DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 M kin Sur Th t No On Is L ft B hind in th Di it l A WITH SUPPORT FROM: 1 © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowl- edge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522- 2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................. 6 I. Introduction: A Partnership for the Digital Age......................................................................... 8 II. Results, Operational Business, and Portfolio........................................................................... 10 Results......................................................................................................................................................................11 Operational Business...........................................................................................................................................13 Country Strategies................................................................................................................................................13 Portfolio...................................................................................................................................................................14 Partnership..............................................................................................................................................................15 III. Supporting the Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A) Initiative..................................................16 IV. Operational Highlights................................................................................................................ 22 Data and Indicators..............................................................................................................................................23 Digital Economy Enabling Environment..........................................................................................................24 Cybersecurity..........................................................................................................................................................28 Internet Access for All..........................................................................................................................................29 Digital Government...............................................................................................................................................35 Mainstreaming Digital Services, Solutions, and Platforms..........................................................................37 V. Looking Ahead – Plans for Fiscal Year 2020.............................................................................40 Improving Communications and Outreach....................................................................................................41 Strengthening the DDP Steering Committee.................................................................................................41 Delivering on the Africa Portfolio, and Expanding the Work in Other Regions.....................................41 ................................................................................................42 Annex 1: Main Donor Contributions. Annex 2: Portfolio Status...................................................................................................................43 Annex 3: Portfolio Description, Outcomes and Outputs...............................................................48 Annex 4: Lending Leveraging Overview..........................................................................................68 Annex 5: Support to World Bank Country Strategy Formulation.................................................70 Annex 6: Client Countries and Client Entities..................................................................................71 Abbreviations and Acronyms............................................................................................................77 Highlights from DDP Partners..........................................................................................................78 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 MESSAGE FROM THE VICE PRESIDENT As I look back at the past year, I am proud of the impact of the Digital Development Partnership (DDP) and the role you have all played in advancing this important agenda. Digital development, once considered a niche topic, has become a driver for development. Affordable and reliable internet access is now a recognized right and disruptive technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) are changing the way we think about digital transformation. Our clients in low- and middle-income countries are well aware of the disruptive potential of these technologies and want to be at the forefront of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. For low- and middle-income countries, catching up progres- sively is no longer an option and preparing the workforce for the future of work is a priority. Yet, while technology is reshaping our world, the development community must ensure that people, including the most vulnerable, reap the full benefits of the digital revolution. In Africa, the World Bank Group is supporting a continent-wide initiative to help countries transition to a digital economy, with a focus on skills, entrepreneurship, infrastructure, platforms, and financial services. But we all know that with opportunities come risks. Lack of cybersecurity and data privacy as well as the erosion of trust in the digital age have become serious concerns that we must recognize and address collectively. I am glad to see DDP’s expanded, rich and cutting-edge work program on that front. Our upcoming work on AI and 5G addresses the positive and negative impact of new technologies, while the heart of our work focuses on what matters most: making sure that no one is left behind in the digital age. The reason is sim- ple: if we fail to recognize the promise of these new technologies for developing countries and the need to make them safe, affordable and inclusive, we will fail in our mission to promote equitable growth across the world. During the past year, I had the opportunity to interact with many of our partners, both in Washington D.C. and abroad. I am grateful for the inspiring exchange of ideas and calls to action. I look forward to seeing our partnership grow in the year to come. Makhtar Diop Vice President for Infrastructure World Bank 4 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR It is my pleasure to present the The engagements are leading to tangible results. Digital Development Partnership As highlights, support to the establishment of the (DDP) 2019 Annual Review. This first regulator in Ethiopia and more effective sector yearly report presents the results, regulation in Peru have significantly improved milestones, and strategic direc- broadband offering. Governments in Central tion during the last year of DDP. Asia are aiming to establish digital platforms for improved public sector service delivery. Digital This has been a fast and exciting innovation is emerging across many sectors year, with a clear direction of including transport, energy, and agriculture. Seven growth and delivery on the digital agenda. Client demand cybersecurity assessments were carried out in on digital solutions the World Bank is receiving is very Africa and 22 African countries were involved in strong; the World Bank’s lending pipeline on digital the awareness raising and technical assistance development projects is growing; and digital solutions are that was offered alongside the assessments. Ten increasingly mainstreaming across different sectors of countries received cybersecurity-related training World Bank assistance. during training courses in Japan. With the completion of the last fiscal year and the produc- Three new partners joined DDP during 2019, tion of this report, DDP has grown up and is now a fully enriching the platform and bringing significant operational partnership platform. It has started to effec- experience to DDP. In March 2019, we were tively drive the agenda forward, pushing the knowledge delighted to welcome Norway during the Spring front on cutting-edge topics, underpinning development Steering Committee meeting at Mobile World operations with assessment methods, tools, and metrics, Congress in Barcelona. Israel and The Netherlands supporting capacity building and learning, and – last but were warmly welcomed to the partnership in not least – facilitating the operationalization of the agenda summer 2019. through World Bank engagements in client countries. Moving forward, we are keen to keep up a high I am pleased that the work started in the past three years pace of delivery and grow further to match the is bearing fruit. Last year, DDP developed a significant overwhelming client demand. While DDP is moving amount of analytical and knowledge outputs, including in a good direction, actively managing the growth flagship reports such as the titles “Connecting Africa and leveraging knowledge and support from all Through Broadband: A Strategy for Doubling Connectivity partners will remain essential. by 2021 and Reaching Universal Access by 2030” or the “The Digital Economy in Southeast Asia: Building the The scale and pace of the digital agenda, and the Foundations for Future Growth”. Many engagement technical and thought-leadership by many of our activities have helped spread the knowledge, from bigger partners are a prerequisite to secure great devel- conferences and workshops organized jointly with partners opment outcomes. I am immensively grateful to such as at the Transform Africa Summit in Kigali and the all our partners and donors for their collaboration GSMA 360 Africa Series, to smaller discussion sessions in and ongoing support. cities as diverse and as widespread as Addis Ababa, Lima, Colombo, Kigali, and Hanoi. Boutheina Guermazi Director Digital Development World Bank 5 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since its inception three years ago, the Digital Development −− In Ethiopia, DDP-funded work has contributed to the Partnership has grown into a stable and productive realization of the Government of Ethiopia’s vision partnership platform. The Netherlands and Israel joined towards a competitive telecommunications sector in the summer of 2019, bringing the total number of DDP and resulted in a new telecom proclamation. partners to 10. A fourth workplan with new activities – the −− In Jordan, the government has decided to proceed most ambitious yet – was launched in early summer 2019 with a PPP after DDP-funded assistance. The activity and signals significant growth for the DDP portfolio. is a very good example of the Maximizing Finance for Development (MFD) approach, where Bank and DDP has delivered a wide range of knowledge pieces IFC teams jointly delivered technical assistance using and reports in the past year. Most knowledge activities DDP funding. were supported by a conference, workshop, or seminar, −− In Asia, study trips to Japan have contributed to to foster client engagement, awareness raising, and to a wider and more in-depth understanding and disseminate the results of any assessments. Examples: awareness of the cybersecurity threat. This has built −− Broadband report titled “Connecting Africa Through government capacity and regional collaboration Broadband: A strategy for doubling connectivity by founded on a comprehensive approach for a safe 2021 and reaching universal access by 2030”. and secure cyberspace. −− East Africa Single Digital Market Report. −− In Peru, DDP-funded work has helped open the −− Seven cybersecurity assessments for African telecom sector to competition. Expected results countries. include increasing access in remote and rural areas −− Legal, regulatory, and competitive analysis of issues through the promotion of competition, entry of new related to License Regimes, OTT and International operators, and use of new technologies. Gateways Liberalization in the ECOWAS region. DDP strongly leverages World Bank loans and grants −− Digital Economy Readiness Assessments including in as a main success factor for sustainable reform Rwanda, Nigeria, Kenya, Senegal. results. For the last fiscal year, the following lending −− Ethiopia, Policy Options White Paper, and a operations are noted in particular: Communications Services Regulation. −− Ethiopia Digital Foundation Project, around US$300 −− Indonesia/Southeast Asia: “The Digital Economy in million. Southeast Asia: Building the Foundations for Future −− Kenya Digital Economy Acceleration Program, around Growth”, published June 2019. US$500 million. −− World Bank Digital Economy Reports for Cambodia −− Uganda Digital Acceleration Program, around and Vietnam April 2019. US$200 million. −− Innovative Use of Spectrum and Broadband −− Digital Rwanda project, around US$100 million. Expansion 2019 in Peru. −− East Africa Single Digital Market DPO, around US$250 DDP-funded interventions help shape the views million. and understanding of the digital environment and −− Jordan, PPP for Broadband and Digital Platforms, like- efficient sector regulations. Examples: ly the first IFC investment DDP has been supporting. −− Across African countries, digital economy assessments −− Digital Kazakhstan project, around US$220 million. lay the ground for sector reforms and infrastructure −− Digital CASA/Uzbekistan, around US$178.5 million. investments to boost the digital sector. Cybersecurity assessments have started to support policy and legis- −− Digital CASA/Tajikistan, around US$50 million. lative change for stronger cybersecurity protection. −− Peru “911 emergency response” project, US$44 million. 6 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 FY19 saw the development and launch of the Digital African countries and apply a common methodology Economy for Africa (DE4A) initiative at the World framework to understand the political economy Bank, to boost the digital agenda in Africa. The DE4A implications underlying the trend. initiative is designed to support the implementation of −− Education: Developing the Skills Components of 15 the Digital Transformation Agenda of the African Union. African DE4A country interventions: Building on the DDP assists the initiative through knowledge creation analytical work, this activity will support 15 African and technical assistance, helping prepare the ground for countries who have completed their general digital significant investment financing. Examples: economy assessments through dedicated skills −− Angola, Lesotho, Uganda: Digital Economy development programs. Assessments. −− DE4A Impact Evaluation: Conceptualization of the DDP’s global footprint is growing. DDP is currently Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for the World working with 50+ client countries. This reflects a rapid Bank’s support to the DE4A initiative. expansion up from around 25 active client relationships one year ago. DDP is currently assisting 30+ client coun- −− West Africa / ECOWAS: Regulatory Watch Initiative tries in Africa at different levels. Work in East Asia and Phase II: The African Regulatory Watch Initiative Central Asia is at a stable level. The portfolio has room to (ARWI) launched by the World Bank two years ago grow in Latin America. is helping ECOWAS Member States to remove the remaining bottlenecks resulting from closed markets Looking ahead to the next fiscal year, DDP plans to or monopolies and unnecessary regulatory barriers strengthen its external communications. With the lev- to market entry. el of work ongoing and the significance of the reforms −− Feasibility Study to Comprehensively Connect all being achieved, it has become important to better com- African Universities to High-Speed Internet: This municate the results. A communications specialist will be study will include a detailed plan, cost estimates, recruited. In terms of the partnership, a lot of emphasis and feasibility considerations to make universities on regular Steering Committee meetings will ensure that development hubs in Africa through the availability of the partnership remains effective and collaborative while high-speed internet. growing. Last, some partners have shared an interest to −− Governance of the DE4A / Implementation in Africa: further expand the work on the cybersecurity agenda This activity will take a governance perspective on during the fiscal year, an agenda item to be discussed. the ongoing upgrading of the digital infrastructure in 7 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 I. INTRODUCTION: A PARTNERSHIP FOR THE DIGITAL AGE Digital technologies can help address some of the toughest development challenges: providing access to information, overcoming remoteness, exclusion, and disconnects, and offering economic opportunity. World leaders, academics, the private sector, and develop- ment specialists agree on the tremendous potential of using digital technologies for development. The DDP Journey January 2016: Launch of the World February 2017: DDP participation at Summer 2018, Denmark and the United Development Report (WDR 2016), Mobile World Congress 2017, and DDP Kingdom (Foreign and Commonwealth highlighting the digital dividends low- Steering Committee meeting. Office) join DDP. and middle-income countries can reap. Spring 2017: Korea and Japan join as In fall 2018, the first DDP study tour to April 2016: During the World Bank - IMF DDP partners. Seoul is taking place with high-level Spring Meetings, initial discussion on engagements with partners and clients establishing a vehicle to operationalize Summer 2017: Preparation and in Korea. Visit to leading private sector the WDR 2016, in a session on the US allocation of funding for second tranche companies and research institutes. State Department’s Global Connect of DDP funded activities – US$1.7 million Initiative. across 11 activities. October 2018, DDP is launching its third workplan, comprising 16 activities. The October 2016: During the World Bank - October 2017: During the World Bank – Steering Committee confirming the IMF Annual Meetings 2016, the Digital IMF Annual Meetings, DDP is hosting its workplan takes place in Seoul. 2018 DDP Development Partnership (DDP) is first anniversary workshop showcasing Annual Review published. launched with Finland, Microsoft and key DDP activities, and Steering GSMA as founding partners. First DDP Committee meeting. 2017 DDP Annual Steering Committee Meeting. Review published. December 2016: Preparation and allocation of funding for first tranche of DDP funded activities – US$2.1 million across 14 activities. Inception Launch Stabilization 2016 2017 2018 8 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 To leverage digital solutions for development, the World development community and leading global IT firms. Bank’s Digital Development Partnership (DDP) offers The DDP Annual Review 2019 reports on activities and a platform for digital innovation and development results achieved during the last fiscal year.1 It is the third financing. DDP brings public and private sector partners report in the series. Chapter II gives an overview of the together to catalyze support to low- and middle-income main results and the portfolio. Chapter III presents this countries in the articulation and implementation of year’s focus topic: the Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A) digital development strategies and operational work initiative. Chapter IV presents operational highlights programs. As digital progress is fast and primarily across the different activities. Chapter V offers an private sector driven, DDP draws on best practices from outlook and suggestions for the new fiscal year. client countries and the private sector. To this end, DDP is bringing together traditional partners from the Since early 2019, the Digital Economy for In spring and in fall 2019, two cybersecu- Africa DE4A) initiative is driving the digital rity study tours and training events take agenda and boosting client requests for place to Tokyo, bringing together clients DDP assistance. The World Bank from South Asia and East Asia with leading announces $25bn in investments for DE4A cybersecurity specialists from Japan. These until 2030. activities significantly deepen the awareness and knowledge of workshop April 2019, at the World Bank - IMF participants and lead to client requests for Spring Meetings, a DDP-sponsored further assistance in the area of partnership session with ministerial cybersecurity. participation takes place, confirming wide support for the digital agenda in Africa. In summer 2019, DDP is launching its fourth and most comprehensive workplan In May 2019, the World Bank, the African yet, comprising 27 activities with a Union, and the Smart Africa Secretariat funding volume of around USD 11 million. discuss the implementation of the DE4A 1 As the draft DDP Annual Review is discussed every initiative at the Transform Africa Summit October 2019, the yearly DDP Steering year in October at the in Kigali. Committee is taking place at the margins World Bank-IMF Annual of the World Bank - IMF Annual Meetings. Meeting, the reporting year broadly coincides with In summer 2019, Norway, Israel, and the Significant results are being achieved the World Bank’s Fiscal Netherlands (cybersecurity team) are across the DDP portfolio. 2019 DDP Years, which run from July welcomed to DDP. Annual Review published. 1 to June 30 every year. The 2017 Annual Review therefore broadly covered the reporting for FY17 (with a cut-off date end Growth of September 2017). The 2018 Annual Review has covered – broadly – FY18 (with a cut-off date end of September 2018). The 2019 Annual Review at hand covers – broadly – FY19 (with a cut-off date end of 2019 September 2019). 9 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 II. RESULTS, OPERATIONAL BUSINESS, AND PORTFOLIO Since its inception three years ago, the Digital Development Partnership has grown into a stable and productive partnership platform. The Netherlands and Israel joined in the summer of 2019, bringing the total number of DDP partners to 10. A fourth workplan with new activities – the most ambitious yet – was launched in early summer 2019 and signals significant growth for the DDP portfolio. Results are being achieved across the differ- ent activities. Having reached the fourth year of operation means that the initial activities – launched three years ago – have mostly come to an end. DDP has therefore reached a productive circle, with a delivery model that will see new activities start and old activities close on a rolling basis. This chapter offers an overview of the results, portfolio, and partner- ship evolution of DDP. 2016 - 2018 2019 10 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 RESULTS DDP activities may achieve their results on different − Report for Vietnam’s digital economy. levels. In some cases, early engagement with a govern- − Peru, report on Innovative Use of Spectrum and ment may sensitize the client for the digital agenda or let Broadband Expansion 2019. them share relevant reform concepts. In other cases, the reform direction is clear and technical assistance aims Most DDP activities were supported by a conference, to achieve concrete results, such as capacity building or workshop, or seminar, to foster client engagement, policy reforms. Finally, DDP in many cases aims to help awareness raising, and to disseminate the results prepare for more comprehensive lending and invest- of any assessments. Out of the detailed overview ment projects, as these have a stronger and more lasting (Annex 4), the following might be noted in particular: impact. The following sections summarize the main − Two government workshops were held in Rwanda in achievements of the active DDP portfolio (i.e. all activities the context of the development of the Rwanda Digital that are active or have been active during the reporting Economy strategy, in Kigali in January and September cycle since October 2018). 2019. DDP has delivered a wide range of knowledge pieces − One workshop was held on the topic of Ethiopia’s and reports in the past year. Some of these are Digital Economy at the Spring Meetings for the flagship reports with a wide dissemination; others Minister of Finance and the Ethiopian Delegation. are shorter policy notes; and a few are for client use − Several workshops were organized for the Southeast only. Annex 4 offers a detailed picture. The main Asia Digital Economy, including in Hanoi, March 7, highlights include: 2019; Phnom Penh, March 12, 2019; Manila, January − Broadband report titled “Connecting Africa Through 2019; and a report launch workshop in Bangkok in Broadband: A strategy for doubling connectivity by June 2019. 