Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No. 5107-IN STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT February 12, 1985 South Asia Projects Department Irrigation II Division This document has a restricted distribution and cmay be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. its contents mnav not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS US%1.00 = Rupees (Rs) 12.00 jj WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (METRIC SYSTEM) VJ 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft) 1 kilometer (ka) = 0.62 miles (mi) 1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres (ac) 1 million cubic meters (Mm3) = 810 acre-feet (ac-ft) 1 cubic foot per second (cusec or cfs) = 0.028 cubic meters per second (mL3/Ls) 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lb) 1 metric ton (mt) = 2,205 pounds (lb) 1 million acre-feet (OAF) 1233.5 h cubic m (Mm3) 1 cubic meter per second (cumec) 35.3 cusec 1 ton - 1,000 kilograms (kg) 1 gigawatt hours (GWh) 1 million kilowvtt hours (kWh) 1 kilo volt (kv) - 1,000 volts (10 V) 1 megawatt (MW) = 1,000 kilowatts 1 kilocalorie per kilogram (Kcal/kg) = 1,8UO British thermal units per pound (Btu/lb) FISCAL YEAR GOI; GOG; GOM; GOMP; GOR April 1 - March 31 1/ The US Dollar/Rupee exchange rate is subject to change. Conversions in this report have been made at USAl.00 to Rs 12.00 except for the economic analysis which was made at a rate of US$1.00 to Rs 11.00. 2/ The metric system has been used in most cases. However, India is still in the process of transition to the metric system; non-metric units are still widely used and have been used in this report where a conversion to the metric system may confuse the reader. FOR OMCIAL USE ONLY AIBBEVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AD - Agricultural Department CAC - Sardar Sarovar Construction and Advisory Comnittee CAD - Comand Area Development C8A - Central Electricity Authority - CA - Cultivable Coumand Area CURH - Canalbead Powerhouse CPU - Centralized Procurement Unit CVPC - Central Water and Power Commission CWPRS Central Water and Power Research Station CwC - Central Water Commission DRP - Dan Review Panel DSP - Dm Safety Panel ERR - Economic Rate of Return EL - Elevation FRL - Full Reservoir Level FSL - Full Supply Level GAU - Gujarat Agricultural University GEB - Gujarat Electricity Board GOG - Government of Gujarat GOI - Govermnent of India GOMP - Government of Madhya Pradesh GOB Government of Maharashtra GOR _ Government of Rajasthan GSCPF - Gujarat State Cooperative Marketing Federation DYV - High Yielding Varieties ICB - International Competitive Bidding ID _ Irrigation Department of the GOG IND - Indien Meteorological Department IVEB - Inter-Departmental Water Rates Review Board LCB - Local Competitive Bidding NPEB - Madhya Pradesh Electricity Board MDDL - Minimum Drawdown Level MEB - MahArashtra Electricity Board RISC - Management Information Systems Cell R&I - Municipal and Industrial NP - Madhya Pradesh MUL - Maximum Water Level ECA _ Narmada Control Authority NDD - Narmada Development Department of the GOG NKPC - Narmada High Power Conmittee NEEPC - National Rydro-Electric Power Corporation NPDDC - armada Project Dam and Design Circle MPG - Narmada Planning Group NBC - Narmada Review Comittee NRD - Narmada River Development NTPC - National Thermal Power Corporation NIDT - Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal O&M - Operation and Maintenance PDD - Power and Dams Division PMF - Probable Maxinum Flood BBPH - Riverbed Poverhouse BIB - Regional Electricity Board REC - Rural Electrification Corporation S. - Service Area SEB - State Electricity Board SLDB - State Land Development Bank SMEC - Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation SWS - Subject Matter Specialist SSP - Sardar Sarovar Project T&V - Training and Visit System of Extension YEW - Village Extension Worker I sh i doument has a resticed ditribution and may be used by mcipients ondy in the peformance of| tbek ofTicia1 duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disdiosed without Wodd Bank authorinztoin GLOSSARY kharif - Wet season; June - October rabi - Dry season; November - March chak - Irrigation delivery unit of about 40 ha in size taluka - Subdivision of a district paise - There are 1UO paise per rupee INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVAR DAR AND POWER PROJECT Table of Contents Page No. I. BACKGROUND . ........................ .. ... ...... 1 Introduction ........... ...............******** 1 The Socioeconomic Setting ...................... . .............. 2 The Narmada Basin Development ....... 3 Past Bank Group Support for Irrigation and Power Development in Gujarat 4 II. THE SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT....o. .e*a..e*6.*e*.e****** s ........ 5 General o.........o................. o 5 Project Formulation, Preparation and Objectives ............... 6 Salient Features of SSP E ....... 7 SSP Implementation Period . . . .... ... . . .... .. o.* 8 Rationale for Bank Involvement in Sardar Sarovar Project ...... 9 IIIo THE SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND RESERVOIR .............o......... 10 Location and Site Characteristics.. 10 Climate and Hydrology .............. . 11 IV. THE PROJECT. .... ....... o .. . 14 Project Description 14 Detailed Physical Features.... . ...... .. . 15 Dams and Spillways .......15 Riverbed Powerhouse...... . 16 Garudeshwar Weir ........ .16 Canalhead Powerhouse *.. ........... . 16 Vadgam Saddle Dam . ............... ... ..... 17 The Irrigation By-pass Tunnel . ............. 17 The Canalhead Regulation Reservoirs.......... 17 Transmission Lines ...... .17 This report is based on the findings of appraisal missions that visited India in March, June, September 1983, and a post-appraisal of the resettlement component in August 1984, and comprised Messrs: P. Ljung, G. Fauss, C. Diewald, R. Vick, A. Sanchez, M. El-Menshavy, R. Goodland, K. Jechoutek, D. Fitchett (IBRD/IDA) and, L.D. James, D. Dawdy, T. Scudder, M. Barber, and H. Frederiksen (Consultants). The Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation of Australia, including the team of J. Hunter, B. Jagger, and W. Gardner, come- pleted the technical appraisal of the main dam. The essential contributions of P. Ljung during project planning, formulation, pre-appraisal and appraisal stages are hereby gratefully acknowledged. Editing done by Ms. S. Fellows and word processing by Mr. J. Maddix, Ms. C. Batara, Mrs. S. Douglas, and Mrs. S. Vanjani. J - ii- Design and Implementation Aspects .......................s....... 18 Dam and Spillways .......................................... 18 The Damn Review Panel . ...................................... 18 The Hydropower Components .se .... .. .. ...... .. ... -.0 ......... 19 Hydrometeorological Network ................................ 20 Training and Technical Assistance . ........................ 21 Implementation Schedule and Status of Preparation ........... 22 Land Acquisition and Resettlement ............................. 24 GenLeral ............................24 The Tribunal Order ....*........*.........**.. ......... 24 Additional Requirements ..........6.. * * ............... ... 26 Resettlement and Rehabilitation Agreements ................. 27 Environmental Effects ......................................... 28 land and Rights *.........9- .....*..* ................. 29 V. COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING ........... 30 Project Cost Estimates ...... . 30 Operation and Maintenance (OEM) Costs ......................... 31 Cost Sharing ..............a. ...se.31 Financing ............................ . 31 Procurement ............................ 9* * 9C * * * * 9**** 99*999999 33 Disbursements ....................................... 35 Project Accounts and Audits ................................... 36 VI. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT .............. 37 Ieneral Agencies............................................ 37 Interstate Agencies 37 Gujarat State Agencies 38.............. 38 Training .... ...............*.. ... 40 Technical Assistance ......... ........................... .... 42 Centralized Procurement Unit .................................. 43 Evaluation and Monitoring ............... 44 Reporting .......... .........a........44 Project Operation and Maintenance ............................. 44 Ownership and Financial Arrangements Relating to Power Facilities .................................. 47 VII. BENEFITS. RISK. AND JUSTIFICATION ....................-........ 48 General .................48 Agricultural Benefits ................................... . ... 48 Benefits from M&I Water Supply ................................ 50 Benefits from Power Generation.. ......................... 51 Other Project Benefits ........................................ 51 Assumptions for Economic Analysis ........................... 52 Buildup of Benefits Over Time ................................. 54 Economic Rate of Return for SSP: The Base Case ................ 56 Project Risk .................................................. 58 VIII. AGREEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................ 63 Agreements ......63 Government of India .*... ........ .................... 63 Government of Gujarat .................... 64 Government of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .... 66 Governments of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra .............. 68 -iii- Recommendation ............... **. 69 Conditions of Effectiveness ... ... ... 69 Schedule A: Resettlement and Rehabilitation .........70 Schedule B: Institutional, Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements for Resettlement and Rehabilitation 72 TABLES 1. Implementation Goals and Objectives - SSP 2. Salient Technical Features, Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Complex 3. Annual Cement Request 4. Annual Steel Requirements 5. Detailed Cost Table - Main Dam 6. Detailed Cost Table - Rockfill Dikes and Link Channels 7. Detailed Cost Table - Riverbed Powerhouse 8. Detailed Cost Table - Garudeshwar Weir 9. Detailed Cost Table - Canalhead Powerhouse 10. Detailed Cost Table - Transmission System 11. Detailed Cost Table - Vadgam Saddle Dam and Bypass Tunnel 12. Detailed Cost Table - Hydrometeorological Network 13. Detailed Cost Table - Training & Technical Assistance 14. Land Acqisition and Resettlement 15. Detailed Cost Table - Su-mary Accounts by Year (2 pages) 16. Detailed Cost Table - Suummary Accounts by Project Component 17. Detailed Cost Table - Project Component by Year (Schedule of Expenditures) 18. Estimated Recurrent Operation and Maintenance Costs 19. Sharing of Project Costs Among Party States 20. Estimated Disbursement Schedule 21. Loan and Credit Allocation 22. Priority Listing of Work Plan Topics of the Narmada Planning Group 23. Incremental Agricultural Production (By Volume and Value) 24. Regional Changes in Average Net Farm Income from Crop Production 25. Projected Change in Average Incore and Land Rent from Crop Production 26. Cost of SSI Project Components by Time (22-years) 27. Water Delivery and Drainage Project, Recurrent Operation, Maintenance and Energy Costs 28. Economic Cost and Benefit Streams 29. Economic Evaluation of Sardar Sarovar Project by Functions -iv- FIGURES 1. Narmada Basin Projects (Schematic) 2. SSP Implementation Schedules Sheet 1 - Dam and Power Complex Sheet 2 - Conveyance, Distribution, and Drainage Development 3. Probable Maximum Flood for Narmada River at Sardar Sarovar Reservoir 4. Sardar Sarovar Dam and Ancillary Works - Detailed Implementation Schedule 5. Procurement Schedule for Civil Works - Main Dam and Riverbed Powerhouse 6. Procurement Schedule for Equipment and Maintenance - Main Dam, Steel for Penstocks (RBPE and CHPH) 7. Project Organization Chart - Operations & Maintenance 8. Phasing of Economic Project Costs 9. Projected Water Use in Gujarat from Different SourceL 10. Buildup of Project Benefits 11. Total Benefits and Costs Over Time 12. Sample Distribution of the Economic Rate of Return MAPS 1. Command Area (IBRD 17691) 2. Basin Projects (IBRD 17694) 3. Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Complex (IBRD 17692) SUPPLEMENTARY DATA VOLUME (SDV) ANNEXES 1. Planning the Sardar Sarovar Project 2. Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal Final Order and Decision 3. Surface Water Resources 4. Groundwater Resources 5. Agriculture 6. Project Criteria and Plan of Operation 7. Groundwater Drainage and Conjunctive Use 8. Frsmework for Operation and Maintenance 9. Dam and Power Complex .10. Economic Analysis 11. Documents in Project File INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT I. BACKGROUND J Introduction 1.01 The Harmada River Development (NRD) comprises a multistate program for development of hydropower and irrigation dams and their associated irrigation canal networks on India's largest west flowing river (map IBRD 17691). Elements of the basinvide program are planned for construction over the next 40-50 years. This development would bring an additional 4-5 M ha of potentially valuable agricultural land, now prone to drought and scarcity, under irrigation. The NRD would also secure municipal and industrial (M&I) water supplies and bolster electric generating ca acity within India's western region transmission grid by at least 2,700 NW. Over- all, the NRD would uplift the lives of about 11 X people in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Rajasthan, and Maharashtra. 1.02 The Government of India (GOI) has sought Bank assistance in financing the first stage of the NRD-Gujarat or Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP), which would be the first in a series of about 30 major projects that are planned for development within the Narmada Basin. The SSP would form the basis of Gujarat's regional water plan for almost the entire state north of the Nar- mada River. Development of the SSP would take place over the next 22 years. The cost of construction at present prices is estimated at US$5,889 M. The SSP would irrigate about 1.9 M ha in Gujarat State and create the potential for irrigation to about 70,000 ha and/or provide municipal and industrial water supplies in Rajasthan, install 1,450 MW 2f hydroelectric power gener- ation at two plants, and supply about l,3(.0 Mm /year of M&I water. The SSP consists of a large dam and power complex on the Narmada River near Navagam village in Gujarat, including a large storage reservoir extending upstream for about 210 km in Gujarat, Maharashtra, and MP, and a canal network serving an irrigation command area extending about 440 km on the right bank northvest to the Rajasthan state boundary. 1.03 The proposed Bank lending operation would assist two SSP elements simultaneously as follows: (a) an IBRD loan and IDA credit of US$200 M and USS100 M, respectively, towards the cost of constructing the dam and power complex during 1984/85 through 1994/95; and Jj This chapter is in large parts identical to the corresponding chapter in SAl, No. 5108-IN titled, "Water Delivery and Drainage Project." -2- (b) an IDA credit of US$150 K towards the cost of constructing the canal network during the years 1984/85 through 1988/89. The operation is described in two staff appraisal reports (SARs), "Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project,." Report No. 5107-IN and "Water Delivery and Drainage Project," Report No. 5108-IN; a "Supplementary Data Volume" (SDV) comprising ten technical annexes; and a list of documents on file. 1.04 The Bank assisted dam and power project described in this SAR, No. 5107-IN, would finance the SSP dam and power complex to be completed at an estimated cost of US$1,934 M by 1994. Together, the propcsed IBRD loan and IDA credit of US$200 M and US$100 M, respectiv-ely, would finance 1% of the total estimated project cost net of taxes and duties. The GOI and the Government of Gujarat (GOG) would seek financing proposals during the bidding process (para 5.07) for the large reversible turbines and generators to be installed in the Riverbed Powerhouse (RBPH), one of the project's two proposed hydropower plants. Financing would be provided by the states of Gujarat, MP, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan, L/ the first three states would share the power benefits, and Gujarat and Rajasthan would share the irriga- tion benefits. The Socioeconomic Setting 1.05 India. 0a India is a large and diverse country with a population of over 700 M and an annual per capita income of about USS250. The economy is dominated by agriculture, which employs more than two thirds of the labor force and accounts for about 40% of GDP. Sluggish agricultural growth (2.3% a year since 1950) combined with temporary setbacks caused by poor monsoons have been factors retarding the economy. D-spite intensive public investment that has more than doubled to about 25% of GDP, India continues to suffer from inadequate infrastructure facilities especially water distribution to drought prone areas, power, and shortages of key materials. As a result, the economic growth rate has averaged a moderate 3.6X a year since 1950. In attempts to raise levels of economic growth GOI has devoted considerable resources to irrigation and power development. 1.06 Gujarat. J The state of Gujarat covers an area of 19,600 km2, and has a population of about 36 N (1983) that is growing at an annual rate of O1 Rajasthan would provide financing to the extent it is obligated under the Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal decision. ]1 Detailed review is in "Economic Situation and Prospects of India," IBRD report no. 4962-IN, April, 1984. Detailed reviev of the energy sector is in the SAR for Bodh;hat Hydroelectric Project, report no. 4909-IN, March 12, 1984. O/ Greater details are in SDV, annex 1, "Planning the Sardar Sarovar Project.." -3- 25%. It is relatively urbanized and has a large and fast-growing manufac- turing sector. Between 1960 and 1982 the state's income grew at an annual rate of 3.7Z and per capita income reached in 1983 a level of US6320, which is considerably higher than the all-India level (tS4250). Agriculture accounts for more than one third of the state's income and for more than 602 of the working population (1981). Moreover, agriculture based industries account for more than 50% of all factory employment. Agricultural production largely depends ou weather conditions, since much of Gujarat is characterized by low and highly variable rainfall. This, and the limited irrigation facilities, have made the state susceptible to drought and famine. Since 1900, severe food shortages due to drought have been experienced at least 25 times. Consequently, Government of Gujarat (GOG) has given a high priority to irrigation development. The Narmada Basin Development 1.07 The Narmada is the largest west flowing river in India. It rise, in the highlands of eastern MP and flows in a narrow valley for 1,300 2km befora discharging into the Gulf of Cambay, draining an area of 98,00 km in the states of HP, Gujara5, and Maharashtra. The average annual flow of the Narmada of 45,000 Mm is greater than the total of the Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej flows that feed the great Indus Basin. More than 9O0 of the runoff occurs during the monsoon season (June-September), so that effective utilization of the water resource requires construction of major storage reservoirs. In the 1950s and 1960s, comprehensive plans were drawn for the development ot the Narmada River, but most of the plans were held up because of interstate disputes over the allocation of water. Thus, today the water resource remains almost totally undeveloped. Out of the thirty major projects presently envisaged, only one has been completed (Barna), one is nearing completion (Tawa), and one is under construction (Bargi), all in NP. 1.08 The Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal (iWDT). In 1965, GOI appointed a conmittee to develop a master plan for the basin, and when the riparian states failed to accept its recommendations, GOI appointed the Nasmda Water Disputes Tribunal to adjudicate. Following ten years of deliberations, the NWDT gave its final award in December 1979. According to estimanes based oan available data at that time, approximately two thirds (22, 5W Io') of the 75Z dependable annual utilizable supply of the river of 34 500 im3 was allocated by the NWDT to MP and most of the remainder (11,100 Mm ) so Gujarat. 3Rajas- than and Naharashtra were allocated minor amounts (600 Mm and 300 m3 , respectively). The NWDT also issued instructions, which have been taken into account in the formulation of the SSP, regarding: (a) proportionate sharing of water in surplus and deficit years; (b) full reservoir level (FRL) of the Sardar Sarovar reservoir; (c) elevation of the main canal at the Rajasthan border; (d) sharing of pover benefits from Sardar Sarovar among Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharasbtra; -4- (e) resettlement and rehabilitatiop of people living in the reservoir area; (f) regulated releases from the Nar-ada Sagar Dam in BP; (g) sharing of costs for Sardar Sarovar and Narmada Sagar dams, Sardar Sarovar riverbed and canalhead hydropower plants, and the Narmada main canal; (b) administrative coordinating mechanisms for implementation and operation; and (i) concurrent construction of Narmada Sagar Dan in HP. 1.09 Basin DeveloDment Perspectives. The NWDT's award has opened up the potential for the most important water development in India to take place before the end of this century. Present plans call for the construction of 30 major projects (21 irrigation, 5 hydropover, and 4 multipurpose), some 400 medium irrigation schemes, and several thousand minor schemes (figure 1 and map IBRD 17694). In addition to power generation and irrigation inside the basin, water has been allocated for domestic and industrial uses and for multipurpose tranabasin diversions to: Son and Ton basins in eastern MP, drought prone areas of Kutch, Saurashtra, northern mainland in Gujarat, and southern Rajasthan. In total, around 5 M ha would be brought under irriga- tion, and about 2,700 NW of bydropower capacity would be installed at a total cost of some US$13,000 X in today's prices as summarized below: Salient Features of the Narmada Basin Development Irrigation Beneficiaries Power Annual Farm Rural Installed Annual CCA Ja Irrization Families Population CaRacity Production (M ha)-- - ----(M) ------(Xi) - ---(GWh)--- MP 2.8 3.1 0.8 6.0 1,250 3,500 Gujarat 1.9 2.0 0.4 4.5 1,450 3,500 Rajasthan <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.2 0 0 Maharashtra <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0 0 Total 4.8 5.1 1.2 10.8 2,700 7,000 /a Cultivable command area. Past Bank Group SuDgort for Irrigation and Power Develoiment in Guiarat 1.10 The Bank Group has provided significant support for Gujarat's irriga- tion development, starting with the construction of the Shetrunji Canal system (Credit No. 13-IN, 1961, US$4.5 M), and followed by the Kadana Irriga- tion Project (Credit No. 176-IN, 1970, US$35 1). Although the actual rate of return estimated in the completion report was lower than anticipated at -5- appraisal (12% vs. 14Z), the Mani command served from Kadana Reservoir is now one of the most prosperous and productive areas in Gujarat. 1.11 Two creaits for irrigation are presently under implementation: the Gujarat (Medium) Irrigation Project (Credit bo. bW8-IN, 197b, USNb5 N) and the Gujarat Irrigation II (Major) Project (Credit No. lUll-IN, 1180, USS175 1). Together the two projects comprise about four rifths of Gujarat-s annual irrigatiouk investments outside harmada development. Partly due to the innovative nature of many of the projects' components, implementation was at first slower than expected. Satisfactory progress has been made with the Gujarat Medium operation which is now entering its second phase under the follow-on project to the Gujarat (Medium) Irrigation Project, covering a new time slice that has been appraised and was approved by the Board in June 19b4 (Credit No. 1496-IN). An objective of the project is a significant strengthening of Gujarat-s ability to plan, design, construct, and operate irrigation systems that can deliver a timely and reliable water supply. Although Gujarat (Major) (Cr. 1011-IN) has suffered from pervasive implemen- tation problems, primary bottlenecks have now been removed and action on residual problems has been agreea. with GOG. An important lesson learnt during this project is the urgent need for a centralized procurement organization such as is proposed under the SSP. 1.12 The Bank-s involvement in power development in Gujarat has been through loans to central government for rural transmission and electrifica- tion from which the state has benetited- The Third Rural Electrification Project is now under implementation. Power supplies through tne National Thermal Power Corporation and the Western grid and provision of rural power lines, together with finance for wells and pumps from the Bank supported Agriculture Refinance and Development Corporation lending programs have had a significant impact on the development of groundwater resources of Gujarat. II. THE SARDAR SARUVAR PROJECT 1/ General 2.01 The SSP is the part of the NRD program located in Gujarat (para 1.02). It would be based on a dam and power complex on the Narmada River near Navagam village about 95 km upstream from the Gu.xlf ox Cambay (map IBRD 17692) and irrigate a net cultivable command area (CCU) of 1.9 h ha. In addition, it would generate hydropower and supply water tor M&I water needs. It would be the largest Indian irrigation project ever planned and imple- mented as one unit. jJ Portions of this cbapter are identical to comparable paragraphs of SAR, No. 5108-IN. -6- Proiect Formulation. PreDaration. and Objectives 2.02 Folloving the award of the NWDT, the Bank mounted a reconnaissance mission in November 1978 to review basin development plans and to determine an appropriate means for Bank involvement. The mission recommended that: (a) a high level Narmada Planning Group (NPG) should be established by the GOG; (b) private or independent consultants gJ should be retained for systems studies and general planning of the GOG; and (c) key foreign experts should be provided through the UNDP and a special project preparation component of an IDA credit. 2.03 Subsequently, GOG formed the NPG as a comprehensive planning organization. The NPG has performed effectively its role of providing studies and analyses that would clarify choices for decisionmakers in GOG regarding design, construction, water allocation modes, operational schedules, schemes, etc. The UNDP-s Technical Assistance Program was initiated in 1979 and a USS10 H component was attached to Gujarat Irrigation 11 Project (Credit No. 1011-IN) I/ to support project planning activities in India, especially for Narmada. Preparation and appraisal activities from 1980 to 1983 entailed the use of specialists in the fields of systems plan- ning and scheduling, hydrology and hydraslics, large canal, concrete dam, hydropower, and related structure designs, distribution, drainage, and con- junctive use system design, groundwater resource evaluation, agriculture, inland navigation, O&M planning, resettlement, procurement, institutional planning, and cost estimates. The NPG and the Irrigation Department (ID) .J of GOG have made extensive use of local research institutes and consulting firms. Within a period of three years an impressive array of high quality studies and designs have resulted, including a comprehensive framework plan by the NPG and production by the ID of high quality designs, specifications, and procurement documents. GOG has prepared a project that represents a break with past approaches to the plAnning, design, construction, and opera- tion of irrigation projects in India. In addition, Bank staff and its con- sultants have contributed substantially to the optimization of the Narmada basin development plans and the design of its initial project investments through their input to SSP and upstream projects in hP including the Narmada Sagar dam complex. )J The NPG had successfully utilized, under contract, the services of Opera- tions Research Group, Vadodara, Gujarat, (a private firm) for several years during the critical planning stages of the SSP. 21 Subsequently supplemented by a further US10 million under the UP Tubevells II Project (Cr. 1332-IN). M The ID has been renamed the Narmada Development Department as described in para 6.07. -7- 2.04 Obiectives. Water from the Narmada River is Gujarat's remaining major water resource to be developed. Groyth of the state economy, and of agriculture in particular, would depend critically on the availability of this resource in the dry and drought prone central and northwestern parts of the state. The SSP would be the key element in Gujarat's water plan for these areas. The main objectives and functions of the SS1 are therefore: (a) to provide storage and regulation of Narmada River flo-ws for estab- lishing efficient, reliable and equitable supply of irrigation water, coupled with effective drainage services, over about 1.9 M ha of command area and municipal, industrial and domestic water in Gujarat and to create potential for irrigation of about 70,000 ha and/or provide domestic, municipal and industrial water supplies in Rajas- than, with the aim of creating the basis for a modern, diversified agricultural production system and for productive employment of its growing rural population through irrigation; and (b) to provide storage and regulation of Narmada River flows for estab- lishing a reliable and efficient supply and distribution of hydroelectric energy and generating capacity including peaking capacity, to the western region power grid serving the States of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Salient Features of SSP 2.05 The principal physical features of the SSR would consist of the following: (a) Water storaze facilities. The Sardar Sarovar Dam would be a gravity mass concrete structure rising to a height of 128.5 m above the riverbed. It would create a reservoir with an initial live storage of 5,800 Nm? (4.72 hAE) extending about 210 km up the Narmada valley and submerging an area of 370 kmu, and would require the resettlement and rehabilitation of about 11,00 families. The safety and utiliza- tion of the dam and reservoir would be enhanced by the installation and operation of the hydrometeorological network for the purpose of flood warning and day to day reservoir operations. (b) Power facilities. There would be power generating facilities on the riverbed and on the reservoir outlet to the main canal. The Riverbed Powerhouse, located underground on the right bank downstream of the main dam, would accommodate six reversible units each of 200 MW capacity that would necessitate construction of a weir downstream at Garudeshwar for pumpback operation. The Canalbead Powerhouse (CHPH) on the right bank upstream of the main dam would be a surface station of conventional type accommodating five units each of 50 MW capacity. The powerhouses would operate through a common switchyard to feed 400 kv transmission lines that deliver power to Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. (c) Water supplv and distribution facilities. Releases would be through the CHPH or the irrigation by-pass tunnel. Those releases would be -8- reregulated in four interconnected ponds above the main canal head regulator. The main canal, branches, and distributaries, which form the conveyance system to 200-500 ha irrigation service areas (SAs), would be concrete-lined and equippea with sufficient cross-regulators, and heaa control gates to operate on the controlled volume principle (SAR No. 5108-IN). The canal delivery system, within SAs would be lined to outlets serving about 8 ha and channels would be unlined from there to the farm or field outlets, and would be free draining. In-line hydropower stations would be located on drops on the Saurashtra and Kutch branch canals, and pump stations would be located on the rising reaches of these canals. (d) Groundwater suRPIv facilities. Where aquifer conditions permit, centrally controlled augmentation tubewells would supply water to the delivery network above or at the head of SAs and then to the canal delivery system in the area. (e) Draina.e facilities. An open channel flood drainage system consist- ing of improved natural and artificial drains would be constructed to the 40-ha level in the command area. Surface drainage from the field to the 40-ha level would be the responsibility of the farmer. However, drainage channels required for protection of irrigation facilities will do much to meet this need. Where present, the aug- mentation tubewells would perform a groundwater drainage function. Elsewhere, provision would be made to dispose of excess groundwater by pumping from wells to waste or by provision of horizontal drainage, as appropriate. (f) Roads. The existing road network within the command area would be enhanced by improving farm to market access and by constructing new roads to support operation and maintenance (o&4) of the total system. (g) Other infrastructure. A looped communicatio-a system would be provided between the project control center, area control centers, and all flow control points. All such flow control points would be monitorea by sensing devices, and all flow control structures at greater than 8.5 cumec capacity would be equipped for remote control. Other infrastructure include buildings for offices, stores, workshops, and residences, to support O0al of the total system. (h) Command area development. This would include land shaping, develop- ment of on-farm drainage facilities, and agricultural support serv- ices. SSP Implementation Period 2.06 It was estimated at appraisal that it would take 22 years to complete the entire SSP water storage, delivery and drainage systems including con- junctive use schemes, command area development and roads. The dam and power facilities are scheduled for initiation in 1985 and completion in 1994. SSP implementation goals and objectives are shown in table 1. Figure 2 shows the implementation schedules for all major components of the SSP, including the dam and pov-er complex (sheet 1) and the conveyance, distribution, and -9- drainage facilities (sheet 2). GOG indicates that it expects completion of major SSP conveyance and drainage works by September 30, 1998 and the remain- ing works, by September 30, 2006. Thus, the 22-year implementation period (figure 2) which was derived at appraisal, provides the principal bases for economic evaluation of the SSP. Variations are to be expected in the implementation and completion of specific works which are projected two decades in advance, for such a complex development program. Possible devia- tions from implementation assumptions taken and effects, therefore, upon the justification of the SSP are fully covered by the risk considerations of Chapter VII. Rationale for Bank Involvement in Sardar Sarovar Proiect 2.07 Due to the project's outstanding potential for benefiting the basin and the nation, the Bank has been closely involved during the planning, preparation and formulation stage. IDA funds have been provided to finance costs of preparation of basin projects in Gujarat and HP (para 2.03). The Bank has emphasized the optimization of the basin plan through, inter-alia, the adoption of modern design criteria, methodologies and appropriate institutions for executing the key investments and in the phasing of invest- ments. The rationale for continuation of Bank involvement is summarized below: (a) The project has the potential for generating long term socioeconomic benefits on an unprecedented local, regional, and national scale, in one of the world's neediest settings. (b) The Bank has had a catalyzing role in the interstate coordination and information exchange between the basin states and should continue to do so. Modern river basin planning effecting interdependent projects calls for new and complex techniques and approaches that are not widely available in India and are not likely to be adequately used without Bank involvement and assistance. (c) The planning objective is to satisfy the requirements of agriculture in the next century. New proposed technologies ot systems operation and control and other innovations, that have been adopted at the planning and design stages, may be slow or never occur without con- tinued Bank participation. (d) This project represents one of the best opportunities to achieve the Bank's objectives of setting standards for the modernization of the Indian irrigation sector. (e) It is significant that through the Bank's participation, the project has taken a different, more modern shape than it may otherwise have taken. While this could be true of many projects, this case has greater significance due to its size. (f) Bank involvement would act as a catalyst for the attraction of inter- national contractors and financing from outside sources for hydropower equipment. -10- III. TRE SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND RESERVOIR Location and Site Characteristics 3.01 The damsite is located in the vicinity of Navagam village, 80 km southeast of the city of Vadodara. The topography of the damsite is rugged and hilly and is well suited to the type, layout, and dimensions of the cam selected for the project. The geology has been thoroughly investigated and analyzed. The dam foundation excavations essentially have been completed. Early excavations helped determine the weaknesses in the foundation and enabled corrective measures to be designed without delaying main dam construction and have also confirmed major quantity estimates of the tender documents. Weak materials in the fault zone in the river channel have been excavated to an ele-7ation 11 m below sea level and backfilling with reinforced concrete to the normal foundation level at 18 m above sea level were completed at the end of 1983-b4 construction season. The layout and location of main features of the dcn complex are shown on map IBRD 17692. 