the region's tropical climate and varies seasonally. The annual average relative humidity is approximately 75- 80%. During the wet season (November to April), humidity levels are higher, often exceeding 80%, due to frequent rainfall and increased moisture in the air. In the dry season (May to October), humidity levels are lower, typically from 60% to 70%, due to reduced rainfall and drier air masses. Humidity levels fluctuate during the day, being 18 lower in the mid-afternoon when temperatures peak and higher in the early morning and late evening. At night, humidity tends to increase as temperatures drop and moisture condenses. 4.3 Facility Management and Health Safety Protocols. 4.3.1 Water Supply Likhubula river is the main source of surface water in the area. There is also piped water at the facility supplied by the Southern Region Water Board (SRWB) paid for by Chileka Airport. For construction purposes, the contractor will use water from the nearby Likhubula river The contractor will only use NRWB water for cooking, drinking and other domestic purposes upon agreeing with the Chileka Airport management on payment of water bills. 4.3.2 Sanitation Facilities In the house that is being considered from being a normal house and converted into a Chileka Airport Quarantine Unit, there existing two toilets that are already connected to the Chileka airport sewer line. However, since the house has been out of use for a long period, these toilets have not been in use and require rehabilitation to be fully functional. This rehabilitation will involve repairing or replacing broken equipment thus ensuring the availability of necessary facilities and maintaining cleanliness and hygiene standards. Additionally, temporary sanitation of mobile latrines will be necessary for usage by the construction workers. 4.3.3 Hygiene Practices The Airport is generally equipped with handwashing stations in the terminal building, each stocked with hand sanitizers, to promote hygiene practices throughout the premises. They also have designated waste bins that collect and segregate waste. These facilities will also be provide at the project site during both construction and operation and maintenance phases. 4.3.4 Waste Management Currently, Waste from various Airport departments is collected and disposed of accordingly. The normal Municipal waste management system is utilized. The non- infectious waste, including paper and packaging, is placed in designated bins, which are collected by the Blantyre City Council for disposal of at MZEDI controlled waste Dumpsite in Blantyre, since there is no designated waste disposal site at Chileka Airport. For Health Care waste, the waste will be incinerated offsite at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital that has a working incinerator. 19 4.3.6 Communication and Transport Systems According to Blantyre District Socio-Economic Profiles (2017-2022), Telekom Networks Malawi Limited (TNM) and Airtel are the main providers of mobile phone services in the project area, resulting in widespread cellular network coverage. At the facility, they usually use MTL. 4.3.7 Security Being part of high security Zones in Malawi, Chileka Airport’s security includes perimeter fencing and gates, with the Police Station within the Airport area. Visitor access is regulated and monitored to maintain a secure environment for passengers, staff, and visitors and ensure safety across the Airport grounds. 4.4 Social Characteristics 4.4.1 Demographic and settlement pattern: The project site is surrounded by a community of around 2000 households who live dominantly in a high-density settlement pattern. 4.4.2 Land administration and ownership: The quarantine unit is in a compound owned by Airport Development Limited. The house is currently not used and in dilapidated state. The house was previously used as a dwelling unit for Chileka Airport staff. 4.4.3 Agriculture services: Smallholder subsistence urban farming takes place in a few isolated small fields around the airport. Chapter Five: Environmental and Social Impacts Identification and Analysis This chapter outlines the anticipated beneficial and adverse impacts, direct and indirect, on each environmental feature at the project site. 5.1 Impact identification Identifying impacts involves considering positive and negative effects resulting from the interaction between project-related activities and valued environmental components (VECs). These VECs encompass physical, biological, social, economic, or cultural aspects. The potential environmental impacts identified are based on the interactions between project activities and selected VECs. The selection of VECs was informed by the existing project environment (environmental baseline conditions), stakeholder consultations, and 20 the consultant’s professional judgment. The potential interactions between the project - related activities and the selected VECs for each project implementation phase are illustrated in Error! Reference source not found.. Table 5-1: Potential Interactions of the Project with VECs. for the Rehabilitation of Chileka Airport Quarantine Unit Rehabilitation Finishing Demobilization Operation Activity Code P1 P2 P3 P4 VEC Air Quality - - - - Noise & Vibration x - - - Water Resources x x x x Aquatic Ecosystem - - - - Wetlands - - - - Terrestrial Biodiversity - - - - Public Health & Safety x x x x Labour & Economic Conditions x x x x Service Infrastructure & Utilities x x x x Transportation & Access x x x x Land Use & Resources - - - - Soil and Land Capability - - - - Visual Impact x x - - Waste Management x x x x Social Dynamics and Community Well- x x x x being Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas - - - - Emissions 21 Rehabilitation Finishing Demobilization Operation Hazardous Materials and x x x x Contamination Risks Cultural & Historical Heritage - - - - Key No Substantial Interaction - Possible Interaction x 5.4 Description of Identified Impacts This section outlines the project's potential positive and negative impacts at planning, construction, demobilization and operation phases. The construction phase has been subdivided into specific activities to track the specific impacts. 5.4.1 Planning and Design Phase 5.4.1.1 Anticipated Positive Impacts i. Enhanced Employment opportunities The developer shall employ people to undertake various surveys and designs and environmental assessment studies. The developer shall maximize employment of Malawians, both men and women. In these recruitments, qualified women shall be given priority. 