E1 263 VOL. 5 Certificate No.of the Consultant:No.2303 Meicun--Longbu Highway ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Client: Ganzhou Hongtai Highway Construction^Žo:,Ltd i ~~Compiler: Jiangxi Provincial Environmental ProtectionwScien-tific Research Institute.I * T,. .S~~~Nvebe,20 Meicun-Longbu Highway Environmental Impact Assessment Report Compiler: Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Scientific Research Institute Certificate No. of the consultant: No.2303 Director: Huang Yun Senior Engineer(ES) [Qualification Certificate No. A 23030026] Vice Chief Hu Xiaohua Senior Engineer (ES) [Qualification Engineer: certification No.A23 03 001 Hu Xiaohua Vice Research Fellow [Qualification Technical Review: certification No. A 23030007] Xu Zuotao Assistant Engineer [QUalification Project Leader: certification No. A 23030033] Participants: Li Xianghong Vice Research Fellow[Qualification certification No.A23030028] Xu Changxiu Engineer [Qualification certification No.A23030036] Zhong Huiming Assistant Engineer [Qualification certification No. A23030042] Implementer of Ganzhou Municipal Environmental Monitoring Monitoring: Station 2 CONTENT I General Introduction .............................1 1I.1 Background of project and assessment category ..................................... I 1.2 Assessment procedures ..................................................................... I 1.3 Assessment purposes ........... 2 1.4 Basis for compilation ........... 2 1.5 Scope and tine horizon of the EIA ........... 3 1.6 Class and point of the EIA ........... 4 1.7 Major content of EIA ........... 5 1.8 Major Objects under Environmental Protection ........... 5 1.9 Assessment standard ........... 12 1.0 Assessment method ..................1.....4............. ... 14 2 Project Overview .............. 15 2.1 Geological position of the project and direction of alignment ............................................... 15 2.2 Significance of the project .......................................................................... 15 2.3 Present condition of the existing roads ......................................................................... 15 2.4 RLin of the route in recommended program and major controlling points ................................. 16 2.5 Scale and standard of recommended program ................................................................. 16 2.6 The main technical indicators .......................................................................... 16 2.7 Traffic forecast .......................................................................... 1 8 2.8 House relocation and movement situation ....................................................................... 18 2.9 Land acquired by project .......................................................................... 20 2.10 Earth borrowing & dumping sites .......................................................................... 20 2.11 Construction materials and condition of transportation ....................................................... 21 2.12 Estimates of investment & funds-collection .................................................................... 22 2.1 3 Schedule of construction progress .......................................................................... 22 2.14 Routes alternatives analysis .......................................................................... 23 3 Investigations and Assessment of Environmental Present Condition.....27 3.1 N at iral environm ent .......................................................................... . 27 3.2 Current status assessment of social environment . . ............................................................. 27 3.3 Ecological environment .......................................................................... 29 3.4 Assessment of water environment .......................................................................... 30 3.5 Assessment of acoustic environment .......................................................................... 32 3.6 A ssessm ent of am bient air .......................................................................... 33 4 Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures ............. 37 4.1 Assessment of ecological environmental impact ............................................................... 37 4.2 Water environmental impact forecast and assessment ........................................................ 51 3 4.3 Acoustic environmental impact forecast and assessment ............................................... 57 4.4 Ambient air impact forecast and assessment ............................................... 65 4.5 Solid wastes environmental impact analysis ............................................... 68 4.6 Social environmental impact ............................................... 69 4.7 Water and soil corrosion impact analysis ............................................... 73 5 Public Participation .................................... 79 5.1 Schedule of public participation investigation ............................................... 79 5.2 Results and method of individual interview and investigation ............................................... 79 5.3 Results and method of group interview ............................................... 81 5.4 Main problems and treatment results ............................................... 82 5.5 Information disclosures and feedback ............................................... 83 5.6 Summary of the public participation ................................................ 83 6 Conclusion .................................... 84 6.1 Present condition and impact analysis of environment along the route ...................................... 84 6.2 Conclusion of comprehensive assessment ....................................................... 86 7 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan ........................... 88 7.1 Content of environmental management plan ....................................................... 88 7.2 Environmental management administration ....................................................... 89 7.3 Content of environmental management Plan ....................................................... 91 7.4 Environnental personnel training ........................................................ 95 7.5 Environimental protection cost estimation ....................................................... 96 LIST OF FIGURES Figure2.1 -1 Geographic Location of the Expressway from mei-cun to nong-bu Figure2.1-2 Alignment Strike of the Proposed Expressway and Distribution of Environmental Status Monitoring Spots ( I ) Figure2.1-3 Alignment Strike of the Proposed Expressway and Distribution of Environmental Status Monitoring Spots ( II ) Figure3.2-1 Land utility status of along the line Figure3.3-1 Location Connection of the Development Project and Natural Sanctuary Figure4.7-1 Layout of water and soil protection measure in the area of project Figure7. 1 -1 Highway Environmental Management Procedures Figure7.2- 1 Organization of Environmental Management 4 LIST OF TABLES Table 1-5-1 The Scope of the EIA for the Proposed Expressway Table 1-6-1 Assessment Category and Basis Table 1-8-1 Major Objects under Environmental protection of the Upgrading Expressway Tablel-8-2 AirEnvironment, Acoustic Environmental Sensitive Spots and Objects Under Environmental Protection (A) Tablel-8-2 Air Environment, Acoustic Environmental Sensitive Spots and Objects Under Environimiental Protection (B) Table 1-9-1 Limits Index of Soil Erosion by Water Intensity Tablel-9-2 Quality Standard of Earth's Surface Water Table1 -9-3 Ambient Air Quality Assessment Standard Table 1-9-4 Limits of Acoustic Environment Standard Table 1-9-5 Standard of "Limits of Noise in Construction Sites"(GB12523-90) Tablel-9-6 Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard Table 1-9-7 Bitumen Smoke(New Pollution Source)Emission Standard Table2-6-1 Main Technical Indicators of the Proposed Highway Table2-7-1 Results of Traffic Forecast for the Whole Line Table2-8-1 Area of Relocated Buildings in the Proposed highway Table2-9-1 Land Used by the Project Table2-10-1 List of Quantities of Earth Borrowing (Waste ) Sites Table2- 1 2-1 Plan of construction founds use Table2-13-1 The Whole Progress Schedule of Project Table2-14-1 comparison of alignment plan (I) Table2-14-2 comparison of alignment plan (II) Table3-4-1 Results of Water environment Monitoring Table3-4-1 Abstract of earth's surface water qLiality standard Table3-4-3 Results of Water Quality assessment Table3-5-1 Acoustic Environment Monitoring site Table3-5-2 Results of Acoustic Environment Monitoring Table3-6-1 Acoustic Environment Monitoring site Table3-6-2 Results of Ambient Air Monitoring Table3-6-3 Resuilts of Atmosphere Environmental Quality Status Assessment Table4-1 -1 proportion of land occupied by the project Table4-1-2 Computation for Loss of biomass in Highway Construction Table4-1-3 the section of poor geology Table4-1-4 protection of ecologic environment in the proposed highway Table4-2-1 Estimated Sewage Discharge from Bridge Construction Camp Table4-2-2 Scale of Major Assisting Facility in the Higlhway and Sewage Discilarge Table4-2-3Total or Cutting Amount of Various Pollutants before or after treated Table4-2-4 Mitigation measure of water environment impact in the proposed higilway Table4-3-1 noise grade of main construct machine in different distance Table4-3-2 Forecasted Value of Traffic Noise in the Whole Line 5 Table4-3-3 Forecast of Traffic Noise of Sensitive Spots along the Highway from mei County to Longbu Table4-3-4 Mitigation measure of environment impact in the proposed highiway Table4-4-] Mitigation measure of Ambient Air environment impact in the proposed highiway Table4-6-1 Mitigation measure of society disadvantage impact in the proposed highiway Table4-9-1 analysis of environment and economic benefit of environmental protection investment Table5-2-1 Summary of the Public Participation Survey results Table5-3-1 Objects of Grroup Interview Table7-2- I Duty of Environmental Management Organization Table7-2-2 Main Duties of Environmental Monitoring Organization Table7-3-1 Environmental Management Plan of the project Table7-3-2 Environmental Monitoring and Management Plan Table7-3-2 Environmental Monitoring Plan Table7-4-1 Environmental Protection training Plan Table7-5-1 Main content and cost of environment protection design of the project Table7-5-2 Major Environmental Protection Measures and Cost Estimation in Construction Phase Table7-5-3 Estimation of The project investment and cost including environment protection Table7-5-4 Envir-onmental Protection and Cost Estimation in Operation Phase Table7-5-5 Estimation of environment protection cost 6 Chapter one General Introduction 1.1 Background of project and assessment category The proposed provincial highway, from Meicun in Gan County to Longbu in Anyuan County, is an important highway crossing Gan-yue expressway, national highway323 and Jing-jiu railway. The construction project will benefit for the gathering and distributing of people and cargo in Jingjiu railway, speeding up highway network building, and improving comprehensive transportation network. It will save time in transportation between counties and counties to township. The hiighway is not only an important transporting passage from southern impoverished regions of our province to the special economic districts suchl as Guangzhou, Slhenzlhen, Shantou, Xiamen, and so on , also an important land transportation from coastal special economic district and harbor cities to inland. The construction project is helpful for improving traffic in impoverished region. it's a way to hielp villager to shake off poverty, strengthen relation to nearby regions, improve investment environment, develop local economy, drive related industries to develop and speed up the process of people's shaking off poverty and speed up economic development steps in Ganzhou. The hiighiway from Meicun in Gan County to Longbu in Anyuan will be divided into two sections to design and construction. The section A starts from Meicun in Gan coLinty, througil Xiaoben township, ends in Hetou Village in An Yuan county, whiclh is 15.622 km long. The section B is connected witlh section A. It begins Hetou County, passes Shuangyan County, and ends at Longbu in Anyuan County. It's 19.08735 km long. All roads add up to 34.74935 km. The project begin construction in October 2005, and finished in December 2006. This project is an activity of development which has profound impact on along the alignment social, regional economy. Its construction developments and being open to traffic will have great impact on the natural and social environment of the directly impacted areas. The mutual relation between project truthful story and environmental protection must be appropriately hiandled. According to the classification management of evaluation request of the World Bank, this project is Class A project wlhiclh is rebuilt and cross the residents' area etc environmental sensitive areas. The environmental impact evaluation work needs to be proceeded completely. 1.2 Assessment procedures According to the 253rd order of the State Council of <> and Ministry of Communications the 5th <>, Ganzhou Hongtai Highiway Construction Company Limited entrust Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Scientific Research Institute to take the work of environmental impact. The group of environment impact assessment was found for the project. So the group have conducted field survey, researched and collected some datum of the present condition of environment of reconstructed alignment. Be based on this work, according to the national related requirement and regulation, and in accordance with the technical norm of National General Administration of Environmental Protection and Ministry of Communications, we edit << Environmental Impact Assessment term of Meicun(GanCounty)-Longbu(Anyuan County) Provincial Highway No.234 >>. According to the term, we began Monitor and investigation of current statis, and finished I the report of environment impact of the project. 1.3 Assessment purposes ( I ) Qualitatively or quantitatively analyze, forecast and assess the present condition of society, economy as well as environment and the range and extent about the future impact. From the point of environment-protection, to prove highways-construction and its rationality of alignment selection. (2) Frame practical environment protection measure and counter alternative as well as feed back designs and construction of the projects. So as to reduce or mitigate adverse environment impact that resulting from engineering developments. (3) PLit forward management plan in the construction and operation period of the project. And offer assisting information and scientific basis for social and economic development in areas along the project, town developments and environment protection program 1.4 Basis for compilation 1.4.1 Related laws and rules I ) << Environmental Protection Law of People's Republic of China >> (Dec.26.1989) 2) << Law of Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention and Control of the People's Republic of Clhina >> (Oct.29. 1996) 3) << Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China >> (May. 15.1996) 4) << Law Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China >> (April.29.2000) 5) << Law of Solid Wastes Pollution Prevention and Control of the People's Republic of Chinia >> (Dec.30. 1995) 6) << Environimental Impact Evaluation Law of the People's Republic of China>> (Sept. 1.2003) 7) <> (June.29.1991) 8) << Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China>> (August.29.1998) 9) << Highway Law of the People's Republic of China>> (July.3.1997) 10) <> [State Council Directive No. 253,] (Nov. 18, 1998) 1 1) << Regulations Concerning Environmental Protection Management for Communications Construction Project >» [(2003) MOC Directive No.5] 1 2)<< EIA Technique Guidelines>>[HJ/T2.1 -2.3-93,HJ/T2.4-1 995,HJ/TI 9-1997, NEPA] 13) <> [JTJO05-96, Ministry of Communications] 14) << Regulations Concerning Environmental Protection for Construction Project in Jiangxi Province >>(July. 1.2001) 15) << Regulations Concerning Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Jiangxi Province >>(March.2003) 16) << Regulations Concerning Course of River Management of the People's RepLIblic of China >>(Jill. 10.1988) 17) <>( State Council Directive No.257,Dec.27.1998) 18) << Natural area Regulations of the People's Republic of China >> (Dec. l.1994) 19) << Regulations Concerning Natural area Land Administration>> (July.24.1995) 2 20) << Methods Management of taken-over land in Jiangxi Province >>(Dec.22.200 1) 21) Jiangxi Province puts<< Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China >> into practice.(April.16.1994) 22) <>. (Transportation &Communication issue [2004] (No. 1 64 Ministry ofCommumications,April.6.2004) 1.4.2 Related files of the project (1) <> (Ganlan Institution of Highway Investigation and Design in Jiangxi province, April, 2005) (2) << Two-stage Preliminary Design of Gan -Feng Road Highway (mei country to he tou) Highway Engineering>>(Head office of the corporation of highway Engineering Consults and Inspection and controlling of China August,2005) (3) < Two-stage Preliminary Design of sha -yuan Road Highway (hetou country to Longbu) Highway Engineering>> (4) <> (Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences, August, 2005). (5) << Trust Book on Environment Impact Assessment>> which is signed by Hongtai Highway Development Limited Liability Company of GLianzhou and Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Science 1.5 Scope and time horizon of the EIA 1.5.1 The Scope of Evaluation According to << Technique guideline of Environment Impact Evaluation for Non-pollution Ecosystem Impact>> and << criterion of Environment Impact Evaluation of Highway Construction Projects >>, scopes of evaluation are settled 1.5.1.lEcosystem environment The scope of evaluation of ecosystem environment impact is primarily defined in habilat of the wild plants and animal, and water and soil erosion area. The scopes of evaluation to habitat of the wild plants and animal are intended to be set up in both sides of the highway central line whicl is 200 meters away from each side. The range of evaluation on the impact of water and soil erosion area is extended to borrowing, waste bank and construction access roads. 1.5.1.2 Acoustic Environment Evaluation scope of environment noise is 200 meters away from both sides of the higlhway that will be constructed. 1.5.1.3 Social Environment Evaluation scope of society development, residents' living quality and house-relocation impact has been defined for Gan County and An Yuan County. Evaluation scope of infrastructure is 200 meters away from both sides of the highway that will be constructed. Evaluation scope of cultural relic and historic site is also 200 meters away from both sides of the highway that will be constructed. Evaluation scope of resources exploitations and use were extended moderately to the direct impact area. Evaluation Scope of Lutility value of land is the permanently acquired land on which the highway will be constructed. Evaluation Scope of landscape environment impact is the land that is 200 meters away and in which there is special landscape belt. 3 1.5.1.4 Water Environment Evaluation scope of water environment impact is 200 meters away from the center of both sides of the devising highway. That is, the involved water area and the water area range from an upper stream 200 meters to downstream 1000 meters that lay the bridge seat of crossing river big bridges. If there is a drinking water source which is prescribed by local government in the scope of evaluation, the range can be enlarged another 1000 meters. Small rive in tao rive area was defined in this scope of evaluation. The points of evaluation are the roads along banks and river courses that are acquired. (Including those temporarily acquired) 1.5.1.5 Air environment Evaluation scope of Air environment impact is in the range of 200 m away from both sides of the center line of the devising highway. Tablel-5-1 General Chart of Environment Impact Evaluation of the proposed Highway Environment NO. factor Scopes of evaluation Area inside 200 m away from both sides of centerline of 1 ~~Ecosystem I .environment highway, and places of borrowing and discarding of earth and stones.(residue) Areas inside 200 in away from both sides of center line of 2 Acoustic highway, and its sensitive points. Scope of evaluation should be environment enlarged moderately if there are main sensitive points(city programming areas, schools, hospitals, etc) Sensitive points inside 200 in away from both sides of center 3 Social line of highway (such as resident places, schools, hospitals, environment cultural-protection unit etc) and areas being impact directly by the highway Areas inside 200 in away from both sides of center line of 4 Water highway, and water areas ranges from an tipper stream 200 in to environment downstream 1000 in of the bridge seat of crossing river big bridge Areas inside 200 in away from both side of center line of 5 Air environm-nent Ihighway, and its sensitive points. Scope of evaluation should be enlarged moderately if there are main sensitive points (city programming areas, schools, hospitals, etc) 1.5.2 The Time of Evaluation Estimation The time of projects evaluation is divided into construction period and operation period, In operation period, the estimation of limitation of years takes the three period of the I st, the 1 0th and 20th year of the higlhway finishing construction. This project planed to construct in 2005 October, and accomplishi September in 2006.Therefore, evaluation time of project construction period is 2005-2006, the estimation and evaluation tine of the operation period is the year of 2007, the year of 2017 and the year of 2027. 1.6 Class and point of the EIA 1.6.1 Class of the EIA 4 In accordance with (K Technique guideline of Environment lImpact Assessment )) . (HJ/T2:12.3--93, HJ/T2.4-1995, HJ/Tl9-1997), the evaluation grade of each special subject of this project are prescribed, and you can refers to table 1-6-1. The evaluation of social environment is carried out on the basis of the requirement of ((Evaluation Norm (trial) of Environment lImpact of Development ProJ ect of Highway)) (JTJO05-96) Table 1-6-1 the Grade and Basis of Evaluation Special subject Basis Grade Sensitive points of the projects development areas Acoustic are carried out the 1,2,4 class Standard of Environment GB3096-93.The change of Population that are suffered is not very large Air environment The amount of discharge of TSP, NO2 etc, is less III Affected scope is less than 50km 2; the decrease of Ecosystem-n amount of living creatures is less than 50%; Affects of III environment the main line engineering to species variety is small environment of The amount of discharge of polluted water is small, earth surface Water and composition r is simple 1.6.2 Points of EIA The Points of work is evaluation about ecosystem environment impact during construction, Acoustic environment impact during operation period, public participation and environment manage. 1.7 Major content of EIA The main contents of evaluation work includes: Analysis of project environmental impact, evaluation of social environmental impact, evaluation of ecosystem environment impact, evaluation of acoustic environmental impact, evaluation of water environmental impact, evaluation of Air environment impact, analysis about poilution of accidents to environment risk ,analysis of impact of solid waste on environment. 1.8 Major Objectives under Environmental Protection According to the alignment plan provided by ((Feasibility Study of project )) , through field investigation along the line, the targets of environmental protection includes mainly the forest vegetation, farmiland, rivers, schools, villages, town residents' area etc. Concrete environmental protection target and its relation with the rebLuilt highway were indicated in the table 1-8-I.The Air environment, sensitive spots of acoustic environment and the targets protected were indicated in the table 1-8-2. 5 Tablel-8-1 The main targets of environmental protection in the rebuilt highway Nearest Environ-mental protected Numbers of distance away factors argets central stake from road center(m) House migration relocation ,constructi village on, land acquired for Society engineering environment Along lineHouse telecommunic relocation ,constructi -ations, Areas involved _ electricity on, land acquired for lines engineering The whole alignments ,espe Water cially the high cosrvo fill and deep dig. Roadbed engineering conservation "Three sites" of along line engineering Ecological land acquired for environment farmland Areas involved cross engineering Secondary rain forest Areas involved cross land acquired for Cluster engineering "Three sites" Borrow pits, waste ecosystem Areas involved banks, sand stone environment sites Construction ,borrow pits, waste banks. Implement Henx ri K10+275 - road maintenance, GB3838(aSta Hengxi river cross K10+856 land acquired for ndard of engineering, bridge Environment environment culvert engineering Quality of Jiakou river K75+635 cross earth' surface Shuangyan Water)> K77+235 cross river 6 Table 1-8-2 Sensitfve spots of Air environment, acoustc environment and targets of protection number Name of sensitive spots picture Number of stake KO+850 Distance from the central line of the road Right side 10- 150 (m) Difference of height +3.0 (in) Orientation of the 1l.Zhuangcun house Mainly facing west In the scope of evaluation and targets of environmental protection, there are households, with 250 persons. The houses are Environmental features comparatively scattered. The rebuilt high primarily passes through the sensitive spots, and from flank. Surrounding plant is mainly moso bamboo, fir. Number of stake K1+100 Distance from the central line of the road Both sides 10'100 (m) Difference of +2.0 height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing south to north The sensitive spots stand at 2.Paijiao the foot of hills. There are township grade road passing through it. The rebuilt highway goes round canners from the left Environmental side of current highway. In features Paijiao , there are over 50 households, with about 300 people, which are scattered. Basically they are in the scope of evaluation and targets of environmental protection. 