2021 and reaching universal access by 2030”. This − Two study tours were organized to Tokyo on mat- report will be launched during the WBG Annual ters of cybersecurity, on March 25-29, 2018 and Meetings 2019. September 9-13, 2019. − East Africa Single Digital Market Report − A Cybersecurity Stakeholders Workshop was carried − Seven Cybersecurity Maturity Model (CMMs) out in Sri Lanka in August 2019. completed for African countries. − The ECOWAS: Regulatory Watch Initiative presented − Legal, regulatory, and competitive analysis of issues its results at the West Africa - GSMA Mobile 360 related to License Regimes, OTT and International Series in April 2019. Gateways Liberalization in the ECOWAS region. − A range of dissemination sessions were organized for − Rwanda Digital Economy Assessment 2019. the “Innovative Business Models for Expanding Fiber- Optic Networks and Closing the Access Gaps” report, − Nigeria Digital Economy Diagnostic Report 2019. including at the DDP Speaker Series and launch event − Kenya Digital Economy Assessment 2019. in Washington in January 2019; a train-the-trainer − Senegal Digital Economy for Africa Country Diagnostic. workshop in Washington, D.C. in March 2019; and − Ethiopia, Policy Options White Paper, and a a Public-Private Forum hosted by INACOM (NRA in Communications Services Regulation. Angola) in Luanda on April 26, 2019. − Indonesia/Southeast Asia: “The Digital Economy in − Two workshops were carried out in Cambodia present- Southeast Asia: Building the Foundations for Future ing the preliminary findings of the Digital Economy Growth”, published June 2019. Policy work and the final report to the Ministry. − World Bank Digital Economy Report for Cambodia − A hackathon to boost innovation in digital technolo- April 2019. gies and local entrepreneurship in Peru. 11 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 −− The Lake Victoria Challenge (LVC) Trial and Symposium, −− In Jordan, the government has decided to proceed held in Mwanza, Tanzania in October 2018, to present with a PPP after DDP-funded assistance. The activity Autonomous Ariel Systems in Tanzania. is a very good example of the Maximizing Finance −− Other government workshops took place in for Development (MFD) approach, where Bank and Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and other countries. IFC teams jointly delivered technical assistance using DDP funding. In all country-specific work, DDP-funded interven- −− In Asia, study trips to Japan have contributed to tions help shape the views and understanding of a wider and more in-depth understanding and the digital environment and efficient sector regu- awareness of the cybersecurity threat. This has built lations. In some cases, DDP has been instrumental government capacity and regional collaboration to concrete reform progress, a trend that will likely founded on a comprehensive approach for a safe increase in the future. Out of the detailed picture and secure cyberspace. presented in Annex 4, the following might be noted −− In South Asia/Indonesia, the knowledge work in particular: delivered has significantly contributed to increasing −− In Africa, CMMs carried out have started to support awareness among Southeast Asian client govern- policy and legislative change for stronger cyberse- ments of the key policy enablers for digital economy curity protection, as well as encouraging regional development, and to sharing of knowledge and intergration across the continent. They constitute experience between Southeast Asian governments blueprints for World Bank digital economy projects. on digital economy challenges. These are founda- −− In West Africa, analysis and findings of the DDP- tions to build on. funded analytical work are starting to inform policy −− In Cambodia, the policy recommendations were considerations in the ECOWAS countries. accepted by the government and incorporated in −− In Ethiopia, DDP-funded work has contributed to the the 2018 Rectangular Strategy Plan Phase IV and realization of the Government of Ethiopia’s vision to- supported initial preparation of the 15-Year National wards a competitive telecommunications sector and Strategic Framework for the Digital Economy, which resulted in a new telecom proclamation, the opening prioritizes the need to develop the digital economy in of the telecom sector to competition, privatization of Cambodia. the incumbent, with expected results of reduced pric- −− In Vietnam, the Ministry of ICT’s new national ICT es for consumers, sustained growth in the economy, masterplan incorporated a government cloud increased competition in the sector, and the opening computing plan, following the analytical work carried of Ethiopia to foreign direct investment (FDI). out through DDP. −− In Rwanda, work has helped identify key interventions −− In Peru, DDP-funded work has helped open the needed to accelerate digital transformation there, telecom sector to competition, supporting the informing the development of a pipeline US$100 adoption of three regulatory acts: (i) Supreme Decree million ‘Digital Rwanda’ program (expected in FY21). modifying the telecommunications regulation, −− In Nigeria, the activity has contributed to ongoing approved on January 24, 2018; (ii) Supreme Decree policy and programmatic discussions around the role approving the Specific Regulation for the Reordering of the digital economy in redefining and accelerating of a frequency band approved on October 22, Nigeria’s growth trajectory by assessing the country’s 2018; and (iii) Ministerial Resolution modifying the central challenges and opportunities for growth. National Frequency Allocation Plan, approved on July 8, 2019. Expected results include increasing access −− The work in Tanzania on autonomous ariel systems in remote and rural areas through the promotion of informs regulations in multiple states relating to the competition, entry of new operators, and use of new use of unmanned aerial vehicles as well as informing technologies. the capacity of regional bodies such as ICAO and CASSOA for advising member states. 12 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 OPERATIONAL BUSINESS World Bank analytical work, technical assistance work, The following interactions with the World Bank Group’s and infrastructure investments lead to the highest lending and investment activities are noted in particular: development outcomes if the different instruments are leveraged. Analytical work usually prepares the Ethiopia Digital around ground for more significant investments by assessing a Foundation Project $300m USD client situation and determining investment needs and Kenya Digital Economy around expected outcomes. Technical assistance can support Acceleration Program $500m USD on matters of policy reform and enabling environment. Comprehensive loans and grants (financed by the World Uganda Digital around Acceleration Program $200m USD Bank or possibly also other development banks and commercial financiers) will do the heavy lifting by fi- Digital Rwanda’ around nancing infrastructure or comprehensive human capital project $100m USD development efforts. For these reasons, DDP aims to East Africa Single Digital around work as much as possible in support of the preparation, Market DPO $250m USD execution, or ex-post evaluation of World Bank Group lending and investment projects. Jordan, PPP for Broadband likely the first IFC investment and Digital Platforms DDP has been supporting In some cases, DDP supports complementary engage- Digital Kazakhstan project around $220m USD ments and analysis before the lending project begins. In Digital CASA / around other cases, the lending project is already ongoing, or Uzbekistan $178.5m USD the digital agenda is only a small component of a larger umbrella lending project. With these considerations in Digital CASA / around Tajikistan $50m USD mind, Annex 5 presents the main investment projects DDP has positively interacted with during the past FY. Peru “911 emergency $44m USD DDP’s estimated leveraging factor is in the range of response” project US$2 billion-2.5 billion – up from around US$800 million last year. COUNTRY STRATEGIES The below lists the countries in which DDP has helped −− Africa (AFR): Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, shaped the World Bank’s general intervention strategy, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Digital as it is expressed in the World Bank’s Country Partnership Economy for Africa (DE4A), African Union Digital Frameworks or similar strategy documents. These Transformation Strategy documents are of high relevance for World Bank opera- −− East Asia & Pacific (EAP): Cambodia, Philippines, tions as they determine the general intervention strategy Timor-Leste of the Bank in a given country. A solid demonstration of −− Europe and Central Asia (ECA): Kyrgyzstan, the digital agenda in these strategy documents reflects Uzbekistan the client government’s interest in the agenda and lays the groundwork for future investments and operational −− Latin America & Caribbean (LCR): Peru advances of the digital sector in the country. −− Middle East & North Africa (MNA): --- −− South Asia (SAR): Pakistan, Digital Economy for South Asia (DE4SA) 13 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 PORTFOLIO The DDP portfolio grew significantly in FY19 with the The cybersecurity window includes several activities that launch of the fourth workplan. The addition of 27 new take a programmatic approach, delivering many country activities, represented an increase as compared to assessments and technical assistance activities within a previous years (Tranche 1 included 15 activities, tranche small number of individual grants. While this bundling 2 included 14 activities, and tranche 3 included 16 activi- may seem to have a diluting effect in the charts below, ties). The launch of the DE4A initiative coincided with the it is important to note the relevance and magnitude of start of this 4th larger and more ambitious work plan, these condensed activities. presenting an opportunity for effective programming of the higher funding levels available to the DDP. The balance between DDP’s country-specific work and global knowledge work continues to show an emphasis The DDP’s remains balanced across windows/topic on the country-level engagements. All tranches of the areas, although a greater emphasis on a more holistic portfolio have featured a higher level of country-specific approach to the digital economy has subsumed many work compared to global knowledge work, and the activities under this topic area (including connectivity fourth tranche follows the same principle. The current and other digital government reform areas). split is 60 percent/40 percent; a split closer to 70/30 could be envisaged in the future. Figure 1: Portfolio Development by DDP Windows/Topic Areas Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Mainstreaming Digital Cybersecurity Technologies 6.3% Data and Indicators 3 1 4 8 17.7% Digital Economy 3 1 6 12 Data and Internet Access Indicators Cybersecurity – 3 1 1 for All Activities under 20.3% 13.9% each Window Internet Access for All 3 1 3 4 (Tranches 1-4) Digital Government 3 3 1 4 Digital Digital Government Economy Mainstreaming Digital 2 3 2 7 13.9% 27.8% Technologies Figure 2: Portfolio Development Global Knowledge vs. Country-Specific Activities Global Knowledge vs. Country-Specific Activities 35.3 38.9 64.7% 61.1% Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Global Knowledge & Country Specific Activities by Window (Year 1-4) 39.2 Cybersecurity 60.8% Data and Indicators Digital Economy Global Knowledge Years 1 - 4 Digital Government Country specific Internet Access for All Mainstreaming Digital Technologies 0 5 10 15 20 25 14 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In terms of geographical coverage, DDP is currently rity-related workshops and other soft capacity-building working with 50+ client countries. This reflects a rapid formats. Future work will likely deepen these relation- expansion of its global footprint, up from around 25 ships. Work in East Asia and Central Asia is at a stable active client relationships one year ago. In Africa, DDP is level. The portfolio in South Asia is seeing an increase currently assisting 30+ client countries, although at quite with the latest workplan, based on the comprehensive different levels. While some client relationships are close digital economy assessments that are planned for all and DDP is the main source of support (through assess- countries in that region. The portfolio remains weak so ments and technical assistance), other countries have far in the Latin America region, despite the successful benefitted from DDP funding as an initial exposure to work DDP has supported in Peru. the agenda, such as through participation in cybersecu- Figure 3: Geographical Overview of DDP-Funded Activities Africa (AFR) Ghana Niger East Asia & Europe and Latin America Middle East South Asia African Union Guinea Nigeria Pacific (EAP) Central Asia & Caribbean & North (SAR) Angola Guinea-Bissau Rwanda Cambodia (ECA) (LCR) Africa (MNA) Afghanistan Benin Ivory Coast Senegal Indonesia Armenia Saint Lucia, Egypt Bangladesh Botwsana Kenya Sierra-Leone Lao PDR Belarus Grenada, Iraq Bhutan Burkina Faso Lesotho Somalia Malaysia Kazakhstan Saint Vincent, Jordan India Burundi Liberia South Africa Myanmar Kyrgyzstan Dominica Maldives Capo Verde Mauritania Tanzania Philippines Moldova Peru Nepal Chad Malawi The Gambia Thailand Tajikistan Pakistan Djibouti Mali Togo Vietnam Ukraine Sri Lanka Ethiopia Mauritius Uganda Uzbekistan Gambia Namibia Yemen PARTNERSHIP During FY19, DDP saw three new funding partners 10, adding two to three new partners every year since joining. In February 2019, at Mobile World Congress, mid-2016. This reflects a dynamic growth of the partner- Norway joined the DDP Steering Committee and has ship, steadily developing the agenda with an increased since then supported a significant advancement of the knowledge offering and a growing portfolio. More agenda and work program. During summer 2019, Israel partners may join over the next two years. Attracting and the Netherlands joined DDP. With these additions, additional private sector partners also remains a focus the number of DDP funding partners has increased to for FY20. 15 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 III. SUPPORTING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY FOR AFRICA (DE4A) INITIATIVE The Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A) initiative, launched in Fy19, aims to boost the digital agenda in Africa. The initiative aims to digitally enable every African indi- vidual, business, and government by 2030. Its pillars are: (i) Digital Infrastructure, (ii) Digital Skills, (iii) Digital Platforms, (iv) Digital Financial Services, and (v) Digital Entrepreneurship. By setting an ambitious, long-term vision for harnessing digital technologies alongside short- and medi- um-term targets, the initiative caters to di- verse levels of digital development across the continent and mobilizes far-reaching action by governments, development partners, and the private sector. 16 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 The DE4A initiative is designed to support the imple- of the DE4A initiative. Building on its client relations in mentation of the Digital Transformation Agenda of the Africa and its existing portfolio of technical assistance African Union. It is based on a home-grown, inclusive, and development financing on the continent, the World and collaborative approach. It is fully aligned with Bank is in a position to rapidly escalate its works to put the EU-AU Digital Economy Task Force launched in in place necessary foundations for the digital economy December 2018 in Vienna. DE4A also relies on the UN and create an enabling environment for inclusive digital Broadband Commission Working Group on Broadband development, while mitigating related downside risks, for All, chaired by the World Bank, that collaboratively such as cybersecurity and data privacy. In terms of its developed a roadmap and action plan for universal own targets, the World Bank has committed to provide broadband connectivity in Africa. US$25 billion in development financing between 2018 and 2030 to implement DE4A, and to leverage another The World Bank Group is a close partner in the concep- US$25 billion in external financing, including from the tualization, technical implementation, and financing private sector. Figure 4: Digital Economy for Africa Initiative / DE4A Five Pillar Model DE4A initi tiv : Ev r Afric n individu l, busin ss nd ov rnm nt is Di it ll En bl d* b 2030 DIGITAL DIGITAL DIGITAL DIGITAL FINANCIAL DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE SKILLS PLATFORMS SERVICES ENTREPRENEURSHIP Universal Internet All 15 year old Doubling of Universal Access to Tripling the number network coverage students with basic Online Services Digital Financial of new digitally- ‘digital skills’ Index rating for all Services enabled businesses Affordable Internet competencies Governments created annually for Al at less than 2% Africa-wide (TBC) of GNI per capita 100,000 graduates All individuals are payments in advanced digital able to prove their infrastructure/ Financing for Venture Interim Milestone skills programs identity digitally platform in place Capital to reach .25% Doubling broadband annually of GDP (TBC) connectivity by 2021 At least 50% of the population regularly uses the Internet to access Government or Commercial services *Being “Digitally Enabled” implies having digitally-enabled access to services, markets, opportunities. The WBG’s Digital Adoption Index may be a relevant indicator for measuring this, complemented by the headline measures above for the 5 foundations. 17 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Based on these arrangements, the teams in charge of logic, taking an ecosystem approach to simultaneously the agenda at the World Bank Group have energet- address both demand- and supply-side challenges of the ically scaled up the work during the past fiscal year. digital agenda. In many countries, these assessments This meant the launch of a series of digital economy have led to, or are in the process of leading to, digital assessments in countries all over the African continent. economy lending projects, which allow for more signifi- Assessments follow the above mentioned five-pillar cant infrastructure and policy financing. Figure 5: Digital Economy for Africa Initiative / Country Diagnostics Spain Turkey Status Country Completed FY20 in progress FY20 requested Tunisia Angola West Bank & Gaza Iran Botswana Algeria Burundi Libya Egypt Saudi Cameroon Arabia India Central African Republic Cote D’Ivoire Egypt Sudan Yemen Senegal Eswatini Gabon Nigeria Ghana Cote D'ivoire Central African Republic Kenya Cameroon Lesotho Kenya Liberia Sao Tome & Principe Madagascar Rwanda Seychelles Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Angola Nigeria Mozambique Zambia Rwanda Sao Tome & Principe Zimbabwe Madagascar Mauritius Senegal Botswana Seychelles Eswatini South Africa Togo Lesotho South Africa Tunisia West Bank & Gaza Zambia Map based on Longitude (generated) and Latitude (generated). Color shows about Status. The marks are labeled by Country. Status Zimbabwe Completed FY20 in progress FY20 requested Status (color) broken down by Status vs. Country. Details are shown for Country DE4A Country Diagnostics Progress Status DDP provides critical assistance to the DE4A initiative. for analytics and intellectual underpinnings, such as, for Funding by DDP strategically assists knowledge creation example, to define a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) and technical assistance activities, and helps prepare the logframe for the initiative, or to clarify the interaction ground for the planned, significant investment financing. of higher degrees of digitization with poverty levels DDP has supported country engagement in African and social inclusion. The below graphs and tables give countries since its inception, and the recent boost of some insights into the relevance of the work in Africa, the digital agenda in Africa has been enabled by com- and some of the main DDP-funded activities recently prehensive DDP support with new and much needed launched in support of the DE4A initiative.The initiative grants. Some of these grants enable the execution of has also opened up opportunities in other regions country-level digital economy assessments based on including South Asia, the Carribean, and others. the defined methodology (as above). Other grants allow 18 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Figure 6: DDP Support to the DE4A Initiative SAR Mainstreaming Digital 17.7% Technologies Cybersecurity MENA 26.0% 20.3% 17.7% Data and LAC Africa Indicators Share of Funding 17.7% Activities by 45.8% in the Africa 3.1% Region Portfolio ECA (Years 1-4) 13.9% Internet Access Digital for All Economy EAP 26.8% 23.8% 18.8% Breakdown of DDP Funding by Region, all Years Breakdown of DDP Funding in Africa, by Window Figure 7: DDP Direct Support to the DE4A Initiative Window 2: Digital Economy Angola: Digital Economy Assessment Country-level Digital Economy Assessments Cote d’Ivoire: Digital Economy Assessment Country-level Digital Economy Assessments Lesotho: Digital Economy Assessment Country-level Digital Economy Assessments Uganda: Digital Economy Assessment Country-level Digital Economy Assessments DE4A Impact Evaluation Conceptualization of the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for the World Bank’s support to the DE4A initiative. West Africa / ECOWAS: Regulatory Watch The African Regulatory Watch Initiative (ARWI) launched by the World Bank two years ago is helping Initiative Phase II ECOWAS Member States to remove the remaining bottlenecks resulting from closed markets or monopolies and unnecessary regulatory barriers to market entry. Window 4: Broadband for All Feasibility Study to Comprehensively Connect all This study will include a detailed plan, cost estimates, and feasibility considerations to make African Universities to High-Speed Internet universities development hubs in Africa through the availability of high-speed internet. Window 5: Digital Government Governance of the DE4A / Implementation in This activity will take a governance perspective on the ongoing upgrading of the digital infrastruc- Africa ture in African countries and apply a common methodology framework to understand the political economy implications underlying the trend. Window 6: Mainstreaming Digital Solutions Education: Developing the Skills Components of Building on the analytical work, this activity will support 15 African countries who have completed 15 African DE4A country interventions their general digital economy assessments through dedicated skills development programs. Excerpt from DDP’s Fourth Workplan 19 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Figure 8: DDP Complementary Activities in Support to the DE4A Initiative Window 1: Data and Indicators Fragility, Conflict and Violence as a Context for A study to better understand the ways in which digital technologies interact with FCV societies and the Development for Digital Economies document the risks that are associated with the introduction and uptake of digital technologies in FCV countries, particularly in remote, rural and nomadic communities. Gender Dimensions of the Digital Economy A pilot activity to squarely put the gender dimension on the digital development map, in particular in Africa as part of the DE4A initiative. Poverty and Welfare Benefits of Digitalization An assessment of possible welfare gains and losses, reviewing in particular if digital technologies will replace existing jobs, or rather reduce informality and spur economic activity in the informal sector. Leveraging Data for Development Deep dive into policies that promote sustainable, data-driven development by promoting sustaina- ble, data-driven business models. Artificial Intelligence for Development This activity aims at developing a framework of enabling policies for client countries to harness AI for development and mitigate associated risks. Window 2: Digital Economy Digital Regulation Online Handbook This activity will result in a new regulatory handbook, replacing the successful but dated main, ICT regulatory handbook which has for many years served as the global reference. Competition Policy in Digital Markets This activity will mostly create a discussion forum to listen to the voices of regulators, the private sector, and experts as to competition policy trends in the digital age. Window 4: Broadband for All Reaching the Bottom 10%: Financing, Policy and The objective of this activity is to conduct country-level assessments and diagnostic reviews, compile Regulatory Models and Country Case Studies international best practices and suggest a framework, action plan and recommendations for a new and future model for Universal Service Fund (USF). Window 6: Mainstreaming Digital Solutions Agriculture: Pilot Engagement for a DE4A This activity will support the development of a proof of concept and minimum viable product for a Lending Project focused on the Agri Sector large-scale digital platform for big data in agriculture. Excerpt from DDP’s Fourth Workplan 20 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 21 IV. OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS The past fiscal year saw good progress across all DDP topic areas. Most of the activities DDP launched at the very begin- ning of its life-cycle three years ago have now been completed. Activities launched in years two and three are at a different stage of delivery. The comprehensive workplan launched in summer 2019 has seen some of its activities starting, while others will start during the next weeks. The following aims at presenting some of the key highlights and success stories in an illustrative format. All activities are covered in full in the annexes. Image: Sala Lewis/World Bank DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 DATA AND INDICATORS Under its first workstream on Data and Indicators, power individuals to take more control of their personal DDP seeks to scale up the use of data and indicators to data. The report was formally launched during the DDP benchmark and advance the readiness of low- and mid- workshop in Seoul on October 16-17, 2018, with a DC dle-income countries in reaping digital dividends. launch on October 30, 2018, in the context of the DDP Speaker Series. During FY19, work focused on dissem- The major deliverable thus far under this topic win- ination of the report and the operationalization of the dow has been the 2018 edition of the Information and results through integration in the work program of the Communication for Development Report: Data-driven Digital Development Global Practice. A good example Development, the fourth in the series. The report exam- of this is the new program of technical assistance to the ines how better information can foster better policies. Government of Kazakhstan on the design of a national It aims to help firms and governments in developing data strategy. About 35 economies around the world countries unlock the value in the data they hold to are currently drafting data protection legislation and are improve service delivery and decision making, and em- therefore able to benefit from the analysis presented. 