-- -s LOtV - 'T pr'uIPr ry 1- X -. ' a aN-. --. mlCl * p 1 O - . - E I _ -- _ (rrm mu A. i. ..SwS.... .- aw a- - -U IPP314 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Project Context 8 2. Assessment Framework and Methodology 10 3. Limitations of the Study 10 4. Social Issues and Risk 11 5. Stakeholder Analysis 20 6. Institutional Arrangements 52 7. Gallery of Good Practices 55 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) List of Tables Table 1 Social Issues Matrix, Core A Projects Table 2 Social issues Matrix, Sample Core B Projects Table 3 Stakeholders Analysis Matrix Table 4 Analytical Matrix of Stakeholder Influence Table 5 Matrix of Stakeholder Interests Table 6 Stakeholder Category Table 7 IP Category Table 8 Gallery of Good Practices List of Annexes: Annex 1 Detailed Methodology Annex 2 Rapid Appraisal Documentation Annex 3 IEE Checklist for Individual Core A NIS Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan for PIDP Annex 5 RPF Framework Annex 6 Indigenous Peoples Framework List of Attachments Attachment 1 Map of Core A NISs Attachment 2 Map of Core B NISs Attachment 3 Bodong Document (Pagta) Attachment 4 NCIP Certification Attachment 5 Census of UCRIS Informal Settlers Attachment 6 Memo of Engr. John Socalo (Superintendent, UCRIS) to Victoria Florian S. Lazaro (WB Social Safeguard Specialist) Attachment 7 Draft Covenant Euroestudios S.L. Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) LIST OF ACRONYMS AAIS Apayao-Abulug Irrigation System ADSDPP Ancestral Domains Sustainable Development and Protection Plan AFMA Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act APL Adaptable Program Lending ARIS Agos River Irrigation System ATO Air Transportation Office BIR Bureau of Internal Revenue BIS Batutu Irrigation System BRIS Banurbur River Irrigation System CADC Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CAR Cordillera Administrative Region CBFM Community-Based Forest Management CENRO Community Environment and Natural Resources Officer CEZA Cagayan Export Zone Authority CIA Council of Irrigators' Association CiS Communal Irrigation System CIS Colocol Irrigation System CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan COB Current Operating Budget CPMO Central Project Management Office DA Department of Agriculture DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DOH Department of Health DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways DRIS Dummun River Irrigation System ECC Environmental Clearance Certificate EcoGov Project Ecological Governance Project EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement System EMA Environmental Monitoring and Assessment EMB Environmental Management Bureau EGF Emergency Guarantee Fund EMF Environmental Management Fund EMO Environmental Management Officer EMoP Environmental Monitoring Plan EMS Environmental Management Section EO Executive Order EU Environmental Unit FFS Farmer's Field School FGD Focus Group Discussions FIA Federation of Irrigator's Association FPIC Free and Prior Informed Consent FTS Farmers Training School GAD Gender and Development GOCC Government-Owned and Controlled Corporation GMA Ginintuang Masaganang Ani GOP Government of the Philippines GRP Gender Responsive Planning Ha Hectare Hg Mercury HVCs High Value Crops Euroestudios S.L. 2 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) HYV High Yielding Variety IA Irrigator's Association IDD Institutional Development Department ICCs Indigenous Cultural Communities IDO Institutional Development Officer IEE Initial Environmental Examination IEC Information, Education and Communications IEWMD Interim Environment and Watershed Management Division IISO Integrated Irrigation Service Office IMO Irrigation Management Office IMT Irrigation Management Transfer InF Informal Settlers IOSPII Irrigation Operations Support Project-lI IP Indigenous People IPRA Indigenous People Rights Act IPM Integrated Pest Management IRA Internal Revenue Allotment IRR Implementing Rules and Regulations IS Irrigation Superintendent ISy Irrigation System ISF Irrigation Service Fee ISG Irrigation Service Group ISIP Irrigation Systems Improvement Project ISO Irrigation Systems Office JICA Japanese International Cooperation Agency JSM Joint System Management KFI Key Informants Interview Kg Kilogram LARIP Land Acquisition Resettlement Implementation Plan LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan LGU Local Government Unit LIPA List of Irrigated and Planted Area LOU Letter of Understanding LRIS Lupon River Irrigation System MAO Municipal Agriculture Office MDC Municipal Development Council M& E Monitoring and Evaluation MENRO Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Officer MMT Multipartite Monitoring Team MOA Memorandum of Agreement MPDC Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator MARIS Maranding River Irrigation System MRIS Mallig River Irrigaton System MRIIS Magat River Integrated Irrigation System Mt Metric Ton MTWG Multisectoral Technical Working Group NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NIA National Irrigation Administration NIS National Irrigation System NISO National Irrigation System Office NPC National Power Corporation NV Nueva Vizcaya NV-BIS Nueva Vizcaya- Bagabag Irrigation System O &M Operation and Maintenance Euroestudios S.L. 3 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) OFWs Overseas Filipino Workers PAMB Protected Area Management Board PAO Provincial Agriculture Office PAP Project Affected Person PAF Project Affected Family PASSO Provincial Assessors Office PCAO Provincial Cooperative Affairs Office PDD Project Development Department PHILRICE Philippine Rice Institute PHRD Policy and Human Resources Department PIDP Participatory Irrigation Development Project PIMO Provincial Irrigation Management Office PlO Provincial Irrigation Office PIS Pump Irrigation System PMO Project Management Office POW Program of Work PRIS Pinacanauan River Irrigation system PSC Project Screening Committee RA Republic Act RAP Resettlement Action Plan RCPC Regional Crop Protection Center RFU Regional Field Unit RIO Regional Irrigation Office RIS River Irrigation System ROW Right of Way ROWM Right of Way Management Committee RP Rationalization Plan RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SA Social Assessment S.A. Service Area SEC Securities and Exchange Commission SIESTA Serbisyo Epektibo Para sa Tao SMAD Systems Management and Agriculture Division SMD Systems Management Department SMT Systems Management Training SPA Seed Production Area SPAF Special Project Affected Families SPISP Southern Philippines Irrigation Sector Project THIRIS Tigman-Hinagyanan-Inarihan River Irrigation System TOR Terms of Reference TSA Turnout Service Area TSAG Turn-Out Service Area Group TSP Total Suspended Particulate TSS Total Suspended Solids UCRIS Upper Chico River Irrigation System VIS Visitacion Irrigation System WB World Bank WRDP Water Resources Development Project WRFT Water Resources Facilities Technician ZRIS Zinundungan River Irrigation System Euroestudios S.L. 4 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) SOCIAL ASSESSMENT (SA) REPORT PROPOSED PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (PIDP) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The National Irrigation Administration (NIA) of the Philippine Government has positioned a proposed project to institute policy and institutional reforms in the provision of public irrigation services. This initiative is contained in the Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) and shall serve as the new vehicle to bring changes in the sector. In its entirety, the project would catalyze the replacement of common practices in the operation and management of irrigation systems with water resource-optimizing technologies and an enhanced role for farmer-users under cost-efficient NIA-IA partnership under NIA's Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) Program. To sustain this desired reform, PIDP is envisioned to (1) effect institutional change empowering the irrigation water users, (2) optimize irrigation potentials through restoration rehabilitation and improvement of existing NISs and CISs, construction of additional and new irrigation facilities and structures, augmentation of water supply and other relevant measures that would ensure sustainability, and (3) institutional strengthening of NIA, lAs and LGUs towards sustainable O&M of irrigation systems and through participatory approach 2. Three (3) major components will be undertaken to achieve the desired reform. These include: a) irrigation development that will optimize irrigation potentials through restoration/rehabilitation and improvement of existing NISs and CISs, construction of additional and new irrigation facilities and structures, augmentation of water supply, and other measures that would ensure sustainability. Physical rehabilitation activities include repairs of dam structures, installation of gates and structures, concreting/repair of canal linings, repair/construction of canal and drainage structures, raising of canal embankments, construction of settling basin, construction of protection dikes, road repair and desilting; b) institutional development component is geared towards strengthening and sustenance of Irrigators Associations (lAs). and c) equipment procurement component intends to provide support to the various activities specified under the different components. 3. The Proposed World Bank financing package consists of Phase 1 of three (3) Phases. Phase 1 shall cover 58 National Irrigation Systems (NIS) for rehabilitation and improvement. . These consist of 14 Core A and 44 Core B NISs Classification between Core A and Core B NIS was based on the nature of rehabilitation and modernization needs of the systems. Core A NIS will receive priority interventions in terms of "major" physical rehabilitation works due to the deteriorating status in the absence of major repair works done within the past 10 years, and to restore the system operability and sustainability of the systems while Core B NIS will be subjected to "minor" physical repair works being the recipients of recent rehabilitation works under previous foreign-assisted and special projects like the World Bank-assisted Second Irrigation Operations Support Project (IOSP II) and Water Resources Development Project (WRDP) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB)-assisted Second Irrigation Systems Improvement Project (ISIP II) and one locally funded, El Nino mitigation. For Core B NISs, PIDP interventions are viewed for sustenance purposes that are mainly intended to rectify or improve 0 & M and efficiency. 4. Integral to the PIDP project preparation is the conduct of a parallel social assessment as one of the requirements of the donor institution as well as the Philippine Government. Euroestudios S.L. 5 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) With the diverse socio-cultural (and stakeholder) milieu that characterizes its operating environment, it is expected that the project will largely appeal to the benefit side. On the other hand, there might be social issues sufficient enough to call attention to appropriate social safeguards. The social assessment was done within the period June 19 - August 14, 2006 by Euroestudios, S.L. 5. The 14 Core A NISs are geographically distributed in 6 regions with a combined service area of 54,097 hectares that is expected to expand to 63,587 hectares after PIDP-1 6. The assessment covered the entire set of 14 Core A projects and sampled nine (9) Core B Projects, distributed into 4 systems in Region 2 and five systems in Region 6 and Region 8. . The 14 Core A NISs are geographically distributed in 6 regions with a combined service area of 54,097 hectares that is expected to expand to 63,587 hectares after PIDP-1 7. Since the assessment caught up towards the tail-end of the project document preparation, time constraints have limited the study to the application of participatory rapid appraisal combining (1) Key Informants Interview, (2) Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and (3) walk throughs. . Site assessments in each individual system were limited from June 19 to July 8 (including transit time) to cover the 18 NIS systems. More in-depth interviews with other stakeholders and detailed system-specific social diversity analyses were not done. A more detailed assessment is appropriate in the future during the first year of implementation to establish specific baseline information on various parameters. The consultation process involved the major stakeholders of Irrigators Association (lAs), NIA Staff at the national, regional and system levels, and the local government units (LGUs). In some cases, representatives from national government agencies (NGAs) including NCIP, DOH, DENR and tribal leaders were included. 8. The assessment was oriented towards assessing the magnitude, extent, importance and special social sensitivity of the receptor systems to the proposed PIDP interventions, particularly as it relates to potential impacts on involuntary resettlement, impacts of the NIA rationalization plan and impacts to Indigenous Peoples. In drawing the desired social impacts for the project, the assessment was trained towards identifying and analyzing outstanding and recurring themes and issues. Among these, include the issue of informal settlements, which occur in varying scales in 10 of the 14 Core A Projects. THIRIS, MRIS, Maranding and UCRIS show indications of strong presence and activities of informal settlers. Their activities have aggravated the conditions of the canal systems, as these are used for sewage and solid waste disposal as well. The existing WRDP framework is deemed insufficient to deal with the case of informal settlers, as it has only been designed on land acquisitions for new canal systems. This probably explains why NIA anticipates that no involuntary settlement will take place. However, current realities seem to point to the need to reform the existing framework, so that social safeguards can be devised and installed early in the implementation stage. The assessment anticipates that engineering measures may not be sufficient in neutralizing the presence of informal settlers within the easements of the main and lateral canal systems. 9. The assessment found that the issue of IA participation takes a different complex, particularly when ranged against the implementation of the Irrigation Management Transfer Scheme and the NIA rationalization plan. It is predicted that such currents, will initially create social imbalances among the IA members Reforming and modernizing system management will create new management responsibilities, to which some lAs may not be adequately prepared to respond to. However, there are systems whose lAs show indications that they Euroestudios S.L. 6 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) could adapt well to the new management environment. Critical to the lAs ability to adapt is the rationalization plan's impact on the phasing out of the Institutional Development Officer. This will create a vacuum in the capacity building process for the IA, most of whom are viewed to be ill prepared to assume responsibility for full management. Given that there are different typologies of Stakeholders: lAs, Indigenous Peoples, Informal Settlers, Local Government Units and NGAs (NCIP, DENR), calls for differential strategies on participation. PIDP should endeavor to link the system to the priority watersheds identified by DENR, while new rules of engagement on consultations with IP command areas will have to be drawn with NCIP, following the agency's programmatic processes as a template for action. The participation of local government units, will have to be engaged in the resolution of the issue of informal settlements, including policy and programmatic assistance in dealing with sewage and solid waste disposal in canals that endanger public health and safety. The Irrigator Association will have to be a major interest party in the negotiations for the resolution of the informal settlement issue. 10. The theme and issue of Indigenous Peoples takes some interesting features in the Upper Chico River Irrigation System. Even if the coverage of the Ancestral Domain claim has still to be validated, the presence of the Kalinga tribes in different turn-out areas presents a special interest case. Tribal relations and dynamics in the legitimate IP area extend to adjoining areas which may no longer be part of the ancestral claim. Still, the assessment considers that the situation may warrant the conduct of processes for the IPs exercise of Free and Prior Informed Consent, considering that the same IPs control the watersheds that support the system. The case of Batutu and Lupon Irrigation Systems will require extended analysis since the IP question, occurs immediately outside the systems. There are however claims which have not been corroborated by NCIP by some IP groups over areas traversed by the system, which are part of the domain claim. The assessment finds that the PIDP should endeavor to engage the NCIP, DENR and the local government in ensuring that the exercise of the FPIC of the Mandaya IP on mining applications, will also consider downstream impacts to the irrigation system. Unless this is done early, social tensions and conflicts may erupt between the lowland lAs and the upland IPs. 11. Local Governance is an emerging field for IA participation. Over the years, most of the lAs, with the intercession of their Irrigation Service Organization, have achieved LGU accreditation and actively participate in the Municipal Development Councils. Some lAs have chosen to broaden their governance arena to include participation in PAMBs (TRIS, PRIS) and Citizens groups like Task Force Kalikasan. The extent to which most of the lAs have linked with their local government units, presents an encouraging condition for LGU involvement in the PIDP's farmer participation component. The popular mode of partnership engagement takes the form of a tripartite memorandum of agreement. This provides a semblance of formal stewardship to the LGUs, enabling them to extend multi-year assistance to the lAs and the system. 12. Gender and Development (GAD) is not mainstreamed at the intermediate level (NIA), as well as the Field Level. The lack of awareness is indicated by the disproportionately low membership participation of women in the Irrigators Associations. There are systems however, who have shown conscious integration of GAD concerns at the Field level and these could be sources of best practice learnings for other systems. 13. The Project can find useful guides from the gallery of good practices that were found to be working in some systems. This innovative management practices has helped the lAs respond to opportunities and overcome resource limitations. Euroestudios S.L. 7 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) SOCIAL ASSESSMENT (SA) REPORT PROPOSED PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT (PIDP) PROJECT 1. Project Context 14. The Participatory Irrigation Development Project is a sector-wide reform program of the government for irrigation management and development in the Philippines. Given the complexity and the web of factors that have barred workable solutions in the past, government sees the need to approach the situation through simultaneous strategies to address weak aspects of corporate management and program performance. The PIDP seeks to provide the NIA with support for a comprehensive and step-wise plan to remedy corporate management issues along with the desired improvements in its program strategy. 15. The PIDP basically aims to support the goal of government to achieve sustainable growth of the rural sector through agricultural modernization and competitiveness of agri- based enterprises. The national government provides irrigation services through the National Irrigation Administration whose programs have for the past four decades focused on increasing cropping intensity in rice-growing areas. 16. The government places high priority to the development of the rice industry in the Philippines. Under the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan for 2004-2010, government adopted agribusiness development as a major strategy whose goals include "...mak(ing) food plentiful at competitive prices where the cost of priority "wage goods" such as rice, sugar, vegetables, poultry, pork and fish and other important non-wage goods like corn must be reduced. This also means that government will continue to fight for self- sufficiency in rice production by increasing price and production efficiency and competitiveness." Project Objectives 17. PIDP has three broad objectives comprising the main elements of the desired changes in the public irrigation sector: These objectives stated in terms of results are as follows: kThe technical operating performance of all national irrigation systems is optimized and close the gap between their design service areas and actual irrigated area; lIrrigator's associations are effectively engaged to perform O&M responsibilities in accordance with appropriate public-private partnership arrangements for irrigation systems kNIA gains organizational strength and sound financial position to support its central role in public irrigation development. Project Components 18. There are to be three components, namely (i) Physical infrastructure improvement and sustenance, (ii) Policy instruments and institutional development for improved Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) in O&M, and (iii) Organizational and financial corporate strengthening. Euroestudios S.L. 8 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) > Infrastructure Development largely consists of civil works for the rehabilitation of fourteen (14) identified Core A NISs and sustenance of 44 Core B NISs. Development support is also provided under each system to assist farmers develop and improve their farming systems and strengthen their organizations for effective performance of their O&M responsibilities under the NIA-IA partnership contract. Implementation of this component will be managed and supervised by the Engineering and Operation Sector at the Central Office. Field operations will be undertaken by their counterparts in the Regional Irrigation Offices (RIO) and Irrigation Management Offices (IMO) under the structure to be set up under the Rationalization Plan. The World Bank loan will provide project-type investment financing for this component. Aside from the civil works, World Bank funding will also cover costs of acquiring equipment for O&M of these systems. > Institutional Development Under the PIDP, government will adopt a unified and improved strategy for Irrigation Management Transfer or NIA-IA partnership arrangements by integrating good practices of past projects, addressing the observed policy issues and fusion of the prevailing rules into a single set of coherent policies. This second component is to build capacity and support limited field implementation of the NIA Board-ratified policy framework, implementing guidelines and contractual arrangements for 58 NISs identified for Phase 1 infrastructure component. World Bank funding will cover the cost of packaging, dissemination and training on new field manuals for lAs, NIA irrigation supervisors, RIO and IMO staff, especially their institutional development officers. Funding will also be provided for enhancing central office-based support systems for IMT such as legal services, monitoring and evaluation and information systems development. The lead implementing units for this activity will be the Institutional Development Division and the Operations Department under the Engineering and Operations Sector. At the RIO level, the activities will be coordinated through the Operations, Institutional and Equipment Section which provides technical guidance for the work of Irrigation Development Officers (IDO) and the Water Resources Facilities Technician (WRFT) at the level of the Irrigation Management Office and at the level of the irrigation system. > Equipment Procurement will provide the needed support for the above components leading to the institutionalization of the Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) and conduct of O&M activities. 19. The assessment of social impacts of the proposed PIDP Project is an essential requisite to developing responsive project interventions. Thus, at the outset, outstanding and recurring issues, have to be identified and given equal attention as with other aspects of pre project analysis and design. These are integral to any serious attempt to install operative social measures and safeguards to ensure that social tensions and torsions can be mitigated. While the social assessment of the lAs in relation to the IMT has been well elucidated in the project document, little is known about the potential social impacts of the project in relation to stock issues of involuntary resettlement, indigenous people's rights and NIA's rationalization plan. There are systems which carry special sensitivities to such issues and these have to be properly characterized, if indeed, they fall within the special categories of systems bearing the social triggers for social mitigation. Euroestudios S.L. 9 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 20. The minimum outcomes of the assessment are: (1) to determine whether civil works will trigger right-of-way and involuntary resettlement and whether the existing WB framework is adequate to respond to such impacts, (2) to capture indigenous people's issues and the impacts that the project will bring, and finally, (3) to give a better understanding of the social and cultural factors of participation relative to the prospect of Irrigators Associations (lAs) assuming management of system facilities and operations under the IMT Program. 2. Assessment Framework and Methodology 21. Social Assessment is a process which provides an integrated and participatory framework for prioritizing, gathering, analyzing and using operationally relevant social information. It utilizes five entry points, namely: social diversity and gender, stakeholders, institutions, participation and social risk 22. To generate the minimum set of ground information, the assessment team adopted the combined application of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informants Interviews (KFIs) using semi-structured interviews, with various stakeholder groups that included NIA (national, regional, and system levels), LGUs (municipal and barangay), NCIP, tribal leaders and lAs/FIAs. Following each FGD and stakeholder consultation meetings, a walk-through of each system was done where continuing interviews were undertaken. Desk research was done to review the operative policy and legal framework on Indigenous peoples, involuntary settlement, Gender and Development and Farmer Participation. The purpose was to ensure the adequacy of policy and legal grounds to support proposed social measures. On the other hand, the review was also done to identify gaps in existing policies in order that reform measures can be proposed particularly on Bank guidelines on Land Resources Acquisition. 23. Analytically, the social assessment was undertaken to determine the presence, magnitude and importance of social triggers within the current set of social realities. These are revealed in issues affecting patterns of interactions within both the internal and external operating system setting. It also includes describing and analyzing issues underlying formal and informal relationships, resulting from such interactions, and the perceptions of such relationships among various groups in a social setting such as the irrigation system. The social assessment is oriented towards defining specifically triggers for social safeguard policies particularly on involuntary resettlement and IP and the potential effects of the NIA Rationalization. The impact assessment is drawn with a conscious consideration of the World Bank's principles of inclusion, empowerment and security. The analyses is focused on four major social triggers. a. Indigenous Peoples Rights and Welfare b. Informal Settlers and Involuntary Resettlement c. NIA Rationalization Plan d. Participation - knowledge, attitudes, and skills of lAs vis-a-vis- IMT 3. Limitations of the Study 24. Ordinarily, more structured forms of assessment like questionnaire surveys would have been utilized for primary data gathering. However, extraordinary circumstances required the use of creative methods, as time would not be sufficient for the preparation and use of structured instruments in the field survey. A checklist of information needed was forwarded in advance to NIA for dissemination to the systems to be studied. Quick and Euroestudios S.L. 10 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) efficient tools were used such as triangulated Focused Group Discussions (FGDs), and Key Informants interview accompanied by Direct and Studied Observations from walk throughs in each individual system. Originally, the sample NIS for the study has been set at 8 Core A and 18 Core B NIS (including 5 NIS in the Visayas) on the premise that the completed post implementation evaluation studies conducted by WRDP with its subprojects can be used for this Social Assessment (SA). However, the evaluation studies were no longer available for the team's perusal. To compensate for the shortfall in the sampling size of the Core B systems, a complete assessment was done for the Core a NIS. The conduct of field activities for the Social Assessment (SA) was already completed when the SA team had its meeting with the WB team where an amendment on the number of samples was recommended. However, time constraints did not allow the team to undertake additional field assessments. However, key informants interview were held on August 1 with the IDD staff of Regions 6 and 8 regarding the original target of 5 Core B NIS. The respondent IDDs volunteered however that there are no potential issues on involuntary settlement nor are there concerns related to Indigenous peoples. At the end, 14 Core A NISs and 9 Core B NIS were included in the review for the SA. To further enrich the information needed to draw a more accurate picture of the IP situation, a follow-through FGD and KI was conducted in UCRIS on August 14, 2006. The Participants profile included a more evenly distributed sub- tribe representation, which included leaders of the Kalinga Bodong Congress. The exercise provided the basis for the design of the proposed IP Framework. 25. The level of detail contained in the assessment, are based from the views and information collegially shared by various stakeholders and key informants at the national composed of NIA (national, regional, provincial and system levels), IA, LGU (municipal and barangay) and community levels during the course of the rapid assessment. The assessment did not adequately ascertain the exact figures of informal settlers, except for UCRIS, where a more accurate documentation was available. The information generated from the field only gave indicative numbers, which may not be reliable, considering overlapping tenurial arrangements in known jurisdictional areas of the system. 4. Social Issues and Risks 26. The interplay of a number of key social issues deserve careful examination, as these bear important and serious risks, to the long term viability of some of the 14 Core A projects (Table 1). Among the key issues that will require major safeguards, include ancestral domain claims within the system. A collateral issue which deserves extended attention is the control which the IPs exercise over the upstream water sources of the affected systems. Another equally important issue is the existence of informal settlements within the canal system. While the problem seem to be prevalent to Core A systems such as UCRIS and THRIS, one Core B project sampled, also has its share of the informal settlement problem. The presence of such issues in some areas, provide sufficient triggers for the design and implementation of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The system administration in the MRIIS-District IV, however, has taken appropriate representations with the local government to settle the problem. The issue of Right of Way acquisition appears to be an isolated case. The Batutu Irrigation System Office still has to fully ascertain if there are indeed areas which will be the subject of ROW acquisition in the 1,200 hectare expansion area. The issue has not been raised in earlier discussions with various stakeholders. The prevailing social issues in Core A and Core B NISs have been summarized respectively in Tables 1 and 2. Euroestudios S.L. 11 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveQer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 1. Social Issues Prevailing in Core A NISs Social Issues/Core A ARIS AAIS BIS BRIS NV-BIS DRIS LRIS NIS Spread of Dispersed At least 15 HH Informal settlements of less mostly with Settlements than 10 permanent households(displaced structures along by the 2004 floods) canal easements and protection structure of the Tagugpo Intake Right of Way Possible Location of Acquisition acquisition settling basin will (ROW) requirements require widening involving of embankment unspecified covered by private cultivated areas to property be part. of canal zone Ancestral Unvalidated claims Domain Claims by tribal leader Inside System over a specific Area section of the canal system Encroachment natural at least 400 Five utility of Structures drainage meters of lateral structures located and Waterways ways canal encroached on protection dike converted to upon by ATO- of Tagugpo intake rice Bagabag Airport production Control of water source of head waters of watershed of Portions of the Water Source Pudtol and Flora Batutu river under the Dummun Sumlog river by IP Intake under Mandaya CADT river, under watershed Communities ancestral domain and ADSDPP the Agta covered by of Isnegs CADC Mandaya CADC Euroestudios S.L. 12 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveQer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Social IssueslCore A ARIS AAIS BIS BRIS NV-BIS DRIS LRIS N IS_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Weak uncontrolled wallowing of enforcement of disposal of solid carabaos regulations waste in the result to Solano section, scouring of resulting to canal periodic flooding embankments affecting close to 20 has. In the Tuao Service area Spread of Water-borne Diseases Exposure to IA members blame High Risk the high risk and System unregulated crop protection practices of Commercial Seed Producing Companies to intensification of pest and disease incidence in crop production areas Use of Irrigation Water for Domestic Use Opposition from At least 20 CIS CIS users users refuse to be covered by the rehabilitation works Euroestudios S.L. 13 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove#er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table I Social Issues Affecting Core A NISs (continued) Social Mallig IS MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS VIS ZRIS Issues/Core A NISs Spread of A colony of 15 At least 200 High density Informal families resettled Households settlement of Settlements some 30 meters documented to informal from the set back be occupying settlers along of main canal easements of I the easement approaching the the main and of the Bulanao Calao Intake lateral canals main canal structure section Right of Way Acquisition (ROW) Ancestral Domain Claims Inside System Area . Encroachment Section of lateral Portion of lateral of Structures canal encroached canal in the Lalla upon by section fenced by a residential colony of five establishments households Control of System has no Watershed System unable Head waters of Watershed of The system is at Water Source by functional supporting to address the Upper the Palawig the receiving end IP Communities involvement in the irrigation system deterioration of Chico river reduced to of the or Migrant management of the under open Calabanga Watershed open access downstream Settlers Salog river access watershed under the conditions and impacts of the watershed conditions Ancestral utilized for degradation of resulting to Domain of swidden the Zinudungan uncontrolled different tribes cultivation by Valley watershed forest conversion migrant settlers Euroestudios S.L. 14 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove9 er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Social Mallig IS MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS VIS ZRIS Issues/Core A NISs Weak Unmitigated Uncontrolled System is Enforcement of wallowing of disposal of raw saddled by Regulations carabaos inside sewage, animal low collection canals stimulate of waste and solid efficiencies in schistosomiasis waste the Kalinga vector; disposal of Side raw sewage and solid waste Spread of Widespread Water-borne contamination of Diseases irrigation water within the canal system, resulting high systemic incidence of schistosomiasis Use of Irrigation Informal Water for settlements Domestic Use along the Bulanao section tapping on Irrigation water fro domestic use Opposition from CIS users Euroestudios S.L. 15 0 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove#er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 2. Social Issues Prevailing in Sample Core B NISs Social 1 Issues/Sample Core MRIIS-District IV SPIS SPCIS TRIS Jalaur Proper B Nis Spread of Informal Large portion of the Settlements Echague section claimed by informal settlers Right of Way Acquisition (ROW) Ancestral Domain Claims Inside System Area Encroachment of residential and Structures commercial establishments encroached into section of lateral canals Control of Water lAs unable to control Source by IP illegal logging and Communities! swidden cultivation in its Migrant settlers immediate watershed Weak Enforcement low collection efficiencies, low collection of Regulations high incidence of illegal efficiencies turn-outs and checking Spread of Water- borne Diseases Use of Irrigation Water for Domestic Use Opposition from CIS users Euroestudios S.L. lb6 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 27. The identification of outstanding and recurring issues affecting the different systems reveal a number of associated risks.. The safeguards therefore, must have to be carefully directed to manage the risks arising from such issues. a. Risks from Informal Settlements 28. It should be noted, that squatting on easements of main and lateral canals and encroachment of residential and institutional sites are increasingly becoming realities with the systems' environment. Some Core A Projects have to deal with this on a much wider scale than others. The ROW issues are limited only to the expansion areas of the Batutu System. However, in some other systems, canal zones have become open access areas for informal settlements. There is a probable risk that rehabilitation works will impinge on the precariously located settlements within Canal easements. The highly productive Magat and Mallig Irrigation Systems are no exceptions as sections of its respective lateral canal system have been encroached upon by residential and commercial establishments. The disruptive presence of illegal settlements within the canal easements is causing tensions between lAs and squatters. The civil and social engineering design of PIDP should take cognizance of mitigation measures to reduce risks to occupants close to the existing canals. 29. The dimensions of poverty: landlessness, joblessness, homelessness food insecurity, marginalization, morbidity and social disarticulation (Cernea, 1989) already exists in varying magnitudes and extent in and around some systems. Under existing guidelines, the affected Core A Projects may not present a scenario of displacement, considering no new canals will be constructed which will include right of way acquisition and compensation. However, the PIDP should take early measures in dealing with the occupants at the proper time, with agreed implementation framework with local authorities. Engineering designs and measures can for the meantime overcome some of the limitations created by informal settlements. b. External Risks 30. The infrastructure component of the PIDP may be compromised in the short term, if external risk factors are not fully ascertained. Some irrigation systems have special sensitivity to ex situ activities by external stakeholders. Compostela (Batutu) and Lupon NISs share histories of being receptors to mining activities. The mining applications to the Mandaya ancestral domain, is being viewed with increased wariness. Already, the systems have detected contamination of irrigation water by mercury (Hg), which may have come from the Diwalwal area in Monkayo. IPs and migrant swiddeners in watersheds where the systems are intimately linked are also seen as stakeholders whose activities have negative externalities. Such is the case in Apayao- Abulug and Dummun Systems, where upland swiddeners are seen to have accelerated soil erosion and sedimentation by their tillage and herbicide-intensive corn production systems. Quarry operators; represent another category, which affect the integrity of system structures. Quarry activities are being blamed for the accelerated exposure of the Siphon in the Maranding System. The diversion works in the Agos System intake structure is also vulnerable to illegal quarry operations. The operations of a hybrid rice seed producers , such as the S &L in Lupon System, is being held responsible for the unprecedented incidence of pest and diseases (e.g. rice blast) in the farmers food production areas. The farmers are alarmed by the high risk pest management practices which have triggered increase pest activity in the inbred production areas. The communal irrigator groups represented by the Colocol Irrigation System offer a special case. CIS officers have expressed alarm over the possible adverse effects of the rehabilitation Euroestudios S.L. 17 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) works to the communal system, as it may divert water from the communal sources. Some members have verbally expressed their refusal to be covered by NIA, considering that they still have access to the Colocol System. c. Organizational Risks 31. A good part of the social risks that the project may create centers essentially on the pressure on the IA to perform under limiting conditions of participation. The participation condition of the lAs coupled with the scale of effect of the NIA rationalization has to be understood to ensure that the IMT will have a reasonable chance of success. The capacity to absorb new responsibilities and carry it to desired levels of efficiency can be depicted in terms of a normal curve. There are systems whose capacity is skewed to the left, where lAs are inactive and many members are indifferent. In some instances, this happens in systems who have received generous support, in the past. In contrast, there are lAs who haven't had any decent level of support, but are showing greater interest and self-reliant actions. These are lAs, whose conditions are ripe for IMT, but are not given the attention they deserve. Skewed to the right are lAs, who have shown exceptional leadership and managerial skills in creatively running part of system operations and achieve sustained levels of system viability. 32. Most of the lAs fall under the middle range of the normal curve. This means that the capacity of the lAs to absorb IMT roles will require some levels of social preparation and organizational development support. At present, most lAs are not even aware of the repercussions of the proposed rationalization plan. The Jalaur IA in Iloilo will require special attention, since resistance to the IMT is expected, given the history of failed engagement in the past. 33. In Region 2, most of the lAs have had experiences in IMT/JSM and relatively are able to generate higher collection efficiencies (with the exception of Bagabag). Some were able to creatively and consistently source out funding support for operations and maintenance. These are fairly dependable indications that the lAs are properly positioned to absorb changes and the appurtenant responsibilities in the system. Early gains are expected from systems which have developed transparent and accountable processes. 34. The IP's absorptive capacity is largely unascertained, although they may require greater attention in the manner by which interventions are packaged and delivered. In the case of the Kalinga tribes, their knowledge, attitudes and practices will dictate their responses to the irrigation management transfer scheme. If it is any indication, the benchmark on collection efficiency of the Kalinga section is relatively low (53%) compared to the Quezon, Isabela section (82%). Implicitly, the absorptive capacity for IMT is still marginal and this will require more than the usual dose of capacity building. 35. Since the inception of the local government code, many LGUs have increasingly developed planning systems that allowed them to formulate comprehensive land use plans as guides to local development investment plans. A good number of them have established support systems, to help lAs and the system to cope with resource limitations. The unintended effect of the rationalization plan is the possible shift towards direct LGU assistance of IA and systems needs. The only obvious limitation is that LGUs do not exercise an ownership stake in the system. Thus, LGUs will continue to play a peripheral role, unless formal structures of engagement are developed and installed. Euroestudios S.L. 18 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) d. Management Risks arising from the Rationalization Plan (RP) 36. Clearly, NIA has the greatest interest in the development of the system, since its future corporate viability will depend on the success of the Rationalization Plan. NIA is envisaged to achieve organizational effectiveness in performing its core functions and responsibilities vis-a-vis the reduction of 42% of its personnel complement. This will however, call for tighter and refocused roles in system O&M, monitoring and evaluation. Variously, Core A projects have different levels of responses to the RP. Some of the projects are operating well below the approved plantilla level and will not be significantly pared down to size. There are systems however, such as in Tumauini, where 60% of the personnel will be retired, technically leaving a vacuum in operations management. The level of awareness of the lAs on the ramifications of the RP on system management remains sketchy. The uncertainties at the field level may have resulted from limited discussions with lAs on the serious implications of the plan. This explains the general anemic responses of the lAs as the information has not sufficiently filtered to enable them to form studied opinions. Nevertheless, most of the lAs expressed apprehension, given their current state. The internal governance capacity of most of the lAs will require deeper examination, as most cannot match the controlled system of accountability and predictable operating system of NIA. There are misgivings expressed by some NIA personnel on the capacity of the lAs to handle operations and management. This detracts from the perspective that given the space, necessity may force the lAs to firmly and creatively fill the management niche. Already, some lAs have demonstrated exceptional ability to mobilize its members and resources to respond to opportunities. 37. The "devolution" of management functions to the lAs, is not new in the public administration of resources. DENR in the 1980s launched the Integrated Social Forestry Program, allowing stewardship of public forest lands to forest occupants. This was subsequently followed by other community forestry projects that later evolved into the Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) program. At around the same period following the enactment of the New Local Government Code, some functions of the DENR were devolved to local government units. The central issue before and during these phases was the perceived lack of capacity of the receptor institutions to perform the responsibilities to satisfactory standards. Later experiences showed that experiment on stewardship has been gaining rewards, and these can be seen in the gallery of "Galing Pook' (Innovations and Excellence in Local Governance) awardees among progressive LGUs around the country. 38. A parallel situation can perhaps be drawn with the transfer of irrigation management to the lAs. While there is basis to say that rationalization may affect systems operation and management, the effect maybe short lived. Given sufficient time with coaching and technical assistance, the lAs can develop the right mix of knowledge, attitudes and practices (and tools) to run the system, incrementally to desired efficiency levels. 39. The capacity of NIA at the system level to absorb PIDP interventions will be severely tested as a result of the RP, unless the residual personnel are retooled to perform multi -role functions. A creative response could be to retrain the residual personnel such as the Water Master to acquire institutional development skills. He can perform a mission critical role since the function gives the Water Master greatest contact time among personnel with the farmers. NIA's capacity to deal with informal settlements and indigenous peoples rights will be stretched thinly with the RP. Euroestudios S.L. 19 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 40. The mainstreaming of Gender and Development (GAD) at the system level is almost non-existent. The only notable exception is in Tumauini System, where the IDO is a gender focal person. It is no understatement that there is a prevailing lack of awareness and sensitivity towards GAD concerns at the ISO and IA level. 41. It is in the best interest of NIA and the lAs to establish a structure for dialogue among different stakeholders whose interests actually and potentially impact on the system. While its mandate does not cover areas that fall within the legal and administrative domain of other agencies, the structure will nevertheless help bridge gaps .It is essential that such structure will provide the venue to build consensus for common grounds on environmental and social measures to safeguard against social and environmental risks. The results of the dialogues should be processed to determine the interests, stakes and the operative legal mandates of each of the actors involved. This should serve as the basis for fine tuning stakeholder- specific participation strategies. 5. Stakeholder Analysis 42. One of the most useful entry points for social assessment involves the analyses of the Project stakeholders particularly in relation to their interests and spheres of influence. There are the mission critical stakeholders represented by Irrigator Associations (lAs) and the NIA System Office, including local governments and the poverty risk groups composed of informal settlers and indigenous peoples. The lAs provides a chorus of expectations which are mostly met by the project's proposed objectives. The NIA field personnel are trying to strike a balance between the realities of system improvement and the limitations of a downsized system due to the impending rationalization plan. Local governments largely constitute a passive-reactive group, although most of them have expressed great interest over the project given the limited information available to them. A general presentation of various stakeholders in the area is shown in Table 3. 43. While there is a universe of stakeholders at play within and outside the system, it is nevertheless important to present a more detailed analysis of the stakeholders that are deemed to be most critical to long term stability and productivity of the system. The stakeholder-specific analysis is presented in Table 4. A multifactor table is generated with different factors -parameters, which are ranged against every system covered. Inside each cell are assigned the corresponding index of influence (high or low) .A brief description of system condition in relation to the parameter under consideration is provided to explain the given index of influence in the relevant system. Euroestudios S.L. 20 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove@er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 3. Stakeholders Analysis Matrix Stakeholder Relevant Characteristics, Social Situation, es Stake Location , Size, Organizational Interests Influence Categories holders Capability Government Under Sec. 16 of the LGC, LGUs inherently All of the LGU respondents expressed Policy Makers/ tasked to protect and advance public welfare; unanimous support for the PIDP Implementing exercises area managership role and delivery LGUs especially those with existing Agency Staffs of basic services (e.g. water, environmental tripartite agreements with NIA and the sanitation) lAs very highly receptive to the project Technical Municipal Planning and Agricultural Offices provide planning and LGUs are looked upon as LGUs extension service support to lAs facilitators, conflict mediators (especially at the barangay level) and resource bases for services Organizational Provides space for IA participation extending accreditation to lAs in local special bodies Financial operates a 5% GAD budget (out of the 20% development fund) Agency has jurisdiction and mandate over Willing to support lAs by linking DENR's policy and regulatory watersheds and protected areas supporting systems with priority watersheds, system is deemed critical to DENR irrigation system and conform with environmental protection of water sources At the system level, the CENRO serves as the compliance, monitoring (DENR) frontline office Has mandate over ancestral lands and ICCs NCIP Kalinga has expressed Exerts very high influence NCIP as provided for in the IRR of the Indigenous commitment to facilitate in the internally within UCRIS and Peoples Rights Act (RA 8371) generating support for the project by externally in the Batutu, Lupon, Enforcement of Free and Prior Informed brokering dialogues, especially in the AAIS and Dummun river Consent on development projects in ancestral case of P settlers irrigation systems. Mining domain areas interests are being decided in the Euroestudios S.L. 21 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Noveter 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Relevant Characteristics, Social Situation, Categories Stake Location , Size, Organizational Interests Influence holders Capability At the system level, NCIP has field offices to upstream watershed. handle FCIP consultations Proposed rationalization plan will significantly Improving irrigation efficiencies and Wield very high influence over reduce ISO personnel complement at the field viability of lAs to handle O&M through lAs , particularly In the areas of level IMT institutional development NIA-Irrigation System Office No operational GAD Mainstreaming Plan Strong preference for joint management systems over full IMT No IP Framework and Action Plan Have received leadership and management All the lAs in 14 Core A systems, 4 There is overwhelming trainings under IOSP, ISIP, WRDP Core B systems have expressed consensus among the lAs on the readiness to submit to the change positive benefits on the Male dominated leadership and membership management processes of the implementation of the PIDP proposed project No leadership succession plan Intended Associations 50% of the lAs able to link with LGUs through lAs under this category likely to Benehciaries tripartite agreements emerge as IMT "champions" 5 Core B systems in the Visayas which were 5 Core B systems in the Visayas are included in the sample , did not have any taking issue to the proposed project, issues related to IPs , and involuntary particularly in relation to IMT seUtlement Women's Very marginal representation, with the Have expressed very strong interests Unable to establish a clear Sector exception of the AAIS-Apayao side,Maranding in building leadership, managerial constituency in the absence of a and UCRIS and entrepreneurial capabilities GAD plan Euroestudios S.L. 22 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove 9 r 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Relevant Characteristics, Social Situation, ategores Stake Location, Size, Organizational Interests Influence holders Capability Demographically dominant within the UCRIS Very strong endorsement of the Exerts a very high influence in system where four of the 9 lAs are IP- program and commitment to mobilize the operation and maintenance dominated. IPs present in all turn-out service IA participation. Irrigation seen as a of the system as they represent a groups as tenured farmers major boost to the IPs quality of life clear majority of water users IPs occupy multiple roles as IA and barangay leaders Indigenous Peoples Specific claims are expressed in certain areas Can demand compensation from of the Batutu and Lupon river irrigation legally determined claims systems, respectively Occupying areas covered by CADT in the No direct interest in the project as Their FPIC over mining upstream areas outside the system. they are located outside of the applications can have serious system implications to water quality in the future AdvrlHigh Poverty risk groups Majority agreed to cooperate to May pose implementation Aversely ensure that civil works will not be problems if no anticipatory Affected impeded measures are put in place in persons project design Approximately 300 families in four systems, with mostly permanent settlements (average of Informal 10 years) in canal easements (THRIS, Settlers UCRIS, ARIS, MRIS) 10 internally displaced families (Maranding) No direct interests on the project Muslim Squatter Colony can be approached to gain access to portions of the lateral canals 141 families in UCRIS , 90% belonging to Willing to cooperate and sign waivers Tribe-specific leaders can different Kalinga sub-tribes to free NIA from legal liabilities represent the groups in the dialogue process CIS -farmer At least 3 farmer(dam-based) groups, with 40 The farmer leaders demand that their The farmers can force the issue members members who belong to the Colocol communal sources be excluded from of non-coverage and can deny Communal Irrigation System the coverage of PIDP access to some sub-lateral canal sections Euroestudios S.L. 23 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveQer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Relevant Characteristics, Social Situation, Stegoies Stake Location , Size, Organizational Interests Influence Categories holders Capability Able to access communal sources and pay lower irrigation fees to the CIS Seed Large Corporate ventures involving two major Have very strong interests as Seed The companies offer attractive Production companies, covering approximately 1,000 production area will benefit greatly incentives to farmers who opt to Companies hectares in the Lupon system from improved system performance convert their rice farms to seed production Organized Fishpond Small to medium-scale fishpond operators, A mutually inclusive group of Fishpond operators belong to Ored Operators utilizing irrigation water in the Lupon and secondary water users will benefit upper income families with Ineres Bagabag irrigation systems from guaranteed water supply political links Rice Traders A well funded network of market-based Increased and sustained palay No significant direct interest in stakeholder groups, which influence palay production will redound to increase the project trading, particularly in the rice granary of the trading for regional rice traders. Cagayan Valley Bantay Gubat Localized Multisectoral forest/watershed Stronger motive to protect an The system-specific actions of citizens group in Sta.Ana, Cagayan involving improved system from the threats of these civil society groups are Society 26 IA members of the Visitacion System siltation resulting from watershed able to draw attention to their Civil deputized as forest officers degradation advocacy issues, resulting to improved environmental conditions Multisectoral San Pablo-Cabagan IS represented in the A useful venue to highlight irrigator Forest committee concerns Protection Committee Protected lAs of the Tumauini IS represented in the local Area Mgt. PAMB Board Citizens's Movement whose advocacy covers Can provide a platform for advocacy Dannum ti the Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao river which Umili supports the Penablanca irrigation System Euroestudios S.L. 24 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Noveer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Relevant Characteristics, Social Situation, Categories Stake Location , Size, Organizational Interests Influence holders Capability Watershed LGU Infanta serves as the convenor of the LGU allocates multi-year budget to Committee committee which oversees the protection and support watershed mgt, IPM development of the Magsaysay-Gumian Watersheds Kalinga A traditional peace and development Looks at water development as an Wields considerable influence Bodong institution involving close to 2,000 peace pact impetus to achieving community over the 27 tribes represented in Congress/ holders peace and harmony. Looks highly the system. Customary laws and Council favorably to the proposed project practices are given prior preference over modem legal processes USAID- Implements technical assistance to LGUs on Does not have specific task Can influence LGUs to have EcoGovernan forest management and integrated solid waste recognitions involving irrigation stronger institutional and Donors ce (Region 2) management systems but can be linked with PIDP programmatic involvement in initiatives watershed management and solid waste management Mining Existing mining claims in the watersheds of These stakeholder groups do not Companies Batutu and Lupon IS have any interest over the proposed Small-scale Actively present in the upstream Monkayo project as they are geographically Other Mining area, largely disorganized and unregulated detached from the system. However, External/lintern when lAs can interpose objections ational on grounds of social acceptability Stakeholders Quarry Operate largely with permits granted by the Often engaged to dialogues by In most instance, these are hard groups Provincial Small Scale Mining Board. irrigator groups, because of the risks to regulate since local authorities Operations are weakly monitored in the field that they present to the system have allegedly stakes in quarry intake operations EuroesrudiosS.L. 2b Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveQer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 4. ANALYTICAL MATRIX OF STAKEHOLDER INFLUENCE A. IRRIGATORS' ASSOCIATION FACTORS ARIS AAIS BIS BRIS NV-BIS DRIS LRIS Power and Status Low Hioh Hh Low Low Low Low IA with a more IAwields local The IAfederation lAs do not enjoy Primary lAs still in Some leaders able lAs unable to call LGU defined political influence enjoys LGU credible support marginal status to influence local attention inLupon constituency in the Apayao accreditation and from local governance regarding the adverse through the side; IA President program support government decisions, impact commercial seed FARPEA, although sits as Municipal membership producers but enjoys it has not used this Councilor discipline is still support from the Banai- as leverage to weak banai LGU generate LGU support Degree of High High High Low Low Low Moderate Organizational Maturity Primary lAs The Apayao side lAs are able to IAsaddled with lAs still inthe lAs expressed IA divisions actively federated into one lAs, exemplified by function under a low ISF collections formative stage of reservations over functioning and able to umbrella the Dagupan federation, lAs and member institutional IMT enforce regulations organization and Farmers IA are able to perform participation. lAs strengthening,. able to undertake able to type I and type 11 express strong Hampered by very organizational demonstrate contracts reservations on full low collection strengthening organizational and IMT efficiencies activities management innovations Control of Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Strategic Resources lAs unable to exert lAs have no lAs have no lAs unable to IAunable to Water source Water source inthe any influence over control over the control over land realize adequate control discharge heavily affected by upstream portion of the its water source watershed uses in the Batutu supply of irrigation of water from the non-compatible Sumlog River which is linked to supporting the river watershed . water due to Colocol System land uses Watershed under the the Kaliwa-Kanan Flora, Apayao structural ancestral domain of the Watershed intake leakages. Mandayas Euroestudios S.L. 26 Social Assessment (SA) Report, Noveer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS ARIS AAIS BIS BRIS NV.BIS DRIS LRIS (Montalban- Mandaya Ps lAs unable to lAs unable to control Umiray) vested with enforce discipline seed producers ancestral titles members on canal influence inthe over the watershed maintenance and allocation and use of area water distribution water Power relations High High High Low Low Low Low with other Stakeholders IAfederation able Apayao IA lAs able to lAs have no strong lAs still inthe lAs unable to take There are no links to contain spread Implements a engage LGU institutional links process of issue on swidden between the Mandaya of informal settlers tripartite support but has yet with LGUs consolidation activities in the IPs and the lAs relative and mitigate memorandum of to establish links relative to Dummun to the protection of water disposal of waste agreement with with the IPgroup communal watersheds source NIA and LGU which has control irrigation users over its water lAs unable to lAs remain at source adequately engage disadvantage relative to LGUs ina joint seed producer institutional companies approach to canal protection and safety Importance of Hiah aih Huigh High High High Participation Previous IMT To Project experience is Current level of IAleadership and will require more will require more will require more will require more Success considered a plus participation member focused and focused and focused and focused and intensive in mobilizing provide a healthy cooperation a intensive intensive intensive participation farmer participation plafform for IMT. IP strong factor to participation participation participation interventions to ensure participation project success interventions to interventions to interventions to proiect success strategically ensure proiect ensure proiect ensure proiect important to success success success system viability Euroestudios S.L. 27 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove@er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS [MaRIS | MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS |VRIS | ZRIS Powarand Status Low Hih h Low Hi h Low lAs unable to IAfederation IAenjoys local lAs marginalized lAs constitute an lAs able to assert lAs able to assert influence forged and political support, into social groups ethnically diverse influence and influence recovery on canal implements a with former IA relying on interest group that control over of natural protection and tripartite President serving government are able to protection of canal waterways but water distribution memorandum of as incumbent support. IAs influence structures and has practically no agreement that Municipal Mayor unable to decisions on local enforce members control over its governs among generate decent land and resource discipline. The lAs water source others, resource collection use able to post high sharing efficiencies collection efficiencies Degree of Organizational Low Hici High Low Hjgh High Low Maturity lAs still depend on IA able to devise strong IA lAs divided over lAs able to make lAs able to evolve lAs able to NIA for and implement federation built many issues, quick decisions quick and self- mobilize high intervention and innovative on equally strong difficult to but depends reliant decision member support. Internal management primary lAs, generate early largely on strong process and participation even governance arrangements. consensus consensus. IA leadership. Open successfully on voluntary basis processes, still oriented unable to control to innovative implement Type I NIA driven illegal checking arrangements and Type 11 and turn-outs contracts Control of Strategic Low Low High Low Low High Low Resources lAs unable to lAs have no protect canal control over its Water and canal deterioration of lAs able to lAs able to project lAs able to sections from watershed and is structures are canal structures discipline and maintain generally protect being claimed by unable to adequately due to members on visibility in the canal structures residential influence protected uncontrolled solid water distribution protection of but exercises no establishments regulation of waste disposal; but are limited by water sources control over its quarry activities, loss of cropland lack of control water source downstream due to unmitigated over its water saline intrusion source Intake and major irrigation facilities are adequately secured, except Euroestudios S.L. 28 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Nove#er 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS MaRIS MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS VRIS ZRIS for some canal sections where access ios restricted Power relations with other Low High High Low Hjgh High Low Stakeholders Unable to engage IA able to IA enjoys strong IA unable to tap Division lAs have IA able to build lAs unable to LGU support and consistently local government credible local strong cultural ties strong partnership engage local enforce regulation engage local support government with their tribal with both local government to contain informal government support and self- bases inthe and national operational and settlements support for regulate canal upstream area government policy support system security from agencies to maintenance informal settlers strengthen and waste enforcement disposal Importance of Participation High Hih Hih Low HBh High Hlch To Project Success very strong early interventions the lAs are the lAs are on IAleaders are Will require more Early gains participatory to develop primed for active mode and able to mobilize focused and expected, culture will likely participation- participation. are sufficiently member support intensive especially in result to early building activities Strong leadership primed to provide for PIDP participation - Division lAs run success for the lAs is present and will integral interventions building by women leaders be crucial to the participation interventions whole undertaking support to the project Euroestudios S.L. 29 0 ~ Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveQer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) B. INFORMAL SETTLERS - - FACTORS ARIS AAIS BIS | BRIS NV.BIS ]DRIS LRIS Power and Status Low N/A N/A N/A Huih N/A Hlqh Very marginal status Section of lateral canal Some 15 families involving a few settlers annexed by ATO enjoying uninterrupted stay incanal areas Degree of Low N/A N/A N/A Low N/A Low Organizational Maturity Not known to be part of any adverse stakeholder is settlers not part of any organized group government agency organized groups Control of Low N/A N/A N/A Low N/A Hih Strategic Resources Settlers too small to have the encroachment does Some settlers are found any significant presence not have a strategic value close to the intake to the system structure Power relations Low N/A N/A N/A Low N/A Hih with other Stakeholders too small and disorganized t The agency has verbal The settlers are linked to agreement with NIA and the IPs by way of their the lAs regarding access trading activity to the canal Importance of Low N/A N/A N/A Low N/A High Participation To Project not critically important but not critically important but Critically Important and Success requires resettlement action status of area and rules of will require resettlement planning at the early stage engagement has to be planning as a preliminary clarified activity Informal Influence Low N/A N/A N/A Low N/A Hiah Number of settlers too small The airport authority is Settlers may have links and widely dispersed to have bound by legal and with local (Barangay) any significant influence. administrative rules government officials Euroestudios S.L. 30 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,NoveOer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS MaRIS MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS VRIS ZRIS Power and Status Hloh High N/A Low h!lh N/A N/A Some of the canal internally displaced vulnerable groups of settlers enjoy tribal sections were claimed by muslim group have dispersed protection influential families control of a small settlements within section of a lateral canal easements canal Degree of Low Low N/A Low Low N/A N/A Organizational Maturity not known to be not known to be Although widely The settlers are not known organized and confined controlled by any dispersed,not known to belong to any organized only to a specific section organized group to be part of an group organized urban/peasant grouo Control of None None None None None None None Strategic Resources Informal Influence High Low N/A High Hlih N/A N/A The identified settlers are The group is not Some settlers are settlers have links with in a position to engage regarded to be countenanced by political leaders belonging political and legal support influential in the area local politicians to same sub-tribe Power relations Low Low N/A Hjgh Hfh N/A N/A with other Stakeholders the economic standing of The settlers are not The settlers have The settlers have links the settlers gives them know to have any strong links with local with tribal groups and local leverage to take issue with special alliances with officials political leaders their local government other stakeholders Importance of High Low N/A Hgh H!gh N/A N/A Participation to Project Success If the original canal will only require The sheer number of Resettlement planning alignment is to be notifying the settlers settlers involved will maybe an essential recovered, this will require to move the fence requires major condition for pre project negotiations with residents away from the cana resettlement planning implementation who have already zone as prior activity encroached into the area. Euroestudios S.L. 31 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Noveer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) C. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES FACTORS ARIS AAIS ]BIS BRIS NV-BIS DRIS LRIS Power and Status Low High High N/A N/A. Low Hih Nomadic Bands of Isnegs enjoy The Mandayas are vested The Agtas have The Mandayas Dumagats ancestral domain with proprietary claims over ancestral rights over constitute an IP claim over the the watershed that supports 20,000 has of group with upstream areas in the system. IPwith approved forestland areas, but recognized the kabugao and ADSDPP. The grant of FPIC are regarded to be the ancestral donmains Conner area essential over system areas least assertive in the Lupon claimed to be part of the watershed ancestral domain Degree of Low Low Hiqh N/A N/A Low Hiqh Organizational Maturity Highly marginal Management of the tribes are governed by a Association of tribal the IP group is ancestral lands council of leaders (datus) elders provide governed by a governed by tribal capable of rendering leadership to the IP council of elders association decisions over land rights community, but is regarded to be weak Control of Low High H'ih N/A N/A Low Hih Strategic Resources The Dumagats The IP group the IPs control nearly Agtas have legal rights The disposition of exercise ancestral exercises control 20,000 hectares of water over watershed areas the mine- rich domain rights over of the water and mineral rcih ancestral supporting the watershed is some areas not in source of the Flora lands system, but unable to largely the domain the immediate and Pudtol Intake control migrant of the Mandayas watershed of the swiddeners system Informal Influence Low High N/A N/A Low High able to tap NGO Isneg political IPs are distributed in areas Agtas are generally IPs are distributed assistance for leaders wield which are strongly influenced regarded as in areas which are livelihood and strong influence on by the armed left vulnerable and under strongly influenced training matters related to represented by the armed left land right Euroestudios S.L. 32 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report,Noveer 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS ARIS AAIS BIS BRIS NV-BIS DRIS LRIS Power relations Low High N/A N/A Low Low with other Stakeholders/ The Dumagats The Isnegs The IPs are actively sought Very marginal political The [Ps are behave innormally exercise control by small scale and status and are easily actively sought by reclusive bands over acitivities commercial mining interests manipulated by private small scale and related to for their consent to allow interests groups commercial mining swiddening and exploration and development interests for their logging consent to allow exploration and development Importance of Low High Hih N/A N/A Low Hlgh Participation To Project Not critically Critically Important while their areas inquestion Should not however, The IPs activities Success important, but may and will require are outside of the command discount the are intimately have to be consultations area of the system, the IPs Importance of linked with the river considered in the between the IA to disposition can have long engaging the Agtas as system supporting lAs strategic establish areas of term impacts on system allies inthe protection the irrigation management of cooperation viability of the watershed project the canal system relative to essential to support protection of water the irrigation needs of source the system Euroestudios S.L. 33 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,Noveter 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) FACTORS MRIS MARIS PRIS THIRIS UCRIS VRIS ZRIS Power and Status N/A N/A Low N/A Hlgh N/A N/A Small colony of Agtas occupying the Kalinga IPs constitute a marginal confined settlement area diverse and yet politically outside the canal zone but within important group the system Degree of N/A N/A Low N/A HIgh N/A N/A Organizational Maturity The settlers are part of a loosely IPs organized into sub-tribes grouped colony and bound by the traditional Bodong Council and Pagta (Peace pact) Control of N/A N/A Low N/A High N/A N/A Strategic Resources Agtas do not have formal IPs control the watersheds that ancestral claims over the support the system Pinacanauan river watersheds Informal Influence N/A N/A Low High The group is too marginal to be of IPs have strong informal any influence influences on both local political leaders and traditional tribal leaders Power relations N/A N/A Low N/A High N/A N/A with other Stakeholders The colony enjoys protection from Specific sub-tribes maintain the local government dominant political and economic clout in local government circles and have strong links with the informal settlers around the system Importance of Low High Participation To Project Not critically important, but may IPparticipation is crucial in the Success require some consultation with early going, especially under the group's leaders conditions of cultural diversity Euroestudios S.L. 34 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 5.1. Irrigators Associations (lAs) 44. The lAs constitute the largest group of primary and formal stakeholders in the system. They hold the largest interest in the proposed rehabilitation and improvement of the systems, considering that rice production is a basic economic activity in more than 50,000 households affected. In the core NIS, there are 153 Irrigators Associations (lAs) with membership of 35,950 out of potential of 42,908 farmers. All of said lAs are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and adopt a uniform organizational structure with slight variation among the subprojects. In some of the subprojects, Federations of lAs exist at section, the Council of Irrigators Association (CIA) or whole of the service area, the system level Federation of Irrigators Association (FIA). The Regional and National Federation of lAs have also been established which serve as IA coordinating body and representatives for policy issues and concerns at respective levels. In the 44 Core B NISs, there are 710 lAs with 133,683 farmer members out of potential of 160,358. Most of the lAs is federated into CIA and FIA, with about 40 lAs involved in providing credit as irrigator service association. There are about 189,682 farmer beneficiaries in the NIS subprojects. This consists of 32,516 from the 14 Core NISs and 157,166 in the 44 Core B NISs. 45. A brief analysis of the divergent interests of lAs in different systems has been provided in Table 5. The table highlights the possible conflicts and expectations which may weigh against how the lAs perceive benefits coming from the project. Its value is towards sensitizing the design of participation strategies for lAs which should now carefully consider the possible conflicts and expectations that the project may create. 46. However, the type and degree of influence that the lAs is able to exert vary according to the socio-political conditions around which the system operates. In exceptional cases, the lAs themselves are able to influence local policy makers to adopt measures expressed through their advocacy. This is achieved, when lAs are able to develop a clear and unified constituency such as when they are under the umbrella of a secondary organization, such as a federation. Most of the irrigator associations have been federated, while others are still "works in progress" in federation building. Constituency membership varies, with some lAs achieving as high as 90% membership rates relative to the number of potential members. Their participation in irrigation management (i.e. Joint Systems Management) transfer schemes is the medium by which their influence is recognized, while most are preparing for eventual an eventual IMT arrangement. The influence of lAs is most apparent in the Visitacion, Tumauini AAIS and Solana systems. This is exemplified by their ability to move to higher order concerns, such as those dealing with concerns related to local governance or instituting Gender and Development measures. 47. There are IA groups, whose level of influence is on the slide such as in the Jalaur system in Iloilo. Reviving the IA towards a respectable activity level will require new institutional development measures, a prospect which may no longer be possible with the phasing out of the system IDO under the rationalization plan. Accordingly, most farmer- members refuse to acknowledge the use of NIA canal system as their source. The farmers contend that they are able to source their water supply from creeks which are advantageously located in the higher elevation areas. Some systems such as In Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya and UCRIS, Kalinga, the lAs have been newly consolidated with better turn-out based organizations. This allows the IA members to effectively connect with each other, under a more responsive structure. Euroestudios S.L. 35 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 5. ANALYTICAL MATRIX OF IRRIGATOR INTERESTS System Benefits Possible Conflicts Possible Expectations AAIS Improved System Performance One system spans Downstream Cagayan (e.g. reliable water supply) two regional NIA section expect priority units can complicate intervention project management processes ARIS Repair of canals to full capacity Imposition of ISF in Improved collection of will restore rice production in areas recovering service fees with areas where farmers were from the aftermath of corresponding forced to shift to vegetable the floods improvement in irrigation production due to lack of service. irrigation water Prioritize restoration of areas damaged by flood BCRIS Improved supply and Flood mitigation may The more active CARP distribution of irrigation water have to consider Extension IA expects to reclaiming cultivated draw immediate project natural waterways intervention over the less active IA divisions NV-BIS Reduced flooding and repair of Refusal of some CIS Joint management with damaged canal embankments users to allow NIA preferred over full rehabilitation IMT Release of canal section from ATO jurisdiction BIS Improved water distribution and Conflicts with IPs and Project to address closing the gap between actual mining interests watershed issue and potential area to be irriqated DRIS Improved system performance IA will have to deal Implementation of joint (reliability of water distribution, with outside threats management system is coverage,etc) to the water source preferred; Project expected to respond to threats posed by watershed use LRIS Reduced flooding and Conflicts with seed IA expects project to improved system management producers on water resolve issue with seed and performance allocation producers. MARIS Protection of Maranding system lAs will have to force Joint management is siphon from floods and issue on farmer preferred over full IMT. restoration of canal linings to discipline to control improve efficiency schistosomiasis spread MRIS Restoration of lateral canals will Lateral canals to be Enhancement of IA generate new areas for restored may have to members participation to production be negotiated with be stimulated by project residents who have activities claimed portions of -_ the canal systems PRIS Protection of system intake There are no conflict Stronger enforcement of and restoration of canal linings issues, unless the IA policy against the - to improve irrigation service, PAMB considers practice of allowing Euroestudios S.L. 36 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) System Benefits Possible Conflicts Possible Expectations resulting to sustained yields charging the lAs for carabaos to wallow in water use in the canal systems future THIRIS Flooding and improved supply The continued lAs clamor for the repair of irrigation water to boost rice disposal of sewage of dikes as protection productivity and waste in the against salt water Reduced farmer conflicts canal system is a intrusion. resulting from the recurring lingering issue problem of illegal turn-outs and between the lAs and checking informal settlers and Better canal protection from local governments solid waste disposal UCRIS Farmers expect better and Options towards Farmers are hoping for a sustained yields; reduce water Resettlement of IP possible extension of allocation conflicts settlers in the irrigation canals to the Bulanao section may Rizal area pose conflict issues VRIS Improved system performance possible conflicts are lAs to generate to boost rice production levels directed towards increased shares from external sources irrigation fees such as slash and -_ burn cultivators, etc. ZRIS repair of canals and other Recovery of natural Increased willingness to irrigation structures to reduce waterways for flood pay irrigation fees due to flooding, improve service mitigation may cause improved irrigation delivery and reduce conflicts some temporary service; stronger among farmers due to illegal conflicts with some IA enforcement of IA policy turn-outs and checks members against the practice of carabao wallowing in the -_ canal systems 48. The lAs exert very little influence on matters related to critical concerns such as the spread of informal settlements. However, in the case of the Magat River Integrated Irrigation System (District-IV), the lAs have participated in the adjudication of the case of informal settlers in the Echague area. In matters related to addressing external threats, only the Tumauini and Visitacion systems have shown exceptional ability to influence decision makers. The lAs in the two systems has taken an active role in awareness building and in enforcement of laws for the protection of the watersheds that support their systems. These have resulted to a significant reduction in slash and burn cultivation and illicit logging in their respective watersheds. 49. For a long time, the lAs have been coached and nurtured by NIA's Institutional Development Officers (IDOs). Some lAs are able to show a deep internalization of the institutional development inputs given to them and used these as foundation for institutional growth. In some lAs, efficiency is conditioned by the intervention of IDOs. Group cohesiveness and responsiveness decline when IDO presence is scaled down or withdrawn. 50. Social diversity and gender provide a useful approximation of the structure and dynamics of the functioning of lAs: In Lupon, about 20% of the members have landholdings of at least 50 hectares. The lAs refer to them as farmer -managers and Euroestudios S.L. 37 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) they wield considerable influence on maiters relating to water allocation, land management and trade. The issue of second generation leaders was expressed in both Tumauini and Solana Irrigation systems, as aging leaders have expressed the need to develop a new cadre of leaders for the lAs. The prospect of IMT surviving intergenerational changes will have to address gaps in leadership. 51. Awareness of gender is almost nil, except for at least three systems, namely, MRIS, AAIS, and Tumauini River Irrigation System. In MRIS, one IA is led and dominated by women leaders. Women in the MIS-west side provide a balanced membership, since a policy was adopted to extend automatic membership to wives of male members. Although there is no formal and conscious mainstreaming of gender concerns, Women participation appear to be a given cultural pattern among the Kalingas, where it is normal to find women members who are also barangay leaders and Bodong Holders. 52. Participation finds greater impetus when IA officers also hold responsible positions in barangay and municipal local governments. In the Zinundungan River Irrigation System, the Municipal Administrator and other barangay officials are also members of the association, making mobilization and conflict resolution an easier task. The IA federation president of the MIS (Apayao-side) also sits as elected municipal councilor and chairman of the Agricultural Committee. The IA enjoys the advantage of being linked to the local government unit through its development fund, upon the representation of its President. In the Solana Pump Irrigation System and the Penablanca Irrigation System, the former IA Federation President serves as the incumbent Mayor, giving the IA a virtual link to the LGU. 53. The underlying social and cultural factors of participation among the lAs follow a common thread among all the system. The IA federations see the need to achieve greater cohesiveness among its component lAs and turn-out service groups for better system management. In the ethnically diverse Upper Chico System, farmers have found a basis for unity, with the impending rehabilitation and improvement of the system. Irrigation is viewed positively, as tribal groups, find them in a better position to relate with each other harmoniously, where water is systematically managed and allocated. However, in Lupon, smallholder farmer members have to contend with influential farmer members with larger land holdings in the decision-making process. 54. However, considerations for gender and ethnicity seem to be inadequate in the participation strategy of the lAs. Better system management can be achieved when Gender is consciously regarded as in the case of Maranding IS and MIS, where higher collection efficiencies are posted. Participation in the UCRIS will have to take full consideration, not only of the ethnic constitution but more importantly the ethnic relations of different sub-tribes which are distributed across different turn-out service groups. 55. All told, NIA has provided a series of training courses to farmers in the subprojects aimed at providing capability (knowledge and skill). However, the key objective of improving organizational capacity, carrying-out proper O&M practices and agricultural practices have been met with varying levels of success. Courses provided to farmers include basic leadership techniques, irrigation system management, irrigation water management, management information system, financial management system and irrigated rice production. Euroestudios S.L. 38 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) The IA Participation Framework 56. The participation of Irrigator Associations is provided for under Presidential Decree 552 in 1974 which amended the corporate charter of NIA. The decree mandated the agency "to delegate the full or partial management of NISs or portion thereof to duly organized cooperatives or farmers organizations under such terms and conditions which the NIA Board of Directors may impose" Under said mandate, the NIA provides opportunities to lAs to participate in the 0 & M of national irrigation systems and accept the full turn over of communal irrigation systems. These opportunities are given only to those lAs that have proven capability and functionality after undergoing stages of institutional development and capability building. In the NISs, the lAs are provided the opportunities to enter into stages I and 11 contracts during the operation and maintenance stage of the project. 57. The implementation of PIDP paves the way for the implementation of the Irrigation Management Transfer scheme. This is the defined arena for Irrigator Associations and the arrangement is technically used by NIA to connote a system of shared management responsibility between government and lAs. In the field, the term is closely associated with a particular sharing formula used when IMT was piloted under IOSP 2 that gave NIA and IA a 50-50 share of ISF proceeds. The context of IMT in the Philippines is where the "IA" takes over the functions of NIA ditch tenders, Water Resources Field Technicians (WRFT) as well as the Institutional Development Officers (IDO). 58. The IMT has received mixed reviews. It is commonplace that where IMT is instituted, the interface has not significantly shifted to the lAs. NIA personnel continue to discharge functions, which the IA is supposed to undertake. This bridging modality is labeled by NIA as the Joint Management System. The Program is IMT while the management strategy is JSM-or at the point of interface between the IA and NIA. 59. It is widely held contention that many IA's under IMT would not be able to function well without these NIA personnel. As the implications of NIA Rationalization Plan are known at the system level, a better estimation of the sustainable level of current IMT will become evident. At present, many lAs are not aware of the impending implementation of NlAs rationalization plan. In some cases the record of IMT are considered dismal, that the prospects of full IMT does not appear to be encouraging. 60. As a strategy for achieving cost-effective and quality O&M, NIA must divest responsibility at the lateral level of national irrigation systems while the lAs take over. Currently, the NIA staff continues to be present even as lAs officially takes over management. This staff presence creates redundancies in management and financially impact the sharing arrangement of incentives under Joint System Management (JSM) with NIA. The reorganization of the existing NIA implementing units to address such overlapping responsibilities is being addressed by the Rationalization Plan being prepared by NIA in compliance with Executive Order 366 that covers all government agencies. The successful implementation and timely completion of the NIA RP is critical to the sustainability of IMT under PIDP. Euroestudios S.L. 39 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Current Practices and Arenas of Participation 61. The milieu of participation can be depicted both at the system level and at the, community level. At the system level, it is instructive to know the current practices and levels of participation relative to the preparedness of the lAs to undertake full IMT. At the community level, IA participation takes place on a wider milieu where threats to the system are addressed as well as in harnessing opportunities for mobilizing new resources. 62. There is a distinguishable pattern in the participation indices applicable to the Core A and Core B projects. The latter have generally shown relatively higher levels of collection efficiencies unhampered by slippages in the Implementation of Type I and Type 2 contracts. 63. Corollarily, Core B projects seem to have adapted more successfully to joint systems management. The ante of participation has reached a level where lAs is capable of mobilizing collective volunteer action in canal maintenance and in curbing the proliferation of illegal turn-outs. The level of maturity is also evident in the success of the lAs in influencing local policy review, development and creative enforcement particularly in securing the system from the denudation of their immediate watershed and in solid waste management. The Tumauini River Irrigation System is a case in point, where the lAs has successfully curbed illegal logging and swiddening in their watershed. The IA is now actively participating in the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB). The Solana PRIS was able to successfully lobby for an adoption and enforcement of a solid waste ordinance. This represent a unique case since the former IA President was elected as the Municipal Mayor. The local chief executive is now able to advance IA interests in the local development plan. 64. There are also exceptional cases in the Core A Projects, where the lAs through the facilitation of their NIA-ISO, have forged innovative arrangements to mobilize resources. The lAs in the downstream sector of UCRIS (Quezon, Isabela) were able to acquire their own heavy equipment (backhoe) from proceeds out of their type 11 contracts. This is one outstanding case of assisted self-reliance, whereby the lAs was able to leverage resources with their local government to acquire a very important asset. In the Apayao (west side) of the AAIS, the IA is allotted a 600,000 pesos multi-year budget for canal maintenance. 