E531 V. 2 Inner Mongolia Highway Project, People's Republic of China SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND ACTION PLAN Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Communications Hohhot, China January, 2002 FILE C OPY Inner Mongolia Highway Project, People's Republic of Clhina SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND ACTION PLAN Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Communications Hohhot. China January, 2002 PREFACE Inner Mongolia Highway Project Contains two parts: Laoyemiao-Jinmg Highway, the Highway Network Improvement Project (HNIP) in the poverty areas. Laoyemiao-lining Highway covers a whole length of 91.28km. The total cost amounts to 1.779 billion RMB ywan. The HNIP project contains 5 sections lasting a total length of 340.4 kn, with an investment of 505million RMB yuan. The geological locations of all the above projects are shown in Figure 2-la and Figure 2-lb. ABBREVIATIONS: IMCD: Inner Mongolia Communications Departnent IMEAB: Inner Mongolia Expressway Administrative Bureau IMEPB: Inner Mongolia Environmental Protection Bureau IMITDI: Inner Mongolia Transport and Traffic Design Institute IMICRA: Inner Mongolia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology IMHB: Inner Mongolia Highway Bureau WLCS: Wulancabu League Environmental Monitoring Station EIA: environmental impact assessment EMP: environmental monitoring plan EP: environmental protection TOR: Terms of Reference for Laoyemiao-Jining Highway EPO: environmental protection office SEPA: State Environmental Protection Agency MOC: Ministry of Communications EMS: environmental Monitoring Station WB: The World Bank POM: Project Management Office of Inner Mongolia Highway Project Financial by the World Bank CONTENTS A. BACKGROUND. .1 B. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .--.. ----------.-------.---.....3 C. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION .15 D.POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MIGIGATION MEASURES. .*- 23 E. ALTERNATIVES ..................................... 35 F. INVESTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTION-.-------------------------42 G. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING .42 a. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING .42 b. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS. .43 c. ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING ......................................-.-.-.-.-.. 45 H. PUBLIC CONSULATION .-------------------..-----..----......45 I. CONCLUSION .......................................... 49 Annex 1-1. Environmentally Sensitive Issues and Mitigation Measures for L-J Highway ................................ 54 Annex 2 Environment Standards in EIA .62 Annex 3 Schemes Against Soil Erosion of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway .64 Annex 4 Estimated Cost on Environmental Protection . 68 Annex 5 Environmental Monitoring Plan .-..--.. -.... -70 A. BACKGROUND 1. The Inner Mongolia Highway Project contains the following two parts: (1) Laoyemiao-Jining highway is main route (see Fig2-la(l), for more detail see Fig2-la(2)); (2) The llighway Network Improvement Program in the poverty area of Inner Mongolia Higliway Project (HNIP): of 5 roads(See Fig2-i b). The EIS of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway was compiled by Xi'an Highway University. In January 1999, the unit compiled the TOR of EIA for the project. In June 1999, the SEPA gave a reply on the review of the TOR. In December 1999, and it worked out the first edition of the EIS. In June 2000, the Environmental Protection Office of the MOC held a preview meeting on the EIS in Beijing. Based on the new edition of the "Project Feasibility Study Report of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway" of February 2001, a new EIS was completed in September, 2001. (edition for review & approval ). In October 2001, the second edition was finished (revision). In January 2002, this edition (third) was finished according to the World Bank comments (Dec. 5, 2001). The EIA work for the HNIP Road, is held by Inner Mongolia Environimental Science Institute. Theyvve drawn out the EIA report in August 2001, and second edition in October. 2001(Revision). 2.The process of environmental review involve from various institutions in Inner Mongolia Region, including IMEPB, Ulanqab League El Monitoring Station, Meteorology Division of Inner Mongolia. The affected groups and NGOs along the highway, and the people subject to resettlement and land acquisition in particular, have been consulted. 3.The policy and administrative requirements for environmental assessment of development projects in China were followed during preparation and evaluation of EIA, as well as the World Banks OP/BP/GP4.01 on the Environmental Assessment (In Annex 2). The major regulations to follow are as follows: Law of Environmental Protection, People's Republic of China (PRC) December, 1989; Law of Atmospheric Pollution Control, PRC; Law of Water Pollution Control, PRC Regulations for Noise Pollution Control, PRC Law of Soil Conservation, PRC Management Guidelines on Environmental Protection of Construction project, issued by the State Council, No.253 (98); Measures for Environmental Protection Management of Highway Construction Projects, issued by Ministry of Communications (MOC) No 17,(90); Technical Specifications for Soil Conservation Plan in Development Construction Projects, issued by Water Conservancy Ministry, May, 1998, (SL204-98); Regulations for EIA for Highway Construction Projects, issued by MOC, January, 1996, (JTJO05-96); Technical Guidelines for EIA, issued by the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), (HJ/T2.1-2. 3-93); (HJIT2. 4-95 Acoustic Environment); (HJ/T19-1997 Non-Pollution Ecology Impacts); The World Bank Operational Manual: OP/BPIGP4.01: Environmental Assessment. 4. The Scope and Criteria for EIA are presented as below: (I) Assessment Scope The assessment of social environment covers within 200 m on either side of the proposed highway, with certain extension in sensitive areas. The ecological environment covers within 300 m on either side, the surface water environment within 1000 m downstream of bridge. And ambient noise and air are within 200m on either side. (2) The following standards are applied as the criteria for the EIA: * For environmental impact assessment of acoustics, Environmental Noise Standards in Urban Areas GB3096-93 is adopted. For schools and hospitals on the main road, Class-one is adopted; for villages and residential areas Class-four. * For the EIA of ambient air, class-two standards in GB 3095-1996 are adopted. For emission of air pollutants, Class-two Standards in GB116290-1996 are adopted; * For water environment, Class-three standards are adopted in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water GHZB 1-1999. * For emission of domestic sewage, Class-three Sewage Emission Standards GB8978-1996 are adopted. 5. Class of Assessment (I)Laoyemiao-Jining Highway: The total length of the alignment is 91.28 km. Considering the project features and the pertinent environmental condition, the class of assessment has been identified as Category A. Therefore, the project need to made EIA and EAP. (2) HNIP Roads: All projects are no new road construction and no land acquisition under this program, along the proposed alignment, no natural and cultural protected sites are observed. While several environmentally sensitive sites such as school and hospitals are located along the alignments, environimental impacts at those sites temporaiv during the construction period. And . their environmental conditions (noise, dust. etc.) are expected to be improved after the completion of this program, Therefore, all five projects under this program are classes as Categorv 1. which needs Initial Environment Examination (lEE) and EAP. 6. Based on the project features and construction cycle and prediction of traffic volume, the EIA prediction phases are determined as follows: (I) For Laoyemiao-Jining Highway Highway construction phase (2002-2004) Initial Stage of operation (2005) Short-tern of operation phase (2005-2010) Mid-terrn of operation (2015) Long-term of operation (2025) (2) For HNIP roads All of the 5 components are schieduled to be commenced in 2002, and completed and put into operation before 2004, i.e. a construction period of 2-3 years 2 B. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 1. Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 7. The proposed Laoyemiao to Jining Highway is a completely new alignment. It lies in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia being one section connecting Hohhot and Jining as major cities in Inner Mongolia. It passes through Xinghe County and the City of Jinning. For the geographical location of the alignment, refer to Fig.2-1 a . Fig. 2-1 b The starting point of the recommended option is at Laoyemiao on the border between Inner Mongolia and Hebei Province. It heads from east for west to the destination ( Sanhaonandi of Jining ). The total length of Laoyemiao to Jining Highway is 91.28 km. The width of subgrade is 26 m. The construction period is three years (2002-2004). It lies in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia being one section connecting Hohhot and Jining as major cities in Inner Mongolia It passes through Xinghe County and the City of Jining. For its geographical location, see Figure 2-1 The following structures will be built on the Laoyemiao-Jining Highway: 8 large bridges of total length of 1387.02 m, 30 medium or small bridges of 1049.38 m long, 9 grade separations, 2 interchanges, 78 passageways and 145 culverts. Besides, service stations and 2 toll gates will be set up; 7491 mu of land will be acquired. rable B-I (a) is the summary of the Laoyemniao-Jininig Highway TableB-1(a) Summary of La yemiao-Jining Highway isting Road New Construction Standard Total Length Subgrade Surface Subgrade Surface Traffic Type of Type of Cost (kmi) Grade Width width Grade Width width Volume Surface Surface (in (n)(i) n) 5979 1.779 Express 91 II (2000 12.5 9.0 Asphalt 26 24 Asphalt billion way year) (RMB) The proposed project is proposed to start in 2002, completed in 2004 and put into operation in 2005 The estimated total cost of the proposed highway is 1.7793749 billion yuan RMB. 100 million U.S. dollars ( 828.00 million yuan in terms of RMB) are proposed to borrow from the World Bank; 728 million yuan RMB will be appropriated from the MOC; 233.73 million yuan RMB will be raised by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 3 Figure2la of the P Geographical Location of the Proposed Highway / <,*a /7 ,,,., ' t,], M'' H longj iang Laoyemiao-Jining Secti3on |Jining-Hohhot Section IA tAi.. j0, i . X q1 *|w I 4 f ie eijing 11§ if gx I I a s r D nxi i \*,a, ' *t _p /_, ' s ; /'---5 '\ 5 | Existing Highway (GilO) | - H e P |<; I S V t i ! /t ^ \1 . % ~~Hebei Province \ f ,, ' Bavrintala-. < - A s , >.-T&ga,e 0 '}''\'",| - . t4.-1'_ - .] - - J JBawang Rixr ,, HHiangqi Like ', F ;Lao\eh1iao __t. ... N / ^ X_ _ '. .,l' C 4---~~ ,-- _ Gcaiiozu1auL 1-17 a Rnwt ;f , iLt _ To Beijing 1;< LaoYemiao-Jining Highway v . = ; i X tX L > ' z 4/'; ' t - ' 4 / ' ;8. ,% 1 1 % J < + t \~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-'44.. -. ffi * ff ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~K > 4': ..|-- 't H ! %1 ~~~~~~~~~!S_ ._ __ _ ___ [ ~ Fig. 2-la Geographical Lacation of the Laoyemiao-Jining Highway * -4- l o j I i X #S = J^1 1^ig l-',Zc oc'-It, i on (itJn d )po)1] fl.t i (.ri ofl seys i Fi ve v i I httges , -. _- The ToudaonaobaHope Rcvoo '- t O*-k'S f C=a/ The Existing Rd. Hope 300 students and 24 teachers at present Dianzi =C A\ small resdential s mal\reidniI J4; bl! t ; < area with 141 people Rii 8___8 ~~~ r-:- of 36 liouselloldso-O//| O, f9 Otl,f.D ,=, L*Dyemiao t~ >}4;}- eS ;The Proposed Highway - Gaomiaozi Village - , -tOt:rfD - -- f --JartRzlJ wE j~ - J I A residential area , Wt!z, °'= °- li- J ,zl w with 800 people of 2 0 t - 4 i t,)9 ° ' ' 1 19 il r f s , r2 5 0 h o u s e h o l d s. v s stg f t ^ ;>.>t r <* !tCI O S ' Thet4 Ba an Rive Z!F P. i' / ' t,'t ;1 r ; ,4/ S 8qoD, 0 | R t. 1e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ X ^,.~~~~~~~A Thno Er^,r, Id;cuar!Cs aitl tlr; s>,ipt.,/l.x,7 ^.5it / t/ VVUtstU Ille J . r x, X 440 putple l 1 1 tO JtF .s '1 Lar to toeetldt * 1 Yi~wutang r:household; arming . / I * .¢ ,$, 4 _ijhiinJ o <> * 5 -. ~100 household |I; U... is thei -eonmy __;\ t' ; Q (1Xm tT nwo ; in Yiwutang 17,*\k ali ilg3. v;0 ok" , - tW --t t,Q-.it iW e 160 peop:le of .-gs - O,"t f, E5i.u k ts ;Ut t otit 37 households ... o;7-9 t i H O' t?.tJt tt:h. oX AL. v v ~~~~The TILAii gq i Li ko T11 C,/G 'e-s t 7^, _. _,~~~~~~~~~~1 ... ..... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, ,s 4. t f _ _ \',' : X .rW F ig2-b( 1) GEOGRAPHICAL POS ITION o a f ia.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 *.- c,-/ *r, 'M , ,.' t tfl . 4 2 J33A . , < \ s . aPP¢+ , ,,¢* 4 5 42~~~W. I . ,N >.z wt: X, \'At ___a '-* tw\ i^/''~^Z4\ at., 'LOlL'it r 1 l 4A~~~~~~~~3 } z ' | ' . .fi " ' N 'Xd J' & \ v~~~~~~~~~.n 0 'i' t- - - tt' t 2560 -- ' *4 {_ FU , * > l l ? 1 . A:,/. n,4W , ,, *~ ~ "wr~ ' rt I ii'i '1h~~~~~~~~j;'4 - ~~~~~~~~~~41I Fg2-(2 Huad to Any Hi ghw S t s ;, 1st t o e w b w ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~s r L 7* - F , b S ; I tr>-, I w W\ ; f 111 | ( . .san X,lj t n is~~~~~~I Hs,,|,^E W .>1 _ &w § isfl I s#>>l } I 'I."U''4f I- ot ' ,_. n s ,^*e jl: B b . ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | \ 6 9 12 15 18KDt~~Km, 6 1 i 1 K Fig2-b(2) Huade to Anye Highway 146o t-Starting point Zhuozishanll. 1 3 f V, A T r ik ianO 1!jr .-f :1 11g qL -h f t *44 '"W* 14 'W1 206 23r)5 3(5 erminal liangcheng "A V #4 i226 7 + -v 'zi Km 6 9 12 15 i 8 Km Fig2-b(3) Zhuozishan to Liangeheng Highway t-T on, jj7wq m00 tof g-, 0 716 1! X Wm WA ro *s! %0 gr o mim-GA A 14&101 YA i-c di -7 A' tf JIMINJO. -1424 4IYvAl lwli4m E' AkINIE lm w N* Lmfq, OD JN TO O'ilw AL It N. if 'jilla - 0 I I i "/ "'A I Ferminal Bai N.; " =40#q 14 R " I- (.11 " I r I I (. l- i --- EN &* H A -119 Bok:* .k_" ( I - lk§IIR .1 , -J - - Mr." C, 0 0 FA squ it LZ .110914 PROM I >14 LuW04-14* -7 SWl MLU N ION21 2% *aq ti Alr 4 rfi rA Al 403. ift Ill"m me All OW" n kU ol MiA E Ks" ike EBIAT 1% rf T WE C. "lq a ::Ismmr-_ Tr 2; Xb- I r g I I I I :: *4vol Olga C a Ts IMB Iasi 2% 0 .2111157 1114 A" of *A WM w In, C. qL i 542 jKn Fig2-b(4) Kebuer to Baiyinchagan Highway Of.c, #O RA PA W',, "or *FAD, "O 044V 0 ",,;;  ol 'A Jr 4Wft 4W-4. qpjqj, W W411 P Aw,,,w 4ir FW,, F-Aw la* - , -AImvmft v . di -ANIP IW-W Ve o" 4r, 4b -WAFu iwo V w4s, AVJW W.WAW qwW lbrIk -_ W;MP 9.4r Inw. 64 f. , I \.", JFA OF, T, __ 1-1., 1 ep4wp WAV IV41 ARMOPOP _Wd5p qr W* qp* W 41 -W4ft As A§Llk* Op p a,, 4t *4r, 4-W Qv4pW 04mftsv Mi t. JW Alp AD A..ft 4W Aw* jv 41 Yt-0 A 4pft v N6, .040-11 A, IX I., 4W. 4P., JW4& tr 40W Or4p ft, AiW 4IV4W OAV "i ghway AWA& -Vvjw 20 40* Av*$v 6 9 1 Cev__ IgKm Ill so Fig2-b(5) Bailinmiao to Xilamuren Highway 112 45 ' 11200 1*13 , II$ 30 tQj..~~~~~~ -~~~ --~~~~~ - r ~~~00 24;X_^wEv-\,, ,,\ / /'- WZ M aw 6" s ti tS % ^ r PT 4- - *m §~ ~ ,- s a - -' ^^"0; *f1 7 - {-~~~~~~*a t r - me-;^ 1 & EW re seem ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~s * ^4 pftfl } Z -- L4* lgS ",siB- tia x m -~N I F2( Tumuera - -d H / tam ~ ~ ~ ~ K - I 'as'~am W" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ sNa!W- bi 1""Aft*1S41net - - - - -~~~~~~ flmn*Op* Fig2-b(6) Tumuertai~~~e toSarguHiha Table B- J1(b) Summary of Road Upgrading Components Existing Road Uprading, Standard Length Subgrade Sturface Subgrade SurfEICe Total Cost Construction NO Name Traffic Volume Tvpe ot ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Type of 4 (km) Grade Width width Type Grade Widtlh width Surfiace (10 4RMB) Period Suirface Suirface _ 2001 2010 2020 (m) (ni) (in) (m) Ihuade to Anye 3541 2002 I flizade to Anyo 85 I1] 1815 2523 . 8.5 8 Asphalt 11 12 11.4 Asphalt 2((00 0002 Ilighway __ _2015) _ 2004 Zhuozishan to 2002- 2 Liangcheng 48 IV 738 1808 2964 8.5 8 arenaceous III 8.5 8 Asphalt 7000 0200 I Highway KebuLer to 2002- 3 Baiyinchagan 70 III 749 1509 2243 8.5 8 arenaccous III 8.5 8 Asphalt 8000 204 Highway Bailinginiao to 666 2002- 4 Xilamuren 82 11 (2000) 2235 1190 8.5 7 arenaceous III 8.5 7 Asphailt 10000 2004 Ilihgway __ Tumtuertai to 2002- 5 Shtiangdu 55.4 III 887 1861 3046 8.5 8 arenaceous III 8.5 8 Asphalt 5500 2004 Ilighway I I I Total _ 340.4 __ __ 50500 Remarks: Class 11: Speed 80-40kmAh. average daily traffic: 2000-5000, width of roadbed: 12-8.5m, width of road surface: 9-7 m. Class .11: Speed 60-30km/h, average daily traffic: less than 2000, width of roadbed: 8.5-7.5m, widtlh of road surface: 7-6 m. Class IV: Speed 40-20km/h. average daily traffic: less than 200. width of roadbed: 4.5-6.5m, width of road surface: 3-5 m. 14 C. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION I. Environment Survey of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 9 Terrain The projected alignment is situated on the Chahaer lava bench land on the south edge of Inner Mongolian Plateau. It is obvious that the exposure of basalt is resulted from north-east and east-west faulty belt. The alignment takes right angle to the belt. Basalt is underlain by purplish red lam and gravel layers. There are many small structural basins between the bench lands with some being lakes. Topographically, the section between Laoyemiao to Yushuwang is of loess hilly area underlain by stone bind and conglomerate with severe wind erosion. Section between Yushuwang to Taigou is typical lava bench land. 10. Seismic activity The seismic intensity along the project areas is between VI and VI degree. I1. Climate The project area belongs to temperate continental monsoon climate zone with plentiful sunshine. It is dry and windy. It rains seldom. The mean annual precipitation is 365-404 mm. The rainfall is focused mainly in July through September. The average evaporation is above 1400 mm. Sandstorms occur frequently in April. The annual windy days are averaged to be 30 days. The average wind speed is 3.4-3.6 m/s. N-W wind prevails here. There are great temperature differences in various seasons with an average annual temperature being between 3.6-4.8°C. The lowest temperature is -33.8°C and the highest temperature being 35.7 C. The deepest snow deposit is 30 cm. The thickest frozen depth is about 1.9 m. 12. River Regime The rivers the alignment crosses are all seasonal with no water in dry seasons, but floods occur very often in rainy seasons. The major rivers in the study area are the Bawang River, the Toutao River, the Niuming River and the Yinzi River. Both Baowang River and Toudao River flow into the Huangqi lake; the Ymnzi river flows into the Yongding River. Baowang River: Rising from Yin mountainous ranges, the river goes east till Hongqi lake. It is used mainly for irrgation. Yinzi River:: It rises from the south of Xinghe County. Its mean annual runoff is 13.64 million m3 . It belongs to Yongding river regime. It is used for irrigation. Huangqi Lake: It is located in Chahaheyouyiqian Banner, 10 km from the planned alignment. The water area is 8,733 ha. No natural fish occur due to bad water quality. It is used mainly for tourism. 13. Ecosystem According to the ecological divisions of Ulanqab League, the area south of Daqing Mountains falls into table-land ecological unit of farming, husbandry and forests. The area is of rolling hills with many gullies, hills, basins and plains. The major crops are wheat, potato, beans, millet and flax etc. The ecological conditions are weak in the study area. 15 14. Soil The soil groups are mainly calcium soil and gray grassy marshland. There are some other groups of soil: sandy soil, moisture soil, marshland soil, saline soil, alkaline soil and desert soil. 15. Farming Farming is the main industry of agriculture including wheat, potato, millet, corn and Chinese sorghum etc. The wheat average yield per mu is 130 kg, and that of potato is 300 kg. Cash crops are oil plants, sugar beet, vegetables, tobacco, Chinese medicine herbs and hops and so on. The multiple cropping index is very low because of the severe natural conditions. In general, only one crop is obtained in one year. 16. Flora Figure 34 (page 18 of EIS) is the flora distribution along the alignment. It can be seen that the vegetation in proposed project area mainly belongs to dry farmland and grassland vegetation. Wild plants occur mainly in the typical pasture areas among hills. There are 15- 20 species of plants per square meter. They are needle grasses, prairie sagewort, korshinskpeashrub, etc. On the western bank of the rivers patchily distributed are splendid achnatherum, sedge, razor grass, and Chinese small iris and other species that are salinity and alkali resistant. Among hills and on wastelands wormwood, sand fleabane, and green bristle grass occur there. According to the description of wild fauna and flora along the area of Jining-Laoyemiao highway, which was made by the Ulanqab League Forestry Bureau, no wild vegetation is listed in category of protection. Therefore, there lives no important plants along the alignment. 17. Fauna In Ulanqab League, there used to be Mongolian gazelle, deer, wolves, foxes, hares, eagles, owls and chukars, etc. However, owing to the damage of ecological environment, the number and species of these wild animals are being reduced sharply. Nowadays, the route areas are mainly farming areas and densely populated area for living and production (see Figure 3-5 of EIS). Based on the survey report by the Ulanqab League Forestry Bureau, there are a few hares and sand grouses along the alignment area, which belong to non-protected animals of state, region and county. In addition, the protected areas for wild fauna and flora of Inner Mongolia are outside of Ulanqab League ( see Figure 3-6). 18. Soil Erosion The soil erosion module, along the road area, is between 500 -2000 t/km2 - a, belonging to light erosion. Wind erosion is attributed to strong wind, too much sand in soil, dry top soil and sparse vegetation. 19. Natural Protected Areas Both existing and planning natural protected areas in Inner Mongolia are shown in Figure3-6. From Figure 3-6, the Laoyemiao-Jining Highway is far away from those protected areas. Therefore, the construction of the project does not affect these natural protected areas. 16 6Fizgure. 3-6 Tfie 6EKisting and(Pfannfing rAraturafXProtectedU reas in Inner 5A0ongofia * Existiiig Pr .tertH,l ArHds - Plariri1iii-. Pro!tt,. tict ed - i W * iAr@ | .1l111!!1 1 11 l11 111 I 1r,1 I I | 1 1r. I 1,.I 1, I I , t r i, I II I II I j I I I !1. .ll l~~~I,! 11 *-11 1. -r ., ........ ... . 1...\ I I ' ! I. , ,, 1 ,,- I11 ,- I I5 i!.l,,, I II , I ,. I.|, - II ; ' II I I t : .tf1, wetland ecological system 4. kll Rive r natural reserve IV. Daqingguo rare broad-leaved forest f. Dalalnue' er natura l r V. Baiyiti'aobao red-barked spruce forest 5. Dalainuo er lake natural VI .Xilin Gol Grassland 6. A 1i l I natural reserve VII.Noudeng sacsaoul forest 7. Son id Left A :.r. r Ahu nat'' I , I Vlll.Elelan Mountain water-conserving forest 8. Wu iang Sean b g l naturrl! r r of~- J *" '' '' / @/ *; t_ \ ( PIA in N (in)] in it Ratio: 1:11200000 IL. 'The fExsting andYPnning faturat(Protectedjlreas in InnerWEongoGia 0 Existing Protected Areas * Planning Protected Areas - 01$ DUO I. Herna wil rd animals and % Lrgin foies t Ii L i n1 i. f. Ii- r ll. Nuomian virgin forest ecolo1gi u r j i r t h ii fr I HlI. Hulun lake rare birds & 1 m In ih i n lt j wetland ecological system i j I Lii i nUt f , -' IV. DaqingFuni rare broad--leaved Forest ~ ~ i i *~, V Baiyin anbao red-barked spruice fnrest ; I r, .I. t- . : r V I .X i Ii r GolI Grass Iandi&| il,1 ,ln lr : - r_ - %lI.Noudeng sacsaonl forest . . Ii ! I r i nun H r * r- -J ._ %IVI.I1elan Mountain wdaer-ronsertting forest . hXi I IL d I 1 n 'ii i II t P - s. - ® ,,k . 1 - @ z ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~J ' , I' *8 g - - 7 ; * 4ftPDnt.J,.S Tnt roduc. _t 1 ^.f.:, _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Huade to Ante Higbwaa r °r ,^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~*/huvoz khan to I iangc heng H ighvav ^ _ S Jf *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Kebuer to Bai(uichagara tIighv.as t * ^_ s *li~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Sehuer r1., \ilnuturen i1ighwns _ _ _||W SS T~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*uinuertai to Shangdu HighRav Rato:1:12000 20. Socio-economics in Study Areas The directly impacted areas of the proposed highway are: Xinghe County, Jining City, Chaharyouyiqian. Jining, the capital of Ulanqab league, is the center of politics, economy and culture of the league. It serves as a door of the economic development of Inner Mongolia and a traffic hub to the northwest as well. The economic situation in 1998 of Jining City, Xinghe County, Chahaeryouqian Banner is in Table C-1. Table C-i Economic Situation in Impacted Areas Pass Area Populat Gross output Gross national Gross output of Grain Land through (kin) ion of industry product (100 industry and yield area (10000) and million yuan) agriculture per (10000 used agriculture capita (yuan/ tons) (10000 (lOOOOyuan) capita) ha) Xinghe 3518 29.98 3.34 2.18 780 13.16 28.4 Chaguqian 2821 27.76 4.32 2.77 1556 13.15 Jining 125 21.37 4.92 4.92 2302 0. 21 11 21. Existing Traffic Transportation (1). Highway The projected alignment is the most important trunk route in the middle-western Inner Mongolia from west to east. It intersects the planned Erlianhot-Hekou National Trunk Highway at Jining forming cross-type highway framework. In addition, it connects other provincial and country roads like S304 and S305. All these roads plus the country roads together have formed a smooth transport network. (2). Rail The existing railways here are: Beijing-Baotou rail, Jining -Erlian rail and Jining-Tongliao rail. Besides, there are four branch lines and private lines. Table C-2 Existing Traffic Transportation End of 2000 Highway Highways (Vehicles/day) Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 5979 Erlinhot-Hekou Highway 3600 S305 (provincial Road) 1800 S304 (provincial Road) 1770 22. Highway Safety There are some elements that cause traffic accidents such as higher driving speeds, snow on road pavement in winter, large longitudinal slope and smaller radius of horizontal curve. For exanple, in the section (K294-K294+300) of the existing national highway of 110, although there are 35004200 vehicles per day and average driving speed is 60 km/h, 21 traffic accidents (die: 12 persons; injure: 15 persons) happened between Jan. 2000 and Sept. 2001. Some measures for highway safety will be taken to decrease occurrence of traffic accidents (See Para XX). The aim of controlling road accidents is listed in Table C-3 18 C-3. Planning Aim for highway safety Aim Controlling Index End of 2001 2004 2006 2010 Implement more occurrence of traffic 0.53 0.69 0.41 0.49 eficeny and accidents of existing efficiency and highway of 110 (time/km) 0.38 0.49 0.29 0.35 inrsaftyucturanpr Laoyemiao-Xinhe, infrastructure Xinhe-Jining 23. Ethnic Minority The study area is inhabited by many nationalities including Han, Mongolians, Hui, Man, Koreans, Dawo, Zhuang, Tibetans and Tujia. The Han nationality along the highway accounts for 94.1-97.8%, the Mongolians for 1.9-3.4, and other nationality is less than 3.0%. 24. Cultural Relics According to the survey report on cultural relics along the proposed alignment areas, which was conducted by the Inner Mongolia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, there are no important cultural relics and cemeteries along the Laoyemiao-Jining Highway construction area. 25. Acoustics Eight villages were chosen to measure existing noise levels. and measured results of sound environmental quality along the planned route are as follows: (I) In the rural areas, the noise levels in the daytime Leq=42.4 to 56.0 dB, Leq=34.4 to 49.5dB at night, which meets Class-four standard in GB3096-93 (Environmental Noise Standards in Urban Areas) (2) At sensitive spot of school (Dagong elementary school) Leq=45.5dB in the daytime, Leq=37.7 at night, which meets Class-one standard in GB3095-93. (3) The noise level on both sides of existing highway can meets Class-four standard in the daytime and also meets Class-four standard at 50 meters from the road at night It can be concluded that the sound environmental quality along the proposed route is fairly good. The residents and villagers enjoy a quiet environment. 26. Ambient Air Two monitoring spots are identified along the alignment to monitor concentrations CO, NOx and TSP in air. The results show that the concentrations of pollutants are all below Class-two Standards in GB3095-1996. So it has great acceptance capacity. The local air quality is fairly good. 27. Water The Bawang River is recommended as water resource to be protected by IUCN. The Bawang River, The Tudao River and the Niuming River flow into the Huangqi Lake, which is about 10 km away from the alignment (See Fig.3-1 of EIS). This lake is regarded as an important source of water for surrounding areas. The Bawang river and the Yinzi River are chosen as the monitoring water bodies. Monitoring results show that the existing water quality of the Yinzi River meets Class-one 19 standard in GHZBI-1999, and the water quality of the Bawang River can reach Class-three standard of national standard for surface water quality(GHZB1-1999). Therefore, the existing water quality along the route is fairly good, meeting the water quality standards of Class-three claimed by Inner Mongolia Environmental Protection Bureau. 11. Environmnenial Survey fi)- HNIP Roads 28. Terrain The geomorphic landforn of Ulanqab League present in varieties of types, mainly mountainous areas, hilly areas and plains, mostly distributing in belt shapes stretchinig from east to west or from northeast to southwest, reflecting the tectonic sliapes and signs and presenting the overall framework of the geomorphic structure. 29. Climate Being in the middle temperate zone, Ullanqab League is under the influence of continental monsoon climate. Its yearly rainfall is genierally between 150mm and 400mm. mostly concentrated in July and August, the rainfall of these two moniths accounting for 51 -58% of all the year's rainfall. The yearly average temperature is 0"C-7'C. Due to the area location in the west wind belt of the middle latitude, all the year round the winds are mostly from NW. The yearly average wind speed is between 2.2-5m..Js. Winds in the north part are strong, gradually weaker from N to S. The all year air humidity is between 45-60%. 30. Water Regime There are no surface water along the highway, only a few canals rushed by flood, no water in them. 31. Ecology There are varieties of soil types along the highways, the project areas are mainly distributed with five soil types of chestnut soil, marshy-grassland soil, windblown- sand soil, badius soil and saline-alkali soil. The organic matters in soil are rathier low. which is disadvantageous to the growth of plants. Farmiand is mainly distributed oni both sides of the highways. The crops are vegetable, wheat, nake oat. potatoes. grain and oil plants. The project areas along the route are in poor natural conditions with a bad ecological environment such as strong winds, little precipitation, serious wind erosion, land desertification and drought. There are no natural preservation areas of state and province level and important species habitats within 5Okm along the route, which was investigated in the field by Inner Mongolia Environmental Sciences Institute in September and October 2001. There is no protected fauna and flora. And there are no important habitats of wild animals. By crosschecking internationally recognized documents: "A Biodiversity Review of China" by WWF, and "A Directory of Asian Wetlands" by IUCN, and investigating in the field. no important natiral habitats are involved in this highway network improvement project. 20 32. Natural Disasters T he main nature disasters are drought, sand blow-n by wind, flood and hail, frost, and insects, etc.. of which, drough1t and sand blown by wind occur frequently, and are harmful heavily. The frequency of drought is twice every three years in autumn, once every three years in summer. once every two years in sprino 33. Social Environiment Inner Mongolia Autonoinous Region was set up in 1947. which was authorized to be a minority nationality autollolmlous region due to Mongolia being the majority in local population. The project areas are located in Ulanqab LeagLue in central part of Inner Mongolia. The Highway Net Improvement Project involves 8 banners and counties, which are 1lluada County, Bai Banner, Zliuozishan County. Liangcheng County, Chahaer Right Wing Zhong Banner. Chahaer Right Wing liou Banner, Damao Banner and Shangdu County. (1). Huade County: Thlere are six nationalities in Huade County. The population is 160,000. with a populationi density of 64 per-sons/km2. Huade County is poverty and undeveloped areas.The local economy of Huade County is mainly drought farming, gross national product of 2000 is 0.325 billion Yuan, average personal GNP is 2226 Yuan. Industries are accoutrements, food, leather, coat, constructioni materials, mechanical products, feed, etc. the gross industry output value was 823.1millon Yuan by 2000. (2). Bai banner: Bai Baniner is a minority nationalities area, The population is 70.000. with a populationi density of 11.2 persons/km2. Animal breeding is economic basic. The gross of the domestic animal reached 548600 in 2000, commercial rate 79%. Gross agriculture output value was 0.155 billion Yuan, of which the value of animal breeding. 