3.02 Comprehensive geologic investigations have been conaucted on the right abutment of the main dam to prove the competency of the site for construction of the underground powerhouse. This includes extensive test drilling of the proposed access tunnel and cavern excavation locations and an exploratory aait along the longitudinal axis and near the top of the proposed 22 m by 58 m by 211 m machine ball. The final design specifications and bid package were reviewed at appraisal by experts of the Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation (SNEC), Australia. The internationally constituted (Sardar Sarover) Dan Review Panel (DRP) (see para 4.22) has conducted numerous reviews of the site and the relevant technical data in order to approve the proposed design and layout parsmeters and to assure the integrity of the design, its structural viability, and the water tightness of the site. i) 3.03 Tribunal Design Decisions. Principal decisions made by the NWDT in 1979 that affected the dam design were as follows: (a) Full supply level (FSL) of the main canal at the head regulator was fixed at EL 91.44 m; and (b) Full reservoir level (FRL) and maximun water level (MWL) in the reservoir were fixed at EL 138.68 m and 140.21 m, respectively. 3.04 Site Selection. Nine sites had been investigated since 1947 in the search for a possible damsite on the lower Warmada River. Four of these sites were discarded when it was decided that a higher dam was preferable, which required moving the axis upstream where the topography provided higher abut- ments for the dam. The most favorable damsites were narrowed to three sites in the vicinity of Navagam village. Of these, one site was rejected because its topography was least favorable for a high dam, and following further exten- sive geologic exploration of the two remaining sites, the present Sardar Sarovar site was chosen. jJ The geology, topography, climate, and hydrology of the region and the dam and reservoir sites, including permeability and seismic parameters, are fully discussed in SDV, annex 9, chapter IV, and the record of the proceed- ings of the DRP which are in the project files. -ll- 3.05 Type of Dam. Four alternative types of dams were evaluated for the site including: (a) full gravity dam; (b) buttress dam with nonoverflow section on the left flank, gravity dam in the spillway section, and gravity nonoverflow section on the right flank; Cc) chute spillway section followed by a gravity nonoverflow dam on the left flank, rockfill in the river portion with a gravity power dam followed by a gravity nonoverflow section on the right flank; and (d) full length hollow dam. The comparison indicated approximately equal and lowest costs for alternatives (a) and (b), hovever, relative ease of construction prompted the gravity dam choice. 3.06 The Reservoir. The reservoir would extend some 210 km upstream of the damsite in a narrow valley carved in basaltic rock underlain by sandstoge and limestone. The total 5eservoir capacity at FRL of 138.7 i is 9,500 EIm with a surface area of 370 km . The active storage is 5,600 Mmu between FRL and minimum drawdown level (MDDL) for power operations of 110.6 m. For irrigation diversions during sevIre drought, the MDDL would be lowered to about 93.6 m adding about 1,640 Mm of active storage. 3.07 There appears to be no potential for leakage into another catchment, and leakage around the dam would be controlled by the planned grouting program. There is no historical record of large scale landslides having occurred within the reservoir area or its vicinity, and a survey presents no evidence of landslides that would affect the behavior of the reservoir. A seismic monitor- iDg network is proposed to evaluate possible reservoir induced seismicity in the future. Siltation studies indicate a reservoir life in the range of 180 to 340 years. The dead storage provided is considerea adequate. 3.08 There are an estimated 235 villages and 10,578 families in three states that would require resettling prior to filling the reservoir. The principles to be adoptea for the resettlement of families were established by the NWDT and modified or expanded at appraisal and supplemented by institutional arrange- ments for implementation (see paras 4.34-4.38). Planning is underway with the Forestry Department to salvage all marketable timber prior to inundation. Climate and Hvdrology 3.09 Climate. The climate of the Narmaaa Basin is humid and tropical, although, at times, extremes of heat and cold are encountered with temperatures ranging between 430 C and 70 C. The range of mean annual temperatures are as follows: January to February 150 C to 200 C March to hay 300 C to 32.50 C June to September 27.50 C to 300 C October to December 250 C to 27.50 C -12- 3.10 Rainfall/Runoff. Rainfall data in the basin area has been available since 1b91 at which time 21 rain gauge stations were in operation, and by 1974 this had increased to 108 stations. Regular hydrologic gauging in the harmada River commenced in 1942, but it was not until 1948 that continuous hydrographic recording was established. There are now nine river gauging stations operating on the Narmada River and 19 on its tributaries. Runoff at the gauge site at Garudeshwar (about 14 km below the damsite) has been recorded for 33 years since 1950, and provides the site with direct discharge data. The rainfall records have been correlated with the river discharge records to establish a rainfall runoff relationship for the period prior to 1950. The mean annual rainfall of the catchment is 1,214 mm of which 60% falls in July and August, and 90Y falls in the monsoon months of June to October. From a recent statis- tical analysis of the frequency distribution of estimated runoff at Garudeshwar gauge for the period 1925-197b (c3alendar years), the mean annual runoff at the da site is estimated at 45,000 Mm and the 75% dependable runoff at 35,200 am /year. This compares with the estimate or 75% dependable r noff of 33,570 Mm3 upon which the NWDf based its ,"utilizable," flow (34,500 0h ) to be sharea among party states. Lj 'rom March to May the discharges at the damsite fall to about 30 cumecs. Flows exceeding 2,000 cumecs are experienced in the monsoon for extended periods and the annual maximum nearly always exceeds 2U,000 cumecs. Sirce 1967, flood discharges have exceeded 48,U00 cumecs on iive occasions, with a maximum estimated at 69,000 cumecs in 1970. 3.11 Floods lUsed For Design. The following two floods have been usea in the design for the Sardar Sarovar Dam: (a) the flood witb a recurrence interval of 1,000 years. This is called the design flood for determining the *WL in the reservoir from the point of view of backwater flooding into MP; and (b) the probable maximum flood (0IF) for determining the spillway size required to prevent overtopping oi the aam under any circumstances and protect against loss of life due to dam failure. 3.12 The determination of the PMF has been actively pursuea by the Narmaaa Project Dam and Design Circle (NW DJC) and the DRP with considerable input from Central Water and Power Research Station and the Indian Meteorological Depart- ment. In addition, several international experts in the field of flood hydrol- ogy have been engaged to advise on the matter. The studies contirm that the proposed height of the dam and design of the spillway are satisfactory. The reservoir design flood peak intlow (1,000-year) is istimated at 101,700 cumecs and its seven day volume was estimated at 16,4U0 Mm . 'lhis peak attenuates by reservoir storage to b7,300 cumecs at the spLllway as the reservoir rises to a maximum elevation of 139.7 m. The PMF hydrograph indicates 5 peak reservoir inflow of 171,0UO cumecs and a seven day volume of 33,600 lim . Attenuation of the inflow peak due to reservoir, channel, and overbank storage results in a peak spillway outflow of 132,000 cumecs and a maximum water elevation surface in the reservoir of 144.3 m. lhus, the design flood would remAin within the MWL of 140.2 m prescribed by the NWDT and the PNF flood would not overtop the / Utilizable flow as determinea by NWDT took into account natural flows based on Garudeshwar observed data from 194b-70 and hind-cast series from 1891-1948 plus carryover storage plus return flows minus reservoir evapora- tion. -13- dam (top elevation (EL) 146.5 m) thereby rendering it safe against all probable flooding. The estimated PM1 hydrographs for reservoir inflow and routed out- flow at the dam and spillway site are shown graphically in figure 3. A detailed summary of the flood analysis, including results of modelling studies is given in SDV, annex 9. 3.13 Reservoir Sedimentation. Based on 19b2 studies of available dead storage, measured suspended sediment and projected bedload estimates, NPDCC concluded that the reservoir has an expected life of between 180 and 340 years. These estimates were accepted at appraisal as adequate. 3.14 Reservoir Operation Studies. Assessment of the operation of the Saraar Sarovar Reservoir depends on model simulation of riverflows as regulated by upstream reservoirs, of upstream abstractions, and of corresponding return flows. The schematic sequence of upstream projects is shown in figure 1. The simulation takes into account the NWDT rules concerning sharing of utilizable flows, carryover storage to be provided in certain years, and mandatory down- stream releases from Narmada Sagar Dam, which is yet to be built in MP. A simulation of MP's and Maharashtra's abstractions, of their reservoir opera- tions, of Gujarat's and Rajasthan's water demand from Sarciar Sarovar Reservoir, and of releases through RBPh has been undertaken for a series of 30 years (1948-78) of natural runoff records. The simulation was carried out for a number of distinct stages of development of the basin, both upstream and in Gujarat. The simulations were subsequently adjusted to reflect a longer series of rainfall and runoff in the basin (54 years), which appears to represent long run hydrology more truly, giving mean annual runoff of 45,000 hM3 (see para 3.10). The simulation studies give indicative estimates of mean potential and projected actual abstraction from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir for irrigation and other water uses, as well as for average releases through the RBPH for selected stages of development. The estimates are summarized in the following table: Surface Water Availability for Proiected Development Stages A/ Developgmnt Stage Early Intermediate b/ Full c/ Gujarat Allocated share 10,800 (9,000) 11,200 (10,700) 11,800 (10,500) Potential abstraction by Gujarat 12,800 (9,9U0) 12,bUO (10,100) 12,700 (10,6UO) Projected abstraction by Gujarat 2,200 11,500 12,100 Rajasthan 3uO 600 650 Power releases (RBPH) 27,500 16,900 2,650 Note: All figures refer to estimated mean flows, except figures in brackets, which indicate flows at 75% dependability. a/ See SDV, annex 1, chapter III and annex 3, ."Surface Water Res...urces." b/ Assumes Gujarat and Rajasthan to be at full development, while MP and Maharashtra remain at an early stage of both reservoir capacity and abstractions. SJ Assumes basin fully developed. -14- IV. THE PROJECT Proiect Description 4.01 The project would consist of the construction of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and power complex, over a 110-month (9-years) construction period (1985-94). Salient technical features of the dam and power complex are given in table 2. The overall long term objectives of the SSP are su-marized in para 2.04. The specific objectives of this dam and power project are to create a major storage and diversion facility in the lower Narmada River valley and to develop, within existing physical and legal constraints, the river's multiple purpose water supply and hydroelectric power potential. 4.02 The dam and power complex would include the following main components: (a) a 128.5 m high and 1,210 m long concrete gravity dam with a large gated spillvay and headworks for an underground powerhouse in the right abut- ment at riverbed; (b) a RBPH with an installed capacity of 1,200 KW housing six 200 MW revers- ible turbine-generator units; Xc) a concrete veir fitted with gates, located downstream of the (am to provide the short term storage required for the pumpback operation; -d) a CEYIH with installed capacity of 250 MW, including five 50 hW conven- tional turbine-generator units; Ce) the Vadgam Saddle Dam that would secure the reservoir impoundment near the damsite on the right rim and provide the structural base for CHPH intake and penstock arrangements; (f) irrigation by-pass tunnel that would supply irrigation requirements in the event the OHPR is not operating; (g) four interconnected ponds (small reservoirs) to be created by rockfill dams that have been located between the CHPI discharge channel and the by-pass tunnel outlet and the main canalhead regulator; (h) power transmission lines from project generating stations to MP and Maharashtra interconnection locations; (i) a hydrometeorological (flood warning) network of raintall, streamflow and reservoir level gauges tied to telemetering and comunication systems to be established throughout the Narmada Basin. (j) resettlement and rehabilitation of oustees from the project's dam and reservoir area; (k) a training program to assist implementation of the project as well as future operation and maintenance of project facilities covering environ- mental sciences, operation and maintenance, and resettlement and rehabilitation; and -15- (1) technical assistance for the project's overall design, construction, and quality control; design and construction of the underground RBPh; opera- tion and maintenance of the dams, spillvays, hydroelectric power plants and power supply systems; carrying out of the hydrometeorological net- work; and, monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilita- tion program. A parallel water delivery and drainage project within the NRIi-Gujarat vill be implemented to ensure beneficial and timely utilization of the water supply potentials created by the dam and reservoir. It is described in detail in SAR, No. 510&-IN. Detailed PLhsical Features 1/ Dam and Spillwavs 4.03 Description. The main dam would be a 1,210 m long concrete gravity structure. It would rise 128.5 m above streambed and 157.5 m above the lowest point of excavation in the riverbed. The FRI was fixed at elevation (EL) 138.68 m and MWL was fixed at 140.21 m by the NWDT. Allowing for a freeboard of 6.29 m, the top of the dam is at 146.5 m. 4.04 Of the main dam's total length, the central 750 m portion supports a gated spillway section and 460 m on the flanks comprise nonoverflow sections. The 524 m long service spillway contains 23 radial gates with dimensions 18.3 by 16.7 a. Energy dissipation below the dam occurs in a 297 m long sloping-apron type stilling basin. The service spillway in the center has side walls up to 56 m high, and four dividing walls up to 45 m high that create five separate operating bays. 4.05 A 161 m long auxilliary spillway on the left flank contains seven 1.3 by 18.3 m radial gates discharging into a chute. The end of the chute is fitted with energy dissipation deflector buckets that jet spill water back to the stream. The chute walls would be up to 18 m high. 4.06 The service and auxiliary spillways combined would provide protection against overtopping and failure of the dam for a PMF peak inflow of up to 171,000 cumecs which is attenuated to 132,000 cunecs at the spillway. The river channel would be excavated for about 2J0 m below the sloping apron to improve its flow evacuation characteristics. 4.07 Ongoing construction in the dam foundation is facilitated by works for diversion of the river, including upstream and downstream coffer dams, a diver- sion channel ana construction sluice at streambed. The sluice has a bottom EL of 18 m and consists of ten 2.8 by 2.1 a conduits. This sluice would be plugged with concrete and replaced by eight similar sized conduits at EL 35 m that would discharge into the service spillway stilling basin following its completion. 4.08 In addition to the sluiceways, other outlet works of the Sardar Sarovar Dam include: intake facilities for the RBPH at EL 97.5 m in the nonoverflow jj The following constitutes a suimary of the overall magnitude of the project and its facilities, however, additional details are given in SDV, annex 9. -16- section on the right abutment; four emergency outlets placed with invert EL 61.5 m for passing the lover riverflows during construction following closure of the temporary sluiceways; ana the CHli outlets at Vadgam Saadle Dam and the irriga- tion by-pass tunnel that are not part ot the uain aam structure. 4.09 Mategial Requirements. Construction of the main dam involves placement of over 7 Mm of mass and structural concrece that would require approxima e quantities of cgnstruction materials as follows: ngtural aggregates - 7 Mzm; cement - 1.2 Mm ; fly ash or pozzolana / - 0.2 Mm ; and crushea aggregates - 0.6 i.3. There are more than adequate supplies of aggregates for all concreting works in close proximity to the aam. All required cement would be obtained from a newly commissioned 2,OUO tons/day cement factory near Surat some 150 km from the dausite. Pczzolana would be obtained from fly ash from the Ukai Thermal Power Station about 250 km from the damsite, or burnt clay pozzolana from shale deposits located nearby or in Rajasthan as necessary to assure use of the best available quality (see pars 4.33). Riverbed Powerhouse 4.10 The RBPH comprises an underground cavern (22 m by 211 m by 58 m) in the right bank housing six 200 MW reversible turbine-generator units and a b50 m long two way access tunnel. The sequentially alignea water conductor system consists of six 7.62 m diameter by 210 m long tunnels extending trom respective intake structures on the face of the right nonoverflow section of the main dam; six circular 10 m diameter by 160 m long tunnels from the turbines; an open collection pool; three circular tailrace tunnels 11.5 m diameter by 430 m long; and an open tailrace channel to the river 150 m wide by b30 m long. Accessory facilities and equipment include cable shafts, a surface transformer deck, and switchyara for transmission connection. Garudeshwar Weir 4.11 The weir is located about lb km downstream ot the tailrace outlet of the RBPH. It would be ^ gated, concrete structure about 23 m high that would provide about 26 Lm' storage and would maintain the minimum tailwater level at EL 25.9 m. The design is ongoing but no unusual foundation conditions are anticipated. Canalhead Powerhouse 4.12 The surface CHPH comprises five 50 hW units and a transtormer deck. The water conductor system consists of six steel penstocks (6.7 m diameter by 80 m long) with gated intake structures located on the reservoir lace of Vaagam Saddle Dam, and an open channel about 140 m wide by 3U0 m long, which discharges into the first of four interlinked reservoirs (para 4.15). A comon switchyard would be constructed for both RBPH and CHPhi to step up the generating voltage to 400 kV for transmission. /.j A siliceous or silicaous and aluminous additive to a concrete mix whica combines chemically with lime in portland cement to improve workability ana quality of the concrete or protects against aisruptive expansion caused by alkali-aggregate reaction or sulphate attack. -17- Vad2aul Saddle Dam 4.13 This dam is in a saddle on the right rim of the reservoir about bO m upstream of the main dam axis. The dam is about 60 m high, and contains the CEPH intake regulator and retains the reservoir level. The saddle dictates the location of the power station. The site has been investigatea vith drill holes and trenches resulting in the selection of a concrete masonry dam. Enough geologic investigations have been completed to assure the adequacy of the site from a foundation and water tightness point of view (SDV, annex 9, para 4.16). Detailed design data collection and designs are proceeding. The Irritation Bv-pass Tunnels 4.14 The by-pass tunnels have been designed to release the peak irrigation requirements so that the irrigation demand can be met if the (BPH is out ot operation. It is located on the right abutment with its intake about 75 m upstream of the main dam. Present design envisages twin pressurized tunnels, each of 6.4 m diameter operated by control gates located at the downstream end of the tunnel. An invert elevation adequate to allow substantial flow into the Narmada main canal when its water surface is at about &7 m has been recommendea, pending final design studies, to assure utilization of additional storage as discussed in para 3.U6. A stilling basin type energy dissipator would be provided at the entrance to the upper regulating reservoir (paras 4.15-4.16). The Canalhead Refulation Reservoirs 4.15 Four interlinked reservoirs behind rockfill dams have been located between the CHPH discharge channel or the irrigation by-pass tunnel outlet and the main canal3head regulator. The four reservoirs would have an active storage of about 13 NmJ for control of daily operational mismatches between power releases and irrigation demands. 4.16 Construction of the dams and interlink channels commenced in 1980. The dams are constructed of earth and rockfill embankments with central core and filter zones, and are located on four small watercourses. The ponds are inter- linked by deep channels excavated through the ridges between the watercourses. A rock-masonry spillway structure for flood protection is provided on the righc flank of the dam on reservoir no. 3 and evacuates into the Suryakund Nalla. Normal operating levels in the reservoirs would vary between EL 95.12 m and EL 92.07 m allowing discharge in the main canal at FSL of 91.46 m. Transmission Lines 4.17 Transmission facilities would consist of about 670 km of 400 kv double-circuit transmission lines to connect the hydropower complex to the grid interconnection points in Gujarat, XP, and haharashtra, and stepdown equipment at terminal points. However, NWDT's cost sharing formula for the project takes account only of the line length necessary to transmit the power to the NP and Maharashtra borders, a total line distance of 1O km. Agreement has been reached with GOGI GOMP and GOM that they would carry out, in accordance with standards and criteria acceptable to the Bank, the planning, design and con- struction, and, by December 31, 1991, or such other date as may be agreed upon between the Bank and the states, complete vithin their respective state bound- aries, the construction of transmission lines and substations and other -18- power-related facilities required for full integration of the SSP power facilities with the Western Region power grid. Design and Implementation AsUects Dan and SDillwavs 4.1 The dam design 5 has been carried out by the NPDDC with overview by the DIP and sanctioned by the CEC. The design data and criteria are in accordance with the standards laid down by Indian Standard IS-6512-1973, which in turn is in accordance with the scandards of other major dam-building authorities in the world. The design and layout of the dam adopted is considered most appropriate for the conditions at the site and is primarily influenced by features required for handling of monsoon floods during construction and the spillway facilities required to handle extremely large floods which could occur during the operation of the reservoir. 4.19 Comprehensive hydraulic modelling of the dam, its spillways, and outlet facilities have been completed and the DRY has accepted the layout, design, and dimensions of the facilities. The review of data at appraisal by SHEC resulted in basic agreement with the DRP's conclusions as described in SDV, annex 9. All modelling used separate physical models at the Gujarat Engineering Research Institute, Vadodara and/or the Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune. Principal conclusions are that the service and auxillary spillways would ade- quately dissipate energy for flood flows at the damsite of up to 171,000 cumecs (the probable maximum condition) without jeopardizing the safety of the dam and would achieve sustained performance efficiently over the range of lower flood flows. The Dam Review Panel 4.20 The DBP was formed early in 1981 by authority of GOI and GOG and had its initial meeting in June 1981. Members include five Indian and two expatriate consultants. Detailed terms of reference of the panel require review and recom- mendations concerning the dam's technical data, analyses, designs, and implemen- tation plans. It was also to assure the aaequacy of the overall design, safety, and economic efficiency of the main dam and appurtenances, including the reser- voir, spillways, RPH, CHPR, foundations and river diversion facilities. The panel met seven times through 1983. It has produced detailed reports of meeting activities and progressive recommendations. These reports are maintained in the project file. 4.21 Activities of the panel concentrated on the review of principal elements of the analyses and designs, which would effect the integrity of the main dam and spillvay structures. Review elements included: selection of the damsite; foundation explorations to identify veaknesses and possible remedies, including foundation treatment against sliding; layout of the dam complex with emphasis on hydraulic models and other analyses of the adequacy of spillway energy dissipa- tion; flood hydrology study results, including effects of the PMF on the main dam, the spillway, and appurtenant facilities; seismicity coefficients appropriate for the site; dynamic analyses of the structure; stability analyses; design criteria to be adopted; design of the underground RBPH; miscellaneous features such as designs and plans for dam and reservoir monitoring (instrumenta- tion) systems, spillway aeration, and spillvay gate operations; and preliminary -19- designs of related facilities such as Vadgam Saddle Dam (headworks for the CHPR intakes and penstocks), and the irrigation by-pass tunnel. 4.22 At appraisal, project authorities maintained the view that the DRI was chartered to be maintained only through the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project design stages. However, justification for continuing the review function under the auspices of a reconstituted Dam Safety Panel (DSP) throughout project implementation for this large and important dam and its related features has been clearly established. Thus, agreements have been reached with GOG that it would by April 1, 1985, establish and thereafter maintain a DS2 with terms of reference and membership satisfactory to the Bank. Agreements have also been reached that GOG would: (a) cause the DSP to conduct semi-annual reviews of the adequacy of the plans and designs of the dams, spillways, bypass tunnel, veir, power- houses, channels and related structures and facilities included in the project and to examine, inter alia. whether there is a need for making changes in the design and/or construction; and (b) not later than seven days from the date of each of the DSP-s reviews, furnish to the Bank and GOG a report of its findings, conclusions recom- mendations. GOG further agreed that it would, under arrangements satisfactory to the Bank, cause the project-s dams, spillways, by-pass tunnel, weir, powerhouses, channels and related structures and facilities constructed under the project to be peri- odically inspected in accordance with sound engineering practices in order to detexmine whether there are any deficiencies in the condition of such struc- tures, or in the quality and adequacy of maintenance or methods of operation, which might endanger their safety. It is proposed that the DSP meet not less than every six months or when requested by project authorities to review overall designs, construction and quality control of the project-s water storage and control features and the hydropower components. Thereafter, the DSP would report its findings and recommendations to the project authorities for resolu- tion. In order to assist the resolution of such issues a pool of talent would be made readily available through a prepared list of indiviaual consultants. Thus, it has been agreed that GOG would by April 1, 1985, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, a list of consultants and/or experts in the areas of, inter alia quality control, design of gates and valves and related control equipment, concrete design and placement, steel fabrication and erection, tun- nels, rock mechanics including coutrolled blasting and rock support systems for the underground powerhouses, design and installation of large rotating equipment and accessory electrical equipment, operation and maintenance of dams and spillways and power plants and emergencies encountered during construction such as earthquakes and other unforseen events which may affect the project. Par- ticipation of the members of the DSP and individual consultants, as may be required, are included under conditions and arrangements to be funded under the loan and credit allocations for technical assistance which are further discussed in paras 4.27, 6.16 and 6.17. The Hydronower ComDonents 4.23 The largest hydropower component is the underground RBPkI and its ancil- lary facilities. It was envisaged by NiWD as a conventional plant. However, investigations indicated that after the date of project commissioning, peak -20- shortages would coincide with offpeak surpluses of energy that made desirable the adoption of reversible turbines, a less costly option than the addition of thermal peaking capacity elsewbere in the system. This decision required after- bay storage for pumping that is created by construction of Garudeshwar Weir across the Narmada River channel about i8 km below the main dam. Also, inves- tigations have justified the CE1R as a surface hydroelectric plant, as envisaged by NWDT, located just below Vadgam Saddle Dam. Its tail waters would discharge into the balancing reservoirs at the head of the main canal (map IBRD 17962). The capacities of the RBPH and of the CHPH would be 1,200 MW and 250 MW, respec- tively. Commissioning of the first 200 MW unit of the RBPH is expected in October 1992 and the sixth (last) unit in July 1994. Similarly, the first 50 hW unit of the CEPH would be commissioned in August 1992 and the fifth (last) unit in December 1993. 4.24 The analyses of the proposed RBPH and CHIi installations were carried out jointly by GOG and the Central Electricity Authority (C5A). These studies included comprehensive reservoir operation simulations, regional power demand and generation analyses, evaluation of the sizing of the plants and tur- bine-generator units in each plant, and a determination favoring the use of reversible turbine-generator units in the RBPR. Studies were also made to verify that Sardar Sarovar hydropower installations, as scheduled, belong to the least cost expansion program for the Western Region when compared with equiv- alent alternative sequences for power development. A full discussion of the hydropower component, including the electric power supply and demand situation in India and the western region, justifications for selecting the size and type of RBPH and CUPH units and overall plant sizing are presented in SDi, annex 9. Hydrometeoro logical Network 4.25 A hydrometeorological network, including an early flood warning system for the Narmada Basin is included as a project component. This is justified by SRrdar Sarovar dam safety considerations that, under basin conditions, have resulted in the design of perhaps the world's largest spillway. lhere is also a critical need for real-time data upon which to base day-to-day decisions con- cerning the optimum operation of the basin's interrelated projects including the SSP. Moreover, future basin plans in MP call for immediate development of Narmada Sagar Dam located about 300 km upstream, (the basin's largest single storage unit), and the ultimate development of some 28 additional major project storage and diversion projects. Preparation, design, and implementation of those projects would also benefit from the data collected by a hydrometeorologi- cal network. The system would permit enhanced planning and design capabilities and result in improved operational efficiencies and reduction of flood damages throughout the Basin as soon as it becomes operational. 