65. The present crop of leaders has expressed doubts about the sustainability of their early gains. In some lAs there are no second-level cadres of leaders who are prepared to assume leadership roles from the aging IA leaders. The IA leaders expressed their need for refresher trainings on various aspects of system management including environmental management and a new menu for capability building is desired. 66. Participation is hampered by the low turn-outs in IA meetings and the tendency for members to rely on their IA board to take actions even in physically demanding situations where canals have to be repaired. The inactivity of the seven IA groups in Jalaur, Iloilo, stemmed from the failure of NIA to implement the IMT contract under the WRDP. lAs are also faced by attrition, such as in the case of Bagabag, where some IA members refuse to pay their ISF, arguing that they are getting their irrigation water from the nearby Communal Irrigation System. In the Visayas region, the state of farmer participation Euroestudios S.L. 40 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 67. In a different case, participation takes a different complex. It can be positively contrived , where some IA officers also serve as elected Municipal or barangay leaders, and in some cases such as in UCRIS, also hold tribal leadership roles The IA President for the Apayao side of the AAIS Project also serve as the elected Municipal Councilor and holds chairmanship pf the Agriculture Committee. This meant that IA interests are well articulated and supported in the Municipal Development Plan. The highly contentious water use issue in UCRIS is somehow mitigated by the multi role assignments of the IA leaders, who are able to represent cross cutting interests. Conflict resolution is facilitated as IA leaders are able to exercise formal, legal and traditional leadership roles. 68. lAs with perceived threats to their farming systems are able to develop a bases of unity in developing strong positions and in calling the attention of government authorities relative to issues on mining, illegal logging and swiddening and high risk enterprises. The case of the IA in Visitacion and Tumauini highlights the capacity of a united group to take decisive action in neutralizing a perceived threat, which is illegal logging. However, the lAs in Compostela and Lupon are still looking forward to early government intervention to resolve their local concerns. Organizational Preparedness and Participation of lAs 69. The sustainability of the systems rehabilitation and improvement to be instituted by the PIDP will largely be driven by the capacity of the lAs to handle not only the technical and management rigors of irrigation management. It will have to rely over the long haul on the ability of the lAs to exercise leadership in decision making and in installing accountability systems across leaders and members. The less than satisfactory results of the implementation of IMT/JSM in some systems may be attributed to differences in accountability systems. NIA's accountability is inwards- towards its corporate organization. The lAs on the other hand, has an intrinsically outward accountability - which is oriented towards its members. Accountability is the driver of responsible stewardship. Except for some exceptionally mature and cohesive lAs, it will require a significant measure of active mentoring to develop functional organizational systems where rules of transparency, decisional and operational predictability are observed. The development of a "participatory culture", will at the outset demand strengthening processes not only in the areas of operations and management but as well as organizational development, and local water governance which emphasizes a strong Gender content (Annex 4) These are necessary conditions to ensure that IA stewardship under the IMT/JSM will have a chance of achieving levels of sustainability. At the minimum, the project needs to introduce technologies, systems and best practices covering not only specific areas of operations and management but as well as in the arena of intra and inter group mobilization to improve local water governance. The lAs can provide the foundational group in organizing Water Management Councils, which will include other stakeholders. IA Participation Strategy 70. The crafting of a suitable participation strategy for the mission critical lAs is in direct proportion to their high degree of Importance and Influence to the project and to the long term viability of the systems. These strategies are outlined in Table 6. Corresponding strategies are also drawn for other stakeholders patterned after their normative influence and importance levels. Euroestudios S.L. 41 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) TABLE 6. STAKEHOLDER CATEGORY and PARTICIPATION STRATEGY CATEGORY STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION PLAN/STRATEGY Relevant NIS GROUP High Influence- Irrigator Associations Involve the lAs in project orientation All 14 Core A High Importance workshops, organizational assessments, review of existing management systems and policies (especially on contract management) Guide the lAs in the development of a communication strategy for other stakeholders Capacitate lAs on conflict resolution and management High Influence - Local Governments Engage LGUs in periodic consultations, THIRIS, Low facilitate accreditation of lAs Importance Seed Producers engage seed producers to dialogue and LRIS joint risk assessment Mining Interests consultation dialogue with DENR and LRIS, BIS LGU Quarry Operators consultation with LGU and quarry MARIS operators Communal Irrigators consultation, mapping and profiling of CIS NVBIS command area Low Influence - Informal Settlers Consultation dialogue, LARP planning THIRIS, UCRIS, High and monitoring LRIS,ARIS Importance NVBIS Consultation dialogues, review ADSDPP, UCRIS, FPIC, determination of CADT coverage, BIS,LRIS Low Influence- Donor Projects sourcing of information, adivsories DRIS, BRIS, Low Importance (USAID-ECOGOV, VIS MRDP) 71. Timing is essential to building the participatory capacity of the lAs. Whether it coincides or succeeds rehabilitation works, a complete menu of participation exercises, will have to be set in motion. The suggested menu for the IA Participation Strategy includes the following: a. Orientation on Participatory Irrigation Management 72. The entry point for the orientation process would be the organization of the Multisectoral Technical Working Groups (MTWG) at the system level. This will enable the project, particularly through the lAs to engage key stakeholders, even those that belong to the informal settlers group. The MTWG's role is to ensure that operational concerns and procedures are adequately planned and controlled. It shall be composed of the NIA-IMO- Institutional Dev't Officer, LGU-MPDC, IA federation, DENR-CENRO, NCIP-Field Office, and LGU-MAO 73. It is important that IA officers and members go through an orientation process to ensure that there is common orientation on PIDP goals and objectives and roles and responsibilities, resource commitments, and accountability systems are clearly defined. Moreover, the IA, needs to be aware at the very start of the whole range of activities to help them rationalize their support to the project Euroestudios S.L. 42 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) b. Participatory Resource Management Appraisal 74. This entails a process of knowing the internal as well as external characteristics of the system. It can help the IA assess the current state of the resources (physical, human and financial) and management of the system and provide objective information on issues that need to be addressed. Results of the exercise would be useful to the IA in developing more realistic plans, zeroing on in interventions that can make a difference and optimizing the limited resources to achieve their irrigation management objectives c. Participatory Review of Management Options 75. Given limited resources and within the bounds of IMT, lAs need to formulate their respective programs of action to effectively address priority problems associated with irrigation management. An IA-developed irrigation program will give the IA the advantage to act within the range of its authority, resources and priorities. To help prepare an enforceable irrigation management program, the IA needs to know and understand various management options to effectively address key irrigation concerns and be able to prioritize these options given available resources and capabilities 76. One of the key management options to be considered is to institute a gender budget. Any proposed implementing measure for Gender in the IA system should look at the GAD budget of LGUs as useful model, (pegged at 5% of the 20% development fund). Women members should have access to the fund to support micro finance projects and training, among others. The budget should be linked to an IA defined Gender Program. The usefulness of an IA Gender Plan and Budget is that it can be horizontally linked to the GAD programs and resources of other institutions, to generate multipliers in \the system. d. Preparation of the IA Strategic Action Plan for Irrigation Management 77. Sustainable Management of irrigation systems requires careful planning and implementation. This is needed in order that the limited available resources are optimally used for concrete actions relevant to the unique characteristics of the system and the community it serves. lAs is in the best position to formulate and implement such programs. The formulation of a strategic program of action for the IA-driven irrigation management requires participation of other relevant stakeholders. It also takes into account, results of the participatory resource appraisal and review of management options. A well packaged program document could be used the IA in leveraging for adequate funds and for sourcing out external funding support e. Participatory Policy Review and Consensus on Actions 78. In general, the use and management of land and water resources are governed by laws and policies. While many of these laws and policies are provided to address specific concerns and objectives, many lAs will be constrained to effectively manage their systems due to the lack of understanding of the policy and legal framework governing irrigation systems as well as inappropriate and conflicting internal and external policies. lAs will need to identify and collectively apply innovative solutions to overcome these constraints. Euroestudios S.L. 43 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 79. The accreditation of the lAs by the municipal local government is an exercise in good governance as lAs can use the MDC as a venue for articulating their issues and concerns. lAs has to learn to operate in an open "global system", rather than be confined within the limits of the operating environment of the irrigation system. Desirably, the project should be able to prepare lAs to lobby actively for accreditation and representation in the Municipal Development Council. This will also open a vital link where lAs can take part in local policy development and in the planning of local development in ways where LGU resources can be tapped in the future. f. Developing an IA-driven IEC Campaign Program 80. The irrigation management program of the IA need to be communicated and shared with the community at large and with specific target audience in order to generate public understanding, support and sustained participation in the program. For this to be relevant, the system wide program needs to be supported and backed up by a well planned and organized information, education and communication strategy which utilizes simple, practical and localized materials and talents. g. Organization Building 81. Sustaining the local irrigation management program under an IMT/JSM environment requires an effective organizational structure and institutional mechanisms that would take care of managing the program's implementation. Various models and options in building and sustaining IA s are already available. In this aspect, the IA will have to be assisted in preparing a program for capacitating its leadership, including the membership structure to effectively manage the program 82. The Project can seize the opportunity of facilitating the formulation of a participatory strategic action plan to develop cooperatives as second tier organization. Priority should be given to working IMTs, especially those that will be affected by NIA's proposed rationalization plan. This will enable the lAs to leverage for assets and develop livelihood enterprise options. This will enable members to explore non farm and off-farm options to increase household income to enable families to pay for education costs of their children. Increased on-farm and off-farm incomes should help reduce social dysfunctions in families who are forced to send some members to work as OFWs. 5.2. Informal Settlers 83. These peripheral social groups have the least interest in the rehabilitation of the system. However, they exert a disproportionate amount of influence in the operation and management of the system. They represent a changing quantity in the irrigation landscape, as they fill niches within open access portions the irrigation system, such as easements. It is useful to distinguish, two types of informal settlers; unorganized rural poor and internally displaced cultural groups. The latter have been known to have had invasive and disruptive presence such as the migrant Maranaos in the Maranding system and the Lubuagans in the downstream, UCRIS area. Access to sections of the canal system becomes limited and difficult, when sections of the canals are fenced. Probably the highest densities of documented informal setters are found in THIRIS, which intersects dense built-up areas. Water quality in these systems is adversely affected by household sewage and solid waste disposal. While NIA anticipates that there are no specific cases of involuntary resettlement arising from the rehabilitation, it is Euroestudios S.L. 44 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) nevertheless essential to point out that squatters within easements will pose problems in the early implementation of the project and thus, must be approached with careful consideration. NIA does not have the police power to deal with squatters and it will have to enlist the intervention of local authorities. There are at least four Cores A systems (UCRIS, LRIS, THIRIS, and MRIS), where cases of informal settlement may have to be addressed following new and relevant procedures. 84. The spread of informal settlements along the easements of existing canals to be rehabilitated do not constitute issues of involuntary resettlement, which imply a dismantling of previous production system and ways of life. At the moment, there are no sufficient triggers for the kind of social safeguards envisaged under the Policy Framework which provides for processes for resettlement under the project, including compensation, relocation and rehabilitation of Project affectees (Annex 5) 85. The WRDP provided a useful classification of affected person PAP means Project Affected Person, and includes any person or persons who, on account of the execution of the project, or any of its components or sub-projects or parts thereof, would have their: > Right, title, or interest in any house, land (including residential, agricultural and grazing land) or any other fixed or movable asset acquired or possessed, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily; or > Business, occupation, work, place of residence or habitat adversely affected; or > Standard of living adversely affected. 86. PAF means Project Affected Family, and consists of all members of a household residing under one roof and operating as a single economic unit, who are adversely affected by the project, or any of its components. For resettlement purposes, project affectees will be dealt with as members of Project Affected Families (PAF). 87. SPAF means a PAF whose house is totally or partially acquired under eminent domain, rendering it not habitable; or from whom acquisition of agricultural land exceeds 20% of the total land holding, provided that for farmers holding less than 1 ha, the limit of land acquisition shall be 10%, beyond which they shall be considered SPAFs. For determining the number of SPAFs, acquisition of houses and acquisition of agricultural land shall be dealt with severally, each house acquired being considered equivalent to one SPAF. 88. This definition covers only the current owners and / or occupants of the land or other property which are adversely affected by the project; the definition does not cover the former owners of such land or property, whose holdings had been adversely affected by the operation of land transfer under Presidential Decree No. 27 and Executive Order 228 prior to the Project. 89. While the WRDP guidelines are comprehensive, it does not adequately cover informal settlers in the already existing systems. It cannot be ruled out that informal settlers will not be affected and displaced. It is thus necessary that to avoid impediments in project implementation, PIDP should invest in a comprehensive profiling and documentation effort. This will be the basis for developing a social measures protocol (which should engage LGUs) which among others will index areas, requiring immediate Euroestudios S.L. 45 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) relocation and compensation and those whose relocation can be implemented at a later time. Strategy for Informal Settlers 90. Priority should be given at the pre-project implementation stage in profiling and documenting informal settlers within the command area of the canal system. The profiling/socio-economic survey exercise should generate useful statistics according to the typology of informal settlers, whether these are Permanent Farmer-informal Settler, Transient Farmer-Informal Settler; Settler- Lessee internally displaced settlers (from war and calamities) or any applicable categories. The baseline study should provide an estimation of the funds needed to answer in case relocation is warranted in the future and such other mitigation measures, defined in the proposed policy measures. A review of the land resettlement guidelines has been made and recommended enhancements were determined for possible application in future cases situation involving resettlement issues. (Annex 5). 91. The UCRIS area has to be treated as a special case, since IP settlers within the easements of canals, are technically outside of the current ancestral domain claim. Even if the current coverage of existing CADCs may not extend at the moment to the canal system, the IPs have to be approached using combined formal channels of authority with those who are recognized to exercise customary leadership over them . With the help of the IA tribal leaders, who possess Bodong authority, consultation can be effected, with the assigned leader of the tribes. The lAs as direct beneficiaries should take part in developing an enforceable micro-zoning plan to protect canal systems, particularly from squatting. This will have to be done with the facilitation of the responsible IA. This should be preceded by complete inventory, profiling and mapping of settlement areas within the 50 -200 meter radius of the canals. The zoning management plan should delineate buffers to protect canals from sewage and solid waste disposal, reduce risks of settlements from potential flooding and impose animal grazing/wallowing discipline zone. 5.3. Indigenous Peoples 92. The IPs represent a unique and special interest case. Both internally and externally, the IPs option to exercise preferential rights can significantly influence the early success of development projects. It is useful to distinguish the different categories of IPs (Table 6). There are those who exercise domain in area generally outside of the system, but whose activities, nevertheless impact directly on the integrity of the system. In Batutu IS, in Compostela and New Bataan and Lupon IS, in Davao Oriental, there are claims by some IPs although the validity of these claims will be ascertained upon as field consultations by NIA in coordination with provincial NCIP Office in Lupon and Batutu are currently on-going. The consultation process will eventually lead to the Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC). The only exceptional case is in UCRIS, where Indigenous Peoples are present in some of the system turnouts. The issue of indigenous peoples deserves closer examination, because the areas in question (service areas) are indeed inhabited by IPs, but are not part of the declared IP ancestral domain. The different sub-tribes in UCRIS are part of the Kalinga ancestral domain, but the service areas they are occupying are not part of the subject domain as determined by the NCIP. This only means that the system itself is not part of the officially applied ancestral domain claim. Nevertheless, the Kalinga Sub-tribes have very strong interests in the proposed project as this will serve to secure the rice production fields, which is the reason that drove them Euroestudios S.L. 46 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) in the first place to migrate to the Tabuk area. In effect, the proposed improvement of the system is viewed very positively. The collateral effect is the removal of potential sources of conflicts since illegal checking and turn-outs will be minimized. Table 7. IP Categories and Stakeholder Influence and Interests Typology Relevant ICCsiPS Interests Influence System 1. lCCs/lPs generally UCRIS Kalinga At least 141 families were The families have within the Irrigation Tribes documented living within strong tribal links with System but are not (Tulgao, canal easement and tapping their tribal bases covered by Lubuagan, on irrigation water for upstream which control recognized ancestral Tanudan, domestic use. the water source domain claims/title etc More than half of the IA Requires consultations members belong to the and covenant of Kalinga tribes and would cooperation greatly benefit from system (approximating the improvement FPIC) 2. ICCs /IPs outside UCRIS Kalinga Have no direct stake with Have direct control the Irrigation System tribes the project, but are over land uses which with recognized nevertheless related to tribal influence watershed Ancestral Domain kin within the system. properties and Claims functions Dam structure (weir) used as human crossing BRIS Mandaya The ICCs/IPs have no direct The ICCs/IPs control stake on the system as they the watersheds LRIS Mandaya are located in the upstream especially those area affecting the Batutu and Lupon Systems which are covered separately by the Mandaya CADT and their respective ADSDPPs. DRIS Agta Consultations will be The IPs influencing the needed for possible areas Dummun and Apayao- AAIS Isnegs of cooperation with the lAs Abulug systems have yet to formulate their 3. ICCs/IPs BIS Mandaya A certain Datu Pangantukan The specific IP groups Generally inhabiting expressed sentiments over have direct links with ancestral lands the need to be consulted, the ICCs upstream outside the system claiming that portions of the which control the water but with unvalidated ancestral domain is covered source claims over specific by the system areas within the LRIS Mandaya A certain Crisostomo family system expressed a claim that the family owns portion of land near the intake structure Will require consultations and ground validation with NCIP 4. lCCs/lPs living PRIS Agta A group of approximately 15 If left unmanaged, the immediately outside families were resettled in a group could develop the system with no lot situated outside to the into a colony which can known ancestral canal setback spillover over the canal domain claim zone 93. Kalinga has been known to have had a history of tribal conflicts in the ancestral area; The conflicts can take their own dynamics and can be potentially disruptive unless Euroestudios S.L. 47 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) anticipatory measures are put in place utilizing customary practices and institutions of conflict resolution such as the Bodong. The Kalinga Bodong which used to be lex non scriptura (unwritten law) has been codified by Kalinga Bodong Congress (convened by the Kalinga Bodong Council) into the Pagta (law of the Bodong). The Congress which is held every five years since 1989 effectively federates more or less 2,000 individual Bodong (peace pact) holders. The system so far has been spared of the conflicts that have taken place in the upstream ancestral areas, which are oftentimes not water- related. Whenever disagreements on water use occur, the IA leaders and Barangay authorities are able to mediate immediately to prevent any untoward conflict. At the moment the scale of conflicts have remained minor and are immediately resolved. This meant that the Bodong has not been invoked at any instance in the history of the system's operation. While there have been no recent conflicts in the UCRIS area between tribal groups and other ethnic groups, the history of conflict in the upstream ancestral area should provide a basis for concern. While it is unlikely, the highly productive Quezon service area remains vulnerable to the IPs exercise of preferential rights over the water supply, given that the area depends on the Kalinga Intake. The swidden farming activities of the Apayao Isnegs in the watershed of the Pudtol intake is also a cause for concern for lAs in the Apayao- Abulug intake. 94. There are three indigenous sub-tribes of the Kalingas, with a majority representation in the system namely, the Sumadels, Butbut and Tulgao, although there is a host of other sub-tribes scattered in the service areas. The elders confirm that they were drawn to settle and farm in Tabuk, because of the operation of the Irrigation system. The introduction of modern irrigation has also helped eradicate the dreaded malaria disease over the years. The IPs maintains that their economic conditions have immensely benefited from the construction and operation of the irrigation system. The consultations have drawn a consensus among the different Kalinga tribes represented in the system, including the non-Kalinga groups on the benefits of the proposed rehabilitation and improvement of the system. 95. The presence of the sub-tribes in the service areas of the system, including those occupying informal settlements is attributed to the modern irrigation system, which guarantees sustained supply of water. As such it is quite possible that these sub-tribes have migrated from the areas now covered by Kalinga CADC (#30) in Tanudan, covering 40,782 hectares. There are spillover areas in the adjoining town of Tabuk, where the system is located. There are two other CADCs granted to the Kalingas and these belong to the sub-tribes in Balbalan (CADC 116= 56,030 has) and Tinglayan (CADC # 128 =22,975 has). The National Commission of Indigenous Peoples Office In Kalinga however has certified that the system is not covered by any existing CADT. 96. The social structure and relations of the Kalingas can sometimes confuse the interested observer. The Kalingas represent an ethno linguistic group, which are considered to be the indigenous Peoples of the Province of Kalinga. The popular nomenclature of sub-groups has been associated with the towns or the barangays where they traditionally come from. Anthropologically, these barangay and town tribes belong to ethnographically defined tribal associations For instance, there are TSAs where specific groups are variously identified as Pangol, Balbalan, Pasil, Mangali, Calaccad, Naneng, Dananao, Tanglag, Tubog, Taloctoc and Suyang. There are specific cases, where turn-out service associations are dominated by a single sub-tribe. A case in point is where there are three TSAs in the Main Diversion Canal, dominated by the Lubuagans and two TSAs by the Tinglayans. Except for at least 5 other turn-outs which Euroestudios S.L. 48 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) are exclusively composed of two sub-tribes, all the other TSAs in nine IA groups are composed of mixed associations of Kalinga Tribes, Igorots, tribes from the Mt. Province ( Bontocs, Bago, Sadangga) and Ilocanos. 97. Tensions between various user groups within and outside the system belonging to different indigenous, migrant groups and lowland farmers can erupt anytime unless strong institutional measures are put in place. This situation applies to the Batutu and Lupon river irrigation systems. The upstream watershed is controlled by the Mandaya tribes through an ancestral domain title. The potentially intrusive effect of the Mandaya IPs' Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC) over mining applications has agitated concerned irrigators in the lowland areas of Compostela and Lupon. The IPs preparation of their ADSDPPs has proceeded without any form of consultations with the lowland farmers groups. This lack of interaction has resulted to information gaps and distorted perceptions between the IP and IA groups. Strategy for Indigenous Cultural Communities 98. It is essential that NIA should seek the assistance of NCIP in documenting typologies of tribal governance. This implies knowing the set of structures and processes traditionally observed by the indigenous cultural communities in running the affairs of the community. A starting point will be to establish where the tribal leaders are and the community's perception of tribal leadership. It's also essential to determine whether customary tribal institutions such as the Kalinga Bodong are still relevant and effective local institutions. If this tribal element still exists, tribal Bodong leaders can be tapped to serve as facilitators. Under the aegis of the Kalinga Bodong Council, an agreement-covenant, which approximates their traditional pagta, can be forged among the Kalinga tribes to fully support the initiatives of the PIDP. Corollarily, Because of the multi-ethnic characteristic of the system's service areas, a system -wide covenant should likewise be installed to ensure that other migrant cultural groups are protected from reverse discrimination. 99. In certain situations where ICCs/lPs exercise strategic control over the watershed which supports and influences system function, the lAs will have to consult with the IP groups. The process should lead into some form of agreement that will identify and bind the parties into areas of action and cooperation. The prevailing framework as outlined in the IRR of the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act should provide the template in firming up the site and community -specific strategy. Whenever applicable, customary laws and practices will have to be followed in IP-influenced areas, while mainstream laws and procedures apply in non-IP influence areas. (Annex 6). 5.4. Local Government Units (LGUs) 100. The LGUs represent a highly influential entity in the operation and management of irrigation systems, whether communal or national .A case in point is the controversial takeover by the Alicia Municipal Local Government Unit of the system area under its jurisdiction, which remains to be challenged by NIA. Under the Local Government Code (RA 7160), the LGUs carry the burden of maintaining a balanced ecology and the general public welfare (Sec.16). It is therefore essential to take proper cognizance of the roles and influence of LGUs in the delivery of services, particularly water. In view of the * area managership role of the LGU, it has to be recognized that their public good mandate extends to the watersheds and river systems that support the NIA irrigation Euroestudios S.L. 49 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) systems. LGUs can take special interest on a development project, if these will redound to new jobs, increased land productivity, broadened tax base and greater competitiveness, especially if it provides value addition to current projects. LGUs also are able to exercise their mandate on the reclassification of alienable and disposable lands within their territorial jurisdiction. Within prescribed limits (15% of agricultural lands), the LGUs have the power to reclassify agricultural lands into other uses (residential, commercial, institutional and special use area), following its approved Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and zoning ordinance. It is no understatement therefore that LGUs can have a very important stake not only in the rehabilitation of the system, but as well as in its long term management. 101. The delineation of the extent of service areas of the subprojects did not consider boundaries of barangays and municipalities but rather topographic condition and water availability. This means that where water could reach by gravity flow considering terrain and adequacy is the basis of delineating service areas. This resulted in service areas encompassing whole or part of barangays without regard to the municipality under which said barangays belong. The service areas of the subprojects partly or fully lay in 5 cities and 158 municipalities, in 37 provinces Put altogether, the municipal local governments and barangay LGUs in the 23 sites sampled represent a creative source of support for the systems. LGUs are able to internally generate resources on top of their internal revenue allotment. They are uniquely positioned to assist the lAs through allocations from their 20% development fund. For instance, the LGU of Luna Apayao has allocated a multi-year budget of 600,000 pesos of the maintenance of the Apayao. The LGUs have special interest in the irrigation system, since the lAs and their families represent a major sector in the local economy. Besides, the service area is a source of tax revenue from the real property taxes paid by the farmers. In return, some LGUs, such as the LGU OF Compostela, are able to extend material, financial and technical assistance mainly through their agricultural programs. The LGU of Lalla, Lanao del Norte was able to release funds to repair sections of a badly damaged canal. These instances, serve to highlight the capacity of the system's host LGUs to share in the maintenance of the systems, even with their limited resources. 102. The LGU of Quezon, Isabela was able to allocate counterpart funds for the purchase of a backhoe for the Irrigator Associations. In another case, the municipality of Infanta has earmarked 2 million pesos for its Sustainable Agriculture and Fishery Program, which include among its beneficiaries, farmer-members of the Agos river irrigation system. LGU policies can sometimes provide relief measures to some systems. This is exemplified by the LGU of Flora, Apayao which has successfully prohibited Swidden cultivation in their watershed, which supports the Apayao intake of the AAIS. Similarly, the LGU of Solana has adopted a customized solid waste management ordinance for the protection of the Solana system. 103. There are lAs which have taken advantage of the participatory space in local governance by gaining accreditation and participation in local special bodies such as the Municipal Development Council. Here the lAs are able to present their issues and concerns and eventually position their advocacy and demands for support. In One specific case, the local government of Cabagan (San Pablo-Cabagan IS) is able to cast a safety net by assuming payment for back accounts of lAs, who were constrained by the effects of calamities. On the other hand, lAs have yet to put on the local governance platform, issues that relate to environmental safety. These include the prevailing case of schistosomiasis in the Maranding system, the recurring solid waste disposal problem in Euroestudios S.L. 50 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) areas covered by THIRIS, the mining issue in Compostela (Batutu IS), unresolved disputes with the Colocol Communal Irrigation System (NV-BIS) and the high risk operations of seed production companies in Lupon, Davao Oriental. Strategy for Local Governments 104. It is essential that the project should establish an early link with LGUs, A protocol with LGUs can be devised to resolve issues on squatting and enforcement of ecological solid waste management within canal systems. The Sanggunian Bayan will have to be engaged to review existing policies and formulate corresponding measures to deal with the issue of informal settlements. In the case of solid waste disposal, the Solid Waste Management Board can serve as a suitable venue for drawing policies, plans and actions directed towards canal protection. 105 Wile it is not clearly within its mandate, the PIDP should be positioned in a manner that will also help develop the menu for the LGU's Gender and Development Program. Most LGUs have responded to investing on a 5% (out of the 20% development fund) GAD budget. However, there are no clear statements on how the budget will be rationalized in their operations. Some responsive LGUs will need guidance on how to operate their GAD budget and develop indicators of these are effectively used. 5.5. National Government Agencies (NGAs) 106 Several national agencies with sometimes overlapping mandates have critical roles to play in managing the environmental and social risks of development project. a. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) 107 The primary government agency responsible for determining the environmental compliance (and social acceptability) of the proposed rehabilitation projects. DENR has primary jurisdiction over the watersheds and declared protected area supporting the irrigation systems (e.g. Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park), except for community watersheds which have been delineated and devolved to local government units. The DENR is the agency responsible for approving mineral development projects, in areas which could have negative externalities on the functioning of irrigation systems. However, until representations were made during the course of the assessment, the DENR is largely unaware of the PIDP and the concerns the Irrigator Associations. 108 Participation Strategy. Participation protocols for DENR could be designed based on their Key Result Areas, such as integrated solid waste management, watershed management including multipartite monitoring and evaluation. In the case of UCRIS, the irrigation sector can be linked with the DENR-sponsored study for the proposed Chico River Watershed Management Authority. In areas such as in Region 11, where priority watersheds have been identified, NIA through PIDP can initiate dialogues/roundtable discussions to arrive at a clear understanding of the links of priority watersheds in securing irrigation systems. In Region 2, there exist venues for linking the irrigation systems to DENR protection initiatives such the Penablanca Protected Landscape and the Northeast Cagayan Protected Landscape and Seascapes. Euroestudios S.L. 51 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) b. Department of Agriculture (DA). 109 Under the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA), the DA has standing policies to delineate and establish the Network of Protected Agricultural Areas, through the LGUs. The agency is also responsible for promoting the GMA Rice Hybrid Intensification Program, which has been adopted by some IA members. The modification of farming systems is influenced significantly by programs instituted by the Agency such as the promotion of Integrated Pest Management, which has been widely adopted in Cagayan Valley, with encouraging results. c. National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP). 110 The NCIP exercises jurisdiction over areas declared as part of the ancestral domain of indigenous peoples (RA 8371). The NCIP is primarily responsible for documenting and delineating ancestral lands and issuing native titles. It also administers the legal requirements for the formulation of the Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Plan, which serves as the basis for the rationalized determination of Free and Prior Informed Consent. The Batutu Irrigation System is surrounded across the upstream by the 92,000 hectare Mansaka- Mandaya ancestral domain, and Lupon IS, by the Mandaya CADT. UCRIS is also linked with the ancestral domain of the Balbalan, Tinglayan, Tanudan and Lubuagan towns in Kalinga. The Apayao side of AAIS is likewise bounded by the upstream CADT of the Apayao Isnegs. 111 Participation Strategy. The NCIP's participation will be needed in clarifying issues on mining applications in ancestral domain lands in the Compostela Valley and Lupon areas. NIA has started to engage the NCIP and IP representatives in a series of consultation meetings. The processes are intended to establish the plafform, where IP issues are validated and broker consensus over project implementation. Agreements-in- principle are being made within the framework of the Ancestral Domains Sustainable Development and Protection Plan (ADSDPP) of the Mandayas. Following the Batutu and Lupon models, the NCIP likewise has to be engaged in the UCRIS area to delineate IP areas and in facilitating covenants among the Kalinga sub-tribes and other IP migrant tribes on water governance. This can serve as the central basis for developing an Irrigation sector-specific Indigenous Peoples Development Plan. This can be made a subset of the formulation of the future Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan. 112 The participation of LGU, DENR, DA, and NCIP in ensuring the long-term viability and integrity of NIA's systems can be cultivated through event-driven activities. NIA can devise thematic activities, in congruence with the specific observances of different agencies. For instance, during environment month and earth day celebrations, NIA can sponsor activities coinciding or complementing agency program of the DENR. During the IP month celebration, NIA can sponsor IP activities within the affected systems, in coordination with NCIP. 6. Institutional Arrangements for Participation and Project Delivery 113 For reasons that social concerns are best highlighted in environmental impact assessment activities, the corresponding institutional arrangements combine both environmental and social platforms. This will allow coordinated and balanced consideration for environmental and social measures. Euroestudios S.L. 52 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Roles Responsibilities EU-NIA Planning Formulate mitigating measures and plans on environmental impacts, including social measures or safeguards Policy Lead role in formulating environmental guidelines and support procedures including social measures (GAD, IP) Project Prepare loan proposals and related documents preparation Technical Review and conduct pre-feasibility and feasibility studies support Perform the lead role in the conduct of environmental and social safeguards screening process Provide technical assistance to field NiSs Offices on social assessment and monitoring. Prepare/assist in meeting social acceptability requirements for ECC applications Facilitator Facilitate environmental and social development activities at the national level Monitoring Consolidate/validate monitoring reports NIA-Region Planning Formulate impact mitigation/enhancement and social safeguards plans Coordinator Coordinate with other agencies, NIA-EU, LGUs and lAs on various regional level concerns on the environment and social risk management Facilitator Facilitate environmental and social assessment at the regional level Technical Assist in environmental data/information gathering and social Support analysis Prepare/assist in IEE documents /EMP plans and ECC applications Assists in environmental screening and social risk assessment Monitoring Prepare/review monitoring reports NIA-NISs Planning Prepare project plans and designs according to specifications Facilitator Facilitate activities at the system level Implementor Implement mitigating/enhancement and social safeguard measures Technical Provide needed data and information needed reports Support Assist in environmental screening and social risk assessment Assist in IEE and social analyses of respective NIS Assist in preparation of ECC applications and social acceptability requirements, such as programmatic consultations Monitoring Assist monitoring of social safeguards, and environmental impacts/parameters/mitigating measures Irrigators Community Information and education of community/farmer-members to Associations mobilization elicit active participation in environmental concerns (lAs) and Planning Assist in the preparation of project plans and designs Federation of Implementor Conduct regular operation and maintenance work along lAs (FIAs) canals Technical Provide needed data and information support Monitoring Active participation in monitoring environmental impacts/parameters Development Prioritization of environmental activities and forward same to planner the LGUs at the barangay and municipal wherever applicable Euroestudios S.L. 53 Social Assessment (SA) Report, November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Stakeholder Roles Responsibilities Conflict Conduct of conflict resolution among members of the lAs and manager FlAs on environmentally-related matters. Local Development Incorporate the needs of the irrigation sector in the plans, Government Planning policies, and investment program of the LGUs that may Units (LGUs) address the social and environmental concerns of the lAs and NIA Financial Provide financial and logistical support on social and support environmental measures and other related-activities Provide subsidy to organic fertilizers Technical Provide data/information for IEE preparation /ECC support applications Agricultural Provide technical advices on IPM, organic fertilizers, and other Extension environmentally-friendly agricultural practices Trainor Provide training Mediator Settlement of conflicts beyond IA and NIA capacity to resolve or upon request Enforcement of agreed sanctions among parties at local level Monitoring Assist in the monitoring activities DENR Technical Provide facilitative support on stakeholder consultations and Support consensus building technical support on the preparation of IEEs, ECCs and other relevant documents Provides technical support in monitoring Provide relevant data and information Review, validate and approve the ECC Trainor Provides training Financial Provides financial support on environmental * Support mitigating/enhancement measures Monitoring Active participation in monitoring process Policy Issuance of, and/or representations on required policy in Support support to environmental assessment and management and enforcement of same NCIP Technical Assist in activities involving Indigenous Peoples Support Provide data and information Monitoring Assist in monitoring Department of Technological Delivery of technological trainings and support programs Agriculture support particularly on [PM and organic fertilizer use. Provide relevant information to farmers on environmentally - friendly practices and technology Technical Provide data and information needed in environmental reports support Trainor Provides training Monitoring Assist in monitoring participation, especially in RP- affected systems and on the environment-side, the use of pesticides and other chemicals Policy Issuance of, and/or representation on required policy in support support to the project World Bank Financier and Provision of required/agreed financial support to project technical implementation, in timely manner adviser Reviews relevant documents and provide needed advices. Provide international best practices relevant to Philippine setting 0 Euroestudios S. L. 54 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 7. Gallery of Good Practices 114 These practices are more than just random coping mechanisms by the resource strapped lAs, but are careful and deliberate courses of action which have a clearly appreciated strategic value to the system (Table 8) Participation and Local Governance 115 There are systems which have made advances in the arena of local governance, emerging as illustrative cases for "best as of the moment" responses to external threats and opportunities to the irrigation system. For instance, lAs in Batutu RIS participate in local special bodies through accreditation and participation in Municipal Development Councils. In the case of THIRIS, lAs, barangay officials, and municipal LGU are represented in the system management committee (THIRIS). The Agos system is also involved in the multisectoral watershed committee of which the local government serves as the convenor. 116 In the Quezon-sector of the Upper Chico systems, the lAs were able to leverage with their respective LGUs for equipment funding. In the Maranding system, the LGUs of Tubod and Lala extended funds for the repair of damaged canals and maintenance support, fertilizer and seed subsidies through tripartite memorandum of agreement. 117 The recurring problem of siltation of the Palawig River has prompted the IA of the Visitacion Irrigation System in Sta. Ana, Cagayan to form a citizens' watchdog, in an effort to curb illicit logging and slash and burn cultivation of their watersheds. The IA was able to successfully petition for the deputation of IA members as forest officers. At present 26 IA members take part in the activities Task Force Bantay Gubat (VIS). 118 For its fearless advocacy and vigilance, the IA in the Tumauini IS has earned a seat in PAMB. The IA took action when the extremes of flooding and water shortage began to be experienced as a result of continued watershed degradation. NIA and the LGU of Infanta, Quezon take part in policy and problem-solving deliberations in the locally organized Watershed Rehabilitation Committee. The lAs of the Pinacanauan River Irrigation System has linked with the "Dannum ti Umili (Water for the Community), a citizen movement based in Tuguegarao to develop a common platform for water governance. The lAs of the Solana PIS has succeeded in sponsoring local legislation which enabled the local government to pass a special municipal ordinance on solid waste management and canal cleanliness. Gender and Development 119 The chronic absences during meetings in the male -dominated Irrigation Association in the Abulug-Amulung Irrigation System has prompted the leadership of the West-side sector to extend automatic membership to the wives of IA members. As a consequence ,women now enjoy regular representation in the BOD of the component Irrigator Associations. The Women-led irrigator association (Division C) in the Maranding River Irrigation System is able to achieve performance in member participation as shown in significantly high rates of ISF collection. The IA has broken barriers in the stereotyped roles of women as collectors and records keepers to managers and policy makers. For this feat, the association has received awards for its exemplary and sustained performance. Euroestudios S.L. 55 0 Social Assessment (SA) Report ,November 2 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Table 8. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES GOOD PRACTICES IN CANDIDATE SYSTEMS MENU OF AAIS MARIS SPIS TRIS UCRIS VIS PRACTICES Gender and Wives are entitled Women-led Development to automatic Division IA able to membership with post highest equal rights and collection privileges as male efficiencies within members the system and the region Resource Farmers able to Quezon lAs able Generation source multiyear to acquire funding support buckhoe from local equipment with government counterpart funds (Dagupan IA) from LGU Collection IA federation able to Efficiency post highest collection efficiency in the region Containment of canal zone evenly Informal protected from Settlement informal settlements Control of Water IAfederation lAs able to lead Source actively involved "Bantay Gubat" Task ion protected area Force to protect management of watershed from illegal watershed; sits as activities; 27 IA member of the local membes deuIz PAMB members deputized as forest officers Policy and IAable to sponsor Enforcement ordinance on canal protection and cleanliness adopted by the Municipal local government Involvement in IA represented in IA Federation sits in the Participatory Local the MDC MDC as PO Governance representative Euroestudios S. L. 56 Social Assessment (SA) Report,November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 9. References Cernea, Michael M. , 1990 Poverty Risks from Population Displacement in Water Resources. Development Discussion Paper No.355, Harvard Institute for International Development Cernea, Michael M. 1988. Involuntary Settlement in Development Projects: Policy Guidelines in World Bank-Financed Projects. World Bank Technical Paper Number 80 Government of the Republic of the Philippines. 1996. Project Policy Framework for Resettlement of Project Affected Families. Water Resources Development Project. Government of the Republic of the Philippines..1985. Executive Order 1035, Series of 1985, issued by the President of the Philippines. Providing for the Procedures and Guidelines for the Expeditious Acquisition by the Government of Private Real Properties or Rights Thereon for Infrastructure and Other Government Development Projects. Murdock and Leistriz. 1980. The Socio-economic Impact of Resource Development. Methods for Assessment. West View Press, Boulder Colorado The Kalinga Bodong, 1998. Kalinga Bodong Congress, Inc. The World Bank. December 2003. Social Analysis Sourcebook. Incorporating Social Dimensions into Bank-supported Projects. The World Bank. January 2002. Integrating Gender into the World Bank's Work: Strategy for Action. Social Assessment, In Social Development Notes, ESSD. Sept. 1995 The World Bank. December 2001. Involuntary Settlement. The World Bank Operational Manual, Operational Policies. Euroestudios S.L. 57 *N e Fif iML '* >} ,, t A 7] Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Annex 1 Conduct of Sociall Assessment (EA) Study Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) World Bank-Japan PHRD Grant For PIDP Preparation A. Background and Introduction NIA has proposed for possible Bank assistance the rehabilitation/improvement of National Irrigation Systems (NISs) combined with a program for Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) under the Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP). Proposed for an accelerated program lending borrowing, the first of the three-phase project will cover fourteen (14) priority NISs (Core A) for intensive rehabilitation/improvement and forty-four (44) (Core B) recently rehabilitated NISs for sustenance of IMT and support to minor repair needs. The TOR specifies the requirement for assessing potential impacts of 14 Core A NISs and 44 Core B NISs. It is understood, however, that since Core A NISs are to be provided with intensive rehabilitation, more attention is required for these NISs to help prepare environmental and social mitigation measures, plans and cost estimates. This proposal aims to fulfill the requirements for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments in connection with the ongoing PIDP Project Preparation Assistance. B. Terms of Reference (TOR) The consultants are expected to conduct an analysis of the potential impacts (positive and negative) of the PIDP Phase I considering the following; * applicability of the Bank safeguard policies on PIDP-1, in particular, policies on environmental assessment, pest management and dam safety; * environmental development performance and issues of previous Bank-funded NIA projects (IOSP-2 and WRDP); * scale appropriate to the project, of the legal and institutional framework to those affected by resettlement, the indigenous peoples (IPs), irrigators' associations (lAs), Local Government Units (LGUs), and other stakeholders * gender-related concerns; * social impact of retrenchment in NIA resulting from implementation of Rationalization Plan (this is in relation to environmental management concerns). Based on the analysis, the consultants are expected to deliver the following outputs: * Practical environmental guidelines, including screening mechanism for the conduct of NIS-specific environmental assessment; * Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Checklists and/or reports to core NISs that would be required to secure Environmental Compliance Certificates (ECC) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR); * Assessment of potential increase in the usage of chemical pesticides by lAs resulting from NIS rehabilitation/improvement or where necessary, recommendations to strengthen [PM knowledge and adoption by farmers; * assessment of capability and training needs of participating lAs, Environmental Unit of NIA and training programs to strengthen capability for environmental management; Euroestudios S.L. 1 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) * necessary revisions on the WRDP "Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework and Guidelines" based on lessons learned from previous Bank projects including safeguard provisions on land donations, possibly including provisions for: an outline of the steps, policy and requirements of mitigation measures carried out during PIDP implementation; and monitoring and assessment of the training needs of NIA, LGUs, and lAs in the implementation and monitoring of social measures; * a proposed gender mainstreaming plan to enhance primary stakeholders' preparation using the harmonized Gender and Development (GAD) guidelines developed and approved by NEDA as basis; * strategy for participation of important and influential stakeholders in various stages of the project cycle; * socio-economic profile of identified stakeholders groups and identification of opportunities for eco-tourism, micro-enterprise development, other livelihood options, etc.; * culturally appropriate process for consultation with IPs; * inventory of project-affected households based on design and securing copies of documents supporting claims and other data requirements for Resettlement Action Planning (RAP) * determining absorptive capacity of stakeholder communities (level of knowledge and skills, social and political environment, capabilities of lAs and other community-based organizations and institutions and available community resources; * prediction of impacts, mitigating/enhancement measures with corresponding cost per measure and responsible unit/institution/ agency for inclusion in site-specific environmental management plans and environmental monitoring plans. C. Comments on the TOR The Terms of Reference specified clearly the expectations from the consultants and signified a ready pool of counterpart staff to work with, that is, the PIDP preparation team. In spite of this, a few concerns are still identified, in view of the limited time frame, but were considered in the proposed approach and methodology. * The tasks would require review of several documents including individual Feasibility Study Reports. Time constraint is the main predicament initially noted upon review of the TOR. * The consultants are aware that there are no baseline information on most environmental and social aspects, hence, it is assessed that the socio-economic survey will require most efficient and effective strategies to meet the TOR expectations. * Likewise, the magnitude of design review would require NIA staff assistance in expediting activities. D. Methodology The EA and SA studies were led by two (2) consultants each worked on each specific study. The team was assisted by NIA counterpart staff at the Central Office who shall provide assistance in data and information gathering and facilitating arrangements needed by the study team. NIA has assigned counterpart field staff who shall likewise provide needed support in the field particularly during the walk-through and in mobilizing the beneficiaries and stakeholders during field interviews. Coordination was undertaken with other agencies, Euroestudios S.L. 2 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) institutions and organizations that are working in the area where the irrigation systems are located. The assessment studies covered all fourteen (14) Core A NISs and four (4) sample Core B projects. While it was not possible to cover all of the 58 NISs, the assessments was focus on the analysis of the 14 Core A projects that entail major rehabilitation works, and which may provide significant adverse impacts on the environment and social sectors. Sample Core B projects was assessed to come up with guidelines on environmental assessment. Available secondary data was reviewed and analyzed. To fill the data gaps, primary data was generated through a variety of assessment methods to include focus group discussions (FGD) workshops, key informants interview, and stakeholders consultation meetings. Due to the limited timeframe allotted to these studies, detailed and rigid data gathering methods such as questionnaire surveys was not used. Throughout the study, a participatory approach was adopted that took into considerations the ideas and insights of major stakeholders in the area such as the Irrigators Associations (lAs), Local Government Units (LGUs) and NIA staff. In order to further assess the potential impacts of rehabilitation works, a walk through of the proposed systems was undertaken with NIA staff and IA groups. This activity validated the design on the ground. Topographic maps and system maps were used, when available, during the walk-through. Environmental issues recurrent in the individual system were documented. Individual Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Checklist was formulated for each Core A NIS that has not been issued with any form of environmental clearance by EMB-DENR. The description of environmental impacts were identified and assessed for significance. Eventually, mitigating measures were determined and a monitoring plan has been prepared. Recurrent issues in the individual A description of crosscutting issues, and environmental impacts was formulated with corresponding mitigating measures. E. Workplan The conduct of the environmental and social assessments was carried out according to the following Workplan. 1. Planning This activity will be conducted jointly by the EIA and the SIA experts. Inasmuch as the consultants already have exposure and access to PIDP Documents and other relevant sources, this advantage was utilized to expedite the task performance. The consultants reviewed the overall TOR of PIDP, Implementation Completion Reports of IOSP 2 and WRDP, World Bank safeguard and policies and requirements, and other relevant policies, the start-up activities within the first week of engagement involved planning for the execution of assessment activities. Specific activities involved: i) Firming up of applicable findings from documents which were reviewed in the course of engagement under PIDP Project Preparation Assistance. ii) Further documents review which was continuous and intermittent, as other documents were identified during the course of task performance. Euroestudios S.L. 3 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) iii) Discussions with the PIDP Project Coordination Office to clarify and validate detailed expectations and to review available subproject designs. Review of subproject designs at * this stage enabled the team to assess magnitude of project impact on subprojects. Identification of target subprojects will be based on criteria as follows: * Presence of indigenous peoples to be affected by the project, positively or negatively as the first priority * Subprojects with known resistance of stakeholders * Subprojects with threats of environmentally and/or socially adverse impacts * Subprojects with possible positive environmental and/or social impacts The list of data and information that was requested originally contained the following. However, most of the data had to be reconstructed and assembled from various sources in view of the difficulty to get an organized set as presented. *: Description of the irrigation system/subproject 1. Project Rationale 2. Subproject/System Description * exact location of the project system in terms of geographical coverage- sitio; * barangay, municipal, province; * include map coordinates of the whole system area; * map (include map coordinates) of the proposed PIDP-1 major rehab/ intervention/structure design and its service area. 3. Project Information * the details of project start, components, budget, etc * include details of issuance of environmental certificates (ECC, CNC, CE) * put the Environmental Certificates as annexes. 4. Describe the Project Phases or the intervention process * pre-construction/operational phase; * construction phase; * operational phase; * abandonment phase. *: Description of Social and Environmental Setting 1. Physical Environment (e.g. geology, soils, topography, water and water quality, air quality, etc.) 2. Biological Environment (terrestrial flora/fauna; aquatic ecology, natural resources, etc.) 3. Socio-Cultural, Economic and Political Profile (demographic, health, culture, employment, livelihood, displacement, gender, etc.). * include information on Indigenous peoples, geographical territory, description of culture, etc. * right of way (ROW) issues- the number of families to be affected/displaced, type and number of cases, cost of properties * profile of irrigators associations (lAs), and other institutions such as LGUs *: Others Euroestudios S.L. 4 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) * feasibility study reports * NIA monitoring reports on compliance to environmental certificates * conditions. * municipal comprehensive land use plans * LGU development plans * municipal agricultural and fisheries development plan * any environmental and social studies conducted in the area * studies on indigenous peoples in the area * SAFDZ maps * Topographic map showing the drainage system. there are identified indigenous peoples, the consultants will assist NIA in coordinating with the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) for the need for field-based investigation. iv) Preparation of schedules, strategies and tools. The consultants prepared schedules of succeeding activities, together with the counterpart staff as well as discussed on the guide questions and activity designs which were used in the ensuing field assessment and beneficiary assessment. . 2. Field Assessment Consultations were made in the field with lAs, LGUs, and NIA staff/offices concerned. Other agencies like NCIP, DOH, and DENR were likewise invited to join the meetings (Annex A). Review of subproject-specific profiles, programs and designs were made. A walk-through was undertaken with NIA and lAs on specific Core A NISs to determine the potential * environmental and social impacts of proposed rehabilitation works under PIDP-1. The potential impacts was tabulated and assessed with corresponding enhancement and mitigating measures, and consolidated into the environmental management plan (EMPs) and environmental monitoring plans (EMoPs). Field assessments was conducted for 3 weeks covering the period June 19- July 8, 2006.(Annex B) 3. BeneficiaryAssessment The SIA took the lead role in this activity according to the major tasks below: * Establishment of the legal and institutional framework applicable to those affected by resettlement- the indigenous peoples, lAs, LGUs, and other stakeholders. This part of the task will have been done prior to the social impact assessment at field level. * Identification of affected stakeholder communities. In this project, assessment will focus on stakeholder communities, rather than the usual focus on project affected families. * Establishing extent of effect on stakeholder communities. * Determination of absorptive capacities of stakeholder communities in relation to the project. Euroestudios S.L. 5 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Imrigation Development Project (PIDP) Preparation of environmental management plans with mitigation/enhancement measures, cost estimates, responsible agency, and, environmental monitoring plans. i.) Establishinq baseline on stakeholder communities. This required data/information on major stakeholder groups. The consultants focused the assessment on the Institutional Assessment of the three key players of the proposed project- the lAs, NIA and the LGUs to determine their willingness and organizational competence to manage the expectations of the Project. A field investigation was done to see if there were groups to be affected by Right-of-Way and involuntary resettlement. Particular to IPs, identification and description of land and territory traditionally owned or occupied by them is necessary. Then, a culturally appropriate process for consultation was developed. In this case, guidance/assistance was sought from the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) as well as the tribal leaders particularly in UCRIS. ii) Preparation of tools for beneficiary assessment. Since the identified major stakeholders are institutions that have been in operation for years, it was expected that they have capacities for assessing possible impacts of subprojects. The consultants initially identified the most appropriate and effective assessment method. This was done through consultation workshops resulting in stakeholder disclosure of their outlook on the project, its expected impact on them, their assessment of their absorptive capacities, proposed institutional arrangements, and finally, an identification of their intended contributions to the project. The consultants prepared a generic workshop design and guide, pre-tested it in one subproject, and prepared plans, jointly with counterparts, for replication in other subprojects. As local situations differ, adjustments and alternative strategies were made. iii) Conduct beneficiary assessment sessions. The consultants conducted succeeding beneficiary assessment sessions in other subprojects. As implementation in all subprojects was not possible given the short time frame, the consultants pre-selected the target subprojects. During the conduct of consultation sessions, the participation of NIA staff and counterparts was enjoined in information sharing, mobilization of participants and gathering of necessary data and information. 4. Processing and analysis of findings Data/information gathered was processed and analyzed on a per subproject basis. 5. Presentation of findings and preliminary analysis with PIDP/NIA management Findings and preliminary analysis were forwarded to NIA and WB for comments. 6. Preparation of draft Environmental and Social Assessment Reports. The Draft Environmental Assessment Reports contained the discussion and analysis of findings relative to environmental assessment of 14 Core A NIS and 4 sample Core B NIS. The report is presented according to the agreed outline (Annex C) Euroestudios S.L. 6 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 7 Presentation of draft Environmental and Social Assessment Reports to the Bank. O In accordance with the specifications in the TOR, the consultants forwarded the draft report to the Bank before finalization was made. This was to facilitate Bank clearance to the Final Environmental Assessment Report. The minimum expectation would be a report containing analysis results and recommendations and other major outputs as listed under "Understanding of the Terms of Reference." 8. Finalization of Report. Upon acquisition of Bank reaction on the draft report, the consultants proceeded with the finalization, incorporating all supporting documents and written explanations as may be necessary. 0 Euroestudios S. L. 7 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Details of Persons Met Annex la Name Gender Position/Desi nation T Office/A ency Remarks June 19, 2006 - Lalik RIS - Lalik RIS Office Napoleon Bato Male Sr. Engr. A Lalik RIS Larry C. Franada Male Engr A Lalik RIS Edwin Chavez Male Sr. Engr B Lalik RIS Renato Cosmod Male - Lalik RIS June 20, 2006 - Lupon IS - Lupon IS Office, Lupon, Davao Oriental Bonifacio Ysalina Male Irrigation Superintendent Lupon IS Wilfredo L. Maatu Male President, Division A IA Lupon IS Pastor L. Rabanes Male President. Division B IA Lupon IS Mike Canakan Male President, Division C IA Lupon IS Panfilo A. Alingalan Male Mun. Agriculturist-Banaybanay Lupon IS Engr. A. Sarigam Male MENRO (designated MPDC staff) Lupon IS Marcelo Roque Male _AT/Sl Lupon IS June 21, 2006 - Batutu RIS - Batutu RIS Office, Compostela, Comval Province Pedro Lomutus Jr Male Irrigation Superintendent, NIA Batutu RIS Salvador Allmilla Male IA President, Labafia Batutu RIS Julian Horluyas Male IA President, Sajolaufio Batutu RIS Lorenzo Baloulou Male IA President, asafia Batutu RIS Rosita Macas Female Municipal Agriculturist Batutu RIS Yolanda Razo Female RIO Batutu RIS Paz Felix Male . IDO Batutu RIS Miguel Gitigan Male MPDC Staff Batutu RIS Ludluni Obeja Male Lamafia Batutu RIS Shirley Iguianon Female NCIP Chairperson Batutu RIS I June 23, 2006 - Maranding RIS - Maranding RIS Office, Maranding, Lala, Lanao del Norte Jocarnine L. Gubat Male OIC, IS, MRIS Maranding RIS Doroteo Anadrin Male IA Vice-Pres. Marsadate Maranding RIS Angeline Obiso Female IA Sec. Bawasancadon Maranding RIS Angela Femeo Female Economist A Maranding RIS Janeth Aguis Female IA Bawasan Cadon Maranding RIS Jose Aguis Male IA Bawasan Cadon Maranding RIS Rosalinda Patino Female NIA-RIO Maranding RIS Nerio Bagalogos Male IA Lamatun Maranding RIS Alberto Simundo Male IA Pres. Crusima Maranding RIS Banitaw Bacwal Male WRFT Maranding RIS Edwin Jambongan Female IA Macabasakpa Maranding RIS Rufo B. Barbanopa Male IA Maris Maranding RIS Melecio A. Lahanosa Male VCRFT Maranding RIS- Jerson Vizcara Male Sr. Engr. B Maranding RIS L. Y Bartolome Male Clerk Pcsr. B/Info Officer Maranding RIS Grace Larino Female IDO A/Loll Rep. Maranding RIS Emiliano Baso Male WRFT Maranding RIS Vicente Gocotaino Male WRFT -_MarandingRIS Lloyd Tacebas - Male_S 11 Maranding RIS ___chisto/Engr. Marietta Ababa Female Schisto Unit Maranding RIS Julieta Dampog Female Engr. A Maranding RIS Grace Roxas Female CPB Maranding RIS Moises Siangco Male IA Pres, Paicusilangka Maranding RIS Ariel Ebale Male Municipal Engr (Lala) Maranding RIS Bonifacio Sumalpong Male MEO Staff Maranding RIS Nelia Adale Female RIO-O&M Maranding RIS Euroestudios S.L. 8 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) June 26, 2006 - Tigman Hinag anan Inarihan RIS - 1:00 pm - THIRIS Office, Naga City Homer E. Diokno Male IS THIRIS Daniel T. Pagares Male WRF-Tender B THIRIS _ R. S. Caweliaw Male IA THIRIS J. A. Chica Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS M. A. Sarcedo Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS E. A. Arandia Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS R. C. Briatu Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS D. R. Ayoro Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Danilo Gonzales Male Centro Maggarao THIRIS Jose Rosales Male IA THIRIS Ernesto C. de los Reyes Sr. Male IA THIRIS Romeo Capal Male IA THIRIS Felipe Aguada Male IA THIRIS Ruben Morino Male Auditor, Division B THIRIS Rodrigo C. Nodado Male President, Division B THIRIS Angel C. Morona Female Vice Pres. Division B THIRIS Nestor Cabrera Male Treasurer, Division B THIRIS John T. Hemady Male Secretary, Division B THIRIS Job V. Morena Male BHIA THIRIS Pablo D. Perez Male Division A THIRIS Ramon V. Rofo Male FBC THIRIS Anastacio R. Ricaforte Male FBC THIRIS Simeon T. Rojas Male CAL DIVA FIA THIRIS David S. Relloso Male Centro Maggarao THIRIS E. L. Rodriguez Male IA THIRIS Olive G. Paz Female IA THIRIS Felisa A. Ando Female IA THIRIS . Plejo Arroyo Male Centro Maggarao THIRIS Julian A. Cefra Male Centro Maggarao THIRIS Salvacion R. Pardo Female Sr. IDO THIRIS Luzviminda N. Martinez Female THIRIS Wilberto Tamel Male HJ Farm THIRIS Juanito Malanyaon Male Division A THIRIS Luis A. Balonido Male IA Pres. Centro Maggarao THIRIS Manuel Verdan Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Benjamin Caceres Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Mauro Pante Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS E. A. Balondo Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Juanito M. Gerona Male NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Dionisio C. Diego Male NIA-RO THIRIS Glenda N. Pelagio Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Ruby B. Vergara Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Joan R. Tesoro Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Aurora S. Natividad Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Josefina A. Orillo Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS Estrella P. Martiro Female NIA-THIRIS THIRIS June 30, 2006 - Bagabag IS 1:10 pm - FGD, Bagabag IS Office, Bagabag, Nueva Viscaya Santiago L. Bulan Male Div. Mgr. IDD NIA-Region 2 Adriano S. Laxamana Male SIDO NIA-Region 2 Turadio C. Padre Male Senior Engineer A NIA-Region 2 Froilan C. Ramirez Male IDO-A NIA-Region 2 Leonardo B. Villegas Male Irrigation Superintendent NVBIS Francisco A. Domingsil Male OIC-PIO NVBIS Rogeliio Lagasca Male IA President NVBIS Clarita T. Ong Female IDO-A NVBIS S Rober L. lacaden Villamor G. Sioco Florentin Cefferino Male Male Male BOD BOD Staff NVBIS NVBIS NVBIS Jonathan G. Racena Male Utility Worker NVBIS Euroestudios S.L. 9 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Carlito Acosta Male Utility Worker NVBIS Mona Emilia N. Viloria Male Utility Worker NVBIS Bernard P. Perolina Male Utility Worker NVBIS Fernando T. Viloria Jr. Male Utility Worker NVBIS Nelson 0. Aquino Male SAA NVBIS E. B. Garingan Male Driver NIA-Region 2 Manuel L. Lopez Male Driver NIA-Region 2 Rodel Cristobal Male Driver NIA-Region 2 July 3, 2006- Mallig RIS -1:25 pm - FGD, Mallig RIS Office, Mallig, Isabela Demetrio V. Costales Male IS Mallig RIS Domingo S. Joson Male FIA President Mallig RIS Vic Franada Male TSA Leader Mallig RIS Sergio Isla Male IA Leader Mallig RIS - Antonio S. laurel Male Lateral A President Mallig RIS Onofre P. Domingo Male IDO Mallig RIS Modesto A. Aungod Male NIA Mallig RIS Alfredo C. Opena Male NIA Mallig RIS Samuel A. Palafox Male WRF Technician Malliq RIS Fernando C. Naguimbing Sr. Male TSG "A" - MRIIS Mallig RIS Manolo A. palafox Male Clerk, Processor Mallig RIS Rogelio N. Barwelo Male Sr. Engineer A Mallig RIS Wilson Balisi Male TSA Leader Mallig RIS Marcelino M. Paule Male Main Canal President Mallig RIS Corazon A. Padua Female SCRO Mallig RIS Jones C. Roarbun Male Utilitv Worker B. Mallig RIS July 3, 2005 - Tumauini IS 4:50 pm - FGD, Tumauani IS Office, Tumauini Marcelo Bassig Male IA Secretary Tumauini IS Mariano Tamag Male IA President Tumauini IS Salvador Tamag Male IA President Tumauini IS Francisco C. Cacal Male IA President Tumauini IS Macelo S. Lagno Male IA President Tumauini IS Florencio T. Rosales Male IA Federation Presedent Tumauini IS Gim C. Puete Male WRFT / IDO Tumauini IS Filomeno T. Tagufa Male WRFT Tumauini IS Reynaldo C. Ranjo Male WRFT Tumauini IS P. L. Florentin Female Sr. Acctg. Pres.-B Tumauini IS Dominador Ramirez Male UOM IA Tumauini IS Roonie M. Bauit Male TIPA IA Tumauini IS C. A. Florentin Jr. Male Cashier-C Tumauini IS Benjamin Laman Male Collector, Rep-NIA Tumauini IS Francisco A. Papa Male Security Guard Tumauini IS July 4, 2006 - Solana PIS 9:10 am - FGD, SPIS/PRIS Office, Solana, Cagayan Engr. Francis G. Yu Male IS PRIS / SPIS Solana PIS Andres M. Abella Male IA President Solana PIS Juan M. Cariaga Male IA Vice President Solana PIS Armando A. Abella Male WRFT Solana PIS Loreto B. Lagandif Male BOD Solana PIS July 4, 2006 - Pinacanauan RIS - 10:20 am - FGD, SPIS/PRIS Office, Solana, Cagayan Engr. Francis G. Yu Male IS PRIS / SPIS Pinacanauan RIS Andres M. Abella Male IA President Pinacanauan RIS Juna M. cariaga Male IA Vice President Pinacanauan RIS Renato D. Domingo Male IA President - Penia IA Pinacanauan RIS ,Loreto B. lagandif Male BOD Pinacanauan RIS lArtemio T. Turbazi Male IA Auditor, IPIA Pinacanauan RIS Agustin S. Tattao Male WRFT Pinacanauan RIS Euroestudios S.L. 10 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) July 4, 2006 - Zinundingan RIS - 2:20 pm - FGD, ZRIS Office, Zinundungan Wilfredo B. Dingayan Male IS ZRIS Zinundungan RIS Jeremy A. Garan Male Municipal Administrator Zinundungan RIS Georqe F. Tayaban Male BOD Zinundungan RIS David Cabutave Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Ernesto Umbrero Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Alessandro M. Terpate Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Baltazar G. Guchral Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Felimon T. Daquioag Jr. Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Rolly P. Aragones Sr. Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Romeo B. Valiente Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Mel Mogaddanes Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Calixto P. Salva Male BOD Zinundungan RIS Niesalie C. Reyes Female IDO Zinundungan RIS Carmelisa G. Ancheta Female IA Treasurer Zinundungan RIS Robert Ageus Male Water Master Zinundungan RIS Milagros M. Pacis Female NIA Staff Zinundungan RIS Benjamin N. Rivera Male NIA Staff Zinundungan RIS Liborio R. Morales Male NIA Staff Zinundungan RIS Larry U. Salvador Male NIA Staff Zinundungan RIS Francisco E. Caypuno Jr. Male NIA Staff Zinundungan RIS July 5, 2006 - West Apayao-Abulug IS - 9:10 am - IA President's Residence, WAAIS Remy Albano Male IA President rWest Apayao-Abulug IS July 5, 2006 - East Apayao-Abulug IS - 10:53 am - FGD, EAAIS, Matucay, Alacapan, Cagayan O Benjamin F. Bayani Alfredo R. Agustin Hector A. Bacaam Male Male OIC / IS BOD EAAIS EAAIS Male BOD EAAIS Meby A. Cabanero Male IA Secretary-NFIA EAAIS Mario L. Viloria Male Sangguniang Barangay/IA Pres. EAAIS Rolando P. Sonita Male Sr. Engineer B EAAIS Nestor A. Tolentino Male BOD EAAIS July 5, 2006 - Banurbur Creek IS - 3:10 pm - FGD, BCIS Office, Banurbur Ernesto G. Collado Male IS Banurbur Creek IS Dominador U. Consigna Male President, NFIA-U, Lal-lo Banurbur Creek IS Dominador C. Bacuyag Male President, NFIA-U, Naguillian Banurbur Creek IS Nerio S. Barangan Male Bgy. Captain Banurbur Creek IS Pedro V. de la Cerna Male Bgy. Captain Banurbur Creek IS Roger llmeng Male Bgy. Kagawad Banurbur Creek IS Alipio R. Valdez Male Sangguniang Barangay Banurbur Creek IS Ferdinand B. Pasos Male Engineer A Banurbur Creek IS Alex lbus Male CPT Banurbur Creek IS Silvestre M. Ursua Male IA President, Zone IV Banurbur Creek IS Joel P. Raguindin Male IA President, Zone 11 Banurbur Creek IS Felix U. Tabarejo Male IA President, Zone IIl Banurbur Creek IS Oscar Arellano Male IA President Banurbur Creek IS Abraham Magyano Male IA President Banurbur Creek IS Edilberto Tagayuna Male IA Treasurer Banurbur Creek IS Romulo Villaspir Sr. Male IA Member Banurbur Creek IS Jeannyfer D. Arellano Female WRF Tender Banurbur Creek IS Lelita G. Monje Female Collection Rep/SDO Banurbur Creek IS Corazon Vagay Female Billing Clerk Banurbur Creek IS Filipina Caro Female CAP-B Banurbur Creek IS Loy Serrano Male BOD, Zone I Banurbur Creek IS Celso B. Silos Male BOD, Zone I Banurbur Creek IS Rogelio V. Aquino Male BOD, Zone 11 Banurbur Creek IS Euroestudios S.L. 11 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Constante Aquino Male BOD, Zone IlIl Banurbur Creek IS Danilo Tabbada Male BOD, Zone IV Banurbur Creek IS Fred Gascon Male Farmer Banurbur Creek IS Cipriana Rabang Female Staff Banurbur Creek IS July 6, 2006 - Visitacion IS - 9:39 am - FGD, VRIS Office, Sta Ana, Cagayan Carlito F. Pentecostes Jr. Male IS Visitacion IS Jose S. Satinua Male IDO Visitacion IS Mario Gragasin Male Sub. Sec. Visitacion IS Gil M. Sotto Male BOD Visitacion IS Rolly S. Lorenzo Male BOD Visitacion IS _ Maximo Agsa Male BOD Visitacion IS Pedro P. Gambala Male BOD Visitacion IS Antonio M. Benigno Male BOD Visitacion IS Kennedy Calixto Male BOT Visitacion IS Rey Agresor Male BOT Visitacion IS Conrado P. Bautista Sr. Male BOT Visitacion IS Fredie A. Miranda Male BOT Visitacion IS Benjamin Arreola Male BOT Visitacion IS Nelson Pebiaron Male SBM-LGU Visitacion IS Jessie Robinion Male Collector Visitacion IS Warlito 1.Bello Male Security Guard Visitacion IS Rufino 1.Bello Male Visitacion IS Moy N. Laluan Male Visitacion IS July 6, 2006 - Dummun RIS - 2:59 pm - FGD, Dummun RIS Office, Nabaccayan, Gattaran, Cagayan (Address) _ James R. Jose Male IS Dummun RIS Alberto N. Castillo Male Barbarit Dummun RIS Danilo D Aragon Male Palagao Sur Dummun RIS Coding Piccos Male Palagao Sur Dummun RIS Fernando R. Luis Sr. Male Dackel Dummun RIS Gavino Accsoil Male Nabanaccagan Dummun RIS Jorge D. Andres Male Calsogan Dummun RIS Isaac Mateo Male Nabaccagan Dummun RIS Victor Medina Male Palaao Sur Dummun RIS Benjamin P. Ulita Male Pala ao Norte Dummun RIS Reonolfo G Domingo Male Laligan Dummun RIS Alexander 0 Alipio Male New Age Dummun RIS Ronel Llanto Male Nabaccagan Dummun RIS Tomas Unite Male Barbarit Dummun RIS Ronald Ngayan Male Barbarit Dummun RIS Cornelio Domingo Male Sta. Ana Dummun RIS Helacio Cinbeg Male Nabaccagan Dummun RIS Miguel Silverio Male Palagao Sur Dummun RIS Columbiano 0. Acosta Male DRIS Dummun RIS Nancy 0. Acosta Female DRIS Dummun RIS Mercedes C. Basilio Female DRIS Dummun RIS Nelson Belmonte Male DRIS Dummun RIS Dominador M. Liwanag Male DRIS Dummun RIS Ruel 0. Lorenzo Male DRIS Dummun RIS Delia U. Guzman Female DRIS Dummun RIS Daniel Tulod Male DRIS Dummun RIS lluminada Coloma Female DRIS Dummun RIS Novelyn Aquino Female DRIS Dummun RIS Edipolo C. Maguera Male DRIS Dummun RIS Euroestudios S.L. 12 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex I Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) July 7, 2006 - Upper Chico RIS - 9:00 am - FGD, Upper Chico RIS Office, Bulanao, Tabuk, Kalinga John S. Socalo Male IS UCRIS Arsenio G. Saliva Male NIA UCRIS Valerio S. Soto Male NIA UCRIS Dale GawiGawen Male IA UCRIS Reyes Atiwag Male IA UCRIS Afredo Tombali Jr. Male IA LGU - DILG UCRIS Michael Lumasi Male IA UCRIS Larry Dawa Male IA UCRIS Nelson Danulas Male IA / LGU UCRIS Elisio Satduen Male IA UCRIS Robert G. Oiya-on Male IA / LGU UCRIS A. de Guzman Jr. Male NIA UCRIS Evaristo A. Aguiao Male NIA-CAR UCRIS Lorenzo D. Alwiyao Male IA UCRIS Santos G. Aloba Male LGU UCRIS Rufina C. Alegre Female LGU UCRIS Glory Viterio Female Bgy. Captain UCRIS Richard L. Lemi Male NIA UCRIS Lolito Trinidad Male NIA UCRIS Alexander D. Alere Male IA / LGU UCRIS Avelino B. Petang Male NIA UCRIS Arsenio Encag Male IA UCRIS William A. Alyang Male NIA UCRIS Gorgenio Oliviano Male NIA UCRIS Vicente Dulagan Male NIA UCRIS Vicente Gungomo Male NIA - KPIMO UCRIS Joseph Paceng Male NIA UCRIS Johnny Baluyan Male IA UCRIS Andrew Mabang Male IA UCRIS Raymundo Apil Male NIA UCRIS lester Tonete Male LGU UCRIS Digir-id Tunog Male IA UCRIS Pedro L. Yu-ing Male LGU / NGO UCRIS Celia A. Arugay Female NIA UCRIS Editha A. Backong Female Bgy. Captain UCRIS Rodolfo S. Duyan Male NIA UCRIS Fred Compos Male IA UCRIS Alex S. Apil Male NIA UCRIS Emilao Gayyad Male NIA UCRIS Romulo Pascua Male NIA UCRIS Travis A Gawigawen Male NIA-CAR UCRIS Gardy Bayanga Male NIA UCRIS I Euroestudios S.L. 13 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, Nober 2006 Annex 1 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Annex lb ITINERARY OF FIELD WORK Date Day Name of System/Location Mode of Trans Remarks 19-Jun-06 Mo Meeting with NIA (AM)/ Field Visit to Lalik NIS, Davao by land Overnight in Davao City Oriental (PM) (Region 11) 20-Jun-06 Tu Lupon NIS, Davao Oriental (Region 11) by land Overnight in Davao City 21-Jun-06 We Batutu NIS, Compostela Valley (Region 11) by land Overnight in Davao City 22-Jun-06 Th Davao to Maranding Lanao Del Norte via Cagayan De Oro by land Overnight in Maranding Womens Center 23-Jun-06 Fr In Maranding RIS, Lanao (Region 10) by land Overnight in Cagayan De Oro City 24-Jun-06 Sa Travel Back to Manila by air Overnight in Manila 25-Jun-06 Sun In Manila, data processing/documentation Overnight in Manila 26-Jun-06 Mo To Naga City (AM)/NIA RIO/(PM) by air, by land Overnight in Naga City, Camarines Sur 27-Jun-06 Tu In THIRIS, Camarines Sur (Region 5)/Calabanga MLGU by land Overnight in Naga City, Camarines Sur -_ (PM)/Magarao Municipal LGU (PM) 28-Jun-06 We To Manila (AM) by air Overnight in Manila 29-Jun-06 Th To Agos RIS, Infanta, Quezon (Region 4) (5 AM) by land Left Infanta at 4 PM, Arrived Bayombong 4 AM Eve To Manila (PM), to Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya (8 PM) by land Overnight in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya 30-Jun-06 Fr In Bagabag RIS, NV (Region 2) (8 AM), Walk Through (PM) by land Overnight in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya 1-Jul-06 Sa Walk Through Bagabag RIS, NV (AM) Overnight in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya 2-Jul-06 Su Still in Nueva Vizcaya, data processing/ documentation by land Overnight in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya 3-Jul-06 Mo Meeting with NIA Region 2 and MARIIS District 4 Staff (AM), by land Overnight in Solana Training Center, Cagayan, Field visit to Mallig, and Tumauini,isabela (Region 2) (PM) / San Pablo IS (Late PM) 4-Jul-06 Tu Field visit to Solana IS (AM), Pinacauanan RIS (AM) and by land Overnight in Allacapan AAIS Office, Cagayan Zinundungan IS(Cagayan) (PM) (Region 2) 5-Jul-06 We Field visit to Apayao-Abulug IS (AM), Banurbur Creek IS, by land Overnight in Sta Ana, Cagayan (PM)(Cagayan) (Region 2) 6-Jul-06 Th Visitacion RIS, (AM)/ Dummum (PM) (Region 2) Overnight in Tuguegarao, Cagayan 7-Jul-06 Fr Field visit to UCRIS, Kalinga-Apayao (CAR) by land Overnight in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya 8-Jul-06 Sa Travel back to Manila by land Travel time Luroestudilos S.L. i4 Annex Ic Draft Outline of Environmental Assessment (EA) Report 1. Executive Summary 11. Project Description lll. Methodology IV. Environmental Characterization/Baseline 1. All Core A NIS 2. Sample Core B NIS V. Analysis of the Environmental Impacts of the Project 1. Core A NISs 2. Sample of Core B NIS VI. Environmental Mitigating Measures/Mitigation Plan 1. Core A NISs 2. Core B NISs VII. Institutional Arrangement and Analysis 1. EU at NIA and capacity 2. Regional NIA 3. lAs 4. Environment capacity building program for NIA-EU, NIA-Region, lAs Vil. Monitoring Plan Annexes * I. Detailed methodology 11. Documentations on consultations, etc. Ill. Individual IEE of each of the Core A NIS IV Others Euroestudios S.L. 15 ll? akf- ts< ~t1t t - x Aw- ' "}i 'sW- ,gi asa- H --z}r>-A a >(>ofE -fi9vkeizg'>,'/p- Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Annex 2 AGOS RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (ARIS) (Infanta, Quezon) Activity: Key Informants Interview/Stakeholders Consultation Location: Infanta, Quezon Date: 2 9 th June 2006 I. PROJECT SETTING Agos River Irrigation System (ARIS) is one of the 30 national irrigation systems (NIS) under the geographical and political boundary of Region IV. It is located in the municipality of Infanta, in the first District of the Quezon province and is situated 144 kilometers northeast of Manila (see Attachment 1). Accessibility is facilitated through the satisfactory condition of concrete and asphalt roads and the presence of numerous motored vehicles routing to and from the service area. The system was originally constructed in 1956 by the Southern Luzon Irrigation District (SLID) under the then Bureau of Public Works and became operational in 1957. The system covers twenty six (26) barangays namely; Agos - Agos, Pilaway, Ilog, Catambungan, Tongohin, Gumian, Batican, Pulo, Amolongin, Binonoan, Anibong, Langgas, Alitas, Comon, Lual, Bacong, Cawaynin, Balobo, Maypulot, Antikin, Miswa, Silangan, Tudturan, Ingas, Libjo and Abiawin. Of the 1,435 hectare-service area of the system, 1,258 ha and 1270 ha are irrigated during wet and dry seasons respectively. About 155 hectares located in the downstream areas can be irrigated through improvement or provision of additional facilities. Water to irrigate the service area of Agos RIS is supplied through an intake structure constructed at the right bank (facing downstream) of Agos River at Barangay Banugao. A two (2) - kilometer open main canal conveys water leading to the nearest lateral. Irrigation facilities in Agos RIS include a 7.668 kilometers Main Canal extending from the intake at Barangay Banugao to Barangay Ingas; 10 lateral canals with a total length of 28.964 kilometers; and, 10 sub - laterals with a total length of 15.351 kilometers. The system is adequately provided with head-gates and check structures, siphons and bench flumes. Dilapidated section of earth canals increases conveyance losses and makes water control difficult. The recent flashflood had further aggravated siltation problem at main and lateral canals. Heavy sedimentation at the main canal causes insufficient flow of irrigation water affecting mostly the downstream areas. Under PIDP, activities will be undertaken for institutional development, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works that would entail potential impacts to the environment include the following: a. Repair and Improvement of Intake Structure at Agos River - An intake structure with control gate at the right side upstream will divert, regulate and control water flow water at Main Canal. Protection dike with grouted riprap will be constructed at side slopes and concrete blocks will be mounted at designed elevation, downstream of checkgate to protect riverbed from scouring and reduced elevation. b. Canalization - Construction of settling basin, CHB linings of earth canals at critical sections of Main Canal and laterals to stabilize canal bottom elevation so that design Euroestudios S.L. 1 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) discharge will be attained, raising of wall of existing concrete lining, and repair of existing concrete lining. Canal desilting will be undertaken. c. Conveyance facilities/Terminal facilities - Construction of long-crested weir, replogle flumes and turnouts. These structures will convey and regulate water downstream of canals, thereby providing the water needed to irrigate the service area. d. Drainage system - to be constructed to avoid flooding at downstream areas. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone - The system is heavily influenced by two mountain ranges in the southern tip of the Sierra Madre, stretching from Montalban Rizal to Real and Gen. Nakar in Quezon Province. The former is defined by the Kaliwa watershed, while the latter, by the Kanan (Umiray) watershed, which augments the water reservoir of Angat dam in Bulacan, The water is then conducted to the La Mesa Dam for the use of the MWSS. While forest cover remain to be in relatively good conditions, illegal logging, charcoal-making and swidden farming has affected the watersheds and these are blamed for the worst flashfloods to hit the municipality in 50 years, following the onslaught of typhoon Yoyong and Winnie in Dec. 2004. Riverine Ecozone * Agos River which is the main source of the system has a drainage area of 879 square kilometers located at Latitude 140 45' 15" and Longitude 120 36' 45". Agos River is a confluence of two (2) major rivers namely: Kaliwa River with its headwater located in Montalban, Rizal and Kanan River with its headwater located in General Nakar, Quezon. The quality of water in the river is attributed to specific hydrometeorological conditions in the two watersheds. It is said that when water is silted, the runoff must have come from Montalban but if the river stays clear the influence is coming from the Kanan watershed. The system water to irrigate the service area of Agos RIS is supplied through an intake structure constructed at the right bank (facing downstream) of Agos River at Barangay Banugao. A two (2) kilometers open main canal conveys water leading to the nearest lateral. Rapid rising of riverbed causes uncontrollable siltation in the Main Canal. Protective structures at the intake, sand trap after the outlet of the cut- and - cover and operational improvements will be necessary to prevent siltation and enable delivery of required discharge to the service area and to the intended expansion area. Agos River has a meandering characteristic. River course frequently changes whenever flash floods occur, hence, the difficulty in diverting irrigation water commensurate to the requirement of the service area. In the upstream about 1.2 kilometer of river, a channeling is done prior to construction of two (2) successive brush dams during dry season; and construction of 200 meters sluice way during wet season. Heavy equipment such as bulldozer or backhoe is extremely necessary to ensure irrigation of the area. Agricultural Ecozone Infanta has a relatively large potential area for agricultural development. The present land use in the locality showed that of the 34,276 hectares land area, only 4% or 1,524 hectares Euroestudios S.L. 2 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) is irrigated and 9% or 3,000 hectares is rainfed. Patches of irrigated lands are located in the 36 barangays while rainfed areas are located in Barangay Magsaysay. Of the 1,435 hectare- * service area of the system, 1,258 ha and 1270 ha are irrigated during wet and dry seasons respectively. The Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) classified 37% of area is level to gently sloping land while 22% is hilly to steeply hilly. Details of slope distribution are shown below: Slope Description Area, % to Total Range hectares 0- 3 Level to gently sloping 12,682.12 37 3- 8 Gently sloping to undulating 342.76 1 8 - 18 Undulating to rolling 4,455.88 13 18 - 30 Rolling to hilly 3,770.36 11 30 - 50 Hilly to steeply hilly 7,540.72 22 50 and above Steeply hilly to mountainous 5,484.12 16 Total 34,276.00 100 Some areas are prone to submergence particularly in Barangays Tudturan, Lual, Cawaynin and Maypulot. These areas are easily submerged during heavy rains and typhoons due to inadequate drainage facilities and the already deteriorated irrigation facilities. Built-up Ecozone The system covers twenty six (26) barangays namely; Agos - Agos, Pilaway, llog, Catambungan, Tongohin, Gumian, Batican, Pulo, Amolongin, Binonoan, Anibong, Langgas, Alitas, Comon, Lual, Bacong, Cawaynin, Balobo, Maypulot, Antikin, Miswa, Silangan, Tudturan, Ingas, Libjo and Abiawin. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigators Association - The irrigation management of Agos RIS has been transferred six years ago to the Federation of Agos River Irrigators' Association (FARFIA) under the Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) scheme . The federation consists of eight (8) lAs which are responsible in their sectors according to terms and condition of IMT. In the early years, these IAS have been undertaking 0 & M under Stage I and 11 contract arrangement. Under the present sharing arrangement NIA gets 60 percent while the IA receives the remaining 40 percent. Distribution of area responsibility by IA is as follows: Name of IrriQators' Association (IA) Area Covered. hectares 1. First Samahang ng mga Magpapatubig IA 97.00 2. Samahang Bagong Silang IA 117.00 3. Sipag at Tiyaga Farmers Association 278.00 4. Amulungin-Pulo-Binunoan-Batikan IA 232.00 5. Maypulot-Kawayanin-Bakong-Antikin IA 194.00 6. Tudturan-Lual-MisualA 227.00 7. Gintong Butil IA 217.00 8. Gumian Farmers IA 73.00 Total 1,435.00 Euroestudios S.L. 3 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Because of small landholdings ( average=0.99 ha.), most members of lAs are artisanal farmers, engaged in off-farm livelihood activities such as fishing, carpentry and tricycle operation. The environmental capacity is rather weak. Trainings provided were limited to leadership trainings, financial bookkeeping, and others. No technical background on environmental management, and assessment. Expereince-wise, the lAs have never been involved with responsibility to underake environmentally-related activities except for membership in environmental committee. Actual conduct of impact assessment and monitoring is not available. The lAs may need some trainngs on solid waste management, basic principles on watershed management and environmental monitoring. Local Government - the system is covered by the municipality of Infanta Quezon which has jurisdiction over 32,938.8150 hectares. Classified as a second class municipality, it maintains a 20% development budget of PhP 9 million. Its current environmental budget consists of PhP 1 million for watershed management, PhP 2 million for solid waste management. It also implements a 5-year, Infanta Sustainable Agriculture and Fishery Development Project (SAFDP) to support crops, livestock and fishery production. The LGU has designated a Municipal Environment Officer (MENRO) under the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO). Together with the MPDC, the MENRO is responsible for the LGUs Solid Waste Management Plan and the Watershed Project at Magsaysay and Gumian. The Barangay LGU of Gumian is actively involved in the management of a community watershed Informal Settlers - The system is variously threatened by informal settlement along main and lateral canals. These are found close to the built-up zone near the town center. Civil Society - The municipality of Infanta has benefited from the assistance given by several civil society organizations particularly in the aftermath of the 2004 calamity. The World Vision provided much needed assistance in dredging and desilting the irrigation canals, which enable NIA to partially restore irrigation service in some areas. ABS-CBN Foundation continues to help in establishing a Level II water supply system in the Magsaysay - Gumian area. The Philippine National Red Cross is credited for mobilizing funds for desilting 3 kilometers of canal sections, following the December 2004 disaster. Indigenous Peoples - While the system is not covered by ancestral domain claims, the watershed that supports it is inhabited by the Indigenous Dumagats. Following the calamity that struck the municipality, a tribal center has been put up in the municipality through NGO assistance. Protected Area Management Board - The forest zone of Infanta is part of the Biodiversity corridor of the Sierra Madre Landscape and seascape. Since the municipality has its share of the protected area: Infanta-Real Watershed and the Quezon National park, it has since been included as part of the Protected Area Management Board, which oversees the protection and development of these protected areas. Quarry Operators - sand and gravel quarry operation has resumed in the Agos river system. Some quarry sites were observed to be dangerously close to the intake of the system Agos River Rehabilitation Committee - constitutes a multisectoral special body created by the municipal local government, in which NIA is a standing member. The special body is convened to formulate plans and coordinate actions relative to the protection, management and rehabilitation of the Agos river system. Euroestudios S.L. 4 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES * Change-over in production system - rice production in some service areas had to give way to vegetable production because of lands rendered uncultivable to rice due to heavy siltation. Before the disaster, farmers have posted yields of 80-100 cavans per hectare using inbred varieties Siltation of canals - easily the most identifiable and persistent issue involves the systemic siltation of the canal system. Following the December 2004 floods, the system was rendered inoperable due to destroyed protection structures and heavily silted canals. The service area has been reduced by 200 hectares following the flashfloods and irrigation service has still to be fully restored. Forest denudation/landslide - the continuing actions of illegal logging in the upstream watershed has been a heavy contributor of siltation in the systems. This has been a major cause of landslide last December 2004 where illegally cut logs were washed out downstream. Farmer participation - Although the disaster gravely affected the well-being of most of the farmers, voluntary mobilization made up for the lack of resources to make the system operational again. The eight farmer organizations function under the wings of a federation are slowly gaining ground in collecting irrigation fees in areas where cropping has been restored. Although the lAs have yet to be accredited by the local government, the federation has expressed its plans to formally request the Sangguniang Bayan for accreditation into the Municipal Development Council (MDC). Squatting along canals - while squatting is not systemic, it nevertheless occurs in certain sections of the system. The sector of the Gumian Farmers Irrigators Association (GFIA), which covers four barangays, counts 11 households living in semi-permanent structures along the easement of the canals. Two houses have been identified to squat on top of the canals. At least 11 families were also identified to squat in three other sectors. At present, the local government still has to take decisive action in dealing with the squatting problem Solid waste disposal - in sections, where squatting takes place, disposal of household waste and sewage have been observed, further clogging the already silted canals Local governance - The flagship development program of the local government is defined by its environmental program, highlighted by its solid waste management, agriculture and watershed management projects. Participation of lAs in local special bodies still has to be enlisted, with a full accreditation scheme. Weak environmental capacity - Both the System personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand and deal with environmental issues. The lack of formal trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. Women participation - The lack of capacity extends to the total lack of orientation and appreciation of Gender and development issues both at the system and IA level. D. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACTS I Improved yields from improved canal distribution - the proposed project interventions will likely restore and improve pre-disaster production levels when canals are desilted. Euroestudios S.L. 5 Social Assessment (SA) Final Repoft, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Reduced siltation and flooding with desilting activities and structural improvement of canals. Risk of washouts from dredged silt in squatter areas - the presence of informal settlers near canal embankments may pose risks when silt is not hauled to safe, neutral areas. Improved environmental management capacity - lAs, NIA system staff and LGUs stand to benefit from the capacity building support in the area of integrated water resources management, and other environmental management system concerns Strengthened participation of lAs in local water governance - with IMT interventions providing for strengthening in the management of irrigation systems, the lAs capacity will be strengthened. Strengthened awareness of lAs and barangays on ISWM - collaboration between the lAs and the barangay LGUs can be forged inasmuch as the barangays LGUs are mandated by the Solid Waste Management Act while the lAs are partly responsible for the proper maintenance of irrigation canals. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES The use of organic fertilizers and less chemicals including pesticides is being adopted through the continuing capacity building activities on IPM. The active involvement of the Municipal LGU of Infanta in providing assistance on IPM training has transformed the farmers into adopting environmentally -friendly technology. 111. I ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Train lAs and LGUs to strengthen implementation of its agriculture and watershed management activities. IA involvement in SWM - enroll the lAs , including system personnel into a training on integrated solid waste management IA accreditation in the Municipal Development Council (MDC) Strengthening of lAs and LGUs on Community Watershed Management Gender and Development - increasing the awareness of stakeholders on gender and development. Euroestudios S.L. 6 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) APAYAO-ABULUG IRRIGATION SYSTEM (AAIS) (Allacapan, Cagayan) Activity: Key Informants Interview Location: AAIS Office, Matucay, Allacapan, Cagayan Date: 5 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Remy Albano IA President, West MIS 2. Mr. Benjamin F. Bayani OIC / IS, East AAIS 3. Mr.Alfredo R. Agustin BOD, East AAIS 4. Mr. Hector A. Bacaam BOD, East AAIS 5. Mr. Meby A. CabaFnero IA Secretary, NFIA 6. Mr. Mario L. Viloria Sangguniang Barangay / IA Pres. 7. Mr. Rolando P. Sunita Sr. Engineer B, East MIS 8. Mr. Nestor A. Tolentino BOD, East MIS I. PROJECT SETTING Apayao-Abulug Irrigation System (MIS) is located in Allacapan, Cagayan. It covers the towns of Abulug, Allacapan, Ballesteros, Pamplona and a portion of Aparri in Cagayan and the towns of Flora, Pudtol, Luna and Sta. Marcella in Apayao. It has a service area of 10,794 hectares. Under MISIP some 8,340 hectares are rehabilitated and 2,454 hectares are generated. The remaining areas of about 3,817 hectares for rehabilitation and 5,912 hectares for generation which are not completed due to lack of funds would be covered under PIDP. The Apayao-Abulug Irrigation System draws water from Abulug River and Gattu Creek by gravity. The type of diversion at Abulug River is an ogee shape overflow dam with 2 sluice ways, 6 bays at east and 4 bays at the west. The type of diversion at Gattu Creek is also an ogee dam which serves the area. Pamplona. Most canal structures have scoured outlets. The main canal and laterals need reshaping and desilting. At present, there are no available discharge measuring structures installed in the system. However, staff gages are used in measuring the discharges of canals within the system. Flash boards are used to control water level. The construction of proportional dividers at control points is recommended for the equitable distribution of canal discharges. These dividers are necessary to minimize if not totally eliminate illegal checking. The present service area of MIS is 10,794 hectares after MISIP. The total area irrigated for wet and dry seasons are 6,239 and 6,977 hectares, respectively For MIS, PIDP interventions would include construction/rehabilitation of canal systems, construction/ rehabilitation of major canal structures, construction /improvement of access roads, construction/improvement of drainage structures, improvement of mechanical facilities and water management system, institutional development activities and procurement of equipment. Euroestudios S.L. 7 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2.Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The watersheds of the system are located in the Apayao area, at the eastern fringe of the Cordillera Central Mountain Ranges which was once the site of commercial logging. The areas are now inhabited by Isnegs, who are actively engaged in swidden farming. Riverine (and Coastal) Ecozone The sources of water supply are Abulug River and Gattu Creek. The diversion dam at Abulug River is technically located at coordinates 121022'08.6" E longitude and 18°11'57.4" N latitude and the diversion at Gattu Creek is located at coordinates 121017'34.94" E longitude and 18027'30.4" N latitude. The diversion points of AAIS PIDP are in Barangay Swan, Pudtol, Apayao and Barangay Atok, Flora, Apayao. The diversion dam at Pamplona is located at Barangay Gattu, Pamplona, Cagayan. The dependable discharge at Abulug River is approximately 72 cumecs based on the exceedence probability analysis while Gattu Creek has dependable discharge of 400 liters per second The drainage canals within the service area of AAIS on the east side are located in the barangays of Cabaritan, Mabutal, Caranan and Nannanapatan which all drain on the main drainage canal called Spanish Ditch. On the west side drainage canals are located in the barangays of Barukbok, Pinitan, Curva and Libertad. The Spanish ditch is a drainage area which runs parallel to the coastline of Aparri, Pamplona and Ballesteros. Agricultural Ecozone With a total irrigable area of 10,794 hectares, the present farm operators have varying farm sizes with an average farm size of 1.85 hectares (Annex C.2). About 23.15% of the total farmers are concentrated in farm size up to 1.0 hectare occupying about 8.54 % of the farm area (Table 2.8). The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectares and above constitute about 13.58% of the total area. According to tenure status, about 32.99% are full owners operating 33.68% of the total farm area. Some 19.67% are lessees occupying 1,673.08 hectares. Other tenure status of farm operators are: part owner (25.91%), share tenant (11.33%) and amortizing owners (10.09%). Along the west side, Philrice has helped set up the Palayanan Integrated Rice Farming System Demonstration Farm Built-up Ecozone The present population is estimated at 17,022 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 3,404; of which 2,326 (68%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 32% are landless. The population density is estimated at 9.45 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.14% per annum. The built up areas straddle 17 barangays and 9 municipalities and two provinces ( Cagayan and Apayao) Euroestudios S.L. 8 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigator's Association (East and West Side) - there are two irrigator's group, distinguished by their geographical divide. The east side comprises the lAs in the Cagayan Corridor and the Apayao side. The more innovative group is represented by the Apayao side, where positive indices of participation are noted. These include progressive inclusion of women, and IA participation in local governance. There seems to be no capacity to undertake environmental mitigating measures. As flooding issues are recurrent, desilting of canals is not being undertaken due to the lack of finaical capacity. No technical knowledge and skills on environmental management and assessment are present in the area. Training on IPM and organic fertilizer application are provided however, subsidies must be provided also. Other forms of trainings to enhance capacity of lAs on environmental aspects are appropriate. Non Irrigators - this constitute a major stakeholder group of about 700 farmers in the east side , covering some 1,500 hectares, which are supported by the system. There at least three barangays, where the councils serve as de facto lAs in the absence of a formal IA. Women Sector - this sector, represents a formal and significant stakeholder group in the Apayao side, since they are granted automatic membership to the IA Municipal Local Government - the east side falls under the local jurisdiction of five municipalities and four on the west side. This presents an opportunity for an inter-LGU cooperative arrangement for a unified policy to safeguard the operation of the system, * especially as it relates to enforcement of environmental policies Isneg Swiddeners - while they are not directly part of the system, the indigenous Isnegs in the Apayao watershed who engage in swidden farming in the watershed, nevertheless exert downstream influences on water availability and quality C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Flooding and siltation - The drainage canals need desilting especially on the main drain as farm lands are easily submerged during heavy rains and typhoon. It is observed that it will take time for the water on those farms located along the main drainage canal to subside and this caused tremendous damage to standing crops Limited supply of irrigation water - the limited amount of water that discharges to the canal from the intake coupled with the deteriorated drainage and canal structures and illegal turn-outs has resulted to a disruption in supply to some 500 hectares in the Ballestetos area Solid waste disposal - the east side, which has the higher concentration of built areas traversed by the system is prone to the open dumping of household wastes. The open access condition of canals to waste disposal results to poor water distribution. The non- representation of the lAs to the municipal solid waste management board limits the opportunity for lAs to participate in the solid waste management program of the municipality. Weak environmental capacity. The major stakeholders (lAs, NIA and LGUs) inability to deal with environmental issues is due to the lack of formal training and technical support on environmental - related aspects. Euroestudios S.L. 9 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Under the PIDP, the goal is to institutionalize all the farmers in the service area to become members of the lAs which would later be federated into one umbrella organization or federation. The lAs would be equipped with adequate knowledge on the operation and maintenance scheme of the system; basic leadership and other types of trainings to enhance their capabilities in the performance of their assumed responsibilities under the Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) contract. Common strategies, in the east side and west side, integrated and adopted especially those that relate to women participation and participatory local water governance. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES lAs accredited by LGU and represented in the MDC - the lAs in the Apayao side were granted accreditation and have earned their seat in the Municipal Development Council, where they are able to articulate their issues and concerns Resource counterparting (Tripartite Agreements) - the Apayao sector has come up with an innovative arrangement brokered by the IA, forging a tripartite agreement with the LGU and NIA. As result, the LGU has committed a multiyear budget of PhP 600,000.00 as part of the 80:10:10 counterparting agreement. Gender and development- Women (wives of predominantly male IA members) were conferred automatic membership to the lAs with equal rights and privileges - the arrangement has bolstered the level of participation of the IA members. The use of IPM technology has lessened the dependence of farmers on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The farmers are inclined to use organic fertilizers and less chemical pesticides. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Desilting of canals Removal of illegal turn-outs. Undertake a program of capacity building on environmental management Euroestudios S.L. 10 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) NUEVA VIZCAYA-BAGABAG RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (NV-BRIS) Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: Bagabag IS Office, Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya Date: 3 0 th June, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Santiago L. Bulan Div. Mgr., IDD - NIA-Region 2 2. Mr. Adriano S. Laxamana SIDO - NIA-Region 2 3. Mr. Turadio C. Padre Sr. Engr. A - NIA-Region 2 4. Mr. Froilan C. Ramirez IDO-A - NIA-Region 2 5. Mr. Leonardo B. Villegas Irrigation Superintendent 6. Mr. Francisco A. Domingsil OIC-PIO 7. Mr. Rogelio Lagasca IA Pres. 8. Ms. Clarita T. Ong IDO-A 9. Mr. Robert L. Lacaden BOD 10. Mr. Villamor G. Sioco BOD 11. Mr. Florentin Cefferino Staff 12. Mr. Jonathan G. Racena Utility Worker 13. Mr. Carlito Acosta Utility Worker 14. Ms. Mona Emilia N. Viloria Utility Worker 15. Mr. Bernard P. Perolina Utility Worker 16. Mr. Fernando T. Viloria Utility Worker 17. Mr. Nelson 0. Aquino SAA 18. Mr. E. B. Garingan Driver - NIA-Region 2 19. Mr. Manuel L. Lopez Driver - NIA-Region 2 20. Mr. Rodel Cristobal Driver - NIA-Region 2 I. PROJECT SETTING NV Bagabag Irrigation System (NVBIS) is located in Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya. It is approximately 287 kilometers north of Manila. Bagabag Irrigation System was originally constructed and operated as a Communal Irrigation System. It was re-classified as a National Irrigation System on November 6, 1977 upon the request of the farmers covered by the system. The system covers seven (7) barangays namely; Tuao North, Tuao South, Pogonsino and Bangar in Bagabag and Dufax, Curifang and Bascaran in Solano. The system has a present service area of 2,022 hectares. An intake was constructed on the left bank (facing downstream) of the Magat River at Barangay Curifang and is resting on a solid rock foundation. However, due to the rapid raising of the bed of the Magat River, siltation in the Main Canal seemed to be uncontrollable. Likewise, the source of water (Magat River) has a meandering characteristic. That is, its course frequently changes whenever flash floods occur, hence, the difficulty in diverting irrigation water commensurate to the requirement of the service area. Periodic river training using equipment like bulldozer and backhoe is necessary in order to address the above constraints. Euroestudios S.L. 11 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) The Main Canal extends from the intake at Curifang in Solano to Sta. Lucia in Bagabag with a total distance of 21.096 kilometers. It is ideally located at the high portions of the area so * as to irrigate the 2,022 hectares present service area with facility. There are seven (7) laterals and sub-laterals. The system is adequately provided with headgates and check structures, spillways and bench flumes. Some structures need repairs and installation of new steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. The system shares a common main canal section with the neighboring Colocol Communal Irrigation System starting at Sta.4+250 up to Sta.6+686. This set-up offers both advantage and disadvantage to the system. The proposed PIDP will include interventions on institutional development, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works which may produce environmental impacts. Civil works include: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Installation of measuring devices and long crested weir (LCW) d) Improvement of road & connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone - O The system is strongly influenced by externalities exerted by the 413,000 hectare Magat watersheds. The Vizcaya part of the watershed comes in various land forms of complex and rugged terrain, characterized by numerous mountains (e.g. Palali mountainsO with more or less depleted forest cover, a considerable number of rolling hills, plains, valleys, rivers and creeks,. It is dominated by three mountain ranges; the Sierra Madre, Caraballo and Cordillera. The watershed is deemed protected as defined in proclamation 573 (Magat Forest Reserve) and as such, should be legally withdrawn from sale and settlements. The reality however is that the watershed has been modified by human settlements and agricultural activities. The interaction of high rainfall, steep slopes, and unsustainable farming practices creates a high degree of erosive. River flows are discharged to the Magat River by several river systems, namely: Sta. Fe, Sta. Cruz, Matuno, Ibulao and Alimit. River channels in the upper reaches of Magat River and its tributaries have been heavily silted mainly due to the 1990 earthquake and various uncontrolled illegal activities like logging and kaingin farming, among others. Riverine Ecozone - The drainage water of the Colocol Communal Irrigation System flows into the main canal of NV Bagabag Irrigation System and this further causes the flooding of the areas.. Magat River which is the main source of the system has a drainage area of 1,838.48 sq km. Its headwater is mainly located in the province of Nueva Vizcaya. Five major creeks namely: Colocol, Marragay, Baretbet and Villa Coloma join the Magat River downstream of the intake. * During floods, the excess water from Colocol Communal Irrigation System which is upstream of the NV Bagabag RIS finds its way to the main canal thereby worsening the flood situation in the service area even though proper gate operation is observed at the Intake by the NIA Euroestudios S.L. 12 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Gatekeeper. The Colocol Communal Irrigation System Main Canal serves also as the drainage canal of the town of Solano compounding the difficulty of ascertaining the volume of flood discharges during bad weather conditions. On the positive side, the excess flow from the Colocol Communal Irrigation System Main Canal augments the dry season flow of the NV Bagabag RIS. Agricultural Ecozone- The service area is generally flat terrain and covers 2,022 hectares.The project area consists of croplands devoted solely to irrigated and rainfed paddy rice production. There are 2,033 farm operators farming a total present service area of 2,022 hectares. With a total present service area of 2,022 hectares, the present farm operators have varying farm sizes with an average farm size 0.99 hectare (Annex C.2). About 52.04% of the total farmers are concentrated in farm size up to 1.0 hectare occupying about 25.93% of the farm area. The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectare and above constitute about 4.28% of the total area. According to tenure status, about 22.87% are full owners operating 29.55% of the total farm area. Some 35.57% are lessees occupying 601.15 hectares. Other tenure status of farm operators are share-tenant (15.79%) and amortizing owners (25.77%). Based on 2005 data, the market values for agricultural lands (non-irrigated/irrigated) range from P7,150 to P37,100 per hectare depending on their location. Rice-rice cropping pattern is common to all farms in the wet and dry seasons. The usual cropping schedule is from May to October for wet season and November to April for dry season. The farmers would prefer a double cropping of paddy rice in the future with project. The wet season of paddy rice would start in May and end in October and the dry season crop, from November to April. The ecozone is also defined by inland fisheries activities, particularly in the Bagabag area, which now tap into the system Built-up Ecozone The system straddles 11 barangays in the municipality of Bagabag and 3, in the municipality of Solano. Altogether, there are more than 30,000 people living in this ecozone distributed to more than 6,000 households. The present land use is basically residential and agricultural divided into irrigated and rainfed paddy cultivation. Some farm areas have been devoted to fishponds. The proximity of the service areas to residential and commercial sites has given way to land conversions. Moreover, the presence of the ATO-run Bagabag airport has infringed into the canals, restricting access to portions of the lateral canal, B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigators Association - the system serves 14 irrigator associations distributed in 14 jurisdictional barangays. For better IA management, the system is moving towards reorganizing the lAs on turn-out basis. While the reorganization of lAs will take place and that institutional strengthening will come in, modules on organizational management will be undertaken as part of the organization building of new lAs. No capability building on environmental -related subjects have been undertaken. Nor capacity of the lAs on environmental management and assessment exist. Colocol Irrigators Association - represents a major but loosely organized communal irrigators association with a reported strength of 4,000 members in some 2,000 hectares of service area. The CIS claim systems overlap in some with the NIA system, an issue which has prevented NIA from collecting dues from farmers, who claim to be tapping on the CIS Euroestudios S.L. 13 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Local Governments - The system is covered by the adjoining municipalities of Bagabag and Solano. The former has the greater number of ricelands served, covering 11 barangays, * while the latter hosts the upstream intake section with three barangays served. The capacity to address environmental issues has been hampered by the lack of technical knowledge and skills. Environment is not a priority for the LGU at the moment while it is open to the idea of providing assistance there is a need to inform them on how they could help. Proposed capability building program is acceptable if only to enhance the knowledge and skills base of the LGU. ATO-Bagabag Airport - Portions of the service area lie close to the Bagabag airport and its operation has somehow encroached into the lateral canal of the system and its service area. Close to 500 lineal meters of canal section and 10 hectares of irrigated ricelands were fenced-in by the ATO. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Conflict with Colocol Communal Irrigation - Since the upgrade of the former CIS to a national irrigation system, delineation of the service area for each system has led to some confusion. Some farmers are claiming membership in the communal system when confronted by NIA Irrigation Fee Collectors. Four hectares of CIS area near the spillway receives irrigation from turnout from the system and at least 200 hectares of service area in Barangay Bangar and Tuao are still being claimed by the CIS. Some farmers from the adjoining CIS expressed desire from non-coverage of NIA, particularly in the Mongkol- Maraggay and Acacia dam of the Colocol CIS. O Solid waste disposal - the migration of solid wastes from built-up areas along the course of the Colocol system to the main canal continue to impede irrigation supply and aggravate the flooding situation. The raw sewage form the Solano market also contribute to the non point pollution loading of the system, Flooding and siltation. Flooding is a recurring event in most parts of the system. However, due to the rapid raising of the bed of the Magat River, siltation in the Main Canal seemed to be uncontrollable. Protective structures at the intake, sand trap after the outlet of the cut- and-cover and operational improvements will be necessary to prevent siltation and enable delivery of required discharge to the service area and intended expansion area. Likewise, the source of water (Magat River) has a meandering characteristic. That is, its course frequently changes whenever flash floods occur, hence, the difficulty in diverting irrigation water commensurate to the requirement of the service area. Periodic river training using equipment like bulldozer and backhoe is necessary in order to address the above constraints. The uncontrolled and excessive discharge of the Colocol Irrigation system is an issue of major concern. Flooding of the service area can only be controlled with the repair of the intake structure of the Colocol system in Bayombong. The heavy siltation on the main canal especially at station 0+000 to station 0+640 causes insufficient flow of irrigation water into the system affecting mostly the downstream areas. The constructed drainages are located on low portions especially on water - logged areas in Barangays Tuao and Pogonsino of Bagabag. However, the areas were easily submerged during heavy rains and typhoon. This is brought about by the inadequacy of drainage facilities and the already deteriorated existing irrigation facilities. The drainage water of the Colocol Communal Irrigation System flows into the main canal of NV Bagabag Irrigation System and this further causes the flooding of the areas. Euroestudios S.L. 14 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Encroachment - the encroachment by the Bagabag airport over 10 hectares of service, including 449 lineal meters of lateral canal has to be settled with airport authorities, to permit easy access for canal maintenance. Low farmers' participation. Proper distribution could not be implemented efficiently at the tertiary level due to the proliferation of unauthorized turnouts. The IA and the NIA should make decisions on which informal turnouts to authorize and which to close for good water control. The level of collection efficiency is only 30%. This however, reflects a steady incremental increase in collection from the time the irrigation system became a national system. There is no conscious regard for women in development issues. Weak environmental capacity. There is a need to address environmental-related issues however, there is a lack of formal strengthening on environmental management. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Vulnerability to flooding of at least 50 hectares of the adjacent colocol service area in Barangay Dadap with the proposed raising of embankments (STA 3 +909), may cause tensions with farmers from the CIS The rehabilitation of existing drainage facilities and construction of additional drainage canals and structures is expected to reduce the incidence of flooding and area of submergence. The system achieves better leverage in flood management when all drainage canals will be connected to any of the five (5) major creeks inside the system namely: Colocol, Marragay, Tulloy, Baretbet and Villa Coloma, all of which terminate at the Magat River. Reorganization and strengthening of the Irrigator's association from a barangay-based to a turn-out based membership can result to better stewardship of the system with clearer responsibility and accountability for system maintenance Reduced siltation of canals and flooding with the construction of settling basins. The plan to construct a settling basin near the intake, may encounter a potential ROW problem with the Bolante property (6 houses) as this require widening the canal embankment which will infringe into the property. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES GAD advocacy and resources at the LGU level - the LGU of Bagabag has allocated a 5% budget out of the 20% development fund to support Gender and Development activities. Initially, the LGU is investing for its orientation and training on GAD to enable them to fully appreciate the needed to integrate Gender Sensitivity in Local Government operations. IPM technology in farming is highly supported by the farmers. Farming practices include the use of organic fertilizers and less dosage of pesticides. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES To reduce the incidence of flooding and area of submergence, the existing drainage facilities should be rehabilitated and additional drainage canals and structures, where found to be necessary, be constructed. All drainage canals must be connected to either the five (5) major creeks inside the system namely: Colocol, Marragay, Tulloy, Baretbet and Villa Coloma, all of which terminate at the Magat River. Better coordination with the farmers of Euroestudios S.L. 15 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Colocol Communal Irrigation System (CCIS) is mandatory to prevent entry of Magat River Flood Water in the CCIS Main Canal by simply closing their Intake gate during floods. To effect equity and reliability in water distribution and to reduce the proliferation of illegal turnouts, engineering measures have to be introduced such a long crested weir to keep canal water level more or less constant and Reflogle Flume at each supply canal to enable accurate measurement of discharge is seen as a solution to effect equity and reliability in water distribution. NIA will have to negotiate with the help of the LGU in settling a minor ROW problem. Conditions set by the family on slope protection have to be assured. Convene a dialogue among key system stakeholders; NIA, lAs, LGUs, CCIS to achieve consensus on key issues and actions to install needed environmental and social safeguards, including the need to press for funds for the repair of the Colocol Intake. Organize a joint technical working group (TWG) and agree on design features relative to CIS affected areas. Training and cliniquing on environmental management. Euroestudios S.L. 16 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) BANURBUR CREEK IRRIGATION SYSTEM (BCIS) (Buguey, Cagayan) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: BCIS office, Buguey, Cagayan Date: 5 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Ernesto G. Collado Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Dominador U. Consigna President - NFIA-U, Lal-lo 3. Mr. Dominador C. Bacuyag President - NFIA-U, Naguillian 4. Mr. Nerio S. barangan Baranggay Captain 5. Mr. Pedro V. de la Cerna Barangay Captain 6. Mr. Roger Ilmeng Barangay Kagawad 7. Mr. Alipio R. Valdez Sangguniang Barangay 8. Mr. Ferdinand B. Pasos Engineer A 9. Mr. Ferdinand B. Pasos Engineer A 10. Mr. Alex Ibus CPT 11. Mr. Silvestre M. Ursua IA Pres. - Zone IV 12. Mr. Joel P. Raguindin IA Pres. - Zone 11 13. Mr. Felix U. Tabarejo IA Pres. - Zone III 14. Mr. Oscar Arellano IA Pres. 15. Mr. Abraham Magyano IA Pres. 16. Mr. Edilberto Tagayuna IA Treasurer 17. Mr. Romulo Villaspir Sr. IA Member 18. Ms. Jennyfer D. Arellano WRF Tender 19. Ms. Lelita G. Monje Collection Rep. / SDO 20. Ms. Corazon Vagay Billing Clerk 21. Ms. Filipina Caro CAP-B 22. Mr. Loy Serrano BOD - Zone I 23. Mr. Celso B. Silos BOD - Zone I 24. Mr. Rogelio V. Aqiono BOD - Zone 11 25. Mr. Constante Aquino BOD - Zone III 26. Mr. Danilo Tabbada BOD - Zone IV 27. Mr. Fred Gascon Farmer 28. Ms. Cipriana Rabang Staff I. PROJECT SETTING The Banurbur Creek Irrigation System (BCIS) is located in Maddalero, Buguey, Cagayan which is approximately 600 kilometers north of Manila. The system has a service area of 1,838 hectares and covers 1,538 farmers distributed within 17 barangays. The system covers the barangays of Mala Este, Mala Weste, Leron, Centro, Pattao, San Juan, San Vicente, Tabbac, Ballang, Villa Garcia, Sta. Isabel, Sta. Maria, Maddalero and Calamegatan in Buguey, Cagayan; barangay Buyun in Sta. Teresita, Cagayan; and Naguilian and Dagupan in Lal-lo, Cagayan The Banurbur Creek Irrigation System has three different sources of water, namely Baburbur Creek, Papira Creek and Pattao Creek. The type of diversion constructed at Banurbur Creek Euroestudios S.L. 17 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) is an ogee type while an intake type of structures was constructed at the Papira and Pattao . Creeks. The water from Banurbur, Papira and Sicuan Creeks are free from toxic and with minimal sediments. The water distribution system consists of three separate main canals with a total length of 20.408 kilometers, and 35.74 kilometers length of lateral and sub-lateral canals. Except staff gages, there are no other discharge measuring structures/devices within the service area. The system is adequately provided with headgates and check structures, only flash boards are used in diverting and controlling irrigation water in every turnout. Some structures need repairs and installation of new steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. In addition to the institutional development activities, the proposed improvement of the Banurbur irrigation system under PIDP includes the ff: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Improvement of road & connecting structures d) Improvement of drainage system e) Installation of measuring devices and long crested weir III. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone. * Banurbur Irrigation system is highly dependent of the watershed for its irrigation water. The continuous denudation of the watershed causes extreme conditions to the supply of water. Siltation is likewise enhanced particularly during heavy downpour. Sediments from the denuded watershed are washed out and transported towards the creeks and into the system. Riverine (Coastal) Ecozone The Banurbur, Papira and Pattao Creeks are the main sources of water for the system. Dwindling water supply at the creek sources is due to the denudation of the watershed. The underlying rock substrate of the main canal, particularly near the intake is limestone resulting to leakages from subsurface flows. Buguey Lagoon, 15 km length along the coastline, bordering the outer extremities of the system is considered a natural attraction and performs the natural function of serving as a natural drainage and buffer. The lagoon is jointly protected by the FARMCs in the area. The lagoon is a receptor of some of the siltation coming from the Banurbur creek. Accordingly, a Japanese firm has volunteered to dredge the lagoon channel on the condition that the dredged materials will be shipped to Japan. Agricultural Ecozone The project area consists of croplands devoted solely for irrigated and rainfed paddy rice production. There are 1,538 farm operators farming a total land area of 1,838 hectares. Average farm size of more than 5 hectares constitutes about 11.20 percent of the total farm holdings while the smallest farm size of less than 1 hectare represents about 21.09 percent. Euroestudios S.L. 18 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) The present land use in the service area is predominantly agriculture. The farming system is * attributed to the local climate that contributed to the existing land utilization types. The present land use is paddy rice due to sufficient water from the three creeks. The extent of land use is as follows: Land Use Wet Season D Season Rainfed Rice 553 Irrigated Rice 1285 1438 Total 1838 1438 B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Women Sector - women participation in system affairs is limited membership in Zone 2 with some women serving ISF collectors in zone 4. There are no women officers in any of the lAs Local Governments - the LGU of Buguey provides agricultural services such as seeds and fertilizers to farmers. It also earmarks and Gender and Development budget for Microfinance of women projects. The municipality has a solid waste management board, but it has not engaged the IA federation to be part of the board, despite the vulnerability of irrigation canals to solid waste disposal Irrigators Associations - there are seven irrigator associations with sectoral responsibilities on a turn-out basis. The lAs are accredited by the LGU, but are not represented in the Municipal Development Council. The lAs have limited capacity on environment. Not only do they lack the necessary educational background but they have limited technical capability. Aside from their usual practice of operatons and maintenance along the canals, they possess no experience on environmental assessment and management. Although they have been practicing some forms of mitigating measures, they are not aware of such fact and yet no formal trainings on such subject has been given to them. Although the municiapality has a solid waste management board, the lAs are not engaged with any paricpation as member of the board. Training on solid waste management is likewise a possibility. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Low farmers' participation - the level of participation is regarded to be low in two zones, with the exception of the extension area, where the index of participation is placed at 85%. Volunteerism was also expressed to be high in the extension area, while lAs ruled out the bayanihan factor in the other zones. Low irrigation performance -The low cropping intensity can be attributed to poor system performance brought about by the following constraints: (1) the canal bottom is already below the design elevation, thus drastically reduced the volume of water delivered to the field, (2) irrigation water hardly reach the downstream section especially when water supply is minimal, (3) deteriorated canals, canal structures and irrigation facilities, and (4) too much water losses along the stretch of the canals. Flooding and siltation - The CARP extension area is one the most vulnerable to flooding, where the entire barangay is submerged to floodwaters because of silted and narrow river Euroestudios S.L. 19 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) channel. The barangay of Naguillan in nearby Lallo town is also vulnerable to flooding affecting 200 hectares. Flood waters take 1 week to subside. Denudation of the Biraw river watershed - the denudation of the system's watershed is viewed by many stakeholders as a major threat to the system. The open access conditions where swidden farming is practice, including charcoal making continue to reduce the forest cover of the watershed, accelerating erosion and siltation of the river bed. Weak environmental capacity - Both the System personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to deal with environmental issues. The lack of formal trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Reduction of siltation in the Buguey Lagoon - the lagoon is a major receptor of the sediments that enter the system, Desilting, dredging of drainage and waterways and the protection of the earth canals will result in less silt deposition in the lagoon. Reduced incidence of flooding with the improvement of the drainage system. Improved distribution of water for Irrigation -There is no measuring devices or even staff gauges to monitor the discharges for all the supply canals. The lAs rely on experiences in distribution of water to individual turnouts. It is recommended that appropriate measuring devices that will be acceptable to the users be installed on all supply canals as basis for the release of water supply required. Installation of Reflogle Flumes and steel gates for head gates and turnouts will control of discharges to laterals, sub-laterals and turnouts. Long crested weir and proportional divider structure shall also be provided and/or constructed for better water level and flow control. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES The use of IPM technology has significantly decreased dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Organic fertilizers are increasingly being used by farmers as farm inputs. Ill. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES To reduce the incidence of flooding and submergence of the area, the existing drainage facilities should be rehabilitated and additional drainage canals and structures are found necessary to be constructed. All drainage canals must be connected to the main drainage which terminates at the Buguey Lagoon. Sufficient multisectoral measures to preserve the remaining watershed of the Banurbur, Papira and Pattao Creeks must be instituted with NIA providing facilitative assistance to the lAs, LGU and the local DENR to insure that the base flow of the creeks will not dwindle during the dry season and no destructive flash floods will occur during wet season. Institute a program on environmental management that will include the major stakholders (NIA, lAs, and LGUs). * Introduce technologies of participation to strengthen the culture of participation as a condition for upgrading the capability of the lAs to eventually takeover completely the management of irrigation system. Euroestudios S.L. 20 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) 0 Euroestudios S.L. 21 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) BATUTU RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (Compostela, Compostela Valley) Activity: Key Informants Interview/ Stakeholders Consultation Location: Batutu RIS Office, Compostela, Comval province Date: 21st June, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Pedro Lomutus Jr. Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Salvador Allmilla IA Pres., Labafia 3. Mr. Julian Horluyas IA Pres., Sajolaufio 4Mr orez ualuo IA Pres., Asafia 5. Ms. Rosita Macas Mun. Agriculturist 6. Ms. Yolanda Razo RIO 7. Mr. Paz Felix IDO 8. Mr. Miguel Gitigan MPDC Staff 9. Mr. Ludluni Obeja Lamafia 10. Ms. Srirley Iguianon Chairperson, NCIP I. PROJECT SETTING Batutu River Irrigation System is located in Southeastern part of Mindanao, approximately 125 kilometers North of Davao City. It is bounded by mountain ranges on the north flank of Monkayo, by Davao Oriental on the East, by Montevista on the West and New Bataan on the South. This irrigation system is within the municipality of Compostela, Province of Compostela Valley. The system was originally constructed within the period in August 1975 to December 1979 and was finally turned-over as a completed project in March 1980. The system covers two (2) municipalities, the municipality of Compostela and New Bataan within the newly created province of Compostela Valley. It covers eleven (11) barangays namely San Jose, Audora, Lagab, Bagongon, Gabi, Siocon and New Alegria in the municipality of Compostela and Panag, Cogonon, Magsaysay and Katipunan in the municipality of New Bataan. It has an irrigable service area of 3,269 hectares. The diversion structure is an ogee shape overflow dam with a crest length of 195 meters and 1.40 meters above the original river bed. The diversion headworks constructed and completed in 1979 are located at Barrio Panag, New Bataan. The diversion dam has undergone modification to enhance the delivery of water for both left and right intakes under Water Resources Development Project, consisting of a weir, four (4) sluice gates, and two (2) newly constructed headgates for west and east area, respectively. A barrel is also constructed from the right intake going to the left intake to deliver the right amount of water. Siltation has been a problem due to illegal mining activities and "kaingin" by tribesman causing the sediment load to be extremely high. Periodic river training using equipment like bulldozer and backhoe is necessary in order to address the above constraints. The water distribution system consists of two main canals with a total length of 11.99 kilometers and 17.54 kilometers for west and east area, respectively. The first 8.64 kilometers and 8.95 kilometers of west and east main canals are concrete lined canals. * Seven (7) lateral canals are in the west side with a total length of 14.88 kilometers including the extended canals and 28.158 kilometers for nine (9) lateral canals also including the extended canals are in the east area. The system is adequately provided with headgates Euroestudios S.L. 22 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) and check structures. Some structures need repairs and the installation of new steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. Heavy siltation on both main canals particularly on the east main canal causes insufficient flow of irrigation water into the system affecting mostly the downstream areas. A sediment excluder and settling basin is being proposed to be constructed at east main canal at sta. 0 + 680. The supply canals need desilting in order to address the above constraints. The stretch of main canals and lateral canals are originally provided with service and operational roads on one side of the canal. The service roads of the system are accessible but the raising of the embankment in some reaches of the existing road and placing of 20 cm gravel surfacing on the whole length of the road embankment are necessary PIDP interventions include institutional activities, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works that would most likely produce environmental impacts. Civil work activities include: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Improvement of road & connecting structures d) Improvement of drainage system II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The Batutu ecosystem landscape is defined by the mountain ranges on the north, by Monkayo and the forest zones of Montevista and New Bataan. The watershed exerts strong influences further down the Agusan River Basin. Batutu River is the main source of the system and its watershed catchment area. It spreads across four barangays and covers approximately 443 square kilometer. The system has special sensitivity to downstream influences, particularly in relation to mining, which constitutes a major economic sector in the upper watersheds and illegal logging which accelerate river siltation. The ecozone is classified as environmentally critical given various non-compatible land allocation and land use activities. Compostela is 53% forest zone and is known to have rich deposits of Gold. The upper watershed of Compostela is the site of the notorious Mt. Diwalwal gold rush. The watershed is also home to the indigenous Mandayas and Mansakas, The ancestral domain spreads through 92,000 hectares, 80% of which are found in the area of New Bataan. Thick stands of Almaciga can still be found in the forests of New Bataan. This Eco-zone represents a gray area in state management, as two agencies, have overlapping mandates - DENR for forest lands, and NCIP for CADCs. Riverine Ecozone Batutu River is the main source of the system and its watershed catchment area. It spreads across four barangays and covers approximately 443 square kilometers. Its headworks are mainly located in Barrio Panag, New Bataan. The river goes down to Compostela Valley catching on its course three creeks of the watershed. The river flow is trained to pass its course to the right while its sluice structures capability is increased by 50 percent for better sluicing of trap sands and gravel deposits. The river basin is drained by the three creeks and converges to a single outlet which is the Batutu River. From its farthest source, the Batutu Euroestudios S.L. 23 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) River catches all the effluents on its course and conveys them along a 25 kilometers stretch through the municipality of Compostela and drains out all to Agusan River. Agriculture Ecozone Some 2,700 hectares fall within the system's service area. These agricultural areas in Compostela have a sad history of mine tailings contamination when the tailings pond of Sabina Mining Corp. collapsed, affected more than 2,000 hectares of Riceland in 1980. Cyanide and mercury turned the ricelands in hard cakes of poisoned soil, which took 3-5 years of rehabilitation. Livestock have likewise suffered from poisoning. Built-up Ecozone The system covers two municipalities in the province of Compostela Valley, namely Compostela and New Bataan. Settlements are found largely in the downstream service areas, where ricelands are located. Interspersed with these are low to medium density clusters of rural villages. The built-up areas of Compostela are distributed in 16 barangays, with its Brgy. Poblacion with the highest population B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigators Association - The system is co-managed by 14 irrigator associations with a total membership of 1000. A strong desire to take part in the rehabilitation and co-management of the Batutu watershed has been expressed by the irrigators association to help reduce the impact of soil erosion and siltation on the irrigation system. The lAs enjoy accreditation from * the local government which has given them the leverage to seek for assistance in the repair of damaged canals. Although the Batutu lAs are highly concern about pesticides and other environmental issues, and much that they want to do something about it, they are not exploring other possibilities of holding a dialogue with other stakholders in the area. The lack of awareness on the use of various measures to address the issues compounds their situation. The problem of communicating their ideas about the environment has been due to the fact that they don't have the necessary technical background. They should be made aware of the possible actions available to them. The will to extend their assistance to address environmental issues is very evident among the lAs. Local Governments - The local governments of Compostela and New Bataan carry administrative jurisdiction over the system's service area. The former has seven barangays while the latter has four barangays serviced by the system. The LGU of Compostela has carried out its banner program called SIESTA (Serbisyo Epektibo para sa Tao). The program serves as the LGU's outreach vehicle to upland areas. The LGU provides seeds of high value crops requested by IP communities. The LGU carries out a multi-pronged agricultural services program. These include the promotion of IPM, and a 20 -hectare Technology Demonstration farm for organic farming. The local government of Compostela also maintains a laboratory for the culture of the rapid compost activator, Trichoderma harzianum, which is applied to accelerate decomposition of agricultural waste. To respond to growing environmental concerns, a surrogate MENRO was appointed in the office of the MPDC. The MENRO however, still has very limited capacity and resources to carry out a local environmental governance program. Indigenous Peoples - The upstream watershed is the ancestral home of the Indigenous forest-dwelling lumads, the mandayas and mansakas. The NCIP has noted a growing Euroestudios S.L. 24 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) predisposition to mining for lack of livelihood opportunities and the promise of cash from various mining interests. Migrant Settlers - settlement patterns and demographics within are fairly defined and stable. However, waves of settlers have been lured by the gold rush. Largely undocumented and unregulated, these settlers have contributed to the deforestation of the watershed, as more trees are cut as mine timbers. Pollution has grown to unprecedented scale because of unsafe and unsustainable practices. Small-Scale miners - a critical mass of small scale miners are found in the upstream Diwalwal area which are largely unregulated. Cyanide has been detected in the system by an independent organization. The open access conditions is likely to increase the influx of migrant settlers engaged in small-scale mining Backyard Fishpond Operators - this stakeholder group, while limited in coverage because of the backyard scale represent an emerging water user group in Compostela Commercial Mining Interests - Batutu Resources Corp. and PhilCo are two of the recognizable mining firms undertaking exploration studies. There are at least, 16 new applications with the NCIP for mining explorations within the ancestral domain area. National Government Agencies DENR and attached agencies - Most of the public domain around the system belong to the regulatory control of the DENR except where NCIP exercises jurisdiction. The Environment Management Bureau and the Mines and Geo Sciences Bureau have strong mandates over * the area, considering the mining is a major industry. National Commission on Indigenous People - the agency has a strong presence in the area because of the indigenous populations in the upstream watershed, where some 92,000 hectares have been delineated as part of the ancestral domain . The agency requires free and prior informed consent (FPIC),as a condition for any proposed development project in the area. The e consent is based on the ADSDPP, which is still being packaged PNP/AFP - the Diwalwal gold rush and CPP/ NPA insurgency represent a recurring peace and order concern in the Province C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Use of pesticides/infestation.The abundant supply of water has enabled the farmers to adopt hybrid rice production. The use of hybrid rice has reached 50% during the previous cropping season. However, local agriculture officials and farmers alike have monitored field indications of susceptibility of the hybrid rice to rice blast. As a result, farmers are forced to double the frequency of spraying (6 times over the entire cropping cycle). Kocide and Vitigran blue are some of the agrichemicals used. The farmers attribute the disease to changing microclimatic conditions Squatting/informal settlement - the issue of informal settlements within the system is limited to only a few housing structures which can be resolved without much difficulty * Environmental health and safety/cyanide poisoning - renewed concerns for environmental health and safety are growing with the system, especially with the unabated Euroestudios S.L. 25 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) gold mining activities in Monkayo. Already, levels of cyanide have been detected recently within the system. Vulnerability of IP groups to mining interests - although IP issues are external to system operation, the farmers take cognizance that the exercise of to the IP's prerogative to free and prior informed consent (FPIC) in relation to mining interests. The growing predisposition of the IP community to give its consent to mineral development is generally viewed to have serious repercussions to the environmental integrity of the system. The lAs recall the widespread devastation wrought by the failure of the Sabina Mines Tailings Pond which affected close to 2,200 hectares of ricelands within the system. Forest denudation - the system is especially vulnerable to unabated illegal logging activities in the forest zone, which results to an accelerated river siltation. Moreover, the watershed of the system is covered by a CADT (92,000 has.), where 80% are found in New Bataan, effectively covering 11 barangays and 5 barangays in Compostela. Siltation. This is due to illegal logging activities and mining in the upstream watershed. Minimal Use of IPM. iPM is not widely adopted in farming activities. Minimal adoption on the use of organic fertilizers. Most farmers are heavily dependent on inorganic/chemical fertilizers as farm inputs. Weak environmental capacity. Both the system personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand and deal with environmental issues The lack of formal trainings . have limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. D. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Generate additional areas for irrigation (1,200 hectares), thus potentially improving yields to at least 40 cavans per hectare. Temporary soil disturbance due to desilting and digging of new canals in the expansion areas. Water turbidity downstream ay result from desiltiing and digging operations. lAs carry the potential of being mobilized to co-manage the Batutu river watershed in conjunction with the NCIP's ADSDP. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES Local Governance - The local government of Compostela which hosts the system office is able to plan and coordinate with other agencies its MENRO designate in the MPDC. The Sangguniang Bayan also has accredited the lAs who are now represented in the Municipal Development Council. The LGU of Compostela also actively promotes organic farming through the provision of technology and material assistance to farmers especially in the use of the rapid fungus activator, Trichoderma. Euroestudios S.L. 26 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) 111. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES Facilitate the conduct of a multistakeholder summit by establishing a structure for dialogue and consensus for common grounds for environmental and social measures, especially those that relate to mining Federate the lAs and provide best practices capacity building Dug soils properly place in flat and stable slopes to avoid siltation from washouts Engage the assistance of DENR to develop a system-linked community watershed plan and preferably broker a co-management agreement with the lAs and the LGU Train a cadre of IA leaders on integrated water resources management and environmental management. Euroestudios S.L. 27 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) DUMMUN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (DRIS) (Gattaran, Cagayan) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: Dummun RIS Office, Nabaccayan, Gattaran, Cagayan Date: 6 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Address 1. Mr. James R. Jose Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Alberto N. Castillo Barbarit 3. Mr. Danilo Aragon Palagao Sur 4. Mr. Coding Picos Palagao Sur 5. Mr. Fernando R. Luis Sr. Dackel 6. Mr. Gavino Accsoil Nabaccagan 7. Mr. Jorge D. Andres Calsogan 8. Mr. Isaac Mateo Nabaccagan 9. Mr. Victor Medina Palagao Sur 10. Mr. Benjamin P. Ulita Palagao Norte 11. Mr. Reonolfo Domingo Laligan 12. Mr. Alexander 0. Alipio New Age 13. Mr. Ronel Lianto Nabaccagan 14. Mr. Tomas Unite Barbarit 15. Mr. Ronald Ngayan Barbarit 16. Mr. Cornelio Domingo Sta. Ana 17. Mr. Helacio Cinbeg Nabaccagan 18. Mr. Miguel Silverio Palagao Sur 19. Mr. Columbiano 0. Acosta DRIS 20. Ms. Nancy 0. Acosta DRIS 21. Ms. Mercedes C. Basilio DRIS 22. Mr. Nelson Belmonte DRIS 23. Mr. Dominador M. Liwanag DRIS 24. Mr. Ruel 0. Lorenzo DRIS 25. Ms. Delia U. de Guzman DRIS 26. Mr. Daniel Tulod DRIS 27. Ms.lluminada Coloma DRIS 28. Ms. Novelyn Aquino DRIS 29. Mr. Edipolo Maguera DRIS I. PROJECT SETTING Dummun River Irrigation System (DRIS) is located in Nabaccayan, Gattaran, Cagayan. The system covers one Municipality-Gattaran, Cagayan and seventeen Barangays as follows: Capissayan Norte, Baraccauit, Cumao, Nabaccayan, Barbarit, Sta. Ana, Baraoidan, Caloagan Dackel, Laggan, Palagao Norte, Palagao Sur, Tagumay, Newagac, Calaoagan Bassit, Cullit, Sidem and Taligan. Dummun River Irrigation System has a potential irrigable area of 2,302 hectares. At present, the system maintains 1,802 hectares service area and out of this, the irrigated area is * around 1,299 hectares and 1,013 hectares in the wet and dry crop seasons, respectively. The Dummun River Irrigation System started as a project on January 1, 1975. It was fully completed on December 31, 1982. The system started its partial-initial operation on Euroestudios S.L. 28 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) November 1, 1977 with an initial irrigated area of 1,300 has. It was declared on January 1, 1983 as a fully operating system. The project facilities at completion were as follows: a. Intake (Permanent and Temporary) 2 units b. Main Canal (Length) 20.408 km. c. Laterals (length) 35.74 km. d. Main Farm Ditches 43.98 km. e. Supplementary Farm Ditches 51.868 km. f. Main turn-outs 51 units g. Canal Structures 167 nits h. Drainage Structures 7 units i. Drainage Canals 24.245 km. The potential irrigable area is 2,302 hectares which include the extension area of about 500 hectares. At present the system has a firmed up service area of 1,802 hectares. The irrigated area is around 1,299 hectares and 1,013 hectares in the wet and dry crop seasons, respectively. The activities that are to be undertaken for DRIS under PIDP are the following: 1. Construction of diversion dam 2. Rehabilitation of canals 3. Construction of additional structures 4. Improvement of roads and construction of connecting structures 5. Improvement of drainage 6. Improvement of irrigation facilities II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone - The source of water is highly dependent on the condition of upstream forest ecozone represented by the Sierra Madre Mountain ranges located several kilometers from the system. Upland areas within the vicinity of the system are often cultivated by swidden agriculture while in some areas use of weedicides is often practiced. At least about three (3) barangays are usually affected. Riverine Ecozone The only source of water for the system is Dummun River through an intake situated at Capissayan Norte, Gattaran, Cagayan with coordinates 180 03' 21" latitude and 1210 49' 48' longitude. It is a tributary of the mighty Cagayan River, which emanates from the Sierra Madre Mountain Ranges, winding its way along the length and breadth of the Municipality of Gattaran until it joins the Cagayan River at Barangay Dummun, Gattaran, Cagayan. Agricultural Ecozone The project area consists of croplands devoted solely to paddy production. There are 2,326 farm operators farming a total land area of 1,802 hectares. Average farm size is about 0.99 hectare. Biggest family farm size of more than 5 hectares constitutes about 1.03 % of the Euroestudios S.L. 29 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) total farm holdings while the smallest farm size of less than 1 hectare represents about 34.95 %. Built-up Ecozone - The present population is estimated at 17,022 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 3,404; of which 2,326 (68%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 32% are landless. The population density is estimated at 9.45 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.14% per annum. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Barangay LGUs - there are 17 barangay LGU units participating in the system and at present the barangays can be counted on to provide assistance on canal clean up and service road maintenance. However, coordination on needed improvements on local policy enforcement with lAs remain to be a weak spot, that needs to be strengthened through dialogues Municipal LGU - the municipal local government of Gattaran actively provides agricultural services in the form of seed subsides and trainings to farmers., It has also given accreditation to the lAs as part of the community of local peoples organization. Irrigators Associations - the monolithic IA counts to more than 2,000 members, most of whom are men. The officers acknowledge that there is very limited participation of women in IA affairs. Participation leaves much to be desired as the level of participation is limited to the board of trustees, Even at this level the participation index is placed at 60%. There is limited capacity to deal with environmental aspects. There is a need to enhance their knowledge and skills on this subject Women Sector - the traditional venue for women participation is the Rural Improvement Club (RIC), which gets support from the municipal local government. The Gattaran RIC holds the distinction of being one of the National finalists for the best RIC in the country Swidden Farmers - this group of farmers are found engaged in intensive upland corn farming in the Dummun river watershed. The tillage practices and intensive herbicide application of the farmers is seen as major cause for accelerated erosion and run-off which eventually finds its way into the system. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Siltation and flooding and forest denudation- the issue of siltation is traced to the denudation of the Dummun river watershed which is linked with the Northern Sierra Madre Protected Landscape. The effect of siltation is systemic, with 70% of the main and lateral canals estimated to be heavily silted. This reduces the carrying capacity of canals, during heavy monsoon rains. Recurring floods affect 4-5 barangays and service areas of at least 5o0 hectares. The swelling of the Dummun river and the backflow of the Cagayan river, retains flood water in the system to 3-4 days. Silted and narrowed natural waterways also aggravate the flooding situation. Squatting - the presence of informal settlers occur to a limited extent. At least five houses of light materials are lined up along the easement of the main canal section. At present, there are no coordinated efforts with the LGU to deal with the squatting problem Open access wallowing of carabaos in irrigation canals - the practice of allowing carabaos to freely wallow in the canals is thought to contribute immensely to the scouring Euroestudios S.L. 30 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) and siltation of canal system. This also contributes to the safety and quality of irrigation water which is sometimes used for bathing and washing. Weak environmental capacity of stakeholders in the area is not sufficient to deal with various environmental issues in the area. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Strengthened local governance mechanisms on people's participation Improved awareness on the role of women in irrigation Reduced incidence of flooding - desilting and canalization works are expected to provide relief to the flooding situation particularly in the downstream area Clearer and stronger policies on informal settlement and land conversion E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES LGU accreditation of lAs - the accreditation of the lAs by the municipal local government is an exercise in good governance as lAs can use the MDC as a venue for articulating their issues and concerns Barangay Assistance -Generally, the barangay local governments can be counted to provide clean -up and maintenance assistance for service roads * Improved Farming System - IPM and organic fertilization has gained a wide following among the farmers, using only certified inbred varieties (e.g. PJ 7). Pesticide application is resorted to sparingly, at most once only during the entire crop cycle. Only the application of moluscicide is given attention because of the recurring snail infestation. Ill. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Delineation of a carabao wallowing and impoundment zone - will reduce the recurring practice of allowing carabaos to wallow inside the canals, accelerating erosion and scouring of earthen stream banks Provide a training program that will strengthen the capacity of the lAs, NIA and LGUs on environmental management. IA organizational development - The system has only one (1) lAs with more than 1,500 members This is 30% short of the potential membership of about 2,325 farmer-members PIDP will provide the impetus for the reconstitution of this iA into small lAs cells covering only 300±50 ha each. The smaller IA units allows the advantage of rapidly and effectively mobilizing collective action among IA members Organization of a local water governance structure - A multipartite agreement will be forged to develop consensus and institute a system of cooperation among various stakeholders in the system, This will also involve mainstreaming women in development concerns in water governance. Euroestudios S.L. 31 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) LUPON RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (Lupon, Davao Oriental) Activity: Key Informants Interview/ Stakeholders Consultation Meeting Location: Lupon IS Office, Lupon, Davao Oriental Date: 2 0 th June, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Bonifacio Ysalina Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Wilfredo L. Maatu Pres., Division A IA 3. Mr. Pastor L. Rabanes Pres., Division B IA 4. Mr. Mike Canacan Pres., Division C IA 5. Mr. Panfilo A. Alingalan Municipal Agriculturist, Banaybanay 6. Engr. A. Saringam MENRO (designated MPDC Staff) 7. Mr. Marcelo Roque AT/ Si I. PROJECT SETTING The seat of the Lupon River Irrigation System's is located along the national highway crossing Barangay Bagumbayan in the Municipality of Lupon, District 2 in the province of Davao Oriental, Philippines. The system service area covers two municipalities, namely: the municipality of Lupon and Banay-banay. It is about 35 kilometers away from the municipality of Mati, the capital town and the commercial trading center in the province of Davao Oriental, and about 135 kilometers away from Davao City. The diversion dam of the system is located * at 1260 03' 44" longitude and 60 58' 07" latitude. Lupon River Irrigation System was originally constructed in December, 1971, funded by the National Government and after its completion; trial run was conducted on April 3, 1973. The system was initially operated in June, 1973. The total construction cost of the project amounted to P 2.6 Million. The original designed potential area is 2,450 hectares. Its diversion capacity is 4,300 liters per second. In the municipality of Lupon, the system covers three barangays, namely: Cabadiangan, Langka, and Bagumbayan while in the municipality of Banay-banay, the system covers 9 barangays, namely: Poblacion, San Vicente, Calubihan, Campo Piso, Rang-ay, Mogbongcogon, Caganganan, Kapsa and Panikian. The area covered in Lupon is 831 hectares while in Banay-banay,1,619 hectares or a total of 2,450 hectares. The Lupon River Irrigation System is designed to fully serve the area of 2,450 hectares for the whole year round. The dam is an Ogee type with three sluice gates at the right side of the dam. This has been operated to maintain the desired water elevation for a desired discharges required by the system. The system has a network of service roads along its main canal and laterals of about 58.36 kilometers which facilitate the in transport of palay produce from the field down to the market. In addition to institutional development activities and procurement of equipment, the proposed physical improvements include renovation of perimeter fence of the 1.50 hectares system's office compound, improvement of the system's office building and its garage and warehouse buildings. Major rehabilitation include: 1) continuation of the raising of the dam's ogee; 2) the installation of additional 2 diesel engines to the lifting mechanism of the sluice gates will facilitate operation of the system Euroestudios S.L. 32 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) 3) desilting of approximately 2.0 kilometers of drainage canal; 4) road surfacing of about 58.36 kilometers of system's access roads; * 5) construction of 5 units of canal structures; 6) construction of canal concrete lining of approximately 6.0 kilometers of Main Canal and 14.0 kilometers of Lateral Canals. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMET A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The ecosystem landscape of the Lupon irrigation system consists of the upstream watershed ecozone, where the Sumlog River Watershed is situated. The main water source of the system is Sumlog River, which has a recorded river discharge ranging from 10.83 cms to 17 cms from January 1981 to September 1987. It is able to support the systems diversion capacity of 4,300 liters per second. Its watershed catchment area covers approximately 4,000 hectares.. The upstream portion although well outside of the system, exerts strong influences because of swidden-farming (kaingin) practiced by migrants and lumads (mandayas), including small scale mining. The watershed is covered mostly by early to late secondary growth mixed Dipterocarp forest. Logging activities by small-time loggers called "Kaingin" done by some residents within the municipality and the proliferations of small scale mining activities are some of the factors that directly degrade our watershed area. The watershed area is less vegetated and dominantly second growth forest. It is interspersed by kaingin areas, sporadically scattered but * noticeably entrenched along the riverbanks. The kaingin are roughly estimated to an aggregate of 2,000 to 2,500 hectares. Sand, gravel and boulders abound the river channel of the Sumlog River. They are also found at the confluence of the Sumlog River and its tributaries and often roll along the river course and in some parts; islands have been formed in the middle of the river which are vegetated by thick cogon, wild talahib and other grasses. The DENR in coordination with the Provincial LGU of Davao Oriental has implemented reforestation projects in the watershed area of Sumlog and Tagugpo Rivers. The DA also implemented upland development projects in the area which include contour farming to minimize runoff water and erosion of top soil. The residents of Lupon, Banay-banay and other neighboring municipalities are strongly expressing their opposition to the small scale mining projects in the area. Agricultural Zone It spreads through the irrigated agricultural zone which the system serves The area covered in Lupon is 831 hectares while in Banay-banay,1,619 hectares or a total of 2,450 hectares. The total service area of the system is 2,450 hectares while its actual present irrigated area is 2,139 hectares for wet season and 2,138 hectares for the dry season. Irrigated rice is about 80.62%. Rainfed rice is 10.82% while grassland is only 7.88%. Coconut is approximately 4.76% while river wash, creeks and mountainous area is about 2.48%. Lupon River Irrigation System is producing the IR-64 rice variety, the well-known Banay-banay rice which is dubbed the "7-tonner." The system receives run of river water from the Sumlog river watershed. The service area covers two municipalities, namely: the municipality of Lupon and Banay-banay. Euroestudios S.L. 33 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Built- Up Ecozone * The built-up ecozone covers four barangays, namely: Tagugpo, Cabadiangan, Langka, and Bagumbayan while in the municipality of Banay-banay, the system covers 9 barangays, namely: Poblacion, San Vicente, Calubihan, Campo Piso, Rang-ay, Mogbongcogon, Caganganan, Kapsa and Panikian. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigators Association - There are three (3) irrigators' associations within the system which correspondingly are distributed in three administrative divisions. Division A has around 800 members covering 1,200 hectares. Division B has a strength of about 700 members distributed along some 885 hectares. The smallest unit is Division C, with 552 members covering 690 hectares. At the moment the irrigators are assuming part of the costs of canal clean up and repair. Member farmers practice integrated pest management, limiting pesticide application to only 2-3 times per cropping cycle. Three farmers have been noted to have adopted zero application, yielding an average of 100 cavans per hectare. The average yield for hybrid users is placed at 150 cavans per hectare. In general however, there is no sufficient capacity on environmental management and assessment. Technical and financial capacity Is limited. Although it is being realized that environmental issues are important, the knowledge on how to managem the environment is simply lacking. Farmer- Managers - Include members with large individual landholdings of more than 50 hectares. The least responsive to Integrated Pest Management and are predisposed to the * heavy applications of pesticide. These groups represent 80% of the rice farms in both municipalities. Seed Production Companies - Constitutes a high impact stakeholder hybrid seed production group, which now cover an aggregate of 1,000 hectares. These are S&L(Sterling Agritech) that breeds the M6/SL8H, Bayer breeds the Bigante and Ml varieties and DOSPCO breeds the hybrid M3. This group represents a major and influential block of system user. The lAs contend that at times the S&L employ hard tactics to force water distribution. S & L is being suspected by the lAs to be liberally mixing unregulated cocktail of highly toxic pesticides. Fishpond Operators - mostly devoted to milkfish (Bangus) production. The average size pond covers 8-10 hectares. The fishponds get their freshwaters supply from the Lupon irrigation system. Local Governments - the system is covered by two municipalities, namely Lupon and Banai- banai. The former lies at the headwaters of the system and contributes three (3) barangays, while the latter takes the larger service area covering five (5) barangays. The LGU in Banai- Banai has been actively promoting the promotion of rice intensification thru the spread of Hybrid rice. Already, some 328 hectares have been converted to hybrid rice production. IPM is part of the menu of agricultural services provided by the LGU. A demo farm of 5 hectares is being dedicated to demonstrate the technology of rapid composting in Lupon. At present, with funds being received by the municipalities from their share of the IRA, they are assisting the irrigation systems in the maintenance of canal service roads and the construction of additional farm to market roads. It is also felt that with their influence in the community, they can assist in improving the working relationship between the NIA and the lAs in implementing programs related to water distribution, cropping pattern and planting calendar Euroestudios S.L. 34 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Some of the Mayors even volunteered to award prizes to lAs who will adjudged Models of the Year in the proposed yearly visitation program during the celebration of their town fiesta. Informal Settlers - The system is variously threatened by informal settlement along main and lateral canals. These are found in high density built-up areas where portions of lateral canal A, in Lupon are colonized with housing structures. The protection dike, close to the intake in Tagugpo has also given way to a number of settlements. Indigenous Peoples - while these constitute a group of stakeholders outside of the system, the resource extractive, land use and trading activities of the Mandayas in the upstream watershed exert externalities on the system. The group has been engaged in the trading of agricultural and minor forest products such as bamboos. The increased trading activity has stimulated settlement built up, close the Tagugpo intake Migrant Settlers - largely undocumented, these group have taken a niche among the subsistence users of the watershed employing unsustainable swidden practices, responsible for accelerating erosion and river siltation. Small-Scale miners - also largely undocumented and unregulated, the small scale mining group represent a serious threat to the system and its various user groups. DENR and attached agencies - responsible for identifying, regulating and monitoring both environmentally critical projects and areas. The agency through its environmental management service is responsible for placing under the coverage of its environmental impact system, the activities of the Seed Production Companies Department of Agriculture - The agency is at the forefront of promoting the flagship GMA rice production intensification program through the use of Hybrids C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Land use changes. Operation of Seed production companies typified by the S & L Corporation has been linked to major shifts in land use and cropping practices. Pesticides use/infestation. Traditional relay cropping of Mungbean can no longer be done by farmers because of the advanced cropping of S&L, where irrigation prevented the dry cropping of mungbean in nearby farms. Use of high dosage of unregistered (red label) pesticides in seed production areas causes collateral crop damage on nearby farms, where increased pestilence has been observed. The heaviest usage of pesticide use in the SPA has been observed from July to August. Rice crops become most susceptible to neck rot caused by the rice blast fungus 85-95 days, upon panicle initiation. Rice yields in affected areas have declined to as low as 20 cavans per hectare in some farms due to the disease. Most affected are farmers using the IR-64 variety, which has given the system, the well-known premium "banai-banai" rice. The breakdown in the cropping system, threatens to decimate variety, eventually forcing farmers to adopt the technologically intensive Hybrid rice. Ironically, seeds of high-yielding rice variety are not available locally, making it doubly difficult for affected farmers to shift from the susceptible inbred variety to the high yielding variety Euroestudios S.L. 35 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Farmers have noticed a significant decline in rice harvest in areas adjoining banana plantations. This is attributed to the high level of pestilence, due to the intensive and extensive application of pesticides. Insect activity is transferred to the unprotected rice crops. Fishkills. Discharge of toxic waster water from washing pesticide application equipment is linked to the extinction of fish population in water bodies. Fishpond operations have been adversely affected by the depletion of bangus fry, crab and prawn fry Conversion to seed production areas (SPAs). Up to 50% of irrigated area now being converted to seed production areas and this seen to increase given the absence of a definitive and harmonized land use policy by the local governments of affected municipalities to deal with shifts to seed production . The municipal government of Banai- Banai is an exception. Still, its policy to limit SPAs to 500 hectares has been exceeded. The combined effect of declining rice yield and the attractive offer of a PhP 25,000 rent per hectare by the seed production companies has prompted farmers to momentarily give up on rice production. Reduced serviceability of roads. The use of the NIA service by heavy equipment (trucks and tractors) of the Sterling Agritech Company has reduced the serviceability of the roads. Damage to the irrigation canals have also been noted by the lAs. Solid waste disposal. Canals have increasingly been used as open dumps by nearby households and this is being addressed by barangay-based solid waste management Conversion to banana production. The change-over to banana production has claimed about 500 hectares of ricelands. The shift is precipitated by "force majeure" conditions, * where adjoining banana plantations have adversely modified the irrigation supply for ricelands. The STANFILCO case, presents a venture, where eventually management was left to small farmers. Spread of informal settlements. At least six families have been found to have constructed houses along portions of the main canal, while a number of house and utility structures straddle portions of the lateral Canal A, Six houses have been identified lined along the protection dike adjoining the ogee dam. There are additional six utility structures, outhouses, which may likely turn to houses if left unattended by system authorities. At the opposite side the service road extending from the intake down to the protective dike is a high density linear settlement of about 30 houses. The community is a trading receptor of products from the watershed communities. Bamboos are being processed into "sawali" by the dam community. Minimal use of IPM. IPM is not widely adopted in farming activities. Minimal adoption on the use of organic fertilizers. Most farmers are heavily dependent on inorganic/chemical fertilizers as farm inputs. Weak environmental capacity. Both the system personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand deal with environmental issues. The lack of trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Increased crop yields from improved canal distribution - the proposed project interventions will likely restore and improve production levels when canals are desilted. Euroestudios S.L. 36 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Another benefit from the system improvement of LRIS would be an increase in paddy rice production amounting to about 1,958 tons annually at full development. This would be equivalent to 1,272 tons of milled rice (at 65% milling recovery) valued at P22.97 million and represent an annual gross import savings of about US$425,391 (at P54.00/US$1.00). Increased on-farm employment - the physical improvement of the system would create some employment opportunities in the service area during the implementation period. On the farm, about 23 thousand man-days of full time annual employment would be generated for the farm and landless families. The value of farm labor at current rate of P200/manday would be equivalent to about P4.56 million annually. Improved environmental management capacity - lAs, NIA system staff and LGUs stand to benefit from the capacity building support in the area of integrated water resources management, and other environmental management system concerns Strengthened participation of lAs in local water governance - the project is designed to introduce technologies, systems and best practices for participation, particularly in the arena of intra and inter group mobilization to improve local water governance. Overall, more than 93% of the farmers have joined the association Strengthened Awareness of lAs and Barangays on ISWM - with solid waste disposal a recurring concern, the project will highlight activities that will build, strengthen and develop good practices at the household and community levels. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES * Organize and train water quality monitoring teams, involving NIA and lAs Dug soils should be properly placed in flat and stable slopes to avoid siltation from washouts Facilitate the conduct of a multistakeholder summit by establishing a structure for dialogue and consensus for common grounds for environmental and social measures , especially those that relate to environmental risks. Institute a training program on environmental management for lAs, NIA and LGUs. Federate the lAs within the system and provide best practices capacity building Engage the assistance of DENR, to develop a system-linked community watershed plan and preferably broker a co-management agreement with the lAs and the LGU Train a cadre of IA leaders on integrated water resources and environmental management Euroestudios S.L. 37 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) MALLIG RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (MRIS) (MALLIG, ISABELA) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: Mallig RIS Office, Mallig, Isabela Date: 3 rd July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Demetrio V. Costales Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Domingo S. Joson FIA President 3. Mr. Vic Franada TSA Leader 4. Mr. Sergio Isla IA Leader 5. Mr. Antonio S. Laurel Lateral IA Pres. 6. Mr. Onofre P. Domingo IDO 7. Mr. Modesto A. Aungod NIA 8. Mr. Alfredo C. Openha NIA 9. Mr. Samuel A. Panafox WRF Technician 10. Mr. Fernando C. Naguimbing Sr. TSG "A", MRIIS 11. Mr. Manolo A. Panafox Clerk / Processor 12. Mr. Rogelio N. Barwelo Sr. Engineer A 13. Mr. Wilson Balisi TSA Leader 14. Mr. Marcelino M. Paule Pres., Main Canal 15. Ms. Corazon A. Padua SCRO 16. Mr. Jones Roarbun Utility Worker B. I. PROJECT SETTING Mallig River Irrigation System (MRIS) is located in Mallig, Isabela. It is approximately 390 kilometers north of Manila. MRIS formally operated on May 1, 1986 and is addressed to irrigate a service area of 2,427 hectares that covers twelve (12) barangays, i.e., San Pedro (Barucboc Sur), Binmonton, Casili, Centro 1 (Poblacion), Centro 2 (Poblacion), Maligay, Rang-ayan, San Jose Norte I, San Jose Sur, Victoria, San Jose Norte II and San Ramon. Irrigation water is derived from Mallig River and Casili Creek through diversion dam constructed across the river and creek, respectively. Mallig Diversion Dam was constructed to supply the irrigation requirements of the 2,427 hectares service area of MRIS. However, during dry season the system experienced shortage of irrigation water supply. Hence, the Casili Dam across Casili Creek was constructed to augment the water supply. The average irrigated area for wet and dry seasons are 1,978 hectares and 1,927 hectares, respectively with a low cropping intensity of 161 percent. The service area of the system is being irrigated through gravity by the Mallig Diversion Dam and the Casili Creek Diversion Dam. The irrigation network is comprised of the following: Euroestudios S.L. 38 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Particulars Length (in kms) Area Covered (in hectares) 1. Main Canal 13.740 558.037 2. Lat A 7.0614 497.993 3. Lat A-1 2.584 88.46 4. Lat B 11.8529 420.3219 5. Lat B-1 1.520 57.60 6. Lat B-2 1.500 56.70 7. Lat B3 & B4 0.835 40.00 8. Lat C 4.320 104.54 9. Lat C-1 3.080 108.97 10. Lat D 7.470 494.3781 In addition to institutional development activities and procurement of equipment, the proposed improvement of the systems under PIDP includes the following physical rehabilitation works.: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Construction of LCWs and Reflogle flumes d) Improvement of road and connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system f) Replacement of mechanical facilities . II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The Mallig system spreads evenly on flat surface and is not immediately influenced by forest zones, except by externalities from the Magat system. Riverine Ecozone The primary sources of water supply of the proposed project are the Mallig River and Casili Creek located at Turod, Quezon, Isabela and Binmonton, Mallig, Isabela, respectively. MRIS has a drainage area of 465.3 square kilometers. The diversion sites are located at coordinates 17004'58" North latitude and 123033'13" East longitude for Mallig River while diversion site for Casili Creek has a drainage area of 76 square kilometers. There are four major creeks inside the system which serve as drains. These are: Casili, Good, Mabanga and Barucboc Creeks. Good, Mabanga and Barucboc Creeks are all tributaries of Casili Creek. They terminate at the Mallig River, the confluence of which is located outside the service area. The four creeks are being used as terminal drainage for the constructed drainage channels and small drain within the system. Agricultural Ecozone i The system spreads in the middle zone of the Mallig plains, which is reputed to be the rice granary of the north. With a total irrigable area of 2,427 hectares, the present farm operators have varying farm sizes with an average farm size of 1.75 hectares. About 29.14% of the Euroestudios S.L. 39 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) total farmers are concentrated in farm size up to 1.0 hectare occupying about 10.27% of the farm area. The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectare and above constitute about 19.63% of * the total area. Rice-rice cropping pattern is common to all farms in the wet and dry seasons. The usual cropping schedule is from May to October for wet season and November to April for dry season. Built-up Ecozone The present population is estimated at 11,088 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 2,218; of which 1,383 (62%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 38% are landless. The population density is estimated at 4.57 persons per hectare within the service area and the population growth rate is about 3% per annum. Because of the systems integration with a high density built up area, some sections have been squatted and encroached upon. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigator's Associations - the system services four lAs with a total membership of 1,311 farmers. A small number of 53 non-members are also served by the system. The lAs are very cooperative. Yet, their limited capacity to deal with environmental issues would need a strong capability building to enhance their knowledge and skills, and financial support to undertake the necessary mitigating measures. Municipal Local Government - The system falls under the jurisdiction of the municipal LGU of Mallig, Isabela, About 12 barangays are covered under the system. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Landslide/soil erosion/scoured canals. Other sections of the canal are located at side hills which are frequently damaged due to erosion and land slides. Almost all canal sections need reshaping and repair. They are already deteriorated over time due to lack of funds for rehabilitation. Most outlets for conveyance structure are scoured. The service roads need upgrading and re-metalling. Turnout gates have been destroyed and most were stolen by uncooperative and undisciplined farmers. Decreasing farmers' participation - low turn-out in meetings, difficulty in mobilizing action from members and weak enforcement (illegal turn-outs at mid and downstream sections) are some of the indices of participation of IA members Squatting and encroachment - pockets of settlements are found in canal embankments (lateral B1). However in another lateral section (Lat. B), at least 10 squatters have claimed the entire canal section that has not been active for sometime. In a clear case of encroachment, a 50 meter section of lateral B was fenced-in by a residential property. This affected distribution in the 13 km length of the canal, limiting supply to 140 hectares Land conversion - dispersed settlements consisting in the aggregate of about 10 hectares of riceland converted to residential, commercial and orchards. Weak environmental capacity. Both the System personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand and deal with environmental issues. The lack of formal trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. Euroestudios S.L. 40 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) . D.ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS The rehabilitation of existing drainage facilities and the addition of drainage canals and structures will significantly reduce flooding and area of submergence. To further reduce flooding, all drainage canals will be connected to any of the four major creeks inside the system namely: Casili, Good, Mabanga and Barucboc Creeks all of which terminate at the Mallig River. The proposed irrigation infrastructure will be designed so as not to adversely affect the natural drainage pattern and thus prevent or minimize localized flooding. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES IPM technology is being resorted to by farmers resulting in the increase utilization of organic farm inputs. Likewise, the use of chemical pesticides has decreased among farmers. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES A closed conduit structure will be laid to avoid displacing a linear settlement of 10 families To generate higher and sustained levels of farmer participation, the Irrigation Systems Office (ISO) has programmed to form five (5) lAs, with an average coverage area of about 485 ha comprising 235 potential farmer-members each. The ISO has finished the organization and registration of all five lAs, with 91 percent of the farmers signing up as registered members. Expanding the membership of the lAs should be a continuing priority program of the ISO, since success in water management depends on collective action. Provide a training and cliniquing for lAs, NIA staff and LGUs on environmental management. Euroestudios S.L. 41 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) MARANDING RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (Lanao del Norte) Activity: Key Informants Interview/ Stakeholders Consultation Meeting Location: Maranding RIS Office, Maranding, Lala, Lanao del Norte Date: 23 rd June, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Jocarnine L. Gubat OIC / Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Doroteo Anadrin IA Vice Pres., Marsadate 3. Ms. Angeline Obiso IA Secretary, Bawasan Cadon 4. Ms. Angela Femeo Economist A 5. Ms. Janeth Aguis IA - Bawasan Cadon 6. Mr. Jose Aguis IA- Bawasan Cadon 7. Ms. Rosalinda Patiho NIA-RIO 8. Mr. Bagalogos IA - Lamatun 9. Mr. Alberto Simundo IA Pres., Crusima 10. Mr. banitaw Bacwal WRFT 11. Ms. Edwin Jambongan IA - Macabasakpa 12. Mr. Rufo B. Barbanopa IA- Maris 13. Mr. Melecio A. Lahaniosa VCRFT 14. Jerson Vizcara Sr. Engr. B 15. Mr. L. Y. Bartolome Clerk Pcsr B. / Info. Officer 16. Ms. Grace larino IDO A / Loll Rep. 17. Mr. Emiliano Baso WRFT 18. Mr. Vicente Gocotaho WRFT 19. Mr. Lloyd Tacebas Schisto / Engr. ll 20. Ms. Marietta Ababa Schisto Unit 21. Ms. Julieta Dampog Engr. A 22. Ms. Grace Roxas CPB 23. Mr. Moises Siangco IA Pres., Paicusilangka 24. Mr. Ariel Ibale Municipal Engr., Lala 25. Mr. Bonifacio Sumalpong MEO Staff 26. Ms. Nelia Adale RIO-O&M I. PROJECT SETTING The Maranding River Irrigation System was originally constructed in 1974 and was completed in 1978 with an initial cost of P18.861 Million. Its main source of water is the Maranding River. The system was then a responsibility area of Region 12 in Midsayap but it was transferred to Region 10 in Cagayan de Oro City by virtue of Executive Order No. 36, effective September, 2001. It is located approximately 120 kilometers from Iligan City and 216 kms. from Cagayan de Oro City. The System has six (6) organized and duly registered lAs which correspond to its six (6) Divisions. These lAs have been federated into Federation of Irrigators Association of Maranding RIS (FIMARIS). The existing conditions of irrigation facilities compelled the four (4) Divisions: A, B, E and F to practice simultaneous irrigation, while two (2) Divisions, C and D, to practice rotational method. The six (6) lAs have actual farmer-members of 3,573 and 4,870 potential farmer-members. Euroestudios S.L. 42 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) The Diversion Dam of Maranding River Irrigation System is an ogee-overflow type diversion weir with an average dependable waterflow of 13 cu.m. per second and is located at the * municipality of Sapad along Salug River. Five (5) other existing and operational supplemental dams used to re-use the excess waters are located at Barangays Matampay, two (2) at Darumawang, Lanipao and Tuna-an, all at Lala, Lanao del Norte. Darumawang and Tuna-an Supplementary Dams are both located at the downstream portion of the system. These supplementary dams have augmented water requirements in the extremities. Butadon supplementary dam which is partially completed and non-operational at present, if completed will generate another more or less 300 hectares serving two (2) barangays of Concepcion and Donggoan, all of Kapatagan, Lanao del Norte. The source is Butadon Creek and will augment the needed water requirements at the downstream area of Lateral- B Canal. Maranding RIS has been operating with a stretch of 18.779 kilometers Main Canal and 52.498 kilometer-length of Lateral canals. Some 51.695 kms. of canals (Main Canals and Lateral Canals) are lined while 17.279 kilometers are still earth canals. About 2.303 kilometers is the total length of structures. These canals were mostly lined before but are already damaged and badly scoured due to flashfloods and inadequate cross-drain structures and illegal checking of farmers' with rice fields adjacent to the canals. PDIP interventions will include institutional development activities and procurement of equipment. In addition physical rehabilitation works will be undertaken that may contribute to environmental impacts. There will be two (2) phases of physical rehabilitation. The first phase (Phase I) will concentrate on the repair and improvement of all existing facilities and construction of new measuring devices and control structures. This includes the repair of the damaged canal lining and provides concrete lining on the remaining unlined canals. These activities are expected to restore 748 hectares that will bridge the gap between the service area of 4,926 hectares and average irrigated area before this program of 4,178 hectares and 3,884 hectares for the wet and dry season, respectively. Another major activity is the repair and improvement of the diversion dam. This includes building of flood protection structures at the downstream left bank and apron and flood protection works at two (2) sections of the main canal that are threatened by the meandering course of Maranding River and Jongko Creek. The section at the de Asis area particularly at Sta. 7+930 of the Main Canal was damaged last August, 2005. The second phase (Phase II) will cover the construction of new Intake Structure and new canal to augment the needed water supply starting at Headgate of Lateral E. This will serve the areas covered by Laterals E, F and portion of Main Canal, and the water from the main system that has been serving these laterals will now be concentrated to the main system to augment the water requirements of the laterals upstream namely: Lateral Dl, D2 and Lateral B. This will include improvement and construction of existing service and access roads in the main system. In summary, the following activities are proposed under PIDP: PHASE I: a. Repair/Improvement of the main division structure b. Rehabilitation of vertical lining along main canal c. Rehabilitation of canal structure of siphon along main canal at Station 9 + 764 d. Construction/Installation of measuring devices and control structures e. Improvement of drainage facilities Euroestudios S.L. 43 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) f. Repair/Improvement of terminal facilities PHASE Il: a. Construction of new intake and appurtenances for water augmentation. b. Repair/Improvement of service and access roads c. Construction of flood protection d. Repair of remaining canal structures and facilities II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Some 4870 farmers in three municipalities cultivate 4,808 hectares which cut through the ecological zones with the highest environmental and social sensitivity are the agricultural and built-up zones of the system. Forest Ecozone The watershed area of Maranding RIS extends up to the boundary of the province of Lanao del Sur in the municipality of Bacolod. In Lanao del Norte province, three municipalities are within the watershed area, namely: Sapad, Nunungan and Salvador. The whole of Sapad municipality, part of Salvador and Nunungan of Lanao del Norte, and Bacolod of Lanao del Sur cover the watershed area of Maranding RIS. It has an aggregate area of 205 sq. kms. Field slope of the watershed varies from mountainous and steep slope hills (65%), undulating to rolling (25%) to moderately rolling 10%. The highest elevation is 1,535 meters above mean sea level and the lowest is 50 meters above mean sea level. The headwater source of Maranding River is at the province of Lanao del Sur. There are several creeks contributing to the source and four (4) major rivers. The four major rivers are Malabuayan, Salug, Kabayugan and Lalaunan Rivers. Agricultural Ecozone Majority of the System's area is classified as agricultural (70%) The remaining 30% is classified as non-agricultural zone which comprises the residential zone (more or less 12%), the commercial sites (more or less 10%), small-scale industrial zone (2%) and those of public use which is about (6%). Built-up Ecozone The above agricultural land use covers about 70% of the total area of Maranding RIS while the remaining 30% of its area is utilized for residential, commercial, small-scale industries and for public use. Maranding is considered a medium to high density barangay. Coastal Ecozone Flooding usually lasts for 2-3 days to subside when heavy rains occur, more so when it coincides with high tide since the extremities of the service area is very near the fishpond areas along Panguil Bay. So near, that saline water intrusion occurs during high tides. Euroestudios S.L. 44 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) . B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigators Association - The system is co-managed by six irrigator associations, each of which are responsible for a specific area-based divisions. Maranding RIS had re-organized its IA and at this time six (6) Irrigators Associations under IOSP-FIOP. First Wave of Implementation included the three (3) lAs of Lala municipality which was organized in 1990. MARSADATES Irrigators Association, Inc. covers six (6) barangays namely; Maranding, Rebe, Saavedra, Darumawang, Tenazas and Simpak. CRUSIMA Irrigators Association, Inc. covering three (3) barangays namely Sta. Cruz, Simpak and Matampay and LAMATUN Irrigators Association, Inc. covering four (4) barangays namely Lanipao, Magpatao, Mendiola and Tunaan. And simultaneously three (3) lAs of Kapatagan area were organized in 1991 under the Second Wave of Implementation MACABASAKPA Irrigators Association, Inc. covering eight (8) barangays namely Maranding Annex, Curvada, De Asis, Sto. Tomas, Bagong Silang, Kapatagan, Pancilan and Panoloon. PATCUSILANGKA Irrigators Association, Inc. covering five (5) barangays namely Panoloon, Bagong Silang, Curvada, Kapatagan Poblacion and Tiacongan. BAWASANCADON Irrigators Association, Inc. covers eight (8) barangays namely Butadon, Waterfalls, Cathedrall Falls, San Vicente, Sta. Cruz, Balili, Concepcion and Donggoan with a total of 4,593 farmer-beneficiaries. Local Governments - The system straddles several municipalities, Lalla, Sapad and Kapatagan. However, only the Municipal Local Government of Lalla has taken part in tripartite agreement with NIA and the Irrigators Association Migrant Settlers - Maranao settlers from the upland municipality of Nugnongan not only * changes the demographics of the receptor communities in the Kapatagan Valley. Tension is also created because of property rights and access to sections of the system, as a result of settlement overlaps. Squatters -- colonies of squatters represent an emergent stakeholder group in the System. As many as 60 houses have been identified to be situated in the berm of the main canal including road crossings Small-Scale miners (Quarry) - There are a number of legitimate and illegal quarry operators within the Maranding river. Downstream quarrying has resulted to faster stream velocity which has exposed the Maranding siphon to potential damage in the event of new flooding. This could force the system to shut down if needed structural measures are not immediately put in place C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Settlement encroachmen/Loss of canal- the issue of informal settlements within the system appears to be prevalent. The municipality of Lalla, which covers about 2,,000 hectares of the service area is considered to be the critical hotspot for squatting. In one particular case, lateral canals have disappeared to give way to a proposed three-hectare subdivision. In another lateral section, farmers have had limited access because migrant settlers from the strife-torn municipality have set up a cluster colony. Berms are also being . claimed by informal settlers along main canals. There are stretches of settlements of at least 50-60 households at the berm of the canal in one division. Siltation and flooding - Due to massive siltation and inadequacy of drainage canals and creeks at the downstream portion of the System, flooding frequently occur during Euroestudios S.L. 45 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) continuous rains every year. Flooding usually lasts for 2-3 days to subside when heavy rains occur, more so when it coincides with high tide since the extremities of the service area * is very near the fishpond areas along Panguil Bay. So near, that saline water intrusion occurs during high tides. This is also the cause of widespread flooding at Lala town proper within the vicinity of the NIA constructed Lanipao Supplementary Dam across Lanipao Creek. Technical Survey results showed heavily silted Lanipao creek with very low creek banks, adding the lack of cross drains along the National Highway that traversed across the creeks. Development of settlements, clogging of canals by debris and poor planned infrastructure aggravate the flooding problem. For instance, a major cross drain has been squatted, and even the construction of the national highway has disrupted normal flood flow patterns. Division F has 160 hectares affected by floods due to improperly designed dike structures by the DPWH. An additional 20-30 hectares in Division E suffer from perennial flooding due to the overflow of the Darumauan creek. Overflow within the confluence of three rivers in Kapatagan is also responsible for flooding in two barangays, covering 200 hectares. Soil erosion/scouring of river bank. Earth canals are susceptible to damage and soil erosion. Saline intrusion - This affects the outer extremities of the system closed to the coastal zone, At least 10 hectares in division F are affected by this phenomenon, which result to crop damage and growing unsuitability of affected agricultural lands for rice cultivation Gender and development - while women participation is not a programmatic effort, some lAs are able to highlight the contributions of women in improving particularly collection * efficiency. Division C has a cadre of women leaders and they represent the group with the highest collection record and the most number of awards and recognitions. Local governance. An LGU-NIA-IA tripartite agreement was formed as a mechanism for cooperation to respond to the recurring operation and maintenance needs of the system. lAs now have the leverage to negotiate with barangay, municipal LGUs and its Provincial Government for needed resources to maintain the serviceability of the system. The municipal Government of Lalla in particular has responded In the past with a two hundred thousand pesos outlay for construction materials and fuel. The Provincial Government provides facilitative assistance, enabling the system to receive a 1.5 - million assistance from the Department of Agriculture. Environmental health and safety/waste disposal - the NIA waterways have been determined to be endemically contaminated by Schistosomiasis. This public health problem affects residents in 15 barangays in the municipality of Lalla, 17 in Kapatagan and 4 in Sapad. To eradicate the Schisto parasite requires the extreme and impossible measure of draining the system and stopping farming activities for at least 3 years. The problem is exacerbated by the unsanitary practice of human waste disposal in the canals. Only 60% of the households in Lalla have sanitary toilets and the 40% resort to disposal in the canal system. The open access conditions of the system render it vulnerable to the disposal of animal sewage ( piggery waste) and household solid waste. The unmitigated practice of carabao wallowing in the canals only serves to aggravate the incidence of Schistosomiasis. The problem still has to be met with coordinative efforts in advocacy from different institutional stakeholders. The location of some schools near the system and the lack of physical barriers also raises issues of safety, with recorded incidents of drowning of school children. Euroestudios S.L. 46 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Minimal adoption on the use of organic fertilizers. Most farmers are heavily dependent on inorganic/chemical fertilizers as farm inputs. Weak environmental capacity. Both the system personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand and deal with environmental issues. The lack of formal trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. Minimal use of IPM technology. There is a minimal use of IPM technology thereby chemical fertilizers and pesticides are being used at a much higher level than those systems in Region 2. D. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Good irrigation management, closely matching irrigation demands and supply, can reduce seepage and increase irrigation efficiency, thereby reducing the groundwater recharge. The provision of drainage will alleviate the problem locally but may create problems if the disposal water is of a poor quality. Apart from measures to improve water management, two options to reduce seepage are to line canals in highly permeable areas and to design the irrigation infrastructure to reduce wastage. Water logging also implies increased health risks, especially the spread of Schistosomiasis Aquatic weeds provide an important substrate for the snails. Unlike mosquitoes, snails do not actively carry the disease-causing organism from one human to another; completion of the lifecycle depends on hygiene (defecation/urinating) and water contact patterns. Human * behavior is, therefore, the other key determining factor. The water buffalo is a reservoir-host for the japonicum form of Schistosomiasis. The changing hydrological regime associated with the proposed irrigation scheme may alter the capacity of the environment to assimilate water soluble pollution. In particular, reductions in low flows result in increased pollutant concentrations already discharged into the water course either from point sources, such as industry, irrigation drains and urban areas, or from non-point sources, such as agrochemicals leaking into groundwater and soil erosion. Reduced flood flows may remove beneficial flushing, and reservoirs may cause further concentration of pollutants. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES The Municipal Government of Lala, Lanao del Norte has contributed some P150,000.00 worth of construction materials during the repair of Siphon Structure which collapsed on July 24, 2005 at Rebe, Lala, Lanao del Norte and has prevented the possible damage of more than 2,000 hectares of standing crops within Lala area of Maranding RIS. In the NIA-LGU-IA Tie Up, the NIA and the IA are able to formulate policies and regulatory mechanisms. The arrangement lays down the parameters for the used of police powers thru recommendation of the local barangay units which is then elevated further to the municipal and provincial levels for adoption. Through this coordinative scheme also the LGU is able to in the implementation of NIA-IA policies in the management of the system Euroestudios S.L. 47 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) . 111. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Organize TVVG for Advocacy/Social Marketing for environmental sanitation .An interdisciplinary dialogue should guide planners in the incorporation of engineering and environmental management measures in the design, construction and rehabilitation of irrigation schemes Facilitate the organization of a system-wide Multisectoral Environmental Summit to identify areas of cooperation Design local policy interventions that constitute the formulation of an irrigation and watershed sensitive local environmental code. Training and cliniquing of lAs, NIA and LGUs on environmental management Plan and delineate buffalo discipline (wallowing) zones with the participation of IA leaders to reduce the vector potential for Schistosomiasis and reducing scouring of earth canals. Euroestudios S.L. 48 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) PINACANAUAN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (PRIS) (Penablanca, Cagayan) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: SPIS / PRIS Office, Solana, Cagayan Date: 4 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Engr. Francis G. Yu Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Andres M. Abella IA Pres. 3. Mr. Juan M. Cariaga IA Vice President 4. Mr. Renato D. Domingo IA President, Pena IA 5. Mr. Loreto B. Lagandif BOD 6. Mr. Artemio Turbazi IA Auditor, IPIA 7. Mr. Agustin R. Tattao WRFT I. PROJECT SETTING The Pinacanauan River Irrigation System (PRIS) is located in Penablanca, Cagayan, approximately 476 kilometers north of Manila. The system derives water from Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao River by gravity thru an intake structure situated within the Callao Caves Resort, Penablanca, Cagayan with coordinates 17° 42' 24" latitude and 121° 49' 00" * longitude. It has a total service area of 880 hectares covering eight (8) barangays: Aggugadan, Malibabag, Callao, Nannarian, San Roque, Sisim, Bugatay and Cabbo. The main canal extends from intake at Barangay Aggugadan in Penablanca side to Barangay Libag in Tuguegarao side with a total length of 15.41 kilometers and five (5) lateral canals with a total length of 7.04 kilometers. The canal is ideally located at the elevated portions of the area to irrigate the 1,200 hectares service area with the facility. The canal bottom for the first kilometer of the main canal consists of sand and gravel base while most of the canal sections are sand loam. The conveyance losses along the main canal ranges from 15% to 20% of the water delivered is due to soil type of the main canal. The conveyance canals are made out of earth and concrete lined canals. Some are located on deep cut and ribbon of fills while others are on cut and fill sections. Side slope slides sections usually occur on deep cut sections while sections under fills have already settled. Most of the canal situated at the side hills sections have been provided with close conduit structure. The system is adequately provided with headgates and check structures, spillway and bench flume. Some structures need repairs and installation of steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. The heavy siltation of the main canal especially on the deep cut portions causes insufficient flow of irrigation water into the system affecting mostly the downstream areas. The supply canal needs desilting in order to address the above constraints. The stretch of main canal and laterals were originally provided with service and operation roads on one side of the canal. During the visit some of the spillway crossings are not being constructed due to limitations of fund source of the system. Provisions for service roads and construction of spillway crossing to link roads for the accessibility for good O&M management and for the use of the farmer-beneficiaries as farm to market roads are needed. Euroestudios S. L. 49 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Adequate farm level facilities were provided during the construction of the project but because of insufficient and poor maintenance of the users, most are now in bad condition * and will need restoration for efficient water control. Proper contribution could not be implemented efficiently at the tertiary level due to the proliferation of unauthorized turnouts. The IA and the NIA should make decisions on which informal turnouts to authorize and which to close for good water control. Introduction of long crested weir to keep canal water level more or less constant and Replogle Flume at each supply canal to enable accurate measurement of discharge is seen as a solution to effect equity and reliability. PIDP interventions shall include institutional development activities, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works that are expected to provide environmental impacts. The rehabilitation works include canalization works, canal structures construction, roads system surfacing, and construction of irrigation modernization structures. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The Pinacanauan River Irrigation System (PRIS) is located in Penablanca, Cagayan, approximately 476 kilometers north of Manila. The system derives water from Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao River by gravity thru an intake structure situated within the Callao Caves Resort, Penablanca, Cagayan with coordinates 170 42' 24" latitude and 121° 49' 00" longitude. It has a total service area of 880 hectares covering eight (8) barangays: Aggugadan, Malibabag, Callao, Nannarian, San Roque, Sisim, Bugatay and Cabbo. Forest Ecozone * The system is heavily influenced by conditions in the Pinacanauan River Watershed. Once the site of intensive logging activities, due to its rich old growth and late secondary forests, the forest zone is now covered by Proclamation No. 484 in Oct. 6, 2003, effectively placing 1,118.58 hectares covering 18 barangays under the Penablanca Protected Landscape. The system is thus intimately linked with the caves system of Penablanca which are formed from the limestone relief. Riverine Ecozone The Pinacanauan River which feeds the system is a major influence area and its conditions reflect the quality and quantity of water that enters the system. In some areas the river is navigable and has been used as conveyance for illegally cut logs. Agricultural Ecozone The main canal extends from intake at Barangay Aggugadan in Penablanca side to Barangay Libag in Tuguegarao side with a total length of 15.41 kilometers and five (5) lateral canals with a total length of 7.04 kilometers. The canal is ideally located at the high portions of the area so as to irrigate the 1,200 hectares service area with the facility. The canal bottom for the first kilometer of the main canal consists of sand and gravel base while most of the canal sections are sand loam. The conveyance losses along the main canal ranges from 15% to 20% of the water delivered is due to soil type of the main canal. Built-up Ecozone The present population is estimated at 11,814 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 2,363; of which 1,569 (66%) are directly Euroestudios S.L. 50 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) involved in farming and the remaining 34% are landless. The population density is estimated at 13.42 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the * rate of 1.43% per annum. Adjacent to the main canal near the intake approach is a resettlement for Agtas from the Sierra Madre mountain range. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigator Association. The IA is not a member of the Municipal Development Council (MDC) nor the PAMB while they are invited to join meetings held by the organization of "Dannum ti Umili". Local Government. The municipal government is providing assistance to the lAs in the form of maintenance support for fuel and repair of equipments. Fertilizers are provided also including trainings and capacity building in agriculture such as the [PM. Protected Area Management Board. Oversee the management of the Penablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape (PPLS), a proclaimed protected landscape as part of the Sierra Madre mountain range. Although the lAs are not represented in the PAMB, it is usually the Barangay Chairmen who sit in the PAMB. Concerns of the lAs are forwarded through the PAMB by the Chairmen. Dannum ti Umili. Loosely translated, this means "water for the community", an organization of farmers that is aimed at protecting the supply of water. It is based in Tuguegarao. Although the lAs are not members of this organization due to inability to pay the membership fees, they are invited to join the regular meetings of the organization. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Deteriorated and silted irrigation canals and intake-The constructed drainage channels located on low portion especially on water-logged areas in Tuguegarao side were easily submerged during heavy rains and typhoons. This is brought by the inadequacy of drainage facilities and the already deteriorated existing irrigation facilities. Additional drainage ditches/canals and appurtenant structures aside from the rehabilitation of the existing drainage system are very necessary to improve the operation of the system and insure the productivity of the irrigated land. Scouring of river banks. The siltation of canals is further aggravated by the unmitigated practice of wallowing carabaos, which result to scouring of earth embankments. Flooding - results only from accumulated run-off which cannot be absorbed by silted main and lateral canals. The magnitude and extent however are considered to be insignificant. Squatting -- one of the few systems which are nearly free from informal settlements. Only one semi-permanent housing structure is found to be located along the main canal embankment. Land use conversion - there is no visible trend in land use conversion, as only one case was documented on the Tuguegarao side, involving less than half hectare of residential use * Weak environmental capacity - While the system is intimately linked with the Forest Cosine, particularly in this case, the Penablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape. lAs have not been enlisted as regular members of the PAMB, although occasionally called to Euroestudios S.L. 51 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) participate in meetings. Similarly, the lAs have yet to be accredited by the Sangguniang Bayan as a regular member of the municipal development council. F. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Reduced incidence of siltation and flooding with the improvement of canal structures and desiliting. Increased inflow of water to 550 liters per second with the repair of the Callao intake. This will ensure that the farmer beneficiaries will be adequately served by the supply canals Reduced siltation with the construction of the settling basin. Curtailed practice of carabao wallowing in irrigation canals - the practice of carabao wallowing freely in the canals will be acted upon with the participation of the lAs E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES lAs, barangay officials, municipal LGU represented in the system management committee Women are represented in the BOD of the component Irrigator Associations LGU Penablanca provides maintenance support, fertilizer and seed subsidies 90% percent of farmers participate in IA activities and are committed to mobilize even in the absence of incentives "Dannum ti Umili (Water for the Community), a citizen movement based in Tuguegarao is moving to link up with the lAs of PRIS to develop a common plafform for water governance IA sponsored municipal ordinance on solid waste management and canal cleanliness. Significant adoption of IPM technology resulting to the use of organic fertilizers and less chemical pesticides III ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Delineation of a Carabao wallowing and impoundment zone to reduce the recurring practice of carabao wallowing in the irrigation canals that accelerate soil erosion and scouring of earth stream banks. This can be worked out by the IA with the Barangay LGU through a resolution. Police powers are vested with the LGUs and therefore they are in the best position to address this measure while NIA facilitates the appropriate actions. Proposed settling basin will reduce the entry of silt in the canal system, ensuring the long- term serviceability of the canal system. Training and cliniquing of lAs, NIA and LGUs on environmental management. Euroestudios S.L. 52 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) TIGMAN HINAGYANAN INARIHAN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (THIRIS) (Maggarao, Camarines Sur) Activity: Focus Group Discussion/Key Informants Interview Location: THIRIS Office, Naga City Date: 26 th June, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Homer E. Diokno Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Daniel T. Pagares WRF Tender B 3. Mr. R. S. Caweliaw IA 4. Mr. J. A. Chica NIA-THIRIS 5. Mr. M. A. Sarcedo NIA-THIRIS 6. Mr. E. A. Arandia NIA-THIRIS 7. Mr. R. C. Briatu NIA-THIRIS 8. Mr. D. R. Ayoro NIA-THIRIS 9. Mr. Danilo Gonzales Centro Maggarao 10. Mr. Jose Rosales IA 11. Mr. Ernesto C. de los Reyes Sr. IA 12. Mr. Romeo Capal IA 13. Mr. Felipe Aguada IA 14. Mr. Ruben Moriiio Auditor, Division B 15. Mr. Rodrigo C. Nodado Pres., Division B 16. Ms. Angel C. Morona Vice Pres., Division B 17. Mr. Nestor Cabrera Treasurer, Division B 18. Mr. John C Hemady Secretary, Division B 19. Mr. Job V. Morena BHIA 20. Mr. Pablo D. Perez Division A 21. Mr. Ramon V. Rofo FBC 22. Mr. Anastacio R. Ricaforte FBC 23. Mr. Simeon T. Rojas CAL DIVA FIA 24. Mr. David S. Relloso Centro Maggarao 25. Mr. E. L. Rodriguez IA 26. Ms. Olive G. Paz IA 27. Ms. Felisa A. Ando IA 28. Mr. Plejo Arroyo Centro Maggarao 29. Mr. Julian A. Cefra Centro Maggarao 30. Ms. Salvacion R. Pardo Sr. IDO 31. Ms. Luzviminda N. Martinez 32. Mr. Wilberto Tamel HJ Farm 33. Mr. juanito Malanyaon Division A 34. Mr. Luis A. Balonido IA Pres., Centro Maggarao 35. Mr. Manuel Verdan NIA-THIRIS 36. Mr. Benjamin Caceres NIA-THIRIS 37. Mr. Mauro Pante NIA-THIRIS 38. Mr. E. A. Balondo NIA-THIRIS 39. Mr. Juanito M. Gerona NIA-THIRIS 40. Mr. Dionisio C. Diego NIA-RO 41. Ms. Glenda N. Pelagio NIA-THIRIS 42. Ms. Ruby B. Vergara NIA-THIRIS 43. Ms. Joan R. Tesoro NIA-THIRIS Euroestudios S. L. 53 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Name Position / Designation 44. Ms. Aurora S. Natividad NIA-THIRIS O 45. Ms. Josefina A. Orillo 46. Ms. Estrella P. Martiro NIA-THIRIS NIA-THIRIS 1. PROJECT SETTING The Tigman-Hinagyanan-Inarihan River Irrigation System (THIRIS) is situated in Camarines Sur portion of the lower flood plains of the Bicol river basin area. It is located on the right banks of the Bicol River and extends northerly from Naga City to a distance of about twelve kilometers to Calabanga. On its western side is the Bicol River, San Miguel Bay at the northern side, Naga City on the southern side, and the eastern side is along the slopes of Mount Isarog running from Calabanga to Naga City. It is part of a broad flat estuarine plain composed of the municipalities of Bombon, Calabanga, Magarao, and Canaman. The project area has a relatively flat topography, the slope being predominantly less than two percent. The project area is about 450 kilometers Southeast of Metro Manila and accessible through paved national and provincial roads, railroad and by air transportation. THIRIS is a run-of-the river type irrigation system that relies on the direct diversion of unregulated stream flow from the Tigman, Hinagyanan and Inarihan Rivers. The firmed-up service area of 3,542 hectares covers the municipality of Calabanga, Bombon, Magarao and Canaman in the province of Camarines Sur. The existing irrigation facilities of the system are composed of diversion dams, diversion channels, main canals, laterals, sub-laterals, canal structures, measuring devices, on-farm * facilities, access and service roads and O&M facilities. The existing drainage facilities consist of drainage canals and structures. The condition of these irrigation and drainage facilities is a major factor for efficient operation of the system. The system's average cropping intensity is 157%. This significant gap between firmed-up service area and the actual irrigated area resulted from a combination of factors, the main constraint being the physical defects of the system like heavy siltation in the canals, non- operational gates, dense vegetation and non-functional measuring devices. Inarihan diversion works are completed in 1951 and rehabilitated in 1980. Tigman and Hinagyanan diversion works are constructed in 1983 and completed in 1989. Since then no major rehabilitation works are done in these diversion works. Tigman Diversion Dam - The dam was designed to divert water from Tigman River to supply it to Hinagyanan Dam. The dam is an ogee type with a crest length of 41.70 m, dam height of 4.60 m, 1 bay sluiceway with 1 unit 2.20 m x 4.00 m steel gate. It also features a single barrel intake structure with 1 unit steel gate and has a design discharge of 3.30 cu m/sec. Tigman Diversion dam is equipped with an engine driven lifting mechanism but unfortunately due to a leaking tower shed the Ducati diesel engine rusted and became in operational. Since 1995, Tigman sluiceway lifting mechanism was not functioning. To effect better control and improve functionality of this dam, repair of lifting mechanism and replacement of gates are necessary. Thereafter, regular sluicing and proper gate operation and maintenance must be practiced. Hinagyanan Diversion Dam -The dam was designed to divert irrigation water coming from the Hinagyanan River and the supplied discharge from the Tigman Diversion Dam. It features an ogee overflow with a crest length of 14.40 m, dam height of 3.00 m, 1 bay sluiceway with 1 unit 2.10 x 4.00 m steel gate. It also features a single barrel intake structure Euroestudios S. L. 54 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) with 2 units 2.00 x 2.00 m steel gate and has a design discharge of 4.80 cu m/sec. Since 1995 Hinagyanan dam sluiceway lifting mechanism was unoperational. The intake gate is * also damaged. In 1998, its downstream apron was damaged by flood. To enhance functionality of this dam, repair of lifting mechanism and replacement of gates are necessary. Repair of the damaged apron must also be included in the scope of work. Likewise, regular sluicing should also be practiced to prevent accumulation of silt in the sluiceway. Inarihan Diversion Dam - The Inarihan Dam was completed in 1952 and rehabilitation undertaken in 1980 under the National Irrigation System Improvement Project (NISIP) and in 1988 under the ADB funded BRRBIDP. Proposed for improvement is to raise the dam crest by 0.50m, subject however to the result of the required profile and cross-section of the Inarihan Main Canal as suggested by the NIAC Technical Assistance Team. Checking of the elevation of the existing Parshall Flume, which is suspected to be obstructing the canal flow, was also recommended. Repair or replacement of steel gates and damaged appurtenant structures must also be included in the scope of work. Operational procedures of gates should be reviewed and practiced religiously. The canal system for THIRIS consists of 26.7 km diversion canals, 8.005 kilometers of main canal and 39.114 kilometers of lateral and sub-laterals or a total of 73.819 kilometers of irrigation canals. The Main Diversion Canal is 26.7 kilometers from the Tigman Diversion Dam to the terminus at the C Lateral. Both main diversion canals are concrete lined, whereas the lateral canals are either lined with concrete or grouted riprap. The main canals and most of the lateral canals are provided with Parshall Flumes as measuring devices. These measuring devices are mostly not functional due to improper construction and inadequate maintenance. The total length of main canal to be rehabilitated for Inarihan is 8.805 km including a canal extension of 0.80 km at Division B and a total of 26.70 kilometers for Tigman-Hinagyanan diversion canal. In the THIRIS coverage area, four (4) laterals and five (5) sub-laterals will be rehabilitated. The improvement will include extension of canals, canal lining repairs and continuity of farm ditches construction located along lateral canals. THIRIS has 65.624 kilometers of service roads to ensure accessibility during operation and maintenance within the service area. These roads were constructed on one bank of all main and lateral irrigation canals. A 2.130 km access road was also constructed to satisfy mobility within the area. Present condition of the roads ranges from bumpy and uncomfortable ride to non-passable due to deep ruts and eroded embankments. A total of 49.755 kilometers of service roads and 2.130 km access road will be rehabilitated and improved. The on-farm facilities consist of turnouts, farm ditches and farm drains. Farm ditches are spaced such that most parcels either adjoin the farm ditch or are only one parcel away from a farm ditch. As per inventory, ninety four (94) units of main turnouts have been constructed and 50.29 kilometers farm level canals have been constructed. Some drainage ditches are proposed for construction / rehabilitation under the project. PIDP interventions will include institutional development activities, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works. These include the following activities: 1) Repair of three (3) units Diversion Works structures from the three main water sources including among others the repair/replacement of lifting mechanism at sluice gates of Tigman Dam, intake gate of Hinagyanan Dam, repair of damaged sections of Hinagyanan Dam and raising of crest at Inarihan Dam. Euroestudios S. L. 55 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) 2) Modification of existing twenty seven (27) canal structures into twelve (12) units long . crested weirs and fifteen (15) units Replogle flume, the construction of which will result to better water flow control and measurement. 3) Rehabilitation of 34.705 kilometers of main canal and 44.604 kilometers of laterals. The items of work requires the restoration of damaged canal lining, desilting, raising and lining of low embankments, repair and replacement of steel gates. 4) Resurfacing of 49.755 kilometers of service road and 2.130 kilometers access road and upgrading/improvement of road structures. 5) Desilting of 91.87 kilometers farm ditches and repair/modification of 97 units of turnouts which entail among others, the replacement of 97 units turnout gates. 6) Rehabilitation of 21.89 kilometers secondary drainage canals and 48.77 kilometers farm drain canal. 7) Rehabilitation of seven (7) units gated ouffall including replacement of one (1) gate, construction or complete rehabilitation of twenty-five (25) units gated ouffall and construction of four (4) units elevated flume. 8) Repair of the watermaster's, gatekeeper's and Irrigation Superintendent's quarters. 9) Acquisition of communication facilities and maintenance equipments. 10) Construction of one (1) training facility. @ with 11) Construction of two (2) units dryer shed and one (1) unit air-conditioned seed storage accessories. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The watersheds supporting the system are an integral part of the Mt. Isarog Protected landscape. The forest cover of the watershed has been greatly reduced due to swidden farming, charcoal making and the continuous cutting of coconut trees, which has been for a long time a dominant canopy feature of the watershed. The watershed which most critically affects the system is the Calabanga watershed, which cascades from Mt. Isarog and discharges into San Miguel Bay. Riverine Ecozone THIRIS is located within the Bicol River Basin. The major streams within THIRIS are the Inarihan, Hinagyanan and Tigman rivers. These streams have a drainage area of 38, 23 and 34 sq. km respectively. All of these streams have well defined channels and directly discharging to San Miguel Bay. The principal sub-tributaries within THIRIS that are directly discharging to the San Miguel Bay are the Talacop, Sabang and Ilaud Creeks. These creeks have a drainage area of 6.9, 8.0 and 8.9 sq. km respectively. Other principal sub-tributaries directly discharging to the Bicol River are the Canaman, Magarao, Bombon and Quipayo Creeks. The drainage areas of these 4 creeks are 35.9, 24.0, 25.8, and 16.7 sq. km Euroestudios S. L. 56 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) respectively at the point of discharge to Bicol River. In general, the channels of the above creeks changes from a well defined cascading streams along its upper reaches to * meandering bifurcating system of sluggish channels when it enters into the lowlands. The drainage system constructed by DPWH under the Bicol River Basin Irrigation Development Project (BRBIDP) utilized the San Miguel Bay as the main outlet wherein control structures were constructed near Balongay and Sabang llaud Creek. The other main outlet was constructed at Ponong Creek which allows draining flood water to Bicol River during flood. The Canaman creek is also used to drain excess water direct to Bicol River during flood. There are four (4) main drainage canals of about 81 kilometers long designed with a maximum discharge capacity of 53.75 cu m/sec at Balongay, 26.77 cu m/sec at Sabang Ilaud Creek, 33.52 cu m/sec at Ponong Creek and 12.02 cu m/sec at Canaman Creek considering the drainage area of 8,800 has. They consist of channels along the levee, which are within the town proper of Magarao and the main streams of Canaman, Ponong, Bombon, Quipayo, Sabang Creek and Sabang Ilaud (see table 2.4). These main drainage canals are connected to secondary drainage canals, which are in turn connected to the farm drainage canals. NIA under the BRBIDP project completed the construction of the secondary drains in 1988. At present after the walkthrough in the 8 sub-areas of the system, namely Division A, Division B, Bombon-Quipayo, Limbuan, Bombon-Habagatan, Centro-Magarao, Franc-Bel-Casuray and Canaman-Magarao, it was determined that the total length of drainage ditches for construction/rehabilitation in the area is 70.66 kilometers covering the drainable area of 2,784 hectares of riceland. About 59.13 kilometers of drainage ditches is for desilting while 10.13 kilometers is proposed for construction. Also identified were several sites that need the following new drainage structures: Agricultural Ecozone. * The service areas of the THIRIS project covers of 3,542 hectares and tilled by 3,765 farmers. Average farm size is 0.94 hectare. Only paddy rice is grown in the project (dry season and wet season). The present service area in the municipalities of Calabanga, Bombon, Magarao and Canaman is planted to palay. These municipalities are in the 2nd congressional district of Camarines Sur. Out of the 3,542 potential service area, the irrigated area during wet season is 2,785 hectares and 2,787 hectares during dry season. There are nine (9) Irrigators Associations in the system with 3,765 potential farmer members. The actual planted area is about 2,785 hectares and 2787 hectares in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The remaining area (742 ha.) is not served by the project due to salt intrusion (about 205 ha.) at affected fields adjacent to the coastal flood protection works, inadequate canal capacity; and lack of distribution facilities (i.e., no turnouts or tertiary canals The municipality of Magarao which has a share of the service area covering 780 hectares has been identified to contain red clay and ball clay deposits, particularly in the Sta Lucia and Carancong area. The mineral deposit now supports a cottage-level ceramic industry. Built-up Ecozone. The present population is estimated at 33,860 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 6,772; of which 3,765 (56%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 44% are landless. The population density is estimated at 9.56 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 2.32% per annum. Euroestudios S. L. 57 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Calabanga, with its share of 23 barangays, has the most built up areas interspersed with the network of main and lateral canals. In Magarao, the built-up area extends to informal settlements of 183 families along the riverbanks. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Irrigator's Associations - There are a total of 9 lAs in the project; 7 lAs with Type I and 11 contracts. Basically ISF collection is the duty of the lAs as provided for in the Type II contract. ISO personnel, however, are still collecting ISF directly from individual farmers. In the past operations (CY 2002 and CY 2003), the THIRIS lAs did not receive ISF shares because their actual collections efficiency was less than 50%. The bulk of ISF collections were made by THIRIS O&M personnel instead of IA collectors. All 9 [As have entered into Type II contracts with the NIA. Each of the lAs has an average coverage area of about 395 ha comprising about 485 potential farmer-members. So far, only about 43 percent of the farmers has joined the lAs covering their respective farmlands as registered members. The lAs have been provided with trainings on solid waste management hence they are capable to deal with the growing problem of waste diposal. The willingness to assist has been assured by the lAs, however, the policies must be implemented by the local government units. Although a certain amount has been provided by the LGU, this is not sufficient to contain the problem. Capability building on watershed management and awareness building may be needed. DPWH - For flood and salinity intrusion control, DPWH constructed main and secondary levees. About 37 kilometers was constructed from the provincial road at Barangay Ratay to national road at Balongay, after which secondary levee continued up to Magarao Creek. The levee height ranges from 3.5 m above MSL along San Miguel Bay, which is from the national road at Balongay to near the mouth of Inarihan River and 4.5 m above MSL along Inarihan River up to the provincial road at Barangay Ratay. The main drainage canals and protection dikes are proposed for rehabilitation by DPWH and the secondary and farm drainage network by NIA. Magarao Ceramic Producers' Association - the presence of red clay and ball clay deposits has led to the organization of a ceramics producers association. The level of extraction remain to be small to support cottage-level production considering that there is a municipal ordinance prohibiting commercial extraction of the clay deposits Municipal Local Governments - the system falls under the jurisdiction of four adjoining municipalities-Calabanga, Bombon, Magarao and Canauan. Calabanga has the largest service area (1,615 has) spread in 23 barangays. The municipalities have their respective land use plans and zoning ordinances, which govern matters related to land conversion. The major support services to farmers in the service area include extension services and credit facilities. The Municipal Agricultural Officer (MAO) of the local government unit (LGU) provides extension services through technology transfer and information dissemination related to agriculture such as integrated pest management C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Saline intrusion - Due to low elevation, averaging about 1.3m above MSL, and proximity to the San Miguel Bay, THIRIS is affected by tidal fluctuation. High water stage varies from 0.46m to 1.43m above MSL and low water stage varies from -0.10m to -1.13m MSL over the year for neap and spring tide, respectively. About 920 hectares of arable land have been Euroestudios S. L. 58 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) affected with salinity (tidal surface flows) because control structures in the shore levees are non-functional.. One recent MAO reports indicated about 400 has in the study area is affected by saline water intrusion. Of these, 205 has in the THIRIS service area are affected i.e. Calabanga - 100 hectares, Bombon - 20 hectares, Magarao - 35 hectares and Canaman - 50 hectares Siltation and flooding -There is a major lack of preventative maintenance and desilting of canals, especially at the tailed of laterals, which are supposed to be the responsibility of lAs. The drainage network is not sufficient in many areas of the project due either to farmers reclaiming the drains or damage from frequent floods in the lower basin. Unlined farm ditches (tertiary canals) have major difficulties in delivering water to outlying paddy fields, which is exacerbated by the poor drainage and frequent flooding in the lower areas of the project. A significant number of turnout gates have been removed or poorly maintained. Service area roads along the lateral canals are largely impassable by vehicles, which impedes maintenance activities. Flooding in low lying areas are being experienced particularly in Limbuan, Division A and B laterals where worst flooding occur. Flooding is due partly to siltation of canals rendering water run off to overflow. Weak farmers participation - the inability of the lAs to formally enlist .the formal membership of other farmers indicates a poor participation index coupled a low level of collection efficiency Squatting/informal settlements experienced in some parts within the system particularly on areas beside irrigation canals and highways. In Division A and Division B, almost one (1) kilometer stretch, respectively has been occupied by informal settlers. This situation has serious implications on solid waste management since debris and other forms of wastes are * being dumped into the canal. Solid waste disposal. The canals are being used for waste disposal. This is often magnified with the presence of informal settlements beside the irrigation canals. Weak environmental capacity. Although the lAs and the LGUs have been provided with strengthening activities on solid waste management, there is a need to build the capacity of the stakeholders in environmental management. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Better yields from improved canal distribution - the proposed project interventions will likely restore and improve production levels when canals are desilted and linings restored Risk of washouts from dredged silt in squatter areas - the presence of informal settlers near canal embankments may pose risks when silt is not hauled to safe, neutral areas. Determination of alternative land uses for the saline-affected areas - Given its special sensitivity , affected farmers will be given the opportunity to take part in the diagnosis and design of alternative land uses for the saline affected area Improved environmental management capacity - lAs, NIA system staff and LGUs stand to benefit from the capacity building support in the area of integrated water resources management, and other environmental management system concerns Improved farm to market access - Resurfacing of 49.755 kilometers of service road and 2.130 kilometers access road and upgrading/improvement of road structures Euroestudios S. L. 59 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Strengthened participation of lAs in local water governance - the project is designed to introduce technologies, systems and best practices for participation, particularly in the arena of intra and inter group mobilization to improve local water governance Strengthened awareness of lAs and barangays on ISWM - with solid waste disposal a recurring concern, the project will highlight activities that will build , strengthen and develop good practices at the household and community levels. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES Solid Waste Management - to address the recurring issue of solid waste disposal, the Municipality of Magarao has organized a municipal solid waste management board. The SWMB meets regularly and has adopted and is implementing a 10 year solid waste management plan. High adoption by farmers of IPM technology resulting to less dependence on the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Proactive measures to preserve the remaining watershed of the Tigman, Hinagyanan and Inarihan Rivers need to be instituted with NIA and the lAs facilitating dialogue and joint planning with local government s and nation government agencies to insure that the protection of the watersheds are given attention. NIA will have to broker an inter-LGU strategic and integrated watershed resources management alliance to plan and implement cross cutting forest protection, river management, water management and solid waste management interventions. Training and cliniquing on environmental management to increase local capacities to protect the watershed supporting the system Conduct of gender sensitivity trainings to ensure that women will be given the space to participate in IA activities particularly in the promotion of environmental sanitation. Irrigation infrastructure needs to be designed to ensure that localized erosion, like gully formation, does not occur. Construction activities generally expose soil to erosion. Following the completion of construction work, vegetation should be established around structures so that bare soil is not exposed to erosive forces. Dredged silt will be collected and hauled immediately to designated filling sites to minimize possibility of erosion during heavy rains Euroestudios S. L. 60 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) UPPER CHICO RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (UCRIS) (TABUK, KALINGA APAYAO) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: UCRIS Office, Bulanao, Tabuk, Kalinga Date: 7 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Engr. John S. Socalo Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Arsenio G. Saliva NIA 3. Mr. Valerio S. Soto NIA 4. Mr. Dale Gawigawen IA 5. Mr. Reyes Atiwag IA 6. Mr. Alfredo Tombali Jr. IA / LGU-DILG 7. Mr. Michael Lumasi IA 8. Mr. larry Dawa IA 9. Mr. Nelson Danulas IA / LGU 10. Mr. Elisio Satduen IA 11. Mr. Robert G. Oiya-on IA / LGU 12. Mr. A. de Guzman Jr. NIA 13. Mr. Evaristo A. Aguiao NIA-CAR 14. Mr. Lorenzo D. Alwiyao IA 15. Mr. Santos G. Aloba LGU 16. Ms. Rufina C. Alegre LGU 17. Ms. Glory Viterio Bgy. Captain 18. Mr. Richard L. Lemi NIA 19. Mr. Lolito Trinidad NIA 20. Mr. Alexander D. Alere IA / LGU 21. Mr. Avelino B. Petang NIA 22. Mr. Arsenio Encag IA 23. Mr. William A. Alyang NIA 24. Mr. Gorgenio Oliviano NIA 25. Mr. Vicente Dulagan NIA 26. Mr. Vicente Gungomo NIA-KPIMO 27. Mr. Joseph Paceng NIA 28. Mr. Johnny Baluyan IA 29. Mr. Andrew Manang IA 30. Mr. Raymundo Apil NIA 31. Mr. Lester Tonete LGU 32. Mr. Digir-id Tunog IA 33. Mr. Pedro L. Yu-ing LGU / NGO 34. Ms. Celia A. Arugay NIA 35. Ms. Editha A. Backong Bgy. Captain 36. Mr. Rodolfo S. Duyan NIA 37. Mr. Fred Compos IA 38. Mr. Alex Apil NIA 39. Mr. EmilaoGayyad NIA 40. Mr. Romulo Pascua NIA 41. Mr. Travis Gawigawen NIA- CAR 42. Mr. Gardy Bayanga NIA Euroestudios S. L. 61 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) I. PROJECT SETTING is The Upper Chico River Irrigation System center is located in Bulanao, Tabuk, Kalinga. It is about 510 kilometers northeast of Manila and is accessible by land transportation with excellent road networks through the Manila-Tuguegarao National Highway. The project is likewise accessible through domestic airports located in the cities of Cauayan, Isabela and Tuguegarao, Cagayan. The system was originally constructed in 1983 and completed in 1986 and covers the municipalities of Pinukpuk and Tabuk in Kalinga, Quezon and Mallig in Isabela encompassing a total of 45 barangays with around 9,633 farmer-beneficiaries. The average actual irrigated area of the system since its completion was 10,244 and 10,187 hectares for wet and dry seasons, respectively. The system has a total service area of 15,258 hectares. The irrigation system draws its water from the Chico River at barangay Ngipen, Tabuk, Kalinga through an ogee type diversion dam and intake farmlands. The irrigation system is still functional while some of its facilities are noted to be deteriorating. Drilling was undertaken along the main canal in the previous years especially at the heavy fill portions to monitor its status and it is noted that this canal embankment is unstable. The system experienced major canal washout at heavy fill portion in the past years. It is also noted that heavy vegetation characterized by the growing of tall grasses along inside slope of canal are present in most of the conveyance canals retarding the smooth flow of irrigation water causing delays in reaching the downstream portion. Lack of manpower and equipment caused the non-maintenance of * these major canals. Most canal structures are still operational but some are damaged and others are prone to failure and might cause the system to stop operating. Outlet of these structures are scoured that may cause damage to its banks. The canal siphon conduit that crosses the Chico River is already exposed and is prone to damage when its bottom will be scoured by turbulent flow of the river during flood. Gates of headgates and other regulating structures are already damaged and most of them are already non-operational thereby causing unregulated flow of irrigation water to lateral canals and turnout service areas. Parshall Flumes are constructed during the project at every headwork of each conveyance canals for use of the system to monitor irrigation water that discharges at every canal. Most of these structures are still operational while some are not being utilized for discharge measurement due to damages incurred. All of the control gates of turnout structures are damaged thereby discharges to turnouts are not regulated that causes excessive wastage of water. Most of the turnout conduits are oversized as compared to the service area. It is noted that during construction of the project, turnouts are designed as standard structure for specific area based on topographic consideration. However, area served now is very different against designed area. The opening of these existing turnouts must be modified to suit to the requirements of the actual service area in accordance with the level of acceptability by farmers. Presence of unauthorized turnouts in the system causes unregulated irrigation water distribution. Most of these unauthorized turnouts are due to the removal of the main farm ditches by undisciplined farmers that should have conveyed water to the farms. Proper distribution could not be implemented efficiently at the tertiary level due to the * proliferation of unauthorized turnouts. Euroestudios S. L. 62 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) In addition to institutional development activities and equipment procurement, the proposed physical improvement works of the system under PIDP includes the ff: 1. Repair of spillway wearing surface, construction of downstream protection blocks and construction of footbridge. 2. Rehabilitation of main canal. laterals and sub-laterals. 3. Rehabilitation of canal structures and construction of new canal structures. 4. Rehabilitation of service roads and link roads. 5. Improvement of drainage system. 6. Installation of measuring devices and Long Crested Weir. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The Province of Kalinga is recognized as an IP Province and this side of the system is covered by a Certificate of Ancestral Domain claim (CADC). The NCIP qualifies however, that the system itself and its service areas area not covered by an existing claim. This cuts across all eco-zones in this part of the system. Forest Ecozone - the system is defined by the Chico River watershed which extends deep into the Cordilleras in the Mountain Province side. The forests traditionally provided the hunting-gathering Kalinga tribes with their subsistence requirements. Contemporary Kalingas are also engaged in Swidden-farming, which has reduced the forest cover of the Chico River. -- , Riverine Ecozone -The Upper Chico River Irrigation System derives its irrigation water from Chico River through an ogee type diversion dam and intake located at barangay Ngipen, Tabuk, Kalinga. Water that can be diverted into the intake is sufficient to irrigate the service area. Chico River which is the main source of the system has a drainage area of 19,930 square kilometers. The mean annual discharge at the dam site is estimated to 893.35 cubic meters per second and its headwater is mainly located in the province of Kalinga. Euroestudios S. L. 63 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) ~- - Agricultural Ecozone- The project area consists of croplands devoted solely to irrigated and rainfed paddy rice production. There are 6,21 1 farm operators farming a total land area of 15,258 hectares. With a total irrigable area of 15,258 hectares, the present farm operators have varying farm sizes with an average of 2.45 hectares. About 57.55% of the total farmers have farm sizes up to 1.0 hectare occupying about 35.25% of the farm area. The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectares and above constitute about 2.34% of the total area. The construction of the irrigation system in 1973 has attracted legions of rice farming families from the IP areas such as Tinglayan, Lubuagan, Balbalan, Pasil, Pinukpuk, including from non-Kalinga tribes in Mt Province. The system is divided into two major sections, the upstream Kalinga section and the downstream Quezon area in Isabela Province, which commands a bigger slice of the system's service area Built-up Ecozone The present population across the built up areas is estimated at 67,614 with an average family size of 6 members. The total number of farm households is about 11,269; of which 6,211(55%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 45% are landless. The population density is estimated at 4.43 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 4.56% per annum. Euroestudios S. L. 64 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS b.1. Kalinga Bodong Council/Congress- the bodong (peace pact) is a culturally important indigenous institution is a culturally important indigenous institution in the promotion of peace and harmony in the oftentimes volatile intertribal relations in the Kalinga side of the system. The Bodong forges the pagta (tribal agreement) which is both an oral and written instrument which binds the tribes to a mutual understanding encumbered with penalities should violations be committed, b.2. Kalinga Tribes (Sub-tribes) - The sub-tribes of the Kalingas represent distinct water user groups, which influence water rights and relations within the system. Tribal conflicts have been part of the local history in the entire Kalingas which include issues related to water distribution in communal area. There were concerns that tribal conflicts that occasionally take place in the ancestral area can potentially spill over the service area, Reasonably, the conflicts can take their own dynamics and can be potentially disruptive unless anticipatory measures are put in place utilizing customary practices and institutions of conflict resolution such as the Bodong. Fortunately, The NIA irrigation system however, has provided the milieu where the different tribes are able to relate within the formal organization of lAs, with its own set of rules. With the canal serving as a connector, the conflicts associated with communal water sources upstream are effectively extinguished in the NIA system. The codification of the Bodong and the active role of the Kalinga Bodong Congress has enabled the tribes to live in relative peace within the framework of the Covenant. There are three indigenous sub-tribes of the Kalingas, with a majority representation in the system namely, the Sumadels, Butbut and Tulgao, although there is a host of other sub-tribes scattered in the service areas. The elders confirm that they were drawn to settle and farm in Tabuk, because of the operation of the Irrigation system. The introduction of modern irrigation has also helped eradicate the dreaded malaria disease over the years. The presence of the sub-tribes could be an extension of the Kalinga CADC (#30) in Tanudan, S covering 40,782 hectares. There are spillover areas in the adjoining town of Tabuk, where the system is located. There are two other CADCs granted to the Kalingas and these belong to the sub-tribes in Balbalan ( CADC 116= 56,030 Euroestudios S. L. 65 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) has) and Tinglayan (CADC # 128 =22,975 has). The National Commission of Indigenous Peoples Office In Kalinga certified that the system is not covered by any existing CADT. There are specific cases, where turn-out service associations are dominated by a single sub-tribe. For instance, there are three TSAs in the Main Diversion Canal, dominated by the Lubuagans and two TSAs by the Tinglayans. The social structure and relations of the Kalingas can sometimes confuse the interested observer. The Kalingas, represent an ethnolinguistic group, which are considered to be the Indigenous Peoples of the Province of Kalinga. As an ethnic group, it is made up of subdivisions of 53 different ub-tribes, which include among the Botbots, Tulgaos, Sumadels, Taloctocs and Lubuagans. There are three CADCs that have already been issued and these cover the claims of these three sub-tribes. The Lubuagan CADT still has to be delineated and issued. The popular nomenclature of sub-groups has been associated with the towns or the barangays where they traditionally come from. For instance, there are TSAs where specific groups are variously identified as Pangol, Balbalan, Pasil, Mangali, Calaccad, Naneng, Dananao, Tanglag, Tubog, Taloctoc and Suyang. Anthropologically, these barangay and town tribes belong to ethnographically correct tribal associations. Except for at least 5 turn-outs which are exclusively composed of two sub-tribes, all the other TSAs in nine IA groups are composed of mixed associations of Kalinga Tribes, Igorots, tribes from the Mt. Province ( Bontocs, Bago, Sadangga) and llocanos. The issue of indigenous peoples, deserves closer examination, because the areas in question (service areas) are indeed inhabited by IPs, but are not part of the declared IP ancestral domain. The different sub-tribes in UCRIS, are part of the Kalinga ancestral domain, but the service areas they are occupying are at the moment has not been certified as part of the ancestral domain.. b.3 Barangay Local Government -. They play the essential role of conflict mediation and resolution on matters related to land and water distribution disputes. Some of the Barangays covering the system are led by women leaders, which is culturally an accepted norm among the Kalingas. Interestingly, the barangays are oftentimes led by tribal leaders, some of whom are IA leaders as well. b.4 Irrigator's Association - there are originally 30 irrigators association (grouped based on turn-outs) with a current strength of 6,680 members. These were however consolidated into 9 lAs. At least 10% of the members are women. The lAs are composed of different ethnolignuistic groups. Linked with the Ilocanos (Laud Carayan IA), the Igorots and Sadanga (Mactan IA) (Pagbiagan, Bulanao Appas, Bulo West lAs)are sub-tribes of the Kalingas, namely the Sumadels ( Mataguan and Sosukaguma lAs); butbut (Apagsingsing IA) ; and Tulgao (Catao-Namambaran), Lubuagans, Taluctocs, etc The lAs have expressed interest in the implementation of the Irrigation Management Transfer. However, they have also expressed reservations over their current capacity to assume shared management responsibility especially with the prospect of the rationalization plan. At present, NIA-UCRIS operates under 40% of the approved plantilla. This will still be trimmed down, following the implementation of the NIA rationalization plan. Euroestudios S. L. 66 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) The lAs have never been provided with previous trainings on environment nor they possess the necessary technical background. The lAs have intimated the need for capability building on environment in order for them to contribute in addressing related problems. Watershed management training and solid waste management training imay be provided. b.5 Municipal Local Government (Tabuk; Kalinga/Quezon, Isabela) - the system falls under the administrative jurisdiction of two Provinces, the upstream Province of Kalinga, which hosts the watershed and the intake dam and the downstream Province of Isabela. The latter is engaged through a tripartite agreement with the Municipal government of Quezon. At present, the lAs of the Kalinga section are working on engaging the Barangay LGUs into similar tripartite agreements, outlining areas of institutional cooperation. b.6. National Commission on Indigenous People - the agency has a strong mandate in the area considering that the entire province of Kalinga is acknowledged as an ancestral domain for the Kalinga Tribes. There are 53 ancestral domains over which the agency requires free and prior informed consent (FPIC),as a condition for any proposed development project in the area. The consent is based on the consensus of the council of elders to which decisions are entrusted by a particular tribe. However, only three CADCs have so far been issued, the Tanudan, Tinglayan and Balbalan CADCs, which have yet to be converted fully into ancestral titles. O C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Open dumping of solid and animal wastes - the proximity of settlements near the main canal and lateral canals in the built-up areas of Bulanao is linked to recurring cases of solid waste disposal. Piggery wastes also compound the problem of organic loading in the system. The lAs in coordination with Barangay officials are continuously monitoring conditions in the canal system. The IA policy on canal protection in the Mapaoay-Balong section is being strictly enforced. Scouring of canals due to wallowing carabaos - the unmitigated practice of allowing carabaos to wallow inside the canals have led to accelerate scouring and erosion of lateral canals. The lAs have existing policies to regulate this practice but the level of discipline varies in different lateral canals. Informal settlements - A 141 household colony of informal settlers are found distributed along the one-hectare stretch of the canal easement. The squatters have PVC hoses tapping into the canal system for domestic use. 99 of the families identified to have settled in 1993 within the easement come from the Lubuagan tribe. The other remaining families are represented by some Taloctocs and Sumadels, with the rest represented by non-Kalinga groups such as the Ilocanos. Land conversion - farm ditiches and natural waterways have been turned to rice paddies. On the other hand, irrigated lands along the highway section have given way to mixed residential and commercial uses. Some 1,000 hectares municipal land have been reclassified to residential and commercial uses through a municipal zoning ordinance. Euroestudios S. L. 67 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Siltation - the entire canal section and natural waterways are heavily limited, reducing the capacity of the canals to absorb run-off. During the wet season, some 676 hectares are * immediately affected Damaged Protection Structures - the washed out protection dikes have led to the scouring of river banks which threaten to affect some 700 hectares of ricelands. This structures are not within the system and the jurisdiction falls on the DPWH.There has been no major flooding yet that has occurred on account of the damaged section of the river protection structure. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Desilting of canals and deposition of silt on canal embankment in the Bulanao section may pose risk to the colony of informal settlers. With the steep slope of the embankment, dredged silt can easily wash down on the settlements Canal clean-up is likely to improve water quality conditions for bathing and domestic use. There are no longer any existing cases of Malaria in Tabuk. The residents attribute the eradication of Malaria to the construction of the irrigation system. Introduction of a long crested weir to keep canal water level more or less constant and Reflogle Flume at each supply canal to enable accurate measurement of discharge is seen as a solution to effect equity and reliability in water distribution. River control structures, repair of canal linings raised embankments will reduce the threat of flooding and siltation. * Improved drainage system and reduction of flooding resulting from desiliting and widening of canals and waterways. Improved environmental management capacity if lAs, UCRIS personnel and LGUs to deal with integrated water resources management concerns. Strengthened capability of water-user groups, through organizational development interventions of lAs using the Kalingaa Bodong as the cultural platform. The lAs, tribes and the NIA should forge a consensus on which informal turnouts to authorize and which to close for good water control. Dam spillway used as river crossing by four barangays. It is also noted that the spillway portion of the dam is being utilized by local residents in the area to cross the Chico River that they open the sluice gate during high flood levels in order for them to pass through the ogee. This is due to the absence of bridge that links both banks of the river at the dam site. The opening of the sluice gates during flood levels decreases the discharge of irrigation water at the diversion intake causing delays in its delivery to the farms. The non- coverage of the Kalinga CADT over the Tabuk side of the system may not require free and prior informed consent from the tribal council. However, a covenant among the tribes will have to be forged based on intertribal agreements as most of the turn-outs are managed by lAs with different sub- tribal associations. The tribes, lAs, NIA with the facilitation of the Provincial and municipal LGUs should reach an accord or agreement to govern water distribution, use and monitoring of compliance. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES Euroestudios S. L. 68 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Hyrbridization and IPM intensification - Kalinga has a legitimate claim as the hybrid capital of the Philippines, with a 99% hybridization rate since 2004. The subsidized price of * hybrid seeds (50%) has enabled a critical mass of farmers to engage in hybrid production. The average yield is placed at 140-150 cavans per hectare. The highest yield claimed is 230 cavans in a little over half a hectare of riceland. The use of pesticides has gone down dramatically over the years, with the intensification of IPM training of farmers and the multiplier effect of early gains achieved by IPM-engaged farmers. Pesticide use has gone down to at least a single application per cropping, In some exceptional cases spraying has been eliminated by some farmers except for the application of moluscicide. Intensification of Organic Fertilizer Use - The spread of IPM has extended to innovations in soil management. There is now a growing trend of organic fertilizer use. On the average, farmers now use 8 bags of organic fertilizer per hectare, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers to 2 bags per hectare. Asset Building by IA (Quezon section) with LGU support - the downstream lAs in the Quezon section were able to acquire a buckhoe machine from the proceeds of their Type II contracts. The amount raised was matched by the local government of Quezon enabling the IA to acquire the equipment The Kalinga Bodong - A culturally unique institution among the Isnegs has proven to be effective in resolving disputes and achieving reconciliation among sub-tribes. The Bodong's Pagta (agreement) is only built when a firm consensus is built among the tribal parties. III. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES * Analyze and document the magnitude and extent of domestic water use of irrigation water and its implications to human health Develop an enforceable buffer zone management plan for grazing animals Communicate public safety measures for the use of the Spillway as route for human crossings Design and apply construction methods that will ensure that slopes are protected within the fill area, so that settlements will be protected from the risks of soil erosion. Implement the planting of suitable bamboo species or endemically available hedge species, such as iatropha carcass ( Tubang Bakod) which is a known source of phytoleum (bioddiesel) for slope stabization in the main canals, particularly in the Bulanao area, where canal soils are believed to be saturated with water Tap the IA Bodong holders in facilitating dialogue with informal settlers, particularly those who belong to the IP groups such as the Lubuagan. Euroestudios S. L. 69 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Table 1. LIST OF FARMERS TRIBE/ETHNIC GROUP UPPER CHICO RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT No. Farmer's Tribe /Ethnic Group 1 Bago 2 Balbalan 3 Bangad 4 Basao 5 Bontoc 6 Botbot 7 Calaccad 8 Dacalan 10 Dananao 11 lgorot 12 llocano 13 Lubo 14 Lubuagan 15 Mangali 16 Naneng 17 Pangol 18 Pasil 19 Sadangga 20 Sumadel 21 Tagalog 22 Taloctoc 23 Tanglag 24 Tanudan 25 Tinglayan Proper Tribe 26 Tubog 27 Tulgao Euroestudios S. L. 70 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) VISITACION RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (STA ANA, CAGAYAN) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: VIS Office, Sta. Ana, Cagayan Date: 6 'h July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Carlito F. Pentecostes Jr. Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Jose S. Satinua IDO 3. Mr. Mario Gragasin Sub. Sec. 4. Mr. Gil M. Sotto BOD 5. Mr. Rolly S. Lorenzo BOD 6. Mr. Maximo Agsa BOD 7. Mr. Pedro P. Gambala BOD 8. Mr. Antonio M. Benigno BOD 9. Mr. Kennedy Calixto BOT 10. Mr. ReyAgresor BOT 11. Mr. Conrado T. Bautista Sr. BOT 12. Mr. Freddie A. Miranda BOT 13. Mr. Benjamin Arreola BOT 14. Mr. Nelson Pebiarron SBM-LGU 15. Mr. Jessie Robinion Collector 16. Mr. Warlito I. Bello Security Guard 17. Mr. Rufino I. Bello 18. Mr. Moy N. Laluan I. PROJECT SETTING The proposed project is located in the municipality of Sta. Ana. It is situated at the northeastern tip of Luzon. Babuyan Sea serves as its boundary on the north and northwest, Tangatan River and Sierra Madre on its eastern border, Sierra Madre Ranges and Diora River on its south and southwestern borders. The project area is connected with the Daang Maharlika at Dugo Junction by a 67 kilometer concrete-paved road and 12 kilometer gravel-surfaced road and is accessible to all types of transport vehicle throughout the year. Sta. Ana is 159 kilometers away from Tuguegarao City and is approximately 12 kilometers away from Port Irene. The project area covers eight (8) barangays namely: Dungeg, Visitacion, Termoy, Kapanikkian, Casagan, Marede, Parada-Batu and Palawig, having a total service area of 1,409 has. The service area is subdivided into four (4) locations: the Cabagsangan- Cabunugan-Visitacion Area, Kapanikkian Area, Dungeg-Termoy Area and the Marede- Parada-Batu-Casagan-Palawig Area. The system intake consists of 3 bays, gated and each bay measuring 2 x 2.5 m. The lifting stem is so slender and needs replacement of bigger diameter steel pipe. The headwork can be reached only by foot so to inspect, one has to walk about 3.5 kilometers from the nearest Euroestudios S. L. 71 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) point in the main canal that can be reached by vehicle. There is no gatekeepers' quarter and no measuring device is installed in the main canal. The length of main canal is 11.308 kilometers while the laterals total to 16.701 kilometers. Farm ditch is about 69 kilometers and the turnout numbers to 32 units. Portion of the main canal and laterals are provided with service roads stretching to about 15.193 kilometers. The service area of the system is 1,409 hectares. It is presently irrigating 738 hectares and 680 hectares during wet and dry seasons, respectively. The proposed PIDP will include interventions on institutional development, procurement of equipment and physical improvement works that will include the following: I. Rehabilitation works on the Palawig River as main source for Visitatcion CIS include the following items: 1. Repair of the intake steel gates and replacing the stems into a bigger diameter. 2. Canals flood protection at Sta. 1+380 to 430 MC 3. Replacement of the drainage culverts into barrel-type drainages at Sta. 1+405 MC and 2+440 MC to avoid desilting on canals during floods. 4. Repair of the scoured Headgate of Lateral A providing canal lining. 5. Canal stabilization and rip-rapping of the washed-out canal at Sta. 3+200 to Sta. 3+300 MC. 6. Repair and gravel metalling of existing service/access road at the whole system. 7. Canal desilting and upgrading * 8. Canal lining/rip-rapping on canal loose on- fill portion 9. Construction of new canal structures 10. Construction of additional turnouts, providing steelgates. 11. construction of drainage canals and structures 12. project facilities 11.A check-gate type diversion dam shall be constructed across the Lamlamiis Creek as supplementary source. The existing non-functional canal network from the proposed intake to the point of convergence of this canal with the Lateral "A" of the Visitacion CIS at Sta. 3+860, shall be repaired and upgraded. The repair/upgrading includes Canal Lining/Rip rapping on loose on-fill portions. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The system is part of the Northeastern Cagayan Protected Area Landscape and Seascape at the northeastern tip of the Sierra Madre mountain range. The system is especially sensitive to forest zone activities such as swidden farming and timber poaching. The remaining forest consists of late secondary growth resulting from logging 25 years ago. Riverine Ecozone Euroestudios S. L. 72 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) The service area is d dissected by the Palawig River which serves also as the main drain.. Erosion and sedimentation have changed riverine properties. Suspended sediments have * raised the bed of the river, and scouring has altered the banks of the river. Agricultural Ecozone With a total irrigable area of 1,409 hectares, the present farm operators have varying farm sizes with an average farm size 2.41 hectares. About 20.85% of the total farmers are concentrated in farm size up to 1.0 hectare occupying about 7.67% of the farm area The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectare and above constitute about 11.04% of the total area. According to tenure status, about 84.44% are full owners operating 89.35% of the total farm area. The rest are share-tenants (15.56%) occupying 149.90 hectares. The distribution of farmers and area by tenure of operation is also presented. For ricelands, the most common sharing ratio for share tenancy is 50:50 net of seeds and harvesting/threshing labor cost. Based on 2005 data, the market values for agricultural lands (non-irrigated/irrigated) range from P17,950 to P71,870 per hectare depending on their location. Approximately 15% of the farmers use hybrid seeds, realizing yields of as high as 260 caverns per hectare Built-up Ecozone The present population of the areas served for Visitacion Irrigation System is estimated at 4,067 with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 814; of which 585 (72%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 28% are landless. The population density is estimated at 2.89 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.25% per annum. Developments in the built-up area are governed by the municipal zoning ordinance as defined in the municipal * land use plan. The development controls for land use are also in concurrence with the prescriptions of the Cagayan Export Zone Authority, which also has exercises administrative control on land use in the area. B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Task Force Bantay Gubat - a multicultural citizen movement organized to protect the Palawig river watershed from illegal logging and other destructive activities in the forest zone Irrigators Association - The irrigators groups is represented through the Dagupan IA, which is divided in three divisions and services 1,373 members. The association is dominated entirely by men .Capacity to undertake environmental measures have been limited. However, they have initiated the formation of local movement against iligal logging in the area. Being assisted and led by NIA, the lAs have responded to address the growing problem of watershed denudation upstream of the system. Additional capability building is needed to make them aware of the various laws and policies on related environmental subject. Municipal local government - the municipality of Sta. Ana Cagayan holds jurisdiction over the entire system service area. It has adopted a comprehensive land use plan in consonance with the desired development control laid down by CEZA. The LGU allocated a 5% budget for Gender and Development, which is earmarked primarily to support RIC activities, which serves as the venue for women participation * Cagayan Export Zone Authority - The CEZA holds regulatory powers over the disposition of both alienable and disposable lands and forest lands in the Sta. Ana area. The CEZA Euroestudios S. L. 73 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2_Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) holds prior rights in assigning land uses and development controls in conjunction with the CLUP of Sta. Ana. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Siltation has rendered drainage canals and waterways inadequate to absorb run-off. Flooding due to silted rivers and narrowed channels, accumulated run-off takes time to drain. Approximately 300 hectares are cyclically flooded, usually during the second cropping when typhoons triggering the southwest monsoon, lash the area from the Pacific Ocean River bank erosion where progressive erosion of river banks have led to displacement of families, while ricefields are affected by the changing water course of the Palawig River. Forest denudation brought about by rampant illegal activities. Weak environmental capacity may need to provide strengthening efforts on the part of the lAs, NIA and LGU staff. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Restoration of 729 hectares and rehabilitation of 880 hectares of service, boosting system palay yields by more than 14 tons per cropping Shift to Organic fertilizers brought about by heightened consciousness of effects of chemical fertilizers on human health and soil quality. This will reduce agrochemical pollution of water bodies and groundwater. Strengthened capacity of lAs, NIA and LGU to jointly undertake environmental management and protection activities E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES IA involved in Task Force Kalikasan, a locally organized multisectoral group facilitated by the IA to protect the Northern Sierra Madre Watershed in Sta. Ana. Some 26 members of lAs have received formal deputation from DENR as forest officers The lAs are able to work closely with the LGU MENRO together with the network of BAFCs and the FARMCs. High adoption of IPM technology in farming. III. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Dredged silt should be collected and hauled immediately to designated filling sites to minimize possibility of erosion during heavy rains Training and cliniquing on environmental management to increase local capacities in protecting the watershed supporting the system Conduct of gender sensitivity trainings to ensure that women will be given the space to participate in IA activities Euroestudios S. L. 74 Social Assessment (SA) Final Report, November 2006 Annex 2-Rapid Appraisal Documentation (PIDP) Irrigation infrastructure needs to be designed to ensure that localized erosion, e.g. gully formation, does not occur. Construction activities generally expose soil to erosion. Following the completion of construction work, vegetation should be established around structures so that bare soil is not exposed to erosive forces. Euroestudios S. L. 75 Field Appraisal Documentation Report Environmental and Social Assessment-PIDP-November 2006 ZINUNDUNGAN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM (ZRIS) (Lasam, Cagayan) Activity: Focus Group Discussion Location: ZRIS Office, Zinundungan Date: 4 th July, 2006 Attendance: Name Position / Designation 1. Mr. Wilfredo B. Dingayan Irrigation Superintendent 2. Mr. Jeremy A. Garan Municipal Administrator 3. Mr. George F. Tayaban BOD 4. Mr. David Cabutave BOD 5. Mr. Ernesto Umbrero BOD 6. Mr. Alessandro M. Terpate BOD 7. Mr. Baltazar G. Guchral BOD 8. Mr. Felimon T. Daquioag Jr. BOD 9. Mr. Rolly P. Aragones Sr. BOD 10. Mr. Romeo B. Valiente BOD 11. Mr. Mel Mogaddanes BOD 12. Mr. Calixto P. Salva BOD * 13. Ms. NiesalieC. Reyes IDO 14. Ms. Carmelita G. Ancheta IA Treasurer 15. Mr. Robert Ageus Water master 16. Ms. Milagros M. Pacis NIA Staff 17. Mr. Benjamin N. Rivera NIA Staff 18. Mr. Liborio R. Morales NIA Staff 19. Mr. Larry U. Salvador NIA Staff 20. Mr. Francisco E. Caypuno Jr. NIA Staff I. PROJECT SETTING Zinundungan River Irrigation System (ZRIS) is located in Lasam, Cagayan approximately 590 kms. North of Manila. It can be reached Manila along Cagayan Valley Road (Maharlika Highway). The project area covers the following barangays of Lasam, Cagayan; Centro 1, 2, and 3, Aggunetan, Allanay, Battalan, Cabatacan East, Callao Notre and Sur, Catalinagan, Finugo Norte, Gabun, Iganacio B. Jurado, Nabannagan East and West, New Orlins, Nicolas Agatep, San Pedro and Tucalan. It is bounded in the North by the municipality of Allacapan, Cagayan, in the East by Cagayan River, in the South by municipality of Sto. Nifio, Cagayan and in the West by Allig Plains. There are three (3) sources of irrigation water for the system. These are the Zinundungan River, Sicalao Creek and Banurbur Creek. Water is diverted from Zinundungan River and Banurbur Creek through an intake. The latter is just a tertiary intake which is being utilized during dry season. That of Sicalao Creek is through an ogee type dam, usually termed as the pilot intake. This was the first source of irrigation water when the system was just Euroestudios S. L. 76 Field Appraisal Documentation Report Environmental and Social Assessment-PIDP-November 2006 partially operational. The diversion points are located at Tulong, Lasam, Cagayan, and Sicalao, Lasam, Cagayan with coordinates 180 00' 48" latitude 1210 27' 30" longitude, 18° * 01' 42" latitude 1210 27' 23" longitude for Zinundungan River, Sicalao and Banurbur Creek, respectively. The ZRIS maintain at present a service area of 2,045 hectares. The physical facilities within the system as shown in Annex A Fig A.2 are as follows: 1. Main Canal - 27.027 kms. 2. Laterals - 15.994 kms. 3. Service Roads - 34.740 kms. 4. Access Roads - 0.730 kms. 5. Main Farm Ditch - 14.500 kms. 6. Supplementary Farm Ditch- 6.081 kms. 7. Canal Structures - 131 Units 8. Drainage Structures - 16 Units 9. Turn outs - 62 Units PIDP interventions will include institutional development activities, procurement of equipment and physical rehabilitation works that include diversion works, project facilities improvement, canalization works, canal structures, improvement of road system and irrigation modernization structures. II. CURRENT REALITY ASSESSMENT A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Forest Ecozone The system is heavily influenced by the Zinundugan river watershed in the northwestern part of the Sierra Madre . The sub-watershed covers 156.68 hectares and its conditions continue to deteriorate because of swidden practices and timber poaching. The forests of Lasam have experienced years of commercial logging until it was stopped by the DENR and declared part of the protected landscape. Migrant Igorots engage in swidden farming alongside with the native Agtas Riverine Ecozone The main source of irrigation water for the system is the Zinundungan River, a tributary of the Cagayan River. The river emanates from the Cordillera Mountain Ranges from the municipality of Rizal, Cagayan. It is also the major body of water that traverse the length and the breadth of the municipality of Lasam, Cagayan. The diversion site is located in Tulong, Lasam, Cagayan and has a drainage area of 157.78 sq. kms. The secondary source of irrigation water for the system is the Sicalao Creek. It is a live creek which is a tributary of Zinundungan River located at Barangay Sicalao, Lasam, Cagayan. An untapped source of irrigation water is the Banurbur Creek, located at about 1.44 kms. from the main intake at Sitio Tulong, Sicalao, Lasam. This is also another tributary of the * Zinundungan River. Euroestudios S. L. 77 Field Appraisal Documentation Report Environmental and Social Assessment-PIDP-November 2006 The Pinsel creek with its waterfalls including the intake site draw local tourists and are regarded for their nature tourism potentials Agricultural Ecozone The municipality of Lasam has a total land area of 23,400 hectares. Out of this, 6,000 hectares are classified as agricultural lands, 70% of this, is cultivated to rice . The Zinundungan River Irrigation System has a total potential service area of 3,200 hectares. At present, the service area of ZRIS is 2,045 hectares. Around 1,665 hectares and 1,591 hectares are irrigated during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. Built-up Ecozone The system cuts through a built up area consisting of 19 barangays with a total population of 24,119 (NSO, 2000). The low-lying barangays in the town center register the highest population. The restoration areas of the system are located in sparsely populated barangays. 