3.Niangkeng Number of stake K3+500 Distance from the central line of the road Both sides 10-150 (m) 7 Difference of +0.0 height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing south The sensitive spots stand at the foot of hills. They are distributed on both sides of the current road. The rebuilt high basically passes through the sensitive spots along 3 - Environmental the current road. At present, there features are residents about 60 household, with 200 people. They are comparatively intensive. they are in the scope of evaluation and " __ targets of environmental protection Number of stake K8+300-K8+900 Distance from the central line of the road Beyond left side 15m (m) Difference of ±1.5 height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing east to west The sensitive spot lie on the slope. And it is distributed on both sides of the current 4.Xiaoben countryroad. The rebuilt highway passes through from rear hills of south of current highway. In Xiaoben, now there are resident's over500 households, Environmental features with 5000 people or so. They are more scattered. There are about 160 households in the scope of evaluation and targets of environmental protection. There are about 1600 people are affected. The rebuilt high primarily passes through the sensitive spots, and from flank 5.Xianren Number of stake K9+450-K9+850 8 shui Distance from the central line of the Both sides 10-200 road (m) Difference of height(m) +1.0 Orientation of the house Mainly facing south to north Residents in Xian Renshui live mainly along the current road. The rebuilt high basically passes through the sensitive spots . along the current road. At present, there are 82 households of Environmental residents, with about features 300people.They are comparatively intensive. They are _. basically in the scope of evaluation. The rebuilt high primarily passes through the sensitive spots, and from right direction Number of stake K10+500-K10+700 Distance from the central line of the Right side 10-100 road (m) Difference of height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing south to north Residents mainly live along 6.Guo the right side of the current road. Luxia The rebuilt highway passes by the side of current highway. At present, there are 20 households Environmental of residents, with about 100 features people. They are comparatively intensive. They are basically in the scope of evaluation. The rebuilt highway primarily passes through the sensitive spots, and from flank.. Name Number of stake Pictures 9 Distance from the central line of the K67+600-K67+950 road (m) Difference of Left 30m+20m height(m) Orientation of +3.0 the house Environmental 7 Hetou features Mainly facing south or north Village The residents mainly live on the left side of the present road and the road being passed through the side of the existing road, Number of stake which lead to this sensitive spot by side the village there are 100families with a population about 500,mainly in the scope of evaluation Number of stake K75+400 Distance from the central line of the Left: 70m road (m) of Difference o 8Daokeng height(m) primary school Orientation of Mainly facing south or the house north The proposed road passes Environmental through this sensitive spot with the sensitive spot facing the road, features at present, there are about 100 teachers and students 9 Number of stake K76+900 Shuangyuan Distance from Middle School the central line of the Left: 60mi road (m) Difference of height(m) -10.0 Orientation of the house Mainly facing south 10 The road to be built mainly comes through this sensitive spot Environmental by flank, the present road pass features through this area by side, There is 2 storey building with 400 teachers and students Number of stake K77+300 Distance from the central line of the Left: 20m road (m) Difference of +0.0 A 10 height(m) Shuangyuan Orientation of elderly house the house Mainly facing south The road to be constructed M ' comes through this sensitive spot Environmental facing the road, The present road - features passes through this area by flank, which has about 20 elderly people lived in flats of brick made Number of stake K79+300-K79+800 Distance from the central line of the Right 35m 120(m) road (m) Difference of - -6.0 height(m) Orientation of the house Right 35m 120(m) Residents mainly live by the 11 Gu ying right side of the present road. The village road being constructed passed by - the side of the present road to be pulled down. At present, there are Environmental more than 100 families with a features population of more than 500, which is comparatively dense, nearly all in the scope of evaluation. The road being built comes through this sensitive spot facing the proposed road 12 Nanche Number of stake K80+800-K81+000 dam Distance from the central line of the Left 35m i120m road (m) 11 Difference of +3.0 height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing south Residents mainly live along the left side of the road, the road being built passes by the side of the present road, some part of the houses by the road need to be Environmaental pulled down. At present, there are about 20 families with a features population about 100, comparatively dense, nearly all in the scope of evaluation. The road being built passes through the sensitive spots straight forwardly. Number of stake K83+300-K83+500 Distance from the central line of the Right 100m road (m) Difference of -13.0 height(m) Orientation of the house Mainly facing south 13 Xishan group in Shang The residents mainly live Lin village along right side of current roads. The rebuilt highway passes through side of current roads. At Environmental present, there are 140 households features of residents, with 600 people or so. They are comparatively intensive. And they are distributed in places beyond 100 m away from the roads. 1.9 Assessment standard To meet investigation requirement of currency condition environmental impact along the line,. Assessment standard were applied as follow 1.9.lAssessment standard of water and soil conservation Carry out the standard of the Ministry of Transportation & Communications (JTJO05-96) ((Assessment of Environment impact of Highway construction Projects Norm(trial) )) The concrete standard value refers to the table 1-9-1. 12 Table 1-9-1 Limited Value of classified Index of Water Power Erosion Class Eroding Module (t/k m' Year) I The tiny degree in erosion <500 II.The light degree in erosion 500---2500 III.The moderate degree in erosion 2500---5000 IV.The strong degree in erosion 5000---8000 V.The extremely strong degree in erosion 8000---15000 1.9.2 Assessment standard of Water Environment Quality of Earth's Surface The scope include the branch of Tao rive and An Yuan rive, the function category of water environment is Grade III, and carry out Grade III standard of ((Quality Standard of Earth's Surface Water Environment)) (GB3838-2002). The concrete standard value refers to the table 1-9-2. Table 1-9-2 Quality Standard of Earth's Surface Water Environment Category of water quality PH CODC, Petroleumi- Grade III 6-9 20mg/L 0.05mg/L 1.9.3 Assessment standard of Environment air Quality The quality of Air environment of area along the alignment belongs to grade II of function zone, and is carried out Standard II of ((Quality Standard of Air environment)) (GB3095-1996). The concrete standard value refers to table 14-3.1n this table, the value nitrogen dioxide, according to the Bureau of Environment Protection issued [2000] No. 1 file, and has been modified. Table 1-9-3 Quality Standard of Air environment Unit: mg/Nm3 Name of Pollutant TSP Nitrogen dioxide Carbon Monoxide Limit of Average 0.3 0.12 4.00 density of a day value(Second Daily 0.24 10.00 class) average 1.9.4 Assessment standard of acoustics Environment The Standard in operation period is carried out according to the National General administration of Environiment Protection environment issue [203] No.94 ((Notice About Environment Influence in Highway, Railway (including light railway) etc. Construction Projects)) During the construction period, carries out the standard of ((Noise Limited Worth of Boundary of Building Construction Site)) (GB 12523-90),refers to 1-9-4 and 1-9-5 Table 1-9-4 Standard Limited Value of Environment Noise, Unit: dB (A) Type Daytime Nighttine Outside of schools, hospitals (sanatorium, the old folks' 60 50 home Acoustic environment function and Standard of carrying out of other areas of the highway are prescribed by local people's government. It is carried out according to the affirming correspondence of the standard of evaluation of environment influence of the Bureau of Environment 13 Protection in the city of Ganzhou. Table 1-9-5 (Noise Limited Value of Building Construction Sites)) (GB 12523-90) Unit: dB (A) Construction contents Main source of noise Limited value of noise Daytime Nighttime Cubic Meter of Earth and stone BLil1dozer, Excavator, and Loader 75 55 Pile driver 85 Prohibition Pile driving against construICtion Concrete structure Concrete mixer, Vibrator Stick 70 55 1.9.5 Discharge standard Waste water in the construction sites drainage ClasslIl accepted water. whiclh carried out the first class standard limited value of ((Standard of sewerage comprehensive Discharge)) (GB8978-1996). The smoke of asphalt is carried out ((Standard of Synthesize Discharge of Air Pollution)) (GB 16297-1996). The concrete standard value refers to table 1-9-6.and table 1-9-7 Table 1-9-6. ((Standard of sewerage comprehensive Discharge)) Projects PH CODC,. BOD5 SS Petroleum A Class Standard 6-9 lOOmng/L 20mg/L 70mg/L Smg/L Table 1-9-7. Discharge Standard of smoke of asphalt (new polluted source) Unit: mg/Nim3 The limited value of supervising and The most density of Pollutant process . controlling density that is discharged allowed discharge wtotbidu without build up Smoke No existing of obvious non-buildLIp of melting and agitation 4-7 icag of of slat40--75 discharge of asphalt asphalt 1.10 Assessment method The highway project has the following characteristics as many environment sensitive points, long route and widely affected areas. Base on the spot investigation for the project, except the few sensitive points as along line resident places, schools etc, environment condition of the other maini sections are certainly alike. Therefore, the assessment is carried out in accordance with the principle of "Mainly using points to take the place of section, combination of points and section, feeding back the whole line" (1)Road assessment: According to the environment characteristics division of road section, such as traffic volume, engineering, geography, weather... etc, it's analyzed and estimate. (2) During the operation period, assessment of acoustic environment mainly adopts mode estimating methods to calculate, and analyze. The evaluation of ecosystem environment, Air environment, water environment and soil erosion adopts methods of investigating and analogical analysis. Social environment, living quality and the participation of the public adopts the methods of investigation and analysis. (3) For the main environment protection targets, adopts estimation one by one. 14 Chapter two Project Overview 2.1 Geological position of the project and direction of alignment The project lies in the south of Jiangxi, from north to soutil cross five counties, starts Meicun in Gan County, and ends Longbu in An Yuan county. Geological position of the project is indicated in the Fig 2.1-1, and alignment is in the fig 2.1-2 and 2.1-3. 2.2 Significance of the project (I ) To meet the need of trunk highway network construction of Jiangxi province The highiway construction of Jiangxi province is weak, and there is speed development of highway construction in these years. As a conjunction line of Ruijin to Ganzhou expressway, is one of its important organism constitute part. It is benefit for Ganzhou highway network to form soon, and as soon as possible bring into plan fuinction. (2)To meet the demand of the regional social economic development Backward transportation condition of the area along the project affected seriously circulates and turnover of goods and passengers. The current economy of Ganzhou City compares to that of the whole country is still more backward, there is still 8 national classes poor county so far. the project will widely improve district transportation condition, and quicken extrovert type economic development in Ganzhou. (3)To help people in the poor area to shake off poverty and build up fortune There are abundance resource along the line of the project, but economic is backward and people' living is poor. So the project could improve the condition of transportation in area, the utility and exploitation of resource along the line will be largely accelerated, and living level will be raisecl (4) To meet the increasing traffic demand According to the forecast of the recently traffic volume, estimating traffic volume will be 2326veh./ day in2007. Persons and car mixes to drive in the along line current highway and Part of the road in a mountain is precipitous curved nasty, which serious interference highiway transportation, and make traffic accident frequently occur. Therefore, highway grade must be improved. According to prediction of the traffic volume, average traffic volume of the proposed project can attain 4703 veh./a day in 2027. So the project will improve people's going oLit term, decrease traffic accident, and meet to the request of transportation development. (5) To meet the demand of the development of tourism industry The proposed highiway area is rich in tourism resources, with pleasant weather, and there are not only revolutionary historical sites but also beautiful landscape. The project will promote the formation of traveling passage quickly along the line, satisfying traveling convenient and comfort. Therefore, it is necessary to tourism industry 2.3 Present condition of the existing roads The present road was build fifty years ago, which connected Meicun in Gan coLinty with LongbLu in Anyuang county. The road was made of sand and stone , grade is low and pavement is 15 very narrow and bad. The transportation conditions of the road don't meet the need of people out, and limit economic development in region. 2.4 Run of the route in recommended program and major controlling points Alignment of the rebuilt highway start Meicun in Gan County, through PaiJiao, NiangKeng, Xiaoben , Hetou etc, end in Longbu town.in Anyuan county Its geographical position locates the northern latitudes 24 °52 '- 26 °]7' , eastern longitude 114 042 '- 115°37'. The main controlling points of the recommended alternative alignment are Meicun, Xiaoben, ShLiangyan Counity and Longbu county. 2.5 Scale and standard of recommended program According to "Ganzhou city initially designed of the highiway from Meicun to Long Bu two stages (KO+000-K]5+661.91)"(In the following called section A)and "Shayuan Road Hetou to Long Bu the constrLiction of two sections will be initially designed (K64+900 - K84+003.58)"(just called section B)recommended the alignment alternative. The whole length of highway in recommended program is 34.74935 km. On the basis of the result of the prediction of traffic volume and traffic, following the (JTGB01-2003), The Technique standard of highiway engineering will be constructed in the second level, whicil the design speed respectively are 60km/h and 40km/h and width of subgrade are IOin and 8.5m. In section A, soil and stone of subgrade need 869.556 thousand cubic meters, including soil is 39.6301 ten thousand cubic meters and stone 473.255 thousand cubic meters. There are three middle bridges, 101 meters long, and fifteen Small bridges, 430 meters long. There are 70 culverts, and are 1240.78 meters long. In Section B, stone and soil of subgrade need 13 11.9 thousand cubic meters, including soil is 55.44 ten thousand cubic meters and stone is 757.5 thousand cubic meters. There are six middle bridges, 232.24 meters long, and there are 1 00 culverts, 2772.9 meters long. Manage and maintenance of pavement utilizes current facility and person, in the same time, sign of the traffic and line mark are made in the whole route. There are 11 crossing in the whole line. There are 7 in the section from Meicun to Hetou, and 4 in the section from Hetou to Longbu .Because of the roads intersection are all country road or farming tractor road, grade low, little traffic, crossing design adopt corner connect to coninect with the presenit alignment . In order to assure the traffic safety, In the highi embankment and head of the bridge section, reinforced concrete post was designed According to (KRegulation of Road Traffic Sign and Line Sign)) (GB5768-1999) , to set up reinforced concrete milestone ,post., and warning sign in the dangerous section, sign of place name was indicated in the main place, which was made of steel-tube post, and glisten sign. 2.6 The main technical indicators According to prescription of the Ministry of Commiunication<> (JTJ00I-97), the main technical index for the rebuilt highway refer to table 2-6-1 16 Table 2-6-1 The main technical indication of the rebuilt hiighway Index sign value Remarks NO Name of Unit Whole index sign Section A Section B Section Grade of Grade 11 Grade 11 Grade 11 highway Speed Km/h 60(40) 40 calculated A Tr-affic vehicle/d 5100 4703 Traffic volume in the future volume aytime and night Section A, whose width of roadbeds is lOm, will be I0000km. According to ((The Report about Feasibility L ength1 km 15.662 19.08735 34.74935 Study of Engineering )) the length of whole line is34.16kim. short lane is 0.58935kn Subgrade in 10(8.5) 8.5 width Width of vehicle m 8.5(7) 7 roads Minirmum radius of' m 61.217/1 90/1 horizontal Cuirve Protrudin Minimum i In 1000/1 1100/1 radius of g vertical curve sunken m 1000/1 1200/1 Maximum longitudinal in/p 6.9/2 370/1 grad lace Length of the shortest 150.00 m 210 slope 0 Grade Grade vehicles load of the two of two of bridge design road road Designing fi-equency of 1/100( 1/100 Bridge: 1/5(O flood 1/50) 17 2.7 Traffic forecast The traffic forecast volume of this project completed as the following table 2-7-1. Table2-7-1 Traffic volume of Meicun-Longbu in each programming year ( pcu/ d) Amount\of prediction Traffic volume of vehicles Adding up buses Wagon 2007year 2326 705 1621 201 7year 3562 1111 2451 2027year 4703 ]1500 3203 2.8 House relocation and movement situation This project dismantle and move houses 16743 im2, including brick buildings 1488 m2, brick concrete a building 1144 in2, wood house 13964 m2, Pig stockade and toilet 1654 I2, tomb13 circumstance of house relocation and move refer to the table 2-8-1 Table 2-8-1 General chart of house relocation and buildings movement S Types of bLlildings e Brick Kitch cemne en( mr r nt One- Toilet ceilin Buil store of a Brick g buildi ding y pigs Sites concr I Number of tile rem ng( Mn s hous and of tomb ete n stake buildi arks imad e cattle suns s (mZ LI ng(tfl e of mad stock hine ) soil e of ade( soil mf) e r 12.0 Sect I O1i0580 0 ion 1K0+800-- 90.0 300. A 2 KO+840 0 00 K11+120- 844. 3 1K1+280 0 35.0 4 K2+092 0 K3-+295- 302. 939. 85.0 5 1(3+890 00 0 0 18 K4+648- 326. 6 K4+680 0 K6+100- 288. 7 K6+140 0 K9+350- 240. 1555 8 _ K9+760 0 .0 K10+030- 473. 51.0 9 570 K 110+760 0 0 1 280. K13+980 0 0 _ 1 1428 148. total 4814 1 .00 0 I K66+620- Sect 60 120 84 1 2 K66+795 ion I K67+600- B 2085 144 12 49 468 2 3 K67+780 I K68+460- 366 96 4 K68+545 I K69+650- 384 112 5 K69+690 I K70+240- 4 1672 48 68 6 K70--390 I K72+520- 80 97 7 1(72±700 K73+420 61 48 8 I K74+200 - 105 25 9 K74+300 2 K75+100- 192 655 303 0 1x75+660 2 K76+690- 8 7 8 73 1 K76+920 2 K77+060- 735 1052 200 149 2 K77+875 19 stones can be collected on both sides of alignments of K] I +000'K15 +661,which quality can satisfy demand of the project . Collection and transportation is convenient. The main materials that are bougIlt from other places: Common cement can be obtained from Gannan cement works, fast-setting cement can be from Wannian to Gan zhou by railway, then be transported to construction sites by trucks. Steel can be boughlt in Ganzhou or Xinyu city. Wood can be bought from the region, and then be bought to sites by trucks. Section B: On the whole alignments , there are altogether 3 quarries , I sand material site and 3 soil-borrowing sites, water can use from along line. Jinqiu stone material site lie in Hetou village Anyuan county, stake number is k65+920 numliber is K65, distance of branch line 0.2 kilometers. which can satisfy the requests of engineering, and can be used for the pavement, subgrade, bridges, culverts and the protection, draining engineering. Lime stone material site lie in Daokeng village, the stake number is K73 +280, the branch line distance is 0.5 kilometers. which can satisfy the engineering requests, and can be used for the culver, protection and draining engineering. Shuangyani material field: Located at ShLuangyan cun of Shuangyan township in Anyuan. the stake number is K73 +280, the branch line distance is 0.5 kilometers. whicih can satisfy the enginieering requests, and can be used in the pavement, subgrade, bridges, culverts and the protection, draining engineering. Tianxi sand site in Anyuan county: is located at Tianxi town of Anyuan county. the stake number is 1C73 +280, the branch line distance is 0.5 kilometers. which can satisfy the engineering requests, and can be used in every parts of the project. There are 3 soil borrow sites along line, and they are distributed on both sides of the main line. Quality of soil of is both low liquid limited glutinous soil and sand- containing low liquicl limited glutinous soil. 2.12 Estimates of investment & funds-collection this project invests total funds of 188650.227 thousand Yuan. In average, cost of one kilometer is 5371.4 thousand Yuan. Investment plan refers to table 2-12-1 Table 2-12-1 Forn of use alternative of finds of development Unit: ten thousand Yuan Types Money Proportion Funds of investment 18665.0277 100% Sources Collecting ftunds independently 15808.0277 84.690/c, of fuinds Bank of World 2857 15.3 1% 2.13 Schedule of construction progress This project is going to start work in October, 2005, and complete construction to be open to traffic in December, 2006. The tine limit for a project is 14 months. Table 2-10-1 .Brief Forn of Schedule of the Whole Process YrYear of 2005 Year of 2006 Projects of whole cour Research of feasibility Survey and design 22 Inviting bids for project Mobile, move and come into sites Three "through" and one "smooth" Cleaning off Bridges Period of Roadbeds construction Pavements Protection Along line facilities 2.14 Routes alternatives analysis 2.14.1 "Without the Proposed Expressway" Alternative Analysis The current highiway from Meicun in Gan County to Longbu in Anyuan County is substandard road. The pavement is primarily made up of sand and soil, which is narrow. According to forecast to recent traffic volume of this road, the predicting traffic volume is 2326 vehicles/a day in 2007. The average traffic volume amount to 4703vehicles/adayin 2027.1t is hard to meet the demand of traffic volume. In this regard, the building of the proposed expressway will not only alleviate the traffic pressure, but at the same time also improve the traffic condition in the region. 2.14.2 Alternative comparison This proposed project is based on the present road to rebuild. According to the defined main controlling points, when choosing alignments alternatives, try to make use of the present alignment, optimize alignment. Considering cost of engineering, land utility and house relocation etc factors, the alternative design avert from important facilities and densely populated areas along the Iine. In the same time, comprehensive considering local government's opinions, and development status of social economy, layout of road net, environmental protection, terrain, geology. landform along line etc. the program plan two section to compares that lie Xiao cha and forest land of Jiao shuo kou 2.14.2.1 Summarize of Alternative alignment (I ) Xiaocha comparison section (K7+560- K9+530.5) ,1) the proposed route : Start the K7+560, through hill in north of Xiao Yu, overpassing Small River, end Xiatou village; strike number is a K9+530.5, 1.9705 kilometers long. C2)Alternative: Start the K7+560, along old road to xiao ben, turn left to Ya kou in northwest of Xiaoben, along hill side in Hongkeng, overpassing a small river, to cross with the old road, end Douxia village where connecting with proposed alignment ,the strike number is a K9+691.66(= main line k9 stake+530.5), long 2.3166 kilometers. (2) The comparison section of forest land in Jashui-kou (K10400-K15+661.91) (ODthe proposed route: starts at Guoluxia K 10+400, along the old road, to Jiashuikou, theni at Yakou of line along the left hand of the hillside to the boundary of two country. There is 5.66191 kilometers long. ZAlternative: start Guoluxia, the proposed alignment JD32 to tirn left . made straight through Yakou, then along the hillside of the old road right, to the boundary of two country It is 5.18957 kilometers. 2.14.2.1 comparison and choose of Alternative alignment (I) Comparing section in Xiaoben (K74-560-K9+530.5) 23 Comparison of the two alignments is indicated in table 2-14-l.The proposed alignment is recommended by comprehensive considering. Table 2-14-1. Comparison of proposed alignment and alternatives NO. Name of Items Unit Right line Comparing line Length of I Aligmength oKm 1.9705 2.13166 Alignm-ents Minimum radius of 2 .M 131.8 140 horizontal curve Maximum vertical 3 slope % 5.63 4.7 Cubic metre of earth 4 and stone of m2 75909 76370 roadbeds Drainage and 5 protection m2 573.8 898.7 engineering mi/a 6 Bridges bridge 17/1 18/1 rn/a 7 Culverts bridge 229/13 1725/14 8 Lands acquired Mu 69.7 69 9 Relocated houses 448 1920 HIouse relocation and moving of 10 Power system and M 197/4 900/10 tele- coimnminunications Ten thousa 11 Engineering cost nd 544.3340 546.2272 yuian This alignment is It is closer to fairs; there 161.16m shorter than are villages and house on the other one. It avoids both of the road. So it is towns and fairs. There popular with the crowds. Co.-nprehensive is little interruption, Shortcoming: the 12 Comprehensive 12 assessment and few bridge and alignment is long. And culverts. Fill and cut is there are more amouLIts of little. Shortcoming: it relocated houses and is faraway from fairs. electricity. Especially two So it is inconvenient high-pressure electrical for the crowds to do poles. It is difficult to 24 business beside the develop. There is larger road. There is little investment investment. 13 Recommending alternative (1) Comparing section in forest land of Jia-shuikou (K 10+400-K15+661.9) Comparison of the two alignments is indicated in table 2-14-2.The proposed alignment is recommended by comprehensive considering. Table 2-14-2. Comparison of proposed alignment and alternatives NO. Name of Items Unit Right line Comparing line 1 Length of Alignments Km 5.66191 5.18957 Minimum radius of 9 . ~ ~ ~~~M 61 .2 70 horizontal curve Maximum vertical 3 % 6.9 7 slope Cubic meter of earth 4 m2 403304 442101 and stone of roadbeds Drainage and 5 protection m 2 10682 14757 engineering 6 Bridges m/a bridge 396/13 351/13 7 Culverts m/a bridge 340.1/23 352/13 8 Lands acquired Mu 231 495 9 Relocated houses m2 664 495 House relocation and 10 moving of Power M 120/4 120/4 system and tele- communications Ten 11 Engineering cost thousand 3433.1482 3635.6362 yuan Less cubic meter of Shorter than right line, earth and stone of roadbeds esp. less having fine plate forms. excaatio and b But cubic meter of earth & excavation and big flanla i. stone of excavation is . ~~~~~~fill and large dig. Comprehensive . . ~~~~~~more than 90m, there 12 Comprehensive Vertical slope is assessm-nent fine. The number of being 4places reach 28m protecting high .Maximum of many engineering is less. protection engineering, Th road is Vertical slope is worse. The road Is 482.34m, lhaving The cost is big. 25 costing less. Recommending alternative According above, the proposed alignment is more better ,which the demand of soil and stone is fewer, and amount environment impact is lessening, and it avoids villages ,so it alleviates the influence of project construction on residents. In the same time, the cost of the proposed alignment is cheaper than the alternative, and effects on layout of present villages and important structures less than comparing alternative. The proposed alignment are recommended, whiclh avoid the region where population and economic is denseness, and don't pass natural reserve. There aren't type regional plant and animals the area of the project pass, hence, Environment impact is better low. 26 Chapter three Investigations and Assessment of Environmental current status 3.1 Natural environment 3.1.1 Terrain and geomorphology This project lies in southern Gan county and northern mountainous areas of Anyuan County. The terrain belongs to textured denudation hilly, and low hills are most. Incises of river ditch is deeper. Natural gradient is comparatively steep, usually is 30-45 degree. Its elevation is between 1 80-600m. Alignments mostly extend along gullies. Among them, Terrain of KO+100 and K9+200 are tiny hilly, elevation is between 180-320m, and relative elevation is between30-70m. Mountains are very steep. Gullies are long and deep in south-northi, short and shallow in east-west. Covering rate Of Natural vegetation is comparatively highi, and the main are low and short grass bush1. Terrain of K9+200-K15+661.57 is heavy hills, which elevation is usually between 270-500m, and relative elevation is between50-130m. gorge or canyon develops as "V" forn due to texture. Most mountains extends from south to north, ridges are basically clear, gradient are precipitous. Gullies are long and deep in south-northi. vegetation are mainly arbor and shrubbery. The alignment section in Anyuan County (K64 + 900-K84+003), where Variety of landforn is apparently, mountains are high and gullies are deep which erosion is comparatively hard, vegetation in the mountains develops fairly. 3.1.2 Meteorological condition The area passed by the proposed highway belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, character of cold winter and spring, hot summer and dry autumn. Rainfall focus on March to July The annual even value of rainfall is 1 839mm. the annual even value of temperature is 1 8.20C; the extreme lowest down to -7.5, and the highest up to 41. the annual average frost-free period is 263 day. 3.1.3 Hydrology Water body in the scope of assessment belongs to Tao River and branch of Anyuan River. Alignments (section A) form Meicun to Hetou lie at Hengxi river area, along Hengxi river upward. Tao river is source from Zhong tan mountain of Jiulian mountain of boundary of Ganyue, and it passes througIl Quan nan, Longnan, Xinfeng county, in the end, it is flowed into Gong river at Ginseng river whichi lie at boundary of Datian in Gan county and Maodian community. Tao Jiang River is 291 km long., water area is 7913m , which occupies 29.2% of Gong Shui River area. Heng Xi River is a mountain area river and deep, whichi flow volume is not large in common, but large and the flow velocity is rapid when flood break out. The alignment from iHe Tou to Long Bu lies in the water area of Jiajiangkou River and Shuang Yuan River that is branch of AnYan River, which belongs to the river system of Gang Jiang River. The speed of Anyan River flowing into Gong River is 0.4m3/s, and flow volume is 24.78m3/s the flow volume is I Om3/s and speed is 0.4m3/s. Beside, the trunk canal and its man-made irrigation canals in district is densely. So they construct the system of the earth surface water. 