5.4.2 Construction Phase 5.4.2.1 Anticipated Positive Impacts The positive impacts of the proposed project under construction phase are described in the subsections below. i. Creation of job opportunities During the construction phase, the contractor will employ construction staff that will form his execution workforce to help deliver the targeted output. The impact is short- term as it will last for the construction period only. Hence the impact is of low significance. ii. Increased business opportunities 22 The potential impact is positive and socio- economic in nature. The impact is likely to be caused by increased economic activities e.g. small and medium enterprises around the project area in response to the demand for various goods such as food items, created by people working on the project site. People from local communities are likely to engage in small-scale businesses selling the demanded items and commodities. 5.4.2.2 Positive impacts during operation phase i. Increased access of quarantine facilities to COVID 19 for patients The rehabilitation of the quarantine facility at Chileka Airport will create a more efficient and patient-centered environment, ensuring that COVID 19 patients receive timely and appropriate care. This will increase access to the patients who could not have managed to access the same. ii. Improved infrastructure at the airport; The building which will have a modern outlook will improve the general infrastructure outlook of the Chileka airport. ii. Provision of adequate and decent office space and asset creation through the existence of the new rehabilitated office block. The rehabilitation of the building will provide good office facilities to COVID 19 health officers at Chileka airport. The building will also offer patients with modern facilities. 5.5 Anticipated Negative Impacts i. Increased Generation of solid wastes The refurbishment activities will generate many types and varying quantities of wastes that will include construction rubbles, demolition minor works, wood from existing doors, toilets, bathtub iron sheets and packaging materials. The waste will be stored temporarily on the site in an enclosed and secure area within the project area with limited access. The waste will then be disposed at Blantyre City designated disposal area and rubble from minor demolitions may be used to fill potholes and gullies in the area in consultation with Blantyre city council and Chileka Airport Management. ii. Increased generation of and exposure to hazardous wastes. Construction works will utilize materials such paints and petroleum products. This can result in generation of hazardous wastes such as paints cans and remains, broken glasses and oils and/or creating hazardous environment. iii. Increased generation of liquid waste 23 Workers at the construction site will increase the amount of waste generated at chileka airport which may result in increased pressure on available sanitary facilities. iv. Increase risk of Occupational Health and Safety The work site will have the potential for accidents and injuries. Workers involved in construction works will be exposed to various occupational risks; the project activities will bring about hazards such as working at height; use of electrical tools; trips and falls, use of hazardous and flammable chemicals, injuries from removing old materials and improper storage of removed materials just to mention a few. v. Visual Intrusion The construction site is expected not to be a pleasant site to look at due to construction works such as stockpiling of materials and mixing of concrete. The rehabilitation works may contribute to reducing the aesthetic value of the land. x. Risk of structural collapse Unstable structures can unexpectedly collapse during rehabilitation, posing risks to workers and bystanders’ xi. Risk of fire and explosions The old buildings has electric wire embedded within their walls. Rehabilitation process shall need to work out the most safety measures to avoid electric shocks, fires and explosions that may erupt as a result of mishandling. xii. Increased cases of child labour Evidence has shown that child labour is mostly engaged by subcontractors, sometimes with the aid of the community in pursuit of benefits. Contractors are also known to recruit under aged children to carry out some work, mostly on short-term casual labour arrangements, especially offsite. xiii. Conflicts over use of water The construction project shall require water for the construction activities. Chileka Airport being a big facility, also requires huge amount of water to sustain its services. These two water requirements may lead to conflicts between Airport staff, passengers, construction workers and construction works. xiv. Increased spread of spread of STIs, HIV and AIDS The project activities will lead to an increase of interactions at the Chileka Airport. These interactions may be amongst workers and the Airports’ community. These interactions 24 may consequently increase the likelihood of spreading HIV and AIDS. It is therefore important for the Project to put in place measures to control the spread of the disease in the workplace. xv. Increase in spread of Infectious Diseases (Cholera and Covid 19) The increased interactions may increase the likelihood of spreading Cholera and Covid 19. It is therefore important for the Project to put in place measures to control the spread of the disease in the workplace. xvi. Increased cases of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) The construction site has the potential to create environments where gender-based violence (GBV) and sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) may occur. These impacts can affect both workers and the surrounding community, including Airport staff, patients, and residents. xvii. Nuisance originating from smelly chemicals used during rehabilitation Chemicals from paints and other materials during construction phase having strong odor may cause a nuisance to workers and surrounding communities. 