95% of the barangays have been energized B. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Municipal Local Government - The major support services to farmers in the service area include extension services and credit facilities. The Municipal Agricultural Officer (MAO) of the local government unit (LGU) provides extension services through technology transfer and information dissemination related to agriculture such as rice varietals performance, fertility and pest/disease control. A MENRO has been designated to plan and oversee environmental management concerns such as solid waste management and watershed * protection Cagayan Provincial Government - the PLGU is investing on a water-impounding (rain water collection) project at Agnetan creek in order to irrigate 70 hectares in barangay Peru. Irrigators' Associations - The system serves six irrigator associations with a standing membership of 1,610 farmers. The collection efficiency is placed at 73%, with upstream lAs registering higher collections, due primarily to their accessibility to water supply for cropping. Women represent a small minority (1%) of the total membership. Although, this may appear insignificant, an exceptional case involves a woman farmer with 21 hectares of cultivated rice land. Interestingly, women take on proxy roles in IA meetings. The lAs are organized into a federation and are represented in the Municipal Development Council where their proposals, including currently, farm to market roads are being deliberated. The IA leaders expressed their need for refresher trainings on various aspects of system management including environmental management and a new menu for capability building is desired. C. OUTSTANDING AND RECURRING ISSUES Flooding/siltation - The backflow stemming from the confluence of the Cagayan and Zinundungan rivers at Minanga and Finugo Norte submerge around 500 hectares during peak rain. The system has likewise experienced flooding triggered by the artificial damming in the damaged bridge structure erected by the Military. During unusually strong rains and typhoons, the low lying areas at Matarin, Tucalan, Duldugan, and Galuan Creeks are usually flooded. This is because these creeks are not only silted and full of vegetation but also there are "tariks" or structures constructed across the said creeks for purpose of catching fish, in addition to the impounding dikes constructed by the farmers. In the Galuan creek, particularly, farmers are putting illegal checks and when the water level rises, the checks are not removed Euroestudios S. L. 78 Field Appraisal Documentation Report Environmental and Social Assessment-PIDP-November 2006 Low supply of irrigation water - The low irrigated cropping intensity of 159 per cent can be attributed to poor irrigation performance. The performance of the system is constrained by * the following factors by a general deterioration of irrigation facilities. This is compounded by Illegal turnouts along supply canals put-up by farmer tillers affect the water supply specifically at downstream portions. The capacity of the system is likewise limited by heavily silted drainage channels and creeks within the service area as well as all supply canals and the weak system of cooperation among farmers in implementing the proper water distribution and maintenance activities. More efforts should be exerted by NIA and the lAs to compel the farmers in adhering to the agreed Cropping Pattern and Calendar. Information and encouragement on the use of Effective Rainfall must be pursued to save irrigation water and be able to service bigger area. Weak environmental capacity - Both the System personnel and lAs concede that they have no capacity to understand and deal with environmental issues . The lack of formal trainings has limited the ability of the system leaders to communicate environmental issues and solutions to various stakeholders. D. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Reduced incidence of siltation, flooding and submergence of the service area with the clearing and desilting of the Matarin, Tucalan, Duldugan and Galuan Creeks and removal of the "tariks" or structures constructed across the said creeks for purpose of catching fish will also alleviate the situation. The construction of a spur dike and rechanneling upstream of the intake is expected to restore and maintain the direction of the river supplying the intake * Under the PIDP, the program goal is to institutionalize all the farmers in the service area to become members of the lAs which would later be federated into one umbrella organization or federation. The lAs would be equipped with adequate knowledge on the operation and maintenance scheme of the system; basic leadership and other types of trainings to enhance their capabilities in the performance of their assumed responsibilities under the irrigation management transfer (IMT) contract. E. GALLERY OF GOOD PRACTICES Improved Farming Systems - The system lay claim to supporting the second biggest rice producing area in the district of Cagayan. the advocacy and training of farmers on IPM has paid good dividends with pesticide application down to one spraying per cropping. The use of hybrids has reached 30% , with nearly 500 hectares of production area. The application of IPM, adoption of hybrids is complemented with the use of organic fertilizers at the rate of 8 bags per hectare. The agricultural productivity is also linked with the high level of farm mechanization. Ill. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES Undertake clearing of canals as part of the overall maintenance plan Strengthening and capability building of lAs, LGUs and NIA on environmental management. Active measures to preserve the remaining watershed of the Zinundungan River must be * instituted through the local governments, as part of its public good mandate to insure that the base flow of the river will not decrease during dry season and no destructive flash floods will occur during wet season. Euroestudios S. L. 79 (4NIA dl 1,500 masl * 2. Slope and Topography of the Area The canal system traverses (within 50 meter radius from the service area which have center of site) generally flat terrain - Terrain is flat (0-3 % slope) v - Gently sloping to Undulating (3-8 % slope) -Undulating to rolling 8-18% slope) - Rolling to moderately Steep (18- 30% slope) - Steeply rolling(30-50%slope) - Very steep to Mountainous (<50% slope) 3.Are there areas in the site v There are no major erosion where there are possible hazards although some occurrence of soil erosion? lateral sections are occasionally scoured 4. Has the area experienced any The system was severely flooding during the wet season affected by the heavy or typhoons? if yes, when was floods that struck Infanta in the last time the area was 2004 flooded? What caused the * flooding? 5. Soil type of the area: Soil distribution in 34,276 hectare municipal coverage Euroestudios S.L. 6 SA Report, November 2006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks { } sandy soil showed five (5) different { } rocky adobe types: Hydrosol, Quinggua { } clay soil silt loam, Buguey loamy { # } sandy loam soil sand, antipolo sandy clay, and undifferentiated mountain soils. By hectarage, undifferentiated mountain soils occupy 39% or 13,367 hectares followed by Antipolo sandy clay and hydrosol with 24% (8,226 hectares) and 17% (5,826.92 hectares), respectively 6. Are there existing water bodies The project is linked to the within 1.5 km. of the proposed Agos River as source and rehabilitation site e.g. creeks or drains into seven (7) major streams? creeks inside the system, namely: Clara, Balukanag, Kuago, Taong, Kapanan, Lagapac and Anibong. 7. What are the present uses of The Agos river is currently the water bodies within or near tapped for various purposes the project site other than irrigation. It is {/ } bathing also the source of quarry {/} washing materials for local { /} fishing construction needs { } source of drinking water { } recreation (swimming, boating, etc.) {/ } others: quarry 8. Is there an access road going There is a network of to the project site? service roads which are alternately used as barangay roads by residents 9. What is the existing land use of The proposed system the area where the proposed rehab currently serves, 1,435 will be undertaken? hectares of prime agricultural lands - Prime agricultural land (productive/ irrigated) - Prime agricultural land (idle/abandoned) - Grassland - Built-up(abandoned) - Orchard l - Marsh/Mangrove/Swamp - Fishpond Others, pls. Specify Euroestudios S.L. 7 SA Report, November 2006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 10. Does the site conform with the The site conforms with the approved land use plan of the CLUP of Infanta municipality? 11. Indicate the present land-use Mostly agricultural lands, within: interspersed with pockets 50 meter radius of farm settlements 100 meter radius 200 meter radius 12. Are there existing structures or Some sections of the developments around the project system are bounded by site? if yes, please list them in the low to medium density opposite space clusters of residential structures 3.2 Biological Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing trees and other The canal structures do not have types of vegetation in the site? if yes, v trees as vegetation, instead please provide examples rudelian species provide cover on earthen embankments 2. Are there birds and other forms of At the time of observation, there wildlife found in the area? Please v were no avian species and other provide examples. wildlife found, although there is reason to believe that the rice paddies are visited by the Philippine Heron (Kanaway) 3. Are there fishery resources in the The occasional tilapia and mudfish water bodies found near or within can still be found in some sections the site? Please provide of the canal system exam ples. 4. Is the site near or within a The irrigation system is heavily watershed or forest reservation influenced by the Agos river area? If near, how many km. or m. If watershed in General Nakar, within, indicate name of the Province of Quezon watershed or forest reservation area. 5. Is the irrigation project adjacent to a natural ecosystem? The intake is fed by the Agos river system, which is an integral part of - Forest the Agos river watershed. At the - Coastal/ Marine outer extremities of the system is a - Grassland small stretch of Nipa and Mangrove - Mangrove - Agriculture - Lake & River Ecosystem Euroestudios S.L. 8 SA Report, November 2006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP 3.3 Socio-Economic Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing settlements There are a number of in the proposed rehabilitation informal settlers, along the project that would be affected? canal easement, but will not If yes, indicate the number of be dislocated until the local government finds a suitable - Households/Families area for relocation. The - Legitimate Landowners settlers were previously - Tenants displace by 2004 floods. - Squatters Based on 1999 socio- 2. What is the total population of economic profile, Infanta has the barangays where the a total population of 57,000. project will be located? At an annual growth rate of 1.7%, present population is estimated 59,000. 3. Average family size: 5 individuals/family 4. What are their source(s) of Most of the farmers, Livelihood? particularly members of the Irrigators association are - Farming artisanal farms, engaged in - Fishing fishing and carpentry as - Backyard poultry and supplementary sources of piggery income - Vending/buy and sell - Sari-sari store - Factory Employees - Gov't/Private/Non-Gov't Institutions - Dressmaking - Carpentry - Tricycle Operators 5. Are there other existing local The Federation of Irrigators organizations in the area? Associations is an active partner of NIA in the operation and maintenance of the system 6. Are there existing social Since the irrigation system infrastructures/services in the traverses the town proper, barangays covered by the residents have access to project? various government services - Schools and private institutions - Communications - Health centers/clinics - Hospitals - Roads - Others, pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 9 0 SA Report, Novemb 9 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP SECTION 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 4.1 MATRIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Activities Impact Area I Potential Impacts | Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and design Socio- Local employment Positive Significant Short | Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents Economic opportunities generated term B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for site Physical Excavation and Negative Insignificant Short Effective drainage systems and silt traps and sand dev't., and other facilities (site earthmoving will alter term bagging in civil work areas; proper disposal of spoils, clearing, mobilization of topography, disturb soil schedule earthwork activities during dry season; equipment and labor forces, surface, increase erosion immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; excavation, establishment of rates and increase siltation proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from temporary quarters and rates in canals/ rivers. drainage routes; spoils generated from civil works be facilities, earthworks, and disposed as filling materials other civil works) Potential increase in Negative Insignificant Short control flow of sediments from civil work areas by turbidity in surface water term drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps Water quality problems for Negative Insignificant Short Monitor irrigation water quality downstream users term Potential contamination of Negative Insignificant Short Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of surface and groundwater Term oil; set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the with oil and grease and/or construction area and properly dispose the generated from construction and solid wastes; set up proper and adequate toilet facilities; human wastes strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Negative Significant Short Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed concentrations in civil work term soils/ground during dry days; set maximum speed limits areas and access roads to vehicles passing through populated areas; wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Euro0estudios S.L. 10 SA Report, Novemb* 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Area Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in noise levels Negative Insignificant Short use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from term construction equipment, maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area; proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Biological Loss of/damage to Negative Insignificant Long Limit land clearing as much as possible; provide vegetation t temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained; term use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant] plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Negative Insignificant Long Schedule noisy construction activities during day time; wildlife due to noise and term undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use other construction activities mufflers; proper disposal of construction wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular traffic Negative Insignificant Short Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume; Strict Economic and possible congestion term enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Potential conflicts in water Negative Insignificant Short Forge an agreement on water distribution; adherence to distribution for downstream term schedule of water supply users Temporary disruption in Negative Insignificant Short Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when irrigation water supply term water is not needed Increased income due to Positive Significant Short Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring generation of local labor term employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Positive Significant Short Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring term Increase in waste Negative Insignificant Short Proper waste disposal generation term Euroestudios S.L. 11 SA Report, Novemb 9 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Area Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Possible rise in medical Negative Insignificant Short Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by costs due to increase in air, term erosion control; Provide ear plugs and masks to workers water and noise pollution when warranted; Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. C. OPERATION PHASE Irrigation system operation Physical Reduced soil erosion Positive Significant Long Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper and maintenance term engineering design; Monitor sediment content of water; concrete lining of canals Reduced siltation Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water; regular term canal desilting and cleaning, settling basins and concrete lining of canals Reduced flooding Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways Reduced water seepage Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways Enhanced soil quality Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; term regular monitoring of soil quality Enhanced water quality with Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water the decrease in turbidity. term Reduced potential for water Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; contamination with agro- term regular water chemical analysis chemicals Socio- Increased income due to Positive Significant Long Proper maintenance of canals Economic enhance irrigation efficiency term Increased environmental Positive Significant Long Conduct ning program on environmental management management capacity term through enhanced knowledge and skills. Enhanced health condition Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals with increased water quality. term through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic appeal Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and of the irrigation system term planting of omamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 12 SA Report, Novemb 9 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts'*______________________________ + /-|Dn L/S |R/ A. Pre-Construction ands Construction Phase of the Project Al. Generation of employment + I S I* Hiring priorty shall be given to qualified local residents A2. Excavation and earthmoving will alter topography, disturb soil surface, D S R * Effective drainage systems and silt traps/ponds and sand increase erosion rates and increase siltation rates in canals/ rivers. bagging in civil work areas; * proper disposal of spoils, * schedule earthwork activities during dry season; * immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; * Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from drainage routes * Spoils generated from civil works be disposed as filling materials A3. Potential increase in turbidity in surface water - D S R * control flow of sediments from civil work areas by drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps A4. Water quality problems for downstream users - I S R * Monitor irrigation water quality A5. Potential contamination of surface and groundwater with oil and grease - D S R * Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of oil and/or construction and human waste * Set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the construction area and properly dispose the generated solid wastes. * Set up proper and adequate toilet facilities * Strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation A6. Increase inTSP concentrations in civil work areas and access roads - D S R * Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed soils/ground during dry days; * set maximum speed limits to vehicles passing through populated areas; * wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions. A7. Increase in noise levels D S R * use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from construction equipment, * maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area * Proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 13 SA Report, Novemb* 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Predicted Impacts Significance of MitigatingEnhancement Measures +/- D/l n L/S R/l A8. Loss of/damage to vegetation due to land clearing and other - D S R * Limit land clearing as much as possible construction activities * Provide temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained * Use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants * Re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and omamental plants A9. Disturbance or loss of wildlife within the influence area due to noise - D S R * Schedule noisy construction activities during day time and other construction activities * Undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use mufflers * Proper disposal of construction wastes A10. Increased vehicular raffic and possible congestion - I S R * Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume * Strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Al 1. Potential conflicts in water distribution for downstream users - I S R * Forge an agreement among users on water distribution; * adherence to schedule of water supply A12. Temporary disruption in irrigation water supply - I S R * Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when water is not needed A13. Increased income due to generation of local labor employment; influx + I S I * Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring of workers/migrants A14. Stimulate local economy + I S I * Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring A15. Increase in waste generation - I S R * Proper waste disposal A16. Possible rise in medical costs due to increase in air, water and noise - I S R * Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by erosion pollution control; * Provide ear plugs and masks to workers when warranted; * Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is -_ not disturbed B. Operation Phase of the Project Bi. Reduced soil erosion + D L I * Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper engineering design * Monitor sediment content of water * Concrete lining of canals B2. Reduced siltation + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water * Regular canal desilting and cleaning * Settling basins and concrete lining of canals B3. Reduced flooding + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and -_ waterways Euroestudios S.L. 14 SA Report, Novemb* 006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures +/- D/ln L/S R/l B4. Reduced water seepage + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways B5. Enhanced soil quality + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology Regular monitoring of soil quality B6. Enhanced water quality with decreased turbidity + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water B7. Reduced potential for water contamination with agro-chemicals + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology B8. Increased production areas and income + I L I * Proper maintenance of canals B9. Increased environmental management capacity through enhanced + D L I * Conduct a training program on environmental management knowledge and skills. Bl0. Enhanced health condition with increased water quality + I L I * Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting and removal of wastes and debris. B1 1. Improved aesthetic appeal of the irrigation system + I L I * Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and planting of -_ ornamental plants & trees Legend: (+) positive impact (-) negative impact D direct impact In - Indirect impact L -long term S short term R - Reversible I Irreversible Euroestudios S.L. 15 SA Report, Novemb#6006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN SUMMARY Aciiis1Impact AActivities Area Impact Description [Mitigation/Enhancement [Measures |Cost Insitutional Plan Implementing Mechanism/ Guarantee A. PRE- CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and Socio- Local employment Hiring priority shall be given to Hiring policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the design Economic opportunities generated qualified local residents hiring policy of the contractor and reflected in the contract. B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for Physical Excavation and Effective drainage systems and Note: Include in the detailed site dev't., and other earthmoving will alter silt traps/ponds and sand bagging Cost imputed Contractor engineering design (DED) and facilities (site clearing, topography, disturb soil in civil work areas; proper to Program of Works (POW). mobilization of equipment surface, increase erosion disposal of spoils, schedule Construction and labor forces, rates and increase earthwork activities during dry Methods Contractor to formulate and excavation, establishment siltation rates in canals/ season;immediate stabilization of implement an Environmental of temporary quarters and rivers. exposed surfaces and slopes; Management Plan (EMP) and facilities, earthworks, and Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat Environmental Monitoring Plan other civil works) areas and away from drainage (EMoP) that will form part of the routes TOR and contract document. Spoils generated from civil works The contractor must be required be disposed as filling materials to formulate and implement a Waste Management Plan and corresponding monitoring plan that will form part of the TOR and Contract document. Potential increase in Control flow of sediments from P50,000.00 Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP tenty incrface in civil work areas by drainage and include in the DED and turbidit in surface water canals, sandbagging and silt traps POW. An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Euroestudios S.L. 16 0 SA Report, Novemb*006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Area TImpact Description Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Cnsitutional Cost Plan -Implementing Guarantee Mechanism/ Water quality problems Monitor quality of irrigation water P75,000.00 Contractor Part of EMoP; for downstream users An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Potential contamination Proper handling of fuel and Note: Contractor Include in the Waste of surface and lubricants and disposal of oil; set- Cost imputed Management Plan and groundwater with oil and up temporary disposal mechanism to corresponding monitoring plan. grease and/or from within the construction area and Construction construction and human properly dispose the generated Methods wastes solid wastes; set up proper and An IA resolution and/or LGU adequate toilet facilities; strictly ordinance that will ban and require the contractor and its penalize carabao wallowing workers to observe proper waste must be adopted disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Sprinkle water over access Note. concentrations in civil roads/or exposed soils/ground Cost imputed Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP. work areas and access during dry days; set maximum to roads speed limits to vehicles passing Construction through populated areas; wash Methods mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Increase in noise levels use silencers to control excessive Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP. noise emissions from construction Cost imputed equipment, maintain vehicle to mufflers and set speed limits in Construction populated area; proper Methods maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 17 SA Report, Novemb#6006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Area Impact Description Measures Implementing Mechanism/ Cost Plan Guarantee Biological Loss of/damage to Limit land clearing as much as Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP vegetation possible; provide temporary Cost imputed and include in the POW. fencing to vegetation that will be to retained; use of markers and Construction fences to direct heavy equipment Methods traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Schedule noisy construction Note: Contractor stipulate in the EMP and wildlife due to noise and activities during day time; Cost imputed include in the waste other construction undertake proper maintenance of to management plan activities equipment and use mufflers; Construction proper disposal of construction Methods wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular Schedule deliveries during low Note: Contractor include in the EMP Economic traffic and possible traffic volume; Strict enforcement Cost imputed congestion of traffic rules and regulations to Construction Methods Potential conflicts in Forge an agreement on water Note: Contractor/lAs/ IA resolution on water water distribution for distribution; adherence to Cost imputed LGU distribution downstream users schedule of water supply to Construction Methods Temporary disruption in Schedule rehabilitation works during Contractor Proper notice to the users irrigation water supply harvesting when water is not needed through written announcements in conspicuous areas Increased income due to Give priority to local workers/lAs Hiring Policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the generation of local labor in hiring hitaco pold of te inthe emlyet infu employment; influx of of hiring policy of the contractor workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Priority to local workers/lAs in Hiring Policy Contractor to be stipulated in the hiring hiring policy of the contractor Eu,oestudios S.L. 18 SA Report, Novembe-006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Area Impact Description Measures Cost Implementing Mechanism/ Plan Guarantee Increase in waste Proper waste disposal 100,000.00 Contractor to be stipulated in the waste generation management plan Possible rise in medical Minimize siltation and surface Note: Contractor Stipulate in the EMP costs due to increase in water contamination by erosion Cost imputed air, water and noise control; Provide ear plugs and to pollution masks to workers when Construction warranted; Schedule jobs so that Methods rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. B. OPERATION PHASE Direct Impacts System operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Provide drainage and discharge 250,000 maintenance Include in the detailed facilities with proper engineering NlA/lAs engineering design and POW design; Monitor sediment content Include in the monitoring plan of water; concrete lining of canals Monitor regularly sediment Part of NIA part of O&M plan Reduced siltation content of water;regular canal Construction desiliting and cleaning; settling cost and O&M basins and concrete lining of costs canals Reduced flooding Regular desilting and cleaning of 150,000.00 lAs/NIA/LGU part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Reduced water seepage Regular desilting and cleaning of NlA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Enhanced Soil quality Adoption of organic fertilizer use 100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGU part of capability building and IPM technology; regular assessment and monitoring monitoring of soil quality plan Euroestudios S.L. 19 SA Report, Novemb1606 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Activities Impact Area Impact Description Mitigation/Enhancement Measures T Cost nsitutional Plan Implementing Mechanism/ Guarantee Enhanced water quality Monitor regularly sediment NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan with the decrease in content of water turbidity Reduced potential for Adoption of organic fertilizer use NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan water contamination with and IPM technology; regular water agro-chemicals chemical analysis Socio- Increased income due to Proper maintenance of canals NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan Economic enhance irrigation efficiency Increased environmental Conduct a training program on P100,000.00 NIA part of capability building plan management capacity environmental management and monitoring plan through enhanced knowledge and skills. conduct of yearly assessment ____ ____ ____ ____ ____and evaluation. Enhanced health with Regular cleaning and P150,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan increased water quality. maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic Regular cleaning of canals of P100,000.00 NlA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan appeal of the irrigation wastes and debris and planting of system ornamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 20 SA Report, Novembe O 06 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP SECTION 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN MATRIX Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis monitored Institutional Plan Monitoring A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION Hiring of Local Project office monthly Review of records NIA/IA/LGU PHASE residents B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS Construction areas, and canal Ocular inspection can be Ocular inspection and IA/NIA/Contractor embankments done as often as possible sedimentation Analysis Earthworks, Land Development, while sedimentation infrastructure construction analysis can be done *(Land clearing & preparation, quarterly Equipment and vehicles, Water Quality Water bodies along Prior to start and and Ocular observation Contractor/NIA/LGU Entry/Exit of construction *TSS, chemical downstream section of frequent observation vehicles) analysis construction site and during actual downstream portion of the development work system Quarterly Sedimentation analysis/ Chemical analysis Air Quality Within the vicinity of the work Prior to operation: Gravimetric Method Contractor/NIA *Dust Pollution-Total area Suspended Weekly Particulate (TSP), Noise/ Within the vicinity of the work Quarterly Use of Extech Sound Level Contractor/NIA Vibration area Meter Flora and Fauna Within the vicinity of the work Monthly Ocular inspection/estimation NIA/Contractor/lAs area and downstream water bodies Solid Waste Along the irrigation canals and Twice a week Ocular estimation NIA/IAs/LGUs waterways, work area, workshop area Socio-Economic Within the service area As often as needed Informal interviews Contractor/lAs/LGUs parameters C. OPERATION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS, Along irrigation canals, and Quarterly Sedimentation IA/NIA (irrigation operation and Turbidity waterways Analysis/Ocular inspection maintenance, vehicles entering Euroestudios S.L. 21 SA Report, Novemb*06 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis monitored Monitoring Institutional Plan and exiting the system area Soil Quality Per sampling site Yearly Chemical Analysis IA/LGUs/DA Water Quality Intake of irrigation system, Quarterly Sedimentation /NIA/LGUs *TSS and chemical previously rehabilitated analysis/chemical analysis portions and downstream analysis/ocular inspection (tailend of the system) Solid Waste Along irrigation canals within Daily Ocular estimation lAs/LGUs- the whole service area Environmental Within the project site Yearly Training Assessment and NIA capacity evaluation Socio-economic Project Site Yearly Key informants LGUs/NIA/IAs parameters interview/survey Euroestudios S.L. 22 SA Report, November 2006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP MONITORING DURING THE PRE/CONSTRUCTION PHASES The monitoring of key environmental parameters is necessary to determine early occurrence of impacts that may be adverse to the environment and determination of possible mitigating measures to address the impacts. Regular monitoring should be undertaken for the following parameters. Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection within the construction sites. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system, complaints from the nearby residents and whether mitigation measures were applied and how effective. Water Quality Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids, chemicals from pesticides, oil and grease should be monitored along the creek during the construction phase of the project. The sampling sites should be relative to the location of the spoils/waste disposal and the storage area. Regular ocular monitoring should be done to check if toilet facilities are properly installed and utilized. Dust Generation Dust generated during construction could be very significant especially during the peak of * construction activities and during the dry season. As such, the Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) in the air will be closely monitored using the Gravimetric Method for analysis. One station will be set up at the dustiest portion of the site where sampling will be undertaken. The starting time for sampling is preferably between 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM and should be on a dry season. Two samples will be undertaken from the sampling station: one-hour sample and one 24-hour sample. This is to provide the proponent with data and trends on the pollution levels brought about during the civil works and vehicular emissions from the exit/entry of construction vehicles. Noise Generation Despite its minimal impact to the environment, noise level will also be monitored during the construction phase. Observation points will be installed in areas closest to the sources of noise. For each noise observation point, one sampling will be conducted at daytime (9:OOAM to 6:00PM), nighttime (10:00PM to 5:00AM) and in the early morning (5:00AM to 9:00AM). Flora and Fauna Monitoring of flora and fauna is focused on whether construction activities will affect the existing vegetation and wildlife in the area and how these loss or damages can be mitigated on site during the construction activities. Solid Wastes * Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the construction sites and irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. The contractor shall abide by the policies and procedures on solid waste management Euroestudios S.L. 23 SA Report, November 2006 IEE Annex 3 Checklist for Agos RIS, PIDP including collection schedule being promulgated by the respective Barangay and Municipal LGUs of Apayao. Certain areas will be designated as collection sites where the wastes will be collected in specified collection bags, plastic bags or containers. Garbage storage bins should be provided by the contractor in strategic areas. Socio-Economic Parameters The socio-economic impacts in the form of local employment, vehicular traffic, potential conflicts to downstream users, income generation, stimulation of economic activity, and rise in medical costs need to be monitored to determine whether the expected impact to the socio-economic sector are being realized. OPERATION PHASE MONITORING Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection of the system area. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system as well as complaints from the nearby residents. Soil quality Soil quality will be monitored yearly at the end of two (2) cropping seasons to determine the chemical/nutrient content of soil. This would determine the effect of fertilizer application and accumulation of chemicals in the soil. Water Quality Water quality will be monitored for its turbidity and its chemical contents to determine its sediment content and possible contamination by chemicals and other organisms. During the operation phase, it is expected that water quality is enhanced. Monitoring can be done through a combination of daily ocular inspection and quarterly sediment analysis and/or chemical analysis. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Environmental Capacity The capacity of the lAs, NIA and LGU staff on environmental management and protection will be monitored through the conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Socio-Economic Parameters Parameters on income and other socio-economic impacts of the project shall be determined through a survey at the end of the year or through interviews with a sample of the lAs and LGUs. Euroestudios S.L. 24 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) CHECKLIST For the PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE APAYAO-ABULUG RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECTION 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1. Project Name/Title Proposed Rehabilitation of the Apayao-Abulug River Irrigation System 1.2. Proponent/Company: National Irrigation Administration Address : NIA-AAIS, Allacapan, Cagayan Tel/Fax # E-mail 1.3. Project Location Allacapan, Cagayan (Attachment 1: Location Map) 1.4 Project Category: Rehabilitation * New Project C- Expansion 1.5 Project Objectives: The overarching objectives of Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) are: a. to expand farmers' participation through irrigation management transfer b. to effect equitable water distribution through discharge regulation modernization c. to improve system performance through rehabilitation and improvement d. to strengthen NIA organization through rationalization plan adoption Specifically, the proposed improvement of the systems under PIDP includes the ff: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Installation of measuring devices and Long Crested Weir (LCW) d) Improvement of road & connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system PhP 255,834,000 Euroestudios S.L. 25 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 1.6 Project Cost PROJECT COMPONENT ESTIMATED COST A. DIRECT COST: 1. Diversion Works 60,554,980 2. Project (O&M) Facilities 700,000 3. Canalization Works 31,631,539 4. Canal Structures, others.. 51,173,494 5. Roads System 23,205,987 6. Irrigation Modernization Structures 28,455,000 Total Irrigation Development 195,721,000 7. IA/LGU Capability Bldg. & Training 4,754,000 8. LGU Participation 480,000 9. O&M Equipment 1,836,000 10. Research & Training Equipment 632,000 11. Development Support 3,070,000 Total Direct Cost 206,493,000 B. INDIRECT COST 49,341,000 TOTAL 255,834,000 1.7 Project Ownership: Type of Owners: Corporation Single Proprietorship F F- Partnership/Joint Venture Cooperative Others, pls specify: 1.8 List of Owners ( for partnership/ corporation) (Available upon request) 1.9 Letter of Authority from the corporation to apply ECC in their behalf. (Please attach cover letter) SECTION 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Area Coverage Total Service Area (hectares) 10,794 has. 2.2 Land Ownership Ownership of the land by: * Virtue of OCT/ TCT #: * Stewardship of land by virtue of: Euroestudios S.L. 26 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 * Lease of land by virtue of: * Pending application for: * Others, please specify: Presidential Proclamation 2.3 General Land Classification LI Public Land LI Alienable and Disposable W Private * Individual * Corporation LI * Municipal/City/Province L * Others 2.6 Existing Land Use Within: * 50-200 Meter Radius Within this radius of the proposed rehabilitation works are irrigated rice lands sometimes * bounded by existing roads and residential areas INSET PICTURES (north-south, east-west aspects-sections) 2.7 Services The present service area of AAIS is 10,794 hectares after AAISIP. The total area irrigated for wet and dry seasons are 6,239 and 6,977 hectares, respectively The responsibility of NIA in the system operation is to divert irrigation water from the dam and deliver it to the main canal and laterals. At the turnout level, the farmers are responsible for the equitable distribution of water into the farm lots. The diverted discharges at the turnout level depend upon the turnout service area. 2.6 Facilities The Apayao-Abulug Irrigation System draws water from Abulug River and Gattu Creek by gravity. The type of diversion at Abulug River is an ogee shape overflow dam with 2 sluice ways, 6 bays at east and 4 bays at the west. The type of diversion at Gattu Creek is also an ogee dam which serves the area. Pamplona. The drainage canals within the service area of AAIS on the east side are located in the barangays of Cabaritan, Mabutal, Caranan and Nannanapatan which all drain on the main drainage canal called Spanish Ditch. On the west side drainage canals are located in the barangays of Barukbok, Pinitan, Curva and Libertad. Euroestudios S.L. 27 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The systems' communication facilities consist of one (1) unit base radio and one (1) unit telephone 2.7 Water Resources and Infrastructure a. Demand Water requirement from the service area range from 0.77 CMS -2.60 cms. The divertible flow is calculated within the 3-8 CMS range with a net surplus of 0.77-6.35 CMS b. Supply/Sources (river -watershed) The dependable discharge at Abulug River is approximately 72 cumecs based on the exceedence probability analysis while Gattu Creek has dependable discharge of 400 liters per second . Based on the flood frequency analysis, the results are as follows: Peak Discharges (cms.) Probability Occurrence, yrs. 1/10 1/20 1/50 1/100 1/200 of Abulug river 3,800 4,300 5,100 5,800 6,600 Water Source Yes No Remarks The system Existing Public Water draws from run- off-river gravity irrigation from the Abulug river and the Gattu Creek Water Source Name of Water Location Distance From Water_Sorce_ NameBody the System (km) 1. Creek Gattu Creek Pamplona 1. CreekCagayan 2. Spring 3. Stream Abulug river Swan, Pudtol 4. River and Atok, Flora, Apayao 5. Others, pis. Specify 2.8 Drainage System Type of Drainage Available: Euroestudios S.L. 28 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 b) Major Roads: Open Canal I Closed/Underground I0m W drainage U None Where does the drainage system drain? Public Drainage System 3 Natural Ouffall / Water Body Z Open Space 2.9 Power Supply Source of Power: HL Local Electric Cooperative CAELCO LI Own Generator LI Others, Pls Specif _ _ 2.10 Solid Waste Disposal System * Collection System g Association/Project-Maintained Garbage Collection System LI[ Integrated into the City/Municipal Garbage Collection System Z Others, Pis. Specify: * Will there be a waste sorting/segregation system to be employed prior to disposal? E YES m NO * Disposal System D Burning at open dumpsite in the project site D Sludge Cleaning LE Landfill outside of the project site D Municipal/City Landfill Area Others, Pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 29 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 2.11 Manpower and Employment * a) Operation and Maintenance Period The Apayao - Abulug Irrigation System is under the supervision of an Irrigation Superintendent and core staff performing relevant duties in the system organization. The Irrigation Superintendent has the overall supervision for the operation and maintenance of the system. The Assistant Irrigation Superintendent heads the O&M section and the implementation of repair and rehabilitation works. He is assisted by the WRF Technician, Operator and WRF Tenders. The water distribution within the turnout service area is jointly supervised by the IA leaders and the WRF Technician and Tender. The IA leaders with the assistance of WRF Technician and WRF Tenders are responsible for implementing and monitoring the equitable water distribution in every turnout service area. The WRF Operator is responsible in opening and closing the intake gates per instruction from the system office. The distribution of water at the head gates is the responsibility of the WRF Technician. SECTION 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Physical Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. What is the general elevation of The system spreads on the proposed rehabilitation mostly even ground, The project proposed project lies <100 masl between 100-300 masl 100-300 masl 301-500 masl 501-1,000 masl 1,000-1,500 masl >1,500 masl 2. Slope and Topography of the Except for its elevated main Area (within 50 meter radius from canal sections, the center of site) system's service area lie - Terrain is flat (0-3 % slope) on flat terrain - Gently sloping to Undulating(3-8 V % slope) - Undulating to rolling (8-18% slope) - Rolling to moderately Steep (18- 30% slope) - Steeply rolling(30-50%slope) - Very steep to Mountainous Euroestudios S.L. 30 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks (<50% slope) 3.Are there areas in the site The canal system runs where there are possible through flat areas, and occurrence of soil erosion? there were no sections determined to be at risk from soil erosion 4. Has the area experienced any v Flooding is a recurring flooding during the wet season concern during the wet or typhoons? if yes, when was months. he last time the area was flooded? Clogging of canals due to What caused the flooding? solid waste and this further aggravated by silted drainage ways as exemplified by the silted and euthrophicated Linao river The prevalent soil types in 5. Soil type of the area: the service area of Apayao- Abulug Irrigation System { } sandy soil are San Manuel clay loam, { } rocky adobe Quingua clay loam and { } clay soil Zaragoza clay while in the { } sandy loam soil extension area the type of soils are Quingua clay loam and Toran clay 6. Are there existing water bodies The irrigation system draws within 1.5 km. of the proposed its water supply from the rehabilitation project Abulug river at the intake in e.g. creeks or streams? Apayao and the Gattu Creek in Pamplona, Cagayan 7. What are the present uses of The creeks are used the water bodies within or near variously for bathing , the proposed rehabilitation site v washing and sometimes fishing { @} bathing { ~} washing { v} fishing { } source of drinking water { } recreation (swimming, boating, etc.) { } others: 8. Is there an access road going .Existing road networks are to currently servicing the area the project site? Euroestudios S.L. 31 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks I 9. What is the existing land use of The dominant land use is the area where the irrigated agriculture .With a rehabilitation will be undertaken? total irrigable area of 10,794 hectares, the - Prime agricultural land present farm operators (productive/ irrigated) have varying farm sizes - Prime agricultural land with an average farm size (idle/abandoned) of 1.85 hectares About - Grassland 23.15% of the total - Built-up(abandoned) farmers are concentrated - Orchard in farm size up to 1.0 - Marsh/Mangrove/Swamp hectare occupying about - Fishpond 8.54 % of the farm area. Others, pls. Specify The biggest farm holdings of 5.0 hectares and above constitute about 13.58% of the total area 10. Does the site conform with the The project conforms with approved land use plan of the the approved CLUP of the municipality? municipality of Abulug, Allapcapan, Lallo, Pamplona and Aparri 11. Indicate the present land-use The present land use in within: the service area is * 50 meter radius predominantly agriculture. The farming system is 100 meter radius attributed to the local climate that contributed to 200 meter radius the existing land utilization types. 12. Are there existing structures or Except for clusters that developments around the project occur in stretches along site? if yes, please list them in the the road grids, there are opposite space no other existing structures and development adjoining the system 3.2 Biological Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing trees and Being almost entirely composed other types of vegetation in the / of cultivated agricultural lands, site? if yes, please provide there are no trees within the examples immediate vicinity of the system rehabilitation area 2. Are there birds and other The ricefields are occasionally forms of wildlife found in the used as feeding area of the area? Please provide examples. migratory Philippine Heron Euroestudios S.L. 32 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 3. Are there fishery resources in There are free ranging, non the water bodies found near or cultured stocks of tilapia, caffish, within the site? Please provide etc. in the river system. The examples. Babuyan channel where the system finally drains , is rich source of fish and fishery products 4. Is the site near or within a The intake is close to the upland watershed or forest reservation forest area in Pudtol and Flora, area? If near, how many km. or province of Apayao m. If within, indicate name of the watershed or forest reservation area. 5. Is the proposed project The outer extremities of the adjacent to a natural system, are linked with the ecosystem? Spanish ditch at the coast of the Babuyan channel - Forest - Coastal/ Marine - Grassland - Mangrove - Agriculture - Lake & River Ecosystem 3.3 Socio-Economic Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 2. Are there existing settlements There are no cases of in the proposed rehabilitation informal settlements directly project that would be affected? v linked to the canal system If yes, indicate the number of - Households/Families - Legitimate Landowners - Tenants - Squatters 2. What is the total population of The aggregate population the barangay where the project from the barangays served will be located? by the system in four municipalities is estimated at 60,210 (NSO, 2000).. The total number of farm households is about12,253; of which 10,018 (82%) are ! directly involved in farming and the remaining 18% are landless. The population Euroestudios S.L. 33 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks density is estimated at 14.46 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.6% per annum. 3. Average family size: five members per household 4. Are there other existing local There 36 Irrigator organizations in the area? Associations in the entire service area of the system. On the average, each of the lAs I n the system covers about 190 ha (deemed within optimal level) with about 165 potential farmer-members. In the past several years, 20 of the said lAs already have participated in irrigation management, all under combined types 1 and 2 contract. To date, only about 95 percent of the farmers has joined the lAs as registered members 5. Are there existing social The residents of the infrastructures/services in the barangays served by the barangay? system have access to a - Schools good road network that leads - Communications to various services available - Health centers/clinics at the town center - Hospitals - Roads - Others, pis. Specify: I Euroestudios S.L. 34 IEE Checklist for ApayaoQlug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 4.1 MATRIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and design Socio- Local employment Positive Significant Short Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents Economic opportunities generated term B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for site Physical Excavation and Negative Insignificant Short Effective drainage systems and silt traps and sand dev't., and other facilities (site earthmoving will alter term bagging in civil work areas; proper disposal of spoils, clearing, mobilization of topography, disturb soil schedule earthwork activities during dry season; equipment and labor forces, surface, increase erosion immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; excavation, establishment of rates and increase siltation proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from temporary quarters and rates in canals/ rivers. drainage routes; spoils generated from civil works be facilities, earthworks, and other disposed as filling materials civil works) Potential increase in Negative Insignificant Short control flow of sediments from civil work areas by turbidity in surface water term drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps Water quality problems for Negative Insignificant Short Monitor irrigation water quality downstream users term Potential contamination of Negative Insignificant Short Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of surface and groundwater Term oil; set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the with oil and grease and/or construction area and properly dispose the generated from construction and solid wastes; set up proper and adequate toilet facilities; human wastes strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Negative Significant Short Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed concentrations in civil work term soils/ground during dry days; set maximum speed limits areas and access roads to vehicles passing through populated areas; wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Euroestudios S.L. 35 IEE Checklist for Apayao 9 ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area ________________________ Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in noise levels Negative Insignificant Short use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from term construction equipment, maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area; proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Biological Loss of/damage to Negative Insignificant Long Limit land clearing as much as possible; provide vegetation term temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained; use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant] plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Negative Insignificant Long Schedule noisy construction activities during day time; wildlife due to noise and term undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use other construction activities mufflers; proper disposal of construction wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular traffic Negative Insignificant Short Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume; Strict Economic and possible congestion term enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Potential conflicts in water Negative Insignificant Short Forge an agreement on water distribution; adherence to distribution for downstream term schedule of water supply users Temporary disruption in Negative Insignificant Short Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when irrigation water supply term water is not needed Increased income due to Positive Significant Short Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring generation of local labor term employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Positive Significant Short Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring term Euroestudios S.L. 36 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Olug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Negative Insignificant Short Proper waste disposal Increase in waste term generation Possible rise in medical Negative Insignificant Short Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by costs due to increase in air, term erosion control; Provide ear plugs and masks to workers water and noise pollution when warranted; Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. C. OPERATION PHASE Irrigation system operation and Physical maintenance Reduced soil erosion Positive Significant Long Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper term engineering design; Monitor sediment content of water Reduced siltation Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water; regular term canal desilting and cleaning; settling basins Reduced flooding Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways; maintenance of river protection and canal structures Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage Reduced water seepagetem cnladwtray Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; Enhanced Soil quality term regular monitoring of soil quality Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water Enhanced water quality with term the decrease in turbidity. Reduced potential for water Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; contamination with agro- term regular water chemical analysis chemicals Euroestudios S.L. 37 0 0 IEE Checklist for Apayao@ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Socio- Increased income due to Positive Significant Long Proper maintenance of canals Economic enhance irrigation efficiency term Increased environmental Positive Significant Long Conduct a training program on environmental management capacity term management through enhanced knowledge and skills. Enhanced health condition Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals with increased water quality. term through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic appeal Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and of the irrigation system term planting of ornamental plants & trees Euroestudios S. L. 38 IEE Checklist for ApayaoOulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION Predicted Impacts Sigmpfcance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures |+/- I D/ln |L/S |R/l A. Pre-Construction ands Construction Phase of the Project Al. Generation of employment + I S I Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents A2. Excavation and earthmoving will alter topography, disturb soil - D S R * Effective drainage systems and silt traps/ponds and sand bagging in surface, increase erosion rates and increase siltation rates in canals/ civil work areas; rivers. * proper disposal of spoils, * schedule earthwork activities during dry season; * immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; * Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from drainage routes * Spoils generated from civil works be disposed as filling materials A3. Potential increase in turbidity in surface water D S R - * control flow of sediments from civil work areas by drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps A4. Water quality problems for downstream users I S R - * Monitor irrigation water quality A5. Potential contamination of surface and groundwater with oil and D S R - * Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of oil grease and/or construction and human waste * Set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the construction area and properly dispose the generated solid wastes. * Set up proper and adequate toilet facilities * Strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation * Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed soils/ground during dry days; * set maximum speed limits to vehicles passing through populated A6. Increase in TSP concentrations in civil work areas and access roads D S R areas; * wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, * cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions. A7. Increase in noise levels D S R * use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from construction equipment, * maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area * Proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 39 IEE Checklist for Apayao 9 ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts** 1/ D/ln US R/l A8. Loss of/damage to vegetation due to land clearing and other D S R * Limit land clearing as much as possible construction activities * Provide temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained * Use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants * Re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants A9. Disturbance or loss of wildlife within the influence area due to noise D S R * Schedule noisy construction activities during day time and other construction activities * Undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use mufflers * Proper disposal of construction wastes AIO. Increased traffic and possible congestion I S R * Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume * Strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Al 1. Potential conflicts in water distribution for downstream users I S R * Forge an agreement among users on water distribution; * adherence to schedule of water supply A12. Temporary disruption in irrigation water supply I S R * Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when water is not needed Al 3. Increased income due to generation of local labor employment; + I S I * Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring influx of workers/migrants A14. Stimulate local economy + I S I * Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring A15. Increase in waste generation - I S R * Proper waste disposal A16. Possible rise in medical costs due to increase in air, water and * Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by erosion noise pollution control; - I S R * Provide ear plugs and masks to workers when warranted; * Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed B. Operation Phase of the Project B1. Reduced soil erosion + D L I * Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper engineering design * Monitor sediment content of water B2. Reduced siltation + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water; regular canal desilting and cleaning; settling basins B3. Reduced flooding + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways; maintenance of river protection and canal structures B4. Reduced water seepage + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways B5. Enhanced soil quality + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology * Regular monitoring of soil quality B6. Enhanced water quality with decreased turbidity + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water Euroestudios S.L. 40 0 0 IEE Checklist for Apayao@ lug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts"* +/- D/In US R B7. Reduced potential for water contamination with agro-chemicals + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and [PM technology B8. Increased production areas and income + I L I * Proper maintenance of canals B9. Increased environmental management capacity through enhanced + D L I * Conduct a training program on environmental management knowledge and skills. B10. Enhanced health condition with increased water quality + I L I * Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals through desiltinq and removal of wastes and debris. B1 1. Improved aesthetic appeal of the irrigation system + I L I * Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and planting of ornamental plants & trees Legend: (+) positive impact (-) negative impact D direct impact In - Indirect impact L -long term S short term R- Reversible I Irreversible Euroestudios S.L. 41 IEE Checklist for ApayaoOlug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN SUMMARY Activities Impact ImpactDesc itigation/Enhancement ns itutional Implementing Mechanism/ A. PRE- CONSTRUCTION PHASE Area ImatDsription Measures FCo-st Plan Guarantee Feasibility Study and Socio- Local employment Hiring priority shall be given to Hiring policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the design Economic opportunities generated qualified local residents hiring policy of the contractor and reflected in the contract. B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for Physical Excavation and Effective drainage systems and Note: Contractor Include in the detailed site dev't., and other earthmoving will alter silt traps/ponds and sand bagging Cost imputed engineering design (DED) and facilities (site clearing, topography, disturb soil in civil work areas; proper to Program of Works (POW). mobilization of equipment surface, increase erosion disposal of spoils, schedule Construction and labor forces, rates and increase earthwork activities during dry Methods Contractor to formulate and excavation, establishment siltation rates in canals/ season;immediate stabilization of implement an Environmental of temporary quarters and rivers. exposed surfaces and slopes; Management Plan (EMP) and facilities, earthworks, and Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat Environmental Monitoring Plan other civil works) areas and away from drainage (EMoP) that will form part of the routes TOR and contract document. Spoils generated from civil works The contractor must be required be disposed as filling materials to formulate and implement a Waste Management Plan and corresponding monitoring plan that will form part of the TOR and Contract document . . Control flow of sediments from P50,000.00 Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP Potentiai increase In civil work areas by drainage and include in the DED and canals, sandbagging and silt traps POW. An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Euroestudios S.L. 42 lEE Checklist for ApayaoQ lug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Water quality problems Monitor quality of irrigation water P75,000.00 Contractor Part of EMoP; for downstream users An IA resolution and/or LOU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Potential contamination Proper handling of fuel and Note: Contractor Include in the Waste of surface and lubricants and disposal of oil; set- Cost imputed Management Plan and groundwater with oil and up temporary disposal mechanism to corresponding monitoring plan. grease and/or from within the construction area and Construction construction and human properly dispose the generated MethodsAnIreouinadrLU wastes solid wastes; set up proper and onIArdncesthatwillbn and/o G adequate toilet facilities; strictly pednalize harat wallowingan require the contractor and its mustlibe caaadopted oin workers to observe proper wastemutbadpe disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Sprinkle water over access Note: Cnrco pcf nteEPadEo concentrations in civil roads/or exposed soils/ground Cost imputed Cotaor SefiinheEPndMP work areas and access during dry days; set maximum to roads speed limits to vehicles passing Construction through populated areas; wash Methods mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Inraeios ees use silencers to control excessive Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP. Incrasein ois leels noise emissions from construction Cost imputed equipment, maintain vehicle to mufflers and set speed limits in Construction populated area; proper Methods maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 43 0 IEE Checklist for Apayao 9 ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Biological Loss of/damage to Limit land clearing as much as Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP vegetation possible; provide temporary Cost imputed and include in the POW. fencing to vegetation that will be to retained; use of markers and Construction fences to direct heavy equipment Methods traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant] plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Schedule noisy construction Note: Contractor Stipulate in the EMP and wildlife due to noise and activities during day time; Cost imputed include in the waste other construction undertake proper maintenance of to management plan activities equipment and use mufflers; Construction proper disposal of construction Methods Contractor to formulate and wastes implement a waste management plan Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular Schedule deliveries during low Note: Contractor Include in the EMP Economic traffic and possible traffic volume; Strict enforcement Cost imputed congestion of traffic rules and regulations to Construction Methods Potential conflicts in Forge an agreement on water Note: Contractor/lAs/ IA resolution on water water distribution for distribution; adherence to Cost imputed LGU distribution downstream users schedule of water supply to Construction Methods Temporary disruption in Schedule rehabilitation works during Contractor Proper notice to the users irrigation water supply harvesting when water is not needed through written announcements in conspicuous areas Increased income due to Give priority to local workers/lAs Hiring Policy Contractor hold be te inthe generation of local labor in hiring hiringtorpoulic stplthed of contrato employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Priority to local workers/lAs in Hiring Policy Contractor to be stipulated in the hiring hiring policy of the contractor Euroestudios S.L. 44 IEE Checklist for Apayao@ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ AciiisArea Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Increase in waste Proper waste disposal 100,000.00 Contractor to be stipulated in the waste generation management plan Possible rise in medical Minimize siltation and surface Note: Contractor Stipulate in the EMP costs due to increase in water contamination by erosion Cost imputed air, water and noise control; Provide ear plugs and to pollution masks to workers when Construction warranted; Schedule jobs so that Methods rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. B. OPERATION PHASE Direct Impacts System operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Provide drainage and discharge P250,000.00 A/lA Include in the engineering maintenance facilities with proper engineering NlIs design and POW design Include in the monitoring plan Monitor sediment content of water Reduced siltation Monitor regularly sediment 25,000.00 NIA part of O&M plan content of water; regular canl desilting and cleaning; settling basins Reduced flooding Regular desilting and cleaning of 150,000.00 lAs/NIA/LGU part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways; maintenance of river protection and canal structures. Reduced water seepage Regular desilting and cleaning of NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Enhanced soil quality Adoption of organic fertilizer use 100,000.00 NIA/lAs/LGU part of capability building and IPM technology; regular assessment and monitoring monitoring of soil quality plan Enhanced water quality Monitor regularly sediment NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan with the decrease in content of water turbidity Euroestudios S.L. 45 0 IEE Checklist for Apayao 9 ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Reduced potential for Adoption of organic fertilizer use NlA/LGUs part of monitoring plan water contamination with and IPM technology; regular water agro-chemicals chemical analysis Socio- Increased income due to Proper maintenance of canals NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan Economic enhance irrigation efficiency Increased environmental Conduct a training program on P100,000.00 NIA part of capability building plan management capacity environmental management and monitoring plan through enhanced knowledge and skills. conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Enhanced health with Regular cleaning and P150,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan increased water quality. maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic Regular cleaning of canals of P100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan appeal of the irrigation wastes and debris and planting of system ornamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 46 0 0 IEE Checklist for ApayaoQulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN MATRIX Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Monitoring monitored Method of Analysis Institutional Plan A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION Hiring of Local Project office monthly PHASE Review of records NIA/IA/LGU residents B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS Construction areas, and Ocular inspection can be Ocular inspection and Contractor/lAs canal embankments done as often as possible sedimentation Analysis Earthworks, Land while sedimentation analysis Development, infrastructure can be done quarterly construction Water Quality Water bodies along Prior to start and and frequent *(Land clearing & preparation, Ocular observation Contractor/NIA/LGU *TSS, chemical downstream section of observation during actual Equipment and vehicles, analysis construction site and development work Entry/Exit of construction downstream portion of the vehicles) system Quarterly Sedimentation analysis/ -_ Chemical analysis Air Quality Within the vicinity of the work Prior to operation: Gravimetric Method Contractor/NIA *Dust Pollution-Total area Suspended Weekly Particulate (TSP), Noise/ Within the vicinity of the work Quarterly Use of Extech Sound Level Vibration Contractor/NIA area Meter Flora and Fauna Within the vicinity of the work Monthly Ocular NIA/Contractor/lAs area and downstream water inspection/estimation bodies Solid Waste Twice a week Ocular estimation NIA/lAs/LGUs Along the irrigation canals and waterways, work area, workshop area Euroestudios S.L. 47 IEE Checklist for Apayao 9 ulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Monitoring monitored__ Method of Analysis Institutional Plan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Within the service area As often as needed Informal interviews Contractor/lAs/LGUs Socio-Economic parameters C. OPERATION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS, Along irrigation canals, and Quarterly Sedimentation IA/NIA (irrigation operation and Turbidity waterways Analysis/Ocular inspection maintenance, vehicles entering and exiting the system area Soil Quality Per sampling site Yearly Chemical Analysis IA/LGUs/DA Water Quality Intake of irrigation system, Quarterly Sedimentation /NIA/LGUs *TSS and chemical previously rehabilitated analysis/chemical analysis portions and downstream analysis/ocular inspection (tailend of the system) Solid Waste Along irrigation canals within Daily Ocular estimation lAs/LGUs- the whole service area Environmental Within the project site Yearly Training Assessment and NIA capacity evaluation Socio-economic Project Site Yearly Key informants LGUs/NIA/IAs parameters interview/survey Euroestudios S.L. 48 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 MONITORING DURING THE PRE/CONSTRUCTION PHASES The monitoring of key environmental parameters is necessary to determine early occurrence of impacts that may be adverse to the environment and determination of possible mitigating measures to address the impacts. Regular monitoring should be undertaken for the following parameters. Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection within the construction sites. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system, complaints from the nearby residents and whether mitigation measures were applied and how effective. Water Quality Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids, chemicals from pesticides, oil and grease should be monitored along the creek during the construction phase of the project. The sampling sites should be relative to the location of the spoils/waste disposal and the storage area. Regular ocular monitoring should be done to check if toilet facilities are properly installed and utilized. Dust Generation Dust generated during construction could be very significant especially during the peak of construction activities and during the dry season. As such, the Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) in the air will be closely monitored using the Gravimetric Method for analysis. One station will be set up at the dustiest portion of the site where sampling will be undertaken. The starting time for sampling is preferably between 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM and should be on a dry season. Two samples will be undertaken from the sampling station: one-hour sample and one 24-hour sample. This is to provide the proponent with data and trends on the pollution levels brought about during the civil works and vehicular emissions from the exit/entry of construction vehicles. Noise Generation Despite its minimal impact to the environment, noise level will also be monitored during the construction phase. Observation points will be installed in areas closest to the sources of noise. For each noise observation point, one sampling will be conducted at daytime (9:OOAM to 6:00PM), nighttime (10:00PM to 5:00AM) and in the early morning (5:00AM to 9:00AM). Flora and Fauna Monitoring of flora and fauna is focused on whether construction activities will affect the existing vegetation and wildlife in the area and how these loss or damages can be mitigated on site during the construction activities. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the construction sites and irrigation canals throughout the whole service Euroestudios S.L. 49 IEE Checklist for Apayao-Abulug RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 area. The contractor shall abide by the policies and procedures on solid waste management including collection schedule being promulgated by the respective Barangay and Municipal LGUs of Apayao. Certain areas will be designated as collection sites where the wastes will be collected in specified collection bags, plastic bags or containers. Garbage storage bins should be provided by the contractor in strategic areas. Socio-Economic Parameters The socio-economic impacts in the form of local employment, vehicular traffic, potential conflicts to downstream users, income generation, stimulation of economic activity, and rise in medical costs need to be monitored to determine whether the expected impact to the socio-economic sector are being realized. OPERATION PHASE MONITORING Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection of the system area. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system as well as complaints from the nearby residents. Soil quality Soil quality will be monitored yearly at the end of two (2) cropping seasons to determine the chemical/nutrient content of soil. This would determine the effect of fertilizer application and accumulation of chemicals in the soil. Water Quality Water quality will be monitored for its turbidity and its chemical contents to determine its sediment content and possible contamination by chemicals and other organisms. During the operation phase, it is expected that water quality is enhanced. Monitoring can be done through a combination of daily ocular inspection and quarterly sediment analysis and/or chemical analysis. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Environmental Capacity The capacity of the lAs, NIA and LGU staff on environmental management and protection will be monitored through the conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Socio-Economic Parameters Parameters on income and other socio-economic impacts of the project shall be determined through a survey at the end of the year or through interviews with a sample of the lAs and LGUs. Euroestudios S.L. 50 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) CHECKLIST For the PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE BANURBUR RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECTION 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1.Project Name/Title: PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE BANURBUR RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM 1.2. Proponent/Company: BANURBUR RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Address : NIA-BRIS, Buguey, Cagayan Tel/Fax # E-mail 1.3. Project Location: Buguey, Cagayan (Attachment 1: Location Map) 1.4 Project Category: F Rehabilitation of Existing System [I New Project LII Expansion 1.5 Project Objectives: The proposed improvement of the systems under PIDP includes the ff: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Installation of measuring devices and Long Crested Weir (LCW) d) Improvement of road & connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system 1.6 Project Cost PhP 83,438,000 Euroestudios S.L. 51 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The Estimated Project Cost and Total Investment Cost are computed as follows Project Component Estimated Cost A. Direct Cost: 1. Diversion Works 19,350,231 2. Project (O&M) Facilities 850,000 3. Canalization Works 8,156,177 4. Canal Structures, others 2,728,961 5. Roads System 11,493,631 6. Irrigation Modernization Structures 6,500,000 Total Irrigation Development 49,079,000 9. IA/LGU Capability Bldg. & Training 2,843,000 10. LGU Participation 506,000 11. O&M Equipment 14,104,000 12. Research & Training Equipment 341,000 13. Development Support 473,000 Total Direct Cost 67,346,000 B. Indirect Cost 16,092,000 TOTAL 83,438,000 1.7 Project Ownership: Type of Owners: Single Proprietorship * Corporation r Partnership/Joint Venture Cooperative Others, pis specify: 1.8 List of Owners ( for partnership/ corporation) (Available upon request) 1.9 Letter of Authority from the corporation to apply ECC in their behalf. (Please attach cover letter) SECTION 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Area Coverage Total Service Area (hectares) 1,200 2.2 Land Ownership Ownership of the land by: Euroestudios S.L. 52 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 * Virtue of OCT/ TCT #: * Stewardship of land by virtue of: * Lease of land by virtue of: * Pending application for: * Others, please specify: Presidential Proclamation 2.3 General Land Classification LI Public Land F Alienable and Disposable W Private * Individual L * Corporation * Municipal/City/Province * Others LI 2.4 Existing Land Use Within: Li * 50-200 Meter Radius Within this radius of the proposed rehabilitation works are irrigated rice lands and irregular stretches of residential areas, especially those that occur along the national road. INSET PICTURES (north-south, east-west aspects-sections) 2.5 Services The responsibility of NIA in the system operation is to divert irrigation water from the dam and deliver it to the main canal and laterals. At the turnout level, the farmers are responsible for the equitable distribution of water into the farm lots. The diverted discharges at the turnout level depend upon the turnout service area. 2.6 Facilities The Banurbur River Irrigation Sytem has three different sources of water, namely Baburbur Creek, Papira Creek and Pattao Creek. The type of diversion constructed at Banurbur Creek is an ogee type while intake type of structures were constructed at the Papira and Pattao Creeks. The water from Euroestudios S.L. 53 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Banurbur, Papira and Sicuan Creeks are free from toxic and with minimal sediments. I The water distribution system consists of three separate main canals with a total length of 20.408 kilometers, and 35.74 kilometers length of lateral and sub-lateral canals. Except staff gages, there are no other discharge measuring structures/devices within the service area. The system is adequately provided with headgates and check structures, only flash boards are used in diverting and controlling irrigation water in every turnout. Some structures need repairs and installation of new steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. The stretch of the main canal and laterals were not provided with service and operation roads due to existing roads constructed parallel with the canals. 2.7 Water Resources and Infrastructure a. Demand The current system demand is placed at 4.43 CMS. With a divertible flow of more than 15 CMS. There remains a net surplus to support new irrigation b. Supply/Sources (river -watershed) Water Source Yes No Remarks Existing Public Water v The system draws run-of- the river irrigation mainly from the banurbur creek Water Source Name of Location Distance from Water Body the system (km) 2. Creek Banurbur San Lorenzo Papira Villa Cielo Pattao Tabac 2. Spring 3. Stream 4. River 5. Others, pls. ISpecify Euroestudios S.L. 54 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 2.8 Drainage System Type of Drainage Available: c) Major Roads: Open Canal C Closed/Underground mone drainage [jNone Where does the drainage system drain? W Public Drainage System V Natural Outfall / Water Body Z Open Space 2.9 Power Supply Source of Power: Local Electric Cooperative CAELCO ZX Own Generator CI Others, Pls Specify 2.10 Solid Waste Disposal System * Collection System fl Association/Project-Maintained Garbage Collection System Z Integrated into the City/Municipal Garbage Collection System * W Others, Pls. Specify: Will there be a waste sorting/segregation system to be employed prior to disposal? E YES LIi NO * Disposal System CII Burning at open dumpsite in the project site EII Sludge Cleaning Ej Landfill outside of the project site EI Municipal/City Landfill Area Others, Pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 55 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 2.11 Manpower and Employment The Banurbur Creek Irrigation System is headed by an Irrigation Superintendent who has the overall supervision of the operation and maintenance activities of the system. The BCIS has three operation and maintenance personnel consisting of one Engineer A, one WRFT and one Engineering Assistant B. These personnel are utilized to monitor the canal maintenance activities of the IA under Type I contract, assist the IA in the implementation of water delivery schedule especially in the removal and return of flash boards as control structures, and collect ISF during collection periods. The gatekeeper is permanently assigned in the opening and closing of the intake gates as per instruction of the IS. Other system personnel are support staffs who are indispensable in the day-to-day activities of the NIS SECTION 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Physical Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. What is the general elevation of Generally, the area is the proposed project? spread on mostly even <100 masl ground, The proposed 100-300 masl project lie on elevation 301-500 masl <100 masl 501-1,000 masl 1,000-1,500 masl >1,500 masl 2. Slope and Topography of the Except for its elevated main Area (within 50 meter radius from canal sections, the center f site) system's service area lie - Terrain is flat (0-3 % slope) on flat terrain - Gently sloping to Undulating(3-8 % slope) - Undulating to rolling (8-18% slope) - Rolling to moderately Steep (18- 30% slope) - Steeply rolling (30-50%slope) - Very steep to Mountainous (<50% slope) There are no sections of 3.Are there areas in the site the main and lateral canals where there are possible which can be classified as occurrence of soil erosion? erosion hazards 4. Has the area experienced any Flooding is a recurring flooding during the wet season or concern during the wet typhoons? if yes, when was the months. The CARP last time the area was flooded? extension area is one the What caused the flooding? most vulnerable to flooding, Euroestudios S.L. 56 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks where the entire barangay is submerged to floodwaters because of silted and narrow river channel. The barangay of Naguillan in nearby Lallo town is also vulnerable to flooding affecting 200 hectares. 5. Soil type of the area: The underlying rock substratum is mainly { } sandy soil limestone. The A horizon { } rocky adobe consists mainly of a layer of { } clay soil sandy loam {_w_} sandy loam soil 6. Are there existing water bodies The irrigation system draws within 1.5 km. of the proposed its water supply from the rehabilitation project e.g. creeks Banurbur, Papira and or streams? Pattao creeks. At its outer extemoty, it is also linked with the Buguey Lagoon . 7. What are the present uses of The creeks are used the water bodies within or near variously for bathing, the proposed rehabilitation site washing and sometimes fishing. The Buguey { v } bathing Lagoon, where some of the { v} washing system run-off drains is an { } fishing important nature tourism source of drinking water asset to the municipality { } recreation (swimming, boating, etc.) { } others: 8. Is there an access road going A network of parallel road to the project site? system run parallel to the main canals and laterals. 9. What is the existing land use The project area consists of of the area where the croplands devoted solely rehabilitation will be undertaken? for irrigated and rain fed paddy rice production. - Prime agricultural land There are 1,538 farm (productive/ irrigated) operators farming a total - Prime agricultural land land area of 1,838 (idle/abandoned) hectares. Average farm - Grassland size of more than 5 - Built-up(abandoned) hectares constitutes about - Orchard 11.20 percent of the total - Marsh/Mangrove/Swamp farm holdings while the - Fishpond smallest farm size of less Others, pls. Specify than 1 hectare represents about 21.09 percent. 10. Does the site conform with the The project has consistently Euroestudios S.L. 57 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks approved land use plan of the conformed with the municipality? approved CLUP of the municipalities of Buguey, Lallo and Sta. Teresita 11. Indicate the present land-use The present land use in the within: service area is 50 meter radius predominantly agriculture. The farming system is 100 meter radius attributed to the local climate that contributed to 200 meter radius the existing land utilization types. The present land use is paddy rice due to sufficient water from the three creeks.: 12. Are there existing structures or developments around the project site? if yes, please list them in the opposite space 3.2 Biological Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing trees and v The sections of the canals to other types of vegetation in the be rehabilitated are not site? if yes, please provide covered by any permanent examples vegetation 2. Are there birds and other The conditions at the time forms of wildlife found in the was at the tail end of a 2 area? Please provide examples. month dry spell . There were no wildlife activity in the area 3. Are there fishery resources in The Buguey Lagoon is a key the water bodies found near or fishery area for the coastal within the site? Please provide barangays examples. 4. Is the site near or within a The intake is linked to the watershed or forest reservation Biraw river watershed which area? If near, how many km. or supports the Banurbur m.. If within, indicate name of the creek. The watershed is an watershed or forest reservation extension of the Northern area. Sierra Madre range Euroestudios S.L. 58 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 5. Is the proposed project The canal system winds adjacent to a natural ecosystem? down to the coastal zone as it reaches At its tailend the - Forest Buguey Lagoon - Coastal/ Marine v - Grassland - Mangrove - Agriculture - Lake & River Ecosystem 3.3 Socio-Economic Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 3. Are there existing settlements There are no existing in the proposed rehabilitation settlements directly situated project that would be affected? on the sections to be If yes, indicate the number of rehabilitated. - Households/Families - Legitimate Landowners - Tenants - Squatters 2. What is the total population of The population of the 17 the barangay where the project barangays covered by the will be located? system is estimated at 19,882 (NSO, 20002) with an average family size of five members. The total number of farm households is about 3,746; of which 1,538 (41%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 59% are landless. The population density is estimated at 10.97 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.01% per annum. 