3.2 Current status assessment of social environment 3.2.1 Social economic condition in region affected on the project 27 The proposed highway from Meicun to Long Bu passed throughi Gan country and An Yuan country Ganzhou city. Gan Zhou city lie in on the up stream of Gan river and in south of Jiangxi province, which include fifteen countries, one district, and two cities. It has a population of 8.456,500 in 2004. the GDP of the city is 39.81 billion Yuan. 3.2.2.1 Gan country (I )Geographical position and natural condition Gan country belongs to the city of Ganzhou, and lies in the south of Jiang Xi province, 114°42' -1 15022'E and 25026'-2617'N. It closes to Yudu and Anyuan in the east, Xinfeng in the south, Nankang and Zhang gong in the west , and Wa'an and Xinguo in the north . The whole country locates at subtropical zone hilly areas where moist monsoon climate is. It has mild climate full sunshiine, and abundant rainfall. The average temperature of a year is 19.1 'C. ;the average rainfall volume is 1076.3 mm; Average time of frost-free is 298 days.. (2) Society condition It is 91km long from north to south and width is 34 km from east to west. Total areas are 2993 km. Total population of the country is 530,000, whicih administers 8 towns 16 townships, 315 villages, 3224 village groups. including Eleven nationalities Han , Zhuang , She , Hui , Miao Man , White . Dong, Buyi, Menggu , Naxi , etc. Gan country is only five kilometers away from Ganzhou city, and 12 kilometers away from golden Airport. 105 and 323 national highway, Jin-jiu railway pass through the county. There are abundant of special product in the county, suchi as: bamboo, oil tea, tung tree, resin; tobacco, peanut, jute, grapes, peaches, Litchi, pear, plum. persimmon...etc; the mine resouice is also rich, including: coal, copper, iron, cobalt soil, gold, barite, , limestone, marble.. .etc. (3) Main economic index In 2004, the whole county completes the Gross Domestic Product value 1895million Yuan, in accordance withi comparative price to compute, which has increased 12.5% than last year. the gross product value of industrial and agriculture amount to 26.73 million Yuan. Industrial gross production value 488 million Yuan has increased 28.5% than last year, The agriculture gross production value amount to 11.85 million Yuan, has increase 4.1% than last year. There is current farmiland in the whole county of Gan County 31.88 ten thousand mu, mountainous land 360.01 ten thousand mu, water area 23.8:28 ten thousand mu. 3.6.2.2 Anyuan county (1 ) Geographical position and natural condition Anyuan county lie in south Jiangxi Province, close to Huichang and Xunwu county in the east, Dingnan county in the south, Xinfeng county in the west, Yudu county and Gan County in the north. The geographic coordinates is E 115 °9 '52 "-1 15 037 ' 13 " , N 24 ° 52 ' 18 "-- 25 ° 36 ' 52 " The county belong to subtropics climate. The annual average temperature is I8.65'C'; the extreme lowest temperature is -2.6'C; the extreme highiest temperature is 36.8'C. the annual average rainfall volume is 1475.8 millimeters. The frost-free period 282 days ,whole year's sunshine hours are rougIlly 1775 hours. (2)General situation of the society The county of An Yuan subordinate to city Gan Zhou city, which includes five towns, sixteen villages, two hundred and forty -three administration villages, eleven district committees. The population of whole county has reached three hLindred and thirty-four thousand four hundred. The people's government of county locates at the town of Xinshan, one hundred and seventy km away 28 from the city of Gan Zhou. The county of An Yuan lies in the continue zone of Nan Lin mountain chain, is mid or low grade hilly. The distance between east and west is about forty-eight point eight km. The length between south and north is about eighty-four point six km. The total area is two thousand three hundred and fifty-one square km, among hilly is 82.68%. There are about 116 family and 755 species tree , and the living wood accumulates to 6,760,000 m3. Farmiand is 200,000 mu, including hilly area is 3,000,000 mu, covering rate forest is 78.4% Agriculture dominates in economic of the county, and the products include rice, soybeans, fruits, watermelons, tobacco, tea etc. (3) Main economic index In 2000, the GPP value in whole county amounts to 831,180,000 Yuan, has increased 3.4% that last year. , the first industry is 43032 ten thousand Yuan, the second industry is 13681 ten thousand Yuan, and the third industry is 26405 ten thousand Yuan. the pure income of each farmer in the whole county attains 1394 Yuan. In 2001, the GDP value in whole county amounts to 831,180,000 Yuan, and the per person GDP is 2,552 Yuan. The gross product value of industrial and agriculture amount to 957,250,000 Yuan, and the per person gross product value of industrial and agriculture amount to2, 850 Yuan 3.2.2 Current status of land utility in the areas of the project It can be seen from the map that land along the highway is mainly mountainous land. Current status of land utility refer to map 3.2-1 3.3 Ecological environment 3.3.1 Current status of plants and animal 3.3.1.1 Assessment of vegetation current status in project areas The assessment scope of vegetation is conifer forest, conifer and broad-leaved blending forest, and broad-leaved evergreen forest, t bushes, grass etc. Economic forest's area is smaller; there are some forest of the oil tea and orange wood by investigation. The agriculture vegetation is mainly rice field, and main cultivar is paddy rice. The dry land except the farmiland of slope plants the wheat, rape, bean and peanut etc. the characteristic of vegetation was introduced as follows: (1) Conifer forest Conifer forest is the most wide and main in the assessment scope. Pine and cedar dominate in group. Sometimes two trees forn the mixture forest. There is secondary conifer forest that is man-made in assessment scope, where primary conifer forest was destroyed. (2)The mixture forest of broad-leaved and conifer The area of mixture forest is small, where domination species are the Chinese red pine . Bushes include Rhododend7-on, oil tea. (3) Ever green and broad-leaved forest There are rarely the primary forest due to assart and hag, there are only the natural secondary forest in the village aside. Domination species include cyclobalanopsis , greenheart...etc., bushes contain, azalea, wild rose etc., the herbaceoIis is fern. (4) Bushes and grass cluster Bushes and grass cluster is nearby in the barely hill and small village. ca dominate in bushies, the others are BroLussonetia, symplocos ect. Grass have chrysanthemim. Artemisia capillaries and the grass family. In another area of the assessment scope, Bushes and grass cluster grow in acid 29 soil, whicih is forned by people effect. 3.2.1.2 wild animal present condition The familiar insect in the assessment scope contain locust, cicada, gnat, bee, mosquito etc, and the internal hydro-life resource is rich , mainly including fish, shrimp, shell, terrapin...etc. fish have fourteen family and forty species According to the investment, amphibian animal have one order, 3 family and 5 species. Reptile has 2 order, 8 family and 25 species. Birds have 13 order, 21family and 56 species. Animal has totally 6 order, 12 family and 19 species in the assessment scope. 3.2.1.3 Rare and in imminent danger species Rare and in imminent danger species does not discovered in evaluation scope 3.2.1.4 Natural area There is no through natural reserve in the project, so it don't produce negative impact on the natural reserve. 3.2.2 General situation of soil erosion The region is mainly hilly, in which the ecosystem environment is good, Water and soil conservation is better. Vegetation along the line has arbor and bushes. The soil erosion is slight 3.2.3 Important soil type There are mainly red soils, moisture, rice soil, yellow soil in area along the project, which is acidity. Cultivar soils have mainly moisture and rice soil. 3.4 Assessment of water environment 3.4.1 Monitoring of water quality current status Environment monitoring station of Ganzhou city finished the works. Monitoring factors: pH, Petroleum, SS, COD. Monitoring spot: lie in bridge of Shuanyuan river (K77+235), refer to Map 2.1-3. Monitoring frequency: Continue to adopt sample two days, morning and afternoon one for each . Monitoring method: Carrying out the nation rules of monitor analysis method. Results of water quality monitoring is indicate in Table3-3-1 Table 3-4-1 Monitoring results of water environment monitoring Monitoring Analytic items and result spot time pH Petroleum SS COD Morning September 7.48 0.02 53 9 2nd Shuangyan Afternoon bridge river September 7.44 0.02 48 9 section 2nd (K77+235) Morning location of September 7.45 0.06 44 9 bridge 3rd Afternoon September 7.45 0.03 45 9 3rd 30 3.4.2 Assessment of water quality current status (1) Evaluation method According to (( earth's surface water environment quantity standard )) ( GB3838-2002) adopting the method of single factor standard index proceed the evaluation, its formula is: S, = C, / CO S, -standard index of evaluation factor i C, -measuring concentration of evaluation factor i (mg/ L) C0 - Evaluation standard (mg/ L) The compute formula of pH standard index Sp/1 = (7.0- pH,) /(7.0 - pH,,1) pH < 7.0 S,, = (pH, - 7.0) /(pH,,, - 7.0) pH < 7.0 Sp,1 - Standard index of water quality single parameter pH pH, -pH of i pH ,, - The lowest limit value of pH in the standard of earth's surface water quality. pH ,, -he highest limit value of pH in the standard of earth's surface water quality If the single factor index of the water quality >I, which shows that the index exceeded the the standard, so already couldn't satisfy the request for usage. (1) Evaluation standard Water body of the assessment scope belongs to the branch of Tao rive, including Hengxi rive, Shuanyuan rive and Jia-jiangkou rive. Category of water environment function is III,carried out grade Illof (( standard of earth's surface water environment quantity)) ( GB3838-2002) among them the SS carries out the GB5084-92 (( the Standard of water quality of farmiand )) the detail value refer to the table 3-4-2. Table 3-4-2 environmental quality standard of earth's surface water Unit: mg/L (except pH) Types of water quality pH CODc, Petroleum SS GradeIll 6-9 20 0.05 150 (3)Result of evaluation Table 3-4-3 Result of water quality evaluation Rate of Fault of Project of Average Standard value Index of monitoring monitoring value of estimation single factor attaining the stand Shuangyan pH 7.455 6-9 0.2275 100% 31 bridge river SS 47.5 150 0.3167 100% section COD 9 20 0.45 100% (K77a-235) location of Petroleum 0.0325 0.05 0.65 100% b rid g e I__ _ _ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _ _ _ _ I__ _ _ _ _ I__ _ On the base of above result, the various pollutant index of monitoring profile conforn to the carried standard, index <1, which show that the current quality of water in the assessment scope, and satisfy with the grade III of (K carrying out earth's surface water environment )) ( GB3838-2002) 3.5 Assessment of Acoustic environment current status 3.5.lMonitoring of acoustic environment quality Monitor factor: equivalent noise level A LAeq; monitoring spot: According to investigate along the line and (K Feasibility Study of Engineering))as well as((Preliminary Design )) the representative sensitive point was defined for the environment present condition monitors district, indicated in the table 3-4-1, figure 2.1-2 and fig. 2.1-3 Table 3-4-1 Environments monitoring spot Serial The sensitive spots Alignment Remarks number central number NI Xiaoben K8+350 Village is N2 Daokeng high school K75+400 away from I m in the N3 Shuangyan High school K76+900 front of N4 Shuangyan Old fork's home K77+300 houses in the road side N5 Guying K79+700 school Is I m N6 Xishan group in Shanglin in front of village classroom Monitor frequency and Monitoring the method accord to GB/93 (K Urban environment noise: Tl4623 - measurement method )) . Each one monitors spot measure two days, and everyday two was divided two stage, which is day tine (06:00-22:00)and night time(22:00-06:00). monitoring for 20 minutes in each tine stage. While monitoring, record surroundings noise source, surroundings environment characteristic, vehicle flow etc. if the monitoring value is excess standard, the reason should be explained Monitoring result: indicated in the table 3-5-2 Table 3-5-2 Results of acoustic environment monitoring I'oints Location Result of monitoring dB(A) of of Points Date of Monitori Remariks Measuri of monitoring L1o Lso L90 Leq ng ng Measuring NI Xiaoben September 3rd Daytime 63.2 55.2 48.7 60.8 32 Points Location . . Result of monitoring dB(A) of of Points Date of tori ol Monitori Remarks Measuri of monitoring L1o L50 L0o Leq ng ng Measuring Night 46.9 43.2 39.9 44.3 Daytime 61.5 52.9 44.0 57.6 September 4th Night 47.0 43.3 39.1 44.2 Daytime 44.3 39.6 36.6 39.8 Daokeng September 3rd Night 38.8 36.9 36.2 37.2 N2 primary Daytime 44.0 39.0 36.5 39.5 school September 4th Night 38.9 36.5 36.0 37.4 Davtime 44.3 40.3 38.8 41.7 Shuangyan September 3rd Night 40.4 37.8 36.6 38.3 N3 primary Daytime 45.4 42.7 39.3 43.2 school September 4th Night 41.2 37.7 36.5 38.1 Daytime 44.5 41.8 38.9 42.3 Shuangyan September 3rd Night 38.6 36.8 36.3 37.0 N4 old folk's Daytime 44.1 40.0 38.5 41.4 home September 4th Night 38.8 36.9 36.4 37.2 Daytime 52.2 50.0 45.2 50.2 September 3rd Night 40.5 37.6 37.0 37.8 N5 Guving Daytime 52.7 49.8 46.0 50.5 September 4th_ Night 40.1 37.0 36.8 37.5 Xishan group in N6 Shanglin September 3rd Daytine 52.5 48.9 43.6 51.4 village 3.5.2 Assessment of acoustic environment quality ( I ) Assessment Standard Xishan group in Shanglin village is carried out grade Ilof ((Urban area Ambient Noise Standard)) ( GB3096-93) and the rest villages carries out grade IV. Special buildings such as Shuangyan high school, Daokeng primary school, the old folk's home etc, which are carries out the 60 dBs in the daytime and the 50 dB in the nighttine. (2) Assessment Method The acoustic environment quality in surrounding of the proposed project was indicated. according to the result that Leq of monitoring data statistics compare with the standard. (3) Assessment Results From the table 3-5-2, the Leq value in the village along the highway. X is 50.2 - 60.8 dB( A)in the daytime and is 37.5- 45.9 dB( A)in the nighttime. Leq value of shanglin and Xishan village satisfy grade II standard. Leq value of Xiaoben and Guying village satisfy grade RI. Leq value of the old folk's home and two schools are39.5( A)- 43.2 dB( A) in the daytime, and 37.2-38.3db(A)in the night, which satisfy grade II. On the base of monitoring data and analysis, acoustic environment condition along the 33 proposed highway is better, basically meet the standard request of (Urban area Ambient Noise Standard)) ( GB3096-93) 3.6 Assessment of ambient air 3.6.1 Monitoring of ambient air current status Monitoring factors: NO, and TSP. Monitoring spot: Following the rule 'the point representing the line', to choice the representative sensitive point along the highway, proceeds current status monitoring. Monitoring frequency: Continue to monitor 5 days, among them the day of N02 is all worth to adopt the kind to monitor everyday 24 hours, guarantee the valid data in 18 hours, the hour is all worth to adopt four tine method; The TSP is a for a day, the day is all worth to have 12 hours at least to adopt everyday the horary and average value in kind obtains the day average value. Monitors to prognosticate ( each ground direction of wind, wind velocity, air temperature...etc. that monitors time) with weather to proceed the record synchronously. Monitoring and analyzing method: adopt to ((Environmental monitoring Technical Norm )) and (K Monitoring and analyzing method of Air and the Waste Gas)) . Monitoring spot is indicated in the table 3-6-1, Fig.2.1-2 and Fig. 2.1-3 Table 3-5-1 Environmental air monitoring spot Serial Name of sensitive Central number of Remarks number spots stake of alignment Al Xiaoben K8+350 Big residents' areas which are near to rebuilt highway A2 Shuangyan High School K76±900 Important sensitive spots and close to roads Monitoring result is indicated in the table 3-6-2. Table 3-6-2 Envoronmental air monitoring result Unit: mg/m- Location and Monitore Stake of d Date September September September September September Monitoring Frequency Ist 2nd 3rd 4th 5th point projects Daily average TSP Daly 0.004 0.009 0.014 0.023 0.()28 value 7 00-8: 00 0.010 0.005L 0.006 0.010 0.006 Xiaoben 11 00-12 00 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.0)0)7 K8+350 14 00- 15 00 0.007 0.005L 0.006 0.005L 0.()05 AlI NO, 19 00-20 00 0.005L 0.017 0.005L 0.014 0.015 Daily average 0.006 0.009 0.006 (.008 0.((9 value Shuangyan Dailv average TSP 0.014 0.014 0.032 0.032 0.023 high school value K76+900 NO, 7: 00- 8 : 00 0.009 0.007 0.011 0.010 0.007 A2 11 00- 12: 00 0.009 0.005L 0.009 0.008 0.006 14 00-15 :00 0.012 0.006 0.022 0.010 0.(10 34 19: 00-20 : 00 0.019 0.019 0.010 0.006 1O.i Daily average 0.011 0.011 0.013 0.007 0.008 value I Analyzed results that have bottom mark L means that the examined value ol this project is Remarks lower than the lowest checked out of the method 2 The lowest checked out of the method is: N02 0.05mg/m3 3.6.2 Current status assessment (1 ) Assessment method: single factor exponent, formula follows: P, = C, / C, P,-exponent of factor i C - actual concentration of factor i C -assessment standard (2) Assessment standard The area t along the alignment belongs to the grade II of ambient air quality function, and is carried out ((ambient Air Quality Standard)) (GB3095-1996).Concrete value refers to table 1-9-3. (3) Assessment result Table 3-6-3 Result of air quality assessment Location andc Stake of \Aver age Skon itoring project Sep. Is Sep.2nd Sep. 3rd Sep. 3rd Sep. 5th value Freqouenca point I)aily average 0.004 0.009 0.014 0.023 0.028 0.016 value TSP Single factor 0.013 0.03 0.0467 0.077 0.093 0(.052 Xiaoben index 1K8-i35() Daily average 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.009 0.008 Al value N02- Single factor 0.05 0.075 0.05 0.067 0.075 0.063 index Daily average Dailyaverale 0.014 0.014 0.032 0.032 0.023 0.023 value TSP Single f actor 0.047 0.047 0.107 0.107 0.077 0.077 Shuangyan index high school Dailv average 0.011 0.011 0.013 0.007 0.0(8 (.010 K76+900 value N02 A2 Single factor 0.092 0.092 0.108 0.058 0.067 (0.083 index 35 According to above the table 3-6-2 and 3-6-4, current status of the ambient air quality of the proposed highway assesses follow: (I) The daily average value of NO, concentration is 0.0060.0]13mg/rn3 in the area along the proposed highiway, index>, if the development projects influence the normal growth of ancient and famous trees, avoiding and protection measurement should be adopted. (3) Influence that highway development on biomass along line According to<> (written by National Bureau of Environment Protection Chinese Environment Science Publishiing House, 1998, 2), table 5.3.1. Year of this project, loss of biomass is 3089.1t, as indicated in table 4-1-2 in detail. Table 4-1-2 Calculating about loss of biomass during highway construction Area Calculating standard Biomass(t/a) Remarks Types of land (mul) (t/ha) Woodland 609.45 70.49 2864 Agricultural crops 319.31 9.32 198.4 Others 548.69 0.73 26.7 Adding 1477.45 3089.1 up According to State Council March,2004 issued<>. In basic farmiand to proceed afforest along the highway, width requirement of afforest belt is: For the along line land which is farmiland, the width of afforest belt out of the scope of each side of land used as roads can not be more than 5 meters, among them, county acquire basic farmiand should implement procedure of report and approval of taking up basic farmiand. Afforest land in scope transportation engineering 39 development acquired land, should strictly go through (or handle, transact) examination and approval formalities of land used as development according to relevant regulations. Among them. those concerning taking up cultivated land must attain to keep balance between taking up and complacency of land. Road sections of non-basic farmiland should carry out the following rules according to spirit of <>: On both sides of highway, to alternative 5-lOm wide afforest zone. adopting afforest method of combination of tall trees, bush, and grass; Cutting, side slope should all afforest as planting trees and grass, borrow pit, waste bank should be recovered vegetation. After implementation of above biological engineering measurement, the biomass of these regions will roughly return to original natural state. 4.1.2.2 Influence on animals Animals depend on plant community as their habitat, breeding and food-fetching. Development of engineering will cause changes in constitute of animals zone department, structure of species, numbers dynamic and their structure of distribution as well as influence variety of alternatives and vegetation. Human's influence degree id different in construction period and during operation period, so influences caused on animals are different. (l)lnfluence during construction During construction, it will have some influence on activities of fish, amphibian animals and retiles. But these animals will move to non-construction zone, which will not threat to their existence. During construction, birds and animals in region of accidentally acquisition land will be compelled to leave the original areas. Birds and big animals of neighboring regions will keep off their original habitat, because land acquisition region, these birds and animals can still return to their original realm. C1 Influence on fish Fishery objects of along line are mainly black carp, grass fish, silver carp, bighead carp, carp etc. They produce eggs generally in plentiful water period of May-August of each year. Their egg-producing field usually in places where wide river course and narrow river course exist alternatively. If construction is arranged in dry season, it will not have direct influence on egg-producing of fish. Due to breakage of water quality, decrease of amount of alternative ton living creatures, bottom habitat animals etc, baits, thus change conditions of existence, growth and breeding of original fish. Fish will choose water to move to other places. Therefore, density of fish in construction zone obviously decreases. Underwater works during construction of large bridges, water body and bottom mire in the river bed, fish's habitat has been destroyed partly, whicih will cause fish to be driven out as well as keep fish away from construction sites. Decreasing of existing room of fish etc, water living creatures will result in aggravation of food competition. causing intensify of competition among various species and inside the same species. Some changes will take place in fish species structures and amount, thus they will be reduced. Moreover. engineering constructors' human sabotage such as fishing will also result in disadvantageoLus influence on the fish resources. Because fish's choosing water to move to other places, and influence of engineering on fish is only limited to construction areas, it will not influence protection of fish species resources. After 40 competition of the engineering, if we can guarantee the water amount is abundant in the river valley and water quality is clean, and combine to adopt protection measurement for fish, the original fish resources and their living and habitat environ will not change a lot. And in this river valley, the influence on types and amount of fish is not green. >lImpact on amphibious animals Amphibious animals and fish in the stream will be harned by machines of engineering construction, constructors' entering construction sites, piles of raw materials, and construction of piers etc. Especially waste and solid waste can kill or harm amphibious animals in valley slope and bank of rivers. Partial piers setting of bridge construction in water is going to result in changes of water quality and changes happen on ecosystem environment near the water area. Thus, amphibious animals' living environment will change, leading to reducing of amphibious animals' species and qualities. Moreover, people's catching edible frogs etc will also make these species become surviving kinds in engineering zone and its neighboring regions. Digging of cutting and temporary construction sites or pavement will result in partial destruction of living environment. Ditch valley and bank waste will directly harn frogs which live in the ecosystem environment. In 3-5 years, there will be no frogs or few frogs live on the discarding waste sites, due to changes of ecosystem environment in the waste sites. But this influence can be reversed. (®)lnfluence on reptiles and small-sized animals Construction will also influence reptiles. The influence mainly is: construction noise lorces them to runaway from construction zones. Secondly. waste and solid waste can directly harimi partial reptiles. Crushed stones and bare ground formed by pile waste, before mew vegetation forms, there is no concealnent places for animals here. Sun light shines directly, snakes may move to other places. But species of lizards that like sunshine and dry may increase. With the setting up of this highway, original distribution areas of small sized animals as Rodentia and Insectivore will enlarge. Density of these animals live in human's economic activity zone will have sane in crease. Especially those small animals that are considered as infectioLus sources of natural epidemic disease, these small animals will increase contact frequency between mankind and their living supplies, which may threat to the native residents health. If constructors continuously catch and kill snakes, which will have obvious influence on the community and amounts of these animals. And make some species become surviving state, even further influence controlling of Rodentia, result in great increment of community and amount of rats. Thus it will aggravate harm rats of on agriculture and forestry. Therefore, management of constructors must be strengthened. (2)hnpact during operation I Amphibian animals. Noise and light caused during driving of vehicles. Can influence amphibian animals. Species that like quiet environment, can avoid areas of both sides of highway that are influenced by traffic noise and light. Activity ability of amphibian animals is Iimited and their activity scope is smaller. separating effect of highiway have little influence on amphibian anilmals. ( Reptiles Activity ability, of reptiles is stronger, and their scope of activity is bigger. So separating 41 effect of high way has larger influence on reptiles. If there is no transverse passages for animals, the reptiles on both sides of the roads will be divided into two species, which is obviously unbefitting for existence of animals. Because of the lighting of the highway at night, it will make quantity of moth increase, thus lizards that like eating worn will also increase. (~)Birds In 1985, when wilcove researched influence that ecosystem environment segmenting put on birds, he discovered that, rate of birds are destroyed by their enemies is related to distance whichi nest are away from verge of forests. Rate of birds' nest are destroyed in verge of forests is twice as much as rate of nest being 600m away from verges. In 1995 Deunen studied relation between traffic raise and breeding density of birds. Thougih observation on 43 kind's birds, he drew a conclusion that traffic noise may influence birds' breeding rate. When equal continuous class A density leg (24h) in 24 hours from daytime to night is over 50dB (A), breeding of birds will decrease, and the decreasing rate is 20-98%. It is shown from noise prediction, Leq(24) equivalent continuous noise level 200m away from central line of road basically can decline to under 50 dB(A). Noise of highway operation can make sensitive birds also be lover than in the forest. But the surroundings are all forest, bird can find another inhabit place easily. Therefore, it don't influence the survive of birds. 4)Aninmals Ability of activity of animals is strong, and the scope of activity is big. Separating effect of highway has obvious influence on animals. The noise and light of period will make large and middle sized animals keep away from highways. But numbers of small animals, rats, yellow weasels, cats etc will increase. Species of animals in the evaluation scope of highway are mostly family animals or birds and general, few common wild small animals. Their requirement for living environment is comparatively free, and they have stronger ability of adapting to human influence. Development of highway has little change on their habitat environment, and will not interrupt their normal life. So they can live on along the highway areas. 