STRATEGY AND CORPORATE SERVICES DIRECTORATE ABBREVIATED RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN FOR THE PROPOSED ELECTRICITY SERVICE ACCESS PROJECT – COMPONENT A2, EASTERN PROVINCE PREPARED BY ZESCO LIMITED/ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS UNIT SEPTEMBER, 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) requested for World Bank financing for the Electricity Supply Access Project (ESAP). The objective of the project is to increase electricity access in targeted rural areas of Zambia. The project will comprise three components namely; on-grid electricity access expansion (Component A), off-grid electricity access expansion (Component B) and technical assistance (Component C). The Project is consistent with the long-term development objectives of the GRZ, as articulated in the Vision 2030 and the Seventh National Development Plan (7NDP). The overall Project coordination will be undertaken by the Ministry of Energy (MoE) through a Project Steering Committee (PSC) with the Rural Electrification Authority (REA) and ZESCO Limited as the implementing agencies. It is envisaged that REA will be serving as a Fund Manager for all the Project funds while ZESCO will be implementing activities under the Component A which will provide Output Based Aid (OBA) subsidies for consumer connections (Sub-Component A1) and finance network reinforcements and extensions for on-grid electrification (Sub-Component A2). Implementation for the Component B, off-grid electricity access expansion is to be undertaken by REA, through a grant facility from the World Bank. Sub-Component A2 will involve the construction of High Tension (HT) 33/11kV and medium/low voltage (MV) 400/230V distribution lines and installation of distribution transformers in selected rural areas of nine provinces namely: Northern, North-Western, Luapula, Muchinga, Copperbelt, Eastern, Western, Southern and Central provinces. The total distance for the proposed distribution lines to be constructed is as follows; MV 381.75 km, HT 96.62 km and 241 transformers will be installed in all the nine provinces. It is worth noting that the distances of the proposed HT lines will range approximately between 50 and 2000 meters. Brief Description of the Project Sub-component A2 will involve extension and strengthening of the grid network to handle new connections. The works under this sub-component will largely consist of construction of HT (33/11kV) distribution lines, installation of distribution transformers, and construction of MV/LV distribution lines (400/230V). Project Objective The overall objective of the ESAP is to increase electricity access in targeted rural areas across Zambia. Project Area, Cost and Implementation Date i The construction works of power lines in Eastern Province (Lumezi, Chasefu, Sinda, Katete, Chadiza and Mambwe Districts), is estimated to cost USD1,317,081.40. Construction activities will only commence once this Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) has been approved by the World Bank and implemented. Rationale for Preparation of Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan The planned power lines have the wayleave clearance/right-of-way (ROW) of 22m width (11m on either sides of the centre) that’s for 33/11kV lines. No settlements, trading facilities or trees are permitted within the wayleave. It is the desire of ZESCO limited that the planned works should not negatively affect the livelihoods of the people living near the line routes and that people’s assets that are within the ROW that have to be demolished as a result of the proposed works should be compensated accordingly at replacement costs in order to mitigate the negative impacts on the affected asset owners. Objective of the ARAP The objective of the ARAP is to ensure that all the persons affected by the project are exclusively engaged and adequately compensated for loss of assets and other livelihoods. Scope of the ARAP This abbreviated plan covers the following minimum elements: ✓ identification of project impacts and affected populations; ✓ legal framework for land acquisition and compensation; ✓ compensation framework; ✓ description of resettlement assistance and restoration of livelihood activities; ✓ detailed budget; ✓ implementation schedule; ✓ description of organizational responsibilities; ✓ framework for public consultation, participation, and development planning; ✓ description of provisions for redress of grievances; ✓ framework for monitoring, evaluation, and reporting; and ✓ socio-economic and income restoration measures1 POLICY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Policy Framework ✓ Involuntary Resettlement Guidelines from the Office of the Vice President 1In case some of the displaced persons lose more than 10% of their productive assets or require physical relocation, the plan also covers a socioeconomic survey and income restoration measures. ii Legal Framework ✓ The Constitution of Zambia (Amendment), 2016 ✓ The Lands Acquisition Act, 1994 ✓ The Urban and Regional Planning Act, 2015 ✓ The Lands Act (Cap 184) ✓ The Local Government Act, Cap 22 of 1991 ✓ The Land Survey Act – Cap 188 ✓ The Environmental Management Act (EMA), No. 12 2011 ✓ The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations, SI 28 of 1997 ✓ Arbitration Act, No. 19 of 2000 ✓ National Resettlement Policy of 2015 ✓ The Disaster Management Act No. 13 of 2010 ✓ Electricity Act, No. 11 of 2019 ✓ Energy Regulation Act Cap. 436, 1995 International Standards ✓ World Bank Resettlement Guidelines ✓ International Finance Corporation Guidelines METHODOLOGY The following activities formed the methodology that was used to prepare the ARAP: ✓ Inventory and identification of affected assets ✓ Census survey of affected PAPs − Enumeration and Registration − Identification of affected structures and fruit trees − Beneficiary Capping ✓ Data analysis The completion of the census represented a provisional cut-off date for eligibility for resettlement assistance. The cut-off date is the date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. The inventory for the fruit trees was completed on 15th September 2020 and was thus set as the cut-off date PROFILE OF AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS The socio-economic baseline for the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) is based on the census and asset survey that was conducted and concluded on 15th September 2020. A total of sixty-one (61) PAPs in the six (6) Districts namely: Lumezi, Chasefu, Sinda, Katete, Chadiza and Mambwe in Eastern Province are anticipated to be affected by the proposed power lines construction works. iii Of the 61 PAPs, 57 have tress of economic value affected and 4 are business oriented facilities (Refer to table 1 below). Summary of PAPs Affected category Quantity PAPs with markets stalls 3 PAPs with business structure 1 PAPs with fruit trees 57 Total number of affected PAPs 61 PROJECT IMPACTS The identified impacts are summarised in the table below: Summary of project impacts Impact Total Number Business affected and structure to be replaced 1 Market stalls 3 Goat house 1 Fruit trees 94 RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND SCHEDULE The budget to implement the ARAP is K300,080.47 and comprises the following components: • Loss of business arising from relocation of business structures and business interruption • Replacement of permanent structures (restaurant) and land development costs • Livelihood restoration (money management training and transitional support) CONCLUSION This Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) has detailed the potential impacts of Component A2 in Eastern Province on the PAPs and presents mitigation measures for the economic and physical displacement caused by the Project. ZESCO Limited has committed to implementing this Plan according to its internal procedures and within the budget that has been allocated for this project. VICTOR M MUNDENDE MANAGING DIRECTOR – ZESCO LIMITED iv TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...............................................................................................i ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................ ix GLOSSARY OF TERMS ............................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... xii 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................1 1.1 Project Background and Objectives ................................................................1 1.2 Project Objective ..........................................................................................1 1.3 Project Justification .......................................................................................1 1.4 The Project Proponent ..................................................................................2 1.5 Project Area .................................................................................................2 1.6 Rationale for preparation of Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan ..................3 1.7 Objectives of the ARAP .................................................................................3 1.8 Scope of the ARAP ........................................................................................3 1.9 Policy and Principles......................................................................................4 1.10 Stakeholder Engagements ..........................................................................4 2.0 POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .....................................................................6 2.1 LEGAL FRAMEWORK .....................................................................................6 2.2 POLICY FRAMEWORK.................................................................................. 11 2.3 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ..................................................................... 12 2.4 GAP ANALYSIS – ZAMBIAN LEGISLATION AND WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ............................................................................................................ 15 2.5 BEST PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE .................................................................... 17 3.0 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY .................................................................... 19 3.1 GENERAL APPROACH .................................................................................. 19 3.2 METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................... 19 3.2.1 Inventory and identification of affected assets ........................................ 19 3.2.2 Census survey of affected PAPs ............................................................. 19 3.2.3 Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 20 4.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE ASSESSMENT .................................................... 21 v 4.1 REGIONAL .................................................................................................. 21 4.1.1 Administrative Structures ...................................................................... 21 4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE AREA ............................................ 22 4.2.1 Community Profile and Demography ...................................................... 22 4.2.2 Culture and Ethnic groupings................................................................. 23 4.2.3 Land Use and Settlement ...................................................................... 24 4.2.4 Typical housing types ........................................................................... 24 4.2.5 Water and sanitation............................................................................. 24 4.2.6 Local Economy ..................................................................................... 25 4.3 PROFILE OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS ................................................. 27 4.3.1 Summary of Affected PAPs .................................................................... 27 4.3.2 Households affected by loss of dwelling structures.................................. 28 4.3.3 Vulnerable PAPs .................................................................................. 28 4.3.4 Employment and livelihoods .................................................................. 28 4.4 PROFILE OF PAPs ....................................................................................... 29 4.4.1 Profile of the affected property/fruit tree owners .................................... 29 4.4.2 Details of affected fruit trees/properties ................................................. 29 5.0 ENTITLEMENT FRAMEWORK .......................................................................... 34 5.1 COMPENSATION ELIGIBILITY...................................................................... 34 5.2 PROJECT IMPACTS ..................................................................................... 34 5.2.1 Loss of crops and fruit trees .................................................................. 34 5.2.2 Loss of business structures.................................................................... 35 5.2.3 Loss of revenue/income ........................................................................ 35 5.2.4 Loss of dwelling places.......................................................................... 35 5.3 COMPENSATION CALCULATION METHODS .................................................. 35 5.4 ENTITLEMENTS .......................................................................................... 36 5.5 SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION PACKAGES ................................................... 39 5.5.1 Standing crops and Fruit-bearing trees................................................... 39 5.5.2 Residential and business structures........................................................ 39 5.5.3 Other allowances .................................................................................. 40 vi 5.6 PROCESS FOR FULFILLING COMPENSATION AND PROVIDING ASSISTANCE .. 40 6.0 RESETTLEMENT PLANNING ............................................................................ 41 6.1 PHYSICAL RESETTLEMENT .......................................................................... 41 6.2 RELOCATION SITE ...................................................................................... 41 7.0 IMPLEMENTATION ......................................................................................... 42 7.1 GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA AND REA ............................... 42 7.2 ZESCO LIMITED ......................................................................................... 42 7.3 GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA AND THE TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY......................................................................................................... 42 7.4 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS (NGOS) ......................................... 43 7.5 GRIEVANCE AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION ..................................................... 43 7.6 Time Frame ................................................................................................ 43 7.7 Approach ................................................................................................... 43 7.8 Appeals ...................................................................................................... 44 7.9 Grievance Form .......................................................................................... 45 8.0 Monitoring and Evaluation .............................................................................. 46 8.1 Performance Monitoring .............................................................................. 46 8.2 Effects Monitoring ....................................................................................... 46 8.2.1 Quantitative Monitoring ......................................................................... 46 8.2.2 Qualitative Monitoring ........................................................................... 46 8.3 Completion Audit ........................................................................................ 47 9.0 RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND SCHEDULE ....................................................... 48 10. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................ 49 11 References .................................................................................................... 50 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................ 51 APPENDIX 1 - Physical ASSET QUESTIONNAIRE ................................................... 51 APPENDIX 2 – GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM FORM .......................................... 51 APPENDIX 3 – BUSINESS OPERATIONS QUESTIONNAIRE .......................................... 51 APPENDIX 4 – CUT-OFF DATE NOTICES .......................................................... 51 APPENDIX 5 – FRUIT TREE AND CROP VALUATION REPORTS ....................... 51 vii APPENDIX 6 – STRUCTURES VALUATION REPORTS....................................... 51 APPENDIX 7 – SCANNED COMPENSATION CONSENT FORMS ..................................... 51 viii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan CSO Central Statistical Office EMA Environmental Management Act GBV Gender Based Violence GRZ Government of the Republic of Zambia IAPs Interested and Affected Parties KM kilometre kV Kilovolt PAH Project Affected Household PAPs Project Affected Persons RCAP Resettlement and Compensation Action Plan RAP Resettlement Action Plan REA Rural Electrification Authority ROW Right of Way WB World Bank ZEMA Zambia Environmental Management Agency ix GLOSSARY OF TERMS Abbreviate Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) - A public document which specifies the procedures and actions to be undertaken to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses, and provide development benefits to project affected households. ARAP is recommended for less than 200 PAPs. Compensation—Payment in cash or in kind for an asset or a resource that is acquired or affected by a project at the time the asset needs to be replaced. Cut-off date—Date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. Persons occupying the project area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets (such as built structures, crops, fruit trees, and woodlots) established after the date of completion of the assets inventory, or an alternative mutually agreed on date, will not be compensated. Economic displacement—Loss of income streams or means of livelihood resulting from land acquisition or obstructed access to resources (land, water, or forest) resulting from the construction or operation of a project or its associated facilities. Involuntary resettlement—Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the displaced persons or if they give their consent without having the power to refuse resettlement. Physical displacement—Loss of shelter and assets resulting from the acquisition of land associated with a project that requires the affected person(s) to move to another location. Project-Affected Household (PAH)—All members of a household, whether related or not, operating as a single economic unit, who are affected by a project. Project-Affected Person (PAP)— Any person, households, entity, organizations, firms or private institutions who, on account of changes that result from the project will have their (i) standard of living adversely affected; (ii) right, title, or interest in any house, land, water resources, fish ponds, communal fishing grounds, annual or perennial crops and trees, or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired, possessed, restricted, or otherwise adversely affected, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily; and/or (iii) business, occupation, place of work or residence, or habitat adversely affected, permanently or temporarily, with or without displacement. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)—The document in which a project proponent or other responsible entity specifies the procedures that it will follow and the actions that it will take to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses, and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected by an investment project. x Resettlement assistance—Support provided to people who are physically displaced by a project. Assistance may include transportation, food, shelter, and social services that are provided to affected people during their relocation. Assistance may also include cash allowances that compensate affected people for the inconvenience associated with resettlement and defray the expenses of a transition to a new locale, such as moving expenses and lost work days. Replacement cost—The rate of compensation for lost assets must be calculated at full replacement cost, that is, the market value of the assets plus transaction costs. With regard to land and structures. Stakeholders—Any and all individuals, groups, organizations, and institutions interested in and potentially affected by a project or having the ability to influence a project. Vulnerable groups—People who by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage, or social status may be more adversely affected by resettlement than others and who may be limited in their ability to claim or take advantage of resettlement assistance and related development benefits. xi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Differences between Zambian law/regulation and WB policy ................................. 15 Table 2: Population distribution by district ........................................................................ 22 Table 3: Population distribution by constituency ............................................................... 23 Table 4: Population distribution by ward........................................................................... 23 Table 5: Summary of PAPs .............................................................................................. 27 Table 6: Summary of PAPs by Gender and Age ................................................................. 28 Table 7: Summary of Vulnerable PAPs .............................................................................. 28 Table 8: Details of PAPs and affected fruit trees/properties ................................................. 30 Table 9: Summary of project impacts ............................................................................... 34 Table 10: Entitlement Matrix .......................................................................................... 36 Table 11: Summary of physical displacement .................................................................. 41 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Grievance Redress Mechanism Process................................................................. 45 xii 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background and Objectives The Government of Republic of Zambia (GRZ) requested for World Bank financing for the Electricity Supply Access Project (ESAP). The objective of the project is to increase electricity access in targeted rural areas of Zambia. The project will comprise three components namely; on-grid electricity access expansion (Component A), off-grid electricity access expansion (Component B) and technical assistance (Component C). The Project is consistent with the long- term development objectives of the GRZ, as articulated in the Vision 2030 and the Seventh National Development Plan (7NDP). The overall Project coordination will be undertaken by the Ministry of Energy (MoE) through a Project Steering Committee (PSC) with the Rural Electrification Authority (REA) and ZESCO Limited as the implementing agencies. It is envisaged that REA will be serving as a Fund Manager for all the project funds while ZESCO will be implementing activities under the Component A which will provide Output Based Aid (OBA) subsidies for consumer connections (Sub-Component A1) and finance network reinforcements and extensions for on-grid electrification (Sub- Component A2). Implementation for the Component B, off-grid electricity access expansion is to be undertaken by REA, through a grant facility from the World Bank. Sub-component A.2: Extension and strengthening of the grid network to handle new connections The works under this sub-component will largely consist of construction of HT (33/11 kV) distribution lines, installation of distribution transformers, and construction of MV/LV distribution lines (400/230V) in selected rural areas of nine provinces namely: Northern, North Western, Luapula, Muchinga, Copperbelt, Eastern, Western, Southern and Central provinces. Total distance for the proposed distribution lines to be constructed is as follows; MV 381.75 km, HT 96.62 km and 241 transformers will be installed in all the nine provinces. It is worth noting that the distances of the proposed HT lines will range approximately between 50 and 2000 meters. 1.2 Project Objective The overall objective of the ESAP is to increase electricity access in targeted rural areas across Zambia. 1.3 Project Justification Over the years, access to electricity in the rural areas has been low, therefore the objective of this Project is� to increase electricity access in targeted rural areas of Zambia.� Project 1 beneficiaries being households, businesses, community and public facilities, and farmers located in target rural areas of Zambia, who will benefit from connections to the main grid. 1.4 The Project Proponent ZESCO Limited is a vertically integrated electricity parastatal registered under the Companies Act. ZESCO was established in 1970 and is 100% owned by the GRZ. The Company is mandated to Generate, Transmit and Distribute electricity throughout Zambia. ZESCO´s affairs are managed by the following Board of Directors: i. Dr. Mbita Chitala – Board Chairperson ii. Mr. Trevor Kaunda iii. Mr. George Mpundu Kanji iv. Mr. Pythias Mulenga v. Mr. Chibwe D. Mwelwa vi. Ms. Kavumba Hakachima vii. Mr. Victor M. Mundende viii. Mr. McRobby Chiwale – Board Secretary The contact details for the proponent are as follows: Physical Address ZESCO Limited Stand No. 6949 Great East Road P.O Box 33304 Tel: +260 211 361111 LUSAKA Contact Person Mr. Victor M Mundende Managing Director ZESCO Limited Fax: +260 211 222753 Email: vmmundende@zesco.co.zm Tel: +260 211 361111 1.5 Project Area The study area is located in Eastern Province of Zambia. Eastern Province is located at 31.9928’E and 13.8056’S in the Eastern part of Zambia. The Province covers approximately 51,476Km² and shares an international boundary with Malawi and Mozambique to the South. This boundary runs along the Luangwa River from the North to the South-East. 2 Further, it shares district boundaries with Lusaka Province to the West, Central Province to the North and Muchinga Province to the North-East. The elevation of Eastern province is approximately 818 masl. The project will be implemented in Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwe, Chadzi, Sinda and Katete Districts of Eastern Province. 1.6 Rationale for preparation of Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan The planned power lines have the wayleave clearance/right-of-way (ROW) of 22m width (11m on either sides from the center) that’s for 33/11kV lines. No settlements, trading facilities or trees are permitted within the wayleave. It is the desire of ZESCO that the planned works should not negatively affect the livelihoods of the people living near the line routes and that people’s assets that are within the ROW that have to be demolished as a result of the proposed works should be compensated accordingly at replacement costs in order to mitigate the negative impacts on the PAPs. This document represents the Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) for the ESAP sites in Eastern Province (Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwe, Chadzi, Sinda and Katete Districts). The ARAP describes the policies, procedures and processes that will be followed throughout the Project in the course of mitigation of adverse social impacts due to project activities among the project affected persons, with and without legal title, whose properties, businesses and other assets are likely to be affected by the construction works. The ARAP is prepared to guide land acquisition and resettlement for the construction of the power lines in accordance with the requirements of the World Bank (WB) Operational Policy 4.12 and the national legislation. According to OP 4.12, all projects that entail land acquisition or/and resettlement require a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). 1.7 Objectives of the ARAP The main objective of the ARAP is to ensure that all the PAPs are exclusively engaged and adequately compensated for the loss they are going to incur as a result of the Project. 1.8 Scope of the ARAP This ARAP covers the following minimum elements: ✓ identification of project impacts and affected populations; ✓ legal framework for land acquisition, resettlement and compensation; ✓ compensation framework; ✓ description of resettlement assistance and restoration of livelihood activities; ✓ detailed budget; ✓ implementation schedule; ✓ description of organizational responsibilities; 3 ✓ framework for public consultation, participation, and development planning; ✓ description of provisions for redress of grievances; and ✓ framework for monitoring, evaluation, and reporting. 1.9 Policy and Principles Where disturbance is unavoidable, there is need to minimize adverse effects on people and on the environment through judicious routing or siting of project facilities. The aim of the involuntary resettlement policy is to ensure that people who are physically or economically displaced as a result of a project end up better - off than they were before the project was undertaken. Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the displaced persons or, if they give their consent, without having the power to refuse resettlement. Displacement may be either physical or economic. Physical displacement is the actual physical relocation of people resulting in a loss of shelter, productive assets or access to productive assets (such as land, water, and forests). Economic displacement results from an action that interrupts or eliminates people’s access to productive assets without physically relocating the people themselves. IFC’s policy applies in either situation. While land acquisition does not necessarily require the displacement of people occupying or using the land, it may have an effect on the living standards of people who depend on resources located in, on, or around that land. The involuntary resettlement policy applies under all conditions of potential physical or economic displacement resulting from the acquisition or use of land for a project regardless of the total number of people affected or the significance/severity of anticipated impact. Thus, resettlement activities should result in measurable improvements in the economic conditions and social well- being of affected people and communities. The preparation of this ARAP has adhered to a number of basic principles for addressing the adverse effects of involuntary resettlement associated with the proposed Project. These principles are: ✓ Involuntary resettlement should be avoided. ✓ Where involuntary resettlement is unavoidable, all people affected by it should be compensated fully and fairly for lost assets. ✓ Involuntary resettlement should be conceived as an opportunity for improving the livelihoods of the affected people and undertaken accordingly. ✓ All people affected by involuntary resettlement should be consulted and involved in resettlement planning to ensure that the mitigation of adverse effects as well as the benefits of resettlement are appropriate and sustainable. 1.10 Stakeholder Engagements During the preparation of the ARAP, stakeholders that were engaged included Officials at District level and the Traditional Authorities where the project will be implemented. The purpose of this 4 engagement was to obtain relevant information pertaining to the area and in particular the project affected people. Detailed one – on - one discussions were held with each of the affected persons who were determined that they would be affected by the Project implementation process. Data forms were used to collect relevant information from the affected persons. The PAPs were further engaged after the valuation process to disclose the compensation entitlements which they all consented. Refer to appendix 7. 5 2.0 POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK Zambia has several pieces of legislation that support restoration of livelihoods and resettlement of persons affected by project activities. 2.1 LEGAL FRAMEWORK The principal policy on Resettlement is the National Resettlement Policy of 2015 which provides guidance on how to deal with issues relating to land acquisition, compensation and resettlement during implementation of projects. Other relevant legislation includes but not limited to; The Lands Acquisition Act, 1994 The Lands Acquisition Act was developed to make provision for the compulsory acquisition of land and other property. Section 12 (b) of The Lands Acquisition Act of 1994 provides that any person whose property is affected by a public project is entitled to compensation, and provides a mechanism by which people not satisfied with compensation may seek redress through the courts of law. The value of the compensation due is described as below: “The value of property shall, subject as hereinafter provided, be the amount which the property might be expected to realize if sold in the open market by a willing seller at the time of publication under section seven of the notice to yield up possession�. The basis for assessment of compensation includes: ✓ Enhancement of value of land by reason of proximity of any improvements or works made or constructed on part acquired; and ✓ Damage if any, sustained by the person having an estate or interest in land by reason of severance of such land. Other relevant provisions in the Land Acquisition Act are that: ✓ The President may compulsorily acquire any property of any description, whenever he is of the opinion that it is in the interests of the Republic so to do. This is done by way of notice of intention to acquire property. ✓ The Minister or any person claiming any interest in the property may institute proceedings in the Court for the determination of such dispute if there is any outstanding dispute relating to or in connection with the property. ✓ No compensation shall be payable in respect of undeveloped land or unutilised land. However, where the land acquired is unutilised land to which an absentee owner is beneficially entitled, compensation shall be payable in respect of the unexhausted improvements on unutilised land. 6 Undeveloped Land Land shall be deemed to be undeveloped if it is inadequately developed bearing in mind the reason only- a) that it has been fenced or hedged; or b) that it has been cleared, levelled or ploughed; or c) that it consists of a cleared or partially cleared site of some former development; or d) that it is being used, otherwise than as an ancillary to adjacent land which is not undeveloped or unutilised land, as a place of deposit for refuse or waste or as standing or parking places for vehicles: In the case of land in a rural area which is used for agricultural, pastoral or mixed agricultural and pastoral purposes, the land shall not be deemed to be undeveloped unless such land has not been used for cultivation or pasturage or mixed cultivation and pasturage, as the case may be, at any time during the period of two years immediately preceding the publication of the notice to yield up possession. Unutilised land Land shall be deemed to be unutilised- a) in the case of land in a rural area, if the land is not in accordance with good estate management; b) in the case of land in an urban area, if: i. it has been developed by erection of buildings, structures or works which have fallen into substantial disrepair or into disuse, and the land has been unoccupied, or occupied solely by persons employed as watchmen, for a continuous period of not less than three months preceding the publication of the notice to yield up possession; or ii. it is used at the time of the publication of such notice solely for cultivation or pasturage or both cultivation and pasturage; or iii. it is used at the time of the publication of such notice solely for habitation, in dwellings of their own construction or adapted from buildings formerly abandoned by persons holding at the will of a person having title to the land or by trespassers. Absentee owner a) in the case of an individual, a person who is not ordinarily resident in Zambia; b) in the case of a partnership, a co-ownership or a body corporate, one in which the effective control lies, directly or indirectly, in the hands of individuals who are not ordinarily resident in Zambia. Relevance The development of this project will entail the acquisition of land. Most of the parcels of land observed on the line routes are customarily held and there were a few isolated cases where the land has been converted to statutory ownership. The levels of improvements on the parcels of land varies from one area to another. 7 Compliance No land shall be acquired compulsorily without adequate compensation being given to the affected households. In so doing, ZESCO shall ensure that the same conditions or better are maintained even after land acquisition and compensation. Improvements made to the land and the existing land-use activities for the land to be acquired will be taken into account. The Urban and Regional Planning Act, 2015 This piece of legislation was developed, among other functions, to: ✓ Provide for a framework for administering and managing urban and regional planning; ✓ establish a democratic, accountable, transparent, participatory and inclusive process for urban and regional planning that allows for involvement of communities, private sector, interest groups and other stakeholders in the planning, implementation and operation of human settlement development; ensure functional efficiency and socioeconomic integration by providing for integration of activities, uses and facilities; ✓ establish procedures for integrated urban and regional planning in a devolved system of governance so as to ensure multi-sector cooperation, coordination and involvement of different levels of ministries, provincial administration, local authorities, traditional leaders and other stakeholders in urban and regional planning; and ✓ ensure sustainable urban and rural development by promoting environmental, social and economic sustainability in development initiatives and controls at all levels of urban and regional planning. Relevance The Act provides for the appointment of regional planning authorities, provincial planning authorities and local planning authorities whose main responsibilities are the preparation, approval of layout plans and revocation of development plans. The local authorities have role to play in the development and maintenance of wayleaves (clearance). The proposed project is expected to fit into the integrated development planning of the districts and the province. Compliance The project site plans for the HT lines 33/11kV, engineering designs and any modifications will need to be approved by the affected District Councils before construction can commence in accordance with the planning guidelines and framework set by the authorities. ZESCO will also recognize the jurisdiction of the Eastern Province planning authority and its specifications will be complied with. The Lands Act (Cap 184) The Lands Act is the statute governing land administration in Zambia which vests all land in the Country in the President and alienation of land by the President. 