Report No. ,,O8MA Malaysia: Matching Risks and Rewards in a Mixed Economy (In Three Volumes) Volume Ill: Statistical Annex October 7,1988 Country Operations Division Country Department II Asia Region FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Document of the World Bank This report has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Ringgit (M$) M$1.0 = US$0.39 US$1.0 = M$2.59 (as of May 1988) FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CC = Capital Issues Committee CICU = Central Information Collection Unit DOS = Department of Statistics EPF - Employee Provident Fund EPU - Economic Planning Unit FELDA = Federal Land Development Authority 5MP = Fifth Malaysia Plan FIMA = Food Industries of Malaysia FTZ = Free Trade Zone CDP = Gross Domestic Product GNP = Gross National Product HICOM = Heavy Industrial Corporation of Malaysia ICU = Implementation Coordinatilin Unit IMP = Industrial Master Plan KLSE Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange KTM = Malayan Railway LPN = National Paddy and Rice Authority MARA Majlis Amanah Rakyat MDB = Manpower Development Board MIDA = Malaysian Industrial Development Authority MIPS = Malaysian Industrial Policy Studies MOF Ministry of Finance MPE = Ministry of Public NEP = New Economic Policies NFPE Non-Financial Publi. Enterprises PERNAS Perbadanan Nasional Berhad PETRONAS = Petroliam Nasional Berhad PNB = Permodalan Nasional Berhad RISDA = Rubber Industry Smallholders Development Authority SADC = State Agriculture Development Corporation SEDC = State Economic Development Corporation SLCHP Special Low Cost Housing Program VAT = Value Added Tax FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -1- MALAYSIA MATCHING RISKS AND REWARDS IN A MIXED ECONOMY VOLUME II1: STATISTICAL ANNEX Table of Contents Part I Table No. Standard Tables Paae No. 1 National Accounts Summary -t Current Prices. 1 2 National Accounts Sumaary at Constant 1978 Prices. 2 3 Implicit Deflators for National Accounts. 3 4 Balance of Paymenta Summary at Current Prices. 4 5 External Debt Disbursements and Repaymenti. 5 6 External Debt Interest and Outstandings. 6 7 External Trade. 7 8 Fiscal and Monetary Indicators .8 Table No. Part II SECTION I - POPULATION. EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES 1.1 Population by State ........................................ 9 1.2 Population by Age Group .................................... 10 1.3 Population by Ethnic Group ................................. 11 1.4 Selected Socioeconomic Statistics .......................... 12 1.5 Employment by Sector ....................................... 13 1.6 Population Size and Age Structure, 1980-90 ................. 14 1.7 Percentage Distribution of Unemployment by Labor Force Status . 15 1.8 Percentage Distribution of Inactively Unemployed by Reasons for Not Seeking Work and Education .16 1.9 Percentage of Unemployed without Work Experience by Age .... 17 1.10 Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Industry.... 18 1.11 Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Industry and Urban/Rural Stratum, 1986 ............................ 19 1.12 Interindustry Real Wages, 1968-81 .20 1.13 Wage Dispersion in Manufacturing .21 1.14 Annual Real Manufacturing Wages per Worker by Occupational Groups, 1969-83 .22 1.15 Wages of Workers in Selected Occupations in Manufacturing Industries .23 1.16 Average Monthly Earnings of Selected Occupations in Construction Industry as at July 31, 1984 and 1986 .24 1.17 Percentage Growth Rates of Wages. Earnings and Prices: Oil Palm and Rubber Estates .25 1.18 Changes in the Basic (Minimum) Monthly Salary of Selected Occupations for Workers with Three Years Experience .26 1.19 Recurrent Cost of Tertiary Education per Studeut Year, 1987 ............................................... 27 1.20 Annual Recurrent Expenditure and Cost per Student, 1982-84 .................................................. 28 1.21 Average Monthly Salary and Earnings by Education Level. 1984 ..................................................... 29 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performa.uce of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorizaiion. - ii - SECTION II - NATIONAL ACCOUNTS 2.1 GDP and GNP, 1970 Price Series ............................. 30 2.2 GDP by Industrial Origin, 1970 Price Series ................ 31 2.3 GDP by Industrial Origin, 1978 Prices ...................... 32 SECTION III - PUBLIC FINANCE 3.1 Consolidated Public Sector Expenditure and Financing ....... 33 3.2 Federal Government Expenditure ............................. 34 3.3 Federal Goverrament Net Borrowing ........................... 35 3.4 Federal Government Outstanding Debt .......... .............. 36 3.5 Federal Government Outstanding Loans ......... .............. 37 3.6 Federal Government Revenue ................... .............. 38 SECTION IV - MONEY AND BANKING 4.1 Balance of Payments, Consolidated Account .................. 39 4.2 Balance of Payments, Current Account ....................... 40 4.3 Major Exports ............................................ 41 4.4 Minor Exports ............................................ 42 4.5 Gross Exports by Commodity Section ......................... 43 4.6 Gross Imports by Commodity Section ......................... 44 4.7 Gross Imports by Economic Function ......................... 45 4.8 Direction of External Trade ................................ 46 4.9 Exchange Rates and External Reserves ....................... 47 4.10 Peninsular Malaysia - Terms of Trade .48 4.11 Exports of Manufactured Goods .49 SECTION V - MONEY AND BANKING 5.1 Money Supply and Private Sector Liquidity .................. 50 5.2 Commercial Banks - Classification of Loans and Advances .... 51 5.3 Finance Companies - Classification of Loans by Sector ...... 52 5.4 Interest Rates in Malaysia ................................. 53 5.5 Structure of the Financial System .......................... 54 5.6 Loans Deposits Growth in the Banking System ................ 55 5.7 Interest Margins ........................................... 56 5.8 Malaysia Commercial Banks: Credit to Priority Sectors, 1977-84 ......................................... 57 5.9 Credit Allocations of Banking System ....................... 58 SECTION VI - PRICE INDICES 6.1 Consumer Price Index, 1967 Base ............................ 59 6.2 Consumer Price Index, 1980 Base ............................ 60 6.3 Producer Price Index, 1972 Base ............................ 61 6.4 Producer Price Index, 1978 Base ............................ 62 - iii - SECTION VII - INDUSTRIAL SECTOR AND INVESTMENT 7.1 Peninsular Malaysia - Index of Industrial Prbduction, 1968 Base .. ................ 63 7.2 Peninsular Malaysia - Index of Industrial Production, 1981 Base ................................................ 64 7.3 Peninsular Malaysia - Production of Selected Manufactured Products ................................................. 65 7.4 Value Added by Manufacturing Sector . . 66 7.5 Capital Account.o ........................ 67 7.6 Financing Investment ...................................... 68 7.7 Investment in Fixed Assests by Industry . . 69 7.8 Capital Expenditure by Industry ............................ 70 7.9 Breakdown of Private Investment . . 71 SECTION VIII - AGRICULTURE AND MINERAL SECTOR 8.1 Production of Agricultural Commodities . . . 72 8.2 Crop Areas ................................................. 73 8.3 Value Added by Agricultural Subsector, 1970 Prices ......... 74 8.4 Value Added by Agricultural Subsector, 1978 Prices ......... 75 8.5 Production of Major Minerals . . . 76 SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS 9.1 Peninsular Malaysia: Incidence of Poverty ................. 77 9.2 Malaysia: Ownership and Control of the Corporate Sector ... 78 Table 1: NATIONAL ACCOUNTS SUIQURY AT CURRENT PRICES (NO million) 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Origin and Use of Resources A.l, GDP at arket prices 9,583.0 12,856.0 23,325.0 53,308.0 57,613.0 62,579.0 69,565.1 79,550.1 77,547.0 71,144.0 78,690.0 2. Net indirect taxes 1,242.0 1,257.0 3,343.0 9,139.0 8,834.0 8,759.0 10,310.0 .. 3. GDP at factor cost 8,341.0 11,599.0 19,982.0 44,169.0 48,779.0 53,820.0 59,255.0 .. 4. Agriculture 2,670.0 3,667.0 6,527.0 11,680.0 11,962.0 12,807.0 13,555.0 .. 5. Industry 2,427.0 3,246.0 7,303.0 20,164.0 21,409.0 21,851.0 24,835.0 .. a. Manufacturing 868.0 1,531.0 3,931.0 11,002.0 11,542.0 11,419.0 12,935.0 .. b. Mining and quarrying 1,065.0 1,053.0 2,203.0 5,826.0 5,648.0 5,770.0 6,569.0 c. Other (by difference) 494.0 662.0 1,169.0 3,336.0 4,219.0 4,662.0 5,331.0 6. Services, etc. 4.486.0 5,943.0 9,495.0 21,464.0 24,242.0 27,921.0 31,175.0 .. B.1. Resource balance 413.0 539.0 123.0 1,334.0 (3,563.0) (5,454.0) (3,698.0) 1,518.0 4,028.0 4.574.0 10,717.0 2. Exports of goods & NFS 4,069.0 5.404.0 10.187.0 30,676.0 30,154.0 31.846.0 36,298.0 43,171.0 42,537.0 40,722.0 50.517.0 3. Imports of goods & NFS 3,656.0 4,865.0 10,064.0 29.342.0 33,717.0 37,300.0 39,996.0 41,653.0 38,509.0 36,148.0 39,846.0 C.l. Doasetic absorption 9,170.0 12,317.0 23,202.0 51,974.0 61,176.0 68,033.1 73,263.1 78,032.1 73,519.1 66,570.1 68,019.0 D.Il Total consumption, etc. 7,280.0 9,435.0 17,302.0 35,757.0 41,019.0 44,695.0 48,154.0 51,335.0 52,204.0 48,701.0 49,672.0 2. Private 5,869.0 7,417.0 13,172.0 26,946.0 30,594.0 33,226.0 35,998.0 39,594.0 40,360.0 36,574.0 37,362.0 a. Statistical discrepancy .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. General government 1,411.0 2,018.0 4,130.0 8,811.0 10,425.0 11,469.0 12.156.0 11,741.0 11,844.0 12.127.0 12.310.0 E.I. Gross domestic investment 1,890.0 2,882.0 5,900.0 16,217.0 20,157.0 23,338.0 25,109.0 26,697.0 21,315.0 17,869.0 18,347.0 2. Fixed investment 1,639.0 2,430.0 6,199.0 16,597.0 20,759.0 22,745.0 24,534.0 25,391.0 23,124.0 18,865.0 17,783.0 3. Increase in stocks 251.0 452.0 (299.0) (380.0) (602.0) 593.0 575.0 1,3D6.0 (1,809.0) (996.0) (564.0) Memorandum Item G.l. Net factor income from abroad (252.0) (339.0) (700.0) (1,918.0) (2,011.0) (2,889.0) (4,411.0) (5,368.0) (5,709.0) (5,293.0) (5,212.0) 2. Net current transfers froe abroad .. (199.0) (115.5) (94.1) (126.1) (124.0) (80.9) (147.0) (112.8) (48.9) (62.0) 3. GroBS national product 9,331.0 12,517.0 22,625.0 51,390.0 55,602.0 59,690.0 6b.154.0 74,182.0 71,838.1 65,851.1 73,478.0 H.l. Gross domestic saving 2,303.0 3,421.0 6,023.0 17,551.0 16,594.0 17,884.0 21,411.0 28,215.0 25,343.0 22,443.0 29,018.0 2. Gross national saving *- 2,883.0 5,207.5 15,538.9 14,456.9 14,871.0 16,919.1 22,700.0 19,521.2 17,101.1 23,744.0 I.l. Exports of goods and NFS as per B0P 76.5 5,366.3 10,173.3 30,688.9 30,152.5 31,875.8 36,340.6 43,247.3 42,625.4 40,672.3 50,686.2 a. Difference with NA (X) (5,217.0) (1.0) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2. Imports of goods and NFS as per BOP 3,707.1 4,806.1 10,565.5 29,362.9 33,871.6 37,531.1 40,228.9 41,819.2 38,651.8 36,325.2 39,967.7 a. Difference with NA (2) 1.0 (1.0) 5.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. Net factor income as per BOP (257.1) (355.1) (719.6) (1,901.1) (1,930.6) (2,679.1) (4,207.8) (5,255.1) (5,727.9) (5,096.3) (5.188.7) a. Difference w/ NA (X of line 1.1) 7.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 (1.0) (1.0) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0. 4. Net current transfers as per 80P 0.0 (199.0) (115.5) (94.1) (126.1) (124.0) (80.9) (147.0) (112.8) (48.9) (62.0) a. Difference w/ NA (I of line 1.1) .o0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Exchange Rates J.l IFS conversion rate 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.5 2. IEC conversion rate 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.5 lemorandua Item GDP at _erket prices (Current US$ mln) 3.130.5 4.199.7 9,712.3 24,488.0 25,004.6 26,795.8 29,968.1 33,943.5 31.269.0 27,575.2 31,226.2 Table 2: EfOSAL ACCOUT SiUf AT CONSTANT 1978 PlICES (t$ million) 1I65 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 19S3 1964 1985 1986 1987 OIi and U e of Resources A.l.GDP at strut Pri Rcs 15,582.0 20,944.0 29,549.0 44,512.0 47,602.0 50,430.0 53,582.0 57.741.0 57,150.0 57,859.0 61,008.0 2. Net Indirect taxes 1,383.0 1,203.0 3,103.0 8,071.0 7,745.0 7,747.0 9,216.0 10,214.0 9,968.0 .. .. 3. CDP at factor coat 14,199.0 19,741.0 26,446.0 36,441.0 39,857.0 42,683.0 44,366.0 47,527.0 47,182.0 49,598.0 52.780.0 4. Agriculture .. 6,439.0 8,146.0 10,189.0 10,684.0 11,375.0 11,302.0 11,623.0 11,914.0 12,389.0 13,323.0 5. Industry .. 6,851.0 9,467.0 15,935.0 16,500.0 17,604.0 19,436.0 21,662.0 20,934.0 21.926.0 23,420.0 a. IMnufacturing .. 2,907.0 5,020.0 8,742.0 9,155.0 9,668.0 10,429.0 11,711.0 11,263.0 12,111.0 13,655.0 b. Mining and quarrying .. 2,888.0 2,940.0 4,487.0 4,289.0 4,617.0 5,342.0 6.073.0 5,985.0 6,433.0 6,442.0 c. Other (by difference) .. 1,056.0 1,507.0 2,706.0 3,056.0 3,319.0 3.665.0 3,878.0 3.686.0 3.382.0 3.323.0 6. Services, etc. .. 7,654.0 11,936.0 18,388.0 20,418.0 21,451.0 22,844.0 24,456.0 24,302.0 23,544.0 24,265.0 B.l. Risource balance 295.0 1,638.0 2,632.0 (1.295.0) (2,820.0) (3,898.0) (3,421.0) (1,614.0) 1 848.0 8,270.0 10,680.0 2. Exports of goods & NPS 7,430.0 10,657.0 14,179.0 22,619.0 22,431.0 24,826.0 27,889.0 31,733.0 3, .75.0 37,486.0 41,706.0 3. loports of goods & N7S 7,135.0 9,019.0 11,547.0 23,914.0 25,251.0 28,724.0 31,310.0 33,347.0 30,027.0 29,216.0 31,026.0 C.l. Domestic absorption 15,287.0 19,306.0 26,917.0 45,807.0 50,422.0 54,328.0 57,003.0 59,355.0 55,302.0 49,589.0 50,328.0 D.1. Total consumption 12,152.0 14,545.0 20,073.0 32,195.0 34,470.0 36,083.0 37,365.0 38.642.0 38.716.0 35.905.0 36,342.0 2. Private 9,878.0 11,575.0 15.244.0 24,445.0 25,686.0 26,531.0 27.376.0 29,142.0 29,299.0 26.369.0 26.666.0 t a. Statistical discrepancy .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. General governmeat 2,274.0 2,970.0 4,829.0 7,750.0 8,784.0 9,552.0 q,989.0 9,500.0 9,417.0 9,536.0 9,676.0 B.. Gross domestic investmnet 3,135.0 4,761.0 6,844.0 13.612.0 15,952.0 18,245.0 19,638.0 20,713.0 16,586.0 13,684.0 13,986.0 2. Fixed Investment 2,725.0 4,024.0 7,213.0 13,931.0 16,450.0 17,767.0 19,193.0 19,761.0 17,888.0 14,601.0 13,627.0 3. Increase in stocks 410.0 737.0 (369.0) (319.0) (498.0) 478.0 445.0 952.0 (1,302.0) (917.0) (359.0) Memorandus Item G.i. Net factor income from abroad (521.0) (678.0) (869.0) (1,562.0) (1,427.0) (2,136.0) (3,424.0) (4,226.0) (4,410.0) (4,014.0) (3,808.0) 2. Net current transfers from abroad .. (324.2) (146.3) (78.5) (104.2) (99.9) (62.3) (106.7) (83.1) (39.8) (48.1) 3. Gross national product 15,061.0 20,266.0 28,680.0 42,950.0 46,175.0 48,294.0 50,158.0 53,515.0 52,740.0 53,845.0 57,200.0 H.1. Gross domestic saving 3,941.0 5,760.2 6,985.1 14,699.2 13,283.6 14,045.0 16,743.1 21,928.3 19,726.8 17,380.9 22,295.0 2. Gross national saving .. 4,758.0 5,969.8 13,058.7 11,752.4 11,809.1 13,256.8 17,595.6 15,233.7 13,327.1 18,438.9 1.1. Capacity to import 7,941.0 10,018.2 11,688.1 25,001.2 22,582.6 24,524.0 28,415.1 34,562.3 33,167.8 32,912.9 39,335.0 2. Term of trade adjustment 511.0 (638.8) (2,490.9) 2,382.2 151.6 (302.0) 526.1 2,829.3 1,292.8 (4,573.1) (2,371.0) 3. Gross domestic income 16,093.0 20,305.2 27,058.1 46,894.2 47,753.6 50,128.0 54.108.1 60,570.3 58,442.8 53,285.9 58,637.0 4. Gross national inco e 15,572.0 19,627.2 26,189.1 45,332.2 46,326.6 47,992.0 50,684.1 56,344.3 54,032.8 49,271.9 54,829.0 Table 3t DWUCIT DMATORS POk BTIOIL ACCOUTs (NO, 1978 - 100) 1965 1970 1975 1960 1981 1982 19S3 1984 1985 1986 1987 Origin and 17e of Resources a.l. GDP *t _rket priees 61.5 61.4 78.9 119.8 121.0 124.1 129.8 137.8 135.7 123.0 129.0 2. Net indirect taxes 89.8 104.5 107.7 113.2 114.1 113.1 111.9 .. .. 3. GDP at factor cost 58.7 58.8 75.6 121.2 122.4 126.1 133.6 .. 4. Agriculture .. 56.9 80.1 114.6 112.0 112.6 119.9 .. 5. Industry .. 47.4 77.1 126.5 129.8 124.1 127.8 .. a. Manufacturtig .. 52.7 78.3 125.9 126.1 118.1 124.0 .. b. Itning and quarrying *- 36.5 74.9 129.8 M31.7 125.0 123.0 .. .. c. Other (by dlfferance) .. 62.7 77.6 123.3 138.1 140.5 145.5 .. 6. Services, etc. .. 77.6 79.5 116.7 118.7 130.2 136.5 .. B.1. Ter_ of Trade (ft/Pn) 106.9 94.0 82.4 110.5 100.7 98.8 101.9 108.9 104.1 87.8 94.3 2. Exports of goods 6 NPS 54.8 50.7 71.8 135.6 134.4 128.3 130.2 136.0 133.4 108.6 121.1 3. Imports of goods & NFS 51.2 53.9 87.2 122.7 133.5 129.9 127.7 124.9 128.2 123.7 128.4 C.I. Domestic absorption 60.0 63.8 86.2 113.5 121.3 125.2 128.5 131.5 132.9 134.2 135 2 D.I. Total consumption 59.9 64.9 86.2 111.1 119.0 123.9 128.9 132.8 134.8 135.6 136.7 2. Private 62.0 67.9 85.5 113.7 118.7 120.1 121.7 123.6 125.8 127.2 127.2 3. General governmeut 59.4 64.1 86.4 110.1 119.1 125.2 131.5 135.9 137.8 138.7 140.1 R.1. Gross domettic investment 60.3 60.5 86.2 119.1 126.4 127.9 127.9 128.9 128.5 130.6 131.2 2. Fixed investment 60.1 60.4 85.9 119.1 126.2 128.0 127.8 128.5 129.3 129.2 130.5 3. Increase In stocks 61.2 61.3 81.0 119.1 120.9 124.1 129.2 137.2 138.9 108.6 157.1 Merandua Item V.1. Net factor income from abroad 48.4 50.0 80.6 122.8 140.9 135.3 128.8 127.0 129.5 131.9 136.9 2. Net current tranfere fron abroad .. 61.4 78.9 119.8 121.0 124.1 129.8 137.8 135.7 123.0 129.0 3. Gross national product 62.0 61.8 78.9 119.7 120.4 123.6 129.9 138.6 136.2 122.3 128.5 G.1. Gross dosestic saving 58.4 59.4 86.2 119.4 124.9 127.3 127.9 128.7 128.5 129.1 130.2 2. Gross national saving .. 60.6 87.2 119.0 123.0 125.9 127.6 129.0 i28.1 128.3 128.8 R.I. EPD merchandise trade indices 2. Expert prices (px) USS. 1980-100 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 91.0 82.1 83.3 86.4 77.9 63.0 76.6 3. Import prices (pm) US$. 1980-100 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 101.6 97.0 94.6 92.6 91.7 99.1 109.2 4. Term of Trade (ft/fm) 0.0 0.0 0 0 100.0 89.6 84.7 88.1 93.3 84.9 63.6 70.2 Table 4: BALANCB OF PAYTUTS SOaRY AT CURSET PlICES (U1$ tillion) 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 A.1. Exporta pf goods & NFS (FOB) 25.0 1,753.0 4,236.1 14,097.5 13,086.4 13,649.0 15,655.3 18,453.4 1?,187.6 15,768.3 20,113.6 2. Merchandise .. 1,640.0 3,783.5 12,868.4 11,674.8 11,966.3 13,683.1 16,406.9 15,135.4 13,665.8 17,668.0 a. of which: Manufactures 74.8 124.8 689.2 2,464.0 2,358.6 2,780.9 3,518.4 4,404.1 4,528.0 4,977.4 6,829.9 3. Nonfactor Services 25.0 113.0 452.5 1,229.2 1,411.7 1,682.7 1,972.2 2,046.4 2,052.2 2,102.0 2,445.6 8.1. Imports of goods & UPS (FOB) 1,211.0 1,570.0 4,399.4 13,488.4 14,700.6 16,070.5 17,330.3 17,844.0 15,585.4 14,091.2 15,860.2 2. Merchandise 1,056.0 1,291.0 3,527.1 10,462.2 11,780.2 12,719.1 13,251.4 13,426.1 11,557.4 10,273.4 11,843.0 S. of whicht Manufactures 602.2 812.1 2,406.0 7,78S.7 8,441.5 9,591.1 10,263.3 10,973.8 9,405.3 9,260.2 9,982.0 3. Nonfactor servicea 155.0 279.0 872.2 3,026.2 2,920.4 3,351.4 4,078.9 4,417.9 4,049.0 3,817.7 4,017.2 C.l. Resource balance (1,186.0) 183.0 (163.3) S09.1 (1,614.2) (2,421.5) (1,675.0) 609.4 1,581.3 1,677.1 4,253.4 D.1. Net factor Income (84.0) (116.0) (299.7) (873.3) (837.9) (1,147.2) (1,812.7) (2,242.3) (2,269.4) (1,679.4) (2,059.0) 2. Factor receipts 55.0 77.0 156.1 738.6 792.2 649.6 562.3 613.6 590.9 535.1 681.1 a. of which labor income .. .. 4.1 .. .. .. .. 3. Factor payments 139.0 193.0 455.8 1,611.9 1,630.1 1,796.8 2,375.0 2.855.9 2,860.3 2,214.5 2.740,i a. of vhich LT Interest (DRS) .. 25.1 84.9 337.9 515.1 724.6 938.3 1,316.4 1,492.2 1,398.3 1,460.9 E.l. Net current transfers (private) 0.0 (65.0) (48.1) (43.2) (54.7) (53.1) (34.8) (62.7) (45.5) (18.9) (24.6) 2. Transfer receipts 0.0 10.0 35.1 41.4 42.1 45.4 41.4 33.7 39.1 56.8 61.9 a. of which workers' remittances 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. Transfer payment 0.0 75.0 83.2 84.6 96.8 98.5 76,2 96.5 84.6 75.7 86.5 F.l. Current acet bal (excl off trans) .. 2.0 (510.9) (307.3) (2,506.8) (3.621.8) (3.522.6) (1.695.7) (733.5) (21.2) 2.169.8 G.1. Long-term capital inflow 94.0 102.0 737.4 1,043.0 2,594.7 3,626.6 3,992.2 3.167.6 1.622.5 1,332.1 (275.0) 2. Net direct investmnt 49.0 94.0 350.5 933.8 1,264.6 1,397.2 1,260.6 797.5 694.6 552.8 575.5 3. Net official transfers 45.0 6.0 15.1 22.5 20.8 21.1 25.8 24.3 39.9 56.0 166.7 4. Net LT loans (DRtS) .. 0.8 757.4 1,111.1 2,331.8 3,915.9 3.177.0 2,383.7 739.4 408.0 (737.6) a. disbursements .. 57.6 892.9 1,456.2 2,766.0 4,509.7 3,890.2 3,508.1 4,389.0 2,225.7 1,959.1 b. repayments .. 56.8 135.5 345.1 434.2 593.8 713.2 1,124.4 3,649.6 1,817.7 2,696.7 5. Other LT inflows (net) .. 1.2 (385.6) (1,024.4) (1,022.5) (1,707.7) (471.1) (37.9) 148.4 315.3 (279.6) R.I. Other item (net) .. (90.4) (161.0) (267.5) (540.2) (266.8) (302.5) (986.1) 262.5 144.4 (776.1) 2. Net short-term capital .. (6.0) (65.9) 414.6 49.1 139.9 67.0 (122.0) 354.6 32.4 (955-7) 3. Capital flows n.e.i. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4. Errors and omissions (115.0) (84.4) (95.1) (682.1) (589.2) (406.7) (369.6) (864.1) (92.2) 112.0 179.6 1.1. Changes in net reserves (21.3) (13.6) (65.5) (468.3) 452.2 262.0 (167.1) (485.9) (1.151.0) (1,455.2) (1,118.6) 2. Use of Dm credit .. .. .. .. 220.9 53.0 56.0 (72.2) (139.9) (117.8) 0.0 3. Othet reserve changes - (21.3) (13.6) (65.5) (468.3) 231.3 209.0 (223.1) (413.7) (1,011.2) (1,337.4) (1,118.6) Memorandum Iteme J.l. Ezporta of goods (UN Trade System) 1,234.3 1,686.6 3,846.6 12,939.2 11,733,9 12,A26.7 14,130.0 16,432.0 15,441.0 13,874.1 17,921.2 a. Difference with BOP (2) .. 3.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 0.0 2.0 2.0 (1.0) 2. Imports of Goods (UN Trade System) 1,115.0 1,390.0 3,851.0 11,602.0 13,052.0 14,042.0 14,669.0 14,849.0 12,746.0 11,447.0 12,505.9 a. Difference with S0P (2) 6.0 8.0 9.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 11.0 6.0 V.I. 8oldisga of Reserves (IFS line 11.d+gold at ckt pr.) 469.9 667.5 1,688.9 5,755.0 5,024.2 4.832.4 4,672.6 4,441.6 5,677.0 6,942.J 8.572.9 Table 5 t UTBIRW DMB DZSW1RSUWnT AND WATNEIW (0s$ million at current prices) 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1924 1985 1986 19"7 Disburseeuet. A. Pulc6Pbil tr . . 45.4 588.4 1,015.1 2,107.4 2,882.3 3,003.9 2,823.6 3,741.2 1,299.6 1,564.0 1. Official Creditors . 39.3 155.4 211.1 384.4 266.8 419.5 1,003.5 309.0 201.5 485.0 a. Hultilateral .. 21.8 73.7 118.5 148.3 184.7 162.0 133.5 122.8 106.9 230.0 A& of which IUD .. 21.3 53.0 80.1 106. 123.9 116.3 89.1 75.4 66.1 109.9 ab of which IDA .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 b. Bilateral .. 17.5 81.7 92.6 236.1 82.1 237.5 870.0 186.2 94.6 255.0 2. Private Creditors . 6.1 433.0 804.0 1,723.0 2,615.5 2,524.4 1,820.1 3,432.2 1,09.1 1,079.0 a. Suppliers .. 4.6 22.4 124.7 41.7 8.9 175.0 160.5 178.3 58.9 54.0 b Financial Iarhate . 1.5 410.6 679.3 1,681.3 2,606.6 2,409.4 1,659.6 3,253.9 1,039.2 1,025.0 B. Private Bonuartanteed LT .. 12.2 304.5 441.1 658.6 1,627.4 886.3 624.5 647.8 900.5 985.4 C. Total LT Disburse easte WSB) .. 7.6 892.9 1,456.2 2,766.0 4,509.7 3.890.2 3,508.1 4,389.0 2,200.1 2,549.4 D. 111F Purchasses. 0.0 0.0 0.0 223.7 64.6 120.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 E. let Short-Tama Capital .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 F. Total Disbursements (C+D49) .. 57.6 892.9 1,456.2 2,989.7 4,574.3 4,011.0 3,508.1 4,389.0 2,200.1 2,549.4 A.iblic Publicly muar. LT . 47.4 86.2 126.9 143.3 258.0 353.4 550.0 3,146.9 1,069.8 1,869.7 1. Official Creditor. . 15.9 21.8 76.6 97.6 98.1 117.1 149.9 185.8 266.0 334.7 a. Multilateral .. 4.9 10.3 31.9 44.5 51.6 65.9 73.4 89.9 132.5 142.7 ma Of wicth 1I80 D 4.9 8.5 24.0 33., 41.6 55.1 57.3 71.7 108.9 117.3 ab of utlich IDA .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 b. Bilateral .. 11.0 11.5 44.7 53.1 46.5 51.2 76.5 95.9 153.5 192.0 2. Private Creditors . 31.5 64. 50.3 45.7 159.9 236.3 400.1 2,961.1 783.8 1,535.0 a. Suppliers . 1.4 3.0 11.3 11.9 11.8 14.1 29.4 165.2 59.4 99.0 b. Financial Narkata 30.1 61.4 39.(' 33.8 148.1 222.2 370.7 2,795.9 724.4 1,436.0 a. Private Nonguartateed LT . 9.4 49.3 218.2 290. 335.8 359.8 574.4 556.3 803.3 587.0 C. Total LT Repayments (AMD) .. 56.8 13.5.5 345.1 434.2 593.8 713.2 1,124.4 3,703.2 1,873.1 2,456.7 D. IMP Rapurchamm s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49.4 53.5 158.0 125.8 0.0 Vaaorandua Itee Arrears (Principal) .. 0.1 0O.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Commitments IWDcaotitmnts .. 41.5 63.5 105.0 127.0 152.3 143.1 70.0 156.6 319.3 of which fact diaburmSin .. .. .. .. IDA cinituents .. ... .. . of which fast disbursing ... .. .. . Table 6 s 8H3EIL DUST INTEREST AND OVTSTAUDINCS (U1$ illlon at current prices) 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 intereet A. PubiLc 8 Publicly OSr. LT .. 21.9 60.2 249.7 348.8 537.4 690.5 1,075.3 1,272.5 1,172.6 1,181.1 1. Official Creditor .. 13.2 32.5 86.2 93.0 96.5 110.0 131.6 178.9 208.8 272.1 a. Multilateral .. 7.9 22.4 60.0 64.0 69.5 79.0 82.1 S9.7 109.5 130.1 a of wbicb IBD .. 7.8 19.6 39.3 43.4 46.1 51.9 53.0 55.5 73.4 82.9 ab of cb 1D .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 b. Silateral .. 5.3 10.1 26.2 29.0 27.0 31.0 49.5 89.2 99.3 142.0 *2. Private Creditors .. 8.7 27.7 163.5 255.8 440.9 580.5 943.7 1,093.6 964.0 909.0 a. Suppliers .. 0.5 0.9 11.7 14.4 17.0 23.1 42.4 53.5 45.2 59.0 b. Fiancial Markets *. 8.2 26.8 151.8 241.4 423.9 557.4 901.3 1.040.1 918.8 850.0 S. Private Nonguranteed T .. 3.2 24.7 88.2 166.3 187.2 247.8 241.1 217.9 221.0 259.0 C. Total LT Interest () .- 25.1 84.9 337.9 515.1 724.6 938.3 1,316.4 1,490.4 1,393.8 1,440.1 D. III Service Charges .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 14.9 20.5 20.4 16.5 3.7 0.0 e. Interest Paid an ST Debt .. 0.0 0.0 138.0 194.0 191.0 179.0 204.0 224.0 171.0 193.0 F. Total Interest Paid (0401) .. 25.1 84.9 475.9 710.7 930.5 1,137.8 1,540.8 1,730.9 1,568.5 1,633.1 Memorandum Item Arretrs (loterest) .. 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Debt Omtst L & Disbureed (DOD) rTiicF aICiy Gear. LT 389.9 1,341.6 3,947.7 5,681.0 8,137.1 11,825.4 13,204.0 15,118.6 16,941.2 18,000.4 1. Official Creditors .. 265.3 618.7 1,443.7 1,663.4 1,777.6 2,068.0 2,685.0 3,321.1 3,871.7 4,736.4 a. Multilateral .. 141.4 318.6 745.0 848.7 982.0 1,097.8 1,039.5 1,211.8 1,363.1 1,656.4 e of which DRD .. 140.9 270.9 504.4 577.2 659.6 720.9 634.7 776.1 907.5 1,113.6 ab of wbich IDA .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 b. Ulateral .. 123.9 300.1 698.7 814.7 795.6 970.2 1,645.5 2,109.3 2,508.6 3,080.0 2. Private Creditors .. 124.6 722.9 2,504.0 4,017.6 6,359.5 9,757.4 10,519.0 11,797.5 13,069.5 13,264.0 a. Suppliers .. 10.9 31.6 194.5 208.4 192.3 422.8 531.9 621.0 723.7 679D0 b. inAncial Nrkets .. 113.7 691.3 2,309.5 3,809.2 6,167.2 9,334.6 9,987.1 11,176.5 12,345.8 12,585.0 B. Private Nonguarenteed LT .. 49.8 501.7 1,248.3 1,637.1 3,198.4 2,731.5 2,775.2 2,960.3 2,891.0 3,016.0 C. Total LT DOD (*+) .. 439.7 1,843.3 5,196.0 7,318.1 11,335.5 14,556.9 15,979.2 18,078.9 19,832.2 21,016.4 D. Use of Ir Credit Outstanding .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 220.9 273.8 329.9 257.7 117.8 0.0 0.0 S. Short-Term Debt .. 0.0 0.0 1,355.0 1,624.0 1,723.0 3,027.0 2,531.0 2,685.0 2,413.0 2,008.0 F. Total External Debt (0+DM) .. 439.7 1,843.3 6,351.0 9,163.0 13,332.3 17,913.8 18,767.9 20,881.7 22,245.2 23,024.4 Norand Ite. S on Couceaslono Term .. 227.6 371.1 665.8 686.9 650.1 731.5 944.2 1,291.6 1,541.0 1,775.0 2 at Variable Interest Rates .- 0.0 465.6 1,356.5 2,797.6 4,984.1 6,847.8 7,813.9 8,128.6 8,752.6 8,800.0 Table 7: UMTDAL TSUE 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 lnorts (CuF) (Cur. us$ *ln) Food 275.2 279.3 681.5 1,321.4 1,615.8 1,569.1 1,583.2 1,653.4 0.0 1,170.7 0.0 Nenfood agriculture products 57.9 49.5 96.8 268.1 278.5 259.5 255.8 277.5 0.0 161.3 0.0 Metals and minerals 49.9 81.4 203.7 465.7 473.0 499.2 544.0 433.6 0.0 252.7 0.0 Fuela 129.8 167.8 463.0 1,758.1 2,243.2 2,123.1 2,022.7 1,510.8 .. Nenufacturee 602.2 812.1 2,406.0 7,788.7 8,441.5 9,591.1 10,263.3 10,973.8 Total 1,115.0 1.390.0 3,851.0 11.602.0 13,052.0 14,042.0 14.669.0 14.849.0 12.746.0 11,7.0 12,559.9 kSOrts (FOB) (Cu?r. 38$ U1D) Food 116.9 208.2 885.6 1,946.1 1,978.6 1,917.3 2,217.2 3.166.2 0.0 1,939.6 0.0 Nonfood agriculture products 611.4 848.2 1,319.7 4,010.7 3,213.9 3,128.5 3,421.0 3,320.5 0.0 3,S89.3 0.0 tetals and minerals 348.4 381.5 533.6 1,319.9 1,058.9 752.1 895.7 659.4 0.0 399.0 0.0 fuela 82.8 123.9 418.6 3,198.5 3,123.9 3,447.9 4,077.7 4,881.8 Manufactures 74.8 124.8 689.2 2,464.0 2,358.6 2,780.9 3,518.4 4.404.1 4,528.0 4,974.0 Total 1.234.3 1.686.6 3.846.6 12,939.2 11.733.9 12.026.7 14,130.0 16,432.0 15.441.0 13,874.1 15.012.0 Imprts (C1F) (Cost. 1980 us8 Ulu) Ftaood agriculture pr"utte 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nofood adiulture producte 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Natal. *nd dneral 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fuele 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 aoufa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total e0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Exports (OD) (Conest. 1980 USS$ .1.) Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Naufood *grteulture producte 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 n.0 0.0 Totalc ald mieral 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fuele 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 aduf acturea 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 M otal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Manort Deflatore (198C - 100) Food 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nonfood agriculture products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metals and minerals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fuels 4.3 4.3 35.7 100.0 112.5 101.6 92.5 90.2 87.5 44.6 56.9 Manufactures 30.0 34.8 62.8 100.0 100.5 99.1 96.6 94.9 95.9 113.4 125.4 Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Export Deflator. (1980 * 100) Food 0. 0. 0. 0.O. . . . . . . Nionfood agriculture producte 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Naetal, and mineral. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fuel. 4.3 4.3 35.7 100.0 112.5 101.6 92.5 90.2 87.5 45.0 56.9 Manufacture. 24.9 24.5 43.7 100.0 8n.6 80.3 78.6 77.2 76.6 90.5 100.1 Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 91.1 82.2 82.8 83.9 76.7 68.1 72.0 Table 8: FISCAL AMD IONSTART INDICATORS (N$ llion) 1965 1970 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 198 1985 1986 1987 Mone and Candit A. Mosy + quaa-uouey (IFS 34+35) 2,444.4 4,122.6 10,001.0 27,436.3 32,339.2 37,618.1 41,162.9 45,858.4 48,919.6 54,307.8 S. Total net cosestic credit (32) 1,017.3 2,274.6 7,389.9 22,367.7 30,213.8 36,725.9 42,622.6 50,501.4 53,443.6 58,212.6 1. To government (net) (32 an) (101.3) 29.7 1,312.9 548.6 2,786.0 4,617.3 4,203.8 4,770.5 1,654.1 2,800.5 2. To official entities (32b) .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 3. To private sector (32d) 1,119.0 2,245.0 6,077.0 20,346.0 24,976.1 29,196.9 35,402.9 41,975.8 47,849.0 51,275.2 .. C. Nst foreign assets (31n) 1,633.1 2,101.2 3,744.6 9,356.8 7,701.3 7,651.0 7,137.6 5,486.2 8,811.7 13,988.9 D. Other Item (net) (37r) 214.7 245.8 1,133.5 4,295.0 5,575.9 6,758.8 8,597.4 10,129.2 13,335.7 17,899.7 Public Fnnce A. Total re_ .. .. 5,082.0 13,926.0 15,806.0 16,690.0 18,608.0 20,805.0 21,114.0 19,518.0 17,861.0 B. Total expenditure .. .. 6,916.0 20,948.0 26,821.0 27,860.0 27,790.0 27,880.0 26,822.0 27,024.0 24,949.0 C. Overall balance .. .. (1,834.0) (7,022.0) (11,015.0 (11,170.0 (9,182.0) (7,075.0) (5,708.0) (7,506.0) (7,088.0) 1. Official capital grants .- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2. External borroing .. . .01.0 310.0 2,909.0 4,893.0 4,569.0 3,093.0 956 1,347 (-1,878.0) 3. Dometic finacing .. .. 926.0 2,331.0 4,773.0 6,084.0 4,467.0 3,153.0 --3,670.0 4,930.0 8,701.0 - 9 - Table 1.1: MALAYSIA - POPULATION BY STATE ('000) 1921 1931 1947 1957 1970 1980 1985/a % Johor 282 505 738 927 1,277 1,638 1,835 11.8 Kedah 339 430 554 702 955 1,116 1,189 7.6 Kelantan 309 362 449 506 685 894 1,014 6.5 Melaka 154 187 239 291 404 465 493 3.2 Negeri Sembilan 179 234 268 365 482 574 618 4.0 Pahang 146 180 250 313 505 799 988 6.4 Penang 292 340 446 572 776 955 1,034 6.7 Perak 611 786 954 1,221 1,569 1,805 1,915 12.3 Perlis 40 49 70 91 121 148 161 1.0 Selangor 401 533 711 1,013 982 1,515 1,838 11.8 Trengganu 154 180 226 278 405 541 615 4.0 Federal Territory - - - - 648 977 1,174 7.6 Peninsular Malaysia 2,907 3,786 4,905 6,279 8,809 11,427 12,874 82.8 Sabah - - 321 411 654 1,011 1,201 7.7 Sarawak - - 546 693 976 1,308 1,473 9.5 Malaysia 2,907 3,786 5,772 7,383 10,439 13,746 15,548 100.0 /a Estimate. Source: Department of Statistics, June 1985. - 10 - Table 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP ('000) 1975/a 1980 1985 Peninsular Malaysia All ages 10,634.0 11,473.0 12,968.8 0-14 4,311.0 4,484.0 4,835.1 15-24 - 2,436.9 2,726.3 25-39 5,733.0 2,301.2 2,789.2 40-54 - 1,310.0 1,535.3 55-64 - 515.7 605.6 65+ 390.0 425.2 477.3 Sabah All ages 1,154.0 1,055.1 1,279.5 0-14 751.0 471.0 575.1 15-24 - 228.5 244.8 25-39 388.0 201.0 268.5 40-54 - 101.7 123.5 55-64 - 34.1 41.9 65+ 15.0 18.8 25.7 Sarawak All ages 1,113.0 1,351.1 1,542.8 0-14 510.0 587.5 636.3 15-24 - 266.2 319.5 25-39 570.0 246.9 299.2 40-54 - 142.2 164.0 55-64 - 61.2 69.0 65+ 33.0 47.1 54.8 Malaysia All ages 12,298.0 13,879.2 15,791.1 0-14 5,169.0 5,542.5 6,046.5 15-24 - 2,931.6 3,290.6 25-39 6,691.0 2,749.1 3,356.9 40-54 - 1,553.9 1,822.8 55-64 - 611.0 716.5 65+ 438.0 491.1 557.8 /a Data for 1975 refers to the following age groups: 0-14, 15-64. Sources: Fifth Malaysia Plan, Table 4.2 (for 1980 and 1985); and Mid-Term Review of Third Malaysia Plan (for 1975). - 11 - Table 1.3: POPULATION BY ETHNIC GROUP ('000) 1975 1980 1985 Peninsular Malaysia 10,434.0 11,473.0 12,968.8 Malay and other Bumiputera 5,531.0 6,324.4 7,325.6 Chinese 3,714.0 3,894.3 4,248.4 Indian 1,106.0 1,178.9 1,311.9 Other 83.0 75.4 82.9 Sabah /a n.a. 1,055.1 1,279.5 Malay and other Bumiputera n.a. 874.6 1,077.0 Chinese n.a. 171.1 191.0 Indian n.a. 5.9 7.2 Other n.a. 3.5 4.3 Sarawak /b n.a. 1,351.1 1,542.8 Malay and other Bumiputera n.a. 939.8 1,080.8 Chinese n.a. 394.7 442.9 Indian n.Z. 3.4 4.0 Other n.a. 13.2 15.1 Malaysia n.a. 13,879.2 15,791.1 Malay and other Bumiputera n.a. 8,138.8 9,483.4 Chinese n.a. 4,460.1 4,882.3 Indian n.a. 1,188.2 1,323.1 Other n.a. 92.1 102.3 /a Includes all the indigenous ethnic groups gn Sabah, Malays, Sino-natives and Natives of Sarawak. /b Includes M&lavd, Melanaus, Ibans, Bidayuh and other indigenous ethnic groups. Sources: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 4.1 (for 1980 and 1985); and Mid- Term Review of Third Malaysia Plan, Table 3.2 (for 1975). - 12 - Table 1.4: SELECTED SOCIOECONOMIC STATISTICS 1970 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Demographic Indicators Crude birth rate /a (per 1,000 population) 33.9 30.3 30.8 31.0 30.5 31.3 31.7 30.8 Crude death rate /a (per 1,000 population) 7.3 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.8 Crude rate of natural increase /a 26.6 24.8 25.6 26.0 25.4 26.2 26.7 26.0 Infant mortality rate /a (per 1,000 live births) 40.8 24.0 19.7 19.5 20.2 17.6 17.0 15.7 Life expectancy (age in years) /a Male 62.2 n.a. n.a. 67.7 67.6 67.6 67.7 68.2 Female 66.5 n.a. n.a. 72.5 72.3 72.7 72.4 72.9 Population density (per km2) Peninsular Malaysia 67.0 87.0 89.0 91.0 94.0 96.0 99.0 101.0 Malaysia 31.0 41.0 42.0 44.0 45.0 46.0 48.0 49.0 Education Primary school enrollment ('000) 1,680 2,008 2,034 2,072 2,120 2,146 2,192 2,232 Primary school enrollment ratio /a /b 88.2 94.5 95.0 93.4 94.1 94.4 95.4 96.6 Secondary school enrollment (1000) 545 1,084 1,151 1,141 1,217 1,271 .1,293 1,321 University enrollment /a 8,320 25,602 28,611 33,291 36,361 40,401 43,258 48,655 /a Peninsular Malaysia only. /b Primary school enrolment as a percentage of primary school-age population, i.e., children aged 6-11 years. Source: Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1985/86 and 1987/88, Table 9.1. Table 1.5: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR ('000) 1975 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Agriculture, forestry and fishing 1,915.0 1,910.9 1,933.8 1,929.3 1,924.7 1,932.4 1,903.3 1,954.7 2,005.5 Mining and quarrying 87.5 80.1 75.8 69.3 65.8 66.8 60.5 52.5 53.8 Manufacturing 448.0 755.1 786.8 799.4 814.6 843.9 828.0 810.0 820.5 Construction 159.6 270.2 310.1 340.4 360.9 370.9 378.7 368.7 355.8 Finance, insurance and commerce 38.7 78.3 84.5 89.6 94.8 98.2 101.6 104.8 108.4 Transport, storage and communication 180.8 209.5 226.5 234.0 239.9 254.1 264.9 269.4 271.0 Government services /a 520.4 658.2 722.6 765.1 785.8 803.2 819.5 835.9 843.9 a Other services /b 669.5 854.6 890.6 938.0 984.8 1,024.3 1,112.0 1,172.7 1,228.9 Total 4,019.5 4,816.9 5,030.7 5,165.1 5,271.4 5,393.8 5,468.5 5,568.1 5,687.8 Memo Labor force 4,320.3 5,108.9 5,295.5 5,418.9 5,580.0 5,753.8 5,917.1 6,088.6 6,259.0 Unemployment 300.8 292.0 264.8 253.8 308.6 360.0 448.6 520.5 571.2 Unemployment rate (Z) 7.0 5.7 5.0 4.7 5.5 6.3 7.6 8.5 9.1 /a Government sector includes public administration, health, education and defense. /b Includes distributive trades such as hotels, cinemas, shipping services, electricity, gas and water. Sources: Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1987/88, Table 6.1, (for 1982-87); Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 3.5 (for 1985 and Labor Force and Unemployment data for 1980); and Mid-Term Review- of Third Malaysia Plan, Table 4.5 (for 1975). - 14 - Table 1.6: POPULATION SIZE AND AGE STRUCTURE, 1980-90 Average annual 1980 1985 1990 srowth rate (Z) Age group 1000 X '000 '000 2 1981-85 1986-90 O - 14 5,542.5 39.9 6,046.5 38.3 6,613.9 37.0 1.7 1.8 15 - 24 2,931.6 21.2 3,290.6 20.9 3,551.2 19.8 2.3 1.5 25 - 39 2,749.1 19.8 3,356.9 21.3 4,018.6 22.5 4.0 3.6 40 - 54 1,553.9 11.2 1,822.8 11.5 2,180.4 12.2. 3.2 3.6 55 - 64 611.0 4.4 716.5 4.5 851.6 4.8 3.2 3.5 65+ 491.1 3.5 557.8 3.5 661.5 3.7 2.5 3.4 Total u13879.2 100.0 15.791.1 100.0 17,877.2 100.0 2.6 2.5 Source: Fifth Malaysia Plan. - 15 - Table 1.7: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF UNEMPLOYMENT BY LABOR FORCE STATUS /a 1982 1985 1986 All Strata Both sexes 42.8 47.2 45.8 Male 46.4 54.2 52.2 Female 36.2 38.1 35.5 Urban Both sexes 51.6 55.1 55.7 Male 53.8 59.6 60.6 Female 46.3 48.1 47.1 Rural Both sexes 37.8 42.9 40.3 Male 42.9 . 50.0 47.8 Female 31.4 32.9 29.3 Ia Percentage of total unemployed persons who are actively seeking work. Source: Ministry of Labor, Labor Force Surver. - 16 - Table 1.8: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF INACTI'1ELY UNEMPLOYED BY REASONS FOR NOt SEEKING WORK AND EDUCATION a No edu- Pri- Lower Middle Upper Univer./ All cation mary secondary secondary secondary college Belleve none 1982 7.4 5.6 11.6 8.1 5.9 4.4 0.0 or no suitable 1985 14.7 23.7 18.9 16.2 12.2 3.9 3.0 job available 1986 21.6 30.1 24.0 28.4 17.0 12.1 5.1 Waiting for answers to 1982 67.8 18.4 37.1 63.6 87.6 9,0.1 58.5 job application/have 1985 58*0 17.4 33.8 52.1 79.8 92.5 70.3 looked for job prior 1986 58.2 14.6 39.1 49.1 76.0 86.7 71.8 to last week New job to start soon 1982 3.2 3.8 3.2 3.0 2.1 2.0 27.4 1985 3.3 1.5 2.4 2.8 2.9 2.4 21.9 1986 2.3 0.5 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.2 20.4 No qualification 1982 7.6 4.7 11.1 15.7 1.5 2.7 12.2 1985 9.7 7.7 12.8 21.1 0.9 0.6 3.8 1986 6.7 4.7 8.7 14.9 1.4 0.0 0.0 Illness/confinement 1982 14.0 66.6 36.6 9.6 3.0 0.9 1.9 1985 13.9 49.7 31.4 7.3 4.3 0.7 1.1 1986 11.0 49.6 25.2 5.9 3.8 0.0 2.4 /a The residual of less than 1X is accounted for by bad weather. Source: Department of Statistics, Labor Force Survey. - 17 - Table 1.9: PERCENTAGE OF UNEMPLOYED WITHOUT WORK EXPERIENCE BY AGE 1982 1985 1986 Age Group 15-64 41.4 42.5 35.9 15-19 58.4 63.3 58.9 20-24 41.8 46.8 39.8 25-29 20.1 22.5 14.5 31-34 7.8 11.7 7.6 Over 34 4.1-0.0 11.2-2.7 5.0-2.2 Source: Department of Statistics, Labor Force Survey. - 18 - Table 1.10: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYED PERSONS BY INDUSTRY 1967 1980 1982 1985 1986 Agriculture 51.6 33.6 28.0 26.5 26.7 Industry 30.9 46.1 47.9 48.7 48.0 Mining and quarrying 3.