4.1.3.Analysis about rationality of environment of waste stone discarding sites. Waste of this project is mainly produced by cutting and digging. Inappropriately waste-discarding can cause mud slide, landslip etc disaster; in this project, 8 waste-discarding sites are set up, the amount of soil discarding is 284129m3, and amount of waste discarding, is large. If waste discarding were not controlled, during construction these waste is discarded at random near the ditch. valley or waste slope, it will result in a cumulating water in river valley, so it will aggregate stress on waste slope. If there are land slide, agreeable layer etc geological diseases which will cause big landslide. Environment protection requirement is in the consideration of sites-choosing of stone discarding. Most waste has been used subgrade development after being sieved. Little amount of waste will be chosen to be discarded mountainous col. As for lower part of waste bank mortar cutting piece stone retaining walls is suggested to be built. Trees and grass should be planted on the surface of waste bank, so as to prevent soil erosion and to beautify environment. As for waste soil which takes up farmiand, cultivated surface soil should firstly be pushed aside to be saved. Next put solid waste into the site to make it become smooth, and then carry cultivated soil back to 42 recover farmiand, to decrease pernanent acquired land. After close of waste bank, through planting grass and trees to afforest in order to prevent soil erosion 4.1.4. Impact of temporary construction access road and blending sites The intending to be set up highway's direction is the same as direction of mast road sections of existing road, which create better condition for development of this project. But in the area, grades of countryside or township roads are lower, the whole condition of conveyance is worse, pavement should be built during construction. Pavements are used to convey road-built material and soil or stone discarding and waste. When designing the proposal highway, difficulty and material conveyance problems have been considered. In current designing alternatives basically, there are country roads leading to construction spots. Only a few construction sites need to be built new pavement. But most country roods need to be widen or mended due to their narrow road floor and lower grade, which is unable to satisfy demand of engineering. Because most alternatives, stability of side slope should be noted in order to prevent slope slide. Impact of newly built pavement is relatively bigger, especially many places need to be cut slope, so it is noticed that fill and cut can not be discarcded at randomi. Generally speaking, construction pavement of this project, especially construction pavement in mountainous areas are mostly rebuilt along the current existing roads. Newly-built pavements are less, so they have little impact on current ecosystem environment. Location of blending sites is K70+660 in detail. It is over 300 meters away from sensitive spot such as village and school, so it influence the sensitive people little. 4.1.5 Impact of bad geology and high fill, deep cut road sections on ecosystem environment Due to geology development of structure, the bad geology in this region is mainly losing stability of side slope. According to geological topography, geological strata rock, groLind water, bad geological growth degree of areas of the alignment, the line of the second area can be divided into three engineering geologies. (1) Pile up to fall off the tiny the area of hills( )I stake KO + Kls +800, geography than flatness, earth's surface mainly forms a delta to glue soil. A red powder rock in cretaceous department sandstone. Ground water is deep but shallow, and do little effect on highway. Mainly are roadbed and tiny fill, generally the durance topsoil can fill to build directly behind, the geological condition of the project is simple. But pay attention to the fundamental problem of the small scaled structure thing, if by chance, the soft soil can be used to change to fill the gravel solution. (2) The structure falls off the tiny area ( 11): stake KI +800 - K9s+200, the earth's surface has to rise and fall, the rock is cold to change the remaining quartz sandstone. The upper part accumulates the soil and all, the other things. the strong breeze turns the layer thickness mostly 3 5 rn, part 0.5 - 1.0 m or larger than 8 - 10 m. The groundwater is deep and large, the breadth is shallow to wash the ditch may have a little amount and soft soil, the nature slips less to fall but scales bigger. For highway, there is potential dangerous of steady-loss of side slope. geologic condition of engineering is complicated. Because the depth of the road been excavated is small. the gentle ascent can be passed to then and the simple protection; (3) The area of the structure erodes heavily( 111): stake K9 +200 - K]5s+661.57, the 43 geography rises and fall large, the flushing ditch is narrow, then return to turns and twists, the rock mountain is a long, in thick layer in a departnent in mire quartz sandstone, hard frailty, the growth of rock, the rock reports broken bits forn more. The rock water variety is much, the destructive power is big, the mountain side appears to slip to fall the phenomenon obviously, engineering geology tern is complicated. As for designation of the highway and construction. there is difficulty in laid-out, big fill and big digging, the side slope losing steady etc. problems in that area. In road section of high fill and deep cut, because fill and cut of the soil and stones is larger, its destructive influence on ecosystem environment. Which mainly display as: Cut of the mountain will result in waste discarding; Fill of the engineering to low-lying road section will result in soil borrow to surrounding environment; It has large impact on ecosystem environment. And owing to difference between roads and surrounding environment, it is easy to result in soil erosion. Therefore measurement of reducing ecosystem tic impact resulting from high fill and deep cut is reasonably allocation of fill and cut of soil and stones, try to reduce soil borrow and waste residue. Therefore, reconstructed highway whose stake is K9+200-K15+661.57 choose a new route, give up using the original road. 44 Table 4-1-3 Table of bad geological and section Section of an area Length Types Bad geological condition Measurement for dealing with O)Side slope grade adopts 1: 0.5-1: 0.75, to design step by step according to 8- 1 and set up crushed stage. Its quality of rock is yellow quartz ®During construction, try to adopt little dose K12+000'~-K12+020 20m sand rock .Its texture is hard. The and many plosive points to blast. crevice develops. It belongs to shallow )As for partial section of the road try to cut rock stratum collapse. The main slope in the direction of slope. Collapse of reason that result in collapse is that (j) Perfect drainage facilities, to reasonably rock layer many groups of structure face cutting lead crevice water of basic rock into side rock .In addition to the function of ditch. temperature, rain water biology ,which ®For slope face, there are three dimensional result in crushed stones collapse along net planting grass to protect it. overlooking face (¢)For those section of area in which there is bigger scale and serious collapse ,adopt arch or pole plus net squared ground beam, slip casting solid ate rocks, etc. There is a little spring water on the Change to fill sand gravel or crushed stones K65+055-K65+380 325m Underground earth's surface, which lead to long coming from mountain cutting, or add water time of accumulating water, and thick I silt. ~~~~~~~~horizontal and vertical french drain. Silt. 45 4.1.6 Impact of borrow or waste soil on ecosystem environment 4.1.6.1 Analysis about influence of environment borrow pit In the light of requirement of borrowing soil of road bed in professional standard (Noonr of highway sub grade design), which was announced by Ministry of communication. Soil-borrowing sites of this project are set up according to different terrain and equilibrium circumstance of fill and cut of soil, 5 borrow sites are set up in this recommended alignment. Lands that acquired are mostly wood land, good farn land has not been occupied. At the same time, engineering of protection and afforest have been designed to prevent and protect setting up of borrow pits matches with profession standard principle of ((Design Norn of High Wang Road beds)) Sites-choosing of soil-borrowing sites in this project is in the light of saving land, utilize low economic land, and proceed protection rand afforest for soil-borrowing sites, Basically requirement coordination of highway development and environment protection has been satisfied, From the point of environment protection, alternatives of soil borrowing adopted in this engineering is reasonable, and it is feasible in technique, However construction and supervising as well as management ought to be strengthened to enslave timely neat and even of brown pits, Implement smoothen and even as construction, completion in one pace, repave in the soave place thus to ensure restrain disadvantageous influence of soil-borrowing for the engineering on environment to the lowest limit. 4.1.6.2Analysis about waste bank on environment This highway locates in the mountainous range areas. Amount of partial fill and cut of soil and stone is large, and mainly is stone. Fill and cut of soil and stone that dig from roadbed should be used as stuffing of roadbed in order to decrease waste. At present 8 waste soil sites are set up. wheni arrange waste soil (residues) sites the designing unit should comply with ((Design Norm of Highway Roadbed )) to adopt intensively program heaping, From principles, waste banks are chosen in low land on both sides of roadbed, Looking after both sides natural environment and development of farmiland, Farn lands should be acquired as little as possible, and low economic effect waste land should be utilized as much as possible After testifying waste soil sites of this project owe set in natural flushing ditch and it won't acquire basically protected farmiland, In order to de lixiviate disadvantageous influence of waste soil(solid),design Lunit should set up engineering and afforest protection measurement for waste soil sites To design specially for waste soil sites, arrange necessary protection and drainage, environment protect-ion faculties, in order to present waste soil from stopping course of river polluting environment or causing mudslide, thus to satisfy the basic requirement of coordinate development of highiway e statesmen and entwinement protect ion facilities, in order to prevent waste soil from stopping course of river, polluting environment or causing mudslide, thus to satisfy the basic requirement of coordinate development of highway e statesmen and environment protection, From the point of environment protection, waste soil (solid) sites whicih is arranged and settled is reasonable, but meanwhile consult ion management of waste sites should be strengthened, Before discarding solid waste, reserve farning soil whichi is on the surface of waste solid sites Fawning soil is used as renovation to re-cultivate ratio finishing discarding solid waste Disadvantage ail impact of engineering waste soil or solid waste on environment ought to be ensured. Waste soil sites of the project are mainly located at beginning of ditch or ditch side. Because the region belongs to low hilly areas and there is crisscross networked of gullies, water collecting areas are generally very small amount of flood is also very small. And when designing waste soil sates, factors of flood has been considered Though analysis waste soil sites of this engineering will not affect discharge 46 of flood of natural gullies. 4.1.7 Ecosystem environment protection measurement. Ecosystem protection measurement of this project is indicated in table 4-1-4. Table 4-1-4 Ecosystem environmental protection measurement of the proposed hlighiway Main Environmental Environmental . . Efficiency of environment protection factors measurement al influence measurement ( Try to reduce temporary acquired land (After completion of the project, various temporarily acquired land should recover vegetation and farmland, attain as using, Temporary as renovating, as acquired land afforesting, as re-cultivate, ae Impact of S . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~alleviate or avoid during recover its earth surface's construction original vegetation temporarily acqLLired vegetatio land during Land utilI ity ) Highway (including re-cultivation) construction .gMak pernanent ) Whlen using wasteland e up the Impact that acquired land or other scattered plots of result in unutilized land should also highway acquired . ~~~~~~~land on reduction of reduction of timely renovate recover food output. woodland vegetation, prevent soil erosion. (Waste banks should try to utilize waste slope or cave not to occupy or occupy less farmiland, solid waste should be discharged far away from banks. (©) Reduce destruction to O Reduction operation sites surrounding of amount of woodland, bushes. 0 Alleviate or avert living Construction encampment reduction of amount Change of creatures in can't be set up in the of living creatures in amount of influenced woodland, strengthien affected areas living regions. 4 consciousness of 02 Alleviate or avert creatures Influence on environmental protection influence on local local species education to constructors. species of living of living Don't destroy forests. creatures creatures Don't destroy earth's surface plant outside of the 47 encampment. ®ZStrictly control along line amounts of trees that are felled. Wood that is out side of the acquired land and doesn't affect vision or view is prohibited to chop down. Trees that are in the range of acquired land should try to fell less or don't fell. Water and soil protecting trees and waterway dike protecting trees are not allowed to be felled down. (®)After the formation of roadbed, forestation should be proceeded in afforesting belt, in the light of requirement of afforest design. In 2-3 years of highway operation, vegetation covering rate along the highiway should be educated not to catch wildlife. (1Build up side slope protection of highways drainage of roadbed and Highway pavement and forestation Hlghway ~or beautify of along the development . . Alleviate soil erosion highlway. 0t Construction Soil erosion result in . . result from highiway along line period mostly construct in development soil erosion. dry season, before rainy season starting, make preparation to be dig, and retaining wall is to be built (!)To investigate area that Variety of Reduction of along line highway 01 Alleviate or avert green land in a regional roadbed covers and pressed reduction of regional region. green land. ground and area of green green land land covering. Evaluation suggested coinpensating 48 design for loss of green land, so as to recover and optimize the original natural environment and green land. (Waste land or land that its cultivated condition is worse should be chosen as borrow pits. After soil borrowing, should re-cultivate in tine in order to compensate loss which result from soil borrow. ()Along alignment natural water from of current should be protected. From of current should guarantee not being deposited, not be blocked up, not being leaking, and not leave latent dangers of engineering. Roadbed is not permitted ( Bridge culvert and pier crossing rivers, gullies and ditch, Along waterway in principle are X Reduce impact of aligni.nent not proper to change the highway naturalgnment main direction of water development on natural water current, when designing, along line natural body or water cLurrent the ability of releasing water body and excessive water, and current. should return fill to cut after construction of abutment 03®Organize construction design, necessary water-passing through structure should set up in construction pavement, convenient bridge should be set up in river-crossing pavement. They will be relocated after completion 49 of the project. Construction pavement in seasonal rivers the construction can not be higher than original floor of the earth in order to avoid flood discharge. 4) Constructors' living areas should be far away from waterway. No discharging living garbage into river waterway. (IOrganized piles up and clearance and be conveyed. No throwing into water department .(©) Civilized and safe construction.jZ When culverts start to be constructed, original width of water way is not allowed to be constructed. In consideration of the highway development's importance on ecosystem environment, make further treatise to the above listed paper in the following. (I) Ecosystem protection counter plan and measurement of material sites Ecosystem environment is fair in the area that the project locates. In order to fully display designing principle of "prevention is a lord, and protect initiative" some vital and main environmental problems should be solved at the designing stage . The concrete principles are as follows: C0 When designing, further optimize and reduce acquired farm land, balance fill and cut of soil and stones, reduce waste banks and amount of waste banks, notice to conforn with surrounding vegetation, esp. Recovery of vegetation should be noticed. At the same tine , character of long-tern and stage of recovery ecosystem work should be in full consideration. Funds of follow-up stage should be kept in order to let afterwards to complete work of follow-up stage. (- During dig of roadbed, borrow pits and waste bank should be equipped with certain amount of protection, such as grass mat etc. Which can be used to cover when it suddenly rains. Thus, soil erosion can be prevented. (2) Environment management measurement during construction (1) Establish environment management regulation. Define environment management responsibility and index, practice each construction group and encampment, attain in every lever there are specialist, and there is general leading cadre in construction sites. C2) Establish constrictors' regulations. Enhance constructors' consciousness of environmental protection. Make certain punishment rules for destroying ecosystem environment. According to specific condition of this area, constructors are required not to discharge rubbishi at random. No hunting and fishing. No felling trees. Construction apparatus and materials can not pile up at random, No borrowing soil or discarding soil at random. 50 (3)The final handling measurement of construction sites Cl) Living garbage in construction sites should be periodically collected, and then choose suitable location to fill and bury it. (2) After completion of construction, temporary buildings in construction encampment, should be torn down except those muse be reserved. Garbage caused by construction should all be carried away or choose ground to bury. Original is terrain and land form ought to try to be recovered . (3)combining highiway afforest protecting engineering to proceed ecosystem recovery as return soil to the original sites of construction encampment and a forestation etc. (4) When proceed development of this project, we should not only attach importance to technical standard and ability to traffic capacity, but also should value ecosystem environmental protection. In order to try to reduce destruction to original biological vegetation and establish ecosystem tic highway, design should be proceeded in accordance with along line terrain and landform, conforn to "Fill rather than dig, bridge rather than fill and "with curve power ,to be standard and flexible , reasonably optimize ,protect environment "principle to proceed design . Fully consider ecosystem tic environmental protection ,pursue coordination between highiway and surrounding scenery, mean which adopt various forms to afforest side slope to make the highway melt into nature During design , combination of water and soil censer vat ion measure mend , engineering measurement, and biological measurement should be considered fully . Construction time should be arranged reasonably For example, shunt the raining season fill and cut square. overlay naked soil. (5) When dig big soil and stone square areas, should attain balance between fill and dig, avoid disorderly pile and put on the spot result in destruction to environment. As for little waste soil we should choose the hill valley in whicih there is little farmland , and uneasily cause soil erosion , to wifely heap waste soil , use road rollers to leeringly grind or husk to a certain pressing soil degree . And theni plant trees , grow grass , afforest and beautify to recover ecosystem tic environment , During construction ,measurement should be taken not to drop soil and stone into rivers and farmiland to block the course of water and deforn farmiand . Therefore during construction retaining walls should be built at banks of river, and in farmiland and villages .Those soil or stone which has fallen into streams or farmiland ought to be cleaned and carry away Return the original appearance of river valleys and farmland. (6) In the process of construction, should attain minimum destruction and maxinum recoverv, avoid leaving trace of construction, should guarantee sprinkler truck to splash water to and from in order to reduce dust. Building garbage ought to be carried away as it is dig. It is forbidden to be poured into gully. Borrow pit should be chosen outside of the highway view and should be afforested in order to avoid soil erosion. Asphalt all is adopted the can-packed. In order to alleviate the impact on rare and precious plants resources, rave and precious plants in woodland are intending to be move to protect. (7) Strengthen environmental monitor during construction and environmental protection educationi to highiway development constructors, to do well environmental protection self-consciously during construction. According to regulations, no disorderly fell or drop down trees or grass flowers, make sure that ecosystem environment doesn't suffer human sabotage. As the strut ion undertaker's sign contracts with owners, there should be relevant projects about environ mental protection. And during construction, these projects should be implemented. 51 (8) Highway afforestation should express natural wild forms. In order to avoid the foreign species invade in variety of natural reserve area and avert enlarge along line ecosystem weak belt, flowers, grass and trees grow in foreign land can not be introduced. When afforest, those tall trees, bushes, grass, and vine ect. Plants whicih is fit to recover side slope ecosystem should be matched properly. To choose the best ecosystem protection process. 4.2 Prediction and evaluation of water environment There is great capacity in the highway construction engineering. Daring construction period, the polluted water mainly come from the following aspects: (O)Living polluted water in contention sites of each construction sections; (The greasy dirty water whichi caused by running, emitting, dropping, leaking of dirt oil when constructing machinery is repaired and works ®)Muddy river water caused by construction of piers of bridge, which will make river deposit float in water. The point of this evaluation is analysis about impact of water environment during constriction Shuangyan bridge 4.2.1 Analysis of influence of water environment during construction period 4.2.1.1 Analysis of in Shuangyan bridge The main influence caused by proposal highway cross the Shuangyan river are the following 3 aspects: 0construction influence of under water structures of bridges; (2)Living dirty water in construction sites constructing muddy mortar water; (Drnfluence of working sites beside water material heap sites. ( I ) Construction influence of underwater structures of bridges Foundation of piers of Shuangyan bridge (K77+235),bridge and temporary support etc under water structures, whose construction will have influence on water quality. At the beginning of construction, due to cofferdam, partial water body bottom disturbing in working sites, which enable mud and sand etc. suspending matter partial water body increase. When piers are under construction, drill irrigating stakle or dig bore stake will be adopted. Drill bores are constructed in cofferdam. Water in coffer well is separated from rivers, thus it will not influence quality of water when drilling holes. Amount of drilling solid waste which is caused during the process of cofferdam, are large. Discharging drilling waste at random will cause silt up of course of water downstream of construction as well as lower water quality. Leaking oil of mechanic equipment in the course of bridge construction, remaining oil in maintenance of machinery, especially leaking oil caused by ships machine that works on surface of water. Therefore, during construction of under water structures, the main influence on Shuangyan rivers resulting in blending of water, suspension of deposit and constructing materials dropping into water, drilling mud flow into water due to in appropriate management and operation. The whole length of the bridge over Shuangyan River is about 65m.Two piers are set Lip in the river. Working time on water is longer, and difficulty of construction is larger. Proper construction craft and working period must be chosen when in practical construction, and solidly enhance construction management of the two bridges, which will respectively lower influence on water quality of Shuangyan rivers to the lowest. (2) Influence of sewage and muddy water in construction sites It is indefinite in (KReport of Feasibility Study of Engineering)) that whether to set up construction sites near small rivers and big rivers or not. According to experience of domestic highway construction, precinct that I construction camp site beside the bridge, and there are 50 constructors amount of water 52 for living 100 L/ persons Days, then amount of dirty water that caused is about 5m3/d, If these dirty water is discharged directly into Shuangyan rivers, it must cause certain degrees of impact on water quality of Shuangyan rivers. There fore proper sites choosing of construction camp sites near the two bridges must be proceeded. Living dirty water caused from construction sites can be discharged on the condition that it has been dealt with and reached standard. Amount of living dirty water caused from construction sites of bridge construction, as indicated in table 4-2-1. Table 4-2-1 Estimation forn of amount of sewage of Big Bridge construction sites. Main pollutant SS BoD5 CODC,i TN TP Amount of dirty water(t/d) Density(mg/L) 100 110 250 20 4 5 It is discovered from on-the-spot, there are some residents' points near the intending to be set up highway crossing Shuangyan rivers. Distance from residents' prints to sites of He Jiangkou big bridge and Fengzhou big bridge is about dozens of minutes. From interview on residents, partial residents are willing to let constructors rent their houses. So it is suggested that when construction Ullits build construction houses have to be built, they should try to rent the local residents' houses. If temporary construction houses have to be built, they must be far away from small rivers and big rivers. And intensive water closets must be built in each construction camp sites. Meanwhile septic tanks of at least capacity of 20m3 must be set to collect excrement and dirty water and then to proceed first handling. No discharging directly into water body. Pure liquid on the septic tank should be adopted certain measurement to deal with. Or encourage local peasants to use it as fertilizer. Deposit mire should be periodically tram sported and disposed. (3)1nfluence of water body side working sites, material heap sites Position of the circumjacent material around Shuangyan rivers is uncertain. If construction materials (as asphialt oil materials, chemicals and some powder material such as fly ash etc) are piled near Shuangyan rivers, due to bad management or being washed by rain storm, will come into water body. It will cause water pollution. Waste and discarded building heap sites, remnants in mixture site flow into water with earth's surface runoff will also cause water pollution. 4.2.1.2 Analysis about impact of highways cross the bridges on other water body construction Other water body crossed by the highiway (Hengxi river and Jiajiangkou river etc small rivers) all has no drinking water function. They belong to seasonal rivers. Difference between flood season and dry season is large. During dry season, it sometimes dries up and water flow stops. The proposed highway cross the above water body in the form of bridges. Pollution of earth's surface water environment mainly come from (Living dirty water and garbage. (Zimpact of operation are a beside water body, material heap. Q3 Working influence of construction under bridge water structures. (1) Setting of construction camp sites. Its concrete location is uncertain. To predict according to one construction camp site is set uLp in each bridge, the construction encampment of the whole alignment may attain 21. Total amount of dirty living water will reach 105m3/d. There are many dirty water positions. If it is discharged directly into water, it must cause certain influence on water quality. There fore, construction encampment near bridges must be proceeded proper sites-choosing. Construction personnel should try to choose residents' houses as their camp sites where there is dirty water discharging system. Living dirty water produced by them must be dealt with to reach standard, and then it can be discharged. Using water economically is advocated. And dosage of rinse should be controlled. (2) Influence of water body side operation sites and material heap sites 53 Concrete locations of pre cast sites, mixture sites and material heap sites are uncertain, Partial operation sites are in the consideration that they will be close to neighboring water, if con striation materials (such as asphalt, oil materials, chemicals and some powder shaped materials etc) were piled near water body, they may come into water due to failure in management or being washed by rain storm etc. Which will result in water pollution. (3) Construction influence of bridge's under water structure Constructors of basis of bridge piers, pier body, and temporary support etc underwater structures will have influence on water quality or water body. At the beginning of construction, owing to cofferdam, it will cause partial water bottom disturbing. Which will increase mud and standee suspenision. And due to inappropriate management and operation, it can make constructing materials drop into water, and make drilling mud mortar flow into water. 