3. Average family size: Five members/households 5. What are their source(s) of Farming is the single most Livelihood? important source of - Farming livelihood. With a total - Fishing irrigable area of 1,838 - Backyard poultry and hectares, the present farm piggery operators have varying farm - Vending/buy and sell sizes with an average farm - Sari-sari store size of 1.18 hectares - Factory Employees Euroestudios S.L. 59 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 - Gov't/Private/Non-Gov't Institutions - Dressmaking Carpentry Pedicab Operators 5. Are there other existing local There are seven Irrigator organizations in the area? Associations (IA) which are duly registered and accredited 6. Are there existing social The residents of the infrastructures/services in the barangays served by the barangay? system have access to a good road network that leads - Schools to various services available - Communications at the town center - Health centers/clinics - Hospitals - Roads - Others, pls. Specify: 0 Euroestudios S.L. 60 IEE Checklist for BOlrbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 4.1 MATRIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and design 1Socio- Economic | Local employment Iopportunities generated Positive Significant termt Short riority shall be given to qualified local residents Hiring prirt hl egvnt ulfe oa eiet B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for site Physical Excavation and Negative Insignificant Short Effective drainage systems and silt traps and sand dev't., and other facilities (site earthmoving will alter term bagging in civil work areas; proper disposal of spoils, clearng, mobilization of topography, disturb soil schedule earthwork activities during dry season; equipment and labor forces, surface, increase erosion immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; excavation, establishment of rates and increase siltation proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from temporary quarters and rates in canals/ rivers. drainage routes; spoils generated from civil works be facilities, earthworks, and other disposed as filling materials civil works) Potential increase in Negative Insignificant Short control flow of sediments from civil work areas by turbidity in surface water term drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps Water quality problems for Negative Insignificant Short Monitor irrigation water quality downstream users term Potential contamination of Negative Insignificant Short Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of surface and groundwater Term oil; set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the with oil and grease and/or construction area and properly dispose the generated from construction and solid wastes; set up proper and adequate toilet facilities; human wastes strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Negative Significant Short Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed concentrations in civil work term soils/ground during dry days; set maximum speed limits areas and access roads to vehicles passing through populated areas; wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Euroestudios S.L. 61 IEE Checklist for BOrbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Area Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in noise levels Negative Minimal Short use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from term construction equipment, maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area; proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Biological Loss of/damage to Negative Insignificant Long Limit land clearing as much as possible; provide vegetation term temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained; use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Negative Insignificant Long Schedule noisy construction activities during day time; wildlife due to noise and term undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use other construction activities mufflers; proper disposal of construction wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular traffic Negative Insignificant Short Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume; Strict Economic and possible congestion term enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Potential conflicts in water Negative Insignificant Short Forge an agreement on water distrbution; adherence to distribution for downstream term schedule of water supply users Temporary disruption in Negative Insignificant Short Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when irrigation water supply term water is not needed Increased income due to Positive Significant Short Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring generation of local labor term employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Positive Significant Short Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring term Increase in waste Negative Insignificant Short Proper waste disposal generation term Euroestudios S.L. 62 0 IEE Checklist for Brbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures A rea__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Possible rise in medical Negative Insignificant Short Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by costs due to increase in air, term erosion control; Provide ear plugs and masks to workers water and noise pollution when warranted; Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. C. OPERATION PHASE Irrigation system operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Positive Significant Long Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper maintenance term engineering design Monitor sediment content of water Reduced siltation Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water; dredging of term river channel; maintenance of drainage system Reduced flooding Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways; dredging of river channel Reduced water seepage Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways Enhanced Soil quality Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; term regular monitoring of soil quality Enhanced water quality with Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water the decrease inturbidity. term Reduced potential for water Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; contamination with agro- term regular water chemical analysis chemicals Increased income due to Positive Significant Long Proper maintenance of canals enhance irrigation efficiency term Increased environmental Positive Significant Long Conduct training program on environmental Socio- management capacity term management Economic through enhanced knowledge and skills. Enhanced health condition Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals with increased water quality. term through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic appeal Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and of the irrigation system term planting of omamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 63 IEE Checklist for B^rbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts"*______________________________ +/- D/ln L/S R/l |___________________________ A. Pre-Construction ands Construction Phase of the Project Al. Generation of employment + I S I * Hiring priorty shall be given to qualified local residents A2. Excavation and earthmoving will alter topography, disturb soil surface, - D S R * Effective drainage systems and silt traps/ponds and sand increase erosion rates and increase siltation rates in canals/ rivers. bagging in civil work areas; * proper disposal of spoils, * schedule earthwork activities during dry season; * immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; * Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from drainage routes * Spoils generated from civil works be disposed as filling materials A3. Potential increase in turbidity in surface water D S R * control flow of sediments from civil work areas by drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps A4. Water quality problems for downstream users I S R * Monitor irrigation water quality A5. Potential contamination of surface and groundwater with oil and grease D S R * Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of oil and/or construction and human waste * Set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the construction area and properly dispose the generated solid wastes. * Set up proper and adequate toilet facilities * Strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation A6. Increase in TSP concentrations in civil work areas and access roads D S R * Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed soils/ground during dry days; * set maximum speed limits to vehicles passing through populated areas; * wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, * cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions. Euroestudios S.L. 64 IEE Checklist for Brbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Imp~acts"* 1/ D/ln US R/l A7. Increase in noise levels D S R * use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from construction equipment, * maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area * Proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles A8. Loss of/damage to vegetation due to land clearing and other D S R * Limit land clearing as much as possible construction activities * Provide temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained * Use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants * Re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants A9. Disturbance or loss of wildlife within the influence area due to noise - D S R * Schedule noisy construction activities during day time and other construction activities * Undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use mufflers * Proper disposal of construction wastes A10. Increased vehicular traffic and possible congestion - I S R * Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume * Strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Al 1. Potential conflicts in water distribution for downstream users - I S R * Forge an agreement among users on water distribution; * adherence to schedule of water supply A12. Temporary disruption in irrigation water supply I S R * Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when water is not needed Al 3. Increased income due to generation of local labor employment; influx + I S I * Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring of workers/migrants A14. Stimulate local economy + I S I * Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring A15. Increase in waste generation - I S R * Proper waste disposal A16. Possible rise in medical costs due to increase in air, water and noise - I S R * Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by erosion pollution control; * Provide ear plugs and masks to workers when warranted; * Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed B. Operation Phase of the Project Euroestudios S.L. 65 IEE Checklist for B#rbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts** +/- D/In L/S R/l B1. Reduced soil erosion + D L I * Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper engineering design * Monitor sediment content of water B2. Reduced siltation + D L I Monitor regularly sediment content of water * * Dredging of river channel * Maintenance of the drainage system B3. Reduced flooding + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways * Dredging of river channel B4. Reduced water seepage + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways B5. Enhanced soil quality + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology * Regular monitoring of soil quality B6. Enhanced water quality with decreased turbidity + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water B7. Reduced potential for water contamination with agro-chemicals + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology B8. Increased income due to enhance irrigation efficiency + I L I * Proper maintenance of canals B9. Increased environmental management capacity through enhanced + D L I * Conduct a training program on environmental management knowledge and skills. B10. Enhanced health condition with increased water quality + I L I * Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting and removal of wastes and debris. B1. Improved aesthetic appeal of the irrigation system + I L I * Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and planting of ornamental plants & trees Legend: (+) positive impact (-) negative impact D direct impact In - Indirect impact L -long term S short term R - Reversible I Irreversible Euroestudios S.L. 66 IEE Checklist for B*bur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN SUMMARY Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanisml Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee A. PRE- CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and Socio- Local employment Hiring priority shall be given to Hiring policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the design Economic opportunities generated qualified local residents hiring policy of the contractor and reflected in the contract. B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for Physical Excavation and Effective drainage systems and Note: Include in the detailed site dev't., and other earthmoving will alter silt traps/ponds and sand bagging Cost imputed Contractor engineering design (DED) and facilities (site clearing, topography, disturb soil in civil work areas; proper to Program of Works (POW). mobilization of equipment surface, increase erosion disposal of spoils, schedule Construction and labor forces, rates and increase earthwork activities during dry Methods Contractor to formulate and excavation, establishment siltation rates in canals/ season;immediate stabilization of implement an Environmental of temporary quarters and rivers. exposed surfaces and slopes; Management Plan (EMP) and facilities, earthworks, and Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat Environmental Monitoring Plan other civil works) areas and away from drainage (EMoP) that will form part of the routes TOR and contract document. Spoils generated from civil works The contractor must be required be disposed as filling materials to formulate and implement a Waste Management Plan and corresponding monitoring plan that will form part of the TOR and Contract document Potential increase in Control flow of sediments from P50,000.00 Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP turbit Incrface In civil work areas by drainage and include in the DED and turbidity In surface water canals, sandbagging and silt traps POW. An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Euroestudios S.L. 67 IEE Checklist for B#rbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Water quality problems Monitor quality of irrigation water P75,000.00 Contractor Part of EMoP; for downstream users An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Potential contamination Proper handling of fuel and Note: Contractor Include in the Waste of surface and lubricants and disposal of oil; set- Cost imputed Management Plan and groundwater with oil and up temporary disposal mechanism to corresponding monitoring plan grease and/or from within the construction area and Construction construction and human properly dispose the generated Methods wastes solid wastes; set up proper and An IA resolution and/or LGU adequate toilet facilities; strictly ordinance that will ban and require the contractor and its penalize carabao wallowing workers to observe proper waste must be adopted disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Sprinkle water over access Note: concentrations in civil roads/or exposed soils/ground Cost imputed Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP work areas and access during dry days; set maximum to roads speed limits to vehicles passing Construction through populated areas; wash Methods mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions I i use silencers to control excessive Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP Increase in noise levels noise emissions from construction Cost imputed equipment, maintain vehicle to mufflers and set speed limits in Construction populated area; proper Methods maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 68 IEE Checklist for B rbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement ansitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Biological Loss of/damage to Limit land clearing as much as Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP vegetation possible; provide temporary Cost imputed and include in the POW fencing to vegetation that will be to (Program of Works) retained; use of markers and Construction fences to direct heavy equipment Methods traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant] plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Schedule noisy construction Note: Contractor stipulate in the EMP and wildlife due to noise and activities during day time; Cost imputed include in the waste other construction undertake proper maintenance of to management plan activities equipment and use mufflers; Construction proper disposal of construction Methods wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular Schedule deliveries during low Note: Contractor Include in the EMP Economic traffic and possible traffic volume; Strict enforcement Cost imputed congestion of traffic rules and regulations to Construction Methods Potential conflicts in Forge an agreement on water Note: Contractor/lAs/ IA resolution on water water distribution for distribution; adherence to Cost imputed LGU distribution downstream users schedule of water supply to Construction Methods Temporary disruption in Schedule rehabilitation works during Contractor Proper notice to the users irrigation water supply harvesting when water is not needed through written announcements in conspicuous areas Increased income due to Give priority to local workers/lAs Hiring Policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the generation of local labor in hiringhingplcofteotrtr employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Priority to local workers/lAs in Hiring Policy Contractor to be stipulated in the hiring hiring policy of the contractor Euroestudios S.L. 69 IEE Checklist for BOrbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Implementing Mechanism/ .nsitutional Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Increase in waste Proper waste disposal 100,000.00 Contractor to be stipulated in the waste generation management plan Possible rise in medical Minimize siltation and surface Note: Contractor Stipulate in the EMP costs due to increase in water contamination by erosion Cost imputed air, water and noise control; Provide ear plugs and to pollution masks to workers when Construction warranted; Schedule jobs so that Methods rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. B. OPERATION PHASE Direct Impacts System operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Provide drainage and discharge P250,000.00 Include in the engineering maintenance facilities with proper engineering NIAIIAs design and POW design; Monitor sediment content Include in the monitoring plan of water Monitor regularly Reduced siltation content of water; sediment dredging of river 25,000.00 NIA part of O&M plan channel; maintenance of drainage system Reduced flooding Regular desilting and cleaning of 150,000.00 lAs/NIA/LGU part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways; dredging of river channel Reduced water seepage Regular desilting and cleaning of NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Enhanced soil quality Adoption of organic fertilizer use 100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGU part of capability building and IPM technology; regular assessment and monitoring monitoring of soil quality plan Enhanced water quality Monitor regularly sediment NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan with the decrease in content of water turbidity Euroestudios S.L. 70 0 IEE Checklist for B*bur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement lnsitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Reduced potential for Adoption of organic fertilizer use NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan water contamination with and IPM technology; regular water agro-chemicals chemical analysis Socio- Increased income due to Proper maintenance of canals NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan Economic enhance irrigation efficiency Increased environmental Conduct a training program on P100,000.00 NIA part of capability building plan management capacity environmental management and monitoring plan through enhanced knowledge and skills. conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Enhanced health with Regular cleaning and P150,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan increased water quality. maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic Regular cleaning of canals of P100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan appeal of the irrigation wastes and debris and planting of system ornamental plants &trees Euroestudios S.L. 71 IEE Checklist for B*bur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN MATRIX Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis Insitutional Plan monitored Monitoring A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION Hiring of Local Project office monthly PHASE residents Review of records NIA/IA/LGU B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS Construction areas, and canal Ocular inspection can be Ocular inspection and IA/NIA/Contractor embankments done as often as possible sedimentation Analysis Earthworks, Land Development, while sedimentation infrastructure construction analysis can be done *(Land clearing & preparation, quarterly Equipment and vehicles, Entry/Exit of construction vehicles) Water Quality Water bodies along Prior to start and and Ocular observation Contractor/NIA/LGU *TSS, chemical downstream section of frequent observation analysis construction site and during actual downstream portion of the development work system Quarterly Sedimentation analysis/ Chemical analysis Air Quality Within the vicinity of the work Prior to operation: Gravimetric Method Contractor/NIA *Dust Pollution-Total area Suspended Weekly Particulate (TSP), Noise/ Within the vicinity of the work Quarterly Use of Extech Sound Level Contractor/NIA Vibration area Meter Flora and Fauna Within the vicinity of the work Monthly Ocular inspection/estimation NIA/Contractor/lAs area and downstream water bodies Euroestudios S.L. 72 IEE Checklist for BSbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis Insitutional Plan monitored Monitoring Solid Waste Along the irrigation canals and Twice a week Ocular estimation NIA/IAs/LGUs waterways, work area, workshop area Socio-Economic Within the service area As often as needed Informal interviews Contractor/lAs/LGUs parameters C. OPERATION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS, Along irrigation canals, and Quarterly Sedimentation IA/NIA (irrigation operation and Turbidity waterways Analysis/Ocular inspection maintenance, vehicles entering Soil Quality Per sampling site Yearly Chemical Analysis IA/LGUs/DA and exiting the system area Water Quality Intake of irrigation system, Quarterly Sedimentation /NIA/LGUs *TSS and chemical previously rehabilitated analysis/chemical analysis portions and downstream analysis/ocular inspection (tailend of the system) Solid Waste Along irrigation canals within Daily Ocular estimation lAs/LGUs- the whole service area Environmental Within the project site Yearly Training Assessment and NIA capacity evaluation Socio-economic Project Site Yearly Key informants LGUs/NIA/IAs parameters interview/survey Euroestudios S.L. 73 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 MONITORING DURING THE PRE/CONSTRUCTION PHASES The monitoring of key environmental parameters is necessary to determine early occurrence of impacts that may be adverse to the environment and determination of possible mitigating measures to address the impacts. Regular monitoring should be undertaken for the following parameters. Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection within the construction sites. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system, complaints from the nearby residents and whether mitigation measures were applied and how effective. Water Quality Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids, chemicals from pesticides, oil and grease should be monitored along the creeks and waterways during the construction phase of the project. The sampling sites should be relative to the location of the spoils/waste disposal and the storage area. Regular ocular monitoring should be done to check if toilet facilities are properly installed and utilized. Dust Generation Dust generated during construction could be very significant especially during the peak of construction activities and during the dry season. As such, the Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) in the air will be closely monitored using the Gravimetric Method for analysis. One station will be set up at the dustiest portion of the site where sampling will be undertaken. The starting time for sampling is preferably between 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM and should be on a dry season. Two samples will be undertaken from the sampling station: one-hour sample and one 24-hour sample. This is to provide the proponent with data and trends on the pollution levels brought about during the civil works and vehicular emissions from the exit/entry of construction vehicles. Noise Generation Despite its minimal impact to the environment, noise level will also be monitored during the construction phase. Observation points will be installed in areas closest to the sources of noise. For each noise observation point, one sampling will be conducted at daytime (9:OOAM to 6:00PM), nighttime (10:00PM to 5:00AM) and in the early morning (5:00AM to 9:00AM). Flora and Fauna Monitoring of flora and fauna is focused on whether construction activities will affect the existing vegetation and wildlife in the area and how these loss or damages can be mitigated on site during the construction activities. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the construction sites and irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Euroestudios S.L. 74 IEE Checklist for Banurbur RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The contractor shall abide by the policies and procedures on solid waste management including collection schedule being promulgated by the respective Barangay and Municipal LGUs. Certain areas will be designated as collection sites where the wastes will be collected in specified collection bags, plastic bags or containers. Garbage storage bins should be provided by the contractor in strategic areas. Socio-Economic Parameters The socio-economic impacts in the form of local employment, vehicular traffic, potential conflicts to downstream users, income generation, stimulation of economic activity, and rise in medical costs need to be monitored to determine whether the expected impact to the socio-economic sector are being realized. OPERATION PHASE MONITORING Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection of the system area. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system as well as complaints from the nearby residents. Soil quality Soil quality will be monitored yearly at the end of two (2) cropping seasons to determine the chemical/nutrient content of soil. This would determine the effect of fertilizer application and accumulation of chemicals in the soil. Water Quality Water quality will be monitored for its turbidity and its chemical contents to determine its sediment content and possible contamination by chemicals and other organisms. During the operation phase, it is expected that water quality is enhanced. Monitoring can be done through a combination of daily ocular inspection and quarterly sediment analysis and/or chemical analysis. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Environmental Capacity The capacity of the lAs, NIA and LGU staff on environmental management and protection will be monitored through the conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Socio-Economic Parameters Parameters on income and other socio-economic impacts of the project shall be determined through a survey at the end of the year or through interviews with a sample of the lAs and LGUs. Euroestudios S.L. 75 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) CHECKLIST For the REHABILITATION OF THE EXISTING BATUTU NATIONAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM (COMPOSTELA VALLEY) SECTION 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 Project Name/Title : REHABILITATION OF THE EXISTING BATUTU NATIONAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM (COMPOSTELA VALLEY) 1.2. Proponent/Company: NIA-BRIS Address : Compostela, Compostela Valley Tel/Fax # E-mail 1.3 Project Location : Compostela Valley (Attachment 1: Location Map) 1.4 Project Category: O Rehabilitation WX New System BE Expansion 1.5 Project Objectives: The overarching objectives of Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) are: a. to expand farmers' participation through irrigation management transfer b. to effect equitable water distribution through discharge regulation modernization c. to improve system performance through rehabilitation and improvement d. to strengthen NIA organization through rationalization plan adoption The proposed improvement of the systems under PIDP includes the ff: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Installation of measuring devices and Long Crested Weir (LCW) d) Improvement of road & connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system Euroestudios S.L. 76 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 234,393,486 1.6 Project Cost The Estimated Project Cost and Total Investment Cost are computed as follows Project Component Estimated Cost A. Direct Cost: 1. Diversion Works 15,207,365 2. Project (O&M) Facilities 1,100,000 3. Canalization Works 22,617,255 4. Canal Structures, others 111,624,977 5. Roads System 11,495,780 6. Irrigation Modernization Structures 10,972,109 Total Irrigation Development 173,017,486 7. IA/LGU Capability Bldg. & Training 12,035,000 8. LGU Participation 675,000 9. O&M Equipment 1,697,000 10. Research & Training Equipment 341,000 11. Development Support 1,422,000 Total Direct Cost 189,187,486 B. Indirect Cost 45,206,000 TOTAL 234,393,486 1.7 Project Ownership: d Type of Owners: Corporation Single Proprietorship E Cooperative D Partnership/Joint Venture Others, pls specify: 1.8 List of Owners ( for partnership/ corporation) (Available upon request) 1.9 Letter of Authority from the corporation to apply ECC in their behalf. (Please attach cover letter) SECTION 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Area Coverage Total Service Area (hectares) 3,269 * 2.2 Land Ownership Ownership of the land by: Euroestudios S.L. 77 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 * Virtue of OCT/ TOT #: * Stewardship of land by virtue of: * Lease of land by virtue of: * Pending application for: * Others, please specify: Presidential Proclamation 2.3 General Land Classification 1 Public Land H Alienable and Disposable Z Private * Individual lII * Corporation LII * Municipal/City/Province * Others 2.8 Existing Land Use Within: * 50-200 Meter Radius All lands within this radius are devoted to rice production, with the exception of some pockets of coconut lands and banana plantations. INSET PICTURES (north-south, east-west aspects-sections) 2.5. Services The systems has a service area of 3,269 hectares. The responsibility of NIA in the system operation is to divert irrigation water from the dam and deliver it to the main canal and laterals. At the turnout level, the farmers are responsible for the equitable distribution of water into the farm lots. The diverted discharges at the turnout level depend upon the turnout service area 2.6 Facilities The diversion structure is an ogee shape overflow dam with a crest length of 195 meters and 1.40 meters above the original river bed. The diversion headworks constructed and completed in 1979 are located at Barrio Panag, New Bataan. The diversion dam has undergone modification to enhance the delivery of water for both left and right intakes under Water Resources Development Project, consisting of a weir, four (4) sluice gates, and two (2) newly constructed headgates for west and east area, respectively. A barrel is also Euroestudios S.L. 78 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 constructed from the right intake going to the left intake to deliver the right amount of water. constraints. The water distribution system consists of two main canals with a total length of 11.99 kilometers and 17.54 kilometers for west and east area, respectively. The first 8.64 kilometers and 8.95 kilometers of west and east main canals are concrete lined canals. Seven (7) lateral canals are in the west side with a total length of 14.88 kilometers including the extended canals and 28.158 kilometers for nine (9) lateral canals also including the extended canals are in the east area. The system is adequately provided with headgates and check structures. Some structures need repairs and the installation of new steel gates and lifting mechanisms for efficient water control. The stretch of main canals and lateral canals are originally provided with service and operational roads on one side of the canal. The service roads of the system are accessible but the raising of the embankment in some reaches of the existing road and placing of 20 cm gravel surfacing on the whole length of the road embankment are necessary 2.7 Water Resources and Infrastructure a. Demand The maximum diversion requirement during the wet season is 7.84 cms and 6.31 cms during the wet season. Maximum river discharge observed over a 12-year period is 37.20 cubic meter per second. Average river discharge is 14.00 cubic meter per second I b. Supply/Sources (river -watershed) Water Source Yes No Remarks |' The system Existing Public Water operates a run- of-the river irrigation Water Source Name of Water Location Distance Body From the System (km) 1. Creek 2. Spring 3. Stream Batutu river Brgy. Panag, 4. River New Bataan 5. Others, pis. Specify 2.8 Drainage System Euroestudios S.L. 79 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Type of Drainage Available: d) Major Roads: W Open Canal 7 Closed/Underground n FW drainage Li0 None Where does the drainage system drain? Public Drainage System F Natural Outfall / Water Body LI Open Space 2.9 Power Supply Source of Power: X Local Electric Cooperative D Own Generator D-I Others, Pis Specify 2.10 Solid Waste Disposal System * Collection System E Association/Project-Maintained Garbage Collection System LI Integrated into the City/Municipal Garbage Collection System W Others, Pls. Specify: Will there be a waste sorting/segregation system to be employed prior to disposal? 'YES E NO I * Disposal System LII Burning at open dumpsite in the project site LIII Sludge Cleaning W Landfill outside of the project site LII Municipal/City Landfill Area Others, Pls. Specify: 2.11 Manpower and Employment Euroestudios S.L. 80 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The Irrigation Superintendent is responsible for overall supervision of the operation and maintenance of the system. The water distribution within the turnout service area is jointly supervised by the IA leaders and the Water Resource Facilities (WRF) Technician and WRF Tender. The IA leaders with the assistance of WRF Technician and WRF Tenders are responsible for implementing and monitoring the equitable water distribution in every turnout service area. The WRF Operator is responsible for opening and closing the intake gates per instruction from system office. The distribution of water at the head gates is the responsibility of the WRF Technician. SECTION 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Physical Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. What is the general elevation of The entire canal system the proposed rehabilitation and service area spreads in site elevations 100-300 masl <100 masl 100-300 masl 301-500 masl 501-1,000 masl 1,000-1,500 masl >1,500 masl 2. Slope and Topography of the Except for the raised Area (within 50 meter radius from embankments and elevated center of site) canals, Generally, the - Terrain is flat (0-3 % slope) system area spreads on flat - Gently sloping to Undulating(3-8 terrain % slope) - Undulating to rolling (8-18% slope) - Rolling to moderately Steep(18- 30% slope) - Steeply rolling(30-50%slope) - Very steep to Mountainous (<50% slope) 3.Are there areas in the site There were no sites where here are possible v identified to be vulnerable occurrence of soil erosion? to erosion, except for the unlined canals which are programmed for rehabilitation 4. Has the area experienced any flooding during the wet season or v The area has experienced typhoons? if yes, when was the flooding and mine tailings last time the area was flooded? contamination from the Euroestudios S.L. 81 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks What caused the flooding?t failure of the Sabina Mines in 1982 5. Soil type of the area: The soil texture is { } sandy soil generally clay loam { } rocky adobe {} clay soil { } sandy loam soil 6. Are there existing water bodies v The system is linked with within 1.5 km. of the proposed the Batutu river, where it rehabilitation project? derives its run-of-the-river e.g. creeks or streams? irrigation supply 7. What are the present uses of The Batutu River is used the water bodies within or near variously for domestic the gasoline station purposes, including { /} bathing marginal fishing { /1 washing { / } fishing { } source of drinking water { } recreation (swimming, boating, etc.) { } others: 8. Is there an access road going The stretch of main canals to the project site? and lateral canals are linked with service roads which run through one side of the canal. 9. What is the existing land use Based on present land use of the area where the about 532.55 hectares are rehabilitation project will be currently uncultivated or undertaken? remain grasslands while 3,917.45 hectares are - Prime agricultural land under cultivation. Of the (productive/ irrigated) cultivated area 3,200 - Prime agricultural land hectares are planted to (idle/abandoned) irrigated rice and 717.45 - Grassland hectares to banana during - Built-up(abandoned) wet and dry seasons. - Orchard - Marsh/Mangrove/Swamp - Fishpond Others, pls. Specify 10. Does the site conform with the The proposed project approved land use plan of the satisfy the zoning municipality? classification as prescribed in the CLUP of Compostela and New Bataan Euroestudios S.L. 82 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 11. Indicate the present land-use Within these radius, the - within: land use is predominantly 50 meter radius rice land with occasional banana production lands 100 meter radius 200 meter radius Except for some residential 12. Are there existing structures structures in the barangays or developments around the traversed by the system, project site? if yes, please list there are no other known them in the opposite space structures and developments that will likely be affected 3.2 Biological Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing trees and v The canal system, including the other types of vegetation in the proposed restoration and site? if yes, please provide expansion area do not have examples any tree vegetation 2. Are there birds and other v There were no wildlife observed forms of wildlife found in the during the visit. However, there area? Please provide examples. is reason to believe that the forests of Compostela Valley support a high level of Avian and mammalian biodiversity 3. Are there fishery resources in Farmers claim that there are the water bodies found near or free ranging non-cultured tilapia within the site? Please provide and mudfish within the system examples. 4. Is the site near or within a The system is linked with the watershed or forest reservation Batutu river watershed which area? If near, how many km. or drains into the Agusan river m.. If within, indicate name of the watershed or forest reservation * area. 5. Is the project site adjacent to a The system is heavily influenced Euroestudios S.L. 83 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 natural ecosystem? by the forest areas of Compostela, Monkayo, - Forest Montevista and New Bataan, all - Coastal/ Marine of which define the natural - Grassland system boundary of the - Mangrove watershed that supports - Agriculture - Lake & River Ecosystem 3.3 Socio-Economic Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. Are there existing settlements Both the rehabilitation and in the proposed rehabilitaton v expansion areas are free project that would be affected? If from settlements yes, indicate the number of - Households/Families - Legitimate Landowners - Tenants - Squatters 2. What is the total population of The present population is the barangays where the project estimated at 22,028 .with an will be located? average family size of four members. The total number i of farm households is about 5,507; of which 2,081 (38%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 62% are landless. The population density is estimated at 4.84 persons per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.18% per annum. 3. Average family size: Four members. 4.What are their source(s) of Farming is the single most Livelihood? important source of livelihood. With a total - Farming irrigable area of 4,547 - Fishing hectares, the present farm - Backyard poultry and operators have varying farm piggery sizes with an average farm - Vending/buy and sell size 2.18 hectare About - Sari-sari store 50.60% of the total farmers - Factory Employees are concentrated in farm size - Gov't/Private/Non-Gov't up to 1.0 hectare occupying Institutions about 14.12% of the farm - Dressmaking area The biggest farm - Carpentry holdings of 7.0 hectare and - Pedicab Operators above constitute about Euroestudios S.L. 84 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 31.51% of the total area. 5. Are there other existing local There are 14 active Irrigator organizations in the area? Associations involved in co- managing the system 6. Are there existing social The farming families have infrastructures/services in the access to various social barangay? services and infrastructures, - Schools since the service area are - Communications close to the town center - Health centers/clinics - Hospitals - Roads - Others, pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 85 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 4.1 MATRIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and design Socio- Local employment Positive Significant Short Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents Economic opportunities generated term B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for site Physical Excavation and Negative Insignificant Short Effective drainage systems and silt traps and sand dev't., and other facilities (site earthmoving will alter term bagging in civil work areas; proper disposal of spoils, clearing, mobilization of topography, disturb soil schedule earthwork activities during dry season; equipment and labor forces, surface, increase erosion immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; excavation, establishment of rates and increase siltation proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from temporary quarters and rates in canals/ rivers. drainage routes; spoils generated from civil works be facilities, earthworks, and other disposed as filling materials civil works) Potential increase in Negative Insignificant Short control flow of sediments from civil work areas by turbidity in surface water term drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps Water quality problems for Negative Insignificant Short Monitor irrigation water quality downstream users term Potential contamination of Negative Insignificant Short Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of surface and groundwater Term oil; set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the with oil and grease and/or construction area and properly dispose the generated from construction and solid wastes; set up proper and adequate toilet facilities; human wastes strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Euroestudios S.L. 86 IEE Checklist fo atutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in TSP Negative Significant Short Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed concentrations in civil work term soils/ground during dry days; set maximum speed limits areas and access roads to vehicles passing through populated areas; wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Increase in noise levels Negative Insignificant Short use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from term construction equipment, maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area; proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Biological Loss of/damage to Negative Insignificant Long Limit land clearing as much as possible; provide vegetation term temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained; use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Negative Insignificant Long Schedule noisy construction activities during day time; wildlife due to noise and term undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use other construction activities mufflers; proper disposal of construction wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular traffic Negative Insignificant Short Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume; Strict Economic and possible congestion term enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Potential conflicts in water Negative Insignificant Short Forge an agreement on water distribution; adherence to distribution for downstream term schedule of water supply users Temporary disruption in Negative Insignificant Short Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when irrigation water supply term water is not needed Increase income due to Positive Significant Short Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring generation of local labor term employment; influx of workers/migrants Euroestudios S.L. 87 IEE Checklist foQtutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Stimulate local economy Positive Significant Short Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring term Increase in waste Negative Insignificant Short Proper waste disposal generation term Possible rise in medical Negative Insignificant Short Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by costs due to increase in air, term erosion control; Provide ear plugs and masks to workers water and noise pollution when warranted; Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. C. OPERATION PHASE Irrigation system operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Positive Significant Long Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper maintenance term engineering design Monitor sediment content of water Reduced siltation Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water; term maintenance of sand traps Reduced flooding Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways Reduced water seepage Positive Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage term canals and waterways Enhanced soil quality Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; term regular monitoring of soil quality Enhanced water quality with Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water the decrease in turbidity. term Reduced potential for water Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; contamination with agro- term regular water chemical analysis chemicals Socio- Increased income due to Positive Significant Long Proper maintenance of canals Economic enhance irrigation efficiency term Euroestudios S.L. 88 IEE Checklist fo7 tutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increased environmental Positive Significant Long Conduct training program on environmental management capacity term management through enhanced knowledge and skills. Enhanced health condition Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals with increased water quality. term through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic appeal Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and of the irrigation system term planting of omamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 89 IEE Checklist fo*utu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION Predicted Impacts Significance of Impacts** Mitigating/Enhancement Measures +/_ I D/ln L/S R/l A. Pre-Construction ands Construction Phase of the Project Al. Generation of employment + I S I * Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents A2. Excavation and earthmoving will alter topography, disturb soil D S R * Effective drainage systems and silt traps/ponds and sand surface, increase erosion rates and increase siltation rates in canals/ bagging in civil work areas; rivers. * proper disposal of spoils, * schedule earthwork activities during dry season; * immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; * Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from drainage routes * Spoils generated from civil works be disposed as filling materials A3. Potential increase in turbidity in surface water D S R * control flow of sediments from civil work areas by drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps A4. Water quality problems for downstream users I S R * Monitor irrigation water quality A5. Potential contamination of surface and groundwater with oil and D S R * Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of oil grease and/or construction and human waste * Set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the construction area and properly dispose the generated solid wastes. * Set up proper and adequate toilet facilities * Strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation A6. Increase in TSP concentrations in civil work areas and access D S R * Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed soils/ground during roads dry days; * set maximum speed limits to vehicles passing through populated areas; * wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions. A7. Increase in noise levels D S R * use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from construction equipment, * maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area * Proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 90 0~ IEE Checklist forQtutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Impacts** Mitigating/Enhancement Measures +/ D/ln uS R/l A8. Loss of/damage to vegetation due to land clearing and other D S R * Limit land clearing as much as possible construction activities * Provide temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained * Use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants * Re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and omamental plants A9. Disturbance or loss of wildlife within the influence area due to - D S R * Schedule noisy construction activities during day time noise and other construction activities * Undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use mufflers * Proper disposal of construction wastes A10. Increased vehicular traffic and possible congestion - I S R * Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume * Strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Al 1. Potential conflicts in water distribution for downstream users - I S R * Forge an agreement among users on water distribution; * adherence to schedule of water supply A12. Temporary disruption in irrigation water supply - I S R * Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when water is not needed A13. Increased income due to generation of local labor employment; + I S I * Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring influx of workers/migrants A14. Stimulate local economy + I S I * Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring A15. Increase in waste generation - I S R * Proper waste disposal A16. Possible rise in medical costs due to increase in air, water and - I S R * Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by erosion noise pollution control; * Provide ear plugs and masks to workers when warranted; * Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed B. Operation Phase of the Project B1. Reduced soil erosion + D L I * Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper engineering design * Monitor sediment content of water B2. Reduced siltation + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water; maintenance of sand traps B3. Reduced flooding + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways Euroestudios S.L. 91 0 IEE Checklist foQtutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Impacts** Mitigating/Enhancement Measures +/ DI/n uS R/l B4. Reduced water seepage + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways B5. Enhanced soil quality + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology * Regular monitoring of soil quality B6. Enhanced water quality with decreased turbidity + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water B7. Reduced potential for water contamination with agro-chemicals + D L I * Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology B8. Increased income due to enhance irrigation efficiency + I L I * Proper maintenance of canals B9. Increased environmental management capacity through enhanced + D L I * Conduct a training program on environmental management knowledge and skills. B10. Enhanced health condition with increased water quality + I L I * Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting and removal of wastes and debris. Bi 1. Improved aesthetic appeal of the irrigation system + I L I * Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and planting of ornamental plants & trees Legend: (+) positive impact (-) negative impact D direct impact In - Indirect impact L - long term S short term R- Reversible I Irreversible Euroestudios S.L. 92 0 IEE Checklist foetutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN SUMMARY Activities f Impact AraImpact Desciription Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Cost CotPlan Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Guarantee A. PRE- CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and Socio- Local employment Hiring priority shall be given to Hiring policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the design Economic opportunities generated qualified local residents hiring policy of the contractor and reflected in the contract. B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for Physical Excavation and Effective drainage systems and Note: Contractor site dev't., and other Include in the detailed earthmoving will alter silt traps/ponds and sand bagging Cost imputed engineering design (DED) and facilities (site clearing, topography, disturb soil in civil work areas; proper to Program of Works (POW). mobilization of equipment surface, increase erosion disposal of spoils, schedule Construction and labor forces, rates and increase earthwork activities during dry Methods Contractor to formulate and excavation, establishment siltation rates in canals/ season;immediate stabilization of implement an Environmental of temporary quarters and rivers. exposed surfaces and slopes; Management Plan (EMP) and facilities, earthworks, and Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat Environmental Monitoring Plan other civil works) areas and away from drainage (EMoP) that will form part of the routes TOR and contract document. Spoils generated from civil works The contractor must be required be disposed as filling materials to formulate and implement a Waste Management Plan and corresponding monitoring plan that will form part of the TOR and Contract document. . Potential increase in Control flow of sediments from P50,000.00 Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP tenty incrface in civil work areas by drainage and include in the DED and turbidity in surface water canals, sandbagging and silt traps POW. An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Euroestudios S.L. 93 0 IEE Checklist foQtutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Area Impact Description Measures Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Cost Plan Guarantee Water quality problems Monitor quality of irrigation water P75,000.00 Contractor Part of EMoP; for downstream users An IA resolution and/or LGU ordinance that will ban and penalize carabao wallowing must be adopted Potential contamination Proper handling of fuel and Note: Contractor Include in the Waste of surface and lubricants and disposal of oil; set- Cost imputed Management Plan and groundwater with oil and up temporary disposal mechanism to corresponding monitoring plan grease and/or from within the construction area and Construction construction and human properly dispose the generated Methods An IA resolution and/or LGU wastes solid wastes; set up proper and ordinance that will ban and adequate toilet facilities; strictly penalize carabao wallowing require the contractor and its must be adopted workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Sprinkle water over access Note: concentrations in civil roads/or exposed soils/ground Cost imputed Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP work areas and access during dry days; set maximum to roads speed limits to vehicles passing Construction through populated areas; wash Methods mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Increase in noise levels use silencers to control excessive Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP noise emissions from construction Cost imputed equipment, maintain vehicle to mufflers and set speed limits in Construction populated area; proper Methods maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 94 0 IEE Checklist fo*tutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement ensitutional Area Impact Description Measures Implementing Mechanism/ Cost Plan Guarantee Biological Loss of/damage to Limit land clearing as much as Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and EMoP vegetation possible; provide temporary Cost imputed and include in the POW fencing to vegetation that will be to (Program of Works) retained; use of markers and Construction fences to direct heavy equipment Methods traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Schedule noisy construction Note: Contractor Specify in the EMP and include wildlife due to noise and activities during day time; Cost imputed in the waste management plan other construction undertake proper maintenance of to activities equipment and use mufflers; Construction proper disposal of construction Methods wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular Schedule deliveries during low Note: Contractor Include in the EMP Economic traffic and possible traffic volume; Strict enforcement Cost imputed congestion of traffic rules and regulations to Construction Methods Potential conflicts in Forge an agreement on water Note: Contractor/lAs/ IA resolution on water water distribution for distribution; adherence to Cost imputed LGU distribution downstream users schedule of water supply to Construction Methods Temporary disruption in Schedule rehabilitation works during Contractor Proper notice to the users irrigation water supply harvesting when water is not needed through written announcements in conspicuous areas Increased income due to Give priority to local workers/lAs Hiring Policy Contractor Should be stipulated in the generation of local labor in hiring hiring policy of the contractor employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Priority to local workers/lAs in Hiring Policy Contractor to be stipulated in the hiring hiring policy of the contractor Increase in waste Proper waste disposal 100,000.00 Contractor to be stipulated in the waste generation management plan Euroestudios S.L. 95 IEE Checklist fotutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Insitutional Implementing Mechanism/ Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Possible rise in medical Minimize siltation and surface Note: Contractor Stipulate in the EMP costs due to increase in water contamination by erosion Cost imputed air, water and noise control; Provide ear plugs and to pollution masks to workers when Construction warranted; Schedule jobs so that Methods rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. B. OPERATION PHASE Direct Impacts System operation and Physical Reduced soil erosion Provide drainage and discharge P250,000.00 Include in the engineering maintenance facilities with proper engineering NIAlAs design and POW design Include in the monitoring plan Monitor sediment content of water Monitor regularly sediment 25,000.00 NIA part of O&M plan Reduced siltation content of water; maintenance of sand traps Reduced flooding Regular desilting and cleaning of 150,000.00 lAs/NIA/LGU part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Reduced water seepage Regular desilting and cleaning of NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan canals, drainage canals and waterways Enhanced soil quality Adoption of organic fertilizer use 100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGU part of capability building and IPM technology; regular assessment and monitoring monitoring of soil quality plan Enhanced water quality Monitor regularly sediment NlA/LGUs part of monitoring plan with the decrease in content of water turbidity Reduced potential for Adoption of organic fertilizer use NIA/LGUs part of monitoring plan water contamination with and IPM technology; regular water agro-chemicals chemical analysis Euroestudios S.L. 96 IEE Checklist fo*tutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Cnsitutional Implementing Mechanism! Area Impact Description Measures Cost Plan Guarantee Socio- Increased income due to Proper maintenance of canals NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan Economic enhance irrigation efficiency Increased environmental Conduct a training program on P100,000.00 NIA part of capability building plan management capacity environmental management and monitoring plan through enhanced knowledge and skills. conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Enhanced health with Regular cleaning and P150,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan increased water quality. maintenance of irrigation canals through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic Regular cleaning of canals of P100,000.00 NIA/IAs/LGUs part of O&M plan appeal of the irrigation wastes and debris and planting of system ornamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 97 0 IEE Checklist foetutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN MATRIX Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis Institutional Plan monitored Monitoring A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION Hiring of Local Project office monthly Review of records NIA/IA/LGU PHASE residents B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS Construction areas, and canal Ocular inspection can be Ocular inspection and IA/NiA/Contractor embankments done as often as sedimentation Analysis Earthworks, Land possible Development, infrastructure while sedimentation construction analysis can be done *(Land clearing & preparation, quarterly Equipment and vehicles, Entry/Exit of construction Water Quality Water bodies along downstream Prior to start and and Ocular observation Contractor/NIA/LGU vehicles) *TSS, chemical section of construction site and frequent observation analysis downstream portion of the system during actual development work Quarterly Sedimentation analysis/ Chemical analysis Air Quality Within the vicinity of the work Prior to operation: Gravimetric Method Contractor/NIA *Dust Pollution-Total area Suspended Weekly Particulate (TSP), Noise/ Within the vicinity of the work Quarterly Use of Extech Sound Level Contractor/NIA Vibration area Meter Flora and Fauna Within the vicinity of the work Monthly Ocular NlA/Contractor/lAs area and downstream water inspection/estimation bodies Solid Waste Along the irrigation canals and Twice a week Ocular estimation NlA/IAs/LGUs waterways, work area, workshop area Euroestudios S.L. 98 IEE Checklist fokatutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Impact Source Parameters to be Location Frequency of Method of Analysis Institutional Plan monitored Monitoring Socio-Economic Within the service area As often as needed Informal interviews Contractor/lAs/LGUs parameters C. OPERATION PHASE Soil Erosion, TSS, Along irrigation canals, and Quarterly Sedimentation IA/NIA (irrigation operation and Turbidity waterways Analysis/Ocular inspection maintenance, vehicles entering Soil Quality Per sampling site Yearly Chemical Analysis IA/LGUs/DA and exiting the system area Water Quality Intake of irrigation system, Quarterly Sedimentation /NIA/LGUs *TSS and chemical previously rehabilitated portions analysis/chemical analysis and downstream (tailend of the analysis/ocular inspection system) Extended sampling to detect Department of presence of heavy metals in the Health system due to offsite effects of mining outside the system Solid Waste Along irrigation canals within the Daily Ocular estimation lAs/LGUs- whole service area Environmental Within the project site Yearly Training Assessment and NIA capacity evaluation Socio-economic Project Site Yearly Key informants LGUs/NIA/IAs parameters interview/survey Euroestudios S.L. 99 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 MONITORING DURING THE PRE/CONSTRUCTION PHASES The monitoring of key environmental parameters is necessary to determine early occurrence of impacts that may be adverse to the environment and determination of possible mitigating measures to address the impacts. Regular monitoring should be undertaken for the following parameters. Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection within the construction sites. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system, complaints from the nearby residents and whether mitigation measures were applied and how effective. Water Quality Water quality parameters such as total suspended solids, chemicals from pesticides, oil and grease should be monitored along creeks and waterways during the construction phase of the project. The sampling sites should be relative to the location of the spoils/waste disposal and the storage area. Regular ocular monitoring should be done to check if toilet facilities are properly installed and utilized. Dust Generation Dust generated during construction could be very significant especially during the peak of construction activities and during the dry season. As such, the Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) in the air will be closely monitored using the Gravimetric Method for analysis. One station will be set up at the dustiest portion of the site where sampling will be undertaken. The starting time for sampling is preferably between 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM and should be on a dry season. Two samples will be undertaken from the sampling station: one-hour sample and one 24-hour sample. This is to provide the proponent with data and trends on the pollution levels brought about during the civil works and vehicular emissions from the exit/entry of construction vehicles. Noise Generation Despite its minimal impact to the environment, noise level will also be monitored during the construction phase. Observation points will be installed in areas closest to the sources of noise. For each noise observation point, one sampling will be conducted at daytime (9:OOAM to 6:00PM), nighttime (10:00PM to 5:00AM) and in the early morning (5:00AM to 9:00AM). Flora and Fauna Monitoring of flora and fauna is focused on whether construction activities will affect the existing vegetation and wildlife in the area and how these loss or damages can be mitigated on site during the construction activities. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the construction sites and irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Euroestudios S.L. 100 IEE Checklist for Batutu RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The contractor shall abide by the policies and procedures on solid waste management including collection schedule being promulgated by the respective Barangay and Municipal LGUs of Compostela Valley. Certain areas will be designated as collection sites where the wastes will be collected in specified collection bags, plastic bags or containers. Garbage storage bins should be provided by the contractor in strategic areas. Socio-Economic Parameters The socio-economic impacts in the form of local employment, vehicular traffic, potential conflicts to downstream users, income generation, stimulation of economic activity, and rise in medical costs need to be monitored to determine whether the expected impact to the socio-economic sector are being realized. OPERATION PHASE MONITORING Soil erosion The detection of early occurrence of soil erosion is undertaken through monitoring with a simple ocular inspection of the system area. Observation would focus on the presence of slides, scouring, erosion, or destruction of property along the area, disruption of water supply and irrigation and/river system as well as complaints from the nearby residents. Soil quality Soil quality will be monitored yearly at the end of two (2) cropping seasons to determine the . chemical/nutrient content of soil. This would determine the effect of fertilizer application and accumulation of chemicals in the soil. Water Quality Water quality will be monitored for its turbidity and its chemical contents to determine its sediment content and possible contamination by chemicals and other organisms. During the operation phase, it is expected that water quality is enhanced. Monitoring can be done through a combination of daily ocular inspection and quarterly sediment analysis and/or chemical analysis. Solid Wastes Solid wastes generation and disposal will be monitored through ocular inspection and estimation along the irrigation canals throughout the whole service area. Environmental Capacity The capacity of the lAs, NIA and LGU staff on environmental management and protection will be monitored through the conduct of yearly assessment and evaluation. Socio-Economic Parameters Parameters on income and other socio-economic impacts of the project shall be determined through a survey at the end of the year or through interviews with a sample of the lAs and . LGUs. Euroestudios S.L. 101 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) CHECKLIST For the PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE DUMMUN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM SECTION 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1.Project Name/Title: PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE DUMMUN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM 1.2. Proponent/Company: NIA -DUMMUN RIVER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Address : NIA-DRIS, Gattaran, Cagayan Tel/Fax # E-mail 1.3. Project Location: Gattaran, Cagayan (Attachment 1: Location Map) 1.4 Project Category: F% Rehabilitation of Existing System New Project I Expansion 1.5 Project Objectives: The overarching objectives of Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) are: e. to expand farmers' participation through irrigation management transfer f. to effect equitable water distribution through discharge regulation modernization g. to improve system performance through rehabilitation and improvement h. to strengthen NIA organization through rationalization plan adoption Specifically, the proposed improvement of the systems under PIDP includes the ff: a) Rehabilitation works of canal system b) Rehabilitation/construction of major structures c) Installation of measuring devices and Long Crested Weir (LCW) d) Improvement of road & connecting structures e) Improvement of drainage system 1.6 Project Cost I PhP 199,183,000 I The Estimated Project Cost and Total Investment Cost are computed as follows Euroestudios S.L. 102 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Project Component Estimated Cost A. Direct Cost: 1. Diversion Works 15,385,774 2. Project (O&M) Facilities 796,850 3. Canalization Works 75,092,179 4. Canal Structures, others 39,481,371 5. Roads System 13,376,826 6. Irrigation Modernization Structures 11,505,000 Total Irrigation Development 155,638,000 9. IA/LGU Capability Bldg. & Training 3,100,000 10. LGU Participation 660,000 11. O&M Equipment 139,000 12. Research & Training Equipment 341,000 13. Development Support 890,000 Total Direct Cost 160,768,000 B. Indirect Cost 38,415,000 TOTAL 199,183,000 1.7 Project Ownership: Type of Owners: Corporation S Single Proprietorship W EL] Partnership/Joint Venture Cooperative Others, pls specify: 1.8 List of Owners ( for partnership/ corporation) (Available upon request) 1.9 Letter of Authority from the corporation to apply ECC in their behalf. (Please attach cover letter) SECTION 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Area Coverage Total Service Area (hectares) 1,802 . 2.2 Land Ownership Ownership of the land by: * Virtue of OCT/ TCT #: * Stewardship of land by virtue of Euroestudios S.L. 103 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 * Lease of land by virtue of: * * Pending application for: * Others, please specify: Presidential Proclamation 2.3 General Land Classification D Public Land F Alienable and Disposable LII Private * Individual D * Corporation EL * Municipal/City/Province EL * Others LII 2.4 Existing Land Use Within: S * 50-200 Meter Radius Within this radius of the proposed rehabilitation works are irrigated rice lands with some stretches of residential areas, especially along the highway section INSET PICTURES (north-south, east-west aspects-sections) 2.5 Services The potential irrigable area is 2,302 hectares which include the extension area of about 500 hectares. At present the system has a firmed up service area of 1,802 hectares. The irrigated area is around 1,299 hectares and 1,013 hectares in the wet and dry crop seasons, respectively. The responsibility of NIA in the system operation is to divert irrigation water from the dam and deliver it to the main canal and laterals. At the turnout level, the farmers are responsible for the equitable distribution of water into the farm lots. The diverted discharges at the turnout level depend upon the turnout service area. 2.6 Facilities Euroestudios S.L. 104 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 The project facilities at completion were as follows: a. Intake (Permanent and Temporary ) 2 units b. Main Canal (Length) 20.408 km. c. Laterals (length) 35.74 km. d. Main Farm Ditches 43.98 km. e. Supplementary Farm Ditches 51.868 km. f. Main turn-outs 51 units g. Canal Structures 167 nits h. Drainage Structures 7 units i. Drainage Canals 24.245 km. 2.7 Water Resources and Infrastructure b. Demand The current system demand is placed at 4.43 CMS. With a divertible flow of more than 15 CMS. There remains a net surplus to support new irrigation b. Supply/Sources (river -watershed) Water Source Yes No Remarks The system Existing Public Water v draws from run- of-the river water to irrigate its service area Water Source Name of Water Location Distance Body From the System (km) 2. Creek 2. Spring 3. Stream Dummum river Capisayan Norte 4. River 5. Others, pls. Specify 2.8 Drainage System Type of Drainage Available: Euroestudios S.L. 105 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 e) Major Roads: g H Open Canal Closed/Underground m I drainage Li0 None Where does the drainage system drain? LII Public Drainage System [j] Natural Ouffall /Water Body LZ Open Space 2.9 Power Supply Source of Power: H Local Electric Cooperative CAELCO Z Own Generator W Others, Pls Specify_ 2.10 Solid Waste Disposal System * Collection System *- Association/Project-Maintained Garbage Collection System Z Integrated into the City/Municipal Garbage Collection System FI Others, Pls. Specify: * Will there be a waste sorting/segregation system to be employed prior to disposal? El YES LIZ NO * Disposal System Dg Burning at open dumpsite in the project site D Sludge Cleaning LI Landfill outside of the project site D Municipal/City Landfill Area Others, Pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 106 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 2.11 Manpower and Employment The Dummum River Irrigation System is under the supervision of an Irrigation Superintendent and core staff performing relevant duties in the system organization. The Irrigation Superintendent has the overall supervision for the operation and maintenance of the system. The Assistant Irrigation Superintendent heads the O&M section and the implementation of repair and rehabilitation works. He is assisted by the WRF Technician, Operator and WRF Tenders. The water distribution within the turnout service area is jointly supervised by the IA leaders and the WRF Technician and Tender. The IA leaders with the assistance of WRF Technician and WRF Tenders are responsible for implementing and monitoring the equitable water distribution in every turnout service area. The WRF Operator is responsible in opening and closing the intake gates per instruction from the system office. The distribution of water at the head gates is the responsibility of the WRF Technician. SECTION 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Physical Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 1. What is the general elevation of Generally, the area is the proposed project? spread on mostly even ground, The proposed <100 masl project lie between 100-300 100-300 masl masl 301-500 masl 501-1,000 masl 1,000-1,500 masl >1,500 masl 2. Slope and Topography of the Area (within 50 meter radius from Except for its elevated main center of site) canal sections, the - Terrain is flat (0-3 % slope) system's service area lie - Gently sloping to Undulating (3-8 on flat terrain % slope) - Undulating to rolling (8-18% slope) - Rolling to moderately Steep (18- 30% slope) - Steeply rolling (30-50%slope) - Very steep to Mountainous (<50% slope) Euroestudios S.L. 107 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 3.Are there areas in the site Except for some sections where there are possible v were canal embankments occurrence of soil erosion? have been scoured, there are no other sections which are at risk from soil ._ erosion 4. Has the area experienced any Recurring floods affect 4-5 flooding during the wet season or barangays and service typhoons? if yes, when was the areas of at least 500 last time the area was flooded? hectares. The swelling of What caused the flooding? the Dummum river and the backflow of the Cagayan river, retains flood water in the system to 3-4 days. Silted and narrowed natural waterways also aggravate the flooding situation. 5. Soil type of the area: Soil types prevalent in the { } sandy soil area are Carig Loam, Carig { } rocky adobe Clay Loam and Quinqua {} clay soil Clay Loam. { } sandy loam soil 6. Are there existing water bodies The irrigation system draws within 1.5 km. of the proposed its water supply solely from rehabilitation project e.g. creeks the Dummun River through or streams? an intake situated at Capissayan Norte, Gattaran, Cagayan. It is a tributary of the Cagayan River, which emanates from the Sierra Madre Mountain Ranges, winding its way along the length and breadth of the Municipality of Gattaran until it joins the Cagayan River at Barangay Dummun, Gattaran, Cagayan 7. What are the present uses of Some sections of the the water bodies within or near Dummun river are used the proposed rehabilitation site variously for bathing , washing and sometimes for { } bathing marginal fishing { @} washing { k} fishing { } source of drinking water { } recreation (swimming, boating, etc.) { } others: Euroestudios S.L. 108 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 8. Is there an access road going System service roads link to the project site? with barangay roads and the national highway to provide all weather access to residents 9. What is the existing land use The project area consists of of the area where the croplands devoted solely to rehabilitation will be undertaken? paddy production. There - Prime agricultural land are 2,326 farm operators (productive/ irrigated) farming a total land area of - Prime agricultural land 1,802 hectares. Average (idle/abandoned) farm size is about 0.99 - Grassland hectare - Built-up(abandoned) - Orchard - Marsh/Mangrove/Swamp - Fishpond Others, pls. Specify 10. Does the site conform with the The project conforms with approved land use plan of the the approved CLUP of the municipality? municipality of Gattaran 11. Indicate the present land-use The present land use in the within: service area is 50 meter radius predominantly agriculture. The farming system is 100 meter radius attributed to the local climate that contributed to 200 meter radius the existing land utilization types. 12. Are there existing structures or developments around the project site? if yes, please list them in the opposite space 3.2 Biological Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks Being almost entirely composed 1. Are there existing trees and of cultivated agricultural lands, other types of vegetation in the there are no trees within the site? if yes, please provide immediate vicinity of the system examples rehabilitation area 2. Are there birds and other The ricefields are occasionally forms of wildlife found in the used as feeding area of the area? Please provide examples. migratory Philippine Heron Euroestudios S.L. 109 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 3. Are there fishery resources in There are free ranging, non the water bodies found near or cultured stocks of tilapia, caffish, within the site? Please provide etc. in the river system. examples. 4. Is the site near or within a The Dummun River intake is watershed or forest reservation linked to the upland forest in the area? If near, how many km. or north western part of the m.. If within, indicate name of Northern Sierra Madre Nature the watershed or forest Park reservation area. 5. Is the proposed project adjacent to a natural ecosystem? At the downstream, the system is connected to the logged over - Forest forestland areas of the Sierra - Coastal/ Marine Madre, which are now - Grassland extensively cultivated to corn - Mangrove - Agriculture - Lake & River Ecosystem 3.3 Socio-Economic Environment Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks 4. Are there existing settlements There are no cases of in the proposed rehabilitation informal settlements directly project that would be affected? v linked to the canal system If yes, indicate the number of - Households/Families - Legitimate Landowners - Tenants - Squatters 2. What is the total population of The aggregate population the barangay where the project from the 17 barangays will be located? served by the system in the municipality of Gattaraan is estimated at 60,210 (NSO, 2000).. The total number of farm households is aboutl 2,253; of which 10,018 (82%) are directly involved in farming and the remaining 18% are landless. The population density is estimated at 14.46 persons Euroestudios S.L. 110 IEE Checklist for Dummun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Components/ Parameters Yes No Remarks per hectare within the service area and the population is increasing at the rate of 1.6% per annum. 3. Average family size: five members per household 6. What are their source(s) of Farming is the single most Livelihood? important livelihood activity, - Farming supplemented by backyard - Fishing poultry and piggery while - Backyard poultry and others close to the coastline piggery are engaged in fishing - Vending/buy and sell - Sari-sari store - Factory Employees - Gov't/Private/Non-Gov't Institutions - Dressmaking - Carpentry - Pedicab Operators 5. Are there other existing local The Dummun Irrigation organizations in the area? System beneficiaries are organized into Irrigator Associations with a standing membership of 1,610 farmers distributed into different turn-outs across 19 Barangays. 6. Are there existing social The residents of the infrastructures/services in the barangays served by the barangay? system have access to a good road network that leads - Schools to various services available - Communications at the town center. - Health centers/clinics - Hospitals - Roads - Others, pls. Specify: Euroestudios S.L. 111 IEE Checklist for Dnun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 SECTION 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 4.1 MATRIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration A. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Feasibility Study and design Socio- Local employment Positive Significant Short Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents Economic opportunities generated term B. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Direct Impacts Construction activities for site Physical Excavation and Negative Insignificant Short Effective drainage systems and silt traps and sand dev't., and other facilities (site earthmoving will alter term bagging in civil work areas; proper disposal of spoils, clearing, mobilization of topography, disturb soil schedule earthwork activities during dry season; equipment and labor forces, surface, increase erosion immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; excavation, establishment of rates and increase siltation proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from temporary quarters and rates in canals/ rivers. drainage routes; spoils generated from civil works be facilities, earthworks, and other disposed as filling materials civil works) Potential increase in Negative Insignificant Short control flow of sediments from civil work areas by turbidity in surface water term drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps Water quality problems for Negative Insignificant Short Monitor irrigation water quality downstream users term Potential contamination of Negative Insignificant Short Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of surface and groundwater Term oil; set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the with oil and grease and/or construction area and properly dispose the generated from construction and solid wastes; set up proper and adequate toilet facilities; human wastes strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation Increase in TSP Negative Significant Short Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed concentrations in civil work term soils/ground during dry days; set maximum speed limits areas and access roads to vehicles passing through populated areas; wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions Euroestudios S.L. 112 IEE Checklist for * un RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in noise levels Negative Insignificant Short use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from term construction equipment, maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area; proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles. Biological Loss of/damage to Negative Insignificant Long Limit land clearing as much as possible; provide vegetation tem temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained; erm use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants; re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and ornamental plants Disturbance or loss of Negative Insignificant Long Schedule noisy construction activities during day time; wildlife due to noise and term undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use other construction activities mufflers; proper disposal of construction wastes Indirect Impacts Socio- Increase in vehicular traffic Negative Insignificant Short Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume; Strict Economic and possible congestion term enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Potential conflicts in water Negative Insignificant Short Forge an agreement on water distribution; adherence to distribution for downstream term schedule of water supply users Temporary disruption in Negative Insignificant Short Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when irrigation water supply term water is not needed Increased income due to Positive Significant Short Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring generation of local labor term employment; influx of workers/migrants Stimulate local economy Positive Significant Short Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring term Euroestudios S.L. 113 IEE Checklist for Dmun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Increase in waste Negative Insignificant Short Proper waste disposal generation term Possible rise in medical Negative Insignificant Short Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by costs due to increase in air, term erosion control; Provide ear plugs and masks to workers water and noise pollution when warranted; Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed. C. OPERATION PHASE Irrigation system operation and maintenance Physical Reduced soil erosion Positive Significant Long Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper term engineering design, Monitor sediment content of water; control of carabao wallowing in canals Reduced siltation Positive Significant Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water; term maintenance of canals and diversion structures Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage Reduced flooding Positive term canals and waterways Significant Long Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage Reduced water seepage Positive term canals and waterways Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; Enhanced soil quality Positive Significant term regular monitoring of soil quality Long Monitor regularly sediment content of water Enhanced water quality with Positive Significant term the decrease in turbidity. Reduced potential for water Positive Significant Long Adoption of organic fertilizer use and IPM technology; contamination with agro- term regular water chemical analysis chemicals Euroestudios S.L. 114 IEE Checklist for D nun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Activities Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation/Enhancement Measures Area Impact Description Nature Magnitude Duration Positive Significant Long Proper maintenance of canals Socio- Increased income due to term Economic enhance irrigation efficiency Increased environmental Positive Significant Long Conduct a capacity building and training program on management capacity term environmental management through enhanced knowledge and skills. Enhanced health condition Positive Significant Long Regular cleaning and maintenance of irrigation canals with increased water quality. term through desilting.and removal of wastes and debris Aesthetics Improved aesthetic appeal Pote S f t Long Regular cleaning of canals of wastes and debris and Improf the irrigation system ositiv ignican term planting of omamental plants & trees Euroestudios S.L. 115 IEE Checklist for D 9 mun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 4.2 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION Predicted Impacts Predited IpactsImpacts'* Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures +/- D/In US Rl A. Pre-Construction ands Construction Phase of the Project Al. Generation of employment + I S I * Hiring priority shall be given to qualified local residents A2. Excavation and earthmoving will alter topography, disturb soil surface, D S R * Effective drainage systems and silt traps/ponds and sand increase erosion rates and increase siltation rates in canals/ rivers. bagging in civil work areas; * proper disposal of spoils, * schedule earthwork activities during dry season; * immediate stabilization of exposed surfaces and slopes; * Proper stockpiling of spoils (on flat areas and away from drainage routes * Spoils generated from civil works be disposed as filling materials A3. Potential increase in turbidity in surface water - D S R * control flow of sediments from civil work areas by drainage canals, sandbagging and silt traps A4. Water quality problems for downstream users - I S R * Monitor irrigation water quality A5. Potential contamination of surface and groundwater with oil and grease - D S R * Proper handling of fuel and lubricants and disposal of oil and/or construction and human waste * Set-up temporary disposal mechanism within the construction area and properiy dispose the generated solid wastes. * Set up proper and adequate toilet facilities * Strictly require the contractor and its workers to observe proper waste disposal and proper sanitation A6. Increase in TSP concentrations in civil work areas and access roads D S R * Sprinkle water over access roads/or exposed soils/ground during dry days; * set maximum speed limits to vehicles passing through populated areas; * wash mud from wheels of vehicles before entering paved roads, * cover truck loads containing fine materials to prevent fugitive emissions A7. Increase in noise levels D S R * use silencers to control excessive noise emissions from construction equipment, * maintain vehicle mufflers and set speed limits in populated area * Proper maintenance of equipment and vehicles Euroestudios S.L. 116 IEE Checklist for D 9 mun RIS PIDP EA Report, November 2006 Predicted Impacts Significance of Mitigating/Enhancement Measures Impacts" +/ D/ln L/S R/u A8. Loss of/damage to vegetation due to land clearing and other D S R * Limit land clearing as much as possible construction activities * Provide temporary fencing to vegetation that will be retained * Use of markers and fences to direct heavy equipment traffic in the construction site and avoid damage to plants * Re-plant/ plant indigenous tree species and omamental plants A9. Disturbance or loss of wildlife within the influence area due to noise - D S R * Schedule noisy construction activities during day time and other construction activities * Undertake proper maintenance of equipment and use mufflers * Proper disposal of construction wastes A10. Increased traffic and possible congestion - I S R * Schedule deliveries during low traffic volume * Strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations Al 1. Potential conflicts in water distribution for downstream users - I S R * Forge an agreement among users on water distribution; * adherence to schedule of water supply A12. Temporary disruption in irrigation water supply I S R * Schedule rehabilitation works during harvesting when water is not needed Al 3. Increased income due to generation of local labor employment; influx + I S I * Give priority to local workers/lAs in hiring of workers/migrants A14. Stimulate local economy + I S I * Priority to local workers/lAs in hiring A15. Increase in waste generation - I S R * Proper waste disposal A16. Possible rise in medical costs due to increase in air, water and noise - I S R * Minimize siltation and surface water contamination by erosion pollution control; * Provide ear plugs and masks to workers when warranted; * Schedule jobs so that rest and sleep periods of the community is not disturbed B. Operation Phase of the Project Bi. Reduced soil erosion + D L I * Provide drainage and discharge facilities with proper engineering design * Monitor sediment content of water * Control of carabao wallowing in canals B2. Reduced siltation + D L I * Monitor regularly sediment content of water * Maintenance of canals and diversion structures B3. Reduced flooding + D L I * Regular desilting and cleaning of canals, drainage canals and waterways Euroestudios S.L. 117 41 (uz PIDP F/Y 5; 8t t - X '41 § §ji i ^ ik ^N t 4 a,o i, ^' w'-s A,-A-tf iA^ %' ''- Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) Annex 4 GENDER MAINSTREAMING FRAMEWORK PLAN FOR PIDP 1. Background An understanding of gender issues in the irrigation sector is a key precursor to gender - responsive design for the PIDP. Removing barriers to gender in productivity- boosting and poverty- reducing- project interventions is key to achieving improved project performance and quality of outcomes. The mainstreaming of gender into the PIDP will have to be actualized through concrete operational support, that includes training, to strengthen and expand gender and development content in NIA operations; creation and dissemination of adaptable tools and good practices and building capacity of the lAs in downstream adoption of Gender and Development practices 1.1 GAD Efforts Under IOSP II The first Agency effort to address Gender Consideration was the conduct of a Gender and Development (GAD) cum Gender Responsive Planning (GRP) Seminar for IOSP II and WRDP Implementors in July 1998. It was participated by 17 men and 21 women from the Central and Regional Offices. Those coming from the central office were members of the IOSP II PMO, Systems Management Department and Institutional Department Area Monitors and some staff from the WRDP PMO. Representing the regions were the IDD managers of Regions where IOSP 11 Systems Improvement were being implemented. The second stage of these GAD efforts is the Training of Trainors on Gender Responsive Planning (GRP) for Regional and Field IOSP Il-SI implementers covering 18 national * irrigation systems... Two batches of this training were successfully conducted in October of the same year. There were a total of 71 participants coming from Regions 1, 2, 4, 5, 7/8, 12, MRIIS and Central Office. Action Plans were developed for each system by the participants and several Irrigators Associations have undergone basic Gender and Development and Gender Responsive Planning training. However, monitoring the progress of the plans were not effectively undertaken by the implementers with the absence of the World Bank Gender Specialist in its subsequent mission visits who was advocating its inclusion in the project's implementation. Another reach of IOSP II on gender considerations is a Facilitator's Manual on Women's Participation in IA Activities. The manual was distributed nation wide by the Agency thru the Regional IDDs. However, maybe because the GAD Framework was a new concept, and will incur cost to implement the mainstreaming efforts thru IOSP II did not prosper to a wider and deeper level of influence in the NIA. 1.2 GAD Efforts Under WRDP Continuing with the gender mainstreaming initiatives during IOSP II, the WRDP, thru its' systems improvement subcomponent had developed a more systematic approach in the integration of GAD in the Project operations. A Project GAD Plan was also finalized and adopted. During the implementation period of WRDP, several Gender Sensitivity cum Gender and Development Trainings were provided to Project staff's 14 men and 13 women, both at the PMO and systems' level as well as to the 63 women and 31 men IA members. Project documents were also sex-disaggregated. The NEDA's more proactive stance to GAD thru the development of a Harmonized Gender and Development Guidelines for Project Development, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation Manual has proven to be most useful to encouraging the WRDP implementers in their gender consideration compliances. =.,,ncK2.HncbC 1I Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) 2. Gaps in the Implementation of GAD: What remains to be done at the Intermediate and Field Levels While the Agency has a GAD Focal System, its mainstreaming efforts thru the four (4) Entry Points to Gender Mainstreaming namely Policy; People, Enabling Mechanisms, and Programs, Projects, Activities, have been limited due to budgetary constraints. Locating the gender mainstreaming effort of the NIA using the Stages of Gender Mainstreaming ( NCRFW,2001)', will reveal that it remains to be in Stage 1 or Foundation Formation thru heightened agency gender awareness. IOSP II and WRDP efforts were very instrumental on this respect. With the PIDP requirement on gender and social diversity, it is hoped that the mainstreaming efforts of the project will permeate to the Agency as well and will push it on a higher Stage of Gender mainstreaming. 