23 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Three activities within the Data and Indicators window A third-year research activity focusing on assessing are expected to produce deliverables and close within emerging policy and regulatory responses to Harnessing the next several months. The Doing Business Digitally Artifical Intelligence (AI) for Development is making activity – a proposal to better assess the business good progress. The team is currently completing a re- environment for digital enterprises modelled on the view of implication of AI for development and analysis of World Bank’s yearly Doing Business series of reports – emerging practices in AI policies, strategies, and regula- has completed data collection, launched a webpage to tory approaches across a select set of countries globally, present the data, and published a short working paper to compile a knowledge base of existing measures to on the topic. The Tanzania Poverty Diagnostic – a house- serve as a guiding foundation. The scope will include two hold survey examining the linkages between the use deep, illustrative, country case studies. A draft report will of ICT and pathways out of poverty – has cleaned and conclude this first research phase and offer a basis for analyzed its data along the dimensions (i) of inclusion/ discussion in late 2019. exclusion – demographic characteristics of who has or does not have access to a mobile phone; (ii) reasons for Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, exclusion – based on income, education, gender etc.; DDP will start an ambitious set of knowledge activities (iii) usage – common usage of mobile phones; and (iv) fundamental for the digital agenda and its develop- impact – benefits of using mobile phones (increase in ment relevance. This workplan comprises work on the income, time spared etc.). A Survey on Use of Digital interaction of Digital Technologies and Situations of Technology by SMEs – an investigation into the adoption Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV); an activity to put and use of digital technologies by small- and medi- the Gender Agenda squarely on the digital development um-sized enterprises – has completed a literature review map; an investigation of Poverty and Welfare Benefits of 291 academic articles and has developed a survey of Digitization; and a flagship activity on Digital Data for instrument covering use of basic and advanced technol- Development. Annex 3 offers a more detailed overview. ogies, e-commerce, digital security, technology adoption in business processes, and barriers to adoption was de- veloped as a public good. This survey has already been tested in Moldova, Armenia, Pakistan, and Malaysia. DIGITAL ECONOMY ENABLING ENVIRONMENT DDP’s Digital Economy topic window has in the past The past fiscal year saw the completion of the Digital fiscal year continued its steep growth. The main driver of Economy Assessment activity, which was DDP’s launch the work has been the Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A) activity to better define and conceptualize the digital initiative, which is built on a holistic concept of digital economy work space. This activity has resulted in the development very much aligned with the perspective common framework for the digital economy now used this window has promoted from the beginning. DDP across countries, giving the digital economy work a has been able to help shape this agenda during the holistic concept. It also provided inputs into international past fiscal year, which meant some investments into the discussion fora such as the G20. Deliberations led by the concept and into related knowledge products. In the World Bank at the Transform Africa Summit in Kigali in past year, nearly all focus has been on implementation, spring 2019 were instrumental in boosting the digital which translated into a long list of country assessments. economy concept in Africa. These assessments are typically the first step to a more comprehensive engagement with the client country through a World Bank loan or grant. 24 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In Indonesia, work has contributed to increasing logistics as inputs to the main report. A long list of awareness among Southeast Asian client governments engagement activities was carried out, including a of the key policy enablers for the digital economy and to Southeast Asia Digital Economy Workshop in Hanoi on sharing knowledge and experience between Southeast March 7, 2019, a Cambodia Digital Economy Workshop Asian governments on digital economy challenges. The in Phnom Penh on March 12, 2019, a Philippines Digital principal deliverable is the final report on The Digital Economy Workshop in Manila in January 2019, a report Economy in Southeast Asia: Building the Foundations launch workshop in Bangkok in June 2019, and a pres- for Future Growth (published June 2019). Background entation at the GSMA Digital Societies Kuala Lumpur in papers were also prepared on connectivity, skills and September 2019. 25 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In Central Asia, digital economy assessments were carried out in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. This involved presentations and other intellectual input into the government strategy, along with workshops and online surveys for stakeholder engagements. Findings and policy recommendations have guided the development of the Digital Kyrgyzstan 2019-2023 concept and its implementation roadmap. These efforts have also con- tributed to the preparation and approval of the Digital CASA-Kyrgyzstan project that was officially ratified by the Parliament of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2019. In Uzbekistan, the government is using the assessments to inform the Digital CASA KG project preparation and Digital Uzbekistan 2030 strategy design. More client demand exists also in Tajikistan and Armenia. In Senegal, support has been offered in gaining a holistic the adoption of the Digital Senegal Strategy (SN2025) perspective of the country’s readiness for a digital trans- and the recently adopted (December 2018) Code on formation in line with the recently (October 2016) adopt- Electronic Communications ends a long period of regula- ed national strategy for the Digital Economy (“Sénégal tory uncertainty, inadequate regulatory framework, and numérique”) that establishes clear policy orientations governance complexity. Future assistance may zoom in to promote competition and establish an improved on two-to-three sectors, such as digital ID, digital taxa- governance model for the ICT sector. As a direct result, tion, and digital port handling. 26 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In Nigeria, analytical work has involved a diagnostic In Kenya, some of the funds earmarked for Rwanda assessment of the five DE4A foundational pillars (Digital could also be used to contribute towards the develop- Entrepreneurship, Digital Financial Services, Digital ment of the Kenya Digital Economy assessment which Infrastructure, Digital Platforms and Digital Skills). covered both national and regional issues and contrib- Assessments were undertaken by a team of World Bank uted to the recommendations for the SDM Development technical specialists representing the different areas. The Policy Lending. While not originally envisaged, the outcome is a robust DE4A country assessment report. impact at national and regional level has been signifi- The report is forthcoming this calendar year. Follow-on cant. The Digital Economy Assessment framework and work in terms of dissemination and further engage- findings were utilized by the government to develop ments is currently being discussed with the government. Kenya’s digital economy blueprint, launched by President Kenyatta at the Transform Africa summit in May 2019. It In Rwanda, work has supported a cross-cutting as- has also led to a forthcoming request for the siginficant sessment of Rwanda’s digital economy ecosystem, Kenya Digital Economy Acceleration lending program based on the DE4A diagnostic toolkit. The assessment (KDEAP). It has further supported the commitment of reviewed the current state of the five DE4A foundations Kenya to join the Single Digital Market DPF program. in Rwanda, namely (i) Digital Infrastructure, (ii) Digital Skills, (iii) Digital Financial Services, (iv) Digital Platforms, In South Africa, the South African Department of and (v) Digital Entrepreneurship. It helped pinpoint the Telecommunications and Postal Services (DTPS) request- strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities pertaining to ed World Bank assistance to support its digital policies the development of each DE4A foundation, as well as in July 2018. A cross-departmental workshop to present the digital economy overall. The assessment also applied initial insights was held on November 1, 2018, and was a regional lens, examining how Rwanda might benefit followed by a decision to launch a DE4A diagnostic in from further regional integration through the creation South Africa. This activity has provided the resources to of a single digital market in East Africa. To carry out carry out the diagnostic and to provide targeted support the work, a field-mission to Kigali took place in January for national ICT policy processes. Work was initiated 2019, which allowed for extensive consultations with formally in early 2019 and a decision meeting on the stakeholders – spanning the public and private sector, report was held in May 2019. Consultations with the civil society, academia, and development partners. government are ongoing in order to finalize the report Preliminary and final diagnostic findings were presented for publication. to and validated by representatives of key government ministries in connection with this and follow-up missions In Egypt, work consisted of advice to the government to Kigali in May and September 2019. A final summary to provide a baseline for Egypt to assess its gap with report, based on a more in-depth background papers respect to best practice experience in digital economy series covering all five DE4A foundations, is forthcoming solutions. A deep dive workshop jointly hosted by the this calendar year. Together, these reports provide a World Bank and IFC, with the Egyption Ministry MCIT snapshot of the current state of Rwanda’s digital econ- and its affiliates, discussed three key areas: TowerCos, omy and inform a proposed US$100 million ‘Digital fiber infrastructure and data/cloud infrastructure. As a Rwanda’ program for FY21, which would attempt to ad- result of these preparatory activities funded by the DDP, dress key issues identified. Recommendations made are a concrete opportunity for sigificant FDI in the sector equally informing a regional World Bank Development exists, which would help Egypt meet its objectives of Policy Operation on the Single Digital Market. increased broadband coverage and speed. The poten- tial to develop a comprehensive approach to market liberalization is concrete and will be discussed further as the work advances. 27 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, next milestones, the digital economy concept will be the expansion of the work in the digital economy space brought to South Asia, where a set of eight Digital is ambitious. Similar digital economy country assess- Economy Assessments in South Asia is planned. Further ments are planned in Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Lesotho, engagement in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia and Uganda. A conceptual activity will strengthen the region – covering Ukraine, Belarus, and Tajikistan, Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for the DE4A complement the package. Iniative, so that results can be duly monitored. In the CYBERSECURITY During the past fiscal year, the DDP’s cybersecurity tour inviting representatives from 10 Asian countries window has scaled up its activity through two regional (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, umbrella delivery programs, one in Africa and a newer Lao PDR, Myanmar, the Philippines, India, and Vietnam.) one in Asia. At the same time, the cybersecurity window The study tour consisted of classroom sessions facilitat- has continued to develop knowledge, analytical, and ed by Government of Japan officials and site visits to a advocacy work. national research institution and private sector compa- nies. The study tour also provided a networking oppor- Two study tours and training courses were delivered this tunity for these four countries’ participants to learn from fiscal year under the Cybersecurity Global Knowledge each other and foster regional and global collaboration. and Engagement Activity. These tours took place A technical hands-on training for technical participants in Japan in March and September 2019, with each deepened their practical knowledge. Image: Cybersecurity Study Tour in Japan, September 2019 28 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Comprehensive work has been carried out under the their level of cybersecurity preparedness; identify com- Africa Cyber Security Capacity Building Program. This mon challenges and opportunities; and work towards a includes technical assistance and knowledge sharing harmonized approach to cybersecurity responsiveness based programs consisting of study tours, regional within the region. Over 20 countries attended the two clinics, and analytical assessments. Most in-depth cybersecurity clinics, including Burundi, Djibouti, Ghana, support is currently being offered to Nigeria, Ghana, and Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Somalia, Kenya. Each country is receiving support related to policy Tanzania, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, and strategy, institutional and administrative robust- The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Niger, ness, and critical infrastructure information protection. Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra-Leone, and Togo. Cyber Security Maturity Model Assessments (CMMs) are being conducted in about 20 African countries including The Asia Cybersecurity Program follows in the footsteps Namibia, Botswana, Mauritius, Lesotho, Cameroon, of the more advanced Africa program. In three coun- Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, tries, cybersecurity CMM Assesments are suggested in Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, three Asian Countries. Work has started in Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Burkina Faso. To date CMMs with a Cybersecurity Stakeholders Workshop completed have been completed in Namibia, Botswana, Mauritius, in August 2019, and the assessment report is under Lesotho, The Gambia, Niger and Côte D’Ivoire. The preparation. Work may start in two other countries – CMM is a comprehensive diagnostic tool that assesses a subject to further discussions – shortly. country’s cybersecurity maturity level in order to identify, mitigate against, and respond to any cybersecurity Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, threat to their digital assets. As part of the regional the emerging work includes a comprehensive activity on integration focus, the World Bank Group organized a Cybersecurity in Public Utilities, including knowledge series of regional workshops in Uganda and Ghana for development and country applications. DDP is also ECOWAS, East African Community, and Commonwealth deepening its strategic relations with GFCE and is in the African countries. The objectives of these clinics were to process to better define its collaboration model and the provide African countries with a platform to benchmark joint agenda. INTERNET ACCESS FOR ALL The DDP has made progress on the Internet Access for All work area through the delivery of influences knowl- edge pieces and concrete development outcomes in several client countries. . In terms of knowledge development, the Strategic Plan for Doubling Broadband Connectivity in Africa and Middle East stands out. This is a global reference report which prescribes a strategic action plan to achieve the universal connectivity goal which estimates the invest- ment needs and helps define how to operationalize DE4A strategy for digital infrastructure. This report had been proposed by the World Bank in the relevant UN Broadband Commission Working Group. In addition to 29 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 this Working Group, the team convened a multi-stake- The report Innovative Business Models for Expanding holder consultation group with key ICT industry actors Fiber-Optic Networks and Closing the Access Gaps is a to ensure broader representation and engagement – 10 major publication for DDP and provides an analytical consultation meetings have so far been carried out. underpinning for the World Bank Group’s work on Throughout this process, in the spirit of open com- expanding access to broadband connectivity to all. The munication and inclusivity, the consultation members report reviews 70 internet-related infrastructure pro- were encouraged to provide feedback to the modeling/ jects and innovative last-mile solutions from across the calculation process, as well as sharing policy briefs world, spanning all segments of the broadband value explaining their company’s/organization’s suggested chain – international connectivity, national backbone, technology and policy approach to doubling connectivity middle mile, and last mile – and provides a framework and reaching full coverage in Africa (including invest- to analyze their applicability based on key attributes and ment estimates associated with each investment option). measures that contribute to their relative success. The As a result of the strong dynamic within the Working report was launched on January 24, 2019, at the World Group, the team has collected more than 100 pages Bank as part of the DDP Speaker Series. Following the of comments on the report – most of them have been launch, the report has been disseminated at global, addressed. The official launch of the report is planned regional and national events, as well as by Task Team during the World Bank Group - IMF Annual Meetings on Leaders in their client countries, to continue its integra- October 17, 2019. tion with the Broadband for All work program. Between December 2018 and September 2019, the report was downloaded 4,100 times. 30 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In terms of country-level work, an important activity consultations. Based on the analytical work and en- has supported an Innovative Spectrum Management gagements from January to June 2019 the government in Peru. Analytical work carried out allowed to deter- started a consultation with the private sector for the re- mine the status quo of current spectrum usage in Peru farming of specific bands aiming at promoting the entry and provide advice on applicable innovative spectrum of new operators as well as the use of new technologies sharing practices, as well as efficient use of spectrum (5G or TV white spaces). Policy changes for promoting management, based on conducting and subsequently spectrum leasing and spectrum secondary markets were analyzing results of a spectrum measurement survey implemented and a reduction in the license price for and expectations of future demand, and supporting the operators that deploy infrastructure in rural, poor, and project team in conducting stakeholder interviews and remote areas, was observed. 31 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In Jordan, a technical assistance activity has supported the development of the Next Generation Network PPP. Work supported the development of the business plan, legal due diligence, and engineering assessments of a potential PPP based on a fiber optics network. Jordan has decided to proceed with the PPP as a result of the preparatory activities funded by the DDP. The activity is a good example of a Maximizing Finance for Development (MFD) approach, where World Bank and IFC teams jointly delivered technical assistance to inform a strategic decision of the Government of Jordan, and helped the Government market the opportunity with investors, re- sulting in a request to IFC to act as a transaction advisor. In Ethiopia, work on a Telecom Sector Reform has by introducing two new mobile licenses in the country. contributed to the realization of the Government of The activity has established strong collaborations among Ethiopia’s vision of a competitive telecommunications different WBG units. The Digital Development team took sector, and resulted in a new telecom proclamation, the the lead in the regulatory foundations, establishing the opening of the telecom sector to competition, privatiza- new telecommunications proclamation, as well as the tion of the incumbent, with expected results of reduced new independent regulator. IFC will lead the efforts prices for consumers, sustained growth in the economy, in introducing competition in the market. The activity increased competition in the sector, and the opening of has also led to a new lending program for the country Ethiopia to foreign direct investment (FDI). The overall titled Ethiopia Digital Foundations, which is a joint effort activity is also supporting the partial privatization of between the Digital Development team and the World Ethio Telecom, as well as the introduction of competition Bank’s Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation group. 32 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In East Africa, the main deliverable under the Single support implementation of the SDM across the northern Digital Market activity thus far has been the publication corridor countries (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, and South of the East Africa Single Digital Market (SDM) Report. Sudan), including a launch event for the report and Stakeholder consultations and project development regulators roundtable at the Transform Africa Summit in to support implementation of the recommendations May 2019, as well as a regional workshop in Mombasa of the report have begun. To date, DDP funds were in July 2019. The DPF program is expected to support utilized to carry out the economic and financial analysis priority coordinated reforms and policy actions among and graphic design of the SDM report (which was also the participating northern corridor countries to achieve co-sponsored by a different grant). Work also included a SDM. It would be the first regional IDA-financed DPF dissemination of the report findings and development ever approved by the Bank. The work is ongoing. of the development policy financing (DPF) program to 33 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In West Africa, the Africa Regulatory Watch Initiative (ARWI) is focusing on analysis and technical assistance to the ECOWAS countries on Licensing Regimes, OTTs, and International Gateway Liberalization. During the past fiscal year, the work focused on a legal, regulatory and competitive analysis (March 2019), a Model of the ARWI index, benchmark and comparisons. It became apparent that the regional framework was outdated and not ori- ented to the development of broadband, as the licensing regime is restrictive; new players such as OTTs are not taken into account; taxation is in some cases not suitable for infrastructure roll-out; unregulated public monop- olies on national/international transmission capacity markets exist; and a lack of transparency regarding the interconnection and/or access of operators’ catalogues hinders market development. The activity is ongoing in a second phase. Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, three activities are just starting. The 5G Flagship Activity: 5G as an Opportunity to Leapfrog Development will bring about awareness around 5G and IoT technology and provide a platform to discuss the implications of the technology for development. Further, work will include a Feasibility Study to Comprehensively Connect all African Universities to High-Speed Internet. Last, an activity is planned on Reaching the Bottom 10%: Financing, Policy and Regulatory Models and Country Case Studies to connect the bottom of the pyramid with broadband. 