75%. (3). Zhuozishan county: There are eight nationalities in Zhouzishan County, a minority nationalities area. The population is 227,000, with a population density of 76 persons/km2. Zhuozishan CoLnty is drought farming areas. The local economy is mainly drought farming. gross national product of Zhuozishan County in 1999 is 0.63 billion Yuan , GDP of per capita 2222 Yuan. Farning and livestock raising: chiefly hulless oat, potatoes, benne, one importanit productive area of Inner Mongolia, main farming products: com, potato. wvheat, hulless oat, bake tobacco, beans. etc., as to livestock raising, chiefly sheep, chickeen for fowl raising. In Zhouzishan County, such as accoutermenits, food, leather. coat, construction materials, feed, etc. about 20 categories of leather and coat products, which exporting to Japan, Gennan, France. Russia and Hong Kong. (4). Liangcheng county: There are 15 nationalities in Liangcheng County. a minority 2 nationalities area, The population is 229,000, with a population density of 66 persons/kmi. Liangcheng County is drought farming areas. The local economy is mainly drought fanning, gross national product of Liangchena County in 1999 is 0.58 billion Yuan, GDP of per capita 245 Yuan. Farming and livestock raising: chiefly hulless oat, potatoes. benne, one important productive area of Inner Mongolia, main farming products: corn, potato, wheat, hulless oat, bake tobacco, beans, etc., as to livestock raising, chiefly sheep, ciiicken for fowl raising.The basic of industry of Liangcheng is very weak. no famous products and important enterprises. Chiefly such as 21 accouterments, food, coat, construction materials, feed. etc. (5). Chayouzhong Banner: Tlle population of Chayouzhonig banner is 220 thousands, of whiich 62 thousands non-farming population., with han, mongolia, hui, man. chaoxian, xibo etc. nationalities. Chayouzhong Banner is drought farming areas, so the local economy is mainly drought farming. Chayouzhong, Banner is an area of half farming and half livestock raising. The local economy is mainly drouglht :arnming, gross national product of 1999 is 0.584 billion Yuan, the gross industry output value was 0.113 billon Yuan, GDP of per capita 2640 yuan. (6). Chayouhou Banner: 'I'he population of Chayouhou banner is 213 thousands, with han. mongolia, hui, man, chaoxian, etc. nationalities. Chayouhotu Banner is drought farmling areas, so the local economy is mainly drought farmning. Chayouhou Banner is an area of half farmiing and half livestock raising-. The local economy is mainly drought farming, gross national product of 1999 is 0.547 billion Yuan. the gross industry output value was 0.119 billon Yuan by 1999, GDP of per capita 2572 yuan. (7). Damao Banner: The population is 16,800 in Bailingniao lown of Damao Banner,of which Mongolia 3358, with Han, Mongolia. Hui. Man, Chaoxialn, Xibo, etc. nationalities.The population is 3000 in XilamLiren Town of Damao Banner. with Han, Mongolia, Hui, Man. Chaoxian etc. nationalities. Bailingimiiao and Xilaniu-en Towns are tour places of regional level, whose local economy is mainly drought farming and tourism. Gross national production is 0.69 billion by 1999, GNP of per capita is 6128 yuan. (8). Shangdu Counity The whole area of Shangdu is 2522 square kilometers, with the population 336000. of which 25400 persons not engaged in farming. There are Han, Mongolia, HIui, Man nationalities., etc. the population density is 11.2 persons/km2. lower than regional average value 19.5 persons/km2, much lower than national average value 121 persons/km2 as well. Shangdu County is drought farming area The local economy is mainly drought farming, with gross national product of 1999 0.79 billion Yuan, gross industry value 0.175 billion Yuan. GDP of per capita 2346 Yuan. 34. Residents' Living Standards The living standards of the areas along the highiways are very low. The worker's average wage (5712RMB/year,1999) is lower then the average level of the region (6282RMB / year,1999). The income per capita of the peasants and herds (1838RMB/year.1999), the total volume per capita of retail sales of social consumer goods (844RMB/year.1999) are all lower than the average level of thfe whole region (2174RMB / year, 2067RMB / year respectively), and the bank saving balance per capita of town and country people as well. 35. Arnbient Air According to the monitoring results, the air quality is good along the highways. Air quality of the villages, schools and clinics along the alignment all correspond with class 11 standard in GB3095-1 996. 22 D. POTENIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES I. Laoyemiao-Jining Highway Major potential impacts and their mitigation measures regarding Laoyemiao-Jingng Highway are summarized below and incorporated in the Environmental Action Plan (EAP) of the project. The EAP stipulate how the environmental impacts identified in the EIA will be dealt with in the design, construction and operation phases. Institutional arrangements have been made for the implementation of the EAP in the three distinct phases. The key elements of the EAP for Laoyemiao-Jinng Highway are summarized in Annexl -. IN DEIGN PHASE 36. Alternative Alignment One from the three alternatives was chosen as the recommended scheme. The comparison of the highway to be or not to be constructed shows that new project construction has more superiority of the project to local economy and reduction of traffic accidents. 37. Social Disruption 78 passes (8 per 10 kin), 2 interchange and 9 grade separators will be constructed to facilitate the crossings of the expressway by local people, animals and vehicles. 38. Soil Erosion (1) Water Erosion In design of the alignment, sites for building materials borrow and waste will be chosen properly in the light of soil conservation and environment protection. The earth/ stone works for the construction is 6,517,350 m3, the construction will utilize material excavated from cutting with the road-right-of-way for embankment fills of longitudinal balance. To prevent soil erosion and collapse, retaining wall & drainage works will be designed. There are some weak poor geology on the project, short walls will be constructed to protect the slope. (2) Wind Erosion Wind erosion will occur mainly at borrow sites in spring. So, borrow area will be located at centralized sites, meanwhile, temporary land will be cleared up for rehabilitation on the completion of the project. 39. Noise There are I school and 7 villages in the study section along the alignment of main road. 23 Based on the EIA and EAP, a combination of measures such as resettlement and afforestation will be undertaken to mitigate the medium and long-term noise problems. Before the operation of the highway, 10 houses will be relocated and approximately 5000 m2 forest strips will be planted at three sensitive locations. The villages exceeding the standards at night in 2025 are listed in Table D-1. The noise levels predicted at other I school and 4 villages do not exceed the standards. Table D-1 Environmental Noise Level during Operation Phase unit: Leq(dB) Noise level & beyond Place & Type of Dist. Year standard Adopted Remarks X! stations place from Leq (dB) standard 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ lae road O center Day Night Day Nigh (m) I t 2005 <57 <53 0.0 0.0 Document 2 Gaomiaozi Residential 2010 <58 <56 0.0 1.0 GB3096-9 of K281+450 area 75 20 1 5 <61 <57 0.0 2.0 3 NEPA,No.4 2020 <62 <58 0.0 3.0 Class 4 6 2025 <63 <60 0.o 5.0 day: 70dB night: 55dB 2005 <61 <57 0.0 2.0 4 Bashixiang Residential 2010 <63 <58 0.0 3 0 GB3096-9 day: 7OdB K327+200 area through 2015 <64 <59 0.0 4.0 3 night: 55dB 2020 <66 <62 0.0 7.0 Class 4 2025 <67 <63 0.0 8.0 2005 <62 <57 0.0 2.0 5 Dajing Residential 35 2010 <64 <58 0.0 3.0 GB3096-9 day: 70dB Village area 2015 <65 <61 0.0 6 3 night: 55dB 1(333+300 2020 <67 <62 0.o 7.0 Class 4 2025 <68 <63 0.0 8.0 2005 <55 <50 0.0 0.0 7 Bayintala Residential 120 2010 <56 <52 0.0 0.0 GB3096-9 day: 70dB K345+850 area 2015 <57 <53 0.0 0.0 3 night: 55dB 2020 <59 <55 0.0 0.0 Class 4 2025 <61 <56 0.0 1.0 Noise preventive measures will be taken at the villages where the noise levels excess the standard at night. See Table D-2. 24 Table D-2 Noise Mitigation Measures From Max. predicted Sensitive centralline Length excess values Leq Measures & estimated reduction locations of road (m) (m) (dB) Ld Ln Gaomiaozi Village 75 180 0.0 5.0 A strip of woods more than 10 m x 200m K281+450 will be planted between village & highway to reduce noise by 1.5-2.0dB. Adopted Class VI standards of GB3096-93. (day :70 dB, night: 55dB) Bashixang Village 35 450 0.0 8.0 5 houses will be removed 40 m away to K327+200 reduce noise by 3.5dB, and woods with area of lOmX 150m will be planted in the land of removal empty between village & highway Adopted Class VI standards ofGB3096-93. (day :70 dB, night: 55dB) Dajing Residen 35 300 0.0 8.0 5 houses will be removed 40 m away to K333+300 tial area reduce noise by 3.5dB. In addition, woods with an area of lOm x 150m will be planted in the land of removal empty between village & highway Adopted Class VI standards of GB3096-93. (day :70 dB, niht: 55dB Measures (1) 10 m x 500 m=5000 m2 for noise total mitigation ( About 10 houses need to be removed due to noise pollution * The noise levels predicted at Bayintala at night in 2020 do not exceed the standard and the level in 2025 will exceed only one dB. So, there is no need taking preventive measure. 40. Air Pollution For Laoyemiao-Jining Highway, in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2025, at the cross sections predicted, neither NOx nor CO concentrations will exceed the assessment criteria for the concentration caused by the increased traffic. 41. Water Pollution There will be two service centers in the section of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway. Sewage treatment facilities will be set up at the service centers. The sewage will not be discharged unless is disposed of properly. For it, treatment procedures with septic tank are suggested. 42. Culture Relics Following the relevant regulations in China, an archaeological survey was carried out by IMICRA. Based on the survey report on cultural relics along the proposed alignment areas, there are no important cultural relics and cemeteries along the alignment. Therefore, the construction of the proposed highway will not involve issues of damage to the relics 43. Land use By survey, the proposed highway construction will occupy all land of 7419 mu, including 2856.03 mu waste land, 2465.56 mu paddy field, 1329.38 mu non-irrigated farnland, 323.24 mu woody land and 307.83 mu grassland. In design of the alignment, sites for building materials 25 borrow and water will be chosen properly in the light of soil conservation and environmental protection. In order to reduce the impacts to a minimum, the land for temporary use like mixing sites, borrow sites or construction access roads will be rehabilitated for farming. At the same time, the following engineering and management measures are proposed to take: * The alignment will avoid high-yield farmland as possible by using wasteland or dry land. * "Shrinkage" slopes will be used in section of high-yield farmland by means of retaining walls to protect subgrade to reduce land use. * Sites for materials storage and mixing use will be located within the range of land acquired. * Borrow will be conducted centrally for embankment fills. 44. Landscape On either side of the proposed project there are mainly bad farmland, waste hills and valleys with no beautiful scenery. There is some apparent impact on local scenery from cutting and building in construction phase. However, on completion of the project, due to some vegetation measures to be taken, a new modem highway with beautiful landscape will appear against the monotonous deserted pasture. 45. Greening The greening will be designed section by section depending on various requirements like subgrade type, environment, highway view and induction of visual line, etc. In addition to subgrade protection and water/soil conservancy, highway landscape and environment factors such as noise reduction and air pollution will also be taken into account greening design. Greening design will be incorporated with the construction of local afforestation. In case of embankment slopes and cut hillsides, engineering measures will be combined with plant protection. When the cut slope is higher than 8 m, the slope will be protected by using mortar schist or macadan at the toe. The surface will be protected by means of frames. In the middle drought-enduring and sand-resist plants will be used. The median dividers will be planted with drought-resist, wind resist species. The greening of interchanges will be characterized with local features including species of plants and patterns. In addition to plane design, vertical design also will be integrated to form all sided greening. The greening at service centers will be in harmony with the planning and architecture herein. Lawns, flower-bearing plants are suitable. 46. Vegetation The only way to prevent desertification due to the project construction is to compensate for and/or restore surface vegetation. Planting trees and grasses can protect subgrade, prevent soil erosion and beautify the view. Trees and grasses will be planted for this purpose. As soon as the project is completed, the land for temporary use will be cleared for restoration of vegetation or reclamation where there are irrigation facilities. Where there are no irrigation facilities, grasses will be planted in straw squares to prevent top-soil from desertification. 26 47. Irrigation The proposed alignment passes through the Bawang River, the Niuming River and lots of gullies. To ensure smooth flow of irrigation channels as well runoff, enough culverts have been designed. There are 2.01 culverts per km, which are sufficient for the area where the annual rainfall is less than 400 mm. IN CONSTRUCTION PHASE 48. Noise In order to reduce the time to expose to loud noise, the workers operate noise producing machines on shift basis. High-noise producing machinery will not be allowed to operate (22:00-6:00) at sections in close vicinity of residential areas such as Dajing Village, Gaomiaozi village and Bashixiang village. Machinery operators and construction workers will be protected with provisions like earplugs and helmets. Quarries, mixing sites, and asphalt mixers will be located more than 100 m from sensitive places. The major haulage routes will be chosen as far as possible from villages and schools and other sensitive locations. 49. Air Pollution The material storage sites and earth and limestone mixing sites will be located in open areas 200 m from residential areas or schools. Construction material storage sites, assess roads and road section near village or schools will be sprayed with water regularly. To control fugitive dust, the construction sites and major hauling roads will be sprayed regularly (two times a day, in the morning and afternoon) to prevent dust. Asphalt mixing sites will be selected properly and will be located at least 500 m from residential areas on the down wind direction of the wind directions. Besides, in the asphalt cooking process, open or semi-enclosure techniques will be allowed absolutely. 50. Ecosystem (1). Vegetation protection Protect trees within right-of-way, protection forests for irrigation channels in particular; Not cut trees within the temporary land if possible. Protection forests of soil conservancy and irrigation channels are not allowed to cut; Trees beyond right-of-way are not allowed to cut, grass land and bushes will be protected by strengthening management. (2). Reduce areas of borrow and spoil sites The total area for borrow and spoil sites is about 1,586 mu, mostly in hilly areas having no impacts on farmland, natural vegetation or residential areas. To reduce desertification, elevation of embankment will be lowered where appropriate so that the area for borrow and spoil sites can be reduced. (3). Rehabilitation of borrow and spoil sites In construction, the activities of selection of borrow and spoil sites will be incorporated with local agriculture development and general plan under consultation with the local authorities. To 27 sum up, these sites will be rehabilitated as soon as possible. (4). Temporary land During construction period it is advisable to locate the land for temporary use within the highway right-of-way such as interchanges, service centers and toll stations. The construction campuses and other sites will be rented in existing places. All the damaged vegetation and exposed soil resulting from the construction will be rehabilitated as soon as the project is finished. 