5.6. Negative impacts during Operation stage and maintenance Phase i. Increased vulnerabilities amongst the persons living with physical disabilities in accessing the facilities Access into the building may be challenging to persons living with physical disabilities if the structure is constructed with non-disability friendly features. vii. Increased consumption of energy and water The quarantine unit will use more water and electricity during operation and maintenance stage. This will increase energy and water demand and increase pressure on the utilities and hence, affecting supply. viii. Increased risk of generation of solid and liquid waste During the operation and maintenance phase, it is anticipated that solid waste will be generated from different sources such as clearing dust from the floor, stationery, worn out office furniture, disposable water tumblers, used cartoons, and broken tiles among others. If left unattended, they may cause injuries to workers, visitors and customers. ix. Increased generation of health care waste 25 During the operation and maintenance phase, there will be an increase in the generation of health care waste from the quarantine unit. x. Increased risk of fire and explosions Electrical Hazards can aggravate the risk of fire and explosions especially during operation. This impact is especially critical in a healthcare setting, where vulnerable patients, medical equipment, and hazardous substances are present. xi. Risk of exposure to COVID-19 The quarantine unit will during Operation Phase be handling COVID-19 patients risking exposure of the disease to health care workers. 5.3 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the Quarantine Unit Below is a summary of the anticipated environmental and social risks associated with the rehabilitation works and provisions for managing them. The rehabilitation works are projected to take a maximum period of 6 months. The implementation and monitoring of this ESMP is estimated to cost MWK7,620,000.00 26 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 1.0 IDENTIFIED POSITIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT 1.1 Creation of job Employ locals where Number of 12 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Salaries project opportunities possible local people PIU, Blantyre construct cost employed by District ion contractor Council 1.2 Promotion of Train employed locals Number of 12 Contractor, C-ERHSPP During Training local skills and and the technicians people trained PIU, Blantyre construct material knowledge to District ion s, site technicians Council allowanc and local workers e 1.3 Provision of Periodic maintenance Frequency of 1 MoH C-ERHSPP During Paint, adequate and of the building to keep maintenance PIU, Blantyre operation brushes 0.00 decent office it in shape per year District space for Port Council Health officers at Chileka 27 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 1.4 Improved Periodic maintenance Frequency of 1 MoH C-ERHSPP During Paint, infrastructure at of the building to keep maintenance PIU, Blantyre operation brushes the airport; it in shape per year District Council 1.5 Improved Pay worker according Number of 12 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Salary - household to approved labour households PIU, Blantyre construct income levels to law with income District ion the community improved Council members who will be employed 1.6 Improved Buy merchandise from Frequency of 1 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Capital business local sellers buying per PIU, Blantyre Rehabilit 0.00 opportunity to day District ation surrounding Council local community due to worker migration 28 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 1.7 Asset creation Proper maintenance of Frequency of 1 MoH C-ERHSPP During Paint, through the the building maintenance PIU, Blantyre operation brushes 0.00 existence of the per year District new Council rehabilitated office block 2.0 IDENTIFIED NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT 2.1 Nuisance Provide face masks to Number of 20 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Masks 80,000 originating from construction workers masks PIU, District construct smelly chemicals and ensure less toxic Council ion used during substitute chemicals rehabilitation are used instead of more toxic ones 2.2 Increased Provide waste Number of 2 Contractor During Bins 200,000 generation of receptacles in strategic bins provided construct solid waste from places on site on site ion 29 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) construction Dispose waste such as Amount of 4 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Bins, 1,000,000 materials rubble in recognized solid waste PIU, District construct Fuel dumpsites in (tonnage) Council ion and vehicle, consultation with dumped in operation Blantyre District recognized Council or Department dumpsites 35 of Civil Aviation Number of Provide waste workers receptacles at strategic trained locations Develop and implement waste management plan Train workers in proper waste management 30 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Use rabble to fill gullies and potholes Designate an enclosed temporary waste storage areas for waste/ removed materials before final disposal at designated BCC disposal sites 2.3 Risk of injuries Provide personal Number of 20 Contractor C-ERHSPP During PPEs 2,000,000 by construction protective equipment PPE sets PIU, Blantyre construct workers. (PPE) to workers and provided District ion enforce its use Daily Council Frequency of Develop and tool box talks implement Health and Safety plans 31 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Train workers in proper handling of equipment. Properly store removed materials in an enclosed area to avoid injuries to workers. Conduct regular safety toolbox talks (working at height, concrete mixing etc.) Use well guarded equipment 2.4 Risk of injuries Screen off the project Perimeter of 200 m Contractor C-ERHSPP During Red tape 500,000 to site to limit access site PIU, Blantyre construct District ion Council 32 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) community Sensitize workers and Number of 1 Blantyre C-ERHSPP During Fuel 1,000,000 members surrounding sensitization District PIU, Blantyre construct Stationar community members meetings Council District ion Council y on occupational health conducted hazards associated Allowan Number of with the project ces grievances 0 Put in place function and inclusive GRM 2.5 Risk of sexual Sensitize workers and Number of 2 Blantyre C-ERHSPP During Fuel 1,000,000 exploitation and surrounding sensitization District PIU, Blantyre construct Stationar gender-based community members meetings Council District ion y violence on issues of sexual conducted Council exploitation and Allowan Number of gender-based violence ces grievances 0 Develop and implement GBV/SEA plan 33 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Conduct thorough background checks on prospective employees to avoid recruiting sex offenders Put in place function and inclusive GRM Map out and make available referral and support services in the area 2.6 Risk of spread of