4.26 The network would be implemented and aaministered by coordination of project authorities in Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra and the N4armada Control Authority. Study reports have been completed for NCA by the India-based firms of Telecommunication Consultants India, Ltd., and Computer Maintenance Corpora- tion Limited. Those reports along with KCA's June 1984 report titled "Hydrometeorological Network for Real Time Streamflow and Flood Forecasting in iarmada Basin" resulted in a refinement and overall substantiation of estimates available at appraisal. jj Those refinements include definition of alternative jj The consultants' and INCA-s reports are maintained in the project files. -21- combinations of equipment and operating methodologies for the collection, storage, transmission, communication and processing of relevant data on a real time basis. Equipment subsystems would include the following: hydrometeorological sensors at lb self-recording rain gauges, 18 stream gauge discharge and 15 project reservoir sites located throughout the Basin; alterna- tive systems for data and voice transmission and communication including UHF/VHF radio, space sateAlite/VHF radio, and UHF/VHF radio along with arrangements for rental of existing equipment of the Post and Telegraph Department; and, a centrally located control center(s) with appropriate computer equipment to assist operators in the rapid monitoring and evaluation of data. Selection of the final network configuration and its operating plan is pending final evalua- tion of available options. Selection, design and evaluation of the final facilities and related operating procedures would be the combined responsibility of the liCA, GOG, GOU and GOMP project authorities. For implementation of the hydrometeorological network GOI would need to make available to the participat- ing states about US$15 M. Agreements have been reached with with GOG, GUMP and GOM that they would, in coordination one with another and the NCA: (a) by December 31, 1986 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, a final system design for the hydrometeorological network including equipment specifications and construction schedules, and thereafter, carry out the system design and construction following approval; (b) by December 31, 1787, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, an operation and maintenance plan for the hydrometeorological network including the provision of funds, staff and other resources, and, there- after, adopt and implement the plan as approved; (c) by June 30, 1988, have the components of the hydrometeorological network located within their respective state boundaries, installed and opera- tional in a manner satisfactory to the Bank; and (d) provide to NCA, as needed and in accordance with cost-sharing provisions of the hWDT decision, the funds, faciliLies, services and other resour- ces required to enable NCA to assist GOI in carrying out its respon- sibilities under the 1iDT decision related to, inter alia, the overall operation and maintenance of the hydrometeorological network. Also, agreement has been reached with GOIP and GOM that they would carry out in coordination with one another and with GOG and NCA, the construction, procure- ment, installation, operation and maintenance of the hydrometeorological network in conformity with appropriate administrative, financial and engineering prac- tices, and provide as needed, the funds, facilities, staffing, services and other resources required for such purposes. Traininz and Technical Assistance 4.27 Training, in support of interstate activities during implementation of the project, would be required in categories as follows (paras 6.14 and 6.15): (a) the environmentzl sciences and mitigation measures; (b) project operation and maintenance; and (c) resettlement and rehabilitation. -22- Technical assistance required for implementation would be in the folloving categories (paras 6.16 and 6.17): (a) overall project design, construction and quality control; (b) design and construction of the RBPH including underground works; (c) operation and maintenance of dams, spillways, hydropower plants and power supply systems; (d) implementation of the hydrometeorological network; (e) support of expert participation in DSP activities and of individual consultants; and (f) monitoring and evaluation of resettlement and rehabilitation activities. Implementation Schedule and Status of PreRaration 4.28 Figures 2 and 4 show the proposed optimal implementation schedule for the overall SSP and details of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and ancillary works, respectively. Table 1 shows principal goals and objectives for the SSP. The entire complex is scheduled for completion in 1994. 4.29 Construction of the Main Dam. Works on the foundation excavation and treatment, and initial river diversions were undertaken by a series of local contracts. Exposing the foundations of the dam enabled potential problems to be identified and solved, and thus, permitted a more exact estimation of quantities and treatment required. 4.30 The contract for the mai-n dam is on schedule. The contract provides for the supply by the government of a considerable amount of materials which can be supplied economically from local sources for which the contractor would pay a fixed price, including cement, steel reinforcement, explosives, rubble, and concrete admixtures such as pozzolana (see para 4.09). In addition, the govern- ment would supply most of the metalwork to be installed in the dam. These items of metalwork would be obtained by GOG through contracts with manufacturers and suppliers of equipment, including radial gates, river outlet gates, penstock gates, gantry crane, stoplogs, and pumps. Individual contracts would be util- ized for supply and installation of elevators in the dam, and the construction of a substation for permanent power supply to the dam. The design and bid package for the main dam and prequalification of bidders has been completed and bids have been invited. The main dam contract represents about bbkX of the total cost of the project-s estimated work contracts. Also, prequalification applica- tions have been received, designs have been completed and bid solicitation is imminent for the civil works for the underground RBPB. lhe cost of the civil works on the RBPH equals about 8Z of the total cost of work contracts under the project (para 5.14 et. seq.). 4.31 Other Contracts in the Dam and Power Complex. Other works would be undertaken by several different contractors working in close proximity with one another requiring considerable coordination and cooperation among the interested parties. The other contracts would include: -23- (a) construction of Vadgam Saddle Dam, including the intake structures for ClPH; (b) irrigation by-pass tunnels; (c) rockfill dams and link channels for reregulation ponds (these contracts were awarded in 1980 and are scheduled for completion in 1985 - see para 4.16); (d) civil works for the RBPH; (e) civil works for the CPHR; (f) supply and installation of the turbines, generators, and ancillaries for the RBPX; (g) supply and installation of turbines, generators, and ancillaries for CAIPH; (h) construction of switchyard civil works construction and installation of switchgear equipment; and Xi) construction of power transmission lines. 4.32 Agreement has been reached with GOG that it would, carry out the plan- ning, design and construction of the project works located within its state boundaries and the installation of project equipment including the tur- bine-generator units of the RBPH and CHEkE and the hydrometeorological network, in accordance with standards and criteria acceptable to the Bank. 4.33 SunRly of Construction Materials. Construction materials and goods, including cement, steel, explosives, petroleum, tires, and battery requirernmeew, have been estimated for the SS2 over the entire implementation period. Of these, the total SSP requirement for cement, over 7 X metric tons (mt), and steel, 240,000 mt, would be the most difficult to meet because of the vast quantities and peak rates required. As shown in table 3, it has been estimated that cement would be used at a rate of 500,000 mt or more a year from 1987188 through 1996/97, with a peak requirement of about 680,000 mat in 1989/90 for the main dam, pover facilities, and canal system. Similarly, steel would be required at a rate exceeding 2U,000 mt a year from 1987/88 through 1991/92 peaking at about 33,400 mt in 1989/90. At least half of the production from the newly constructed 2,000 mt a day cement plant near Surat would be dedicated for use of the Narmada project. Any additional requirements would come from loca- tions and sources normally available to the state that are posted near the center of construction as the project progresses across Gujarat. Establishment of the Centralized Procurement Unit (para 6.1b) would provide the necessary logistic mechanism for continuous evaluation and projection of the project's critical material needs. Agreement has been reached with GOG that it would maintain an adequate supply of materials including cement and steel needed to carry out the construction works under the project. -24- Land Acquisition and Resettlement 1 General 4.34 At HWL of 140.2 m and FRL of 138.7 m, the reservoir would inundate about 41,000 and 37,000 ha of land, respectively, and require evacuation of some 67,000 people (mostly tribal) in three states. Land acquisition and resettle- ment options have been appraised and implementation plans have been initiated. Data obtained at appraisal on the area and people affected in the various states are summarized in the following table: Gujarat Maharashtra MP Total Area inundated (ha)(MWL)11,608 7,050 22,b82 41,000 Villages 19 36 160 235 Families 1,900 1,358 7,500 10,758 ZI Oustees (displaced 10,593 11,747 45,000 67,340 persons) 4.35 In the main reservoir area, overall timing of the resettlement program must be in advance of, but keyed to, the rise in water levels that would be controlled by the elevation of construction at the main dam at the end of each construction season. Scheduled yearly construction levels and the resulting nominal reservoir inundation areas are as follows: Year 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88189 89/90 90191 91192 92/93 Elevation (m) lb 24 24 40 45 66 106 122 138.7 Total area (iOO ha) a/ +1 +1 +1 +2 +2 4 10 1l 37 /A The maximum area inundated corresponds with the FRL while total of 41,000 ha would be innundated at flooa level (MWL). The Tribunal Order 4.36 Land acquisition and rehabilitation principles of the NWDT are given in the Tribunal Orders. Submergence can only take place when payments and rehabilitation activities are completed among the states. There are provisions for arbitration in case of disputes among states. The Tribunal orders are summarized below: jj For further details, refer to SDV, annex 1, ."Planning the Sardar Sarovar Project.." ]/ The 14C's October 1984 report titled, "Sardar Sarovar Project:, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Programme, Supplementary Report" indicates that a total of 11,850 families would be displaced, or an increase of about 10 over the estimate available at appraisal. -25- (a) Land and Mrovertv acquisition. The states were ordered to acquire for the project all private lands situated below FRL 138.7 m together with other pertinent private interests therein. In the area affected by floodlift, between FRL 138.7 m and MWL 140.2 m, buildings with appur- tenant lands only would be acquired, with the understanding that the floodlift would include the backwater effect above MWL 140.2 a. (The MWL is measured at the dam.) The floodlift is to be worked out by the Central Water Commission (CWC) of GOI. Gujarat is to pay to NIP and Maharashtra compensation for the acquisition of new lands, including charges and expenses incurred by them in the process. Furthermore, it is required to compensate the two states and GOI for government lands made available by them for the purpose. Also, Gujarat has to pay to MP and Maharashtra land revenue in accordance with their respective land revenue codes for all land made available or acquired, as well as com- pensation for the relocation of historical monuments, religious build- ings, etc., affected by the submergence. Lastly, Gujarat is to pay all costs and expenses incurred for the rehabilitation of oustees and their families in the territories of HP and haharashtra. (b) Rehabilitation. The NWDT gave detailed orders for rehabilitation of oustees from the submergence area. The burden of rehabilitation falls on Gujarat as the builder of Sardar Sarovar Dam. It is reqLired to offer lands for new villages for oustees in its own territory, together with irrigated agricultural land, civic facilities, and grants to families being resettled. Only if oustees do not wish to migrate to Gujarat are IP and Maharashtra required to provide for land, facilities, and grants in their own territories, in which case Gujarat is to pay the respective states all costs and expenses arising from such resettlement, including that of land acquisition. {c) Oustees. Every displaced family from whom more than 25% of its holdings has been acquired would be allotted an irrigable plot of the same size, vith a minimum of 2 ha per family and a maximum as allowed by land ceiling laws. Irrigation facilities have to be provided by the state in whose territory the allotted land is situated. While oustees are com- pensated for the land they loose, they would be debited with the price of the new land provided (to be mutually agreed among the party states). Only part of new land price is to be paid initially (50% of the compen- sation for lost land) and the rest to be paid off by the farmers over 20 years. The proceeds of downpayment and installments would be credited to Gujarat since Gujarat would have paid for its acquisition. (d) Other. The NWDT further stipulated in detail the modalities and time frame for exchange of information among the concerned states on the extent of submergence areas, village location, yearly programs of rehabilitation, as well as for the various payments to be made. As a matter of principle, MP and Maharashtra retain all their rights of sovereignty over their submerged territory, in particular the rights of fishing and navigation on the reservoir as far as it is located in their territories. -26- Additional Recuirements 4.37 The prime concern at appraisal with regard to oustees was ensuring that all persons displaced, including the landless who are mostly tribal, regain at least their previous standard of living after a reasonable transition period and that, so far as possible, they be economically and socially integrated into the host community. Therefore3 the NWDT's compensatory package would have to be expanded to include the landless and other provisions necessary to ensure.ethat living standards and conditions for all oustees would be equal to or better than those existing prior to displacement. Planning, financing and implementing of the resettlement would need to be an integral part of the project and measures taken in this regard must be assured. During negotiations, GOI, GOG, Government of Maharashtra (GOM), and Government of NP (GOMP) and the Narmada Control Authority (NCA) provided the Bank with acceptable program*, plans and scheduled actions for land acquisition and rehabilitation and resettlement of Sardar Sarovar reservoir oustees. The resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) program and plans consist of the following principal elements: jj (a) an overall program of R&R of Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir oustees with time-bound schedules for resettlement of all affected villages and costs thereof; (b) detailed R&R plans for Stage I oustees where Stage I would include all oustees affected by reservoir submergence up to the contour elevation of 350 feet (106.7 meters) including identification of villages and oustees to be relocated, consideration of the oustee's preferences and specific locations of resettlement sites and alternative sites along with time-bound relocation schedules and related estimates; Cc) a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system including semi-annual and annual resettlement reports which would be evaluated to provide an annually revised plan reflecting the previous year's progress and learn- ing experiences; and (d) principles and objectives of RBR as contained in Schedule A, the institutional, monitoring and evaluation arrangements contained in Schedule X, and cost estimates which are summarized in table 14. To give effect to R&R, GOI may be required to utilize land currently protected by the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 which places a prohibition upon the use of reserved forest lands in each of the affected states thereby restricting the reasonable resettlement of displaced oustees from the project.s submergence area. Reasonable encroachment of forest lands appears to be overwhelmingly justified, under environmentally controlled conditions, by oustees who have historically obtained their livelihood from the forest and its products along the perimeter of the project's reservoir and who would in the future be able to improve their livelihood through improved and/or expanded agro-forestry pursuits. Further, resettlement effects upon the reduction of forest vegetation LJ Such R&R plans and estimates are provided in a report titled "Sardar Sarovar Project, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Programme, Supplementary Report" dated October 1984 (maintained in the project files). -27- would be minimal inasmuch as deforestation has, except for isolated pockets. already taken place within the reservoir,s immediate catchment. Resettlement and Rebabilitation Agreements 4.3b With regard to the resettlement and rehabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Reservoir oustees the following agreements and conditions have been reached: (a) that GOI would: (i) take all actions necessary to release forest lands reserved by the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, within the boundaries of the states of Gujarat, NP and Haharashtra if required for the purpcse of implementing the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project including the resettlement and rehabilitation programs and plans; (ii) with the assistance of NCA, carry out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar dam and reservoir oustees within the boundaries of the participating states of Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra; and if (iii) on June 1 of eacb year, commencing on June 1, 1986, and thereafter until June 1, 1995, furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annual reports, of such scope and detail as the Bank may reasonably request, regarding the resettlement and rehabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Dam and.Reservoir oustees within the State boundaries of Gujarat, MP and Haharashtra. (b) that GOG, GOMP and GOM would: i) provide to NCA, as needed and in accordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision, the funds, facilities, services and other resources required to enable PCA to assist GOI in carrying out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir oustees; and (ii) adopt and thereafter implement within their respective state bound- aries, a resettlement and rehabilitation plan for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir oustees, satisfactory to the Bank, which would include the principles and objectives given in Schedule A and the institutional arrangements provided for in Schedule B. Further, as a condition of effectiveness, a legal opinion on behalf of GOG, GOMP and GOM would be provided to the Bank indicating that all the necessary govern- mental actions have been taken for adopting and thereafter implementing a plan satisfactory to the Bank for resettlement and rehabilitation of all persons who would be displaced (ouLtees) as a consequence of the project, in accordance with the decisions of the the NWDT and with the principles, objectives and institu- tional, monitoring and evaluation requirements referred to in Schedules A and B. iJ For participation of the ECA in the implementation of .he overall monitoring and evaluation of the R&R program, GOI would em;loy and thereafter assign to NCA a social scientist for such purposes (see paras 6.16 and 6.17). -28- Environmental Effects 4.39 Characteristically the creation of a large man made lake results in significant environmental changes in the adjacent area. The reservoir would inundate about 37,UOO ha at FRL of which 1b% is forested, 33% is cultivable land, and nearly 50% is waste or of low utilization potential. Submergence would cause loss of forest and agricultural lands, cultural infrastructure and a limited loss of wildlife habitat. Effects on existing fisheries remain to be assessed. However, creation of a more positive ecocycle on the periphery of the reservoir may be expected in terms of improved soil moisture for nearby forests and other biomass and improved wildlife habitat. Opportunities would be created for improved local river transportation and freshwater fisheries. Below the dam, frequent low intensity flood damages would be controlled, but potential for changes in the regime of the Narmada streambed would be increased and the upward migration of existing fish species would be halted. Measures would be taken through development of implementation programs to ensure the preservation of land and enhancement of the environment. 4.40 The principal environmental activities would be as follows: (a) Fish and fisheries. A work program including detailed schedules and budgets for determining the environmental effects and proposed actions to mitigate adverse effects of the dam on the important estuarine species (hilsa, prawn, and mullet) and the fishery potential that would be created by the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir. Proposed fish and fisheries studies and programs of the GOG, GOM and/or GOMP fisheries departments include: Wi) effects of the Sardar Sarovar Dam construction and operation on the migration of fish, quality of water, suitability for spawning, and possible mitigating measures; (ii) breeding experiments with hilsa species; (iii) brackish water breeding measures needed to enhance propagation of giant shrimp and mullet; (iv) effects of changes in water quality from reduced flows over time on fisheries and on future water uses below the dam; (v) technical fishing enhancement opportunities needed to prepare future reservoir stocking and propagation needs including administrative and organizational requirements needed to assure interstate coordination regarding fisheries, control measures such as stocking, production and licensing; (vi) special studies, e.g., potential for breeding large-headed I4aashur (Tortor) fish (one of the world's most important gamefish); and (vii) other studies as the need develops. (b) Forest and wildlife. A work program including detailed schedules and budget for assessing the forest areas and wildlife that would be effected by the reservoir and designing and implementing measures for -29- its protection and for determining the effects of intensified biotic pressure on the remaining forest areas. (c) Public health. A work program including detailed schedules and budgets for assessing the risks and monitoring of the three principal diseases (malaria, schistosomiasis, and filaria) that may be augmented by crea- tion of the reservoir and designing and implementing measures to reduce their proliferation. Of these diseases, malaria occurs sporadically over the entire region, but at a generally low level, schistosomiasis was thought to have potential in a few isolated static foci in India, but additional detailed analyses concerning its occurrence would be required, and filaria has been reported close to the proposed damsite, but of the three diseases, the latter is least likely to spread. Also, migrant construction workers may bring a variety of health related problems. Thus, the environmental public health program aspects must include a specific action plan for dealing with these principal diseases that may be related to the proposed site activities during and after implementation. Agreements would be sought with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would, within their state boundaries, take all necessary measures necessary to minimize the risk of malaria, filaria, schistosomiasis and other water-related diseases that may result from implementation of the project. 4.41 No basic organizational changes, either at state or central government levels, would be required, and all proposed studies and implementation programs can be undertaken within existing organizational frameworks. Agreement has been reached with GOG, GOIiP, and GOM that they would, in collaboration with one another furnish to the Bank for its approval, by December 31, 1985, a work plan for the environmental effects anticipated regarding implementation of the SSP which would include suitable training programs for responsible staff of the three participating States, including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds and studies and implementation therefor, covering fish and fisheries, forest and wildlife, and public health aspects and, thereafter, the participat- ing states should implement the approved work plan and training programs. Land and Rights 4.42 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GOhP and GOM, that they would acquire all lands and rights needed for carrying out the project and furnish the Bank promptly with satisfactory evidence that all necessary land and rights would be available in timely fashion for purposes of implementing the project. 4.43 In addition, agreement has been reached with GOG that it would carry out the project in conformity with appropriate administrative, financial, engineer- ing, agricultural, environmental, sociological practices, including those por- tions of the power transmission line interties, hydrometeorological network and resettlement and rehabilitation components including evaluation and monitoring activities that lie within its state boundaries, and provide the required funds, facilities, staffing, services, and other resources. -30- V. COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING Proiect CQst Estimates 5.01 The estimated cost for the ten components of the dam and power-related project over a 110-month implementation period would total US41934 X, including physical and price contingencies. This amount includes a foreign exchange costs of about US4613 N or 32% of the total cost and about US$260 M or 13X for taxes and duties. The basic cost estimates were prepared by GOG engineers and their consultants, with assistance from the CWC and CEA of the GOI. Tbe estimates were revieved during appraisal. In addition, construction-type cost estimates of Sardar Sarovar Dam were prepared by SMEC during appraisal. Detailed cost estimates are given in tables 5 through 17 and are summarized below: Proiect Cost Sumrmar X Z Total Foreign Base Components Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs --(Rs million) - ----(US million) 1. Main dam 3,790.2 1,679.0 5,469.2 315.8 139.9 455.8 31 37 2. Rockfill dams & link chAnnels 92.2 17.2 109.4 7.7 1.4 9.1 16 1 3. Riverbed powerhouse al 2,726.3 2,426.2 5,152.4 227.2 202.2 429.4 47 35 4. Garudeshwar weir 352.4 149.4 b51.8 29.4 12.5 41.8 30 3 5. Canalhead powerhouse 884.3 175.9 1,060.2 73.7 14.7 88.3 17 7 6. Transmission 142.4 85.0 227.4 11.9 7.1 18.9 37 2 system 7. Vadgam saddle dam & by-pass tunnel 196.3 60.8 257.1 16.4 5.1 21.4 24 2 b. Hydrometeo- rological network 142.0 33.5 175.5 11.8 2.8 14.6 19 1 9. Training & techncal assistance 5.9 23.7 29.6 0.5 2.0 2.5 80 0 1O.Land acquisition & rehabilitation 1,680.8 - 1.680.8 140.1 - 140.1 - 1 1 Total baseline costs 1i 10,012.7 4,650.6 14,663.4 834.4 387.6 1,221.9 32 100 Physical cont. 947.0 398.5 1,345.5 78.9 33.2 112.1 30 9 Price cont. 4.885.1 2.307.9 7.192.9 407.1 192.3 599.4 32 Total project costs 15,844.8 7,357.0 23,201.8 1,320.4 613.1 1,933.5 32 158 a/ Includes Rs 3670 M (US$306 M) worth of power generating equipment of which an estimated Rs 1975 M (US$165 M) would be subject to foreign exchange (para 5.07). b/ In November 1984 prices. -31- 5.02 Physical contingencies were estimated separately for eacb component and total approximately US$112 H or 9% of the total baseline cost. Physical contingency rates are given by item for each of the ten project components on detailed cost tables 5-17. Price contingencies account for approximately 31X of the total project cost and are based on local rates of 8.5Z from 1984-85 through 1990/91 and 6% in 1991/92 and thereafter; and foreign rates of 9.751 in 1984-85, 8.75% in 1985-86, 71 in 1986-87, and 62 thereafter. Oneration and Maintenance (O&N) Costs 5.03 The estimated buildup of recurrent 0&M costs for the Saraar Sarovar Dam and power complex are presented in table 18. Annual 06H costs of USS9.67 M (Rs 116.0 M)are estimated at a rate of 0.5% of investment costs following commissioning of all turbine-generator sets in 1994 (see figure 2). Cost Sharin' 5.04 The cost of the project would be shared among the four beneficiary states as directed by the NWDT. The cost of constructing the power com- ponents would be shared in the following proportions: 161 - Gujarat; 571 - MP; and 27% - Maharashtra. The irrigation component costs are to be shared at ratios of 18/19 by Gujarat and 1/19 by Rajasthan. 5.05 The allocation of costs between power and irrigation for nine of the ten components in the project are: Allocation of costs ComDonent Power Irrijgtion 1. Main dam 56.1 43.9 2. Rockfill dames + link channels 50.0 50.0 3. RBPH 100.0 00.0 4. Garudeshwar Weir 100.0 00.0 5. CUPH 100.0 00.0 6. Transmission system 100.0 00.0 7a. Vadgam Saddle Dam 56.1 43.9 7b. Irrigation bypass tunnel 00.0 100.0 8. Training & Tech Assistance 56.1 43.9 9. Land Acquisition & Rehab. "6.1 43.9 The cost for the hydrometeorological network would be shared equally among the four states. 5.06 The total cost of USM1,934 M would be shared approximately as fol- lows: Gujarat - US$659 H or 34.1%; MP - US$843 H or 43.6X; Maharashtra - US$402 M or 20.8X; and Rajasthan - US$29 H or 1.5%. Details are shown in table 19. FinancinR 5.07 The project would be assisted by an IBRD loan/IDA credit and commer- cial co-financing would be encouraged by requesting, as part of bidding (ICB) procedures, suppliers' credits to cover a portion of the foreign exchange cost of the power generating equipment in the RBPh. The financing plan for -32- the proposed project costing US41674 M, net of taxes and duties, is as fol- lows: USS million GOI and the states 1374.0 1J IBRD loan 200.0 IDA credit 100.0 Total 1674.0 The proposed IBRD loan/IDA credit of US43U0 X would finance about 49% of the project's foreign exchange cost of US4613 M or about lb% of the total project cost, net of taxes and duties. The four states would finance the contribu- tion of USb1374 M from their development budgets. Also, the states' finan- cial positions would be enhanced to the extent that suppliers credits are made available for the large electro-mechanical equipment of the RBPH. !l The IDA credit would be made to GOI on standard terms. The IBRD loan would be for 20 years, including five years of grace, at the prevailing interest rate. 5.Ub GOI would make the proceeds of the loan/crecit available to each state in proportion to its contribution to project costs as part of Central assistance to state development projects on terms and conditions applicable at the time. For Rajasthan and Maharashtra, financing their contributions to the SSP should not pose difficulties due to their relatively low financing shares as proportions both of total project costs, and of their overall investment programs in irrigation and power. For both Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, however, Narmada Basin investment would absorb considerable financ- ing resources and could place strains on their irrigation and power budgets. 5.09 Prospective investment programs in irrigation and, for Madhya Pradesh in power, for the Seventh Plan period (l185/b6-1989I90) have been analyzed to ensure that Narmada investments can be accommodated without undue displace- ment of investments in other sectors or critical operation and maintenance expenditures in each state. Total contributions from Gujarat to the SSP and the upcoming Narmada Sagar Project in MP are expected to absorb about 65% of Gujarat's irrigation budget over the Seventh Plan period. For Madhya Pradesh, wvhich will finance these investments from its irrigation and power budgets, the total comittments to ongoing projects and planned outlays to SSP and the Narmada Sagar dam and reservoir complex is expected to be about 80X of such budgets. 5.10 Since each state, under the Seventh Plan, has stated its intention of according the highest priority to Narmada investments and have indicated that new investments outside the harmada basin would be lim-.-ed during this period, Narmada investments are expected to be supportable under each state's Plan. Moreover, since 1larmada investments are interstate projects of con- siderable national importance, GOI has indicated that it would, if necessary, ii Including suppliers credits of up to USi135 M or an estimated 85Z of the foreign exchange cost (see the Project Cost Summary, para 5.01). -33- be prepared to adopt special measures to ensure that sufficient funds are available to COG and GOMP to ensure timely completion of the investments. Assurances have been obtained that GOI would provide all funds necessary promptly, as and when needed, to complete the project. 5.11 In view of the above, GOI would be the borrower and an agreement has been reached with GOI that it would make the proceeds of the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit available to GOG, GOU's &nd GOM in accordance with its standard arrangenents for development assistance to states and the cost sharing provi- sions of the NWDT decision 11, an aggregate amount equivalent to US*299.8 M. 2. 5.12 Agreements have been reached with GOI that i would: (a) cause GOG, GO1P, and GOh to implement the project in accordance with their respective obligations including provision of the required funds, facilities, services and other resources; and (b) cause GOR to perform its obligations regarding implementation of the project as provided for in the NWDT decision. In addition, agreements have been reached with GOMP and GOM that they would assist the GOG in implementing the project including the provision of funds, facilities, services and other resources as needed and in accordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision. 5.13 Because of the close physical, social and economic inter-relationships and synchronized implementation schedule between this project and the "Water Delivery and Drainage Project." (SAR No. 5102-IN) and the dependency of the proposed IBRD loan and IDA credit, one upon the other, in achieving the purposes of both projects under the Narmada River Development - Gujarat, agreements have been reached with GOI that the effectiveness of: (a) the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project would be dependent upon the concurrent effectiveness of the IDA credit for Water Delivery and Drainage Project; and (b) the IDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Jroject would be depen- dent upon the effectiveness of the IBRD loan agreement for the same project. f The parts of the credit/loan allocated to partially cover the cost of the power component would be distributed at 57% for Mp, 16% for Gujarat, and 27% for Maharashtra. 2.1 The amount of USY299.8 M shown results from a reduction of the total IBRD loan and IDA credit by an amount of US420U,0U0 which is the estimated amount required by GOI for employing over a 10-year period, a senior social scientist for the purpose of assisting NCA in the overall monitor- ing and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation program. -34- Procurement 5.14 The work contracts under the project would cost approximately US$503 X, excluding price and physical contingencies. Five of the contracts would cost approximately US4498 h (or 99X of the total) and would be let through international competitive bidding (ICB). Four other work contracts, (approximately US*4 h in total) have been scheduled; however, because of their small size, they would not be of interest to foreign bidders and would be let through local competitive bidding (LCB). Procurement schedules, figures 5 and 6, give detailed projections on how ax.d when the nine scheduled works would be put to bid, started, and completed, and are summarized in the table below: Procurement Method Total Project Element ICB LCB Other Cost -(USA M)-- 1. Works Main dam 425.00 425.00 Instruments, furnish & l.UO 1.00 install in dam Irrigation, by-pass tunnel 10.00 10.00 Pumps, furnish & install .06 .06 Elevators, fabricate & install .20 .20 Gates, other than crest 10.UD 10.UO Crest gates ' 12.00 12.00 Penstocks - 1.70 1.70 Riverbed powerhouse, tunnelling - 41.50 41.50 Hydrometeorological network 1.50 1.50 Sub-total 498.50 4.46 502.96 2. Goods Instruments, hydro- meteorological network 15.45 15.45 Steel for penstocks 3.90 3.90 Sub-total 19.35 19.35 3. Training & Technical Assistance 3.43 3.43 Total 517.85 4.46 3.43 525.74 Total in percent 98 1 1 100 w Fabricate and deliver to the site (see figure 5). Underground civil works. 