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 Manufacturing 9.1 18.3 17.2 16.9 16.9 Utilities 0.9 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 Construction 3.3 5.8 7.3 7.5 6.5 Commerce 10.8 15.0 17.3 18.5 19.0 Transport, storage and communication 3.6 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 Services 17.5 20.3 24.2 24.8 25.4 Source: Labor Force Survey. - 19 - Table 1.11: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYED PERSONS BY INDUSTRY AND URBAN/RURAL STRATUM, 1986 All Urban Rural Total Agriculture 26.7 5.8 94.2 100 Industry 48.0 48.7 51.3 100 Mining & quarrying 0.7 31.1 68.9 100 Manufacturing 16.9 45.5 54.5 Electricity, gas , water 0.5 43.7 56.3 100 Construction 6.5 46.8 53.2 100 Wholesale, retail trade, & resta rants & hotels 19.0 53.2 46.8 100 Transport, storage & communication 4.3 47.5 52.5 100 Services 25.4 51.6 48.4 100 Financing, insurance, real estate & business services 4.5 64.1 35.9 100 Comiunity, social & personal services 20.9 48.9 51.1 100 Total 100 38.0 62.0 100 Source: Department of Statistics, Labor Force Survey. - 20 - Table 1.12: INTERINDUSTRY REAL WAGES 1968-81 Annual average rate of growth (2) 1968 1973 1981 1968-73 1973-81 Food 1,986.5 1,688.4 2,550.6 , -2.8 6.4 Beverage 3,212.7 3,089.8 3,749.0 -0.8 2.7 Tobacco 2,479.7 1,929.7 1,951.9 -4.4 0.1 Textile 1,273.0 1,335.8 2,328.2 1.0 9.3 Apparel 967.1 1,003.8 1,626.1 0.8 7.8 Leather 1,291.6 1,072.0 1,320.9 -3.4 7.1 Wood products 2,117.5 1,933.4 2,239.7 -1.7 4.3 Furniture & fixtures 1,551.5 1,670.0 1,439.8 1.5 2.4 Paper & paper products 1,339.7 1,357.7 1,762.4 0.3 8.2 Rubber products 2,133.7 1,848.1 2,101.2 -2.7 5.0 Chemical products 3,162.1 3,136.8 3,398.9 -0.2 1.9 Petroleum products 11,388.9 9,349.7 10,611.9 -3.6 -0.1 Nonmetallic mineral products 2,440.2 2,109.9 2,041.8 -2.7 3.9 Plastics 1,310.1 1,254.9 1,608.8 -0.8 6.2 Basic metals 2,587.7 2,629.0 3,163.8 0.3 1.4 Fabricated metal products 2,068.7 1,766.6 2,215.6 -2.9 5.3 Machinery except electrical 2,038.5 1,890.0 2,577.3 -1.5 .6.0 Electrical machinery 2,374.8 1,394.2 2,006.5 -8.3 9.5 Transport equipment 2,643.4 2,266.9 3,238.6 -2.9 8.5 Scientific equipment - 1,490.8 2,820.5 - 11.9 Total /a 2,130.9 1,827.8 2,254.2 -2.8 5.2 /a Includes miscellaneous industries. Source: Census and Survey of Manufacturing Industries. Soon Lee Ying (1987). - 21 - Table 1.13: WAGE DISPERSION IN MANUFACTURING Standard Coefficient Mean wage deviation of variation 1968 2,534.3 2,171.1 0.86 1970 2,607.5 1,947.7 0.74 1971 2,598.2 1,804.2 0.69 1972 2,660.4 1,942.8 0.73 1973 2,677.4 2,080.0 0.78 1974 3,107.7 1,989.8 0.64 1975 3,403.7 2,161.4 0.63 1976 3,873.4 2,615.6 0.67 1978 4,344.2 2,762.4 0.61 1979 4,573.6 2,493.4 0.55 1981 5,737.6 3,193.7 0.55 1982 6,599.2 3,707.3 0.56 1983 7,283.9 2,991.2 .0.41 Source: Soon Lee Ying (1987). - 22 - Table 1.14: ANNUAL REAL MANUFACTURING WAGES PER WORKER BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS 1969-83 % rate of growth per annum 1969 1973 1978 1983 1969-73 1973-78 1978-83 Managerial 1,268.2 1,233.7 1,259.7 1,390.4 -0.5 0.3 1.7 Technical & advisory 4,867.1 4,045.6 4,296.7 5,245.4 -3.4 1.0 3.7 Clerical 3,269.0 2,712.9 2,990.0 3,600.5 -3.4 1.7 3.4 Skilled 1,857.7 1,557.8 1,813.8 2,597.4 -3.2 2.7 7.2 Unskilled 1,215.7 1,010.8 1,218.2 1,670.1 -3.4 3.4 6.2 Source: Census and Surveys of Manufacturing Industries. Soon Lee Ying (1987). - 23 - Table 1.15: WAGES OF WORKERS IN SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES /a 1980 1983 1985 Industrial efficiency engineer (M) /b 1,599 1,920 1,923 Office clerk (M/F) 350 649 - (410) (700) (488) Laborer (general) 228 335 388 Earnings daily (164) (360) (537) (6.061 [7.11] [12.31 Typist (F) 298 649 _ (325) (755) (495) Production supervisor 495 872 801 and foreman, general (565) (997) (891) Plant maintenance 389 559 622 mechanic (464) (922) (780) /a Monthly salary rates except numbers in parentheses which refer to monthly earnings and those in brackets which are daily wage rates. /b M - male, F = female, M/F - both sexes. Source: Ministry of Labor, Occupational Wage Survey. - 24 - Table 1.16: AVERAGE MONTHLY EARNINGS OF SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY AS AT JULY 31, 1984 AND 1986 (in M$) All Occupation 1984 1986 Engineer 2,534 2,275 Quantity surveyor 1,819 1,640 Project manager 3,128 '3,216 Accountant 2,186 2,087 Supervisor/Kepala 1,278 1,087 Clerk of workers 771 861 Technician 660 700 Fireman/electrician 778 810 Bar bender 727 1,081 Carpenter 772 587 Plumber 829 639 Painter 727 664 Plasterers 890 831 File fixer 862 821 Brick layer 749 633 Concreter 695 552 Mason 793 725 Lorry driver 572 714 Lorry attendant 373 441 Steel worker 786 603 Machine/plant operator 665 740 Crane driver/operator 1,265 928 General workers 627 398 Source: Research and Planning Division, Ministry of Labor. - 25 - Table 1.17: PERCENTAGE GROWTH RATES OF WAGES, EARNINGS AND PRICES: OIL PALM AND RUBBER ESTATES Oil palm Rubber Nominal daily Nominal average Nominal daily Average Palm wage rate daily earnings Rubber wage rate daily earnings oil Harves- Factory Harves- Factory Rubbcr Factory Factory price ters workers ters workers price Tappers workers Tappers workers 1981 - - - - - -19.6 - - 1982 -17.8 23.8 -27.2 51.0 -10.1 -25.0 4.5 - -4.0 - 1983 6.7 17.7 -6.1 1.4 -8.2 41.0 21.4 -8.9 9.2 -8.6 1984 50.0 28.8 10.8 21.1 -1.5 -14.0 -15.1 -5.4 -12.5 -26.0 1985 -25.6 -18.7 -1.1 -20.0 18.5 -14.4 3.6 40.5 9.3 25.5 1986 -47.6 -30.9 -24.9 -15.4 -19.6 18.4 29.3 -8.4 18.5 -11.0 1987 21.6 - - - - 13.4 - - - - Source: Ministry of Labor Research and Planning Division, Annual Survey of Employment and Wages. - 26 - Table 1.18: CHANGES IN THE BASIC (MINIMUM) MONTHLY SALARY OF SELECTED OCCUPATIONS FOR WORKERS WITH THREE YEARS EXPERIENCE /a 1984/85 1985/86 1986/87 Stenographer + - - Clerk-typist + o + Accounts clerk o - o Storekeeper - - + General clerk - 0 0 Office boy/peon - o o Laboratory assistant/technician - + + Electricians - - + Fitter (general) - - o Mechanic o - - Quality checker/controller - 0 + Production/factory technician + - No data Supervisor - + Foreman - + + Car/van drivers - o + Sales representative - 0 + Highly skilled - 0 Semiskilled - 0 - Unskilled - - o Total 19 19 18 Negative (-) 14 8 5 No change (o) 2 8 4 Positive (+) 3 3 9 /a The above list of occupatlons was selected on the basis of the size of observations reported in the NEF surveys. Sources: Malaysian Employers Federation (MEF): (a) Survey on terms and conditions of employment of the nonexecutive position, October 1981, November 1984. (b) Wage/salary report, nonexecutive positions, August 1987, October 1985. - 27 - Table 1.19: RECURRENT COST OF TERTIARY EDUCATION PER STUDENT YEAR, 1987 (M$) Established schools New schools /a Engineering 8,000 12,000 Pure arts 4,000 7,000 Applied arts 5,000 8,000 Pure sciences 8,000 12,000 Applied sciences 25,000 30,000 /a The higher cost of new schools is due to capacity underutilization. Source: EPU. - 28 - Table 1.20: ANNUAL RECURRENT EXPENDITURE AND COST PER STUDENT 1982-84 Expenditure/ Number of Cost/student Year allocation M$ students /a M$ Secondary Vocational Schools (SVS) 1982 22,033,488 11,614 1,897.00 1983 21,239,514 11,295 1,881.00 1984 22,457,616 10,770 2,085.00 1985 28,385,850 12,318 2,305.00 1986 33,896,000 15,871 2,136.00 ndustrial TrainioR ins_titute (TTIs) 1982 7,968,000 2,267 3,515.00 1983 6,497,900 2,321 2,800.0Q Skilled Training Institutes (MARA) 1982 n.a. r.a. n.a. 1983 11,951,100 /b 4,265 /c 2,802.00 1984 15,172,500 W 4,562 T 3,326.00 /a Number of students enrolled. /b Source: MURA. /c Figures taken from the final report on Study on Industrial Training Schemes in the Manufacturing Sector by W.D. Scott and Universities Teknologi Malaysia. Note: (1) The enrollment figures provided from MLM and adopted for MARA from the Scott study needs confirmation. (2) As the duration of training for the different types of courses varies within the ITIs, unless enrollment figures are obtained by type of course and the number of trainees on the rolls for different parts of the year, the actual cost per student cannot be arrived at. Sources: TAVED, Ministry of Labor. - 29 - Table 1.21: iAVERAGE MONTHLY SALARY AND EARNINGS BY EDUCATION LEVEL 1984 (M$) Male Female Salary/ Salary/ Education level Salary /a Earnings earnings Salary Earnings earnings No certificate 145.35 170.80 0.85 44.34 53.09 0.84 LCE 352.29 431.77 0.82 235.48 275.31 0.86 Vocational school 432.61 552.54 0.78 279.08 315.30 0.89 MCE 561.73 680.29 0.83 400.26 451.92 0.89 HSE 803.02 963.96 0.83 467.00 526.94 0.89 College diploma 1,030.33 1,204.08 0.86 818.92 900.81 0.91 University degree 2,018.10 2,473.08 0.82 1,351.08 1,506.68 0.90 /a Wages and salaries (before deduction for income tax, EPF, etc.). /b Includes regular wages and salaries plus bonuses, allowances, benefits, except employer contributions to EPF, SOCSO, stc. Source: EPU. Table 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT /a (M$ million, constant 1970 prices) 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Consumption 12,641 12,748 13,686 14,997 16,329 18,127 20,476 21,632 22,475 23,380 Public 2,919 3,117 3,382 3,714 3,931 4,273 5,131 5,903 6,325 6,552 Private 9,722 9,631 10,304 11,283 12,398 13,854 15,345 15,729 16,150 16,828 Gross investment 4,702 3,670 4,095 5,011 5,418 6,574 7,101 8,729 8,936 10,615 Fixed capital formation 4,252 3,936 4,133 4,736 5,119 6,276 7,186 8,897 8,800 10,517 Public /b 1,205 1,482 1,668 1,976 1,958 2,320 2,676 3,324 3,272 3,996 Private 3,047 2,454 2,465 2,760 3,161 3,956 4,510 5,573 5,528 6,521 CFange in stocks 450 -266 -38 275 299 298 -85 -168 136 98 n.a. Exports of goods and NFS 7,401 7,179 8,397 8,746 9,410 11,053 11,353 11,413 12,409 13,770 Imports of goods and NFS 7,517 6,232 6,805 7,879 8,89 11,430 12,702 13,622 15,143 16,323 Gross Domestic Product 17,227 17,365 19,37' 20,875 22,26, 24,324 26,228 28,152 29,677 31,442 Net factor income from abroad -682 -449 -642 -729 -921 -1,056 -968 -1,006 -1,284 -1,802 Gross National Product 16,545 16,916 18,731 20,146 21,343 23,268 25,260 27,146 28,393 29,640 /a Based on 1970 price series. - /b Includes investment of Federal and State Governments and 40 nonfinancial public enterprises from 1980. Prior to 1980, includes only 10 non- financial public enterprises. Source: EPU, January 1986. Table 2.2: GDP BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN -THwmrin on, constant 1970 prices) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Agriculture, livestock, forestry & fishing 3,852 4,146 4,634 4,954 4,804 5,392 5,519 5,610 6,068 Mining & quarrying 834 889 852 796 792 955 967 1,054 1,197 Manufacturing 1,858 2,047 2,508 2,768 2,850 3,377 3,735 4,081 4,470 Construction 541 571 651 729 654 713 800 919 1,027 Electricity & water 238 275 304 337 365 400 442 499 557 Transport & communication 632 720 827 947 1,071 1,153 1,290 1,415 1,549 Wholesale & retail trade 1,717 1,840 2,038 2,213 2,219 2,405 2,592 2,824 3,161 Banking, insurance, real estate & business services, ownership of dwellings 1,126 1,213 1,311 1,394 1,468 1,552 1,675 1,823 1,946 Government services 1,466 1,718 1,810 2,062 2,210 2,420 2,719 2,831 3,055 Other services /a 752 819 969 1,027- 93i 1,006 1,136 1,208 1,294 GDP at Market Prices 13,016 14,238 15,904 17,227 17,365 19,373 20,875 22,264 24,324 /a Includes community, social and personal services, private nonprofit services to households and domestic services of households; plus import duties less imputed bank service charges. Source: EPU, January 1986. Table 2.3: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN /a (M$ million, constant 1978 prices) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Agriculture, livestock, forestry & fishing 9,513 10,060 10,189 10,684 11,375 11,302 11,623 11,914 12,389 13,323 Mining & quarrying 3,912 4,586 4,487 4,289 4,617 5,342 6,073 5,985 6,433 6,442 Kanufacturing 7,189 8,004 8,742 9,155 9,668 10,429 11,711 11,263 12,111 13,655 Construction 1,572 1,761 2,066 2,367 2,598 2,867 2,988 2,738 2,355 2,214 Electricity, gas & water 530 584 640 689 721 798 890 948 1,027 1,109 Transport, storage & communication 1,867 2,107 2,542 2,847 2,984 3,138 3,464 3,630 3,851 4,055 Wholesale & retail trade, hotels & restaurants 4,156 4,669 5,383 5,694 6,104 6,583 7,107 6,911 6,147 6,416 Finance, insurance, real estate, business services 6 ownership of dwellings 3,177 3,434 3,687 3,953 4,231 4,570 4,892 5,093 5,073 5,363 Govertnmnt services - 4,106 4,375 4,563 5,649 6,027 6,328 6,817 6,957 7,253 7,543 Other services /b 899 948 1,021 1,065 1,141 1,193 1,249 1,300 1,352 1,413 Less Imputed bank service charges 585 733 854 877 1,152 1,397 1,595 1,834 1,891 2,175 Plus import duties 1,550 1,633 2,046 2,087 2,116 2,429 2,522 2,245 1,759 1,650 GDP at Market Prices 37,886 41,428 44,512 47,602 50,430 53,582 57,741 57,150 57,859 61,008 /a Based on 1978 Input/Output frame. 7b Includes community, social and personal services, private nonprofit services to households and domestic services of households. Source: Ministry of Pinance, Economic Report, 1987/88, Statistical Appendix Table 2.2 for 1980-87. Table 3.1: CONSOLIDATED PUBLIC SECTOR EXPENDITURE AND FINA1CING (M$ million) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 E Total federal revenue 13,926 15,806 16,690 18,608 20,805 21,114 19,518 17,832 Federal current expenditure /a 13,617 15,686 16,671 18,374 19,806 20,066 20,075 19,976 Federal current surplus 309 120 19 234 999 1,048 (557) (2,144) States' current surplus 999 909 1,512 1,432 1,170 1,318 1,581 1,437 NFPE's current surplus 2,504 2,826 3,423 4,306 5,005 5,762 2,994 3,386 Public sector current surplus 3,8T2 - 3,855 4,954 5,972 7,174 9,601 3,833 2,263 Net public sector development expenditure 10,022 15,214 16,235 17,048 16,965 13,726 10,813 8,436 Overall deficit (6,210) (11,359) (11,281) (11,076) (9,791) (4,125) (6,980) (6,173) Memo Items Overall deficit as X of GNP 12.0 20.5 19.0 16.8 13.3 5.7 10.6 8.4 Sources of financing Net foreign borrowing 1,590 4,745 6,700 7,297 5,226 1,783 984 (1,541) Net domestic borowing 3,650 4,260 6,672 5,350 3,542 4,076 4,512 9,650 Use of accumulated assets and special receipts /b +970 +2,354 -2,091 -1,571 +1,023 -1,734 +1,484 -1,936 /a Includes transfers to Development Fund. Zb: + indicates drawdown in reserves. - indicates buildup in reserves. E Latest estimate. Sources: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1987/88. -34- tobla 3.2. VISll CQOVImUT l UPWvITUM (3 million) 1975 1976 1977 1916 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986txa 1987a Total xpenditure 7,051, 8.206 10,615 11.823 14,312 21.072 27.044 28.156 28.044 28,213 27.208 27.634 27.485 Operattng expenditure /4 4.900 5,828 7,398 8,041 10,039 13.609 35,686 16,671 18,374 19.806 20,066 20,075 19,976 Security 1.314 1.219 3,517 1.692 1,834 2,167 2,834 3.076 3.106 3.326 3.274 3,403 3,229 Defense 939 780 973 1.090 1,174 13443 1.952 2.049 2.019 1.903 2,270 2,392 Internel security /e 3?5 439 544 602 660 724 902 1,027 1.087 13423 1.422 1,490 Social services 1.645 1,784 2.467 2,533 2,814 3.292 4,067 4,404 4.217 4.645 5,038 5,429 5,878 Education 1,158 1.261 1,750 1.791 1,918 2.228 2.726 2.991 2.93S 3,183 3.473 3.743 health 361 387 532 563 607 698 8S5 916 836 931 1,097 1,098 Other 126 136 M8S 379 289 366 486 49 466 531 558 588 Economic services 358 446 492 618 606 765 1,307 1.960 1,518 1.730 1,799 1,975 1,930 Agriculture and rurd developoeat 332 171 180 259 205 148 523 763 720 771 1.013 852 Commrce and industry 28 35 48 55 145 196 348 609 261 357 307 600 Transport an4 comunicattons 218 240 264 304 256 287 346 517 454 490 457 594 Other - - - - - 134 90 71 83 112 22 96 General adminietration /f 479 553 763 631 752 1,167 1,452 2,126 1,748 1,637 2.063 2,465 2,144 Transfer payments / 485 989 1,199 1,433 2,762 4.671 3.960 2,382 4,332 4,038 2.850 1,564 1.639 Grants to statese7h 272 250 274 321 378 203 283 248 303 411 348 350 Other 213 739 925 1.112 2,584 4,468 3,677 2,134 4.029 3,627 2.285 1.259 Debt eeriicing /t 619 837 960 1.134 1,271 1,547 2.046 2,723 3.453 4,430 5,042 5,239 5.764 Development expenditure 2,351 2,378 3.217 3,782 4,273 7,463 11.358 11,485 9.670 8.407 7,342 7.559 6,692 Securtty 229 435 470 491 713 1.222 1,839 2,065 1.726 1.005 629 384 442 Defense 116 338 351 316 530 812 1,381 1.646 1,391 872 480 238 152 Internal security /e 113 97 119 37S 183 410 458 419 335 133 149 166 790 Social servicea 328 316 452 614 962 1,185 2,456 3,249 1,997 2.223 2,093 2.534 .5172 Education 212 227 274 252 339 558 791 1,082 988 1,009 872 1,064 1,064 Health 57 47 44 48 59 80 318 350 156 125 112 118 93 Housing 31 29 122 294 427 295 1,231 1,589 556 908 972 1,054 248 Other 28 13 12 20 137 252 316 428 297 381 137 298 167 Economic services 1,398 1,530 2.129 2,529 2.511 4.833 6,813 5.967 5,779 S,061 4,303 4.538 4,515 Agriculture and rural development 506 514 591 716 877 1,138 1,481 1,550 1.187 1,122 1,287 1.144 1,623 Publlc utilities li 38 133 250 339 395 665 748 865 1.027 13132 789 683 873 Comerce and industry 223 296 417 601 348 1,554 3,091 1,143 1.291 685 SS7 523 747 TranSport 486 561 652 637 675 1,031 1.272 1,970 1,652 1,193 1,052 1,408 1.246 comunications 65 46 219 236 216 428 202 420 610 916 601 767 2 Other - - - - - 17 19 19 12 13 17 13 24 General administration /f 196 77 166 148 87 223 250 204 168 118 317 103 163 1 Estimted actual. 7 Latest estimate. j Budget appropriations (for development, excluding tlS800 dllion Conttigencies Reerve). Including contributions to Stoktig Pund from 1975. 7 Including Police, State and border security. 7t Including Public Services Department, Statisties, Royal Customs and Excioe, Inland Revenue and linistry of Foreign Affaeis. N Including pension and gratuitues, contributtons to statutory funds an4 internettonal organitxaiona. /h Proa 1979, excludes road grants and asesgnment of a proportion of minerals export duties which have been clasaified under the econode sector. 71 Interest payments st4 contributions to the Stnking Fund. Z Mainly electricity and ,ter supply. Sources: Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1985186. and 1987/88 Table 4.4 (for 1975 and 3960-87); *nd Miaistry of Finance. leonomic Report 1981/82, Table 4.4 (for 1976-79). Table 3.3: FEDERAL GOVERNHMNT NET BORROWING (M$ million) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986/a 1987/b al borrowing 1,021 1,132 944 1,053 2,121 2,005 2,395 1,706 3,186 2,620 7,510 10,977 9,036 6,246 4,626 6,364 5,703 omestie borrowing /c 677 826 676 827 1,209 1,636 1,860 1,165 2,507 2,311 4,091 6,084 4,467 3,153 3,670 5,017 7,703 Treasury bills 158 49 -9 110 300 310 70 -270 -20 0 300 500 500 0 0 210 1,000 Investment ertifieates 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 t00 0 100 200 Government securities Gross issue 635 1,036 1,153 950 1,085 1,837 2,047 1,939 3,150 3,266 4,665 - 6,571_.4,182 3,830 4,780 5;322 7,382 Principal repayments /d 116 259 268 233 176 511 2i7 504 623 955 874 987 315 777 1,110 615 879 Net issue 519 777 885 717 .909 1,326 1,790 1,435 2,527 2,311 3,791 5,584 3,867 3,053 3,670 4,707 6,503 xternal borroving 344 306 68 226 912 369 535 541 679 309 3,419 4,893 4,569 3,093 956 1,347 -2,000 Project Receipts 119 176 127 237 322 299 458 469 378 493 494 612 715 1,048 750 551 581 Principal repayments 23 22 32 39 52 56 77 112 124 160 191 203 218 246 304 491 605 4 met 96 154 95 198 270 243 381 357 254 333 303 409 497 802 446 60 -24 w Narket Receipts 268 173 44 116 843 377 715 1,466 485 - 2,614 4,497 3,532 2,996 6.467 2,239 931 Principal repayments le 20 21 71 88 201 251 561 1,282 60 24 8 284 261 646 5,634 693 2,808 Net 248 152 -27 28 642 126 154 184 425 -24 2,606 4,213 3,271 2,350 833 1,546 (1,877) Suppliers Credit Receipts - - - - - - - - - - - 119 652 111 126 102 0 Prlncipal repayments - - - - - - - - - - - - 17 45 67 98 99 Net - - - - - - - - - - - 119 635 66 59 4 (99) IMP - - - - - - - - - - 510 152 166 -125 -382 -263 - nterest payments 303 352 406 356 647 807 949 1,039 1,185 1,444 2,033 2,653 3,478 4,421 5,034 5,210 5,697 Domestic 258 292 337 278 557 633 726 774 874 1,070 1,395 1,703 2,236 2,710 2,962 3,297 3,707 External 45 60 69 78 90 174 223 265 311 374 638 950 1,242 1,711 2,072 1,913 1,990 Estimated actual. Latest estimate. Treasury bills plus net issue of Government securities and investment certificates. Includes borrowing from Federal Government Funds, which decllned after 1971 when sinking fund contributions vere reduced, and comprises sinking fund contributions invested in Government securities. Changes in advance subscriptions are also netted out. Includes prepayments i 1977, 1978, 1984 and 1985. rce: Ministry of FinP-nce, Economic Report 1987/88, Table 4.7. Table 3.4: FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OUTSTANDING DEBT (M$ million) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986/a '17/b Domestic debt 8,755 10,416 12,303 13,468 15,975 18,286 22,846 28,710 73,953 37,075 40,891 45,864 54,017 Treasury bills 1,400 1,710 1,780 1,510 1,490 1,490 1,790 2,290 2,790 2,790 2,790 3,000 6,000 Commercial banks 853 1,253 1,432 1,257 1,228 1,202 1,402 1,931 2,252 2,395 2,192 2,385 2,756 Bank Negara 205 165 181 42 114 67 157 217 243 0 0 - 15 Discount houses /c 221 195 149 141 146 187 223 142 253 346 579 595 1,083 Other /d 121 97 18 70 2 34 8 - 42 49 19 20 146 Investment certificates - - - - - - - - 100 200 200 300 500 Government securities- 7,355 8,706 10,523 11,958 14,485 16,796 20,586 26;170 30,037 33,090 36,760 41,467 47,970 Federal government 440 440 443 443 443 443 426 431 462 459 459 458 463 Public authorities 276 212 310 257 282 274 125 5 - 2 70 215 299 Employees Provident Fund 3,926 4,588 5,427 6,369 7,450 8,582 10,315 12,469 14,416 17,189 20,585 23,988 28,054 National Savings Bank 579 645 754 808 839 924 857 880 927 920 921 908 1,032 Bank Negara 251 166 243 346 629 1,627 561 1,803 3,289 4,803 2,340 2,053 1,923 Comercial banks 1,132 1,533 1,889 1,807 2,297 2,446 3,818 3,943 4,079 4,606 4,249 4,094 5,968 Insurance companies 209 253 302 357 432 501 608 680 651 661 683 741 815 Other /e 542 869 1,155 1,571 2,113 1,999 3,874 5,959 .6,213 4,450 7,453 9,010 9,416 Suppliers credit - - - - - 470 250 1,026 995 1,141 1,097 1,547 External debt 2,425 2,856 3,349 3,859 4,538 4,862 8,278 13,158 17,728 20,848 23,070 28,310 26,310 External market loans 1,348 1,468 1,628 1,778 2,203 2,191 4,797 9,000 12,271 14,652 16,299 20,310 18,433 a Unlted States /f 982 1,205 1,281 1,225 1,409 1,409 4,023 8,126 10,332 12,008 11,234 12,729 10,510 United Kingdom a 250 155 109 109 109 109 109 177 177 177 447 447 - West Germany 70 62 159 150 141 131 123 115 201 200 1,376 1,875 2,082 Other /h 46 46 79 294 544 542 542 582 1,561 2,267 3,242 5,259 5,841 External project loans 1,077 1,388 1,721 2,081 2,335 2,671 2,971 3,377 3,875 4,673 5,683 6,988 6,964 United States 126 82 81 133 157 91 54 51 38 45 49 184 181 United Kingdom 105 123 103 144 137 173 172 165 165 163 123 114 154 Japan 341 428 492 571 703 845 953 1,044 1,237 1,738 2,448 3,318 3,346 World Bank 330 416 477 541 641 748 900 1,088 1,230 1,316 1,375 1,446 1,438 Asian Development Bank 91 116 383 427 477 545 620 741 855 925 982 1,103 1,183 West Germany 34 31 89 129 133 129 128 111 91 74 42 105 99 West Asia - 3 5 9 20 34 52 96 141 166 214 131 138 Other /h 50 189 91 127 67 106 92 81 118 246 450 587 425 Suppllers credit - - - - - - - 119 754 820 825 1,012 913 IFN - - - - - - 510 662 828 703 263 - - la Eatimated actual. 