Sensitize workers and Number of 2 Blantyre C-ERHSPP During Allowan 1,000,000 HIV/AIDS and community members sensitization District PIU, Blantyre construct ces other STIs on HIV/AIDS and STIs meetings Council District ion Council Fuel IEC material s 34 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Provide condoms to Number of 6 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Condom 100,000 workers boxes of /HSA PIU, Blantyre construct s condoms District ion provided Council Employ workers from the surrounding communities Allow infected workers to access HTC services 2.7 Risk of spread of Provide facial masks Number of 10 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Masks 200,000 Cholera and on the project site face mask PIU, District construct Covid-19 boxes Council ion provided Provide handwashing Number of 1 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Bucket 300,000 facilities on the project hand washing PIU, District construct Soap site sets provided Council ion 35 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Conduct sensitizations on Cholera and Covid 19. 2.8 Increased Substitute hazardous Use of non- All Contractor C-ERHSPP During Separate generation and construction materials hazardous PIU, District constructi bins exposure to with nonhazardous construction Council on Hazardo hazardous wastes. alternatives materials us waste Segregate scrap metals Number of storage and glass from other separate bins for 2 area waste streams to ensure hazardous safe handling. waste Secure storage and label all storage areas for hazardous wastes to 1 minimize the risk of Presence of a accidents, spills, or secure contamination. harzadous waste storage Dispose hazardous waste area in consultation with 36 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) MEPA and Blantyre Amount of All District Council. hazardous waste disposed at designated sites 2.9 Increased The contractor will Number of 2 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Mobile generation of provide adequate mobile toilets PIU, Blantyre constructi toilets liquid waste toilets for both male and District on female workers. Council Mobile toilets will be Daily emptied at designated Frequency of sewage treatment emptying of facilities in Blantyre City. mobile toilets 2.10 Increased cases of Employ only those aged Number people All Contractor C-ERHSPP During National 50,000 child labour 18 years and above as employed over PIU, Blantyre constructi IDs workers by checking 18 District on their national IDs. Council 3 37 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Sensitize surrounding Number of IEC communities on child sensitizations materials labour on child labour Personnel 2.11 Conflicts over use Develop and implement WRMP 1 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Resource 40,000 of water Water Resources developed and PIU, Blantyre constructi s Management Plan implemented District on Water All Council Use water from the Amount of bowser constru Likhubula River for water used for ction Grievanc construction purposes construction water es log from the river Agree on payment Zero arrangements for water Number grievan bills by the airport and grievances on ces on contractor water use water Set up an inclusive GRM use system to address complaints on the project. Engage in other water conservation options 38 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) during construction works to conserve water resources. 2.12 Visual Intrusion Fence off the Presence of 200m Contractor C-ERHSPP During Iron construction site perimeter fence PIU, Blantyre constructi sheets District on Remove all excess Tipper, Council excavated soils from the amount excavator of All site and dispose at access soils Holes designated sites removed Vegetatio 50m2 n Restrict land clearing and excavations only to area cleared spaces affected by construction activities. Landscape/ re-plant vegetation as soon as constructions phase is completed 39 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 2.13 Risk of structural Engage well-qualified Qualified 1 Contractor C-ERHSPP During Compete 100,000 collapse and capable contractor contractor PIU, Blantyre constructi nt for the rehabilitation engaged District on personnel works Council Ironsheet Ensure that the Qualified s for fence construction activities supervisor 1 Hard hats area adequately engaged supervised Restrict access to the Presence of 200m construction site by perimeter fence fencing it off and employing day and night watchmen. Number of 2 watcmen All visitors to the site to be given a safety orientation and provided Number of with PPE such as hard visitors given All hats PPE 40 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 2.14 Risk of fire and Limit the amount of Number of Zero Contractor C-ERHSPP During Fire 50,000 explosions flammable materials kept cases of fire PIU, Blantyre constructi extinguis on-site, ensuring that outbreaks District on hers only necessary quantities Council are available and ensure 2 proper storage. Number of fire extinguishers Prohibit open fires on the on the site site by contractor personnel. Provide fire assembly points during construction. Incorporate fire prevention strategies into the overall construction management plan, addressing site-specific fire risks. 41 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) Provide fire fighting equipment at the site such as fire extinguishers. 3.0 IDENTIFIED NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT DURING OPERATION AND MAINTENENCE PHASE 3.1 Increased Construct and operate Presence of 100% Contractor MOH During Building Operation vulnerabilities disability friendly structures constru constructi materials costs Chileka amongst the infrastructure and aiding ction on and quarantine Disability persons living facilities for easy access accessibility of and operation unit friendly with physical of all. vulnerable operati managemen designs disabilities in people such as on of t accessing the ramps disabilit facilities y friendly infrastr ucture 42 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 3.2 Increased power Procure and use energy Energy efficient 100% Manageme MOH During Energy Operationa and water efficient bulbs and bulbs and water installat nt Operation efficient l costs consumption equipment. efficient fixtures ion of bulbs installed energy Install water-efficient and fixtures such as low-flow water faucets and toilets to efficient conserve water equipm Sensitize staff and ent community on use of energy and water efficiently. 