E- 256 VOL. 8 VIETNAM-SANITATION PROJECT HAIPHONG COMPONENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN December 1998 EAS JAN26 1999 RECEIVED SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P8yry Group THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF TH E REPJBLIC OF FINLAND VIETNTAM Haiphong People's Committee Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Department For International Development Cooperation VIETNAM SANITATION PROJECT HAIPHONG COMPONENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared for: Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company (SADCo) Prepared by: SOIL ANO WATER Jaakko P6y,y Group In association with: VIWASE: Vietnam Consultant on Water Supply, Sanitation and Environment EASUR DECEMBER 1998 JAN 2 6 1999 ILCEvED Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage SOIL AND WATER Company (SADCo) Jaakko Poyry Group 1 Ly Tu Trong Street, Haiphong Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Tel: (84 31) 8232533 Design Proj'ect Fax: (84 31) 841072 27 C Dien Bien Phu Street, Haiphong Tel: (84 31) 822948 ---- Fax: (84 31) 822949 ~- -S), .,X.I > Dr. Nguyen Ba Can Mr. Antti Nykanen Director Haiphong SADCo Team Leader Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXCECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND .............................................. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ............................................2 1.3 PROJECTDESCRIPTION .............................................3 1.4 PRESENT ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING .............................................7 2 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ............................................ 10 2.1 GENERAL ............................................ 10 2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND DECREE ............................................ 10 2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ............................................ 11 2.4 WORLD BANK GUIDELINES ............................................ 11 3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................................. 13 3.2 DRAINAGE ............................................ 14 3.3 SEWERAGE ............................................ 17 4 MITIGATION MEASURES . ........................................... 18 4.1 GENERAL .............................................. 18 4.2 MITIGATION MEASURES DURING DESIGN PHASE . ........................................... 19 4.2.1 General Design Instructions ............................................ 19 4.2.2 Drainage Design Instructions ............................................ 19 4.2.3 Sewerage Design Instructions . 21 4.2.4 Public Hearings and Awareness .21 4.3 MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION WORKS ...22 4.3.1 General ............................................. 22 4.3.2 Noise, Odour, Litter and Dust ............................................. 22 4.3.3 Health and Safety ............................................. 23 4.3.4 Traffic and Transportation Arrangements ............................................. 27 4.3.5 Working Time and Site Arrangements ............................................. 27 4.3.6 Public Relations ............................................. 28 4.4 MITIGATION MEASURES DURING OPERATION . . .29 4.4.1 General ............................................ 29 4.4.2 Operation and Maintenance of Sewerage and Drainage System .................................... 29 4.4.3 Sludge and S eptage Treatment ............................................ 32 4.4.4 Landscaping of Channel and Lake Banks ............................................ 32 4.4.5 Public Awareness Campaigns ............................................ 32 4.5 SUMMARY OF MITIGATION MEASURES . . .32 5 NEED FOR INVESTIGATIONS ..4...................... 4 6. INSTITLTTIONAL SET-UP ..............................35 6.1 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS OF THE PROJECT . .35 6.2 MISSION OF SADCO ..36 6.3 OPERATIONS AND TENTATIVE ORGANISATION OF SADCO . .37 6.3.1 Head Office .37 6.3.2 District Offices .39 6.4 PROPOSED INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT . .40 SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component i Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 6.5 TRAINING ................................................. 42 6.5.1 Training during Design and Construction Phase ............................ ................... 42 6.5.2 Training during Operation Phase ............................................... 43 7 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ................................................. 47 8 MONITORING PROGRAMMES ................................................. 48 8.1 GENERAL ................................................. . 48 8.2 PRESENT MONITORING ................................................. 48 8.3 MONITORING DURING CONSTRUCTION WORKS ................................................. 49 8.4 MONITORING DURING OPERATIONS .................................................. 49 8.4.1 Lake Channel Water and Sediment Quality Monitoring ............................................... 49 8.4.2 Monitoring of Sludge and Septage Treatment ............................................... 51 8.4.3 Hydrological Monitoring ............................................... 51 8.4.4 Summary ofMonitoring of the Project ............................................... 52 8.5 MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT ......................................... 53 9 COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION AND MONITORING . 55 SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Pyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component iii Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan List of Tables Table 1.1 Components and Benefits of the Proposed Project Table 4.1 Summary of Mitigation Measures Table 6.1 Proposed Institutional Development Investments Table 6.2 Training Budget for SADCo in HPWSSP 1999 - 2000 Table 6.3 Recommended Training Programme Table 8.1 Proposed Analytical Parameters of Rehabilitated Channels and Lakes Water and Sediment Monitoring Table 8.2 Proposed Monitoring of Sludge and Leachate Treatment Table 8.3 Recommended Monitoring Programmes of the Project Table 8.4 Indicators to Monitor and Evaluate Progress towards Project's Development Impact Objectives Table 9.1 Project Cost Estimate Table 9.2 Estimated Project Costs Table 9.3 Estimated Investigation, Monitoring, Training and Public Awareness Cost List of Figures Figure 1.1 Project Area and Location of Main Components Figure 6.1 Sketch of SADCo's Tentative Organisation Figure 6.2 Principle Organisations of a District Division Figure 8.1 Proposed Sampling Points List of Annexes Annex 1 Water and Sediment Analyses in 1995 and 1997 Annex 2 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Inpacts of the Project Annex 3 Proposed Sludge and Septage Treatment Annex 4 Proposal for TOR of Sludge Treatment Study Annex 5 Preliminary Implementation Schedule SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component iv Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan List of Abbreviations Organisations HPPC Haiphong People's Committee SADCo Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company URENCo Haiphong Urban Environment Company WSCo Haiphong Water Supply Company HPWSSP Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programnme MOC Ministry of Construction MOF Ministry of Finance MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment MOSTE Ministry of Science, Technology and Enviromnent DOSTE Department of Science, Technology and Environment CIU Component Implementation Unit PMU Project Management Unit TUPWS Transportation and Urban Public Works Service WB, the Bank The World Bank FIDIC Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseil Other EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan PIP Project Implementation Plan RAP Resettlement Action Plan SIPE Supply and Installation of Plant and Equipment TA Technical Assistance O&M Operation and Maintenance Phuong ward SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko PKyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component v Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Objectives of the Project Vietnam 3 cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong component, is part of the sanitation project proposed to be financed by a credit from the World Bank. The objectives of the project are to: reduce flooding; improve environmental conditions; promote self-financing (user pays) of sanitation services; and the development of SADCo as an efficient customer-oriented organisation. The project will address flooding by rehabilitating primary combined sewers, drainage channels and flood control systems. Environmental conditions will be irnproved by: rehabilitating secondary and tertiary sewerage in phuongs, construction of septage treatment facilities; dredging and disposal of accumulated sewage sludge from flood retention lakes and intercepting sewage flows to them; and the provision of a credit facility (revolving fund) for household septic tanks. Self-financing will be achieved by the phased introduction of wastewater charges and SADCo will be strengthened through the provision of technical assistance to improve management capacity and procurement of specialised operation and maintenance equipment. Technical assistance will also be provided for construction management. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared in the beginning of the Preliminary Design Phase of the Sewerage and Drainage Design Project in September - October 1998 and revised in December 1998 at the end of preliminary design. The EMP follows the World Bank Operational Directive OD 4.01 Annex C. Mitigation Measures Environmental Management Plan consists of mitigation, monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during design, construction and operation phases to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them or reduce them to acceptable levels. The plan also includes the actions needed to implement these measures. The EMP helps to ensure that the proposed environmental actions in the EIA are in phase with the design and rehabilitation work. After discussing and agreeing with the project design engineers, the recommendations have been translated into a practical and action oriented EMP. :Environmental matters have to be integrated in all the design work and planning of the project. The design of the different project components will be carried out taking into consideration relevant environmental standards and minimising adverse environmental impacts on human and biophysical enviromnent by appropriate planning and design. The designing has to be done by minimising the adverse impacts on enviromnent using as much as possible existing facilities and selecting the location SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component vi Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan of new facilities in areas where the disturbance to environment, people and existing structures is the smallest. Where possible existing rights-of-way has to be used rather than create new ones. All construction