51. Water Pollution To mitigate effect of highway construction on water bodies such as the Bawang River, the Yinzi River, the following measures will be taken. (l) To reduce bridge construction pollution, some up-to-date techniques will be adopted such as sinking drum methods and cofferdam method, which are suitable for the particular conditions of these rivers in the study area. (2) Wastewater containing oil will not be allowed to discharge into rivers before treated in a proper way. (3)The storage sites of building materials of asphalt, oil and chemicals should be far away from riverbanks and muffled. (4)The sewage of construction campus (about 20 m3 a day) which is one of the pollution sources will be treated centrally. Feces, when composted, will be used as manure. 52. Flooding To protect irrigation channels and prevent soil erosion, the construction/reconstruction work of irrigation channels will be done in dry and slack seasons. Mud and sand coming from construction of large and middle-sized bridges are not allowed to dump into river courses, floodplains or banks of channels. When construction access roads cause disturbances to irrigation channels, temporary bridges and culverts will be built to guarantee smooth runoff. 53. Resettlement Although the alignment has avoided the urban areas of Jining and Xinghe Town sites and other towns and villages, an area of 3315 m2 (about 166 rooms) will be demolished. The local policy regarding housing demolition and resettlement will be carried out strictly. The compensation funding will be granted to those themselves whose houses are demolished without using for other purposes. Resettlement will be conducted under the management of the local governments in such a way to occupy as less farmland as possible. The new houses will be built in the areas where the noise levels at night are less than 50 dB. Resettlement will be implemented prior to commencement of the project itself. The new houses will be improved to some extent compared to the current ones. Support will be given to those who have difficulties in building new houses. Minority nationalities will be concerned in resettlement their customs and religion will be respected. 54. Protection of Cultural Relics 28 Construction works will be stopped immediately if any cultural relics are discovered as a result of road construction or excavation activities. The local cultural relics authorities will be informed immediately. Excavation will be resumed unless the authorities approve of it. IN OPERATION PHASE 55. Local Plan The prediction of traffic noise reveals that in long-term of operation (2025) the noise levels with 150 m of the road are below class-four of GB3096-93 (Standard levels on both sides of the highway. Therefore, no new residential houses will be built within 100 m of the highway and other environmentally sensitive buildings such as schools and hospitals within 150m. The masses and local governments along the road will be mobilized to plant trees on fallow land and between road and villages to protect the environment. 56. Noise According to the noise levels of sensitive locations in the study area during operation phase, the noise impacts are assessed as follows: (1) The distance from the Dagong School to the proposed highway is 140m. The section of the road near the school is moat configuration. In addition, there is a hill between the school and the propose road. This hill has a function of natural sound barrier and greatly reduces the impact of traffic noise, caused by the highway on the school. The noise levels at Dagong School in the daytime will be less than 55 dB (Class-one Standard.) and the levels at the school at nighttime will be less than 45dB(Class-one Standard). (2) In the daytime, the noise levels at 7 village residential areas will not exceed 70dB (Class-four standard of environmental noise of urban area). (3) At the nighttime, the traffic noise has some impacts on Bashixiang, Dajing and Gaomiaozi villages. Therefore, mitigation measures to be taken at both villages are listed in Table D-2 ( Para.37). After three villages will be achieved above mitigation measures (Table D-2), The noise levels can basically be in compliance with Class-four standards of GB3096-93. (day :70 dB, night: 55dB) 57. Vehicular Management (I) Better vehicle maintenance/management will be enhanced to keep vehicles in good conditions. Vehicle noise and emission inspection will be strengthened. If a vehicle does not comply with the noise and /or emission standard, the vehicle will not be allowed to pass unless the problem is rectified. Periodical and random exhausted gas emissions inspection will be taken. (2) Public awareness and education will be promoted to familiarize people with the problem of air pollution and noise from vehicles and with related regulations. 58. Risk of spills of hazardous goods Domestic sewage at 2 service centers plus tolling stations will be treated by using septic tanks and after treated used as manure for farming. Otherwise it can not be discharged into river 29 bodies. Toll stations can also take responsibilities of traffic control to stop vehicles with spills and overload running on the road. The administrative departments will be informed of vehicles hauling hazardous materials and they can not run on the road unless get permits. Such vehicles will be provided with obvious markings and can not stop wherever they want. In case of accidental spill of hazardous materials, the relevant departments will be immediately informed of to take prompt actions based on the emergency plan. 59. Highway Safety (I) Impacts during construction phase It has impacts on the construction workers and the masses. As to the construction workers, they are likely to be injured in bridge construction. In inviting tenderers in construction bridges and big cut sections in heaving rolling areas, the tenderers will be strictly selected. Only the qualified in all aspects can undertake the construction. Strict regulations will be followed to ensure the safety of the workers, and it will be written in the contract. Wardens will posted at crossing, school sections and residential area to ensure that they are safe. The working time must be in schedule at some blasting sections. At blasting, no vehicles and pedestrians are allowed to cross. The neighboring villages can be subsided for their temporarily leaving at blasting. No crossing of pedestrians is allowed when building up bridges. (2) Impact during operation phase The existing Laoyemiao-Jining Highway is one section of National Road 110 in Inner Mongolia The road class is low with steep grade. It has been streetlized at many sections leading to frequent traffic accidents. On completion of the road, however, the traffic accidents will decrease to a grade degree because of better road conditions and detour of the densely peopled towns and villages. Hence the financial losses will decrease accordingly. H1 Potential Impact and Mitigation for HNIP Road Project An EAP has been made out for HNIP Road project. All the available measures in the main route of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway are adoptable HNIP Road Project, such as scenery protection, traffic safety and ecological protection etc. All the following are some specific measures for HNIP Road. The key elements of the EAP for HNIP Road summarized in Annex 1-2. . IN DESIGN PHASE 60. The factors shotild be considered in design phase as following: (1) If the project has earth borrowing and discarding. it is necessary to ascertain the source sites of earth, disposal sites of wastes and earth. Farmland can not be used, and the project can not cause adverse effects on rivers, ditches and reservoirs. It is not allowed to destroy riverbeds and scenery spots during sand dredging and stone mining. (2) If trenching system of road sides have to be occupied by the project, subgrade and 30 trencihing svstem must be re-designed. and it is also required to avoid dischargc of oily sewage to farmland and drinking water. (3) Project afforestation should be included in project genieral planniing, for which necessary funds be places to guarantee the timely implementation after the project completion. T'he most important places to be afforestated are schools. sections of road near residential areas, slopes where the vegetation are destroyed, temporary land use. borrow pit and waste area etc. (4) If the newly-designed slopes are big, necessary technical measures must be taken to stabilize the slopes to prevent water erosion and add to the beauty of the highway. Upon completion of the project, it is required to construct protection slope, shoulder. ditches and other places. which have been damaged by tile constiuction. All these places shall be recovered with vegetation to prevent water erosion. (5) T'his project belongs to road reliabilitation and improvement project. Due to historical reasons, there are a lot of schools and villages, during project design and construction, it is important to avoid or reduce the environmiental impacts on these places during constructioni. In the stage of design. it is required to choose the sites which are possibly far awvay from ihese places for material stacking. concrete and asphalt mixing etc. Materials transportation shall be equipped with dust-proof facilities and try to detour to avoid pollution. These facilities include water sprayer, low-noise equipment etc. Equipnment of high noise shall be adequately treated to avoid noise pollution such as by using sound alTesters. (6) According to the result of project environmental impact assessment, necessary preventive measures against noise are required during project design. IN CONSTRUCTION PHASE 61. Social Environments In the constructionl of bridges and culverts, effete on farning irrigation and flood releasing should be reduced to the utm1ost. Dumps and wastes are strictly inhibited to discard into the water body. Present irrigating or draining systems cut across or damaged ought to be rebuilt or reformed in proper way through sufficient consultation with local persons concerned. During construction period Toward traffic hold ups or jams. problems should be settled by: I) Strengthening traffic management at traffic conflict spots with specific persons to maintain traffic order. 2) Before constructioii, for the least blocking traffic plans should be made to lessen effects onl traffic. 3) Encouraging contractors taking night material conveyinlg or preparing materials in slack seasons. In densely populated areas. construction should be arranged as short as possible so as to reduce effects on inhabitants. 62. Vegetation The construction management shall be strengthened during this period to avoid damaging the vegetation. 31 For the damaged areas such as the temporarily occupied land and makeshift shortcuts, the restoration of land and recoverv of vegetation shall be conducted after the completion of work.. 63. Soil Erosion The refuse, earth and stones discarded during the construction shall be filled into the pits nearby and buried up. It is not allowed to discard them in the open at will. The earth and stones should not be heaped up on the upper sloping sides of the cutting or in the filled gullies or valleys so as to avoid severe water and soil loss in case of heavy rains. Measures for water and soil conservation on both sides of the highxAav: (I) Grass planting on side slopes of the roadbed (2) Protective works for the roadbed (3) Measures for protection of cuttings (4) In order to prevent the built-up water on the pavement from carrying away the soil from the roadbed and the primary surface of it, the drainage system shall be built up for the pavement and the roadbed. The drainage ditches should be designed longer so that no water and soil loss would be increased at local place due to the surface soil washout by the drained water. 64. Noise There are some schools, clinics and villages along the existing road. The innovation of highways will widen and level the previous roadbed. Some large machinery are not necessarily used, except the noise sources from spreader, roller and some other traffics. In construction phase, the work and lift (especially sleeping at night) near the road are influenced as the instant noise values can exceed the criteria (70 dB(A) in davtine; 55 dB(A) at night). The construction and its noise will impact on schools (noise values exceed 60 dB(A) for the roadside classrooms). The lucky thing is there are no pupil living in schools, and no negative impact on them. The completion of road, with its improvement of higher transport, noise will be lower. In construction phase, the noise decrease can be realized by controlling of working time, tilat is, construction work can not be done between 2:00 at night to 6:00 of the next morning. 65. Air Pollution Lime-earth mixing fields and asphalt -mixing fhelds should be located in downwinid places 200in beyond the sensitive areas. Vehicles transporting building materials should be covered so that spills will be made as less as possible. On road for transporting building materials and in construction sites, proper watering measures should be taken. When vehicles conveyinig building materials pass throuigh densely inhabited areas or sensitive spots, running speed should be redtuced to lessen the influence of dust raising, moreover, in sensitive areas vehicles passing through, rate- limiting signs should be set up. IN OPERATION PHASE 32 66. Soil and Vegetation After the highway is put into service, the use of the reclaimed land shall be taken into consideration. The reclaimed land shall be first put for agricultural use and then for forest and livestock. Generally, pasture grass shall be planted initially and, after the land capability is raised, it can be used as farmland. 67. Water and Soil Conservancy During thie service stage of the highway. the works or measures, which have been taken, should be maintained. In sections where soil erosion is caused by build-up of water on the pavement or by improper preventive measures, remedial actions shall be taken immediately. And also timely watering, fertilization and weed eliminating to ensure the proper growthi of the plants shall carefully tend the biological mcasures. The under grown plants shiall be reseeded in time and the causes shall be found out. 68. Noise There are 9 noise sensitive points totally within a distance of 200 m at each side of the five highways of HNIP (8 schools and I clinic). 1Thev are all located within the distance of 80-150 m from the highways. Forecast values for these 9 sensitive points show that in operation phase 7 points will exceed the standards Class I in Noise Standards at Urban Areas (GB30'96-93). But the forecast values also show that exceeding values for these 7 points are not big due to small traffic volume. The maximum exceeding value is 5.7 dB(A). These 7 points are specified as followilng: one school in the highway Zlhuozishan-Liangchen (80m away from the highway), two schools in the highway Kebuer-Baiyinchagan (80m and lOOm respectively), 3 schools in the highway Tumuertan-Sliangdu (80m. lOOm and 120m). and one clinic (80m). So in these 7 sensitive points. mitigation measures are needed such as increasing the height of fences of scliools and clinics and planting trees to avoid the influence of traffic noise. The sensitive sites where mitigation measures will be taken are summarized in Table D-3. Table D-3 Summary of Sensitive Sites Measure Highway Namne Sensitive Measure Time for Action Xihaoqian Villagge I.Raising fence to 2.5 m Zhuozishan--Liangcherng c2005 Iligh School 2.P1anting trees for preeiiting noise Hongpan village I .Raising fencc to 2.5 m 2005 Kebuer-Ba.i vinchagan High School 2.Planiting trees for preventing noise Shengli Ellemcntary I .Raising fence to 2.5 m 2005 School 2.Planting trees for preventing noise Xijingzi Village I igh I .Raising fence to 2.5 m 2005 School 2.Paniting trees for preventing noise Xijingzi Village I.Raising fence to 2.5 mr 2005 Clinic 2.Planting trees for preventing noise Tumuer tai-Shangdui Xiingzi Village I .Raising fence to 2.0 m 2010 Vocational School 2.Planting trees for preventing noise Da)arifang village I .Raising fence to 2.0 mn 2010 lHighi School 2.Planting trees for preventing noise 33 69. Air Pollution In operation period (in 2010, 2015 and 2020), exihaust gas is the predicted not to impact the atmosphere obviously. Under usual weather conditions, it will not pollute the sensitive poinits along the highways. 