3.3 Increased risk of Prohibit littering inside Number of bins 4 Manageme MOH During Waste Operationa generation of solid offices and around the nt Operation bins l costs and liquid waste Amount of All multi-purpose office waste disposed Truck to complex; at designated carry Provide bins and must be sites waste well labeled; Implement a waste policy of sorting, 43 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) reducing, recycling and Frequency of Once a reusing of waste; maintenance year Remove and dispose of waste that cannot be recycled at council’s licensed dumpsite. Regular maintenance of toilet facilities 3.4 Increased Develop and implement WMP 1 Facility MOH During Medical Operationa generation of waste management plan developed and Manageme operation waste l costs health care waste that include health care implemented nt bags and waste container s Provide sealable waste bags and containers for Always Track to Availability of transport health care waste, bags and waste Identify and label waste containers for bags and containers medical wastes 44 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) properly prior to Presence of removal. secure HC waste storage Designate a secure All areas storage area within the facility before disposal. Transport health care waste to storage areas on designated trolleys / carts, which should be cleaned and disinfected regularly. Dispose heath care waste by incineration at nearby hospital with working incinerator i.e. Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital 45 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) 3.5 Increased risk of Provide proper storage Presence of 1 Facility MOH During Fire Operationa fire and of flammable materials, secure storage Manageme operation extinguis l costs explosions ensuring that only area for nt phase hers, necessary quantities are flammable storage available. materials area for flammabl Incorporate fire Presence of fire 1 e prevention strategies assembly points 1 per substance into the overall Number of quarter s construction inspections of management plan, electrical addressing site-specific installations fire risks. Provide fire assembly Presence of fire 2 points during the extinguishers operation phase. Ensure that all temporary and permanent electrical installations are carried 46 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) out by certified professionals and meet safety standards. Conduct regular inspections and maintenance of electrical systems to prevent overloads, short circuits, or other fire hazards. Provide fire fighting equipment at the site such as fire extinguishers. 3.6 Risk of exposure Conduct sensitizations Number of Zero Facility MOH During Face Operationa to COVID-19 COVID-19 symptoms COVID 19 cases managemen operation masks l costs and prevention to of facility staff t Hand workers. Frequency of washing weekly Provide facilities to sensitizations facilities enhance hygiene i.e. 47 DISTRICT: SITE: CHILEKA AIRPORT COVID ISOLATION T/A MWASE: KUNTAJA BLANTYRE ROOM Resp. Expected Proposed Resp. Monitoring Date of NO. Output Require Estimated Environmental Mitigation/enhancem Target .implemen impleme indicators d inputs Cost /Social impacts ent Measures tantion ntation (MK) water for washing hands, Soap soap and sanitizers to be Face made available at all masks times at the work Presence of premises hand washing 2 facilities Adhere to Covid-19 measures as specified by the Government at that Availability of particular time. face masks for Always facility staff Make protective face masks available at the workplace for those potentially ill can wear to avoid spreading Covid- 19. 48 5.4 Implementation of ESMP The ESMMP shall be implemented to address all activities that have been identified to have potentially significant impacts on the environment during project implementation and operation. The implementation of the project environment and social component will be overseen by different institutional arrangements. The players are indicated in Table 5-2. Table 5-2: ESMMP Implementation Arrangement Responsible Roles and Responsibilities Party Ministry of • Custodian of the project Health / PIU • Provide support, oversight, and quality control to field staff working on environmental and social risk management. • Planning and implementation of ESMP. • Ensuring that the social and environmental protection and mitigation measures in the ESMP are incorporated in the site-specific Environmental and Social Action Plans. • Supervise and monitor the progress of contractors' activities. • Provide guidance to construction teams in conducting subsequent monitoring and reporting and in undertaking corrective options. • Responsible for modifications to the ESMP when unforeseen changes are observed during implementation. • Ensure the submission of periodic environmental and social management and monitoring reports to the World Bank. • Promote improved social and environmental performance through the effective use of management systems. • External communications with other implementing partners, government ministries and agencies, and non-government organisations on matters of mutual interest related to environmental management under the project development. • Development of a monitoring tool or checklist based on the ESMMP and guided by the project’s physical layout. • Develop a monitoring program for the works, targeting specific project working sites, material sites, sensitive environments, social areas, etc. • Convene monthly meetings for progress reporting by the Contractor. The • Customise the project ESMMP and generate a Construction Environmental and Social Contractor Management Plan as a tool to guide the implementation and monitoring of indicators. File a copy with the Resident Engineer. • Procure necessary equipment for environment measurements or engage some appropriate expert personnel for the activity in specific environment quality aspects, including air quality, noise, water, and soil quality, • Monthly reporting throughout the project period. Blantyre • While the district council structures especially DESC has been involved in the ESMMP District/ City preparation, major responsibility in monitoring the implementation of the project and Council ensuring quality works lies with the implementing Chileka Airport, especially the Maintenance officer. 49 5.5 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan implementation cost Below is a summary of the anticipated environmental and social risks associated with the rehabilitation works and provisions for managing them. The rehabilitation works are projected to take a period of 6 months. The implementation and monitoring of this ESMP is estimated to cost the project funds to the tune of MWK7,620,000.00. 