works including to the project will be implemented following the appropriate standards, specifications and working methods given in the Contract Agreement. The General Conditions of Contract according to SIPE and/or the Conditions of Contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction given by FIDIC will be followed. The Contractor has to implement mitigation measures described in EMP and Contract Documents. SADCo has responsibility to carry out all operation and maintenance work using proper methods and avoiding noise, odour, litter, dust, and traffic nuisance during the operation. The same health and safety instructions as during the construction phase have to be followed also during operation phase when cleaning of sewers and channel and lake dredging. Sludge and septage treatment area has to be separated from other landfill activities. Special attention has to be paid to health and safety instructions. Mitigation measures are given separately for design, construction and operation phase. Summary of mitigation measures is presented on the following table. Phase Main mitigation measures Responsible organisation Design - Intemational and Vietnamese design criteria and standards Design to be used Consultant - Access roads designed to minimise need of resettlement Design - Works designed to be implemented during dry season Consultant Construction - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions by Contractor good operation management and site supervision - Appropriate working methods have to be followed Contractor - Sites have to be kept clean and safe during and after the Contractor work - Safety and health regulations have to be strictly followed Contractor - Protective clothing and operational training for workers is Contractor essential - Transportation has to be minimised and routes selected to Contractor avoid public nuisance - Transportation during rush hours and night has to be Contractor avoided - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge has to be Contractor used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances - Construction sites and time has to be informed to the local Contractor people in advance SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component vii Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan O&M - Appropriate training for use of equipment and for regular Equipment operation has to be arranged Supplier - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions by SADCo good operation management and site supervision- - Appropriate working methods have to be followed SADCo - Sites have to be kept clean and safe during and after the SADCo work - Safety and health regulations have to be strictly followed SADCo - Protective clothing and operational training for workers is SADCo essential - Transportation has be minimised and routes selected to SADCo avoid public nuisance - Transportation during rush hours and nights has to be SADCo avoided - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge has to be SADCo used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances Mionitoring The monitoring is mainly based on the Environmental Standards of Vietnam. The proposed monitoring programme is preliminary and will be clarified during the implementation of the project when the final extent of each component is known. The sampling and analyses of water, sediment and sludge monitoring has to be carried out by experienced authorised laboratory hired by SADCo. Type of Number of Frequency / Phase Needed Responsible monitoring samples equipment organisation Safety during lot During the work / Contractor construction Construction Safety during lot During the work / Gas detector SADCo olperation _ operation Desibel meter Lake and 9 in lakes 2 / year SADCo / Hired channel 6 in channels operation laboratory Sludge and I raw sludge 2 / year SADCo / Hired sewage 1 treated operation laboratory Leachate 1 from pond I / month SADCo / Hired I effluent operation laboratory Groundwater I borehole 2 / year SADCo / Hired in Trang Cat operation laboratory H-lydrological lot I / day during dry Water level SADCo Monitoring season / operation gauges I I hour during rainy season / oper. SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Viemam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component viii Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Implementation Schedule It is anticipated that the project would become effective around August 2000 by which time all the documents and approval procedures are ready and contract signed. Construction would start in 2001 and is likely to be completed 2004. It is proposed that civil works will be procured in three ICB packages and vehicles and equipment in one ICB package. Procurement of the work and goods would follow the World Bank guidelines and for consulting services Finnish regulations. Cost Estimates The total project cost including investments, construction management and technical assistance (including duties and taxes, physical and price contingency) are estimated to be in January 1999 USD 41.164 million of which 1.50 million USD for revolving fund. The mitigation costs is estimated to be roughly 24 % of the base cost Estimated investigation, monitoring and public awareness costs are as follows: Type of Investigation / Monitoring Cost USD Payer Sludge treatment investigation 9,000 (lump sum) Design Project Lake and channel monitoring 15,000 - 20,000 / year SADCo (O&M) Sludge and leachate treatment 5,000 / year SADCo (O&M) Training (1999 - 2000) 135,000 (lump sum) HPWSSP Studies, advisory and training 2,111,000 (lump sum) Project TA (1999 - 2004) Public awareness 20,000-40,000 (lump sum) HPWSSP SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yIy Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 1 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Vietnam 3 Cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component, is a part of the sanitation project proposed to be financed by a credit from the World Bank. The Feasibility Study for Haiphong Component updates the sewerage and drainage components of the previous Feasibility Study (1995). The Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Department for International Development Co-operation has agreed to provide funds for the consultant services for the preparation of the Haiphong project, as a part of the Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (HPWSSP). A team from Soil and Water Ltd, Consulting Engineers has carried out the Feasibility Study and will carry out the design phase with the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company (HPSADCo) and the Vietnam Consultant on Water Supply, Sanitation and Environment (VIWASE) as sub-consultant, responsible for drawing preparation. In 1996 - 97 Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (HPWSSP) prepared a Sewerage and Drainage Development Plan for Haiphong. The development plan elaborated strategic guidelines and some preliminary designs for sanitation development in Haiphong. The plan includes a Priority Project Proposal comprising a preliminary project proposal for the World Bank financing. The following reports have been prepared during feasibility study phase November 1997 - April 1998. - The Feasibility Study Main Report for the proposed project includes the problem analysis, formulation of the project objectives, identification and prioritisation of the project components for immediate implementation, as well as the institutional and financial assessment. - The Background Report comprises the review of the current situation, including the technical, environmental, institutional and financial aspects of the sewerage and drainage in Haiphong. - The Environmental Impact Assessment Report includes the assessment of the potential environmental impacts of the proposed project, and a recommendations and proposals for mitigation measures. - Outline Resettlement Action Plan describes the resettlement policies and strategies and gives preliminary information about project affected people. - The Project Implementation Plan discusses the implementation of the proposed project, including implementation arrangements, implementation schedules and monitoring. Supporting documents prepared for the feasibility study include: Analysis of Drainage System Hydraulics in Haiphong City, January 1998 and Drainage Operations and Maintenance Feasibility Study, December 1997. - SOIL ANO WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yiy Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 2 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan The Feasibility Main Report and Project Implementation Plan (PIP) have been revised in August 1998 and Environmental Impact Assessment in October 1998 and at the end of preliminary design in December 1998. Outline Resettlement Action Plan was revised in September 1998 and Resettlement Action Plan has been finalised in December 1998. On the request of the Govermnent of Vietnam, Finland has provided assistance in the preparation of the engineering and other studies and detailed design of the water supply projects in Haiphong and Hanoi, and has now extended this support also to the Haiphong component of the sanitation project. The Government of Finland is financing the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Design Project. The purpose of the Project is the completion of the preparation of Haiphong Sanitation Project to a state adequate for securing finance for its implementation. According to Draft Project Document Design Project of Vietnam: Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component the results of the Design Project outputs are comprising preliminary and detailed designs, bid documents, updating reports on environment, resettlement and implementation, and draft Terms of Reference (TOR) for the technical assistance required for the implementation of Haiphong Sanitation Project. The Preliminary Design Phase of Haiphong Sanitation Project started in September 1, 1998, and Detailed Design Phase will be from January to the end of May 1999. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared in the beginning of the Preliminary Design Phase of Haiphong Sanitation Project (lB Project) in September - October 1998 and revised in December 1998 at the end of preliminary design phase. The EMP follows the World Bank Operational Directive OD 4.01 Annex C. 1.2 Objectives of the Project The objectives of the project are: to reduce flooding; improve environmental conditions; promote self-financing (user pays) of sanitation services; and the development of SADCo as an efficient customer-oriented organisation. The project will address flooding by rehabilitating primary combined sewers, drainage channels and flood control systems. Environmental conditions will be improved by: rehabilitating secondary and tertiary sewerage in phuongs, construction of septage treatment facilities; dredging and disposal of accumulated sewage sludge from flood retention lakes and intercepting sewage flows to them; and the provision of a credit facility (revolving fund) for household septic tanks. Self-financing will be achieved by the phased introduction of wastewater charges and SADCo will be strengthened through the provision of technical assistance to improve management capacity and procurement of specialised operation and maintenance equipment. Technical assistance will also be provided for construction management. SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 3 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 1.3 Project Description The proposed project will be mainly a rehabilitation project and the main emphasis will be on the cleaning and repairing of the existing network and drainage channels and improving the environmental condition of the lakes. The existing system has to be inspected and put into order before decisions of further major construction works are made. Rehabilitation of Combined Sewers and Drainage Channels will comprise: (a) cleaning, inspecting and rehabilitation around 70 km of major combined sewers, including provision for replacing 20 km; (b) constructing around 3 km of new combined sewers in critical areas; (c) constructing 4 km of collector sewers to bypass flood retention lakes; (d) rehabilitating some 6.2 km of open drainage channels by removing sediment, repairing shoreline structures, and constructing access roads for maintenance; and (f) repairing 8 sets of tidal gates. Improvement of Environmental Conditions will be achieved by: rehabilitating 100 km of sewers in phuongs; dredging accumulated sewage sludge from four flood retention lakes and rehabilitating hydraulic control; safe disposal and treatment of around 100,000 m3 sediment from lakes and channels at sanitary landfill; and the construction of septage lagoons to treat septic tank sludge at sanitary landfill. The proposed credit facility would enable the estimated 50 % of population who do not currently have a septic tank to build one, thereby proving primary sewage treatment. Institutional Strengthening will focus on support in implementation, corporate planning, operation and maintenance, customer relations, training, future investments and supervision of construction. An operational program for regular desludging of septic tanks will be developed and implemented. An important part of the credit provision for septic tanks and septic tank management will be community participation and assistance, focussed at the phuong level, will be provided to develop a participatory demand-based incentive-driven approach. Specialised equipment such as sewer jetters, and desludging tankers will be procured for operation and maintenance. Procurement contracts should include maintenance services by the supplier to reduce SADCo's need for in-house maintenance facilities. The main components and project area are presented in Table 1.1 and Figure 1.1. SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 4 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Table 1.1 Components and Benefits of the Proposed Project (Feasibility Study Main Report August 1998) Element Benefits 1 DRAINAGE la Cleaning, inspection and Benefits from reduced storm water flooding: rehabilitation the major existing - Risk of faecal contamination of water supply combined sewer network in the urban facilities is reduced centre to reduce flooding - Occurrence of water borne diseases is reduced - Damage to road dressing is reduced - Disturbance to traffic is reduced - Increased property values and property tax payments - Inconvenience of flooding is reduced - Attraction to investors will increase lb Construction of new combined Benefits from reduced storm water flooding as sewers in critical areas to improve in la. functioning of the existing sewers; elimination of blocked l closed outlets Ic Construction of new collectors Condition of the most heavily polluted lakes is (diversion of organic load from the improved: lakes) to reduce pollution of the - Improved water quality in the lakes regulating lakes - Reduced smell and other nuisance - Improvement of urban recreation facilities - Value of lake side properties will increase Id Rehabilitation of drainage channels, - Easier operation and maintenance improvement of hydraulic capacity - Benefits from reduced storm water flooding by dredging, partly concrete lining, as in la rehabilitation of tidal gates le Rehabilitation of lakes improved - Easier operation and maintenance environmental condition, clean lake - Improvement of urban recreation facilities banks, improved flow conditions - Value of lake side properties will increase If Sludge disposal and treatment - Reduced environmental pollution disposal of sludge in environmentally - Reduced operation costs at landfill site sound manner, utilisation of sludge in landfill operations 2 SEWERAGE 2a Rehabilitation of sewerage in - Benefits from reduced storm water flooding phuongs improved collection of is as in 1 a wastewater, reduced storm water - Increases community's sense of ownership flooding - Decreases O&M costs - Improves cost recovery 2b Septage disposal and treatment - Reduced environmental pollution with minor disposal of septage in incremental cost environmentally sound manner, - Selling of composted septage is possible ensuring safe utilisation source of income SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 5 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Element Benefits 3 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS 3a Purchase of O&M equipment enables - Long-term sustainability of the project regular cleaning of network, improves SADCo's operation capacity and knowledge 4 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 4a Studies, advisory services and - Long term sustainability of the project training 4b Supervision of construction - Ensures proper implementation - Long term sustainability of the project 5 LAND ACQUISITION AND COMPENSATION Adequate compensations to the - Ensures realisation of the project Project Affected People SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group w S t ~~~~~~~~~~SEWERS, REPAIR ORREPLACEMENT \a _ _ * | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ASSESSED AFT'ER INSPECTION ----- ----\-\ AREASWHERE NEWCOMBINEDSEWERS iuoNo LW TUONG/ l ARE PROPOSED TO BE CONSTRUCTED - ----------- - _ PROPOSED NEW COLLNECTORS W~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~D HAN / // v5 TIDAL, GATES TO BE REPAIRED I k A9x~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t T ° / X @,A ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~PROPOSED LKEBREIIABILITAION F W /aS° 7 4 h / N s \9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~PROPOSED CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS: % wk N ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ASSESSDN AP'ER INSPECTINDl ) 4 \ @ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ARE PROPOSED TO BE CONSTRUCTED [~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ X - PROPOSED NEW COL,LNECTORSl g j \ g g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TIDAL GATES TO BE REPAIRED L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~POOE CHANEL.IPROVMENT l ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ag VDECY,a Hal Phn ttihn * |pa.n I I v X F \ a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lt. ..NR t8 b / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t0l/ Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 51 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 8.4.2 Monitoring of Sludge and Septage Treatment Monitoring of sewage and septage should be carried out regularly and especially if the treated septage is used as fertiliser. The end product, after appropriate treatment should be regularly analysed to eliminate the health risks. The responsible authority for the monitoring is DOSTE. SADCo should provide the funding of the monitoring. There is no standard for sludge or septage treatment and in the standard TCVN 5298- 1995 are only general requirements to the use of wastewater and sludge for watering and fertilising purposes. The monitoring should include: the quality of raw sludge and septage, quality of treated sludge and septage, water quality in leachate ponds and quality of treated effluent to be discharged to the river. Special attention has to be paid to the amount of heavy metals both in sludge and leachate. Leachate treatment process has to be monitored for the needs of operation and to control that quality of effluent fulfils the Vietnamese standard. There is no special standard for leachate, but the industrial wastewater standard TCVN 5945-1995 has been used as preference. The basic leachate monitoring is including the most critical parameters e.g. BOD, coliform, cadmium and mercury. Groundwater quality in Trang Cat landfill area has to be monitored twice per year. The limits are according to Vietnamese standard TCVN 5944-1995. Table 8.2 Proposed Monitoring of Sludge and Leachate Treatment Type of Monitoring / Frequency Parameters to be analysed Number of Samples Sludge and Septage I raw sludge 2/ year Moisture, volatile solids, total solids, total N, I treated sludge 2/year total P, NHF, So42-, As, Cd, total Cr, Cr6, _________________ Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn Leachate I raw 1/month BOD, SS, coliform, Cd, Hg 1 treated 1/month Groundwater 2/year BOD, COD, NH4I, SO42-, Cd, Hg 8.4.3 Hydrological Monitoring Water level observation at certain points of the north-east and south-west drainage systems are necessary to facilitate the hydrological and hydraulic analyses of these systems. These observations would help the calculations of storage changes, analyses SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko P6yiy Group Viemam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 52 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan of flood events and low flow conditions, and particularly flood routing computations. The following sites are recommended: North-east drainage system: - Thien Nga lake (any place along the shoreline) - An Bien Lake (any place along the shoreline) - Mam Tom Lake (near the outlet culvert) - Upper Channel (near the outlet culvert of Mam Tom Lake) - Lower Channel (at the May Den gate) - Cua Cam River (at the May Den gate) South-west drainage system: - Sen Lake (any place along the shoreline) - Du Hang Lake (near the outlet culvert) - Lower Channel (near the outlet culverts of Du Hang Lake) - Lower Channel (at the Vinh Niem gate) - Lach Tray River (at the Vinh Niem gate) An ordinary water level gauge will be sufficient at all sites although recording instrument could offer possibilities for more detailed analyses. During normal and dry conditions, only one reading per day is required. During intense rainfall readings should be taken hourly. After these rainfall events, observations should be carried out once in three hours until the water level changes during these intervals become small. Considering the importance of rainfall observations in Haiphong, a station with a recording rain gauge in the city centre should be established because the rainfall amounts at Phu Lien and Haiphong centre can deviate from each other particularly during intense rain with short duration. At Vinh Niem and May Den gates, observations should be made every time the gates are opened and closed. SADCo is responsible to carry out the hydrological monitoring. 