71 Latest estimate. R Includes Short Deposits (M) Berhad, Malaysia Discounts, KAF Discounts and Asiavest Discounts Berhad. Includes Public Authorities, Local and Port Authorities, insurance companies and State Governmnets. 7i Includes Teachers' Provident Fund, State Governments' borrowing companies, discount houses, nominee and trustee companies, cooperative societies and PETRONAS. /f Not necessarily loans obtained from the United States as market loans raised elsewhere way be denominated in US$. 7 A substantial portion of these loans are long-term, raised before 1961. __ Includes market loans from Netherlands (for 1976-79) and from Netherlands, Switzerland and Japan (since 1980), and project loans from Sweden, Canada, Australia, Denmark and France. Sources: Miniatry of Finance, Economic Report 1986/87 and 1985/86 (for 1975 and 1980-84), 1987/88 (for 1985-87) and Economic Report L981/82, Table 4,6 (for 1976-79). Table 3.5: FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OUTSTANDING LOANS /a (M$ million) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986/b 1987/c Total loans 4,184 5,074 6,349 7,394 8,922 11,132 13,760 17,919 21,842 25,996 36,297 40,651 41,078 Publie authorities Rad statutory bodies 2,147 2,624 3,116 3,666 4,310 6,301 7,002 8,768 10,802 13,177 15,087 16,685 17,611 Federal Lau. Development Authority 921 1,093 1,284 1,532 1,802 2,012 2,222 2,554 2,816 3,103 3,349 3,469 3,636 Telecommunications Department d - - - - 741 1,168 1,303 1,708 2,345 3,281 3,927 4,686 4,536 National Electricity Board 160 243 268 380 479 604 721 845 974 1,194 1,343 1,363 1,447 Malayan Railway 128 128 143 143 191 252 267 380 586 706 779 847 967 Port Kelang Authority 171 216 238 247 256 262 271 282 311 324 320 279 253 Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) 151 182 229 273 298 326 393 306 310 329 325 299 278 Urban Development Authority 159 204 286 351 408 504 590 799 1,026 1,105 1,123 1,210 1,153 National Padi and Rice Authority 113 60 135 66 68 68 68 68 68 68 153 143 132 Other /a 344 498 533 674 67 1,105 1,167 1,826 2,366 3,067 3,768 4,389 5,209 Companies 644 764 1,016 1,101 1,210. 1,394 1,537 1,887 2,641 2,957 3,033 2,980 2,958 Bumiputra Investment Trust Fund Bhd. - - - - - - - - 600 600 600 600 600 Pernas 73 141 265 274 287 374 441 563 585 589 592 593 583 Development Bank of Malaysia - - - - 57 98 202 307 325 342 372 397 402 Malaysia Industrial Development Finance Bhd. 135 136 129 120 110 100 78 65 51 36 24 22 29 Malaysian International Shipping Corporation 150 165 238 280 331 434 444 446 434 410 371 306 269 Malaysian Shipyard and Engineering Sdn. Bhd. 97 116 117 117 127 129 129 128 127 125 124 122 120 Food Industries of Malaysia 8bd. - - - - 25 28 13 119 126 134 165 108 112 Industrial Development Bank Malaysia Bhd. - - - - - 100 106 112 118 124 130 126 145 Other /f 189 206 267 310 273 131 124 147 275 597 655 706 698 State governments It 1,107 1,284 1,643 1,808 2,082 2,494 3,271 3,769 4,705 5,392 6,118 6,480 6,319 Rousing loans to government officers 176 214 282 205 513 643 1,393 2,853 2,953 3,705 4,473 5,373 4,873 Other /h 110 188 292 614 807 300 557 642 741 765 7,586 9,133 9,317 /a Includes loans due to the Federal Government from Public Authorities, State Governments and others. Excludes Federal Government investment in public enterprises which stood at M$2,495 mlllion at end-December 1985. /b Estimated actual. 7 Latest estimate. 7S Telecommunications Department included in "Other" category for 1975-78. 7% Major bodies under this item include Kuala Lumpur City Council, Penang Port Commission and the Telecommunications Department for 1975-78; and the Highway Authority of Malaysia, Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority, the Agricultural Bank of Malaysta, Penang Port Comission and Civil Aviation Department since 1979. /f Major companies include Malaysian Rubber Development Corporation, Syarikat Jenga Sdn. Bhd., and Bank Pertanian Malaysia for 1975-78; and Asean Bintulu Fertilizer Sdn. Bhd., Syarikat Malaysia Building Society Bhd., Syarikat Jengka Sdn. Bhd., Syarikat Malaysia Explosives Sdn. Bhd., Komplex Kevangan Malaysia Bhd., and and Government Officers Housing Development Company Sdn. Bhd., since 1979. / Includes coupensation to Selangor State Government for transfer of Federal Territory prior to 1979. nIncludes City Council of Penang, the Municipalities of Ipoh and Malacca, Petaling Jaya Town Council and all cooperatives societies for 1975-78, and all these plus Ruals Lumpur City Hall since 1979. Sources: Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1985/86, Table 4.7 (for 1979-84), 1987/88, Table 4.10 (for 1985-87); and Economic Report 1981/82, Table 4.7 (for 1975-78). Table 3.6: FEDERAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE (MS million) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987E 'otal revenue 2,400 2,418 2,920 3.402 4,788 5,117 6,157 7,760 8,841 10,505 13,926 15,806 16,690 18,608 20,805 21,114 19.518 17,832 Total tax revenue 1,934 2,081 2,394 3,045 4,311 4,576 5,491 7,070 8,007 9,508 12,795 13,419 13,475 16,299 17,648 L8,524 0 0 Direct taxes 701 713 801 990 1,384 2,021 2,167 2,946 3,323 3,888 5,664 6,328 6,582 7,865 8,655 9,538 8,956 6,529 Income tax 657 687 741 838 1,305 1,926 2,066 2,791 3,161 3,674 5,240 5,819 6,048 7,262 7,977 8,799 8,279 6,038 Companies 489 515 559 593 723 1,166 1,170 1,336 1,619 1,717 2,521 2,754 2,613 3,450 3,432 3,920 3,446 2,783 Individuals 168 168 182 218 355 438 574 679 771 1,128 983 1,087 1,360 1,814 1,975 1,749 1,761 1,722 Petroleum - 4 - 27 144 322 ,322 776 771 829 1,736 1,978 2,075 1,998 2,570 3,130 3,072 1,533 Petroleum royalties/- cash payments - - 23 25 46 78 84 111 116 160 345 417 425 491 581 619 549 410 Other 44 - - - - 17 17 44 46 54 79 92 109 112 97 120 128 81 Indirect taxes 1,233 1,368 1,593 2,156 2,927 2,555 3,324 4,124 4,684 5,620 7,131 7,091 6,893 8.434 8,993 8,395 6,889 6,896 Export duties 258 231 232 437 943 625 1,010 1,390 1,463 1,939 2,567 2,225 1,720 1,892 2,090 1,839 1,141 1,267 Rubber 80 50 49 233 383 121 519 557 716 1,118 1,098 514 110 273 161 3 1 26 Tin 130 127 127 130 271 195 291 441 500 545 575 298 159 56 35 38 - - Palm oil 18 28 32 50 228 282 166 346 207 236 166 148 75 49 193 93 18 19 X Petroleum - - - - - - - - - - 677 1,241 1,354 1,477 1,629 1,639 1,076 1,170 1 Other 30 26 24 24 61 27 34 46 40 40 51 24 22 37 72 66 46 52 Import duties S surtax 557 582 589 746 893 801 978 1,140 1,325 1,512 2,061 2,245 2.315 2,591 2,697 2,518 2,066 1,934 Excise 249 307 366 407 442 450 550 695 849 957 973 967 1,024 1,361 1,459 1,376 1,410 1,310 Sales tax - - 115 220 297 272 323 383 458 544 696 730 788 1,284 1,319 1,234 992 1,090 Road tax /a 169 176 194 224 257 241 262 298 325 346 390 408 460 545 593 614 614 641 Service tax - - - - - - - - 18 22 26 34 42 108 114 107 60 63 Gambling tax - 45 62 68 79 95 118 123 - - - - - - - - - - Other 66 - - - - - - - 246 300 418 482 544 653 721 707 606 591 Total nontax revenue /b 400 337 525 357 476 541 666 689 834 997 1,131 2,029 2,644 1,976 2,615 2,742 3,192 3,875 Petroleum dividend - - - - - - - - - - - 950 1,450 500 980 930 1,000 1,807 Other nontax revenue - - - - - - - - - - 1,131 1,079 1,194 1,476 1,635 1,812 2,192 2,068 Nonrevenue receipts - - - - - - - - - - - 358 571 333 542 439 481 532 a From 1975, excludes revenue from licenses on road tranaport, which has been transferred to the nontax revenue category based on the revenue classification. b Includes such items as government commercial undertakings, interest and returns on investment, licenses, services fees, fines and forfeitures, rentals, revenue from Federal territory (since 1974), and contributions from foreign governments and International agencies. Estimated actual. ources: Fifth Malaysia Plan, Table 7.5, (for 1980-84); Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1985/86, Table 4.3, (for 1970, 1978-79); and Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1981/82 (for 1975-77); Economic Report 1979(80, (for 1971-74); Economic Report 1987/88 and EPU (for 1985-87). Table 4.1. BUAJB Of PA1ENT8, CONSOLIDATED ACCOUNT (8S dlillon) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 19.' 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Trade balance 686 365 1,594 540 614 3,722 3.738 3,690 68908 5,238 (243) (1,750) 1,002 6.986 8,883 8.781 14,830 Exports (FOB) 4,884 4,736 7,263 10,022 9,057 13,330 14,854 16,932 24,060 28,013 26,900 27,946 31,762 38,452 37,576 35,373 44,612 Imorts (FOB) 4,198 4,371 5,669 9,482 8,443 9,608 11,116 13,242 17,152 22,775 27.143 29,704 30,760 31,466 28.693 26.592 29,782 Nonfactor services (515) (528) (538) (746) (995) (1,051) (1,310) (1,621) (2,867) (3,993) (3,476) (3,897) (4,890) (5,558) (4,957) (4,555) (3,939) Recelpts 324 347 475 982 1,093 1,144 1,362 1,625 1,913 2,676 3,253 3,930 4,578 4,906 5.095 5,395 6.155 Expenditures 839 875 1,013 1,728 2.088 2,195 2.672 3,246 4,780 6,669 6,729 7,827 9.468 10,267 10.052 9,950 10,094 Factor services (363) (378) (659) (997) (727) (1,097) (1,276) (1,716) (1,991) (1,820) (1.836) (2,679) (4,208) (5,255) (5.434) (4.601) (5,147) Receipts 265 208 256 389 364 434 622 865 1,204 1,608 1,825 1,517 1,305 1,486 1,467 1,415 1,801 Expenditures - 628- 586 915 1,386 1,091 1,531 1,898 2,581 3,195 3,428 3,661 4,196 5,513 6,691 6,901 6,016 6,948 Services balance (878) (906) (1,197) (1,743) (1,722) (2.148) (2,586) (3,337) (4.858) (5,813) (5 312) (6,576) (9.098) (10,813) (10.391) (9.156) (9,086) Trtafers (net) (137) (157) (151) (1047- (79) (100) (78) (104) (17) (45) (;R) (75) (21) (90) (14) (96) (361) Current account balance (329) (698) 246 (1,307) (1,187) 1,474 1,074 249 2,033 (620) (5,633) (8,409) (8,117) (3.917) (1.522) (207) (6.105) Long-term capital (net) 686 1,193 582 1,608 1,723 1,566 1,617 1.576 2,055 2.213 5.931 8,432 9,210 6.560 4,065 2,334 (3,380) Official Capitol 395 700 116 268 869 497 620 500 713 320 2,916 4,589 6.284 4.364 2,504 2.122 (2.510) Comercial loans (15) 173 46 (34) 15 100 (2) (82) 87 (140) 101 580 - - (164) (1,050) (2 320) Corporate Investment 306 320 420 1,374 839 969 999 1,158 1,255 2.033 2,914 3,263 2,926 2,138 1,725 1.262 1,450 Jhort-ters private capital 73 (6) 254 301 (50) (308) (1,179) (382) (595) (351) (546) 883 (263) (288) 1,034 1,003 (86) Errors and omissions /a (227) (100) (506) (150) (315) (678) (757) (818) (1,704) (240) (845) (1,520) (976) (2,159) (368) 1,215 254 Overall balance 203 389 576 452 171 2,054 755 625 1,789 1,002 (1,093) (614) (146) 196 3,209 4,345 2.893 Alocation of SDOB 61 60 - - - - - - 74 76 73 - - - - - Drwings on 18P - - - - - 265 (265) - - - S10 152 166 (125) (382) (263) - Offtcll reserve changes /b (264) (449) (576) (452) (171) (2,319) (490) (625) (1,863) (1,078) 510 462 (111) (187) (2,827) (4,082) (2,893) SA s (61) (60) 8 10 (11) (5) 116 (35) (140) (25) (52) 27 50 17 (44) (73) (55) IJW reserve position 35 - (22) 1 (21) 4 9 (5) (41) (135) 25 6 (92) 11 (43) (85) (33) Cold 6 foreign exchange (238) (389) (562) (463) (139) (2,318) (615) (585) (1,682) (918) 537 429 (69) (215) (2,740) (3,924) (2,805) Net official reserve position / 2,282 2,731 3,307 3,759 3,931 6,249 6,739 7,364 9,226 10,304 9,794 9,332 9,443 9,630 12,457 /a Errors and Oissimons and som unrecorded short-tera capital fleve. A negative sign represents an lncrease In reserves. M 8ay not agree with "official reserve changes" because of differences in valuation. Source: Fifth Nalaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 2.9, and Departmnt of Statistics for 1985; Department of Statistice, January 1986, for 1971-84. Table 4.2: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS - CURRENT ACCOUNT (KS million) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Trade balance 686 365 1594 540 614 3,722 3,738 3,690 6,908 5,238 -243 -1,758 1,093 6,913 8,883 8,781 14,830 Exports (FOB) 4.884 4,736 7,263 10,022 9,057 13,330 14,854 16,932 24,060 28,013 26,900 27,946 31,853 38,452 37,576 35.373 44,612 leporte (FOB) 4,198 4,371 5,669 9,482 8,443 9,608 11,116 13,242 17,152 22,775 27,143 29,704 30,760 31,539 28,693 26,592 29,782 lonfactor services balance -515 -528 -538 -746 -995 -1,051 -1,310 -1,621 -2,867 -3,993 -3,476 -3,897 -4,890 -5,361 -4,957 -4,555 -3,939 Receipts 324 347 475 982 1,093 1,144 1,362 1,625 1,913 2,676 3,253 3,930 4,578 4,906 5,095 5,395 6,155 Freight 6 Insurance 10 35 60 77 69 126 158 252 345 437 441 420 707 1,001 875 1,165 1,547 Other transportation 79 90 149 283 326 368 449 510 566 811 1,001 1,075 1,097 1,081 1,135 1,268 1,391 Travel 37 47 62 345 344 348 405 453 520 691 891 1,209 1,326 1,436 1,544 1,672 1,798 Government, WIE} 97 72 90 126 151 J55 165 175 184 193 210 236 250 253 248 216 256 Other services 101 103 114 151 203 147- -183 235 298 544 710 990 1,198 1,135 1,293 1,054 1,163 Payments 839 875 1,013 1,728 2,068 2,195 2,672 3,246 4,780 6,669 6,729 7,827 9,468 10,267 10,052 9,950 10,094 Freight b insurance 332 344 480 791 690 852 1,041 1,313 1,663 2,218 2,449 2,574 2,839 2,987 2,727 2,491 2,818 Other transportation 113 125 100 201 228 274 291 367 545 867 994 921 1,044 1,180 1,071 1,191 1,311 Travel 143 148 156 384 449 499 601 777 1,073 1,576 1,563 1,984 2,430 2,622 2,876 3,029 3,206 4 Govern_nt, NEI 45 47 61 83 104 119 143 170 197 200 203 207 235 230 279 406 468 ° Other services 206 211 216 269 617 451 596 619 1,302 1,808 1,520 2,141 2,940 3,248 3,099 2,833 2,291 actor service balance -363 -378 -659 -997 -727 -1,097 -1,276 -1,716 -1,991 -1,820 -1,836 -2,679 -4,208 -5,205 -5,434 -4,601 -5,147 Receipts 265 208 256 389 364 434 622 865 1,204 1,608 1,825 1,517 1,305 1,486 1,467 1,415 1,801 Paymente 628 586 915 1,386 1,091 1,531 1,898 2,581 3,195 3,428 3,661 4,196 5,513 6,691 6,901 6,016 6,948 ervicee balance -878 -906 -1,197 -1,743 -1,722 -2,148 -2,586 -3,337 -4,858 -5,813 -5,312 -6,576 -9,098 -10,566 -10,391 -8,787 -9,086 rawnfer balance -137 -157 -151 -104 -79 -100 -78 -104 -17 -45 -78 -75 -21 -90 -14 96 361 Receipts 107 75 93 113 141 147 173 176 165 160 171 184 179 165 231 385 679 Private 32 33 35 71 84 102 114 100 85 90 97 106 96 79 97 147 158 Government 75 42 58 42 57 45 59 76 80 70 74 78 83 86 135 238 521 Paymente 244 232 244 217 220 247 251 280 182 205 249 259 200 255 245 289 318 Private 220 209 220 196 199 223 227 257 164 184 223 230 177 226 210 196 217 Government 24 23 24 21 21 24 24 23 18 21 26 29 23 29 35 93 101 Balance on Current Account -329 -698 246 -1,307 -1,187 1,474 1,074 249 2,033 -620 -5,633 -8,409 -8,026 -3,743 -1,522 -207 6,105 ources: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 2.9, and Department of Statistlec for 1985; Department of Statistice, January 1986, for 1971-84 end Bank NIgara, Annual Report (for 1985-87). Table 4.31 NAJOS 1IMITS 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1916 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 ber -olu.me t000 tons) 1,464.4 1,365.9 1,392.2 1,638.7 1,570.2 1,436.6 1,620.0 1,634.1 1,614.2 1,648.7 1.525.7 1,483.0 1,378.1 1,563.0 1,590.6 1,497.0 1,516.0 1.620.0 Ilue (1$ million) 1,723.7 1,460.3 1,298.2 2,507.2 2,886.7 2,025.6 3,116.7 3,380.3 3,601.5 4,482.0 4,618.0 3,712.0 2,655.1 3,663.6 ),671,5 2,872.0 3,183.0 3,915.0 htt value (sen/kg) 117.7 106.9 93.2 153.0 183.8 141.0 192.4 206.9 223.1 271.9 302.7 250.3 192.7 234.4 230.8 191.9 210.0 242.0 -olune (at) /a 91,933.0 86,640.0 89,603.0 61,537.0 85,711.0 77,946.0 61,527.0 66,517.0 70,189.0 72,113.0 69,498.0 66,437.0 48,584.0 57,140.0 39,600.0 57,400.0 40,400.0 49,600.0 talue (4$ milifon) 1,005.6 900.6 924.0 897.0 1,514.6 1,206.1 1,526.5 1,703.5 2,021.5 2.315.6 2,505.3 2.138.1 1,483.9 1,718.2 1.162.3 1,648.0 650.0 839.0 Suit value (N$/ut) 10,938.4 10,394.7 10,312.2 11,001.1 17,671.0 15,473.5 18,723.9 25.610.0 28,800.8 32,110.7 36,048.5 32,182.4 30,543.0 30,070.0 29,351.0 28,710.8 16,089.1 16,900.0 Wn logs tolume ('000 *3) 8.906.5 8.773.2 9,138.1 10,122.7 9,576.2 8,477.0 12,173.6 13,395.2 16,736.0 15,965.8 15,117.0 15,816.0 19,270.0 18,726.0 16,939.4 19,630.5 19,055.0 23.001.0 falue (4$ el1tion) 643.6 642.0 593.2 987.4 1,032.8 670.4 1.471.4 1,519.4 1,667.3 2,876.8 2,616.2 2,472.8 3,378.2 2,806.9 2,806.1 2,771.2 2,873.0 4,286.0 Juit value (M4$/u) 72.3 73.2 64.9 97.5 107.9 79.1 120.9 113.4 99.6 180.2 173.1 156.3 175.3 149.9 165.7 141.2 151.0 186.0 en timber /glun ('OCO i3 1,392.9 1,318.6 1,764.2 2.236.3 2,000.9 1,883.5 3,047.3 2,981.3 2,898.8 3,314.2 2,999.9 2,691.3 2,942.1 3,288.8 2,700.4 2,780.0 2.99J.0 3.922.0 slue (14$ mlito3) 205.8 195.1 284.7 576.9 509.0 440.6 890.9 848.0 860.9 1,334.3 1,178.3 970.4 1,034.9 1,220.7 "3.9 1,137.0 1,305.0 1,770.0 1 Suit value (14$/a) 147.7 148.0 161.4 258.0 254.4 233.9 292.4 284.4 297.0 402.6 392.8 360.6 351.8 371.2 368.1 409.0 435.0 451.0 * m otl /b. lolum (000 tons) 401.9 573.4 697.0 797.8 901.6 1,160.6 1,263.2 1,299.3 1,514.5 1,899.9 2,136.2 2,350.0 2,700.0 2,912.9 2,957.0 3,215.0 4,305.0 4,044.0 lalue (4$ miliLon) 264.3 380.4 362.7 466.5 1,085.6 1,319.5 1,155.3 1,679.5 1,870.8 2,470.6 2,515.3 2,710.0 2,656.1 2.976.9 4,528.0 3,951.0 3,010.0 3,250.0 Jnit value (14$/ton) 657.6 663.4 520.4 584.7 1.204.1 1,136.9 914.6 1,292.6 1,235.3 1,300.4 1,177.5 1,153.2 983.7 1,022.0 1,531.3 1,228.9 699.2 750.1 troleum c Volume ('000 tons) 4,696.2 7,926.7 4,255.3 3,826.9 3,166.0 3,794.5 7,217.6 7,722.7 9,152.9 12,034.5 11,226.9 10,143.2 11,973.9 14,224.0 16,497.4 16.701.0 18,792.0 18,039.0 Value (4$ million) 202.6 389.9 223.0 269.2 677.8 861.0 1,765.1 1,998.6 2,247.0 4,231.5 6,709.1 6,918.0 7,694.2 7,871.0 8,737.4 8,697.0 5,408.0 6,290.0 'nit value (MS/ton) 43.1 49.2 52.4 70.3 214.0 226.9 244.6 258.8 245.5 351.6 597.6 682.0 642.6 553.4 529.6 520.7 287.8 349.0 1985 volume in '000 at. Includes processed palm oil. Includes crude and partly refined petroleum. Pros July 1, 1977, imports of crude and partly refined petroleum from Brunei tor reexport have been torminated. From January 1973 to June 1977, total exports of crude sad partly refined petroleum included reexport of crude and partly refined petroleum itported from Brunei. Prior to January 1973, only crude petroleum u,s imported from Bruni for reexport. The reexport of crude petroleum from Brunei accounted for the-entira exports of crude petroleum prior to July 1971. irce: Bank Negara Malaysia, quarterly Economic Bulletin, Harcb/.June 1985, Table VII.3, (for 1970-79); Fffth Malaysia Plan 19890, Table 2.3, for 1980-85. (Tbeir source wa Departint of S.atistice, Malaysias Preliminary 7Fgures of External Trade, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, aod 1984.) Economic Veport 1986/87 sod 1987/88 MLnistry of Pineace. Table *.4 MtINOR EOotM 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Coconut oil Volum ('000 Ut) 46.6 43.2 28.0 30.7 46.4 38.4 34.5 23.6 21.4 65.6 62.5 63.9 59.0 67.3 67.7 60.0 49.0 Value (Ks million) 42.7 37.1 16.9 31.8 106.3 41.7 35.4 37.5 33.8 11S.6 100.1 84.5 67.2 111.5 182.0 91.1 39.9 Unit value (1$/ut) 916.3 858.8 603.4 1,035.1 2,291.4 1,088.2 1,026.9 1,591.3 1,577.6 2,111.5 1,601.6 1,322.8 1,139.6 1,656.5 2,688.0 1,516.1 812.9 CoprT Volume ('000 Mt) 15.5 31.7 32.7 12.3 10.6 27.2 ' 31.7 33.2 36.1 29.3 44.3 31.0 27.7 20.6 45.2 74.3 41.2 Value (19 million) 7.0 13.4 10.4 6.8 11.4 13.2 16.7 28.2 43.7 33.3 34.7 20.9 15.2 18.9 44.4 44.0 17.4 Unit value (14$/ut) 452.7 423.2 317.7 554.6 1,069.4 485.0 527.6 847.5 1,207.8 1,134.8 784.7 673.8 547.3 917.2 982.9 592.0 422.4 Pal, kernel oil /a Volume ('000 uT 27.3 23.4 49.0 66.5 92.3 109.2 123.6 105.0 132.1 203.9 218.9 242.3 334.2 371.2 390.0 429.8 529.8 Value (Ms million) 10.8 8.2 30.2 55.9 164.8 108.6 121.3 137.0 188.7 387.1 303.2 298.0 334.5 491.4 822.7 537.4 325.5 Unit value (4S/at) 395.8 349.7 616.0 840.7 1,784.7 994.7 981.3 1,304.5 1,428.7 1,898.6 1,384.9 1,229.8 1,001.0 1,323.7 2,109.6 1.250.5 615.1 bauxite Volume ('000 at) 1.083.2 983.7 987.4 1,019.0 815.0 649.4 523.8 663.8 506.3 470.2 718.3 642.5 418.1 489.9 399. 