50 Chapter 6: Capacity Development, Training and Reporting 6.1 Technical Assistance support for the implementation of safeguards The success of effective implementation of this ESMP will be rests on the availability of technical equipped staffs and other relevant implementing parties. Thus, the design and implementation of technical capacity building program for implementing institution with the right skills and knowledge is unavoidable. This effective capacity building program could be through availing of the required resources and training of staff and all other parties involved in this ESMP implementation, including the contractor. Project implementing bodies need to understand inherent social and environmental issues and values of the proposed rehabilitation project for selected sections at Chileka Airport and be able to identify and manage the impacts. Given less familiarity on WB ESF by staff from the implementing institution and other relevant institutions and stakeholders directly and/or indirectly engaged in the implementation of the proposed Chileka Quarantine Unit rehabilitation project and to ensure successful implementation of the Environmental and Social Standards, there is need for capacity building through planning and implementation of project capacity building program. There will be capacity building of Contractors personnel including Environmental and Social experts and designated ES personnel for Chileka Airport. Table 6-1: Tentative Training Plan and Capacity Building Approach Level Responsibility Audience Topics / Themes Estimated Party Cost (MK) Chileka Environmental Chileka Airport • Introduction to ESMP 1,200,000 Airport Specialist Project • Development of Monitoring Tools and Implementation • Monitoring Program Development Contractor Team • Reporting and Communication • Emergency Response and Level Contingency Planning • Orientation of Contractor on Environmental expectations in management of ES risks/impacts of the project • Equipment Use for Environmental Measurements • Monthly Reporting • Compliance with Environmental and Social Standards • Workers Contractor All project • Anticipated project impacts and Part of project level Environmental Workers mitigation measures at each stage costs (Weekly defending on specific works 51 Level Responsibility Audience Topics / Themes Estimated Party Cost (MK) Tool box and Safety • Grievance Redress Mechanism training) Specialist (GRM), Gender based Violence (GBV), Abuse of child labour, Child marriage, Defilement • Occupational Health and Safety measures including first Aid. 52 Chapter 7. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 6.2 General Grievance redress mechanism (GRM) is designed because the proposed rehabilitation project for at Chileka may affect the existing social balance at the airport and surrounding community. The purpose of a GRM is to establish a way for individuals, groups, or communities affected by the project activities to provide feedback, lodge complaints/grievances and have the grievances redressed. Complaints relating to proposed project's problems will be solved through negotiations to achieve consensus. A complaint will go through various stages before it can be transferred to the court. The enforcement unit will pay all administrative and legal fees relating to the acceptance of complaints. Blantyre District Council has a District Grievance Redress Mechanism Committee (DGRC) and there will be need for a worker (WGRC) and community grievance redress committee (CGRC) which can be accessed and used by workers and community (airport staff, the communities, community leaders) on the sub project. The DGRC can be utilized as an institution to handle grievances referred from the the WGRC and CGRC. Representatives from project management and Institutional GRM will however participate in the DGRC to facilitate feedback processes. In case of failure to resolve a grievance at district level (DGRC), referral shall be made to the National Project Implementation Unit grievance redress committee (PIUGRC) as the highest committee for the project. Failure to resolve a grievance at PIUGRC level, then PAPs will be advised to seek further redress from the Courts. 6.3 Grievance Redress Procedure Following the GRM structure presented in Figures 7-1 and 7-2, the redress procedure at every will has 5 stages from when a grievance is first reported to when it is resolved. These stages are outlined below as follows. Stage 1: Complaint Uptake PAPs will present their complaints or grievances to the GRMC by filling a form provided as appendix 5. A drop-in box will be provided at the hospital and community and/or any other agreed location in the community to facilitate easy uptake of grievances. A WhatsApp message phone number, toll free number or email address will also be provided for grievances uptake. Stage 2: GRM Registry 53 All grievances received will be entered into an accessible entering recording system as the GRM registry and shall be maintained at both community and district levels. Stage 3: Assessment, Analysis and Response When a complaint is received by GRC, the GRM provides that a resolution be provided within 15 working days. Once complaints are received, the CGRC shall assess whether the complaint/grievance is related to the project or not. Stage 4: Resolution and Closure Where a resolution has been arrived at and the PAP accepts the resolution, the PAP shall be required to sign the resolution and closure section in the Grievance Community Log and Resolution Form as attached. Two members of the GRC (Chairperson and Secretary) shall also be required to counter sign. If the grievance has not been resolved at GRC, it will be referred to District GRC and if the resolution is not reached at this level, the PAP has the option of seeking legal redress from civil courts. Stage 5: GRM Monitoring and Evaluation The GRM process will have to be monitored and evaluated to ensure effectiveness of the process and that the complaints submitted and related to the project have been dully received the required attention. This will be possible by reviewing the copies of registers that the grievances were recorded by the GRC and how they complaints registered were resolved. Lilongwe district council will be required to take the leading role in collaboration with MC-ERHSP project management team. The monitoring will assist to track whether the GRM system is working efficiently and effectively and will inform the project to make any necessary adjustments. The evaluation will help to assess the impact of GRM in response to people’s complaints and whether the GRM principles were met or not during the project implementation. The visual representation of the grievance redress procedure is shown in Figure 7-1. 