34 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 DIGITAL GOVERNMENT Over the past year, the DDP has developed analytical ernment readiness assessments and related just-in-time work and executed some country-level activities through technical assistance to client agencies in both countries its Digital Government work area. to ensure more effective project design and implemen- tation. In Kyrgyzstan, the DGRA report was completed in The objective of the Digital Government Readiness October 2018 and key recommendations to stakeholders Assessment (DGRA) is to assess the current state of were conducted on February 11, 2019. In Uzbekistan, the readiness of a government to adopt and leverage DGRA report was completed and presented to the client disruptive technologies, towards better online public in April 2019. service delivery. As a strategic planning tool, the DGRA aims to evaluate the current potential for digital gov- In Cambodia, work was carried out in two phases. The ernment development across eight key dimensions: first phase of work focused on identifying key bottle- leadership and governance; user focus; business process necks to digital development (infrastructure, digital change; capabilities, culture, and skills; shared infrastruc- economy, and critical enabling factors) and delivered a ture; data driven; cybersecurity, privacy, and resilience; policy note to the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) and enabling national ecosystem. Work included the on the key development priorities for the ICT sector for development of the toolkit, its presentation in an online Cambodia, including input into the new MEF annual web service (by June 2019), and its application in country strategy. This policy note identified gaps which need to pilots in Lebanon, Senegal, Vietnam, and Burkina Faso. be addressed, emphasizing infrastructure, regulatory, Additional country readiness assessments were carried digital economy, and digital government issues, and out (under different funding) in Moldova, Tunisia, recommended policy priorities. The second phase of Serbia, Myanmar, and Uzbekistan. The DGRA activity’s work in 2019 was informed by the findings of the 2018 results were enhanced significantly through a one-week assessment, and the priorities and decisions of the gov- capacity-building workshop in Seoul in October 2018. ernment, guided by the CMU, for improving the use of The workshop was attended by high-level participants digital platforms in Cambodia. he government endorsed from the Government of Korea, the Smart Africa Alliance, the World Banks policy recommendations and they were and several WBG clients from Asia. incorporated in Cambodia’s 2018 REGULATORY Strategy Plan, Phase IV. They also supported initial preparation of In Central Asia, work supported the preparation, techni- the 15-Year National Strategic Framework for the Digital cal design and early implementation support of Digital Economy, which prioritizes the need to develop the CASA (“Central Asia South Asia”) projects in Kyrgyzstan digital economy in Cambodia. and Uzbekistan. This was achieved through digital gov- 35 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 In Vietnam, work performed provided the Government e-document exchange between government agencies of Vietnam (GoV) with strategic action plans to im- was issued in July 2018, which is major progress given plement key components of digital government that the embedded paper-based workflows of the GoV. The can facilitate user-centric, data-driven, and innovative government is also planning to investigate options for a government services. To achieve this, the team has government cloud. assessed the readiness of the government to create an enabling environment for digital government around Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, key capabilities including leadership and governance, DDP will develop technical knowledge on Advanced Cloud user focus, data, infrastructure, and prioritized insti- Systems for Digital Government Platforms and business tutional and technical areas that require government knowledge on Maximizing Finance for Development investment and support. The activity has contributed (MFD) in Global Data and Cloud Infrastructure – an to raising awareness in the government leadership and activity jointly implemented by the World Bank and IFC. in society on the importance of “digital by default” and In support of the DE4A initiative, an assessment of the “open data”. As a result, the IT application committee Governance and Political Economy Risks of the initiative will chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister was transformed be carried out. This is to mitigate any possible risks of into the E-Government Committee chaired by the Prime capture of the key infrastructure to be developed during Minister in August 2018, to set a direction towards a the next years and ensure efficient governance. The digital government by 2025. In addition, a regulation on country engagement in Vietnam will be deepened. 36 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 MAINSTREAMING DIGITAL SERVICES, SOLUTIONS, AND PLATFORMS DDP’s Mainstreaming Digital Innovations window is a public and private entities. The activity helped install collaboration space through which the core teams of necessary WiFi equipment in the bus, including, (a) a last the digital agenda interact with sector-specific teams, to generation antenna, (b) 3D camera and laser system, (c) help advance the uptake of digital technologies across dash camera, (d) accelerometers, and (e) whole system sectors. Given the number of sectors the World Bank is architecture. All the equipment installed allowed for the working on, the breadth of the agenda, and the large collection of important data such as cracks in the roads, amount of ongoing project work, DDP’s contribution the rugosity, weather data, humidity, and to upload it in to mainstreaming digital solutions is humble. The real time to a geospatial platform thanks to the antenna. strategy has been, from the beginning, to scale up the With the data collected, three co-creation activities mainstreaming effort, by adding a more sector activities were developed in rural areas of Peru on how new data to the workplan every year. In each sector, one or two could be collected by the sensors to solve community activities will function as demonstration projects for the problems, such as waste management, soil quality, or sector. By now, DDP can already look back on several deforestation. In addition, a two-day hackathon was such demonstration projects. organized with more than 500 participants. The best idea won a one-year incubation program in a University Connected Buses in Peru was an activity co-implemented Incubation Center in Lima (INICTEL). The winners devel- by DDP and Airbus. The activity has aimed at collecting/ oped a solution that could measure, with different levels analyzing road surface data in the country and promot- of emergency, the need for road repair and included ing new digital innovation and entrepreneurship for citizen feedback. 37 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 The Autonomous Ariel Systems in Tanzania activity The Better Data for Smarter Transport activity was funded the inaugural Lake Victoria Challenge (LVC) Trial DDP’s first mainstreaming activity. It has closed, having and Symposium, held in Mwanza, Tanzania in October provided content for the Transport Digital Data Toolkit, 2018, which brought together almost 300 participants a detailed report on transport data innovations and from 23 countries, and saw 34 flights from five different solutions classified by subsector (urban transport, rural drone teams, prompting research into new use-cases accessibility, road maintenance, road safety, etc.); a for unmanned aerial systems in the region.The activity summary of the report, which was prepared as input for has also prepared an operations manual which has been the IC4D18 World Bank flagship report; a working pro- disseminated internally to the LVC team and the mem- totype of an integrated geospatial platform that brings bers of the advisory board. The Operations Manual will together all the identified transport data tools; and a be used as a basis for the preparation of the main ADF/ pilot platform to monitor information on gender-based LKC event in February 2020. In Tanzania, an Unmanned violence (GBV) focused on mining social media data Traffic Management (UTM) workshop took place on May and blending it with geospatial information related to 6-8, 2019, to build technical capacity of the government World Bank-funded transport projects in the Democratic to understand what a UTM system is, and to identify Republic of Congo (DRC). requirements for a Tanzania-specific UTM. The activity informs regulations in multiple states relating to the Activities on Digital Skills, Digital Energy, and Digital use of unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as informing Agriculture are in their launch and/or assessments the capacity of regional bodies such as the International phases and will report progress by early 2020. Civial Aviation Organization (ICAO) for advising member states. In February 2019, ICAO set up a working group Under its fourth workplan launched in summer 2019, on unmanned systems on unmanned systems for DDP will continue its effort to develop demonstration humanitarian and development applications, informed projects in different sectors, as examples to follow for by this activity and taking feedback from the 2018 mainstreaming digital solutions in sector applications. regulatory proceedings. A guidance note to ICAO states New activities will include work on the Agriculture, is expected in December 2019. Education, Environment, Energy, Transport, and Urban Development sectors. Annex 3 provides more details. 38 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 39 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 V. LOOKING AHEAD – PLANS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2020 40 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 DDP has grown significantly in the past fiscal year and STRENGTHENING THE DDP STEERING COMMITTEE has developed into an effective instrument driving the digital agenda forward. The just-launched fourth DDP lives through its partnership model. Therefore, workplan is an expression of the breadth and depth strong relations between the World Bank DDP team of the agenda, and and demonstrates the operational and the DDP partner representatives are instrumental relevance of the activities DDP is supporting. While the to the partnership. The rapid growth of DDP and some general perspective is very positive, a few points will inevitable changes in the representation of DDP part- need to be addressed to stay on track and deepen the ners on the Steering Committee (due to changing work partnership. assignments over time) have meant some fluctuation in the Steering Committee. Against this background, it is suggested that DDP reviews its regular engagement IMPROVING COMMUNICATIONS AND OUTREACH schedule. Is the format of four yearly meetings/confer- The DDP has set a goal to improve the way that it en- ence calls still the most helpful? Is the time and location gages with its partners and clients particularly in how it of the main DDP Steering Committeee coinciding with communicates results. The time has come to deliver on the World Bank – IMF Annual Meetings still the best? this ambition. Two dimensions need to be distinguished: Would it be helpful to organize a DDP event significant On the one hand, DDP is having an opportunity to enough to allow for travel of the Steering Committee better communicate its results to the clients it is advis- members to Washington, D.C.? It is suggested that the ing. This will strengthen the DDP brand, support the Steering Committee explores these questions at the appreciation for the digital agenda, and provide better upcoming DDP Steering Committee. recognition to the donors and the funding contributions which make the work possible. On the other hand, DDP DELIVERING ON THE AFRICA PORTFOLIO, AND needs to strengthen the communication flows inside the partnership beyond regular and formal meetings. EXPANDING THE WORK IN OTHER REGIONS There is an opportunity to better involve partners in the The past fiscal year has meant significant progress intellectual work and the engagements at client level. In in the development of the work program in Africa. order to improve, investments are needed. A dedicated The DE4A initiative has created a lot of enthusiasm communications specialist may need to take the lead and boosted client demand for DDP services. Fresh and function as a regular contact point for matters of donor contributions have allowed DDP to react to the workshops, DDP branding, and visuals, and dissemina- requests. The current, strong DDP Africa portfolio is the tion of results. In addition, an improved and upgraded consequence. Delivering this work and responding to webpage is needed to systematically hold and present the expected additional requests from Africa (such as by the outputs the different grants are delivering. countries that are yet to undertake their digital economy assessments) is a priority. At the same time, requests for assistance from other regions, including Latin America and Asia are getting stronger. DDP may wish to be ready to respond to these requests and deliver development results there as well. 41 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 1: MAIN DONOR CONTRIBUTIONS The following table indicates main DDP donor contributions, as received or expected in any given fiscal year.2 The World Bank’s fiscal year runs from July 1 to June 30. For example, July 1, 2019 to June 30t, 2020 is FY20. Some of the contribution figures are approximate, as some contributions are reaching DDP in other currencies than the U.S. dollar. For easier reference, all contributions are indicated in their U.S. dollar exchange value and rounded. Donors in FY17 in FY18 in FY19 in FY20 in FY21 in FY22 Denmark, Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2,000,000 3,000,000 Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs 300,000 500,000 200,000 Israel, Ministry of Economy and Industry 500,000 500,000 Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and 2,000,000 Communications, Ministry of Finance Korea, Ministry of Science and ICT , 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 Ministry of Finance Microsoft Corporation 1,000,000 1,000,000 250,000 Norway, Ministry of Foreign Affairs 7,700,000 2,200,000 The Netherlands 1,200,000 United Kingdom, Foreign and 300,000 120,000 Commonwealth Office TOTAL 5,050,000 5,250,000 2,250,000 12,770,000 2,950,000 2 DDP is also receiving a range of private sector support, both financial and in-kind. The ongoing expansion of private sector involvement will be reflected in the next reporting update. 42 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 2: PORTFOLIO STATUS ACTIVE PORTFOLIO Donors Status Scope Start Closing Total Allocated Total remaining Window Tranche Year/ Date Date Doing Business Digitally Active Global 1 Mar-17 Dec-19 200,000.00 15,847.75 Knowledge Tanzania: Data Diagnostic Active Country 1 Feb-17 Dec-19 180,000.00 3,612.40 Specific Use of Digital Technologies by SMEs Active Global 2 Mar-17 Dec-19 200,000.00 25,550.04 Knowledge Developing the General Regulatory and Active Global 3 Nov-18 Jun-20 125,000.00 46,105.15 Governance Framework for Disruptive Tech Knowledge Operationalizing Big Data Active Global 3 May-19 Jun-21 100,000.00 15,333.31 Knowledge Engendering ICT Toolkit Active Global 3 Mar-19 Dec-19 100,000.00 71,480.96 Knowledge Data and Indicators Fragility, Conflict and Violence as a Context Upcoming Global 4 Sep-19 March-21 500,000.00 500,000.00 for the Development for Digital Economies Knowledge Bridging the Gender through Inclusive Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 Digital Development Knowledge Poverty and Welfare Benefits of Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 Digitalization Knowledge Leveraging Data for Development Upcoming Global 4 Aug-19 Jun-21 300,000.00 100,000.00 Knowledge Kazakhstan: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 100,000.00 100,000.00 Strategies Specific Armenia: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 100,000.00 100,000.00 Strategies Specific Tajikistan: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 100,000.00 100,000.00 Strategies Specific Artificial Intelligence for Development Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 400,000.00 400,000.00 Knowledge TOTAL 3,405,000.00 2,477,929.01 Indonesia: Framework for a Digital Active Country 1 Aug-17 Oct-19 250,000.00 6,548.14 Economy Specific South Africa: Accelerating the Digital Active Country 3 Feb-19 Apr-20 125,000.00 87,880.31 Economy Specific Rwanda: Accelerating the Digital Economy Active Country 3 Oct-18 Dec-19 150,000.00 70,928.35 Digital Economy Specific Egypt: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 Nov-18 Dec-19 200,000.00 8,868.42 Specific Iraq: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 Aug-19 Oct-20 150,000.00 150,000.00 Specific Pakistan: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 May-19 Jun-20 100,000.00 100,000.00 Specific 43 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Start Closing Total Allocated Total remaining Window Tranche Year/ Date Date Nigeria: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 Nov-18 Jun-19 50,000.00 4,995.18 Specific Digital Regulation Online Handbook Active Global 4 Oct-19 Feb-21 500,000.00 500,000.00 Knowledge Competition Policy in Digital Markets Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 Knowledge Angola: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Specific Côte d’Ivoire: Digital Economy Assessment Active Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Specific Lesotho: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Specific Digital Economy Uganda: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Specific Africa: Developing the Monitoring and Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Evaluation Framework for the DE4A Specific South Asia: Digital Economy Assessments Active Country 4 Aug-19 Aug-20 700,000.00 700,000.00 for eight countries in SAR Specific South Asia: Informality and Digital Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 100,000.00 100,000.00 Solutions Knowledge Central Asia/Ukraine: Technical assistance Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 to foster the update of Digital Technologies Specific Central Asia/Belarus: Technical assistance to Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 foster the update of Digital Technologies Specific Central Asia/Tajikistan: Technical assistance Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 to foster the update of Digital Technologies Specific TOTAL 4,025,000.00 3,429,220.40 Cybersecurity Global Knowledge and Active Global 2 Jul-18 Jul-20 550,000.00 113,395.41 Engagement Knowledge Africa: Cybersecurity Capacity Building in Active Country 2 Jul-18 Jul-20 1,250,000.00 776,747.36 Africa Specific Cybersecurity Asia: Cybersecurity ECA and Asia Active Country 2 Jul-18 Jul-20 150,000.00 42,872.47 Specific Cybersecurity in Critical Information Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 200,000.00 200,000.00 Infrastructure Protection (CIPP) Knowledge Engagement in the Global Forum for Cyber Active Global 4 Sep-19 Jul-20 400,000.00 400,000.00 Expertise (GFCE) Knowledge TOTAL 2,550,000.00 1,533,015.24 44 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Start Closing Total Allocated Total remaining Window Tranche Year/ Date Date Innovative Business Models for Expanding Active Global 1 Apr-17 Apr-20 360,000.00 39,127.57 Fiber-Optic Networks and Closing the Knowledge Access Gaps Jordan: Analysis of PPP options for Active Country 2 Sep-18 Dec-19 300,000.00 66,668.66 Broadband and Digital Platforms Specific Action Plan for Doubling Broadband Active Global 3 Nov-18 Apr-20 101,000.00 26,000.00 Connectivity Knowledge Ethiopia: Telecom sector Reform Active Country 3 Nov-18 Apr-20 450,000.00 290,490.60 Specific Internet Access for All East Africa (Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda): Pre- Active Country 3 Nov-18 Jun-20 265,000.00 156,243.00 Investment Support for East Africa Single Specific Digital Market ECOWAS: Regulatory Watch Initiative Active Country 4 May-17 Oct-21 550,000.00 300,026.63 Specific Feasibility Study to Comprehensively Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 Connect all African Universities to High- Knowledge Speed Internet Reaching the Bottom 10%: Financing, Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 Policy and Regulatory Models and Country Knowledge Case Studies 5G Flagship Activity: 5G as an Opportunity Active Global 4 Aug-19 June-20 600,000.00 600,000 to Leapfrog Development Knowledge TOTAL 3,226,000.00 2,078,556.46 Cambodia: Getting Ready for an Increased Active Country 2 Aug-18 Dec-19 100,000.00 68,270.07 Use of ICT Enablers in Government Services Specific Vietnam Cloud: Computing Readiness Upcoming Country 3 Oct-19 Upcoming 150,000.00 150,000.00 Assessment Specific Digital Government Maximizing Financing for Development Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 (MFD) in Global Data and Cloud Knowledge Infrastructure Study Governance of the DE4A/ Implementation Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 in Africa Knowledge Advanced Cloud Systems for Digital Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 Government Platforms Knowledge HELP Network Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 200,000.00 200,000.00 Specific TOTAL 1,950,000.00 1,918,270.07 45 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Start Closing Total Allocated Total remaining Window Tranche Year/ Date Date Energy: Digital Technologies/Assessment Active Global 2 Jan-18 Jun-20 200,000.00 51,584.31 Methodology Knowledge Peru: Spectrum Analytics - Connected Roads Active Country 2 Jul-18 Aug-19 235,000.00 107.27 Pilot Specific Tanzania: Autonomous Ariel Systems in Active Country 2 Jul-18 Jun-20 500,000.00 103791.09 Tanzania Specific Agriculture: Developing an Economic Active Global 3 Dec-18 Jun-20 400,000.00 333,059.02 Framework for Digital Technologies in Agri Knowledge Southeast Asia: Data-driven Digital Skills Active Country 3 Mar-19 Nov-20 200,000.00 200,000.00 Development Strategies Specific Mainstreaming Digital Technologies Agriculture: Pilot Engagement for a Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 DE4A Lending Project focused on the Knowledge Agricultural Sector Education: Developing the Skills Active Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 498,128.00 Components of 10 African Country Specific Interventions Environment: Piloting Work to Leverage Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 500,000.00 500,000.00 Digital Technologies for Cleaner Oceans Knowledge Energy: Infrastructure Frontier Analysis Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 400,000.00 400,000.00 and Engagement Framework for Digital Knowledge Transformation Transport: Flagship report on the Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 Digitalization of Transport Knowledge Transport: Regional Program for Digital Upcoming Global 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 Innovation to Public Transport Sector Knowledge Reform Urban Development: Smart City Digital Upcoming Country 4 Upcoming Upcoming 300,000.00 300,000.00 Capacities in Selected Pilot Countries Specific TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 GRAND TOTAL 19,291,000.00 14,723,660.90 46 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 CLOSED ACTIVITIES Donors Status Scope Start Closing Total Allocated Total remaining Window Tranche Year/ Date Date ICT4D Report Closed Global 1 Feb-17 Jun-19 225,000.00 0 Data and Indicators Knowledge Niger: Assessing Migration using CRD data Closed Country 3 Nov-18 Dec-19 10,842.59 0 and Other Geo-spatial Technologies Specific TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 Development of the Enabling Environment Closed Global 1 Apr-17 Sep-18 269,924.80 0 for Digital Economy Knowledge Digital Economy Senegal: Digital Economy Closed Country 1 Nov-17 Jun-19 193,176.90 0 Specific Central Asia: Designing and Piloting Digital Closed Country 2 Nov-17 Apr-19 99,987.20 0 Economy eXpress Assessments (DEXA) Specific TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 Internet Access for All Malawi: Telling its Digital Story Closed Country 1 Feb-17 Jun-18 88,096.53 0 Specific Peru: Innovative Use of Spectrum Closed Country 1 Mar-17 Sep-18 98,587.16 0 Specific TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 Digital Government Readiness Assessment Closed Global 1 Apr-17 Sep-19 549,926.20 0 Knowledge Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on Closed Global 1 Mar-17 Oct-17 80,000.00 0 Digital Dividends Knowledge Digital Government Myanmar: Advanced Digital Solutions Closed Country 1 Feb-17 Oct-18 149,984.34 0 Specific Kyrgyz Republic and Uzbekistan / Digital Closed Country 2 Mar-18 Aug-19 99,980.25 0 CASA: Rapid Assistance to Support Digital Specific Government Lending Projects Vietnam: Digital Government Closed Country 2 Jan-18 May-19 90,480.08 0 Implementation of Cloud-Based G2C Specific Services TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 Transport: Better Data for Smarter Closed Global 1 May-17 Jun-19 244,974.16 0 Transport Knowledge TOTAL 4,135,000.00 3,286,669.69 GRAND TOTAL 19,291,000.00 14,723,660.90 47 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 3: PORTFOLIO DESCRIPTION, OUTCOMES AND OUTPUTS ACTIVE PORTFOLIO Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Doing Active Global 1 The objective of the Doing Business Digitally effort -- A survey instrument has been Business Knowledge is to develop a framework for measuring the enabling envi- developed and surveys have been Digitally ronment and regulatory challenges faced by companies completed in 25 countries. and service providers pursuing business in the digital -- A Doing Business Digitally industry. The proposed indicator/assessment methodology webpage has been launched. follows the established methodology of the World Bank’s -- A working paper on the Doing annual Doing Business reports. Given the high visibility Business Digitally Effort has been and popularity of the Doing Business series, this project completed. has good potential to provide a global reference point to assess a country’s performance in the area of businesses and services that utilize the internet, by identifying shortcomings in a country’s regulatory environments and prompting reforms. The development of the indicator/ assessment methodology is being conducted as a joint effort between the World Bank’s Digital Development and Research units, in collaboration with other World Bank Global Practices. Tanzania: Data Active Country 1 The impact of ICT on economic growth has been well -- The data collection and economic Diagnostic Specific documented and there is growing consensus that modeling has been completed. broadband internet services, in particular, are a key -- Two workshops have been carried driver of modern competitiveness and economic growth. out in Tanzania. However, the impact of ICT on poverty reduction and more Data and Indicators specifically on the well-being of the bottom 40% of the population has been less evident. This project therefore conducts a household survey to obtain data on ICT usage among the bottom 40% of the population in Tanzania, at home, at school, and at work. The team collaborates with the World Bank Poverty Economists working on household surveys and poverty assessments specifically in Tanzania, as well as with relevant Tanzanian stakeholders. The better understanding of the development impact of ICT on the bottom 40% will inform the design of the Bank’s new ICT interventions, including a new investment project in Tanzania. Use of Digital Active Global 2 Widespread adoption of digital technologies by business- -- A journal article and a conference -- Client dialogue is ongoing Technologies Knowledge es, especially small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) paper have been completed. in Moldova, Pakistan, and by SMEs has great potential to accelerate innovation, productivity -- The survey instrument is Armenia growth, and job creation in a country. In many countries, developed. the sparse available data suggests that adoption of basic -- A BBL has been carried out and digital technologies in SMEs is limited. Intuitively, adoption the work has been presented at would be lower for advanced technologies such as cloud an academic conference. computing, mobile applications, IoT, e-commerce, and cybersecurity applications. But the lack of data on adoption and use of these technologies impedes analysis and formu- lation of public policies to accelerate adoption. To close this gap, the team is designing and undertaking a survey to capture the extent of digital technology use by SMEs. Data for the survey will be collected in a few countries, including Moldova, Tanzania, and Vietnam. The survey instrument will be a global public good, usable in other countries, and it will prepare for a range of subsequent technical assistance activities. 