5.15 Work contracts in excess of US*6 M would be let in accordance with Bank-approved ICB procedures. The five works that fall in this category are: (a) construction of main dam, estimated cost US4425 h; -35- (b) fabrication and delivery of all gates except radial crest gates, estimated cost US*10 M; (c) fabrication and delivery of radial crest gates, estimated cost US412 K; (d) construction of the irrigation by-pass tunnels, estimated cost USS1O M; and (e) civil works for underground RBPR, estimated cost US%41.5 M. The above five works would include prequalification of contractors. Indian contractors would be given a 7.5% preference in comparing bids awarded under ICB procedures. 5.16 The remaining works contracts to be disbursed against under the project are the minor contracts for implementing the hydrometeorological network which would include installation of the required equipment. These minor works would be scattered over the entire Narmada River basin. Individual contracts would not exceed US4100,000, and the total of all con- tracts would cost less than US41.5 M. These works would not be of interest to foreign firms and would be carried out under LCB procedures acceptable to the Bank. All works contracts in excess of USA1 1i would be subject to full pre-action review by the Bank. All other works contracts would be subject to the Bank's post-action review. 5.17 Project procurement is well in hand. Procurement action has been initiated on two of the major contracts representing about 94% of the works contracts included in the project for which designs essentially have been completed. Prequalification has been completed on the main dam. Bids for the main dam were invited from prequalified firms in December 1984 and are scheduled to be opened in March 1985. Prequalification information was received from firms willing to bid on constructing the underground RBPH in December 1983. Bids for constructing the RBPIi are expected to be solicited in February 1985 and would be due in May 1985 (see also para 4.30). 5.18 One contract for the supply of steel would cost approximately US$3.9 M, excluding price contingencies. That contract would be to procure the special steel for the RBPiL penstocks and would be procured through ICB procedures. An estimated U5S15.5 M, excluding price contingencies, worth of instruments required for the hydrometeorological network would also be procured through ICB procedures. The normal 15% preference or applicable import duties, whichever is lower, would be allowea local suppliers in bid evaluations on all ICB. Goods packages under USMlO0,000 would be awarded through LCB procedures with the exception of the miscellaneous equipment including audio-visual and other special goods which would be provided under the training program. Local shopping, requiring a minimum of three quota- tions, would be utilized to procure the training equipment estimated to cost less than USA30,U0O in total. All goods procurements in excess of US$100,000 would be subject to full pre-action review by the Bank. All other procure- ments would be subject to the Bank's post-action review. Disbursements 5.19 Disbursements would be made only against the expenses that are incurred on the main dam, the hydrometeorological network, the civil works -36- contracts for tunnelling and concreting in the RBPH, irrigation by-pass tunnel, and training and technical assistance. The main dam component would cost approximately US4739 M, the hydrometeorological network component approximately USb21 M, and the civil works in the RBPH approximately USS117 N, the irrigation by-pass tunnel US417 M and training and technical assistance US$3.4 M, for a total of US*897 H. About US547 M would be for engineering and administration, and US437 N for taxes and duties, leaving about US4813 H eligible for disbursements. Disbursements for the hydromet component would be made for lUO% of foreign expenditures for directly imported goods; 100% of the ex-factory price or 70% of expenditures for equipment procured locally and 70% of expenditures for civil works; and luOZ of training expenditures and technical assistance. Civil works for all other components would be disbursed at 45% in FY 1985-90 and at 15% from FY 1990 thrcugh EY 1995. No disbursements will be made for works constructed by government forces. Disbursements for payments of less than Rs 300,000 (US$27,300) for works, or Rs 150,000 (US$13,600) for goods, and for the training would be made against certificates of expenditures. Documentation for these expenditures would be retained by GOG and made available for inspection by the Bank. Full documentation would be required for all other disbursements. The estimated schedule of expenditures is given in table 17 by project component. It is expected that disbursements would be completed by June 1994, however, in order to match disbursements with the project' s financial requirements, disbursements would be accelerated during the first five years with the goal of disbursing up to BO% of the funds by the end of FY 1990. The estimated schedule of disbursements is given in table 20. No disbursement profiles were applicable for projects of this duration in which 80% of the funds would be disbursed in the first five years. The proposed allocation of proceeds of the loan/credit is presented in table 21. Certifi- cates of expenditures would be audited annually, and the audited statements would be submitted to the Bank once a year along with the audited accounts. Project Accounts and Audits 5.20 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GUMP and GON that they would, with respect to those parts of the project which are to be carried out by each state, maintain separate records and accounts for project expenditures; ensure that such project accounts are audited annually and that copies of such accounts, certified as to their accuracy by an independent auditor acceptable to the Bank, are submitted to the Bank not later than nine months after the end of each fiscal year; have final audits prepared for project accounts for each fiscal year by an auditor acceptable to the Bank and for- ward such audit reports to the Bank immediately after their finalization; and make complete accounts and financial statements available for inspection during Bank review missions. -37- VI. QRGANIZATIOh AI4D MANAGEMENT / General 6.01 The Narmada Development Department (NDD) of GOG has primary respon- sibility for planning, design, implementation, and operation and maintenance of the SSP. However, because of the interstate nature of the project, a number of coordinating institutions have been established in accordance with the rulings of the NWDT. Also, several GOI organizations have played an active role in assisting project planning and design, usually on a consultancy basis. The Central Water Commission is responsible for reviewing GOG designs for compliance with Indian standards and CEA exercises approval authority over planning and engineering aspects of hydroelectric projects. The organization and management aspects discussed below relate principally to the dam and hydropower components of SSi'. 6.02 Power Sector Institutions. Under the Indian Constitution, the respon- sibility for supplying power is shared between the central government and the state governments, and full agreement between the center and the states is required for the implementation of most actions. Various agencies have been established with a view to promoting integrated power development in the country. The principal agencies in the sector are: the State Electricity Boards (SEBs), the Regional Electricity Boards (REBs), the CEA, the two central power corporations--the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) and the National Hydro-Electric Power Corporation (NHEPC)-and the Rural Electrification Corporation (REC). Interstate Agencies 6.03 Narmada Control Authority (NCA). This authority was established to ensure compliance with the decisions of the IiWDT. It consists of seven high ranking engineers as members and a supporting staff. The four party states each appoint one member, and GOI appoints, in consultation with the states, the remaining three, one of whom serves as chairman. The INCA would participate with GOG, GOIP and GOh in the implementation and, thereafter, play a ke> role in the operation of the hydrometeorological network for flood warning and day-to-day operation of the Sardar Sarovar Dam ana Reservoir and, through GOT, in the monitoring and evaluating the resettlement and rehabilitation of reservoir oustees. It would also play a key part in coordinating seasonal and monthly (10-day) water allocations between SSP and other major irrigation and power projects in the basin. The NCA is modeled after the Bakhra l'anagement Board, which has been successful in guiding the irrigation and pcwer operations of the Indus Basin in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, ana Rajasthan. 6.04 Sardar Sarovar Construction Advisory Committee (CAC). This committee was formed by the NWDT to review and make recommendations concerning the plan- ning, design, and construction of the dam and power complex. It is chaired by Portions of this chapter are identical to comparable paragraphs of SAR, No. 5108-IN, chapter VII. -38- the Secretary of Irrigation, GOI, and has, among others, the Chairmen of CWC and CEA and senior representatives of the states as members. It is actively involved in reviewing and making recommendations concerning designs, cost estimates, contracts and implementation progress. 6.05 Narmada Review Committee (NRC). This committee was formed by NWDT and is chaired by the Union Minister of Irrigation and includes the concerned Chief Ministers of each state as members. It has the right to review and suspend any decisions by the NCA. 6.06 An agreement has been reached with GOI, GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would maintain the NCA, CAC and *RC each with the functions, responsibilities, staffing funds and membership as may be required to carry out their respective duties. Guiarat State Agencies 6.07 Irri2ation. The GOG irrigation organization has recently been sub- divided into two majoI anits to meet the special requirements of implementing the SSP. There is now: (a) a harmada Development Department (NDD) headed by an Additional Chief Secretary which is responsible for implementation of the entire SSP; and (b) an Irrigation Department (ID) headed by a Secretary with responsibility for all irrigation development and the O&M of all public irrigation systems outside the SSF. Each of the two departments would maintain similar staff positions and respon- sibilities and would require a similar pool of technical and professional talent. 6.08 Narmada Development DeDartment. The NDD would be the main implementing body for the SSP. In order to meet the challenge of this large and technically complex project, the NDD would have to be strengthened and provided with the necessary authorities. It would have to improve the management skills of its senior staff and to make greater use of private sector consultancies. Organiza- tional pyramids of staff are provided under chief engineers who presently report directly to the Additional Chief Secretary. In the SSP four chief engineers have been assigned planning, design, and construction responsibilities covering the following elements of the project: main dam complex except hydropower components; hydropower components; main canal; and, branch canals, distribution and drainage networks Another chief engineer level position with functional responsibility for quality control is anticipated. Existing staff strength in the NDD acd in the ID are shown in the following table: -39- Existint Strenath of Irri2ation Engineerin2 Staff Enzineerinx Position NDD ID NDD + ID (no.) (no.) (no.) Chief 3 a/ 7 10 Superintending and officers on special duty 18 39 57 Executive 73 b/ 219 292 Deputy Executive 307 1109 1416 Assistant and additional assistants 969 4772 5741 Total 1370 6146 7516 aJ As of August 1983 - thereafter one additional chief engineer, hydropower, was appointed under NDD. )J The NDD has a total of 42 divisions each headed by an executive engineer under each of which there are usually five subdivisions now totalling 210. 6.09 It is anticipated that significant changes in organizational units and staffing of the NDD would be made over the entire SSP implementation period consistent with the buildup of activities under the respective chief engineers, including the formation and expansion of new units such as those required for centralized procurement, information management systems, resettlement and rehabilitation implementation and its evaluation and monitoring, layout and design of command area development blocks and operation and maintenance. GOG's estimate of technical/engineering staff anticipates a need for SSP implementa- tion of a peak requirement of about 230 senior level and 6400 junior level engineers in about 1989. It is believed that external recruitment needs can be filled, for the most part, from anticipated graduates of state engineering institutions and supplemented, if necessary, through external recruitment. Implementation would be supported by appointment of command area development personnel, including senior and junior level agricultural officers for which it is estimated that about 1,80U would be required in the late 1990s. Comprehen- sive training will be required in connection with NDD recruitment and technical needs to be fulfilled partially by training provisions outlined in paras 6.14-6.15 and training of Gujarat's engineers provided through experience gained in the design and implementation of the Gujarat Medium Irrigation II Project (Cr. 1496-IN). 6.10 Narmada Righ Power Committee (NHPC). This committee is responsible for coordination and timely interaction between various GOG departments. Its most important role, so far, has been to provide guidance on policy issues related to the development. The IHBPC is chaired by the Chief Minister and includes the Ministers of Finance, Irrigation, Power, and Agriculture among its members. 6.11 Narmada Planning Group (NPG). The group (para 2.03) reports directly to the NHPC and is responsible for the major planning studies and for continuous coordination of the activities of the implementing agencies. It is chaired by the Irrigation Minister. The NPG has extensively and successfully used local consulting firms for planning studies. The group continues to follow a work plan of studies and investigations that have been discussed with the Bank. A priority listing of work plan items as they relate to the dam and power project is presented in table 22. -40- 6.12 An agreement has been reached with GOG that it would maintain the fol- lowing agencies with the powers, functions, responsibilities, membership, staff- ing, organization and funds required to enable them to adequately undertake their responsibilities: (a) the I1HPC for the coordination and timely interaction among the various departments and agencies of the GOG responsible for carrying out the project; and (b) the 1PG for carrying out planning studies of the Narmada River Develop- ment program including those required to develop a plan for the opera- tion and maintenance of the hydroeletctric power and water delivery and drainage facilities under the SSP. 6.13 Other Guiarat A2encies. Because of the magnitude of the project and its statewide importance, a number of other GOG departmental agencies have been, and would continue to be, involved in planning and implementing the project. These include departments of Finance, Agriculture, Forestry, Public Works, Transportation, and Communications, the Water Supply and Sewerage Board, and the State Electricity Board. Training 6.14 It would be required that GOG, GOMP, GOM, and GOI (in support of inter- state programs as needed) establish training programs, subject to Bank approval, for the following dam and power project activities: (a) environmental studies and mitigative measures; (b) project operation and maintenance; and (c) rehabilitation and resettlement. The above training initiatives would be sup- ported by an allocation of USS700,bUO within the proposed IDA credit and IERD loan over the 10-year period until closing in accordance with estimated dis- tribution of costs given in table 13. The project training allocation would finance costs of expatriate fees, travel and instruction in India, travel and expenses of project technical and administrative staff abroad, acquisition of up-to-date training equipment such as audiovisual or other special equipment required to accomplish specific training tasks; and, to initiate O&M training with respect to the dam, reservoir, and power components. The training program, when aproved would include, but not be limited to, principal elements as described below: (a) Environment. Training in environmental science j/ would be required under the following headings: (i) Refresher courses for experienced specialists responsible for project implementation; (ii) Special environmental and related social impact training for younger starf; and jj Environmental training for the dam and power project would be coordinated with similar training funded under the Water Delivery and Drainage Project (SAR, No. 5108-IN). -41- (iii) Seminars to share intra and interstate and international experiences about environmental and related social effects of large reservoir and irrigation projects. (b) Operations & Maintenance training. O&H training, instruction, and courses would be required (principally of GOG staff and, to the extent needed, of GOI, GOMP, and GOM staff) preparatory to operation and main- tenance of dam and power complex facilities and the proposed hydrometeorological (flood warning) system. Training would be coor- dinated with the plans, schedules, and budgets to be developed by the NPG including the proposed O&M training facility for the Water Delivery and Drainage Project (SAR, No. 5108-IN, para 7.14). All training under this component would be completed pricr to and in accordance with implementation of the dam and power complex construction (figures 2 and 4). The principal purposes would be: (i) staff orientation and training for initial O&M assignments includ- ing start-up; (ii) instruction in operations of all facilities, techniques of mainten- ance, administrative and fiscal matters, and personnel management; (iii) power marketing and dispatching; and (iv) operation and maintenance of large rotating electromechanical equipment, related accessory equipment, transmission facilities, and of the dam, including large radial gates, high pressure gates and valves of outlet facilities, control equipment, and other mechanical equipment. (c) Rehabilitation and Resettlement Training. The re;.abilitation and reset- tlement institutions responsible for monitoring and evaluation described in Schedule B for each of the respective states would, by allowing for its use by the responsible state agencies, by the end of March 1985, develop suitable training programs designed to better familiarize project staff with the compulsory relocation problems of oustee com- munities and the related implications upon the implementation of the resettlement and rehabilitation plan. 6.15 Agre"nent has been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would, in collaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for its approval: (a) by December 31, 1985, a suitable training program of resettlement and rehabilitation of the oustees for the responsible staff of GOG, GOMP and GOM including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds; and (b) by June 30, I9b9, a suitable training program of operation and main- tenance of the facilities under the SSP including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds; and Thereafter, the participating states should implement the above training programs as approved. Provision of training in the environmental sciences is taken in to account in the agreement with GOG, GOMP and GOM to prepare and furnish an environmental work plan to the Bank for approval by December 31, 1985 (see para 4.41). -42- Technical Assistance 6,16 Due to the unusual magnitude, complexity and high level of technical standards required for the project, it is essential that the project staff be able to utilize foreign and local technical experts and consultants during implementation. Technical assistance would be provided for the: (a) overall project design, construction and quality control including computer based data and management and information systems; (b) design and construction of the underground RBPB including controlled blasting and installation of rock support systems; (c) operation and maintenance of dams, spillvays and related equipment, hydroelectric power plants and power supply systems; (d) carrying out of the establishment, operation and maintenauce of the Narmada Basin's hydrometeorological network including the required civil works; (e) monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the reservoir oustees; and (f) establishing and maintaining the Dam Safety Panel. The technical assistance requirements for (a) through (f) above would be sup- ported by an allocation of US$2,700,000 within the proposed IDA credit and IBRD loan over the 10-year implementation period in accordance with estimated dis- tribution of costs given in table 1B. The technical assistance allocation would finance the DSP meetings and the hiring of individual experts including the cost of foreign and local expert fees, travel and related expenses outside and/or within India in the accomplishment of their assigned duties. Local consultants would be used vhen and as available. 6.17 It is estimated that the required level of technical assistance would include about 312 man months of assistance costing, with inflation over the implementation period, an average of US$8,600 per man month. It would be essen- tial to establish and maintain the DSP for review-ng the project features and making related technical recommendations and to constitute a list of consultauts whose talents could be tapped by NDD, on an as needed basis, to examine and make recommendations to NDD concerning technical solutions to issues that might arise. Such requirements, and the agreements reached in this regard, are fur- ther described in para 4.22. Further, agreements have been reached with GOG that it would employ consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience and terms and conditions of employment shall be satisfactory to the Bank, to be selected in accordance with the Bank's August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants 1/ f.-r carrying out: 1J "Guidelines for the Use of Consultants by World Bank Borrowers and by the World Bank as Executing Agency, August 1981." -43- (a) within its state boundaries, the overall project design, construction and quality control including computer based data management and infor- mation systems, the design and construction of underground works includ- ing controlled blasting and installation of rock support systems, and the operation and maintenance of the dams, spillways and related equip- ment and hydropower plants and power supply systems; and (b) in coordination with GOiP and GUM, the establishment, operation and maintenance of a hydrometeorological network for flood warning and the day-to-day operation of the SSP. Agreement also has been reached with GOM and GOMP thbt they would employ, in coordination one with another and with GOG, for implementation of the hydrometeorological network within their respective state boundaries, consult- ants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience and terms and conditions vould be satisfactory to the Bank and would be selected in accordance with principles and procedures of the Bank's August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants. j/ Also, it has been agreed with GOI that it would by September 30, 1985, employ or cause to be employed and thereafter assign to NCA a social scientist with qualifications, experience and terms and conditions of employment satisfactory to the Bank and in accordance with its August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants. jj This would allow NCA to carry out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation plan thereby providing a coordinated plan each year that would be adjusted for and responsive to the previous year's experiences and to assist the GOI in its obligations to furnish the Bank semi-annual and annual reports regarding the settlement and rehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar Reservoir oustees. A senior social scien- tist working full time over a projected ten-year period or, a total of 120 man-months at an estimated rate (including inflatiou) of Rs 1b,300 (US41,b70) per man month is the basis for the allocation of USS200,000 which has been made under the proposed IDA credit for this purpose within the total allocation for technical assistance for the project of USS2,700,000. Centralized Procurement Unit (CPU) 6.18 To perform the procurement tasks necessary for implementation, the NDD has taken steps to centralize the procurement responsibilities in one organiza- tional unit that would be responsible for the procurement of all goods, works, and services for the entire scheme and would report directly to the Additional Chief Secretary of NDD. The National Thermal Power Corporation's procurement organization has been selected as a model. 'the organization would maintain the financial, commercial, legal, and engineering talents needed to manage procure- ment activities and would, in coordination with the engineering units of the project, determine the source, arrive at a price, and prepare the contracts for all works, goods, and services. Therefore, agreement has been reached with GOG that it would maintain within the NDD a CPU, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing, organization and funds as would be required to undertake the procurement of all goods and services required for the implementation of the SSP. iJ 'Guidelines for the Use cf Consultants by World Bank Borrowers and by the World Bank as Executing Agency, August 1981.:' -44- Evaluation and Monitorinf 6.19 In order to adequately provide monitoring control and evaluation capabilities to manage the SSP, the NDD has taken steps to establish a Manage- ment Information Systems Cell (MISC) with adequate computer facilities. The MISC would produce data to control, plan, monitor, and forecast financial, material, and staff requirements for implementation. The MISC would be respon- sible for preparation of progress reports. It would subsequently monitor agricultural progress following initiation of project 06M. There is no Indian model to use as a guide in establishing the MISC. GOG is therefore using con- sultants to define the organization and to specify equipment and staff. Tata Consultancy Services, Bombay has been commissioned to design and implement the MISC and work began in October 1983. An agreement has been reached with GOG that it would establish, not later than December 31, 1lb5, and thereafter main- tain within the NDD, a MISC to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and provide it with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing, organization and funds as would be required for monitoring, control and evalua- tion of the various activities under the SSY. Reportium 6.20 Agreement has been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would fur- nish to the Bank semi-annual and annual progress reports within three months after the end of each reporting period, of such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank regarding implementation of the parts of the project for which each state is responsible within its respective boundaries (including power transmission intertie lines, hydrometeorological network, resettlement and rehabilitation program and overall project monitoring and evaluation). Progress reports would among other aspects: compare planned and actual accomplishment in physical and financial terms; describe deviations from plans and explanations therefore; and provide implementation schedules and updates as required. Agreements also have been reached that GOG, GOMP and GOM would furnish to the Bank within six months after project completion, a report of such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank regRrding project components for which each state is responsible within its respective boundaries regarding execution and initial operations, and costs, expenditures and benefits to be derived. Project Operation and Maintenance 6.21 The NDD would become the operation and maintenance (OM) organization responsible for operation and maintenance of the SSY. lhus, it would be neces- sary for the kDD to shift its emphasis from construction to operation and main- tenance in step with the completion of the project works. The mechanism for this change overtime and the operation and maintenance organization to follow would need to be defined, agreed and put into service in a timely manner. The SSP's conveyance, distribution and drainage systems design principles and con- cepts, multipurpose water allocation criteria, services to farmers, operation concepts, the OEM organization formulation including scope and responsibilities, and O&KM facilities requirements are discussed in detail in SAR 50b-IN, Water Delivery and Drainage Project. The overall structure of SSP's 0&M organization is proposed in figure 7. The full organization with requisite responsibilities and staff is not yet fixed inasmuch as it is likely that its administrative and organizational requirements would change over time prior to the establishment of a permanent OLM organization. The magnitude of the undertakings and -45- capabilities required of the sinal 0&H organization would need to be as thorough in scope and details as the organization and staff arrangements required to carry out the project's planning, design and implementation stages. 6.22 The kDD has assigned responsibility for O0M planning to the hPG. Thereby, initially, the NPG would analyze and prepare plans and define require- ments of the 061 facility for the proposed dam and power complex. It would then review and define requirements for the detailed organization, facilities, equip- ment, and staffing needs for operating at the initial and full development stages of the SSP and to recommend permanent operation and maintenance arrange- ments in accordance with the agreements of para 6.25. It would prepare detailed manuals to guide the operation of specific structures, facilities and Oh equip- ment and would define functional and staff responsibilities, including the proposed integration and interfacing of the power and of the irrigation and M&I water supply units of the NDD. Staff initially assigned to the O& planning unit within NPG would ideally form the nucleus of ,-he SSP's Ohh organization at full development. A detailed 0&61 plan for the SCs would include the identifica- tion of an agency or unit for the operation and maintenance of SSP's power facilities and specification of arrangements required in the sharing of power between the governments of Gujarat, he and Naharashtra. The plan would also identify administrative, organizational and staff responsibilities for O&M of the Water Delivery and Drainage Project for the carrying out of SSl's multipur- pose water supply functions (SAR 5018-IN). 6.23 A likely O&M organizational structure and the division of its respon- sibilities is discussed herein pending GOG's submittal to the Bank, for its approval by December 31, 1587, a detailed plan of 064 for the SSP, inc.uding designating an agency for the operation and maintenance of the project's power component as provided under para 6.25. Gujarat would be responsible for the operation and maintenance of the Sardar Sarovar dam and power complex on behalf of the three party states. It also would have the responsibility of the opera- tion and maintenance of the water delivery and drainage tacilities. Together those facilities comprise the SSP. The State would decide how and under what schedule to best utilize its share of the Narmada's yield in accordance with the NWDT decision and with guidance of the NCA concerning water allocations and flood emergencies. Gujarat's operating schedule would impact directly on reser- voir and power operations, particularly at the CHPH, wherein maximum use would be made of water supply deliveries to Gujarat and Rajasthan in the production of bydropower. Hovever, NWDT required that the responsibility for O0K of the power facilities would rest with the GOG or its designated agency. The final decision on whether or not the O&M of the power component would be undertaken by NDD or through another appropriate agency has not been made, however, such choice would not alter the internal structure or functioning of NVD. The central unit of the hDD, the designated Project Office, would have direct responsibility, on behalf of the States, for BSS's OM. It would be in direct contact with the hCA on a periodic basis and would represent the State and receive guidance on operating the SSP's diversion and storage facilities. As such, NCA has the responsibility for basin-wide water inventories, runoff projections and allocation of the river's yield and operation of the hydrometeorological network. NC& would, therefore, provide coordination and guidance to HP and Gujarat in the operation of its upstream projects during the monsoon runoff and in times of emergency and provide coordination and advice concerning interstate flows during the remainder of the year. The Project Office would be responsible for developing the water and power operating schedules of the Sardar Sarovar reservoir, power plants and main canal and -46- oversee their execution. Four administrative regions with divisions and other subunits would be responsible for the O&M for irrigation and domestic, municipal and industrial water supply facilities and are described under SAR lO8-IN, the Water Delivery and Drainage Project report. 6.24 The power division of the NDD or its designated agency reporting directly to the Project Office, would be responsible for O&M of the RBPH and CHU1, and the joint switchyard, transformers, accessory mechanical-electrical equipment and transmission facilities within Gujarat. The power division would maintain a system of independent accounting and receive direct supervision of its activities from the Project Office. Thus, the actual agency chosen for performing the power operations, whether established within the NDD or chosen from elsewhere, would need to adhere to established and agreed operating rules, conditions and agreed reporting arrangements of the NDD/GOG. A Dams and Reser- voir Unit would be established for O&M of the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir, Garudeshwar Weir, Vadgam Saddle Dam, the irrigation by-pass tunnels.and the four smaller dams and reservoirs at the head of the main canal. This unit would be a part of the Main Canal and Dams Division that would report directly to the Project Office in parallel with the Power Division. As structured, the primary water operations at the reservoir would be carried out by the hain Canal and Dams Division and the power operation at the reservoir would be carried out by the Power Division, under direct supervision and detailed operating schedules of the Project Office. 