1 264.5 415.6 Value (Ks adllion) 18.1 17.1 16.9 15.7 13.2 10.4 10.2 13.6 11.1 13.4 20.8 21.7 15.1 17.5 19.3 13.3 13.0 Unit value (1s/nt) 16.7 17.4 17.1 15.4 16.2 16.1 19.6 20.5 21.9 28.5 28.9 33.8 36.0 35.8 48.4 50.3 31.0 Pepper Volue ('000 tone) 26.3 28.8 27.8 24.2 30.2 32.3 39.7 29.3 36.6 40.3 31.7 28.9 25.2 23.5 16.6 18.9 15.2 Value (tS mdllion) 59.1 66.1 61.1 69.1 106.1 106.1 136.7 143.3 154.5 150.9 107.7 81.9 66.3 78.3 79.4 140.2 163.2 Unit value (Ms/at) 2,203*q 2,298.2 2,197.0 2,858.0 3,50S.7 3,284.8 3,441.8 4,882.1 4,217.3 3,743.6 3,394.5 2,839.7 2,628.8 3.331.5 4,7B3.2 7,422.9 10.733.8 Canned pineapple and juice Volume ('000 tone) 63.2 58.7 58.9 53.8 54.3 44.5 52.2 51.2 50.2 37.7 40.2 40.2 43.2 38.0 36.1 34.9 45.9 Value (HS million) 43.4 40.6 41.2 38.5 50.6 51.3 62.2 65.0 63.5 49.6 50.5 50.1 54.5 53.7 55.7 55.1 56.4 unit value (Y4$/ut) 686.6 691.7 700.3 716.0 931.8 1.153.0 1,193.1 1.271.2 1,266.3 1,312.8 1,255.6 1,246.2 1,262.1 1,407.4 1,541.6 1,578.8 1,228.8 Cocoa Volume ('000 kg) n.e. n.e. n.e. o.e. n.e. n.a. n.e. n.e. n. n.e. 30,640.4 42,237.0 57,614.4 57,268.5 66,133.0 81,500.0 106.200.0 Value (Ms million) n.a. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.&. n.a. n.&. n.e. n.a. 161.9 171.5 198.1 128.6 338.1 409.5 496.1 Unit value (19/kg) n.e. n.e. n.e. n.a n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.a. 5.3 4.1 3.4 4.0 5.1 S.0 4.7 Fisb /b Value (1$ million) 100.2 123.7 149.2 185.6 166.0 178.4 267.4 247.8 210.9 326.0 171.2 145.4 153.1 193.6 139.2 134.6 154.7 /a WE Includes flab and other *eafoods (not canned). Sourcee9 flnk Negars Malayaia, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, March/June 1985, Table V11.4 (for 1974-83); Bank Negara Malayia, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, December 1985, Table V11.4 (for 1984); and September 1987, Table VIt.4 (for 1985/86). Table 4.5, GROSS SXPOlt8 ST COHIT0 D SECSION (M$ million) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 197S 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Food & live animals 284.0 315.9 360.8 440.9 513.7 593.1 799.1 826.9 872.3 !,061.9 1,013.2 1,134.5 1,152.5 1,272.9 1,479.8 1,662.1 1,964.5 Beverages 6 tobacco 21.7 23.4 27.7 21.3 24.4 27.7 27.9 21.4 15.7 20.9 29.1 29.8 22.1 28.2 28.2 25.5 37.4 Crude meterials, inedible 2,777.5 2,392.2 2,249.1 4,156.7 4,515.8 3,231.4 5,668.3 5,975.7 6,360.1 9,024.9 9,105.3 7,710.0 7,563.2 6,261.7 8,121.2 7,248.0 7,867.6 Mineral fuels 365.6 502.5 319.5 371.5 832.9 967.1 1,905.4 2,101.1 2,342.7 4,345.8 6,898.4 7,146.6 7,980.9 9,300.5 11,435.4 12,051.1 B.006.3 Animllvegetable oils & fats 309.8 422.8 411.5 559.6 1,370.0 1,508.5 1,378.2 1,979.4 2,105.7 3.016.4 3,131.3 3,375.7 3,255.8 3,829.2 5,868.2 4,845.3 3,609.6 Chmicals 36.4 38.7 46.4 66.7 79.8 79.4 82.0 86.8 102.3 131.0 171.5 191.9 235.8 293.9 426.7 427.6 604.5 MlAnufactured goods 1,182.8 1,111.8 1,217.5 1,311.6 1,966.2 1,624.3 2,132.7 2,324.3 2,825.4 3,314.5 3,690.7 3,281.3 2,625.9 3,035.1 2,554.7 3,095.0 2,586.5 Tin etal 1,013.3 905.8 924.0 897.0 1,514.6 1,206.1 1,526.5 1,703.5 2,021.5 2,315.8 2,506.2 2,138.1 1.483.9 1,718.2 1,162.3 1,648.0 69.6 Other 169.5 206.0 293.5 420.6 451.6 418.2 606.2 620.8 803.9 998.7 1,184.5 1,143.2 1,142.0 1.316.9 1392.4 1,447.0 1,936.9 9 Machinery 6 transport equipment 84.1 83.6 90.9 142.0 399.4 573.0 739.6 1,001.2 1,816.1 2,535.4 3,238.4 3,325.1 4,335.0 5,652.5 7,322.9 7,059.2 9,009.7 miscellaneous manufactures 43.4 48.5 72.3 225.7 395.9 529.3 608.5 545.4 495.5 603.8 737.7 699.8 753.8 902.3 1.196.1 1,391.4 1,791.2 Other exports 57.8 77.4 58.3 70.1 96.6 97.1 100.3 95.0 138.1 147.4 156.0 214.5 163.2 194.9 213.7 211.6 243.6 Total 5.163.1 5.016.8 4.854.0 7,372.1 10.194.7 9.230.9 13.442.0 14.959.2 17.073.9 24.222.0 28,171.6 27.109.4 28.108.2 32.771.2 38.646.9 38,016.7 35.720.9 Source, Bonk Negara, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, March/June 1986. Table.VII.6. (Dank Negara's source was Departmaent of Statistics). Bonk Negara. Quarterly Economic Bulletin, September 1987, Table V11.7 (for 1985-86). Table 4.6 amS Nm ST I u0XTT a_ MGm la (V$ sulleon) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1961 1982 1983 14 195 1986 Food 4 live &nIMIs 786.7 735.6 6086. 1,078.2 1,565.0 1,401.5 1,40.6 1,643.7 1.978.7 2,051.5 2,444.3 2,941.5 2,999.4 2,964.5 3,227.11 5,064.0 2,914.2 beveraso & tobacco 92.9 108.8 81.7 97.7 114.9 119.4 116.7 143.4 184.6 185.2 221.3 255.1 247.6 250.2 212.8 228.7 209.6 Crude mtertalo, Inedible 322.1 267.1 310.3 372.5 543.1 354.9 537.5 637.6 725.8 850.3 1,052.8 1,190.6 1,132.3 1,186.6 1,137.6 1,035.6 1,016.7 libneral fuels 517.5 576.3 36S.3 392.9 1,003.5 1,021.1 1,309.8 1,421.7 1,470.3 2,076.7 3,554.4 4,578.9 4,369.6 4,241.6 3,332.3 3,722.0 2,387.6 Aaiil/segotable oals 6 fats 23.8 22.8 22.3 27.2 44.1 26.0 21.1 26.0 25.7 30.2 29.7 35.2 36.5 56.3 119.9 60.6 68.5 Choicals 312.5 341.5 377.2 525.9 879.0 711.8 919.3 1,079.0 1,217.7 1,747.4 2,022.4 2,095.9 2,145.0 2,424.9 2,635.6 2,659.6 2,686.5 Nahufactured goods 770.2 780.6 847.7 1,250.6 1,864.6 1,369.4 1,620.0 1,786.2 2,236.5 2.919.8 3,849.2 4,277.0 4,915.5 4,681.6 5.086.0 4,419.0 4,057.5 Machinery 6 transport equipmsnt 1,197.3 1,332.6 1,470.8 1,786.6 3,207.0 2,774.1 3,179.9 3,761.0 4,949.7 6,373.6 9,105.3 9,664.2 11,548.4 13,171.2 15.128.8 13,262.1 12,579.1 Miscellansous mafecturas 199.9 194.7 1".9 333.0 559.7 465.3 491.9 531.1 722.0 791.0 975.0 1,077.0 1,354.0 1,395,9 1,715.6 1,673.8 1.700.6 Bworts, IE 65 5 56.2 56.2 69.3 90.3 66.9 76.5 60.8 134.9 135.4 196.6 268.4 254.7 202.3 310.0 311.8 320.8 Total 4,288.4 4,416.2 4.543.2 5.933.9 9.891.2 8.530.4 9.713.3 111647 13645.9 17.161.1 23.451.0 26.603.8 29.023.0 30.795.1 32.925.9 30.437.8 27.921.3 /a Inorer classified by SITC. have been adjusted to *xcld tatraragtonel trade. Maclale. l itary Imorts pad iporte for offsbore Installation ot petrolum Industry. Sourcet lBank Pers, Quarterly Sconomic Bulletin, fI6ch/June 1986, Table VI1.7. leek Wagorns source ma the Departinnt of statistics. antk Kspra. QuOrterly Econcaie Stuletin, Septoeutr 1987, Table 911.6 (for 1985-66). Table 4.7, G088 D 8S BY eCONOMIC iUNcrxoN (1$ millon) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1962 1983 1984 1983 1986 Consumption goods 1,222.1 1,176.8 1.213.1 1.566.6 2,232.1 1,889.8 2,048.8 2.400.7 3,035.6 3,427.5 4,325.4 5,327.2 5,593.9 S,837.3 6,496.0 6,553.7 6,420.1 Food 495.7 436.4 444.6 631.3 901.6 704.7 699.0 839.4 1,091.9 1,070.0 1,177.0 1,600.3 1,738.6 1,730.1 1,893.2 1,633.6 1,663.6 Consitar durableo :33.8 125.8 137.3 175.4 296.3 265.2 293.2 397.5 596.3 749.8 992.3 1,079.3 1,107.1 1,218.6 1,601.0 1,468.1 1,472.8 Other 592.6 614.6 631.2 759.9 1,034.2 919.9 1,056.6 1,163.8 1,347.4 1,607.7 2,156.1 2,647.6 2,748.2 2,888.4 3,001.8 3,251.8 3,263.7 Investment goods 1,079.2 1,203.1 1,383.9 1,795.8 3,300.9 2,705.7 3,061.3 3,450.1 4,042.6 5,129.4 7,030.3 7,512.7 9,038.0 9,810.2 10,804.7 9,481.0 8,006.8 Machinery 451.4 524.2 533.5 690.9 1,274.4 964.8 965.6 1,125.5 1,374.4 1,781.0 2,577.9 2,873.0 3,157.0 3,288.9 3,624.6 3,291.3 2,364.5 Transport equtpent 140.1 98.8 239.0 137.7 243.9 163.1 282.3 245.7 353.8 639.9 919.4 954.6 1,596.5 1,665.2 1,339.8 1,313.5 1,428.5 metal products 251.7 254.1 272.4 466.8 794.0 485.1 597.2 694.4 947.8 1,330.7 1,767.1 1,730.4 2,067.9 2,063.3 2,099.1 1,721.1 1,435.6 Other 236.0 326.0 339.0 500.4 998.6 1,092.7 1,216.2 1,364.5 1,366.8 1,377.8 1,765.9 1,954.7 2,216.6 2,772.8 3,741.2 3,155.2 2,778.2 lIteroedlate goods 1,515.1 1,596,7 1,726.5 2,333.6 3,920.8 3,527.0 4,235.6 5.013.1 6,253.8 8,223.1 11,689.3 13,389.3 13,966.5 14,672.5 15,249.4 14,142.4 13,251.8 MAnufacturing 950.3 1,007.4 1,085.4 1,558.7 2,340.8 1,920.6 2,346.9 2,798.4 3,781.0 4,859.3 6,670.3 7,296.4 7,796.2 8,734.5 9,899.6 8,955.6 9,686.4 Construction 87.9 79.3 120.8 146.5 242.7 262.4 220.9 218.2 288.4 391.8 560.4 938.2 1,270.4 1,204.7 1,209.6 90S. 628.1 Agriculture 157.7 150.9 164.2 205.3 36S.7 327.0 381.6 454.3 517.3 705.2 892.9 755.2 626.3 596.7 768.8 772.5 660.7 Crud. petroles 103.6 106.2 110.4 119.1 421.0 538.8 696.5 858.9 928.6 1,273.8 1,890.3 2,058.9 1,462.6 1,634.4 1,234.2 1,125.8 557.2 Other 215.6 250.9 245.7 304.0 550,6 478.2 539.7 683.3 738.5 993.0 1,655.4 2,340.6 2,811.0 2,502.2 2,137.0 2,382.7 1,719.4 staind iMports 3,816.4 3,976.6 4,323.5 5,696.0 9,453.8 8,122.5 9,345.7 10,863.9 13,332.2 16,780.0 23,045.0 26,229.2 28,598.4 30,320.0 32,550.1 30,177.2 27,678.7 Imports for reexport 472.0 439.5 219.7 237.9 437.4 407.9 367.6 300.8 313.7 381.1 406.0 374.6 424.6 475.1 375.8 260.6 242.6 Total 4,288.4 4,416.1 4,543.2 5,933.9 9,891,2 8,530.4 9.713.3 11.164.7 13,645.9 17,161.1 23,451.0 26.603.8 29,023.0 30.795.1 32.925.9 30.437.8 27,921.3 Sourcess Bank Itegrs. Quarterly Sconouac Bulletin, Nareb/Jun 1985, Table VII.8 (for 1970-83); Balk egra, Quarterly Ecotec nl*ttn, September 197, Table VII.9 (for 1984)-86). Table 4.8. DIRiCTION OP emXtAL TRADE /a Eport Imports Trade balance 1981 1982 1983 194 1985 1986 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 16 SUE countrie 7.192.9 8,445.4 9,230.2 10,323.0 9,889.4 7,898.8 4,775.5 5.750.1 5,781.6 6,414.6 6.842.0 6,009.1 2,417.4 2,695.3 3.448.6 3,90S.4 2,982.5 1,889.7 Singapore 6,177.5 7,021.1 7,369.2 7,913.5 7,427.6 6,107.2 j,486.2 4,164.7 4,270.2 4,312.5 4,840.2 4,201.6 2,691.3 2,856.4 3,099.0 3,603.0 2,529.0 1,905.6 Thailond 452.3 1.032.6 1,342.7 1,089.8 1,307.6 927.9 908.4 1,059.8 916.5 1,127.4 1.082.8 1,109.4 (456.1) (27.2) 426.2 (37.6) 220.1 (181.5) endonasia 135.3 89.9 138.8 236.0 164.4 139.0 159.6 161.8 225.8 403.9 345.2 372.4 (24.5) (71.9) (87.0) (167.9) (181.3) (233.4) Philippines 427.8 301.8 379.5 852.2 913.5 633.1 221.3 363.8 369.1 567.8 571.1 322.2 206.5 (62.0) 10.4 284.4 340.9 310.9 Brunei /b - - - 231.5 76.3 91.6 - - - 3.0 2.7 3.5 - - - 228.5 73.8 B8.1 &pen 5,727.6 5,726.3 6,429,2 8,629.5 9,385.8 8,116.7 6,516.0 7,253.1 7,'68.7 8,64.0 7,038.0 5,736.2 (788.4) (1,526.8) (1.339.5) (16.5) 2,266.0 2,380.5 .,Ia 203.8 258.2 364,4 386.6 398.7 422.1 631.6 648.5 625.8 669.6 622.4 727.7 (427.8) (390.3) (261.4) (283.0) (222.9) (305.6) og Ko 546.1 536.8 568.4 550.6 513.9 805.7 339.2 383.6 452.7 651.6 518.3 580.3 206.9 153.2 115.7 (101.0) 10.8 225.4 udia 693.5 519,6 789.0 13396.7 1,076.3 917.7 198.1 183.4 219.6 251.5 244.7 220.0 495.4 336.2 569.4 1,145.2 827.6 697.t'-7- ther far Best countrie /c 2,744.0 3,043,9 3,795.3 4,343.1 4,319.9 4,038.5 3,358.6 3,019.3 3,311.5 2,965.9 2,868.5 2,328.7 (614.6) 24.6 483.8 1,377.2 1,439.1 1,709.8 uetralta 469.6 523.0 462.1 599.8 655.6 735.7 1,474.0 1,370.7 1,304.7 1,524.8 1,239.0 1,185.1 (1,004.4) (847.7) (842.6) (725.0) (583.7) (449.4) eaload 80.5 8S 5 50.2 64.8 57.6 34.8 244.1 240.3 240.3 24S.1 228.1 219.0 (163.6) (151.6) (190.1) (180.3) (169.0) (164.2) lted States 3,539.1 3,224,0 4,334.7 5,233.2 4,971.4 5,934.7 3,875.1 5,078.8 4,989.4 5,401.6 4,676.4 5,264.8 (336.0) (1,854.8) (654.7) (168.4) 263.7 669.9 nadu 162.3 147.6 246.2 307.9 260.0 287.0 316.1 344.4 267.6 306.9 353.1 326.3 (153.8) (096.8) (41.4) 1.0 (91.2) (39.2) aropean Econaoc Comunity 4,129.4 4,216.6 4,75.3 4,876.6 5,369.0 5,231.9 3,701.7 3,533.5 4,298.3 4,442.4 4.333.1 4,098.3 427.7 6B3.1 487.0 434.2 1,036.6 1,133.6 Onited Kinsdm 804.2 772.3 895.3 988.2 985.8 1,242.8 1,214.1 2,185.0 1,067.8 1,187.3 1,206.0 1,272.4 0409.9) (412.7) (192.5) (1"9.1) (223.2) (29.5) Carlmy 793,6 824.6 1,055.5 1,180.9 13005.4 1,294.5 1,203,2 1,224.8 1,569.9 1,387.1 1,563.4 1,256.2 (409.6) (400.2) (514.4) (206.2) (357.1) 38.3 Netherlands 1,607.7 1,690.6 1,790.9 1,573.8 2,229.8 1,219.1 221.3 206,1 262.8 336.4 341.8 241.9 1,386.4 1,484.5 1.528.1 1,237.4 1,87.8 977.2 France 382.0 324.1 344.0 345.2 402.4 495.9 490.0 379.6 784.3 799.3 704.4 595.6 (108.0) (55.5) (440.3) (454.1) (302.2) (M.7) Italy 286.7 265.4 307.3 356.3 312.7 325.2 277.2 290.4 294.6 381.2 361.1 355.5 9.5 (25.0) 12.7 (24.9) (46.8) (30.3) BelgIluxsmborg 170.6 192.4 287.8 310.3 325.0 574.7 133.2 136.2 21t.2 230.0 220.9 198.6 37.4 56.2 7C.6 80.3 105.7 176.1 Denark 53.4 116.2 64.6 78.4 68.7 61.9 135.5 76.7 54.5 89.5 112.2 94.2 (82.1) 39.5 10.1 (11.1) (45.3) (32.3) Bire/Cre ee 31.2 31.0 39.9 43.5 41.2 53.0 27.2 34.7 27.2 31.6 29.3 26.3 4.0 (3.7) 12.7 11.9 17.7 24.7 bhr 11atern European countries / 342.6 320.9 399.2 464.0 412.7 35S.0 588.5 571.9 726.9 816.9 950.6 708.4 (245.9) (251.0) (327.7) (352.9) (528.8) (350.4) SR 596.1 558.4 700.6 496.0 458.4 336.1 56.6 64.1 38.5 42.9 47.9 29.4 539.5 494.3 682.1 453.1 414.0 306.7 ber teran countrios /a 293.0 154.9 178.1 255.2 207.7 194.8 90.1 101.0 125.4 173.2 100.1 61.3 202.9 53.9 52.7 82.0 107.7 133.5 at of wrld 388,9 344,1 438.3 719.9 350.9 M8.4 438.6 480.3 624.2 572.9 495.4 426.7 (49.7) (136.2) (185.9) 147.0 (173.5) (38.3) Total 27.109.4 28.108.2 32.771.2 38.646.9 3B.327.3 35.720.9 26,603.8 29.023.0 30,795.2 32,923.9 30,557.6 27.921.3 505.6 (914.8) 1,976.0 5,721.0 7,578.9 7.7SS.6 Exports valued on POS bale and Imports oan CIF basis. Dats have been adjusted to exclude lntraregional trade. Military iports and imports for offshore Installation of petrole.. Industry are excluded. Iruni became a member of ASIA on January 1, 1984. Prior to Jsausry 1984, includes Erunsi eoine, Sri Lanka, Talwan, lKore, Pakistan and Vtet was. Includec Austria, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland. Includes Bulgarit, Caechoalovvkla, Poland and Sugoalavia. urce, lank Neaa Malaysia, quarterly Econoie Sulletin, December 39S5 and September 1987, table V11.2. Table 4.9: EXCHAUNO RATES AND EXTERNAL RESERVES 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Exchange Rates Nominal rate (M$ per US$) /a 2.4016 2.5416 2.4613 2.3160 2.1884 2.1769 2.3041 2.3304 2.3213 2.3436 2.4830 2.5814 2.5196 Nominal rate index (1975-100) 100.0 105.8 102.5 96.4 91.1 90.6 95.9 97.0 96.7 97.6 103.4 107.5 104.9 External Reserves (in US$ million) Official reserves (minus gold) 1,456 2,404 2,784 3,243 3,915 4,387 4,098 3,768 3,784 3,723 4,912 6,027 7,435 Gold (market valuation) 267 207 257 365 653 1,410 926 1,065 889 718 765 915 1,065 Commercial banks' foreign assets (net) -186 -99 -182 -296 -52 -439 -713 -449 -656 -1,450 -1,386 -897 -47 Total reserves 1,537 2,512 2,859 3,312 4,516 5,358 4,311 4,384 4,017 ,2991 4,291 6,045 8,453 Months of import coverage /b 4.9 6.0 5.7 5.2 4.8 4.6 3.7 342 2.9 2.6 3.7 5.1 5.5 /a Period average. /b (Official reserves + gold at market valuation)/total imports of goods and services. Source: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics. Table 4.10: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: TERMS OF TRADE (1970 - 100) Weights 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987/a -ort Price Indices Food 5.8 206.5 236.9 246.0 246.5 253.8 265.9 258.8 253.7 Beverages & tobacco 1.2 185.4 202.1 201.0 211.4 212.7 219.8 221.8 248.6 Crude materials, inedible 50*0 235.7 203.4 162.9 189.4 184.6 160.6 171.8 185.9 Minerals, fuels, etc. /b 1.3 470.8 720.5 750.2 686.2 620.0 608.2 439.2 416.4 Animal & vegetable oils 6.9 180.3 172.2 148.0 156.7 244.3 187.8 105.9 121.5 Chemicals 1.4 143.6 181.0 192.8 203.7 202.2 203.8 203.6 204.3 Manufactured goods 28.5 317.9 291.9 279.1 274.4 270.2 262.6 159.5 167.4 Machinery & transport 2.3 177.0 187.5 194.6 202.8 205.0 211.3 213.2 215.1 Miscellaneous manufactures 1.6 231.2 263.2 272.4 271.9 272.2 274.6 275.7 277.6 Total 100.0 254.3 238.1 213.0 225.6 228.2 211.0 178.3 188.3 nport Price Indices Food 19.4 212.3 252.2 240.0 226.5 217.8 204.9 204.9 215.7 Beverages & tobacco 2.0 203.6 232.5 253.2 253.8 258.9 262.8 258.8 259.6 Crude materials, inedible 9.2 227.7 212.0 205.3 215.8 210.4 200.0 147.5 148.4 Minerals, fuels, etc. /b 6.6 1,086.0 1,368.6 1,366.0 1,221.8 1*126.4 1,130.2 701.3 715.8 Animal & vegetable oils 0.6 185.9 194.8 202.4 201.8 197.4 198.7 198.6 195.2 Chemicals 8.4 239.0 273.7 263.7 254.7 256.9 255.1 250.1 249.8 Manufactured goods 20.2 214.2 237.9 236.8 233.4 233.6 236.0 236.7 236.6 Machinery & transport 28.6 197.9 212.2 215.6 213.0 212.0 211.3 211.3 211.4 Miscellaneous manufactures 5.0 173.6 208.0 234.0 239.0 237.9 238.5 238.7 238.5 Total 100.0 267.6 306.3 304.9 291.9 283.3 280.4 247.1 250.1 rms of Trade Index 95.0 77.7 69.9 77.3 80.6 75.2 72.2 75.3 inual change in TOT (%) - - -18.2 -10.1 10.6 4.2 -6.6 -4.1 4.3 January - May. Includes coke, coal, petroleum and petroleum products and gas. urce: Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1985/86 and 1987/88, Table 2.4. Table 4.11: EXPORTS OF )IANUFACT1JRBD GOODS ($ .llSon) 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986e 1987. etrical mehinery, appliancee arts 358.5 506.8 656.8 918.9 1,687.4 2,410.6 3,015.6 3,242.1 4,135.0 5,309.7 6,761.1 6,492.9 8,492.4 10,3'5.6 lectronic co pnents 1,214.4 1,866.8 2,292.0 2,520.4 3,164.4 3,882.9 4,847.3 4,439.2 5,796.1 6,905.6 lectrical appliances 227.7 196.9 277.0 211.8 193.9 297.6 473.2 458.2 605.6 770.1 ther electrical mehinery 245.3 346.9 446.6 509.9 776.7 ,129.0 1.440.6 1,595.5 2,090.7 3,299.7 ztilea, clothing, footwear, etc. 168.2 217.9 314.0 344.7 465.2 568.2 806.3 784.2 818.2 942.7 1,140.5 1,288.7 1,643.8 2,286.0 extiles 70.2 73.4 121.1 131.2 202.4 244.8 375.5 323.7 339.3 385.1 397.1 :lothing 69.6 101.2 144.5 159.2 206.6 256.3 325.9 369.1 406.3 500.7 682.2 ootwear 19.9 35.3 38.1 40.7 44.1 55.2 88.7 73.8 55.0 43.3 42.1 ther 8.5 8.0 10.3 13.6 12.1 11.9 16.2 17.6 17.6 13.6 19.1 :roleum products 154.8 105.5 140.3 102.4 95.7 132.4 189.2 225.4 286.6 598.2 9.3.4 984.7 634.7 756.7 d products 173.4 244.6 266.0 286.8 295.0 362.2 484.6 613.1 544.6 604.8 752.7 755.5 923.2 1.166.1 nsport equipment 40.8 66.2 82.8 82.3 128.7 124.9 222.9 83.0 200.0 342.9 569.5 566.2 517.7 722.1 micels 6 chemiel products 79.7 79.3 82.0 87.0 102.3 131.1 171.6 191.8 235.7 293.9 451.9 610.2 760.7 917.1 d produets 250.4 205.4 325.2 308.8 370.7 471.3 466.8 473.7 425.0 490.6 424.4 365.1 536.5 851.4 :1 manufacturec 64.9 61.9 74.7 82.4 114.0 171.3 249.6 211.6 206.4 240.2 302.4 356.4 522.9 771.5 imtallic ineral products 20.6 23.4 29.8 29.7 42.3 49.5 60.8 50.9 72.2 103.5 130.7 150.5 191.0 302.0 ber products 33.6 43.3 47.4 51.8 65.8 74.9 83.6 82.7 88.7 97.5 107.1 113.1 154.7 242.8 eragee 6 tobacco products 24.2 26.5 26.7 21.9 15.7 20.9 28.1 29.8 22.2 28.2 27.7 25.5 37.4 56.9 wer mnufactures 317.2 398.0 430.3 349.5 250.5 312.8 490.7 340.0 363.9 449.6 560.2 705.3 851.5 1,216.4 Total 1,686.3 1,978.8 2,476.0 2.666.2 3.633.3 4.830.1 6,269.8 6.328.3 7.398.5 9,501.8 12,151.6 12,414.1 15.266.5 20.266.6 - estimted. xrces Department of Statlties, Bank Ngegrs Annual Report, various Issues. abl Selo MMD SUP0mt At3 PMVATS SIEtR LIQUIOM (" tillion, and of period) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 2975 1976 1977 1978 1979 9190 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Aug Total 7 epply 2p032.5 2,120.4 2,715.5 5,735.2 *,055.1 9,396.8 S,257.0 6,127.4 7,242.8 9,487.0 9,761.4 11,014.5 12,976.7 13,432.3 13,356.7 13,578.9 13,957.0 14,944.9 Currency ti circulation 1,000.2 1,060.7 1,269.4 1,718.1 2,029.7 2,239,0 2,627.7 3,112.3 3,578.4 4,094.2 4,757.9 5,099.7 5,727.0 6,025.3 5,974.4 6,220.2 6,580.5 6,969.2 Dend deposits of private ector lb 1,032.5 1,059.7 1,646.1 2,017.1 2,025.6 2,109.8 2,629.3 3.015.1 3,664.4 4:9,2.0 5,003.5 5*934.8 6,749.7 7,407.0 7,382.3 7.358.7 7,376.5 7,975.2 Deterdminae Pbic sector Is Credit oerottic, 956.9 1,173.7 1,356.5 1,652.4 1,999.0 2,599.9 3,320.7 4,l'05.6 3,764.9 4,545.1 5,653.0 6,259.4 8.301.8 11,110.7 13,141.5 10,291.4 9,702.2 10.288.2 C*ntrsl Dak 123.9 128.4 171.2 277.3 253.2 644.9 324.5 422.4 385.5 742.0 1,680.8 707.7 2,001.1 3,524.6 4,808.6 2.467.9 2,057.8 677.8 Co_drcil banks 833.0 1,045.3 1,385.3 1,375.1 1,765.8 2,155.0 2,996.2 3,583.2 3,379.4 3,803.1 3,972.2 5,551.7 6,300.7 7,N56.1 8,332.9 7,823.5 7,644.4 9,610.4 Dpoat. mitth banks 927.2 1,024.2 919.9 3,O06.8 1,040.5 13287.0 2,498.4 2,792.9 2,798.0 5,286.6 5,104.2 3,967.7 9,320.5 7,680.0 8,995.7 8,922.7 6.901.6 8,420.4 tc es of leading or deposits 29.7 149.5 536.6 565.6 958.5 1,312.9 822.3 1,212.7 1,016.9 -741.5 548.8 2,291.7 3,981.3 3,430.7 4,145.8 1,368.7 2,800.6 1,867.8 ITnate sector ib CredIt operattel Id 2,245.2 2,571.5 3,014.6 4,586.0 5,277.7 6,076.6 7,510.5 9,008.0 11,846.2 14.982.3 20,936.5 25,718.4 29,915.9 36,417.4 42,973.6 48,820.1 52,378.9 51,412.6 Queatmoy /a 2,069.8 2,547.8 3,046.9 3,816.7 4,65N.6 5,632.7 7,491.2 8,691.6 10,223.7 13,129.1 17,690.6 21,355.5 25,171.4 27,760.7 32,531.6 36,817,6 39810.0 40,015.9 Imcae of ie7lt g or of depoits 153.4 23.7 -32.3 769.1 619.1 443.9 19.3 316.4 1,620.5 1,853.2 3,045.9 49362.9 9,744.5 8,656.7 10.442.0 14,002.5 12.568.9 11,36.7 g Etornal resrves (aet) 2,100.3 2,295.8 2,760.0 3,077.6 3,464.8 3,744.0 5,997.0 6,289,9 6,677.8 9,529.8 9,35.49 8,202.4 8,297.2 7,926,0 6,120.2 9,111,1 14,029,3 19,170.1 Central Dek I 2,018.1 2,281.8 2,730.9 3,307.1 3,759.4 3,930.7 6,249.2 6,739.0 7,363,6 9,226.2 10,303.9 9,794.1 9,332,0 9,443.1 9,629.8 12456,8 16,324.8 19,115.4 CNmarc al bhile A 82.2 14.0 29.1 -229.5 -294.6 -186.7 -252.2 -449.1 -685.8 303.6 -949.0 -3,591.7 -1,034.8 -1,517.1 -3,509.6 -3.345.7 -2,291.5 254.7 Otbhr iafleunces /h -252.9 -398.6 -448.8 -677.3 -987.1 -1,152.0 -1.583.6 -1,691.6 -2,072.4 -2,354.5 -3,188.2 -3,842.5 -4,146.3 -6.581.1 -7,231.3 -10.903 4 -13,441.8 -17,690.2 Priwate setor liquidity tt 6,122.3 4,668.2 5,762.4 7,551.9 8,713.9 9,983.5 12,749.2 16,819.0 17,466.5 21,616.1 27,652.0 32,370.0 37,648.1 41,193.0 45,886.3 98,396.5 53,767.0 54,9t0.3 a/De fra so only the privalwt ctoreS holdings of fmlayeian notes and coln Isued by the Central Deck sntce June 12, 1967. Defdt a are individuals, budrase enterprises, stetutory autboritils and local govrnments. " 8term to fedaral ad State Ovrits. defintd co_mercItl bonk loba nd eades, bills discounted or purcaebd, bille recivble hbtch are pansela in MalAysi sad private securira am ezlt as '*ntr1l SDak r tinasciog eod rediecountig fscilitihs. / Defined as privat sector tfied and avings deposit with the banking system, bolding of asgotlsbl* csrtificat s of deposit and Central Bonk Certifleacas. n lacludes Dl resrve tranehe positina. l nled bills discounted or purebaed snd blls reevablewch are por abla *broad. Al1 other balance Sheet Item of the banking System not aasoble to the Item listed, Including spcial drasing righte allocated. Cptioe Mu, apply aed que_asr-oy. Degrce Desk llgara, Qeert.rly _conmie gllettl, 1986, M Tale 1.2. Table 5.2, CtCXIlL BANKS - CLASSIFICAtION OF LOANS AND ADVANCES (t dillica) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 198S 1986 1987 Jun iculture 240.3 278.2 347.5 406.1 416.5 483.6 535.81 661.0 870.8 1,013.0 13648.4 1,910.2 2,134.4 2,389.5 2,664.0 2.936.3 3,190.4 3,085.4 Rubber 114.6 105.4 123.9 147.3 109.8 133.7 135.1, 117.0 147.9 158.2 203.1 38.8 380.1 206.6 264.2 290.3 298.6 339.4 Ict 1.2 2.0 0.7 0.8 1.6 8.7 13.