48 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Developing Active Global 3 The objective of this activity is to develop and test a in progress the General Knowledge general regulatory and governance framework for Regulatory AI. This framework will serve as a building block for a and sustainable technology-led economy and will be scaled Governance through current and future World Bank engagements and Framework investments. (i) Develop a policy and regulatory framework for Disruptive with key elements for governments to enable and drive Tech digital development by harnessing disruptive technologies; (ii) Build a playbook for governments to harness disruptive technologies and manage their opportunities and risks. Operationaliz- Active Global 3 This activity is supporting the scaling up of IoT Big Data -- Operational documents have -- Awareness that Big Data ing Big Data Knowledge Analytics in two lending projects – an urban water supply been produced. combined with analytics project and a rural water supply project in Nigeria - and -- Contributions to the workshop on and the predictive capabil- is enabling policy dialogue that could pave the way for the ‘Single Digital Market’ in East ities of Data Science and data policy reforms to be included in up to seven lending Africa in July 2019 Presentations Artificial Intelligence can projects in East Africa and Eastern Caribbean. at GSMA’s Big Data for Social bring better insight, better Good Advisory Panel. policy decisions, better project design and more impact to our projects Engendering Active Global 3 This activity is developing an online toolkit that can -- A toolkit for World Bank TTLs ICT Toolkit Knowledge help World Bank task leaders ensure that their digital has been developed and development projects are sensitive to the needs of women. disseminated through an online The activity therefore advances the digital development/ platform. gender agenda by practically integrating gender concerns -- One internal workshop for TTLs to Data and Indicators into digital development lending projects. disseminate the toolkit. Fragility, Upcoming Global 4 The activity aims to better understand the ways in which in progress Conflict and Knowledge digital technologies interact with FCV societies and doc- Violence as a ument the risks that are associated with the introduction Context for the and uptake of digital technologies in such countries, Development particularly in remote, rural, and nomadic communities. for Digital The findings will inform the DE4A for Africa and the Economies operations of the World Bank and other development partners with regards to how they may leverage the potential of digital technologies to further the transition of FCV countries from fragility and violence to stability while mitigating associated risks. As part of the work, a few specific country experiences will be looked at, including a request received from Yemen. Gender Upcoming Global 4 The objective of this activity – which will be carried out in in progress Dimensions Knowledge full partnership with the EQUALS Initiative and GSMA – is of the Digital to squarely put the gender dimension on the digital Economy development map, in particular in Africa as part of the DE4A initiative. In Africa, more than half of the communities and individuals who still need to be connected are women and girls. Experience has shown that this gap will not close on its own without specific and concerted gender-focused efforts. Against this background, this activity will develop a plan and implementation support to address ownership of internet-enabled devices, promotion of gender-focused content, and roll-out of the plan in collaboration with telecom providers. 49 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Poverty and Upcoming Global 4 While the enthusiasm for digital solutions as a driver in progress Welfare Knowledge for development has grown over the past few years, Benefits of questions remain in some parts of Africa and elsewhere as Digitalization regards possible welfare gains or losses. In this context, the main risk identified – possible job losses – is viewed differently by different experts, as it remains open if digital technologies will replace existing jobs, or – particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa – rather reduce informality and spur economic activity in the informal sector. This work will explore these questions as a strategic study to underpin the DE4A initiative and help expand it to those parts of Africa still lagging behind in digital adoption. Leveraging Upcoming Global 4 Building on the DDP-funded report “Data-Driven in progress Data for Knowledge Development” (2018), this activity will dive deeper into pol- Development icies that promote sustainable, data-driven development by promoting sustainable, inclusive data-driven business models. The question on data ownership is key to digital societies and at the heart of the long-term success of the Data and Indicators DE4A initiative. Kazakhstan: Upcoming Country 4 This activity will assist three client countries in Central Asia in progress Supporting Specific to jumpstart data-driven development by identifying data National Data management challenges and new data sharing, analytics, Strategies and cognification opportunities. This will help to design dedicated national data strategies and roadmaps and Armenia: Upcoming Country 4 mainstream data in higher level development strategies. In in progress Supporting Specific the case of Kazakhstan, this activity will constitute the main National Data preparation for the AI lending project the government is Strategies currently discussing with the World Bank team. Tajikistan: Upcoming Country 4 in progress Supporting Specific National Data Strategies Artificial Upcoming Global 4 This activity aims at developing a framework of enabling in progress Intelligence Knowledge policies for client countries to harness AI for development for and mitigate associated risks. The work will build on initial, Development earlier knowledge and it will develop a practical framework to guide AI policymaking and test it in World Bank country engagements. 50 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Indonesia: Active Country 1 With rapidly increasing access to affordable broadband -- The principal deliverable is the -- This activity has Framework Specific internet, the emerging middle-income countries of final report “The Digital Economy contributed to increasing for a Digital Southeast Asia e.g. Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, in Southeast Asia: Building the awareness among Economy Vietnam, and Malaysia are interested in furthering Foundations for Future Growth”, Southeast Asian client their economies by boosting digital businesses from published June 2019. Background governments of the key e-commerce to the sharing economy to app development papers were prepared on policy enablers for digital and outsourcing. Yet, while technologies may offer such connectivity, skills, and logistics economy development opportunities, many of these countries are still lagging in as inputs to the main report. and to sharing of knowl- terms of “digital adoption” and policymakers are facing -- Several workshops were edge and experience new and fast-emerging policy and regulatory challenges, organized: Southeast Asia Digital between Southeast Asian on top of existing business/investment climate issues. This Economy Workshop Hanoi, governments on digital activity is engaging in a range of awareness-raising and March 7, 2019; Cambodia economy challenges. capacity-developing actities in policy areas such as: (a) data Digital Economy Workshop, protection, including cross-border data flows; (b) digital Phnom Penh, March 12, 2019; economy taxation issues; and (c) regulatory treatment of Philippines Digital Economy non-traditional communication services providers. The Workshop, Manila, January main report on The Digital Economy in Southeast Asia: 2019; Report launch workshop, Building the Foundations for Future Growth was published Bangkok, June 2019. in June 2019. Background papers were also prepared -- The work was also presented on connectivity, skills, and logistics as inputs to the main at a range of external events, report. including EAP Disruptive Tech RMT meeting, Singapore June, GSMA Digital Societies Kuala Lumpur, September 2019 (forthcoming). -- Contributing chapter for the forthcoming World Bank East Asia Economic Update (October 2019). -- Contribution to new technical Digital Economy assistance work on Digital Technologies for Inclusive Development in Indonesia (forthcoming, FY20). South Africa: Active Country 3 South Africa stands out for its large digital economy -- Draft DE4A diagnostic report. -- This activity has so Accelerating Specific potential, but its economic growth and transformation -- Four background papers: Digital far contributed to an the Digital is suffering from the inability to lay the infrastructure for Infrastructure, Digital Skills, improved understanding Economy the digital economy, to create an enabling ecosystem for Digital Entrepreneurship, Digital of the challenges and entrepreneurship and innovation, and to produce the skills Payments. opportunities related needed. The World Bank Group is currently developing the to South Africa’s digital next Country Partnership Framework (CPF) in South Africa. economy. In this context, a proposal has been put forward to acceler- ate the country’s digital economy, including: (i) extending connectivity and internet access for all, (ii) strengthening South Africa’s entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem, (iii) scaling up digital skills development, and (iv) advancing digital platforms for service delivery. Rwanda: Active Country 3 As the DE4A initiative is taking up speed, this activity will -- One ‘Rwanda Digital Economy -- This activity has helped Accelerating Specific in Rwanda carry out the standardized Digital Economy Assessment’ (summary report). identify key interventions the Digital for Africa assessment. This assessment analyzes and -- Five background papers (on each needed to accelerate Economy benchmarks the country’s situation across five dimensions digital economy foundation that digital transformation in – digital infrastructure, digital skills, digital platforms, informed the summary report). Rwanda, informing the digital financial services, digital entrepreneurship, as a first -- Two government workshops have development of a pipeline step to develop and implement a comprehensive digital been held in Kigali (in January $100m ‘Digital Rwanda’ infrastructure and policy-related lending activity. and September 2019) with program (expected in representatives from key MDAs FY21). to provide feedback/validate preliminary and final findings. 51 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Egypt: Active Country 3 The Ministry of Communications and Information -- deep dive workshop jointly Developing Specific Technology (MCIT) of the Government of Egypt is respon- hosted by the World Bank and the Digital sible for overseeing the development of the Egyptian IFC. with the Egyptian Ministry Economy ICT sector. In particular, it is seeking to boost investor MCIT – technical advice confidence in the sector as well as enhancing Egypt's positioning in the global marketplace. Accordingly, MCIT is seeking the support of the World Bank Group in devising a detailed roadmap and providing implementation support for the ICT Sector Strategy 2025. This should include a workplan that outlines specific programs to achieve the required outcomes by 2025. It is proposed that the World Bank offer MCIT a comprehensive “Digital Economy for Egypt” package, including the following advisory and technical assistance aspect on telecom infrastructure development, digital transformation/transformation into digital society, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Iraq: Active Country 3 This activity is an early needs identification activity to on hold Developing Specific start a conversation with the Government of Iraq on the the Digital opportunities and specifications of digitally enabled Economy business models. Pakistan: Active Country 3 This activity is an early needs identification activity to in progress Developing Specific start a conversation with the Government of Pakistan on the Digital the opportunities and specifications of digitally enabled Economy business models. Digital Economy Nigeria: Active Country 3 As the DE4A is taking up speed, this activity carries out -- Nigeria Digital Economy -- The activity has contribut- Developing Specific the standardized Digital Economy for Africa assessment. Diagnostic Report 2019 (draft, ed to ongoing policy and the Digital This assessment analyzes and benchmarks the country’s pending government comments programmatic discussions Economy situation across five dimensions – digital infrastructure, during first dissemination event). around the role of the digital skills, digital platforms, digital financial services, digital economy in rede- digital entrepreneurship, as a first step to develop and fining and accelerating implement a comprehensive digital infrastructure and Nigeria’s growth trajectory policy-related lending activity. by assessing the country’s central challenges and opportunities for growth. Digital Active Global 4 The objective of this activity – to be carried out in full in progress Regulation Knowledge partnership with the ITU – is to contribute to the shaping Online of the global ICT regulatory landscape. The activity will Handbook result in a new regulatory handbook, replacing the successful but dated main, ICT regulatory handbook which has for many years served as the global reference book for ICT regulation. The activity will review and update a range of regulatory content ranging from regulatory basics, guidelines and body of evidence on collaborative regulation for digital transformation, the ITU market and regulatory metrics (IDI and ICT Regulatory Tracker) and related analysis, the interactive broadband maps, as well as case studies, best practices, and inputs from open and closed-door discussions at the Broadband Commission and other standard-setting/regulatory bodies. Client countries will benefit from access to a comprehensive package of ICT policy and regulatory information on a digital platform which will support them through their digital transforma- tion journey. 52 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Competition Upcoming Global 4 As the digital development agenda unfolds, the awareness in progress Policy in Knowledge of its specific characteristics increases and fosters a Digital lively international debate on an effective competition Markets framework for the digital sector. Against this context, low- and middle-income countries are raising questions as to good practices in competition policy in digital markets – practices that are often only nascent in developed markets themselves. To respond to the need for more engagement and more discussion, this activity will create a discussion forum to listen to the voices of regulators, the private sector, and experts as to latest trends in competition policy. All DDP partners will be very welcome to play a strong role in the discussion. Angola: Digital Upcoming Country 4 The DE4A activity is driven forward through operational in progress Economy Specific engagement at client level. The objective of this activity is Assessment to help relevant sectors and projects in selected African countries (planned: Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Lesotho, Côte d'Ivoire: Active Country 4 Uganda) to increase and improve their use of digital and/ in progress Digital Specific or disruptive technologies for development, using toolkits Economy and assessment methods developed by DDP in earlier Assessment funding rounds, for quick identification of key digital challenges and opportunities, for tactical and operational Lesotho: Upcoming Country 4 advice, and with the aim to help develop World Bank in progress Digital Specific lending projects in these countries for transformational Economy impact. It will also include work on the impact evaluation of Digital Economy Assessment the DE4A initiative. Uganda: Upcoming Country 4 in progress Digital Specific Economy Assessment Africa: Upcoming Country 4 This activity will assist the DE4A initiative by developing in progress Developing the Specific a more robust and long-term monitoring and evaluation Monitoring framework. This is essential to track progress over time and and Evaluation achieve the objective of full digital inclusion by 2030. Framework for the DE4A initiative South Asia: Active Country 4 The World Bank is engaging with countries across Asia to in progress Digital Specific identify new opportunities for growth and inclusion from Economy the digital economy. These engagements have resulted in Assessments most cases from ongoing policy dialogue or investment for eight lending programs and they reflect an interest from these countries in countries to identify the public policies and investments SAR that can promote their national digital economies. At the same time, there are opportunities to be realized through regional programs that could improve connectivity, access to markets, and grow the regional digital economy. The objective of this activity is to carry out eight digital economy assessments for South Asian countries as a starting point for stronger IDA engagements in the SAR region. South Asia: Upcoming Global 4 Complementary to the comprehensive digital economy in progress Informality Knowledge assessments to be carried out in South Asia, this activity and Digital will investigate matters of informality and digital inclusion Solutions in South Asia. 53 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Central Asia/ Upcoming Country 4 As in other regions, the objective of the activity is to help in progress Ukraine: Specific relevant sectors and projects in three countries (Ukraine, Technical assis- Belarus, Tajikistan), increase and improve their use of tance to foster digital and/or disruptive technologies for development, the update using toolkits and assessment methods developed by of Digital DDP in earlier funding rounds. This will help develop Technologies World Bank lending projects in these countries for more transformational impact. Central Asia/ Upcoming Country 4 in progress Belarus: Specific Technical assis- Digital Economy tance to foster the update of Digital Technologies Central Asia/ Upcoming Country 4 in progress Tajikistan: Specific Technical assis- tance to foster the update of Digital Technologies Cybersecurity Active Global 2 This umbrella activity is supporting a range of knowledge -- Japan CyberSecurity Study -- This activity has contrib- Global Knowledge and engagement activities to foster cybersecurity Tours March 25-29, 2018 uted to a wider and more Knowledge awareness and capacity building. On the knowledge side, and September 9-13, 2019, in-depth understanding and it is preparing a cybersecurity in IoT guide aimed at (i) de- attended by representatives from and awareness on Engagement termining a relationship between security classifications for Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, cybersecurity threat. It has services and data applicability of IoT specific, (ii) identifying Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Lao PDR, built government capacity steps involved in the decision making on data classification Myanmar, the Philippines, India, and regional collaboration and IoT/cloud architecture, and (iii) providing recommen- and Vietnam founded on a comprehen- dations on security risks and mitigation measures. On the sive approach for a safe engagement side, this activity is supporting study tours to and secure cyberspace. DDP partners’ countries, exposing representatives from low- and middle-income countries to latest technology and approaches for a secure cyberspace. Africa: Active Country 2 Africa is seeing a range of efforts to develop digital -- Seven countries have been -- Support to policy and Cybersecurity Cybersecurity Specific economies and regionally integrate digital markets. advised through CMMs. legislative change for Capacity While these efforts are laudable, the advancement of -- 22 client countries have been stronger cybersecurity Building in digital infrastructure has exposed states to serious, trained through workshops, protection, as well as Africa interconnected cybersecurity threats. Recently reported and small-scale assistance to encouraging regional cyber attacks have shown the devastating consequences Ministries of ICT. intergration across the of the loss of personal data, finances, and livelhood. -- Eight reports have been continent. African countries are therefore under extreme pressure produced (seven CyberSecurity -- Blueprint for World Bank to develop cybersecurity frameworks that encompass Maturity Model for Nations digital economy projects. policy, legal, regulatory, and technical matters and protect reports and one regional clinic their critical infrastructure. Against this brackground, this report). activity is supporting national and regional cybersecurity strategies through assessments of the maturity of legal and regulatory frameworks, skills, governance structures, and necessary institutions such as CERTS and SOCs. Country commitment and ownership is critical for this process and will be nurtured by encouraging member states to lead this initiative by identifying their own individual challenges, priorities, and solutions. 54 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Asia: Active Country 2 Levels of digital adoption and cybersecurity vary in Asia, -- A Cybersecurity Stakeholders Cybersecurity Specific and many Asian countries are in urgent need of developing Workshop was carried out in in Asia cybersecurity frameworks that encompass policy, legal, Sri Lanka (August 2019) and a regulatory, and technical matters and protect their critical report is nearly completed. infrastructure. As in Africa (above), this activity is support- ing national and regional cybersecurity strategies through assessments of the maturity of legal and regulatory frameworks, skills, governance structures, and necessary institutions such as CERTS and SOCs. Country commitment and ownership will be nurtured by encouraging member states to lead this initiative by identifying their own individual challenges, priorities, and solutions. Cybersecurity Upcoming Global 4 This activity seeks to expand the work the World Bank has in progress in Critical Knowledge been doing in building national-level cybersecurity frame- Information works to individual sectors that are particularly vulnerable Infrastructure – like the power sector. The activity will therefore build Protection a partnership between clients that either have concerns (CIPP) about cybersecurity in their power systems – or have even Cybersecurity been attacked – with agencies that have experience in securing operational technology (OT) necessary to modern power systems. The goal of the activity is to ensure that pilot client utilities – tentatively identified in Brazil, India, and Turkey – understand the threats facing them, develop tailored utility-specific response frameworks that help iden- tify and respond to intrusions to OT, and can secure their systems. The lessons learned from these partnerships will be consolidated into a toolkit that can help other utilities in emerging markets build up their own capacity. Engagement Active Global 4 This activity will strengthen the partnership dimension of in progress in the Global Knowledge cybersecurity development support, under the umbrella of Forum the Global Forum on Cyber Expertise (GFCE). The activity for Cyber aims at enabling greater international collaboration in the Expertise area of cybersecurity by bringing together partners from (GFCE) the private sector, academia, development institutions, and governments. This program is intended to serve as a platform for catalytic capacity-building activities; a more detailed planning is in progress. Innovative Active Global 1 As more than 4 billion people live without internet access -- The Innovative Business Models -- The report provides Business Knowledge and 90 percent of them are in developing countries, it is for Expanding Fiber-Optic a number of general Models for clear that significant investment and creative business and Networks and Closing the Access recommendations that Expanding operating models need to be put into practice quickly to Gaps report is a major publi- can give direction to policy Fiber-Optic bridge today’s digital divide. In collaboration with the IFC’s cation providing an analytical and regulatory reforms in Networks and Technology, Media and Telecommunications (TMT) Team, underpinning for expanding client countries – direct Closing the this activity has evaluated the recent history of the multiple access to broadband connectivity. attribution of reforms to Access Gaps business models that have been implemented in the ·· Major dissemination events this report would not be Internet Access for All build-out and operation of international and national fiber have been (i) DDP Speaker accurate. However, it is optic networks (“backbone networks”). The analytical work Series and launch event. one of many tools availa- discussed successes, failures, and lessons learned from the Washington, D.C., January 24, ble to the DD team to drive diverse business models and it has proposed innovative 2019; (ii) Train-the-trainer the necessary reform, by business models for fiber optic network deployment. workshop for DD TTLs, demonstrating use-cases The main deliverable of the activity – a comprehensive Washington, D.C., March 19, and lessons learned from report – was launched in January 2019 and has since been 2019; (iii) Public-Private Form each example highlighted disseminated at global, regional, and national levels. hosted by INACOM (NRA in in the report. Angola) Luanda, April 26, 2019; (iv) Transform Africa Summit 2019, Kigali, May 15, 2019; (v) Virtual workshop with EU’s Eastern Partnership countries. 