6.25 In view of the need to establish and maintain the organizational entities and arrangements discussed in paras b.21 through 6.24, agreement has been reached with GOG that it would, by December 31, 1987, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, an operation Rnd maintenance plan, including the provision of funds, staff and other resources, for the dams, powerhouses, canals and related structures and equipment under the project, and thereafter, adopt and implement the approved plan. Agreements have been reachea with GUG that it would maintain the the NZD, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, with the powers, functions, responsibilities, organization, staffing and funds as needed to enable it to carry out its responsibilities for the overall implemen- tation of the SSI including: (a) the operation and maintenance ot the irrigation and municipal, industrial and domestic water delivery and drainage facilities; (b) the operation and maintenance of Saraar Sarovar dam and spillway, Garudeshwar weir, Vadgam Saddle dam, the irrigation by-pass tunnels and the system of dams and reservoirs and interlinking channels and related facilities located between the CEPh and the Narmada main canal head-regulator; (c) the supply and distribution of irrigation and municipal, industrial and domestic water resulting from the SSP; and (d) through an appropriate agency, to be established by December 31, 1988. operate and maintain the hydroelectric power component of the SSP, and, in accordance with the NWDT decision, supply hydroelectric power to GOG, GOhP and GOM resulting from the implementation of such component. In addition, agreement as been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would require the project's facilities, to be efficiently maintained and the vehicles -47- and equipment to be efficiently operated and maintained and all necessary repairs and renewals made, in accordance with sound engineering and financial practices. Ownership and Financial Arrangements Relating to the Power Facilities 6.26 According to the NWDT decision, the net power and energy generated at the RBPE and CUPH would be shared as follows: 57% to MP, 27% to haharashtra, and 16Z to Gujarat. The entitlement of power and energy for any one day can be utilized fully or partly by the states, or sold to one another by mutual agree- ment. The power assets to be created under the project would be owned by the participating states in those proportions. Capital and annual O&K costs of the power facilities to be constructed under the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project, would be shared in the same ratio as the above power benefits. 6.27 Under the project, and in accordance with the NWDT, transmission lines are to be constructed by GOG to the borders of -JP and Maharashtra. Tbereafter, by December 31, 1991, these state governments will, each within its territory, construct necessary facilities to connect these lines to the Western Region power grid. 6.28 GOG, through an agency to be designated by it, is to operate and main- tain all power facilities (generation and transmission) within Gujarat, while each participating state would operate and maintain their respective transmis- sion facilities. While the ownership of the power facilities to De constructed under the project would be vested with each participating state, it has not yet been decided who would purchase the power produced under the project on behalf of each state for re-sale to consumers. The purchasing agencies could be the respective SEBs or other operating electric utility organizations. Such agen- cies could be independent authorities, corporations or other electric supply utilities. The precise form of these organizations would be firmed up at the time that the project O&M organization is to be established (paras 6.21 and 6.25). 6.29 In order to ensure that the power to be produced under the project would be priced economically, agreement has also been reached with the three par- ticipating States that they would, by a date not later than six months before the commissioning of tne first turbine-generator unit under either the RBPH or the CEPH, enter into contracts, satisfactory to the Bank, with appropriate electric utility organizations for the bulk supply and sale of electricity generated under the project including bulk supply contracts with each state containing provisions for pricing power at levels which would recover all investment costs and full O&M costs and would produce a satisfactory internal rate of return to project investments over the life of the assets. The internal rate of return would reflect an acceptable real rate of return to capital and, in addition, an estimate of expected future inflation. In this manner, real recovery of assets by the participating states would be assured. The precise levels of tariffs to be charged under the bulk supply contrpzts would be nego- tiated six months before commissioning of the power facilities and would be subject to review every three years tbereafter. -48- VII. BENEFITS. RISK. AND JUSTIFICATION J/ General 7.01 The project to be financed under the proposed credit would be an integral part of the larger SSP in Gujarat. The SSP serves three functions: irrigation, M&I water supply, and power generation. The assessment of benefits, costs, and risk covers the SSP in its entirety, ZJ since all func- tions are interdependent through the common resource, the Narmada River, and tbrough their joint reliance on the Sardar Sarovar Reservoir. Agricultural Benefits 7.02 Beneficiaries. The rural population of the SSP command area is estimated at about 4.5 M (in 1981). Projections of population growth suggest a rural population of 8.3 M in the year 2021, and an urban population growing from some 3.9 M (including Abmedabad city) to 9.9 X in the same period. About 78% of the rural working population are engaged in agricultural activities, to about equal parts as either cultivators (U.bO M) or agricul- tural laborers (0.59 M). The number of households is estimated at about 340,000, of which some 45% are cultivator households and 36% are agricultural laborer households. Some 96% of the holdings are fully owned by the cul- tivators. Population growth will necessarily increase the number of households and of holdings, thereby diminishing the average farm size. The proportion of landless laborers in the rural population will increase con- siderably. Average annual per capita expenditure for rural households was estimated in a sample survey in 1982 as Rs 1,280 a year S/. Cultivator households spent on average Rs 1,450 per capita a year; whereas, agricultural laborer households spent only Rs 985. The official rural poverty line in 1982 was Rs 1,030 per capita. Some 28% of the cultivator households in the survey fell below this line in terms of expenditures, as against 64% of the agricultural laborer households. 7.03 Incremental Production. The provision of surface water from the Narmada River and the recycling of induced groundwater recharge within the project area are expected to raise the cropping intensity from 105X at present to around 135-140% in the future. 4/ Most incremental benefits would ;J This chapter is in large parts identical to chapter IX in SAR No. 5108-IN. ZJ This includes dam and reservoir, all power facilities, all irrigation works, commaad area development, public and private groundwater develop- ment, and tentative projections for iajasthan-s cost and benefits from Narmada water. The flood warning system is excluded. J At the then prevailing exchange rate of Rs 9.28/US$1. If two-seasonal crops were counted twice and perennials three times, the cropping intensity with project would be about 175%, and about 140% at present. -49- derive from replacement of rainfed by irrigated crops, accompanied by a corresponding intensification of cultivation. Yield increases over present average levels for irrigated crops would rank in second place as source of incremental benefits. Based on past experience, the cropping intensity would not rise appreciably in the absence of SSP, although some rainfed crops may be replaced by irrigated crops through limited further development of private groundwater. The value of agricultural output (measured in financial prices of 1984) would increase under the SSP by some 370X over a period of 20-25 years; whereas without the project the increase would be less than 30%. Agricultural production in Gujarat State as a wbole would be about 40X higher than it would be without SSP. Virtually all of the incremental cash crop production and the major part of foodcrops can be expected to reach the markets. 7.04 Incremental production of foodgrains in the project area is estimated at about 2.5 M tons (+ 3004.) annually at full development, consisting mainly of wheat, but also of paddy, sorghum, pearl millet, and pulses. lhe project would generate an increase in cash crop production valued at about Rs 8,600 H (+ 260%) a year, mainly through crops such as cotton, oilseeds (groundnut, mustard, and castor), tobacco, vegetables and fruits. With respect to cot- ton, a shift towards higher value medium and long stapLe varieties for which suitable hybrids have been developed, can be expected from introduction of irrigation. Fodder crops would more than double to cater to the increasing demand for draught animal power. Production with and without project for major crops, by volume and by value, is simmarized in table 23. 7.05 Emplovment and Income. More intensive cultivation of the project agricultural area is estimated to provide, by the time of full development, the equivalent of some 0.7 X man-years of full on-farm employment. Most of the incremental employment would benefit landless laborers. Given the population growth in the project area of some 80% over 40 years, the project may not fully absorb the additional workforce in agricultural activities, although secondary employment effects may well help to accommodate the balance in other sectors of the economy. Apart from permanent employment generation in agriculture, the project would provide, on average, some 125,000 seasonal jobs annually during the construction period of the project, extending over some 22 years. Incremental incomes to farmers would vary widely among agro-climatic regions and farm sizes. Estimates of incremental incomes for typical farm sizes in different regions have been made to indi- cate orders of magnitude (see table 24). Income from crop production for an average farm would ri&e on average by some 250% when compared to estimates for the future without project. The sum of all regional incremental incomes from farming (net value added) in the SSP would amount to some Rs 10,400 M per year after 20 years (see table 25), whereas without project it would amount only to some Rs 3,100 M. It is estimated that presently some 40% of the rural population in the project area live on incomes below the poverty line. This percentage is expected to diminish under the SSP, even with the anticipated growth of rural population, although it is difficult to predict to what extent, given the demographic changes and intricate shifts in income distribution. -50- Benefits from M&I Water Supply 7.06 Projections of future water demand and supply for urban centers, villages and industries reveal a substantial deficit of M&I water, due to scarcity and unsuitable quality. The study area for these projections includes towns ara villages within the SSP command, in adjacent areas, and villages in critical areas of Saurashtra peninsula and Kutch, not contiguous to the SSP command. Part of the deficit in urban centers can be met by ongoing and planned water supply schemes. Villages that have some form of local source have been excluded from deficit estimation. The balance of villages would have absolutely no sources to satisfy the growing demand of the future. Consequently, the remainder of the deficit is planned to be provided from Narmada water, either directly through the canals of the SSP or indirectly by pumping from the SSP-induced recharge to groundwater. In simmary, the annual volumes of M&I water to be provided, the number of benefiting urban centers and villages and their respective projected popula- tion are as follows: Urban Rural Total Supply of SSP surface water (Mm ) 1115 /A 195 1310 /b Supply of groundwater from SSP-induced recharge (Mm3) 79 99 178 Number of urban centers/villages 131 4720 - Population projected in year 2021 (M) 18.6 10.8 29.4 /a Including supply to industries and thermal power plants and supply to the city of Abmedabad. /b At canalhead. 7.07 While it is difficult to attach an economic or social value to the M&I water to be supplied, it is possible to evaluate the approximate cost of alternative projects (where feasible) to supply similar amounts of water at urban and rural distribution points and to compare it to additional invest- ments to make SSP water available at these points. The difference in the annualized economic cost per unit of water has been used to estimate benefits from this function of SSP, lacking an indication of the consumers' 'willing- ness-to-pay." M&I water would be made available only gradually over a period of about 40 years, starting with the more straightforward schemes within the command area. Since the cost of alternative water supply schemes in the absence of SSP would rise considerably over time as more difficult and costly schemes would have to be implemented, the economic value of each additional block of B&I water would also increase over time. The ultimate alternative considered for some rusal areas would be supply by tank truck, estimated to cost about Rs 10 per m . The average3annualized cost saving, after 35-40 years, amounts to about Rs 2.50 per m at the distribution point. Kowever, neither the indirect effects of basic water supply and of improved water quality on health, standard of living and labor productivity, nor the addi- tional benefit of using treated effluents directly or indirectly (through -51- recharge of groundwater) for irrigation could be adequately quantified for inclusion in the economic analysis. Benefits from Power Generation 7.08 Riverbed Powerhouse. The RBPR would generate the bulk of power at Sardar Sarovar Dam. Its function would be to make use of substantial regu- lated but undiverted flows of the Narmada River during the period of buildup of consumptive water use both upstream and in Gujarat and Rajasthan (at least 40 years). Due to gradually increasing abstractions, the firm capacity of the RBPH in the conventional mode of operation (initially estimated at some 415 MS or 3,640 GWh a year) would decrease over time to nil. Secondary energy generation (spill energy) would also decrease, but would be available in high-flow years even at full development. Due to its capability of pump- back operation, however, the powerhouse would be able to maintain a firm peak load of at least some 300 MW indefinitely. 7.09 Canalhead Powerhouse. The power generation at the CEPH is dependent on abstractions of Gujarat and Rajasthan from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir, and to a lesser degree, on average elevations of the reservoir surface that would tend to decrease over the time of basin development. Given the capability of reregulating the flow to the main canal in the interlinked ponds between the CMPB and the canalhead regulators, and due to the expected low daily plant factor (15-30%), the CHPH could be operated as a peaking station. At times of spills, additional flows can be routed through the CHkR and back to the river. Average annual generation at the full development stage is estimated at about 800 GWh. 7.10 The two power sources would form part of the least cost capacity expansion sequence in India-s western region grid, even when carrying 100% of the cost of the dam and reservoir (see SDV, annex 9). The benefits from power generation have been assessed by attaching an estimate of the social value of energy to the volume of energy to be produced. An attempt was made to estimate the maximum willingness to pay for power in the industrial and agricultural sectors, which together account for some 75X of energy demand in the western grid. Based on these estimates and on average tariffs paid by consumers in these and other sectors, an estimate of the average financial willingness to pay was calculated and then adjusted to the economic value of energy generated. ij The resulting economic price of energy at teneration is Rs 0.66/kWh, whereas the average financial revenue (at present tariffs) is about Rs 0.47/kWh. All energy (firm and spill energy) has been valued at the economic price. Its derivation is described in detail in SDV, annex 10. Other Project Benefits 7.11 The creation of Sardar Sarovar Reservoir would allow the introduction of fisheries. Estimates of the net benefits from fish production are presently not available and, therefore, not included in the quantitative analysis. This activity and the planned reforestation in the reservoir ij By multiplying with the assumed standard conversion factor (0.80) and the average efficiency of transmission and distribution from generation to consumer (0.82), including auxiliary consumption. -52- catchment and in parts of the command area would help to offset the economic costs from submergence and from changes in the downstream environment. The availability of water in the vicinity of the reservoir and in the command would improve general health conditions of the population. While the reser- voir would not be able to protect downstream areas from the magnitude of flood considered for sizing the spillways, it could be managed to mitigate considerably the more frequent but lesser floods. The proposed flood warning system would contribute towards this goal basinwide. Assumptions for Economic Analysis 1/ ./ 7.12 CroDRinu Patterns. Yields. and Cost of Cultivation. Since the full benefits from irrigation would only accrue after some 20 to 25 years, there is more than usual uncertainty in assessing the cropping pattern at full development. To minimize this uncertainty, studies have been made by NPG to estimate cropping patterns for each of thirteen agroclimatic zones on the basis of presently available information concerning yields, costs, acreage response of farmers to prices, irrigation availability, likely water availability and regional water allocation. However, the studies did not take fully into account the likely increase in private groundwater pumping, which has a bearing on overall water availability and likely cropping pat- tern. Crop yields for a representative number of crops presently grown under irrigation in Gujarat have been projected on the basis of what is alre4y being achieved by progressive farmers under reliable irrigation and what may, according to experts, be achieved on a broader basis by the average farmer 15 to 20 years from now with the type of irrigation service intended under the project and with adequate support services. Yielas and cropping patterns as adopted for the base case in economic analysis are conservative in as much as they do not reflect any major breakthrough in agricultural technology or major shift towards extremely high value crops, such as can be observed already where there is private tubewell irrigation. Therefore, the future value of production may well exceed projections as adopted now, while it is less likely to fall short. The cost of cultivation (input requirements) for the various crops is based on sample surveys in Gujarat, adjusted for crop yield assumptions. Yield and input requirements assumed for the future with SSP are shown in detail in SDV, annex 10. 7.13 Present and Future Without Proiect Situation. Present cropping patterns by agro-climatic regions are based on detailed statistics for the talukas (subdivisions of districts) covered by the SSP command area. Areas served by existing major surface irrigation schemes in those talukas were not counted in estimating the area presently irrigated. At present some 13Z of AJ See SDV, annex 10 for a detailed discussion of assumptions. ]/ The economic analyses summarized in this chapter reflect an exchange rate of US$1.0 to Rs 11.0 while the cost- sDmmarized in chapter VI reflect an updated rate of USS1.0 to is 12.0. This variance is not expected to significantly affect conclusions of the economic analysis presented for the base case (paras 7.28-7.31) or conclusions of the risk analysis discussed in paras 7.32-7.40. -53- the command area is irrigated, mostly by private groundwater. When project- ing the cropping pattern and intensity into the future, no significant chan- ges were assumed, apart from further increases in groundwater development. Accordingly, the irrigation intensity was assumed to increase from some 13% to sone 16% in the future without project over a period of 20 years, while the cropping intensity would remain the same at 105%, as past performance would suggest. 7.14 An analysis of yield trends since 1970 in Gujarat shows an annual increase of about 2.7% a year for all crops. It is not likely that this trend would continue much further, since it was linked to the development of irrigation facilities and to the introduction of high yielding varieties for many of the important crops. Adoption of such varieties appears to have reached a saturation point. It was, therefore, assumed that yields of all crops would increase by 20% over 20 years, and that the corresponding cost of cultivation would increase somewhat faster (25%). Combined with a higher irrigation intensity, average economic net returns per ha would be about 24% higher in the future without the project than at present. Present yields are based on recent crop cutting surveys in the districts covered by the SSP command and on agronomic expertise on the differential between rainfed and irrigated yield levels, where surveys are not available. Cropping patterns, yields, and input requirements under the present situation are shown in SDV, annex 10. 7.15 Agricultural Output and Input Prices. All prices are expressea in constant 1984 rupees. Import or export parity prices were estimated for major tradable crops such as cotton, rice, wheat and groundnut, based on IBRD projections of world market prices for 1995 (expressed in 1984 constant rupees at an exchange rate of Rs 11/US41). For nontraded foodgrains and oilseeds, economic prices were based on real increases in economic prices of tradeable foodgrains and oilseeds over the period 1984 thru 1985. For other non-traded crops, a standard conversion factor of 0.b was used. 7.16 Agricultural wages vary considerably seasonally and regionally, but average about Rs 7.5 a man-day. Studies of farm labor supply and demand in India typically suggest a ratio of economic shadow wage to market wage in the range of 0.50 to 0.70. A farm labor conversion factor of U.67 has been adopted in the economic analysis. Costs of other agricultural inputs, such as compost, bullock labor, agrochemicals, and miscellaneous costs, have been multiplied by the standard conversion factor to arrive at their economic equivalent. All economic and financial prices used are summarized in SDV, annex 10. 7.17 Proiect Costs. The Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project's nine year implementation and annual 0EM costs are presented in chapter 5. Detailed estimates, including the rates of physical contingencies by item of each major project component and other formulations of costs are given on tables 5 through 17. Base cost estimates were provided by GUG and/or their consult- ants and reviewed by the appraisal mission. A differentiated approach was taken to the level of detail in design and estimates required for appraisal. The estimates range from final pre-construction quality for the first and highest priority features such as the dam and initial reaches of the main canal, to full feasibiliLy level for minor works of the first stage develop- ment area, to the best obtainable estimates of features that would not be finally designed or laid out for a decade or more into the future. The -54- differential approach to project design and estimating standards and proce- dures is justified by the following: the exceptionally long (22 year) implementation period; the reduced effect, due to discounting, of possible errors iu estimates of project facilities that would not be implemented or perhaps even designed for a decade or more; and worldwide experience with large and long term public works projects that typically entail numerous physical, financial, or political changes over time that cannot be anticipated initially. The SSP investment costs are given in table 26, showing cost estimates (inclusive of physical contingencies) at financial prices over the 22-year period of implementation from FY 1984/85 through 2005/06. Table 27 shows the estimated recurrent O&Z and energy costs for the Water Delivery and Drainage project. 7.1b Base costs plus physical contingencies, in constant 1984 rupees, for all components of the SSY were taken as the basis for economic investment costs and adjusted by application of appropriate conversion factors to specific materials such &s cement and steel, to skilled and unskilled labor and, in a second step, to subcomponents such as earthwork, lining, other civil works, equipment, etc. Where a special conversion factor could not be derived, the standard conversion factor was used. Conversion factors used are summarized in SDV, annex 10. 7.19 In addition to investment costs contained in table 26, the estimated cost of the entire length of transmission lines into hP and Maharashtra, as well as the estimated cost of subtransmission, urban distribution and rural electrification (150% of transmission co3t) was included in the economic tnalysis. 7.20 Land acquisition in the reservoir area and for infrastructure in the SSP command was costed using the estimated economic value of annual produc- tion foregone, based on projections of agricultural net returns per ha in the future without project. The cost of rehabilitation of oustees is included in the investment cost for the Sardar Sarovar Dam, in as far as this cost does not represent transfer payments. The value of foregone forest production in the reservoir area due to submergence is also included. 7.21 Other costs for the economic analysis include the investment and recurrent cost of private pumping from groundwater, the investment and O&H cost of Rajasthan's use of Narmada water for irrigation, and a share of the cost of Narmada Sagar Dam in MP. The regulated releases from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir could not be fully obtained without additional regulation in upstream reservoirs of the Narmada Basin, particularly at Narmada Sagar. Ideally, costs and benefits of the entire basin development would have to be estimated simultaneously to take account of the interdependence of projects, which is not possible at this stage. Guided by the NWDT's analysis for interstate cost sharing, 20% of the investment cost for Narmada Sagar Reser- voir were allocated to the SSP to account for Narmada Sagar's regulation benefits. The phasing of the SSP's total economic costs of the dam and reservoir, power and irrigation components is shown in figure 8. Buildup of Benefirs Over Time 7.22 Water Use. Abstraction of Narmada water by Gujarat would follow the phasing of areas coming under irrigation. First irrigation releases would be made in year 9 (1992193). It is assumed that each hectare would ultimately -55- be allocated a volume of water consistent with the estimated final water availability from all public sources for irrigation, the projected system efficiency, and the size of command. However, higher allocations resulting in correspondingly higher irrigation intensities would be given initially until the full command is under irrigation. System water use efficiency is projected to increase from a low 34% in the first year of irrigation to a final 48% for surface water over a period of 10 years. ij The gross area irrigated is determined, in any year, by water availability at the field, by the estimated average water demand of irrigated crops, and by the assumed rate at which farmers would actually apply water in relation to the calcu- lated requirement (90%). Agency groundvater abstraction for conjunctive use would be phased in gradually over a period of some twelve years, starting about 4 years after the first irrigation. Water from en route rivers would become available only much later. Some 13,270 Mm would ultilately be avail- able for irrigation from all public sources, oroabout 3,540 m /ha at the plant. 7.23 Some private groundwater development would take place with and without project. In addition, new private groundwater would be developed based on the induced recharge of the aquifer from surface water losses and would thus contribute also to the subsurface drainage requirements. There are several reasons why such new development can be expected to take place, although with some delay: (a) public surface water supply, at full development, would not be ample in relation to irrigable area; (b) public groundwater cannot be developed in all areas; (c) farmers would recognize the benefits from additional flexibility and security of supply, especially im years of low reservoir yields,towards the hot season and in the maintenance of high value perennial crops; and (d) farmers would be able to accumulate savings from the initial stream of incremental income from irrigation and would be in a better position to afford their own wells. 7.24 All private groundwater development Nould ultimately contribute another 3,300 Mm per year, or about 1,750 m /ha. Buildup of water use over time from the different sources is illustrated in figure 9. Water availability for Rajasthan was taken as a proportion of availability for Gujarat. It has been assumed that Rajasthan would start to draw its share as soon as the main canal is completed (year 14 or 1997/98). 7.25 Each block of command area coming under irrigation in a year was assumed to follow a particular path of transition from the respective start- ing situation (as for future without project) to full development in terms of net returns per unit area. The Rotential net returns for each time period IJ Higher efficiencies were assumed for public and private groundwater (60% and 70%, respectively). -56- would increase gradually to a maximum over a period of 12 years after first irrigation, and farmers in each block would approach and ultimately achieve the yearly potential levels according to assumed annual adoption rates over a period of five years. Th: assumptions are more fully described in SDV, annex 10. 7.26 Phasing of M&l water has been projected according to tentative plans of the Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board. Witl!drawals would start at about the same time as the first irrigation, and would not reach their final level until 30 years later (see SDV, annex 10). 7.27 Annual average releases through the RBPH and corresponding generation were estimated in function of projected buildup of withdrawals in the upstream states and from Sardar Sarovar Reservoir. For Shis purpose, annual upstream abstraction has been assumed to reach 16,300 hm after 25 years, and the full development stage (24,300 hm3) after a total of 42 years. Present abstraction upstream is estimated at i800 Mm3. Power operations would start with less than full capacity in year 9 (1992193). Full capacity was assumed to be available in year 10. Energy generation in conventional operation is derived from the sequence of projected flows through the RBPH. Pumpback operations using the reversible turbine-generators are assumed to start, at a low level, in the second year of power operation, building up gradually over 15 years to sustain ultimately a 25% load factor. Energy generation at the CHPH was estimated from releases to the main canal and mean annual head available for generation. Economic Rate of Return for SSP: The Base Case 7.28 The economic viability of the SS?, including its three functions of power generation, irrigation, and M&I water supply, was evaluated through a simulation model covering 50 years of the project's life and taking explicitly into account the interdependence of the three functions in terms of facility use and water resources, as well as the dependence on upstream development. The resulting buildup of total project benefits over time is illustrated in figure 10. The economic benefit and cost streams for the base case are summarized in table 28 and graphically shown in figure 11. Using base case values for all model parameters, the economic rate of return (ERR) is 13%. Bad power benefits been valued at the equivalent (at generation) of the average tariff realized by State Electricity Boards, (Rs 0.47/kWh instead of Rs 0.66) the ERR would have been about 12%. 7.29 The principal objectives of the SSY are to safeguard basic water supply to the human population and to industries in Gujarat as well as to increase agricultural production through provision of the presently most limiting factor, water. Those are the binding rules of society as formulated by the NWDT stating that consumptive water uses have priority over power generation. It is supported by the nction that water cannot be replacea by any other factor in agriculture and human consumption, whereas power can be produced from alternative resources. Therefore, power generation, although contributing a large share of total benefits, is a residual benefit, taking advantage of undiverted flows during the buildup period of basin diversions. Consequently, no project is conceivable without the irrigation and i&I water supply components. Therefore, and also because joint reservoir costs cannot be allocated between the interdependent purposes of this project, it is not appropriate to estimate separate ERRs for the different purposes. Given -57- GOG's decision that the main objective is providing irrigation and municipal/industrial water supply, it is unrealistic to conceive an alterna- tive project satisfying this objective, as required by the classical method of appraising multi-purpose projects, because any alternative means of providing such vater is prohibitively expensive. 