8 Relevance The Act gives Zambians an opportunity to participate in the country’s economy. The Minister responsible for lands has also issued Land Circular No. 1 of 1985. This Circular laid down detailed procedures to be followed on land alienation. The main features of the Circular are that: ✓ Chiefs and District Councils are restricted to recommend up to 250 hectares of land on title, per applicant, in Reserve or Trust Lands; and ✓ Chiefs and the District Councils are to certify that they had physically inspected the land in question and that no person’s rights or interests are affected. The Land Act does not comprehensively provide for compensation or resettlement. This is only partially covered in the Mines and Minerals Development Act, Land Survey Act and the Land Acquisition Act. Compliance In the acquisition of land, ZESCO will ensure that the established right channels, both traditional and civil, are adhered to. Where necessary, while determining the value for compensation, ZESCO will take into account the land tenure of the affected people, that is, whether the parcel of land is customary or state land. The Local Government Act, Cap 22 of 1991 The Act provides for the establishment of Councils in districts, the functions of local authorities and the local government system. Some of these functions relate to pollution control and protection of the environment in general. The main functions of the Public Health Department of the local authority are: ✓ Solid waste management ✓ Food control services ✓ Disease control Relevance The proposed power line project and the affected community are located within Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwa, Chadzi, Sinda and Katete Districts. Compliance ZESCO will recognise the authority of the local authorities and will be expected to comply with the specifications and any relevant by laws set up by the affected local authority. The Land Survey Act – Cap 188 The Land Survey Act enacted in 1960 was aimed at providing guidelines to be followed when activities relating to land surveying were carried out. The Act among other things provides for the production of survey diagrams, plans, survey beacons and other survey marks. 9 Relevance The land on which the power lines (HT lines 11/33kV) will be constructed will need to be surveyed and properly marked. This mapping exercise will also help to identify project affected persons and their property. Compliance Qualified surveyors registered in Zambia will be used. Survey diagrams and plans will need to be provided identifying the land acquired by ZESCO and the structures affected by the project. The Environmental Management Act (EMA), No. 12 2011 The principal legislation governing environmental management in Zambia is the Environmental Management Act (EMA) of 2011. The Act provides for the sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment, and the prevention and control of pollution. Relevance Of particular relevance is section 29 of the Act which states that “A person shall not undertake any project that may have an effect on the environment without the written approval of the Agency, and except in accordance with any conditions imposed in that approval�. As defined in section 2 of the Act, “environment� means the natural or man-made surroundings at any place, comprising air, water, land, natural resources, animals, buildings and other constructions. Thus, any land parcels, structures or places where the community depend on for their livelihoods are covered in this definition. In relation to this project, some of the functions of ZEMA are to review the ARAP and undertake environmental auditing and monitoring. The act also provides for public participation in decision-making and access to environmental information. Compliance Environmental and Social screening conducted for the project was cleared project as well as the associated ARAP for each of province have been prepared before the start of civil works. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations, SI 28 of 1997 The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulations, Statutory Instrument 28 of 1997, demands that before a developer commences implementing a project, an EIA report be prepared and submitted to the relevant regulatory authority for review and approval. Regulation 3(2) specifically requires that a developer prepares and submits an EIA report for: (a) Any project set out in the First Schedule, whether or not the developer is part of a previously approved project; 10 (b) Any alterations or extensions of any existing project which is set out in the First Schedule; or (c) Any project which is not specified in the First Schedule, but for which the Council determines a project brief should be prepared. Relevance A project of this nature requires that environmental issues relevant to the project construction and implementation are identified at an early stage and environmental management measures incorporated at the planning stage. The project proponent is required under Regulation 11(h) and (i) of the EIA regulations to assess the “the socio-economic impacts of the project such as resettlement of the affected people� before project implementation. In addition to the assessment, the proponent is expected to develop an “impact management plan containing a description of measures proposed for preventing, minimising or compensating for any adverse impact� of the project. Compliance This ARAP contains the existing socio-economic conditions of the affected households. The ARAP has also identified the impacts to the affected persons and proposed measures for mitigating these socio-economic impacts. A compensation budget has been included Electricity Act No. 11 of 2019 The Act under section 29 (2) provides for prompt payment of fair and adequate compensation for any damage or loss suffered during the execution of works. It further provides, if parties fail to agree on the amount for compensation, it shall be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. Arbitration Act, No. 19 of 2000 This Act provides for arbitration in cases where the land owner/occupier does not agree with the amount of compensation being offered. Under section 12 (2) of the Act, the parties to arbitration are free to determine the procedure for appointing the arbitrator or arbitrators. Under section 12 (3) (b), if the parties are unable to agree on the arbitration, the arbitrator shall be appointed, upon request of a party, by an arbitral institution. 2.2 POLICY FRAMEWORK Guidelines for the Compensation and Resettlement of Internally Displaced Persons These guidelines were developed by the Office of the Vice President to provide a mechanism for dealing with Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). The guidelines identify rights and guarantees which are relevant to the protection of persons from internal displacements and their protection 11 and assistance during displacements as well as during return, resettlement or re-integration. Further, the Guidelines provide developers/investors with relevant information on their obligations and matters that they need to take into consideration when formulating their projects in order to avoid unnecessary displacements. The Guidelines are consistent with international human rights and international humanitarian law. In particular, Guideline 4 states that “Persons that are physically and economically displaced due to investment or development projects have the right to seek compensation from the developer or investor�. In addition, Guideline 7 recognises the rights of IDPs by stating the following: “Every human being in Zambia shall have the right to be protected against being arbitrarily displaced from his or her home or place of habitual residence.� 2.3 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS World Bank Resettlement Guidelines This RAP is developed in accordance with the World Bank Policy OP 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement as an effective and sustainable means of restoring the livelihoods of people affected by the implementation of the project. Where there are gaps between the Zambian legislative norms and the World Bank Policy in regard to compensation for land, the OP 4.12 will apply. In this regard, the OP 4.12 specifies that resettlement compensation and assistance be offered to all displaced persons regardless of the total number affected, the severity of impact, and whether or not they have legal title to the land. In particular, the OP 4.12 indicates that compensation should be made to the following three categories of affected population: • Those who have formal rights to land, including customary and traditional rights recognized under the local laws, • Those who do not have formal rights to land at the time the census began but have a claim to such lands or assets, and • Those who have no recognisable legal right or claim on land they are occupying. OP 4.12 aims to ensure that the following key principles of resettlement are in place: • The Project Affected Persons (PAPs) are offered choices including alternative resettlement options that are technically and economically feasible to them and are culturally appropriate. • When the impacts require physical relocation, the resettlement measures must include provision of assistance during relocation (moving allowance), residential housing or housing sites that are at least equivalent to the old site in terms of productive potential and locational advantages. • Preferences are given to land-based resettlement strategies of the displaced people whose livelihoods are land-based and are indigenous. Such strategies must be compatible with their cultural preferences and should be prepared in consultations with them. 12 • The affected people should also be provided with development assistance for losses incurred. • Particular attention should be paid to the needs and concerns of the poor and vulnerable groups including the landless, women, and children, the elderly, ethnic minorities, and indigenous peoples. • Resettlement should include measures to ensure that the affected people are offered support for a reasonable transition period based on the estimate of time required to restore the original level of their livelihoods and standards of living. • Compensations must be made in cash or in-kind depending on the preferences made by the affected people. They should be made promptly, in form of a single payment and shall be at a market value agreed to between willing buyers and sellers, which shall be considered as full replacement cost for the lost assets. • Cash compensation for lost assets may be appropriate under the following circumstances: ✓ Where the livelihoods are land based, but the land acquired by the project is a small fraction of the affected asset and the residual is economically viable. ✓ Where there is a sufficient supply of land, housing and labour which can be used by the displaced person; and ✓ Where the livelihoods are not land based. • In regard to public consultation and disclosure, the OP 4.12 indicates that: ✓ The affected people should be identified and informed about their options and rights in regard to resettlement and should be given the opportunity to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring of the resettlement activities. ✓ A census of the affected population and broad consultations in the affected communities should be undertaken in order not to only identify those to be affected, but also to discourage inflow of people not eligible for assistance. ✓ Participants in the consultations must include community leaders, NGOs, CBOs and other interest groups active in the project area. International Finance Corporation Guidelines The International Finance Corporation (IFC) Policy and Performance Standards on Social and Environmental Sustainability is an international benchmark for good practice. The general guidelines of the International Finance Corporation include the following: Physical or economic displacement must be avoided or minimised as far as possible, while balancing environmental, social and financial costs and benefits; • When displacement cannot be avoided, the client will offer compensation to displaced persons and communities for loss of assets at full replacement cost and other assistance to help them improve or at least restore their standards of living or livelihoods. Where livelihoods of displaced persons are land-based, or where land is collectively owned, the client will offer land based compensation, where feasible; 13 • Following disclosure of all relevant information, the client will consult with and facilitate the informed participation of affected persons and communities, including host communities, in decision making processes related to resettlement. Consultation will continue during the implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of compensation payment and resettlement to achieve outcomes; • The client will establish a grievance mechanism to receive and address specific concerns about compensation and relocation that are raised by displaced persons or members of host communities, including a recourse mechanism designed to resolve disputes in an impartial manner; • Where involuntary resettlement is unavoidable, the client will carry out a census with appropriate socio-economic baseline data to identify the persons who will be displaced by the project, to determine who will be eligible for compensation and assistance, and to discourage inflow of people who are ineligible for these benefits. In the absence of host government procedures, the client will establish a cut-off date for eligibility. Information regarding the cut-off date will be well documented and disseminated throughout the project area; • The developer will establish procedures to offer affected persons and communities compensation and other assistance. The procedures will establish the entitlements of affected persons or communities and will ensure that these are provided in a transparent, consistent, and equitable manner. The implementation of the procedures will be considered complete when affected persons or communities have received compensation and other assistance. • Displaced persons may be classified as persons: (i) who have formal legal rights to the land they occupy; (ii) who do not have formal legal rights to land, but have a claim to land that is recognized or recognizable under the national laws; or (iii) who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they occupy. The census will establish the status of the displaced persons. • Where land acquisition for the project causes loss of income or livelihood, regardless of whether or not the affected people are physically displaced, the client will meet the following requirements: − Promptly compensate economically displaced persons for loss of assets or access to assets at full replacement cost; − In cases where land acquisition affects commercial structures, compensate the affected business owner for the cost of re-establishing commercial activities elsewhere, for lost net income during the period of transition, and for the costs of the transfer and reinstallation of the plant, machinery or other equipment; − Provide replacement property (e.g., agricultural or commercial sites) of equal or greater value, or cash compensation at full replacement cost where appropriate, to persons with legal rights or claims to land which are recognized or recognizable under the national laws; − Compensate economically displaced persons who are without legally recognizable claims to land for lost assets (such as crops, irrigation infrastructure and other improvements made to the land) other than land, at full replacement cost. The client 14 is not required to compensate or assist opportunistic settlers who encroach on the project area after the cut-off date; − Provide additional targeted assistance (e.g. credit facilities, training, or job opportunities) and opportunities to improve or at least restore their income-earning capacity, production levels, and standards of living to economically displaced persons whose livelihoods or income levels are adversely affected; − Provide transitional support to economically displaced persons, as necessary, based on a reasonable estimate of the time required to restore their income earning capacity, production levels, and standards of living. 2.4 GAP ANALYSIS – ZAMBIAN LEGISLATION AND WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES The main gaps between the national legal framework in the Republic of Zambia and World Bank Safeguard Policies are described below. A Gap Analysis is presented in Table 1. Table 1: Differences between Zambian law/regulation and WB policy Zambian Legislation WB Involuntary Conclusion on Gap Action to Address Resettlement Policy the Gap Entitlement Zambian law does not a) those who have In general the The WB involuntary recognize persons who formal legal rights provisions of the policy will be used do not have formal legal to land (including Zambian legislation and title customary and WB’s OP 4.12 are the traditional rights same, except provision recognized under on persons lacking the the formal legal right over laws of the the property. country); b) those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such land or assets provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan c) those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they are occupying. Entitlement 15 Zambian Legislation WB Involuntary Conclusion on Gap Action to Address Resettlement Policy the Gap Compensation underCompensation levels The difference between Compensation will be at the Land Acquisition Act should be sufficient to OP 4.12 practice and replacement value. law is determined in replace the lost land national legislation is accordance and other assets at full that by OP 4.12 gives with the prevailing replacement cost in beneficiary to the PAP market price local markets. after by means of taking into account the improvement of quality value of land, of life or restoration to a cost of structures previous condition. (residential and business) & installations, crops, forest land and timber, also it covers compensation for transaction costs. Comprehensive resettlement planning There is no requirement World Bank’s OP 4.12 Streamlining the World Bank policy will under the Zambian law Comprehensive compensation process be used. for the preparation of a resettlement planning is to ensure that comprehensive formal a requirement and also approvals are resettlement provides guidance on consistent with those compensation and how to undertake required by the World action plan (RCAP) resettlement planning Bank for timely project including carrying out a approval and census, social economic implementation. survey, consultations with project affected people, monitoring, reporting, etc. The Town and Country Planning legislation which deals with issues of human settlements and development in Zambia does not refer to involuntary settlement but only to the removal of squatters on state lands needed for urban expansion and development. Resettlement Assistance The current Zambian World Bank’s OP 4.12 The difference between World Bank policy will law provides for the provides for assistance OP 4.12 practice and be used. payment of to affected people national legislation is compensation at regardless of the that OP 4.12 gives the market value for losses legality of land tenure. PAP some form of of land, buildings, crops This covers not only assistance beyond the and other damages physical relocation but value of the affected arising from the any loss of land or other assets. 