¶1 15.3 21.3 25.7 38.2 28.1 29.5 26.3 28.5 29.3 28.1 27.5 OIL Pala 35.0 39.4 36.4 64.3 51.9 74.5 101.4, 110.9 330.8 179.0 385.3 452.8 478.8 499.1 480.2 557.1 698.2 587.0 Coconut and products 131 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.6 3.0 7.3 10.5 12.8 33.6 34.1 "3.7 39.1 49.7 37.4 cocoa n.m. n.S. n.a. n.&. n.e. G.*. n.1. n.a. n.e. n.S. 138.9 258.2 328.1 392.2 469.1 507.8 5S3.6 576.9 "stock n.e. n.S. a.&. n.&. n.s. n.e. n.eI. n.e. n.e. a.e. 102.5 126.8 153.5 187.3 234.5 262.4 267.9 257.8 For otwy 62.7 10M.7 159.8 158.4 216.3 217.6 207.' 308.2 330.9 343.3 536.6 673.0 730.4 770.2 854.6 888.3 856.6 838.0 nisrtee 4.9 5.3 4.6 4.6 6.5 9.5 11.' 17.1 19.4 26.4 35.8 36.5 43.4 51.7 67.6 74.3 83.2 84.2 Other 20.8 19.1 21.1 29.7 29.6 38.5 64.2 90.9 197.5 273.1 197.5 140.2 157.0 222.0 225.6 287.7 324.5 337.2 dsig en quarryinS 31.2 33.9 72.0 98.9 97.9 30F.7 10.7 98.3 128.1 122.6 210.5 276.5 494.5 626.3 486.2 492.4 429.3 392.0 Tin 36.3 31.2 50.3 65.1 56.0 5!.3 46.3 52.1 82.0 77.8 145.2 180.6 201.6 179.1 187.5 173.0 133.9 331.3 cm" petrolam and natural 6JJ n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. U.S. t.e. n.1e. n.e. n.*. n.e. 6.8 12.9 171.8 292.2 72.5 61.8 43.0 42.1 Other 14.9 22.7 21.7 33.8 41.9 51.4 59.S 44.2 46.1 44.8 58.5 83.0 121.1 155.0 226.2 257.6 232.4 218.6 matectuwing 465.6 S69.9 610.3 683.5 1,057.0 1,265.6 1,382.0 1,594.7 2,225.6 2.564.6 4,693.8 5947.1 6,190.0 7,398.8 7.958.4 8,583.9 8.963.2 8,554.0 Rubber proesssing end rubber pwtdects 41.7 32.6 #3.6 62.0 44.4 75.9 85.2 75.3 108.0 133.6 254.9 304.8 334.2 408.0 374.8 390.9 492.1 424.6 Tio 15.1 8.2 6.6 15.1 3.3 0.8 0.8 8.1 13.8 5.3 32.2 39.2 73.0 33.9 34.3 61.6 52.0 S0.3 Pale oll proceseng a 33.5 46.8 37.6 56.7 29.3 43.2 76.9 90.4 129.1 185.2 384.4 472.7 511.6 652.4 615.5 681.9 674.2 277.2 Foed, berage md tbsceco 67.9 80.7 79.4 85.1 104.3 133.9 125.5 124.7 233.5 246.0 489.7 621.1 672.2 802.2 875.7 853.1 857.3 893.3 Textile. end _esrig apparel 12.2 28.2 61.3 91.8 150.7 187.7 199.3 204.8 262.9 265.5 552.5 614.0 635.0 703.0 792.2 682.3 723.0 670.7 Ibet wood prducts 15.1 19.4 29.7 26.7 34.1 48.7 69.7 93.7 127.0 143.7 633.3 554.2 630.9 775.4 936.1 959.7 995.2 988.0 aptr 6 paper product. n.S. n.e. n.e. n.4. n.S. n.e. U.S. n.e. n.A. n.e. 32.6 68.1 75.6 93.2 144.8 167.2 228.6 227.9 Rr7ntings publishing 12.5 15.2 16.7 32.1 44.9 46.5 34.4 70.2 130.8 147.2 194.9 239.5 251.2 322.0 377.7 421.9 491.0 438.1 tdetri l cheb del. n.A. n.&. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.S. n.S. n.&. n.e. n.e. 122.9 182.9 178.7 198.9 255.1 254.8 222.0 214.5 So". cosmtics. etc. n.&. n.&. n.*. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.S. n.e. n.S. n.e. *1.1 41.5 50.2 35.0 28.6 30.1 30.0 33.8 Petrole.. product n.e. n.e. n.e. n.S. n.e. n.e. n.es. n.*. n.a. U.a. 147.3 471.7 194.8 368.6 46.2 45.4 54.3 30.6 Pletic products n.S. n.e. n.,. n.e. n.*. n.J. n.e. n.e. n.4. n.e. 88.4 116.4 146.3 204.0 210.3 236.2 238.5 250.3 Buildting _teriels 39.9 33.8 32.3 69.7 91.2 108.8 116.2 128.3 189.9 230.1 242.1 270.9 295.5 372.8 522.6 648.5 676.4 661.0 Iron A et l products n.A. n.&. o.a. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.4. n.*. n.s. n.e. 215.9 319.9 389.3 462.2 419.3 509.5 576.3 509.3 btel products n.e. n.e. n.*. n.e. n.S. n.e. n.4. n.S. n.e. n.e. 280.3 296.5 329.7 334.6 434.9 467.6 463.9 452.1 bchtnery (nonelectrical) n.&. n.S. n.e. n.*. n.s. n.e. n.e. n.a. n.S. n.e. 95.6 137.3 92.2 161.4 143.4 116.2 104.1 101.4 , nlectricel machinery A eppliance n.&. n.e. U.&. n.S. n.&. n.S. n.S. n.e. n.S. n.a. 236.8 372.8 314.2 338.2 409.5 481.3 5391. 612.0 Tr-port qipnnt n.e. n.&. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.&. n.4. na.. n.e. n.e. 255.5 383.2 349.8 41*.8 512.5 604.0 509.9 415.1 Otber 225.7 305.0 312.1 446.3 554.8 620.1 653.6 799.2 1,030.6 13,88.0 413.4 440.4 665.6 721.2 824.9 971.9 984.4 93.8 sctrincty n.e. n.S. n.A. n.S. n.a. n.n. n.e. n.S. n.e. n.e. 278.9 169.6 143.7 96.3 38.6 126.9 43.3 28.6 neral comercs 756.1 793.6 924.9 1,331.5 1,602.0 13722.2 2,172.3 2,578.3 3,279.5 4,395.9 4,644.2 5.594.3 6,137.9 7,270.9 8,167.6 B,752.0 9,116.3 8.912.5 Import, export 6 wleoesml trade /b 675.0 695.7 828.8 13185.2 1.393.5 1346t.8 1,850.1 2,169.1 2,740.6 3,671.5 3,485.3 4*099.2 4,216.' 4,836.3 5.312.6 5,698.9 6,011.7 53923.4 Watil trade 81.1 97.9 96.I 145.8 208.5 255.4 322.2 409.2 538.9 724.4 1,158.9 1,495.1 1,921.6 2,434.6 2,855.0 3.053.1 3,104.6 2,987.1 liding and conetruction 206.5 198.8 198.2 431.7 463.0 480.2 303.1 583.4 789.3 1,074.0 1,406.6 1,643.2 1.859.7 2.493.5 3.248.2 3,697.0 3.974.2 4,052.1 I "etate n.e. 28.7 46.8 117.1 165.7 241.5 303.2 474.5 560.4 769.3 1,710.2 2.755.2 3,660.0 4,646.6 6,032.2 6,992.2 7,510.7 7.621.8 eintg n.&. 110.7 172.7 306.. 402.9 500.9 668.1 892.7 1,229.4 1,648.8 2,232.4 2,831.4 3,497.8 4,157.7 5.129.5 6,306.3 7,038.7 7,298.7 *nsport, storage 6 Aconiaetions 17.4 32.8 32.2 52.0 62.1 89.9 119.8 163.7 205.2 337.3 400.1 623.7 715.2 750.1 771.6 773.2 727.9 591.7 dnece, Ineurance 8 business .arwicee Le 79.5 110.8 131.0 292.4 322.3 415.3 559.2 833.0 822.4 652.4 1,297.3 2,198.1 2,739.9 4,074.9 5,217.1 5.809.2 6,061.0 5.659.3 se llneeus 543.0 489.8 643.7 947.8 986.2 1,162.3 1,712.2 1.702.2 2,177.8 2.681.0 2,508.7 1,592.1 2.092.5 2,857.2 3,853.9 4.512.3 5,271.7 5.037.8 Reeteurants, hotels, etc. 29.7 39.1 60.5 76.1 75.5 93.7 128.8 128.0 151.2 171.4 220.1 229.2 302.1 390.7 491.1 626.3 752.4 790.7 Purchese of stocks end shares n.e. 110.0 129.4 158.1 185.9 188.5 224.7 223%9 293.7 416.8 201.7 358.1 476.0 626.7 915.9 1.073.7 1,229.8 1.143.5 Cne,mption credit n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.&. n.e. n.e. n.a. 147.1 216.3 303.1 370.5 482.2 590.6 622.0 637.4 Other /d 513.3 340.7 453.8 713.6 724.8 880.1 1,358.7 1,350.3 1.732.9 2.093.6 1.939.8 788.5 1,011,3 1.469.3 1,964.7 2.221.7 2.667.5 2.466.2 tal loans and advaeces E8 ERR ERR ERR ERR EIIR E3 ER ERR EnR 21.031.1 25,521.4 29.665.6 36,78.8 413.567.3 48,983.7 52,328.7 51.233.9 Of which: Loene to Covernmet 0.3 0.5 32.4 102.5 143.4 182.9 274.8 291.0 330.0 323.7 324.1 342.2 427.3 1,283.0 1,383.5 1,132.6 1.166.4 1.166.4 Dte up to osceuber 1979 refer to oep end oil*. Data up to December 1979 Include bills discounted or purchased end bills receivable. ron Detembet 1980. such bills hey been classifled according to group of borrowers end tcluded In the d4te for the approprite group. Includes losne extended to the governnent Officers NoLoing Lon Schee. Data up to Decetber 1979 include loans to the Federal end Stets Oo.ernannt. Frr December 1980, such lon hae" been classified eccording to econonic activity end Included In data tor th. pproprlte actvity. *real Bnk tgra, Quarterly Econoie Bulletin, June 1987. Table 1.7. Table 5.3t Zf*IN COSUANIES - CLUSIFICATIOW O LOANS BY SECTlO (N$ allion) 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Jun aimtur. 103.5 127.3 121.9 147.2 175.5 214.0 316.7 403.2 412.1 485.8 604.8 739.4 712.6 656.3 621.1 Abber 5.4 5.4 5.0 7.8 9.3 12.7 21.9 25.9 24.4 20.7 21.3 21.7 28.1 72.0 79.8 -1 pau 14.4 14.7 25.5 25.3 21.1 14.4 22.2 24.2 24.1 26.0 26.6 44.5 72.9 96.6 96.6 oreetry A logging 75.2 96.7 74.7 92.6 125.9 159.3 238.9 309.3 312.7 391.4 505.5 612.2 541.6 403.1 357.7 'gherees & livestock 0.8 1.4 3.4 2.7 3.6 5.5 7.2 10.2 16.4 13.9 14.2 18.9 22.3 22.6 21.8 ther 7.7 9.1 13.3 18.8 15.6 2;.1 26.5 33.6 34.5 33.8 37.2 42.1 47.7 62.0 65.2 king & quarryin 12.4 11.1 15.9 17.9 18.3 26.5 35.7 56.0 70.6 90.3 98.8 101.1 98.8 88.3 98.8 in 9.5 4.8 7.0 8.7 10.1 15.7 17.3 21.7 21.5 21.9 20.4 20.1 16.9 13.1 21.4 iarrying 2.8 6.2 8.5 8.8 7.7 12.0 17.5 32.6 48.3 66.9 76.0 78.3 73.5 68.8 71.9 thor sinerals 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 C.8 0.9 1.7 0.8 1.5 2.4 2.7 8.4 6.4 5.5 ufacturing 30.2 30.7 50.7 74.0 94.6 117.3 139.2 179.9 225.6 294.6 449.7 558.3 617.8 576.b 551.4 -od, beverages & tobacco 0.7 1.6 3.3 4.3 5.2 !.3 8.3 12.6 13.5 18.2 31.2 47.9 56.3 52.6 45.9 :xtiles & wearing apparel 0.6 1.5 2.4 6.7 7.6 4.6 7.5 10.0 15.6 22.5 40.7 44.7 52.0 42.1 39.8 ood & wood products 12.4 11.5 14.5 18.7 21.4 32.9 43.4 49.0 52.8 62.1 84.7 97.6 93.1 82.2 82.0 -inting, publishing, paper, etc. 2.7 3.6 5.7 8.8 11.9 11.5 17.3 22.1 38.2 58.0 77.7 94.0 86.6 82.4 72.2 1 :tal 6 aetal products 0.5 2.8 2.9 5.3 6.7 7.4 12.8 20.2 22.4 23.2 33.8 29.1 62.5 55.4 52.0 -chinery, appliances 6 transport equipmnt 10.2 4.8 6.9 6.7 6.7 3.4 7.3 11.1 12.8 16.9 30.8 31.3 46.6 35.6 30.5 t4 'her 3.1 4.9 15.0 23.5 35.1 41.2 42.6 54.9 70.3 93.7 150.8 213.7 220.7 226.5 229.0 1 struction 53.9 64.2 90.0 95.2 127.6 153.8 231.4 339.2 439.7 521.6 601.6 695.5 731.9 699.7 759.& -ral conerce 17.2 31.9 50.6 67.5 85.5 106.5 153.3 204.6 254.1 297.0 384.1 591.8 759.3 773.4 754.1 Aport, export & wholesale trade 2.8 5.0 12.1 16.5 20.9 24.2 32.7 40.1 40.9 63.0 90.9 151.8 195.1 192.3 182.1 stall trade 14.4 26.9 38.5 51.0 64.6 82.3 120.6 164.5 213.2 234.0 293.2 440.0 564.2 581.1 572.0 vate individuals 282.7 316.3 367.0 461.7 618.4 831.9 1,110.7 1,508.3 1,977.2 2,486.6 3,132.8 4,038.7 4,793.7 5,160.0 5,199.5 -using 61.7 88.5 139.5 210.5 261.7 348.9 450.3 619.8 833.4 1,072.1 1,282.6 1,542.8 1,828.8 2,075.4 2,162.4 -naumption credit 170.4 191.3 199.1 227.2 324.7 437.7 607.3 814.4 1,002.9 1,202.4 1,587.9 2,141.4 2,400.8 2,145.2 2,008.5 ther 50.6 36.5 28.4 24.0 32.0 45.3 53.1 74.1 140.9 212.1 262.3 354.5 564.1 939.4 1,028.6 cellaneous 102.8 151.0 217.5 307.3 390.6 516.2 665.0 873.5 1,200.9 1,536.1 2,153.1 3,340.3 4,611.7 5,046.9 5,126.1 ,ansport 6 storage 22.3 36.7 43.9 63.3 76.5 84.9 109.8 215.0 283.3 319.0 366.0 423.1 436.8 384.6 347.4 al estate 61.1 81.4 130.7 169.1 197.7 274.9 379.1 460.7 643.7 856.0 1,208.3 1,903.6 2,500.6 2,912.0 3,021.1 msinas services 5.4 13.4 16.7 28.5 51.8 68.4 78.4 102.3 152.3 187.7 292.9 446.5 603.9 539.3 551.3 ther 14.0 19.5 26.2 46.4 64.6 88.0 97.7 95.5 121.6 173.4 285.9 567.1 1,070.4 - Doasatlc loane 602.7 732.5 913.6 1,170.8 1,510.5 1,968.2 2,652.0 3,564.7 4,580.2 5,712.0 7,424.9 10,065.1 12,325.8 13,001.4 13,110.1 Foreign loana 12.8 8.1 5.9 5.2 3.4 3.7 3.6 11.8 5.4 3.7 1.6 1.9 0.7 0.3 0.2 Total loans 615.5 740.6- 919.5 1.176.0 1.513.9 1.971.9 2.655.6 3.576.5 4.585.6 5.715.7 7.426.5 10.066.9 12.326.5 13.001.7 13,110.3 cet Book Negara, Qarterly Econmeic Uullqtien, Mrch-June 1986, Table 1.11. Table 5.4: INTEREST RATES IN MALAYSIA (2 p.a.) 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Sep Commercial banks Deposit rates: Fixed - 1 month 4.50 3.50 3.50 3.00 5.00 5.25 8.50 9.00 9.00 8.25 10.00 7.25 6.00 2.CO 6 months 7.00 6.00 6.00 5.50 5.75 5.75 8.50 10.50 9.25 8.50 10.50 7.50 6.75 3.0/3.25 12 months 9.00 7.50 7.50 6.50 6.50 7.00 9.00 11.00 10.00 9.00 10.75 7.50 7.00 4.00 Saving - - - 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 6.50 6.00 7.50 6.00 6.00 3.50 Loan rates: Prime rate /b 10.00 8.50 8.50 7.50 7.50 7.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 10.75 10.00 7.50 Average lending rate /c n.a. n.a. n.a. 9.47 9.34 9.42 10.13 11.99 12.30 11.60 12.81 12.11 12.02 9.S2/t Finance companies Deposit rates: Fixed - 3 month - - - - - - 9.50 10.50 9.00 9.00 10.75 8.00 7.50 3.00 6 months - - - - 6.00 7.00 9.50 11.00 9.25 9.50 11.00 8.00 7.50 3.50 12 months - - - - 7.30 8.00 10.50 12.00 10.00 9.75 11.00 8.25 7.75 4.50 Saving - - - - 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 8.00 8.00 9.00 7.00 7.00 5.50 Loan rates: Average lending rate /c - - - - 10.45 10.23 10.39 11.76 12.33 12.01 12.23 14.66 13.96 12.93/d General Treasury bill rates tc 3 months 4.886 4.973 4.379 3.564 4.212 3.470 4.460 4.500 5.124 5.196 5.060 4.129 3.887 2.615 Interbank rates /f Overnight 2.728 4.205 2.623 4.829 2.470 4.372 3.308 3.467 5.237 8.354 5.931 4.973 1.653 3.010/d Seven-day 5.025 7.849 4.941 5.681 4.116 5.258 5.946 6.297 7.947 9.412 9.087 6.594 3.038 2.625T7i 3 months - - - - - - 9.367 8.628 8.628 9.256 9.210 7.785 6.350 2.9927d memo Inflation rate 17.4 4.4 2.6 4.7 5.0 3.6 6.6 9.7 5.8 3.7 3.9 0.3 0.7 1.5 /a May 1985, except for Consumer Price Index which has been estimated for 1985. /b On advances. 7 Refers to weighted average lending rate aggregated from quarterly data. Prior to September 1986 only quarterly data are available. August 1987. b Average discount rate on 3-month bills. Daily average for week, refers to interbank lending rates of ten banks. a Annual percentage change in Consumer Price Index. Source: Bank Negara Malaysia, quarterly Economic Bulletin, Warch-June 1986, Table IV.2, IV.3, IV.4, IV.5; Database Table 6.1 for inflation rate. - 54 - Table 5.5: STRUCTURE OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM (M$ million) Assets as at end of Sector 1960 1970 1980 1985 1986 Banking system 2,356 7,455 54,346 118,298 129,470 Monetary institutions 2,346 6,882 45,180. 91,342 100,237 Central Bank 104 2,227 12,994 16,525 20,201 Currency Board /a 930 195 - - - Commercial banks 1,232 4,460 32,186 74,817 80,036 Nonmonetary institutions 10 573 9,166 26,956 29,233 Finance companies 10 531 5,635 17,833 19,635 Merchant banks - - 2,229 6,296 6,374 Discount houses - 42 1,292 2,827 3,224 Credit Guarantee Corporation - - 10 - - Nonbank financial intermediaries 1,197 4,167 19,807 49,977 57,656 Provident, pension and insurance funds 836 3,156 13,846 32,643 37,225 Employees provident fund 633 2,265 9,481 24,708 28,467 other provident funds 100 452 1,889 2,094 3,265 Life insurance funds 83 324 1,657 3,646 4,000 General Insurance funds 20 115 819 1,385 1,413 Development finance institutions /b 1 133 2,193 4,044 4,348 Savings institutions /c 267 645 2,463 7,434 8,565 Other financial intemediaries /d 93 233 1,305 5,856 7,510 Total 3,553 11,622 74,153 168,275 187,126 /a Malaysia's estimated share of assets of the Currency Board. The Currency Board ceased to function with effect from November 30, 1979, following its liquidation Z-d the final distribution of its assets to the three participating Governments of Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. /b Include Malaysian Industrial Development Finance Berhad (MIDF), Agricultural Bank of Malaysia, Borneo Development Corporation, Sabah Development Bank Berhad, Sabah Credit Corporation, Development Bank of Malaysia and Industrial Development Bank of Malaysia Berhad. /c Include National Savings Bank, Bank Nerjasama Bakyat and the cooperative societies. /d Include Unit Trusts, Building Societies and Pilgrims Management and Fund Board. - 55 - Table 5.6: LOANS-DEPOSITS GROWTH IN THE BANKING SYSTEM (M$ million) Annual change 1975 1980 1983 1985 1986 1987 June Loans Commercial banks 892.8 5,771.3 7,116.2 5,477.4 3,347.0 -1094.8 Finance companies 178.9 920.6 1,710.8 2,259.5 675.2 109.6 Merchant banks 150.6 346.2 944.4 345.3 -80.9 -123.2 Total 1,222.3 7,038.1 9,771.4 8,082.2 3,941.3 -1133.6 Deposits Commercial banks 1,069.6 4,915.8 5,450.1 4,100.8 3,791.8 1698.5 Finance companies 236.7 1,250.5 1,752.5 1,894.3 1,491.6 -13.9 Merchant banks 80.8 15:.8 1,027.5 560.2 -228.8 -47R82 Total 1,387.1 6,325.1 8,230.1 6,555.3 5,054.6 1206.3 Loans-deposits gap (-) 164.8 -713.0 -1,541.3 -1,526.9 1,113.3 surplus (I) As at end of period Loans-deposits ratio (2) 77,9 86.8 90.6 94.0 92.9 89.7 Table 5.7: INTEREST MARGINS IN MALAYSIA (% p.-a.) Commercial banks Finance companies Merchant banks Mode Mode base Average Average base Average Average Average Average End of lending cost of lending lending cost of lending cost of lending period rate/a deposits rates /b Margin rate g!h deposits rate /b Margin deposits rate /b Margin 1980 Dec - 6.20 10.22 4.02 - 9.10 12.32 3.22 - - 1981 Dec - 7.77 12.07 4.30 - 11.23 15.58 4.35 - - 1982 Dec 12.00 i.17 12.34 5.17 - 10.64 15.88 5.24 - - - 1983 Dec 10.75 6.61 11.64 5.03 - 9.40 15.87 6.47 8.90 10.80 1.90 1984 Dec 12.25 8.22 13.14 4.92 - 10.64 15.22 4.58 10.40 13.10 2.70 1985 Dec 10.75 6.53 12.10 5.57 - 9.72 14.66 4.94 8.30 11.00 2.70 1986 Mar 10.75 6.78 12.08 5.30 12.00 9.26 14.37 5.11 8.90 11.10 2.20 Jun 10.75 6.85 12.27 5.42 12.00 9.13 14.29 5.16 10.40 13.10 2.70 Sep 10.75 7.00 12.39 5.39 12.00 9.26 14.15 4.89 10.90 12.90 2.00 Dec 10.00 6.45 12.02 5.57 11.50 9.13 13.96 4.83 7.60 10.70 3.10 1987 Mar 9.00 5.11 10.99 5.88 10.50 8.52 13.40 4.88 4.80 8.10 3.30 JuD 7.75 4.28 10.07 5.79 9.25 7.57 12.96 5.39 3.60 6.20 2.60 Sep 7.50 4.02 9.85 5.83 9.25 6.57 12.93 6.36 3.40 5.70 2.30 Dec - - - - - - - - - - /a Refers to the rate quoted with the highest frequency. Data available from December 1982 for the commercial banks and from January 1986 for the finance companies.. /b Refers to the weighted average lending rate of loans (including the trade bills but excluding loans to the staff) of all commercial banks. Table 5.8: MALAYSIA: COMMERCIAL BANKS: CREDIT TO PRIORITY SECTORS, 1977-84 /a (In M$ million; credit outstanding at end of period) Priority sectors 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1986 Bumiputera community 1,335.1 1,991.1 2,650.0 3,885.8 5,264.8 7,027.3 8,815.0 15,332.0 Agricultural food production 322.6 526.7 772.5 1,243.0 1,466.8 1,631.4 1,973.3 - Small-scale enterprises /b 1,436.8 1,871.8 2,783.6 2,806.7 2,890.0 3,216.2 3,466.1 5,232.8 Of which: Special loan scheme - - - - 301.7 722.7 803.9 696.3 Manufacturing Ic /d 1,594.7 2,225.5 2,564.7 4,683.8 5,947.4 6,190.0 7,398.8 8,965.2 Lfl Housing for individuals /d 892.7 1,229.4 1,648.8 2,232.5 2,810.9 3,497.6 4,157.7 7,038.7 1 /a Lending guidelines were first issued on September 23, 1976 and made effective from October 1, 1976. /b In 1983 no new guideline in the form of prescribed targets was introduced for lending to small-scale enterprises. The commercial banks were only requred to maintain their 1982 level of lending throughout 1983. This requirement ceased in 1984. However, the requirements of the SLs remain. /c From 1979 no new guideline in the form of prescribed targets was introduced for lending to the manufac- turing throughout each successive year. In 1984 no new guideline in any form was set for loans to these two sectors, except for housing loan commitments in terms of units. /d Excluding food processing. Table 5.9: CREDIT ALLOCATION OF BANKING SYSTEM /a (M$ million) 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Agriculture 1,635.00 2,436.00 2,971.00 3,434.00 3,983.00 4,561.00 4,867.00 5,145.00 (%) 7.96 8.66 8.54 8.44 7.95 7.56 7.03 6.97 Mining & quarrying 190.00 288.00 378.00 621.00 812.00 685.00 702.00 647.00 (Z) 0.92 1.02 1.09 1.53 1.62 1.13 1.01 0.88 Manufacturing 4,238.00 5,738.00 7,469.00 7,906.00 9,550.00 9,967.00 10,730.00 11,116.00 (2) 20.63 20.40 21.47 19.44 19.05 16.51 15.50 15.05 Construction 1,385.00 1,833.00 2,331b00 2,605.00 3,313.00 4,383.00 5,118.00 5,283.00 (2) 6.74 6.52 6.70 6.40 6.61 7.26 7.39 7.15 Real estate 1,209.00 2,282.00 3,598.00 4,735.00 6,252.00 8,590.00 10,429.00 11,334.00 (Z) 5.88 8.11 10.34 11.64 12.47 14.23 15.07 15.34 Housing 2,789.00 3,884.00 4,900,00 6,087.00 7,291.00 8,910.00 10,716.00 12,062.00 (2) 13.57 13.81 