8.4.4 Summary of Monitoring of the Project The proposed monitoring programme is preliminary and will be clarified during the implementation of the project when the final extent of each component is known. The sampling and analyses of water, sediment and sludge monitoring has to be carried out by experienced authorised laboratory hired by SADCo. SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 53 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Table 8.3 Monitoring Programmes of the Project Type of Number of Frequency / Needed Responsible monitoring samples Phase equipment organisation _ supplyV _ ___ Safety during lot During the work / Contractor construction Construction Safety during lot During the work / Gas detector SADCo operation operation Desibel meter Lake and 9 in lakes 2 / year SADCo / Hired channel 6 in channels operation laboratory Sludge and 1 raw sludge 2/ year SADCo / Hiredi septage 1 treated operation laboratory Leachate 1 from pond 1 / month SADCo / Hired 1 effluent operation laboratory CGroundwater borehole 2 / year SADCo / Hired in Trang Cat operation laboratory Hydrological Lot 1 / day during dry Water level SADCo Monitoring season / operation gauges 1 / hour during rainy season / operation_ 8.5 Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project Occurrence of floods and the abnormal performance of the drainage system will be recorded by SADCo. Shortcomings in system performance will be inspected, assessed and reported and necessary measurements taken to improve the performance. SADCo's inspection department will monitor illegal occupation of land allocated for the system. Phuong authorities may contribute. The employer of SADCo, e.g. HPPC, will assign an independent certificator to make an annual review and inspection of facilities operated by SADCo. The following reports shall be prepared to monitor the progress of the project. - Reports summarising component's implementation progress - Reports sunimarising monitoring of compliance with Environmental Management Plan - Reports summarising monitoring of water quality in lakes and channels and quality of sludge and septage - Reports summarising external monitoring of compliance with Resettlement Action Plan SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 54 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Table 8.4 Indicators to Monitor and Evaluate Progress towards Project's Development Impact Objectives (Project Implementation Plan August 1998) OUTPUTS INDICATORS MEANS OF VERIFICATION Drainage No surcharging of sewers All sewers flowing freely at Physical observation all times Critical sewers and channels Sludge build up kept in- Physical inspection, are able to handle design check after main CCTV surveys and O&M storm flows cleaning/repair completed teams' records Improved envir6nmental No complaints of smells condition of regulation lakes from residents living around and channels lakes and along channels Improved water quality in the regulation lakes Sewerage Community based tertiary No discharge of sullage to Project completion Improvements implemented lanes once a phuong has reports & physical (Rehabilitation of sewarage been improved observation in improved in phuongs) phuongs Regular emptying of septic tanks (up to 15,000 septic tanks to be de- sludged annually) Adequate management & All organisational SADCo corporate plans Maintenance of SADCo's development performance and annual reports from Assets indicators met by 2002 1999 onwards A number of indicators will be used to monitor and evaluate progress towards the Project's development impact objectives: - Progress of all implementation items in comparison with the implementation milestones; - Length of sewers cleaned, inspected, rehabilitated or replaced, approved and commissioned - Length of drainage channels and number of lakes improved and - Commissioning of new drains and collector sewers. SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 55 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 9 COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION AND MONITORING The total value of the proposed investment is 41.164 million USD including 1.50 million USD for revolving funding. The cost estimate includes provisions for inflation (price contingency) and cost overruns (physical contingency). Duties and taxes are included in the project base cost. Duty rates vary substantially, but in the cost estimate, an average rate of 10 % has been applied for duties and taxes. The total base cost 31.615 million USD. Table 9.1 Project Cost Estimate (January 1999) Investment Cost Total Total P. rillion USD % Civil works 31.211 76 Equipment 2.139 5 Land acquisition 1.218 3 Local Technical Assistance 0.614 1 International Technical Assistance 4.482 11 Revolving fund 1.500 4 TOTAL PROJECT COST 41.164 100 Most of the costs for mitigation measures created by environmental demands are already included in the investment costs of the proposed project, or they should be part of normnal operation and maintenance procedures. Total cost estimates presented in Table 9.2 are according to information in December 1998. Prices are January 1999 prices. Some changes inside and between the components are possible during the design phase. Division for engineering cost and mitigation cost is preliminary and will be clarified during preliminary design phase of the project. The mitigation costs is estimated to be roughly 24 % of the base cost. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko PdyryGp December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 56 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Table 9.2 Estimated Project Costs Project Component Unit Total Engineering Mitigation Cost Cost Cost Estimate MUSD MUSD MUSD 1 DRAINAGE _ _ la Cleaning, inspection and rehabilitation 8.635 7.77 0.86 of combined sewer network lb Construction of new combined sewers 3.0 km 0.975 0.90 0.07 Ic Construction of new collectors 3.9 km 1.267 0.63 0.63 Id Rehabilitation of drainage channels 6.2 km 3.477 2.63 0.84 North-east channel (1.937) (1.45) (0.49) - Dredging of sludge (including 50000 m3 0.768 0.28 0.49 .transportation) - Protection of channel slopes 12000 m3 0.195 0.20 - Concrete lining (partly) 1500 m 0.731 0.73 - Construction of access points 3 km 0.244 0.24 South-west channel (1.393) (1.04) (0.35) - Dredging of sludge (including 40000 m3 0.646 0.30 0.35 .transportation) - Protection of channel slopes 15000 m3 0.244 0.24 - Concrete lining (partly) 600 m 0.244 0.24 - Concrete cover (partly) 200 m 0.016 0.02 - Construction of access points 3 km 0.244 0.24 Rehabilitation of tidal gates 8 pc (0.146) 0.15 le Rehabilitation of lakes 1.300 0.44 0.86 North-east system (0.983) (0.30) (0.68) Thien Nga lake (2.5 ha) - Lake rehabilitation (dredging) 15000 m3 0.244 0.10 0.14 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 2000 m2 0.032 0.03 Mam Tom lake (2.5 ha) - Lake rehabilitation (dredging) 10000 m3 0.162 0.07 0.09 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 2000 rn2 0.032 0.03 An Bien lake - Improvement of flow conditions 0.106 0.11 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 10000 m2 0.162 0.16 Quan Ngua lake (2 ha) - Lake rehabilitation (dredging) 10000 m3 0.162 0.06 0.10 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 5000 m2 0.081 0.08 South-west system (0.317) (0.14) (0.18) Sen lake (2 ha) - Lake rehabilitation (dredging) 5000 m3 0.081 0.03 0.05 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 2000 m2 0.032 0.03 Du Hang and lam Tuong lakes - Improvement of flow conditions 0.106 0.10 - Clearing and protection of lake banks 6000 m2 0.097 0.10 If Sludge disposal and treatment lOOOOOm' 1.162 1.16 2 SEWERAGE 2a Rehabilitation of sewerage in phuongs 5.568 5.02 0.55 2b Septage disposal and treatment 0.528 0.53 SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component 57 Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan Project Component Unit Total Engineering Mitigation I Cost Cost Cost EstimateI ___________ _ MUSD MUSD MUSD 3 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS _ 1.800 1.70 0.10 4 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 4.381 4.17 0.21 Studies, advisory services, training 2.111 1.81 0.21 Supervision of construction 2.270 2.27 5 LAND ACQUISITION AND 1.023 0.81 0.21 COMPENSATION Drainage (resettlement compensations 0.812 0.81 for households along the channels) Sludge and septage disposal (land cost 0.211 0.21 in Trang Cat landfill site) 6 REVOLVING FUND 1.500 1.500 TOTAL BASE COST 31.615 24.08 7.52 ____ (including duties and taxes) The additional investigations created by the environmental demands are as follows. - Rehabilitation of regulating lakes - studies and additional sludge quality studies concerning sludge and septage treatment and disposal in preliminary / detailed design phase. Cost estimation totally USD 9,000. Funding from Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Design Project budget. - Monitoring of irrigation and drainage channels and regulating lakes. Cost estimation USD 15,000 - 20,000 per year during three years. Funding from SADCo's O&M budget. - Monitoring of sludge and leachate treatment. Cost estimation USD 5,000 USD per year during three years. Funding from SADCo's O&M budget. - Recommended public awareness campaigns of impacts and prohibition of waste disposal in lakes and channels and illegal housing, cost estimation USD 20,000 - 40,000 depending of the method; TV, radio, signs, schools, etc. Funding from HPWSSP. Table 9.3 Estimated Investigation, Monitoring, Training and Public Awareness Costs Type of Investigation / Monitoring Cost USD Payer Sludge treatment investigation 9,000 (lump sum) Design Project Lake and channel monitoring 15,000 - 20,000 / year SADCo (O&M) Sludge and leachate treatment 5,000 / year SADCo (O&M) Training (1999 - 2000) Average 67,500 / year HPWSSP Studies, advisory and training 2,111,000 (lump sum) Project TA (1999- 2004) Public awareness 20,000-40,000 (lump sum) HPWSSP SOIL AND WATER December 1998 Jaakko Poyry Group Viemam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan ANNEX 1 Water and Sediment Analyses in 1995 and 1997 SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P&yry Group December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan TABLE I Sediment Quality in Regulating Lakes and Channels, February -March 1995. Bold figures indicate values exceeding the Dutch Intervention Values. Underlined figures present the maximum concentration of the parameter of all the sampled sites. Parameter Lakes Channels Lowest/ NL 'O NL" Highest Target Intervention Value ) Value 3) Unit An Bien 1 An Bien 2 An Bien Thien Ho Sen Dong Khe Du Hang 1 3 Nga Arsenic (As) mg/kg (d.w.) 1.08 0.76 11 0.98 2.80 0.92 4.39 0.78-5.75 29 55 Cadmium(Cd) mg/kg(d.w.) 21.14 15.98 15.80 22.96 4.LU 21.22 4.40 2.58-48.13 0.8 12 Chromium mg/kg (d.w.) 32.52 37.67 35.92 42.5 19.16 45.66 24.81 11.47-45.66 (Cr6l) Total mg/kg(d.w.) 72.08 79.53 63.58 70.34 81.77 66.88 112.12 34.90-112.12 100 380 Chromium (Cr) Cobalt (Co) mg/kg (d.w.) 27.10 285 22.63 12.21 6.07 23.06 19.78 1.94-28.53 20 240 Lead (Pb) mg/kg (d.w.) 419.5 514.84 184.62 588.66 604.67 473.24 76.00 58.46-604.67 85 530 Mercury (Hg) mg/kg (d.w.) 12.46 7.99 5.75 5.86 3.27 9.68 2.51 1.39-12.46 0.3 10 Nickel (Ni) mg/kg (d.w.) 49.86 76.10 60.70 44.94 50.46 49.81 48.37 18.32-76.10 35 210 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg (d.w.) 1242.82 823.06 717.67 1353.19 911.68 925.74 224.87 147.35-1353.19 140 720 "Dutch Soil Cleanup Guidelines, (Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment 1995). Standard soil 25 % clay and It0 % organic matter. Average value. 