55 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Jordan: Active Country 2 The Government of Jordan recently committed to major -- Delivered a business plan, legal -- The government has Analysis of Specific reforms and transformation of the public administration; due diligence and engineering decided to proceed with PPP options a revamp of the legal and regulatory framework, and assessment of a potential PPP a PPP. for Broadband the enhancement of its government broadband network based on a fiber-optics network. -- The activity is a very good and Digital – connecting public administration offices, schools, and -- Provided technical support to example of Maximizing Platforms hospitals in main cities and second tier centers – through address three specific matters Finance for Development a specific Public-Private Partnership (PPP). These reform that would need to be studied (MFD) approach, where proposals provide a great opportunity to create a modern, in anticipation of a PPP (access Bank and IFC teams integrated digital government infrastructure, bringing to land, status of pre-existing jointly delivered technical together infrastructure and platforms for a better delivery contracts and identification of assistance using DDP of digital services to Jordan's citizens and enterprises. This assets). funding to inform a activity is assisting the government with these endeavors, -- Helped to prepare a “sales pitch” strategic decision of the including through an assessment of Jordan's readiness to based on the business model Government of Jordan go digital, a roadmap for the strategic investments and and summarizing the assistance to proceed with a PPP, policy reforms needed to enable the transformation of the delivered above in a high-level helped the government existing services, and a business plan, legal due diligence, investor conference in London. market the opportunity and engineering assessment of a potential PPP based on a with investors, and re- fiber optics network. sulted in a request to the IFC to act in an advisory capacity as Transaction Advisor. Action Plan Active Global 3 A Working Group part of the UN Broadband Commission -- A final report has been produced, -- The team has been sup- for Doubling Knowledge took up its work in September 2018, to produce a global titled “Connecting Africa Through porting the African Union Broadband reference report which prescribes a strategic action plan to Broadband: A strategy for Digital Transformation Internet Access for All Connectivity achieve the universal connectivity goal with estimates of the doubling connectivity by 2021 Strategy, and the report investment needs. This is informing the Digital Economy and reaching universal access has been fully endorsed for Africa strategy in its digital infrastructure pillar, and by 2030”. This report will be and highly complimented is underpinning the World Bank Group’s infrastructure launched during the WBG Annual by the African Union investment and lending offering pipeline. Meetings 2019. Commission (AUC). -- The strategic action plan prepared by the WBG will guide existing and future lending operations in the 54 African countries Ethiopia: Active Country 3 The Government of Ethiopia requested, in June 2018, ad- -- Two significant documents -- This activity has contribut- Telecom sector Specific vice from the World Bank covering state-owned enterprise have been produced, a ed to the realization of the Reform (SOE) reform in four areas: telecoms, aviation, transport/ Policy Options White Paper, Government of Ethiopia’s logistics, and energy. The privatization of EthioTelecom, and a Communications vision for a competitive and potential introduction of competition, would represent Services Regulation telecommunications sector a major step forward for a country that is the last remaining Proclamation to replace the and resulted in a new major market untouched by market liberalization. Within 1996 Telecommunications telecom proclamation, the the multi-sector effort, telecom privatization will be Proclamation (No. 49/1996). opening of the telecom the flagship deliverable. Against this background, this -- One workshop was held on sector to competition, activity delivers (i) technical advice to prepare for telecom the topic of Ethiopia’s Digital privatization of the in- privatization, market liberalization, and creation of an Economy at the Spring Meetings cumbent, with expected independent regulator; (ii) an ICT sector survey to create a for the Minister of Finance and results of reduced prices baseline against which to measure the impact of the reform the Ethiopian Delegation. for consumers, sustained process; and (iii) a study of how information security can -- World Bank communication and growth in the economy, be reconciled with further market liberalization, to respond external media reports have increased competition to government concerns in this area. covered the progress achieved. in the sector, and the opening of Ethiopia to foreign direct investment (FDI). 56 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ East Africa Active Country 3 At the end of June 2018, the Heads of State of the Northern -- East Africa Single Digital Market -- So far, an enhanced (Kenya, Specific Corridor (Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, South Sudan) com- Report (Main report developed understanding of the Rwanda, mitted their countries to forming a Single Digital Market under a Swedish TF but economic vision for a single digital Uganda): Pre- (SDM). The aim of a SDM is to create a more deeply and financial analysis plus graph- market and the imple- Investment integrated and dynamic digital investment, innovation, and ic design funded under DDP) mentation framework has Support for trade hub in East Africa - unlocking the growth potential of -- Kenya DE Assessment – five been achieved. Country East Africa the East African Digital Economy. This commitment by the reports – one summary report level discussions on prior Single Digital Heads of State is a direct result of earlier analytical work + five background papers / actions based on the SDM Market and dialogue by the Bank in support of the East Africa SDM assessments. framework have been Initiative, such as a strategic framework and ‘digital roadm- -- A public launch event/seminar launched. ap’ of policy reforms and investments critical to achieving held during the Transform Africa the SDM; a results framework for tracking progress; and Summit in Kigali, May 2019. an economic and jobs impact analysis which quantifies -- A regional workshop held in the benefits of an SDM (up to a US$2.6 billion boost Mombasa, July 30-31, 2019. in GDP and 4.5 million new jobs). Based on this work, the governments of Kenya and Rwanda have requested support from the World Bank for implementation of the SDM initiative. Similar discussions are under way with the Government of Uganda. The proposed activities support the implementation process through technical assistance towards project identification and regional coordination activities, and are expected to lead to a regional World Bank investment or development policy operation in Fiscal Year 2020. A regional IDA development operation would be a first of its kind within the World Bank. Internet Access for All ECOWAS: Active Country 4 The African Regulatory Watch Initiative (ARWI) launched by -- Completed a legal, regulatory -- Analysis and findings of Regulatory Specific the World Bank two years ago is aimed at helping ECOWAS and competitive analysis of issues the analytical work are Watch Member States move towards a second phase of reform, related to License Regimes, OTT starting to inform policy Initiative after the adoption of the Supplementary Acts in 2006, to and International Gateways considerations in the remove the remaining bottlenecks resulting from closed Liberalization in the ECOWAS ECOWAS countries. markets or monopolies as well as unnecessary regulatory region (March 2019). barriers to entry in the market. Initiatives in this area -- Completed a model of the also need to take into account new actors in OTT services, ARWI index, benchmark and hurdles to regional harmonization, and tax burdens on comparison. the sector. -- Published a first edition of the RWI index, dissemination, and communication campaign -- Participation/presentation in two main events: West Africa - GSMA Mobile 360 Series in April 2019; Regulators’ Roundtable session – Transform Africa Summit 2019 -- Kigali, May 16, 2019. Feasibility Upcoming Global 4 What would it take to advance the digitization of the in progress Study to Knowledge African continent through an approach that focuses on Comprehen- universities as centers of education, development, and sively Connect promotion of the youth, by comprehensively connecting all African all African universities with high-speed internet? This study Universities will undertake this thinking exercise to offer a different to High-Speed perspective on the broadband agenda. It will include a Internet detailed plan, cost estimates, and feasibility considerations to make universities development hubs in Africa through the availability of high-speed internet. 57 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Reaching the Upcoming Global 4 The objective of this activity is to conduct country-level in progress Bottom 10%: Knowledge assessments and diagnostic reviews, compile international Financing, best practices and suggest a framework, action plan, Policy and and recommendations for a new model for Universal Regulatory Service Fund (USF) repurposed for accelerated access Models and and the wider Digital Economy (e.g. considering new Country Case market entrants such as OTTs). This new model should Studies be an efficient and agile instrument, replicable in other regions and countries, to support the targets of increasing broadband connectivity, especially in rural areas and for vulnerable populations, closing the gender, social, and geographical digital divide towards reaching full access by 2030. The outputs will inform the DE4A, government policy, operationalization and design of the USF, broadband Internet Access for All deployment, and Digital Economy strategy. 5G Flagship Active Global 4 The new generation of 5G mobile networks, often touted in progress Activity: Knowledge as one of the most radical technological revolutions, is 5G as an widely regarded as the engine underpinning economic Opportunity development and competitiveness of countries. 5G to Leapfrog technology will disrupt the traditional mobile business Development ecosystem and transform entire industries around the internet of things (IoT), enabling US$12.3 trillion of global economic output and creating 22 million jobs by 2035. However, there is inconclusive evidence of the potential impact of 5G in the development context. Disruptive technologies can act as enablers to growth as well as inhibitors from their tendency to exacerbate the digital divide. With such a revolutionary technology, the effects of the digital divide from 5G may be irreversible. The primary aim of this activity is to bring about awareness around the technology and to provide a platform to discuss the implications for development both in terms of opportuni- ties and limitations. Cambodia: Active Country 2 Cambodia is keen to better leverage digital technologies to -- Two publications were complet- -- The policy recommen- Getting Specific support its development objectives, including investing in ed, (i) Benefiting from the Digital dations were accepted Ready for an more effective institutions and supporting a more dynamic Economy: Cambodia Policy Note by the government and Increased Use private sector. With a full section in its 2014-2018 National 2018, and (ii) World Bank Digital incorporated in the 2018 of ICT Enablers Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) dedicated to ICT, the Economy report for Vietnam and Rectangular Strategy Plan in Government country has made the development and better use of ICTs Cambodia, April 2019. Phase IV and supported Services a priority. To assist with implementation of this high-level -- Two workshops were carried out, initial preparation of the strategy, this DDP-funded activity will assist Cambodia in a presentation on the preliminary 15 Year National Strategic particular as regards opportunities for higher use of ICT in findings of the Digital Economy Framework for the Digital government services. The activity will help identify priority Policy Note at a workshop hosted Economy, which prioritizes areas and key services to be digitized in the country context at MEF, chaired by H.E. Vongsey the need to develop Digital Government of Cambodia, and conduct feasibility studies and cost-ben- Vissoth, Secretary of State. A the Digital Economy in efit analyses for shared infrastructure and e-services. There 2019 national workshop on Cambodia. is a possibility that the work will lead to a request for an Digital Economy, which launched investment project funding from the World Bank. the preparation of the 15-year National Strategic Framework for the Digital Economy. Vietnam Upcoming Country 3 At the request of Vietnam and with the strong backing of in progress Cloud: Specific the World Bank’s Country Director, this activity is planned Computing to undertake a cloud computing readiness assessment Readiness that will lead to the preparation of a cloud computing Assessment investment lending in Vietnam. The cloud computing assessment will cover all levels of government and will specifically target feasibility of a smart city cloud for the government’s local level. 58 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Maximizing Upcoming Global 4 The objective of this assistance is to fill a specific analytical in progress Finance for Knowledge gap existing in the area of data and cloud infrastructure Development in emerging markets at the interface of public sector (MFD) in development support and private sector infrastructure Global Data financing. To this end, this study will be carried out jointly and Cloud by a World Bank and IFC team, and it will (i) estimate the Infrastructure size of the cloud/data market in Africa and other emerging Study regions; (ii) benchmark metrics for financial, technical, and operational performance; (iii) undertake economic analyses of the impact of the cloud economy; and (iv) offer regulatory recommendations for emerging markets. Eventually, the work will provide timely input to operations under preparation by both the World Bank and the IFC, and it will advance the discussion on global public goods in the digital age and financing models at the public-pri- vate sector interface. Digital Government Governance Upcoming Global 4 This activity will take a government perspective on in progress of the DE4A Knowledge the ongoing upgrading of the digital infrastructure in Implementa- African countries through the DE4A and apply a common tion in Africa methodology framework to understand the political economy implications underlying this development. The objective is to improve the understanding of best practices for an enabling environment and governance framework for digital infrastructure, providing inclusion, cost-effectiveness, and operational efficiency in a country, and mitigating governance risks such as capture or inappropriate rent-seeking by individual stakeholders. Advanced Upcoming Global 4 The objective of this activity is to respond to specific in progress Cloud Systems Knowledge government requests, to provide best practice options and for Digital recommendations for cloud-based government e-service Government delivery. Depending on the status of the development Platforms of the cloud-infrastructure, this may include early advice and feasibility, advanced knowledge on expanding existing cloud capacities, as well as critical policy issues and procuring cost-effective digital infrastructure. Work will include whole-of-government and citizen/business perspectives and is typically expected to lead to a World Bank lending operation. HELP Network Upcoming Country 4 This activity is offering just-in-time advice to governments in progress Specific on digital solutions, in particular digital government and platforms. Energy: Digital Active Global 2 With unprecedented speed and scale, digital transforma- in progress Technologies/ Knowledge tion is having significant impact on multiple industries, Mainstreaming Digital Technologies Assessment including the energy sector. The digital agenda in the Methodology energy sector is being driven by a combination of technolo- gies and a more complex world demanding greater agility, speed, and digital competences. So far, the activity has delivered a workshop to World Bank Group staff (WB and IFC) exploring the synergies between digital connectivity, energy access, and digital technologies, and how they can be leveraged to close energy and connectivity access gaps. An assessment methodology and proof of concept to advance the mainstreaming of digital technologies in the energy sector is forthcoming. 59 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Transport: Active Country 2 Experimental use of emerging and next generation -- The activity delivered a major -- This activity has contribut- Spectrum Specific Internet of Things (IoT) technology can shed light on how report and several studies, which ed to a shift in mindset of Analytics - short wave, low power, spectrum sensing devices can are currently being compiled the government towards Connected responsibly expand spectrum usage opportunities on exist- into a final report, including a different possible Roads Pilot in ing bands without causing harmful interference. This pilot an impact/ analysis of the approach to maintenance Peru project is utilizing existing satellite connectivity to model accelerometers installed and of roads which in the end an IoT usage case related to road asset management and an impact/analysis of the data could have an impact monitoring of rural roads that could be supported by captured by the 3D camera and in road safety through fiber or mobile broadband once terrestrial infrastructure laser system. the use of innovative is deployed in Peru’s more isolated areas. Successful -- The team further provided technologies. In addition, collection and analysis of data is demonstrating the viability technical support to the piloting the activity has contributed of additional use cases for IoT-based remote sensing that of the WiFi deployment. to a shift in mindset of the responsibly use license-exempt or secondary use spectrum. -- A hackathon with more government towards the Specifically, the activity is developing (i) a data analytics than 500 participants was use of new technologies platform, data analytics, and hackathon related to other carried out to boost innovation for connecting remote and use cases; and (ii) in collaboration with Airbus, leverage in digital technologies and local rural areas. their deployment of the three “connected transport” buses entrepreneurship. equipped by Airbus, including the WiFi routers, flat panel antennas, and cost of bandwidth for the pilot. Transport: Active Country 2 Lake Victoria’s shores and islands are home to more than -- This activity has funded the -- The activity has contrib- Autonomous Specific 30 million people – one of the most densely populated inaugural Lake Victoria Challenge uted to a shift in mindset Ariel Systems rural areas in the world. Vital health supplies and other (LVC) Trial and Symposium, held of the government in Tanzania urgent goods often face significant challenges due to in Mwanza, Tanzania in October towards a competitive rugged terrain, remote islands, and limited road networks. 2018, which brought together sector regulation and a Mainstreaming Digital Technologies Enabling cargo drones as a digitally enabled transport par- almost 300 participants from needs-based challenge adigm has tremendous potential to alleviate supply chain 23 countries and saw 34 flights model from a tech-driven burdens.This activity is bringing together global teams at from five different drone teams, pilot project. Lake Victoria to compete on real-world cargo problems, prompting research into new -- The activity informs and launch a set of technical assistance activities in pilot use-cases for unmanned aerial regulations in multiple countries in the region. The activity catalyzes industrial systems in the region. states relating to use of policy and innovation strategy, and connects international -- The activity has also prepared unmanned aerial vehicles investment with local innovation. A competition – inspired an operations manual which has as well as informing the by similar technology challenges from solar cars to rocket been disseminated internally to capacity of regional bodies industry – is helping to surface emerging technologies for the LVC team and the members such as ICAO and CASSOA deployment in supply chain strengthening projects. of the advisory board. The Ops for advising member Manual will be used as a basis states. ICAO set up in for the preparation of the Ops February 2019 a working Manual for the main ADF/LKC group on unmanned event in February 2020. systems for humanitar- -- In Tanzania, an Unmanned Traffic ian and development Management (UTM) workshop applications, informed took place from May 6-8, 2019, by this activity and taking to build technical capacity of feedback from the 2018 government to understand what regulatory proceedings. a UTM system is, and to identify A guidance note to ICAO requirements for a Tanzania- states is expected in specific UTM. December 2019. -- CASSOA – the East African Civil Aviation Safety and Security Oversight Agency has also requested of the Bank capacity building and knowledge exchange in performance-based regulations and digital airspace management technologies (Unified Space or Unmanned Traffic management systems). 60 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Agriculture: Active Global 3 How can we put digital technology to work for the -- So far, five background Developing Knowledge agricultural transformation? Satellites are driving tractors, research papers have been an Economic sensors are turning on-and-off irrigation systems, produced: (i) Don Larson, “Digital Framework sophisticated logistics are enabling small hyper-specialized Technologies, Agriculture, and for Digital producers to reach new consumers, and blockchain Impact Pathways”; (ii) Madhu Technologies is undoubtedly changing the way we think about the Khanna, “ Digital Transformation in Agri food we put in our bodies. And while these changes of the Agricultural Sector, are inevitable, policymakers need a framework to make Determinants of Farm-Scale digital a positive force for transformation and minimize its Adoption and Value-Added”; risks. The activity is therefore (i) developing an economic (iii) John Nash jointly with the framework to assess how digital technologies can impact team, “Digital Acceleration of the efficiency, equity, and environmental sustainability of Agricultural Transformation: agricultural transformation, and (ii) identifying the relevant An analytical Framework”; (iv) public policies and instruments to facilitate the diffusion, Elinor Benami and Michael maximize the positive impacts, and mitigate the risks of Carter, “ Can Digital Technologies digital technologies in the agricultural transformation. Reshape Rural Microfinance? Implications for Credit, Insurance, and Saving”; and (v) Regina Birner, Thomas Daum and Carl Pray “Farming 4.0: Harnessing Opportunities and Managing Threats of Digitalization in Crop and Livestock Farming and in the Agricultural Input Industries”. -- One workshop has been carried Mainstreaming Digital Technologies out at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.; along with several BBLs at the World Bank Education: Active Country 3 Low- and middle-income countries face the challenge -- The team has so far almost Southeast Specific to adapt to and anticipate skills demands from the completed preparatory work, Asia: rapidly-developing digital economy. Another is finding including (i) initial consultations Data-driven appropriate models for private-public partnership in skills with clients in the Governments Digital Skills development and planning. More systematic data analysis of Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Development and tracking on skills trends, availability, and possible Thailand, and the Philippines; (ii) Strategies matching opportunities would help to address these a literature review on digital skills challenges. As part of our SE Asia and Indonesia digital taxonomies applicable to this economy program, an initial review of the skills challenges engagement; and (iii) consulta- has been undertaken, in cooperation with institutions in tions with Microsoft on potential Malaysia and Singapore that are trying to position their software development options, economies for the “digital skills future”. This impacts and with the National University both the mainstream education sector, and the lifelong/ of Singapore on potential data continuous learning sector. Outcomes of the work will be: analytics approaches. an analytical framework for skills tracking and planning; guidelines on database development; capacity building for data analytics; improved job/skills matching; improved availability of data for decision-making; and education resources planning. Agriculture: Upcoming Global 4 Agriculture is one of the key sectors identified by the in progress Pilot Engage- Knowledge African Union to benefit from digital technologies, making ment for a it a priority for development on the African continent. This DE4A Lending activity will therefore support the development of a proof Project of concept and minimum viable product for a large-scale focused on the digital platform for big data in agriculture that can power Agricultural the adoption of sustainable e-extension digital services Sector for agriculture. This includes the establishment of a statistical database, automated monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems, and granular georeferenced data for the agriculture sector. The work will be piloted in Morocco. 