7.30 However, for analytical purposes, it is possible to conceive an alternative "power-only." project at Sardar Sarovar, which would use most of the water resources released from upstream reservoirs. Such a project would have an ERR of about 15%. Adding the irrigation and h&I functions, and considering those as an incremental project, the "add-on:' project would have an ERR of about 12Z, producing an ERR for the combined, multipurpose SSP of 13%. ./ The present values for the ."power-only," alternative and for the 'add-on!' project are detailed in table 29. Alternative allocations of avail- able river water over time are conceivable and may produce some gain in "optimality", but are not feasible due to the binding rules which society, through the NWDT, has decided upon. 7.31 The proposed SSP is more than a very large project; it provides the basis of a regional development and of Gujarat's state water plan for regions north of the Narmada River. The allocation of Narmada water to basic water supply for villages, cities, and industries, although relatively small, is critical for the further development of a water short and drought prone state such as Gujarat. The irrigation system would provide a basic infrastructure for the expansion not only of the agricultural sector but of an entire regional economy through linkage and multiplier effects. Because of its very large size relative to the rest of the Gujarat economy, the project stretches the limits under which partial analysis through economic internal rate of return is apprcpriate. Worldwide experience would also suggest that large scale basic infrastructure projects generally tend to have low rates of return when evaluated only on their immediate, quantifiable benefits and costs. Due to its size, the SSP would have clearly more than marginal effects on the Gujarat economy. The irrigation project area would cover about 20% of the state's territory, and its impact, in terms of agricultural production, would be proportionally even larger. Incremental consumption by rural beneficiaries, marketing and processing of agricultural products, and demand for agricultural inputs and labor would generate secondary income and employment effects. While existing data are not sufficient to quantify such effects for Gujarat, studies elsewhere (Malaysia) indicate that these .'down- stream" effects of irrigation projects in terms of value added on a region may be as high as 75Z of the direct effects. if The same study estimated that each dollar of ."downstream" value added associated with the project AJ While such an addition vould cause some loss of power benefits relative to the hypothetical "power-only." project, this would be partially compen- sated through power generation at the CIPH and use of reversible tur- bine-generators. Pumpback operations have been excluded from the "power only.' case, due to the already high long-term plant factor. i) Bell, C. and Hazell, P., 'Measuring the Indirect Effects of an Agricul- tural Investment Project on its Surrounding Region," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol. 62, no. 1 (1980) World Bank Reprint Series no. 154. -58- needed between US $0.75 to 41.50 of complexentary investments appropriately distributed over all other sectors. This would suggest indeed high rates of return on follow-on investaents. Another study on the Indian economy sug- gests that an increase in the growth rate of agricultural output of 1% may trigger an increase in the growth rate of national income of about 0.7%, and of industrial production of about 0.5%. j/ The quantitative economic evalua- tion of the SSP, however, does not attempt to take these secondary effects into consideration. Project Risk 7.32 Sensitivity to Key Parameters. Sensitivity analysis was conducted through computation of "switching values." to determine how deviations from the main assumptions would effect the economic viability of the project. The "switching value" is that value of a parameter to which it will have to increase (or decrease) in order to render present value of the project's net benefits zero. The discount rate used was 12%. The following table shows the percentage changes between appraisal assumption and switching value for a number of selected parameters: Percentage Difference Between ADpraisal and Switching Values Cost Over-runs (in real terms, economic cost) Total cost +15 Dam cost +152 Total reservoir cost +104 Riverbed powerhouse cost +214 Power transmission & distribution cost +144 Total power cost +75 Main canal cost +77 Branch canal cost +151 Distribution & drainage system cost +85 Total irrigation system cost +24 Benefit Short-falls Total benefits -13 Agricultural benefits -22 Agricultural plus M&I water benefits -21 Power benefits -38 Implementation Periods Dam +22 Power facilities +55 Narmada Sagar Dam >+100 Irrigation system -30 Period to reach full irrigation deveIopment +300 jj Rangarajan, C., "Agricultural Growth and Industrial Performance in India," Research Report no. 33, International Food Policy Research Institute, 1982. -59- Other Parameters Cement conversion factor +110 Unskilled labor conversion factor +95 (construction and agriculture) Social value of energy -35 Narmada River mean runoff -28 Narmada water available to Gujarat & Rajasthan -48 Irrigation system efficiency (canal water) -37 Water requirements for average irrigated crop +26 Cultivable comaand area +130 Economic crop prices -17 Economic farm input prices +73 Irrigated yields (with project) -13 Rainfed yields (without 6 with project) +60 Farm inputs on irrigated crops (with project) +40 Irrigated yields & inputs varying simultaneously -20 7.33 Among these factors, those relating to yields, to prices, and physi- cal parameters (water resource availability and crop vater requirements) are subject mainly to appraisal errors; project planning has little control over them. Yields are based on judgement of the potential of today's crops when supported by responsive, equitable, and reliable water conveyance and delivery systems, by proper drainage facilities, and by an efficient agricul- tural extension service some twenty years from now. Operation and design criteria, including ample conveyance and delivery capacities, are specifi- cally geared towards such operations. A plan for O&H has been worked out and agreed with GOG to ensure that operation makes good use of the potential built into the design. Projected gross returns per hectare are on the average not considerably higher (+3b8) than what is being presently achieved under irrigation (mostly by private well owners). They do not imply any major breakthrough in agro-technology, and thus may understate the potential. A large shortfall relative to the base assumptions is therefore unlikely. Yields may be jeopardized in parts of the command only if incipient soil drainage problems are not remedied by proper means, e.g., through vertical (well) drainage. Criteria for drainage and conjunctive use of groundwater have been developed and agreed upon. As to the economic value of power, a reduction by 35X would imply that it falls short even of the average finance revenue realized presently, in spite of strong indications that the willing- ness to pay is higher. 7.34 Risks relating to implementation period and project costs (in real terms) can, to some extent, be reduced by good planning and diagnosis. It is noteworthy that major risks from implementation delay are likely to arise at the dam and power complex rather than in the irrigation infrastructure. Timely project implementation is related to institutional and staff capabilities, organization and management and proper funding of the SSP. The implementing agency, the state of Gujarat and its institutions, are fully committed to the SSP. Institutional capabilities of the highest calibre are -60- found in Gujarat and in India as exhibited by their excellent performance during project preparation and design phases. The ability of goveriment to reach across agency lines and to draw upon the private sector for in depth technical support is unique and indicative of the level of statewide commit- ment and support to he found in the future. However, timely implementation depends on support for recomm-ended institutional, organizational, managerial, and financial initiatives, as well as on the assurance that recommended staff levels and technical consulting services are maintained for efficient and effective management of this massive and complex project. In this regard, GOG has already indicated acceptance of centralized procurement, a management information system, early initiation of the 0&M organizatiou, continuation of the DRU, and utilization of outside technical expertise in certain special- ized design and construction activities, including a canal review board. Successful implementation would also depend heavily upon early establishment of the recommended organizations in each state and at the center for managing and monitoring the resettlement and rehabilitation of oustees from the main reservoir. 7.35 Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, worldwide experience in large public works development shows that implementation slippage is frequently caused by inadequate public sector financial support. Financial capabilities of Gujarat and MP during the coming Five-Year Plan period have been assessed, and while the SSP would certainly cause considerable strain on their invest- ment budgets, its financing is considered feasible given the priority accorded to the investments in each state plan and given GOI's commitment to provide all funds necessary to ensure timely project completion (see paras 5.07-5.13). Inspite of a strong statewide resolve to implement the SSP, the risk of slippage related to institutional capabilities, organization, manage- ment, and funding remains potentially high. This need has resulted in the agreements with GOI and the participating states cited elsewhere in this SAR and summarized in paras 8.01 to 8.07, that relate to these issues, especially the establishment of GOG's hISC by December 19b5 (see para b.U2[k]). 7.36 Project costs appear pa.ticularly important for the economic viability of the SSP. Dam costs are not expected to to exceed the estimates significantly, since foundation conditions are well known, and the costs of the structure have been assessed in great detail (contractor's type estimate). The RBPE cost contains an element of uncertainty with respect to cavern excavations, but is otherwise well founded. The cost of the first one third of the length of the main canal (which represents more than one third of the total cost) has been assessed in detail and is mostly subject to some cost variations with respect to local geological conditions. The remainder of irrigation works, while based on the cost of sample blocks and typical cost per unit of capacity and length of major canals, may vary in a wider range, but in either direction. Special features such as the pumplift schemes on Saurashtra and Kutch branches have been costed on feasibility type estimates, but overruns here vould not influence the overall economic viability significantly. 7.37 A particular, although not substantial, risk with respect to power generation in the early years is the possibility of delays in the construc- tion of the major upstream regulation facility, Narmada Sagar Dam in HP. The NWDT ordered SiP to complete it at the same time as Sardar Sarovar Dam. Average annual power generation in the early years at Sardar Sarovar RJkH would be reduced by about 25Z without Narmada Sagar in place. While the -61- preparation of Narmada Sagar has been somewhat delayed, the NP project is now expected to be completed in mid-1993. Full upstream regulation wotnld thus be available from the outset. The Bank is considering the financing of Narmada Sagar Project and is actively involved in its preparation to achieve the implementation target. A slippage of 5 years would result in a decrease of the ERR of less than one half percent, and even 10 years slippage would not lower the ERR below 1ZX. 7.38 Quantitative Risk Analysis. If all base case assumptions turned out to be accurate, the SSP in its totality would yield an economic rate of return to investment higher than the estimated opportunity cost of capital in India. It is, however, certain that all assumptions would not be correct. What then is the likelihood of a measure of returns to investment, such as the ERR, to fall below any given minimum level' While this question is pertinent to all investment decisions under uncertainty, the case of the SS1 warrants a more detailed analysis for the following reasons: firstly, the time frame for implementation and benefit buildup is unusually long, and uncertainties increase with the remoteness of events in time; and secondly, the 'stakes' are unusually high given the size of proposed investments. The returns to investment are the result of the interaction of a large number of variables, such as costs of individual components (in real terms), implemen- tation periods, buildup speed for benefits, resource availability, agricul- tural yields and inputs, volume of energy produced, economic values attached to benefits, etc. All of these can be perceived as random events following certain probability distributions. An effort was made to quantify approximately such distributions for a number of parameters based on judge- ment of staff and experts involved, and thus to express the perceived variability of individual events between extremes. A number of parameters entering the cost-benefit simulation model were subjected to random variation under defined probability distributions (Monte Carlo method). 1/ Annual random fluctuations, such as of rainfall and riverflow, were not considered. All parameters were assumed to be mean values for a given year instead. ERRs and net present values were then calculated for 500 different, randomly chosen sets of parameters. 7.39 The following factors affecting risk have been incorporated into the quantitative risk analysis model: (a) costs of dam, powerhouses, transmission system, main canal, branches, distribution and drainage system, command area and groundwater development; (b) implementation periods for the above; (c) errors in estimates of economic conversion factors; (d) deviation of agricultural gross returns (yields), cost of cultivation, water demand, and cropping intensities from base assumptions; jI Obvious or supposed correlation among random variables was taken into account either directly through equations linkin-g related parameters, or through identical random numbers used in general:ing correlated variables. -62- (e) deviation of economic prices of agricultural outputs and inputs and of the economic value of power from base assumptions; (f) change of buildup rate of agricultural benefits from assumed rate; (g) loss of agricultural production due to drainage problems; (h) deviation of river runoff and of actual water availability to Gujarat and Rajasthan from assumed volumes, and of system efficiencies from those assumed; (i) variations in the share of Gujarat's water aLlocated to M&I use; (j) delays in construction of the Narmada Sagar Reservoir upstream; and (k) variations in the times that it takes the upstream states to reach pre-defined development stages. Details on the assumed probability distribution are discussed in SDV, annex 10. 7.40 The risk analysis as described above yielded a random sample of ERRs, based on which the exected ERR would be 12%. The minimum ERR observed in the sample was 7.4%, a.d the maximum 18.9%. Since the values of the ERR in the sample are approximately normally distributed, the following inferences have been made about the likelihood of the ERR falling within certain inter- vals: iJ Range of ERR Probability Cum. Probability (Z) (Z) (J Less than 8 2.2 2.2 8 to 10 13.4 15.6 10 to 12 34.4 50.0 12 to 14 34.4 84.4 14 to 16 13.4 97.8 Greater than 16 2.2 100.0 The sample distribution of the ERR is shown graphically in figure 12. It is noteworthy that the band of ERRd observed spreads only about 5-6 percentage points around the mean, and that an ERR of less than 10X would occur only with a chance of one in six. The spread of the distribution might be some- what larger, if year-to-year fluctuations of water availability and possibly of rainfal: were simulated as well, especially in regard to power benefits. The risk inherent in the SSP appears to be relatively low. This can be attributed to the multipurpose character of the project, which spreads the risk over several functions, and to the nature of the power function that in itself is less risky than the irrigation function. In summary, the project is expected to yield satisfactory returns to investment and to carry a reasonably low overall risk, considering its size and time frame. 1J The sample mean is 12.00% and the standard deviation 2.00. -63- VIII. AGREEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ARreements Government of India (GOI) 8.01 Agreements have been reached with GOI that it would: (a) Take all actions necessary to release forest lands reserved by the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, within the boundaries of the States of Gujarat, HP and Naharashtra if required for the purpose of implementing the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project including the resettlement and rehabilitation programs and plans (para 4.38[a]ti]); (b) With the assistance of NCA, carry out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettlement and rehabilitation of the Sardar Sarovar dam and reservoir oustees within the boundaries of the participating states of Gujarat, MP and Habarashtra (para 4.38al [iil); (c) On June 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 1986, and thereafter until June 1, 1995, furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annual reports, of such scope and detail as the Bank may reasonably request, regarding the resettlement and reLabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Dam and Reservoir oustees within the State boundaries of Gujarat, MP and Maharashtra (para 4.38[al [iii]). Cd) Make the proceeds of the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit available to GOG, GOMP and GOM in accordance with its standard arrangements for develop- ment assistance to states and the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision, an aggregate amount equivalent to US$299.8 N (para 5.11); Ce) Cause GOG, GOMP, and GOM to implement the project in accordance with their respective obligations including provision of the required funds, facilities, services and other resources (para 5.12); (f) Cause GOR to perform its obligations regarding implementation of the project as provided for in the NWDT decision (para 5.12); (g) Maintain the NCA, CAC and NRC with powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing, funds, and membership as may be required to carry out their respective duties (para o.16); and (h) By September 30, 1985, employ or cause to be employe and thereafter assign to NCA a social scientist with qualifications, experience and terms and conditions of employment satisfactory to the Bank and in accordance with its August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants (para 6.17). -64- Government of Guiarat (GOG) 8.02 Agreements have been reached with GOG that it would: (a) By April 1, 1985, establish and thereafter maintain a Dam Safety Panel with terms of reference and membership satisfactory to the Bank (para 4.22); (b) (i) Cause the Dam Safety Panel to conduct semi-annual reviews of the adequacy of the plans and designs of the dams, spillways, by-pass tunnel, weir, powerhouses, channels and related structures and facilities included in the project and to examine, inter alia, whether there is a need for making changes in the design and/or construction (para 4.22[a]); and (ii) Not later than seven days from the date of each of the Panel's reviews, furnish to the Bank and GOG a report of its findings, conclusions and recommendations (para 4.22[bl); (c) By April 1, 1985, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, a list of consultants and/or experts in the areas of, inter alia, quality control, design or gates and valves and related control equipment, concrete design and placement, steel fabrication and erection, tunnels, rock mechanics including controlled blasting and rock support systems for the underground powerhouses, design and installation of large rotating equipment and accessory electrical equipment, operation and maintenance of dams and spillways and power plants and emergencies encountered during construction, such as earthquakes and other unforeseen events which may affect the project (para 4.22[cl); Cd) Under arrangements satisfactory to the Bank, cause the Project's dams, spillways, by-pass tunnel, weir, powerhouses, channels and related structures and facilities constructed under the project to be peri- odically inspected in accordance with sound engineering practices in order to determine whether there are any deficiencies in the condition of such structures, or in the quality and adequacy of maintenance or methods of operation, which might endanger their safety (para 4.22); (e) Carry out the planning, design and construction of the project works located within its State boundaries and the installation of project equipment including the turbine-generator units of the RBPH and CEPH and the hydrometeorological network, in accordance witb standards and criteria acceptable to the Bank (para 4.32); (f) Maintain an adequate supply of materials including cement and steel needed to carry out the construction works under the project (para 4.33); (g) Carry out the project in conformity with appKoV-priate C' tr..ative, financial, engineering, agricultural, envirommental and sociological practices including those portions of the power transmission line interties, hydrometeorological network and resettlement and rehabilita- tion components including evaluation and monitoring acrivities that lie within its state boundaries, and provide the required funds, facilities, staff, services and other resources (para 4.43); -65- (h) Maintain the following agencies with the powers, functions, respon- sibilities, membership, staffing, organization and funds required to enable them to adequately undertake tbeir responsibilities (para 6.12): Ci) The NHPC for the coordination and timely interaction among the various departments and agencies of the GOG responsible for carry- ing out the project; and (ii) The NPG for carrying out planning studies of the Narmada River Development program including those required to develop a plan for the operation and maintenance of the hydroelectric power and water delivery ard drainage facilities under the SSP; (i) Employ consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience and terms and conditions of employment shall be satisfactory to the Bank, to be selected in accordance with the Bank's August 1981 guidelines for the use of consultants, for carrying out (para 6.17): (i) Within its state boundaries, the overall project design, construc- tion and quality control including computer based data management and informatiot' systems, the design and construction of underground works including controlled blasting and installation of rock eup- port systems, and the operation and maintenance of the dems, spillways and related equipment and hydropower plants and power supply systems; and (ii) In coordination with GOMP and GOM, the establishment, operation and maintenance of a hydrometeorological network for flood warning and the day-to-day operation of the SSP; (j) baintain within NDD a CPU, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, with the powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing, organization and funds required to enable it to carry out its respon- sibilities for procurement of all goods and services needed for implementation of the SSP (para 6.18); (k) Establish not later than December 31, 1985, and thereafter maintain, within the NDD, a MISC to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and provide it with such powers, functions, responsibilities, organization, staffing and funds as would be required for monitoring, control and evaluation of the various activities under the SSP (para 6.19); (1) Maintain the NDD, headed by a qualified and experienced officer, with the powers, functions, responsibilities, organization, staffing and funds as needed to enable it to carry out its responsibilities for the overall implementation of the SSP including (para 6.25): (i) The operation and maintenance of the irrigation and municipal, industrial and domestic water delivery and drainage facilities of the SSP; (ii) The operation and maintenance of Sardar Sarovar dam and spillway, Garudeshwar weir, Vadgam saddle dam, the irrigation bypass tunnel -66- and the system of dams and reservoirs and interlinking channels and related facilities located between the CHPH and the Narmada main canal headregulator; (iii) The supply and distribution of irrigation and municipal, industrial and domestic vater resulting from the SSP; and (iv) Through an appropriate agency, to be established by December 31, 1988, operate and maintain the hydroelectric power component of the SSP, and, in accordance with the NWDT decision, supply hydroelec- tric power to GOG, GOMP and GON resulting from the implementation of such component; (m) By December 31, 1987, prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, an operation and maintenance plan, including the provision of funds, staff and other resources, for the dams, powerhouses, canals and related structures and equipment under the project, and thereafter, adopt and implement the approved plan (para 6.25); Governments of Guiarat (GOG), Madhva Pradesh (GOMP). and Maharasbtra (GON) 8.03 Agreements have been reached with GOG, GOMP and GOM that they would: (a) Carry out in accordance with standards and criteria acceptable to the Bank the planning, design and construction, and, by December 31, 1991, or such other date as may be agreed between the Bank and the states, complete within their respective State boundaries, the construction of transmission lines, sub-stations and other power-related facilities required for the full integration of the SSP power facilities with the western region power grid (para 4.17); (b) In coordination one with another and with the NC&: *i) by Dece^ber 31, 1986 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its approval, a final system design for the hydrometeorological network including equipment specifications and construction schedules, and, thereafter, carry out the system design and construction following approval (para 4.26[a)D; (ii) by December 31, 1987 prepare and furnish to the Bank, for its ap- proval, an operation and maintenance plan for the hydrometeorological network including the provision of funds, staff and other resour- ces, and, thereafter, adopt and implement the plan as approved (para 4.26[b]); (iii) by June 30, 1988, have the components of the hydrometeorological network located within their respective State boundaries, installed and operational in a manner satisfactory to the Bank (para 4.26[c]); {c) In coordination one with another and the NCA, provide to NCA as needed and in accordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT deci- sion, the funds, facilities, services and other resources required to enable NCA to assist GOI in: -67- Ci) carrying out its responsibilities under the NhDT decision related to, inter Alia. the overall operation and maintenance of the bydrometeorological network (para 4.26[d]); and (ii) carrying out the overall monitoring and evaluation of the resettle- ment and rehabilitation of Sardar Sarovar Dan and Reservoir oustees (para 4.381b][i]). (d) Adopt and thereafter implement within their respective State bound- aries, a resettlement and rehabilitation plan for the Sardar Sarovar Dan and Reservoir oustees, satisfactory to the Bank, which would include the principles and objectives given in Schedule A and the institutional arravgewerts provided for in Schedule B (para 4.38)[b][ii]; (e) Within their state boundaries, take all measures necessary to minimize the risk of malaria, filaria, schistosomiasis and other water-related diseases that may result from implementation of the project (para 4.40); (f) In collaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for its approval, by December 31, 1985, a work plan for the environmental effects anticipated regarding implementation of the SSP whicn would include suitable training programs for responsible staff of the par- ticipating states, including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds, and studies and implementation therefor, covering fish and fisheries, forest and wildlife, and public health aspects, and, there- after, the participating states should implement the approved work plan and training programs (para 4.41); (g) Acquire all lands and rights needed for carrying out the project and furnish the Bank promptly with satisfactory evidence that all necessary land and rights would be available for purposes of implementing the project (para 4.42); (h) With respect to those parts of the project which are to be carried out by each state, maintain separate records and accounts for project expenditures; ensure that such project accounts are audited annually and that copies of such accounts, certified as to their accuracy by an independent auditor acceptable to the Bank, are submitted to the Bank not later than nine months after the end of each fiscal year; have final audits prepared for project accounts for eacb fiscal year by an auditor acceptable to the Bank and forward such audit reports to the Bank imediately after their finalization; and, make complete accounts and financial statements available for inspection during Bank review missions (para 5.20); (i) Maintain the NCA, CAC and NRC each with the functions, respon- sibilities, staffing, funds and membership as may be required to carry out their respective duties (para 6.06); (j) In collaboration one with another, furnish to the Bank for its approval (para 6.15): -68- (i) By December 31, 1985, a suitable training program of resettlement and rebabilitation of the oustees for the responsible staff of GOG, GOMP and GON including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds; and (ii) By June 30, 1989, a suitable training pro-ram of operation and maintenance of the facilities under the SSP including plans, schedules, syllabi and provision of funds; Thereafter, the participating states should implement the above train- ing programs as approved; (k) Furnish to the Bank semi-annual and annual progress reports, within three months after the end of each reporting period, of such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank regarding implementa- tion of the parts of the project for which each state is responsible within its respective boundaries (including power transmission intertie lines, hydrometeorological network, resettlement and rehabilitation program, -and overall project monitoring and evaluation) (para 6.20); and (1) Furnish to the Bank within six months after project completion, a report of such scope and detail as may reasonably be requested by the Bank covering the parts of the project for which each state is respon- sible within its respective boundaries regarding execution and initial operations, and costs, expenditures and benefits to be derived ;ara 6.20); (m) Require the project's facilities to be efficiently maintained and the vehicles and equipment to be efficiently operated and maintained and all necessary repairs and renewals made, in accordance with sound engineering and financial practices (para 6.23); Cn) By a date not later than six months before the commissioning of the first turbine-generator unit under either the RBPH or the CHPH, enter into contracts, satisfactory to the Bank with appropriate electric utility organizations for the bulk supply and sale of electricity generated under the project including bulk supply contracts with each state containing provisions for pricing power at levels which would recover all investment costs and full 0&M costs and would produce a satisfactory internal rate of return to project investments over the life of the assets (para 6.29); Governments of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) and Nabarashtra (GOM) 8.04 Agreements have been reached with GOMP and GOM that they would: (a) Carry out in coordination one with another and with GOG and NCA, the construction, procurement, installation, operation and maintenance of the hydrometeorological network in conformity with appropriate administrative, financial and engineering practices, and provide as needed, the funds, facilities, staffing, services and other resources required for such purposes (para 4.26); -69- (b) Assist the GOG in implementing the project including the provision of funds, facilities, services and other resources as needed and in accordance with the cost-sharing provisions of the NWDT decision (para 5.12); (c) Employ, in coordination one with another and with GOG, for implementa- tion of the hydrometeorological network within their respective State boundaries, consultants and/or experts whose qualifications, experience and terms and conditions would be satisfactory to the Bank and would be selected in accordance with principleE and procedures of the Bank's August 1981 "Guidelines for the Use of Consultants by World Bank Bor- rowers and by the World Bank as Executing Agency" (para 6.17); Recommendat ion 8.04 The proposed project is suitable for an IBRD loan of US$200.0 M and an IDA credit of US$100 M (SDR 99.7 M equivalent). Conditions of Effectiveness 8.05 As a condition of effectiveness, a legal opinion on behalf of GOG, GOMP and GOM would be provided to the Bank indicating that all the necessary govern- mental actions have been taken for adopting and thereafter implementing a plan satisfactory to the Bank for resettlement and rehabilitation of all persons who would be displaced (oustees) as a consequence of the project, in accordance with the decisions of the NWDT and with the principles, objectives and institu- tional, monitoring and evaluation requirements referred to in Schedules A and B (para 4.38). 8.06 The effectiveness of the IBRD loan and/or IDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project would be dependent upon the concurrent effective- uess of the LDA credit for Water Delivery and Drainage Project (para 5.13). 8.07 The effectiveness of the TDA credit for the Sardar Sarovar Dam and Power Project would be dependent upon the effectiveness of the IBRD loan agree- ment for the same project (para 5.13). Schedule A -70- Pae 1 INDIA SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND POWER PROJECT Resettlement and Rehabilitation 1. The project's oustees from the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Naharashtra will be relocated and rehabilitated in accordance with the provi- sions of the WDT decisions and the following-principles and objectives: (a) The main objectives of the plan for resettlemeot and rehabilitation of the oustees are to ensure that the oustees will promptly after their displacement: (i) improve or at least regain the standard of living they were enjoying prior to their displacement; (ii) be relocated as village units, village sections or families in accordance with the oustees' preference; (iii) be fully integrated in the community to which they are resettled, and Civ) be provided with appropriate compensation and adequate social and physical rehabilitation infrastructure, including community services and facilities. (b) The plan for resettlement and rehabilitation of the oustees will ensure adequate participation by the oustees. (c) Each landed oustee shall be entitled to and allotted irrigable land in the state (Gujarat, MP or Naharashtra) in which he chooses to resettle, of equal size to that which he owned prior to his resettle- ment, subject to the applicable land ceiling laws, acceptable to him; provided, however, that in those cases where the oustee owned less than 2 ha of land, such oustee shall be entitled to at least 2 ba of irrigable land, acceptable to him. (d) Each landless oustee will be rehabilitated in the agricultural or nonagricultural sectors, as the case may be, and shall be entitled to stable means of livelihood in accordance with the objectives set forth in paragraph (a) of this schedule. -71- Schedule A Pare 2 (e) The level of compensation for land, irrigable and otherwise, to be paid to landed oustees vill be based on the current market value of land of equivalent size, location and comparable quality in areas provided for and acceptable to each oustee. (f) Where irrigable land is allocated to a landed oustee in lieu of land previously owned by such oustee, 50% of the cash compensation to which such oustee is entitled shall be applied towards the cost of the allocated land, subject to a maximum of the value of the land allotted, and the balance of the cost of such allotted land shall be treated by the state (Gujarat, MP or Maharashtra) where the allotted land land is located, as an interest-free loam repayable over 20 years. (g) In no case shall cash payments be made in substitution for actual rehabilitation. Cash payments shall be restricted to such transac- tions as mandated by the NRDT decision. -72- Schedule B Pase 1 INDIA SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT Institutional.-Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangtements for Resettlement and Rehabilitation 1. Gujarat shall: (a) maintain the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Wing, within the Narmada Development Department, respoasible for planning, coordinating and implementing the resettlement and rehabilitation of the oustees, as the case may be, within Gujarat's State boundaries pursuant to the provisions of the NWDT decision and the objectives and principles given in Schedule A; therefore, such Wing is to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and assigned with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes; (b) commencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1985, employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, for purposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees within Gujarat's State boundaries, such research institutions to prepare and furnish to the Narmada Develop- ment Department semi-annual and annual reports of their findings and recon endations. Further, Gujarat will take into account such find- ings and recommendations in the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees; (c) commencing on September 30, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995, prepare and furnish to GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annual reports on the implementation of the of the plan for R&R of the oustees, which reports will include those reports of the research institutions provided for in paragraph (b) of this Schedule. Such reports sha]l be furnished within three months after the end of each reporting period; and (d) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain a committee for purposes of advising the Resettlement and Rehabilitation Wing of the Narmada Development Department with regard to the implementa- tion of the plan for R&R of the oustees, such committee to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and include in its membership representatives of Gujarat's social science research institutions, oustees interest groups, including non-governmental social workers and welfare organizations from Gujarat, and of the oustees relocated .73. Schedule B Pate 2 within Gujarat's State boundaries. Such committee will be assigned, at all times, with such functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes. 2. Madhya Pradesh shall: (e) maintain the Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Cell, within the NarDada Planning Agency, responsible for planning, coordinating and implementing the R&R of the oustees, as the case may be, within MP s state boundaries in accordance with the provisions of the NWDT deci- sion and the objectives and principles set forth or referred to in Schedule A; therefore, such Cell is to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and assigned, at all times, with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes; (f) commencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995, employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, for purposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees within MP's State boundaries, such research institutions to prepare and furnish to the Narmada Planning Agency semi-annual and annual reports of their findings and recommendations. Further, HP will take into account such findings and recommendations in the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees; Cg) commencing on September 30, 19b5 and thereafter until March 31, 1995, prepare and furnish to the GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annual reports on the implementation of the plan for R&R of Lhe oustees, which reports will include those reports of the research institutions provided for in paragraph (f) of this Schedule. Such reports shall be furnished within three montbs after the end of each reporting period; and (h) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain a committee for purposes of advising the Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Cell vith regard to the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees, such committees to be headed by a qualified and experienced officers and include in its membership representatives of MP' s social science research institutions, oustees' interest groups, including non-governmental social workers and welfare organizations from MP, and of the oustees relocated within MP's State boundaries. Such committee will be assigned, at all tines, with such functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds as would be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes. 3. Maharashtra shall: (i) maintain the barmada Development Division within its Irrigation Department, responsible for planning, coordinating and implementing the R&R of the oustees, as the case may be, within Maharashtras -74 Schedule B P^ge -3 State boundaries in accordance with the provisions of the NWDT deci- sion and the objectives and principles set fortb or referred to in Schedule A; therefore, such Cell is to be headed by a qualified and experienced officer and assigned, with such powers, functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds As would be be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes; (j) comencing on March 31, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995, employ suitable research institutions, satisfactory to the Bank, for purposes of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees within Maharasbera's State boundaries, such research institutions to prepare and f-rnish to the Narmada Develop- ment Division semi-annual and annual reports of their findings and recommendations. Further, Maharashtra will take into account such findings and recommendations in the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees; (k) commencing on September 30, 1985 and thereafter until March 31, 1995, prepare and furnish to the GOI and the Bank semi-annual and annual reports on the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees, which reports shall include those reports of the research institu- tions provided for in paragraph (j) of this Schedule. Such reports shall be furnished within three months after the end of each report- ing period; and (1) by March 31, 1985, establish and, thereafter, maintain committees for purposes of advising the Narmada Development Division with regard to the implementation of the plan for R&R of the oustees, such com- mittees to be headed by a qualified and experienced officers and include in its membership representatives of Maharashtra's social science research institutions, oustees' interest groups, including non-governmental social workers and welfare organizations from Maharashtra, and of the oustees relocated within Maharashtra's State boundaries. Such committee will be assigned, at all times, with such functions, responsibilities, staffing and funds ad would be required to enable it to accomplish its purposes. -75- Table 1 Page 1 IN~DIA IARMADA RIVER DEVELOPENT- GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVAR PROJECT Implementation Goals and Objectives Date Goal 1. Jun 85 Award main dam and RBPH civil works 2. Jun 85 Award first of 4 reaches of main canal up to Mahi River 3. Jun 85 Complete dam foundation work and concrete to streambed elevation 4. Nov 85 Award first reach of a major branch 5. Dec 85 Award supply contract for REPR turbine/ generator sets 6. Dec 85 Complete ongoing dikes and ponds works 7. Jan 86 Award supply contract for CEPH turbine/ generator sets 8. Apr t6 Award CEPH civil works, including Vadgam Saddle Dam 9. Jul 86 Award irrigation bypass tunnel 10. Apr 87 Award Garudeshwar Weir and pumpback storage 11. Jul 87 Award first reach of major surface drains 12. Dec 88 Complete RBPR mining excavation 13. Dec 88 Initiate command area development 14. Apr b9 Complete RBPR Ist stage concrete 15. May 90 Complete irrigation bypass tunnel 16. Oct 90 Complete CEPH civil works and Vadgam Saddle Dam 17. Oct 91 Complete Gsrudeshwar Weir and pumpback storage -76- Table 1 Page 2 18. May 92 Complete main canal and major structures to Miyagam branch turnout 19. May 92 Complete dam concrete placemeat above EL 91.46 m (irrigation diversions begin) 20. Jun 92 Deliver water to distribution network for 172,000 ha (Miyagam branch) 21. Jun 92 Complete high voltage intertie 22. Aug 92 Commission first T/G sets at CHPH 23. Oct 92 Commission first T/G sets at RBPH 24. Jun 93 Deliver water to Vadodara branch 25. Jun 93 Complete main canal and structures to Mahi River 26. Oct 93 Initiate service and arterial roads 27. Dec 93 Commission fifth T/G set at GEPH 28. Jul 94 Commission sixth TIG set at MBPH 29. Jul 94 Complete dam and spillway to top with gates (EL 146.5 m) 30. Oct 94 Complete distribution network ro Mahi River (430,'00 ha) 31. Jun 95 Install first agency conjunctive use wells 32. Dcc 96 Complete main canal to Rajasthan border 33. May 99 Complete Saurashtra branch pump and hydroelectric plants 34. Jun 99 Deliver water to Saurashtra branch 35. May 00 Deliver water to Kutch branch 36. Jun 00 Complete distribution network to mainland Gujarat command 37. Apr 06 Complete command area development 38. Jun 06 Conjunctive use system fully operational 39. Jun 06 Project completely served including agency wells for full groundwater development -77- - ~~~~~Table 2 Page 1 INDIA SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND) POWER COMPLEX Salient Technical Features FacilitylFeature Description 1. Sardar Sarovar Dam (a) Location Narmada River near Navagam village (210 50' N Lat x 730 45' E Long) (b) Type Concrete gravity Cc) Volume (Total) 6,000 N Mass concrete 5,500 Nm3 Structural concrete 500 Nm3 Cd) Top of dam Elevation 146.50 a Length 1210.00 m Width (top) 9.14 m Ce) Freeboard 6.29 m Cf) Height of dam 128.50 a (from top of fault plug) 157.50 m (from bottom of fault excavation) 2. Spillway (a) Type Ogee crest(s) (1) Service sp.illway with 23 -18.3 x 16.7 a sloping apron stilling basin Radial gates (2) Auxiliary (& emergency) with 7 - 18.3 x 18.3 a chute/flip-bucket Radial gates (b) Crest length (1) Service spillway 524.3 m (2) Auxiliary 161.0 a (3) Total crest 749.6 a (c) Crest elevation 121.92 m -78- Table 2 Page 2 (d) Capacity (1) Service design (1000-yr flood) 87,000 cumecs (2) Service and auxiliary (P.M.F aI 171,000 cumecs without overtopping dan) 3. Outlet Works (a) Irrigation bypass tunnel (Intake located 350 m upstream on right reservoir rim) (1) Iavert elevation (reservoir side) 86.9 m (2) Diameter (twin tunnels) 6.4 m (b) Construction sluices (Temporary) (1) Set no. 1 (invert elevation 18.0 H) - Description 10 - 2.75 x 2.15 a Rectangular boxes (2) Set no. 2 (invert elevation 35.0 n) - Description 8 - 2.75 x 2.15 a Rectangular boxes (c) Emergency outlets - Invert elevation 60.0 a - Description 4 - 3.05 x 2.74 m Rectangular boxes - Discharge (FRL) 300 cumecs 4. Riverbed Powerhouse Underground (23 x 58 x 211 a machine hall) (a) Location/Description Cavern/right abutment (b) Type units Reversible turbine-generators (c) Unit capacities 6 x 200 MW Units (d) Total plant capacity 1200 MN (e) Penstocks - Invert elevation 97.5 n - Diameter (6 each) 7.62 a - Combined discharge (maximum) 1000 cumecs 1J Probable mazimum flood -79- Table 2 Page 3 5. Canalhead Powerhouse (a) Location/Description Right rim of reservoir 800 n upstream of main dam axis/surface powerhouse (32 x 141 m)-intakes formed by Vadgam Saddle Dam (b) Type units Conventional turbine- generators (Kaplan) (c) Unit capacities (5) 50 KW (d) Total plant cuapacity 250 MW (e) Penstocks (5) - Invert elevation 90.0 m - Diameter (each) 6.7 m 6. Reservoir (a) Hydrology - Total catchment 89,000 sq. km. - Average annual rainfall 1,214 m - Maximum annual rainfall 1,270 ami - Minimum annual rainfall 760 am - Runoff at 50% dependability 45,000 imr - Runoff at 75Z dependability 35,200 Nr. - Runoff at 90X dependability 26,500 Nm3 - Spillvay design flood (1000-year) Peak discharge (inflow) 101,700 cumecs Peak discharge (outflow) 87,300 cu ecs Flood volume (inflow) 16,410 Mm Maximum water surface (routed) 139.7 m - Probable -mximum flood Peak discharge (inflow) 171,000 cum6cs Peak discharge (outflow) 132,000 cu ecs Flood volume (inflow) 33,600 Mm Maximum water surface (routed) 144.3 m (b) Storage - Maximnm water level (MWL) 140.2 i - Full reservoir level (FlL) 138.7 m - Minimum drawdown level (MDDL) -80- Table 2 Page 4 Power operation 110.6 m Irrigation operation 93.6m 3 - Gross storage (FRL) 9,500 Mm - Dead storage (HDDL) Pover (MDDL 110.6 m) 3,700 3 Irrigation (MDDL 93.6 a) 2,100 Mm - Live storage (FRL) Power (CDDL 110.6 n) 5,800 3m3 Irrigation (NDDL 93.6 a) 7,400 Mm (c) Submergence data (FRL) - Forest lavd 6,273 ha - Cultivable land 12,141 ha - Other land 18.616 ha Total 37,030 ha - Affected villages & population 1J Villares Families . Madhya Pradesh 180 7,500 . Maharashtra 36 1,358 . Gujarat 19 1.900 Totals 235 10,758 7. Garudeshwar Weir (pumpback storage) 2J (a) Location 18 km below main dam axis (b) Maximum water level (MWL) 30.0 i (c) Maximum live capacity at MWL. 26 Mm (d) Minimum tailvater for pump/storage operation 25.9 m 1J Preliminary estimate up to MWL (140.2) - develcpment of final resettlement plan data is expected to increase these figures significantly. 2J Facilitates sumped-storage mode of operation of the RBPE for a 7-hour pump and 5-hour generation cycle. -81- Table 2 Page 5 8. Vadgam Saddle Dam 1J (a) Location Right rim of main reservoir 800 m upstream from main dam axis near Vadgam village (b) Type of structure Stone masonry dam (c) Dam height 60 m 9. Canalhead Reservoirs and Dams (a) Dams (1) Type Earth and rockfill with core and filter zones and cutoffs tc bedrock 3 (2) Total embankment volume (4 dams) 5.4 Mm (3) Maximum height (dam No. 3) 54.6 m (4) Spillway on dam no. 3 (combined) Type Stone-sasonry; chute Design discharge 640 cumecs (b) Interlink channels Overall side slopes 0.5 H to 1.0 V Maximum depth of cut 100 m Design discharge 1,133 cumecs (c) Storage Maximum reservoir (pond) level 95.1 m Minimum reservoir (pond) level 92.1 m Active storage (EL 95.1 to 92.1) 13.0 m33 Gross storage (EL 95.1) C- 3 Mm (d) Submergence (EL 95.1) 773 ha (e) Catcbment 4460 ha 1J Facilitates structural support for CHPH intakes and penstock arrangements. -82- Ta -le 3 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT Material Requirements Annual Cement Requirements (Metric Tonnes) Year Main Dam Hydro-Power Main Canal Dist. Systems Grand Total 1981-82 12,545 - - 12,545 1982-83 10,300 - - 10,300 1983-84 10,044 - - - 10,044 1984-85 11,020 - - 18,300 29,320 1985-86 8,440 - 63,300 49,050 120,790 1986-87 186,980 - 135,100 112,700 434,780 1987-88 196,330 16,000 170,400 169,700 552,430 1988-89 196,330 40,000 170,400 210,150 616,880 1989-90 196,330 48,000 205,400 231,400 681,130 1990-91 196,330 16,000 197,900 236,050 646,280 1991-92 196,330 34,000 191,000 247,200 668,530 1992-93 86,390 5,000 199,850 332,500 623,740 1993-94 - 2,000 192,150 460,350 654,500 1994-95 - - 195,250 468,350 663,600 1995-96 - - 138,800 456,550 595,350 1996-97 - - 70,700 456,550 527,250 1997-98 - - - 226,400 226,400 1998-99 - - - 131,300 131,300 TOTALS 1,307,369 1J 161,000 1,930,250 3,806,550 7,205,169 1J As presented in the Sardar Sare--= Project, "Construction Program for Read Works (Unit I),." by -yrmada Project Read Works Circle Vadodara, November 1983 which is consistent with the p.-oposed 7.1 Mm concrete gravity dam. -83- Table 4 INDA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOEMENT - GUJARAT Material Reguirements Annual Steel Requirements (Metric Tonnes) Year Main Dam Hydro-Power Main Canal Dist. System Grand Total 1981-82 1,635 - 1,635 1982-83 460 - 460 1983-84 200 - 200 1984-85 200 - - 218 418 1985-86 380 - 1,200 498 2,078 1986-87 7,740 - 7.600 743 16,083 1987-88 8,220 1,800 12,000 1,289 23,309 1988-89 8,220 4,400 12,000 1,804 26,424 1989-90 7,915 5,900 17,600 2,005 33,420 1990-91 4,800 3,709 16,400 1,936 26,845 1991-92 4,320 600 15,200 2,140 22,260 1992-93 1,900 200 14,000 2,928 19,028 1993-94 - - 14,400 3,918 18,318 1994-95 - - 14,800 3,918 18,718 1995-96 - - 11,600 3,535 15,135 1996-97 - - 6,800 3,535 10,335 1997-98 - - - 1,577 1,577 1998-99 - - - 915 915 TOTALS 45,990 1J 16,609 143,600 30,959 237,158 1J Includes 30 radial crest gates as presented in the Sardar Sarovar Project, "Construction Program for Head Works (Unit I)," by Narmada Project Read Works gircle, Vadodara, November 1983, consistent with the proposed 7.1 Mm, gravity dam. inW 110 lEWIIEu - 3UJ*A om~ SK ~I V ilA Pat MlCT FAIN 96 htalte Cost T1ab Cots r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~vetmwets UM/0l mu C nm nM nne o. Im TnnJ n4 Total -, - --- Cennnns rot, tMs mntc 34/35 35/36 36/3737/SI 36/39 P/9090/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total 3e wrr s 4/fl " 3/37 P /r /0 W3/90 90/91 93/92 92/9S 93/94 Total Rale r:i,. Tm Rate Accoat 1. I 1n1To cl A. 11 a :n wIu - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0*2 6 0.05 9I g1m63 33363S3U - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.15 0.o3 o rU liUI EAVATI 45.5 "9 ,10.2 - 244,6 - 5.7 127.4 164.7 - - - 0. .135 ol$ 0,05 t 1`1111 1 .ATNT 6Y., loll-30. - - 3,5 1391 - - - - - . - 6.6 015 0,15 0405 co 5jUl36O l Sl 0l3l133 - 3.0 9.1 5,2-@ - - - - - 222.4 - 10.7 133 6.3 - - - - - - 32.4 0.2 0. 0.e5 Cw IJLT NO - - 3360 37,5 45.0 4J5, 40 405.0 171.6 - 25612.2 - - 511.3 sn.5 SW2 64.4 7. 735,737.2 - 4,290. * 0. 0.05 e StUICTK 1 -T0l3.0V 47.5 136.2 170.6 159.0 3.5 I.0 - 623J7 - - 133 212.4 216,1 21.3 2n9.1 171.6 39.0 - 1.3.2 1 0.4 0.5 1TM 1TM.- 3_.0 34,7 34.7 34.7 34.7 17. 5.9 - 393.0 * - 5 50. 54.7 59.2 64.0 34.2 12.4 - 31. 0.3 02 .5 o 9INO1E 1-91 - 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.4 0.5 - 14.2 3 - 1.6 4.1 4.5 4. 5.3 3.1 1.1 - 26.5 0.25 0.15 *.e ON FAIICATII U WIA BAVS - - 23,6 27.3 27. 20.3 10.2 3.4 - - lol.l ? - 191 41*4 449 3A.5 19.3 7. - - la.e 0.35 0.06 0.05 Ce IUTfmilAWIU WAl TS - - - - - - - -.3 11.4 1.o0 36.2 - - - 23.5 23.9 400 77.3 O.2 0.15 0.0 eV 1gm 1 1 l 2M5. 20.0 20.6 316 26. 39.3 31.6 7 46,7 35.3 591.0 341.4 25.3 26.3 4.1 46.9 17.2 61.2 33.7 106.3 U333 934.3 *IS' 0*I5 0.05 ca h-dsl C11T5113 355. 93316 434.S 754.4 6U.0 6f,9 643n.01 571.1 264.0 53.1 468.0 424.9 301.3 173.3 3,013.3 2O000.3 3,344.4 13173,7 13115.9 :5.3 123.3 7,623,1 co UtiUSl - 39.6 39.-- - - - 79.1 - -3-6 5132 l-3.s 0.35 0.05 n o [NIaaII 2.4 3.4 3,4 233 t23, 3s3 I6.7 l6,3 t.s to7 ? . 3.2 0 IIJ 122,3 727 3.11 33, 33,7 36.4 1395 6.6 2264M 0,2 0.35 O.0 * to CI3ICTII 137. le - - - - -- 23,9 21,2 15. - -9 - - - - - 37.2 0.2 3.15 0.05 co Fe @ra tIFn n Cuts W7 103 l30l 23.3 23,31 23,3 21, 22.6 23 3,9 157.1 96 14.5 35.3 37.0 40.2 43.5 43.6 46.7 24.7 9.4 M.o 0.2 025 0.05 Eic I. 0(1UMt2 I MIUNIMIIM 30.4 l3.e 56.4 2i2 52.7 55.7 53.2 47.4 22.0 4.6 .4 31,7 l3.2 69.2 82.3 76.2 7. 90.4 364 425 9. 56.W3 0 0 0 E Tota f am11 413.5 146,1 7M. 9579 ?.I 776.0 345 656, ,3 65 0 5,49,2 49.s 237,0 1343 1,250. l4.47i 12.339 1443,5 1fMA4 637.l 36,7 ,318,6 _ 8=33 3331 93n" c3st 3 mm _ Same s83 83 3331138 w311 "1=3 "33s3e pr *rs rrs I *3r3puern rr13.2 one" 3 _ ftol 413.5 ful. 773.0 5.9 7J M. 73,5 66.9 3 Me3 65,0 5,9,2 MIS 217.0 1s34#3 1,250.4 147 lt, 32f9it 24343 1,23.4 6. 1067 113W. _ memo_som _ 3 *3e _ 1 1rr 33rr-_: ra s rW r3 3 1.3 31133 3333 .3313 313r m3 M= _ 33333 1/ Includes advance payment on main contract of about Rs 230 2 plum fabrication and delivery of gates, valves and mechanical equinr.ent other than r.%dinl crest gate. at an eatimated base cost of Rs 110 H. Jhoar 1S IM 137334 W-I -tI 3VM - FURFRZE marfnL mm I LINK OVW6IS hiel led Cost Table DMo Costs Toable 5hIncuiri Cant5tk.mieu IRS HiflimI (RS NHllian)Flv 3A/ 35/636/737/33OM6/3931 /1010/1 IM19219/3 3/14 Total 84/0 U ~ 36/87 67/36 88/9 89/90 10/91 91/92 9211 93/94 Total Rota, Cxch. TagRitat h.mt am2a22 =322 9222a IZm.I naga z XXVV ma, z*ga at,, rV222 gagII, M.ft-. V,,XW mu.r &-n;. ra-aMZ ama: Vegmas guar."maszar mauss "am gmat reacting a As CUIUIITION MUhUATON MAYAIIN l.t 2.4 - - - - - - - -3.5 W, 2.1 - - 4.2 Oil 0.15 0.05 co *IuLLI a JIINS 0.3 .- 0.3 0.4 - - - - 0.4 0.5 0.55 0.05 cm EAMIWILL 5.7 51.1 - - - - 16.3 6.5 13.3 .- 20.3 0il 0.55 0. 05 CM ROLOILL I FAdE M - - - -,6-.32.3 0,6 2.3…- - - -3.5 0.l 0.25 0.05 cv lbTotal ITRS 7.7 155,.3…. . . . .23.5 U ltS - - - -.3 -.523.3 2. UPILLimT OCAWIIC oil 0.2-.. . . . . . .0.3 0.l 0,31… - - - -0.4 eel o,15 0."5 CU 00 WAN s1u5im 0.1 0.1 - - - - - - - -0.2 0,2 V - - - - 0,203 0.f 0,25 0.051 cU Cust[ FAdIE 0.5 0.3…0.5 - - - ' 0.5 0,4…-- - - - - - -0.6 oil 0.l5 0.05 CU am 20 SDl 0,7 2S7…-3.4 Oil 3.4… 4.1 0.5 0,55 0.05 eV lbTubl IP1EVAY, 344,4 1,2 442…-5.4 3. LIER OWIES E1WT1U 57,1 33,1-55.919il5 40.0 - -67.5 0.5 0.l5 0.05 IV TNUFfTATJU 0tt fly…2,3 0ld 2.1…- --2.1 0.5 0.55 0.0 cU OWlSL FActis 1.3 3,1…4.3 1.4 3.8… --5.2 0il 0,55 0.05 cU MAb-Total LIM CIWIELS Ile? 43,7-62. 21.6 53.1-75,5 &b-Total CVPVRITIIN 27.6 62,?-90s 31.6 fl,6-509.2 It DhILIlI I.5 3.5…4.2 1,3 3.3…3.1 0.5 0,25 0.05 MI C. EIFNTh l 0. 5-2.4 0.7 2.3-2.1 0.5 0s3 0,J El Is EUI3UICAIIUI 0.3 0.6…0.9 0,4 0o?…5.1 O.5 0,3 0.5 co toO. CIER rnam OSTS Os? M, 2-3.4 0.1 3.4-4,2 0,5 0,2 0.05 Die F, INOIN RI AbIuhINuATuIat 2,4 5,5-7? 2.5 6,3-3o7 0 0.05 0 cA Total INK3TET COITS 32,7 76.6…509.4 37. 94,0…232,2 aM. m mammmme,gmmamaa..ainmmmast n.maV.ra, Mil a. ow mua.mam Vgmas Vessel saava mt_a cum" a TOtal 32.7 76.6-594 37,2 94.0…535.2 -mII mu. g.mmm. mamma mamum mmmm vmu.. urosm mumr maw- fat a.. ra- mamaw maman a . smem =mum rarm mew -rmg marma CH M IM 17116~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ M WIIVA U AOiNt - MT USxn ini mn NMi k4.iIl oi IA.!.^1 W4411A testib las. Costs ulTtah IltdI ti i,Unlnmin IN llillim) I milllion? i9. __,___._ .. . .............. _._ . . _...... . ........ ......... .... .........-.. .------------ .--- ne Fr# $M &Mrnsvu 64/35 NM i3 1/ 11/ 9n n H / 9I IIM 921J 91914 Total 34A5 M/ U MAY 7/1 119 19/ 15 911/911 1M 92/13 93mM Total laic [a. tax ie kumt 8.4 see 24111 as". "a.t s"l meet ag" ,8 IrfW r"sa @sm,j wCCSr" Smr" sogmg pat *wMrre ""r-r"ra l aal: 6"9 war 88111 *roo o-ls, W-82= gags--= I. IMwinD Lul A. CIVIL MS CIVIL VW - 3i3l,411.2 353.1 I3.3 3.6 112.3 *.1 - - I.0 237. 224.4 21.6 12.0 13.2 211.1 16.5 - -2t241.4 0.15 t,l 0 in ........... ........ ... .._... ... _ ..... _...... ___. _._____ hT id CIVIL MS -13.4 161.2 15331 304. 110.1112.1 .2 - - 0W.0 -237.6 224.4 231.6 172.0 143.2 216.1 16.5 -1,241.4 9. iUiPIEIi 0'. Ir E - m - - 1.5 5n9.5 51.5 19.4 1139.9 39. 29715 - 31.1 15.6 42 1.4 I02 1,220.9 225.1 173.9 4.7113.1 0.05 O5 0.42 To M r t_MrW . . . 22.1 - 176.4 - I.2 - - M2'5 - - . 29.6 - 2171. - 39.0 - - 345,7 0f 1.32 0.U ITr 31M1 IUIPIUI - . - 74. 41.6 22.4 3.7 24 - - 147 - - -202.5 7.6 36.1 323.2 21.6 - - 1.1570 0.O5 0.3 0.3 DE .._.___.___._........._ . _ ... .... ...__ ..... _ .... _. _ ._ ... .... _._ ........._ ..... _.__________ bTsI lUI hI2I 9 .M - 96.7 13.415 713 73*2 726,4 111.9 Sl.9 564 - 331.9 - 132.1 11543.2 11254.5 14324.7 13207.5 225.1 173.9 62M5.9 C.NlEIUIU MS AmlIHIIIIAlII - 38.3 122. 20.6 92.2 70.3 712.9 r 9.6 7,2 331.7 - 40 15. 26.6 133,2 110.2 122.3 10. 13.5 14.7 592.11 * * (A total INIIIIEI CIii - 524.0 11.1 29,9 12445 941.2 1.0 793, 229.5 17.1 S5,2.4 - 213. 20.2 390.4 1343.4 1 5071. 16143.2 M11.13 243.693.7 ,l13e,9 Tolll - 524.0 174,1 269.9 1.244,5 94942 / .0 2 . 75 1 5,152 4 - W6235 240.2 30.4 1,41.4 1,507.3 3643.2 1W4i1.1 2436 19l37 3ill. s3 833 Oman 33sas83 s3a3 3w room3* 3* .33 3333* 83.. --n.3*w r-rrr -' 3 W.1's -r. a* ... me 7-3* 8j1231 - ** STaS, 182 Jaar, 15 IM5 17117 IM I am RKLOW EtA - s UnV SV - n me ""CT kbulld Cost t*lr hi c"ts Cm Talust lIr Iudlr tCn enreis . ........ . (IS million) IRS HlillidnI PIn e4/ns / 5u/3 11/U U /if 3/90/ f 19/2 92/93 93/94 Tudal 04/35 351 U/S7 17/U0t/1f 11/T0 11/1I 91/l 92/93 93/4 Toal late [m fix eage AaUII magma uusia mamma amman mama 33333 38333 83333 mussS aims. amaa ama mci magma tsass macas assas amiss sans twae- OtS Tos m--i. mas.s *r*S . wSgmg I, IIPRSIIEI LUSIS __ ...... . A. CIVIL 5 - - M5.0 92.9t 134, 0.1 65.0 - - - 1444 - - 145 144.4 2ftS Ilt, 130 - - - 1.0 0.2 0.3 e cv le E,NIECRIK AO AIISNISrtaTIu - - 5.2 7.4 10.6 e.5 5.2 - - 3n.2 - - &.4 9.9 55.4 13.4 t.9 - - - 5q.1 0 0 0 IA total IMSIEINI CosIs - - 70.2 100.4 145 11554 10.2 - - - 5el l - - 109 151.5 244.4 211.41t.L - - - CIO0 iSXs SgSts SanSt m8gaS 2ams maYma s mai. S R-r *rai 2: sigma amass 22am ass m4a3u-r 3 ? Eis arW r*23 c s,n rcn cs- 4 Tautr - - 10,2 100.4 145.5 115,4 70.2 - - - 501.1 - -£00. 154.5 246.4 211.4 133.3 - - -54.0 1 mists annas maimts aSris mcis sgats igiss- Sit g8a3s iitts gamma gaaag ae 3j35 wrrr its: mar- ream cas _a * =-n _._._. ._ . .. . .................. . ........... ..---- - -- - ------------- - - ---- - - ----- - - - --- - ---------- - ------- ---------....-_- .Iawt 130 Im l71JI 6 co 1336 AMA RIVER DELOPENT - WUMAI SiWA Sews Ccl NIO MU MUCT CtlW 1hS POWE HOUS Detailed tost tblle Parreters past Costs Tfitals -l-------- Can -iis…----- (RS NIllim)l IRS Mll1ion M.. . ............................................. -- - - _ --- ------------------ Canl. Fuer. Mt ur 8l/l ss13r6 U3/7 87/N f/8 89/90 0/fl 1/f2 2/13 93/f1 Total t/Si' ISU U/17 37/36 fl/fl eS/90 N/fl 11/12 92/93 93/14 total fats Exch. tax Ealt kcmmt :22222 222Z 22:S V::::: s:::: :.:: ::::s ::r r :rr:: :.?::=:: 2:::: ::::- :r: ::rr- :; r -r::::::= - =:=: rz::r __: * asaar.- g I.1, TE13" COlST A. CIVIL $S CIVIL MIIS l3.3 20.9 62,7 9., 3J I, - - - - 190.0 15.9 27, 0 Not No7 53.4 3.4 - - - - 275 0-15 0. 0.12 CV ... ... _......... ............ . .... ........... . ........ ........... ...... ....... -. ---- --- ------- -----.. ---- ----- -- -. - -- __ -..---.. --- - __ - -- _ - - S31lo3al CIVIL CMI 13.3 20.9 62.? 5.9 32.3 1.9 - - - - 10.0 15. 27.0 6.0 39.7 I3.4 .4 - - - - 2n.5 1, EOUIPIENIII IUP O KMRAIES - 63.6 - - 127.3 127.3 121.3 146.3 25.5 19.1 66 - 74.9 - - 1916 207.6 224.4 274. 509 0.5 1165.1 0.ff 0.15 0.12 To MAINIIRANMOYMR5 - - - 3.7 - 29.2 - 3.7 - 36.5 - - - 53 - 41.3 - 6.9 - - 59.3 0.05 0.1 0.12 If OIHKI WUJIMlIN - - - 3171 45.2 46.4 .5 - - 111. 24.6 67,6 15.0 16.6 - - - 3,3.7 0.05 0.3 0.12 1f ..... .... ... ..... . .. . .. .._ ..... .. ... ._. ... ..... .... ... ...__. __. _ .___ StAS-Tuh IUlPICP - 63.6 - 23.5 172.4 201.3 136. e150.0 25.5 1p.1 791.7 - 749 - 29.6 A.?32i3J.3 240.9 22. 50.9 0.5 1309.2 C. EIISIIEINi6 Alt AMINISIEAtlOII 1.1 6.3 5.0 6.4 16.4 16.4 30.9 32.0 2.0 3.5 7ss5 3.3 7.6 6.2 3.1 23.7 rh.7 11.4 213. 3.9 3.1 120.4 0 0 0 A Total IIIE5i1EN1 COIS 14.4 93.3 67.7 ad,3 ?21.1 221.1 14717 162.0 U.s 20.6 IiO0.2 17.0 30.6 94.2 123.0 336.2 359.4 259.5 304.3 54.3 43.6 1s07.1 total 24.4 93. 61,7 36. 223.3 22. 34?162.0 27.5 20.6 Ii060,2 17.0 309.S e4.2 123.0 336. z359.4 259,1 304.3 51.3 43. 13.707.1 J.wa 15 3M5 31111 u~~~~~~~~~~Pte MWI AIV KW~ - J^A Cdlle CastI1i s , IN SUllen) 3 Floillin Ihw 14/fl N"U U/?7 P/N i10/1 11 11 7/01 9 1/ n2/93 e/14 f In /i l 1/614 Ull 07/U U/fl S71/91 "/?l 95/112 12/93 11/Il hil lite 1ad. fox ola, Actsu asia macm ama. gaim emae macam amga mma ama asgai m,'e m ammam mall Stimi *ranal, ciar# lama; mamma mamma mcmi, iliac aiim ratw &,enf .aacn,t mini As CIYIL MS - - - 1.3 2.1 2,7 7.6 2.0 -107 * . - 2.1 S. . 5,4 4,5 26,1 0.15 0 0,12 tv o. 1 3O5 C UCI,s I 24,0 40.0 50.0 15.0 38,0 119. 3111 70.5 4. 164. o1ff 1 382.5 0.15 0.4 0.12 IrC Cs ENIItEERINS An AMINISIRAIION 12,0 3.4 4.- 4- Is? 3 . 1.0. . 5,3 ),2 7.4 6.2 - 2.1 0 e o (A .....l..... ..... ...................................................................... ..... . . .. ..... .. . . ....* Total Il T COSIS - - 7 - 3 45.5 56,1 5446 42 - 227.4 * . - 44,7 1.N 10?01 lol? T20 - 432.r accac aimma aimas mimic smica *aim ma cii. S ees .... aimma fmia mini, imugi gilt; lr 1^; i, a lls Bls amiss Ital - I $0 - 7. 5@ 5. 544e 432 - 272Z 412| ')N IJ.1 109? 240 - 412.4 wssg ew g move 80.55 e s alss Sense trrr Bar"e It-Rg Iwr 41PR pssan WSasxs *segr WIT tstot *"144 Isr-3 alg%Seat s aX gas .............................................................. ......... . . -. NOTE s OKVl tK 1f t03 r0 It119115s11N lilill TO MONA111 Of SUJIAI IS lltttU0 AS PWI OF PIXCI MST$t . _. ._ . .............. ............................. ............. . ............................. ... ............................ ............ . . _. _. _............ Jaswarw5 IS. lS 17119 WWA1A miwi kY[LOIII - KWMA wIM WmO DM MI MIEN PO.CI h3a2Iw Cost libi, UNw co3ts lutlal Irchtidir tominime s ................ InS million) (IS Hillion) N 14/8l 6/S /B? IlU /U 9107 711 I 90/ 9 " 91/9W 92if9 93/94 totl 14/IS IS/ISI/l lS f llY /0 / St 199 WP/I 91/92 92/93 93/4 total #gil, Exc, tax pote Acceomi sa*Zl tamin utuss tusii s333s Eliza Samoa goa33 urrvr I?, 3t?P0 £trrt *.Dp "'am seats lueav mals, Itumop rrv.rt pro-An tut raud. 9448 Newm trw sann Al UIW I 3 1WAII113WU1 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 1.2 3.5 5 0.2 0 0,10 SI No LAND AIU3I3IIOII I KUI2LlAT30N 5,6 . . . . . . . . . Si 1,* . . 0,2 0 @0.0 LA C. IM16IM ONITIW E-PASS ItWlL INhKL EXMMTIII I LINING - 23,0 35,11 133..5 . . . 73,7 .30,7 53,6 21..1. . . 0.0 0,2 0,3 9,3 IV rANICAiimN 3 INSTALL SATES I IIIALMMIf - 1.4 3,4 12,-6 . . 4,4 . . 2,2 2,4 2.0 - - 5 0.2 0,3 Oil Co OTHER lI6LMO - 5.3 5.6 2I's 2I's 2.4 . . Us?,9 7,7 3,3 33,3 Ito? 4,5 . * .) 0,2 0.3 0,3 cv Wh-tela INIGATISO EYE-PASS nMLl - 26.6 42.1 26. 12.9 4.0 - - -335. - 38.4 6M.9 42,3 22.01 7.5 . . . . 373*9 t. VAOMI SAWTI OAM' FEIS... ..... ....U4,. . .... 43 53 ... .52 1, . 01 C F2MMt 01EIASVIhI VUI4. - . 2- . 3- . 2.9 - - - - 49.3 So 22. 24, 26. - , --3 - . lb.? *2 0.2 0eV anTiE V011S . . 1337 lie? 33,7 4.5 . - - 45.6 - 20,0 21.7 23.5 3.3 735 0.2 0,2 Oil LV k*-Tskl. VAIS UWIE UN 4.3 29. 2t 29.3 29.2 7.3 * 1. 5. 42.4 46.3 50,0 l3,d - 357,3 to JilLIlNhS Its li . ..... 3.6 2,3 2.5. . . . . . . . 47 0.2 0,5 0.0 r55I Fs EOUJIPINI 3 W li 1.5 1.6 2.... 6,5 - 2,1 2.2 2,4 2.6.. . . 94 0.13 0.3 0,3 [o Is COg,MICAItue 1.0. . . .. . .. 2, 2,3. . . .. . . . .3 0.2 0.1 O.$ Co HI 071313 iWMiIlN1 WBIl 4,9 0.9 0.9 0.9 09 0,9 0 .9 0.9 -e - 7.3 li2 2.2 2.3 1,4 I,6 3.,7 3.6S 2.0 12,2 0,2 0.35 0.90 02C Is EJUIKERINB I AiMININSJRAIUI 0.6 2,5 5,3 4.5 3.4 2,0 0.2 0.2 - - 3.2 0.7 2,8 7.3 6.0 5.0 3.5 0,30. I f 23,4 0 0 0 [A -.u.............. .. .. .. .. ..uu su 33 uu i. uuu .u. .53 ..... ... ... ... ..... ~ru#98 ..... .33 ... 8 .......... .tD .t... 388 JoIst 35.4 35,6 3~~~~~~~~~~~80.1; :?.? '6,0 33 2 0 3,0 - 257,3 39.0 47,0 335,1 9b 61.2 24.3 2,01 2.1 - - I.6 Jmwatu 135 39M 11120 WMM IUIt kftWIEMt - SJhAA wrtWOW1 5I M tOW macvX kalld Ctel lable Parawlers To lts lncludird .c..n....nciu. IRS IRS le9 Xllion) tfesuI un/I5 n5/3u 116/911 Il/N 1/1" / tto m /92 92/93 03/ faidl 34/S IS/3d id/ta W7/N /1113/" 1/90/ " 2/ IM t2/13 f3/14 Total hiO Cxch. fix late A4c ssass Xasw 111,11. .4828 w s ragass *a x assz 2XVISr awst 81a sw Sx. s:st*raw $1 321SZ22 :22s 88CES *a 899 *sw E *W a *LUR *sasx *-188 59118 4r.88499 6951t A. WJItl1S - 2,3 6.I 1o 2.7 1 23.4 - 3.3 7,7 2.6 4,1 - - -- 1 0.05 4,2 0 so go FUINhINI - 15.4 28,2 34.1 33.4 2I. - - - -1307 - f.ll 34.0 473 50,2 31.9 - 1- -2315 0.05 0.2 0 Co C. IMINEEINIS I AMINIS1INAII - 2.0 1.5 3.S 3.4 It.S - - - 31.3 2.2 4,3 4,7 5,0 29,5 -. 45,7 00 E A.0 ..., .... .... ..... .. . .. . ... ... ...! . . .. . . .. ... ... .... . . .. .. . . . . Taltl IMIhSIEIfl COSIS - 20.2 SI7. 39P5 39.5 31.4 - - - - 175.5 - 234 u.0 54,6 592 4I5 Wil - 247.0 Besa nea sests asamse nman assa sugarF gyro wrean I sren xoerrs exs gasxx sees aras vj" wwmvra rmaree reuse averd ttikeas Zg lotl - 20.2 37. 31.5 eS39 38.4 -- 175.5 - 23.6 43.0 54.6 59,2 4-.5 247.0 mss ama. msssw *saili oeSs, Iaves, fa Ps rw t axaxa smaza saarz assss *sErt rousefw-r v rmr, vasts, ruses gssxm *gtew Ja r 155 IM 115 121 lLlo 1361 'II '.Jr ..... ..... ............... ......................... _._._.._........... . .... . _. . _ __.............. ............. ......... ._...... _. .......... M8a3o 51* *:J Lila1 8A l 33333 3828J.9 JJi3w j831.5 8I.AJ.1 388.611 34 31s 3 1 wa38s mana3 3s333 33343 3 s3t. 33333 3a3e seem3 33333 I'll Olt ?It It 6'1 , '* l 'S Z'C ZO 6I tell 9 l* t all '1 t *'C IlI 6 1C PI 6 'C *t 9 'S Ill Exxta qwsJit &1:Ja7 sgiag iess tests adivit HWV.12 a: !X !V .. i 3 Wav" ht1 g1g stae ssex #*gas 8xll's asBltats asse .88 &*gJsa.. Bass. t'li i't tt'C i'i1 t'' t'S tS t' 6'£ tIi P I'I 6I t't ri' 6' ' 'i t'S 9't t'I PCISD1103AJ11Y5 1111 ll .-- ----- -----. .......... -----.............. --- -. .. ......... .. .... ................... ......................................... ... VI zo 3o 0 6.1£t Ot CIEC Olt III 6 t L I ii t ti I I 0 1 Et l 1 811 al1 III 1 ell Olt Olt T, 1£ Olt f tISISS W31N311 ' l - - ro I0 91 III li t I' 0 oC t0 Ot - - 10 0*1 III III 1 III l 0 IO So e ONINIV MCI-"q NI E0 1@ 0 ['t - - ' O0 0'1 660 * o0 ['0 - - Olt - - 1'0 e0 ?IO Po 90 CIO - - 311"1L " I NOIIVU3Jl NI IO rlo 0 ill - - - 90 O io £0 0 P0 CIO te 'O£ - - - ,o s10 CIO CIO sC O CIO NI I" IMIM c%I ONINIVU Y 61103 LWMIfI5 It 333.33 8333*3 33.13 83333333 33333 M11J41 88144 ma314*114jj * 14313 33l*33 go33316 a24-1 *38M.~6 14.1.* 83888 $*3 83333 383 33883 33333 38338 33338 33333 33338gme 1UM3'V &IlI 411 'PU] h)IV 11101 *6/ti Cited i6/16 16/06 W6/S dote Ollie M"/ N/Il SS/to 11 lt i/l OU l/Cl Ed/Id 16/06 06/69 68/00Ol 11/IL/N9 P9/c Co/to ofww ~~~(USIUIHI SW IWCIIIIN SNIl --................... .t1I1....... .103 PuII I 11101 11,03 ___, pallem~~~~~~~~~~~~~~le as3ll' *1PI 1103 P'1"I IU IA'- 3z/NI51SSV WJIIW:J I U iIWuI tmfrW on UWm 130N 13 IN WINl IMWI 5mm "ml11 ISIA -SAW"M Pm No1 Mu 61(1 140 ACw9S111011 I K9Vl.ilAtIIN hltell.d cotl 11.9. IRS p19ilion) in6 million) P11,1V 64/fl 813/8, 11/61 "it? W1 /61 11/11 11 /to " 9/92 *21Ut f.1 4 tit l 64/65 f g SIU ljjg U 67/U Mill 39*7 "/1I 111/72 72/73 93n/ Toltl 114 Itch. lix till kewsl ssa.a am.. ..a.. s..., assaa asrrr rosa rrne as sc as a u sag a8 s88 ar ssas 8 s4rr rra il, e*t*5 rlg rr iss ag 1 1 9J28353 UIt ShSUt 9 515555 ¶P.Oh82 S:la; A. LO I 9K1 ZIIIJ9111 IN 11*[% 03I A 943 4A361.5 405.2 26.3 2.0 - - - 9. S 10.1 5.6 46.2 53.5 41.1 3.5 - - - - 1349,6 0.1 0 0 LA 1. 1*. 1 - K3I1Einh(a I EN8I9L9 610IIOOIES __.. . .............. .. .... .... ................ UKIM. fIW6Il 1.9 1.4 3.3 4.1 - *.6 1.3 1.7 4.? 5..0 0 *o LMKIU tAI 0.7 f.i 2.1 2,7 - 6.4 6.e 1.1 2.9 4.0 -0. 0.1 0 0 IA 1961Y911. 5lWLOItK l39SA1106 9.0 13.3 11.1 7.3 42.6 10.3 1945 17.6 10.7 - 55,2 0.1 0 0 LA 01111 9169401116919.2 26.9 21. IS.6 - 9.9 7 22.9 3U .1 2I -3.1 - 119.2 0.1 0 0 lA otlat l StAff - KMutnti(9 W L9IAIII 91611(U 30.0 44. 4 4.7 271. - 131.0 34.4 55.3 43.0 43.1 - -- -- 4 C. 5194 11 - MShIrt4Xl I MIf LITAII Nl3011S . . . ___ ....... ..... ._ ..... soCIL Fr3s511 - 9.] 10.7 11.1 l. 1.2 - - - ' - 24 15.7 24,0 26.3 - - 95.9 0.1 0 I 'A LIAN.US 16LA3 -.2 7. 90.4 .5 6.6 - - 39,6 1.4 90,2 96,4 96,3 12.4 -u.1 0.1 0 I iA IS9U9NJw 1N^ i S NtKl 91691101 - - 22.1 24.2 32.2 3,5 29.4 -9-3-27.9 - - 30.) 34 Sl.l 62.9 4,4 2 220.5 0.9 0 0 lA i DINO I16II01 - 31.4 34.9 49.7 50,3 J3l. - - II6.0 - 42.4 5l .0 14J.7 59.4 13.5 0.9 0 L IA Ms16.141 6S7 11 - MNIIrtDh I 3W9 It8L9769 Mull - - 69. 71.1 161.3 112.6 U.2 - * - -1.S *4.0 112.4 1?0.4 194.2 127.5 - - AN6.7 1. 1SlAt9IffNl I 1111 1 U WIIFIN I 1M92.4 9.2 41.4 59.2 11.4 II.J 64, * - 152.1 14.1 11.4 tS.3 7?.0 21.2 99,6 12.1 - I 21 0. *.0 IA bIl.l 06199911 £0611 136, 940.r 52.2 362.9 947,0 916l 7n.o - - 9U.60 954, 925.3 7196, 62.6 233.4 291.4 940.3 * - - 2,496.4 fot 3 111.7 l0O.? 532.2 542i 947.0 126.1 75.0 * - - I906. 154l6 125.3 116.5 624.6 233,S 2974 110.3 - - - 21416.6 Csars 21SSZ Brt05ass s5as0 0 "85 30arr tsarr PrIs. frr7r s5am0 oSalCt5 s0330 r sgaussar rmits s*F58 Puis rrias rrtrss sass: saret t1ss.s ~~~~~~~~. ___................_. .. __ . ... ...... .................................... .............. ...... ....................................... ............ . . ... .._. ... .._..._. . ............ ... . .. ._ ....... *......... ....... JoAws IMa 9965 1122 INDIA NWIAM RIVER KWLOIENI- ItJtDh S9RP SM AR OM MAD POUER FROECT uma arcc ketamta by Year list Costs (Rs million) Foreim ExchwA .------------- - - -------- ...... ................. .. ...... ----_ ---- 94/95 95/96 U6/87 97/99 80/89 39/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total I AAt muscl *33Z3 3333x3 3333331 14monver nrtaerrs smrrrrr 333s33s 311s313 users rraw.... apsa * rrur*r If IIIU[lItII COSTS A. EY I IJSI1ATION 1.2 - - - - 1.2 0.0 0.0 *. INOCMOUISIIION I RlILITATION 142.4 100.7 532.2 562.9 147.0 126.1 75,0 - - - 1.664 0.0 0.0 C. CIVIL UI"S 400.? 