16 Zambian Legislation WB Involuntary Conclusion on Gap Action to Address Resettlement Policy the Gap acquisition of land for assets resulting in project activities. Under relocation or loss of the Zambian law, shelter; loss of assets or moving costs or access to assets; loss of rehabilitation support to income source or restore previous levels means of livelihood of livelihoods or living whether or not the standard are not affected people must recognized, and there is move to another no government agency location. charged with that responsibility. Property measurement Under the Zambian law, World Bank Safeguard The difference between World Bank policy will compensation is equal resettlement policy OP 4.12 practice and be used. to the market value of compensation for lost national legislation is the property without properties will be that OP 4.12 gives the reference to calculated on the basis PAP compensation depreciation. of full replacement cost amount which enables i.e. equal to what replacement whereas enables the project the Zambian law just affected people (PAP) looks at the market to restore their value which may livelihoods at the level disadvantage the PAP in prior to project case of devaluation. implementation. Income restoration The current Zambian World Bank’s OP 4.12 Streamlining the World Bank policy will law does not recognize resettlement policy income restoration to be used. compensation for lost provision which ensure that PAPs are income requires that lost not left out worse than income due to project they were before the activity should be project. compensated. It should be noted that where the National legislation conflicts with World Bank, Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies the World Bank policies shall supersede. 2.5 BEST PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE ZESCO Limited is committed to meeting international standards for the planning and implementation of resettlement projects. A set of key principles have been adopted by ZESCO as guiding principles for this project. The fundamental principle is the improvement of standards of living and securing tenure where affected persons are displaced from their land. Furthermore, leading international practice prefers compensation in kind over financial compensation (especially for land-based livelihoods) 17 to avoid impoverishment. Cash is only acceptable as compensation for land or housing where there is an active land and housing market and affected persons have participated in this market. Finally, international best practice promotes participatory planning in determining entitlements and compensation rates and to consider options during the resettlement planning. 18 3.0 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 3.1 GENERAL APPROACH In order to adequately collect information pertaining to the project area, dominantly quantitative methods were used. These methodologies included: ✓ Inventory and identification of affected assets ✓ Census survey of affected PAPs ✓ Valuation of assets (real estate, other affected property and crops/fruit trees) ✓ Analysis of gathered data, data check 3.2 METHODOLOGY The following activities formed the methodology that was used to prepare the ARAP: 3.2.1 Inventory and identification of affected assets The identification of affected parcels of land was determined based on the standard wayleave guidelines The 33/11kV power lines are planned to have a right-of-way (ROW) of 22m width (11m on either sides). A detailed survey of all losses that will result from the project for each household, enterprise, or community affected by the project was undertaken using a questionnaire (see appendix 1). The survey took account of land acquisition and loss of physical assets as well as loss of income - temporary or permanent - resulting from displacement of household members from employment or income-generating resources (for instance, roadside traders). Inventories of assets were compiled, and heads of households countersigned the forms to minimize the possibility of subsequent claims or disputes regarding claims. 3.2.2 Census survey of affected PAPs The inventory of affected facilities was carried out along with the census of people affected by the project and included the following: 3.2.2.1 Enumeration and Registration Census and registration included the size, distribution, and socio-economic diversity of the affected population, regardless of their legal status. Vulnerable groups living in the project area, such as households headed by women or children, people with disabilities, the extremely poor, the elderly, and groups that suffer social and economic discrimination were identified. 19 3.2.2.2 Identification of Affected Land Users Much of the affected land in the project area is under customary ownership and therefore information about the ownership of the parcels of land was determined by on-site assessment and interviews and verified through traditional leadership. Findings, both from site visits and interviews of local population, show that there are few agricultural and roadside trading activities that will be affected by the project. 3.2.2.3 Beneficiary Capping The completion of the census represented a provisional cut-off date for eligibility for resettlement assistance. The cut-off date is the date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. The inventory for the fruit trees was completed on 15th September 2020 and the one for the structures was on 9th November 2020. Persons occupying the project area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, any developments established after the date of completion of the assets inventory, will NOT be compensated. The forms used for the capturing of data included the cut-of-date and was explained to the affected persons. The measures on beneficiary capping were carried out based on an assumption that there will be no significant time lag between the completion of the census and implementation of the ARAP. 3.2.3 Data Analysis Gathered data, both from land value assessment and crops value assessment has been merged and compared. It was necessary to determine whether some land owners who will lose major part of parcels actually possess other land elsewhere, or they just rely on the land that is to be acquired for the purpose of the project. This approach helped in the determination of initial vulnerability of the land owners. Household data was disaggregated to identify economic streams within communities (the poorest and most vulnerable households, household’s dependent on remittances, etc.) and to identify appropriate assistance as well as development strategies for the populations affected by the project. Socio-economic studies also yielded important information on the ways in which affected communities are organized and function. These studies helped to identify informal social support networks that are important for the survival of the community, particularly more vulnerable members of the community such as households headed by women, the impoverished, and groups that suffer social and economic discrimination. 20 4.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE ASSESSMENT 4.1 REGIONAL OVERVIEW 4.1.1 Administrative Structures This section discusses the administrative arrangement under which the project falls. The two broad administrative structures are government and traditional authorities. 4.1.1.1 District Government The proposed project will be implemented in Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwe, Chadiza, Sinda and Katete Districts. However, the areas in Lumezi and Chasefu Districts now were captured under Lundazi District as they were administratively under Lundazi District. The administration of the district is vested in the Office of the District Commissioner, established by the Government in 1999 as part of the decentralization process. The office coordinates the functions of all developmental agencies in a local district as well as harmonizing the functions of Central Government and those of Local Government. All development agencies working in the district are members of the District Development Coordinating Committee (DDCC) which is chaired by the District Commissioner. The Local Authority is a semi-autonomous institution operating as agents of Central Government. The Local Authority provides a forum for local representation of the public by electing their local representatives, the Councillors. The Local Authority is responsible to the Ministry of Local Government (MLG). The Local Authority has statutory powers to make by-laws and regulations. According to the provisions under the Local Government Act No. 22 of 1991, MLG can amend or revoke by-laws issued by the Council and make regulations that the Council has to conform to, through circulars and statutory instruments. 4.1.1.2 Traditional authority The highest traditional authority is the Chief who is responsible for a defined geographical area in the district. Each area is further subdivided into sub-chiefs or headmen who act as representatives of the Chief in their respective areas. The area under a sub-chief is further divided into small areas managed by group leaders. Each group leader has a system of community section heads who report to the group leaders (and then to the sub-chief/headman and finally to the Chief to bring the chief up to date about developments in the village). Each group of houses has a community based committee leader who reports to the community section head, also keeping him informed about developments in the village. Finally, each house has a head of the household who is responsible for the overall wellbeing of its family members. 21 4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN THE AREA Eastern Province is one of the most populated provinces in Zambia. In the year 2010, Eastern Province had a population of 1,707,731 and had one of the highest average population growth rates of 2.7% between 2000 – 2010 while the 1990 – 2000 period had a growth rate of 2.6%. The high growth rate in the Province could be attributed to the high rates of in-migration from the Copperbelt Province due to the collapse of the mines. The agricultural activities thus fertile soils, good rainfall pattern and employment opportunities in the tourism and other sectors made Eastern Province more attractive to the migrants. 4.2.1 Community Profile and Demography During the 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CSO, 2010), Eastern province had a total population of 1,707, 731. A distribution of the population by district, constituency and ward in the project area is presented in Tables 2,3 & 4 below.2 Table 2: Population distribution by district DISTRICT 2000 POPULATION 2010 POPULATION ANNUAL AVERAGE POPULATION GROWTH RATE, 2000-2010 MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL LUNDAZI 117,147 120,197 237,344 152,693 161,588 314,281 2.7 3.0 2.9 MAMBWE 23,618 23,858 47,476 35,130 35,944 71,074 4.1 4.2 4.1 CHADIZA 42,100 41,687 83,787 51,245 53,010 104,255 2.0 2.4 2.2 KATETE 94,041 95,015 189,056 117,507 123,311 240,818 2.3 2.6 2.4 TOTAL 276,906 280,757 557,663 356,575 373,853 730,428 2.8 3.1 2.9 2Chasefu, Sinda and Lumezi do not have individual population data as the districts were created after the 2010 Census of population and housing 22 Table 3: Population distribution by constituency PROVINCE CONSTITUENCY HOUSEHOLD 2010 POPULATION POPULATION 18 YEARS AND MALES FEMALES TOTAL OLDER Eastern Chadiza 11,487 29,628 30,795 60,423 26,263 Milanzi 12,619 31,255 32,778 64,033 27,901 Mkaika 18,870 46,978 48,940 95,918 41,802 Sinda 16,646 39,274 41,593 80,867 35,787 Chasefu 19,536 46,675 49,353 96,028 42,119 Lumezi 18,024 44,331 46,724 91,055 38,758 Malambo 14,620 35,130 35,944 71,074 31,485 TOTAL 111,802 273,271 286,127 559,398 244,115 Table 4: Population distribution by ward DISTRICT CONSTITUE WARD HOUSE 2010 POPULATION POPULATIO NCY HOLD N 18 YEARS MALES FEMALES TOTAL AND OLDER CHADIZA Chadiza Naviluri 1,152 2,994 3,096 6,090 2,569 Kampini 808 1,948 1,971 3,919 1,744 LUMEZI Lumezi Chamtowa 2,583 6,275 6,387 12,662 5,459 CHASEFU Chasefu Luwerezi 953 2,450 2,515 4,965 2,065 SINDA Sinda Nyamasonkho 2,000 4,923 5,058 9,981 4,512 Mngomba 2,149 4,974 5,284 10,258 4,376 KATETE Milanzi Kapoche 469 1,133 1,148 2,281 973 Mkaika Kadula 1,809 4,539 4,716 9,255 4,035 Vulamkoko 2,113 5,247 5,350 10,597 4,675 MAMBWE Malambo Jumbe 1,102 2,639 2,708 5,347 2,467 Mphomwa 1,563 4,072 4,078 8,150 3,587 Chikowa 898 2,384 2,437 4,821 2,001 Mnkhanya 1,547 3,803 3,911 7,714 3,474 Kakumbi 2,973 6,946 7,234 14,180 6,382 Mdima 2,270 5,675 5,697 11,372 4,650 Ward Totals 15 24,389 60,002 61,590 121,592 52,969 4.2.2 Culture and Ethnic groupings There are many traditional leaders/cultures/ethnics groupings in Eastern Province. However, the two prominent and senior most are traditional leaders are; Paramount Chief Mpezeni of the Ngoni people of Zambia (Eastern province) and Malawi (Mchinji district) and Paramount Chief Kalonga Gawa Undi of the Chewa people of Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique. Eastern Province is predominantly Ngoni and Chewa land with Tumbukas in Lundazi District. 23 The famous N’Cwala traditional ceremony of the Ngoni people of Zambia and Malawiis held in Chipata at Mtengulen. The famous Kulamba traditional ceremony of the Chewa people Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique is held in Katete at Mkaika. The N’Cwala ceremony is all about the Ngoni people paying homage to their Chief Mpezeni and God for the gift of the first fruits and food. The ceremony is also meant to praise God for giving them fresh crops in the fields. The Kulamba is celebrated to pay homage to their Chief Kalonga Gawa Undi and celebrate the history and culture of the Chewa people. All subordinates Chiefs from Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique come together with their subjects. 4.2.3 Land Use and Settlement Closer to the townships, the land use activities on the identified line routes include settlements and trading activities. Isolated portions of crop fields are common and crops grown include maize, cotton, and beans. Alongside these sections fewer cattle rearing and grazing areas are a common feature. However, away from the townships, the land use activities mainly include uncultivated parcels of land overgrown with vegetation and interspersed with agricultural activities. Settlements in the project area are usually located within the main townships as well as in villages dotted along the main roads linking the districts to outlying areas. The same pattern is also seen in rural areas where the settlements are mainly found along the roads. Easy accessibility of markets for their farm inputs and produce and access to social services such as water, schools and health centres are the main determining factors for location. In the rural areas, the settlements are mainly grouped in families. 4.2.4 Typical housing types Within the townships, it is common to see institutional and some personal houses built using concrete blocks, plastered, painted and roofed with either asbestos or iron sheets whilst other personal houses are built with baked bricks and roofed with iron sheets or grass thatched. In rural areas, the majority of the houses are built of mud-bricks with grass thatched roofs. Occasionally, the houses are built using burnt bricks and corrugated iron sheets. 4.2.5 Water and sanitation In the townships, piped water and sewerage services in some houses are provided by Eastern Water and Sewerage Company. Outside of the townships, along the project areas, streams and shallow wells are the major sources of water. Occasionally, there are boreholes fitted with hand pumps which are used to provide water for the locals. These boreholes are sunk by the government through the Department of Water Affairs or with financial assistance by NGOs operating in the area. World Vision is providing water and sanitation services in Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwe, Chadiza, Sinda and Katete Districts. Most of the schools and rural health centres are serviced by water boreholes 24 fitted with pumps, however, most of them have become malfunction due to lack of maintenance over the years. In some rural communities, water is obtained from surface water bodies and onsite sanitation through drop-down toilets is the common way of disposal of faecal matter. The showers and toilets are usually constructed behind the main house. Solid waste disposal is by way of burying a pit near the homestead and which is covered with soil when full. In some instances, burning of waste, especially vegetative waste, is the most common way of waste disposal. 4.2.6 Local Economy Lumezi, Chasefu, Mambwe, Chadiza, Sinda and Katete Districts have economic comparative advantages for Eastern province which are; • Availability of Government institutions and banking facilities • Proximity to the major local markets and linkage to regional trade routes into Malawi, Mozambique and the greater SADC region • Availability of both skilled and unskilled labour. • Presence of hydro-power energy and telecommunication system • Fertile soils, favourable climatic condition and plenty of land for crop and livestock agriculture • Unexploited opportunities for agro-processing for the many fruits and vegetables • Abundant wildlife in South Luangwa, Luambe and Lukusuzi National Parks 4.2.6.1 Agriculture The whole of Eastern province is largely a farming province with a mixture of commercial and peasant farmers where cotton, tobacco, maize, groundnuts and rice are grown on a large scale and livestock rearing being the mainstay of the local people’s livelihoods. The Province falls within one of the country’s most active agricultural region with significant tracks of arable land for crop and livestock agriculture. There is potential for mixed farming at both commercial and small scale level especially for crops such as maize, soya beans, wheat and among others. There is high potential for investment in agro processing ranging from cotton to soya beans, tobacco, groundnuts and other grain crops. With increased investments in agro production and processing, the Province has potential to increase its productivity and meet the demand both locally and across borders into the SADC and COMESA region. 