14.09 14.96 14.54 14.76 15.48 16.33 General commerce 3,834.00 5,197.00 6,353.00 6,931.00 8,246.00 9,530.00 10,580.00 11,565.00 (%) 18.66 18.48 18.26 17.04 16.45 15.79 15.28 15.66 Business services n.a. 661.00 764n00 839.00 1,206.00 1,850.00 2,161.00 2,276.00 (2) 0.00 2.35 2.20 2.06 2.41 3.06 3.12 3.08 Transport & storage 477.00 671.00 1,027.00 1,168.00 1,235.00 1,327.00 580.00 1,293.00 (2) 232 2.39 2.95 2.87 2.46 2.20 0.84 1.75 Consumer credit n.a. 961.00 1,219.00 1,506.00 1,958.00 2,623.00 2,991.00 2,767.00 (%) 0.00 3.42 3n50 3.70 3.91 4.34 4.32 3.75 Other 4,789.00 4,174.00 3,775.00 4,846.00 6,282.00 7,944.00 10,349.00 10,379.00 (2) 23.31 14.84 10.85 11.91 12.53 13.16 14.95 14.05 Total 20.546.00 28.125.00 34,785,00 40,678.00 50,128.00 60,370.00 69.223.00 73,867.00 /a Includes commercial banks, finance companies and merchant banks. Source: BNM. - 59 - Table 6.1: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (1967 - 100) Weights 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Food 46.8 151.7 157.4 160.5 169.3 177.7 181.7 188.3 207.6 Beverages & tobacco 8.9 110.7 121.3 122.8 127.3 133.8 135.6 144.5 163.7 Clothing & footwear 4.8 144.1 143.3 146.9 152.6 157.9 168.1 179.5 196.5 Gross rent, fuel & power 9.4 111.5 118.9 125.6 133.2 139.9 149.1 163.4 180.1 Furniture & household equipment 6.6 150.5 157.8 161.7 167.3 174.2 181.0 194.2 208.9 Medical care & health 2.0 116.4 122.4 135.2 140.9 146.0 155.3 167.0 185.0 Transport & communication 10.4 119.7 127.1 133.4 138.1 146.3 151.5 161.8 176.2 Recreation, educational & cultural services 5.6 126.9 129.5 130.3 132.7 135.5 138.8 144.1 152.4 Miscellaneous 5.5 140.4 147.9 151.3 159.4 170.2 191.7 246.0 261.8 Total 100.0 137.8 144.0 147.7 154.8 162.4 168.3 179.5 196.8 - 60 - Table 6.2: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (1980 - 100) Weights 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 /a Food 36.2 111.4 120.6 121.7 126.2 123.1 123.4 122.8 beverages & tobacco 4.9 113.9 121.5 147.5 152.7 154.6 157.1 168.7 Clothing & footwear 4.7 109.5 114.1 118.6 121.6 122.8 123.2 123.7 Gross rent, fuel & power 18.2 109.9 116.8 124 133.3 138.9 141.1 141.9 Furniture & household equipment 5.9 106.4 109.6 112.3 113.4 113.6 114.4 116.4 Madical care & health /b 1.3 109.0 114.4 130 131.5 134.4 136.6 137.5 Transport & communication 16.6 107.9 111.5 114.2 119.9 122.5 123.0 126.8 Recreation, educational 5 cultural services /b 6.7 i05.5 iu8.i 107.4 1U4.6 i03.i 103.5 105.7 Miscellaneous /b 5.5 109.1 111.7 118.8 120.7 120.7 122.3 123.9 Total 100.0 109.7 116.1 120.4 125.1 125.5 126.4 128.3 /a Estimated by Ministry of Finance. /b Not updated for 1985/86. Source: Fifth Malysia Plan, Table 2.6. (Original source was Consumer Price Index for Peninsular Malaysia); and Ministry of Finance, Economic Report 1986/87 (for 1985 and 1986 update). - 61 - Table 6.3: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: PRODUCER PRICE INDEX (BY SITC GROUP) (1972 - 100) Weights 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 Local Production Food & live animals 25.8 141.9 141.2 148.0 154.4 155.9 165.7- 178.6 183.7 183.9 Beverages & tobacco 4.2 114.8 113.7 118.6 124.9 128.6 138.3 160.4 172.4 202.6 Crude materials 35.7 149.4 189.5 206.2 227.2 268.6 293.2 258.2 230.5 262.6 Fuels 5.1 174.8 190.6 197.9 202.8 269.8 359.1 464.3 468.3 450.8 Oils & fats 3.8 182.3 175.6 243.9 232.5 268.4 216.5 209.6 177.4 213.6 Chemlcals 2.8 163.7 147.5 147.4 154.6 169.8 189.1 201.3 192.5 187.2 Manufactures 15.8 145.8 164.4 205.8 223.5 250.5 275.7 264.1 254.7 254.8 Machinery & transport 4.1 126.5 138.6 150.7 166.0 174.6 179.1 188.7 193.6 203.1 Misc. manufactures 2.7 131.5 139.5 145.8 149.4 161.0 175.9 186.9 192.7 198.0 Total 100.0 146.7 165.2 182.6 195.4 220.7 240.1 236.2 225.8 239.4 Imported Goods Food & live animals 18.8 154.1 154.7 159.6 168.9 164.8 181.6 203.0 181.0 175.2 Beverages & tobacco 5.9 130.7 136.0 144.6 154.2 158.4 161.5 180.4 185.8 236.7 Crude materials 5.8 156.5 170.2 183.9 195.2 205.5 230.2 232.7 226.5 224.4 Fuels 8.3 255.4 280.2 281.8 279.6 350.6 497.2 580.4 580.9 530.7 oiis & fats 0.5 i92.4 177.6 184.4 183.0 200.5 206.6 208.5 207.i 203.5 Chemicals 8.2 160.7 153.5 155.1 155.6 178.5 196.2 210.5 203.6 198.0 Manufactures 20.1 135.8 142.0 144.5 150.6 163.0 176.0 186.8 188.8 186.0 Machinery & transport 26.9 125.7 134.7 141.6 153.0 167.0 172.4 178.8 178.9 181.8 Misc. manufactures 5.5 120.7 129.7 125.1 131.2 147.7 154.5 160.2 158.5 161.2 Total 100.0 148.8 155.7 160.2 167.7 182.5 205.7 223.2 218.8 216.3 Goods In the Domestlc Economy Food 6 live animals 23.9 144.5 144.1 150.4 157.4 157.8 169.0 183.8 183.1 182.1 Beverages & tobacco 4.6 120.1 121.2 127.4 134.8 138.7 146.1 167.1 176.9 214.2 Crude materials 27.7 149.8 188.4 204.9 255.4 265.0 289.7 256.8 230.2 260.5 Fuels 6.6 204.8 224.0 229.1 231.3 299.3 410.5 507.5 510.2 480.5 Oils & fats 2.9 182.8 175.0 242.0 230.1 265.1 216.0 209.5 178.9 213.1 Chemicals 4.3 162.1 150.6 151.4 155.1 172.2 192.7 206.1 198.2 192.8 Manufactures 16.9 142.6 157.4 186.4 200.5 222.9 244.3 239.) 233.9 233.1 Machinery & transport 10.2 125.9 135.8 144.3 156.9 169.3 174.4 181.8 183.2 188.1 Misc. manufactures 3.5 126.9 135.5 137.1 141.7 155.4 166.9 175.7 178.3 182.5 Total 100.0 147.3 162.6 176.6 188.0 210.5 230.9 232.8 244.0 233.3 Source: Department of Statistics. - 62 - Table 6.4: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: PRODUCER PRICE INDEX (1978-100) Weights 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987/a Local Production Food & live animals 18.28 102.6 109.2 118.3 122.4 122.9 129.2 135.8 144.1 153.0 Beverages 6 tobacco 2.75 102.0 109.0 127.0 135.9 158.7 162.7 165.3 167.6 174.6 Crude materials 27.15 121.4 131.6 118.9 109.8 120.4 122.1 113.2 108.2 111.5 Fuels, lubricants 11.95 117.6 141.9 165.4 162.9 159.8 160.2 157.7 123.0 121.4 Animal & veg. oils & fats 8.16 115.3 94.2 91.6 77.2 89.7 138.3 103.9 58.8 71.9 Chemicals 2.61 110.0 121.6 126.8 121.6 122.8 123.6 123.0 121.6 122.1 Manufactures 14.58 110.5 122.0 123.4 121.4 122.1 120.1 121.1 105.6 105.8 Machinery & transport 9.48 102.0 115.4 115.0 115.7 117.4 120.9 119.9 116.9 120.1 Misc. manufactures 3.40 108.7 116.6 125.3 129.1 132.6 136.2 137.3 140.2 142.6 Commodities n.e.i. 1.55 136.6 190.0 228.6 226.8 209.3 223.0 219.2 168.7 148.3 Total 100.00 112.5 122.2 124.8 121.6 125.9 132.1 127.9 117.0 120.7 Imported Goods Food & live animals 13.08 97.8 108.5 119.7 105.7 103.6 106.0 103.8 101.8 101.7 Beverages & tobacco 2.62 103.1 105.6 118.0 121.0 152.6 165.4 165.5 168.8 181.3 Crude materials 4.42 104.9 116.2 119.1 117.4 116.5 117.8 120.2 110.3 103.7 Fuels, lubricants 9.71 128.6 187.0 220.0 219.4 201.9 192.3 196.9 186.0 178.4 Animal & veg. oils & fats 0.16 103.4 105.8 106.6 105.8 104.8 103.7 105.5 105.3 106.8 Chemicals 8.88 114.0 130.3 138.0 134.1 129.8 129.8 131.1 132.3 135.2 15.69 9.5 121.6 130.6 130.5 125.9 127.9 129.1 129.7 132.5 Machinery & transport 38.90 108.2 113.3 119.3 118.8 120.4 120.2 121.5 123.5 125.4 Misc. manufactures 5.62 105.8 114.3 121.9 118.7 114.7 113.2 113.9 117.6 120.3 Commodities n.e.i. 0.92 103.8 111.2 115.3 115.5 117.3 117.4 117.5 121.1 125.6 Total 100.00 109.1 122.6 132.6 130.0 128.1 128.1 129.1 128.7 129.6 Goods in the Domestic Economy Food & live animals 16.82 101.5 109.0 118.6 118.7 118.7 124.2 128.8 134.8 141.8 Beverages & tobacco 2.71 102.3 108.1 124.6 131.8 157.0 163.4 165.3 167.9 176.4 Crude materials 20.75 120.4 130.7 118.9 110.3 120.1 121.8 113.7 108.3 111.0 Fuels 11.32 120.2 152.8 178.6 176.5 170.0 168.0 167.2 138.2 135.2 Fuels, lubricants 5.91 115.2 94.2 91.7 77.4 89.8 138.1 103.9 59.1 72.2 Animal & veg. oils & fats 4.38 112.3 126.6 133.2 128.7 126.8 127.1 127.6 127.7 129.6 Manufactures 14.89 110.2 121.9 125.5 124.2 123.2 122.5 123.4 112.8 113.7 Machinery & transport 17.76 105.8 114.1 117.7 117.6 119.2 120.5 120.9 121.0 123.4 Misc. manufactures 4.09 107.6 115.7 124.0 125.0 125.6 127.4 128.2 131.4 134.0 Commodities n.e.i. 1.37 130.4 175.1 207.2 205.8 191.9 203.1 199.9 159.7 144.0 Total 100.00 111.6 122.3 127.0 123.9 126.6 131.0 128.2 120.3 123.2 /a January - July. Source: Ministry of Finance, Economic Reports 1985/86 and 1986/87, Table 2.6. Primary source was Department of Statistics. Table 7.1: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: INDEX OF INDUSTRIL PRODUCTION (1968 = 100) Weights 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 ing Ia 31.4 95.5 85.3 85.0 80.6 75.4 70.7 69.6 64.6 68.9 69.6 67.7 66.5 57.7 45.5 ctricity /b 9.2 115.3 123.1 138.8 153.5 170.0 185.0 206.0 229.0 253.4 279.3 307.4 326.9 339.2 378.2 ufacturing Ic 59.4 129.8 137.8 155.1 187.1 215.8 216.0 256.9 284.2 311.9 341.5 362.6 374.6 387.1 401.0 rocessing of agri. products 7.3 130.1 144.5 164.8 182.2 210.4 235.5 254.1 307.4 349.7 423.8 439.9 490.0 622.1 564.1 ood 9.8 115.9 111.9 115.4 130.3 128.5 136.2 156.5 162.0 171.7 177.9 185.8 182.0 181.3 199.6 everages 2.7 131.0 129.4 135.9 169.7 195.1 184.6 214.0 248.3 292.1 346.2 378.0 351.9 344.0 313.9 obacco products 4.3 119.9 123.5 130.6 154.5 167.5 166.9 174.1 188.2 191.4 207.5 207.1 210.1 215.1 209.8 extiles 1.3 114.6 122.0 156.1 196.8 141.C, 213.9 302.5 313.9 366.8 366.1 375.7 382.1 363.9 347.3 _od products 7.1 125.5 140.4 183.7 203.3 185.9 190.2 265.2 286.4 247.1 280.4 287.3 303.4 300.5 361.9 aper and paper products 0.5 141.3 155.2 175.0 218.4 214.; 203.8 276.1 285.0 328.6 387.2 435.9 493.2 467.4 506.5 ibber products 3.8 125.3 131.9 139.8 166.5 161.7 164.1 185.4 196.0 193.1 196.0 203.6 222.4 194.4 186.5 hemicals and chemical products 5.7 118.9 121.5 144.2 165.6 175.1 154.7 176.3 180.4 203.7 234.9 250.7 259.7 223.9 237.7 I products of petroleum and coal 3.0 99.5 92.0 96.6 99.1 101.5 117.9 150.3 169.1 188.9 197.8 193.7 187.7 181.4 199.5 'W onmetallic mineral products 4.5 118.2 119.3 129.2 147.0 154.f 161.3 189.5 196.0 245.6 260.0 278.5 322.6 321.5 340.2 asic metal industries 1.5 139.3 166.5 192.2 225.5 237.5 227.5 242.2 284.3 317.5 315.1 358.8 360.3 387.5 414.9 etal products 2.5 131.4 141.3 171.7 242.8 267.5 186.0 207.9 233.0 291.5 296.4 322.9 381.7 373.6 367.1 lectrical machinery /d 1.2 171.5 188.9 192.4 200.6 247.( 287.0 338.4 432.4 466.4 484.0 487.4 510.3 744.2 1,043.1 ransport equipment 1.4 272.5 281.9 268.3 393.0 531.z 412.1 416.6 481.4 572.6 613.5 852.6 855.1 780.3 948.4 ther 1.4 193.9 239.4 313.6 474.5 906.C 915.3 1,179.4 1,311.9 1,438.4 1,620.7 1,705.8 1,635.6 1,622.0 1,594.8 All Sectors 100.0 117.7 120.0 132.2 150.6 167.f 167.6 196.4 210.1 230.3 250.4 265.0 273.5 279.3 287.3 Covers production of tin and iron ore, which accounted for 97% of value edded in mining in 1968. Covers 97% of total electricity output in 1968. The index covers 145 manufacturing items classified under 56 individual lindustries and 16 major groups, which accounted for 76% of total value added in 1968. Six major groups are excluded from the index: footwear, other weatring apparel and made-up textiles; furniture and fixtures; printing and pub- lishing; leather, fur and leather products; miscellaneous industries; anE.. machinery except electrical machinery. Includes electrical apparatus, appliances and supplies. rce: Bank Negara, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, March/June 1985, Table 6.6. - 64 - Table 7.2: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION (1981 - 100) Weight 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Electricity /a 3.9 103.7 115.6 124.7 134.7 147.5 Mining /b 30.4 105.4 132.0 165.6 166.4 192.4 petroleum mining 23.0 111.2 152.3 196.7 200.1 238.5 Tin mining 7.4 87.0 69.1 68.8 61.5 48.6 Manufacturing /c 65.7 103.6 112.6 125.4 117.6 126.1 Food manufacturing 10.6 109.0 109.5 122.9 134.3 154.7 Other dairy products 1.2 98.5 103.8 107.7 119.3 Fish, crustacean. etc. 0.3 65.5 61.9 48.1 49.2 Palm oil 6.0 117.2 110.9 132.0 149.9 Palm kernel oil 0.6 139.3 153.0 168.4 198.8 Large rice mills 0.5 93.9 108.6 96.5 102.4 Flour mills 0.4 89.4 93.0 96.5 95.9 Biscuit factoriea 0.3 98.4 105.7 116.3 102.0 Sugar factories & refineries 0.7 98.3 117.3 120.9 118.5 Prepared animal feeds 0.6 87.4 96.7 107.5 109.0 Beverage industries 2.4 94.7 84.3 82.5 87.0 122.0 Malt liquors and malt 1.7 93.9 76.7 79.5 81.7 Soft drinks 0.7 96.6 101.3 89.1 98.1 Tobacco manufactures 2.4 109.0 104.8 113.6 106.8 Wearing apparel (excluding footwear) 1.2 103.7 103.0 129.6 125.5 134.4 Manufacture of textiles 2.7 92.5 91.8 93.2 92.8 Natural fiber spinning & weaving 0.5 120.4 120.4 138.2 141.6 Dye, bleach, printing, finishing 1.6 77.9 74.1 68.0 69.0 Synthetic textile mills 0.6 110.3 118.2 127.2 119.1 Petroleum refineries 4.7 109.2 139.8 149.0 139.1 Wood, wood and cork products (excl. furniture) 5.5 108.4 121.4 99.9 89.0 90.1 Sawmills 4.0 110.4 124.5 100.9 115.4 Plywood, hard & particle board 1.5 103.4 113.6 97.0 90.1 industrial chemicals 0.9 86.4 88.7 101.4 106.8 99.5 Industrial gases 0.3 102.0 109.9 125.3 115.2 Fertilisers and pesticides 0.6 78.5 78.0 89.4 102.5 Other chemical products 1.3 96.0 100.9 103.6 117.1 124.7 Paints, varnishes & lacquers 0.5 107.3 109.9 122.1 124.7 Soap, cleaning preparations 0.8 88.8 95.0 91.7 112.2 Rubber products 3.7 105.7 108.4 119.2 112.9 124.4 Tires and tubes 1.5 89.2 93.9 81.8 87.2 Rubber remilling 6 latex processing 2.2 114.4 115.8 126.4 124.5 Other rubber products 0.9 112.4 114.6 115.4 126.1 Nonmetallic mineral products 3.5 94.8 99.9 111.3 99.4 88.2 Structural clay products 0.8 95.1 107.4 125.5 107.8 Hydraulic cement 1.4 103.2 104.9 117.1 105.3 Cement and concrete products 1.3 86.2 90.0 96.3 88.1 Iron and steel 1.3 104.5 123.1 164.2 130.3 120.9 Primary iron and steel 0.4 116.6 134.6 238.4 141.7 Other iron and steel 0.9 98.9 117.7 129.3 125.0 Nonferrous metal 0.8 114.8 99.3 86.8 85.3 85.0 Fabricated metal products 1.7 100.9 90.8 135.5 130.5 129.2 Tin cans & metal boxes 0.4 86.3 92.7 96.2 103.7 Wire and wire products 0.4 93.6 93.0 97.2 84.1 Brass, copper, pewter & aluminum products 0.4 83.7 64.1 202.1 182.2 Other metal products 0.5 134.8 110.9 130.3 145.9 Electrical machinery, apparatus, appliances 9.8 126.7 148.5 201.6 151.9 Radio and television sets 1.2 102.9 151.7 178.9 215.4 Semiconductors & other electronic components 8.6 129.9 148.0 204.6 143.3 Transport equipment 2.0 96.0 111.1 119.7 120.2 72.2 Motor vehicle bodies 0.2 88.3 72.3 85.2 62.2 Motor vehicle assembly 1.1 90.4 109.1 126.3 128.2 Motor vehicle parts & accessories 0.3 97.4 115.2 140.4 150.7 Motorcycle & scooter assembly 0.4 117.2 137.2 100.0 102.2 ICA establishments 10.3 93.1 93.4 94.3 96.6 93.8 All Sectors 100.0 105.5 118.6 137.6 134.2 /a The index covers electricity production of the public sector, which accounted for more than 99% of total electricity generated in 1981. /b The index covers production of tin ore and crude petroleum, which accounted for 98% of the Census Output and 99S of the Census Value Added of the Mining Sector in 1981. /c The index covers 152 commodities classified under 43 industries and 17 major groups, which accounted for 831 of the Census Output, 78% of the Census Value Added and 76! of total Production Value of the Manu- facturing Sector in 1981. Source: Department of Statistics, Monthly Industrial Statistics Peninsular Malaysia, December 1985, Table 2. t~ *r - C rF. tf- hlv ' --I -t I I -Ar ' -1-- 1 7 - 65 - Table 7.3: PENINSULAR KALAYS!A' PRODUCTION OF SELECTED KANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Food and bzversgias sweetened condensed milk (mt) 110,840 113,782 117,442 129,507 126,884 Canned fish, frozen shrimps/prawns (mt) 11,486 11,743 9,346 10,059 12,180 Refined sugar (Mt) 477,489 583,809 603,173 591,200 673,745 Prepared animal feeds (mt) 590,798 652.590 726,022 735,805 Biscuits (at) 44,807 48,128 53,069 46,636 52,345 Beer and stout (liters) 118,061 95,351 99,828 102,608 101,279 Soft drinks and carbonated beverages (litters) 178,420 180,161 159,583 177,476 161,755 Tobacco products Cigarettes (at) 14,054 13,502 14,671 13,839 13,706 Textiles Cotton yarn (mt) 23,393 23,551 24,934 25,165 28,535 Sewing thread (mln m) 16,632 18,926 22,208 21,796 Cotton cloth ('000 a) 204,004 193,948 178,084 180,746 189,585 Synthetic yarn (mt) 45,065 48,485 50.114 46,705 48,359 Knitted fabric ('000 m) 8,784 11,340 14,261 15,814 Knitted garments ('000 units) /a 21,472 21,056 20,165 24,184 Nonknitted garments ('000 uuitt /b 39,051 37,659 48,239 47,107 Wood products 3 Veneer sheet Sm ) 109,634 130,370 138,589 128,376 160,871 Blockboard (a ) 63,234 62,994 41,382 34,085 26,582 Plywood (a3) 562,307 619 657 530,103 497,033 502,996 Timber moldings (e3) 74,726 76,510 82,422 82,560 81,201 Dressed timber (a ) 6,165 5,729 8,258 10,493 6,654 Paper products Cardboard and paperboard boxes 'OOO units) 105,764 140,813 162,821 159,053 Corrugated fiberboard and cartons (mt) 51,843 52,771 67,938 66,001 Rubber and rubber products Tires and inner tubes ('000 units) 9,209 9,201 8,187 9,570 10,769 Rubber RSS (mt) 59,611 65,835 86,103 67,095 69,750 Rubber SMR (mt) 489,990 489,252 559,318 532,366 595,295 Processed latex (mt) 181,224 188,639 187,414 199.375 202,827 Rubber sheeting (mt) 2,814 3,973 4,861 3,728 5,775 Rubber compound (mt. 12,361 11,516 11,266 10,188 10,564 Rubber gloves ('000 ,sirs) 138,595 197,785 202,137 255,450 293,955 Petroleum and gas products Kerosene (mt) 158,483 407,152 568,479 446,562 500,239 Liquefied petroleum gas (at) 76,259 93,051 138,661 305,803 394,169 Chemical products Paints ('000 liters) /c 30,153 31,863 35,853 38,397 37,062 Soap and soap compounT(mt) /d 49,125 53,704 48,365 58,783 Liquid herbicides and insectTwides ('000 liters) 13,881 14,402 12,920 11,661 Herbicides (nonliquid) (mt) 3,902 3,319 3,505 3,413 3,935 Plastic products Plastic bags and sacks (at) 38,173 40,951 41,666 38,206 PVC pipes (Mt) 13,405 20,740 14,493 16,995 Plastic bottles and household wares (mt) 11,292 13,683 13,774 12,515 Nonmetallic mineral products Cement ('000 mt) 3,123 3,231 3,469 3,128 3,176 Earthen bricks ('000 units) 493,337 572,729 660,454 561,125 422,064 Cement roofing tiles S'00O units) 61,199 63,655 52,091 27,391 21,474 Ready-mix concrete (m ) 372,986 308,830 830,921 792,952 527,419 Basic metal and metal products Iron and eteel bars and rods (mt) 265,471 306,426 543,042 323,387 296,039 Galvanized iron sheets (mt) 48,835 52,323 51,010 51,014 50,092 Bars and rods for reinforced concrete (mt) 41,465 33,350 35,647 22,981 15,594 Iron and steel drums ('000 units) 2,307 2.08A 2,246 2,449 2,497 Tin cans & all other tin products ('000 units) 342,119 372,124 404,136 432,767 473,336 Electrical and electronic appliances Integrated cii-cuits (million units) 2,120 2,689 3,874 2,561 3,277 Semiconductors (million units) 1,622 1,594 2,011 1,468 1,553 Electronic transistors (million units) 2,212 2,597 3,831 3,450 3,719 Telephone and telegraph cables (at) 25,360 21,125 9,677 22,370 6,046 Insulated wires and cables (at) 21 098 22,863 18,209 13,765 11,983 Television sets (units) 249,000 382,766 443,025 568,387 862,573 Room air conditioners (units) 184,013 207,737 177,578 148,253 336,503 Household refrigerators (untts) 192,615 223,572 156,823 148,424 154,321 Radios (units) 3,538 5,501 7,821 8,829 10,521 Transport equiptent Passenger care s (units) 83,617 97,768 94,273 70,147 44,100 CAmmercial vehicles (unitt) 16,044 20,789 26,740 35,772 16,426 Motorcycles (units) 207,611 242,977 177.509 182,189 115,960 /a Includes sports shirts, socks and stockings. I Includes men's and boys' trousers and shirts, woen's and girls' blouses and dresses. 7c Includes emulsion, gloss, undercoats and primers. 7; Includes toilet soap, shampoo, hard washing soap and soap powder. Source: Department of Stattstics, Monthly Industrial Statistics Peninsular Malaysia, December 1985, Table 5. I4 4 .1 -4 'i i1e,' ' 1 r l^ {a A r 1057 Table 7.4: VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURING SECTOR /a /b 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 Processing of estate-type agri- cultural products /c n.a. 142.8 n.a. n.a. n.s. n.a. 1,085.5 977.5 ? 