2) Soils in demanding use exceeding Target Value should be cleaned up. " Soils exceeding Intervention Value should be cleaned up. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group I)ecember 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan TABLE 2 Analysis of sewage sludge, November 1997. None of the results does not exceed the Dutch Intervention Values for soils. Underlined figures present the maximum concentration of the parameter of all the sampled sites. Parameter Unit Point 2 Point 2 Point 5 Point 6 Point 10 Lowest/ NL't NL" (Sample 2) (Sample 12) Highest Target Intervention Value 2) Value ) Arsenic (As) mg/kg (d.w.) 0.21 1.08 0.23 0.15 1.2 0.15-1.2 29 55 Cadmium(Cd) mg/kg(d.w.) 0.12 0.25 0.21 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1-0.25 0.8 12 Chromium mg/kg (d.w.) 1.1 1.3 0.64 32 1.6 0.27-3.2 (Cr6-) Total mg/kg (d.w.) 3.14 6.69 2.99 24.03 26.88 0.5-26.88 100 380 Chromium (Cr) Cobalt (Co) mg/kg (d.w.) 2.3 <0.1 0.51 2.4 896 <0.1-8.96 20 240 Lead (Pb) mg/kg (d.w.) 10.46 11.16 0.63 24.03 71.68 <0.5-71.68 85 530 Mercury(Hg) mg/kg(d.w.) 0.011 0.0143 0.065 0.046 0.0115 0.011-0.065 0.3 10 Nickel(Ni) mg/kg(d.w.) 4.18 0.56 5.55 2.56 53.75 <0.1-53.75 35 210 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg (d.w.) 125.52 18.64 8.54 8.1 30.46 6.87-125.52 140 720 ") Dutch Soil Cleanup Guidelines, (Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment 1995). Standard soil 25 % clay and 10 % organic matter. Average value. 2 Soils in demanding use exceeding Target Value should be cleaned up. ' Soils exceeding Intervention Value should be cleaned up. O51L AN[ WATER Jaakko P6yry Group Decemtber 1998 ........... ........... N ............. ........... .......... ............. .............. T.(A "A 92.00 $0. .9/1 68.80 600 COO 98 20 T&P MAM TO DONG KH TWA N/I 47,90 So, qjl 64.50 N-NN M 11- L.k I Bm .9/1 38 60 811, A.1 cm mp sm COD Sit 1.14 -q/' 56 30 N-M. 9/1 l&5I DOD, 'q/I SO. 'm/l - 37.50 N-11 11':'15 T.LLP TaT /: coo So. VI 52.50 N-M Z/11 So. .9/1 91 00 7.(p vl L- Two Lok, v BDO, 70. AN BIEN 08.80 QUAN N wil coo 26.40 T.I.p .2/1 - 0.91 0. L kg N-NH. 2.32 TOLP 0.42 To,.' "A ":o"o TWA $2.50 So. -q11 COD :14 N-IIH, I 45.50 p AN LAM TUONG Tt,p .4 c TaN w nil MANG SO, qA 3 T 9M W COD "/I 02.60 COD -139.00 N-NlLNA 7.93 IN 7.1 P -9/1 1.15 To 7.t.N -9/1 6- ?O -9 Om .00 SO. j/1 -4150 Tot N COD :144 SO .9 N-NN 39 Tap g II 7.1 40 SO, q/1 - 43.50 COD N-ft T.(.p 1.1.14 IN so. 'm/I - SO. 58. 4-Y D. Haq 2 OA "p SODO COD "A -196 00 N-NH. DU AN YE SINH iO TRUONG VIETNAM VIETNAM: S.,110H. 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COO mgh *71463.00 =0O g g N~~~~~~~~-----------7 Sl~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .'"'> . . / tWW t \ / H7 4 t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- ......... ........ .. ..... /4G00 - < /¢ -1 1 W 0 9°1: 1~~~~~~~~-- -N-199-|°;SCh:1200-|---No Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan ANNEX 2 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts of the Project According to EIA December 1998 SOIL AN13 WATE9R Jaakko P6yry Grup December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 1 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to la. Cleaning, Inspection and Rehabilitation of the Existing combined sewers in the urban centre. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, IMPACTS FOLLOW-lIP Air Emissions Local Minimal emissions of NOx, Minimise dust and traffic emissions by good operation Short term impacts. Not required. CO, C02 and particulates from management and site supervision. the engines of the cleaning equipment and traffic will have a sniall and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Dust emissions fTom traffic related to cleaning and rehabilitation. Strong odour emissions during Use appropriate equipment to prevent overloading of sludgc Short term and local impacts. cleaning and transportation and to collect accidental spills. Use tight transportation operations. equipment. Avoid working during rainfall. Noise Vicinity of Short- term noise associated Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short term impacts. Not reqtired cleaning with cleaning operations. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995) equipment Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings Traffic related to and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. rehabilitation. The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds S5 dB and train how to use them. Cleaning of Local and Major positive impact due to Significant long-term positive D)uring er ion and maintenance: sewers regional decrease in sewer overflow and impacts. Regular inspection (of the condition flooding in residential areas. of sewerage and drainage system. Improvement of overall Regular monitoring of wastewater hygienic and environmental and surface water qtiality shall be conditions as well as odour slanidard operatinig practices of nuisances. SAIXCo and I)OS11. (perational and safety stamiulards will be met. SOIL ANO WATER Jaakko P5yry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Enviromnental Management Plan Table 1 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to la. Cleaning, Inspection and Rehabilitation of the Existing combined sewers in the urban centre. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FONITOW-UP Potentially Indirectly lakes, Risk of temporary increase in Avoid working during rainy season or rainfall. Short term impacts. Regular monitoring of lakes, Contaminating ponds, channels the pollution load and turbidity channels and rivers. Substances and and rivers. in the aquatic environment Increase of during the cleaning of sewers, turbidity especially during rainfall. Local soil Risk of soil contamination and Use appropriate equipment to prevent overloading of sludge Long term, but mainly local if contamination. groundwater during sludge and collect accidental spills. Preparc a strategy for dealing with mitigative measures arc not removal from sewers in unexpected soil contamination. adopted immediately. unpaved areas. Gas Local Risk of worker accidents Safety and health regulations during cleaning of sewers should The implementation of a There will be an on-going accumulation In caused by gas accumulation in be strictly followed. comprehensive occupational health supervision of works. sewers sewers and other confined and safety program will spaces. Minimise work safety problems by providing appropriate tools, significantly reduce work-related The Project developer will machinery and protective clothing. hazards to workers. maintain worker safety committees and conduct an audit Ensure that appropriate working methods are applied. of safety operations. Tramc Local Increase of traffic during Minimise the nuisance caused by transportation of equipment, The implementation of trafffic In the event of accident affecting rehabilitation work which materials and activities, by avoiding transportation on busy restrictions and informing local the health or safety of local cause risk of accidents. main streets during rush hours. people will reduce the risk of people or workers, the project accidents. developer will conduct a Arrange public awareness campaigns to local people before the thorough intemal investigation of implementation starts. the accident. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P8yry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmnental Management Plan Table 2 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to lb. Construction of new combined sewers in critical areas. POTENTIAL MONITORING, ISSUE EXTENT IMPACTS MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-LIP Air Emissions Local Minimal emissions of NOx, No measures necessary. Short-termn impacts during Not required. CO, C02 and particulates from construction works. the engines of the construction equipment and traffic will have a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Dust emissions from traffic related to construction works. Noise Vicinity of Short-term noise associated Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Minimal impacts. Not required. construction with construction of new p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995) equipment combined sewers. Minimal short term noise effect in Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings populated areas. and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Potentially Vicinity of Various potentially No release of potentially contaminating substance will be Minimal impacts. Project developer will inspect Contaminating construction contaminating waste products, permitted and no local disposal will be permitted unless the contractor for compliance with Substances equipment such as lubricants, solvents and contractor can demonstrate that there will be no unacceptable agreed tipon procedures off-spec fuel, may be adverse environmental impact. accidentally generated and will require properdisposal in an environmentally appropriate manner. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 3 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to 1c.Construction of new collectors. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORINWP Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, No measures necessary. Short-term impacts. Not required. construction CO, C02 and particulates from equipment the engines of the construction equipment and traffic will have Local a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Dust emissions from traffic related to construction works. Water quality Local Overall positive impact on Circulate water from bigger lakes to the smaller lakes or lead Decrease of wastewater odour, Regular moiitoring of water and quantity water quality. Risk of decrease water from irrigation channels to lakes. improvement of water quality and quality and water level in changes In lakes of lake water level during dry overall environmental condition. lakes. season if compensating water is not available. Water quality Regional Increase in the cfiannel water The channel water is already polluted and the possible Minimal impacts. Regular monitoring of channel and quantity in quantity and somewhat additional increase in pollution level is small. water quality antd quantity. channels decrease in water quality. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Envirotnental Management Plan Table 4 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Id. Rehabilitation of Drainage Channels. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required. rehabilitation CO, C02 and particulates from equipment the engines of the rehabilitation equipment and Local traffic will have a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Noise Vicinity of Short term noise associated Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts. Not required. rehabilitation with rehabilitation of channels. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995) equipment along Minimal short term noise effect channels in populated areas. Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. Local The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Dredging of Regional Overall positive impacts due to The dredging will be carried out during dry season to avoid big Overall long-term positive impacts Reguiar monitoring of channels improvement of hydraulic sewage flushes and water quality changes. channels anml river at several conditions and capacity of Temporary water quality changes disciarge and refcrcncc channels. during rehabilitation works. sampling piiints. Temporary water quality changes during rehabilitation works. No economic losses to fishery are expected. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P8yry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Enviror,nental Management Plan Table 4 Identiflcation, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Id. Rehabilitation of Drainage Channels. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, IMPACTS FOLLOW-UP Improvement of Land acquisition 85 households along the north- A separate Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been carried Significant long-term effects for Monitoring, public channel banks of a 5 m wide eastem channel and along the out during the Preliminary Design Phase of the Project in resettled people. disclosure and and construction strip between the south-western channel will be autumn 1998. certification by appropriate Of maintenance channel and the resettled. documentation. roads buildings. The RAP outlines the principles and procedures to be employed to compensate affected stakeholders for resettlement. Potentially Vicinity of Various potentially No release of potentially contaminating substance will be Minimal impacts. Project developer will Contaminating rehabilitation contaminating waste products, permitted and no local disposal will be permitted unless the inspect contiactor fir Substances equipment. such as lubricants, solvents and contractor can demonstrate that there will be no unacceptable compliance with agreed off-spec fuel, may be adverse environmental impact. upon proceduires. accidentally generated and will require proper disposal in an environmentally appropriate manner. Channels banks Risk of soil contamination Choice of appropriate working methods and drying methods for Long term impacts if appropriate and roads during sludge removal from dredged wet sludge is essential. De-watering of channels and mitigative measures are not channels in unpaved areas and possible mixing with lime. adopted. Local soil along roads. contamination Protective clothing and operational training for workers is Health hazards (parasitic infections Risk of health hazards of essential. Avoid transportation of sludge during rush hours. from sludge, etc.) may cause long- contaminated sludge. term impacts. Use tight equipment in transportation of sludge to avoid Short- term impacts. accidental spills and odour nuisances. Crossing of Along channels Illegal bridges crossing the Construction of bridges or special centralised crossing places Significant and long-term impacts. LIocal authoritics channels channels will be removed. This over the north-eastem and south-eastem channels. requirenments will be will cause public nuisances adopted. since there would be very few official crossing points along the channels. SOIL ANO WATER Jaakko Piiyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 5 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Ie. Rehabilitation of Regulating Lakes. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, IMPACTS FOLLOW-UP Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required. rehabilitation CO, C02 and particulates from equipment the engines of the rehabilitation equipment and Local traffic will have a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Noise Vicinity of Short-term noise associated Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts. Not required. rehabilitation with rehabilitation works. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1995) equipment. Short term noise effect in populated areas. Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Dredging of Thien Nga, Mam Overall improvement of Dredging has been considered as most efficient and cost Major positive impact on the water Regiular monitorinig of lake water lakes Tom, Quan Ngua hygienic and environmental effective method to improve the environmental condition and quality and overall environmental i(tality. and Sen lakes. conditions of rehabilitated somewhat the hydraulic conditions and storage capacity of the and hygienic conditions. lakes. lakes. Local Long-term positive impacts. Odour during dredging. Dredging during dry season. Short-term negative impacts during Temporary drying of lakes. No dredging. valuable or endangered plants or animals. SOIL AND WATEIR Jaakko P8yry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 5 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to le. Relabilitation of Regulating Lakes. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, Potentially Local soil Risk of soil contamination and Use appropriate equipment to prevent overloading of sludge Short term impacts. Regular monitoring of lakes, Contaminating contamination. groundwater during sludge tankers and collect accidental spills. channels and rivers. Substances removal in unpaved areas. Choice of appropriate working methods and drying methods for dredged wet sludge is essential. De-watering of lakes and Strict supervision of possible mixing sludge with lime. rehabilitation works are reqiried from the contractor. Protective clothing and operational training for workers is essential. Avoid transportation of sludge during rush hours. hlealth hazards (parasitic infections from slidge, etc.) may cause lonig-tcrm Use tight equipment in transportation of sludge to avoid impacts. accidental spills and odour nuisances. Short term impacts SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Envirotnmental Management Plan Table 6 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to lf. Sludge Disposal and Treatment. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORINW , Sludge Disposal Trang Cat landfill The total volume of sludge to Treatment site has to be constructed according to the design. Regular monitoring of and Treatment, be transported to Trang Cat is Treatment area has to be separated by fence from other landfill fishing ponds and Cam river general Local estimated to be about 100,000 activities. near the landfill area. mi. Disposal of sludge into the river or sea would not be an The leachate from the sludge should be treated before discharge Short-temm impacts. environmentally viable to the Cam river. solution. It would cause heavy turbidity, sedimentation and The sludge can be treated with lime to add its buffer capacity high release of nutrients in the and de-waterability. It is estimated that 50-100 kg of lime per recipient water body. cubic meter sludge (SS) is needed. Total addition of lime to the dredged sludge would be 5,000 - 10,000 tonnes. The sludge can be used after treatment for landscaping purposes I,ong-term positive impact, since at the Trang Cat landfill if the heavy metal concentrations are sludge can be recycled for under limit values for landscaping standards. The sludge can landscaping purposes at the landfiil. not be used for agricultural purposes without remediation of heavy metals. Health and safety instructions have to be followed to avoid health risks. Transportation Local 100.000 m' of sludge would Use appropriate equipment to prevent overloading of sludge Short-term impacts. Rcgular moniitoritg of lakes, of sludge require about 2,500 trunk tankers and collect accidental spills. channels and rivers. lorries for transportation to the landfill. This will cause public Protective clothing and operational training for workers is nuisance (mainly odour, traffic essential. Avoid transportation of sludge during rush hours. restrictions) and risk of Strict supervision of accidents along the Use of tight equipment in transportation of sludge to avoid Health hazards (parasitic infcctions transportation is required transportation routes. accidental spills and odour nuisances. from sludge, etc.) may cause long- from the contractor. term impacts. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 7 Identiflcation, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to 2a. Rehabilitation of sewerage in phuongs. POTENTIAL MONITORING, ISSUE EXTENT IMPACTS MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLLOW-UP Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required. rehabilitation CO, C02 and particulates from equipment the engines of the rehabilitation equipment and Local traffic will have a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Noise Vicinity of Short-term noise associated Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts. Not requiired. rehabilitation with rehabilitation works. p.m. to 6 am. (TCVN 5949-1995) equipment Short term noise effect in populated areas. Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. The contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Cleaning of Local and Major positive impact due to Sigiificanit long-tcmn DLiriig operation and maintenance: sewers and regional decrease in sewer overflow and positive impacts. Regular inspection of the condition of construction of flooding in residential areas. sewerage and drainage system. new sewers Improvement of overall environmental conditions, Regular monitoring of wastewater odour nuisances and decrease and surfiace water quality shall he of health risks in residential staniard operiating practices of areas. SAtD(o and IX)STI- Risk of worker accidents due Protective clothing and operational training for workers is Operational and safety standar(ds will to gas accumulation in sewers essential. be met or by hazardous materials _ _ _ J__ _discharged into sewers. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P8yry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component Environmental Management Plan Table 8 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to 3a. Purchase equipment for maintenance of the system. ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS FOLNIOW-UP IMPACTSFOLWU - Inspection, Regional At present, there is a serious Appropriate training for use of equipment and for regular Positive and significant long-term During operation and clkaning, lack of appropriate equipmnent operation is essential. impacts due to reduction of flooding maintenance: dredging and for inspection and cleaning of and environmental pollution. Regular inspection of the transportalton sewerage, dredging of channels condition of sewerage and equlpment and lakes, and transport of drainage system. equipment and sludge. Regular monitoring of wastewater and surface The procurement package will water quality shall be be necessary for the standard operating rehabilitation works as well as practices of SADCo and for the regular proper operation DOSTF. Operational and and maintenance of the safety standards will he sewerage and drainage system. nmet. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan ANNEX 3 Preliminary Plan for Sludge and Septage Treatment and Utilisation at Trang Cat Landfill 501L ANO WATER Jaakko P6yr Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project Annex 3 1 Environmental Management Plan PRELIMINARY PLAN OF SLUDGE UTILIZATION AT LANDFILL SITE 1. INTRODUCTION Aim of this plan was to find a cost effective, safe, reliable and environmentally acceptable way of treating and utilizing the sludge from sewerage system and septic tanks. Aim was also to calculate the costs of sludge treatment constructions. The removal of sludge from sewerage drainage system is suggested to be performed in a three-year period. The removal is supposed to start at the year 2001. Simultaneously septic tanks are emptied as usual. Filling of first temporary 5-hectare area in a Trang Cat landfill started in the beginning of 1998. The area will be filled in 2-3 years. Thus covering and landscaping of the first area needs to be started in the year 2001. 2. SLUDGE AND SEPTIC TANK SLUDGE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION Sludge from sewerage system and septic tanks should be collected and treated during dry season. At the moment SADCo takes care of transferring septic tank sludge to the landfill site. The contractor for sewerage sludge transportation will be decided separately. Dump trucks and tank trucks of the contractor will transport the sludge from sewerage system to the Trang Cat landfill area and empty the sludge to basins, which will work both as reception area and first stage of sludge treatment. There are three basins, which will be used in turn. Transported sludge from sewerage system contains at the average 30 % of TSS. In case the loads of dry sludge (TSS over 40 %) are transported to the landfill site, dump trucks should empty their loads straight to a sewerage sludge field. Septic tank sludge from households, hotels etc. is planned to be transported straight to the composting field where it is composted. 3. AMOUNT AND QUALITY OF SLUDGE FROM SEWERAGE SYSTEM AND SEPTIC TANKS The total amount to of sludge from sewerage and drainage system and lakes that must be treated in the Trang Cat landfill is estimated to be around 100,00 m3. The sludge from sewerage system consists mostly of sand and dirt from the streets and slurry from the houses having septic tanks. The de-watered sludge from sewerage system contains approximately 20-60 % solid material (TSS). Most of the suspended solid material is mineral because organic material is already decomposed and the sludge contains a lot of sand from the SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project Annex 3 2 Environmental Management Plan streets. The amount of volatile solids (VSS) of TSS is low, about 30-40 %, which makes the material heavy and dense. The average quality of sludge from sewerage system is calculated from analyzes done from 14 samples taken from 14 places in Haiphong area November 1997. The amount and average quality of the sludge from sewerage system is shown in table 1. The heavy metal concentration in the sludge from sewerage system is low. Also the amount of nutrients (N and P) as well as the N:P ratio is low. From the septic tanks it is collected approximately 21 000 m3 of sludge per year (see Table 3.1). Moisture content in the septic tank sludge varies depending how often the tank is emptied. Households, hotels etc use sanitation services infrequently because of costs. Therefore the sludge stays long time in the tanks and degrades. At the average the suspended solid content of septic tank sludge is estimated to be 30 %, and most of the easily degradable organic material is decomposed before the sludge is transferred to the landfill site. Table 3.1 Quality of sludgefrom sewerage system according to 14 samples analyzed in November -97 Sludge FAmount TSS |VSSI |mAs |mCd Cr' I Co I Pb I Hg I Ni I Zn I N P (m3) I TSS mg/kgd,, g/kgdymg/kgd mg/kgdyj-g/kgd,_ mg/kgd,I mg/kgI mg/kgdjmg/k9yg/mkgd. Sludge from sewerage system (sewerage sludge) canals & sewerage | |TSS °/0 VSS% I I to landfill 60000 20-60 42 0,3 0,1 1,0 1 1,2 5,9 0,025 2,3 25,5 476,6 162,7 ponds and lakes TSS % VSS% to landfill 35000 20-60 30 0,8 0,0 1,1 7,1 62,0 0,015 37,4 23,1 257,6 260,6 Septic tank slud e (na= no analvze -d) septic tanks/a | S to landfill 21000 °|3S0L 70 na I na I na na na na na na na na Altogther t t - t - 354,2 177,8 iTo landfill 116000 L - I_ _ - 4. PROPOSAL FOR TREATMENT 4.1 Sludge from sewerage system The sludge from sewerage system from the canals, sewerage systems and lakes is first drained in the basins. Each basin is loaded in turn for one week, the sludge is drained in basins for one week and the removal of the sludge from sewerage system is estimated to last for one week. No sludge is added to basins after they have been filled or during unload. After drainage the TSS content in the sludge should be over 30 % in other words the sludge can be shoveled. From the basin the sewerage sludge is transferred to a field to be treated further. For transferring sludge a wheel-based front-loader is needed. Unloading of one basin by front loader will take about one week. At the field the sludge from sewerage system is clamped in stacks (height approximately 1,5 m, width 5 m) side by side. During clamping black sand is added to the sludge. The mixing SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Pyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project Annex 3 3 Environmental Management Plan ratio of sand and sludge is 1:3 (by volume). The time reserved for mixing, storage and unloading the sludge is two weeks. After the sand addition the moisture content should be low enough for the sludge to be transferred to the landfill area. The mixture can be used as cover material at the landfill area when the TSS content is over 40 %. 4.2 Septic tank sludge The septic tank sludge is composted. Composting and maturing the compost takes place at a separate field. The field area is dimensioned for treating all septic tank sludge. Therefore space needs to be reserved for screening the mature compost. At the field septic tank sludge is mixed with solid waste in ratio of 1:1 (by volume). The waste is used while normal support material is not available. The waste picked out for cornposting should contain high amount of biodegradable material. Waste makes compost more porous, gives nutrients and easily biodegradable carbon for microbes. Beside the field there must be reserved space for storing organic solid waste. The septic tank sludge is composted for two months time. To aerate the compost the stacks need to be dug over once. Because of that space must be left between the compost stacks. After two months compost is removed to maturing field for four months time. During maturing the stacks can be placed side by side. Mature compost is screened with 20-30 cm screener and used as uppermost substrate layer when landscaping the landfill area. The principle of sewerage sludge and septic tank sludge treatment can be seen from the Figure 4.1. 501L ANJD WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Viemarn - Sanitation Project Annex 3 4 Environmental Management Plan I 0 o ~~~. x, =,v Basins * 3 basins * used in tumn[ * week for filling, week for storage and week for unload Compost field Maturing Mixing field: * mix septic tank * time 4 months * sand addition sludge and waste 0 sieving the read * time2 weeks * time 2 months compost Ditch of drainage water Landfill Figure 4.1 Principle of sewerage sludge and septic tank sludge treatment. 4.3 Dimensioning and Constructions Dimensioning of Sewerage Sludge Basins At the landfill area there are planned three basins. Basin areas are sized according to the storage of three-week sludge from sewerage system. From that time loading and unloading takes two weeks. The area needed for each basin is approximately 830 m2 (see Table 4.1). Table 4.1. Dimensioning basins Basins for sludge from sewerage system Sludge amount (m`/day) - { 117 Load+storage+unload (day) 21 Basin height (m) I Basin area (m) 2500 SOIL AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Vietnam - Sanitation Project Annex 3 5 Enviironmental Management Plan The space between basins is 3 m, and in front of the basins is needed 7 m wide area for traffic arrangements. Constructions At the bottom of basins there is a 0,1-0,2 m thick sand layer. Plastic drainage pipes are placed over the sand every. The pipes are placed every 1-3 meters at the gradient of at least 1 %. Over the pipes is laid 0,3-0,4 m layer of crushed stones (o 15-40 mm). Over the stone layer are laid two layers of bamboo mat. Uppermost is a 0,5-m layer of black sand. At least one side of the basin embankment should be constructed to the declivity of 1:4. That enables to drive with front-loaders to the basin. Other banks may be constructed to the declivity of 1:1. The depth of the basin is 1 m. The drainage water is collected in to the ditch flowing to the biological pond for wastewater treatment. A map of locating treatment operations at Trang Cat landfill area is presented in Drawing 1. Dimensioning Sewerage Sludge Field The field for sludge from sewerage system is sized according to two weeks storage of sludge. Thus the field area for sludge storage needs to be approximately 2300 M2. The need of sewerage sludge field area is calculated in Table 4.2. Table 4.2. Area need for sewerage sludge and sand mixing and storage Sludge from sewerage system Period of sewarage sludge removal in years 3 Sewerage sludge amount (m day) 117 Detention time (day) 14 Stack height (m) 1 Field area (m;) 1650 Surroundings (m ) 650 Total (m) 2300 Dimensioning Septic Tank Sludge Field Composting septic tank sludge and maturing of compost should be carried out at a field. At the field septic tank sludge is mixed with solid waste and clamped. After two months the compost is moved to the maturing area where the compost is stored for 4 months. The area needed for composting is 5000 m and for maturing and screening 6300 m2. The calculations are shown in tables 4.3 and 4.4. SO1L AND WATER Jaakko POyry Group December 1998 znvironmentai ivianagement ran Table 4.3 Area neededfor composting. Table 4.4 Area neededfor maturing the compost Active composting area Maturing and screening Composting time (days) 60 Time (days) 120 Se tic tank sludge (m>) i 3000 Compost (ms) 6000 Waste (mtn 3000 Volume together (m') 6000 Volume together (m') 3000 Stack height (m) - 1,2 Stack height (m) 0,75 Field area (ml) 5000 Field area (m') 4000 Surroundings (m-) 1100 Surroundings (m') 1000 ScreeninZ (mz) 200 Total (mz) 1 5000 Total (mi) 6300 An area of 400 m2 must be reserved for storing organic material-rich solid waste beside the composting field. The area needed for sludge from sewerage system and sand mixing and storage, septic tank sludge composting and maturing and screening the compost is altogether 13 600 m2. The place (400 m2) for storing organic material -rich waste does not need any special construction. Constructions of Treatment Fields The constructions of the sewerage sludge septic tank sludge treatment fields are alike. The base of the field is inclined at the gradient of at least 1 %. A sand layer of 0,1-0,2 m is spread on the leveled bottom. A 0,3-0,4 m layer of crushed stones.(0 15-40 mm) and two layers of bamboo mat are laid over the sand. Uppermost is 0,5-m layer of black sand. The drainage water from the fields is collected into the ditch flowing to the biological pond for wastewater treatment. The location of treatment operations at Trang Cat landfill area is presented on a Drawing 1. 