3. PIDP Gender Analysis 3.1 Gender Profile of Sample Systems Under PIDP The systematic inclusion of women in development projects is propelled by the underlying fact that development projects like irrigation development differentially affects men and women. The very low participation of women farmers in irrigation development is very glaring at being below 20% of the total IA membership. This is reflected in Table 1 below. There seems to be a geographic pattem also in that lAs in northern Luzon, as represented by Mallig RIS has lower women IA membership than those lAs in the Lupon IS which is located in Mindanao. However, in terms of tenurial status, the Luzon women IA members are owners of the land they till compared to their counterpart women members in Mindanao * where there are more tillers. 3.2 Gender Responsiveness of PIDP Documents Assessment of the Overall Feasibility Report of PIDP-1 showed its gender blindness in terms of its project goal statement, objectives, overall project implementation strategy. There is also a dearth of sex-disaggregated data. 3.3 PIDP Gender Mainstreaming Framework 3.3.1 .Principles 3.3.1.1. Address questions about gender disparities in tasks, rights and resources and their development consequences 3.3.1.2. Active removal of obstacles to labor and economic productivity and allocative efficiency 3.3.1.3. Both Men and women benefit from changes and policies and such changes are incorporated in policy instruments in the IMT 3.3.1.4. Project design is oriented towards meting different needs and constraints faced by males and females in order to ensure that productivity of both is increased ' Applying the Tool to Assess Gender Mainstreaming Book 2, NCRFW. 2001 ,v rrn c'f, ,,lir e C I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) 3.3.2. Process 3.3.2.1. Continuing institutional analysis to determine gaps and opportunities for gender mainstreaming in policies, programs, projects and activities 3.3.2.2. Continuing Participatory assessments to gain understanding on gender differences in opportunities and access to resources 3.3.2.3. Gender sensitivity audit to install gender accountability in project objectives, procedures and outcomes The business of gender mainstreaming requires that NIA must align its resources to support training, design and dissemination of operational tools and building capacity of lAs and partner organizations , rfn (4, ,rhr, c' CZ 1I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) Table 1. Profile of Women Participation in Irrigation Activities .T -Women co I..Land a n Tenure a aE E Status a) a) o S A Lat D 22 314 75 23.88 310 74 23.87 54 21 -Lat B 18 205 32 15.61 187 31 16.57 25 7 Lat 3 28 3 10.71 28 3 10.71 3 0 B1 Lat B2 3 27 4 14.81 25 3 12.0 2 2 Total 48 588 114 19.38 550 ill 20.18 86 30 *Div B Main Canal IA MCL 22 76 22 7.97 261 310 7 7.66 17 25 Pumps 10 41 3 7.32 41 |3 |7.32 |3 |0 Total 39 317 25 302 1 23 7.62 2 5 | i Patubigayan [A LatA 3 5 266 28 10.521 266 28 10.52 25 3 | |Lat Al 7 |61 |5 |8.19 |61 |5 |8.19 |3 |2 Total 22 327 33 10.09 327 33 10.09 28 5 B M Jose Sur IA San LatLC 8 80 4 17.5 80 4 17.5 11 |3 pLatsC 7 50 3 76.0 50 3 76.0 3 10 Total 15 130 27 13.07 130 17 13.07 14 |3 System Total 122 362 1893 10.0 [32 384 14.05 148 43 Lupon IS J I Pilot IA *Div B RMC 18 620 154 24.83 393 94 23.92 55 99 Lat D 6 157 50 31.84 97 30 30.93 29 21 | |Total Div |24 |777 |204 |26.25 |490 |124 |25.30 |84 |120| Luo IS I~~~io IA I I 1 1 |*Div |Lat C | 18 347 |84 |24.21 |111 |22 |19.82 41 43 |C | Lat Cl 19 |335 |62 |18.51 |62 |14 |22.58 |31 |31 | LatC2 3 105 20 17 1 47 813 17.02 18 12 S Total 12i 13.787 |166 21.09 220 44 120.00 180 86 System Total D 64 777 3704 23.66 710 168 23.99 164 206 AitrnmefflltSinc. Q I A Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PiDP) 3.4 PIDP Gender Mainstreaming Plan To address these gender gaps, a gender mainstreaming plan is being proposed to be implemented during the project cycle through a gender-responsive NIA /project management. (Table 1). Its three objectives represent mainstreaming entry points in policies, programs, mechanisms and people. These are: Objective 1: To integrate GAD objectives/values of equality, equity and empowerment in the policy-level both of the Agency and the project; Objective 2: To establish and institutionalize gender mainstreaming mechanisms inside and outside the project management, and Objective 3: To develop a gender-responsive workforce and clientele. Table 2. The Gender Mainstreamina Plan Objective | Target Activities I Implementation Schedule Objective 1 1.1 Develop a Protocol for gender ls year Detailed Engineering awareness/sensitivity of Project/NIA Phase management and workforce through participatory workshop 1.2 Review and re-statement of project -do- documents to be more gender responsive in terms of goals, outcomes and outputs 1.3 Conduct of gender analysis for -do identification of gender roles and gender issues ( e.g. access and control of resources and benefits; constraints) in irrigated agriculture and inclusion of the same during p_oject design 1.4 implement project interventions 2 n" year incorporating gender considerations in their design Objective 2 2.1 Establishment of a project GAD Focal ist year Detailed Engineering Point System that will coordinate with the Phase Agency GAD focal point system 2.2 Installation of a gender-responsive Starting from 2n' year until end data-collection system and generate sex- of project disaggregated data of project implementers and project beneficiaries 2.3 Integration of a GAD Framework in the 15' year Detailed Engineering overall project implementation scheme Phase 2.4 Develop a Gender-based Social Starting 2 nd year Marketing Plan to sensitize the general public through advocacy materials (streamers, banners, posters) Objective 3 3.1 Undertake KAP (Knowledge- Starting second year with IDP Attitudes-Practices) analysis and initiate activities gender building activities for the lAs Based on Box 10. GAD Checklist for designing and evaluating infrastructure projects. NEDA Harmonized Gender and Development Guidelines for Project Development. Implementation, M&E. 2004. i"rno oh ,rin chC I R Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) Objective Target Activities Implementation Schedule 3.2 Assist lAs in developing gender Starting second year responsive plans for a more gender sensitive IA operations 3.3 Develop and implement gender 3rd year-end of project sensitive indicators and M/E system to ensure gender equality outcomes and outputs For partner LGUs, gender mainstreaming should now be a part of their programs specifically their MTPDP 2004-2010 in response to the DILG MC 2004-152 or "Guide to LGUs in Localizing Millennium Development Goals (MDG) " where goal #3 is on the promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women. If LGU partners however have not reached this stage, they will be provided with the same activities indicated in the mainstreaming plan for the NIA and the IA to level-off awareness and skills in translating the cognitive into affective plans. Gender mainstreaming does not end with having women as participants to trainings or consultation activities or as listed beneficiaries of a development project or members of the agency workforce. Women, either as implementers or clientele, should be included in various phases of the program specifically in decision making, control of resources and ownership of the program. It involves stages of personal deconstructions among the men and women, institutional reforms and policy adjustments of the implementing agency reallocation of resources at all levels of project implementers and clientele. .0 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) Attachment 1- locadon map Region 11 CORE - A NISs UNDER THE APL-1 OF PIDP Core A 1. BanurburRIS - 1,838 St. Teresita, Cagayan Regioni i CoreA 2. Dumnmn RIS - 1,802 1. Upper ChicoRIS -15,258 Gtaran, Cagayan Tabuk, KaiMga h .) 3 Maig RIS - 2,427 Maflig, Isabela ;4. 'C( NV-Bagabag RIS - 2,022 - .'CAR Sobno, Nueva Vzcaya , 5. Visitacion IS - 1A0S Sta.Ana, Cagayan in 6. Pinacanauan RIS - 880 PetIablanca, Cagayan 7. Zinundunga RIS - 2,045 Lasam, Cagayan 8. ApayfO-Abutog RIS- 10,794 - - - (EastSide) NCR Pudtol,Apayao 81 .Regon v ; *Core A Region 'v 1. THIRIS - 3,542 Core A -Caiabanga, Camarines Sur 1. Agos RIS - 1A35 -vAS -- .. . n.!. "----- Region X Core A 1. Maranding RIS - 4,926 Sapad, Lanac del Norte ARMM 11 Re.jionxi Core A 1. Lupon RIS - 2,450 -- -- -Lupon, Davao Oriental I -i' 1 * 2. Bkut RlS - 3,269 Conpostela. Conpostea Valley =,,ronaeh,,4in, C 1 7 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 4 Gender Mainstreaming Framework Plan (PIDP) Attahent 2 CORE- B NISS UNDERTHEAPL-1 OF PD 1.San Patio Cabaw IS - 1,273 1.gPunlp#1 - 157 Sa Pailo,Iabda Swa, hocS Norte Z Tunatri IS -615 2 Ebn Punp#2 - 531 Turi, lbsa Sa MdW.A boe Note - a magi RS -9C4 3.ewop Punp#3 201 allo, Can LaoaCaty,loaosN Norte , 4SolanaRS 3657 4Cura - 550 / - Sdoano,Cagn Cia,lwNorte S. LOW Chico RS - 1,856 > ,ci Tuai Cqn p Reqo 0 & Bua RS - 1.86 GReZag, Cagayan 1. A hmagA s -2RS X .A,M llMIRS -Z30 SanRadW, BubIat 19\ Caay ZCariiglRS - 4293 & &uaBo -Z067 Canilng,Talac B Cgyay 1. Ds,dt1(Rabmau% I=Wd 21,797 iI qeq Z (at 2 OITbsabda 23,241 f. ,d>'cta 33 ndmd3 Utalhgao - 21442 - .- ................ .4 dd4(MifnsoLUda,Ifuo) - 19ES0 1.Contingas - 256 NCR ' ' - siLt 4 So FanaKdo, Rairton Z StaIbir - 1,T73 >' ,,- ShL Mda, law < 1. 1 j> , gdoRS - 307 a Baoo4lucaWo RS 8,037 Labo,CwnsinesNort CalWa ChintOMndom ,-,2. Bait Z 2262 Sn Banaai RS 1,071 ;. zal, Ondoro Ocidm tw W PVUF4W Lat -202 ,,,,o 5.DnRIS 1,410 -1,005 Stt Cnu, llAndar OKidemtal gf, ==.. 11. Jalaur(Propr)RS - 8W62 iegs \1 &vll .- -- > t-Dignde Pcotdi 1.EBto(Omnoc Cty, LvAe) 1,917 , M g Z SblrnTll 'n Z020 I Tb k(SW.F6Le,yte) -1,630. - -:- . ,1. naanNorth -1,60 M , Putrana, Loyle iL 6 LoBar a - 1,250 1,D T3o*-Tdon, Leyte 7.GLinau / Lyt*) - 646 iagai e DLg* nPuraun, LntZ 80 &BOto(JvA4r, Lete) .1,4t1 , 10. M ong4bam LeyteZ- 1,400 11.PongboRIlS(n,Leyte). B0 o 1.DipooIS - 0 TA DaingM Zantoatga dl Sur 1.Mlag - 32.2 1.IwxatKuyaS 11 ,011 U12 North CI, Mvanu Bulddnon 2 Maa2ila 11'lang, NoMth Cotabato) -4,06 40 -1Andanan RS - 3551 "'BayQmn, A dnA&u ,rno ,r.f. Hic CI .A (tti-d. JtAlLcq,,ctt U(t cuix/t' (1,11 xesddet,nte 94411 (LARP) AIiti.V -W. , N- :1X : 4 ' , ' ; ..X i A a Sli,'W1 0l z -3jLpL Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) ANNEX 5 RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK PLAN (RPF) PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION IRRIGATON PROJECT (PIDP) r1 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ......................................................................... List of Figures ......................................................................... Section 1: Introduction ..................................................... A. Rationale of the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) B. The Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) C. Resettlement Principles and Objectives of the PiDP Section 2: Definition of Terms A. Definition of Terms B. Resettlement Activities and Civil Works Implementation C. Resettlement Categories D. PAPs Categories Section 3: Legal Enactments where the PIDP Resettlement is Based A. World Bank Resettlement Framework B. GOP Laws Relevant to Resettlement Section 4: Compensation A. Eligibility Criteria B. Resettlement Entitlements C. Actual Project Entitlements D. Rehabilitation E. Public Participation in Property Valuation Section 5: Baseline Data Generation A. Process of PAPs Identification and Inventory of Affected Properties B. Socio-Economic Survey C. Process of Identification of Replacement Land D. Process of Resettlement Plan Preparation and Its Approval Section 6: Complaints and Grievance Mechanism Section 7: Stakeholders Participation and Disclosure Mechanism Section 8: Implementation and Institutional Arrangements A. Organizational Structure, Roles and Responsibilities B. Institutional Linkages C. Flow of Funds Section 9: Monitoring and Evaluation A. Intemal Monitoring B. Extemal Monitoring Social Assessment Report (SA). November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) List of Tables Estimate Number of PAPs/PAFs and Resettlement Issues Tabie 2 WB Operationai Policy on iR to cover PiDP (as of April 2004) Table 3 Eligibility for Benefits and Entitlements Table 4 Type of Resettlement Entitlements Table 5 Indicative Land Acquisition and Resettlement implementation Pian (LA RiP) List of Figures Figure 1 Implementation and Institutional Arrangements for RAP AIctivities Figure 2 LARP Implementation Flow Chart Appendices Appendix 1 WB Policy on Informal Settlements (IR) Appendix 2 Executive Order 1035, Series of 1985 F, r,-, ef, ,riir v C~1 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR THE PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (PIDP) This resettlement policy framework aims to: 1) clarify resettlement principles; 2) organizational arrangements, and; 3) design criteria to be applied to subprojects to be prepared during project implementation. Section 1- Introduction A. Rationale for the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) Previous experiences by the World Bank (WB Bank Procedures 4.12.Dec 2001) on unmitigated involuntary resettlement as a an outcome of development projects have b -n o ted" to result to having production systems dismantled; affected people or families who ioose their productive assets or income sources race m, worse, people are relocated to new environments where their social surDor S v'5 ti, may no longer be accessible, their produc-tive skills may be less ap' comoetition for resources areater: community institutions and social nIVVU I IS For PIDP, the rationale for a RPF is du e to the fAct that while there uill not he An - suDstantial iana tnat wiii be acquired for the rehabilitation of tne suopro!ecr r ,rn nn^-in v.,kn -- n','2 ne*.'is-ekr +1-,r +arr,4.nr,ne -- A4 r n5 +c'r4 #4., open areas (easements) around tne imaation canal neNtor-Q e lidl I I fhese [HlifU3idi I ed ul ea-dufi - .a9I J .iJ JUUJ:. l ---- . Izndii C I 2, if-if-iixi "if iifu - I r* i.jiu , P Iuee iK kow-. tv iiave IadU invasive ariu Udisuutive uresencte as uie Lucn ri § nnn ewel!and comme.rc!a esta-ilsnmen. AnA,A 'I nm.Int' s nedsrLfr np -. pt!v A -T.l presence c.- F+'t'Per'c wi+hin lwi the c-anai easem is ca-uin. o ' bjtc eer IA, -' are 24.rp t ieast frOur %.o-re A^ Syc.-Str vwhere r ases o% infnrmpl sep~tt'emerts rnnvy h-toedc4ressed foIire'A,ino felwv and areient nrocedures- B. Thne TarrIiipatory irrination Development Prniert the aovernmenL ,or rriaation manaaement and deveiooment in the FrPilippines Giver the complexity and the web of factors that have barred workable solutions in the paSt, Ui . e s..e.-... F F. . . . -. es..- a. :- a e - Lo addruliess wea'k aspects ot corporate management ana program pen'ormance. The r'ILz3 s to provide tne INIA Witf support for a compreh,ensive anid step-wise piai Lees . -. - --- 3ims to silnpnd ihh goei -It n1VarrnmPit to aicneve s;it.,raoipi U...:. - rural setor tbh,rouahi aaricutural, m-odernization and com petitiveness ot ac 4-b -ntrer -s The nati^onp! o;rnmentr o rigntion services throu*h the Na+ion.a1 Irigatiorr Administratior wAIhose -rog rams have for the past four decades 'A4-.,'uk4~AllA ;A k '- r4.ApJnlg int-nts i in r,ce I. . Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) The government places high priority to the development of the rice industry in the Philippines. Under the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan for 2004-2010, government adopted agribusiness development as a major strategy whose goals include "...mak(ing) food plentiful at competitive prices where the cost of priority "wage goods" such as rice, sugar, vegetables, poultry, pork and fish and other important non-wage goods like corn must be reduced. This also means that government will continue to fight for self-sufficiency in rice production by increasing price and production efficiency and competitiveness." C. Resettlement Objectives and Principles of PIDP Following the World Bank's Resettlement Policy1 , the underlying principle of the PIDP Resettlement Policy Framework is to ensure all Project Affected Peoples (PAPs)/ Project Affected Families (PAFs) share in Project benefits, and are compensated and rehabilitated to assist them to improve or at least maintain their living conditions and income earning capacity at pre-project levels. In addition to direct compensation for loss of property and livelihoods, special measures shall be undertaken to rehabilitate SPAFs and ensure that their living standards are improved or at least maintained at pre-project levels. This RPF have adopted the principles in WB OD 4.30 and WB OP on Involuntary Resettlement Revised in April 2004 and EO 1035 of the Philippines. It also took cognizance and built on the Water Resources Development Project Resettlement Policy Framework with modifications specifically strengthening gaps in the classification of PAPs and in some implementation processes. Moreover, the principles and resettlement measures stemming herein will be applicable to all sub- projects of the PIDP and will require the preparation of a subproject specific Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). These principles of resettlement include the following: 1. Resettlement and land acquisition will be minimized as much as possible. Where land acquisition is unavoidable, the project will be designed to minimize adverse impact on the poorest (those with landholding less than 1 ha) and most vulnerable groups (women headed households; physically challenged PAP; Indigenous peoples) 2. PAPs will be compensated, relocated and rehabilitated, if required so as to improve their standard of living, income eaming capacity and production capacity, or at least to restore their living standard to pre-project levels; 3. All PAPs residing in or cultivating land or having rights over resources within the project area as of the date of the census survey or agreed cut-off date are entitled to compensation for their losses, income rehabilitation and/or relocation measures. The lack of legal rights or tenurial instruments to the assets ( land. crops, trees, structures) taken for the project will not be a hindrance for the PAP to receive compensation. 4. Particular attention is paid to the needs of vulnerable groups among those displaced, especially those below the poverty line, the landless, the elderly, women and children, indigenous peoples,'5 ethnic minorities, or other displaced 1 WORLD BANK TECHNICAL PAPER NUMBER 80, Involuntary Resettlement in Development Projects Policy Guidelines in World Bank-Financed Projects, Michael M. Cemea 1988); World Bank Operational Policies on Involuntary Resettlement revised in April 2004. F,,rocac,s ,t,in c' c I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) persons who may not be protected through national land compensation legislation 5. Any agrarian reform related unresolved issues or/and previous claims arising under RA 3844, RA 6389, RA 6657 and EO No. 228 will have to be resolved first with applicable GOP Laws and regulations before any new land acquisition measures are initiated in PIDP subprojects 6. In case relocation of PAPs will be required, RA 8974 and NIA MC 12, s.2002 will be followed in the selection of the relocation site. 7. Prior to expected start-up date of civil works in the respective subprojects, the PAPs would have been compensated, and if relocation is necessary, their resettlement site developed including the provision of lost community resources, and the PAPs relocated accordingly. 8. The subproject RAPs will be developed thru the participation of all stakeholders, most especially the PAPs at all phases of project cycle and the same will be endorsed by them before its implementation 9. The Executing Agency (EA) will ensure that financial and physical resources for resettlement and rehabilitation will be made available in the right amount at the right time. 10. To avoid influx of speculators, a cut-off date shall be set as a determinant of eligibility for inclusion in the RAP. This is usually set after the conduct of socio economic & parcellary surveys of the PAPs. 11. The will be an internal and external monitoring mechanism that will be set-up on the implementation of the resettlement measures. An independent agency will be contracted to do the external monitoring activities to avoid bias. Section 2.0 - Definition of Terms A. Definition of Terms The terms used in this document are defined as follows: 1. Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) refers to the present document which will be the overall policy guidelines for the development and implementation of all Resettlement Action Plans for all PIDP subprojects. 2. "Resettlement" means all the measures taken to mitigate any and all adverse impact of the project on PAPs/PAFs property and/or livelihoods including compensations, relocations (where relevant) and rehabilitation 3. Project Affected People (PAP/s) include any person or persons who on account of the execution of the Project, or any of its components or subprojects or parts thereof, would have their: i. right, title, interest in any house, land,(including residential, agricultural and grazing land) or any other fixed or movable asset, acquired or possessed in full or in part, permanently or temporarily ii. business, occupation, work, place of residence or habitat adversely affected or; iii. standard of living adversely affected; =wrnctlHn I la8 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) This definition covers only the current owners/cultivators and/or occupants of the land or property adversely affected by the land acquisition of the PIDP, and not its previous owners/occupants. 4. "PAF" means Project Affected Families and consists of all members of a household residing under one roof and operating as a single economic unit who are adversely affected by the Project, or any of its components. For resettlement purposes, project affectees will be dealt with as members of PAFs 5. Severely Project Affected Family or "SPAF" is a PAF whose house is totally or partially acquired under eminent domain, rendering it not habitable; or from whom acquisition of agricultural land exceeds 20% of the PAFs' total land holdings or 10% for PAFs' with a total land holding less than 1.0 ha. In determining the number of SPAFs, each affected house and land will be treated severally, meaning, each house will be equivalent as one SPAF. 6. "Compensation " means payment in cash or in kind of the replacement value of the acquired property or property under right-of way easement or other considerations that may provided to the PAPs in lieu of payments (e.g. priority employment in the subproject) 7. "Replacement Value" means the value determined to be fair compensation for agricultural land based on its productive potential, the replacement cost of houses and structures (current market price of building materials and labor without depreciation) and the fair market value of residential land, crops trees and other commodities 8. "Fair Market Value" means the agreed value of the affected properties between the project implementers and PAPs/PAFs based on records of current sales of land in the immediate area of concern; value established by recognized Govemment authorities ( BIR; Assessor's Office); and project constituted composite valuation committee. 9. "Fair Compensation" means the fair market value plus transaction costs 10. "Just Compensation" is defined in a land mark ruling of the Supreme Court (No. L-59603 dated April 29,1987): as the value of property at the time of the taking - it means a fair and full equivalent for the loss sustained, taking into account its' surroundings, its improvements and all its capabilities. When the acquiring agency fails to ascribe property values in keeping with the principle of just compensation, the court may over-rule its assessment and re-assess property values. This ruling has set aside the previous definition of just compensation under PD1533 and has modified Section 7&8 of EO 1035 for determining fair market value. 11. "Transaction Costs" means the cost associated with the sales and purchase of land like transfer of title, documentation for ownership, and other formalities required by the Government of the Philippines 12. "Relocation" means the physical transfer of PAPs/PAFs from their pre-project place of residence to a place of their choice and agreed with the project implementers =. rn ,rinIA C I A Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 13. "Rehabilitation" means the interventions to assist the PAPs/PAFs attain their living standard and incomes at pre-project level other than payment of the replacement value of acquired property. This may be in the form of trainings for livelihood 14. "Land Acquisition" is the process whereby a person is compelled by a public agency to alienate all or part of the land he/she owns or possesses to the ownership or possession of that agency, for public purpose in return for a compensation 15. "Right-of-Way Easement" is the condition whereby the owner or possessor of the land is compelled to permit the continued use of a part of his land as a means of transit of persons or services in return for a compensation but where the ownership of the land remains unchanged 16. Resettlement Action Plan or "RAP" may either be a detailed resettlement plan or an abbreviated resettlement plan prepared for each subproject depending on the complexity or magnitude of the resettlement impact. A detailed RAP is prepared when SPAF exceeds 25 17. "Composite Valuation Committee" means the committee constituted at the subproject level to include the Irrigators Association, NIA as project implementers, the concemed PAP/PAFs, LGU and other government agencies (e.g. COA, Assessor's Office, DAR, DENR) for the purpose of determining the replacement value of the affected properties 18. "Grievance Redress Committee" means the committee established at the subproject level with the participation of the IA, NIA, LGU and the PAP/PAFs to hear the complaints and grievances of PAPs regarding resettlement including acquisition of land, houses and other assets, and loss of livelihoods caused by the project 19. "Subproject" means each of the 14 Core A National Irrigation Systems (NIS) and 44 Core B NISs B. Resettlement Activities and Civil Works Implementation Before construction can start, subprojects with resettlement issues must complete a set of tasks that will ensure that each PAP is appropriately accounted for so they can be relocated, rehabilitated and compensated. The first task for all subprojects is to collect baseline information on the scope of civil works and the affected farmers. Baseline information would include basic socio- economic information on the PAPs, annual income per income source; PAP location within the project area and an inventory of affected properties of each PAP/PAF. These data will be used to categorize the PAPs/PAFs by type of resettlement issue to be expected - compensation (for loss assets, land, income), relocation (requiring a land for relocation) and rehabilitation (to restore livelihood) For the PIDP while there will not be any substantial land that will be acquired for the rehabilitation of the subprojects, there are people who have established their territories and constructed their abodes and business establishments on the open areas (easements) around the irrigation canal networks, some on-top of the canals. Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) These informal settlers can be categorized into two - unorganized rural poor and internally displaced cultural groups. These groups may require relocation. C. Resettlement Categories The project may result to several impacts on the PAPs/PAFs and will dictate the resettlement issue that will have to be addressed by the subproject: * Dislocation from residential and farm lands * Loss of income opportunities * Loss of access to communal facilities * Deterioration in quality of life as a result of ROW acquisition D. PAPs Categories There are four categories of Project Affected Persons/Project Affected Families considered in this RPF: 1. Affected beneficiaries in service area 2. Affected non-beneficiary in the service area 3. Affected non-beneficiary outside the service area requiring relocation 4. Affected non-beneficiary outside the service area not requiring relocation Each of these categories has further sub-categorization, namely: PAPs with legal ownership of land Informal settlers - those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they are occupying (whether these are Permanent Farmer-informal Settler, Transient Farmer-informal Settler; Settler- Lessee internally displaced settlers from war and calamities) lessee /tenant/share croppers those who have formal legal rights to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized under the laws of the country); those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such land or assets-provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan (see Annex A, para. 7(f) WBOP) (Appendix 1) In general, the principles of imminent domain will apply to the development of the irrigation system. F.,>not ...... HinCI ... F Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Section 3: Legal Enactments where the PIDP Resettlement is Based The underlying principle of this Resettlement Policy Framework is to ensure that all PAPs/PAFs share in Project Benefits, are compensated and rehabilitated to assist them improve or at least maintain their living conditions and income earning capacity at pre-PIDP level. Moreover, project stakeholders particularly the PAPs/PAFs are consulted on the sub-project's design, implementation and operations along the principle of transparency of the resettlement issues. This Resettlement Policy Framework follows the World Bank's Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (IR) and relevant laws of the Philippine Government and the Executing Agency. A. World Bank Resettlement Framework The WB Resettlement Framework is summarized below in Tables 2 and 3 that will serve as one of the guidelines for PIDP. The full text of the policy is contained in Appendix 1. World Bank Policy also states that payment of cash compensation for lost assets ay be appropriated here: (a) livelihoods are land-based but the land taken for the project is a small fraction'7 of the affected asset and the residual is economically viable; (b) active markets for land, housing, and labor exist, displaced persons use scih markets, and there is sufficient supply of land and housing; or (c) livelihoods are not land-based. Cash compensation levels should be sufficient to replace the lost land and other assets at full replacement cost in local markets. A. GOP Laws Relevant to Resettlement Provisions in the Bill of Rights of the Constitution of the Philippines served as the primary basis of the objective of the PIDP RPF. Specific provisions are in the articles quoted below: Article l1l. Section 1: No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. Article II. Section 9: Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation F,,rnoet, ,ine ciC 7 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Table 2. WB Operational Policy on IR to cover PIDP (as of April 2004) WB Objectives Impacts Required Measures Additional required measures (This policy covers direct economic and social impacts5 that both result from Bank-assisted investment projects5, and are caused by:) (a) Involuntary resettlement should (a) the involuntary! taking of land2 (a) The resettlement plan or be avoided where feasible, or For Impact a: resulting in resettlement policy framework includes minimized, exploring all viable measures to ensure that the displaced alternative project designs.0 (a) Displaced persons and their communities, and (i) relocation or loss of shelter; persons are any host communities receiving them, are provided timely and relevant information, (ii) lost of assets or access to assets; or (i) informed about their options and consulted on resettlement options, and offered (iii) loss of income sources or means of rights pertaining to resettlement; opportunities to participate in planning, livelihood, whether or not the affected implementing, and monitoring resettlement. persons must move to another location; (ii) consulted on, offered choices Appropriate and accessible grievance among, and provided with technically mechanisms are established for these groups. and economically feasible resettlement alternatives; and (b) In new resettlement sites or host communities, infrastructure and public services are provided as necessary to improve, restore, or maintain (iii) provided prompt and effective accessibility and levels of service for the displaced compensation at full replacement persons and host communities. Alternative or cost- for losses of assets- similar resources are provided to compensate for attributable directly to the project. the loss of access to community resources (such as fishing areas, grazing areas, fuel, or fodder). (c) Patterns of community organization appropriate to the new circumstances are based on choices made by the displaced persons. To the extent possible, the existing social and cultural institutions of resettlers and any host communities are preserved and resettlers' preferences with respect to relocating in preexisting communities and groups are honored. For imnpacts covered in para. 3(a) of this policy, these measures include provision of Euroeos S.L. @ 8 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) WB Objectives Impacts Required Measures Additional required measures (This policy covers direct economic and social impacts- that both result from Bank-assisted investment projects-, and are caused by:) compensation and of other assistance required for relocation, prior to displacement, and preparation and provision of resettlement sites with adequate facilities, where required. In particular, taking of land and related assets may take place only after compensation has been paid and, where applicable, resettlement sites and moving allowances have been provided to the displaced persons. (b) Where it is not feasible to avoid (b) the involuntary restriction of access2 to (b) If the impacts include physical For impacts covered in para. 3(b) of this policy, resettlement, resettlement legally designated parks and protected relocation, the resettlement plan or the measures to assist the displaced persons are activities should be conceived and areas resulting in adverse impacts on the resettlement policy framework includes implemented in accordance with the plan of action executed as sustainable livelihoods of the displaced persons. measures to ensure that the displaced as part of the project (see para. 30). development programs, providing persons are sufficient investment resources to enable the persons displaced by (i) provided assistance (such as the project to share in project moving allowances) during relocation; benefits. Displaced persons- and should be meaningfully consulted and should have opportunities to (ii) provided with residential housing, participate in planning and or housing sites, or, as required, implementing resettlement agricultural sites for which a programs. combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the old site 13 (c) Displaced persons should be (c) Where necessary to achieve the assisted in their efforts to improve objectives of the policy, the their livelihoods and standards of resettlement plan or resettlement living or at least to restore them, in policy framework also include real terms, to pre-displacement measures to ensure that displaced Euroe los0 S.L. . 9 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) WB Objectives Impacts Required Measures Additional required measures (This policy covers direct economic and social impactsO that both result from Bank-assisted investment projects5, and are caused by:) levels or to levels prevailing prior persons are to the beginning of project (i) offered support after displacement, implementation, whichever is for a transition period, based on a higher.4 reasonable estimate of the time likely to be needed to restore their livelihood and standards of living;-4 and (ii) provided with development assistance in addition to compensation measures described in paragraph 6(a) (iii), such as land preparation, credit .__ facilities, training, or job opportunities. Euroe@os S.L. i 10 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Table 3. Eligibility for Benefits and Entitlements PAPs Classification Entitlements General Benefits (a) those who have formal legal rights to land Persons covered under para. 15(a) and (b) are 1-All persons included in para. (including customary and traditional rights recognized provided compensation for the land they lose, and 15(a), (b), or (c) are provided under the laws of the country); other assistance in accordance with the required compensation for loss of measures in Table 1. assets other than land. 2- Persons who encroach on the area after the cut-off date are not entitled to compensation or any other form of resettlement assistance. (b) those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to -do- such land or assets-provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan (see Annex A, para. 7(f)); and9 (c) those who have no recognizable legal right or Persons covered under para. 15(c) are provided claim to the land they are occupying resettlement assistance2Q in lieu of compensation for the land they occupy, and other assistance, as necessary, to achieve the objectives set out in this policy, if they occupy the project area prior to a cut-off date established by the borrower and acceptable to the Bank.1 Euroe wos S.L. 1l Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Executive Order No. 1035 (EO1035) issued by the President of the Philippines on June 25, 1985 entitled "Providing for the Procedures and Guidelines for the Expeditious Acquisition by the Government of Private Real Properties or Rights Thereon for Infrastructure and Other Government Development Projects" outlines the due process for acquisition of private properties or right-of-way (ROW) thereon for infrastructure and other development projects. The EO provides for feasibility studies, a public information campaign to win public support for the project, engineering and parcellary surveys to obtain census data and an asset inventory; budgeting for pre- project and pre-construction activities including information dissemination, and land acquisition and resettlement which are to be completed prior to construction phase. EO 1035 also provides for the acquisition of properties thru negotiated sale at the current and fair market value declared by the owner or administrator of the land with the assistance of the Provincial Appraisal Committee. Section 17 of EO 1035 includes a provision for the resettlement of all occupants regardless of tenurial status - owners, tenants, other occupants; and financial assistance to displaced tenants, cultural minorities and settlers. When parties fail to arrive at a negotiated settlement for land acquisition, E01035 provides the government implementing agency with the authority to "immediately institute expropriation proceedings through the office of the Solicitor General or the Government Corporate Counsel, as the case maybe." The court is required to issue a writ of possession within five (5) days after the deposit of 10% of the amount of just compensation by the concerned government agency. Grievance and redress procedures essentially deal with the compensation after the acquisition has taken place. Other features of EO 1035 are: a) The amount of financial assistance to displaced tenants/farmers of agricultural land shall be equivalent to the value of gross harvest for one year on the principal and secondary crops of the area acquired based on the average annual gross harvest for the last three (3) preceding crop years provided that in no case shall the financial assistance be less than P 15,000.00/hectare. b) In the case of cultural minorities financial assistance shall e based on land occupancy certificates pursuant to PD 410. c) Compensation for improvements on land acquired under Commonwealth Act 141. The Agrarian Reform Code provides that for agricultural lessee who have perpetual lease on the land is higher. It states: " ..when land is acquired for a public purpose by a government department, the agricultural lessee shall be entitled to a disturbance compensation equivalent to five times (5X) the average gross harvests on his land holding during the last five preceding calendar years"( Section 36.1 of RA 3844, as amended by Section 7 of RA 6389 dated September 10, 1971). Section 4 of RA 6389 declares also that agricultural share tenancy throughout the country " share tenancy shall automatically be converted to agricultural leasehold upon the effectivity of this section". As a result, all agricultural lessee/tenants covered by the agrarian reform code are entitled to the equivalent of five (5) years gross harvest for the land being acquired from them - IV , Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) EO 228 Sec 4 enacted in July 1987 states that when payment is made for agricultural land acquired by the government, "the land owner is exempt from capital gains tax on the compensation paid to him". In addition, Registration fees, transfer taxes, documentary stamps and notarial fees will be paid by the Executing Agency. Unless the landowner seeks the assistance of the Agency, deductions for past taxes and other liabilities will not be made from compensation payable by the Agency. PD 1818(1981) rules that no court can issue restraining orders or preliminary injunctions in cases involving infrastructure and mineral resource development projects of the government; MO 65 (1983) Contains the feature where if other options fail, expropriation can take place and that the value given by the appraisal committee can serve as a guide for negotiation PD 705 Section 84 (1975) penalizes issuance of tax declarations without certification of the Director of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Philippine Constitution, Art 12, Sec 2-3 declares that forest and timberlands are non-alienable and non-disposable Section 4: Compensation A. Eliaibility Criteria PAPs will be entitled to compensation based on the status of their occupation of the affected areas. The census and socio economic survey will be the source of identifying the number of PAPs of several entitlement categories: Legal owners Absentee landowners Claimants Owner-cultivators Lessee and tenants Informal settlers Seasonal workers All former owners of land or other properties whose holdings have been previously affected by Agrarian Reform under RA 6389 and RA 3844, shall have their outstanding claims arising out of the application of such legislation settled in accordance with the provisions of RA 6657 and other applicable Philippine laws and regulations, outside of this RPF. B. Resettlement Entitlements Table 4 summarizes the resettlement entitlements per eligibility of the PAPs/PAFs. This matrix reflects existing laws and practice within the Philippines while adhering to the World Banks Involuntary Resettlement Policy, principles and objectives. Only those who were included in the census and surveys under a given cut-off date shall be eligible for the resettlement and compensation package. As a general rule, PAPs/PAFs losing agricultural land will be compensated through "land for land" arrangements of equal productive capacity, acceptable to them. If c,irnC,, r1 .,A;Ae c, . Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) such land is not available in the vicinity, compensation in cash, at full replacement value will be provided to farmers with total landholdings exceeding 1 ha losing less than 20% of their total landholdings and to farmers with total landholdings less than I ha and loosing less than 10% of their total landholdings. This will have to be mutually agreed between the PAPs and the implementing Agency. The 10% and 20% limits was established to avoid reduction of production units below economically viable sizes and the expectation that the irrigation project would yield benefits sufficient at least to restore a PAPs ' pre-project living standard and income earning capacity. If the acquired land exceeds the threshold, PAPs/PAFs will be considered SPAFs and will then be eligible for rehabilitation in addition to the replacement value for the property acquired. For SPAFs who will have to be relocated, they will be compensated also for loss of standing crops, trees and other structures at fair market value as provided in the entitlement matrix. The matrix below (Table 4) will be used in the settlement of claims for compensation for lost assets of PAPs based on the aforementioned principles and legal basis. Unless otherwise indicated, payment of compensation and other entitlements, and extension of assistance will be given to PAP households, specifically the spouses and not to individuals. C. Actual Project Entitlements Each suproject will present an Entitlement matrix specific to that subproject but consistent to the entitlements presented in Table 4. This matrix will be a part of the subproject RAP. * D. Rehabilitation For SPAFs who have lost a portion or their entire productive base ( e.g. agricultural land, businesses, jobs, other sources of income) regardless of whether they have lost their houses, rehabilitation will be required. Their incomes must be restored by means of access to new opportunities which will be facilitated by the implementing Agency. These new opportunities may take the form of compensation, replacement of lost lands, training to increase or provide new knowledge and skills and other support mechanisms such as loans or seed money for new livelihood activities. Based on the surveys and census which will be conducted in each subproject, the implementing agency in consultation with the PAPs will develop a program to rehabilitate the PAPs to an income level that is at least equivalent to that of pre- project status. E. Public Participation in Property Inventory and Valuation To ensure an accurate and acceptable data on affected properties and valuation of each, a composite inventory and property valuation committee will be constituted in each subproject. This team will be composed of the Sub-project Management Office; the Local Government Unit represented by the Offices of the Municipal Planning and Development, Municipal Engineer, Municipal Social Work and Development, Municipal Agriculture and Municipal Assessor, the Irrigators Association and the PAPs concerned. Initially a census will be jointly undertaken by the subproject and the lAs to identify the number of families within the surveyed area, followed by series of meetings and other organizing works with the PAPs. rh (Zc I IA Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Table 4. Type of Resettlement Entitlements Compensation/Resettlement Entitlement by Eligibility Item Type of Impact/Loss Criteria Additional Information/ Application Loss of Houses and other 1.a Full replacement cost without depreciation for the 1.a If the structure is only partially affected by the project, NIA may, if structures owner, lessee /tenant and squatter acceptable to the PAP, acquire the entire structure with full compensation/replacement cost or provide cash compensation for the portion affected as mutually agreed by the PAP and NIA 1.b If 10 Or more SPAF houses are to be relocated away from owned land, a resettlement site will be developed and provided with basic infrastructures and a resettlement action plan (RAP) prepared 2 Agricultural land 2.a. Owners 2.a. Owners Agricultural land of equal productive capacity * Rehab measures for SPAFs losing agricultural land will consist of preferential employment on construction work under the projet, Compensation for the loss of standing crops, fruit trees or provision of agricultural inputs and/or livestock at P 5,000/ha but other trees at full market value not less than P 2,000.00 per SPAF, at a minimum, Additional measures may be appropriate depending on the severity of Under DAR AO 13 S. 1994, owners of land covered by adverse impact on the SPAFs PD No. 27 and E.O. 228 may be entitled to an increment of six percent (6%) over the land value as determined * PAFs losing agricultural land will be compensated through "land under existing valuation formula for land" agreement of equal productive capacity satisfactory to the PAPs. 2.b. Tenants and lessees In accordance with RA 3844, Sec 36. 1; RA 6389, Sec. 7, * Cash compensation can take the place of "land for land RA 6389, Sec 4, they will be paid disturbance compensation" on the following conditions: compensation for the loss livelihood due to land acquisition equivalent to 5X the average gross harvest during the preceding 5 years i) for farmers with total landholdings > 1 has & losing < 20% of their total land holdings; and Financial assistance equivalent to one year's gross for farmers with total landholdings < 1 has & losing < or = 10% of their harvest and in nocase be less than P 15,000.00/ha as total land holdings: stipulated in EO 1035, Sec 17. / Prior agreement reached between PAP and NIA of the rate acceptable as a replacement value through a negotiated settlement / PAP receives full replacement value for land & all assets w/o deductions for depreciation . PAP stands to benefit directly from the project through an increase Euroeos S.L. O 15 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Compensation/Resettlement Entitlement by Eligibility Item Type of ImpacVLoss Criteria Additional Information/ Application in production which will offset the loss of land such that the net production after project completion is = or > pre-project production ii) for acquired land that exceeds the threshold in "i" (where PAPs are considered SPAF and replacement land is the preferred option) provided that: ' land is not available within the vicinity of the lost land, ' mutually agreed between the PAPs and NIA, • appropriate rehabilitation measures is also provided to compensate for lost livelihood and results in the restoration of SPAFs income at pre-project level * The land owner is exempt from capital gains tax on the compensation paid to him for the acquired agricultural land (based on EO 228 Sec 4, July 1987). Other expenses like registration fees, transfer taxes, documentary stamp tax and notarial fees will be paid by NIA for property transfers. However, unless the landowner seeks the assistance of NIA, deductions for past taxes and other liabilities will not be made from compensation payable by NIA 3 Residential land 3.a. Legal owners 3.a.Similarto additional information under Item "1" Replacement residential land at least of equal size and not less than 200 m2 as close to the original location as 3.a.1. For PAPs needing relocation possible; dislocation allowance equivalent to two months * Rehab measures completed prior to the expected start-up date of average agricultural income in the sub-project area and works of the sub-project transition subsidies 3.b. Lessee/Tenants and squatters who have built their * Resettlement plans implemented following consultations with own houses PAPs and endorsement of PAPs Assistance in finding an alternative living site; provided asssistane to rebuild their home; paid dislocation allowance 3.c. Lessee/Tenants and squatters who do not own the residential premise (house) Euroeos S.L. . 16 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Compensation/Resettlement Entitlement by Eligibility Item Type of ImpacVLoss Criteria Additional Information/ Application Provided with cash compensation for any structure they have erected; a cash grant of six (6) months' rental fee; assistance in finding alternative accomodation 4 Crops,trees and other Full compensation at market value similar agricultural products-, other assets 5 Community infrastructures Replaced at no cost to the community * Community services and access maintained or improved (schools/ factories/ water sources/ roads/ sewage system/ electrical supply/ woodlots/ pastures) 6 Temporary loss of 10% of replacement value of property and assets * If leased, lessee receives 75% of the compensation and the 25% assets/ROW Easement acquired for owner and lessee/tenant to the owner Euroes os S.L. . 17 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) The composite inventory and property valuation committee will then conduct the actual inventory of affected structures, standing crops and trees. Structures like houses and pens will be measured, materials inventoried and valuated based on current cost by BIR and LGU's Assessors Office. Result of the valuation will then be then presented to the PAP/Fs in a series of meetings. and standing crops and trees which aims to arrive at agreement with the PAFs on the valuation of their affected properties.. The meeting may be concluded with the PAP/Fs signing their names in the inventory and valuation forms. Section 5: Baseline Data Generation A. Process of PAPs Identification and Inventory of Affected Properties It is assumed that prior to this activity, the implementing agency has already firmed- up the design and scheme of the irrigation project. Each subproject will conduct a census of families and persons adversely affected by it. Since all subprojects are existing, the census will be conducted with the lAs in the subproject. The census will include a complete inventory of all lossess to be incurred by each PAP. This information will include basic socio-economic data (e.g. household head; household size, annual income per income source; educational attainment; tenurial status of affected land; total land holdings, ROW area, location of affected property; quantity, category and dimension of other affected fixed assets like crops, trees, structures). A more detailed inventory will then be undertaken by a constituted composite inventory and valuation committee. B. Socio-Economic Survey (SES) In addition to the census and inventory of affected properties, all subprojects will include as part of the RAP, a socio-economic survey of the affected population. The survey will be based on an interviews of a 20% sample of PAFs and 100% of SPAFs. The socio-economic survey will provide data on the existing social structure, tenurial arrangements, resource us, access to communal resources, social services and infrastructure facilities by different social groups in the project area. The SES will also identify special interest groups particularly those vulnerable (e.g. tenants, farmers with less than 1 ha land holding, landless , informal settlers, indigenous peoples, women) and describing their special characteristics in relation to the project C. Process of Identification of Replacement Land If the subproject will require a relocation of PAPs/PAFs or the provision of a replacement land ; the subproject together with the SPAFs will jointly scout for the replacement land. While the required considerations for the replacement land is for it to be within the vicinity of the SPAFs previous location to minimize or avoid social dislocation or unrealistic division of the SPAFs economic livelihood, the SPAFs can discuss and agree on their own criteria for a replacement land/relocation site. This can be done thru the conduct of a workshop by the subproject with the SPAFs. This will give the SPAFs more control and decision making on their future community. For Subprojects requiring relocations or with SPAFs exceeding 25, a detailed RAP will have to be prepared. g,,r, ^rcbc'tf ,ri, c. C 1I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) D. Process of Resettlement Plan Preparation and Its Approval The 3 instruments for resettlement are: 1. The Resettlement Action Plan; 2. Resettlement Policy Framework, and; 3. Process Framework. There are three (3) phases in RAP preparation, namely; a. Pre-Construction Phase, b. Construction Phase, and; c. Post Construction Phase. The Pre-Construction phase covers: (1) baseline data generation which includes identification and census of PAPs, (2) conduct of socio-economic survey; (3) detailed inventory and valuation of affected assets/properties; (4) determination of compensation/entitlements of each PAP; (5) conduct of series of IECs; (6) consultation and public disclosure meetings; (7) identification of replacement land/relocation sites ( as the case may require), and; (8) RAP documentation/development and crafting of an RPF. Depending on the extent of land acquisition in a subproject, a detailed RAP or an abbreviated RAP will be prepared. A month before construction, initial monitoring and supervision by the internal monitor is started. This phase ends with the submission of the RAP to the Bank and its approval. Construction phase is implementation of the approved RAP in the subproject concerned. Implementation of the RAP includes payment of compensation to damages and rehabilitation activities with SPAFs. Intemal monitoring continues to take place during this phase. The Post Construction phase is the last phase characterized by the conduct of regular monitoring and evaluation on the RAP implementation and its impact to the PAPs and SPAFs. Discussed below is the Bank's prescribed activities for resettlement which may guide the implementing agency: =s ,rnno ,4in. V c/ 10(l Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Resettlement activities The planning of resettlement activities is an integral part of preparation for Bank- assisted projects that cause involuntary resettlement Activities Responsible Body The TT and borrower staff TT & Borrower (a) assess the nature and magnitude of the likely displacement; (b) explore all viable alternative project designs to avoid, where feasible, or minimize displacement;4 (c) assess the legal framework covering resettlement and the policies of the government and implementing agencies (identifying any inconsistencies between such policies and the Bank's policy); (d) review past borrower and likely implementing agencies' experience with similar operations; (e) discuss with the agencies responsible for resettlement the policies and institutional, legal, and consultative arrangements for resettlement, including measures to address any inconsistencies between government or implementing agency policies and Bank policy; and (f) discuss any technical assistance to be provided to the borrower (see OP 4.12, para. 32). 0 Based on the review of relevant resettlement issues, the TT agrees with the Regional social development unit and LEG on the type of resettlement instrument (resettlement TT WB Borrower plan, abbreviated resettlement plan, resettlement policy framework, or process framework) and the scope and the level of detail required. The TT conveys these decisions to the borrower and also discusses with the borrower the actions necessary to prepare the resettlement instrument,- agrees on the timing for preparing the resettlement instrument, and monitors progress. The TT summarizes in the Project Concept Document (PCD) and the Project TT Information Document (PID) available information on the nature and magnitude of displacement and the resettlement instrument to be used, and the TT periodically updates the PID as project planning proceeds. For projects with impacts under para. 3 (a) of OP 4.12, the TT assesses the following Borrower/TT during project preparation: (a) the extent to which project design alternatives and options to minimize and mitigate involuntary resettlement have been considered; (b) progress in preparing the resettlement plan or resettlement policy framework and its adequacy with respect to OP 4.12, including the involvement of affected groups and the extent to which the views of such groups are being considered; (c) proposed criteria for eligibility of displaced persons for compensation and other resettlement assistance; (d) the feasibility of the proposed resettlement measures, including provisions for sites if needed; funding for all resettlement activities, including provision of counterpart funding on an annual basis; the legal framework; and implementation 0 and monitoring arrangements; and (e) if sufficient land is not available in projects involving displaced persons whose livelihoods are land-based and for whom a land-based resettlement strategy is the QIZIrnoch,r4i,cC On Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Activities Responsible Body preferred option, the evidence of lack of adequate land (OP 4.12, para. 11). 6. For proiects with impacts under para. 3 (b) of OP 4.12, the TT assesses the following during project preparation: (a) the extent to which project design alternatives and options to minimize and mitigate involuntary resettlement have been considered; and (b) progress in preparing the process framework and its adequacy in respect to OP 4.12, including the adequacy of the proposed participatory approach; criteria for eligibility of displaced persons; funding for resettlement; the legal framework; and implementation and monitoring arrangements. 7. The TT may request a meeting with the Resettlement Committee to obtain endorsement of, or guidance on, (a) the manner in which it proposes to address resettlement issues in a project, or (b) clarifications on the application and scope of this policy. The Committee, chaired by the vice president responsible for resettlement, includes the Director, Social Development Department, a representative from LEG, and two representatives from Operations, one of whom is from the sector of the project being discussed. The Committee is guided by the policy and, among other sources, the Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook, which will be regularly updated to reflect good practice. Appraisal 8. The borrower submits to the Bank a resettlement plan, a resettlement policy Borrower framework, or a process framework that conform with the requirements of OP 4.12, as a condition of appraisal for projects involving involuntary resettlement (see OP 4.12, paras. 17-31). Appraisal may be authorized before the plan is completed in highly unusual circumstances (such as emergency recovery operations) with the approval of the Managing Director in consultation with the Resettlement Committee. In such cases, the TT agrees with the borrower on a timetable for preparing and furnishing to the Bank the relevant resettlement instrument that conforms with the requirements of OP 4.12. Section 6: Complaints and Grievance Mechanism The subproject will create a composite Grievance and Redress Committee. This committee is composed of representatives from various line agencies, LGUs, the IA and PAFs. It is responsible for dealing with grievances of PAPs concerning compensation and resettlement issues. It is responsible for ensuring compliance with the requirements for compensation and resettlement including provision of opportunities to the affected persons/families in the form of livelihood and financing assistance. It is established to monitor and conduct hearing on the complaints and grievances of affected families regarding their dislocation and losses pertinent to the acquisition of land, houses and other assets including livelihood disturbance by the project. Grievances related to any aspect of the subproject will be handled through negotiations aimed at achieving consensus. The PAPs shall be provided with a list of contact persons who are members of the Grievance Redress Committee. PAFs complaints and grievances will be brought to the attention of the concerned authorities through these contact persons who shall be responsible for ensuring that these complaints or problems are properly channeled to the appropriate authority. The process will involve the case or complaint being referred first to the duly designated community organization, which will review its merit and/or provide . nn ofHin~ CZ I I d Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) immediate response. If the case cannot be acted upon or resolved at this level, but found meritorious it will be referred to the Grievance Redress Committee for appropriate action. If this first conciliation attempt fails, the case may be brought by either party to the NIA Regional Office. Again if this fails, then elected representatives at the Provincial level may be requested to a conciliation meeting. The PAPs may bring the case to the Courts following prevailing laws. Any fees required for this purpose will be shouldered by the implementing agency. Section 7: Stakeholders Participation and Disclosure Mechanism The objectives of the stakeholders' participation and information-disclosure are the following: a) Share information on the proposed project and its activities with PAPs; b) Obtain information about the concerns and opinions of the PAPs; c) Understand the PAPs reaction to proposed policies and activities d) Obtain cooperation of the PAPs to all activities under the RAP e) Ensure transparency in all activities related to land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitation. The PAF/Ps participate throughout the various stages of resettlement activities and in the resettlement land acquisition process. They are consulted and will continue to be consulted by the concerned authorities and will be present in public meetings held by NIA, LGUs or any other agencies. These meetings are venues for PAPs to express their opinions and offer their suggestions. The PAF/Ps are informed of the details of resettlement activities for the Sub-Project. The information made public, are the following: a. Objectives of PIDP, b. Proposed development schemes, c. Environment and social safeguards, including the mitigating measures for PAF/Ps, d. Cut-Off dates and procedures of identification, inventory, and valuation of affected structures, properties and land improvements, e. Schedules of each activity, f) Individual entitlements, g. Eligibility criteria, h. Modes of compensation, i. Complaints and grievance redress procedure. Consultative activities are undertaken to minimize if not totally avoid unnecessary worries and apprehensions over the thought of being relocated upon project construction. Consultation process involves frequent information sharing with the stakeholders through meetings, house-to-house visits and distribution of information- education campaign tools. Public Information, consultation and participation in RAP formulation and implementation should start at the Pre-construction stage of the Subproject with strong support from the subproject manager and technical staff. Complete information regarding the proposed project including the resettlement process will be provided to the PAF/Ps and concerned LGU officials prior to and F-.rn 4 4izrc' r I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) during LARP preparation. In so doing, several activities will necessitate the participation of the affected households and the community. The socio-economic survey, detailed asset inventory and parcellary mapping to determine the exact size of the different plots require PAPs participation Section 8: Implementation and Institutional Arrangements A. Organizational Structure. Roles and Responsibilities The responsibility for planning and implementation of RAP activities under the RPF is illustrated in Figure 1 and discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. The overall implementation of LARP is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1. Implementation and Institutional Arrangements for RAP Activities AASOEM PIDP PMO ------- Consultants Group NIA RIO r- - - - -- TS ISO Cooperating Agency O/M-IDD -- IDO LGU IA ------ FS PASSOs DAR DENR InventoryNalu Grievance- ROW Com ationCommitte Redress Committee COA I PAPs/PAFs ~~II Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) a. PIDP PMO has the overall responsibility for planning and implementing all activities under the Resettlement Policy Framework, assisted by the Projects Consultants of PIDP. It is also responsible in handling resettlement issues requiring action and attention at the central and field levels. PIDP PMO has the oversight responsibility, overall control and management of the project resettlement budget. b. NIA-RIO - will monitor the implementation of RAP in the subprojects falling under its jurisdiction. c. ISO - The Irrigation Systems Offices doubles as the subproject management office, with the assistance of the lAs and PAFs, PIDP PMO and RIO, will carryout resettlement activities within their area of responsibility, under the supervision of the respective R1Os. These entities will be in-charged of implementing the various tasks laid out in the RPF and subproject RAP like census of PAPs, assets inventory and valuation, SES, conduct of IECs to PAPs, establishment of PAPs participation and disclosure mechanism, etc. d. Grievance and Redress Committee (GRC) - the Grievance and Redress Committee will be responsible for dealing with grievances of PAF's concerning resettlement issues. e. Provincial Appraisal/Assessors Office (PASSO)-is the duly designated government body at the provincial level tasked with assessing and valuating assets and properties. Subproject will ask assistance of the PASSO for the appraisal of PAF/P's assets. f. Right of Way Committee (ROWC)- will be mainly responsible for obtaining ROW data as well as in negotiating with land owners whose lands are traversed by the irrigation network, with the assistance of the EO, TS and IDO's. This committee will also function as an arm to inform the PAP's of their various entitlements. 9. Cooperating Agencies, Local Govemment Unit (LGU), Provincial Assessors Office (PASSO), Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), Commission on Audit (COA) and Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) will be consulted by the Subproject and IA for any assistance needed conceming their field of services and provide other data needed for the project. The LGU will coordinate with the ISO and non-government agencies regarding resettlement, implementation and give assurance that the interest of its constituency is protected. Municipal and Barangay LGUs play an important role in facilitating and coordinating the various activities of the project, ensuring that the interest of their constituent is protected. The barangay will serve as the formal channel for relaying to the various stakeholders especially the PAF/P's, the appropriate information on the intentions and actions of NIA. In this way, speculations and misinformation about the project are minimized and/or protected. h. Consultant Group - The Project Consultants will guide the NIA-CPMO Environmental Section in the planning and implementation of all activities under the Program Framework i. Institutional Development Officers (IDOs) - They will assist in the collection of various data from the lAs and extend assistance in the conduct of other RAP activities. The IDOs are also responsible for organizing Right of Way Committee and monitoring the conduct of the Committee's tasks and functions. Subproject IDO and the O/M personnel is in charge in undertaking various tasks laid out in the RAP C1A Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) including identification and socio-economic surveys, dissemination of subproject information to PAP's /PAF's establishment of transparent mechanism for land valuation/asset assessment, grievance redress and administration of all negotiation related matters will coordinate with the Subproject IDOs. j. Technical Staff (TS) - The TS is responsible for ROW identification, provides technical explanation on land acquisition during negotiation and provides data on ROW requirements for RAP documentation. k. Irrigators' Association - The Irrigators' Association will assist in the collection of data for RAP documentation, negotiation of PAPs for land acquisition, coordination with other concerned agency, and in the orientation of PAPs. 1. Project Affected Person/s (PAPs) - These are the landowners whose land will be acquired for the development of irrigation facilities. The PAPs will participate in the implementation of RAP activities and will sign necessary documents needed. B. Institutional Linkacies The subproject may engage an NGO or other government agencies to assist in the trainings and coordination of the livelihood development programs for the rehabilitation of the SPAFs if internal capacity of the implementing agency is inadequate. In cases where there will be relocations, a full time development worker will have to be assigned at the relocation site. If this is not possible for the subproject, then an NGO may be contracted to undertake the community development work with the SPAF Linkage with the LGUs where the subproject is located should be maintained all through out the project life . They will not only provide police power but for the sustainability of programs and projects in the RAP after PIDP folds-up. C. Flow of Funds Funds for the resettlement program will be provided by the NIA thru the PIDP PMO from the budgetary allocation of the project. Each subproject RAP will include detailed cost estimates for RAP preparation, compensation, relocation and rehabilitation of PAPs. It must reflect also cost of purchase for the replacement land or relocation site. Cost estimates shall make adequate provisions for contingencies. The total RAP cost is included in the cost of the subproject. In case of cost overruns, the implementing Agency should allocate additional funds as necessary. Request for funding to implement the RAP can only be made by the subproject to the PMO once the RAP is approved by the Bank. Rehabilitation cost in the form of seed funds for livelihood projects will be cost recovered by the project from the PAPs but will be maintained in a separate account for the same purpose. The complete and detailed resettlement cost for each subproject should have been determined and submitted to the bank within the lt year of implementation. gin ef. q,ro e c, I Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PiDP) Figure 2. LARP Implementation Flow Chart 0 Organize and Authorize ROWMC to 1. Review LARP and Legitimize implment LARP and supporting documents ROWMC provide logistical and Z Refine Action Plan financial resources for /Monitoring Plan LARP Implementation 3. Conduct final field surveys and consultations with Process payments and PAFs if needed other LARP related * 4. Pay entitlement expenses compensation and deliver other benefits to PAFs 5. Acquie and Approve LARP o E consolidate ROW Related expenditures | 1. Prepare regular monitonng reports 2. Report completion of compensation payments and delivery of benefits an 3. Request for Inspecbon and cerbficatbon of Saisfactor Comr eon Review progress report 4>Review M 8 E reports Early Gains and provide copies to +; Conduct Site validation Report *PIDP-PMO and other + Issue certifircation of 4 sabsfactory conmpletion Review and corsolidate Endorse validated l s ink nria inPIDP-MO *- Reports and certification *1 Review and regular progress reports validaesreports com pen satilon payments and other f + implementation 2. Prepares validation reports Conduct LARP Benefit and Impact Assessment l C,,rnodocuments Endorse Reports Review benefit and * Impact Assessment Proures EMA for | |Procures EMA for LARP Prepare Report LARP | enefrtand Impact Review IImplementation I * Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Table 5. Indicative Land Acquisition and Reseftlement Implementation Plan (LARIP) Schedule Milestone Activities Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 1 22 314431 2 4 1 2 3 4 123 4 1. Organization and Mobilization of ROWMC Orientation-Mobilization LARP Review Final Disclosure 2. Finalization of all legal Documentation Review and approval of ROW and canal exclusion zone Review and revision of the assessment of affected agronomic, fruit and tree crops and other - commercially valuable vegetation Preparation of support documents for the payment of entitlement and delivery of benefits Procurement if services (if by contract) or Preparation of Purchase Orders for materials and labor for construction of resettlement site, relocation/rehabilitation of affected utilities and other structures Processing of LARP payment - requests Preparation, review and processing of replacement of lot documents (including issuance of TCTby registry of deeds)- as maybe applicable 3. Payment of entitlement Compensation and Delivery of Benefits Payment of entitlement Construction of Relocation Sites Relocation of Utilities and other Affected Structures Provision of Dislocation Allowance Awarding of replacement lot 4. Acquisition, Clearing and Consolidation Acquisition of Affected Clearing ROW + Consolidation of ROWeasements and canal exclusion zone 5. Monitoring and Evaluation PIDP- Steering Committee Evaluation External Monitoring and Assessment 0C7 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Section 9: Monitoring and Evaluation Resettlement activities in all subprojects will be regularly supervised and monitored by the Implementing Agency thru the PIDP PMO. The PMO will have full responsibility for internal monitoring. An NGO on the other hand will be contracted to carry out external monitoring and evaluation of resettlement activities of the subprojects. These NGOs will be selected following the World Banks' Guidelines for the Contracting of Local Consultants. A. Internal Monitoring Internal monitoring activities will include the following: Initial monitoring and supervision - one month before the start of construction. Where relocation is required, the initial monitoring activity will be conducted one month before the firsts SPAFs are relocated Mid-term monitoring and supervision- after 50% of construction activities are completed. End of construction monitoring and supervision - conducted within three months of the end of construction activities Final impact - conducted within the last year of project implementation B. External Monitoring To check on the compliances of the proponent (EA) of the IR guidelines, an external monitor can be hired one year before project completion. This will enable the implementing Agency to comply on missed IR provisions. After this, The next hiring of the external monitor should be at least after 4 cropping seasons or two years after the implementation of the project to evaluate the socio-economic impact of PAPs resettlement specifically income restoration. FearocSlItinc c IOR Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) References: 1. Cemea, Michael M. 1988. Involuntary Settlement in Development Projects: Policy Guidelines in World Bank-Financed Projects. World Bank Technical Paper Number 80 2. Government of the Republic of the Philippines. 1996. Project Policy Framework for Resettlement of Project Affected Families. Water Resources Development Project. 3. Government of the Republic of the Philippines..1985. Executive Order 1035, Series of 1985, issued by the President of the Philippines. Providing for the Procedures and Guidelines for the Expeditious Acquisition by the Government of Private Real Properties or Rights Thereon for Infrastructure and Other Govemment Development Projects. 4. WB Bank Procedures 4.12.Dec 2001. Note: OP and BP 4.12 together replace OD 4.30, Involuntary Resettlement. This OP and BP apply to all projects for which a Project Concept Review takes place on or after January 1, 2002. Questions may be addressed to the Director, Social Development Department (SDV). 5. WB Operational Procedures 4.12 Dec 2001.This Operational Policy statement was revised in April 2004 to ensure consistency with the requirements of OP/BP 6.00, issued in April 2004. These changes may be viewed here. OP 4.12 (revised April 2004) applies only to projects that are govemed by OP/BP 6.00, Bank Financing - that is, those in countries with approved country financing parameters. Other operational policy statements goveming Bank financing that have been amended to reflect OP/BP 6.00 also apply to these projects, click to view a full Table of Contents (blue). Projects in countries without approved country financing parameters continue to be subject to other operational policy statements governing Bank financing; click here for a full Table of Contents (yellow) that includes these statements. Note: OP and BP 4.12 together replace OD 4.30, Involuntary Resettlement. These OP and BP apply to all projects for which a Project Concept Review takes place on or after January 1, 2002. Questions may be addressed to the Director, Social Development Department (SDV). 6. WB Operational Policies-Annex A, December 2001. This annex describes the elements of a resettlement plan, an abbreviated resettlement plan, a resettlement policy framework, and a resettlement process framework, as discussed in OP 4.12, paras. 17-31. Ia I Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) APPENDIX 1 OP 4.12 December 2001 World Bank Policy Involuntary Resettlement This Operational Policy statement was revised in April 2004 to ensure consistency with the requirements of OP/BP 6.00, issued in April 2004. These changes may be viewed here. OP 4.12 (revised April 2004) applies only to projects that are governed by OP/BP 6.00, Bank Financing - that is, those in countries with approved country financing parameters. Other operational policy statements governing Bank financing that have been amended to reflect OP/BP 6.00 also apply to these projects, click to view a full Table of Contents (blue). Projects in countries without approved country financing parameters continue to be subject to other operational policy statements governing Bank financing; click here for a full Table of Contents (yellow) that includes these statements. Note: OP and BP 4.12 together replace OD 4.30, InvoluntaryResettlement These OP and BP apply to all projects for which a Project Concept Review takes place on or after January 1, 2002. Questions may be addressed to the Director, Social Development Department (SDV). 1. Bank' experience indicates that involuntary resettlement under development projects, if unmitigated, often gives rise to severe economic, social, and environmental risks: production systems are dismantled; people face impoverishment when their productive assets or income sources are lost; people are relocated to environments where their productive skills may be less applicable and the competition for resources greater; community institutions and social networks are weakened; kin groups are dispersed; and cultural identity, traditional authority, and the potential for mutual help are diminished or lost. This policy includes safeguards to address and mitigate these impoverishment risks. Policy Objectives 2. Involuntary resettlement may cause severe long-term hardship, impoverishment, and environmental damage unless appropriate measures are carefully planned and carried out. For these reasons, the overall objectives of the Bank's policy on involuntary resettlement are the following: (a) Involuntary resettlement should be avoided where feasible, or minimized, exploring all viable alternative project designs.2 (b) Where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement, resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable the persons displaced by the project to share in project benefits. Displaced persons3 should be meaningfully consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs. Euroestudios S.L. 1 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) (c) Displaced persons should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to pre-displacement levels or to levels prevaili prior to the beginning of project implementation, whichever is higher.- Impacts Covered 3. This policy covers direct economic and social impacts5 that both result from Bank- assisted investment projects6, and are caused by (a) the involuntary 7 taking of land8 resulting in (i) relocation or loss of shelter; (ii) lost of assets or access to assets; or (iii) loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must move to another location; or (b) the involuntary restriction of access9 to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons. 4. This policy applies to all components of the project that result in involuntary resettlement, regardless of the source of financing. It also applies to other activities resulting in involuntary resettlement, that in the judgment of the Bank, are (a) directly and significantly related to the Bank-assisted project, (b) necessary to achieve its objectives as set forth in the project documents; and (c) carried out, or planned to be carried out, contemporaneously with the project. 5. Requests for guidance on the application and scope of this policy should be addressed to the Resettlement Committee (see BP 4.12, para. 7).'° Required Measures 6. To address the impacts covered under para. 3 (a) of this policy, the borrower prepares a reseKtlement plan or a resettlement policy framework (see paras. 25-30) that covers the following: (a) The resettlement plan or resettlement policy framework includes measures to ensure that the displaced persons are (i) informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement; (ii) consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives; and (iii) provided prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost"' for losses of assets12 attributable directly to the project. (b) If the impacts include physical relocation, the resettlement plan or resettlement policy framework includes measures to ensure that the displaced persons are (i) provided assistance (such as moving allowances) during relocation; and Euroestudios S.L. 2 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) (ii) provided with residential housing, or housing sites, or, as required, agricultural sites for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the old site. 3 (c) Where necessary to achieve the objectives of the policy, the resettlement plan or resettlement policy framework also include measures to ensure that displaced persons are (i) offered support after displacement, for a transition period, based on a reasonable estimate of the time likely to be needed to restore their livelihood and standards of living;'4 and (ii) provided with development assistance in addition to compensation measures described in paragraph 6(a) (iii), such as land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities. 7. In projects involving involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas (see para. 3(b)), the nature of restrictions, as well as the type of measures necessary to mitigate adverse impacts, is determined with the participation of the displaced persons during the design and implementation of the project. In such cases, the borrower prepares a process framework acceptable to the Bank, describing the participatory process by which (a) specific components of the project will be prepared and implemented; (b) the criteria for eligibility of displaced persons will be determined; (c) measures to assist the displaced persons in their efforts to improve their livelihoods, or at least to restore them, in real terms, while maintaining the sustainability of the park or protected area, will be identified; and (d) potential conflicts involving displaced persons will be resolved. The process framework also includes a description of the arrangements for implementing and monitoring the process. 8. To achieve the objectives of this policy, particular attention is paid to the needs of vulnerable groups among those displaced, especially those below the poverty line, the landless, the elderly, women and children, indigenous peoples, 1 ethnic minorities, or other displaced persons who may not be protected through national land compensation legislation. 9. Bank experience has shown that resettlement of indigenous peoples with traditional land-based modes of production is particularly complex and may have significant adverse impacts on their identity and cultural survival. For this reason, the Bank satisfies itself that the borrower has explored all viable alternative project designs to avoid physical displacement of these groups. When it is not feasible to avoid such displacement, preference is given to land-based resettlement strategies for these groups (see para. 11) that are compatible with their cultural preferences and are prepared in consultation with them (see Annex A, para. 11). Euroestudios S.L. 3 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 10. The implementation of resettlement activities is linked to the implementation of the investment component of the project to ensure that displacement or restriction of access does not occur before necessary measures for resettlement are in place. For impacts covered in para. 3(a) of this policy, these measures include provision of compensation and of other assistance required for relocation, prior to displacement, and preparation and provision of resettlement sites with adequate facilities, where required. In particular, taking of land and related assets may take place only after compensation has been paid and, where applicable, resettlement sites and moving allowances have been provided to the displaced persons. For impacts covered in para. 3(b) of this policy, the measures to assist the displaced persons are implemented in accordance with the plan of action as part of the project (see para. 30). 11. Preference should be given to land-based resettlement strategies for displaced persons whose livelihoods are land-based. These strategies may include resettlement on public land (see footnote 1 above), or on private land acquired or purchased for resettlement. Whenever replacement land is offered, resettlers are provided with land for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least equivalent to the advantages of the land taken. If land is not the preferred option of the displaced persons, the provision of land would adversely affect the sustainability of a park or protected area,-6 or sufficient land is not available at a reasonable price, non-land-based options built around opportunities for employment or self-employment should be provided in addition to cash compensation for land and other assets lost. The lack of adequate land must be demonstrated and documented to the satisfaction of the Bank. 12. Payment of cash compensation for lost assets may be appropriate where (a) livelihoods are land-based but the land taken for the project is a small fraction'7 of the affected asset and the residual is economically viable; (b) active markets for land, housing, and labor exist, displaced persons use such markets, and there is sufficient supply of land and housing; or (c) livelihoods are not land-based. Cash compensation levels should be sufficient to replace the lost land and other assets at full replacement cost in local markets. 13. For impacts covered under para. 3(a) of this policy, the Bank also requires the following: (a) Displaced persons and their communities, and any host communities receiving them, are provided timely and relevant information, consulted on resettlement options, and offered opportunities to participate in planning, implementing, and monitoring resettlement. Appropriate and accessible grievance mechanisms are established for these groups. (b) In new resettlement sites or host communities, infrastructure and public services are provided as necessary to improve, restore, or maintain accessibility and levels of service for the displaced persons and host communities. Alternative or similar resources are provided to compensate for the loss of access to community resources (such as fishing areas, grazing areas, fuel, or fodder). (c) Patterns of community organization appropriate to the new circumstances are based on choices made by the displaced persons. To the extent possible, the existing social and cultural institutions of resettlers and any host Euroestudios S.L. 4 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) communities are preserved and resettlers' preferences with respect to relocating in preexisting communities and groups are honored. Eligibility for Benefits18 14. Upon identification of the need for involuntary resettlement in a project, the borrower carries out a census to identify the persons who will be affected by the project (see the Annex A, para. 6(a)), to determine who will be eligible for assistance, and to discourage inflow of people ineligible for assistance. The borrower also develops a procedure, satisfactory to the Bank, for establishing the criteria by which displaced persons will be deemed eligible for compensation and other resettlement assistance. The procedure includes provisions for meaningful consultations with affected persons and communities, local authorities, and, as appropriate, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and it specifies grievance mechanisms. 15. Criteria for Eligibility. Displaced persons may be classified in one of the following three groups: (a) those who have formal legal rights to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized under the laws of the country); (b) those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such land or assets-provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plan (see Annex A, para. 7(f)); and9 (c) those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land they are occupying. 16. Persons covered under para. 15(a) and (b) are provided compensation for the land they lose, and other assistance in accordance with para. 6. Persons covered under para. 15(c) are provided resettlement assistance2o in lieu of compensation for the land they occupy, and other assistance, as necessary, to achieve the objectives set out in this policy, if they occupy the project area prior to a cut-off date established by the borrower and acceptable to the Bank.21 Persons who encroach on the area after the cut-off date are not entitled to compensation or any other form of reseKtlement assistance. All persons included in para. 15(a), (b), or (c) are provided compensation for loss of assets other than land. Resettlement Planning, Implementation, and Monitoring 17. To achieve the objectives of this policy, different planning instruments are used, depending on the type of project: (a) a resettlement plan or abbreviated resettlement plan is required for all operations that entail involuntary resettlement unless otherwise specified (see para. 25 and Annex A); (b) a resettlement policy framework is required for operations referred to in paras. 26-30 that may entail involuntary resettlement, unless otherwise specified (see Annex A); and (c) a process framework is prepared for projects involving restriction of access in accordance with para. 3(b) (see para. 31). Euroestudios S.L. 5 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 18. The borrower is responsible for preparing, implementing, and monitoring a resettlement plan, a resettlement policy framework, or a process framework (the "resettlement instruments"), as appropriate, that conform to this policy. The resettlement instrument presents a strategy for achieving the objectives of the policy and covers all aspects of the proposed resettlement. Borrower commitment to, and capacity for, undertaking successful resettlement is a key determinant of Bank involvement in a project. 19. Resettlement planning includes early screening, scoping of key issues, the choice of resettlement instrument, and the information required to prepare the resettlement component or subcomponent. The scope and level of detail of the resettlement instruments vary with the magnitude and complexity of resettlement. In preparing the resettlement component, the borrower draws on appropriate social, technical, and legal expertise and on relevant community-based organizations and NGOs.22 The borrower informs potentially displaced persons at an early stage about the resettlement aspects of the project and takes their views into account in project design. 20. The full costs of resettlement activities necessary to achieve the objectives of the project are included in the total costs of the project. The costs of resettlement, like the costs of other project activities, are treated as a charge against the economic benefits of the project; and any net benefits to resettlers (as compared to the "without-project" circumstances) are added to the benefits stream of the project. Resettlement components or free-standing resettlement projects need not be economically viable on their own, but they should be cost-effective. 21. The borrower ensures that the Project Implementation Plan is fully consistent with the resettlement instrument. 