61 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Education: Active Country 4 Building on the analytical work, this activity will support in progress Developing Specific 10 African countries who have completed their general the Skills DE4A digital economy assessments through dedicated skills Components development programs. of 10 African DE4A Country Interventions Environment: Upcoming Global 4 The use of digital technologies for better protection of the in progress Piloting Work Knowledge world’s oceans is an innovative and emerging application to Leverage of digital technologies. This activity, which is subject to Digital further definition, will build a first bridge to develop a Technologies closer relationship between digital and environmental for Cleaner development work programs, through a pilot application Oceans related to the ocean economy. Energy: Upcoming Global 4 This activity will identify and better characterize the range in progress Infrastructure Knowledge of digital innovations and solutions of relevance to the Frontier energy sector. To this end, it will i) analyze the emerging Analysis and experience and evaluate the (economic) impact associated Engagement with the implementation of some of the most prominent Framework innovations; ii) assess the reforms that need to accompany for Digital promising innovations (governance, institutional, policy, Transformation Mainstreaming Digital Technologies and regulatory frameworks, structural market changes, jobs, and other); and iii) assess the baseline conditions (how digitized are the utilities and grids) of World Bank client countries. The results of this flagship work will inform future energy sector lending operations, promoting the uptake of digital technologies. Transport: Upcoming Global 4 The objective of this activity is to support the digital in progress Flagship Knowledge transformation of transport and the development of an report on the intelligent transport sector, by leapfrogging to advanced Digitalization data collection and by using Artificial Intelligence and of Transport big data. Central to the effort is the development of a crowdsourcing, multi-platform, integrated, open API, exploitable big data system for tracking traffic, congestion, and traffic accidents. Transport: Upcoming Global 4 This activity will develop a pilot for the application of digital in progress Regional Knowledge technology in World Bank urban transport projects. Program for Digital Innova- tion to Public Transport Sector Reform Urban Upcoming Country 4 This activity develops a framework to optimize digital in progress Development: Specific connectivity and promote infrastructure-sharing for some Smart City of the world’s largest and most populated metropolises. Digital The smart-cities approach towards improved digital Capacities in connectivity and services will be an efficient and agile Selected Pilot instrument, replicable across regions and countries, to Countries support the targets of increasing broadband connectivity, closing the gender, social, and geographical digital divide towards more efficient, smarter, greener, and connected cities. The project outputs will be tested in a few cities. 62 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 CLOSED ACTIVITIES Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ ICT4D Report Closed Global 1 The major DDP deliverable thus far under its Data and -- One main output report – -- Generally, enhanced Knowledge Indicators Window has been the 2018 edition of the IC4D18, including executive understanding of the Information and Communication for Development (ICT4D) summary, published in October requirements for data reg- Report, focused on Data-driven Development. The report 2018. The report has since then ulation and data strategies. examines how better information can foster better policies. been downloaded about 18,000 More than 30 economies It aims to help firms and governments in developing times and shared through currently lack any legislation countries unlock the value in the data they hold to improve around 500 paper sales/ in this field. service delivery and decision making and empower summaries. -- Seychelles is of the 35 coun- individuals to take more control of their personal data. The tries currently developing report was formally launched during the DDP workshop data protection and privacy in Seoul, on October 16-17, 2018, with a DC launch on regulation. The report was October 30, 2018, in the context of the DDP Speaker Series. presented at a workshop It has been downloaded around 18,000 times thus far, on May 9, in the context of and its content has started to inspire and influence policy a broader Digital Economy making in low- and middle-income countries. Around 35 for Africa diagnostic study. economies around the world are currently drafting data As a result of the discussion, protection legislation (source UNCTAD), and are therefore the government agreed to able to benefit from the analysis and recommendations accelerate the adoption of presented in the report. the new legislation. -- Ethiopia passed a new Communications Proclamation on June Data and Indicators 13, 2019, with advisory services provided by the WBG team, including two members of IC4D18 author team. The new law contains provisions relating to the duties and powers of the new Regulatory Authority – Ethiopian Communications Authority. These include a provision, under Article 3, 6-25 “ To promote information security, data privacy and protection”. Niger: Closed Country 3 This activity was meant to map migrant flows using Call none none Assessing Specific Detail Record (CDR) data and mobile payment data in Migration Niger. Such spatial and temporal data can be used to track using CRD data migrant flows in response to emergencies (Boko Haram; and Other weather shocks) but also ‘normal’ migration patterns Geo-spatial from rural to urban areas, as well as migration patterns Technologies within urban areas (such as from slums to other areas). Unfortunately, the activity had to be closed without results (and with little funding spent), as it was not possible to obtain the required data for analysis. Legal issues on data ownership could not be resolved and the main operator with whom the team had hoped to collaborate, Orange Niger, in 2019 decided to withdraw from the market. Development Closed Global 1 This activity has played a key role over the past three years -- This activity has supported -- The Digital Economy for of the Knowledge to develop, conceptualize, and launch the work in the the definition of the Digital Africa (DE4A) is launched Enabling Digital Economy area. It has helped develop a common Economy work through a as a multi-year flagship Environment framework for digital economy assessments, define critical range of contributions to the program, involving a Digital Economy for Digital indicators for the main building blocks of the intervention discussion, inputs to assessment World Bank commitment Economy area, and boosted international, regional, and national methodologies, and G20 to invest US$25 billion into interest in the topic. As such, it has helped pave the reports. the digital sector in Africa way for the Digital Economy for Africa initiative, and has by 2030. underpinned the first round of country assessments, such as in Senegal and Tajikistan. 63 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Senegal: Closed Country 1 The objective of this activity was to support Senegal in -- The Final Report has been -- Increased interest in a Digital Specific gaining a holistic perspective of the country’s readiness broadly disseminated in two wider private sector par- Economy for a digital transformation in line with the October versions, English and French: ticipation in the sector and 2016 adopted national strategy for the Digital Economy -- Digital Economy for Africa: the need for more efficient ("Sénégal numérique") that establishes clear policy Country Diagnostic of Senegal regulation regarding orientations to promote competition and establish an -- Économie numérique pour dominant players. improved governance model for the ICT sector. To achieve l’Afrique (DE4A) Diagnostic pays -- Stronger consensus among this objective, the activity had carried out a Digital Economy pour le Sénégal. policymakers towards the Country Assessment (DECA) in Senegal, and identified two -- Workshops in Dakar. achievement of a series of priority sectors eligible for World Bank interventions. Part structural sector reforms. of the results also include the recent (December 2018) -- A series of legal and adoption of the Code on Electronic Communications, which regulatory acts, which were ends a long period of regulatory uncertainty. developed in the context of the interactions with the WB team: (i) Preparation of a decree on frequency management and fees; (ii) Attribution of a 4g license to Tigo; (iii) Implementation of the Universal Service Funds/ policy, (v) preparation of a concession; and (vi) adoption and implementa- Digital Economy tion of the dominant players regulation. Central Asia: Closed Country 2 This activity carried out a range of digital economy country -- Several technical presentations -- DEXA assessments and Designing and Specific assessments, to help governments and key stakeholders have been developed for recommendations have Piloting Digital gain a holistic understanding of the current state of the Kyrgystan and Uzbeskistan. directly shaped the Digital Economy digital economy in their country and identify existing gaps -- A long list of workshops and Kyrgyzstan concept and eXpress and opportunities. In Kyrgyzstan, the findings and policy other engagement sessions has roadmap. Assessments recommendations have guided the development of the been carried out: (i) Intro to -- In Uzbekistan and (DEXA) Digital Kyrgyzstan 2019-2023 concept and its implementa- DESA (tool and questionnaire) Armenia, DEXA insights tion roadmap. These efforts have also contributed to the in Kyrgyzstan (October 2, are considered in the preparation and approval of the Digital CASA-Kyrgyzstan 2018); (ii) Presentation of key process of drafting a new project that was officially ratified by the Parliament of the findings and survey results digital economy concept Kyrgyz Republic in 2019. In Uzbekistan the government is in Kyrgyzstan (January 28, and roadmap (Digital using the assessment to inform the Digital CASA KG project 2019); (iii) Presentation of key Uzbekistan 2030 and Digital preparation and the Digital Uzbekistan 2030 strategy recommendations in Kyrgyzstan Armenia strategy). design. In Armenia, the work has informed the digital (February 13, 2019); (iv) Intro economy strategy (DATA – Digital Armenia Transformation to DESA tool and questionnaire Agenda) prepared by the Ministry of High-Tech Industry. in Uzbekistan (August 17, 2018); (iv) Presentation of key findings and survey results in Uzbekistan (April 24, 2019); and (v) presentation of key findings and survey results to private sector in Armenia (September 12, 2019). 64 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Malawi: Closed Country 1 This activity has contributed significantly to developing -- This activity delivered -- The videos contributed Telling its Specific both political will and country commitment for Malawi’s engagement videos for a significantly to a positive Digital Story digital economy agenda both through the video which “Digital Malawi’ project. change in the government’s illustrated Malawi’s digital future but also by providing mindset regarding the objective economic and financial analysis during the design Digital Malawi project. of the project. In particular, the activity supported an The videos made it easier economic and financial analysis for the recently approved for the government to and effective US$72.4 million IDA-financed Digital Malawi visualize how this project project, which illustrated the strong return on investment would improve the lives expected under the project and helped build the case for of their citizens and also its approval with the Ministry of Finance and Members of transform the delivery of Parliament. The economic and financial analysis models, public services. The videos designed and created under this window, are being were recorded in Malawi replicated for similar new digital economy investments. and real citizens were used instead of actors which lent an authentic feel to the message. Peru: Closed Country 1 The main activity under this TA was the development -- Studies to determine the -- This activity has helped Innovative Use Specific of the innovative Spectrum Management in Peru. The status quo of current spectrum open the telecom sector to Internet Access for All of Spectrum studies allowed to determine the status quo of current usage in Peru and provide competition, supporting spectrum usage in Peru and provide advice on applicable advice on applicable innovative the adoption of three innovative spectrum-sharing practices, as well as efficient spectrum-sharing practices as regulatory acts (i) Supreme use of spectrum management, based on conducting and well as efficient use of spectrum Decree modifying the subsequently analyzing results of a spectrum measurement management. telecommunications survey and expectations of future demand, and supporting -- Two workshops were regulation, approved the project team in conducting stakeholder interviews and delivered, one to present on January 24, 2018, (ii) consultations. best practices on the digital Supreme Decree approving In addition, two workshops were delivered, (i) one to agenda regarding spectrum the Specific Regulation present best practices on the digital agenda regarding innovation in the region, and a for the Reordering of a spectrum innovation in the region, and (ii) a second second that discussed regional frequency band approved workshop that consisted of discussion of regional efficiency efficiency spectrum policies and on October 22, 2018; and spectrum policies and regulations researched by Peru and regulations. (iii) Ministerial Resolution implemented in Mexico. The panelists described the main -- Support has been offered modifying the National challenges for Peru and some best practices from Mexico. to the client’s project team Frequency Allocation Plan, Due to the analytical work carried out, and the workshops in conducting stakeholder approved on July 8, 2019; developed in Peru, the MTC has implemented the interviews, consultations, and with expected results in following activities: (i) from January to June 2019 the developing the new policy. terms of increasing access MTC started a consultation with the private sector for the in remote and rural areas refarming of specific bands aiming at promoting the entry through the promotion of of new operators as well as the use of new technologies competition, entry of new (5G or TV white spaces); (ii) policy changes for promoting operators, and use of new spectrum leasing and spectrum secondary markets; and technologies. (iii) reduction in the license price for operators that deploy infrastructure in rural, poor, and remote areas. E-Government Closed Global 1 This activity has prepared a Digital Government Readiness -- This activity has developed a -- The toolkit has helped Master Toolkit Knowledge Assessment (DGRA) toolkit, which assesses the current digital government readiness shape the knowledge and state of readiness of a government to adopt and leverage toolkit and made it available insights of the governments disruptive technologies towards better online public ser- through a web-based platform. where it has been used. Digital Government vice delivery. As a strategic planning tool, the DGRA aims -- The tool was subsequently to evaluate the current potential for digital government tested in various country as- development across eight key dimensions: leadership signments, including Lebanon, and governance; user focus; business process change; Vietnam, Senegal, Moldova, capabilities, culture, and skills; shared infrastructure; data Tunisia, Serbia, Myanmar, and driven; cybersecurity, privacy and resilience; and enabling Uzbekistan. national ecosystem. Some first applications of the toolkit have already been carried out to test it and refine the methodology. 65 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Massive Open Closed Global 1 Beyond infrastructure and policy reforms, a widespread -- This activity has supported the -- The toolkit has helped Online Course Knowledge recognition of the development-enhancing effects of development of a Massive Open shape the knowledge and (MOOC) digital technologies are necessary for a country to reap Online Course (MOOC). In its insights of the governments on Digital digital dividends. To foster a large uptake of information initial cycle from November where it has been used. Dividends on digital technologies and the opportunities offered by to December 2017, it has digital development, DDP supported the development been made available to more of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). This course, than 3,000 people from 147 named Digital Dividends and hosted through the World countries. Bank’s Open Learning Campus (OLC), is based on the World Development Report 2016. In its initial cycle from November to December 2017, it has been made available to more than 3,000 people from 147 countries Myanmar: Closed Country 1 This activity has assisted the Government of Myanmar -- Assistance to the Government of -- While project preparation Advanced Specific (GOM) in analyzing the investment feasibility of a proposed Myanmar (GOM) in analyzing took more time, the Digital US$100 million Digital Myanmar project. The activity also the investment feasibility of a suggestion for a Digital Solutions analyzed and provided strategic advice to GOM for the proposed US$100 million Digital Myanmar project is alive project’s successful implementation; including options for Myanmar project. and may materialize in the institutional structure, political economy stakeholders and future. issues, and key risks and suggested mitigations. While project preparation took more time, the suggestion for such a project is alive and may materialize in the future. Kyrgyz Closed Country 2 This activity aimed at supporting preparation, technical -- Two digital government -- The activity has fostered a Republic and Specific design, and early implementation support of Digital readiness assessments were more holistic and data-driv- Uzbekistan/ CASA (Central Asia – South Asia) projects in Kyrgyzstan completed, and the report en approach to digital Digital and Uzbekistan. This was achieved through conducting shared with the Governments government. CASA: Rapid digital government readiness assessments and related of Kyrgystan and Uzbeskistan as Digital Government Assistance to just-in-time technical assistance to client agencies in both internal documents. Support Digital countries to ensure more effective project design and -- Two workshops were carried Government implementation. For Kyrgyzstan, a digital government out in both countries, to launch Lending readiness assessment was carried out in late 2018, with key the work and disseminate the Projects recommendations shared with the government in February results. 2019. Digital government readiness assessments followed in Uzbekistan in spring 2019, complemented by just-in- time technical assistance on digital government provided to the client on its draft digital government strategy and relevant DCASA components. Vietnam: Closed Country 2 This activity has helped assess the readiness of the -- One final report (both in English -- The Ministry of ICT submit- Digital Specific Government of Vietnam on the enabling environment and Vietnamese). ted a national ICT master- Government for digital government around key capabilities including -- Two workshops at launch plan to the PM in March Implemen- leadership and governance, user focus, data, infrastruc- and at the conclusion of the 2019, which incorporated a tation of ture, etc. and prioritized institutional and technical areas work, chaired by Minister government cloud comput- Cloud-Based that require government investment and support. A Mai Tien Dung of the Office ing by following recommen- G2C Services comprehensive action plan, highlighting concrete next of the Government. These dations of this project. steps to introduce user-centered service design; transform engagement activities reached -- During the final workshop business processes to make them digital end-to-end; more than 200 representatives in January 2019, the partic- provide mobile-based access to services; introduce and from 14 client entities including ipants including Minister use common data and shared services consistently across government agencies (Ministry Mai Tien Dung of the government; renew and upgrade the ICT architecture of ICT, Ministry of Finance, Office of the Government towards secure cloud technology; as well as bring to ap- Ministry of Public Safety, endorsed digital govern- plication accompanying leadership, change management, Ministry of Science and ment and open data as an and governance models, was presented to the government Technology, etc.), private sector, “inevitable trend” and “the in early 2019. media, and diplomats. necessary step towards Industry 4.0. -- A regulation on e-document exchange between govern- ment agencies was issued in July 2018, which is major progress given the embed- ded paper-based workflows of the GoV. 66 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Activity Status Scope Description Outputs Outcomes Window Tranche Year/ Transport: Closed Global 1 The activity was the first that aimed to mainstream digital -- Content for the new Transport -- A first push towards a Better Data Knowledge technologies in the transport sector. It has delivered (i) Digital Data Toolkit. better uptake of digital for Smarter content for the Transport Digital Data Toolkit; (ii) a detailed -- A detailed report on transport technology in the World Transport report on transport data innovations and solutions, data innovations and solutions, Bank’s transport sector classified by subsector (urban transport, rural accessibility, classified by subsector (urban operations. road maintenance, road safety, etc.). Examples of the transport, rural accessibility, solutions featured include: Crash Data Tool (DRIVER), Rural road maintenance, road safety, Mainstreaming Digital Technologies Area Accessibility Tool, Urban Transport Accessibility Tool etc.). and Pavement Evaluation Tool (RoadLabPro) that were -- A working prototype of an developed by the World Bank and widely used in opera- integrated geospatial platform tions; (iii) a working prototype of an integrated geospatial that brings together all the platform that brings together all the identified transport identified transport data tools. data tools. The integrated platform allows transport profes- -- A pilot platform to monitor sionals and policymakers to visualize on one map multiple information on gender-based layers of data, which were previously isolated, such as violence (GBV) focused on data on congestion, crash information, vehicle locations in mining social media data and public transport, and a variety of infrastructure and safety blending it with geospatial data from multiple data sources, so that a comprehensive information related to World decision can be made with information from multiple Bank-funded transport projects aspects of transport infrastructure and services; and (iv) in the Democratic Republic of a pilot platform to monitor information on gender-based Congo (DRC). violence (GBV) focused on mining social media data and blending it with geospatial information related to World Bank-funded transport projects in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). 