4.2.1.3 Summary of analysis about influence of water environment during construction In all, influence on water during construction can be slowed down through strengthening management of construction period. Especially strengthen management of construction sites and development of crossing water bridges such as Shuangyan bridge. More over, througil choosing less polluted construction craft and adding necessary environment protection facilities, influence on water environment can be decelerated. 4.2.2 Analysis about influence on water environment during operation Pollution on water environment mainly comes from discharge of dirty water of highway management and maintenance etc. highway supporting facilities. Fur there more, vehicles loading poisonous and harmful matter, in the important water area, traffic accidents will happen. Then causing leak, also will lead to serious sudden water pollution, which will cause serious breakage of water quality. Because management and maintenance of this project depend on current personnel and organization, without adding new organization and personnel, amount of dirty water of supporting facilities of the highway is basically unchanged, situation of discharge of pollutant please see table 4-2-2. Table 4-2-2 Scale of main supporting facilities of highway and situation of discharge of polluted water Amount of Discharge Total amount of NumbersToaamutf Types of dshrig aon Name of discharging amount discharging prediction polluted water dirty of dirty be fore dealing with (t/a) water(t/d) water(t/a) Management COD ,:0.82 and Living dirty 50 people 4.5 50 people 4.5 1642.5 SS:0.4 1 maintenance water Petroleumr:0. 165 center Note: Before dealing with living dirty water, density of pollutant are: CODcr : 500mg/L, SS: 250mg/L, Petroleum :100 ing/L 54 After reaching standard of dealing with dirty water of supporting facilities of the highway. Direction of discharge is natural gullies, which can provide irrigation for peasant. In accordance with Ministry of Transportation & Communicating environment office [2003] No. 1 file and actual situation of polluted water discharge, it is suggested adopting the following method to deal with polluted water: Grade I biological and chemical handling. After attaining ((Standard of water Quality of irrigation for farmiland))(GB 5084-92), it can be used to afforest and irrigate, as well as used for irrigation for peasants. If condition is permitted, polluted water should be bring into the city management network to be dealt with niftily. Total discharge amount of polluted water of each supporting facility in the whole line of the project is 1642.5t/a. Total amount of each pollutant before or after being dealt with and its deal of cutting down please see the following table 4-2-3. Table 4-2-3 Total amount of each pollutant before or after being handled and its deal of cutting down Pl lLuting factors CODcr SS Petroleu item-s rm Total amount before handling(t/a) 0.82 0.41 0.165 Total discharge amount after dealing with(t/a) 0.16 0.11 0.008 Total amount of reducing(t/a) 0.66 0.30 0.157 Note: Discharge density of pollutant after polluted water being dealt with and then reach standard is CODcr 100mg/L, SS 70mg/L, Petroleum Smg/L. 4.2.3 Analysis about risks of water pollution accidents Large quantities of practices show that, a accidents of water pollution in highways mainly take place in: Traffic accidents happen, then loaded chemicals. Leak and discharge into neighboring water body or vehicles fall into rivers together with goods. Becatise surface of rivers that the purposed highway crossing is narrow. According to experience, narrower the river surface is ,the less possibility of traffic accidents happens. But, according to the principle of the rate theory it is possible for these small rate accident to happen. And once it happens, it will have seriotisly destructive influence on along line water areas. Especially, as for along line each rivers, their present water qtiality is better, having reached standard III. It is very important to protect water qtiality. Once there is occurrence of dangerous goods leaking into water body, the result will be worse. Therefore, fitting or corresponding protection measurement should be adopted and contingent alternatives ought to be put forward. 4.2.4 Deceleration measurement of impact on water environment Measurement of water environmental protection of this project is indicated in table4-2-4. Table 4-2-4 Deceleration measurement of inflitence on water environment of the proposed highway. Measurement of environmental Beneficial Perio Influen protection resLilt Main environmental d of cing Of influence work factors easureent 55 (OPolluted water comes from n T save wage construction is not allowed to discharge reduce soil into water. The special drainage passage erosion can be set up to make drainage circulate 2 Reduce freely. Try to save water and witless impact of repeatedly. (>Waste oil, asphalt and solid waste on other solid waste is not allowed to pile ecosystem- beside water, they should be timely environment cleaned and carried away. (®)Construction of bridge is prohibited (C)Alleviate leak oil and chemical splash into water. or avert Polluti Polluted water of Mud and sand which dig out during impact of Cons on contutio iat construction bridge base are not allowed construction tructi dischar onswater body to be thrown into course of river or river discharged on ge on y shore. (4)Building materials which pollutioll on perio Waste of contain harmful matter is not allowed to environment d rconstruction on pile near the water and should set up 4I Alleviate water body covering for it in order to prevent to be or avert ction flushed into water. 3)Try to construction impact of during dry season avoid construction constructors' during flood period and plentiful water living period. (0 When construction near water dischaige on such as small river and big river etc environment when necessary, retaining wall should be set up along the river so as to prevent mud and stone from blocking river water cannel and irrigating drainage system to avoid influencing water body and animal or plants in the water. 56 (OConstruction encampment can not he set up beside water constructors' living dirty water and droppings should be dealt with in septic tank and cleaned periodically. Producing waste water can be sprayed in construction sites to lower (O)lnfluence of living fly dList, living dirty water which has Discha dirty water and been dealt with through septic tank can rged disorderly be used as manure. 02Living garbage polluti movement on can be put into dustbin and be cleaned on environmental periodically or set up rubbish pits after from pollution ferment, be used to fertilize field. After constru M)lmpact of living completion of construction, rubbish pits ctors garbage discharge at should be buried with soil and recover living random on vegetation on it. Dirty water from can environment teens in construction first should be dissolve oil and residue, and then be discharged into septic tank. It is suggested adapting "iground bury style living water purifying handle device" after being dealt with and reach standard, then be discharged. (!)To set up obvious mark near the river Alleviate section, prevent driving vehicles at ones transformatio pleasure throw miscellaneous articles, nal vehicles' Oper Solid adopt organized drainage craft, pollution on Oper Solid limestone and cement etc. scattered environment. ation waste Contaminate river ation waste Contai-ninate river goods to start on jOurney to driver. perio lying Hinder landscape Prevent materials or goods from d garage spreading fall on to along line or water. Tank trucks whichi will leak oil and leak materials and over loaded trucks are forbidden to start on journey In consider of the importance of this highiway section development to influence of water environment, to make further treatise to the above contents whichi are listed in that form: ( I ) Protection engineering measurement of the bridge construction Bridge construction is the main contaminative source of influence on water environment during construction .Therefore , aiming at sensitive spots bridges which cross big rivers and small rivers, the forward as: 01 Construction of under water part of Bridger in dig season or even water period 2) Construction sites or encampment near bridges should try to be faraway form; It is suggested that choose surrounding residents' spots to rent houses. If it h ad to settle near water body ,the polluted water produced is forbidden to be discharged into water body. Living dirty water must be dealt with 57 skeptic tank ,and then return to local farner to power into farmiland. Living garbage. Constructing material garbage etc piled up intensively and timely cleaned and buried. ) Constructing machinery and ships must be checked strictly, in order to prevent oil material form leaking. Dirty water, rubbish and dirty oil water of ships are forbidden to be thrown into water .They should be collected and then be death with pollutant in construction sites. l) Silt and residuum soil etc. dig under construction of bridge are not allowed to be thrown into Water. After getting the approval of local water conservancy section, can choose the specific locations which do not affect the function of releasing excessive water, and not affect along alignment. Coastal landscape to pile, and proceed engineering protection and a forestation. 5) Underwater part of the bridge should adopt advanced construction craft, to pavement construction of bridge from polluting nearby water body. (2) Prevention measurement of pollution from construction dirty water 0) Pile sites of construction materials such as asphalt. Oil materials. Chemicals etc. harmful matter should be fixed with covers, in order to reduce wash of rain water resulting in pollution. 0 Construction dirty water can not be directly discharged into rivers. Construction polluted water should try to be made use of circularly. 03 Try to choose advanced equipment machines in order to effectively reduce amount of running emitting dropping. Leaking and times of machine maintenance, thus reduce production of dirty water containing oil. 4.3 Prediction and evaluation about influence of acoustic environment 4.3.1 Influence of noise daring construction period The development scale of the intending to be set up highway is larger, and construction difficulty is larger. Many middle, small bridges and culverts are involved in this project. Construction machines that being put to use are complicated. In addition, mountains need to be split to develop new roads, and to build road surface. etc. These Moreover, construction activities have larger interrupt on acoustic environment of along line areas. Because most road sections of the project coincide with existing roads, large amount of road-constructing material need to be conveyed through current roads. While most environment sensitive spots along highiways owe all laid out along both sides of the current roads. So it is difficult to avoid conveying vehicles of road building materials have influence on along line acoListic environment. Construction period of the intending to be set up highway is two years, so it is necessary to analyze and evaluate noise during construction, in order to better establish corresponding construction and management plow, and to protect residents' fine habitat environment along the highway areas. Main noise resource during development and Construction of the highway comes from noise caused by construction machinery and traffic notes conveying vehicles. Thoughi the noise is temporary, Construction period of the intending to be set up highway is long. and there are many constructing machines, most of which have character of higih noise, no rules etc. If it's not been con trolled, it will have larger noise pollution on neighboring villages or townships, and school, that are sensitive spots, as well as result in serious noise interruption on along line residents' living of along the highways. According to investigation, at present, domestic commonly used road building machines are excavator, bulldozer, flat ground machines, blending machine rollers, spread machines etc It's noise class when driving full-loaded in different distance please see table 4-3-1. Table 4-3-1 Noise class of main construction machines in different distance F-t/,: dB(A) Nane ofinacihines | 5mn I 10m I 20rm I 40rn I 60rn I 80mn l I OOm-n 150rn I 20Gmn 58 Loader 90 84 78 72 68.5 66 64 60.5 58 VibratiIg road 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56.5 54 roller Bull dozer 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56.5 54 Land leveller 90 84 78 72 68.5 66 64 60.5 58 Excavator 84 78 72 66 62.5 60 58 54.5 52 Paver 87 81 75 69 65.5 63 61 57.5 55 Blending machine 87 81 75 69 65.5 63 61 57.5 55 Note: Noise class in 5m is actual value According to provision inrKLimrited value of Noise in Boundary of construction sites0)(GBI12523-90), Limited value in the day tine is 70-75dB, Limited value at night is 55dB. Test and calculation result of noise class listed in table 4-3-1 show that: Construction machinery can reach standard limited value in the place that is 40m away from construction sites; At night, the machinery can reach standard limited value in the place that is 200m away from construction sites. Along the in tending to be set up highway, in the scope of which, the population is sparse and villages scatter about. Most of the sensitive spots distribute on both sides of the roads. There is some distance away from the intending to be set up project. There are 13 Sensitive spots whicil is in the range of 40m away from central line of roads. Terrain and landforn along the highway are complicated. Afforest in many villages is better. Around the villages, there are many green trees, and there is certain difference of height between the trees and the proposal highway. Due to terrain and land forn of the construction sites and sound barrier of the tall trees, construction noise will diminish greatly when the noise arrivers sensitive spots. There fore noise caused by construction machinery in the daytine will not have obvious impact on the surrounding villages. Hoverer construction at night may have larger interruption on partial residents' normal rest in the scope of 300m along the highway. Especially for those villages and schools that are nearer to the highway and in which there is even terrain, these impact will become more obvious. So construction in these road sections, necessary protection measurement is needed. The detail decelerating measurement of acoustic refer to section 4.3.3. 4.3.2 Prediction about traffic noise 4.3.2.1 Predicting value of traffic volume and rates of vehicles types According to Report of Feasibility study of the in tending to be set up highway, predicting Table of traffic volume of the purposed highway please refer to table 2-7-1 4.3.2.2 Model of prediction of noise Difference of predicting traffic volume of reconstruction roads in different years. In recent operation period ,the traffic volumes are all less than 20000pcu/d,in forward operation is about ( the year of 2027 ) 4703pcu/d.Totally speaking, the rate of traffic flow is less. On the basis of analyzing and comparing home and overseas countries all kinds of traffic noise-predicting models, in this assessment. we are going to adopt the FHWA model which is recommended by having been amended<> to predict and count. MODEL: FHW model that having been amended. Nr L1,,, = L14, + Ig +lOlg( " +AS-13 In the formula: T 59 ----The equal effects acoustic grade of No. I vehicles L ----At the referring points, the average A acoustic grade of NO. i vehicles when they are at the speed of Vi. T----Tiine of estimation, an hour in general; N i Traffic volume of No. i types of vehicles, vehicle/h Vi Speed of No. i types of vehicles, kin/h r. .----Distance from referring points to driving line, r. =7.5rn r----Distance from observation to driving line, in; a ----Diminishing factors related to absorbing characteristics of ground covering, all kinds of ground comprehension, a =0.5; S----Additional diminishing number of blocks such as building terrain, embankment, roads ditch etc. dB(A) Predicting models of hours equal effects acoustic grade at night L,'1, = L'4, +lOl g N' +lS5lg(~' "+ I 0 g(-) +AS -13 TV, r r In this formula, the physical meanings of all symbols are the same as the above formula. The computational formula of equal-effect acoustic grade of the rate of traffic flow n types of vehicle at the receiving point on a road: L,q, = I 0 |g I 00. L,., i-l Leqi -The equal effect acoustic grade of the rate of traffic flow at the receiving point on No. I road, dB(A) n----Types of vehicles: n=l- small vehicles; n=2 middle-sized vehicles n=3 large-sized vehicles The computational formula of equal-effect acoustic grade of the rate of traffic flow n types of vehicle at the receiving point on in roads: j =71 Leq = I ° 0g E I o00 J=I The equal effect acoustic grade of the rate of traffic flow at the receiving point on in roads, dB(A) 4.3.2.3 Result of prediction of traffic noise In the light of prediction model, combining various index of the situation of engineering in the highway, to calculate predicting value of traffic noise of along the alignments and sensitive spots in each evaluating characteristic gear. This evaluation predicts the scope of 15 200m away from central line on both sides of highways. Traffic noise is predicted respectively in each special year under circumstance of there being even roadbed sepal predicted year are the year of 2007, 2017 and 2027, When concerning concrete noise prediction in sensitive spots, then different roadbed forms and height will be considered. Prediction result of traffic noise along the highiway please see table 4-3-2. It can be known from 60 table 4-3-2, due to continuous increment of traffic volume, predicting value of traffic noise in each predicting year appears gradually up-trend with the increase of years of high way being in operation. And in this table what has been predicted is only the situation when the alignment is smoothi embankment. While as for the intending to be set up highway, due to its large rising and falling of terrain of along alignments, meanwhile, difference of heighit between villages and road surface is bigger. Many villages lie in the acoustic figure zone of the highway; furthermore, distribution of villages is very Distance away from central line ofthe alignments (in) Year Period 30 40 50 60 70 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 201() day 51.66 48.34 45.86 43.89 42.24 40.84 38.52 36.66 35.09 33.73 32.54 31.48 night 49.88 46.84 44.55 42.71 41.17 39.85 37.67 35.91 34.43 33.15 32.(3 31.02 day 64.22 61.78 59.91 58.38 57.08 55.96 54.09 52.55 51.25 50.11 49.11 48.21 2020 night 63.37 61.07 59.29 57.83 56.60 55.53 53.75 52.28 51.04 49.96 49.00 48.14 day 66.27 64.03 62.30 60.89 59.70 58.67 56.94 55.53 54.33 53.28 52.36 51.53 might 65.38 63.24 61.59 60.23 59.09 58.09 56.43 55.07 53.91 52.90 51.73 51.27 scattered. There is fine afforest around the villages. Many houses of the villages conceal in trees. Therefore practically noise value whichi is spread to sensitive spots of along the highway is smaller than the value listed in the table. Table 4-3-2 Predicting value of traffic noise in the whole alignments Unit: dB (A) 4.3.2.4 Prediction and evaluation of noise in sensitive spots. (l)Decide standard of evaluation Different kinds of sensitive spots are adopted different standard of evaluation. Therefore, villages and schools will be respectively predicted and estimated. According to files of National General Bureati of Environment protection issue [2003] No.94 text of ((Notice about Environment Noise in Evaluation of Environment Impact of Highways Railways etc Development Projects)) requirement. For those village dwellings which hasn't been divided into functional are as of acoustic environment, can refer to the requirement of ((Norm of city Area Environment Noise Suitable District Division Technique)) . To decide areas inside 45t5m and outside of road red lines as No.4(GB3096-93) standard suitable areas of ((Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas)) ; Areas outside 45±5m are carved out No. 1 (GB3096-93) Standard of ((Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas)) ; In the range of 45±5m away from road red line and outside of schools according to 6OdB(A) carried out in the daytine; and 5OdB(A) at night. In consideration of real situation of this project, villages and schools are appraised respectively as the following standard: a, Distance of protection against noise on both sides of red lines of wigwags b, District inside protection distance, carry out No.4 standard (GB3096-93) of ((Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas)) ; Noise on both sides of high way and outside of protection distance, in cities towns and villages, No.1 standard of ((Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas)) (GB3096-93). c, Partial villages which are 50m away from road red lines there are some residents (more than 10 houselhold), and outside of red line, there are many households, are carried out according to NO.4 standards. d, Special building such as Shuangyuan Middle school, Daokeng primary school, old folks home of Shuangyti township, noise standard outside their building is 60 dB in day and 50 dB at night. 61 (2) Predicting result of noise in sensitive spots During operation period of the intending to be set up highway, in the scope of evaluation, predicting value of environment noise of sensitive spots is forned by predicting value of traffic noise in the road sections after considering impact factors of acoustic environment and then proceeding appropriate correction and in the end reduplicate with origins bottom value of noise. When revising traffic noise value, synthetically consider terrain in the sensitive spots, difference of height and afforest vegetation etc. factors. Through computing, predicting value of environment noise in the along sensitive spots please see table 4-3-3. In the light of above evaluating standard, table 4-3-4 at the same time standard-surpassing situation in the sensitive spots has been given. 62 Table 4-3-4 Prediction about noise of sensitive spots along the highway from Meicun to Longbu Unilt: dB(A) Difference of Value of prediction and surpassing standard about Serial NmofDsacawy Tpso hegtbwenThe year of 2007 The year of 2017 The year of 2027 Distance of reaching sensitive Number of stake fromn central line acoustic pavement and Brief analysis about results of prediction number opso od() fnto rdcigstandard opts of road (in) function predicting ~~~~~~~Daytime Night Daytime Night Daytime Night points(m) Near distance houses of this will age is nearer to the roads. And Distance of reaching I Xiaoben K+300-KS+900 Beyond 15m, left Cas4+.563.83 58.71 63.84 5 8.73 63.88 58.81 it lies at the same height with the r-oad The population is denser. standard is 45m away side It is estimated adopting class 4 standard. There is from central line of the 62.52 58.71 62.53 5 8.73 62-59 58.81 ~~~~standard-surpassing at right in recently road Daokeng 43.72 41.95 43.75 41.97 43.87 42.09 It is far away from the school to the current highway. Predicting 2 primary K75+400 70m of Left side Class2 +0.0 _____ _____ noise reaches requirement of class2. It doesn't surpass the school 43.60 42.02 43.63 42.04 43.75 42.98 standard. Shuangyan 42.95 40.15 42.96 40.16 43.01 40.22 It is far away from the school to the current highway. Predicting 3 hgscol K76+900 60m of left side Class 2 -10.0 noie rachs rquiemnt_f_cass__Sandrd high school ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~44.12 40.02 44.13 40.04 44.17 40.10 nierahsrqieeto ls2 tnad The old folk's home is very close to the road. It basically lies at Shuangyan 42.31 37.02 42.31 37.02 42.31 37.02 the same height with the road. But there are few households in 4 old folk's K77+300 20m of left side Class 2 +0.0 the surrounding. Noise of present thecsuroundig.oNosenofdresentcondiionhrechacsas2.II home 41.41 37.22 41.41 37.22 41.41 37.22 doesn't surpass the standard K79+300- Right side35m- ~~~~~~~51.05 43.28 51.06 43.30 51.08 43.40 The near distance houses is closer to the road, it lies in acoustic 5 Guying K7+0 2mClass 4 -6.0 ____________shadow, Class 4 standard is to be adopted, It doesn't surpass the K79+800 120m ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~51.30 43.20 51.30 43.22 5 1.3 3 43.32 standard. Contributive value in There is some distance from the village to the current highway. the future is only 0.54- Xishan K83m300-~ lOOm of right 5 1.59 46.42 51.59 46.42 51.60 46.44 But it lies in acoustic shadow, due to surpassing of present 0.7dB(A),so it has little 6 group K83-'500 side Cas1130condition value at night, Class I standard is to be adopted to influence on current evaluate. Recently, it surpasses the standard a little, quality of acoustic 51.02 45.37 51.02 45.37 51.03 45.40 environment 63 (3)Evaluation of noise in sensitive spots Because the rebuilt highway is roughly laid out along current roads, generally speaking, monitoring data of present condition has already basically reflected the impact that highways put on the along line sensitive spots. Noise value at night of sensitive spots which is nearer to highway has surpassed standard. Sine dwelling areas of villages and school adopt different standard, they are estimate respectively. Environment sensitive spots of along alignment project is estinated during re cent, middle and futon operation period as follows. Evaluation on dwelling areas of villages: (J)ln the year of 2007: predicting value of noise each sensitive spots during recent operation period of the interring to be set up project: In the daytine it is from 51.02dB(A)-63.83dB(A), predicting value at night is from 43.20dB(A)-58.71dB(A). 02 ln the year of 2017: Predicting value of noise in each sensitive spots during middle operation period of the intending to be set up project: n the daytime it is from 51.02dB(A)-63.84dB(A), predicting value at night is from 43.22dB(A)-58.73dB(A). (03In the year of 2027: Predicting value of noise in each sensitive spots during future operation period of the intending to be set up project: In the day time, it is from 51.03dB(A)-63.88dB(A), predicting value at night is from 43.32dB(A) 58.8 1 dB(A). Predicting value of noise all day and all night in Guying village during recent middle, and future period all satisfy((Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas))(GB3096-93) Class 4 standard, which is 7OdB(A) in the daytime, 55dB(A) at night. Highway development has little influence on its environment. Near distance houses in Xiaoben township is near to roads. The highway has great influence on them. Class 4 standard is adopted to estimate. Recently at night, there will be standard-surpassing. The greatest standard surpassing in future will arrive at 3.8dB(A). Through prediction *the distance of reaching the standard is 45m away from central line. Therefore development units are suggested to get up necessary acoustic-separating shielding put on them. Xishan group in Shanglin village is far away from the road, because it was estinated adopting standard of Class l,there is a little surpassing of the standard. The main reason is present condition being surpassing the standard. Noise from roads has little influence on villages. Contributive value in the future is only 0.54-0.7dB(A),so it has little influence on current quality of acoustic environment. Estimation to schools and the old folk's home: C)ln the gear of 2007: predicting value of noise each sensitive spots during recent operation period of the interring to be set up project: In the daytime it is from 53.87dB(A)-53.93dB(4I.41dB(A)- 44.12dB(A). predicting value at night is from 41.41 dB(A)-44.12dB(A). (C)ln the gear of 2017: Predicting value of noise in each sensitive spots during middle operation period of the intending to be set up project: In the daytime it is from 41.41dB(A)-44.13dB(A), predicting value at night is from 37.02dB(A)-42.04dB(A). (ln the gear of 2027: Predicting value of noise in each sensitive spots during future operation period of the intending to be set up project: In the day time, it is from 41.41dB(A)-44.17dB(A), predicting value at night is from 37.02dB(A)-42.98dB(A). Predicting value of noise all day and all night in Daokeng primary school. Shuangyan middle school, and Shuangyan old folk's home during recent, middle, and future period all satisfy (>Standard of Environment Noise in City Areas)) (GB3096-93) class 2 sanitary, which is 6OdB(A) in the daytime, and 5OdB(A) at night. Highway development has little influence on its environment. Sum up the above result, and to analyses in the way of "Luse spot to take line" that is. highway 65 development should be considered to take engineering measurement for some road sections where are denser residents. Measurement can be chosen. To set up sound barrier or properly adjust partial alignments .etc. As the village that along the whole alignment roughly adopt class 4 standard. After the above synthetically protecting measurement. The disadvantageous influence caused by development of the highway can be diminished to the least. 