5. SLUDGE UTILIZATION The dried sewerage sludge should as far as possible be used bs cover material at Trang Cat landfill. First 0,1 m layer is added straight over the waste. Wells for gas collection must be built over the 0,1 m layer. A 0,9-m layer of treated sewerage sludge can be laid after that. It must be notified that 0,9-m thickness calls for the sludge to be rather dry and hard enough. If the material is after the treatment still soft the thickness must be reduced. At the moment there is in use the temporary landfill area of 5 ha. This part will be closed in the year 2000-2001 and there will be needed 50 000 m3 of cover material. The rest of the landfill area is 10 ha and the need of cover material is there 100 000 rn3. It, however, takes about 5 years before first parts need to be covered. A 0,5 m substrate layer for plants is needed over the cover material. Compost of sludge and waste can be used as uppermost layer. The need of substrate for the 5 ha area is 25,000 m3 and SOIL ANI; WATER Jaakko P8yry Group December 1998 Environmental Management Plan for the 10 ha area 50,000 m3 substrate after the year 2005. The need for cover material and substrate is calculated in Table 5.1. Table 5.1. Material neededfor landscaping the Trang Cat landfill area Destination area Cover (m') Substrate (m5) Area in use (5 ha.) 50 000 25 000 Landfill area (10 ha.) 100 000 50 000 Total 150 000 75 000 Time schedule of sludge from sewerage system and compost formation and need for cover material and substrate is presented in Figure 5.1. 160000 Amount of compost 140000 - . . . Amount of treated sewerage sludge Need for cover+substrate_ 120000 Amount of treated serage sludge andcompost - -- R 100000 _am_ s--- - -e 4)80000 . 60000 40000 20000 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 N es N N es N N es N s Ns N es Ns Ns N N N es N . : e5 0. >- r° ~E E > u r° > E 2 2 -, 2 2 ~Time -22 go 0 Figure 5.1 Time schedule for formation and needfor the cover material and substrate. -All the sludge from sewerage system can not be used as cover material at the landfill site. The surplus is about 50,000 m3. This surplus is stored after treatment in mounds over the landscaped temporary landfill area. The material can be used later on for covering the 10 ha landfill area. Either can all the compost be used as substrate at the first 5 ha landfill area. Before the new 10 ha part needs landscaping the compost must either be used for other purposes or stored at the landfill area. After landscaping the area is not hard enough for heavy machines. SOIL AND WATER Jaakko P6yry Group December 1998 Environmental Management Plan 6. MACHINERY One wheel based front loader (operation weight 12 tons) is needed for transferring the sewerage sludge from the basins to the sludge field. The mixture of sand and sludge must be transferred from the field to the landfill by dump truck (loading capacity of 10 m3). At the composting field is needed an excavator for making the stacks, digging them over and transferring the stacks to the maturing field. Excavator is also needed for shredding and screening the mature compost. This work takes at the average 200 workdays per year. Thus the excavator can also be used for loading the dump truck at the sludge field. The operation weight of the excavator should be 15-20 tons. Separate equipment is needed for mixing, shredding and screening the compost. One type of mixer/screener/crusher that could be used at the compost field and for loading the dump track is presented in Figure 6.1. The contractor at the Trang Cat landfill site should have a bulldozer (15 t) for landscaping. processing device for _mixing, screening and Figure 6.1 Example ofprocessing equipment for mixing, screening and crushing compost. 501L AND WATER Jaakko Poyry Group December 1998 Environrnental Management Plan 7. COSTS The construction costs of basins and field area are estimated to be 2,335,000 million VND. The calculations are shown in Tables 7.1 and 7.2. Table 7.1 Construction costs for basins Constructions/basins Dimensioning Price (mVDN) basin area 2500 m2 0 bottom leveling 3700 m 40000 sand layer 740 m' 30000 drainage pipes 1300 m 160000 crushed stones 1000 m' 84000 bamboo mat 5000 m2 135000 black sand 2000 m' 75000 Total 210 MVDN/m' I 524 000 Table 7.2 Construction costs for sewerage sludge and septic tank sludge treatment field Constructions/septic tank Dimensioning Price sludge treatment and sewerage (mVDN) sludge+sand mixing field area 13600 mZ 0 bottom leveling 6800 m' 72000 sand layer 4100 m 163000 crushed stones 5400 m' 453000 bamboo mat (two times) 27200 m' 735000 black sand 10100 m' 405000 Total 135 mVDN/m' 1828000 501L AND WATER Jaakko P6yry Group December 1998 Trcn( g Cct lar ldfill Sluc ge dispsc sl cnd trectmert Prelir linO-ry ol sign $tf / / / I \ ~~~of coliposting fi;ed \ \\j -r E1eist ;ng tandFllL 00 i a-< Exilin anclfil a -ea 5.h Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan ANNEX 4 Proposal for TOR of Sludge Treatment Study 501L AND WATER Jaakko Pyry Group December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Seweragc and Drainage Dcsign Project Envircnmental Management Plan PROPOSAL FOR TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR SLUDGE STUDY 1. BACKGROUND The Haiphong component will be one part of the Vietnam Sanitation project proposed to be implemented with a credit from the World Bank. The Haiphong component will be mainly a rehabilitation project and the main emphasis will be on the cleaning and repairing of the existing network and drainage channels, and improving the environmental condition of the lakes. Sludge disposal and treatment are included in the project to handle the sludge removed from the channels and pipes in environmentally sound manner. The suitable methods will be defined in the preliminary design phase of the project. To avoid environmental and health risks, the quality of the sludge to be dredged has to be analysed before the final decision of the treatment and disposal method. The sludge and septage treatment will take place in the special treatment area designed for sludge treatment in Trang Cat landfill. It has been estimated that the total amount of sludge to be dredged during about three years will be about 130,000 m3 of which 90,000 m3 from channels, 40,000 rn3 from lakes. Besides that there will be about 30,000 m3 septage from septic tanks. The estimated amount of sludge to be disposed and treated will be 100,000 m3. The quality of sediment in channels and lakes has been analysed in 1995 and 1997 and quality of sewer sludge has been analysed in 1997. 2. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The main objective of the sludge study is to provide more information to use the sediment excavated from the channels and lakes as landfill covering material. The data is needed for the ongoing design phase of Sewerage and Drainage Design Project. The different parts off the study are: - Study drying and properties of the excavated sediment - Make a plan how to utilise the dried sludge - Make a cost analysis 3. SCOPE OF THE WORK The scope of the study is to demonstrate excavation and drying operation of the sediment and to analyse the heavy metal and moisture content of the sludge. 51DL AND WATER Jaakko Py&y Group December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Seweragc and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan 3.1 Excavation and drying studies of the sediment Selection of the channel from where the sediment will be excavated - Excavation should be easily organised - Sludge must be easily dried beside the excavation place or transported to an other area - Analysis of sludge corresponds to average analysis of the sludge (Feasibility Study Reports 1995 and 1998) - Operations may not cause harms for the surroundings: odour problems to residents. death of fish etc. Drying of the sediment - Preparation of the settling area - Excavation of the sediment - Drying of the sediment: loose water has to be separated and run out Monitoring and measurement of the sludge - Moisture content will be analysed once per week for at least 2 months: samples will be taken from 5 different points, mixed and analysed - Content of the nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and organic matter will be analysed after 2 months drying to estimate the possibility to compost the sludge - Form of existence and structure of the sludge will be monitored weekly 3.2 Report The content of the report is: - Experiences in excavation of sediments - Drying of sludge - Analysis of the sediment - Cost analysis 4. TENTATIVE TIME SCHEDULE OF THE PLANNING January - February 1999 - Selection of excavated channel and lake - Preparation of drying area - Excavation of the sediment - Heavy metal analyses of the sediment - Starting of the monitoring of the drying March-April 1999 - Continuation of the monitoring - Final report SOIL AND WATER Jakko P6yry Gtoup December 1998 Vietnam-Sanitation Project Haiphong Component Sewerage and Drainage Design Project Environmental Management Plan ANNEX 5 Preliminary Implementation Schedule 5OIL ANO WATIR Jaakko PoywD Group December 1998 VIETNAM - SANITATION PROJECT HAIPHONG COMPONENT PRELIMINARY SCH-EDULE OF PROCUREMENT ACTIONS 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002- 2003 ID Task Name Durat Start Finish 041 0 1 02 031 04 0)1 02 |0a3 | 04 QI 020 Q2 | 3 4 1 02a03 04 1 Updating of Feasibility Report for 1B 218d 01.10.97 31.07.98 2 Pre-appraisal by the World Bank 14d 10.02.98 28.02.98 3 Selection of the Detail Design Consult. 33d 01.04.98 15.05.98 4 General Procurement Notice Od 30.08.98 30.08.98 5 PROCUREMENT OF WORKS 6 Det. design & Bidding documents (BD) 201d 24.08.98 31.05.99 7 MOC approval of designs and cost est. 32d 01.06.99 14.07.99 8 Final approval of project budget 23d 15.07.99 13.08.99 9 HPPC and GOV approval of BD 20d 16.08.99 10.09.99 10 Bank Approval of Bid Docs 20d 13.09.99 08.10.99 k 11 Finaiitation of bid docs, copying etc. 15d 11.10.99 29.10.99 12 Draft Prequalification (PO) docs 20d 15 01.99 11.02.99 13 Govt approval of PO docs 24d 01.03.99 01.04.99 14 Bank approval of PO docs 24d 01 .03.99 01 .04.99 15 Specific Procurement Notice Od 01.04.99 01.04.99 16 PQ applications invdied/received 1i43d j 02.04.99 01.06.99 17 Evaluation of PO applications 33d 02.06.99 16.07.99 18 GOV approval ot Pq 32d 19.07.99 30.08.99 19 Bank s approval of P0 15d 31.08.99 20.09.99 20 Bids inviled/received 61d 01.11.99 24.01.00 21 Evaluation of bids 36d 25.01.00 14.03.00 22 GOV.approval of evaluation repor 33d 15.03.00 28.04.00. |Soil and Watcr Ltd G:\97\972192FB3\REVISION\XIrePNEWV scll MPPI90S9 VIETNAM - SANITATION PROJECT 2 HAIPtIONG COMPONENT PRELIMINARY SCIIEDULE OF PROCUREMENT ACTIONS 1 . _ 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 ID Task Name _Durat Start Finish Q4 01 02|3Q43Q1 | Q23|Q4 f1QQ|Q2Q3|4Q|Q2Q3| 4 23 Bank approval of evaluation report 22d 01.05.00 30.05.00 I 24 Signing oContract 1 d7 31.05.00 14.06.00 . 25 Contractor's mobilization period i2d| 15.06.00 13.07.00 26 Repairs of tidal gates 185d 14.07.00 29.03.01 27 Constr. of sludge drying beds at Trang 99d 14.07.00 29.11.00 28 Rehabilitation of lakes and channels 904d 14.07.00 31.12.03 29 Constr. of new storm mains 382d 14.07 00 31.12.01 30 Rehablitation of sewer network 605d 30.11.00 31.12.03 31 Rehabilitation of sewerage in phuongs 718d 02.04.01 31.12.03 Soil and Water Ltd G:\97\972192FB\REVISION\PIP\NEW SCIi,MPP I').08,98