67 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 4: LENDING LEVERAGING OVERVIEW World Bank analytical work, technical assistance work, and infrastructure lead to their highest development outcomes if the different instruments are leveraged. Analytical work usually prepares the ground for more significant invest- ments by assessing a client situation and determining investment needs and expected outcomes. Technical assistance can support on matters of policy reform and enabling environment. Comprehensive loans and grants (financed by the World Bank or possibly also other development banks and commercial financiers) will do the heavy-lifting by financing infrastructure or comprehensive human capital development efforts. DDP support has been instrumental to move the agenda to implementation level, leveraging lending from the World Bank. For clients and DDP partners alike, leverag- ing World Bank loans and grants means maximal results for the seed funding provided through the DDP trust fund. ACTIVE PORTFOLIO Window Donors Status Scope Year/ Recent, Current, or Planned World Bank Tranche Lending and IFC Investment Projects Tanzania: Data Diagnostic Active Country 1 -- Tanzania Digital Foundations Project – US$150m Specific Use of Digital Technologies by SMEs Active Global 2 -- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Cities and Digital Transformation Knowledge Project; PDO -- IDA US$150m Engendering ICT Toolkit Active Global 3 -- Uganda Digital Acceleration Program Knowledge -- Uzbekistan Digital Development (gender components Data and Indicators in most of the projects) Fragility, Conflict and Violence as a Context for the Upcoming Global 4 -- Regional Communications Infrastructure Program - Development for Digital Economies Knowledge APL 4, -- US$32m -- Somalia SCALED-UP Program, -- US$31m -- Proposed Digital Sahel Transformation Program -- Proposed Horn of Africa Digital Foundations Program Kazakhstan: Supporting National Data Strategies Upcoming Country 4 -- Digital Kazakhstan – US$220m Specific Tajikistan: Supporting National Data Strategies Upcoming Country 4 -- Digital CASA – Tajikistan – US$50 million (pipeline) Specific Rwanda: Accelerating the Digital Economy Active Country 3 -- ‘Digital Rwanda’ project – US$100 million (planned) Specific Jordan: Analysis of PPP options for Broadband and Active Country 2 -- IFC Investment Project Digital Platforms specific Angola: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 -- Angola Program for Investment – US$250 million Specific (early pipeline) Côte d’Ivoire: Digital Economy Assessment Active Country 4 -- Côte d’Ivoire E-Agriculture Project -- US$70 million Digital Economy Specific -- Digital Economy project (planned) Uganda: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 -- Uganda Digital Acceleration Program – US$200 Specific million South Asia: Digital Economy Assessments for eight Active Country 4 -- Afghanistan project countries in SAR Specific -- Bangladesh: Leveraging ICT for Growth, Employment, and Governance – US$50 million Central Asia/Tajikistan: Technical assistance to foster Upcoming Country 4 -- Digital CASA – Kyrgyz Republic Project -- US$50 million the update of Digital Technologies Specific -- Digital CASA – Uzbekistan – US$78.5 million (pipeline) -- Digital CASA – Tajikistan – US$50 million (pipeline) 68 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Window Donors Status Scope Year/ Recent, Current, or Planned World Bank Tranche Lending and IFC Investment Projects Africa: Cybersecurity Capacity Building in Africa Active Country 2 -- Digital Malawi - US$72.4 million Cybersecurity Specific -- Nigeria ID4D - US$430 million (pipeline) -- Digital Cabo Verde – (pipeline) Asia: Cybersecurity in Asia Active Country 2 Specific Ethiopia: Telecom sector Reform Active Country 3 -- Ethiopia Digital Foundation Project – US$300 million Internet Access Specific for All East Africa (Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda): Pre-Investment Active Country 3 -- Kenya Digital Economy Acceleration Program – Support for East Africa Single Digital Market Specific US$500 million -- Single Digital Market DPO -- US$250 million (FY21) Cambodia: Getting Ready for an Increased Use of ICT Active Country 2 -- Soft proposal for a digital economy lending project Government Enablers in Government Services Specific for FY21 Digital Vietnam Cloud: Computing Readiness Assessment Upcoming Country 3 -- Digital Government lending project -- approx. US$20 Specific million (planned) CLOSED ACTIVITIES Window Donors Status Scope Year/ Recent, Current, or Planned World Bank Tranche Lending and IFC Investment Projects ICT4D Report Closed Global 1 -- Digital Kazakhstan -- US$220 million Knowledge Central Asia: Designing and Piloting Digital Economy Closed Country 2 -- Digital CASA – Kyrgyz Republic Project – US$50 million eXpress Assessments (DEXA) Specific -- Digital CASA – Uzbekistan -- US$178.5 million (pipeline) -- Digital CASA – Tajikistan – US$50 million (pipeline) Malawi: Telling its Digital Story Closed Country 1 -- Digital Malawi – US$72 milliion Internet Access Specific for All Peru: Innovative Use of Spectrum Closed Country 1 -- Peru “911 emergency response” project -- US$44 Specific million, out of which US$36.2 million financed by IBRD E-Government Master Toolkit Closed Global 1 -- Digital CASA – Kyrgyzstan – US$50 million Knowledge -- Digital Economy Lebanon (under preparation) Digital Government -- Digital Tunisia -- US$100 million (active) -- Digital Myanmar (under preparation) Myanmar: Advanced Digital Solutions Closed Country 1 -- Digital Myanmar (under preparation) Specific Kyrgyz Republic and Uzbekistan / Digital CASA: Rapid Closed Country 2 -- Digital CASA – Kyrgyz Republic Project -- US$50 million Assistance to Support Digital Government Lending Specific -- Digital CASA – Uzbekistan – US$178.5 million Projects (pipeline) -- Digital CASA – Tajikistan – US$50 million (pipeline) 69 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 5: SUPPORT TO WORLD BANK COUNTRY STRATEGY FORMULATION The below lists the countries in which DDP has helped shaped the World Bank’s general intervention strategy, such as expressed in the World Bank’s Country Partnership Frameworks or similar strategy documents. These documents are of high relevance for World Bank operations as they determine the general intervention strategy of the World Bank in a giv- en country. A solid reflection of the digital agenda in these strategy documents reflects the client government’s interest in the agenda and lays the ground for future investments and operational advances of the digital sector in the country. Africa (AFR) Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A), African Union Digital Transformation Strategy East Asia & Pacific (EAP) Cambodia, the Philippines, Timor-Leste Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan Latin America & Caribbean (LAC) Peru Middle East & North Africa (MENA) – South Asia (SAR) Pakistan Digital Economy for South Asia (DE4SA) 70 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNEX 6: CLIENT COUNTRIES AND CLIENT ENTITIES The below listed client countries and client entities are profitting from DDP-funded analysis, dedicated technical assis- tance, or involve other forms of close engagements within the DDP partnership. Typically, only DDP country-specific activities will have clients. In some cases, DDP develops global knowledge and tests it at country level. In these cases, these global knowledge activities are included in the below table. In addition to what is stated in the table, DDP maintaines country relationships that are still more initial or less close. For example, when global reports are being launched, the occasion of the launch is often used for an initial conversation with potential clients on matters of the digital agenda. As these relationships are initial, emerging, or have a softer form, they are not mentioned in the following table. ACTIVE PORTFOLIO Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche Tanzania: Data Diagnostic Active Country 1 ·· Tanzania ·· Ministry of Works, Transport and Communications Specific ·· Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) ·· eGovernment Agency (eGA) ·· National Bureau of Statistics Use of Digital Technologies by SMEs Active Global 2 ·· Armenia Knowledge ·· Malaysia ·· Moldova ·· Pakistan Operationalizing Big Data Active Global 3 ·· Kenya ·· Nigeria, Federal Ministry of Water Resources Data and Indicators Knowledge ·· Uganda ·· Uganda Ministry in charge of ICT ·· Rwanda ·· Rwanda Uganda Ministries in charge of ICT ·· Saint Lucia, Grenada, ·· Saint Lucia, Grenada, Saint Vincent, Dominica, Saint Vincent, Ministries in charge of ICT Dominica Fragility, Conflict and Violence as a Upcoming Global 4 ·· Yemen (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Yemen and in one Sahel Context for the Development for Digital Knowledge ·· One Sahel country country (upcoming) Economies (upcoming) Kazakhstan: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 ·· Kazakhstan ·· Different stakeholders in Kazakhstan Strategies Specific Armenia: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 ·· Armenia (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Armenia (upcoming) Strategies Specific Tajikistan: Supporting National Data Upcoming Country 4 ·· Tajikistan (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Tajikistan (upcoming) Strategies Specific 71 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche Southeast Asia: Framework for a Digital Active Country 1 ·· Indonesia* ·· Indonesia: Coordinating Ministry for Economic Economy Specific ·· Thailand* Affairs, Ministry of Information & Communications, ·· Vietnam* Ministry of National Planning, National ICT Council ·· Malaysia ·· Thailand: Ministry of Digital Economy and Society, ·· Cambodia Office of National Digital Economy, Digital ·· Lao PDR Economy Promotion Agency ·· Philippines ·· Vietnam: Office of Government, Ministry of [* focus countries; Industry and Trade plus dissemination of ·· Malaysia: Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation findings in additional ·· Cambodia: Ministry of Economy and Finance, countries] Ministry of Post and Telecoms ·· Lao PDR: Ministry of Post and Telecoms, Ministry of Planning and Investment, Ministry of Science and Technology ·· Philippines: National Economic Development Agency, Department of Finance, Department of ICT South Africa: Accelerating the Digital Active Country 3 ·· South Africa ·· Department of Communications and Postal Economy Specific Services ·· Department of Basic Education ·· Department of Higher Education and Training ·· Department of Public Service and Administration ·· Department of Science and Technology ·· Central Bank of South Africa ·· Independent Communications Authority of South Africa ·· Center for Public Sector Innovation Digital Economy Rwanda: Accelerating the Digital Active Country 3 ·· Rwanda ·· Ministry of ICT and Innovation Economy Specific ·· Ministry of Education ·· Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning ·· Ministry of Trade and Industry ·· Rwanda Utilities Regulator ·· Rwanda Development Board ·· Rwanda Information Society ·· National ID Agency ·· National Bank of Rwanda Egypt: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 ·· Egypt Specific Iraq: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 ·· Iraq Specific Pakistan: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 ·· Pakistan ·· Prime Minister’s Office Specific ·· Pakistan Telecommunications Authority Nigeria: Developing the Digital Economy Active Country 3 ·· Nigeria Specific Angola: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 ·· Angola (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Angola (upcoming) Specific Côte d’Ivoire: Digital Economy Active Country 4 ·· Côte d’Ivoire ·· Different stakeholders in Ivory Coast (upcoming) Assessment Specific (upcoming) Lesotho: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 ·· Lesotho (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Lesotho (upcoming) Specific Uganda: Digital Economy Assessment Upcoming Country 4 ·· Uganda (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Uganda (upcoming) Specific 72 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche South Asia: Digital Economy Assessments Active Country 4 ·· Afghanistan ·· Different stakeholders in the mentioned South for eight countries in SAR Specific ·· Bangladesh Asian countries (all upcoming) ·· Bhutan ·· India ·· Maldives ·· Nepal ·· Pakistan Digital Economy ·· Sri Lanka (all upcoming) Central Asia/Ukraine: Technical Upcoming Country 4 ·· Ukraine (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Ukraine (upcoming) assistance to foster the update of Digital Specific Technologies Central Asia/Belarus: Technical assis- Upcoming Country 4 ·· Belarus (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Belarus (upcoming) tance to foster the update of Digital Specific Technologies Central Asia/Tajikistan: Technical Upcoming Country 4 ·· Tajikistan (upcoming) ·· Different stakeholders in Tajikistan (upcoming) assistance to foster the update of Digital Specific Technologies Cybersecurity Global Knowledge and Active Global 2 ·· Bangladesh ·· Different stakeholders in the relevant countries, in Engagement Knowledge ·· Indonesia charge of cybersecurity matters ·· Malaysia ·· Sri Lanka ·· Cambodia ·· Lao PDR ·· Myanmar ·· Philippines ·· India ·· Vietnam Africa: Cybersecurity Capacity Building Active Country 2 ·· Benin ·· The ICT Ministries of the mentioned countries in Africa Specific ·· Botswana ·· Burkina Faso ·· Burundi ·· Cabo Verde ·· Côte D’Ivoire ·· Djibouti ·· Ghana ·· Guinea ·· Guinea-Bissau Cybersecurity ·· Kenya ·· Lesotho ·· Liberia ·· Malawi ·· Mauritius ·· Namibia ·· Niger ·· Nigeria ·· Rwanda ·· Senegal ·· Sierra-Leone ·· Somalia ·· Tanzania ·· The Gambia ·· Togo ·· Uganda Asia: Cybersecurity in Asia Active Country 2 ·· Sri Lanka ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Finance and Commerce Specific ·· Pakistan ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Foreign Affairs ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Technology ·· Sr Lanka Ministry of Education ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Media ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Transportation ·· Sri Lanka Ministry of Health DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche Jordan: Analysis of PPP options for Active Country 2 ·· Kingdom of Jordan ·· Ministry of Finance Broadband and Digital Platforms Specific ·· Ministry of Entrepreneurship and Digital Economy Action Plan for Doubling Broadband Active Global 3 ·· African Union ·· African Union Commission Connectivity Knowledge Ethiopia: Telecom sector Reform Active Country 3 ·· Ethiopia ·· Ministry of Finance (MoF) Specific ·· Ministry of Innovation and Technology (MInT) ·· Public Enterprises Holding and Administration Agency (PEHAA) ·· Ethiopian Communications Authority (ECA) ·· Ethio Telecom East Africa (Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda): Active Country 3 ·· Kenya ·· Uganda Communications Commission Pre-Investment Support for East Africa Specific ·· Uganda ·· Uganda National IT Authority Single Digital Market ·· Rwanda ·· Uganda Ministry of ICT & NG ·· South Sudan (as ·· Uganda MOFA Northern Corridor Infrastructure observer) Projects Secretariat ·· Uganda MoICT ·· Kenya National Communications Secretariat ·· Kenya Ministry of ICT ·· Kenya Communications Authority ·· Kenya Northern Corridor Infrastructure Projects – Internet Access for All Kenya (EAC &D) ·· Kenya Ministry of EAC ·· Kenya Ministry of ICT & Postal Services ·· Kenya Ministry of ICT ·· Kenya NCIP ·· Kenya PASU/Executive Office of the President ·· KENTRADE ·· Rwanda Information Society Authority (RISA) ·· Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority Rwanda ECOWAS: Regulatory Watch Initiative Active Country 4 All 15 ECOWAS ·· The Telecom Regulatory Authorities in the Specific members : mentioned countries ·· Benin ·· Burkina Faso ·· Côte d’Ivoire ·· Chad ·· Ghana ·· Guinea ·· Guinea-Bissau ·· Liberia ·· Mali ·· Niger ·· Nigeria ·· Senegal ·· Sierra Leone ·· The Gambia ·· Togo Cambodia: Getting Ready for an Increased Active Country 2 ·· Cambodia ·· Ministry of Post and Telecommunications Digital Government Use of ICT Enablers in Government Specific ·· Ministry of Economy and Finance Services Vietnam Cloud: Computing Readiness Upcoming Country 3 ·· Vietnam Assessment Specific HELP Network Upcoming Country 4 ·· Tbd (upcoming) ·· Tbd (upcoming) Specific Peru: Spectrum Analytics - Connected Active Country 2 ·· Peru ·· Viceministry of Communications Roads Pilot Specific ·· Viceministry of Transport, and more specifically General Directorate of Regulation and Policies om Multimodal Transport 74 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche Tanzania: Autonomous Ariel Systems in Active Country 2 ·· Tanzania ·· Tanzania Mwanza Regional Commissioner’s Office Tanzania Specific ·· Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority (TCAA) ·· Tanzania Posts Corporation (Posta) ·· Tanzania Airports Authorities (TAA) ·· Tanzania Ministry of Defense and National Security (MODANS) ·· Tanzania Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication (MWTC) ·· Tanzania Medical Stores Department (MSD) ·· Tanzania President’s Office Regional Administration and Local Government Offices (PO-RALG) ·· Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH), Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) ·· Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) ·· Tanzania District Commissioner’s Offices of Ilemela, Nyamagana, Sengerema, and Ukerewe Southeast Asia: Data-driven Digital Skills Active Country 3 ·· Vietnam ·· Vietnam: Ministry of Education, Office of Mainstreaming Digital Technologies Development Strategies Specific ·· Cambodia Government, Ministry of Labour ·· Malaysia ·· Cambodia: Ministry of Economy and Finance, ·· Philippines Ministry of Post and Telecoms, Ministry of ·· Thailand Education (partially upcoming) ·· Malaysia: Ministry of Education, Malaysia Digital Economy Corporation ·· Philippines: Department of Labor and Employment, Commission on Higher Education, Ministry of Education ·· Thailand: Ministry of Digital Economy and Society (partially upcoming) Education: Developing the Skills Active Country 4 ·· Côte d’Ivoire ·· Tbd (upcoming) Components of 15 African DE4A Country Specific ·· DRC Interventions ·· Ethiopia ·· Ghana ·· Kenya ·· Mozambique ·· Rwanda ·· Senegal ·· Tanzania ·· Guinea ·· Burkina ·· Chad ·· Mali ·· Mauritania ·· Niger (all tentative and upcoming) Urban Development: Smart City Digital Upcoming Country 4 ·· Tbd (upcoming) ·· Tbd (upcoming) Capacities in Selected Pilot Countries Specific 75 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 CLOSED ACTIVITIES Donors Status Scope Year/ Client Countries Client Entities Window Tranche Niger: Assessing Migration using CRD Closed Country 3 ·· None ·· None data and Other Geo-spatial Technologies Specific Senegal: Digital Economy Closed Country 1 ·· Senegal ·· Ministry of Finances: decree on frequency and Specific attribution of 4G license ·· Ministry of digital economy: decree on frequency, implementation of the Universal Service Funds/ policy, preparation of a concession for the ADIE public fiber-optic network ·· ARTP: adoption and implementation of the dominant players regulation ·· ADIE: preparation of concession for ADIE Central Asia: Designing and Piloting Closed Country 2 ·· Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan: Digital Economy Digital Economy eXpress Assessments Specific ·· Uzbekistan ·· Prime Minister Office (DEXA) ·· Tajikistan ·· Ministry of Economy ·· Armenia ·· Ministry of Finance, State Committee of ICT, SE Infocom, State Intellectual Property Service, Agency of Vocational Education, Uzbekistan: ·· Prime Minister Office, ·· Ministry of Finance, ·· Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Development of Information ·· Technologies and Communications ·· System Development Center “E-Government” ·· National Agency for Project Management under the President Malawi: Telling its Digital Story Closed Country 1 ·· Malawi ·· Ministry of ICT Internet Access for All Specific Peru: Innovative Use of Spectrum Closed Country 1 ·· Peru ·· Viceministry of Communications Specific ·· OSIPTEL: Telecommunications Regulator in Peru ·· PRONATEL: the entity in charge of the Telecommunications Investment Fund Myanmar: Advanced Digital Solutions Closed Country 1 ·· Myanmar ·· Ministry of ICT Specific Kyrgyz Republic and Uzbekistan/Digital Closed Country 2 ·· Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan: CASA: Rapid Assistance to Support Digital Specific ·· Uzbekistan ·· Ministry of Economy Government Lending Projects ·· Ministry of Finance ·· State Committee of ICT ·· SE Infocom ·· National Institute for Strategic Studies ·· National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic Digital Government ·· Ministry of Justice ·· State Registration Service and others Uzbekistan: ·· Ministry of Development of Information Technologies and Communications ·· Ministry of Innovative Development ·· Agency of State Services under the Ministry of Justice ·· Center “E-Government” ·· National Agency for Project Management Vietnam: Digital Government Closed Country 2 ·· Vietnam ·· Ministry of ICT Implementation of Cloud-Based G2C Specific ·· Ministry of Finance Services ·· Ministry of Public Safety ·· Ministry of Science and Technology 76 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AI Artificial Intelligence AMs (World Bank - IMF) Annual Meetings CERT Computer Emergency Response Team DDP Digital Development Partnership DECA Digital Economy Country Assessment DEC (World Bank) Development Economics Research Group ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States FY Fiscal Year (FY18: July 2017-June 2018; FY19: July 2018–June 2019) GP (World Bank) Global Practice ICT Information and Communications Technology ICT4D Information and Communication Technologies for Development IFC (World Bank Group’s) International Finance Corporation IoT Internet of Things ISP Internet Service Provider MOOC Massive Open Online Course PPP Public-Private Partnership RCIP Regional Communications Infrastructure Program RWI Regulatory Watch Initiative SDG (UN) Sustainable Development Goals SME Small and Medium Sized Enterprise TA Technical Assistance TMT (IFC’s) Technology, Media and Telecommunications team WEF World Economic Forum WB World Bank WBG World Bank Group WDR World Development Report 77 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 HIGHLIGHTS FROM DDP PARTNERS Denmark Japan Digital technologies are enablers, drivers, and accelerators of Cyberspace is a place in which intellectual property, such as sustainable development and growth. The exponential spread technological innovations and new business models can be of digital technologies is already improving societies and created, and will continue to serve as a platform for sustainable people’s lives and holds the potential for us to accelerate the development of economic society. The security of cyberspace, implementation of the SDGs. Digitalization is a new cross-cut- which serves as the foundation of economic society, must be ting tool in Danish development cooperation and together ensured, and at the same time, its autonomously sustained with DDP we seek to contribute to bridging the digital divides evolution and development has to be ensured in order to and harness the digital dividends in developing countries. achieve sustainable progress and wealth to society. Japan will continue to actively contribute to DDP so as to promote cybersecurity capacity building for developing countries. Finland The ongoing digital revolution is fundamentally changing Korea the world we live in and will provide new opportunities to enhance development and the achievement of the SDGs. Digitalization possesses the potential to benefit people’s way DDP strengthens Finland’s long-term commitment to en- of life with digital technologies. On the other hand, rapid hance development of information societies and innovation development of technology also has risks of widening the capacities in partner countries. digital divide. The Digital Development Partnership has been helping to bridge such digital divide between countries. Korea, as a partner of DDP, will stand by the World Bank and GSMA keep working together to maximize benefits and reduce risks Digitalization is revolutionizing the way entire sectors of digitalization. operate and has the power to transform communities and people’s futures. In many markets, mobile networks are Microsoft Corporation the most widespread and reliable infrastructure to deliver digital services, so mobile is a key enabler in connecting The Digital Development Partnership teams Microsoft (and populations and driving economic growth. On behalf others) with the World Bank to help operationalize the 2016 of the mobile industry, the GSMA is proud to be part of WDR on Digital Dividends, by bringing public and private the DDP and believes that the framework it provides for sector partners together to catalyze support to developing public-private sector partnership has the potential to deliver countries and emerging economies with digital development substantial change for good. strategies and plans. Entirely consistent with the mission “To empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more”, Microsoft supports DDP efforts to Israel empower countries by ensuring an Enabling Environment for Digital technologies create enormous opportunities for Digital Development by advancing technology adoption and the developing world. The ability to leapfrog missing accelerating digital transformation, enabling them to achieve development phases to the capabilities of tomorrow brings digital dividends for all their constituents. the chance to close the development gap between countries and societies and recruit the best of what technology has to offer towards achieving the SDGs. Yet, wide use of such technologies also creates risks for a country’s cyber-resilience and data protection, thus hindering trust and minimizing the benefits of digital development. Israel is working intensively with its partners at the DDP, making sure the developing world is ready for the cyber age. 78 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 Norway United Kingdom We will not achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by Digital technologies have the potential to revolutionize 2030 without actively utilizing new digital tools. The world is the lives of the poor, unlock development and prosperity, in a digital revolution that fundamentally changes the way we and accelerate progress towards the UN Sustainable live, work and relate to each other. Countries that have been Development Goals. Currently, significant barriers stand in able to keep up with digital development have accelerated the way of realizing the full potential of digital develop- growth, expanded opportunities, and improved service ment, including the lack of access to the internet, exposing delivery. Throughout the breadth of our development policy, the most vulnerable and marginalized to the risk of being Norway wants to be a pioneering country to ensure that left behind. The UK will work to reduce these digital developing countries take part in the opportunities offered divides by enabling secure and inclusive access to the by innovation and digitalization. We also want to focus on growth and prosperity promised by digital development. marginalized groups and vulnerable individuals in society. Our partnership with DDP will support the delivery of our With digital tools and our collaboration through the World digital development and cybersecurity strategies. Bank’s Digital Development Partnership we help more people to be reached, so no one will be left behind. The Netherlands Digital technologies play a vital role in development and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Digital technologies create economic opportunities and foster inclusivity by ensuring access to information in remote areas. In order to achieve sustainable growth and development, cyber- security is an important precondition. As such The Netherlands promotes cyber capacity-building efforts and underlines the importance of a rules-based cyberspace. The Netherlands is a committed partner of the DDP and supports the creation of a free, open, and safe cyberspace for everyone worldwide. 79 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 80