25 4.2.6.2 Tourism The main tourist attractions in the Province are the South Luangwa, Luambe and Lukusuzi National Parks all of which are renowned for their rare wildlife and bird species and bird sanctuaries. Among the most common wildlife are; lions, leopards, cheetahs, elephants, zebras, buffalos, waterbucks and wild dogs among others and various bird species. Furthermore, what stands out for the Province are traditional ceremonies especially for the Chewa people called Kulamba and Ngoni people called N’Cwala celebrated at Mkaika and Mtenguleni respectively. These offer opportunities for investment in the hospitality sectors such as hotel and lodge construction. 4.2.6.3 Manufacturing Industry Agriculture is one of the major sectors in the province therefore, there is potential for investment in the industries themed around Agro equipment, Processing and Services. Most of the province’s products from the Agriculture are traded in their raw form. Therefore, there exists value addition options in milling plants, peanut butter processing, cooking oil making industries among others. 4.2.6.4 Mining The mining sector presents lots of opportunities as it remains largely unexplored despite some districts in the province having proved deposits of gold. Investments in mineral exploration may need to be intensified to ascertain the mineral volumes in the province. The availability of limestone also provides an opportunity for quarry development to supply aggregate for the booming construction industry in the country and cement production. However, there are no potential mining activities in the immediate project area. 4.2.6.5 Energy The Province has great potential for development of the energy sector through solar plantations. However, there are currently no solar plantation is underway and would be critical in addition to the current energy demand both locally and for export. There is potential in the energy subsector particularly in relation to solar energy production because of huge pieces of land available in the District. 4.2.6.6 Infrastructure Development There is enormous potential for infrastructure development in the Province This is primarily because the Province has remained predominately rural yet is highly endowed with natural resources. Investments in infrastructure through a Public Private Partnership model would help in opening up the province and position it to fully realize its potential in Tourism, Agriculture and Agro-Processing, Mining and Manufacturing industries. 26 4.3 PROFILE OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS 4.3.1 Summary of Affected PAPs Project-affected household (PAH), includes all members of a household, whether related or not, operating as a single economic unit, who are affected by a project. Project Affected Person (PAP) includes any person, households, entity, organizations, firms or private institutions who, on account of changes that result from the project will have their (i) standard of living adversely affected; (ii) right, title, or interest in any house, land, water resources, fish ponds, communal fishing grounds, annual or perennial crops and trees, or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired, possessed, restricted, or otherwise adversely affected, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily; and/or (iii) business, occupation, place of work or residence, or habitat adversely affected, permanently or temporarily, with or without displacement. The PAPs were identified taking into account a right-of-way (ROW) of 22m width (11m on either side). During detailed socio-economic survey was conducted and any development within the 22m span of the 33/11kV power line was deemed to be affected by the project. The socio-economic baseline for the PAPs is based on the census and asset survey that was conducted in August/September 2020. A total of sixty-one (61) PAPs are anticipated to be affected by the proposed power line construction works in Eastern province. Of the 61 PAPs, no dwelling structure will be affected, 57 household’s fruit trees will be affected, 1 goat house, 3 make shift stalls (“tuntembas�), and 1 restaurant with fixed structures. Only one of the affected will need to be replaced and demolished. The make shift stalls can easily be relocated outside of the wayleave. The affected restaurant cannot however be avoided as there is no any other way for line route. Table 5 shows a summary of the PAPs, PAHs (based on the total number of people registered during the administering of survey questionnaires) and total number of affected fruit trees. Table 6 shows PAPs segregated according to gender and age respectively in the Project area. Table 5: Summary of PAPs Affected Quantity Total number of affected persons 61 Total number of PAHs 253 Number of fruit trees 94 27 Table 6: Summary of PAPs by Gender and Age DISTRICT GENDER AGE MALE FEMALE Lumezi 1 1 16 - 30 4 4 31 - 45 5 2 >45 Total 10 7 Chasefu 1 - 16 - 30 4 3 31 - 45 4 3 >45 Total 9 6 Mambwe 1 1 16 - 30 5 4 31 - 45 7 10 >45 Total 13 16 4.3.2 Households affected by loss of dwelling structures No households will be affected through the loss of dwelling structures arising from the construction works. 4.3.3 Vulnerable PAPs A total of eleven (11) high-risk groups or vulnerable group of people who by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage, or social status will be affected. Vulnerability by gender refers to female PAPs who meet the following criteria; 65 years of age and above, single head of house with dependents and having any form of disability. Refer to table 7. Table 7: Summary of Vulnerable PAPs GENDER AGE District AREA MALE FEMALE RANGE Lumezi Kasonte 2 1 65-85 Chasefu Emusa 1 65-85 Chaponda, Malama 3 4 65-85 Jumbe, Chisengu, Mambwe Nyamununga 4.3.4 Employment and livelihoods All the 6 Districts in which the grid extensions will be carried out can be categorized as agriculture/rural Districts. The major land use within the study area is agriculture, which is focussed on small scale farming. The majority of the people are engaged in farming which is a source of livelihood for the affected majority. 28 However, during the survey it was observed that most of the people whose property (structures) is affected, are engaged in some form of small enterprise due to proximity to the roads. 4.4 PROFILE OF PAPs 4.4.1 Profile of the affected property/fruit tree owners The purpose of the survey was to identify the affected persons, collect baseline social data for future monitoring purposes, and collect details about the assets that will be lost to the project. Fifty-seven (57) of the PAPs have fruit trees representing the majority of the affected PAHs, who were identified and interviewed and four (4) have structures (Refer to appendix 5 and 6). Since the project would affect the PAHs primarily in relation to their fruit trees, the socio-economic profile was developed based on the interviews conducted on the affected Households. (Refer to table 8) No farm (cultivation) land will be affected by the project in all the Districts where construction works will be undertaken. 4.4.2 Details of affected fruit trees/properties This includes the category of the properties affected whether dwelling house, business undertaking, fruit trees or institutional building. The description also includes the details of the affected PAP such as name, age, household size, presence of any vulnerable individuals. The table in the Valuation report will also describe the materials used for the roof, floor and wall of the affected structure (Refer to appendix 6). Mitigation measures have been proposed which include replacement of the structure, realignment of the line routes, compensation for the loss of business, or movement of the make shift structures outside of the power lines wayleave. 29 Table 8: Details of PAPs and affected fruit trees/properties NO. NAME NRC CONTACT VILLAGE/ AFFECTED QUANTITY AMOUNT NUMBER TREES (ZMK) AREA /STRUCTURE LUMEZI DISTRICT 01 Catherine Nyirenda 240342/51/1 0777303259 Dwasu Cluster banana 1 990.59 02 Shadrick Ngoma 290115/51/1 0974390624 Dwasu Mango 1 2,323.09 03 Lute Phiri 302711/51/1 - Dwasu Mangoes 2 4,646.18 04 Pewani Mvula 245120/51/1 07770755649 Kabumba Mango 1 1,882.06 05 Mary Theresa Zimba 158859/51/1 - Kasote Mango 1 2,323.09 06 Konde Phiri 152920/52/1 0979186922 Kasote Mango 1 3,764.12 07 Cathrine Nyika 351532/51/1 0976467569 Kasote Mango 1 1,882.06 08 Kingstone Mwale 155574/51/1 0979928857 Kasote Mango 1 2,602.90 09 Susan Mtonga 267064/51/1 0979945051 Kasote Canadian apple 1 1,725.00 Mango 3 6,969.27 10 Witness Zulu 364680/51/1 0979480003 Kasote Cluster banana 2 1,321.52 Canadian apple 1,725.00 11 Abraham Banda 284953/51/1 0978232376 Kasote Mango 1 2,602.90 12 Lindani Mphande 264398/51/1 0975937224 Falangi Mango 1 2,602.90 13 Francis Mwanda Austin 100416/51/1 0975702357 Kasote Mango 2 4,646.18 14 Kondwani Mkandawire 364356/51/1 0975868079 Mankalala Mango 1 2,602.90 15 Ernest Mwanza 244902/51/1 Kampondo Mango 1 2,602.90 16 Agness Gondwe 316931/51/1 Kampondo Mango 1 2,602.90 CHASEFU DISTRICT 30 NO. NAME NRC CONTACT VILLAGE/ AFFECTED QUANTITY AMOUNT NUMBER TREES (ZMK) AREA /STRUCTURE 17 Betty Moyo 161773/51/1 0978672669 Emusa Mangoes 3 7,725.00 18 Janet Chiwowa 453837/51/1 0975354326 Emusa Mango 1 1,575.00 Oranges 2 1,290.00 19 Tibale Ndhlovu 315877/51/1 - Emusa Mango 1 1,575.00 20 Dickson Shawa 207746/51/1 0978812522 Emusa Mango 1 2,575.00 21 Vava Ndhlovu 236820/51/1 0977599648 Emusa Mango 1 2,575.00 22 Whitson Banda 295825/51/1 0979586014 Emusa Mango 1 1,575.00 23 Johnson Ndhlovu 416454/51/1 0978564973 Emusa Mango 1 1,575.00 24 White Kaluba 328485/51/1 0972001886 Emusa Banana 1 1,600.00 25 Makamo William 329510/51/1 09781372 Emusa Mango 1 2,575.00 26 Winford Mphepo 255028/51/1 0977999957 Emusa Orange 1 645.00 27 Lucy Kamanga 292787/51/1 0979356204 Emusa Mango 4 6,300.00 28 Martha Ndhlovu 161670/56/1 Emusa Mango 1 2,575.00 29 Patricia Shawa 401796/51/1 0978695849 Emusa Mango 1 2,575.00 30 Timothy Chikomazyz 498485/52/1 0976820763 Comaco Banana 1 2,560.00 MAMBWE DISTRICT 31 Amon Banda 474915/52/1 0761688192 Kamalizya Mango 5 10,725.00 32 Cosmos Mwanza 117805/58/1 0963862648 Kamalizya Mango 1 2,575.00 33 Hilder Mwale 245248/52/1 0975661699 Kamalizya Mango 1 4,575 34 Susan phiri 366571/52/1 0760346705 Kamalizya Cashew nut 1 4,575 35 John kamanga 330696/52/1 0963862648 Kamalizya Mango 1 1,575 36 Mambwe Town Council - Kamalizya Mango 2 3,575 31 NO. NAME NRC CONTACT VILLAGE/ AFFECTED QUANTITY AMOUNT NUMBER TREES (ZMK) AREA /STRUCTURE 37 James Phiri 191089/11/1 0966086191 Malama Mango 1 1,575 38 Rosemary banda 200402/52/1 0966252348 Jumbe 2 mango 2 2,150.00 39 Foster Ngoma 111132/58/1 0964737683 Jumbe Cashew nut 1 4,575.00 40 Roidah Eliza Phiri 295269/52/1 0977482637 Jumbe Mango 1 1,575.00 41 Charles Mwale 107241/58/1 0760279029 Chikowa Mango 4 3,850.00 42 Betner Mbewe 200311/52/1 0968998785 Chikowa Mango 1 1,575.00 43 Esther Banda 331131/52/1 0962346240 Chikowa Mango 1 1,575.00 44 Jonathan Phiri 117081/52/1 0962987422 Chikowa Mango 3 4,725.00 45 Fatness Ngoma 444994/52/1 0966303651 Chikowa Mango 2 1,150.00 46 Allison Zulu 112391/58/1 0968133135 Mnkhanya Mango 1 2,570.00 47 Shaba Forget 112021/52/1 0963813081 Mnkhanya Mango 1 1,175.00 48 Eneles Sakala 449066/52/1 076292395 Kabindula Mango 2 3,150.00 49 Mwale Simon 362881/52/1 0977743613 Mwale Mango 1 1,575.00 50 Macrina Zulu 3375552/1 0967971677 Mwale Mango 1 2,570.00 51 Maines Njobvu 187195/52/1 0761250498 Chaponda Mango 1 2,570.00 52 Elizabeth Mwanza 480972/11/1 0761380108 Nyimba Mango 1 2,575.00 53 Arron Zulu 470837/52/1 0976844664 Nyimba Mango 1 2,375.00 54 Alfred Shuma 363664/52/1 0978911228 Nyimba Mango 2 3,150.00 55 Malama Ngoma 388392/52/1 0970228474 Nyimba Mango 1 1,975.00 56 Peter Ngoma 103820/58/1 0969766518 Nyimba Mango 1 1,575.00 57 Timothy Chikomazya 498485/52/1 0976820763 Comaco Cluster banana 1 2,560.00 32 NO. NAME NRC CONTACT VILLAGE/ AFFECTED QUANTITY AMOUNT NUMBER TREES (ZMK) AREA /STRUCTURE List of PAPS with affected structures 58 Robert Mshanga 104344/58/1 0974672955 Mambwe/Chasengu Goat House 1 8,800.00 59 Richard Banda 117455/58/1 0977116793 Mambwe/Chasengu Market stalls 1 2,000.00 60 Betty Banda 104322/52/1 0761988719 Mambwe/Chisungu Market stalls 1 2,000.00 61 John Nyirongo 278557/51/1 0986302153 Lumezi Restaurant 1 120,000.00 shop 33 5.0 ENTITLEMENT FRAMEWORK An assessment of the affected physical assets was carried out at project site to identify individuals whose properties or livelihoods would be directly affected by the project activities. Valuations will be conducted to determine the value of the affected physical structures for compensation. However, valuations for the affected fruit trees were carried out. Based on these assessments, negotiations about entitlements for the structures will be carried out with the affected families while for the fruit it was already carried out. The following sections describe the basis for determining eligibility for entitlements related to the loss of assets and other assistance that may be required during the resettlement process, a summary of impacts that require mitigation and a description of individual entitlements that will be negotiated with the affected households. 5.1 COMPENSATION ELIGIBILITY Eligibility establishes the basis for entitlement to compensation for a project affected person. Based on IFC Performance Standard PS5, eligibility is established through the declaration of a cut-off date which is followed by a detailed inventory of all affected assets. Any assets or improvements made after the cut-off are not eligible for consideration of entitlements. The cut-off date and its implications for the resettlement planning process will be explained to the PAPs. In light of this, affected farmers were encouraged to be present during the valuation of their fruit trees or asset survey in order to confirm ownership. The community leaders (headmen) gave their full support to the procedure and were present mostly or sent a delegation with the survey team to witness the process. 5.2 PROJECT IMPACTS The identified impacts are summarised in table 9 below: Table 9: Summary of project impacts Impact Total Number Business affected and structure to be replaced 1 Business affected but structure will not be relocated 4 Market stalls 3 Fruit trees 94 5.2.1 Loss of crops and fruit trees Measures have been proposed to avoid the loss of crops during construction period. Since no annual crops were found during the survey as it was not farming season, the construction works will only be carried out after the harvest of the crops is completed. 34 Perennial crops or standing trees are affected by the project. The loss of fruit trees as a result of wayleave clearance was arrived at taking into account the ROW of 22m (11m either sides) for the proposed HT (33/11kV) lines. Any structure or fruit tree which was found to be within the said ROW was deemed affected. The impact on the fruit tress applies to instances where they cannot be avoided. Fruit trees belonging to 57 PAPs will be cut to pave for the construction works. This measure will have an impact on the livelihoods of the local people as some depend on the sale of fruits. Majority of these are mangoe trees refer to the attached valuation reports for details. 5.2.2 Loss of business structures The survey identified one structure which are currently used as sources of income; one is used as a restaurant. In order to avoid the impact on loss of income, the affected person will be paid cash to enable them decide on their own where to build their new structures. The affected owners will be given a grace period of 2 months after the payment of their compensation. 5.2.3 Loss of revenue/income The loss of revenue/income arises from the relocation of roadside shops or other trading places such as market stalls. The loss of revenue also arises from loss of business during the day/s when the construction works will be carried out. This later impact affects shops that are not within the power line route line but are at the edge of the wayleave. Construction works are likely to affect business activities. The total number of market stalls that will need to be relocated are 3. The questionnaire used in the loss of income survey is attached. (Refer to appendix 3) 5.2.4 Loss of dwelling places No dwelling place will be affected by the project in Eastern province. 5.3 COMPENSATION CALCULATION METHODS The general principle adopted in the formulation of compensation values is that lost income and assets will be valued at their full replacement cost such that the project affected populations should experience no net loss. This is in accordance with the World Bank Operational Policy on involuntary resettlement, OP 4.12. Valuations for compulsory acquisition and compensation in Zambia are prepared in harmony with the Land Acquisition Act, Chapter 196 of the Laws of Zambia. Under Section 12(b) of the said legislation, the value of the property should be, “the amount the property might be expected to realize if sold on the open market at the time of publication of the notice to yield up possession.� In this regard, Replacement Cost is defined as “The aggregate amount of the value of the land for the existing use or a notional replacement site in the same locality, and the gross replacement cost of the buildings and other site works�. 35 The Market Value (MV) is defined in the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) Appraisal Valuation Manual of 1995 as the “best price at which the sale of an interest in property would have been completed unconditionally for cash consideration on the date of valuation assuming a willing seller�. The basic principle of the Law of compensation is that the sum awarded should as far as practicable place the claimant in the same financial position as they would have been, had there been no question of their land/property being compulsorily acquired. This means that the claimant should be no better off and no worse off than they were before the acquisition. The amount of disturbance payment shall be equal to the reasonable expenses of the person entitled to the payment in removing them from the land from which they are displaced; and if they were carrying on a trade or business on the land, the loss they will incur by reason of the disturbance of that trade or business consequent upon their having to quit the land. Disturbance allowance has a social dimension not adequately executed in the valuation as it is assumed that the affected persons will retain their occupational sources of income. 5.4 ENTITLEMENTS The International Resettlement Guidelines require compensation for lost assets and replacement costs to both titled and non-titled landholders and resettlement assistance for lost income and livelihoods. Thus, in this project, the absence of formal title will not constitute a barrier to compensation. Further, the principles adopted herein contain special measures and assistance for vulnerable persons, such as female-headed households, physically challenged persons, and the destitute. Persons affected by land acquisition are entitled to a combination of compensation measures and resettlement assistance, depending on the nature of ownership rights of lost assets and scope of the impact that will help to restore livelihoods to pre-project standards at a minimum. Table 10 provides a detailed description of the standard entitlements for each type of loss that requires compensation and mitigation. Table 10: Entitlement Matrix Category of Affected Type of Loss Entitlement People 1. Loss of land Landowners with legitimate • Financial compensation for lost land at interests in the wayleave in full replacement value3: the following categories: − Where affected land is smaller than 1. Traditional land tenure 1.25ha or administered by the Chief − Where the affected portion is less than 20% of the land 3Land Acquisition Act: value of the property shall be the amount which the property might be expected to realize if sold in the open market by a willing seller. 