22. As a condition of appraisal of projects involving resettlement, the borrower provides the Bank with the relevant draft resettlement instrument which conforms to this policy, and makes it available at a place accessible to displaced persons and local NGOs, in a form, manner, and language that are understandable to them. Once the Bank accepts this instrument as providing an adequate basis for project appraisal, the Bank makes it available to the public through its InfoShop. After the Bank has approved the final resettlement instrument, the Bank and the borrower disclose it again in the same manner.23 23. The borrower's obligations to carry out the resettlement instrument and to keep the Bank informed of implementation progress are provided for in the legal agreements for the project. 24. The borrower is responsible for adequate monitoring and evaluation of the activities set forth in the resettlement instrument. The Bank regularly supervises resettlement implementation to determine compliance with the resettlement instrument. Upon completion of the project, the borrower undertakes an assessment to determine whether the objectives of the resettlement instrument have been achieved. The assessment takes into account the baseline conditions and the results of resettlement monitoring. If the assessment reveals that these objectives may not be realized, the borrower should propose follow-up measures that may serve as the basis for continued Bank supervision, as the Bank deems appropriate (see also BP 4.12, para. 16). Euroestudios S.L. 6 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Resettlement Instruments Resettlement Plan 25. A draft resettlement plan that conforms to this policy is a condition of appraisal (see Annex A, paras. 2-21) for projects referred to in para. 17(a) above.24 However, where impacts on the entire displaced population are minor,25 or fewer than 200 people are displaced, an abbreviated resettlement plan may be agreed with the borrower (see Annex A, para. 22). The information disclosure procedures set forth in para. 22 apply. Resettlement Policy Framework 26. For sector investment operations that may involve involuntary resettlement, the Bank requires that the project implementing agency screen subprojects to be financed by the Bank to ensure their consistency with this OP. For these operations, the borrower submits, prior to appraisal, a resettlement policy framework that conforms to this policy (see Annex A, paras. 23-25). The framework also estimates, to the extent feasible, the total population to be displaced and the overall resettlement costs. 27. For financial intermediary operations that may involve involuntary resettlement, the Bank requires that the financial intermediary (Fl) screen subprojects to be financed by the Bank to ensure their consistency with this OP. For these operations, the Bank requires that before appraisal the borrower or the Fl submit to the Bank a resettlement policy framework conforming to this policy (see Annex A, paras. 23-25). In addition, the framework includes an assessment of the institutional capacity and procedures of each of the Fls that will be responsible for subproject financing. When, in the assessment of the Bank, no resettlement is envisaged in the subprojects to be financed by the Fl, a resettlement policy framework is not required. Instead, the legal agreements specify the obligation of the FIs to obtain from the potential subborrowers a resettlement plan consistent with this policy if a subproject gives rise to resettlement. For all subprojects involving resettlement, the resettlement plan is provided to the Bank for approval before the subproject is accepted for Bank financing. 28. For other Bank-assisted project with multiple subprojects26 that may involve involuntary resettlement, the Bank requires that a draft resettlement plan conforming to this policy be submitted to the Bank before appraisal of the project unless, because of the nature and design of the project or of a specific subproject or subprojects (a) the zone of impact of subprojects cannot be determined, or (b) the zone of impact is known but precise sitting alignments cannot be determined. In such cases, the borrower submits a resettlement policy framework consistent with this policy prior to appraisal (see Annex A, paras. 23-25). For other subprojects that do not fall within the above criteria, a resettlement plan conforming to this policy is required prior to appraisal. 29. For each subproject included in a project described in paras. 26, 27, or 28 that may involve resettlement, the Bank requires that a satisfactory resettlement plan or an abbreviated resettlement plan that is consistent with the provisions of the policy framework be submitted to the Bank for approval before the subproject is accepted for Bank financing. Euroestudios S.L. 7 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 30. For projects described in paras. 26-28 above, the Bank may agree, in writing, that subproject resettlement plans may be approved by the project implementing agency or a responsible government agency or financial intermediary without prior Bank review, if that agency has demonstrated adequate institutional capacity to review resettlement plans and ensure their consistency with this policy. Any such delegation, and appropriate remedies for the entity's approval of resettlement plans found not to be in compliance with Bank policy, are provided for in the legal agreements for the project. In all such cases, implementation of the resettlement plans is subject to ex post review by the Bank. Process Framework 31. For projects involving restriction of access in accordance with para. 3(b) above, the borrower provides the Bank with a draft process framework that conforms to the relevant provisions of this policy as a condition of appraisal. In addition, during project implementation and before to enforcing of the restriction, the borrower prepares a plan of action, acceptable to the Bank, describing the specific measures to be undertaken to assist the displaced persons and the arrangements for their implementation. The plan of action could take the form of a natural resources management plan prepared for the project. Assistance to the Borrower 32. In furtherance of the objectives of this policy, the Bank may at a borrower's request support the borrower and other concerned entities by providing (a) assistance to assess and strengthen resettlement policies, strategies, legal frameworks, and specific plans at a country, regional, or sectoral level; (b) financing of technical assistance to strengthen the capacities of agencies responsible for resettlement, or of affected people to participate more effectively in resettlement operations; (c) financing of technical assistance for developing resettlement policies, strategies, and specific plans, and for implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of resettlement activities; and (d) financing of the investment costs of resettlement. 33. The Bank may finance either a component of the main investment causing displacement and requiring resettlement, or a free-standing resettlement project with appropriate cross-conditionalities, processed and implemented in parallel with the investment that causes the displacement. The Bank may finance resettlement even though it is not financing the main investment that makes resettlement necessary. 1. "Bank" includes IBRD and IDA; "loans" includes IDA credits and IDA grants, guarantees, Project Preparation Facility (PPF) advances and grants; and "projects" includes projects under (a) adaptable program lending; (b) learning and innovation loans; (c) PPFs and Institutional Development Funds (IDFs), if they include investment activities; (d) grants under the Global Environment Facility and Montreal Protocol, for which the Bank is the implementing/executing agency; and (e) grants or loans provided by other donors that are administered by the Bank. The term "project" does not include programs under development policy lending operations. "Borrower" Euroestudios S.L. 8 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) also includes, wherever the context requires, the guarantor or the project implementing agency. 2. In devising approaches to resettlement in Bank-assisted projects, other Bank policies should be taken into account, as relevant. These policies include OP 4.01, Environmental Assessment, OP 4.04, Natural Habitats, OP 4.10, Indigenous Peoples, and OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources. 3. The term "displaced persons" refers to persons who are affected in any of the ways described in para. 3 of this OP. 4. Displaced persons under para. 3(b) should be assisted in their efforts to improve or restore their livelihoods in a manner that maintains the sustainability of the parks and protected areas. 5. Where there are adverse indirect social or economic impacts, it is good practice for the borrower to undertake a social assessment and implement measures to minimize and mitigate adverse economic and social impacts, particularly upon poor and vulnerable groups. Other environmental, social, and economic impacts that do not result from land taking may be identified and addressed through environmental assessments and other project reports and instruments. 6. This policy does not apply to restrictions of access to natural resources under community-based projects, i.e. where the community using the resources decides to restrict access to these resources, provided that an assessment satisfactory to the Bank establishes that the community decision-making process is adequate, and that it provides for identification of appropriate measures to mitigate adverse impacts, if any, on the vulnerable members of the community. This policy also does not cover refugees from natural disasters, war, or civil strife (see OP/BP 8.50, Emergency Recovery Assistance). 7. For purposes of this policy, "involuntary" means actions that may be taken without the displaced person's informed consent or power of choice. 8. "Land" includes anything growing on or permanently affixed to land, such as buildings and crops. This policy does not apply to regulations of natural resources on a national or regional level to promote their sustainability, such as watershed management, groundwater management, fisheries management, etc. The policy also does not apply to disputes between private parties in land titling projects, although it is good practice for the borrower to undertake a social assessment and implement measures to minimize and mitigate adverse social impacts, especially those affecting poor and vulnerable groups. 9. For the purposes of this policy, involuntary restriction of access covers restrictions on the use of resources imposed on people living outside the park or protected area, or on those who continue living inside the park or protected area during and after project implementation. In cases where new parks and protected areas are created as part of the project, persons who lose shelter, land, or other assets are covered under para. 3(a). Persons who lose shelter in existing parks and protected areas are also covered under para. 3(a). 10. The Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook provides good practice guidance to staff on the policy. 11. "Replacement cost" is the method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be taken into account (for a detailed definition of replacement cost, see Annex A, footnote 1). For losses that cannot easily be valued or compensated for in monetary terms (e.g., access to public services, customers, and suppliers; or to fishing, grazing, or forest areas), attempts are made to establish access to equivalent and culturally acceptable resources and earning opportunities. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by additional measures necessary to meet the replacement cost standard. Such additional assistance is distinct from resettlement assistance to be Euroestudios S.L. 9 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) provided under other clauses of para. 6. 12. If the residual of the asset being taken is not economically viable, compensation and other resettlement assistance are provided as if the entire asset had been taken. 13. The alternative assets are provided with adequate tenure arrangements. The cost of alternative residential housing, housing sites, business premises, and agricultural sites to be provided can be set off against all or part of the compensation payable for the corresponding asset lost. 14. Such support could take the form of short-term jobs, subsistence support, salary maintenance or similar arrangements 15. See OP I BP 4.10, Indigenous Peoples. 16. See OP 4.04, Natural Habitats. 17. As a general principle, this applies if the land taken constitutes less than 20% of the total productive area. 18. Paras. 13-15 do not apply to impacts covered under para. 3(b) of this policy. The eligibility criteria for displaced persons under 3 (b) are covered under the process framework (see paras. 7 and 30). 19. Such claims could be derived from adverse possession, from continued possession of public lands without government action for eviction (that is, with the implicit leave of the government), or from customary and traditional law and usage, and so on. 20. Resettlement assistance may consist of land, other assets, cash, employment, and so on, as appropriate. 21. Normally, this cut-off date is the date the census begins. The cut-off date could also be the date the project area was delineated, prior to the census, provided that there has been an effective public dissemination of information on the area delineated, and systematic and continuous dissemination subsequent to the delineation to prevent further population influx. 22. For projects that are highly risky or contentious, or that involve significant and complex resettlement activities, the borrower should normally engage an advisory panel of independent, internationally recognized resettlement specialists to advise on all aspects of the project relevant to the resettlement activities. The size, role, and frequency of meeting depend on the complexity of the resettlement. If independent technical advisory panels are established under OP 4.01, Environmental Assessment, the resettlement panel may form part of the environmental panel of experts. See The World Bank Policy on Disclosure of Information, para. 34, (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2002). 24. An exception to this requirement may be made in highly unusual circumstances (such as emergency recovery operations) with the approval of Bank Management (see BP 4.12, para. 8). In such cases, the Management's approval stipulates a timetable and budget for developing the resettlement plan. 25. Impacts are considered "minor" if the affected people are not physically displaced and less than 10% of their productive assets are lost. 26. For purpose of this paragraph, the term "subprojects" includes components and subcomponents. Euroestudios S.L. 10 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) OP 4.12 --Annex A December 2001 Involuntary Resettlement Instruments 1. This annex describes the elements of a resettlement plan, an abbreviated resettlement plan, a resettlement policy framework, and a resettlement process framework, as discussed in OP 4.12, paras. 17-31. Resettlement Plan 2. The scope and level of detail of the resettlement plan vary with the magnitude and complexity of resettlement. The plan is based on up-to-date and reliable information about (a) the proposed resettlement and its impacts on the displaced persons and other adversely affected groups, and (b) the legal issues involved in resettlement. The resettlement plan covers the elements below, as relevant. When any element is not relevant to project circumstances, it should be noted in the resettlement plan. 3. Description of the project. General description of the project and identification of the project area. 4. Potential impacts. Identification of (a) the project component or activities that give rise to resettlement; (b) the zone of impact of such component or activities; (c) the alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement; and (d) the mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, to the extent possible, during project implementation. 5. Objectives. The main objectives of the resettlement program. 6. Socioeconomic studies. The findings of socioeconomic studies to be conducted in the early stages of project preparation and with the involvement of potentially displaced people, including (a) the results of a census survey covering (i) current occupants of the affected area to establish a basis for the design of the resettlement program and to exclude subsequent inflows of people from eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistance; (ii) standard characteristics of displaced households, including a description of production systems, labor, and household organization; and baseline information on livelihoods (including, as relevant, production levels and income derived from both formal and informal economic activities) and standards of living (including health status) of the displaced population; Euroestudios S.L. 11 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) (iii) the magnitude of the expected loss-total or partial-of assets, and the extent of displacement, physical or economic; (iv) information on vulnerable groups or persons as provided for in OP 4.12, para. 8, for whom special provisions may have to be made; and (v) provisions to update information on the displaced people's livelihoods and standards of living at regular intervals so that the latest information is available at the time of their displacement. (b) Other studies describing the following (i) land tenure and transfer systems, including an inventory of common property natural resources from which people derive their livelihoods and sustenance, non-title-based usufruct systems (including fishing, grazing, or use of forest areas) governed by local recognized land allocation mechanisms, and any issues raised by different tenure systems in the project area; (ii) the patterns of social interaction in the affected communities, including social networks and social support systems, and how they will be affected by the project; (iii) public infrastructure and social services that will be affected; and (iv) social and cultural characteristics of displaced communities, including a description of formal and informal institutions (e.g., community organizations, ritual groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)) that may be relevant to the consultation strategy and to designing and implementing the resettlement activities. 7. Legal framework. The findings of an analysis of the legal framework, covering (a) the scope of the power of eminent domain and the nature of compensation associated with it, in terms of both the valuation methodology and the timing of payment; (b) the applicable legal and administrative procedures, including a description of the remedies available to displaced persons in the judicial process and the normal timeframe for such procedures, and any available alternative dispute resolution mechanisms that may be relevant to resettlement under the project; (c) relevant law (including customary and traditional law) governing land tenure, valuation of assets and losses, compensation, and natural resource usage rights; customary personal law related to displacement; and environmental laws and social welfare legislation; (d) laws and regulations relating to the agencies responsible for implementing resettlement activities; Euroestudios S.L. 12 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) (e) gaps, if any, between local laws covering eminent domain and resettlement and the Bank's resettlement policy, and the mechanisms to i bridge such gaps; and (f) any legal steps necessary to ensure the effective implementation of resettlement activities under the project, including, as appropriate, a process for recognizing claims to legal rights to land-including claims that derive from customary law and traditional usage (see OP 4.12, para.15 (b)). 8. Institutional Framework. The findings of an analysis of the institutional framework covering (a) the identification of agencies responsible for resettlement activities and NGOs that may have a role in project implementation; (b) an assessment of the institutional capacity of such agencies and NGOs; and (c) any steps that are proposed to enhance the institutional capacity of agencies and NGOs responsible for resettlement implementation. 9. Eligibility. Definition of displaced persons and criteria for determining their eligibility for compensation and other resettlement assistance, including relevant cut-off dates. 10. Valuation of and compensation for losses. The methodology to be used in valuing losses to determine their replacement cost; and a description of the proposed types and levels of compensation under local law and such supplementary measures as are necessary to achieve replacement cost for lost assets.: 11. Resettlement measures. A description of the packages of compensation and other resettlement measures that will assist each category of eligible displaced persons to achieve the objectives of the policy (see OP 4.12, para. 6). In addition to being technically and economically feasible, the resettlement packages should be compatible with the cultural preferences of the displaced persons, and prepared in consultation with them. 12. Site selection, site preparation, and relocation. Alternative relocation sites considered and explanation of those selected, covering (a) institutional and technical arrangements for identifying and preparing relocation sites, whether rural or urban, for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least comparable to the advantages of the old sites, with an estimate of the time needed to acquire and transfer land and ancillary resources; (b) any measures necessary to prevent land speculation or influx of ineligible persons at the selected sites; (c) procedures for physical relocation under the project, including timetables for site preparation and transfer; and (d) legal arrangements for regularizing tenure and transferring titles to resettlers. Euroestudios S.L. 13 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 13. Housing, infrastructure, and social services. Plans to provide (or to finance resettlers' provision of) housing, infrastructure ge.g., water supply, feeder roads), and social services (e.g., schools, health services);- plans to ensure comparable services to host populations; any necessary site development, engineering, and architectural designs for these facilities. 14. Environmental protection and management. A description of the boundaries of the relocation area; and an assessment of the environmental impacts of the proposed resettlement3 and measures to mitigate and manage these impacts (coordinated as appropriate with the environmental assessment of the main investment requiring the resettlement). 15. Community participation. Involvement of resettlers and host communities, 4 including (a) a description of the strategy for consultation with and participation of resettlers and hosts in the design and implementation of the resettlement activities; (b) a summary of the views expressed and how these views were taken into account in preparing the resettlement plan; (c) a review of the resettlement alternatives presented and the choices made by displaced persons regarding options available to them, including choices related to forms of compensation and resettlement assistance, to relocating as individuals families or as parts of preexisting communities or kinship groups, to sustaining existing patterns of group organization, and to retaining access to cultural property (e.g. places of worship, pilgrimage centers, cemeteries);S and (d) institutionalized arrangements by which displaced people can communicate their concerns to project authorities throughout planning and implementation, and measures to ensure that such vulnerable groups as indigenous people, ethnic minorities, the landless, and women are adequately represented. 16. Integration with host populations. Measures to mitigate the impact of resettlement on any host communities, including (a) consultations with host communities and local governments; (b) arrangements for prompt tendering of any payment due the hosts for land or other assets provided to resettlers; (c) arrangements for addressing any conflict that may arise between resettlers and host communities; and (d) any measures necessary to augment services (e.g., education, water, health, and production services) in host communities to make them at least comparable to services available to resettlers. 17. Grievance procedures. Affordable and accessible procedures for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement; such grievance mechanisms should Euroestudios S L. 14 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) take into account the availability of judicial recourse and community and traditional dispute settlement mechanisms. 18. Organizational responsibilities. The organizational framework for implementing resettlement, including identification of agencies responsible for delivery of resettlement measures and provision of services; arrangements to ensure appropriate coordination between agencies and jurisdictions involved in implementation; and any measures (including technical assistance) needed to strengthen the implementing agencies' capacity to design and carry out resettlement activities; provisions for the transfer to local authorities or resettlers themselves of responsibility for managing facilities and services provided under the project and for transferring other such responsibilities from the resettlement implementing agencies, when appropriate. 19. Implementation schedule. An implementation schedule covering all resettlement activities from preparation through implementation, including target dates for the achievement of expected benefits to resettlers and hosts and terminating the various forms of assistance. The schedule should indicate how the resettlement activities are linked to the implementation of the overall project. 20. Costs and budget. Tables showing itemized cost estimates for all resettlement activities, including allowances for inflation, population growth, and other contingencies; timetables for expenditures; sources of funds; and arrangements for timely flow of funds, and funding for resettlement, if any, in areas outside the jurisdiction of the implementing agencies. 21. Monitoring and evaluation. Arrangements for monitoring of resettlement activities by the implementing agency, supplemented by independent monitors as considered appropriate by the Bank, to ensure complete and objective information; performance monitoring indicators to measure inputs, outputs, and outcomes for resettlement activities; involvement of the displaced persons in the monitoring process; evaluation of the impact of resettlement for a reasonable period after all resettlement and related development activities have been completed; using the results of resettlement monitoring to guide subsequent implementation. Abbreviated Resettlement Plan 22. An abbreviated plan covers the following minimum elements:6 (a) a census survey of displaced persons and valuation of assets; (b) description of compensation and other resettlement assistance to be provided; (c) consultations with displaced people about acceptable alternatives; (d) institutional responsibility for implementation and procedures for grievance redress; (e) arrangements for monitoring and implementation; and (f) a timetable and budget. Resettlement Policy Framework Euroestudios S.L. 15 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 23. The purpose of the policy framework is to clarify resettlement principles, organizational arrangements, and design criteria to be applied to subprojects to be prepared during project implementation (see OP 4.12, paras. 26-28). Subproject resettlement plans consistent with the policy framework subsequently are submitted to the Bank for approval after specific planning information becomes available (see OP 4.12, para. 29). 24. The resettlement policy framework covers the following elements, consistent with the provisions described in OP 4.12, paras. 2 and 4: (a) a brief description of the project and components for which land acquisition and resettlement are required, and an explanation of why a resettlement plan as described in paras. 2-21 or an abbreviated plan as described in para. 22 cannot be prepared by project appraisal; (b) principles and objectives governing resettlement preparation and implementation; (c) a description of the process for preparing and approving resettlement plans; (d) estimated population displacement and likely categories of displaced persons, to the extent feasible; (e) eligibility criteria for defining various categories of displaced persons; (f) a legal framework reviewing the fit between borrower laws and regulations and Bank policy requirements and measures proposed to bridge any gaps between them; (g) methods of valuing affected assets; (h) organizational procedures for delivery of entitlements, including, for projects involving private sector intermediaries, the responsibilities of the financial intermediary, the government, and the private developer; (i) a description of the implementation process, linking resettlement implementation to civil works; (j) a description of grievance redress mechanisms; (k) a description of the arrangements for funding resettlement, including the preparation and review of cost estimates, the flow of funds, and contingency arrangements; (I) a description of mechanisms for consultations with, and participation of, displaced persons in planning, implementation, and monitoring; and (m) arrangements for monitoring by the implementing agency and, if required, by independent monitors. Euroestudios S.L. 16 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) 25. When a resettlement policy framework is the only document that needs to be submitted as a condition of the loan, the resettlement plan to be submitted as a condition of subproject financing need not include the policy principles, entitlements, and eligibility criteria, organizational arrangements, arrangements for monitoring and evaluation, the framework for participation, and mechanisms for grievance redress set forth in the resettlement policy framework. The subproject-specific resettlement plan needs to include baseline census and socioeconomic survey information; specific compensation rates and standards; policy entitlements related to any additional impacts identified through the census or survey; description of resettlement sites and programs for improvement or restoration of livelihoods and standards of living; implementation schedule for resettlement activities; and detailed cost estimate. Euroestudios S.L. 17 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) Process Framework 26. A process framework is prepared when Bank-supported projects may cause restrictions in access to natural resources in legally designated parks and protected areas. The purpose of the process framework is to establish a process by which members of potentially affected communities participate in design of project components, determination of measures necessary to achieve resettlement policy objectives, and implementation and monitoring of relevant project activities (see OP 4.12, paras. 7 and 31). 27. Specifically, the process framework describes participatory processes by which the following activities will be accomplished (a) Project components will be prepared and implemented. The document should briefly describe the project and components or activities that may involve new or more stringent restrictions on natural resource use. It should also describe the process by which potentially displaced persons participate in project design. (b) Criteria for eligibility of affected persons will be determined. The document should establish that potentially affected communities will be involved in identifying any adverse impacts, assessing of the significance of impacts, and establishing of the criteria for eligibility for any mitigating or compensating measures necessary. (c) Measures to assist affected persons in their efforts to improve their livelihoods or restore them, in real terms, to pre-displacement levels, while maintaining the sustainability of the park or protected area will be identified. The document should describe methods and procedures by which communities will identify and choose potential mitigating or compensating measures to be provided to those adversely affected, and procedures by which adversely affected community members will decide among the options available to them. (d) Potential conflicts or grievances within or between affected communities will be resolved. The document should describe the process for resolving disputes relating to resource use restrictions that may arise between or among affected communities, and grievances that may arise from members of communities who are dissatisfied with the eligibility criteria, community planning measures, or actual implementation. Additionally, the process framework should describe arrangements relating to the following (e) Administrative and legal procedures. The document should review agreements reached regarding the process approach with relevant administrative jurisdictions and line ministries (including clear delineation for administrative and financial responsibilities under the project). (f) Monitoring arrangements. The document should review arrangements for participatory monitoring of project activities as they relate to (beneficial and adverse) impacts on persons within the project impact area, and for Euroestudios S.L. 18 Social Assessment Report (SA),November 2006 Annex 5 Resettlement Policy Framework (PIDP) monitoring the effectiveness of measures taken to improve (or at minimum restore) incomes and living standards. 1. With regard to land and structures, "replacement cost" is defined as follows: For agricultural land, it is the pre-project or pre-displacement, whichever is higher, market value of land of equal productive potential or use located in the vicinity of the affected land, plus the cost of preparing the land to levels similar to those of the affected land, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes. For land in urban areas, it is the pre-displacement market value of land of equal size and use, with similar or improved public infrastructure facilities and services and located in the vicinity of the affected land, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes. For houses and other structures, it is the market cost of the materials to build a replacement structure with an area and quality similar to or better than those of the affected structure, or to repair a partially affected structure, plus the cost of transporting building materials to the construction site, plus the cost of any labor and contractors' fees, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes. In determining the replacement cost, depreciation of the asset and the value of salvage materials are not taken into account, nor is the value of benefits to be derived from the project deducted from the valuation of an affected asset. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by additional measures so as to meet the replacement cost standard. Such additional assistance is distinct from resettlement measures to be provided under other clauses in OP 4.12, para. 6. 2. Provision of health care services, particularly for pregnant women, infants, and the elderly, may be important during and after relocation to prevent increases in morbidity and mortality due to malnutrition, the psychological stress of being uprooted, and the increased risk of disease. 3. Negative impacts that should be anticipated and mitigated include, for rural resettlement, deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, sanitation, and pollution; for urban resettlement, projects should address such density-related issues as transportation capacity and access to potable water, sanitation systems, and health facilities. 4. Experience has shown that local NGOs often provide valuable assistance and ensure viable community participation. 5. OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources. 6. In case some of the displaced persons lose more than 10% of their productive assets or require physical relocation, the plan also covers a socioeconomic survey and income restoration measures. Euroestudios S.L. 19 the PlOP P ID 7;4 01 s tttu.... / rs 4~ @S 7i *4 r,k , Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) ANNEX 6 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES FRAMEWORK PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION IRRIGATON PROJECT (PIDP) Euroestudios S.L. 1 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Annex 6 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES FRAMEWORK For Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 1. The Project 1. The PIDP is project of the Philippine Government with World Bank Assistance and aims to boost rice productivity by optimizing the irrigation potential of the different irrigation systems in the selected regions. The Project calls for the immediate improvement, rehabilitation and modernization of the existing irrigation systems in collaboration with the farmer's irrigators association (lAs) and the local government units (LGUs). Interestingly however, the irrigation sector has been insulated from one of the previous decades' major social reform agenda which recognized and vested upon Indigenous peoples rights over their ancestral domains. Most of the areas held in consideration are mostly found in the upland sector of the public domain. Now that the IPRA law has been upheld with finality by the Supreme Court and the extent of delineation and awarding of native titles has widened, it is inevitable that succeeding operational plans of ancestral domains shall bear some impacts on system areas, that are legally part of or actively influenced by IP areas. The proposed rehabilitation and improvement of the system will be watched closely by indigenous communities, as it will certainly affect not only IP areas, but as well as IA members and households which are part of the their kinship structure. The World Bank's principles of Inclusion, empowerment and security will hold special meaning to stakeholders of the candidate systems, given the mix of IP and non-IP participation in the system's irrigation management transfer scheme. The IMT scheme might have to be re-tailored to adapt to special sensitivities involving IP rights versus non-IP security. 2. Framework Objectives 2. The Framework and Procedural Guidelines seek to ensure that Indigenous Peoples are informed, meaningfully consulted and mobilized to participate in the identification, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of sub-projects to be supported by PIDP. Their participation can provide them with benefits of more certainty and/or protect them from any potential adverse impacts of sub-projects to be financed by the Project. 3. The Policy Framework and Procedural Guidelines for Indigenous Peoples proposed for the Project have been prepared within the context of the World Bank Operational Policy (# 4.10), which instructs Bank-supported Projects to give protection to IPs with regards to mitigating possible adverse impacts of investments and requires the development of an IP Action Plan should Projects have potential adverse impacts on IP populations. 3. Definition 4. The law has specified a definition of the "Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) or "Indigenous Peoples (IPs) as: Euroestudios S.L. 2 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) "Indigenous Peoples refer to a group of people or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription by other, who have continuously lived as organized community in communally bounded and defined territory, and who have under claims of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories, sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions and distinctive cultural traits or who have, through resistance to political ,social and cultural inroads of colonization, non- indigenous religions and cultures have become historically differentiated from the majority of Filipinos. ICCs/IPPs shall, likewise include people who are regarded as indigenous on account of their descent from the populations who inhabited the country, at the time of conquest or colonization or at the time of inroads of non-indigenous religions and cultures or the establishment of present state boundaries who retain some of all their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions, but who my have been displaced from their traditional domains, or who may have resettled outside their ancestral domain 4. Current Legal and Institutional Framework 5. The Philippines is recognized for its progressive policy and legal support for Indigenous Peoples rights. It has supported various international agreements and conventions to protect the rights and culture of IPs, among them: Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities; United Nations Draft Universal Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. 6. The 1987 Constitution, laid the foundation for the recognition of the rights of the IPs to their ancestral domains and their power of dominion over their lands and resources. Among its pertinent provisions are: a) Section 17, Art. XIV: "customary laws governing property rights or relations shall be applied in determining the ownership and extent of ancestral domains; and b) Section 22, Art. II, Section 5, Art. XiI: "...the rights of indigenous peoples to natural resources pertaining to their lands shall be specially safeguarded..." These rights include the right of the IPs to participate in the use, management and conservation of natural resources. c) The right to stay in their territory and not be removed there from except when relocation is necessary as an exceptional measure, as in the case of an ecological disaster or armed conflict. IPs has a right to return to their territories once the ground for relocation ceases. 7. Before the legal basis for the IPs was laid by the tenth Congress, The rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Peoples were bannered in the Social Reform Agenda in the early 1990's. The initial task of recognizing and establishing ancestral domain claims was given to the DENR (DAO No. 2 Series of 1993), since most of the lands under consideration are part of the public land domain. It finally became a landmark law, when Congress passed Republic Act No. 8371, the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997. The law states certain requirements in activities and programs affecting Indigenous Peoples. Some relevant provisions include: Euroestudios S.L. 3 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) a) Chapter 111, Section 7b: "...lPs have the right to an informed and intelligent participation in the formation and implementation of any project, government or private that will impact on their ancestral domain... " b) Chapter IV, Section 16: "...IPs have the right to participate in decision- making, in all matters which may affect their rights, lives and destinies, through procedures determined by them as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous political structures..." 8. Henceforth, under the law, IPs are vested with the right to self -governance and empowerment. This is operationalized through the mechanism of Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC). The NCIP is mandated to ensure that IP rights and concerns are protected and advanced. Thus, all procedural requirements from delineation to remediation find their course in the NCIP's administrative system. 9. Pursuant to Section 80 of the IPRA law, some relevant implementing rules and regulations are used for guidance: a) Right to Stay in Territories and Not to be Displaced There from (Rule 3, Part 11Sec.4 (a,b, c) . The rights of ICCs/lPs to stay in their territories shall remain inviolate. No ICCs/lPs shall be relocated without their free and prior informed consent or through any means other than eminent domain. b) All persons or entities allowed under the Act to participate in land development, utilization, exploitation, and extraction of natural resources, and government offices or agencies allowed to undertake or implement infrastructure projects within ancestral lands/domains, shall submit to the NCIP, through the concerned Regional Office, a culture-sensitive Environmental Conservation and Protection Program (ECPP) stating in detail the environmental impact of such activities or projects proposed, control and rehabilitation measures and financial resource allocations therefore, implementation schedules, compliance guarantees and evaluation and monitoring schemes (Rule 3,Part 11 Sec 6 (b). c) Rule 4, Part 3, Sec 7 (a, b, c), Development and Cultural Activities Subject to Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC). Policies, programs, projects, plans and activities subject to free and prior informed consent shall include but not limited to the following * Exploration, development, exploitation and utilization of natural resources within ancestral domains/lands; * Research in indigenous knowledge, systems and practices related to agriculture, forestry, watershed and resource management systems; * Displacement and Relocation 5. The Typology of Indigenous Peoples (IPs) in the PIDP System 10. It is important to distinguish three types of IPs that are linked with the system. Each of these types will require customized participation strategies, as each will demand unique requirements for integration with the Project's Implementation process. Euroestudios S.L. 4 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) Type 1: ICCs/lPs generally within the Irrigation System but are not covered by recognized ancestral domain claims/title Upper Chico River Irrigation System (Kalinga tribes) Type 2 ICCs/IPs Generally inhabiting ancestral lands outside the system but with unvalidated claims over specific areas within the system * Lupon River Irrigation System (Mandayas) * Batutu River Irrigation System (Mandayas) Type 3: IPs with Ancestral Claims Outside the System (and with Strategic Control of Land and Water Resources) * Abulug-Apayao Irrigation System (Isnegs) * Agos River Irrigation System (Dumagats) * Dummun River Irrigation System (Agtas) * Upper Chico River Irrigation System (Kalingas) Type 4: ICCs/lPs living immediately outside the system with no known ancestral domain claim Pinacanauan River Irrigation System (Agtas) 6. Principles and Protocols for the Promotion of IP Rights and Welfare 11. The processes and procedures for consultation towards the attainment of Free and Prior Informed Consent should be guided by the following principles and protocols. A. Respect 12. The rights of Indigenous people to own and control their resources and cultures should be respected. Diversity of Indigenous cultures should be acknowledged and encouraged. Indigenous worldviews, lifestyles and customary laws (such as the Laws of the Bodong) on resource management should be respected in contemporary life. B. Indigenous Control 13. Indigenous people have the right to self-determination in their economic development and cultural affairs. C. Consultation, Communication and Consent 14. Indigenous people should be consulted on the way in which their history, community, natural resources, lives and families are represented and used. Euroestudios S.L. 5 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 15. Indigenous people should be consulted on the use of their natural resources and representation of their Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property. 16. Prior to use, Indigenous peoples should be informed on the implications of consent. 17. Consultation should address the communal nature of Indigenous society, natural resource use and management and cultural expression. 18. Cultural differences and preferences on leadership should be recognized prior to drawing indigenous peoples to consultations. In such manner any consultative process may require independently consulting different tribal groups on their views. 19. Consultations should encourage and allow indigenous peoples to express their views in their own language and documented in the language understood by them. D. Interpretation, Integrity and Authenticity 20. Indigenous people should be consulted concerning the integrity and authenticity of the ways in which their history, community, views, lives and families are represented. 21. Indigenous people should be consulted concerning the integrity and authenticity of the representation of their cultural and intellectual property. E. Attribution 22. Indigenous people should be given proper credit and appropriate acknowledgement for their achievements. 23. Indigenous people should be given proper credit and appropriate acknowledgement for their contributions and roles in the development of stories. 24. Indigenous people should be given proper credit and appropriate acknowledgement for the use of their land resources and cultural material. F. Sharing of Benefits 25. The contribution of Indigenous people should be recognized by payment where appropriate. 26. Indigenous people have the right to be paid for the use of their land resources and Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property. 27. Indigenous people should have the right to control exploitation of their natural resources cultural and intellectual property. If consent is given Indigenous people have the right to share in the benefits from any commercialization of their Indigenous cultural material. Euroestudios S.L. 6 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) G. Recognition and Protection under the Law 28. Indigenous people have the right to protection of their natural resource based including their cultural and intellectual property. 7. Operational Strategies for Recognition of Indigenous Peoples Issues a) Facilitate Technical Assistance for Affected IP Communities 29. The IPs/Cultural Communities in the relevant systems shall participate in the identification and planning for sub-projects located within their barangay or ancestral domains. In specific system areas where IPs are present or where the communities fall within the ancestral domains of IPs, the Program shall ensure that Technical Assistance is provided to enable the IPs to participate meaningfully in the planning process. b) Application of Appropriate Communication and Social Marketing Tools 30. Orientation meetings, dialogues must be conducted in the local or native language. In addition, facilitators must use simple and uncomplicated process flows during these sessions. c) Use of Process Documentation in Every Activity and Legal Documentation with IP Communities to Ensure Compliance to Agreements Made 31. Project implementers must adhere to the requirements for documentation of meetings conducted with IP communities, especially those which pertain to acquisition by sub-project proponents of the Free and Prior Informed Consent. The PMO together with provincial, municipal and barangay LGUs shall not proceed with sub-project endorsements or appraisal processes, unless the corresponding documentation of meetings with the IP communities are attached to the sub-project proposals submitted for review/approval. d) IP Participation in Development, Monitoring and Evaluation of Mitigation Measures 32. Where sub-projects pose potential adverse impacts on the environment and the socio-economic-cultural-political lives of these IP communities, IPs must be informed of such impacts and their rights to compensation. Compensation for land and other assets to be acquired will follow the Project's Policy Framework on Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Rehabilitation. 33. Should IPs grant their approval for such sub-projects, affected IP communities must be part and parcel of the development of mitigation measures. The PMO must ensure that action plans are drawn to be able to monitor and evaluate the implementation of such mitigation measures and compensation agreements, with the active involvement of affected communities of IPs. The PMO, through the Municipal Euroestudios S.L. 7 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) partners, should not allow work to commence on any sub-project until compensation and/or the required rituals have been completed to the satisfaction of the Indigenous tribes affected. 8. Specific Menu of Actions a) For IP Claims within System Area 34. Participatory Mapping and Resource Inventory. This activity has to be undertaken when ancestral claim is made inside the command area of the system. The "groundtruthing" exercise has to be done in the presence of the NCIP field officer, who shall certify if such claim is valid and with legal and historical basis. 35. Establish History of Ancestral Claim Versus System Coverage. The Technical Working Group has to establish a narrative account of the ancestral claim relative to the time the area was traversed by the canal system. It is important that the NCIP field officer and a recognized tribal leader are present during the interviews. If a new area will be traversed and these are already part of an established ancestral domain claim, Free and Prior Informed Consent will have to applied for consideration of the tribal association 36. Determine Arrangements for Compensation for Beneficial Use of Land. If a claim is validly established, the TWG shall discuss options for compensation to be presented to the PMO for consideration. The claimant shall be consulted on the compensation plan after a decision is made at the PMO level. 37. Bind Through A Memorandum of Agreement. A MOA should be sufficient to bind the parties in an agreement underlying continued use of the land. The agreement should outline the responsibilities and compensation arrangement. b) For IPs Outside of System (But with Strategic Control of Watershed) 38. Facilitate joint delineation of watershed affecting the system. The Technical Working Group needs to facilitate the identification and delineation of the watershed unit which has direct influence over the system. To accomplish this will require multicultural participation involving DENR, Local Government, NCIP and local NGO participation. The TWG should use this as a leverage to cause the DENR to functionally consider the unit as a priority watershed, since its supports a national irrigation system. 39 Undertake joint characterization of watershed. In order to identify the critical areas for project intervention, the delineation should provide the starting point for a joint appraisal to generate a proper appreciation of watershed properties relative to land use, water resources, other stakeholders, including human settlements. The characterization should identify specific needs, expressed in zones of cooperation between the project and the responsible stakeholders such as the tribal association. 40. Establish Ancestral Domain Coverage and Review ADSDPP, if any. The characterization exercise should provide the entry point to accurately establish the ancestral domain coverage vis a vis irrigation system coverage. If the ancestral domain is covered by an approved plan (ADSDPP, the TWG should determine its implications to the management of the system Euroestudios S.L. 8 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 41. Draft Memorandum of Agreement. To establish a functional spatial relationship between the lAs at the downstream and the IPs at the upstream, a MOA should provide the relevant instrument. This should outline specific areas of cooperation and mechanisms for implementation, monitoring and feedback. The MOA should emphasize consultative mechanisms, to provide a window where lAs can participate in processes involving major allocative decisions on land use, particularly where water supply is at stake from prospective mineral development projects. 9. Coordination, Supervision, and Monitoring 42. To ensure compliance by concerned Program stakeholders to the guidelines set forth in this Policy Framework, the following mechanisms and processes will be followed during Program implementation: 43. The PMO will facilitate the deliberate inclusion of IP representatives and the relevant staff from the National Commission of Indigenous Peoples to the various levels of Project decision-making units of the PIDP .The staff assigned the responsibility shall be expected to substantially contribute to the realization of the objectives of the PIDP Policy Framework on Indigenous Peoples. Additionally, the staff should ensure that compliance by all concerned to the general principles and operational strategies contained herein shall be enforced. 44. The project proposal format will include screening for safeguard issues, including for the IP groups, and for special needs with regards to appropriate consultation, participation, implementation procedures and monitoring. 45. Supervision meetings/visits of project or subproject activities will be done regularly by the PMO through the Technical Working Groups assigned to each area. The TWGs should involve the local IP representatives in these meetings/visits. Documentation of such visits/meetings must be furnished the nearest service center of the NCIP, or its Provincial or Regional Office. The respective Focal Persons will monitor or help facilitate required follow-up actions to ensure that sub-projects benefit the IPs according to agreements, and that compensation or mitigation measures as documented are completed on time. 46. Supportive Monitoring will be done regularly, involving affected IP communities and NCIP representatives, with emphasis on the following concerns: * Verification as to whether the guiding principles for implementing subprojects with IP groups or communities are followed (see previous section). * Implementation review of subprojects in IP communities to determine whether these are being implemented as designed and approved. * Verify if funds for the IP sub-projects are provided in a timely manner and that the amounts released are sufficient for their purposes and that such funds are used judiciously (in accordance with the sub-project plans and provisions and in the Program's Operations Manual). Euroestudios S.L. 9 Social Assessment Report (SA), November 2006 Participatory Irrigation Development Project (PIDP) 0 the Documentation of all meetings, assemblies and other gatherings done during monitoring period, with copies furnished the affected IP community, LGU concerned at the barangay, municipal and provincial levels, NCIP Provincial and Regional offices, and the PMO. * Assess whether recommended solutions discussed during previous supportive monitoring visits have been implemented as committed. 9. Institutional Mechanisms for Complaints and Grievances 47. In the course of sub-project implementation, complaints or grievances from stakeholders are inevitable. All such complaints must be discussed in the specific IP community or locality where the sub-project is implemented. The formal local leadership at the barangay, together with the tribal leaders of the affected areas, will be tasked to facilitate public hearings and negotiations to resolve or provide redress to these complaints. Where necessary, an outside arbiter, preferably from the NCIP will be asked to participate in these discussions and/or negotiations. If negotiations are stalled, or if the IP communities disagree with the resolutions and all the possible options presented to them, they should be allowed to elevate such complaints first to the Provincial Representative of either the NCIP, with copies furnished to the PMO. Euroestudios S.L. 10 I 0 SIN y--_ Attachmet 1 Region It CORE - A NISs UNDER THE APL-1 OF PIDP UD1. rone A BanururRIS - 1,838 Sta. Teresita, Cagayan RegionI Creg A 2. Duimnn RIS Core A - 1,802 1.Upper Chico RIS -15,258 ,, Gattaran, Cagayan Tabuk Kalinga 2 3. Mallig RIS - 2,427 Mallig, Isabela 4. NV-Bagabag RIS - 2,022 Solano, Nueva Vizcaya - 5. Visitacion IS 1,A ' )Sta. Ana, Cagayan 6. Pinacanauan RIS - 880 Pefnablanca, Cagayan 7. Zinundungan RIS - 2,045 LasaM Cagayan - 8. Apayao-Abulog RIS - 10,794 (East Side) .'''i. - ............ Pudtod, Apayao NCR C-ore A Regio IV 1. THIRIS - 3,542 Core A 1. AgosRIS - 1,435 Infanta, Quezon . - I Calabanga, Caurines Sur - - - N omA 1. MaranclingPS - 4,926 Regon.e 7o0i-N o O .O { 8 7^q-Jt%h'oi Sapad, Lao de] Norte AP"M RegRioXi Core A 1. LupondiS - 26450 -- Lupon Davao ,Oiental 2. Batutu RIS - 3,269 ConmosteIa, Conpostela Valley t2,in p 1116. / w 73e NI S 0 t; toi[e, -§ £ t VS£7 .^zLL-4 - Attachment2 CORE- BNISs UNDERTHEAPL-1 OF PIDP Reg Or I 1.San Po Cbagn IS - 1,273 1.BongaPlwr#1 157 v, -nPoio, lsobea Sarrat, loos Node Z Tumauini IS - 3,615 Z Bong Pup #2 531 Tumauini,Isabela SanMdihoias, lloos Norte 3, Magait RS - 9084 3.Bo.,Pup np#3 - 201 Lallo, Cogyan LaoagCity, looo NoDrte t ' ) 4 Sobna FIS - 3,657 4 Cura - 55 , { r& - ,, Solano, Cagyan ura5,.llocosNorte 5. LoAr Chco S 1,856 'CAR Tuoo, Cagayan RepIi - - 6o buaRS 1,867 Capyn Goezag, 1.Anaglb-.mRIS -26,000 7.IAARS - Z308 San Mast, Btulacan jgig bF.) c. n. SU.Cyap ZCariling RS - 9,293 8 Baggao S.e Zt067 Carniing, Talon Baggao, Cgayn 1. Dddt 1 (RamorIsobda) - 21,797 LJl 2Didat2(Rainon. 2 Isabda) - 23241 3.0 3srid3(i4bnso-iStoIffugo - 2Z442 1 Cartingas - 256 NCR ' -* 4 Etddd4(MbnoUalfgo) - 1R830 Sa Fernondo, Pbnblon ''o 2 St nlraayor - 17'M l4,4 4A StaM1ia, Laguna - M 3E Bto13ucayao RS 8,037 . - 'g ,S on, 37 Ca;apan,OiientillMndom Labo Cxuie Norte2EsZ6 4 R nx 1056 - 2. Bi .262 4 BaonocRS - 1,056 Irip t, Carrines Sur Pagsardan, Lagunoa 5.Botang-Bota RS -1,071 Rzal,lAnd1oroCocddntal ! > < s 6. PhbnaFttS -1,005 ---4 Sta.Cruz, AidnDro Occidenbl -vg.41 VI eon- 1. Jalaur(Proper)S 8,862 - Snnje Pddoan 1.Bao (OnnocCty, Leyte) - 1,917 , lbA.) t Z SibalosTigbauan 2,020 ZMairit (langtJtag,Le?te) - 1,384r S du,O0 3. r" (Da Fe Leykte) -1,630D ; , < ;;|S 4. Snahaa North - ,8t,, ; j PaStrana, Leyte t >',Is,1, 5.Bnahan South - 1,410 t Pastrn, Leyte 6 Lovm nahaon 1,'20 Tabon-Tabon, Leyte - 7 Ginraonoa (gani, Leyte) 646 . 8.Dgtan (1urauen Lebyte)-850 9ISto(Jvier,Leyte) -1,411 , I v 10 Muaong(B rueu Leyt-1,400i,- 11.Ponpo RS (Brrngo, Lyle)y* 800&J ha7 1.lipolo 15 GxWftX. 1,60 Dorringag, Zontoanga delSur 1. lang Z220D 1l Roxms KuyaRS - 1,011 Kia;g, North CotabSi Minng Bukdkosn 2. Itusela 'lugg NDh Cdtso) -4,006 Ron Nh ------------- 1 Andanan RS 3,551 ... Bo..n S ?'3u-daq t Q(Ftqta . 7' a (a) c-a Is- in 0-) in L '2 C -& 4) C '2 --6 0 a C a V 'i'HE PAC r'A OFT'HEBIODONC O(1REAORD) Fxsccrt tar ttia'lC %vhich P iac biecn i IIS-en\ed ii>tac iahlLIs !lki'~the e -cofilmoo11 ai "Ibit~iat BLc. , Killz of Uaby tonl, the1 AbrhL!mrare tob(iak and otbeci Antle-iDeliivian blzlks l at liaioi vhcliei a\cic allt; um.ijicit In \\ Iit i I)g, all pi IIIIit i VI I wt; atI iaa I L' iId have lie J)C IIIII Id'LI L1I C ,11 10 Oic It j( II /i 'As? iiI t. 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I (L'?'. ll't I II nf fl ind ii 1 '' A iir p. s': in ,, -i tis .i-,l o;ntg< piilils 0iJ?n -:ti'.:' i] st 't '-l 'iio siti ' i Z)' :s ii,t i'lli s. ini z>E df1 .. l ;Iliol:iLrLi tL) rs |( Jt:i)l 1, ,,,-!1 t:cI!trtl - 'iSt- I 7. 11 ije t'/;L.il,:1 t iit1s 'I 1, thi A i-h u s iI Ipi 1; s?is 0 - *-J', .. , s i; 'is' 1uu i;*el 's-i }i u 'i ' 'i h ! i tr.#[i l{' ') y iii shuii! I ': f C Ii 't' i 'i i : I% SecU 0it 10. rS.indlti. Cr.lil F!, L ii t 'l c i, V ') Ig i' 'S Ii; I riM. .) (a; S, , widiiun ad'n;iannisgu of hi'or ls t unf'i,'u'u'i-ofu'-'IiI 'isit'' O- ' ,n'iS'Cilal 1,( nui tlie itoncy er prop'-'lly v.5'1'ht t Sictii 1:; t t' l i ii iil u, ! i'p'S.Cu l lite ii1ilc: iI;' ohsiJl pi foul- thc y1'cii: ol '1ili S'viilui,''' jV ' -l i li - j .t;LCionx i i .i111-.-VV\ (i1lla;Wc()ll5 h:c2fli 1:1 e \1n .,.1 i ./1. ;!.;;!:;,;.j.. the propur-ty oi~usi t,hcr any da'iisalu.'( si ll' pi cI 'ViI.? !.It' i J.;f' ii. t Istic i sd i itw ; :-IC. ic. 3!i'rJ,it,J ;fy 1' i;r i ' Ful.' ; h ;i :fA ( i. tl 1 i ilr tn I'rii;u s' . t't'SJCic1l 'sitS' *;hIl siihtsintcly, St'ic.i 'utit,>1(S[;; i:s:is?s!':t' eiS?i'-sii !Stisiistv'.';its : 'us- ,;l -5:: , d :- pic )ii! ss :;11 isI tisset iFid n fin I:. rsu'rd tj S1 I bc' itu1s'iu ;: nit sot .'./:ssilS,i -n-c ci'ie t 1 :Fs [i.- i! Jl; \ .: ,,;. t K'.s'U .: ,.s i$ 5\ ' ;,j!c iri J , r 'i-' 'thin:sm;tI-- h ,zs r'Osls :1s c.o,,; ;f tscI; n,'.i; s- 1 t!i-i: r 'F , d Iu 'i . ; I., I. 1i , i .i Will! l- 1-'?.' t nt ii, ,cIs'-' ~ I I ii * i r.o. - ' ,!io I;i ii:T i'.5,'s is '-iiu !i ''::'ai ;.; .:lli'i ' ;ii- X"! ; A a-" rt-n"'1 j; !--- : ."i,1: . " '" T .I, ' .; : , / "iA 'Ki lJ,.F;{l ), It !`.Ilt rFmu',al, .:!, Ak- L{'l,-Fcd'S/ upf , IT 1Ihtv IT- (Ik clth1:., cii;l, jl;qii ;tc f:L T7)II !. 1; INITSE;f; 1', .t ,GA,l, til!jt 1i.(i;. il,8t. tlji!(:i st, NCoIP TEe t4iu t- I Republic of the Philippines 7< r. . OJfice of t President -e NATIONAL COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES X- .Katinga Provincial Office KSDA Compound, Bulanao, Tabuk, Kalinga . CERTIFICATION TO CERTIFY that the areas covered by the THIS IS National Irrigation System (NIS) Main Canal from the main intake located at Sitio Madapdapig, Barangay Bado Dangwa, Tabuk up to Barangay Bulo, Tabuk and its lateral canals from Bado Dangwa to Mapaco, Pinukpuk, Bulanao, Tabuk to San Julian, Tabuk, and Bulo, Tabuk to Nambaran, Tabuk is not covered nor awarded with any Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title (CADT) or Certi'Licate of Ancestral land Title (CALT). Further there was no Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC) conducted along these areas during the construction of the main canal however, there are IPs/ICCs who constructed their houses after the construction of the canal within the 100 meter property of the NIS risking their lives and properties in any danger the canal poses to them. In any case, the IPs/ ICC's along these traverse need to be consulted properly during pre-rehabilitation stage in accordance to the provision of the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act on informed consent before any intervention takes place wjithin every domain. Done this 10 th day of August 2006 at Bulanao, Tabuk Kalinga, Philippines. AhNNELS MARIE D ZZA OIC-Provincia 0 e Ann/cer NIS/kislap csOsp/ MfPt-eX2.t %-&(.Xt1171'/} 't' "t/t ' "PCay 4v- the P ID P -. r r'- S.. . Republic of the Philippiries DEPARTMENT OF AGRiCUL-U K ',~ATIONAL lk-RIIGATION ATINSIA P-t'OVNX'( 1AL. IRRIGATION NA.tN.t(,.I I ei.z-'t.(1st' (g.i.u.egS/lS-@M. v f-I s28isAtgf 0 i iX , LIST OF FAMILIES WITHIN THE NIA CANAL RIGHT-OF-WAY HereuLider are owners of lilegally constructed structures/lhouses within the 100 meters total widith of Main Diversion Canal Canal Right of Way from Sta. 2 + 500 -17 + 620 and 60 meters totaI width of MDC Right of Way from Sta. 17 + 620 - 22 +500 to wit: NAME OF OWNER ADDRESS/LOCATION TRIBE/AFFILIATION DATERF OCPTOYTP TYPE FBIDN TAL AREA PLANTED OOCUPATION COAT IPablito callema OCCUPIED ANIMA; RAISED IMPROVEMENT REMARKS Calanan, Tabuk Ilocano 1996 2 Joseph Chinalpan Farmer Concrete partial 40 Sqm. -do- Igorot Fruit Trees Pigs Backyard piggery Canal ROW 3 Baldo Baldo 1993 pastor Wooden wi GI roofing -do- Igorot 30 Sqm. Fruit Trees Pigs Backyard piggery Canal ROW 4 Romulo Subang 1996 Farmer Bamboo v.l cogon roofing -do- llocano 30 Sqm. None None None 1996 Farmer -do- Canal ROW 5 Banizar Balangue -do- 30 Sqm. Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW Lubuagan 1996 Farmer 6 Camado Libangan -do- -do- 30 Sqm. None None Backyard piggery Canal ROW Lubuagan 1996 Farmer 7 Florencio Pacquiao -do- -do- 30 Sqm. Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW Ilocano 1996 Farmer 8 Julius Sicuat -do- Wooden Type 40 Scm. Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW Igorot 1996 Farmer 9 Lydia Ducca -do- Concrete 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees None Lubuagan 1996 Farrner Backyard piggery Canal ROW 10 Ambasing Balangue -do- Wooden w/ GI roofing 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees Lubuagan 1996 Farmer None None Canal ROW 11 Jonnie Aguirre Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees -do- Igorot 1996 None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 12 Jerry Ducca Farmer Wooden w/ Gl roofing 40 Sqm. -do- Lubuagan Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 13 Rosana Chinalpan 1996 Farmer -do- -do- Igorot 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 14 Cecilia Chinalpan 1996 Housekeeper -do- -do- Igorot 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees None None 1996 Farmer -do- Canal ROW 15 Ceasar Galengan -do- 40 Sqm. None None llocano 1996 Farmer None Canal ROW 16 Marcelo Pablo -do- -do- 40 Sqm. None None Backyard piggery Canal ROW llocano 1996 Farmer 17 Narciso Bacolong -do- -do- 40 Sqm. None None Igorot 1996 Farmer None Canal ROW 18 Rolly Merador -do- Concrete w/ Gl roofing 40 Sqm. None Ilocano 1996 None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 19 Peter Abad Farmer Bamboo w/i cogon roofing 40 Sqin. -do- llocano 1996 None None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 20 Jovita Pacquiao Farmer Concrete w/ Gl roofing 40 Sqm. -do- llocano 1996 None None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 21 Rudy Subang Housekeeper Concrete W/ GI roofing 40 Sqm. -do- llocano Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 22 Almasan Sibal 1996 Farmner Bamboo w/ cogon roofing -do- Mangali 40 Sqmi. Fruit Trees None Backyard piggery Canal ROW 23 Robert Castillo 1996 Farner Bamboo w/ cogon roofing -do- llocano 40 Sqm. None None None 1996 Farmer Bamboo w/ GI roofing Canal ROW 24 Elsa Castillo -do- 40 Sqm. Fruit Trees None llocano 1996 Housekeeper None Canal ROVV 25 Virgelio Evangelista -do- Bamboo w/ Gl roof ng 40 Sqm. None llocano 1996 None None Canal ROW 26 Malecio Olonan Sr. Farmer Bamnboo w/ GI roofing 40 Sqpn. -do- Ilocano 1996 None None None Canal ROW 27 Melecio Olonan Jr Farmer Bamboo N/ cogon roofing 40 Sqm. -do- llocano '1996 None None None Canal ROW 28 George Villanueva Farmer Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 40 Sqrn. -do- llocario 1996 None None None Canal ROW 29 Ernesto Buwado Farmer Bamboo vil cogon roofing 40 Sqm -do- Bago 1996 None None None Canial ROW 30 Guinapon Apingao Fanmer Bamboo vv/cogon roofing 40 Sqrn. F F. Cruz Lubuagan 1993 None None None Canal ROt/V 31 Mariano Hipona Farner Wooden w/ Gl roofing 50 Sqm. Bulanao, Siphoni Bago 1993 None None None Canal ROW 32 Alejo Burica Farrner Concretew,p./ GI roofing 50 Sqpn. -do- Lub.i-agan 1993 None None None Canal ROWV 33 Sally Ethel Bestano Farmer Concrete G/1 roofing 50 Scm. -do- LubuLagn 1993 None None Nona Canal ROW 34 Calerina Sonnad Housekeeper Coincrete Bung9alovi 50 Sqpn. -do- Lubuagan 1993 None None None Canal ROW Ilousekeeper Bamboo Type 30 Sqrn. None None None Canal ROW Caoge 1 NAME OF OWNER AD[RESSiLOCATION TRIBE/AFFILIATION E OCCUPATION T(YPE OF BUILDING OCCUPIED PLANTEO RAISED IMPROVEMENJT REMARKS 35 Joseph Canabang outlet Lubuagan 1993 -armar Semi-concrete 40 Sqm. None None 36 Camilo Casio -do- Lubuagan None Canal ROW 1993 Farmer Wooden wl GI roofing 50 Sqm None 37 Iddamog Bangayon -do None None Canal ROW Lubuagan 1993 Far mer Bamboo Type 38 Jlmrny Paclay 50 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Taloctoc 1993 Gov't Employye Two storey bldg w/ G1 roof 39 Constancio Golingan 100 Sqrn. None None None Canal ROW -do- Taloctoc 1993 Farrner Two storey bidg wI G1roof 40 Lipong Malondan 100 Sqm. None jNone None Canal ROW -do- Taloctoc 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 41 Baddongon Bangngayon 30 Sqrnm None None None Canal ROW KSDA Bulanao Lubuagan 1996 Farmer Wooden wi GI roofing 42 Agustin Sannadan 30 Sqm None None None Canal ROW Hospital Naneng 1993 Farmer Concrete \/ Gl roofinig 43 Angeline Lugaras 30 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Tubog 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo W/ cogon roofing 44 Jun Samoy 40 Sqm, None None None Canal ROW -do- llocano 1993 Farmer Barnboo wI cogon roofing 45 Maximo Arugay 30 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- llocano 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 46 Jose Bonilla 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- llocano 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 47 Ramon Gallema 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- llocano 1993 Farmer Bamboo vvl cogon roofing 48 Villamor Sannadan 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Naneng 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ cogon roofing 49 Ramon Manzano 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- llocano 1993 Farmer Wlooden wl cogon roofing 50 John Winga 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Naneng 1993 Farmer Wooden w/ cogon roofing 51 Jonnel Reyes '40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farrner Wooden w/ cogon roofing 52 Gonzalo Layugan 40 Sqrn. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 53 Joe Sibal 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer 54 Luz Domingo Concrete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer 55 Eduardo Lugares Concrete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer 56 Guillermo Dao-ayan Bamboo Type 40 Sqm. None None None -do- Lubuagan 1993 Canal ROW Farmer Concrete 40 Sqrn. None None 57 Modesto Malaggay Bulanao, Tabuk Lubuagan None Canal ROW 1993 Farmer Concrete 2 storey bidg 40 Sqm. None 58 Osmena Dupli -do- None None Canal ROW Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 59 Felomina Doclawit 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo w/ G0roofing 60 Emma Gunnawa 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo Type 61 Johnson Cosay 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 62 Wagawag Dalpes 40 Sqin. None None None Canal ROWV -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ GI roofing 63 Donggui-is Pa-yong 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Taloctoc 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ GI roofing 64 Camilo Lugao 40 Sqpn. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer 65 ILambayong Wanse Concrete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Tubog 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 36 Taod Pate -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmner Wooden Type 40 Sqrn None None 67 Pasco Lisalis -do- Lubuagan None Canal ROW 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 Sqm. o8 Cosay Mangngik -do- None None None Canal ROW Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 69 Solano Ongsan 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 70 Suning Domongsat 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROWN -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo wl G0roofing 71 lirmas-e Panyao 40 Sqm | None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo vI GI roofing 72 CamiJo Salpad 40 Sqmi None None ,None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 | Farmer Bamboo Type 73 Durrianon Dongpin I40 ScIm. None None None I Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer 74 Essaw Salpad Concrete 40 Sqm | None None None i Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Galvanize 7.5Glory Aramrwan 40 Sqpi. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Semi-concrete 75 Joseph Moctac 40 Sqrn None None None Canal ROWf -do- L.ubuagan 1993 Farmer RBamboo vI Gl roofing 4 40 Sqmn. None None None Canal ROW PD3e 2 NAM77 A-ORSS/OCAIONTRBE/FFIIATONDATE F OVNE OF OCCUPATION TYEO NAMEOF WNER RIB/AFFLIAION BUILDING TOTAL AREA CROPS ANIMAL MRVMN ADDESS/OCAION NTR _________- ~ CCUPED LANTD RISEDLANTEDEE RAIREAEK EAK 80 Willianm Sabado -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete w/ (G1 roofinig 40 Spm. None None NJone Canal ROW 81 Jaimeme Macigas -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmecr Wooden WIlG. roofing 40 sqmn None None None Canal ROW 82 Keyayey Guma-ad -do- LubuIagon 1993 Farmner Bam-boo Type 40 Sqmi. N"one None None Canal ROWI 83 Eddie Salong -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Wooden wI GI roofing 40 Spin None None None Canal ROW 84 Taliman Awing -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo wi GI roofing 40 Spm. None None None Canal ROW 85 Lumnbi Cagan -do- Lubuiagan 19093 Farm-er Bamonoo wNI GI roofing 40 8pmn. None None None Canal ROWV 86 lumnberwan lway -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmner Bamboo w/ GIi roofing 40 Spm. None None None Canal ROWA 87 Sam-uel Sanga -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ GI roofing 40 5pm. None None Nione Canal ROWV 88 Gay-oy Gaybon -do- Lubueagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo w// GI roofing 40 Scqm. Nlone None None Canal ROWV 89 Roger Cardingon -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo w/ G3I roofing 40 Sqr-n None None None Canal ROW 90 Palanigya Polelo -do- Lubuagan 1993 Fa-rmer Conorete 40 Scqm. None None None Canal ROW 91 Luminao Butos -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer BamTboo Type 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 92 Victor Adore -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmner Concrete 40 Spm. None None None Canal ROW 93 Lily Damagon -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo Type 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 94 Martin Awios -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROWV 95 Amboy Tayroc -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 Sqrm. None None None Canal ROW 96 Qulilo-ot Tayroc -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmner Bamboo Type 40 Sqrm. None None None Canal ROWV 97 Marie Dugyang -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo Type 40 Spin. None None None Canal ROW 98 Amboy Lay-og -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 Sqmn. None None None Canal ROW 99 Victor Sapalo -do- Lubuiagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqmn. None Nocne None Canal ROW 100 Oda Awing -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmner Concrete 40 Sqm. Nlone None None Canal ROWN 101 Adam Misulo -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqmn. None None None Canal BOW 102 Nore Gunnawa -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Bamboo Type 40 Sqin. None Nlone None Canal ROW 103 Wilson Gunnawa -do- Lubueagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40.5pm. None None None Canal ROW 104 Leon Manganip -do- Lubueagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo wlNI(3 roofing 40 Sqin. None None None Canial ROW 108 Nicanor Banatao -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer- Wooden wNI GI roofing 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 106 Fredie Sacki -do- Igorot 1993 Farmer Galvanize 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROWV 107 Holand Bassiag -do- Lubuiagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqmn. Nonea None None Canal ROW 108 Efronia Awing -do- LubuIagan 1993 HOuJsekeeper Concrete 40 Spill. None None None Canal ROW 109 Patricio Ayangdo -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamnboo Type 40 Spin. None None None Canal ROW 110 Elre2-do- Luibuagan '1993 FarmTer Bamnboo Type 408pqm, None None None Canal ROW 111 Lopez Dumawing -00- LLibuagan 1993 Far-mer Semi-concrete 408pqm. None None Nlone Canal ROW 112 Duipali Ari5awg -do- ILubuagan -1993 Far-mer WVooden w/ (31roofing 408pqm. None None None Canal ROW 113 Modesto Olya-on -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete Bunggalow 408pqm. None None None Canal ROW '114 Miguel Bongabong -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete Bunggalow 40 8pmn. None None None Canal BOW 115 Victoria Garcia -do- LUbUagen 1993 Housekeeper Concrete Bunggalow 408pqm. None None Nione Canal ROWV 115 Felipe Abbacan -do- LubLIagan 1993 Farmer, Concrete 2 storey bldg 40 Spin None None Nione Canal ROW 117 Pay-cong Bongabong -do- Lubuiagan 1993 Farmi-er BLunggalowN 40 8pSm None None None Canal ROW 118 Werdo Dacawag -do- LubUagan '1993 FarmTer Bunggalow 40 5pm. None Nonle None Canal ROW 119lVictoria Garcia -do- Lubuiagan 1993 HouseKeeper 3unggalow 408pqm. N'onie None None Canal ROW 120 Judith Molina -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper Conicrete- wooden po.n 40 Spi-n None None None Canal ROW 121 Sannad Otad -do- LubUagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 5pmn None None Nonie Canal ROW 122 Lorenzo Canac -do- Lubriagan 1993 Farmer Semni-concrete 40 8pmn. None N\one None Canial ROWV 123 Ayabo Cu<. -do- Luibuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type z0 8pmn. None None None Canal ROW Page 3 NA|E ____ OF OWNER __ - ADDRESS/LOCATION A_TE OF ERTRYEFFAO OTD _ OCCUL BUILDINTED 11ISED A AilM-AL IMRVMN 'REMARKS 119 Victoria Garcia a -do- Lubuagan 1993 Housekeeper -, r 40 Sqm. None None None 120 Judith Molina -do- Lubuagan Canal ROW 1993 Housekeeper Concrete wooden post 40 Sqm. None None i21 Sannad Otad -do- None Canel ROW Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 Sqrn. 122 Lorenzo Canao None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Semi-concrete 123 Ayabo Salingabay 40 Sqrn. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 124 Alberto Ban-os 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 125 Carlos Magannon 40 Sqrn. None None None Canal ROOW -do- Sumadel 1993 Farmer Semi-concrete 126 Benito Magannon 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Sumadel 1993 Farmer Bamooo Type 127 Emilio Magannon 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW -do- Sumadel 1993 Farmer Semi-con1crete 40 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 128 Pugal Dangiwan -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 40 Sqm None None None Canal ROW 129 Barangay Hall (Turod) -do- Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Concrete 40 Sqm None None None Canal ROW 130 Peter Umayat -do- Igorot 1996 Farmer Concrete w/ Gl roofing 150 Sqin None None None Canal ROW 131 Charles Aggueban -do- LubLiagan 1998 DBP Employee Wooden w/ cogon roofing 100 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 132 Eddie Arcio Nambaran, Tabuk Lubuagan 1993 Farmer Bamboo Type 250 Sqm. None None None Working Station 133 Felipe Banatao Lacnog, Tabuk Lubuagan 1994 Farmer Bamboo Type 250 Sqm, None None None 134 Polen Galming Bulanao, Tabuk Lubuagan Working Station 1999 Farmer Bunggalow 40 Sqm. None None 135 Poldo Sogasog Bulanao, Tabuk None Canal ROW Lubuagan 1999 Farmer Wooden Type 40 Sqm 136 Fermina Baaw None None None Canal ROW Buianao, Tabuk Lubuagan 1999 Farmer Wooden Type 137 Jimmy Anton 40 Sqm None None None Canal ROW Bulanao, Tabuk Lubuagan 1999 Farmer Concrete 2 storey bldg 50 Sqm. None None None Canal ROW 138 Lito Alim Bulanao, Tabuk Lubuagan 1999 Farmer Concrete 2 storey bldg 50 Sqm. None None None 139 Umikas Mangik Bulanao, Tabuk Lubuagan Canal ROW 1999 Farmer Wooden Type 40 Sqm. None None 140 Ayay Tiwang Bulanao, Tabuk None Canal ROW Lubuagan 1999 Farmer I Wooden Type 40 Sqm. 141 KALIPI Building None None None Canal ROW Calanan, Tabuk Lubuagan 1999 /Vomen's OraConcrete (unfinished) 70 Sqm. - None None - None ICanal ROW SUBMITTED BY: jJ0H'__ OCALO IRRU ERINTENDEJT II Pi3ge 4 t Pr i ,= -. rTIO OF F:' I : -20 !~ 3 TeL 4 4 Ma n-! 1 5 Bago 2 6 Tubog 2 7' Naneng 3 i Su2nadel 3 9 Lubuacan 95 10 Barangay Hai 1 11 KAPILI BUildno 141 - p ril 4 l9t * r 4 0 711 UhI&dD) 0 EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 1035 PROVIDING THE PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES FOR THE EXPEDITIOUS ACQUISITION BY THE GOVERNMENT OF PRIVATE REAL PROPERTIES OR RIGHTS THEREON FOR INFRASTRUCTURE AND OTHER GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS WHEREAS, one of the major causes of delays in the implementation of development projects, particularly national infrastructure projects, has been the processing of acquisition of private properties or rights-of-way (ROW) thereon which are needed for said projects, and the settlement of claims for payment thereof; WHEREAS, such property or ROW acquisitions are being hampered by several problems such as refusal of landowners/tenants to allow government personnel to enter the property during parcellary surveys, refusal of owners to sell because of cultural/personal value attached to the property, difficulties encountered by landowners in complying with existing rigid governmental requirements for payment of claims, and delays in issuance of court orders in expropriation cases; WHEREAS, the delays in the implementation of development projects due to the aforementioned problems on property/ROW acquisitions have been causing a big drain on the government's financial resources in view of increased project costs specifically in terms of commitment fees on undrawn balance of foreign loans and price escalation; WHEREAS, there is an urgent need to amend existing rules and regulations, as well as to adopt new procedures and guidelines in order to expedite the acquisition of private property or rights thereon needed for infrastructure and other development projects of the government; NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Republic of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order and direct as follows: Sec. 1.Scope and Applicability. The provisions of this Executive Order shall govern all acquisitions of private real properties or rights-of-way (ROW) thereon needed for infrastructure projects and other development projects of the government which are undertaken by any ministry, agency, office or instrumentality of the government, including government-owned or controlled corporations and state colleges and universities. TITLE A - ACTIVITIES PREPARATORY TO ACQUISITION OF PROPERTY Sec. 2. Feasibility Studies. Feasibility studies shall be undertaken for all major projects, and such studies shall, in addition to the usual technical, economic and operational aspects, include the social, political, cultural and environmental impact of the project. Sec. 3. Information Campaign. Every agency, office and instrumentality of the government proposing to implement a development project which requires the acquisition of private real property or rights thereon shall first make consultations with the local government officials, including the regional development councils having jurisdiction over the area where the project will be undertaken to elicit their support and assistance for the smooth implementation of the project. The implementing agency/instrumentality concerned with the assistance of the local government officials and representatives of the Office of Media Affairs shall conduct an extensive public information campaign among the local inhabitants that will be affected by the project to acquaint them with the objectives and benefits to be derived from the project and thus avoid any resistance to or objection against the acquisition of the property for the project. Sec. 4. Detailed Engineering/Surveys. The implementing government agency/instrumentality concerned shall, well in advance of the scheduled construction of the project, undertakes detailed engineering, including parcellary surveys to indicate the location and size of the sites and to determine ownership of the land to be acquired, including the status of such landownership. Sec. 5. Project Cost/Funding. The estimated cost of a project shall have the following distinct components: a. Pre-investment cost which shall include the cost of undertaking the feasibility study and public information campaign. b. Investment cost which shall include the cost of detailed engineering, cost of the property to be acquired and cost of construction and construction supervision. The programming and budgeting of funds for the pre-investment and pre-construction phases, carried out in that order, shall be undertaken well in advance of the scheduled commencement of construction. The implementing agency/instrumentality concerned shall include in their respective proposals for annual budgetary outlays provisions to finance these preparatory activities and the Office of Budget and Management (OMB) shall consider such proposals in the light of the foregoing. In the case of the infrastructure ministries, the necessary outlays for each phase of the pre-implementation activities shall be made a distinct component of the annual infrastructure program which shall be released by the OMB as scheduled. TITLE B - PROCEDURE FOR ACQUISITION OF PROPERTY Sec. 6. Acquisition Through Negotiated Sale. As an initial step, the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned shall negotiate with the owner of the land that is needed for the project for the purchase of said land, including improvements thereon. In the determination of the purchase price to be paid, the Ministry of Finance and the Provincial/City/Municipal Assessors shall extend full assistance and coordinate with the personnel of the government implementing agency concerned in the valuation of lands and improvements thereon taking into consideration the current and fair market value declared by the owner or administrator of the land, or such current market value as determined by the assessor, whichever is lower, prior to the negotiation. Sec. 7. Expropriation. If the parties fail to agree in negotiation of the sale of the land as provided in the preceding section, the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned shall have authority to immediately institute expropriation proceedings through the Office of the Solicitor General or the Government Corporate Counsel, as the case may be. The just compensation to be paid for the property acquired through expropriation shall be in accordance with the provisions of P.D. No. 1533. Courts shall give priority to the adjudication of cases on expropriation and shall immediately issue the necessary writ of possession upon deposit by the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned of an amount equivalent to ten per cent (10%) of the amount of just compensation provided under P.D. No. 1533; Provided, That the period within which said writ of possession shall be issued shall in no case extend beyond five (5) days from the date such deposit was made. Sec. 8. Conditions Precedent to Foreign Loan Negotiation. As a general rule, negotiations for foreign loans to finance specific construction projects and other projects requiring acquisition of private real property or rights thereon shall be undertaken only after the negotiation for such acquisition with the property owner/s have been completed or the expropriation proceedings have been initiated: Provided, That before the filing of expropriation proceedings, the financing institution must have already favorably appraised the project: Provided, further, That exceptions to the above rule may be allowed by the Investment Coordination Committee (ICC) on a case-to-case basis depending on the type, size and technology of the project involved. In such case, the ICC shall determine the extent/stage of property acquisition that may be required as a pre-condition for project approval or for negotiation of a foreign loan to finance the project. TITLE C - PROCEDURE FOR PAYMENT AND REGISTRATION OF PROPERTY/ROW ACQUISITIONS Sec. 9.Assessment of Taxes Due. The Bureau of Internal Revenue and the respective Provincial/City/Municipal Treasurers shall assess the following taxes, where applicable, on the property being acquired: a) Capital gains tax due on the grains derived from the sale of the real property to the government; b) Estate tax due on the portion of the estate of a deceased owner to be acquired by the government; and c) Unpaid real estate taxes on the property up to the time the government took possession thereof. Such assessment shall be made and transmitted to the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned within one (1) week from the submission of complete requirements. Sec. 10. Withholding Tax/Tax Clearance. Upon receipt of the assessment of the aforementioned taxes, the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned shall issue a certification that upon payment to the landowner; it shall deduct the corresponding capital gains tax and any unpaid estate tax and real estate tax. On the basis of such certification, the BIR and the respective Provincial/City/Municipal Treasurers shall issue the tax clearances for the registration of the property in favor of the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned. All taxes deducted shall be immediately remitted by the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned to the BIR or the Provincial/City/Municipal Treasurer, as the case may be. Sec. 11. Payments for Improvements on the Property Acquired. Payment for the improvements or property. acquired which are not included in the respective tax declaration of the owner, shall be based on the physical inventory report prepared and certified to by the representatives of the agency, the Commission on Audit, and the claimant. In addition thereto, claims for payment of improvements must be supported by an affidavit of the claimant and affidavit of two (2) adjoining landowners or barangay officials attesting to or substantiating the ownership of said improvements. Sec. 12. Indemnity Bond for Untitled Lands. In case where the property acquired is untitled, the government implementing agency/instrumentality concerned shall require the land owner to post an indemnity or property bond, the amount of which shall be fixed by the Provincial/City/Municipal Treasurer concerned on the basis of the market value as determined by the assessor and as appearing on the current tax declaration of the property. This requirement shall be dispensed with where the claim for payment does not exceed P50,000. Sec. 13. Period for Payment. The payment of property acquired shall be effected by the implementing government agency/instrumentality concerned within ninety (90) days upon approval by appropriate higher authorized of the negotiated sale and submission by the landowner of all required documents. In the case of property acquired through expropriation, payment shall be effected within ninety (90) days from the finality of the decision rendered by the court: Provided, That if at the time of finality of the decision the funds originally allotted to cover the cost of the property are no longer available due to expiration of the pertinent release instruments, payment shall be made upon the release of funds by the OBM which is hereby directed to effect the immediate release thereof, chargeable against available and applicable appropriations thereof. Sec. 14. Properties Covered by Operation Land Transfer. In case the land acquired is covered by the Operation Land Transfer of the Ministry of Agrarian Reform under P.D. No. 27, payment of the purchase price shall be made by the implementing agency/instrumentality concerned to the farmer-beneficiary owning such land by virtue of an emancipation patent issued by the Ministry of Agrarian Reform, free from all liens and encumbrances. If the land is not covered by an emancipation patent, or even if covered by an emancipation patent but the farmer-beneficiary is still amortizing the same with the Land Bank, payment shall be made by the government implementing agency/instrumentality to the landowner, or the Land Bank, as the case may be: Provided, That any amortization payments made by the farmer-beneficiary to the landowner, or the Land Bank, as the case may be, shall be deducted by the government implementing agency/instrumentality from the purchase price and shall be paid to the farmer-beneficiary: Provided, further, That the farmer-beneficiary shall be entitled to the financial assistance provided for under Section 18 hereof. Sec. 15. Approval of Survey Plans. The National Land Titles and Deeds Registration Administration and the Bureau of Lands shall give priority to the approval of all survey plans of parcels of land affected by government projects that have been filed under their respective jurisdiction. Sec. 16. Registration of Deed of Conveyance. The Register of Deeds shall register the deed of conveyance and issue the corresponding title in favor of the government within seven (7) days from the date of presentation of such deed together with the certification provided in Section 10 hereof. The Register of Deeds shall also register the ROM agreement executed by the landowner in favor of the government for the ROW easement acquired by the latter over his property. TITLE D - ASSISTANCE TO DISPLACED TENANTS/OCCUPANTS Sec. 17. Relocation/Resettlement of Tenants/Occupants Affected by Property/ROW Acquisitions. In case where the land to be acquired for the project would involve displacement of tenants, farmers and other occupants, the Ministry of Human Settlements, Ministry of Agrarian Reform and other concerned agencies shall extend full cooperation and assistance to the implementing agency/instrumentality concerned in the relocation and resettlement of such displaced tenants and occupants. Sec. 18. Financial Assistance to Displaced Tenants/Occupants. The government implementing agencies/instrumentalities concerned shall extend financial assistance to the displaced tenants of agricultural lands, cultural minorities and settlers who are duly accredited by the Ministry of Agrarian Reform/Bureau of Forest Development/Office of Muslim Affairs and Cultural Communities. In the case of cultural minorities payment of such financial assistance shall be based on land occupancy certificates pursuant to the provision of P.D. 419. The amount of financial assistance to be given to tenants/farmers of agricultural lands which is to be determined by the implementing agency concerned in consultation with appropriate agencies, shall be equivalent to the value of the gross harvest for one year on the principal and secondary crops of the area acquired, based on the average annual gross harvest for the last three preceding crop years: Provided, That in no case shall the financial assistance be less than P1 5,000.00 per hectare. Financial assistance may also be given to owners of lands acquired under CA 141, as amended, for the area of portion subject to the reservation under Section 112 thereof in such amounts as may be determined by the implementing agency/instrumentality concerned, in consultation with the Commission on Audit and the assessor's office concerned. Payment of the abovementioned financial assistance shall be made at the time of relocation of the tenants/farmers. Sec. 19. Repealing Clause. All executive orders, instructions, rules and regulations or parts thereof inconsistent with this Executive Order are hereby repealed or modified accordingly. acd Sec. 20. Effectivity. This Order shall take effect immediately. Done in the City of Manila, this 25th day of June, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and eighty-five.