70. Afforestation The areas the highwvay goes througIl the areas characterized with dry climate, big winds and serious sand attack. great cliange in soil and vegetation and especially severe soil erosion in some sections. Therefore the greening of this section of the highiway can be carried out in several sectors according to different kiinds and functions of the planting. Where the soil erosion and desert- fiction by wvind are more serious. so the wind-, sand- and aridity-resistant elms, populous simonies. Xinjiang poplars. caravan microphylla etc. shall be selected as tihe planting trees for the both sides of the route. To green the relatively smooth terrain. normally tree rows of arbors. such as poplar pekinica, Xinjiang poplars, weeping willows, dry land willows, Chiinese taniarisks, etc. shiall be planted outside the side ditches of the roadbed. For the afforestation in the area of hills and gullies, different measures should be taken for the various surface features. This section of hiighway shall be mainly made green with Chinese pines, larches. Chinese junipers, Xinjiang poplars. poplar pekinica. Hebei poplars, sea-buckthoTn bushes. etc. 71. Safet, At some sections, accidents possibly occur near villages and towns as traffic speed can increase on the improved roads. Signs can be posted and publicizing can be commonly used for the reduction of accidents. 72. Environmental cost estimate Environmental cost estimate is as shown in Table D-4. TableD-4 Environmental Cost Estimate ( unit:X 104RI3 ) Iluade to Zhuozishan to Kebbuer to Bailinmiao to TumuCrtai to No Measures Anye Liangeheng Baiyinchagan Xilamuren Shtiangdu W water And Soil C onservancy 85(11!km) 92(2/km) 70( I/km) 82(1/km) 55.4( Ikn) 2 Land Restoration 68(0.81krm) 38.4(0-8tkm) 56(0.8/km) 65.6(0.8/km) 44.3(0.8/km) 3 Measures Tlo l'revent Noise _ 1.5 3.0 - 4.5 4 Afobrestation 85(1 Ikm) 38.4(0.8/km) 70(1 km) 65.6(0.8,1km) 55.4(1/km) 5 Equipment 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 6 Pcrsonnel Training 10 10 10 10 10 7 lotal 263.2 185.5 233.2 238.4 1 84.8 34 E. ALTERNATIVES 73. The proposed highway from Laoyemiao to Jining has three comparison schemes, e.g. Scheme I, II and III .See Figure E-l. Scheme I is to construct a new expressway near the existing Class 11 highway, and most of the existing Class 11 highway will be used as relief road. The total length in Scheme I is 91.28 km Scheme 11 and Scheme I are quite the same in terms of location of the route, the route alignment, control points and standards, except that the construction periods of the two schemes are different. In Scheme 1, the full-width expressway will be completed at one time; in Scheme 11, the highway will be constructed by width and by stage. Phase I of Scheme 11 is to constructed a new half width highway near the existing Class 11 highway, and the existing Class II highway will be used as another half . Phase 2 of Scheme 11 will is to build another half-width road, with the existing road as relief road. The total length of Scheme II is also 91.28 km. In Scheme 111, both sides of the existing highway will be expanded to built a Class I highway with four lanes. In the Scheme 111, the total length is 91.559 km 74. Comparison between Build-scheme and No-build scheme (zero Scheme) There is an existing highway between Laoyemiao to Jining, namely National Road 110. However, the class of existing highway is two leading to frequent traffic accidents due to low technical standards, more heavy truck on the road and other unfavorable conditions. Meanwhile, the existing highway does not meet the need to implement the state's main framework of National Trunk Highway System (NTHS). With the increase of traffic volume in the future, low traffic capacity of the existing highway is not in conformity with the requirement for carrying out the State Strategy of Massive Development of the West. As to noise and vehicle exhausted gases (CO, NO2) in the operation phase, zero alternative would be worse than the proposal alternative. 75. Comparison of Environmental Elements (1) Ecological Environment * Soil erosion Because the Scheme I and the Scheme II are the exactly same route alignment, and the scheme I and Scheme III are near to each other, the natural environment, topographical and earth work amount are basically the same. So, there is no obvious difference between soil erosion amount caused by scheme I and that by scheme 111. * Land Acquisition Scheme I will occupy 8,985.8 mu of land. Scheme III will occupy 4118.1 mu of land. Impact of land use of scheme III is less than that of scheme 1. * Removed Buildings The demolition area of Scheme I is 3315 m2. The removed area of scheme III is 7230 m3. Removed area of scheme III is more than that scheme I. In addition, survey shows that another 13 houses will be removed by scheme III. (2) Noise 35 fjI. :I 't ~~~~~~~~~~~~~iM I 16~~~~~~~~~~ F-.~~~~~~~~~~~~~i l f -. -titeN J-t- :S A:0s L\0 nJ |4 Scheme 1: In the year of 2025 in operation phase, the noise level in 3 villages will exceed the standard (at night); However, Scheme III: 6 villages will exceed the standard. So, from the angle of noise impact, Scheme I is superior to Scheme 111. (3) Water There is no great difference of impact on water because of the basically same traffic volume and the same number of management and service centers. (4) Social development There is no great difference of impact on social development because of the basically same traffic volume and the same number of grade separations. (5) Ambient air There is no great difference of impacts on the air because of the same traffic volume and meteorological conditions. (6) Safety Scheme I is superior to scheme III for the following reason: Scheme III will upgrade existing highway to become a Class I highway with four lanes. The indicators of the existing highway's alignment are low; Some parts have 4 places with small radius, and have big longitudinal slopes; The technical standards of part of the sections do not comply with the requirements for Class I highways. the low subgrade cannot be closed, and the mixed traffic cannot be solved with bad safety conditions; So, from the viewpoint of comprehensive environmental impact, scheme I is superior to scheme III. 76. Micro level Scheme alternatives Four micro level alternatives at the sections of Xinghe, Jiabazi, Niuming village and xiao nao were analyzed during the designing of actual alignment from the viewpoints of environmental protection. The results of the environmental comparisons are as followed. 37 (1) Schemes for section in Xinghe County The existing road is situated in the south of the County, 2 km far from the County. The proposed highway can be either located between the existing road and the County (Scheme B) or situated in the south part of the existing road (Scheme A) (see Figure E-2a). For environmental considerations, Scheme B is close to the Xinghe County so as to affect the future development of the County in land. Meantime, it is so close to the resident area as to bring both noise and exhaust impacts to the resident by vehicles. Also, Scheme B would occupy much farmland. For Scheme A, however, it keeps away from the resident area avoiding the impact on the resident by noise and exhaust as well as is beneficial to the development of the County. Furthermore, Scheme A mainly would occupy wasteland. From the viewpoint of environmental protection, Scheme A would be adopted. t~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~x st n ~~ ~ Scheme A-.- highway Figure E-2a Environmentally comparative schemes for sections in Xinghe County 38 (2) Schemes for section in Jiabazi (K320) Jiabazi section is across hills which take the shape of "V" in terrain and the existing road is located at the bottom of the "V". Three Schemes: A, B and C, can be used in this section as shown in Figure E-2b. Schemes A and C would require to be situated at the hillside; Although the alignment is good, in construction, it would be required to explode the hill with deep cut and high fill, which would lead to serious soil erosion. From standpoints of environmental protection and decreasing soil erosion, Scheme B would be finalized, i.e. using the existing road locally so as to diminish the land acquisition. In the meantime, soil erosion would be avoided resulting from the deep cut and high fill. X ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ctheme A_ ~~~ -p1~~~~~~~~ Scheme B~ Figure E2b Environmentally comparative schemes for sections in Jiabazi (K320) 39 (3) Schemes for section in Xiaonao (K330) Three Schemes A, B and C, are under consideration for section in Xiaonao (see Figure E-2c). If Scheme A were used, it would influence the Xiaonao Pond. Drought occurs locally and surface water is very rare. Therefore, in order to protect the water resources of the Xiaonao Pond, Scheme A is denied. Scheme C would widen the existing road. Though the amount of works is small, it is so close to the Village of Jiajia and occupies a lot of irrigated farmland. Consequently, Scheme C is vetoed too. In order to aviod the impact on the Xiaonao and decrease acquisition of irrigated farmland, the proposed road would be located at the hillside and near rto the existing road. Therefore, Scheme B is finalized as recommendation. Scheme A--- .-.. ~~~ - ~(Scheme C) Figure E-2c Environmentally comparative schemes for sections in Xiaonao (K330) 40 (4) Schemes for section in Niuning Village (K340) Three Schemes A, B and C, for section under the proposed road close to the Village of Niuming have been done. Scheme A would use the existing road with less quantity of works and less land acquisition. However, it would be so close to the Village of Niuming that noise and exhaust by vehicles would heavily impact on the local resident. For Scheme B, it would be newly built to the south of the Village of Ertaigou. This Scheme has better alignment with low cost of works. However, it would occupy more irrigated fannland and cut a large number of trees. As for Scheme C, it would also be a new road in the south of the Niuming Village with moderate indicators in alignment and use most of the waste land. The Scheme C has plenty of structures with a long distance of transportation of principal building materials. For environmental considerations, however, Scheme C would be recommended. ... / ~~~~~~ - ~ ~ ~ -Scheme A - Scheme B Figure E-2d Environmentally comparative schemes for sections in Niuniing Village (K340) 41 Build-scheme is superior to no-build scheme in terms of environmental protection. On the basis of careful and comprehensive comparison in diverse aspects including safety and micro level alternatives, our EIA statement recommends Scheme I to comply with the recommended scheme of the report of project feasibility study F INVESTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTION 77. Based on the measures suggested in EIS, the total estimated cost for the project of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway is 14.4909 million RMB yuan, accounting for 0.815% of the total cost of the project. For details, see Annex 4. 78. The total EP investment for HNIP Road Project amounts to 10.05 million RMB yuan. G. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING a. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING I Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 79. During the construction and operation phases of Inner Mongolia Highway Project, environmental monitoring will be carried out to verify the actual impacts on the environment, identify unexpected environmental problems at an early stage, and adjust environmental protection measures as appropriate. The Ulanqab League Environmental Monitoring Station will be responsible for environmental monitoring in construction and operation phases. 80. The major items to be monitored in construction phase will include air quality, noise, and water quality. These items will be monitored in the operation phase as well. In addition, sewage discharge at service centers, toll stations and administrative areas will be monitored. The detailed monitoring plan is presented below. (1) Air Quality During the construction phase, TSP will be monitored at lime and earth mixing sites as well as construction road. It will be monitored once three-months, four times a day. During the operation phase, TSP and NOx will be monitored four times a year for three consecutive days each time. (2) Noise During the construction phase, noise monitoring will be carried out one a month at eight sensitive sites such as villages and school, and one day two to three times, i.e. two times of sampling in day time and night. During the operation phase, noise will be monitored four times a year, one day each time, 42 i.e. four times of sampling in daytime and night. (3) Water quality During the construction and operation phase, water quality will be monitored involving The Bawang River, the Yinzi river in Laoyemiao-Jining Highway, COD, SS and oil will be monitored two times a year. (4) Ecological environment Borrow pits, quarries, construction camps, temporally used lands, mixing sites, haulage roads, etc. will be monitored 4 times a year in the construction phase and once a year in operational stage. 81. An annual monitoring report would be furnished to the World Bank by January 31 of each year starting in 2002 during the construction phase and each of the first three years following completion of construction. Fig.F-I is the report system for monitoring. Inner Mongolia Bureau of EP Office of Inner Mongolia The World Bank Environmental Protection Department Communications i The Project Office for Ho-Ji-Lao| High-speed Highway| A L Local Bureau of The Project Office of the Environment Protection Laoyemiao-Jining Highway T ~~~~t Local Environmental Monitoring Station Fig.F- I the report system for monitoring b. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 82. During the construction and operation phases, the following institutional arrangement will undertake responsibilities of environmental protection of Inner Mongolia Highway Project. The Inner Mongolia Communications Department (IMCD) is responsible for the EP arrangement. Its responsibilities are to coordinate the EP management between executive departments and employers; instruct employers to implement the managerial measures. The divisions are: The EPO under the agency of the PMO under IMCD is responsible for the EP plans 43 and environmental management in the design phase. The PMO is responsible for the implementation and management of the EAP in construction phase for Laoyemiao-Jining Highway and the Inner Mongolia Expressway Administrative Bureau (IMEAB) is responsible for the EAP in the operation phase. The Inner Mongolia Highway Bureau (IMHB) is responsible for the implementation and management of the EAP in the construction phase and the operation phase for HNIP Roads. (a) Design phase: the EP unit of PMO (2 persons) (b) During the construction phase, the two supervisors from the PMO will be responsible for the supervision of the implementation of EP measures in EAP and tendering documents. (c) Upon completion of the project, specialized people will be assigned to take responsibilities of EP in their areas in areas in Jining city, Xinhe county and other with HNIP Road. For the institutions during construction, see Figure F-1. IMCD/World Bank Project Office (I Deputy Director for Environment) Environmental Protection Office Under IMCD ( 4 staff) IM Freeway Co.( It will be set up by June 2002). 4 staff in charge EP during the construction phase Enironinental Protection Ciroup in charge of l.ao-Ji Seetion Iighway{ 2 sta II) *: Ore supervision groiup) is ar'ranige(i foIr one bill sectiorl with one supervisor in charge of environmental mon ioto iing FigureF-2 Environmlental Institutions during Construction Phase IMCD/Inner Mongolia Lao-Ji-Ho Highway Office (IMHO) (I Deputy Director for Environment) Environmental Protection Office Under IMHO ( 4 staff) Figure F-2 Organization Structure during Operation Phase 44 c. ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING 83.Training of Personnel The program is intended to train the administrative personnel, technicians and supervisors involved in environmental protection so that they can acquire the knowledge of environmental protection and ensure the fulfillment of the EAP. According to their responsibilities, the trainees fall into three groups: administrative personnel, environmental supervisors, and worker staff. The training is to be carried out both at home and abroad. Those to be trained abroad will learn the new methods, techniques and management experience from the advanced countries and to introduce them to all the personnel in charge of environmental protection. Those to be trained at home include administrative personnel and working staff, with the training seminars sponsored by the project office, and lectures given by the senior staff from the World Bank, government officials and experts. The training of one high-level administrative personnel will cost 90,000 RMB yuan; The training of two stuff of EPO will cost 180,OOORMB yuan. with 90,000RMB yuan for each; The training of 15 environmental technical and supervision engineers will cost 150,000RMB yuan, with 1,000 RMB yuan for each; The cost totals 420,O00RMB yuan. H. PUBLIC CONSULATION I. Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 84. In November 1998, after environmental screening and before the TOR for the EA are finalized, the EA panel from Xian Highway University conducted first time social and public consultations at Jining City, Xinhe County, Gaomiaozi town and Beiyintal town. 39 individuals who are interested in the project attended consultation. At consultation meetings, draft TOR of EIA was published. The TOR has such contents as: I) highway location; 2) possible noise impact; 3) possible impact from separation; 4) possible influence from land taking etc. All the participants gave out their opinions actively, which shows a positive attitude to the highway construction as well as a great concern on land taking compensations. In the end of July 1999, on the basis of the initial draft of the EIA, the EIA term had made the second public consultation by face-to-face talks with 18 persons interested in the road at Beryintala town, Gaomiaozi Village and Dagong Primary School. The draft EA report contains the following: 1) adverse impacts of the highway; 2) EP measures to be taken; 3) public views on our measures. The individuals all paid great attention to the project construction because they are closely related to their own interests. . In August 2001, according to the E1S of the proposed highway, we conducted the third public 45 consultation work. Three public consultation meetings were holed at Caoci'yao village's Cattle Breeding Association (a local NGO), Badaqing village and Shangsanhaodi village, respectively. 38 persons who are interested in the proposed project attended the meetings. At the consultation meetings, the panel provided the affected groups with the proposed project's objectives, alignment and the EA conclusion and pointed out the major potential impacts on environment. Through fully discussion with the representatives of local NGOs, farmers, individuals, the memorandums of consultant meetings were obtained. In addition, 142 of the questionnaires were handed out with 121 collected. Questionnaire forms were handed out to collect the opinions of masses (see Table H-i). The Chinese version of the final EIA was publicized at the Wulanchabu Freeway Project Office during Septeber 6-30,2001. Before it was publicized, an advertisement for EIA information disclosure was put on the Wulanchabu Daily (a local newspaper) on September 6, 2001 in order to let affected groups, local NGOs and individuals interested in the project know the public consultations and information disclosure. At the same time, the advertisement publicized telephone number for information consultation and address of showing the EIA report, etc. Table H-1 Public Hearing Investigated Questions Answers Number of people Ratio(%) If in favor of the project Yes 115 94.8 No 0 0 No comments 6 5.2 If in favor of the route alignment Yes 107 88.6 No 6 5.3 No comments 7 6.0 Yes 119 98.3 If advantageous to economic growth No 0 0 No comments 2 1.7 If advantageous to improving living Yes 110 90.5 standards No 0 0 No comments 11 9.5 No 101 84.2 Any objection to land acquisition and Yes 19 15.8 resettlement No comments 0 0 Any objection to traffic disruption No 75 62.3 No comments 2 1.7 Yes 44 36.0 85. The public consultations show that all the governments, council representatives, individuals who interested in the proposed road and NGO concerned expressed their wishes that the highway will be put into use as soon as possible. The investigation indicates that 95% of the individuals agree on the construction of the highway; 84% of the masses agree on land acquisition and resettlement; 98% of the individuals consider that the construction of the highway is advantageous to the local economy development; 90% of the individuals think that the proposed highway is good for improving their living standards. They all support the project. The concerns of the public are summarized as follows: (a) To use as less good farmland as possible and compensate for the farmland used properly. (b) To arrange resettled household timely and properly according to relevant policy and regulations to ensure that their living standards not lowed. (c) 78 passageways, 9 grade separations, 8 large bridges and 30 middle-sized or small 46 bridges will be built, which has already been considered in the design. There are about 8 passageways per 10 km for pedestrians and motor traffic. According to Mission Aide Memoire (Jan. 10-13, 2002), additional public consultation will be conducted in February. The consultation will set its target on ordinary residents in each village. The plan intends to consult addition 500 persons. The results of the consultation will be submitted to the Bank as an independent report. The EA documents will be disclosed domestically no later than January 22, 2002. 11 HNIP Road Project 86. On July 24-27, 2001. after environmental screening, the EA group divided into two parts held public conisultation meetings in Jiniing City. Huade County, Liangcihen County. Zhuozishan County and Baiyinchagan Cotnty, with 16, 12, 15, 14 and 14 persons respectively. Most of them are local people. Meanwhile, 500 questionnaires were distributed with 495 collected. On Sep.26-29, 2001. after draft IEE. the EA group divided into two parts held public consultaion meetings again in Jining City. Huade County, Liangchen County, Zhuozishan County and Baiyinchagani County, with 21, 15. 14, 14 and 16 persons respectively. Most of them are also local people. At meantime, 500 questionnaires were distributed with 499 feedback. Besides local people, the participations of consultation meetings were from the Council representatives, local governors and NOGs along the alignment and we also consulted the following departments: agriculture, forestry, water conservancy and communications about environmental protection. 1000 questionnaires distributed totally were collected 994. Investigation results can be seen in table H-2. In July and August 2001, the EIA team involving 10 persons publicized basic circumstances of the project along the route with such contents as: 1) highiway location; 2) possible noise impact; 3) possible influence from highway construction etc. The publicizing was carried out by two methods as door-by-door introduction and material sending. All the participants gave out their opinions actively, whichi shows a positive attitude to the higilway constructions. In the end of September 2001, on the basis of the initial draft of the EIA, we had face-to-face investigations with 58 persons at impacted areas. All the contents publicized and realized contain the following: 1) adverse impacts of the highway; 2) EP measures to be taken; 3) public views on our measures. They all paid great attention to the project construction because they are closely related to their own interests. An advertisement for EIA informnationi disclosure was put on the Wulanchabu Daily (a local newspaper) on January 15. 2002 in order to let affected groups, local NGOs and individuals know the public consultations and informationi disclosure. At the same time, the advertisement publicized the phone number for information consultation and address of showinig the EIA report. 87. The investigation indicates that 98% of the masses agree on the construction as soon as possible: 90.2% of the masses expressed the dissatisfaction to the traffic status; almost all of them think that the proposed higlhway is good for improving their living standards. Tliey all support the project. The concerns of the public are summarized as follow: 47 1) To use as less good farmland as possible for temporary land use dturing construction, and compensate for the farmland used properly. 2) Due to poor vegetation and almost no trees along the alignment in project areas, in this investigation, local people all requier that due to the poor ecological environment in the project areas we must protect the ecological environment and improve the quality of the natural environment, and atTorest along the alignment while construction. The cost of atTorestation in the local areas is generally 5000 yuariRNllhB kmii. According to the results of public consultation. the cost will be added up to 8000-10000 yuanRMB/km, which is modified in atTorestation plan in this report. 'T'able H-2 Statistics Retrieved from Questionnaires Question Answer Percentage (%) Understand well 5.2 Degree of understaning of Understand 24A4 environment;l protection Uiitderslanid little 56.4 Not understand 14.0 Verv satistied 0.4 Degree of satisfaction to the current Satisfied 9.4 communications situation Not satisfied 90.2 Major 0 Mlinor 44.2 Environment impacts of the road Slight 30.8 Not know 25.0 Major 97.5 Econoflic dcvelopment promotion by the Miior 1.8 road Slight 1.0 Not promotion 0 Somnewhat improved 91.2 Promotion of living standard and Not improved 8.2 amenities bv the road Degraded 0 Early construction 98.0 Attitude lo reconstruction Late construction 2.0 Without constrtetion 0.0 48 I CONCLUSION I. Laoyemiao-Jining Highway 88. Assessment Results of existing Environment (1) Acoustic Environment The noise levels in the rural areas along the route meet Class-four in GB3095-93. The level at Dagong school meets class-one standard in GB3095-93. The areas along the route are with fairly good acoustic quality. (2) Ecological Environment The ecological environment along the alignment is of undulate bench and river basin plain types with fanning and husbandry industry. The areas of Shangshanhao along the proposed highway enjoys good farming condition with other areas being deserts or pastures with weak ecological environment. The area belongs to "Protection Forest Areas of Three North" with very poor vegetation cover of 10-30%. Existing soil erosion: light water erosion with a module of 500~-2000 t/km2 - a; light wind erosion. Crop a year with a yield of 100-200 kg per mu. No rare plants and animals worthy protecting are hardly found along the route. (3) Social Surroundings Agriculture is the leading industry along the route, and is one of the poorest areas receiving assistance from the country. The average income of farmers is 825 -151 7 yuan. The areas are inhabited by a number of nationalities. The ration of Han, Mongolian and Hui is 94.197.8%o I.9-3.4%andO.2-1.4%. (4) Ambient Air The mean hourly and daily concentrations of CO and NO2 are lower than Class-two in GB3095-1996, and in general, the existing ambient air quality in fairly good. (5) Water Environment The water quality of the Yinzi River is of Class-one of surface water and that of the Bawang River of Class-three. In general, the surface water can reach Class-three of water due to existing situation of water quality. 89. Potential Impact on Environment and Mitigation Measures a. OPERATION PHASE (1) Noise The traffic noise in operation phase will not have notable impacts on the environment in the daytime in the study area. The noise levels in the villages along the route are in accordance with Class-four of GB3096-93 basically. The noise level at the school meets the Class-one of GB3096-93. The traffic noise during operation phase will have impacts to some extent on the 49 environment. In short-term operation, Three villages will exceed the standards at night. With the implementation of the mitigation measures suggested in the report, the traffic noise on the environment will be reduced to a minimum. This project has minor impacts on acoustic environment. (2) Ecological Environment The occupation of land for the highway construction will have no notable impacts on land use in general resulting in minor change in biomass. Therefore, the project construction will not affect the types of ecological environment and its features. The construction of the proposed project will have no impacts on wild fauna and flora in the Ulanqab League area. The land occupied for the project is mostly of wasteland and dry land with low yield (accounts for 55.87% of the total land occupied. Greening will be implemented within the right-of-way along the whole alignment to improve ecological environment in the study area. The landscape along the route will be beautified along the alignment. (3) Impact Assessment on Soil Erosion During construction phase, the earth works and embankment engineering will result in remarkable hydraulic erosion. Besides, at various borrow sites there will be wind erosion because of strong winds. However, the soil erosion is local and has short-term, and it can be controlled. With implementation of embankment protection work, drainage systems and greening works, the soil erosion resulting from subgrade slope protection can be controlled in an effective way. Eventually, the soil erosion will be restored to the original levels prior to the construction or the erosion will be even less the existing one. (4) Social Environment The construction is viable because of its good economical benefits and cost/benefit capacity. The construction of the highway is the necessity for completion of the national highway networks, the national trunk line configuration and the main highway frame of Inner Mongolia. It is a very important step for economic transmission to the central and western parts and for improving infrastructure facilities in Inner Mongolia The proposed project will have significant social benefits by playing an important role in business, trade, industry, agriculture, husbandry, transport and tourism. Thus, it will promote the local economical growth along the alignment. 7,491.128 mu of land will be acquired for the project construction (accounting for 50.66% of acquired land including 32.9 % of paddy field and 17.7 % of dry land with low yield). The route alignment is designed rationally by avoiding cities along the route. It will not have adverse impacts on the life of the public by providing financial compensation and resettlement. Effective engineering facilities will ensure that the water conservation facilities, surface water regimes, highway networks can work well. 8 passageways will be built per 10 km for traffic of the public and husbandry. (5) Ambient Air During the operation stage, the vehicular waste gases along alignment will have minor impacts on the air due to the speedy wind and strong diffusion capacity. (6) Water Quality During the operation period, the storm-water coming from bridge surface will have slight effects on the water quality in the Yinzi River and the Bawang River, with the water quality 50 remaining unchanged. The domestic sewage from service centers, administrative divisions, toll stations and maintenance sections and car-washing wastewater will affect water quality, so it cannot be discharged before treated properly. Although there is little possibility of risk of hazardous materials spill, it occurs accidentally with severe consequences. Therefore, it is required that effective measures be taken to prevent it from happening. b. CONSTRUCTION PHASE During construction phase, there is potential to have dust pollution and noise resulting from heavy construction machinery, earth/lime mixing equipment and asphalt mixers. Vegetation will be damaged as because of big borrow leading to great soil erosion. In addition, the sewage from construction camps and garbage and bridge construction will have some effects on water quality. Although the effect during the construction stage is short-term consequence, environmental protection measures will be taken according to the Environmental Plans by strengthening supervision and monitoring to reduce the impacts to a minimum or to be alleviated. c. SUMMARY OF EIA 90. The construction of the highway from Laoyemiao to Jining will have remarkable both financial and social benefits, so all community and public in the study area are in favor of it. The alignment is designed rationally in the following ways: it has avoided Xinghe county town site and the town of Jining City. Also, it has occupied as less farmland as possible. It will have minor impacts on the living environment of the residents along the route during the operation phase. It will not affect the ecological environment species and their features much. Under the environmental protection measures in the Environmental Plans for the project, highway protection works, drainage works will be ensured. As a result, the environment can be protected, and soil erosion can be controlled or improved. To conclude, from the viewpoint of environmental assessment, the project is feasible because there are not any major environmental factors that will constrain its construction. 