36 Category of Affected Type of Loss Entitlement People 2. Privately purchased land • Full replacement of land allocated under in an area under tribal traditional system: control − Where the affected farm is cultivated 3. Land with a Certificate of and Occupation issued by the − Where the affected portion is more than Department of Lands 20% of the lost land, or 4. Land owned under a − Where the owner can prove that the Leasehold with registered residual (remainder) area is no longer Title economically viable, or − Where land acquisition causes landlessness (minimum livelihood requirement is 1 lima or 0.25ha) • Financial compensation at full replacement value as determined by a registered Valuer or Department of Lands for: − Privately acquired land in areas under tribal control and − Titled (privately owned) land. 2. Additional land Owners of cultivated land • Assistance with application for land from acquisition with an affected area greater the Chief assistance than 20% of the total land • Assistance with application for area and who are entitled to restoration of formal ownership, if replacement land applicable Owners of dwellings in the • One replacement house of equal size wayleave, inhabited at the determined by floor area and time of the cut-off date replicating, as far as possible, functional uses where original dwelling consists of 3. Loss of multiple buildings dwellings / • Resettlement to an agreed rural residential settlement site (in same village) structures Owners of dwellings in the • Financial compensation based on the full wayleave, uninhabited at the replacement value of the existing time of the cut-off date dwelling as determined by a registered Valuer 37 Category of Affected Type of Loss Entitlement People 4. Loss of crops4 Owners of Annual crops and • Financial compensation for all agreed fruit trees crops • Compensation will be based on the standard rates determined from time to time by the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) • Intercropped crops will be compensated in proportion to the coverage and proportionate reduction of weight of rate as determined by MOA formula • Transportation cost or allowance to Bank 5. Loss of business Owners of business • Resettlement to outside the wayleave structures structures in the line routes, (in same village) in use at the time of the cut- • • Full replacement cost for entire off date structure • • Allowances: • - Administrative and Transaction • - Loss of Land • - Loss of Income/business (for 1 (one) month) • - Transportation Relocation • - Reconnection to Electrical- Transportation to Bank Owners of business • Financial compensation based on the full structures in the wayleave, replacement value of the existing not in use at the time of the business structure as determined by a cut-off date registered Valuer 6. Loss of non- Owners of non-residential • Financial compensation based on the full residential structures (sheds, wells, replacement value of the existing structures shelters) at the time of the structures as determined by a registered cut-off date Valuer 7. Difficulty for Vulnerable project affected • Transitional hardship assistance as some households persons, e.g. disabled appropriate to specific cases, e.g. coping with persons, elderly persons, support female headed household to transition caused persons with chronic illnesses assist during transition and other by physical assistance deemed appropriate under displacement specific circumstances 8. Loss of Households suffering direct • Transitional assistance to farmers with livelihood economic displacement cultivated fields to mitigate the loss of resulting from the project 4 Agricultural Lands Act 38 Category of Affected Type of Loss Entitlement People livelihood until their crops have been re- established Households suffering direct • Compensation for loss of business economic displacement income based on baseline financial data (legitimate businesses) for affected enterprises resulting from the project • Replacement business structure (e.g. shop) in an agreed resettlement site conducive to its continued operation • Replacement structure shall be of equal size based on floor area • Any transactional costs to restore previously existing business rights will be borne by the Project 9. Disturbance Project Affected Person with • Compensation for the loss of allowance affected assets within the opportunity as a result of the project. wayleave. • Administrative and transaction • Transportation to bank 5.5 SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION PACKAGES The compensation packages were based on a number of principles and assumptions. The packages are discussed in the sections below. 5.5.1 Standing crops and Fruit-bearing trees The impact of the loss of fruit trees and crops. The following was considered when determining the entitlements: • All the trees within the 22m were considered at fruit bearing age • In order to protect the affected families from hunger, all standing crops will be allowed to be harvested before the start of construction provided access to the land is not immediately required by the project. It is anticipated that construction works will commence after the harvest period. 5.5.2 Residential and business structures Property owners whose structures shall be demolished as a result of the power line works shall be compensated for the replacement value of the structures and will be given a grace period of two months to re-build their structures at places of their choices. The owners shall be allowed to salvage any valuable materials from their old structures. 39 5.5.3 Other allowances Provision has been made for the one households whose structure (restaurant) will be physically displaced to assist them when they have difficulty coping with the transition into their new business premises. An inconvenience allowance has been provided for to mitigate the opportunity cost of the resettlement planning and implementation process. 5.6 PROCESS FOR FULFILLING COMPENSATION AND PROVIDING ASSISTANCE ZESCO is committed to mitigate the impacts of the project through a set of compensation measures that will bring about an improved situation for all project-affected persons. In this regard, two specific conditions need to be met as part of its fulfilment of the requirements of this Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan: a) Livelihood restoration and more specifically the restoration of their income-earning capacity will potentially require transitional support. Displacement often causes severe hardship and impoverishment. An appropriate transitional support package must be developed in consultation with the affected farmers and duly implemented with the purpose to improve their standard of living and to prevent a net loss in their economic wellbeing. b) Replacement structures, where applicable, must be built by ZESCO in time for occupation prior to the start of construction in the affected area. 40 6.0 RESETTLEMENT PLANNING 6.1 PHYSICAL RESETTLEMENT There is one household whose business structure will be physically displaced by the proposed power line project. The household asset that is affected is indicated in Table 11 below: Table 11: Summary of physical displacement Name Structure affected Valuation amount (K) John Nyirongo 1 X Shop (Restaurant) 120,000.00 Robert Mshanga 1 X Goat house 8,800.00 Richard Banda 1 x Market stall 2,000.00 Betty Banda 1 X Market stall 2,000.00 Total 162,800.00 The resettlement principles adopted for this project require that suitable compensation options for the loss of housing are developed together with the affected households that would lead to an improved standard of living. The packages are limited to the compensation for physical displacement and are subject to final agreement and sign-off with the affected households. Other entitlements are described in the Entitlement Matrix (Table 10) and will be presented in the final compensation consent. Notes to Replacement Structures: a) Replacement structure to be built in a suitable location on the remainder of the affected household’s existing land. b) Structure design to be agreed with the affected household especially in relation to positioning of doors and windows. c) All materials from old structures may be salvaged at resident’s own effort and cost. d) Project construction will commence after all replacement structures have been completely built and the affected family has taken occupancy of the replacement housing and business structure. e) A defects period of 12 months will apply for any structural deficiencies of the new buildings 6.2 RELOCATION SITE In light of the small impact on physical displacement and the availability of land for the construction of replacement of the shop, no relocation site has to be identified for the household. 41 7.0 IMPLEMENTATION The entities with significant roles and responsibilities in the resettlement process include ZESCO, REA, the Government of Zambia (as these may be delegated to provincial and district authorities), the traditional authority. 7.1 GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA AND REA GRZ will provide the financial resources necessary for final resettlement implementation through the Rural Electrification Authority (REA). REA will facilitate the compensation entitlements to the PAPs. 7.2 ZESCO LIMITED ZESCO will plan and carryout the resettlement exercise itself, including providing managerial and technical expertise. ZESCO will: ✓ Keep government officials, the traditional authority leadership and project affected households informed; ✓ Attend meetings, and provide administrative, managerial and technical support as required; ✓ Plan and implement livelihood restoration programs in consultation with affected households; ✓ Manage resettlement dispute resolution through the GRM committees; ✓ Act as the first resort for dispute resolution; and ✓ Establish a resettlement monitoring and evaluation program 7.3 GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA AND THE TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY ZESCO will implement resettlement but will work in close association with the District Commissioners (DCs) in the affected districts, and his officers, who will represent the Government of Zambia, and the Chiefs, who is the head of the Traditional Authority in the area. It is envisaged that the DC (or his delegates) and the Chief will: ✓ act as the primary Government (DC) and Traditional Authority (Chief) representative; ✓ participate in meetings with the PAPs to monitor proceedings and provide input as required; ✓ delegate representatives for the resettlement dispute resolution committee through the GRM; ✓ endorse the terms and conditions for resettlement and compensation entitlements agreed between ZESCO and project affected households; ✓ ensure that initiatives undertaken as part of livelihood restoration programs are compatible with the overall development vision of the districts and the Chiefdom, as well as with broader government objectives for sustainable rural development; and 42 ✓ ensure that the land-use plans for the resettlement sites are compatible with district development plans. 7.4 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS (NGOS) Appropriate non-governmental organisations (NGOs) who operate in the area, will be identified to assist in resettlement implementation as required. 7.5 GRIEVANCE AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION It is expected that most resettlement-related grievances that may arise during the project implementation process will be resolved through the overall approved Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). The GRM will make use of confidentiality in the recording of grievances and consider a survivor centered approach for GBV/SEA cases. Such complaints will also be referred to social service providers that are qualified to deal with such cases, these will include local hospitals/clinics, organizations offering psycho- social counselling among others. All non -GRM cases will also be recorded and referred to other Social service providers. So far the project has not recorded any grievances from the time the GRM was rolled out in the various areas. 7.6 Time Frame The Local GRM committees shall meet monthly while the Technical committee shall meet quarterly to consider the complaints that have been received during that particular period. The GRM Committees will provide resolutions during the course of their meetings. Grievances are expected to be resolved six (6) weeks after they have been reported. However, complaints that shall require urgent attention as determined by the Chairperson shall be attended to within forty- eight (48) hours of being reported. Should a complaint require more time to be resolved the affected persons shall be advised accordingly. 7.7 Approach Affected persons will be allowed if they so wish to be accompanied by a third party with whom they feel comfortable e.g. a family member to present their grievances. Affected persons will be allowed to use a language that they are comfortable with in lodging their grievances. Complaints shall be received in various forms ranging from verbal communications to formal and written complaints. Whatever the source and the form in which the complaint is received, it should be recorded and later be registered in the grievance/complaint register. The Local Focal Point Persons shall compile complaints that require immediate attention and refer them to the Chairperson through the Coordinator for a resolution. The other complaints shall be compiled and referred to the Local committee monthly meetings. 43 Use of gadgets like phones, computers, scanners and the internet shall be utilized where necessary. Local committees have been formed within the districts to handle disputes however, sensitive matters for example GBV cases are beyond the capacity of the Local committee shall be escalated to the Technical and subsequently the Project Steering Committee (PSC) or other appropriate organs such as the Police or the Judiciary. 7.8 Appeals Affected persons that shall be dissatisfied with the resolution of their grievance by the Local and Technical committees will be free to appeal in writing to the PSC Chaired Directors from ZESCO and REA. The Directors shall upon receipt of such complaints convene the PSC to assess and resolve the complaints that have been received. Should the decision of the PSC be deemed unsatisfactory, such affected persons will retain the right to take their case for Arbitration as provided for under the Laws of Zambia. The illustration in 1 below summarizes the procedure and key steps for grievances redress mechanism. 44 Grievance Close-out (e.g. corrective action implemented successfully Dissemination of Complaint Result to Complainant by the Handling Officer Verification of Complaint/ Appeal Investigation/ Redress Maintainable Acknowledgement sent to the Grievance owner Screening/Sorting of requests Technical Committee Project Steering Receive and Register Grievance Committee by the Complaints Handling Officer Arbitration/Court of law Figure 1: Grievance Redress Mechanism Process 7.9 Grievance Form A grievance form shall be filled in by the Local Focal Point Persons as a way of documenting grievances that have been received. (Refer to appendix 2) 45 8.0 Monitoring and Evaluation There will be a resettlement monitoring and evaluation program. The objective is to determine the extent to which resettlement is successfully implemented. The program will have four broad components: ✓ Performance monitoring; ✓ Effects monitoring; ✓ External evaluation; and ✓ A completion audit. 8.1 Performance Monitoring ZESCO will coordinate performance monitoring to measure progress with resettlement against scheduled tasks and milestones. Monitoring reports will be prepared on a quarterly basis for the first year following resettlement and bi-annually thereafter until the resettlement project is deemed completed. A completion audit will determine the final completion of the resettlement process. The monitoring reports will be distributed to all relevant parties. 8.2 Effects Monitoring Effects monitoring will focus on the effectiveness of resettlement and livelihood restoration measures, the identification of constraints and the recommendation of corrective measures that may be necessary. Indicators and targets for effects monitoring will be established by ZESCO, in consultation with representatives of PAPs, the Ministry of Agriculture, and/or NGOs. ZESCO will be responsible for effects monitoring, and may contract components to qualified consultants. Effects monitoring will be conducted on an annual basis. Data generation for effects monitoring will be collected from: ✓ Households, through the use of standardized, quantitative socio-economic survey instruments; and ✓ Villages, through the use of qualitative (participatory) monitoring techniques. 8.2.1 Quantitative Monitoring It will be important to monitor the changing socio-economic status of project affected households. Socio-economic status will be tracked against baseline conditions prior to resettlement. To achieve this, follow-up will be undertaken using questionnaires similar to those used during the surveys. This will allow comparison of baseline characteristics before and after resettlement, particularly of vulnerable households. 8.2.2 Qualitative Monitoring Qualitative monitoring will be participatory and gauge the effectiveness of resettlement measures in meeting the needs of project affected households. The value of participatory monitoring is that it involves project affected households in collective assessment of resettlement 46 processes and outcomes. Participatory monitoring is action-oriented and seeks to build the capacity of PAPs by: ✓ providing opportunities to reflect on progress with/obstacles to resettlement implementation; ✓ generating knowledge that informs practice and leads to corrective actions; and ✓ providing the tools to transform the economic and social environment. The qualitative monitoring program could include workshops with PAPs to give them the opportunity to: ✓ develop their own criteria for acceptable socio-economic conditions; ✓ assess their pre-project conditions in terms of their own criteria; ✓ monitor their own progress towards recovering their pre-project conditions; and ✓ develop and communicate their own solutions to outstanding problems. The outcome will be an assessment of people’s attitudes, perceptions, views and fears regarding the resettlement. Given the participatory nature of this monitoring, there will be a continual process of learning, with new ideas and concerns integrated and incorporated into the resettlement process. Monitoring will use qualitative indicators identified in consultation with participants. The following are examples of qualitative indicators that could be used: ✓ attitudes to resettlement initiatives; ✓ perceptions and suggestions relating to positive and negative project effects; and ✓ satisfaction with the consultation process. 8.3 Completion Audit A completion audit will be undertaken two years after resettlement implementation. The objectives of the audit will be to: ✓ confirm that physical inputs specified in the RAP and subsequent resettlement implementation plan have been delivered; ✓ confirm the expected outcomes of resettlement have been achieved; and ✓ assess whether outcomes of resettlement are positive. The audit will also identify outstanding matters that require further action prior to the closing of the resettlement implementation process. If no outstanding matters are identified, the final Completion Audit report signifies the closure of this resettlement project. 