54 Stage 5 WGRC or CGRC record confirmation with complainant that the grievance is closed. If grievance cannot be close, return to stage 2 by GRM Monitoring and Evaluation another higher Committee (IGRC, DGRC then PIUGRC) (Day 12-14) WGRC or CGRC identify action and provide response to the Stage 4 complainant in writing (Day 10) Resolution and Closure Stage 3 WGRC or CGRC (depending on type of grievance) meet and assess the significance of the grievance, gather evidence and might require site visit Assessment, Analysis and Response and discussions with the stakeholders involved (Day 5-8) Stage 2 WGRC and CGRC Representatives uptake and recording the grievances in either logbook for community grievances or workers grievances GRM Registry depending on type of complaint. (Day 1) Stage 1 PAP filling a form and drop-in box provided at the University and/or any other agreed location/ Calling toll free number, emailing or sending Complaint Uptake message by phone. (Day 1) Figure 7-1: GRM process for Rehabilitation of the Chileka Airport Quarantine Uni Full illustration of the GRM process is given in Figure 7-2 below. 55 Figure 7-2: Illustrating total Processes and Institutional arrangements for the GRM 56 6.4 Types of Grievances expected from the project. The project will receive any kind of grievances and complaints from both workers, hospital staff, patients/ guardians and communities. The types of grievances expected from the project are presented in the table 7-1. Table 7-1: Expected community and work grievances Community issues Workers issues ✔ Environmental issues: noise, dust, and ✔ Contract workers unhappy of not having competition for water with contractor access to Personal Protective Equipment ✔ Social issues: sexual harassment, child (PPE). labour, security concerns, GBV etc. ✔ Workers whose contracts are not ✔ Radiation exposure issues renewed complaint i.e. Recruitment and Contract Management issues ✔ Employment issues for local community (Only recruiting migrant ✔ Workers without contracts (Working workers, recruitment based on without contract with purposes of not corruption, dismissal from fulfilling payment agreements and easy employment on unknown reasons etc.). dismissal on unknown reasons etc.) ✔ Compensations for injuries ✔ Radiation exposure issues ✔ Community safety ✔ Lack of clarification to overtime pay ✔ Sexual Harassment & GBV ✔ Worker dismissal without been given a chance to be heard. Unfair dismissal ✔ Criminal cases such as rape, theft etc. 57 Chapter 9: Conclusion and Recommendations 9.1 Conclusions This ESMP has presented the major guidelines that have to be followed for safe execution of the works during rehabilitation of Chileka Quarantine Unit which is a sub project under Malawi COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project (C-ERHSPP). Though the proposed project will likely generate significant socio-economic benefits, staff as well as local people around Chileka and the country at large, negative environmental and social impacts that the project activities are likely to bring have also been established by this ESMP. Following the identified potential impacts, mitigation and enhancement measures have also been identified to be implemented during the implementation of the project. 9.2 Recommendations Further to identification of impacts and subsequent prescription of mitigation or enhancement measures, this ESMP recommends the following. • The developer should give environmental protection and social considerations the necessary attention during implementation of the project. • The developer should adopt and implement all the recommendations and mitigation measures advanced in this ESMP and respective monitoring plan. • The developer should ensure adequate provision of capacity building to all key stakeholders who will be directly involved in the implementation of the project’s ESMPs, as it is an integral part to ensuring quality safeguards implementation in the project. With these conditions fully met and implemented, the recommendation is for this project to be allowed to proceed. 58 REFERENCES 1. Government of Malawi (1997), Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in Malawi. Environmental Affairs Department, Lilongwe. 2. Government of Malawi (2010), Child Care, Protection and Justice Act, Lilongwe, Malawi 3. Government of Malawi (2015), Environmental Management Act, Lilongwe, Malawi 4. Government of Malawi (2008), Environment Management (Waste and Sanitation) Regulations, Lilongwe, Malawi. 5. Government of Malawi (2013), Disability Act (Amendment), Lilongwe, Malawi 6. Government of Malawi, Gender Equality Act, Lilongwe, Malawi 7. Government of Malawi (1997), Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act. Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training, Lilongwe 8. Government of Malawi, Public Health (Amendment) Act, 2015, Lilongwe, Malawi 9. Government of Malawi (2012) National HIV/AIDS Policy, OPC, Lilongwe. 10. Government of Malawi (2015), National Gender Policy, Ministry of Women and Community Development, Lilongwe. 11. Government of Malawi, (1948), Public Health Act, Lilongwe, Malawi 12. Government of Malawi (2006), National Policy on Equalisation of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, Lilongwe, Malawi 13. The World Bank (2017), Environmental and Social Framework, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA. 14. National Statistical office (2018), Population and Housing Census report, Zomba, Malawi. 15. Government of Malawi (2020), Public Health (Corona Virus prevention, containment and treatment), Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi. 16. Government of Malawi (2013), Penal Code (Amendment) Act, Lilongwe, Malawi 17. The World Bank (2017), Environmental and Social Framework, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA. 18. Government of Malawi, (2021), Employment Act, Lilongwe, Malawi. 19. Government of Malawi, (2006) Infection Prevention and Control Policy, Lilongwe, Malawi. 20. Government of Malawi, (1995) Constitution of the Republic of Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi. 21. Mvuma Godfrey (2010), UNDP Report on the setting up of Solid Waste Management systems in the Cities of Abuja, Kano and Onitsha, Nigeria. 