11. IINIP Roads 91. Environment Assessment of Present Status (1 )Most of the project areas are needy counties and banners whose economy is not developed. The economy along the alignment is mainly farming. completed with stock raising as complement. The productivity is in lower level. (2)Farmland is mainily distributed along the alignment and propagation resources lack. The 51 propagation species are widespread species, and no rare and valuable propagation species. (3)The organic matter in soil is low, the vegetation covers small areas, soil erosion and desertification are serious, and soil erosion presents sliglit--medium extend. The above situations mean the ecological environment of project areas is flimsy. (4)The project areas are villages and small towns, in which populations spread arouind. and density of populations is low. The traffic volume is very lowv along the highways of HNIP. which leads to no noise influence upon villages and clinics within 200m on both sides of the highwvays. Monitoring results indicate the noise didn't exceed the standards, which means noise environiment is good. (5)According to the monitoring results, the atmosphere quality is good along the highways. Atmosphere quality of the villages, schools and clinics along the alignment all correspond with1 class 11 standard in GB3095-1996. 92. Prediction analysis conclusion of impact on Environmenit a. CONSTRUCTION PHASE All sections of various sub-projlects belong to road improvement project. It is only required to extend. strengtlhen and improve the existing road pavement without requiremcnt of land requisition and residents' resettlement. Therefore, the environmental impacts done by the project actions mainly include the following aspects: (1) Noises and dust of construction equipinent and transport vehicles will affect the acoustic and atmosphere environment of the sections of various sub-projects to some extent. It is necessary to adopt environmental measures such as suitable construction time, working site and sanitarv protection distances etc. to ensure the environimental quality of sensitive points inclusive of schiools and hospitals along the highways. (2) No rare animals and plants are found along the highways. The project construction will not have obvious impact on rare animals and plants. (3) The environmental ecological influence on vegetation and soils of the highways. It is only required to take grade descending in some sections to form some filling-excavating slopes. In addition, due to removal of some vegetation on slope, it will cause certain damage and water erosion in some sections. But such can be controlled through environmental education during construction and adopting suitable preventive measures such as to re-plant the vegetation immediately after construction. (4) The existing road will be half-open and half-construction during construction period, this will obviously affect the traffic flows. Such shall require mitigation measures such as adopting sectionalized construction and proper traffic leading. b. OPERAT'ING PHASE (1) During the operating period, with the increase of traffic flow every year, the noise level will also increase. It is estimated tiat, as up to the operating period, the sensitive points nearby the 52 highways will received obvious traffic noises. Noise levels of some schools and hospitals mnay exceed the environmental standards. It is necessary to adopt noise preventive measures for these sensitive points of relative higher estimated values if necessary. (2) Vehicle exhausted gas and dust will reduce the atmosphere quality along the highways during the operating period. But this will not exceed the assessing standards during short-term period because of small traffic volume. (3)Afforestation and vegetation restoration will improve the ecological environment along the alignment, which benefits water and soil conservancy and prevents soil desertification in sonme parts of the project areas. (4)No culture relics were found along the alignment, so there will be no effect on culture relics during constructioni. C. SUMMARY OF IEE The HNIP will improve local transportation conditions. bringing considerable social and economic benefits for these areas, also playing important roles in promoting resources exploitation, enhancing the unity among the nationalities in the minority areas, makinig the society stable, increasing income and obtaining employment opportunities of local people, and reducing the poverty population in the needy areas along the highways. On the basis of analyzing atmosphere, noise, ecological environment, culture relics and road safety, etc. to raise the mitigation measures in EAP. While these measures are put into implementation, the negative effect will be get rid of in construction, and ecological environment will be improved as well due to afforestation. Local people in ditferent levels all support the project witli positive attitude. The HNIP is feasible on aspect of environment. 53 Annex 1-la Environmentally Sensitive Issues and Mitigation Measures of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway for Design Phase No. Environ. Issues Environmental Protection Measures Implementation Managerso Schedule I Alignment 1. avoiding major sensitive locations Plane 2. taking less farmland 3. protecting arable land 2 Bridges 4. protecting irrigation works 5. ensuring smooth runoff 6. preventing flood from occurring 3 Passageways and crossing over 7. preventing traffic disruption 4 Protection of subgrade 8. preventing soil erosion 9. meeting anti-flood requirements Inner Mongolia IMCD January 5 drainage 10 . preventing soil erosion Transport Design 1999-Dece Institute mber of 6 Measures against accidental spills I I.preventing accidental spills of hazardous materials (IMTDI) 1999 of hazardous materials 7 Design of materials sites 12. reducing impacts on local roads 13. not occupying farmland, forest land or banks of river for borrow sites etc., restoring vegetation 8 Greening within right-of-way 14 protecting subgrade & preventing soil erosion 15. compensating for vegetation loss 16. highway landscaping & greening open ground of interchanges IMTDI IMCD June of 9 Reclamation or restoration of 17. restoration of vegetation due to highway land use 1999-Dece vegetation 18. Reclamation or rehabilitation of land use during construction El designer mber of including temporary land use and borrow sites. 2001 10 Disposal of sewage at service centers 19. discharge of sewage after treated 11 Sewage treatment at management 20. septic tanks of domestic sewage and 2-stage settlement tanks or tolling stations 12 21. locations and requirements are in Table 3-1 Mitigation of traffic noise 23. Houses to be demolished because of noise will be verified by the end of 2001 and listed in demolition plan. 54 Annex 1-lb Environmentally Sensitive Issues and Mitigation Measures of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway for Construction Phase (2002- 2004) Environment Environmental protection measures Executor Manager Auditing & Issues supervision EP in 1. EP design in construction (completed simultaneously with construction Inner Mongolia construction design) Employer IMCD Environmental Protection Bureau (IMEPB), Inner Mongolia Local Environmental Freeway Company Protection Bureau(LEPB) (IMFC) 2. Limiting construction time No high-level noise-producing machinery will be allowed to operate from 22:00-6:00am at sensitive villages like Dajing and Bashixiang villages 3. Machinery operators and construction workers will be protected 4. Septic tanks will be provided for sewage at construction campus; domestic Water garbage is canned and carried away regularly or treated in garbage pits environment properly (I for each bit section) 5. No sills of oil and chemicals are allowed into water bodied during bridge Employer IMCD IMEPB and LEPB construction; no mud or waste materials are allowed dumped in the river course or floodplains Inner Mongolia 6. Toxic materials like asphalt and chemicals are not allowed stored in the Freeway Company vicinity of water bodies (IMFC) 7. Waste and garbage will not be dumped near water bodies Water and 8. In rainy seasons mud settlement tanks and geotextile will be provided for Soil embankment filling and mixing sites conservation 9. No blasting is allowed for excavating earthy hillsides 55 Ecological 10. Forest protection: No or as less trees as possible will be allowed to cut environment 11. Protection and rehabilitation of vegetation 12. Wild animal and plant protection: No poaching is allowed 13. Fugitive dust at construction sites: water will be sprayed at construction and mixing sites; materials sites and mixing sites will be 100 m away environmentally sensitive points. 14. No bulk haulage will be allowed for cement and lime and they will be Ambient muffled air 1 5.No spills of sand, earth and other materials are allowed when hauled 16.Asphalt mixing will be conducted in enclosed equipment to comply with the emission standards of GB4916-85. The mixers will be 300 m away from environmentally sensitive points No asphalt mixers will be placed in the vicinity of Dajing and Bashixiang villages. 17.At construction sites safety guards will be posted and safety signs and Safety warning lights. will be installed 1 8.Hauling vehicles of construction materials will not be allowed or in reduced number to run on local roads during peak hours to reduce traffic conjecture. Local roads 19.Temporary service roads will be constructed when local roads are disturbed Employer IMCD 20.Damaged local roads will be repaired by the employers on completion of the project Inner Mongolia IMEPB and LEPB 21.No spills of materials will be allowed by muffling the hauling vehicles Freeway Company (IMFC) Land resources 22.Good farmland will not be used for temporary land use; farmland used for temporary purposes will be restored for rehabilitation. 23.Borrow sites will be cleared up for rehabilitation on completion of the project 56 Annex 1-ic Environmentally Sensitive Issues and Mitigation Measures of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway during Operation Phase Environment Environmental protection measures Executors Managers, Schedules Issues Supervisor Environmental I . Routine EP management 2002-2024 protection 2. Maintenance of EP facilities management IMFC IMCD, 3. Width of forest >I0 m, length 500m 2002-2003 Noise 4. Environmental monitoring will be conducted at villages where noise exceeds Implementation time will be mitigation >4.0dB in 2020 and mitigation measures will be identified IMEPB, determined after 2010 LEPB ~~~depending on monitoring Water 5. Sewage from service centers will be treated Completed before 2004; environment 6. Sewage from toll stations and administrative sections will be treated by using operation and sanitation septic tanks 2004-2022 7. Garbage from service centers, toll stations and administrative sections will be 2004-2006 canned and carried away regularly Soil erosion 8. Greening within right-of-way 2002-2006 and landscaping 9. Land for temporary use will be cleared up by placing straw squares for 2002-2006 Water and soil vegetation restoration. conservation 10. Borrow sites will be placed with straw squares for vegetation restoration 11. For HNIP Annex 1-2a Summary Of Environmental Mitigation Measures For Design And Construction Phase No. Environmental Environmental Measure Implementor Supervisor Issue During construction 1. Strenigthening traffic management at traffic conflict spots with specific persons to period Toward maintain traffic order; l ~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Contractors Project Office traffic hold ups or 2. Before construction, for the least blocking traffic plans should be made to lessen impact jams on traffic. Present irrigating or Ouglht to be rebuilt or refomied in proper way throtigh sufficient consultation with local draining systems persons concerned. Design Institute. 2 Project ()llice cut across or Contractors damaged I.To properly arrange longitudinal allocation of subgrade soil work; 2.To borTow soil from highland in case of inadequacy of embankment, but to control tlhe excavation depth . with consideration to use of solid industrial waste materials nearby; subgrade soil spoil 3.To Pave excavation materials in low-lying areas and to borrow soil from high-land for Design Institute. 3 L_Project Ollice & soil Borrowing- facilitating future restoration; Contractors 4.To temporarily put aside the cropped soil wherever it is necessary to borrow soil fiom farmiland or to place excavation material in farmiland, to level and to place back the cropped soil for farmiland recovery. 58 Annex 1-2b Summary Of Environmental Mitigation Measures For Design And Construction Phase No. Environmental Issue Frnvironmental Measure Implemntior supervisor l.T, maximize use of wasteland or poor land ,and to minimize iamiland: 2.T'o properly comTpenisate for anyv temipor-ary use of farmland according to tile duration of stchi occuipation 4 Temporary UJse Land Conlractors Project Oflice 3.Upon completion of constrmction activities. to cican the land fbr Temporaty usc antd to recover it; 4. 'To nminimize land areas for temporary use. I.Any waste material resulting from bridgc/culvert construction should not be let into the river chanincl to Construction of avoid any impact on the flood discharge capacity or original fninctions of the river; S Contractors Proiect ()ffice Bridge & Culvert 2.Not to destroy any of'the river dykes and not to affect the flood discharge capacity: 3.1b not narrowN the original river channel. Domestic Sewage I.1-o discharge inight soil and consumer wastewater after simply treated in septic tanks; 6 fromn Construction 2.Any consumer wastewater due to construction of bridges and culverts shall not be let into surface water; Contr actors P'roject OfMhce workers 3To stockpilc domestic trash for concentrated treatment. Blown Dust Arising I.lo water the surface of the transportation route at least twice in the moniing and tvice in the aflernoon froin Building (especially in the summer) so as to reduce blowvn dust: 7 Conntrctors I'roject O17ice Material 2.1To water and cover the surface of fly ash (or other solid industrial waste )and soil being transported; _ Transportation 3."1o cover the surface of cement aid I ime being transported. Construction Material I.Construction material should be stockpiled beyond 200m leeward of any village (or residential site) 8 Stockpiling rather than) at windward of any villages: Contractors Project Office __________________ 2.To cover the stockpile in case of rainy, snowy and windy days. 59 Annex 1-2c Summaty Of Enviironmental Mitigation Measures For Design And Construction Phase No. Environmental Issue Environmental Measure Implementor Supeivisor I.High-noise equipment shall be stationed 150 in away from sensitive points. If high-noise equipment is less thian 50 m away from residential area, night-vorkl (22:00-6:00) is prohibited. 9 Cons.ucio N .When construction is done nearby schools. it is required to negotiate with school authorities to 9 Construction Noise _Contractors Project Offce avoid noise disturbance to teaching. 3.Labor working protection shall be attended to. Workers working nearby noise source shall be _ ~~~~~~~equiipped with earplugs and take tLuriis in operation. 10 Blown Dust due to Lime 1. To centrally mix lime and soil materials: Contractors Project Ofrice Soil Mixing 2.To locate lime and soil mixing plants more than 200m leeward of residential sites. 1 .To centrally nmix asphalt conctete; I I Asphalt Smoke 2.To provide asphalt concrete delivery svstems withi precipitation devices, Contiactors Project Office 3.To locate asphalt concrete batching plants operators with necessary protection measures , such as shift work and shorter time of exposure to asphalt smoke. Underground Cultural I .To suspend work for the purpose of protecting any discovered cultural relics: Project Ot'fice, Relics to Be Discovered 2.To report to archaeological departments; Local Archaeological 12 in Constutiction 3.To provide cooperation and assistance in archaeological salvation. Contractors Agencies 4.To resume work when archaeological excavation is conmpleted and thle archaeological department allows wor-k resumption. 1lRoad Afforestation Design Institute . Project OfTice.1-ocal 13 Aff'orestation 2.Noiseproof afforestation Contractors Environmental Agencies To adopte water-soil conservancy measures are road side slope protection, cut- slope protection, DesigXn institute , Project Office. ILocal 14 Water-Soil Loss Highway shelterbelts making, land restoration and water-soil conservancy measures for both side Contiactors Environmental Agencies _slope surfaces of the Hilihway. I 60 Annex 1-2d Summary Of Environmental Mitigation Measures For The Operation Phase No. Environmental Issue Environmental Measure Iniplementor supervisor i. Horning vwill he Iorbidden in sensitive sites. with marks to this etYect provided lOl)m in fiont of County Highway County transport, public such sites; Administrationi and security and environment 2. Lamps instead of horns will be uised for overiaking purposes in night times traffic police protection authorities 3. J)riving speed will be limited. as necessary; al sensitive sites; authorities 15 lraffic Noise 4. Bounding walls of Xihaoqian Village lligh School, l-longpan Village Iligh Schl(ol, Shengli E]lementarv School. Xijingzi Village Hioh School. and Xijingzi Clinic will be raised to 2.5m by 2005. PIlanting trees for preventing noise. 