47 9.0 RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND SCHEDULE The summary Resettlement Implementation Budget is presented below. The budget to implement the ARAP is K300,080.47. The budget comprises the following components: • Loss of business arising from relocation of business structures and business interruption • Replacement of permanent structures (restaurant) and land development costs • Livelihood restoration (money management training and transitional support) Implementation of this RAP will commence if it is given a ‘No Objection’ by the World Bank and all logistics are in place. It will also be submitted to ZEMA for their information. 48 10. CONCLUSION This Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan has detailed the potential impacts of the grid extension project in Eastern Province on the affected communities and presents a mitigation plan for the economic and physical displacement caused by the project. ZESCO has committed to implementing this Plan according to its internal procedures and within the budget that has been allocated for this Project. It is recommended that this Plan is approved by the World Bank for implementation, in the interest of the PAPs who will benefit from the compensation that is offered in accordance with the entitlement framework. The objective of this Plan is to improve the livelihood and standards of living of the PAPs or at least to restore their situation to the same condition that prevailed prior to the implementation of the Project. 49 11 References https://www.wordpress/eastern-province-profile/Zambia, accessed on 23 September 2020 Census of Housing and Population, CSO, 2010 Eastern Province Annual Health Statistical Bulletin, CSO, 2011 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey, CSO, 2015 50 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 - Physical ASSET QUESTIONNAIRE APPENDIX 2 – GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM FORM APPENDIX 3 – BUSINESS OPERATIONS QUESTIONNAIRE APPENDIX 4 – CUT-OFF DATE NOTICES APPENDIX 5 – FRUIT TREE AND CROP VALUATION REPORTS APPENDIX 6 – STRUCTURES VALUATION REPORTS APPENDIX 7 – SCANNED COMPENSATION CONSENT FORMS 51 APPENDIX 1 Resettlement Action Plan Census/Socio-economic/Asset Inventory Questionnaire INSTRUCTION Your main duty as an enumerator in the survey is to collect data from affected households using this questionnaire. You will interview the Head/Spouse or any knowledgeable adult member of affected households. A Household refers to a group of people who normally live and eat together. These may or may not be related by blood, marriage or adoption, but make common provision for food or other essentials for living and they have only one person whom they all regard as the head. During the interviews, you are required to circle the codes (number) or indicate the code in the responses. Only where it is stated, all questions require single responses. Where the question is open- ended, you are required to summarize the response in the space provided. You must always check your work before you leave the household. This entails: - (i) checking your work for completeness- there should not be any omissions. (ii) Checking your work for legibility- you should record answers in a clear and legible format. The person entering the data in the computer should be able to read your writing. (iii) Checking your work for consistency; there should be consistency between answers recorded in the various sections of the questionnaire. (iv) You should only handover a completed questionnaire to your supervisor after checking your work and ensuring that it is error free. INFORMED CONSENT My name is ________________I am working with …………………………….. I have come to your house today because your household will be affected by the project. The purpose of this survey is to collect data that will be used to assess the livelihood and economic status of affected households. This survey will also help us collect data for developing an inventory of affected movable and immovable assets. This is a requirement for preparing a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the project. I would therefore like to ask you questions on people who live here, livelihoods, economic activities, assets and your opinion regarding the project. Your participation in this survey will have no bearing on whether you receive any assistance from the project in the future. In addition, there are no costs to you for participation in this survey, and you will not be paid for participation. However, your responses will help the project to develop a better understanding of your household for better planning of the resettlement process. This interview should take about 30 minutes. If it is okay with you, can we start this interview? Yes [ ] No [ ], If No, THANK Participant, secure appointment and PROCEED to the next eligible household. A. CONTROL INFORMATION Name of Date Interviewer: _______________________________________________________________ (dd/mm/yyyy) Surname First Name Name of Respondent 1….Head of Respondent: _______________________________________________________________ Type Household Surname First Name 2---Other Name of Village Name of Chief Interview Interview Start Time End Time GPS Coordinates latitude longitude B. HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 1. Name of Head of 2. Sex of Male-------1 Household(Get Portrait __________________________________________________________ Head of Female-----2 photo) __ Household Surname First Name First Name 3. Date of birth Head of 4. Marital Status Single -------------1 Married -----------2 Household of Head of Divorced----------3 Widowed ---------4 (dd/mm/yyyy) Household 5. Educational level of Head of Household (What is the highest grade Head of 1=None 2=Primary 3=Secondary 4=Tertiary Household has acquired) 52 6. Household 7. Is Head of Household disabled or chronically Yes-----1, No-------2 size(include Household Number of Male------- sick? Head) Number of Female----- 6. Is there any other Yes-----1, 6. If Head of Household or any other Disabled as evidenced by ZAPID/disability member of household No-------2 member of this household is disabled assessed------------1 who is disabled or or chronically sick, what is the Disabled but not assessed--------------2 Terminally ill & other related diseases-------------- chronically sick? vulnerability category?(CIRCLE ALL -3 THAT APPLIES) C. LAND SIZE, OWNERSHIP & USE 8. Is Head of Household Yes-----1, 9. If the answer to question 8 is yes, Title Deeds----1 Offer letter from Lands---2 the owner of this land? No-------2 what proof of ownership? Other, specify_________________________3 10. If the answer to 11a. What is your Tenant--------1, Caretaker------2, question 8 is No, who is _________________________________ relationship to the Relative------3 Other, specify--------4 the owner? _ owner? Surname First Name 11a. If you are not owner of this land, what do you own on this land (CIRCLE ALL THAT 1=Dwellings only 2=trees 3=all APPLIES)? built structures 12. If the answer to question 11 is tenant, what is the monthly rental payment? Monthly Payment _____________________________ 13. What is the size of 14. Land owner NRC & Contact No. this plot? (indicate length ____Hectares _____________________________________ X width if easier) _ NRC Mobile Phone Number 15. What is the total size of land available for agricultural production (owned and rented) to this household IF NO LAND WRITE ‘0 _____________ hectares owned ______________hectares rented out 16. How long has this family been living on this land? ______years D. ECONOMICAL PROFILE D1. HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS 17. What kind of dwelling does your household live in? 1=Traditional Hut 2=Improved Traditional House (OBSERVE) 3=Temporal 4=Other (Specify)…………… 18. What kind of material is the roof of the dwelling 1=Asbestos Sheets 2= Iron Sheets made of? (OBSERVE) 3= Grass/Straw/Thatch 4= Wood 5= Other (Specify 19. What kind of material is the floor of the dwelling 1= Concrete only 2= Covered Concrete made of? (OBSERVE) 3= Mud 4= Other (Specify 20. What kind of material is the wall of the dwelling 1= Pan Brick 2= Concrete Brick made of? (OBSERVE) 3= Mud Brick 4= Burnt Brick 5= Pole 6= Mud 7= Grass/Straw 8= Other (Specify…. 21. How many rooms is the dwelling/housing 1=One, 2=Two, 3=Three, 4= Four, 5=Five, 6=Six, 7=Other, specify_______________ structure?(indicate number on dwelling) 1. Dwelling 1---------------------- 2. Dwelling 2--------------------- 3. Dwelling 3---------------------- 4. Dwelling 4--------------------- D2. AGRICULTURE 53 22. Which crops did you Area planted in 2019/2020 Quantity Produced in Unit: grow in the 2019/2020 season (hectares(indicate 2019/2020 season 1= 50 kg bag, 2=25kg bag, season? CIRCLE ALL length X width in metres if IF Production = 0, 3=10 kg bag, 3=Tin THAT APPLIES easier)) skip to next CROP 4=Head, 5=Other, specify 1 Maize 2 Sorghum 3 Millet 4 Beans 5 Groundnuts(indicate shelled/unshelled) 6 Rice 7 Irish Potato 8 Sweet Potato 9 Cassava 10 Tobacco 11 Cowpeas 12 Green Beans 13 Amaranths 14 Cabbage 15 Chinese Cabbage 16 Carrot 17 Impwa 18 Okra D3. HOUSEHOLD INCOMES AND EXPENDITURE 23. Name the most important non-farm source(s) of Remittance ---------1 Skilled trade/artisan------2 Casual non-agriculture labour --------3 Petty trade (cooking oil, income/cash to your household? CIRCLE ALL THAT soap,, etc.)---------4, Savings and lending ( SILC)-----5 APPLIES Med/large business-------6 Brewing Beer-----7 Formal salary/wages------8 None-------9 Begging-------10 Others (specify): 88________________________ 24. Considering all your non-farm sources of income, ZMK________________________ what is your average monthly non-farm income? 25. Name the most important farm source(s) of Rainfed Crop sales------1 Casual agriculture labour-----2 Livestock sales-------3 Fishing-----4 income/cash to your household CIRCLE ALL THAT 5.=Dividends, 6=own irrigated garden, 7= Other, specify APPLIES 26. Considering all your farm sources of income, what is ZMK________________________ your average annual farm income? 27. How many (ITEM)s does your household own? (Indicate zero if HH has none. Do not count permanently broken items) READ OUT QUANTIT READ OUT QUANTITY Y 54 Cattle Bicycle Goat Motorcycle Sheep Motor vehicle Pig Tractor Poultry (Chickens, ducks, guinea fowls, pigeons, rabbits, etc) Plough Donkey/Horses Ox cart Radio Grind mill TV Genset Solar Panel Water pump Cell phone Treadle pump Other, Specify_______ Other, Specify_______ 28 What is your average household expenditure? Expenditure Item Circle appropriate Reference Period Total Amount Spent (per Reference Period) A. Food 1=Weekly 2=monthly, 3=annually B. Fuel for light (kerosene, gas) 1=Weekly 2=monthly, 3=annually C. Water 1=Weekly 2=monthly, 3=annually D. Communication(talktime) 1=Weekly 2=monthly, 3=annually E. Clothing/Footwear/beddings 1=Weekly 2=monthly F. Electricity 1=Weekly 2=monthly G. School 1=Every Term, 2=annually H. Transportation 1=Weekly 2=monthly I. Medical Needs 1=Weekly 2=monthly J. House/land rental 1=Weekly 2=monthly K. House Maintenance/repair 1=Weekly 2=monthly L. Recreation 1=Weekly 2=monthly M. Agriculture(Seeds, fertilizer, labour) 1=Weekly 2=monthly Q. Others, ________________ 1=Weekly 2=monthly R. Others, ________________ 1=Weekly 2=monthly S. Others, ________________ 1=Weekly 2=monthly D24 FOOD SECURITY 29. How many staple meals excluding snacks do you normally have in a 1=One, 2=Two, 3=Three, 4=More day? than three 30. In the past 4 weeks, was there ever no food of any kind to eat in your 1=No, 2=Rarely (Once or twice), house because of lack of resources to get food? 3=Sometimes (3 to 10 times), 4=Often (More than 10 times) 31. In the past 4 weeks, did you or any member of the household go the 1=No, 2=Rarely (Once or twice), whole day and night without eating anything because there was not enough 3=Sometimes (3 to 10 times), food? 4=Often (More than 10 times) D5. WATER AND SANITATION PROFILE 32. What is the MAIN source of drinking water for this 1=Borehole, 2=Protected well, 3=Unprotected well, household? (Circle only one MAIN source) 4=Protected spring 5=Unprotected spring, 6=River, Pond, Dam, 7= Other Specify 33. How far (one-way, walking distance in metres) is your ………………metres main water source? 34. How many minutes do you take to reach the nearest ---------------minutes place where you collect your water? 55 35. What type of toilet facility does this household 1=VIP toilet, 2=Pit latrine, 3=Bush 4=Other USUALLY use? Specify______________________________ 36. What do you do when a family member is sick? 1=Self –medication 2=Go to public clinic 3=Go to private clinic 4= None 5=Others, specify__________________ 37. Was there any death in the family in the last two 1=Yes 2=No If yes, What were the causes years __________________________________________________ __ E. ACCESS TO SERVICES AND PLACE OF EMPLOYMENT Facility 38. 39. Travel Time(hrs) 40. Type of Transport Cost of Transport Distance(Km) from House to Used:1=Foot, to facility from House to Facility 2=bicycle, 3=public (41) Facility transport 4 Other specify,_____ _____________Hospital(In dicate name) _____________Clinic(Indi cate name) School(Indicate name) 1. _________________ 1.___________ 1.____________ 1.____________ 1.____________ 2. _________________ _2. 2. ___________ 2. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ________________ ___________ 3. ___________ 3. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ________________ 3. __________ 4. ___________ 4. ___________ 4. ___________ 4. ___________ District centre Market/Shopping Centre Police Station Hammer Mill Work Place Banks Grave yard Postal Service Others, specify: 56 F. ENERGY 1=State electricity 2=solar 3=Kerosene/Gas 41. What is the source of energy for lighting the household? 4=None 5=Other, specify_________________ 1=State electricity 2=Charcoal 3=Firewood 42. What is the main source of energy for cooking? 4=None 5=Other, specify_________________ 43. If the main source of energy for cooking is firewood, what is the source and how many minutes walk is this? Name of source_________________________________________Time taken to reach source____________Minutes G. IMPACT INFORMATION G1 LAND ACQUISITION 1=whole land, 2=if partial, how much land will be 44. How much land will be acquired by the project? acquired? _______________ hectares 45. What kind of acquisition will be this? 1=Permanent 2=Temporary 3=both _______hectares will be permanently acquired 46 If the answer is both, specify the size in either case _______hectares will be temporary acquired 47. Circle the code of the structures on plot that will be lost due to land acquisition, indicate the number of these structures and get their photos Name of structure Number of Comments if any structures 1. Dwellings: Indicate total floor area(length x width ) i. Two rooms i. --------- i. --------- ii. Three rooms ii. --------- ii. --------- iii. Four rooms iii. --------- iii. --------- iv. Five rooms iv. --------- iv. --------- v. Other, specify_____ v. --------- v. --------- _______________ Material used & current cost of Indicate total floor area(length x width ) 2. Kitchen shelter replacement Material used & current cost of Indicate total floor area(length x width ) 3. Bath shelter replacement Material used & current cost of No. of employees_________ replacement 4. Shop/store monthly income___________ 5. Toilet mentioned 6. Bore hole 7. Protected well 8. Unprotected 9. Kraal current cost of replacement 10. Chicken coop current cost of replacement 11. Grain Store current cost of replacement 12. Goat pen current cost of replacement 13. Fence current cost of replacement 14. Other, specify_____ current cost of replacement _______________ 15. Other, specify_____ current cost of replacement _______________ 16. Other, specify_____ _______________ 48 Circle the code of the trees that will be lost due to land acquisition, indicate the number of these trees and take their photos Number of Number of non- Name of Tree estimated annual income mature/fruiting trees mature/non-fruiting trees 1. Banana 2. Mango 3. Pawpaw 57 4. Orange 5. Lemon 6. Guava 7. Masau 8. Avocado 9. Sugar canes 10. Mulberry 11. Cactus 12. Leeches 13. Sugar cane 14. Other: 15. How many non-fruit tress does the household have? 17. Total monthly sale from 16. Do you have a 16b Is garden on 1=Yes, 2=No 1=Yes, 2=No the garden? Garden? affected plot? ZMK_________ G. GENERAL INFORMATION 49. What do you think of the project? 1=Very Good, 2=Good, 3= Bad, 4=No answer 50. If the answer to question 49 is very good or good, why do you say so? 51. If the answer to question 49 is bad, why do you say so? 47. In case of relocation, which would PAP prefer? 1=Relocate to site of choice 2=Relocate to site identified by project, 3=Don’t know at this time 48. How would PAP prefer to be compensated for land 1=Land for Land 2=Cash for Land 3=Not Applicable 49. How would PAP prefer to be compensated for built 1= Replacement 2=Cash 3= Not Applicable structures? 50. How would PAP prefer to be compensated for 1= Replacement 2=Cash 3= Not Applicable fruit & non fruit trees (if applicable)? 