825.6 1,300.9 Food 364.4 168.7 477.0 634.4 793.31,101.4 601.3 836.5 1,424.0 912.4 960.8 Beverages 61.2 47\1 59.6 90.5 107.3 131.7 164.8 305.4 292.0 287.2 284.2 Tobacco products 130.4 90.5 113.9 98.7 129.6 147.5 174.6 271.5 312.0 383.4 351.5 Textiles 104.2 55.8 106.4 178.9 251.5 346.2 389.9 407.9 371.0 345.7 419.2 Footwear & clothes 35.5 25.8 38.6 47.4 51.9 77.1 100.0 231.0 171.0 200.5 243.6 Wood products 304.2 177.1 279.8 246.1 347.3 514.3 668.5 870.7 886.0 770.7 709.3 Furniture and fixtures 19.3 10.4 19.8 24.3 23.1 36.7 45.6 100.9 90.0 75.0 80.5 Printing, publishing , etc. 114.6 96.1 142.2 126.8 133.6 206.8 241.0 413.7 431.0 434.1 535.1 Paper and paper products 18.0 12.8 27.0 32.2 27.4 46.6 63.7 93.9 101.0 112.5 125.1 Leather & leather products 222.5 2.0 2.9 1.8 2.1 4.6 4.8 7.4 7.0 7.1 7.1 Rubber products 222.5 72.2 352.3 332.0 432.9 526.4 284.1 377.3 618.0 470.8 405.9 Chemical and chemical products 175.1 145.0 187.6 194.4 228.5 302.1 538.1 461.6 523.0 1,181.6 1,788.0 Products of petroleum and coal 51.9 46.7 50.3 86.7 126.5 17b.4 243.5 544.7 230.0 269.7 249.2 Nonmetallic mineral products 104.2 117.4 122.0 107.6 115.5 208.6 334.7 487.4 598.0 583.7 743.0 Basic metal industries 85.9 50.4 97.5 97.0 102.4 166.4 170.9 313.0 326.0 439.0 411.9 Metal products 114.4 65.9 126.1 111.6 126.8 199.2 255.3 388.0 352.0 409.4 357.3 Machinery (excluding electrical) 87.2 43.6 114.4 94.3 76.1 153.9 209.1 329.9 293.0 308.9 314.3 Electrical machinery 188.5 72.4 259.1 334.0 424.5 572.2 892.9 1,235.3 1,420.0 1,614.4 2,021.4 Transport equipment 62.2 40.7 88.4 90.3 107.8 160.7 239.3 441.0 420.0 502.1 569.4 Misc. manufacturing industries 80.1 41.5 94.1 94.7 126.8 223.5 34.6 395.2 381.0 452.8 423.6 /aValue added is derived as follows: (value of production) - (cost of materials consumed) +/- (stock changes). T7Census data for 1972 and 1973, these census reports do not cover: tailoring and dress-uaking, repair of motor vehicles, bicycle repair shops, goldsmiths, abbatoirs and tin smelting. Annual survey data for 1974-82; 1977 survey data not available. Survey data for 1974-78 relates to over 90% of value added covered by the 1973 census report. /cHave been distributed to food and rubber products from 1973 census and subsequent surveys up to 1978. Source: Bank Negara, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, March/June 1985 and 1987/88, Table VI.4. Table 7.5: CAPITAL ACCOUNT (M$ million) Foreign liablllty (A) Domestic liabi.Lity (B) Total liability (C) Shareholders' fund (D) 1979 1982 1- 1979 1982 1985 T1979 1982 1985 1979 1982 1985 Rubber 107.8 12.6 1.0 374.3 394.0 512.9 482.1 406.7 513.9 1,168.9 1,952.6 2,446.9 Other agricult"re 146.0 60.2 53 !.337.8 3,162.4 3,603.3 1,483.8 3,222.6 3,657.1 2,620.5 5,236.7 8,678.1 Tin miring 16.9 13.7 141.8 522.0 394.0 762.1 538.8 407.7 903.9 410.1 483.2 832.5 Other mining 983.3 1,801.4 2,496.3 2,895.2 5,155.0 9,932.0 3,878.5 6,956.4 12,428.4 4,692.5 9,783.5 14,275.3 Manufactuziug 1,676.0 1,931.2 7,'R0.5 5,667.2 9,451.1 14,737.8 7,343.2 11,382.2 21,918.3 5,248.9 9,837.2 16,981.3 Construction 75.4 219.6 305.1 467.6 1,661.8 4,368.2 543.0 1,881.4 4,673.4 99.1 416.2 704.3 Wholesale 723.5 987.2 1,587.0 4,375.3 6,900.7 9,228.1 5,098.7 7,887.9 10,815.1 1,518.4 2,505.1 3,234.0 Retail 40.2 99.9 84.5 788.7 1,561.2 1,929.5 829.0 1,661.1 2,014.1 472.0 763.6 935.3 Banks & fin. inst. 3,188.5 8,053.1 8,667.4 30,689.7 70,360.5 110,163.2 33,878.2 78,413.6 118,830.6 3,014.1 13,015.3 19,717.6 Other industries 1,874.4 3,482.3 4,007.2 3,675.3 8,544.7 12,827.8 5,550.0 12,027.0 16,835.0 1,640.0 5,438.1 8,291.2 Total 8,832.0 16.661.2 24,524.7 50,793.1 107.585.4 168,064.9 59,625.3 124.246.6 192,589.8 20.884.5 49,431.5 76,096.6 A/B A/C B/C C/D 1979 1982 .985 1979 1982 1985 1979 1982 1985 1979 1982 1985 Rubber 0.29 0.03 0.05 0.22 0.03 0.00 0.78 0.97 1.00 0.41 0.21 0.21 Other agriculture 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.90 0.98 0.99 0.57 0.62 0.42 Tin mining 0.03 0.03 0.19 0.03 0.03 0.16 0.97 0.97 0.84 1.31 0.84 1.09 Other mining 0.34 0.35 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.20 0.75 0.74 0.80 0.83 0.71 0.87 Manufocturing 0.30 0.20 0.49 0.23 0.17 0.33 0.77 0.83 0.67 1.40 1.16 1.29 Construction 0.16 0.13 0.07 0.14 0.12 0.07 0.86 0.88 0.93 5.48 4.52 6.64 Wholesale 0.17 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.86 0.87 0.85 3.36 3.15 3.34 Retail 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.95 0.94 0.96 1.76 2.18 2.15 Banks & fin. inst. 0.10 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.07 0.91 0.90 0.93 11.24 6.02 6.03 Other Industries 0.51 0.41 0.31 0.34 0.29 0.24 0.66 0.71 0.76 3.38 2.21 2.03 Total 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.85 0.87 0.87 2.86 2.51 2.53 Source: Financial Survey, DOS, various issues. - 68 - Table 7.6: FINANCING INVESTMENT (N$ million) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984. 1985 1986 Total investment (A) 16,599 20,759 22,745 24,534 25,391 23,124 18,865 Private investment (B) 10,394 11,466 11,367 12,013 13,345 10,866 7,640 Net Increase of loans 7,816 7,161 6,355 10,733 12,255 9,963 5,974 by banking system (C) (63.28) (47.10) (39.01) (53.71) (54.54) (59.36) (50.35) Net issues of domestic 2,502 4,227 6,066 5,099 6,355 4,143 4,386 securities (D) (20.26) (27.80) (37.24) (25.51) (28.29) (24.69) (36.97) Government share (DI) 2,345 3,326 5,413 3,699 3,872 3,511 4,197 (18.98) (21.88) (33.23) (18.51) (17.23) (20.92) (35.38) Corporate share (D2) 157 900 653 1,399 2,383 632 189 (1.27) (5.92) (4.01) (7.00) (10.61) (3.77) (1.59) New equity issues (E) n.a. 901 603 1,225 1,987 951 136 n.a. (5.93) (3.72) (6.14) (8.84) (5.66) (1.15) Direct foreign invest- 2,034 2,914 3,263 2,926 1,869 1,925 1,368 ment (F) (16.47) (19.19) (20.03) (14.64) (8.32) (10.28) (11.53) Total finance (G) - (C+D4E+F) 12,352 15,203 16,287 19,983 22,466 16,782 11,864 (G)/(A) (74.41) (73.24) (71.61) (81.45) (88.48) (72.59) (62.89) Note: Figures in parentheses are the share in total amount of finance (G). Sources: DOS; Quarterly Economic Bulletin, BNM; and Emerging Markets Data Base, IFC. - 69 - Table 7.7: INVESTMENT IN FIXED ASSETS BY INDUSTRY /a (M$'O0O) 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Rubber 103,602 59,971 80,224 265,099 298,024 132,849 92,258 Share, X 2.50 1.40 1.33 3.91 5.15 1.82 1.31 Growth rate, X - -42.11 33.77 230.45 12.42 -55.42 -30.55 Other agriculture 278.643 366,331 320,326 790,451 ,?6,499 379,162 668,061 Share, 1 6.73 8.53 5.30 11.65 5.65 5.20 9.46 Growth rate, X - 31.47 -12.56 146.76 -58.69 16.13 76.19 Tin mining 44,626 70,514 57,543 55,766 70,566 117,529 28,563 Share, Z 1.08 1.64 0.95 0.82 1.22 1.61 0.40 Growth rate, Z - 58.01 -18.39 -3.09 26.54 66.55 -75.70 Other mining 1,044,458 867,387 1,762,495 2,072,657 1,298,552 1,765,695 1,096,892 Share, Z 25.22 20.19 29.13 30.55 22.46 24.19 15.54 Growth rate, 2 - -16.95 103.20 17.60 -37.35 35.97 -37*88 Manufacturing 970,880 1,406,854 1,519,428 1,556,899 1,930,015 2,503,441 2,490,463 Share, 2 23.45 32.75 25.12 22.95 33.38 34.30 35.28 Growth rate, X - 44.91 8.00 2.47 23.97 29.71 -0.52 Construction 62,033 104,176 137,586 129,811 157,151 145,076 172,248 Share, X 1.50 2.42 2.27 1.91 2.72 1.99 2.44 Growth rate, 2 - 67.94 32.07 -5.65 21.06 -7.68 18.73 Wholesale trade 250,836 279,864 370,893 407,907 477,557 525,341 1,033,009 Share, 2 6.06 6.51 6.13 6.01 8.26 7.20 14.63 Growth rate,% - 11.57 32.53 9.98 17.07 10.01 96.64 Retail trade 46,734 64,023 58,686 73,212 104,631 104,748 97,529 Share, 2 1.13 1.49 0.97 1.08 1.81 1.44 1.38 Growth rate, X - 36.99 -8.34 24.75 42.92 0.11 -6.89 Banks & financial 128,315 200,250 370,103 257,010 461,462 499,674 495,823 Share, 2 3.10 4.66 6.12 3.79 7.98 6.85 7.02 Growth rate, 2 - 56.06 84.82 -30.56 79.55 8.28 -0.77 Other 1,210,799 876,837 1,372,275 1,175,420 657,744 1,124,692 885,228 Share, 2 29.2 20.4 22.7 17.3 11.4 15.4 12.5 Growth rate, 2 - -30.2 11.1 -23.6 -34.3 35.5 -18.7 Total 4.140,926 4,296,207 6.049.559 6.784,232 5.782.201 7.298.207 7.060,074 Share, X 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Growth rate, 2 - ____ 40.81 12.14 -14.77 26.22 -3.26 /a Firms who reported to DOS's Financial Survey are those whose annual revenues are more than M$5 million. Source: Financial Survey of Firms, various issues, DOS. - 70 - Table 7.8: CAPITAL EXPENDITURE BY INDUSTRY (M$ 000) 1978 1979 1983 1985 Annual growth rate (1978-85) Manufacturing 712,273 1,040,722 1,783,442 2,110,097 16.78 Construction 74,437 130,589 288,790 212,999 16.21 Stone quarrying 19,749 18,531 27,107 25,573 3.76 Rubber 38,416 61,202 58,521 47,692 3.14 Oil palm /a - 96,420 77,150 75,721 -3.95/b Cocoa /a - 403 128 1,104 18.29/b /a 1980 figure. /b 1979-85. Note: Figures exclude expenditure on used equipment and on land purchases. Sources: Survey of Manufacturing Census, DOS (1978, 1979, 1983, 1985); Survey of Construction Census, DOS (1978, 1979, 1983, 1985); Census of Stone Quarrying, DOS (1978, 1979, 1983, 1985); and Census of Rubber Estates, DOS. Table 7.9: BREAKDOWN OF PRIVATE INVESTMENT (M$ million in constant 1978 prices) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987/a .1 and gas investment 435 1,315 2,508 2,939 3,624 2,992 3,190 2,233 1,219 1,884 Growth rate, Z - 202.30 90.72 17.19 23.31 -17.44 6.62 -30.00 -45.41 54.55 n-oil and gas investment 5,527 6,800 7,886 8,527 7,743 9,021 10,155 8,633 6,421 6,002 Growth rate, % - 23.03 15.97 8.13 -9.19 16.51 12.57 -14.99 -25.62 -6.53 Total 5,962 8,115 10,394 11,466 11,367 12,013 13,345 10,866 7,640 7,886 Growth rate, % - 36.11 28.08 10.31 -0.86 5.68 11.09 -18.58 -29.69 3.22 )tal (constant) 5,162 7,400 8,725 9,806 8,879 9,397 10,386 8,406 5,913 5,984 Growth rate, Z - 43.36 17.91 12.39 -9.45 5.83 10.52 -19.06 -29.66 1.20 a Estimate -urce: Treasury Department. Table 8.1: YIRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES ('000 Mt) /a 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 :l,i 1982 1983 1C84 1985 1986 1987 ubber /c 1,459.3 1,612.5 1,588.1 1,582.5 1,570.1 1,530.0 1,510.2 1,494.2 1,563.7 1,530.6 1,469.5 1,539.0 1,581.0 aw logs (i3) 19,162.7 26,643.2 26,510.1 28,683.2 28,708.6 27,916.3 30,653.5 32,824.4 32,783.8 31,088.9 30,957.1 29,868.8 35,614.0 awn timber (W3) 3,852.4 5,131.3 5,655.2 5,905.2 5,953.9 6,237.1 5,489.3 6,241.4 7,138.6 5,844.5 5,440.6 5,090.0 6,016.0 .rude palm oil 1,257.3 1,389.7 1,612.7 1,785.5 2,188.4 2,575.9 2,824.5 3,514.2 3,018.3 3,715.7 4,133.4 4,543.8 4,533.0 elm kernels 256.0 280.6 334.8 367.5 475.0 557.0 589.7 911.1 836.8 1,046.4 1,213.0 1,337.0 elm kernel oil /b n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 222.3 243.4 337.0 372.1 415.2 501.9 -conut oil 78.9 77.4 70.2 57.4 67.3 65.2 66.3 70.4 70.5 59.0 48.8 40.0 pra /d n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 787.5 255.0 257.0 264.1 265.1 250.0 ce /e 1,289.4 1,286.0 1,237.6 979.1 1,350.5 1,318.3 1,302.9 1,213.3 1,129.6 1,017.1 1,265.0 1,121.0 di /f n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2,040.2 2,016.2 1,878.7 1,774.3 1,711.8 1,931.2 coa /b n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 38.5 45.2 66.2 69.0 88.0 108.0 131.7 185.0 pperA/ n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 31.6 7R, 25.3 24.5 15.0 19.0 neapple /b n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 185.3 153.6 153.0 148.2 144.3 147.0 sheries /b n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 743.7 766.6 693.6 742.1 670.2 697.1 vestock /b Beef n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 17.2 16.8 17.3 16.7 17.4 19.1 Mutton n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 Poultry n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 125.6 127.1 129.4 138.6 151.8 154.4 Eggs (million) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. u.a. 2,534.7 2,592.2 2,690.1 2,783.5 3,240.5 3,460.9 Pork n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 135.9 144.4 143.0 141.5 154.6 158.8 Milk ('000 liters) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 8,254.0 15,305.0 16,951.0 19,965.0 25,935.0 28,925.0 Except where indicated. Source was Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 10.1. Production for Sabah and Sarawak estimated from exports. Refers to estate production in Peninsular Malaysia. Based on a conversion rate of 65% from padi to milled rice. Production data on padi refer to the crop year, e.g., the figure for 1975 refers to the crop year 1974/75, harvesting of the main crop normally takes place from November to March. irce: Bank Negara, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, Table VI.2, except where indicated by footnote tb. - 73 - Table 8.2: CROP AREAS ('000 ha) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Rubber 2,004.7 2,006.1 2,005.8 1,971.3 1,971.6 1,959.0 Oil palm 1,023.3 1,117.9 1,182.8 1,253.0 1,349.2 1,464.9 Cocoa 123.8 158.8 193.5 215.1 242.9 258.0 Padi 735.2 767.6 758.4 764.2 769.8 755.2 Coconut 349.4 318.0 319.0 324.0 298.0 274.0 Pepper 12.7 13.4 12.8 11.4 10.6 10.0 Pineapple 12.2 11.6 10.6 11.1 10.6 10.3 Vegetables /a 12.8 12.5 7.5 7.6 7.8 8.1 Orchards /b 93.0 87.8 89.0 90.0 92.0 94.0 Tobacco 12.5 14.3 9.6 9.4 9.3 9.2 /a Refers to Peninsular Malaysia only and includes leafy, fruit and root vegetables. /b Includes fruit trees, bananas and watermelon, but excludes pineapple. Source: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 10.2. - 74 - Table 8.3: VALUE ADDED BY AGRICULTURAL SUBSECTOR (M$ million, constant 1970 prices) 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Rubber 1,690 i,456 1,608 1,579 1,572 1,567 1,551 1,532 Palm oil 591 773 850 945 1,056 1,296 1,521 1,670 Forestry & logging 844 792 1,053 1,071 1,133 1,167 1,094 1,149 Coconut 97 102 99 94 88 98 89 94 Tea 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Fisheries 444 410 368 412 588 608 554 652 Livestock 370 364 438 382 400 424 459 476 Miscellaneous /a 912 901 884 934 768 925 906 937 Total 4,954 4,804 5,306 5,423 5,611 6,091 6,180 6.516 /a Value added by smallholdings, i.e., paddy, pepper, cocoa, fruits and vege- tables. Source: EPU. Table 8.4: VALUE ADDED BY AGRICULTURAL SUBSECTOR (M$ million, constant 1978 prices) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 ibber 2,456.4 2,439.9 2,382.1 2,353.8 2,369.8 2,444.6 2,394.0 2,279.4 2,394.0 2,458.0 1m oil 1,549.6 1,897.5 2,222.1 2,436.5 3,039.3 2,627.1 3,243.0 3,604.1 3,940.0 3,925.0O restry 6 logging 2,099.5 2,069.8 1,966.4 2,127.4 2,262.3 2,436.1 2,139.0 2,103.6 2,025.0 2,479.0 conut 194.7 201.9 195.5 202.7 202.3 197.1 n.a. 224.0 200.0 215.0 a 22.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 21.0 22.0 n.a. 24.3 29.0 31.0 sheries 1,443.9 1,434.0 1,395.0 1,444.5 1,379.9 1,456.0 1,430.0 1,317.0 1,263.0 1,368.0 0 vestock 317.7 312.5 342.7 355.1 355.2 371.4 395.0 450.5 479.0 501.0 coa 110.8 142.8 178.1 234.7 320.4 349.9 441.0 558.3 690.0 1,014.0 ricultural services 37.4 39.7 43.0 44.9 50.3 47.2 n.a. 54.1 57.8 62.0 .scellaneous Ia 1,281.8 1,501.6 1,443.9 1,463.9 1,375.0 1,350.9 n.a. 1,298.7 1,311.2 1,270.0 Total 9,513.8 10,059.7 10,189.8 10,685.2 11,375.5 11,302.3 11,626.0 11.913.0 12,389.0 13,323.0 Value added by smallholdtngs, i.e., paddy, pepper, cocoa, fruits and vegetables. urce: EPU. Table 8.5s PRODUCTION OF MAJOR MINERALS 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 ('000 at) n-in-concentrates ('000 mt) 64.4 63.4 58.7 62.7 63.0 61.4 59.9 52.3 41.4 41.3 36.9 29.1 n metal ('000 mt) 83.1 77.3 66.3 72.0 73.1 71.3 69.2 62.8 53.3 44.4 45.5 43.8 e oil ('000 bbl) 35,771.0 60,547.0 66,983.6 79,171.0 103,296.0 100,912.4 94,209.6 110,632.4 139,859.0 163,540.3 162,928.1 183,484.2 (bbl per day) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 275.8 258.3 303.3 383.2 446.8 446.4 502.7 ifted natural gae (mt) - - - - - - - - 1,830.0 3,700.0 4,500.0 ite ('000 mt) 703.5 660.2 616.2 615.1 386.5 920.3 700.9 589.0 501.8 680.4 492.0 566.2 ore ('000 at) 348.2 308.2 329.9 320.0 350.5 371.1 532.4 340.3 113.7 193.8 181.7 208.0 er ('000 mt) /a 21.2 77.6 100.0 112.5 104.2 114.1 120.4 128.8 123.4 122.8 127.9 115.3 Production commenced in October 1975. ce: Bank Negara, Quarterly Economic Bulletin, December 1985, for 1975-84; source for 1985 figures, crude oil (bbl per day) and LNG ts Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-96, Table 15.1. Table 9.1: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: INCIDENCE OF POVERTY /a 1970 1975 1980 19R4 Total Total Inci- Total Total Inci- Total Total Inci- Total Total Inci- house- poor dence house- poor dence house- poor dence house- poor dence holds house- of holds house- of holds house- of holds houtse- of holds poverty holds poverty holds poverty holds poverty --- ('000) --- (X) --- ('000) --- (Z) --- ('000) ---- (7) --- ('000) ---- (.) al 1,203.4 705.9 58.7 1,348.4 729.9 58.7 1,449.2 542.1 37.4 1,629.4 402.0 24.7 griculture 852.9 582.4 68.3 915.1 576.5 63.0 924.5 422.5 45.7 865.8 325.5 37.6 Rubber smaliholders 350.0 226.4 64.7 396.3 233.8 59.0 409.0 168.9 41.3 155.2 67.3 43.4 Oil palm smallholders /b 6.6 2.0 30.3 9.9 0.9 9.1 23.6 1.8 7.7 n.a n.a. n.a. Coconut smallholders 32.0 i6.9 52.8 34.4 17.5 50.9 145.0 76.4 52.7 14.2 6.6 46.5 Padi farmers 140.0 123.4 88.1 148.5 114.3 77.0 165.0 106.1 52.7 116.6 67.3 S7.7 Fishermen 38.4 28.1 73.2 41.6 26.2 63.0 41.1 1R.6 45.3 34.3 9.5 27.7 Estate workers /c 148.4 59.4 40.0 127.0 59.7 47.0 108.0 37.9 35.1 81.3 16.0 19.7 Other agriculture Id 137.5 126.2 91.8 157.4 124.1 78.8 165.0 106.1 64.2 464.2 158.8 34.2 )ther industries /e 350.5 123.5 35.2 433.3 153.4 35.4 524.7 119.6 22.8 763.6 76.5 1n.n an 402.6 85.9 21.3 553.0 105.2 19.0 743.5 93.8 12.6 991.7 81.3 8.2 .griculture - - - - - - - - - 37.5 8.9 23.7 lining 5.4 1.8 33.3 5.3 2.0 37.7 5.2 1.7 33.0 7.8 0.3 3.8 ianufacturing 84.0 19.7 23.5 120.4 21.0 17.4 175.0 23.5 13.4 132.3 11.3 8.5 :onstruction 19.5 5.9 30.2 25.5 6.1 23.9 32.6 5.7 17.4 86.6 5.3 6.1 -ransport and utilities 42.4 13.1 30.9 64.4 13.8 21.4 81.6 15.7 19.2 73.9 2.7 3.7 rade and services 251.3 45.4 18.1 337.4 62.3 18.5 449.1 47.2 10.5 472.7 21.9 4.6 .ctivities not adequately defined - - - - - - - - - 180.9 30.9 17.1 Total 1,606.0 791.8 49.3 1.901.4 835.1 43.9 2,192.7 635.9 29.0 2,621.1 483.3 18.4 The incidence of poverty for 1970 was based on the per capita poverty line income, for the other years it was based on the gross poverty line incomes. Oil palm smaliholders are included in Other Agriculture in 1984. Statistics on estate workers for 1970 were derived from indirect sources and, therefore, are not comparable with 1984. Includes other agricultural workers such as pepper smaliholders, pineapple ,tobacco, livestock and poultry farmers (and oil palm smallhold- ers in 1984). Includes households engaged in mining, manufacturing, construction, transport and utilities, and trade and services sectors. arces: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 3.1; Fourth Malaysia Plan 1981-85, Table 3.2; Mid-Term Review of the Fourth Malaysia Plan, Table 3.2. (Original sources were Department of Statistics, Post Enumeration Survey of the Population Census, 1970, Agricultural Census, 1977, and Household Income Survey, 1984.) Table 9.2: MALAYSIA: OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL OF THE CORPORATE SECTOR /a (M$ million) 1971 X 1975 x 1980 x 1983 % 1985 Malaysian residents 2,512.8 38.3 7,047.2 46.7 18,493.4 57.0 33,010.5 66.4 56,701.5 74.5 Bumipucera individuals and trust agencies 279.6 4.3 1,394.0 9.2 4,050.5 12.5 9,274.6 18.7 13,546.9 17.8 Bumiputera individuals /b 168.7 2.6 549.8 3.6 1,880.1 5.8 3,762.2 7.6 7,679.2 10.1 Bumiputera trust agencies /c 110.9 1.7 844.2 5.6 2,170.4 6.7 5,512.4 11.1 5,867.7 7.7 Other Malaysian residents /d 2,233.2 34.0 5,653.2 37.5 14,442.9 44.5 23,735.9 47.8 43,154.6 56.7 Foreign residents 4,051.3 61.7 8,037.2 53.3 13,927.0 43.0 16,697.6 33.6 19,410.5 25.5 Share in Malaysian companies 2,159.3 32.9 4,722.8 31.3 7,791.2 24.0 9,054.3 18.2 11,255.9 14.8 Net assets of local branches /e 1,892.0 28.8 3,314.4 22.0 6,135.8 18.9 7,643.3 15.4 8,154.6 20.7 Total /f 6,564.1 100.0 15,084.4 100.0 32,420.4 100.0 49,708.1 100.0 76,112.0 100.0 /a The classification of ownership of share capital (at par value) as adopted by the Ownership Survey of Limited Companies was based on the residential address of the shareholders and not by citizenship. Residents are persons, companies, or institutions that live in or are loca- ted in Malaysia. The definition, therefore, also includes foreign citizens residing in Malayisa. /b Includes institutions channeling funds of individual Bumiputera such as the Muslim Pilgrim Saving and Management Authority (LUTH), MARA Unit Trust Scheme, cooperatives, and ASN Scheme. /c Shares held through institutions classified as trust agencies such as The National Equity Corporation (PNB), National Corporation (PERNAS), The Council of Trust for Indigenous People (MARA), State Economic Development Corporations (SFDCs), Development Bank of Malaysia (BPMB), Urban Development Authority (UDA), Bank Bumiputera Malaysia Berhad, Kompleks Kewangan Malaysia Berhad (KKMB), and Food Industries of Malaysia (FIMA). It also includes the amount of equity owned by Government through other agencies and companies which have been identified under the Transfer Scheme of Government Equity to Bumiputera. Id Includes shares held by nominees and locally controlled companies. if Refers to the difference between the total assets in Malaysia and total liabilities in Malaysia of the companies incorporated abroad. 7 Excludes Government holdings other than through trust agencies. ources: Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-90, Table 3.8 (for 1985); Fourth Malaysia Plan, Table 3.14; Mid-Term Review of Fourth Malaysia Plan, Table 3-12. (Original sources were Department of Statistics, The Ownership Survey of Limited Companies, 1971-82, records from the Registrar of Companies, 1983-85, and data from various trust agencies.)