4.3.3 Alleviating measurement of influence on acoustic environment. Protecting measurement of acoustic environment of this project please see table 7-3-1 Table 4-3-4 Alleviating measurement of influence on acoustic environment of the proposed highiway. Influenci Main Measurement of Environmental Beneficial ng environmenta Protection result of factors I influence measurement Designi Traffic (Drnfluence Bring the part which has larger 0) Alleviate ng noise on along influence establishment of the influence Period alignment soundproof shields or adequately which residents' adjust etc. into design, and make constrLIction living up plants arrange the funds sites imposes on along line residents' normal living to the most Ii i-nit. Constru Construc 0 Influence (C) Construction encampment, 1X Reduce ction tion on along material sites, material producing influence of period noise alignment and prepared sites should be far construction residents' away from targets of noise on living environmental protection. () surrounding (lnfluence Properly arrange construction, environment on living reduce influenced tine of to the utmost areas of constructing noise. Avoid limit. And construction highi-noise constructing machine satisfy 0lnfluence operation being used in the same demand of on nearby area. In the road section of <>( operator stop construction. 30 During GB 12523-90 construction, pay attention to )Guarantee choose high-efficiency., low-noise residents' mechanical equipment, and notice normal living repairing, maintenance and lowest is out of acoustic level. To fix acoustic interruption. 66 proof covering for strong-noise equipment according to condition.() In the road section of the short-distance alignments, in which there are schools, construction time of large-sized construction machines lest interrupt normal teaching and learning. ( Operators of pile drivers, bull dozers, spading machines, excavators etc. strong-noise equipments should be equipped with earplugs, so as to strengthen protection(Th To set up shockproof measurement, or give reasonable expiation for nearby buildings. To protect special targets. Traffic (0 Influence ( Alternatives of main noise on along line transportation roads should try to which sensitive be far away from towns, villages, comes spots schools. etc. sensitive spots. (2) from Stop or reduce driving of conveyin conveying vehicles in time of local g of roads traffic peak in order to construct reduce influence of conveying ion traffic noise. materials Operati Traffic ( Influence Strengthen roads management and on noise on sensitive pavement maintenance. Period spots which Keep good operational state of is near away roads in order to reduce from the phenomenon of traffic jam. higlhway 4.4 Prediction and evaluation of Air environment Because present condition of air quality in the areas that the project set up is fine. And its environment afforest is good. This project has little influence on Air environment. What's more the impact that highway project imposes on Air environment is not the main influence, therefore, in this report, we give only brief statement on it. 4.4.1 Analysis about influence of Air environment during construction Air environment pollution during construction period of the proposal highway mainly comes from un-finishied road surface heap sites in construction sites and roads of coining in or out of construction 67 sites etc. Powder dust, smoke which is let oult when proceeding asphalt spread out, and tail gas pollution discharged from dynamic machines. Among them, influence of powder dust and asphalt smo;ke impose on surrounding environment is comparative outstanding. (I)Fly ash pollution Fly ash pollution is mainly during preliminary construction period in the course of roadbed fill. Most fl ash is caused by vehicles' transportation on contraction roads and construction sites. According to investigation of construction spot on the roads, road fly ash censed when vehicles drive and heap sites have the most glaring influence on surrounding environment. 0 Road fly ash Road fly ash is mainly caused when constructing vehicles convey constructing materials. There many factors that cause road fly ash, which has something to with speed of vehicles driving wind speed amount of accumulating dust on the roads and humidity of road surface accumulating dust. Wind speed have direct influence on distance of fly ash. The main transportation, roads in projects impact areas is the original line of rebuilt roads of the project, mainly is sandstone road surface, so there is much fly ash road surface. (D Fly ash in ash soil blending stand During blending course, ash soil and concrete etc. fly ash are prone to give out. Blending sites locate at K70+660, there is no residents in radius 300 meters region around. So it influences the residents of village little. (2) Asphalt smoke Asphalt that the protect needs all adopts merchandise asphalt which is bought from outside, so asphalt blending stands are not set up along the alignments of the project. Pollution of asphalt smoke primarily happens when spreading out asphalt. According to experience scope of smoke polluted is small when spreading out asphalt, and it has light influence on the along line residents. But it has large influence on operating personnel. Constructors must be taken certain projection measurement. 4.4.2 Brief analysis about impact of Air environment during operation In this project, present condition of Air environment along the highway is very good. Capacity of environment is big. After operation of the project and be open to traffic. Air environment is influenced mainly by tail gas of vehicles. Afforest of along the intending to be set up highway is good. Purifying function of air is strong. Tail gas of vehicles during operation has little influence on Air environment. Development of this project has little influence on Air environment. 4.4.3 Alleviating measurement for impact of environment air Alleviating measurement for impact of Air environment of this project please see table 4-4-1. Table 4-4-1 Alleviating measurement for impact of Air environment of the proposed highway. Pe Influenced Main environmental Measurement for Beneficial results ri factors influence environmental protection of measurement od of w or k 68 C Waste gas (D Pollution of tail O)Enhance vehicles' 0j Alleviate on fromtn gas of vehicles to maintenance, insure influence of tail str vehicles' environment vehicles' normal, safe gas and waste uc transportat OPollution of driving. (0 Strengthen gas of tio ion and operation of scientific management of constructing n constructio constructing machines, machines' construction pe n machines to reasonably arrange operation on Air ri machines' environment operating time, and develop environment od operation its biggest efficiency. Fly ash (X) Driving of (0) Enhance transportation (0 Reduce produced convey trucks management, insure that influence of fly in the produced fly ash vehicles normally and safely ash on course of pollution.( drives. (© Scientifically construction sites engineerin Dropped materials choose traffic alignments(t) and range of g material during the course of Periodically sprinkle water trans- portation transportat transportation. ) on transportation roads. At roads 02 Reduce ion Fly ash falls on the least twice a day(on or off second pollution leaves of nearly duty) (0) Powder materials of fly ash agricultural crops, should be packed in cans or OReduce affect bags, transportation of earth, influence of fly photosynthesis and cement, and covered with ash on growtil of normal growth of awning or canvas to prevent crops. vegetation fly ash pollute air. Mixture of 10 Influence on 0) Asphalt is blended 0( Alleviate Asphalt Air intensively. Properly influence of and environment in arrange smoke of asphalt Construction sites Asphalt mixture stand. on farm crops concrete and residents' Adopts advanced asphalt 2 AIieviate district nearby mixture apparatus, and influence on Air villages. match with dust proof environment (lnfluence on equipment. purifying and 03 Alleviate nearb cropsifadischarge facilities asphalt nearby crops in farn influence on land smoke operators' healthi (0) Asphalt mixture stand 4 Make it easy to can't be up wind of sensitive mange spots, it should be aver construction 300m away from sensitive spots. (Operators are equipped with mouth-muffle, goggles etc. They practice shift system, and take medical 69 examination periodically (j)Blending of asphalt avert from growth period of farm Fly ash Impact on down (X Appropriately arrange ©) Alleviate made up of wind sensitive dust soil intensive blending influence of dust and sports stand, equipped with dust soil fly ash on soil . In windy, rainy, proof facilities (® dust soil Air environment ImixtLure snowy climate, blending stand is not (2) Alleviate influence allowed to set up wind of influence on environment sensitive spots, operators' health Of loss of it should be 300m away materials on from .( this stand takes (3) Make it easy environment labor health cave to manage measurement on operators, construction equip mouth-muffle goggles, etc. Heap and Impact on down (O)Heap and put location of 10 Avoid loss put of wind sensitive spots. road-building and waste of Road-build () In windy, rainy, Material should choose at road materials ing snowy climate, the down wind of and its impact on lmaterials influence of loss of environmental sensitive environment materials on spots over loom away environment from it. 0 When encounter bad weather , use canvas to cover ( Protection .measurement of Road-building materials should be reasonable. Reduce amount of heap and make use of materials in time, when necessary, set up fences, and periodically splash water to prevent dust. 70 O Discharge 0 Pollute Air () Strengthen road (0) Reduce pe of tail environment along management and pavement discharge of tail rat Gas of the highway and maintenance, keep fine gas io ve.icles directly influence operation state of road, 0 Alleviate n nearby residents' reduce traffic jam ()pact of tail gas living, healthi and Actively expand utility of pe on environment ri growth of crops. non-lead gas, strictly and the crowds' od implement discharge heati standard of tail gas which is established by the nation 0 Alleviate (®)Afforest along the impact of tail gas highiway, and attain on growth of maintenance of a forestation crops engineering 4.5 Environment impact of solid waste 4.5.1 Analysis about environment impact of solid waste during construction During construction, the main source of solid waste is: Throwing spreading of building materials during transportation, surplus parts after being used and waste soil in cut road section, etc. Moreover, in construction encampment, constructors will produce living rubbish, and building garage will be produced construction sites, etc. Total amount of discarding waste of the whole line in this project is 284 thousand in3. If the above solid waste were dealt with inappropriately, for example, throw living garage, building garage, discarding soil and stone etc into water, or the above garage and waste soil and stone flow into water with run off of rain, whicil will pollute water. If living garage couldn't be cleaned and conveyed. when temperature is high, the garage will five out smelly smell, thus it will result in air pollution. 4.5.2 Environmental protection measurement for conveyance of road-building materials. ( I ) Transport vehicles should obey the native transportation laws, must guard against overload conveyance lest result in the bulky cargo stone materials or other building materials spreading and fell down and stop the transportation. Transportation management section in change of check. (2 ) Construction short cut should be splashed water regularly. Conveyance of road-building materials that are easy to lose should use canvas to cover them. ( 3 ) The undertakers should establish conveying plans, avert forn conveying materials during rushing hour of roads . (4 ) Properly choose roads for conveying stones materials, try to avert from dense residents' districts and schools. When there are slices of residents area 50 meters along the conveying roads conveyance of stone materials at night should be prohibited. (5 ) In the daytime, if noise interruption occurs at schools, residents' district near by the pavement, mobile acoustic proof shields can be adopted to alleviate impact of noise. (6) Strengthens management of conveyance. The undertakers are required to work well in maintenance of vehicles, make grade of vehicles maintain in the lowest level. (7) Survey and testing engineers are required to strengthen supervision and examination of noise. As for indeed due to conveyance of materials make acoustic environment of residents spots along 71 the current highway worsen, can be with local resident to grant certain economic expiation. 4.5.3 Analysis about environment impact of soil waste during operation (1) Living garage food remnant Main source of solid waste during operation is living garage in maintenance working areas, rubbish that is thrown out at random by drivers and passengers during circulation and goods that is thrown or spread from cargo delivering vehicles etc. Solid waste on roads is mainly waste paper, waste plastic bags, boxes and plastic bottles etc. It's harmfulness to environment is destroying the geography and creating pollution in version. So colleting an conveying must do in time. (2) Waste dregs After a period of operation, highway road surface needs to be renovated, which will produce a large amount of waste residue. The residue contains much asphalt etc harmful matters. If they are dealt with inappropriately, for example: bury them into soil, throw them into rivers, and reservoir etc water body, this will lead to soil erosion, and pollution of earth's surface water and underground water. Thus it will affect the nearby crowd's health safety. It also wastes a flood of resources. 4.6 Estimation about impact of social environment 4.6.1 Promoting function of developing district economy It has positive meaning for the development of this project to improve current traffic condition in poor mountains areas. It is a vital measurement to help mountains people to shake off poverty and build up a fortune. Meanwhile, it can quicken the steps of economic development in the city of Ganzhou. It is shown mainly in the following several points: (])This project provides convenient transportation for along line areas. It will quicken the circulation of personnel, materials, information. It is benefit for local agricultural and by-product to circulate outwardly. Thus increase along line peasants' income. After completion of this project, it will cost 40 minutes from Meicun in Gann County to Longbu in Anyuan County. The time is about 3/4 less than that of the current road (3 hours or so).Beneficial result of tine is very obvious. (2) Along line of this project will form highway industry belt. To provide various opportunities of employment. To set peasants free from trammels of agricultural economy. Thus to enhance peasants' non-agricultural income. (3) This project can contact along line traveling resources, to forn exquisite article alignment of traveling. It is benefit to develop along line tourism and develop tour economy; what's more, natural environment of along line is beautiful. After transportation being advanced, it can promote development of new traveling resources (4) With the increment of population, which will promote consumption, arouse the third industry, such as development of food and drinking, servicing business, process of traveling trophies and handicraft articles etc, also it can development local economy, and increase along line peasants' income. 4.6.2 Influence on along alignment peasants' life 4.6.2.1 Influence of land-acquisition According to on-the-spot investigation, most peasants of along line of the project follow agricultural labors. Their income primarily depends on production value of planting industry. Thlerefore, farmiand as for them is the unique source of economic income. The project takes up farmland, which is land of peasants' relying on existence. This will have larger influence on the peasants' life. In this project, the permanent acquisition land is up to 289.65 mu. Land that covered by the project cause partial peasants to lose land or diminish land. These peasants whose land is lost lose living 72 guarantee. If compensation measurement is unreasonable or inappropriate, it will cause peasants whose land is lost suffer a lot in their future life. In accordance with actual circumstance of current compensation of land acquisition and house relocation and arrangement of setting to local government, namely five out compensation to local govern, and then the local government proceeds compensation and settling according to local situation. In the aspect of development unit, the expiation money can be guaranteed to practice in local government; but during the process of local govern granting expiation level by level, the expiation money can not be seized, cut to stay, and transferred; all level of Development of National territory resources management should follow and check situation of implementation of expiation and setting for acquired land. Speed up county level people's government and relevant development cash in the expiation expenses, and practice setting measurement. From actual situation of countryside that along the highway, setting of peasants who lost their farn land, most of them can obtain farmiland through reallocate and adjust the farmiland to continue maintenance the farmer life and work. Only through development unit and government section making joint efforts, can decelerate the impact that acquisition land of the project imposes on along line peasants. 4.6.2.2 Impact of house relocation and moving As for house relocation household of this project, development of the project meaning losing each of their own dwelling places. Whether their future life can be guaranteed or not is closely related to the way how to settle them. According to , the process of immigrant and resettling in this project is responsibled by specific people resettling office. Content in detail is shown in . According to investigation of people resettling office, after farmiland are acquired, only very little people wish to allot the farmiand again or arrange a new job, majority peasant wish to give some compensation in currency. On basis of considering all people's opinion who is influenced, people resettling office of project have got some common suggestion in accord with every basis govermiient. That is as following: Money of compensation for farmiland is paid to people resettling office in coLinty by people resettling office of project, then office of county will pay it to the resettling group of village, at last the allocation and usage method is decided according to opinion of all villagers negotiated. According to the practically interviewing of project assessment group ,the public along line pay much attention to expiation standard of house relocation houses. In light of circumstance that the project group interviewed on the spot, the crowd agreed universally development of the project. But they have large difference in expiation standard of land being acquired and houses being relocated. The crowd whose land has acquired or houses have been relocated think in common that the expiation money whichi can reach them is too less. They hope the relevant department can increase expiation standard. T herefore, if the peasants are settled according to the current established standard, the peasants' living level will be lowered greatly. So the related department must strictly supervise the grant of expiation money, in order to guarantee expiation money approach relocated household. 4.6.3 Alleviating measurement for impact on social environment. Alleviating measurement for impact on social environment is shown in Table 4-6-1. 73 Table 4-6-1. Alleviating measurement for disadvantageous influence on the intending to be setup highway social environment Period Influence Main Measurement for environmental protection Beneficial result of of d environment measurement factors impact work Construc Resident (OResidents' ().Make design try to coordinate with city program , try to avert 01 lnsure that the relocated tion s living quality from towns and villages, dismantle a little, acquire little farmiland , household's living quality period house descend .Before formally start working of the proposed project acquired haven't been lowered, just relocatio 2)Residents' and relocated office was founded, and establish removement n living style arrangement plans , starting out from whole benefits of because their houses are changes. engineering developments orchestrating arrangement, negotiating relocated. well appropriate settlement, strongly publicizes national expiation 02 lnsure stability of policy about acquisition for ground, relocated to remove. relocated areas. 03.For objects of relocated, according to Jiangxi province related document to give them expiation rebuild new house, try not to influence the relocated life. For targets of land-acquired, according to Jiangxi province related do cements to give them expiation is used for solving peasants' resettlement, in order to make no difference in these peasants' living level. (AAII expiation should be granted to the relocated house hold or unit. Relevant units are not allowed to stay or transfer. Take care of the minority community and extremely poor families .let project development develop better social performance. Construc (D)lnterrupt along I .during construction. main conveying passage should be far away Alleviate or avoid impact tion line resident life. form residents' district, try to make use of current traffic alignments, of conveyance for ______________ conveya ~ 92nfluence on fighting for get shortest conveying distance. construction on current 74 nce current C2) Unifies organization management of transportation stop or transportation and along vehicles transportation. reduce vehicles' transportation during traffic peak time in order line residents. to reduce traffic jams. and lower noise. Influence (ID Interruptions 01 when designing, highway design section should negotiate with I lnsure relocated of of highway electric power, post and telexed. section about counter plans and households' living quality construct development methods. Reducing demolition of electric power and isn't lowered due to house ing in electric telecommunication facilities. Those must be relocated should fix relocation. activity power and substitute facilities. and then to dismantle. 0.2nsure stability of the on public telecommuni C)Before construction the main conveying roads should be relocated areas. facilities cation. reinforced to reform, or build pavement to connect with original 02 lnfluence on roads. Distorted road during construction should be repaired at once. current or give expiation to local highway management section to repair it. transportation facilities. Operatio Influence ClAffect the (O)This engineering basically along the original highway to rebuild. n period on along line Development of the highway will be more convenient of the along traveling crowds' trowel live residents' going out. of along ling change living line and working crowds style. and their social communi cation. 75 4.7 Analysis about influence soil erosion 4.7.1 Analysis about cause of soil erosion There are natuiral and human factors that result in soil erosion, Natural factors include climate, topographic features, quality of soil, vegetation etc. Human factors include mainly refer to unreasonable human economic activities, such as: random chops down and severe deforestation, ruining the wood to open up wild country, random cut hills, disorderly scrape sod , depredated mineral development , etc (1) Climate : Weather factors are mainly rainfall. In raining season , heavy rain and rainstorn there is great and strong precipitation , rain spray topsoil with mighty function , whicih make nude soil suffer splashing of rain and run off wash , result in soil erosion . (2) Topography and landforn: They are latent condition of soil erosion. Grade of ground slope, length of slope surface, difference of slope forn all have great influence on soil erosion. Ground of grade of slope is larger than 5 will result in obvious soil erosion; when grade of slope is larger than 15, soil erosion will be very serious; when grade of slope is larger than 25, soil erosion will be very strong (3) Soil geology: Anti-erosion ability of soil has great relation with forming soil mother. The anti-erosion and anti-wash ability of granite efflorescence is the weakest; the second is sand stone weathering thing, purple gravel rock or purple sand shale efflorescence. Anti-erosion ability of limestone weathering thing is strong; Number 4 red soil quality is glutinous and heavy, easy to harden, ability of seeping water is weak, parameter of ground run off is large, and its anti-erosion ability is also weak (4) Vegetation: Vegetation is the determined factor in natural factors that influence soil erosion. The larger covering rate of vegetation is, the less soil erosion is. 4.7.2 Present condition of soil erosion and the negative influence that may result in. To be classified in the light of types of national soil erosion, areas along the highiway lie in southern red soil hilly region. Types of soil erosion are primarily water erosion. Soil erosion will have disadvantageous impact on development of engineering, along line production and living and surrounding ecosystem. Borrow pits, waste banks, embankment and cutting side slope as well as temporary land used for construction are the main places that soil erosion happens. These regions will be regarded as key prevention and protection of water and soil conservation alternatives in this project. Sensitive areas are large cut and fill areas of main part of the project and cut areas of borrow pits, as well as heaping areas in waste banks. These areas will be considered as key areas of monitoring of water and soil conservation in development of this project Water departnent of rivers along the highway is a crisscross network. During development of this project , if reasonable and effective water and soil conservation measurement were not taken to timely prevent and cure latent soil erosion it will result in some negative impact :On one side , it will cause certain degrees of destruction to ecosystem environment as well as land resources along the highiway, result in disadvantageous influence on industrial and agricultural production along the highway and the crowd's production and living as well as down stream flood controls 4.7.3 Total distribution of water and soil conservation measurement It is suggested that project owner should entrust relevant department to establish alternatives of water conservation of this project. The water and soil conservation measurement of this project can be divided into 4 prevention and cure areas namely , corpus engineering prevention and cure area , borrow pits prevention and cure area, waste banks prevention and cure area , and temporary acquired land for construction prevention and cure area The contents of corpus engineering prevention and cure area include : side ditch , drainage gully , alternative gully , bridge head prevention and protection , mortar built stones slope protection , door 76 styled arch slope protection , spread sod or spray sow grass weed , etc The contents of borrow pits prevention and cure area include: Forestation growing grass slope protection , grass-growing slope protection, temporary retaining wall, mortar built stone intercepting ditch , topsoil returns to fill , forestry utility, side ditch in front of walls, and agriculture utility etc Contents of waste banks prevention and cure include: mortar built stone retaining wall and framework slope protection, mortar built stone drainage ditch, side ditch in front of wall, sinking sand pond. rushing current slot and forestry utility etc Contents of temporary acquired land prevention and cure area include: drainage engineering, forestry utility and agriculture utility etc Total distribution of water and soil conservation measurement in controlling areas of this project is shown figure 4-7-1 in detail. 