51. If PAP is to receive any cash compensation (if 1=Through the Bank 2=Direct Payment 3=Not Applicable applicable), how do they want to be paid? 3=Other, specify: ___________________________________ 52. How much would be required to move personal ZMK_________Specify mode of transport_______1=Oxcart, 2 effects to relocation site? tractor, 3=van, 4=other, specify______________ 58 ASSET FORM: BUILT STRUCTURES Photo of the Owner Photo Occupant/Representative Front and Side View of The House/ Structure Rear and Side View of The House/ Structure Roof_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Walls _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Floor ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Fittings ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ APPENNDIX I– ASSET FORM: SKETCH FOR BUILT STRUCTURES 59 Sketch: 60 APPENDIX 2 Grievance Redress Form Electricity Supply Access Project (ESAP) Section 1: Complainant Details Grievance Reference Date received: Submitted by: Name of person recording the Number: grievance: □ Person submitting grievance □ Male/Female □ Other (please specify who) Name of Complainant / Organisation registering complaint (or write Anonymous): Address: Telephone Number: Email address: How was the grievance lodged: □ In person □ By Phone □ At Community Meeting □ By Mail □ By Email Signature of Complainant: Confirm that the Grievance has been acknowledged and a copy of this form provided to the complainant? □ Yes Date: Section 2: Details about the Grievance Description of Grievance: Section 3: Action Taken / Required Acknowledgement of Date when Acknowledgment Date set for resolution of Date logged in Grievance grievance sent to provided: Complaint: Log by Complaints handling Complainant? (Y/N) Officer: 61 Grievance classification: Reason(s) why: Manager/safeguard specialist/Director responsible for addressing grievance: □ Critical priority □ Medium priority □ Low priority Description of action required (to be updated as needed): Action carried out by: Date of Completion: Method of feedback to Complainant: Stakeholder response to action: Section 4: Effectiveness Review Status of Grievance: Date: To what extent has the grievance been addressed to the satisfaction of the complainant: Grievance Closed: Date: Signed off: Manager/safeguard specialist/Director responsible 62 APPENDIX 3 Electricity Service Access Project (ESAP) BUSINESS OPERATIONS QUESTIONNAIRE DOCUMENT SEQUENCE HOUSEHOLD NO: ZESCO/2020/ESAP/ NO: Interview Camera Person Duration Date Enumerator 1 ID Enumerator 2 ID Notes ID (hh:mm) (mm/dd/yy / /20 : / /20 : / /20 : SURVEY INTRODUCTION Hello, my name is I am here on behalf of ZESCO Limited. The World Bank Funded Electricity Service Access Project (ESAP) being spearheaded by the Rural Electricity Authority (REA) aims to increase electricity access targeted rural areas of Zambia. The project comprises three components which includes On-grid Electricity Access Expansion, Off-grid Electricity Access Expansio and Technical Assistance. REA is a Fund Manager for the project while ZESCO is the implementing Agency for the On-grid Electricity Access Expansion componen targeting to benefit several rural households and Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) through last mile connections and network reinforcements and extensions. In order to comply with the Zambian Environmental legislation and World Bank Safeguard requirements, ZESCO carried out Environmental and Social screening o targeted project sites. The screening exercise was undertaken in all project sites to determine the level of environmental and social studies that may be required fo the project. The screening exercise revealed that project implementation would result into minimal negative environmental and social impacts in some areas. In view o that, all the project sites were given conditional approval for implementation by ZEMA and decision letters were issued to ZESCO. In fulfillment of conditional approv for project implementation by ZEMA and World Bank Safeguard requirements, ZESCO is in the process of preparing and implementing Abbreviated Resettlement Actio Plans (ARAP) for the Project. In view of the foregoing, several stakeholders who include the local community, chiefdoms, government institutions and local authoritie among others, have been informed of ZESCO’s intentions. The On-grid Electricity Access Expansion component will involve the construction of High Tension (HT) 33/11kV and medium/low voltage (MV) 400/230V distributio lines and installation of distribution transformers in selected rural areas. The High Voltage (HT) power lines to be constructed are planned to have a right of way (ROW of 22m width (11m on either sides). The construction and operation of the project will require that affected people are compensated for the permanent loss of crops fruit trees or built structures. In order to determine the impact of the proposed project on the local community, I want to gather information from you about your household and affected business fo planning purposes. The information gathered through this questionnaire will also be used to determine your eligibility for compensation should your business b inconvenienced. The cut-off-date is ……………………………… ZESCO has asked you to participate in this survey, your participation is voluntary and this information will be used to meet any statutory requirement by ZEMA or an other government department. By providing your signature (or mark), you indicate your consent and you agree that the information you have provided is true and accurate based on your person knowledge. You also warrant that you have authority to provide information on behalf of your household members and to consent on their behalf that ZESCO may us the information as described above. ZESCO is committed to ensuring the confidentiality of information collected from you. ZESCO will not use personal information collected from you and your househo for any reason other than stated above. This Introduction has been read and explained to me. Respondent is 1- Owner, 2- Mandated ____________________________________________________ Signature of Respondent A. IDENTIFICATION 1. Respondent details and photo Note: Respondent must be an adult member of the household. 63 1.a. Name of respondent (First Middle Last Name) 1.b. Relationship of respondent to Household Head 1. Head, 2. Spouse, 3. Son/ Daughter, 4. Son/Daughter-in-Law, 5. Grandchild, 6. Parent, 7. Other relative, specify 1.c. Camera No 1.d. Photo Number A. BUSINESS ENTERPRISES – complete separate sheet for EACH Business Enterprise 1: Is the business enterprise a licenced/registered/permitted business? Y N 2: If YES, please provide licence/registration/permit number. From fixed business As a mobile / itinerant On a project/ 3: Is this business enterprise Other (Please specify premises business construction site run .......? -1- -2- -3- -4- 4: If Other, please specify: Only some days in the Only some days per 5: Is this business enterprise Daily/Every day Less frequently week month run .......? -1- -2- -3- -4- 6: Please describe the main business activities in detail: (e.g. selling of goods; selling of services; contractor services) 7: For how long (in years) or since when (year) has this Business Enterprise been actively operating ? 8: Does the business carry 9: If Yes, what is the monetary value of the Y N stock? current stock? 10: Does this business enterprise employ 11: If YES, how many staff are Y N any regular staff to operate? presently employed? 12: Does this business enterprise use any 13: If Yes, what is the monetary value Y N tools/equipment to operate/do business? of your current equipment/ tools? 14: Please provide a description of the tools/equipment currently owned by the business enterprise. 15: Do you keep regular records of your 16: What is the average monthly stock, daily/weekly revenue and regular Y N revenue/income/turnover? operating expenses? 19: Do you have Annual Financial 17: What is the monthly average total of Y N Statements for the previous year? operating expenses (excluding wages)? 20: Which month is the end of your 18: What is the average monthly wage N/A financial year? (abbreviate month) bill? VERIFICATION: We, the undersigned, agree to the assessment of the BUSINESS ENTERPRISE by the Survey Team and hereby append our signatures as evidence that we were present when the survey was undertaken BUSINESS OWNER / MANAGER SURVEYOR NAME (in print) NAME (in print) SIGNATURE / THUMBPRINT SIGNATURE / THUMBPRINT DATE DATE HEADMAN WITNESS NAME (in print) NAME (in print) SIGNATURE / THUMBPRINT SIGNATURE / THUMBPRINT DATE DATE 64 65 APPENDIX 4 PUBLIC NOTICE—OFFICIAL NOTICE OF PROJECT CUT- OFF DATE—EFFECTIVE 15 SEPTEMBER 2020 Electricity Service Access Project (ESAP) ZESCO Limited would like to inform the general public that the cut-off date for any new construction, planting of fruit trees/trees of economic value or economic start- up activities in the area identified for the construction of power lines under ESAP has been set as 15 September 2020. This follows the completion of the detailed survey and socio-economic survey which involved the counting of structures, fruit trees/trees of economic value and other economic activities in the project area which commenced on 5 August 2020 and was completed on 15 September 2020, respectively. Having undertaken this survey and identified the area as being free of encumbrances, the public is hereby advised as follows: ➢ The Project will NOT compensate anyone for any new construction structures, new fruit trees/trees of economic value or economic activities that will be in found in the area earmarked for the construction of the power lines after the stated cut-off date. ➢ Any individuals that will undertake any construction, or plant new trees and/or engage in any economic activities in the identified project area will be doing so at OWNER’S RISK and will NOT be eligible for compensation. Please be informed that a Feedback and Grievance Redress Mechanism has been set up for individuals who may want to have particular grievances considered. Should there be need for more information regarding the cut-off date, the general public is advised to contact the undersigned on Tel: +260-211-362093/+260-211- 362342/2354/2453 or visit any nearest ZESCO Office. Signed 66 Kennedy Sichone Project Manager – LTDRP/ESAP 67 Appendix 5 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CROP LOSS ASSESMENT AND VALUATION REPORT (LUMEZI DISTRICT) SUBMITTED TO: ZESCO Limited COMPILED BY: SINKALA WEBBY CEO- LUMEZI CAMP APPROVED BY: DATLISO DAKA DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL COORDINATOR LUMEZI DISTRICT 79 INTRODUCTION This report gives details on the assessment and valuation of fruit trees that would be affected by the power line to be constructed by ZESCO Limited. As a Department of Agriculture, we are mandated to carry out the assessment of the extent of crop damage and valuation of the damaged crops. The assessment was conducted from 15 th – 18th August 2020 in 5 villages in Chamutowa ward, Lumezi Constituency where the power lines will be constructed. The crops to be affected were found to be tree crops and these are mango and Canadian apple trees and bananas. A total number of 25 fruit trees will be uprooted to pave way for the power lines belonging to sixteen (16) households will be affected. The value of the fruit trees was calculated based on vegetative, age and size and total compensation cost for the sixteen (16) households is Forty-Nine Thousand Eight Hundred and fifteen Kwacha forty seven ngwee (K49,815.47). 80 MATERIALS AND METHODS • Trees to be uprooted were marked by staff from ZESCO Limited after a detailed survey of line routes using a GPS. • The marked trees were then identified by the staff from the Ministry of Agriculture and owners were approached to record their details (Names, National registration number, village, contact number, type and number of tree crop to be affected. • Details were recorded in the note books using pens for later typing and printing of a report. • For uniform computation of compensations, the calculations were based on the standard rates from the Ministry Agriculture. Type of crop Banana (ZMK) Mango (ZMK) Crop stage 1 Year >2 Years 1 Year 2 Years > 3 Years 3 - 10 Years Crop 110.83 130.83 914.16 1,682.06 2,132.09 2,402.90 compensation /Tr Land Dev. Fixed cost Land Clearing 140 140 140 140 140 140 Primary 60 60 60 60 60 60 Cultivation Land Dev. 200 200 200 200 200 200 Compensation /Hole GRAND 310.83 330.38 1,114.16 1,882.06 2,323.09 2,602.90 COMPENSATIO N/Tr 81 Type of crop Avocado (ZMK) Pawpaw (ZMK) Crop stage < 1 Year 1-8 Years 9-15 Years > 15 Years < 1 Year Crop 1,747.50 7,991.25 10,952.04 12,455.43 1,502.04 compensation /Tr Land Dev. Fixed cost Land Clearing 140 140 140 140 140 Primary 60 60 60 60 60 Cultivation Land Dev. 200 200 200 200 200 Compensation/Ho le GRAND 1,947.50 8,191.25 11,152.04 12,655.43 1,702.04 COMPENSATION/ Tr Type of crop Mexican Apple Guava Crop stage > 1 year > 1Year Crop compensation /Tr 462.5 647.50 Land Dev. FINDINGS • It was found that the prominent trees to be uprooted where the power lines will pass are mango trees ranging from 7-12 years old. 82 • The trees were at flowering stage and a total number of 21 trees of mango, 2 cluster of bananas and 2 Canadian apples will be uprooted. • 16 households would be affected by the construction of the power lines. • There were no proper management and cultural practices involved in raising these fruit trees, they were just growing naturally. • Most of the trees had 5 years to reach senescence. Table of details of owners to be affected by the power line construction NO NAME NRC VILLAGE CONTACT PLANT AGE (IN NUMBER OF VALUE (ZMK) SPECIES YEARS) TREES COUNTED 1 Catherine 240342/51/1 Dwasu 0777303259 cluster >2 3 990.50 Nyirenda banana 2 Shadrick 290115/51/1 Dwasu 0974390624 Mango >3 1 2323.09 Ngoma 3 Lute Phiri 302711/51/1 Dwasu Mangoes >3 2 4646.18 4 Pewani 245120/51/1 Kabumba 07770755649 Mango 2 1 1882.06 Mvula 5 Mary Triza 158859/51/1 Kasote Mangoes >3 1 2323.09 Zimba 6 Konde Phiri 529220/52/1 kasote 0979186922 Mangoes 2 2 3764.12 83 7 Catherine 351532/51/1 kasote 0978631906 Mango 2 1 1882.06 Nyika 8 Kingstone 155574/51/1 Kasote 0979928857 Mango 3 1 2602.90 Mwale 9 Susan 267064/51/1 Kasote 0979945051 Canadian 2 1 1725 Mtonga apple Mangoes >3 3 6969.27 Sub Total 8694.27 10 Witness Zulu 364680/51/1 Kasote 0979480003 Cluster 2 4 banana 1321.52 Canadian 2 1 1725 apple Sub Total 3046.52 11 Abraham 284953/51/1 Kasote 0978232376 Mango 3 1 2602.90 Banda 12 Lindani 264398/51/1 Falangi - 0975937224 Mango 3 1 2602.90 Mphande kasote 13 Francis 100416/51/1 Kasote 0975702357 Mango >3 2 4646.18 Mwanda 14 Ernest 254902/51/1 Kamupon 0977496329 Mango <3 1 2602.90 Mwanza do 15 Agness 316931/51/1 Kamupon 0972670773 Mango <3 1 2602.90 Gondwe do 84 16 Kondwani 364356/51/1 Makhalala 0975868079 Mango <3 1 2602.90 Mkandawire TOTAL 49,815.47 RECOMMENDATION � Farmers affected to be compensated as soon as possible for them to replant the fruit trees to be affected. CONCLUSION A good collaboration made the work to be carried effectively. 85 CROP VALUATION REPORT Ministry of Agriculture Department of Agriculture Chasefu District. Compiled by: LUNGU NOAH .C CEO – Emusa camp. Verified by: KAHALAWE ALPHONCE DACO - Chasefu 86 ATTENTION: ZESCO LIMITED. ABSTRACT This report gives details of the method used to valuate tree crops for affected households in selected rural areas of Chasefu Districts during the Way-leave surveillance exercise for Electrification by ZESCO LIMITED. The approach used during valuation is the Cost and Benefit approach, looking at the tree value, tree benefit, prevailing market unit price, estimates of annual - seasonal tree crop production for affected households to provide overall basic cost. In other crops we also consider variety type, management practices and climate which is not the same from one place to the places and it’s the biggest factor in production. Six tree crop species namely Mango, Banana, sugarcane, guava and Orange are more significant in the targeted areas. The scope of this report covers Emusa area under Chasefu District. VALUATION GUIDELINE NOTE: The value of Trees of the same species may differ according to: Size of the tree, its height, canopy, pest and disease infestation and estimated seasonal yield. • MANGO - (ONE TREE) Benefits Estimate of fruits produced in one season – 150kg Age/Size of the tree – Small, medium or large canopy, Matured/ Productive, Old/young, height. Quality/Size of Fruits produced – Medium, Large, Waste, pest and disease infestation. Unit price/kg of Fruits – k4 Total 150kg x k4 = k600 Costs Mango seedling – k5 Manure/compost 25kg bag – k30 87 Labor (watering + pruning) – k50 Total = k85 Benefit – Costs = Annual Net Profit K600 – k85 = k515 Missing Loss over 5 years in an event of Tree replanting. Annual Net Profit x 5years K515 x 5 years = k2570 Overall Basic Cost. • BANANA – Production x years for maturity x prevailing price • GUAVA and AVOCADO – Seasonal Production – less Mgt Costs x Missing Loss. • Other Trees – Prevailing market Price. • Over and Above – Mutual consent by affected households. CHASEFU DISTRICT - EMUSA AREA DAY ONE 21 st AUGUST, 2020 AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS. • Betty Moyo (NRC:161773\51\1) Location 1 Village: Emusa sub Centre Tree species: Mango No. of Trees: three (3) Size: Large canopy, matured/productive Value – 150kg of Fruits per season x k4 Unit price = k600 K600 x 3 trees = k1, 800 K1, 800 – (k85x3) = k 1, 545 K1, 545 x 5years = k 7, 725, • Janet Chiwowa (353837\51\1) Village: Emusa Sub Centre � Tree species: Mango No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, medium canopy. 88 Value: k100kg of fruits per season x k4unity price = k400 K400 – k85 = k315 K315 x 5years = k 1, 575. � Tree species: Orange No. of Trees: Two (2) Size: non matured, medium canopy Value: 30kg of Fruits per season x k10 Unit price = k300 K300 x 2 trees= k600 K600 – (85x2) = k430 K430 x 3 years = k 1, 290. DAY TWO 22 ND AUGUST, 2020 AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS 1) Dickson Shawa (NRC:207746\51\1) Village: Emusa Sub Centre Trees species: Mango No. of trees: one (1) Size: matured\ productive big canopy Value: k150kg of fruits per season x k4 unity price=k600 K600- k85=k515 K515 x 5 years = k 2, 575 2) Vava Ndhlovu (NRC:236820\51\1) Village: Emusa Trading Centre Trees species: Mango No. of trees: one (1) Size: matured\ productive, big canopy Value: k150kg of fruits per season x k4 unity price= k600 K600-k85=k515 K515 x 5 years = k 2, 575. 3) Banda Whitson (NRC:295825\51\1) Village: Katenga Tree species: Mango No. of trees: one (1) Size: matured\ productive, medium canopy 89 Value: 100kg of fruits x k4 unity price= k400 K400-k85= k315 K315x5 years =k 1, 575. 4) Johnson Ndhlovu (NRC:316454\51\1) Village: Katenga Tree species: Mango No. of trees: one (1) Size: matured\productive, medium canopy Value: 100kg of fruits x k4 unity price= k400 K400-k85= k315 K315x5 years = k 1, 575. 5) White Kaluba (NRC: 328485\51\1) Village: Emusa Sub Centre Tree species: Banana No. of trees: Ten (10) Size: not matured /unproductive Value: K80 x 10 plants = K800 K800 x 2 years = K1, 600 DAY THREE 24 TH AUGUST, 2020 AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS. 1. Makamo William (NRC:329510) Village: Emusa Trading Centre Tree species: Mango No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, big canopy Value: 150kg of fruits x K4/kg = k600 K600-k85=k515 K515x5 years=k 2, 575.. 2. Winford Mphepo (NRC: 255028\51\1) Village: Emusa Trading Centre Tree species: Orange No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, medium canopy 90 Value: 30 kg of fruits x k10 unity price=k300 K300-k85=k215 K215 x 3 years=k645 3. Lucy Kamanga NRC:292787\51\1) Village: Emusa Tree species: Mango No. of trees: Four (4) Size: matured, productive, medium canopy Value: 100kg of fruits x k4 unity price=k400 K400x 4 trees=k1600 K1600-(85x4) =k1, 260 K1, 260x5 years=k 6, 300 4. Martha Ndhlovu Village: Emusa Tree species: Mango No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, big canopy Value: 150kg of fruits x k4 unity price=k600 K600- k85=k515 K515x 5 years=k 2, 575 5. Christine Sakala (NRC:401796\51\1) Village: Emusa Tree species: Mango No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, big canopy Value: 150kg of fruits x k4 unity price=K600 K600-k85=k515 K515x5 years=K2, 575 6. Tibale Ndhlovu (NRC:315877\51\1) Village: Emusa Tree species: Mango 91 No. of trees: One (1) Size: matured\productive, medium canopy Value: 100kg of fruits x k4 unity price=k400 K400-k85=k315 K315x 5 years=k 1, 575 DAY FOUR 27 TH AUGUST, 2020. AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS 1. Timothy Chikomazya (498485\52\1) Village: comaco Tree species: banana No. of trees: sixteen (16) Size: matured, non-productive Value: k80 x16 plants=k1200 K1200x 2 years=k 2, 560 92 VALUATION REPORT SUMMARY - CHASEFU DISTRICT EMUSA AREA ESTIMATED COMPENSATI TREE NO.OF ON N0. AFFECTED HOUSEHOLD'S NAME SEX CROP TREES VALUE 1 BETTY MOYO F mango 3 K 7,725 2 JANET CHIWOWA F mango 1 K 1,575 JANET CHIWOWA F orange 2 K 1,290 3 DICKSON SHAWA M mango 1 K 2,575 4 VAVA NDHLOVU M mango 1 K 2,575 5 WHITSON BANDA M mango 1 K 1,575 6 JOHNSON NDHLOVU M mango 1 K 1,575 7 WHITE KALUBA M banana 10 K 1,600 8 MAKAMO WILLIAM M mango 1 K 2,575 9 WINFORD MPHEPO M Lemon 1 K 645 10 LUCY KAMANGA F mango 4 K 6,300 11 MARTHA NDHLOVU F mango 1 K 2,575 12 CHRISTINE SAKALA F mango 1 K 2,575 13 TIBALE NDHLOVU F mango 1 K 1,575 14 TIMOTHY CHIKOMAZYA M banana 16 K 2,560 GRAND TOTAL K 39, 295 CONCLUSION Estimates were arrived at using the cost and benefit criteria, to value tree crops in the affected rural areas to be electrified in Chasefu districts. Affected households and surrounding communities are so happy and eagerly waiting to receive power for the first time in their respective homes. Appendix 6 Appendix 7