5. Bounding walls of Xijingzi Vocational School and Dananfang Village 1-ligh School will be raised to 2.Om by 2010. Planting trees for preventing noise. 1. Exhaust discharge monitoring will be strengthened, and any vehicle failing the applicable Ditto Ditto national standard will not be allowed on the road: 16 Velhicle Exhaust 2. It is inadvisable for any new residential site, school, hospital and any other sensitive site to be built in the range of 200 on both sides: 1. Separating facilities will be provided at residential sites, hospital and schools where there are Ditto Ditto frequent htiman activities, and pedestrian crossings will be provided for the purpose of personal safety; 1 7 [IraMe Satiely 2. Enhianced educationi in tratTic safety will be carried out; 3. Trucks canrving any toxic, hannful and dangeroLIs matters will he accompanied by permits issued by public security andt highway administration authorities, and every possible measure will be taken for the avoidance oftraftic acidlents_ 61 Annex 2 Environmental Standard Environmental Standards in EIA Environment Standards Number Noise Standards at Urban Areas GB3096-1993 Standards of Ambient Air Quality GB3095-1996 Quality Standards of Surface Water GHZB 1-1999 General Discharge Standards of Sewage Gb8978-1996 Table 2-1 Noise Standards at Urban Areas (GB3096-93) Equivalent noise level: leq:dB(A) class daytime night Apply to 0 50 40 very sensitive areas 1 55 45 Residential and educational areas 2 60 50 Residential, shopping and industrial mixed areas 3 65 55 Industrial areas 470 55 Areas on both sides of artery lines Table 2-2 Assessment Standards of Ambient Air Quality Unit: mg/Nm3 Pollutants time of exampling Concentration limit Pollutants_______ 1 2 remark Daily average 4.00 4.00 6.00 CO Hourly average 10.00 10.0 20.00 Class-two in GB 3095-1996 Daily average 0.10 0.10 0.15 NOx Hourly average 0.15 0.15 0.30 TSP Daily average 0.12 0.30 0.50 Note: Class-one applies to natural preservatives, resorts and some other areas specially needed. Class-two applies to residential areas, shopping and traffic mixed areas, cultural, industrial and rural areas, Class-three applies to some special industrial zones. 62 Table 2-3 Quality Standards of Surface Water (GHZB 1-1999) Item class Item________ _i II III I IV V .pH 6.5-8.5 6-9 CODCR <15 15 20 30 40 Oils 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.0 Pb 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 Notes: Unit: mg/L with exception of pH. Class I applies to water sources and natural reserves; Class II applies to key central drinking water sources and rare species of fish protection areas and spawning beds; Class III applies to ordinary central drinking water sources and swimming areas; Class IV applies to water sources of industrial areas and other sources; Class V applies to irrigation and scenic waters. Table 2-4 General Discharge Standards of Sewage (GB8978-1996) item class-one class-two class-three apply to pH 6-9 6-9 6-9 all dischargers SS 70 150 400 other dischargers BODs 20 30 300 other dischargers CODcr 100 i50 500 other dischargers oil 5 10 20 all dischargers total lead 1.0 all dischargers Notes: Unit: mg/L with exception of pH. Class-one applies to sewage emission standards GHZB 1-1999 III Class-two applies to sewage emission standards GHZB 1-1999 II Class-three applies to drainage system with class-two water treatment device. 63 Annex 3: Preventive Schemes against Soil Erosion of Laoyemiao-Jining Highway A. Bases of Schemes and Objectives (1). Policy and regulations: Water and Soil Conservancy Law of PRC Technical Specifications for Water and Soil Conservancy Developments issued by Ministry of Water Conservancy (SL204-98 ) Design Specifications for Road Subgrade by MOC (JTJO13-95) Project Feasibility Study Report (2). Objectives Minimum damage to water and soil conservancy facilities and compensation if any. Proper disposal of waste of earth and stone. No hidden perils of slide and collapse Topsoil restored and exposed surface covered with vegetation. Engineering measures against soil erosion put forward B. Mitigation Measures against Hydraulic Erosion (1). Subgrade protection works Reliable subgrade protection works will be designed for the project. * Protection of fill embankment When the subgrade is -4m, the slope is protected with plantation of grasses. Bushes and arbor trees are planted at toe to the border of right-of-way. When the subgrade is 4-5m,the slope is protected by using slurry schist and/or plantation of grasses. When the subgrade is>5m,mortar schist retaining wall is placed below 1/2 or 1/3 of the slope. When the subgrade is >6m, below 6m, slurry schist slope is used. . At the vicissitudinous section in width and depth of the river (K277+500), T-type dams are built to slow down water speed. At partial sections of sand and wind erosion, gentle slope is used, and on it grasses are planted and sand barriers are built. The cut slope is 1; 2-1: 3. . * Subgrade protection of cutting When the cut is -3m deep, earth slopes will be planted with grasses. When the cut is 3-5m, earth slopes will be protected with mortar arches in diamond shape, in which grasses are planted. In case of weathered rocks, the slope will be gentle to prevent rocks from falling When the cut is> 1 2m, terraced slopes are adopted, the platform being 1 .5m-2.Om wide with the height difference of 6m- I Om. At the lowest part, masonry pitching of slope is used. In case of weathered rocks, facing walls are used to prevent rocks from falling. 64 Table 3-1 Subgrade Protection Works Materials and amount Items Notes M7.5 slury Ml 0 mortar Gravel Excavation Seeds Geotextile schist (mi3) surfacing (m3) base (m3) (kg) (i2) (m 3) Facing walls 326500.8 159.14 326500.8 Embankment 20350.08 8100 6084 wall Subgrade 338158.4 850 339250 Protection slope Subgrade 12223.3 6111.65 protection toe Protection 4853.63 17.28 4320 bank T-type dam 177 17.4 192 Mesh 195578 7012.7 172134 5543 protection slope . Short wall 4726.4 1924.32 ______ 1705 Total 902567.61 2950.74 7030.1 858313.45 5543 6084 * Slope protection at sections with poor geology At 319-K322, K324-K325 the highway is of rock cutting. The slope is expected to protect with short walls. M7.5 mortar schist and Ml0 slurry facing will be used with a discharge outlet every I Om. According to the feasibility study report, the whole alignment is provided with drainage ditches, side ditches, chutes and retarding walls. The total amount of drainage works is 206134 m3. See Table 3-2 Table3-2 Subgrade Drainage Work Amount unit: in3 No. Stations Works Materials Amount Notes I K273+720-K342+000 Side ditches Slurry schist 84972.0 2 K273+720K342+000 Drainage ditches Slurry schist 95352.0 3 K342+000-K365+000 Chute of fill H1-4.5m Slurry schist 25870.0 4 K342+000-K365+000 Catchment 15* concrete 3120 5 K365+000-K380+OOO Side ditches Slurry schist 17520 Total 206134 3120 * Highway Greening Highway greening involves slope grass plantation, greening of toe, border, interchanges and median dividers. Greening is also a means of water and soil conservancy. The amount of greening within right-of-way is presented in Table 3-3. Considering water and soil conservancy, requirements of highway greening are as follows: Within the right-of-way all areas except pavement and other permanent structures will be planted with trees and grasses. Site-specific species will be chosen for plantation. Suitable species are poplar, elm, willow and some other arbors. Some other plants that have properties to conserve water and soil will also be planted. 65 C. Control Measures against Wind Erosion Wind erosion occurs mainly at borrow sites. Besides, vegetation damage during construction phase should also receive special attention. The following are the mitigation measures against wind erosion: * Land control Borrow area should be located at centralized sites. The slope of cut should be gentle enough to avoid soil erosion. On completion of the project, temporary land should be cleared up for rehabilitation * Measures against desertification of soil The 16 borrow sites are proposed to be located at hilly areas. Owing to the fact that it is very fry and windy, it is difficult to restore vegetation in a short time after excavation for borrow. Therefore, the following measures are expected to take to prevent soil desertification: Straw squares will be placed. After clearing up, borrow sites and other temporary sites will be placed with straw squares to stop deserticating at these areas because of wind erosion. Grasses will be planted. In straw squares grass seeds will be sown that resist drought, tolerate poor and barren soil and resist wind. D. Implementation Management of Water and Soil Conservancy Plans (1). Management Measures The Freeway Company (High-speed Highway Headquarter) and its branch agencies of Inner Mongolia are responsible for the implementation of the plans. Their responsibilities are: to have the construction drawings designed; to identify design requirements in tender as contract; to strengthen monitoring and supervision in construction management. Environmental personnel and technicians will participate in acceptance. In operation, full-time staff will be in charge of water and soil conservancy in routine and maintenance work. (2). Technical measures Traits of technicians and their awareness of environmental protection will be integrated in inviting tender. The construction supervisors should know their jobs very well in water and soil conservancy. Both the employers and contractors will set aside enough funding for personnel training, monitoring and investigation E. Summary Enough protection works and complete drainage works will be installed for the embankment of Laoyemiao to Jining Highway. To meet the requirements in this statement, the subgrade protection design of sections of week geology (K3 1 9-K325) will be paid particular attention. On completion of the project, greening should be done within the highway right-of-way, at borrow sites and other temporary sites for restoration of vegetation including reclamation and rehabilitation. By doing so, the erosion resulting from construction can be reduced by 50-60%. In 3-5 years of operation, the erosion intensity will be restored to the original levels due to the greening project and complete facilities. As time passes by, the vegetation along the route will grow healthily and densely, thus the erosion will be alleviated greatly. As a result, the ecological environment will be improved. 66 Based on the above analysis, we can conclude that the project will not have any uncontrollable environmental problems of soil erosion on condition that all mentioned protection works are implemented as required. 67 Annex 4: Estimated Cost on Environmental Protection 1. LAOYEMIAO-JINING HIGHWAY Table4-1 Estimated Nonrecurring Cost for Environmental Protection Cost Phase EP measures Amount (10000 Sources Executors Notes _ _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~yuan) Design 1. Design of EP 40 Initial cost Unit for kxk&E EP Bgwr designers * 2. EP Plan in design (Table 12-2) Project I______ designers 3. Subgrade protection (Table6-15) 3848112 4014.707 7 3 m - b 4. Drainage 206194 3177.44 0 o Constr m3 _ uction 5. Greening trees 85676.8 25.7 grasses 350655m2 351.00 Project cost 6. Water spraying at construction sites 140 7 Waste water evaporation tanks 5 8. Mufflers for materials 22 9 Septic tanks (I for each section) 12 5 l O.Garbage treatment at construction 8 campus II .Safety signals and waming lights 10 12.Clearing up of temporary land use 1681.1 150 (Table6-15) mu 13.Protection and rehabilitation of vegetation 14.Resettlement (Table4-7) 10 25.00 Contingenc IMCD 25000 yuan EP house y cost or Contracto /household project 15.trees plantation for reducing noise IOX500 5.0 project cost rs 10 yuanrm2 (Table 4-7) ae 16. .septic tanks at service centers 2 10.00 Civil 50000 engineering yuan/place 17 septic tanks at administrative sections 7 10.5 cost 15000 and toll stations yuan/place 18 b banut ; Anfin =*m 6 6.00 10000 ardti3 $iE -qayuan/place 19. greening within right-of-way(Table5-6) 524.468 262.23 Project cost IMCD 5000 ma Contracto suan/mu 20. Straw squares at locations of temporary 4838.29 241.66 rs 500 land use Ivyuan/mu 21.environmental monitoring during 10.00 project CDIM 10000 construction (Tablel2-5) cost EPBIM yuan/a 22.EP management during construction 10.00 23.Monitoring during operation 25.0 Maintenance EPBIM or 15000 (Tablel2-6) cost IMCD yuan/a ; o 24.Management during operation 25 25000yuan/a i 25.Maintenance of EP facilities 40 40000 yuan/a 26. Personnel training 42.00 IMCD Total / 8641.237 0.815% o.fthe totalcost(excluding (excluding subgrade cost) /1449.09 subgrade and drainage cost) 68 II.HNIP Roads Table 4-3 EP Measure Investnient Estitnate (Unlit:)X 1 04RMB) rlutade to Zhuozishai to Kebuer to EBailinmiao to Tumuertai to No Measures Anve ILiangcheng T3aivinchagan Xilamuren Shuangdu NVater and soil I S5(1Ikm 92(2.km) 70(1/ km) 82(1 m) 55.4(1 ikm) conlservaney 2 Land restoration 68(0.81km) 38.4(0.81km) 56(0.8lkm) 65.6(0.81km) 44.3(0.8/km) Measures to prevenit 3 -1.5 3.0 -4.5 noise 4 Attorestation 85(I/km) 38-4(0.81km) 70(1 /km) 65.6(0.8,1km) 55.4(1/km) 5 Equ ipmcnt 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 6 Personnel Training t0 10 to 10 10 7 Iotal 263.2 185.5 233.2 238.4 184.8 69 Annex 5: Environmental Monitoring Plan I. LAOYEMIAO-JINING HIGHWAY Table 5-la Environmental Monitoring Plan for Construction Phase (2002-2004) items Locations noise Ambient air Surface water Notes Managers and and stations Construction dust TSP COD, SS, monitors boundary noise Oil, pH Gaomiaozi i V Lager villages near I.EP Office of K285+450 the route IMCD Dajing V V / 2.Environmental Village monitoring K333+300 stations of Bawang 4 Bawang river is the leagues River recommended as 3.EPB of Inner water resources to Mongolia will be protected by be informed of WWF. the results of Yinzi River 4 Rivers and monitoring K279+880 Tributary of the Yongding River construction 4 V camps, borrow pits, J quarries, temporally used lands, haulage roads I. noise one day monthly. 2-3 times a day and/or ad hoc Frequencies 2 dust: once a month or depends and 3. TSP: 4 times a year, 2-3 days in succession a time; sampling is done according requirements to intemational standards 4. Surface water: 2 times a year, I day continuously; background levels will be monitored one month prior to commencement of construction. 5. Construction sections, major hauling roads and materials sites will be monitored ad hoc Note: " 4" stands for items monitored (same below). Table 5-lb Environmental Monitoring Plan for Operation Phase (2004-2024) Monitoring locations Management and monitoring institutions Gaomiaozi Dajing Village Items and frequencies scrvice Dagong school center Ysnzi Gaomiaozi Erxiaxian River Dajing Village Bajing villae borrow pits Bayintala IMEPB and local Bawang township monitoring stations River Yiwutang Bashixiang Village Noise(Leq) V _ Air (NO2. TSP) VJ Scwage discharge 4 __ Surface water (Oil, COD,rs SS, pH) 70 II. HN[P Table 5-2a Environmental Monitoring Plan ( Noise) Ph:Mase Road Monitoring Items Frequency Duration Sapniling Institutions Sponsor _____ _____ _____ _____ L ocation tjime _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50m ranige N%ith Various schools, hospitals . Monitoring Project Subproject and residential day Stations Office o area Xingjian. fluade-Anye Liushiqin. Xijiaying village Zhuozishan- Xiqianhaao high school, Liangcheng Shansurn. 1-longpan high I T, school. Kebuer- Shengli elementary v r l BaiyingChagan school, _ 2/Year Mvonitoring -. Sandaogou a Stations elementarv school Z Bailininiao- Erdul Xilarnuren Saiwusu. Shibao Nijingzi school, .urnier ~ Xijin_zi Cliniel. Shangduelta Xilingzi Shangdn Vocational school. Dunanfung_schiool ______________________________________ Table 5-2b Environmental Monitoring Plan (Air quality) Moniloringa Phase Road Items Frequency Duration Sampling time lnstitutions Sponsor l.ocation Limc blending , Various Monitoring Project & unfinished T SP raiidom I day Construction Subproject Stalions Office - ~~~~~~~~road I.iushiqin Huade-Anve Villa,ge .7.huozishan- Shainsumu_Z,. ILiangeheng 7:00 o r Kcbhuer- Hlongpan high NOx B 10:00 , Baiyingchagan school CO P . 14:00 Baillinmiao- Saiwusu 18:00 Xilamuren to Tumn.erta i.-- Xijingzi high ShldilgL school 71