77 Draitiage side ditch. bliuid ditci Enigiineerinig dr ainage ditch saibgrade bieantilent ditci side slope - iiterceptitig ditch slope piotectioti etigiiieeiiiig slope protectioii - imioltar stoiie letaiiiilig itialit etigiiieei ig t etigiiieer-iiig _ platit slope protectioii spiay sow grass seed slope piotectiot prevenitioi iiloiltar stoile fiat mework slope protectioin wl atid etigineentiig suirface protectioui wall hteatisienlt area slope psotectioti tltiee-ditiienisiotial iiet plaitinig grass slope protectioit paveniielit - dr aitiage etigitteeritiig li afforest etigitteertiig - bemis atid ci iislied fallitig plaite afforest slope protectioti . . platit slope grow fotest atid grass slope collect and etigitteeritig piotectioti grass-gr owiiig slope piotection soil borrow pit eoigoceritig r iitercepting ditch preveiittoii ai drainiage eniginieering flood-conitrol draiiioge ditcb treatittett area collect anid lauid iealigitisletit draitiage etigitieeritig - drlaitiage ditch cut plaite elginueering lop soil leturin to fill land titility - foresty a affotestatton atid grass-gtowting utility lanidscape afforest agliculture utility fastii laiid retatititig waste etigipieeritig retaititig waste wall ittortat stoite retaitittig wall slope protectiot sytitlietic slope plotectioit - itiortar stotte firanewotok slope pirotectiot elignieetitig platit slope piotection grass-giowing slope plotect,on topsoil coveritig - laoud leveltig w,aste batiks dr aittage ditcb prevelitiolt - diaitiage syst a riushinig flow groove asid iseaotis t laid teaolisittietit water ietaititlg etttbattksisctit alean etigiiteerinig side ditcih in fiont of wall sillk anod ponid laid utility foaestiy utility afforestatioss anid grass giowinig Coiistlsictsoln sites laiid utility . forest) utility afforestatioti asid grass gi owinig ptevesittoit atid treattileilt area agotculture itility fao-itilaiid Diagram 4-7-1 Schematic drawing of total distribution of water and soil conservation measurement in each prevention and cure area of this project 78 4.7.4 Guarantee measurement for implementation of alternatives 4.7.4.1 Organization and leading measurement In order to prevent the alternatives of water and soil conservation from becoming formalistic, the development unit must strengthen organization and leading work of water and soil conservation for development of the project. Special organization should be specified and appoint personnel who are familiar with water and soil conservation to be responsible for organization and management as well as implementation of this alternative. When bidding for the project, there should be requirement of water and soil conservation in bidding books, and each water and soil conservation engineering of this program ought to be listed into bidding invitation contracts. Contractors' related duty that prevention and treatnent of soil erosion should be clear and definite. At the same tine development units should actively contact with local water and soil conservation supervisor section, and accept conscious local water conservation supervisor section's supervision and checking. Before the corpus engineering being put into operation, water and soil conservation measurement should first checked, in order to ensure "Three at the same time" system to fall into solid place 4.7.4.2 Measurement of technique guarantee. As for choice of construction troops, under the same circumstance, that development unit that have strong water and soil conservation should be chose preferentially. For those construction troops that indeed have difficult in practicing the program of water and soil conservation major department to implement. As far as engineering surveying and management is concerned, development unit should entrust surveying and management organizations which have qualifications of water and soil conservation engineering surveying and management or appoint registered water and soil conservation ecosystem development surveying and management engineering to survey and manage water and soil conservation engineering. In aspects of soil erosion survey and examination, the development should entrust water and soil conservation monitoring organizations that have grade a qualifications to monitor soil erosion in the course of engineering development. And the monitoring units oughlt to establisl monitoring alternatives in the light of requirement of the program then put them into practice. Monitoring results ought to periodically report to water and soil conservation organization of the county that the project lies in. And when water and soil conservation facilities have been completed and checked water and soil conservation monitoring reports on Ganfeng highway from Chongyi County to Fengzhou road should be submitted. 4.7.4.3 The source of funds and their management and use. In (( The People's Republic of China Water and Soil Conservation Law )), the followings are prescribed definitely :Cost for soil erosion prevention caused in the course of development, will be outlaid from investment of basic development. Expense of implement this water and soil conservation alternatives should be included in the total engineering investment budgetary estimation of Ganfeng highway from Meicun in Gann County to Longbu in Anyuan county road project. Development unit should attain special money for special us belongs to the second area of environmental air quality fLinction 4.8 Brief performance create by this engineering 4.8.1 Direct economic performance The national economic performance of project primarily are: (1).The rebuilt higlhway improve the grade of roads ,lower costs of conveyance , thus create beneficial effect. (2).Due to rebuilt of the highway ,mileage of conveyance has been shortened ,Which made 79 conveyance cost of the highway ,and create the beneficial effect. (3).Owing to improvement of running speed, passengers traveling time and time freight in the journey are saved ,which create beneficial effect, 4.8.2 Indirect social performance Indirect social performance that produce by the engineering is multi-aspects, includes Enhance the people's living standard ,improve social economic environment and natural environment ,increase opportullity of employment, promote development of urbanization etc, These beneficial is not easy to be evaluated with currency and in quantity 4.9 Environment Benefit Environmental problems whicih caused in the areas along the highway during constrLIction and operation period are multi-aspects. In the view of direct economic performance and indirect economic performance that bring about by investment of environmental protection are both difficult to measure Here. only briefly and qualitatively analyze environmental and social economy and synthetic performance whichi are broughit by environmental protection Analysis of environmental , economic performance of environmental, protection of the proposed highway please see table 4-9-1. Table 4-9-1 Analysis form of environmental economic performance which are brought by environmental protection investment. Investment for Environmental Social economy Synthetic environmental performance performance performance protection Environmental prevent noise Protect people's Lower protection forn interrupting living producing disadvantageous measure during residents, prevent environment. impact on water construction water Protect land environment to the environment agriculture least. pollution and air forestry and Highway pollUtion. vegetation. development det protect farn-n protect national social public's land ,reform possessions, support. wasteland. security, public Protect animals human body alternative. health , safety. Protect the public's safety .convenien t coining in and going out; Repairing polluting source ground and reformation of local roads.. 80 Inside and Highway Improve integral Improve regional outside of the landscape environment. ecosystem highiway to water and soil Prevent soil environment. afforest and conservation erosion from Guarantee safety of renovate waste further enlarging. highway land. recover or compensate Stability of road conveyance. vegetation. bed. Increase safety of reforn waste Protect land embarks and sense . ~~~~~~~~~of comfort. land improve resource, ecosystem improve using environment value of land. Engineering of l.Prevent traffic l.Protect I.Protect people 's noise prevention noise forn teachling living producing polluting environment in quality and people's acoustic schools. health. environment of 2.Protect along line areas villages' living environment. 3.Protect value of land. Dirty water l.Protect l.Protect water Protect water handling irrigating quality of resource. engineering, ditch ,water irrigating ditch . Lower the drainage quality of rivers. 2.Protection of disadvantageous protection water resource . influence on water engineering 3ewaternandrsoil environment to the 3.water and soill eat conservation least. The public's health! safety. Environmental Monitor l.Protect human I.Econorny and monitoring environmental and living environment environment quality of along creatures existing development management line areas environment. coordinately Protect environment of along line areas. 4.1 0 Safety guaranitee measurement and correspond Besides safety guarantee rules OP4.01, there are others rules for the imbursating project of The World Bank. Assessment task includes primarily sieving , citation and completely adopting their safety measurement. In this project , safety measurement is concluded as following: 81 OP4.04 for natural inhabiting area: If there is no nature protecting area or important natural inhabitant area in local, then this rule can't be apply, otherwise we should give some alarm. OP4. 11 for protecting cultural heritage : Group of environmient assessment must assume to protect cultural heritage and estimating evaluation. If there is no heritage which is needful for protecting in this assessment region, then this rule can't be applied. OP4.20 the transforned 4.10 rule: In the same time group of environment assessment must protect some other local residents in this project region, who are not detected by working group for migration. If it has none, then this rule is not valid. OP4.12 Don't rearrange at will: Migrant resettling group and government of Ganzhou City have appointed to make the resettling plan according to rule 4.12 and other applied laws, rules, policy and local law. The main result and conclusion of migrant resettling investigation should include in this report. OP4.36 Forrest and vermin control: If there is no forest , then pesticide dosage and storage don't permit to increase, otherwise this rule is not applied. OP4.37 Safety of dam, OP7.50 common sea and OP7.60 controversial area----Because dam, common sea and controversial area is not involved in this project, these items is not applied. 82 Chapter Five Public Participation 5.1 schedule of public participation investigation With great cooperation of construction company and local government along the route, environment assessment administration specially proceed the public participation investigation in August and September of the year 2005 .Two investigating forms have been adopted . namely filling in household questionnaire and the group interview .The forner was hold among villagers in the village along the highway; the latter was hold in Shuangyan township and Hanfang township. Before investigation, the public participation questionnaire had been printed in accordance with contents which were going to be investigated and known Model of blank investigation table about the questionnaire is shown in Appendix 2. This public participation investigation is based on filling two types of questionnlaires respectively, then statistic and sum up what have been investigated. In the end, the results of public participation investigation about cost of development project were collected, and relevant opinions and suggestions were put forward. 5.2 Results and method of individual interview and investigation 5.2. 1 Aim and method Individual investigation and household interview are for the sake of knowing about the public along the highway project .Especially acknowledge degree of some problems, such as the residents who may suffer from land acquisition and house relocation , the general situation of the proposed highiway , basic manner of proposed project, about highway construction taking up aquaculture area , policy of land acquisition and house relocation and settling situation and that many bring about environment impact ,etc. Inquiring them about measurement and suggestion of decelerating these disadvantageous impact. Meanwhile, feedback investigation result to construction company , design administration, for consideration to adopt or resolve. When investigate individuals and interview houselhold residents, questionnaires were given out directly to each object of investigation. And the contents requirement and aims of investigation were explained. Then the interviewee fills in the questionnaire by themselves. 5.2.2 Objects and numbers of investigation. In the scope of this investigation, two townships in Gan county are involved, that is, Hanfang and Anyuan, the involved administrative villages are Xiaoben village, Xianrenshui in Hanfang township, ShLiangyan village ,Daokeng village ,Guying, Shiliao village, Shuangyan middle school etc. 5.2.3 Investigation result of individual and household interview Collecting result of household interview is shown in table 5-2-1. Table 5-2-1 Collecting results of the public participating household interview Numbers Rates that Categories Remark;s of persons cover (%) Total numbers of interviewees 60 1 00%0 Do you agree to build this agree 59 98.33 % Ihighway? Against or opposite 0.00°4 Indifferent I 1.67% 83 Land acquisition 26 43 33 ij House relocation 8 13.33°% What is the direct influence Land acquisition and house 6 10.00°S One person didn't that construction of highway relocation fill in this form, on you family? Neither advertise and covering 1% nor dismantle Others 13 21.67 % Whethier development of the Serious impact 4 6.67° 0r I1I persons didn't highiway will bring influence Same impact 26 43.33%t o fill this fonn. on your family's living or Light impact 6 10.0001 c covering 18%. not? No impact 13 21.67%/o Economic incomie 26 43.33% 5 persons didn't Living quality 10 16.67°4 fill this form, Whichi Antageous Everyday going out 3 5.00% covering8%. influences aspects Others 20 33 33 u Some people fill that the ProdLicing labor 2 3.33 % not only one item influence Economic income 0.00°4 imposes Disadvantageous Living quality 0.00oo on? influences Producing labor I 1.67%/ Everyday going out 0.00% Others 0.0001 Do you mind your farn land Mind 10 16.67% 8 persons didn't being acquired or houses Not mind 42 70).(0)0% fill this form. being relocated? Indifferent q 0 (0.00% covering 13%. Do you learn about Learn about 8 13 33 3/o 7 persons didn't compensation policy about Learn about some 35 58.33 %/o fill this form, acqulired land for highiway Don't learn about 10 16.67% covering 11% construction or relocated? Satisfied I l 18.33 °4 Are you satisfied with this Basically satisfied 34 56.67% 8persons didn't fill this form. compensation policy? Not satisfied 4 6.67% covering I'% Indifferent 3 5. 00 c r 1 What klind of pollution do Noise 28 46.67Ne p you think that have larger Fly ash 19 31.67% not only one influence on you during Water pollution 8 13.33 % it onl construction period ? Others 9 15.00%', Noise 20 33.33%0/ 2 persons didn't What kind of pollution do Fly ash 25 41.67 % fill this form. you think that have larger Tail gas of vehicles 6 10.00°u covering3%. influence on you during Some people fill operation period ? Others 18 30.00 not only one project. What measurement that you Highway afforest 40 66.67 % 7 persons didn't 84 suggest to dissolve these Acoustic-separating wall 6 10.00%0 fill this form, influence? Routs adjustment 2 3.33% S covering I i%. Som-e people fill Others I0 16.67% not only one itemn. Do you have othr oWish that the project can be started as early as possible, to serve for and yughavesot aopinion development of local economy. and suggestion about the .vo eofi 2. Policy about dismantlement should be definite ,and be adjusted according to development of this hig.iway? national standard and condition. The related policy about dismantlement should be implemented in households. 5.3 Results and method of group interview 5.3.1 Topics of group interview Topics of group interview includes: J)Positive influence that the construction of purposed highway on local development of social economy? 4©what kind of disadvantageous impact that construction of this project on local place'? Are there any decelerating measurement and suggestion? 5.3.2 Objects of group interview In this project, four times of the public participation group interview had been arranged. Objects of group interview and its numbers in detail is shown in table 5-3-1. Table 5-3-1 Condition about objects of group interview Serial number Objects of interview Numbers of persons I Villagers in Daokeng village 10 persons 2 Villagers in Shuangyan village 7 Persons 3 Officials in Shuangyan township 9 Persons 4 Xiaoben village in Hanfang township 10 Persons Add up 36 Persons 5.3.3. Minute of group interview I( )Positive influence that construction of the proposed highway on local social development. Leaders and the public of each township all support construction of this highway and hope this project can start construction as early as possible. They think that highway development is beneficial for both local as well as along line economic development and the crowd's production and living. Highway development helps to promote local circulation and assembling of population, things and information, to improve ability to undertake the task of inviting outside investment. (2) Disadvantageous influence that the development of the proposed highway imposes on locality and its alleviating measurement and suggestion. C)lhighway development will acquire land , We should save land as much as we can . and solve problems of recovering temporarily used land . (2)During construction and operation period , highiway development will cause water pollution .air pollution ,noise pollution and destruction of ecosystem environment . After completion of the project, air, noise, water, ecosystem etc ought to reach standard according to national standard and in advance attain noise prevention. C3) Highway development will have influence on water conservancy facilities and development of new country sides etc, aspects. Local water conservancy protection department should get involved in advance so as to protect current existing water conservancy facilities. 85 Recovery of water conservancy facilities, maintenance of passages and highway afforest and realignment world are suggested doing. If there is damage, its original appearance should be recovered after completion of the project. In addition, consideration of subside in planting cost should be directed at soil erosion which is caused. ( Houses house relocation programming of settling places and village or township development must proceed simultaneously . Problems about the crowds' house moving, please consider moving to build. Standard of compensation, base of newly-built houses, pavement etc. problems should be considered fatherly. Benefit that involves peasants ought to be protected well standard of land-acquisition and tearing down ought to be enhanced as much as possible. (05 Farmiand , houses, trees ancestral graves , water conservancy facilities .environment protection facilities etc are required to compensate , or recover in accordance with national standard . (©)In road sections of schools, highway development should be strengthened prevention measurement so as to insure students' safety of going out. 5.4 Main problems and handling opinions. Throughi comprehensive analysis, opinions about development of the highway that put forward by along line villagers and government are mainly the followings: (l)Government of towns, villages along the highway all agree on the development of this highway. Most of residents along the alignments agree to establish the highway. Most of residents along the alignments agree to establish the highway. About 98% interviewees are for development of this project. They think that the completion of highway and being open to traffic can lead regional economic development and make interflow of commodities convenient, improve residents' living standard. They express that they are willing to obey acquisition land house relocation and resettlement for the engineering. 2% interviewees don't think highway construction has some effect on them. (2)ln this investigation of the public participation, those involved with land acquisitioni and house relocation cover about 67% of the interviewee. About 60% interviewees consider that the highway development have impact on their life. The households who have been acquired land and their houses been relocated are satisfied or basically satisfied with the government's compensation policy cover 75% or so. Most houselhold whose land being acquired and whose houses being relocated don't know compensation policy very much. It can be shown from the investigation that, about 43% and 33% interviewees think development of this highway will enhance their income and make along line residents' labor convenient. About 37.3 1% and 62.69% interviewees believe that the highway can improve residents' living quality and condition of going out (traveling); About 17% objects of investigation believe that highway can improve resident's living quality; But there are also about 1% interviewees point out that highiway development may lower a part of along line residents' living standard and affect their traveling. They suggest that if possible. compensation standard for acquisition land should be enhanced properly, and the compensatory payment ought to be directly handed out to the relevant households. (3)Along line local government and residents pay much attention to problems of fly ash, noise, water pollution. About 47% interviewees think that highway development will bring impact of noise. About 32% interviewee believe that construction will bring fly ash; About 13% persons point out that water pollution during construction way have influence on their living. Therefore, construction supervision and management should be strengthened. Provide normal producing and living environment for along line residents are to be noticed. (4)After being set up and open to traffic, the public universally concern the impact of car noise, highway dust and discharge of tail gas of vehicles on roadside residents. 67% interviewees advise to decelerate disadvantage our influence through highiway afforest. What's more, aboLIt 10% interviewees suggest adopting "sound-proof wall" to alleviate disadvantageous influence that caused by traffic noise. Therefore, in addition to seriously adopt related environment measurement put forward in report book, this project will combine development of road afforest belts, make the traffic notes, tail gas, pavement powder dust pollution etc. that brougIlt by this engineering be controlled in the permitted range. (5) Choice of alignments of highway will have certain influence on along line resicdents. About 3% interviewees put forward alignments need to be adjusted in order to reduce disadvantageous impact on residents. And they put forward adjustment plant that they believe 86 more suitable. This evaluation will report the real situation whichi was reflected by along line public accurately to designing department and owners units, who should consider fully along line residents' practical interest. In the situation that the engineering permitted, local residents' request should try to be satisfied. 5.5 Announcement and feed back of information ( 1 ) In next stage, TV, radio, newspaper, column will be made to announce information about significance of development, direction of alignment, migration and settlement, environment to the public. ( 2 ) All documents about environment as reporting of influence on environment, environment management plans and summarize about environment evaluation will be announced to the public. The development units will deposit all documents about environment that are related to this project in reference rooms and setting office, At the same time . depositing plastic places of documents about environment will be announced in newspapers. Under this condition, the public need not through government, but can immediate check through relevant information. ( 3 ) Development unit will set up complaining telephones for environment protection in all levels of immigration and settlement organizations. The public's complaints about environment protection of highway development will be collected and recorded. After receiving complaints, development units will go to the spot for solution together with local environment department within 48 hours. (4) According to various environmental measurements that are put forward in reporting books of evaluation about environment, Guangzhou Bureau of Highway Management will proceed shadow investigation in the periods of design, construction, and operation. For example, to investigate along the proposal highway persons who have been influenced by environment: To collect the public's opinions. ( 5 ) Jiangxi province Bureau of Environmental Protection will make checks on implementation of environmental protection measurement. 5.6 Conclusion of the public participation Development units and designing units attach much importance to the public's opinions. And they will consider these opinions during the alignment designing. As far as environmental problems that are brought by this project is concerned, environment evaluation units and designing sections have produced corresponding environmental protection measurement. And they will obtain influenced objects' approval. During preparations and design of earlier stage, this project fully and nicely negotiated and communicated with local government social groups, the public in all circles, choose with the line form, mutual communication and linking line establishment environmental protection, immigration and settlement etc various all reflect the public's opinions. For these reason. this project obtains the public' supports 87 Chapter 6 Conclusion 6.1 Present condition and impact analysis of environment along the route 6.1.1 ecosystem environment (1) According to the investigation, the route does not cross or close to various levels of natural reserves that national and provincial designate . There is no national protected rare and precious plant along the evaluating region. (2) Majority of ecosystem environmental impact in higlhway construction is reducing the farmiland area, vegetation destroying and soil erosion. Trough carrying out some protecting environment measurement .such as planting trees, planting grass ,protecting slope and so on, ecosystem environment destroyed by it can be reduced much. (3) Highway reconstructing will acquire 1477.45 mu land, including paddy field, forest farmiland, hill land, etc. It stand only 0.019% in total land area of surrounding region. When it is compared with the total area, land acquired by highway is very little. Part of acquired land will lost the function of agriculture permanently. It will bring some impact to agriculture and forestry. Througlh adjusting the utility value of the land , the impact can be reduced. 6.1.2 Water environment (I )Through on-the-spot investigation, all water in the range of assessment that involved in project is not the source of intensively drinking water , and is not water catchment of intensive type drinking water. It won't create directly impact on residents' normal drinking water. Monitoring result of water quality at present condition shows that the quality of water can reach the requirement of standard Class III in ((Standard about Quality of Earth's Surface Water)) (GB3838 - 2002). (2)Producing and living wastewater in construction sites of bridges will influence water environment. Therefore, sites choices for construction encampment near the bridges must be in reason. Living wastewaters should be treated to reach the standard before drainage. By taking correlation preventing measurement, and carrying it out strictly , then it will alleviate impact of project construction on water quality. For example, construction encampment, construction area and material piling sites must be far away from water source sites, Asphalt, oil, limestone, cement are strictly prohibited to be piled up there, and civilized construction and water quality protection are promoted. 88 6.1.3 Acoustic environment ( 1 ) In this noise monitoring assessment , all measuring spots don't go beyond the noise standard which is executing. It is shown that acoustic environment of the region along the purposed highway is better. (2) Noise during construction of the highway primarily comes from noise which caused by construction machine and cargos generally, the notice is characterized as high and disorderly etc. If it isn't been controlled, it will be have certain impact on environment of both sides the highway. In the daytime, noise of construction machines conforms with the standard limited value of ((Limited Value of Noise in construction sites boundary)) (GB 12523-90) in the place which is 40 meters away from construction sites. At night, it in line with the standard Limited value of GB 12523-90 in the place which is 300m away from construction sites. (3) Noise comes from construction machine at night has serious impact . If there are residents in the range of 300m of construction sites, it is prohibited to use high noise construction machine, and should try to avoid working at night .The fixed location of construction machine operation sites , should be located at the place where in the range of 300m of the place are no schools and larger residents' district . (4) Because the volume and speed of automobile both are little, in daytime predicted value of traffic noise along all route don't go beyond standard, at night the value of few sensitive spot is out of standard. ( 5 ) After shielding measurement(For example, partially set up soundproof shieldilig, properly adjust routes or dismantle and move the residents who suffer from noise, etc.) is set up at the section of highway where there is sensitive object , the influenced value of traffic noise of sensitive objects at night will be reduced and can reach the standard during operation of the higlhway. 