59 ANNEXURES Annex 1: The Approach of Screening Process The approach and the screening process followed the pattern as illustrated below. PART 1: General Project and Site Information PROJECT DESCRIPTION Infrastructure to be built or Renovation of a 60 square meter structure rehabilitated, its capacity and dimensions Brief description of construction The renovation works will use manual labour technology Type and sources of construction Locally sourced materials that will include materials cement, sand, quarry stones and dust etc. Source and quantity of construction 10 construction workers that will include 1 labour foreman, 2-4 bricklayers, 1 painter, 1 carpenter and 6 general workers Source of water and electricity Water will be sourced from water mains from Blantyre Water Boar and electricity from Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi Source and quantity of fuel stored and None to be used on site Other resources needed None SITE DESCRIPTION Name of site Chileka Airport Isolation Unit Description of site location Who owns the land? Department of Civil Aviation (Government of (attach documentation of ownership, Malawi) if relevant) Are there any squatters or temporary No residents on the land Is the land being used for cultivation No of crops or by temporary vendors Other location alternatives considered No What is surrounding the existing Site is within the airport premises location LEGISLATION Identify national & local legislation & Environment Management Act (EMA) permits that apply to project activity Have all national clearances and Yes authorizations been received? PART 2: Environment and Social Screening Checklist Yes No Comments A Type of activity – Will the sub-project: 60 Yes No Comments 1 Involve the construction or rehabilitation of √ water supply reticulation? 2 Build or rehabilitate any feeder roads leading √ to health facility? 3 Build or rehabilitate any structures or √ buildings? 4 Build or rehabilitate utility connections to health facility i. Electricity connections √ ii. Generator services √ iii. Water supply √ iv. Water storage √ v. Sewerage services √ vi. Solid and infectious Waste √ management systems vii. Liquid waste management systems √ viii. New or rebuilt drainage systems √ 5 Is the site located in or near an area where √ there is an important historical, archaeological or cultural heritage site? 6 Is the site located within or adjacent to any √ areas that are or may be protected by government (e.g. national park, national reserve, world heritage site) or local tradition, or that might be a natural habitat? 7 Does the site depend on water supply from an √ existing dam, weir, or other water diversion structure? 8 Will the requirement of a workforce not √ Positive social impacts influence any positive or negative social will be employment impact on the community, around? opportunity, skills transfer, improved household incomes & business opportunity for construction industry. Negative social impacts will be spread of STIs, HIV & AIDS and sexual harassment. 61 Yes No Comments 9 If it will / would, positively, how? and √ Employ people from the how would this be sustained? local community and buy from local suppliers 10 If it will, but negatively, how? . . . and Sensitization on HIV & how could this (these) be mitigated? AIDS, enforcement of code of conduct B Environment – Will the sub-project: 8 During construction, will the subproject result in production or increase in production of: i. solid waste √ ii. liquid waste √ iii. wastewater √ iv. sewage √ v. effluent √ vi. construction wastes √ During operations, will the subproject result in production or increase in production of: i. solid waste √ ii. liquid waste √ iii. wastewater √ iv. sewage √ v. infectious medical waste √ Blood and other bodily fluids, sharps etc. vi. effluent √ 9 Create a risk of increased soil degradation or √ erosion during construction or operations 10 Increase the risk of contamination of nearby √ drinking water sources 11 Cause poor water drainage and increase the √ risk of water-related diseases such as malaria or bilharzia? 12 Affect the quantity or quality of surface √ waters (e.g. rivers, streams, wetlands), or groundwater (e.g. wells)? If the answer to any of questions 1-12 is “Yes�, please include an Environmental and social Management Plan (ESMP) with the sub-projects application. C Land acquisition and access to resources – Will the sub-project: 13 Require that land be acquired (temporary or √ permanent) for its development? 62 Yes No Comments 14 Use land that is currently occupied or √ regularly used for productive purposes (e.g. gardening, farming, pasture, fishing locations, forests)? 15 Physically displace individuals, households √ or businesses? 16 Result in the temporary or permanent loss of √ household or business infrastructure such as informal shops, granaries, outside toilets and kitchens? 17 Result in restricted (temporary or √ permanent) access of the community to productive land or basic services (water, electricity, health care, schools etc.)? 18 Will the contractor establish a camp for √ workers required for the sub-project? 63 Annex 2: Records of Stakeholders Consultation Key issues raised during the consultations. ISSUES RAISED RECOMMENDATIONS The renovation of the Chileka Implementing strict health and safety protocols Quarantine Unit will promote safely for Quarantine Unit workers and nearby handling of Covid-19 patients and other communities infectious diseases. These projects often tend to employ They should ensure that they employ individuals who are not from the individuals from within the local area and immediate area, which, in turn, ensure that there is equal opportunity for both diminishes the local people's men and women opportunities to reap significant benefits from it Increase in accidents during the They should be installation of signage and use construction period of PPE increase in child labour because of the they should make sure they employ people that project are above the minimum recommended age. Ages of prospective employees will be verified with National Identification cards Increased risk of injuries and accidents There is need to create safe space and use especially to children signage at all times Increased risk of sexual harassment Mainstream issues of awareness on the project between employers and employees The upcoming project aims to enhance Develop and implement methods for the safe means of reducing infectious diseases handling, treatment of Covid-19 patients such as Covid-9 disease 64 List of people who were consulted 65 Annex 3. MBS Report on Determination of the presence of Asbestos in Building materials 66 67 68 69 70 71