381.5 1015.3S 1.115.1 95.0 875.9 823.6 5.l 266.0 33.38 464.6 32.l 2,118.7 o. IUILDINSS 3.0 47.5 45.? f.8 2.7 - - - - - 1009 1.9 17.0 t. EWUIFMNT 1. CONSITRTION 3.0 fill 10.9 Ill7 19.7 18.1 16.7 26.9 8,5 2.7 127.1 16.9 21.5 2. GENERATION TURN0 ENERATORS - 36314 - - 726,3 M26. 726,8 S3;S; 145.4 109.0 3,6331, 50.9 1,849.3 MAIN 1RANSORIINERS - - - 25.7 - 205,6 - 25.7 - - 257.0 72.0 15.1 CIHER EOUIflINT - - - 925 413,2 6483 294,2 14,? - - e45.6 33.2 297.7 1OERS, CONDUCTORS2 I MIOWE - - - 24.0 40,0 59,0 48,0 38,0 - M9.o 42,1 35.0 ..... . ........._ ......... ..... ....... ........ .. . _ . ... .......... _. _....... . .............. .......... ................... _. 9Su-Total GENERATION - 363.4 - 118.2 1243.9 1,041,1 972, t24.4 183.3 10Y,0 4,956.3 49.6 2M4O7. _...... -... --------.--- -------....... ----- -------..------- -------........ --- --------....... ------ &*-Tutal EDUINf(NI 3.0 37S.3 20.0 137. 12.263,6 O09.2 999.6 94142 191.9 111.7 5I0I3M 4 47,8 20428,5 r. C NIIMICATIORS 15, 27.6 29.2 31.2 33.4 19.6 - - - - 161,6 22.0 35.6 Go OTHER INVESTHENT COSTS 9,3 I4,4 12.7 24.2 24.2 24,2 22.5 22,5 29.9 3.9 167,. I. 26,7 N, ENo INEER ING AIMINISTRATION 34.5 67.3 66,9 104,1 181.0 174.2 1455 122J 3Mo6 23.3 967? 0.O 0.4 i. TRAINING 0,2 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 1,1 I.O 0,4 - - 6.0 90.0 4.8 Jo TECOHICAL ASST13ANCE 1.O 3.1 4.6 3.0 3.0 i.6 1.8 1.6 l.6 2.8 23.6 90.0 18.9 _ ........ . -----.... ---.. .... ....... ... .... ........ . ...... ....... .... ..... . ._. .. ........ .. -- - ---- Total 1ESTMNKT CO91S 613.9 1011.1 12737,5 149844 2,607.1 2W282.9 24039,0 1.U9.? 507,2 184,5 24,63.4 31.7 4,650,6 Total kASEItNE COSTS 613.9 1,08.1 12737.5 1*984,4 2.607,1 2.28,9 2,05940 1,669.9 507.2 14.5 24663.4 31,7 44650,6 thysical Continencius 0.5 100.6 201.1 2129. 212.7 195.1 166,1 120,4 46,0 13.Y 1,345.5 296 393,5 ,. .4 Price Contin*ncIn 21.4 122I 418.6 704.4 1113.2 1W3077 11433.7 10326.5 477.5 190.9 7o192,9 32.1 2J307,9 IC . _. _. ... .. ... . ....... ............. ...... ....... ..... .... .... ..... ..... ....... Total MIECI COSTS 721,1 2,2412, 2357.4 2e907.7 4M002.6 30774.7 3.65841 3,126,7 2,030.5 38Y.4 23,20128 31,7 7t357.0 I - xxxxx sxss saxa 3axsx1x x3333 333 rrr re3r33s m333333 s31r113 uauwtur frrel r&r.srrrr 333aw3 3s3s3ss3s Tam 26.4 175. 71.2 11295 613,3 59,2 622.1 6335, 142.3 9746 3,122,1 0.0 0.0 Forunm Exeha 81l6 3S3.2 4627 60.2l 12340,0 2,432.l 10320.8 12259.4 36494 133,8 7l357.0 0.0 0.0 Juir, ISI 1ms 17123 INIA nA RI VER I YS 0( M - 6WI T BNS imA mmNol FM" MilOe Sumamr kAccnts bh Year Totals Includins Continsencies IRS Hilliun) ------------------ .... ...... .... ....... ...... ......... ...... 84/85 95/86 86/87 87/S8 08/8? 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total sags. axxsx.m sa... uunusu asnamsU xrJru rr.jr IIrTioIrcr rrrrz.u ENxKEE s3ma3 *ZIrrxaI 1. IINJESTMENT COSTS A. SWWY I INVESTIGATION 1.5 - - - - - IS S LANI ACOUISIlION I RHABILITATIOI 163.9 125.3 719,5 82446 233,6 217.4 140.3 - - - 2423A6 C. CIVIL VMRES 477es 489,0 1v390.0 1,658.0 1,530.7 1,513.9 1.527#1 1,137,8 554.9 123.3 10,402.2 D. HUIJDIKS 3,6 63,2 65.9 2.6 4.1 J I M - - 139.3 Et EQUIPMENT t. CCISTRUCTION 36 15,7 14.5 31.l 33H9 33.7 3307 36o4 1945 6&6 22897 0 2. GENERATION TURBO 6ESERATIRS - 414.8 - - 1,067,2 5t549.0 tv225,9 1,496.4 275.9 219.4 b.B49,0 MAIN TRANSVCAERS - - - 34,7 - 324,8 - 46.0 - 405,5 OIHER EQUIPMENT - - - W27,1 735,2 l5l.0 33Ws7 27,6 - - 1034046 TOuRs. CONDIXERtS I HARIWIARE - - - - 39.1 70.5 94,? 96.9 81,3 - 382.5 Sub-Total GENERATION - 414.9 - 161.8 1,84145 Is655,2 1.660,3 15667o3 357.3 21944 74977o7 ... .. .. .. .. ..... ....... .... .. ....... ..................... .... .... ...... . . .... ...... . . Sub-Total EOUIPMENT 3,6 430,5 54.5 192.9 1,975.3 1W689.0 1#694.0 1,70J,7 376o8 226,0 80206.4 Fs CSNRUIICA1IIS 22.9 3407 36.0 47,3 50,2 31,9 - - - - 223.1 O. OTHER IN ESTMENT COSTS I1.S 19,1 17.1 38.4 41,7 45.2 454 49,6 24d7 9.4 301.4 H. EMGINEERIN6 I ADMINISIRATION 34.0 76.1 109.1 138,7 261,5 272,9 247.5 223.0 71.1 27.3 1463.1 1. IRAININ8 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.6 I.S 0.6 - - 8.2 Jo TECIUICAL ASSISTANCE 1.0 3M4 5,4 3.8 4.2 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 32.9 .. ... ....... ....... ....... ..... ..... ......... ... ....... .......... .... ....... ...... ......... ...... lotmi INWESIIENI COSTS 721,8 1.241.9 2,337A4 2#907.7 4,002.9 3,774.7 3.659,9 3,116.7 1.030,8 399.4 23,201,S Total PROJECT COSTS 725.9 1,241.9 2,357.4 2,907.7 4,002,9 3,774.7 3.659,9 3.156,7 1s030 389.4 23,201.98 pangs BanSan ansUwas ZJaRsur *gxx"sa gananx as-aarr arga:trt toluctLA wau rtan etstS i _J._______ _ .__________ _ _________._. 1.._.__._._._... 0 muzum._a...._,__urn..__,___.___ . _a&awwu __ _UZCz .._. Jmnuaru 15. 1995 57524 liD ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ ................ .. ...................................... ............ tlosi 1181111 $f~~~~~~~~1111tN 'illnw 9'O441 L'L *Lt'Lur -.1S 6, 11,- 0K sld61 4'Ut fon - r'elief' *lti i*@n'tSI M lJqJXJ W i3J till 6*1 BUZZ - - - - -- - - -- t--- - - ------- - ---- t --------- -------------- ---BI--'t ------ ilt--- cm e* 6,1IfiI't mitil f9 ci - irrel si/c tO? iict tlil 'l Ciaral 6I;apJIU;) 3 03i 60 0 t3ttlf' lIn- t - -IPI'E PIT 4146 - iair lOt1 6000 SIIIl 113 13133MI4 IO'l £4-1111 *n' 91t %,iLl - it -litt tiN'll siK iltfl' 0101 Vlt'S6 lSaIN IVNJI13WI ltisl *i ** ig 11,11- -- - - - - - DM3151it W3t110t31 If 0*0 i # 1e -0* - #I?- - - - - - - NI3jV3j 33 O@6 IS S9 - -IIIf I.1 - I'9l Ilk (i'l Iltf 4i~ 114£t Wliticvisitl* I *mi331i143N IN I'f Bat *jl - - 11 - T.(- iIf 3lifl SIslO LNIWIINI 31430 1 liD ll Il4 v'1 Il01 3 ---- ' ~ P Sl1mhIvitw'am2 *s 0" ItM 1SI P'FN'S - 1- 043Lt - I31 t tll aloofdtIUIM 3't'1-911 S*Lfl I's f156Q - --- I6 £*IAL - - ifr - - N1tihluIflj l'tOPl-q VEt 091 11,"I 111,- - I alI 3 - LtI - IllCN3ISdtU i30 L I 's r;Biip if9 -- 163 - SNl 91143m ki19n I'vil NQ1~~~~IB3ulIu3 *3 Cit ILl aNt - - tit - 9t - - - - - - - it 9344 193111196 6~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~11"111 1 4i43 j 91 - iI £0 it 99 @0u0 ~ f' jf tlo 1 Is3 £193 Set t'; im i - I's - ---*IilvlItUtN I EttIlifIrn 411111 33 .-S 3f la 13,fl3iis ....3333 nn nn f...ew. s..ans....3*3sa..it.i Jea**. ....a.... &..333333333a33..5.3 33333333 ..1333333 33*33331 piq it'tf *hPltI MJ jUjjj 339 3(545 $Bimei 913311 399105 3114 ?,W3 .19034 10mG ff9 MEW WIltUNS - IRISISI W 113903301303M V Ow M Si J19,-f I WipllO UNlS&'33l 193mw) 303633 NIW 11431411 1431 11331964 si~~~~~~~v3mn 011un 1131133 13Iwuig- sfo04 3A1433 WmA WriSE IINvm 211316 WA AI[I kWLOPECNT - IMAJAT SAMSAWAM mm MO tat MVIT project Cbwflts by Year IRS H211m1) Total lost Costs ..__ ...... ._.~ .... _. ......-. ----.- -.... -----.-.-.--.---------------- . ...................stl 64/15 65/6 U1/7 17/1 16 /39 89190 90/91 W1/ 92/93 93/94 RS Million A. MIN m 413.5 IU I 770.0 K57. 730.1 no.0 734.5 6U.9 305.3 6U0 5419.2 455.6 3. bOWILL SUM I LINKE UWNS 32.7 74.0 - - - - - - - 109.4 9,1 C. IEUMI POhIEU - 524.0 174.1 29.9 1.244.15 941.2 m71.0 793.2 129.5 7.1 5,52.4 42'.4 t. IAUhEUK 17 - - 7t.2 100.4 145,5 115.4 70.2 - - - 501.0 41.3 E. CANWAEA NIOUSE 14.4 92.3 07.7 3.$ 221.1 221.1 147.7 W12.0 27.5 20. 2060.2 MO] F. aTRAMI5ION2f SYSTEB - - - - 27.3 45.5 50.9 54.0 43.2 - 227.4 1119 U. '/lIM SlLE Wt I SYE-f,ASS lU1 15.4 3510 30II 62.? 4t.0 13.2 .0 1.0 - - 257.1 22.4 N. HlM0(TEORL0 IC.L NETCK - 20,2 37.1 31.5 19.5 38.4 - - - - 175.5 14.6 It TRAINIIN I ycCiMIi. ASSISIWE - OM 1.2 1.0 5.3 4.1 4.1 2.9 2.S 2.2 l.e I.6 29,0 2,5 J. LAND AMCUISIiIIN I RIIMILITAlIOI 236.7 100.7 532,2 562.9 147, 126.1 75,0 - - - 20805 140.1 l11ll 30512.2 COSTS 113,9 12018.11 737,5 U91.44 2407.1 2,261.9 2.05 l.016.t 507.2 3.slS t14663.4 222. rvsialc Cntiilniscln' 60.5 100.1 20.1 I21.9 2212,7 165.1 IU4.I 220.4 4U.O l3.9 2.345,5 112.1 Price cantlindles 27,4 122.9 416S6 704.4 IIB3.l I.J07.7 12433,7 1,320.5 4,7,5 190.9 7,1fi.9 5Wit4 Toltl VIOCT COSTS 721.l 1,241.9 2,351,4 2,607.7 4.002.9 3,774.7 3,656,3 3,16.7 12030.3 339.4 23,201, 1,133.5 33313 5733 333318-;, 3334,33; .sa1331 #33333 3.1134. t58 3334333383.8383 311333 3333333*a:ax Taxe 29.4 175.1 71.2 12.5 6733 569,2 62221 U35.1 141.3 37,6 322.1 2U0,2 Fotwin Excham 813. 353.2 462.1 W0IT, 2340,0 1.43i6 12320,1 2,259.4 364o4 ,4336 7.3570 023.J -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- --------- ------- -----. Totals IflCudira Cmtniluctclc (Ill million) /S 3/6 U627 U 17/ U1/1 3/90 90191 91M 92/3 *3/94 Total Z$l| g "a"$sas $lgs lgg ."N'$%. ... .Jga ...VW%W As MAIN WI 40.5 227.1 2,034.3 1,250s.4 2.24718 21309,0 12343.5 21m25,4 637.1 146,7 3,663,6 to ROWILL D1 I LIEK O IS 0ws 37.2 4.0 - 13102 C. bIINU I JSE - 022.5 240.2 390.4 ,348.4 12507.61 1,13.2 1,411.1 243.0 19.7 6olito9 i. CA S If wu - - 100.9 156.5 240.4 211*4 138.6 - - - .'1* E. C tEA3 FOUMS 27.0 10.4 94.2 1226.0 3362 3b9.4 . 259.5 304.1 54 43.6 12707,211 F. tmI Is2CU SYSTEM - - - - 44,2 79o W0IT 109o7 920 - 432f6 I. IWMI SlUltE 1 I 13-POSS AI2ll 11.0 47.0 115,1 "1, 32,2 24,3 2,0 221 - - 3811. N. HNYllt OKlOIItCM KIf l - 231IS 43,0 4.0 1.2 2.5 - - - - - 247.0 It 1)1112N111N1G I ltk ASSIS2IMU - W I I.2 3.9 6.2 52 5.7 4.3 4.4 3,6 3.2 3.4 41,2 J. LM ACQUISIUION I I BILITAlION 2I5. I3S213 7258.5 24.6 233.0 227,4 140.3 - - - 2,41,e6 Total iioicr COSIS 72121. 241.9 2,357.4 2,907,7 4,002.6 30774.? 3658.11 3.226,7 1,030.3 38.4 234202.3 Januatw 25,g"mg 1a965 27220 *" asfi *"|2|l ar a F al ttx aar," Jn 15,1 M 17124 INDIA VAMAl RVER DE VELOPMENT - UJAUTI SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POVER PROJECT Estimated Regurrent Oneratiog and Maintenance Costs (Rs Millions) 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Investment Schedule 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 388 (with Phys. & Price Contingencies) Accumulative 722 1964 4321 7229 11232 15007 18666 21783 22814 23202 Investments Operation & Maintenance Rate/Factor v0 0 0 0 .001 .002 .003 .005 .005 .005 Total Estimated Annual O&M Cost 0 0 0 0 11.2 30.0 56.0 108.9 114.1 116.0 v/ Based on a rate of 0.1% of the cumulative investments at initial operation in 1988/89 and increasing to 0.52 at full development in 1991. ID4 H -99- IllIIA Table 19 MARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - 6UJARAT Sardar Sarovar Dam nd Ponr Project Sharing of Project Costs Amnag Party States (Rs Million, in current prices) Fiscal Year 84185 85/96 86187 871/9 99/09 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93 93/94 Total Co>mpent…-- -- -- -- main Dan 491 217 1034 1250 1149 1309 1344 1285 637 149 9964 Lnd Acquisition/Resettlement 157 125 719 825 234 217 140 - - - 2417 Yadgm Saddle Das 9 23 55 47 39 12 1 1 - - 197 Irrigation Bypass Tunnel 10 24 60 51 42 13 1 1 - - 202 Rockfill Dykus & Link Channels 37 94 - - - - - - - - 131 Riverbed Powerhouse - 622 240 390 1948 1508 1663 1411 244 194 9120 Canalbead Powerhouse 17 110 94 128 336 359 260 305 55 44 1707 garudeshuar Weir - - 101 157 246 211 139 - - - 854 Transmission Lines - - - - 44 80 107 110 92 - 433 Hydroaet.orological Netwrk - 24 48 55 59 62 - - - - 247 Techn. Assist.& Training (D) 1 4 6 5 6 4 4 4 3 3 41 Total 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 309 23202 Total, in USS Million 66 113 214 264 364 343 333 283 94 35 2109 Functional Shares Power Component 405 985 1453 1968 3275 3023 3004 2549 750 323 17635 Irrigation Cuponent 317 233 856 985 668 690 6S5 567 281 67 5320 Other 0 24 48 55 59 62 0 0 0 0 247 Total 722 1242 2357 2908 4003 3775 3659 3117 1031 3N9 23202 States' Shares Madhya Pradesh (all power) 231 567 840 1079 1882 1739 1712 1453 427 194 10114 naharashtra (all power) 109 272 404 518 999 932 911 698 202 97 4823 Rajasthan (all irrigation) 17 19 60 68 52 52 34 30 15 3 350 gujarat - poaer 65 163 244 313 539 499 481 408 120 52 2993 Gujarat - irrigation 300 220 809 931 631 653 620 538 266 63 5031 Gujarat - subtotal '65 383 1053 1243 1170 1152 1101 945 386 115 7914 Total 722 1242 23S7 2908 4003 ;775 3659 3117 1031 389 23202 States' Relative Shares (in 1) Madhya Pradesh (all power) 31.9 45.7 35.6 37.1 47.0 46.1 46.8 46.6 41.5 47.2 43.6 Naharashtra (all power) 15.1 21.9 17.2 17.8 22.5 22.0 22.2 22.1 19.6 22.4 20.8 Rajasthan (all irrigation) 2J 1.5 2.5 2.3 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.5 Gujarat (irrigatimn and power) 50.5 30.9 44.7 42.8 29.2 30.5 30.1 30.3 37.5 29.5 34.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 -100- Table 20 INDIA SARDA&R SAROVAR DAM AND POWER COMPLEX Estimated Disbursement Scbedule (US$M) IDA Fiscal Year During and Semester Semester Cumulative 1985 2nd 6.3 6.3 1986 1st 10.0 16.3 2nd 18.2 34.5 1987 1st 25.0 59.5 2nd 25.1 84.6 1988 1st 27.0 111.6 2nd 30.0 141.6 1989 lst 25.0 166.6 2nd 25.2 191.8 1-9-0 l:t 25.0 216.8 2nd 25.9 242.7 1991 1st 10.6 253.3 2nd 10.0 263.3 1992 1st 9.5 272.8 2nd 9.0 281.8 1993 1st 6.1 287.9 2nd 6.0 293.9 1994 1st 3.1 297.0 2nd 3.0 3U(.0 -101- Table 21 INDIA SARDAR SAROVAR DAN AND POWER PROJECT Loan & Credit Allocetion Cate&ory Loan Credit __-US$NA--- Works 184.405 92.310 452 of expenditures for 5 years and 15% thereafter Training 0.470 0.23D 100% Technical Assistance 1.800 0.9OO 100% Hydrometeorological Network (a) Works 1.499 0.735 70% (b) Goods 8.491 4.165 100% of foreign expenditures, 100% of local expenditures (exfactory cost) and 70Z of local expenditures for other items procured locally Unallocated 3.335 1.660 Totals 200.000 100.000 -102- Tab le 22 INDIA NAMADA RIVER DEVELOPNENT - GUJARAT SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT Pri9ritv ListinI of Wgrk Plan Topics of the Narmada Planning Graou Priority Study Item or Tolic 1. Resettlement and rehabilitation plans, including suitable financial and institutional arrangements 2. Watershed management (with assistance of GOI, GOMP, and GOM). including development of an "Aforestation Plan" for reservoir and adjacent area to achieve higher production base and improved environments (e.g., reduce sedimentation, etc.) 3. Study of project-related computer needs for planning, design, project management, e.g., information management, procurement, scheduling, and other related needs 4. Management information system requirements (with 3 above) administrative, planning, design, procurement, scheduling, and general engineering data retrieval systems 5. Communication -nd operational control systems plan (with 3 above) 6. Projectwide manpower requirement and training programs plan -103- Table 23 Paste I INDIA NARNADA RIVER DEVELOPMET - GUJARAT Incremental Azricultural Production A) By Volume Future Future without with Incre- Present proiect Proiect mental ........... ........ ~0D tons.................... Foci Crops Rice 49 61 515 454 Sorghum 115 134 487 353 Pear millet 230 277 653 376 Wheat 181 250 1409 1159 Pigeonpea 36 41 56 15 Other pulses 35 41 152 111 Total 646 804 3272 2468 Cash Crops ustard 13 15 75 60 Groundnut 56 67 310 243 Vegetables NA NA 1793 _ Tobacco 40 55 109 54 Cotton, med. staple 135 199 1057 858 Cotton, short staple 227 265 61 -204 Fruits NA NA 1269 - Fodder 2502 2977 4677 1700 -104- Table 23 Pare 2 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT Incremental Agricultural Production B) By Value a/ Future Future without with Incre- Relative Present proiect proiect mental Increase .......... -00 tos................ Food Crops Rice b/ 115 143 1208 1065 748 Sorghum 190 221 756 535 242 Pearlmillet 356 429 1011 582 136 Wheat 335 463 2606 2143 463 Pigeonpea 112 128 175 47 37 Other pulses 123 146 457 311 213 Subtotal 1231 1530 6213 4683 306 Cash _rops Mustard 59 70 346 276 394 Groundnut 218 261 1206 945 362 Vegetables V* 1543 * Tobacco 203 281 556 275 98 Cotton, med. staple 717 1053 5601 4548 432 Cotton, short staple 930 1087 250 -837 -77 Fruits * 952 Fodder 313 372 868 496 133 Other crops SI 202 233 639 Subtotal 2642 3357 11961 8604 256 Total 3873 4887 18174 13287 272 aJ At projected farmgate prices (1995), in 1984 rupees. bJ In terms of paddy price and production. cJ Includes vegetables, fruits, clusterbean and non-specified other crops in present and future without project; castor, condiments/spices, sugarcane and other non-specified crops in future with project. -105- Table 24 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT Rexional Changes in Averaze Net Farm IncomeCrom rop roucion Increase Future with- Future with over over ReAtion Present out project proiect Present FWOP ........s..R per ha of net CC&.......... (Z) (Z) 1 1166 1403 8147 599 481 2 1733 2310 8744 405 279 3 1034 1246 7158 592 474 4 919 1040 2224 142 114 5 1683 2054 8123 383 295 6 1256 1598 8432 571 428 7 907 1021 3923 333 284 8 1080 122.2 6535 505 435 9 1073 1212 6762 530 458 1O 925 1048 6101 560 482 11 950 1142 3257 243 185 12 868 979 6533 653 567 13 984 1118 6196 530 454 Average 1097 1325 6401 484 383 -106- Table 25 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPHENT - GUJARAT Proiected Channe in AveraRe Incomes and Land Rent from Crop Production Increase Future with- Future vith over over Present out project project Present FWOP ........Rs per ha of net CCA ......... (Z) (Z) Farm Familv Income Gross revenue 2163 2727 10046 364 268 Non-labor cost 732 966 2594 Interest aJ 63 84 225 Labor bJ 490 629 1305 Farm profit & rent 878 1048 5922 575 465 Family labor c/ 219 277 479 Net farm income 1097 1325 6401 484 383 Value Added Net farm income 1097 1325 6401 Hired labor income 271 352 826 Net value added d/ 1368 1677 7227 428 331 Land Rent Farm profit & rent 878 1048 5922 Risk allowance e/ 649 818 1507 Management fee fJ 23 23 442 Implicit land rent 252 253 4857 1827 1820 Project Rent (Incremental land rent): Rs 4604/ha a/ On working capital, at 13% p.a. over average period of 8 months. bJ Hired and family labor, at is 7.5 per manday. cJ Imputed cost at Rs 7.5 per manday. dJ Farm profit/rent t family labor income + hired labor income. @fi nlul w 111 INDIA NHA&ADA RIVER DEVLOIDHENT - CUJAU MATER bELCIIEkI MD LAIA4CE FROAECT Esilsaledi IIcur,ent Oe'nalt In. HnI,naaen c and In,Eli Ccci (sl IRi111imI ............................................................ ............................................................................................................. ...... ..... ........... . ......... ...... .. ..... ..... ............ .._.. ___ 1995-199 1997 I998 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 H99 199 1 Iff 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006-2034 .. .............. ..................... .... .... .. .... ... ............. ................... ....... ......... . ............ ................... .. .. ............................................. ....... ._ ............. . . IfPlECMWIATIOi SCIEILE fin iWos,nd hal . ........... ......... .............. ..... Not CCA Vak Cowltted - - 9.0 44.0 101,0 172.0 269.0 388,0 521.0 i80.0 861.0 104170 1213.0 1419.0 1605.0 1729,0 1851,0 1370.0 - - Not CCA Irrisated . - - - - 172,0 269,0 388,0 521,0 i6O.0 I66.0 1047,0 1233.0 1439.0 13,0 1729,0 18J53.0 1670 -- ESTAILISH1fNT COSS _................. ProJect Office - - O.l 0.1 o.l 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.S 0,6 O. 0.9 1.0 I.I 1.2 1.3 1,3 1,3 Iceional Offices - - - ' 0.1 0,9 1.4 I,. 2,1 2.8 3.2 3.8 4,2 41, 5,2 5.4 5,1 54 5.4A 514 Me Div. I Dist. Offices - - 0.2 0.3 0.6 1,3 1.9 2.4 3.2 4,5 6.0 4.t 9,2 9,9 10,8 II's 11. 12.7 3ll,h 11. 13.5 Division Offics - - - 1,6 5, 10.,9 21.6 32,4 4,2 51.0 6413 75.6 6,1 97,2 l0i.0 129,1 J29,6 129,6 129,d 129.6 129,6 Disiricl Offices - - - - 7,6 16.2 32.4 54.0 75.6 97,2 IU,S 140.14 162.0 179.2 139.0 205.2 210,2 21332 213,2 211.2 210.2 Iock Offices - - - ' 544 16.2 32.4 413.2 54.0 64, 75.6 92,9 101,0 124.2 140.4 15d,6 173,2 115,O 11 5, 1i5., 185.i Plant Oerations - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0,2 0.2 0.1 0.3 014 0.5 0.5 0.5 cOI cATlIOIIIS/CNlRIa COSIS H ... ... ....... ... ...... ..... valer tCnvvance - 1.0 113 1,6 13. 4.9 4.9 7.5 9.7 1H,2 11,2 14.9 37.5 20.3 20,1 22.4 22.1 22,1 224 22.4 22.4 90 ILIE IUINIIEIUIIC COSTS ...................... Conisiclive Use Veils - - - - - - - - 0. 0,3 0.9 1.6 2,t 4.2 6.0 6.0 10.0 13.9 133. 14,0 Draan. V.33. - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.3 0,2 O.3 0O. 0.6 0.9 1.0 3.3 1.2 . ... ....... . ... ..... .......... ....... ......... .... ... . ...... . .... .. . ... ..._ . ..... .... ... _ ..... ._._ ... .. ._._ .... ._ - ---- -- .. - ___._ lill a1t Col - 1.0 1.5 3.7 20,7 49.9 94.2 141,0 61.3l 234.6 284,2 335,6 319s3 437.7 476.5 536.2 575, 5U,5 569.3 593.1 592.2 CIEROT COSTS ......... Coei1catios - - - - 0.3 0.3 0,2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0,7 0.9 3.0 1.2 1.3 3.3 113 133 113 Conjnctive Us WVls - - - - - - - - 0.4 2,1 6.3 11,9 19.5 30.1 44.1 58.9 73.9 Mil 95.6 103,0 Drainage Veils - 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.9 3,1 5.0 7,1 9.5 13.31 14.0 1514. 316 Saurasitra rnch Litt 0 - - - - - - - - - - 69.5 304.2 125.0 390 I397,0 339.0 139.0 139.0 Kutch Oranch Litt - - - 2 - - - - - 2 3.6 4. 4.0 4.0 4'0 4.0 ........... ............... ................ ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ....... ........ .. . ....................... .... _.... .. ..... ....... ...... ...... . ---- ------ Totl l neriw Costs Ot Os . 4 Oi Ott .. , ..n^ * , 2,1 7,t 14,5 93.l 1IU, 111,0 212,4 .230,0 215,1 255,1 2Ui1 ......... ....... ............ ....... ....... ....... ....... ...... , B .*sggSslsttsXsssstlXsa ....... ....... ....... ...... ....... .... ....... ....... ........ zg .... $a.." ... S.... z ......... TOT. NNAL N 091 COT 3.0 3.5 3.7 20.7 50.0 94.3 141,3 388.3 235.5 283,0 343.41 403.9 530.3 623.5 713.1 ?88,3 9l6,6 634.9 646. 656. . ........ ........ ............. ...................................... ......................................... ................................................. ............................ , ..... ........ . . ............._ . _. ........... _ _.. best0or 19, 3984 10125 I I-4 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT Economic Cost and Denufit Streams PROJECT COST (Rupees fl llions) PROJECT DENEFITS NET ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- BENEFITS Year Dam and Power Irr-igatlion ToLal Power Irrigation M I J Water Total Reservoir Facilities Facilitiuu Sanefite Donefits Benefits Benefits 1 400 409 153i8 997 - - 0 -997 2 216 5069 743 2029 - - - 0 -2028 3 959 1060 1391 3410' - - 0 -3410 4 1066 1123 1725 3914 - - 0 -3914 5 830 1693 2073 65b6- - - 0 -4616 6 (326 990 22S6 40(o0 - - 0 -4080 7 772 1099 2505 4374 - - 0 -4376 B 590 762 28I2 4164 - - 0 -4164 9 302 98 3021 3421 - 159 18 176 -3245 10 123 100 3391 3614 3237 445 16 3700 0b 11 62 26 3404 3492 3935 1001 34 4970 1478 12 52 26 3285 3363 3809 1b95 34 5530 2175 13 52 26 3070 3156 3651 2511 110 6280 3124 14 52 26 2986 3064 3470 3537 191 7206 4142 15 52 26 3266 3344 33A7 4625 191 8183 4839 16 52 26 2525 2603 3345 5494 191 9030 6427 17 52 26 2215 2293 3322 63E11 191 9894 7605 10 52 26 IE317 1895 330u 70C1 504 10965 9070 19 52 26 1676 1756 3205 7990 504 11067 10111 20 52 26 1547 1625 3272 13816 584 12672 11047 21 52 26 149?1 1569 3260 9772 504 13656 12047 0 22 52 26 1407 1485 3248 10573 504 14405 12920 If 23 52 26 1367 1445 3236 1099G 949 55580 13735 24 52 26 137S 1453 3224 115314 949 15407 14034 25 52 26 1303 1461 .3213 11455 949 55617 14156 26 52 26 1390 1469 3142 1156b 949 15657 14189 27 52 26 I'll' 1491 3071 11.58 949 15567 14107 28 52 26 1409 t497 5000 11664 1306 15970 14483 29 52 26 1417 1495 2929 11739 1306 15974 14479 30 52 26 1424 1502 2050 11013 1306 15977 14475 31 52 26 1436 1554 2707 155& 1306 15979 14465 32 52 26 1422 1500 271b. 11947 1306 15969 14469 33 52 26 1449 1527 2645 11940 1631 16216 14689 34 52 26 1375 1453 2574 11976 5b31 56181 14728 35 52 26 1304 1302 2503 11974 5631 16108 14726 36 S2 26 1304 1392 2432 11972 5b31 16035 14653 37 52 26 1304 1302 2361 51971 1635 15963 1450l 38 52 26 1304 1382 2290 11909 1930 16129 14747 39 52 26 1304 1382 2219 11908 1930 16057 14675 40 52 26 1304 1382 2145 11908 1930 15906 14604 41 52 26 1304 1322 2077 119.0 1930 15915 14533 42 52 26 1304 1302 2006 11909 1930 15844 14462 43 52 26 1304 1382 1999 11910 1930 15938 14456 44 52 26 1304 1392 1990 11910 1930 15030 14445 45 52 26 1304 1302 1903 51910 1930 15023 14441 46 52 26 1304 1302 1975 11910 1930 15015 14433 F 47 S2 26 1304 1382 1967 51910 1930 15907 1442 ci 48 52 26 1304 1302 1959 11910 1930 15799 14417 49 52 26 13u4 1302 1951 11910 1930 15791 14409 ,H 50 52 26 1304 1382 1944 11910 1930 15784 14402 I Present Oo Value 4102 5704 17745 27552 11136 19167 1506 31811 4259 (dt 12 / Internal Rato of Return,i 53.2% -110- Table 29 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT - GUJARAT Economic Evaluation of Sardar Sarovar Proiect by Functions Present Value ERR (Rs billion) (X) A. Single Purpose Power Project /b - Power benefits 12.43 - Costs: Power facilities 5.02 Reservoir 4.10 Total 9.12 - Net benefits 3.31 14.9 B. "Add-on' Irrigation and M&I Project I£ - Benefits: Irrigation 19.17 M&I water 1.51 Incremental Power -1.30 Total 19.38 - Costs: Irrigation 17.74 CeH/weir 0.68 Total 18.42 - Net benefits 0.96 12.4 C. Multi-purpose SS? (as proposed) - Benefits: Power 11.13 Irrigation 19.17 M&I water 1.51 Total 31.81 - Costs: Reservoir 4.10 Power facilities 5.71 Irrigation 17.71 Total 27.55 - Net benefits 4.26 13.2 /a At 12% discount rate /I Hypothetical alternative, without canalhead poverhouse; no pumpback operation; no Garudeshwar weir. /c Includes benefits and costs of canalhead powerhouse and of pumpback operation at riverbed powerhouse (veir) INDIA NARWMDA USIN PROJECIS lom R itO" zOz lordt- a il~~~~~~~~~~li M4I M01 6f, £0 * I | M A D H Y A P R AD a ~~ I iFl* * * I^|sY."S.fI _ ,A.. * 0~~~~~~~~I 0WRI !Ii~II~I I I I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ II M A D H V A P R A 0 1 $ H~~~~~~~~~ NARMADA GUJARAT WATER RESOURCES PROJECT Dam and Power Complex Implmentaolon Schedule M 14413 lw 1-- I"? 4"s mg I ma t g4n - - H_H 1# . . 11M I 4 i fi t > a ~r g 0 g I t 0 I/I I L IGWSI PAW OAM A POW CO Mg 11a 1 11c111 ar" A 11 Ae d cM I &* F O *1 _ c*AvAo -w cu 1 g P~~~~~0 d/e Fal wrn w-:570 _ NARMADA GUJS AT WATER RESOURCES PROJECT Itmp4mnpllbon Schedule COMYUANCE, DlSAIRUITION AND DRAANAGE DEW&OP'MANI _W 194 twa tu m t99 9"? 994 99Y 1 9 199m 1"9 Om9 Om if" 999" 199 9999 20a MU 7 O 7 3 7 I 2 | 19301v^xn )P} 90 MAIl{ 9MB t)* e^ I~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~n h.. a* 2 5)4 - 1 ''(1 4}C C1.MAIW~~~9999~,'O-J9A1) BC )29 1)...e^sX....... 4 -i:44 wC ko. Ia --U. *fl.l9lVBfrg 3I.n - - I. Io'tn. .B k ^X I. 61-.. 8&,s,',u t._ ____ - I rI I 911.61 bC-txJ. N 'IO IQ M M I 3949V " n 0 2 k l r l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~w~..~a Me bl0.229 A Cnl9 | | | U P MC bin 31. Cwa CIt" &{{_lsz I -|-I. -- | * 3 -' I I I gnPt 11f33@91.hi1. l - == = = - I I _I o , As 1>4 v..h * * - = = A |mm |iu at |I | o Xia Co*ol.ft &Cow a I I1-1 AI9AVAlB0x9*.1 l 1 3 N9 aF 9.t,9_i Fla3c9... ( - CaWP5pf lc- 1 1 DISIRIBUIJON, DRAINAGE. GROWNDWAIER AND COMMAND AREA DEVELOPMENI I'ROGRAMS PRXI- VAICLM - 1 T 1 1Ai i - I9Bdd!4il^bS*b@Ulo |I |I III I1.h6ilbCO *I-,91. 1S Camh(94 L1miq | | = I 9.1 |_ l30i "MAX. Woo. I SLAX{= f =1L zA A== U~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C LU A - /A lt-cnC-xTA&W .|!sss t allcl .Itls ItvSb+.1....9.LiAIh..J 9MA* W VM....._ I C It _ ~ W~ =1z~~~~~4-.-.4---~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ I - IA92~~~~~~11A. k.'*y ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 19k S.n.C9J N.CusIw ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ wAufiX-711 SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER PROJECT Probable Maximum Flood of Narmada River at Sardar Sarovar Reservoir 180000 ... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... . . Inflow 160000 140000 ....................................... ........... . ...... /kA ,I _ w0 ss 1200000 10000. -p 9% 40000t 20000 i 9l (36 48 0 72 84 9 Ice 12U 132 144 156 h -1.15- Figure 4 _ t _ _ _ _ _ __ _ - 11_ -1 -1 _ __1 _~ _. 11__ ____ g ~ ~ ~ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ -_-_ _ _ __'' - % - 1 1- 1 - -1 -- i _ - -- -______ ______ _____ _____ ___ 1 _ _ z ~ ~~1 1 __D__________11 g]~~~~~~ 11 = - I hg | 4BQ~~~~ I lE: _~~~~ 2 't .. ? _ 7 <3 ||| E _1 UK I I _AMD (IU-ARAT >|I[ itmm$ *fltcal .141 Us$ " IIIg ~ ~ aCRIENiICICUE aN W1A L -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~vs - " " - - III Ill DailIflAt tai N.; iii him L : aflWinU5* W~S li*SSSSIU.u . inni itinsul. laloiv Nlm Iniii fi'ii ii IIlDamli m1 del-- lvi it title0g0 aI derltihol 1}1,1 ItIIth&I ~ I .. -IAS L~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ivi Wttk If I,A - IL -- r iIIhslst1s5 Si issijl it I; A hI4l 51Pasii 59ls lSOsA IkIhtiIPIiIItIi tPNPlhSfliWtH StN AslIl It5464 (sll tC ttOi i(4*hi..lis *iII.ltW*tUSlflItCIlIIlNsI I IllIlIwIt~L - - - -til.tl -lAt -slis -otl -Nti - sNtAci-s t-tilAh1.4-OI 5 NIWt 4(ADNSAOttlhh DlltIiiIl hM IIt(l5 ll 51 'l151ls t II (ItlithSSINiS ilII101 WlIIt C csnh.an i- fIts scuulilANctiI 15 Iblif 11t Ih15i55ltI tttfltI lIsI p 151. IlisO*lIsAI5lIsSlItiA 1t5155 ISilict*UORI I AtlltCl ll.IliltItlt51&ilEtNlttt I IlsssII tttlllIl54.11 llq lS"55lllSti 111INs15515 * INasIti ssif 54i .tI iaNrt1041)t51*.I54 i4111is ilsi511PS e ltCtIItIl illIJlJION* 5151I1*f fROCURIM91 1S1 CiiULE fof CIIL WCM5 ca1l^t 1, ^ ,WA _ HIN DAN DAM , NARMADA (CUJAMT) I . 2I II,i H - -- __ , u - 1 - 1 12 botal,tBPII iiusdCIIPtH I[c 39 AAtUPO I I- - - - - - - ST AfMAISA - - - APORAItAAL AC_TUAL - - _U_ A LA -- - - -- . - e -aX-A.aa.*z3m _ ^AI^"A' . . -A . S m = - Mm -== - *AIA£gA1. IL~ MI(IMISl ACAN W1.) P Q WIISI-.I A sIiAlUl& tPISPAAI tIAUtl&AAII,AIIISC WdI.I I I,AIA IIPMIIA.lf lU@IC£tAI^.S A^J'IVI AIPVfiV AIS I .Ip."IRUISitIA ll SA0ASIK lSI5.1101UL AAOSAAIUAIO1eA,ISft, I IRA.WII {SDSIICAI.I AD.O@.ISAIA£JIIb I.).A Sl AIllP.SSWC AIIIs COWAIIVIS10Cgl 3. IMAAIAIII SIXAAIACBISAbIA ID"*^ 10 £ I CA CISMAIC AU HIUICII t p6,4IAAt^ W* .105." 1 15 II C(*tIIA.IA ASCA,SlI Sd local cOS0tiI e £ X| A2CAAAzeDtl e ScStA@tRoII3IA A *IL 1.tl IIAItA.1 501 II CAAIAAlHU lUllCl 10ISISg 501)10 ' O u£AD£A01AIiAIAI10ICI9\ - - Total Economic Cost F~~~~ I-',,,, --== 13000 _/ X,# ~ ., \S H \\\ J/ O E ~~~~~F 2000 o 5 1 0 1 5 20 25 30 35 Proj0t Year Narmada River Development - Gujarat Projected Water Use in Gujarat from Different Sources (Cumulative) 18000 Private Groundwater 16000 with project only with 8& without project 14000 PG; L 4J 12000 / E o From on-route rivQrs H D3 10000 b 8000 6000 From Narmada River for irrigation 4000 2000 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Project YQar Narmada River Development - Gujarat Buildup of ProjQct Benefits Re Million 16000 14000 - 12000 - - ------------------------- 10000 8000 / o *¢@**@&@@*^ Power Benefits / ------" Irrigation Benefits 6000 ------ M&I Water Benefits -/ ,' "Total Economic BenQfits 4000 - },.~~~~ . . 2000 0 5 1 0 1 5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Project Year Narmada River Development - Gujarat Total BenQfits and Costs over Time RB Million …- --- - --- - -- --------- a---- 16000r= 14000 12W0 00 10000 / . . ...... ... . M Total Economic Coat --------- Total Ecormic Banefits 6000 J , Total Not Benefits 4000 - 2000 -2000 -4000 -6000 p . . . .... . .. , . I a a a . 1 . _ * 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5so Project Year SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ECONOMIC RATE OF RETURN X X 12 - 111 Ba - - - - - omldBrbto lhaf 10 o o 70--- a -6 7- 5 40 - - - - - - - - - - - F 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 433 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 7 8~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 8178 101123145 16 17 lB1 ERR (X) ERR al) RELATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION C- -- - *mormal distribution with same mean and standar'd deviation an sample) t P A K I S T A N S * > QBANASKANTHA1 Plonpuor _'A ~ ~ ~ I K U T C H ,X - - - Mohsona GADHINAGAR.,! Gand7=idh .> -- % - ' >SUkEN~~~%DRANAGAR / ~~~~Surendranagar-. OJamnagar KHI Ro'kot~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~,Bo JAMNAGAR {AKT R{ o g-- = Porbandor C' '' - ' Li/ .iunogot~ii ^ AMRE LI 'BHAVNAGAR - OJunzgodh r% JUNAGADH Surat AMRELI? DIU N Voisoc DAMAN: Tf wh en- mrdP red b The Woro BaWs sr& t vhsv or a cnenc of ;r, VW s ands 8Sexckvs for bl Wer"nr use of The eb O* aw m wwworn fiunce Corparon The drw,lbons used snd Ihe tbowdes rm on Is nV w do nor Y, mo te pst of The bl Banr* and ti &titwka FPec Cavomra. any parM on tw legcl starls of an trrior a. nwsn rit or accw nce of such bourtwes IBRD 17691 JANUARY 15 4 INDIA NARMADA RIVER DEVELOPMENT-GUJARAT 1,01 < 8COMMAND AREA KANTHA1 I PROJECT ONGONG COMPLETED Polanpur "I Dam Sites -/s) . ) 5^sF <,., \ v Major Commond Areos .~~~ - - ,; ,;-;0o MAHE A,NA -I ' Proposed Main Canal Proposed Branch Canals ._ .Mohesono | motnagor National Highways >I SABARKANTHA - S---' Selected Railroads '-A' 97 S r , z Selected Towns IC -~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~Rivers - 1._'Afim Rann of Kutch go t /f -- X- - District Boundaries , --5t,> ;et !> * Dohod- State Boundaries PNCHMA HALSNJod O --- Internationol Boundories S / ~ ~KH- A/Y F R =>g! <4;E * tt MA DH SYA PRA DESH - - I- r ' - -- - - -- ; car Sre GAR / - A R U C H ILOETERS 0 40 00 120 f / . . g o0 20 *0 60 s0 ~' Surot -* -- - >- - \ : < MILES , /,. ,., t-~~~- S^URAT ,0? r 'DANGS- 9 F < ~~Alwo , 0 PAKISTAN .8'0 No VLSAD P ,. BANGLADESIV41 _-P. - Gu,orof1 '- y DAMX _ g + r --- ,) |~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~ N D I A 2 ,- -,S\ .- - -' .---; K ~~~~~~~~20 - rO 80mbey -10- ' ,. 10 SR I LAN KA 70- 90' 74- 76O I N D IA 0 100 200 0, 100 20,0 NARMADA RIVER DEVELC KILOMETERS BASIN PROJEc PROJECT: RJ3 Sordar Sarovar Dam Site 4 Main Canal j Branch Canals , To (De C- Proposed Dams 4 * ? ___t---Main Canol Under Construction - - 7;- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 710 A0~ WA tRA XY ir D \ v ~HA HMATI vS * \ / GAAahesana3 EHA | /< \ @*/ /Hirnalnogar . ,,1. 0 !~~~~~WTA WAKA . RCANAA / Ahmedabad 22- _ ? JOSAJT ( _4AA W n PAAVAAf<04 T ndnore Vod/daro 5 _/ _ __ ELEARJANEO \rD 'OWfR/ \R r~~~~~~~~~JAP .O_d J NAA`ADW.N SAAR 0 R .~~~~~MAEH A 7- Bhoruh R - c._ 7 SA ~~~~~~~~~~~BD CHH07A KAKRA-PA,9\ --S /s B -~ . o A kholo - 8o °n7bay ? 74e AAAH MXASH I R A 760 780 ~~~~~~~PAKISTAN :A \~....J Area oh Mao BANGLU - :A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I LOPMENT- GUJARAT NDA AJECTS EXISTING: Arobicn Bay of I c-21- Dams j Se - Rivers and Streams T (f_j Basin Boundary N National Highways | SRI LANKA State Highways | J - . . Railroads d o Principal Cities | ± Airports 8.0 State Boundaries International Boundaries T*O Bhopal I AAPA - -; - -- :_ - --~ Jabolpur itK / I # J B _PARA --r KOiAR,:K asm~pr -.- rR ARGI __RGI - H os \ACAR WA - . ROSRA 4 TAWA SHAKXAR ~ ~ ~ BASA HN4A AobAi -V E5/ARE WA _' - I -ASAVA NAR 0 ,!- _ MORANe _ _- / , HAtOS - bil AZIV S: GAA/yMId B _ | z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*'OHB r_Rw AIVIARI - - JI I / = Ths mao has been wraWed by The World Bani s staff exc*isAetV for the conveni,ce of the readers and is excksvely for the ,nternal use of The World Btank and ie htfernabonal Fn,ane Corporation The d0enoarnatbons used and file Vouniddnes shown on ths mnap do not imnDy,. on the part of The WorVd Bank and the Infernabtonal Frinance Corporation, any pudgmenl on the legal status of any ternlory or any enclorserent or acceptance of such boundaries 780 80- JAN IBRD 17692 INDIA 1191~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DIA f_ I Ar , NARMADA RIVER DEVE LOPMENT-G UJARAT ,NDIA h- SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AND POWER COMPLEX ; Head o . *eef iReJ '4.^Regulolor . \ ) ,~~~~., i, -''.1... Uv-i.-- X;. '. . .. ' r"-i (5--~ ~ ~ ~ ~~.. V- ->; . ;-C--},}D-,,, o e ; s 'd \''-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/ "*.. .;'t'^,. -2|1 5-_- .J. .-' . -/; 11, Spiliway \Ponc_muli 3 AIC \ ,/ty-Ju7 {\- - I o' IZ7 -2oS \ *~-~ 0 >t @ 21* v'fl- -.---- 5atdr Srovr Dc Conolx -- - 4-,1 oor aoo - Rsevois,Pods,on ^ isl leLbosrIndi 1111 M ain Canol Head '_ROkfl Das123nd Rvr_ Gvel Bed Ailbr D,a__ Site ]J]M. Cana|l I *- -_ & _ .........Aces R d(adsscns Tun) 'Iokf- D.ms12.3ond4 ReG l Bed Ak. 'C b1rrdCr-4. 0' to .0w .o isto tow -.o _ ft *5-*1 ,O*5R StN it I.rCaCapw.e. to ~.o. 510616 - oo St.' -Dom0.Siten Spllay50 f. QBAu Ln