6.1.4 Air environment (1 )Present air environment condition Monitoring of the purposed highway shows that NO2. TSP reach the class II of <> (GB3095-1996).1t shows the quality of air at present is well. (2) During highiway construction , air pollution is mainly including blending of ash and soil, second fly dust from construction machine , return filling anid constructing vehicles , etc. The 89 corresponding measurement (such as splashing water) should be taken to make the pollution slightly. During construction , whisking sites should be set at the area which is 300m away from sensitive spots. It is good to protect the crowd's health. (3) After completion of the item and open to traffic, it is primarily waste gas of automobile influence environment air. Good afforest in the areas along the highway , and strong purifying function of air, waste gas during operation will have little impact on environmental air . 6.1.5 Solid waste (l)During construction, the main source of solid waste is: Throwing spreading of building materials during transportation, surplus parts after being used and waste soil in excavation of road segment, etc. Moreover, in construction encampment. workers will throw out garbage, and building garbage will be produced in construction sites, etc. By piling up in fixed places and cleaning and carrying away in tine ,can alleviate its impact on environment . (2) Main source of solid waste during operation is garage in maintenance working areas, rubbish that is thrown out at random by drivers and passengers during journey and goods whichi is thrown or spread from cargo delivering vehicles etc. Manage to collect and clean it and then carry it away timely can alleviate its impact on environment. 6.1.6 Social environment (1) After the route is reconstructed, the status of highway will improve much. It is necessary condition for getting more investment and developing economy. At the same time, many industry will booming by this. It will provide more job chance for society and quicken the people to shake off poverty. (2) According to statistics, there are altogether 16743 m2 buildings should be relocated along the route. In construction, unnecessary house relocation will be avoid as much as possible. 6.2 Conclusion of comprehensive assessment Above all, constructing highiway from Meicun to Longbu have profound meaning for improving the present transport status of the poor region full of mountain. It is the important measurement to help the poor people to shaking off poverty and make an fortune. Project construction will benefit for the collecting and distributing of people and loads in Jingjiu Railway. It will be good for speeding up highway network building, and it will be benefit for improving synthetic transportation network, it will save tine in connecting between counties and counties to 90 township. This project will have certain disadvantageous impact on environment along line during construction and operation, especially basic farmiland acquired have important impact on production activity of agriculture and people who possess of these farmiland. But as long as the policy of "Three synchronous" is carried out strictly .And the alleviating measurement and suggestion whichi is put forward in this report will be put into practice, the impact of the engineering on environmental will be controlled effectively. Accordingly, it is considered in this assessment that, if the construction company can fulfill the national policies of farmiland, preventing soil erosion, house relocation and allocation about construction project ,and acquire the improvement of correlation administration, development of the highiway is feasible from the point of environmental protection. 91 Chapter Seven environmental management plan 7.1 Contents of the environmental management plan Contents of the environmental managing plan include environment constructing plans, environment inspecting and managing plans, environment monitoring plans. Environment constructing plans: environment protection constructing plans means a series of measures which are put forward to alleviate and avoid negative influences during project designing constructing and operating, including the monitoring plans and managing plans. Environment monitoring and managing plans: their destinations are supervising the construction of alleviating measures, and ensuring to achieve the scheduled environment protection goal. Environment monitoring plans: their destinations are monitoring behavior of environment monitoring, evaluating environment influences, finding out occasional influences and put forward new alleviating measures. The environment managing process of this project please see diagram 7-1 7.2 Environment managing organization The environment managing process of this project please see diagram 7. 1-I World Bank Environmentalmanagement Consult service Preparation Put forward the project Environmental assessment Feasibility Study Environmental management] Assessment I Plans l Environmental monitoring and Negotiation Preliminary design management Execution Devel Environmental Ievelopment monitoring completion and check before F Supervision Completion Figure 7. 1-1 Procedure of highway environmental management 92 7.2 Environment managing organization Environment managing organization during construction and operation, please see diagram 7-2. Jiangxi Province EP office of Highiway Managemilenit Adminiistrationi in Commu111lnication Departmenit Jiangxi Province EPA Super ising l l ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~organization .lianoxi Provinlce Com11111LInicationl Departmieiit Hi-liway ognzto Project otllice finiaiiced by tlle World Banik (2environmliental experts ) GanzhoU mullicipal __. EPA vrdya Contrac tor n2expert Design Environmen Environie Supervising s major team(Chin tal ntal Organizatio n in ese assessment moniitorinlg environ Corporatio team(Jiangx Company ment n of i Provincal in Ganzhou Highway Environmen City Project tal Consulting Protection and scientific Monitoring Research )5people Institute) 2people _ | Environmental Monitoring GanzhIou City Highway Environmental a Management monitoring Oandzprion Administration (at least Company in one environmental Environmental Monitoring and Operation Execution Organization Table7.2-1 Organization of environmental management From the diagram above we can see, the environment managing organization can de divided of managing organization and supervising organization. Table 7-1 and table 7-2 describe the responsibility of managing organization and supervising organization respectively. 93 Table 7-2-1 Duty of environment managing organization Organazation Duty Remarks Design and Construction Jiangxi Provincial Project design and environmental management during construction One full-timile DOC Project period: ensure that there is terms of environmental requirement and environmental Management mitigation monitoring office (PMO) personnel Design panel Design combine environmental requirement and mitigation Environmental Analyze environmental feasibility, latent environmental impact, put assessmient panel forward mitigation and submit environmental assessment report and environmental management plan: assist design panel and PMO to put mitigation into bid documents Environimenital Participate environmental training organized by Jiangxi Province monitoring and DOC. Project management oi'fice: supervise environmental action management and execution of' environmental management plans during construction, put down problems that are discovered and put forward mitigation: submit environmental monitoring report to Jiangxi Provincial Department of Communication Contractors Put environmental requirement into bid and execute all mitigation Every contractor is measures which are listed in EMP, participate environmental training equipped with one organized by Jiangxi Provincial DOC. put down environmental person who majors executation and submit formal environmental report to Jiangxi DOC. in environment Ganzhou Monitoring quality of' air, noise and water during construction Municipal period, submit formal environmenital report to liangxi Provincial Environmental report to Jiangxi Provincial DOC Monitoring Station (EMS) Operation period Chongyi County Environmental management during operation phase One person who Administration of major in Commounication environment Ganzhou Environmental monitoring during operation phase and submit formal Municipal EMS monitoring report Table7-2-2 Duty of environment monitoring organization Organization Responsibility Ganzhou Project environment monitoring and management: carry out suitable laws and regulation as Municipal well as criteria: Coordinate environmental measures of each relevant section: check and Administration of monitor operation of development completion and environmental devices Environmental protection An yuan County Help Ganzhou Municipal AEP to complete daily work AEP 94 7.3 environment management Plan 7.3.1 Environmental protection plan Environmental assessment panel and design panel put forward a series of alleviating measures about designing period constructing period and operating period, please see table 7-3 in details. Jiangxi Province Communication Department and local communication department have admitted all of the measures. As the proprietor, Ganzhou Hongtai road construct limited company will be in charge of the measures directly. Table 7-3 -I Environmental protection constructing plans of this project Respons Implementing ible Latent negative influence Alleviating Measurement Organizationi Organiz ation I .Design with meticulous care. 2.Establish and carry out fair settlement O)ne. Stage of plan and design Plans give expiation. I.Promote ability to defend against flood 3.While designing. try to acquire less land 2.ln land used for roads residents' 4.Design with meticulous care and make it movement and settlement Be harmonious with terrain (Landscape) 3.Distruction of land resources 5.Porvide passage which has fitting position .liangxi 4.1,oss of environmental beauty and quantity poic 5.Block traveling etc. increase time of Designing province 6.Fncrease numbers ol' drainage ocular, set 'I ranspo running about .units up drainage outlet to avoid cascade etYect. rtation 6.Clear or dark drainage ditch spread stones or concrete along flushing owner concentrating flowing water results in surface erodingt soil which laver than roadbed 7.Make pavement drainage do not directly 7. Polluting enter the farm land to irrigate 8.Sotl erosion in borrow pits or waste 8.Reasonably choose borrow (waste) pits to banks avoid borrowing soil new the course Of rivers Two. Constiuction period I.Suffering torm erosion of construction ILUse covering or fibers to protect sensitive sites and new slice of roads and waste surface, and grow plant which garbage and make deposit of rivers Suitable is to native environment Jiangxi Provinc iicr-ease 2.Through fine operation to avoid e 2.Oil/engine/fuel that produced in accidentally sprinkles equipmiient plants and asphalt blending 3.Install contamination-controlling device. Iranspo r-tati on stand and painting's pollution to soil appropriately select please. Under taker And water/stable soil blending stand 4.Periodically. sprinkles water in temporary 3.Pollation ol Air environimlenit asphalt road, installing muffler on the Departm ent blending stand Equipments and maintain in time 4.Powder dust and noise, air pollution 5.Stop the construction. notify the cultural Owner In construction sites relics protection and management section. 6.Through design make it melted with 5.During construction. discover, terrain (landscape), supporting again the 95 un-surveyed under broken earth's surface Groulid cultural objects 7.Sign contract with relevant section 6. Terrain crushed results form constructing smoothen betbre house relocation, try to dam /fill and stores -collecting reduce influence 7. Interfere along line highway facilities 8.Strengthen traffic management at possible (clectricity, communications etc) traffic spots 8.Under construction affect current 9.Provide proper toilet and dustbin highiway traftic conditions strengthen environment management 9.At construction site. bad sewer facilities 10.Periodically check workers health when solid x, aste necessary to handle 10.Possible iinfections disease between I ITake measurement to avoid creating workers and native crowd stirring up ground. and periodically spray I I.Crate temporary germ (mosquito) the medicine brcedinig and habitat places, such as 12.Push aside surface of soil and intensively stagnant water pond facing the sun pile. After construction level land as quickly 12.1nfluence of large quantities of soil as possible, recover surface of soil shorten -borrowing on land time of land acquired. adopt cutting slope to 13.1nfluence of large quantities of soil open grade. retaining wall etc. measures to -discarding on land prevent soil erosion 14.Acquire wood land 13.Adopt blocking waste soil, level the land and affo'rest land etc. Measurement to prevent soil erosion 14.Recovery of vegetation transplant of rare and precious plant I.Set up acoustic shield or adopt other noise proof' measurement, control technical conditions of vehicles. which start on journey reduce air pollution, enhance ability TIhree. Operation period to public transportations and tratfic I.Air environment pollution and noise management pollution created bv operation of vehicles 2.Maintain /at'orest carefully, strengthen 2.Soil erosion protection engineering Jiangxi 3.Pollution of highwvay runoff 3.Make pavement drainage don't eater province 4.Pollution 1'romi life service ai'ea livinig irrigating system in farmland directly Owner 'ranspo water and oil-containing dirty water 4.Use dirty water handing facilities rtation 5.1t is disorderly at the roadside 5.Provide handling facilities, establish Owner 6.Accornpany with vehicles traffic and transportatio produceaccidntsrik provision that throwing waste thing at one's transportation produced accidents r-isk thuswilspr[bte will is prohibited can result in poisonous matter scatter and 6.Establish and implement handling plans tall down / injured or die for emergent accidents set up necessary Organization and managing procedure. reduce damage resulting trom accident 7.3.2 environment inspect and management Plan 96 Plans about environment monitor and management are for the destination that mnaking the measures which alleviate the negative influences to be taken effectively, also for the destination that making sure of arriving the criterion of the requirement of the environment. Table 7-3-2 Plans about environment monitoring and management Project phase Unit Contents of monitoring Targets of monitoring Design & Ganzhou Submit environmental assessment report; Strictly perform the Itree at construction Municipal submit and supply expense of one time' policy of design. period Administration of environmental protection and alleviating construction, operation and Environmental measures expense: submit monitoring report EPA of design: insure local Protection and check the manage of air, noise, water environmental protection Anyuan County quality and waste materials and dangerous correspond with law and AEP materials store and treatment in the control rule: insure the performance point : borrowing(waste) site recover and of the plan of land take-up others alleviating measure; inspect carrying and water and soil instance of EMP/EAP: build pollution conservation : insure the control facility in engineering: check the facility of pollution control control measure of disease and blast hidden satisfy the design demand. trouble Operation Ganzhou Submit monitoring report : put the new Insure the performance of Municipal alleviating measure: check and accept the EMP: insure to solve Administration of operation of environmental sensitive point : accidentally environmental Environmental deal with the environmental accident and problem: reduce the rate of Protection help to survey case. environmental happen Anyuan County AEI 7.3.3 environment monitor Plans 7.3.3.1 operation of environment monitor plans For the destination that make sure of all the alleviating measures be taken effectively, and refine EMP in time, environmental assessment team design the monitoring plans as follow, the monitoring woke would be entrusted to Ganzhou municipal environment monitoring station. Please see table 7-5 in details. Table 7-3-3 environment monitor Plans E nviron Monitorin Implementin Monitoring Monitorin Monitoriig Responsible Supervising mental g g location g project time Agency Agency Factors Frequency Agency Brow pits, waste Air banks and Four times cngy Supervising Guangzhou city Air city surrounding of a year. and managing Environimental environm TSP Once a day Environment part of Random company or Protection cnt Monitoring constructing check owner BuLreau station roads sensitive 97 spots such as Xiaoben, Shuang yuan high school X iaoben, Guangzhou Daokeng primly once/a Supervising Guangzhou city A day. each city Spriig Gaghuct school, Shuang month, and managing Environmental Noise Noise daytime and Environment yuan high school Random company or Protection night once Monitoring copn orPtein etc. shool and check owner Bureau stationl village twice/a Bridge location year (even Two days Guangzhou Earth's of Shuangyuan COD , water each time , city Supervising Guangzlou city and managing Environmental surface bridge on the pH, SS, period and once each Environment water small river petroleum dry season morning and Monitoring company or Protection owner Bureau respectivel afternoon station y once) 7.3.3.2 Environment monitor reporter The result of the environment monitor should be written as a formal monitor reporter. Environment monitor station need to afford the reporter during conducting and operating, during the conducting, also need to afford the season reporter to the contractor, during the operating, need to afford the annual reporter to Ganzhou communication department and environment department. In the report, the check will be carried out to find out whether the result satisfy the environmenital standard, and whether need new measures to alleviate the new problems which are monitored recently. These measures will be put in practice after being admitted by the Jiangxi Provincial communication department and local communication department. The employers should response to the report, when the occasional accidents are monitored and checked, he need to organize to check, give an official and revise new alleviating measures whicil had better be taken immediately. Contracting period of this project is 2 years, monitoring expense is estinated about 50000yuan per year, monitoring expense during operating period is about 30000yuani per year, meanwhile proper amount of the expense need to be kept at the beginning. Eimployers should provide experts to keep afforestation, smooth flow, drainage system, bridges and roads. 7.4 Personnel training In order to enhance the ability of the project organization to manage environment. related personnel are in tending to be trained about environment protection, specially made training plans of project environmental protection (please see table7-4-1) expense budget is estimated aboLit 98 170,000 Yuan. Table 7-4-1 Plans about personnel training Serial ITarget of Expenses numbe Contents of training Time Place Scale training (Yuan) r National environmental Environmental protection laws and Numbers IProtection regulations the main 2 months Of I Monitoring environment problems betore Nanchan persomn: 3 15000 And of this project. construction g Lasting Managing environmental of this project Period: Engineers protection monitoring 1 5days devices etc Learn from internal advanced environment Numbers of Pro ject Half month Domesti environmenta managing experiences. persons: 3 environmental Or 12 months c n ~~~~And apply the Lasting 6U0000 Management construction Or In knowledge to ..Period: 1.5 personnel of this project China environment days management of projects National environmient protection laws and regulations, the main environment problems of this project. Under construction Numbers of tJndertakers One month announcemilents Persons: 3 Environmental before Nanchan 3 environmental Lasting 15000 Protection construction g protection and Period: 1.5 workers Of the project measurement tor . days environmental protection. Environmental protection monitoring engineer' duty etc National relevant laws All Conveyance of and regulations and With in two dangerous management provisions months beiore Nanchan managmg 4 Personnel 70000 articles checking of dangerous articles. the highway g In toll personnel basic knowledge about open to traffic station dangerous goods. 99 Serial T1arget of E:xpenses nulilbe Contents of training Time Place Scale training (Yuan) Procedure of vehicles declare to check. contingency plans. fire fight knowledge etc 7.5 Estimation about expense of environment protection 7. 5. 1 Estimation of environmental protection investment (I ) Environnent protection design and cost estimation The principal content of environment design and environment cost in this project is shown in table 7-5-1. Table7-5-1 The principal content of environnent design and environnent cost in this project Design Items Content of design Cost Excution unit Protection of I.Optimized design, Calculated in Ganzhou land compress the slope; cost of Hongtai 2.Arrange the route at the project design highway foot of hill slope. Constructi on 3.Borrow soil from hill land. Company, 4.Take less farmland for Ltd., temporary occupied land. Institution of Protection of 1. Design the bridge and comminunic Basic culvert. ation establishm-nent 2.Set temporary and programmni of convenience culvert, and ng and farmnland(ditch access road. design in and road ) 3.Change, recover ditch and Jiangxi road. Province, Institution Protection 1. Protecting engineering of of engineering of roadbase and drainage Highway roadbase engineering design. reconnaiss 2. Management of borrow pit. ance and 3.Design of protection forest design of for roadbase. Jiangxi Province Protection of l.Drainage design. the quality of 2. Protecting slope road earth surface design. water 3.Protecting water design of 100 bridge and culvert construction. 4.Design of solid waste treatment. 5. Alarming board design. Highway I.Slope virescence for virescence roadbase virescence. project 2. virescence for borrow soil pit. Noise Control 1. virescence forest. 2.Symbol board. 3. Noise obstruct window. (2) Estimation of environment protection measurement and cost in operation The chief protection measures and investment estimation of this project during construction and operation are showed in table 7-5-2.. Table 7-5-2 General forn of the main of environmental protection of this project and expenses. Environmental problems Measurement of environment Amount of money (ten protection thousand Yuan) Environmental protection I.design of environmental protection Bring into design during construction during construction expense of engineering Acoustic environment I .Control constructing time 2.Construction encampment, material sites, blending stand etc is away form sensitive spots>=300min 3.Notice choices and maintenance of constructing machines 4.operatiors of Constructing 2 machines and the on-the-spot monitoring and managing personnel's hygiene protection Water environment l.Construction encampment septic 70 tanks. Cleaning and carrying out of rubbish, set up dustbin 2.Dealing with construction dirty 35 water 3.Construction of bridge culvert, 70 prevent it forn polluting rivers 101 4.Measurement of piling up of 4 building materials to prevent rainwater wasting. 5.cleaning of construction sites, 4 Air environment I.Equip construction sites with 2 27 sprinkler trucks. 2.Conveyance of powder materials are packed with bags or can, Pile up 16 and set up canvas. 3.Operatios in the dust soil blending station, asphalt blending station, and 2 their hygienic protection 4.convegance of soil sand, stones cannot surpass the height of carriage board to prevent forn scattering and falling down. 5.Sites choices of dust soil blending station and asphalt blending stand and choices of equipment. Security I.Security equipment and monitoring in construction sites. 2. Conveyance of building materials averts forn peak time of transportation. Reduce crowded of the current roads prevent traffic accident. Monitoring and management I.Erinvironmental monitoring and 70 during construction management in ex-period of construction and construction period. 2.surveying and management of 52 engineering The above expenses of engineering environmental monitoring should bring into expenses of engineering monitoring. Total amount 352 (3) Investment items and cost estimation of environment protection engineering According to primarily files, investment items and cost estimation of environment protection engineering of purposed highway is shown in table 7-5-3. Table 7-5-3 Environment engineering investment and cost estimation No Environment Quantity Cost Remark protection (ten measurement thousand 102 I Environnent 34.74935 3.23 A section 12530 protection kin yuan and B section 19087 virescence yuan 2 Crop 34.74935 367.27 A section compensation km 3126064yuan for farmiand B section 546668 yuan 3 Resettlement 34.74935 904.88 A section 1005490 compensation yuan cost B section 8042885 yuan 4 Sum up 1275.38 (4) Environment management and cost estimation of period For purposed highiway, environment management and cost estimation in operation is shown in table 7-5-4. Table 7-5-4 general chart of the primary measures of environmental protection and estimation of expense during operation Projects Concrete Expenses of each Amount of lImplementing contents year (ten money (ten units thousand Yuan) thousand Yuan) Management of Daily 6.0 120 Ganzhou city environmental environmental H ighway protection protection and Management management Bureau and (personnel wages Ganzhou city transact expenses Environimental etc.) protection Expenses of 20 400 bureau afforest and maintenance Collecting solid 30 60 waste, environmental hygiene maintenance Environment Expenses of 3.0 60 Inonitoring environmental monitoring during operation . 103 Personnel Expenses of 2.0 40 training personal training Check before Expenses of 20 acceptance after environmental completion, protection check investigation before acceptance after completion, investigation Environmental Measurement of 17.0 340 protection noise prevention measurement during middle or and expenses future of reserved operation period or house which surpass the standard should be used as other utility or grant certain economic expiation Environment Unforeseen 2.0 40 Engineering environmental protection projects annex the expenses Add up Operate 20 years 1080 (form the year of 2007-2027) (5) Summarize of estimation of environment protection cost in this project The total investment of environment in construction and operation period of purposed higlhway is shown in table 7-5-5. Table 7-5-5 Environment protection cost estimation table No Name Cost(ten thousand) Environment protection measurement and cost in operation 352 period 2 Environment protection engineering investment cost 1275.38 3 Environment protection cost in operation period 1080.0 Sum up 2707.38 104 Figure2.1-1 Geogroaphic Location of Highway from Meicun(Gan county) to Longbu(Anyuan) scl 71 20000 AIQ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1<~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~11 Run of the Highway from Meicun to Longbu(An' yuan) and Distribution of Monitoring Sites[W 1ac h Run of the Highway from Meicun to Longbu(An' yuan) and Distribution of Monitoring SitesL2] N ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Iooyhu highway +~~~% Figure3.2-1 Present Condition of Land Use along the Project Area 31~~~~~~~~~1f -3 ' 3 hffltI - J , XLegend li~~~~~~~~~~~~~- VIeer V ..do.nid :.t, ... , a rotmd I.d i FS ~~~~~~~~~~~,lld ~It.rr d TV C- 1-d _ - -.4 Ir G tod I ofs. lIfle ' " ..d. I I £ u 1 lul~~~~~~~~-hd - 10 - d _ .... b le oie I .dt 0; x I i silh 11Wt1e ;m N.h X-i dl- -i1i The position relation diogram between contruct project and natural sanctuary _:.;._ - _ m*ffff^Mws t 'zffi*wm 1 b M P E ,,., " R ,,62 , 6 , , , A PE 0 -'1VJ ~~~~~' v , ....B!R_ ,, F at AnLAt'i U. - Legend Qiyiun.how mtm1 provincal natural sanctuary "A 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~ national natural sanctuary 9 ~ ~ ~~*capital of province cities * W7 constrsff v uct project county (city) boundary of counties Ji.lianshan nat-.I!___ C-intruc Lion Droject r 1: .800,000 0 60 120 240 360 489. tW:'te7rs^@ rk '''# t;','w' ......... t' ''st'' '' -e: .-v.> ................ -.:: f-; -.  t , ,sZ,-,;;#r; . ' ti c ; .igi - Xv.zw .iFi - i ! ! l ! - l . UE r i I !!