March/2015 100426 DEMOGRAPHICS LIVING BELOW US$ 2.50 LIVING BETWEEN US$ 2.50- 5.00 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA LIVING ABOVE US$ 5.00 POPULATION BY AGE AND POVERTY STATUS (MILLIONS), 2009 GENDER AT A GLANCE Source: World Bank ECATSD using ECAPOV. 65-older TAJIKISTAN 55-64 45-54 GNI per capita (Atlas Method, US$)1 35-44 990 (2013) Population living below US$2.50 2 25-34 41% (2009) Population living below US$5.00 2 15-24 85% (2009) GNI per capita loss due to gender gaps in the 0-14 labor market 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 Most recent…. Women Men Government Gender Action Plan 2011-2020 3 Country Gender Assessment 2013 WOMEN EDUCATION 1 Source: WDI. 2 World Bank ECATSD using ECAPOV. MEN 3 World Bank. GROSS ENROLLMENT (% of relevant age group), 2011 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL PROGRESS Source: World Bank Gender Statistics. Ratio of girls to boys in primary 96 (2002) 98 (2012) education 100 Ratio of girls to boys in secondary 82 (2002) 90 (2012) 80 education 60 Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary 43 (2002) 52 (2012) education 40 Share of women in wage employment 24% (2002) 29% (2009) 20 in the non-agricultural sector Proportion of seats held by women in 13% (2002) 15% (2015) 0 national parliament Pre primary Primary Secondary Tertiary Source: World Bank Gender Statistics, Inter Parliamentary Union. WOMEN JOBS MEN GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR* (%), 2004 Source: KILM. *Sectors include those with highest shares of total employment WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM Sector share of Global Gender Gap Index 0.6654 1 102/142 2014 total employment UNDP 12% Health and social work Gender Inequality Index 0.3830 0 75/152 2013 Agriculture, hunting and forestry 3% OECD 3% Education Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.1392 0 48/108 2014 2% Manufacturing EU Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor 8% vehicles and motorcy cles Gender Equality Index 56 100 8/27 2013 Other community, social and personal 5% services activities Public administration and defence; compulsory social securit y 5% Transport, storage and communications 55% Const ruction 3% 0% 50% 100% EMPLOYMENT BY AGE GROUP (%), 2009 Source: World Bank ECATSD using ECAPOV. 100 80 60 40 20 0 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 LEGAL FRAMEWORK The constitution of Tajikistan guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws re- stricting the industries in which women may work. More specifically, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in the areas of mining, construction, metalworking, factories, jobs requiring lifting weights above a threshold, and jobs deemed hazardous or arduous. Women are entitled to 140 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. Parents are entitled to an additional 477.5 days of partially paid paternal leave and 547.5 days of unpaid paternal leave. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protections from dismissal, placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave, and rights to a flexible schedule. The law does not stipulate public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is 63 and 58, respectively. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013). Europe & Central KEY INDICATORS Male Tajikistan Female Male Asia Female Male OECD Female Low Income Male Female Year* Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross pre primary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 10 8 78 77 19 19 2011 Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 101 98 102 102 102 101 111 105 2012 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 92 82 100 98 98 98 47 42 2012 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 29 15 57 69 65 77 11 7 2012 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 1 100 100 99 99 68 53 2012 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 1 26 32 26 31 Life expectancy at birth (years)1 64 71 73 80 77 83 60 63 2012 Maternal mortality rate (per 100,000 live births) 1 - 44 - 18 - 21 - 440 2013 1 - 3.8 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 4.1 2012 Fertility rate (births per woman) Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64)1 80 62 78 63 79 62 84 71 2013 Unemployment (% of labor force) 1 11.5 9.6 9.7 9.5 8.0 8.0 4.4 5.9 2013 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24)1 17.7 12.4 21.7 22.4 17.5 17.2 8.9 10.5 2013 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 1 53 42 22 16 18 13 2009 2 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)1 - 33 - - - 2013 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's wages, unadjusted) 2 - 51 - 23 - - 2011 Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 1 3 2 73 66 86 80 27 20 2011 1 Land owners (% of adult population) Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 3 - 15 - 20 - - 2015 Share of women among members of municipal councils or other local area governing - - 31 - - bodies2 Firms with female top managers (%)1 - 10 - - - 2013 Proportion of women in ministerial level positions (%) 1 - 11 - 21 - 27 - 19 2014 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife4 60 2012 Women who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by a partner and/or non- - - - - partner since the age of 15 5 *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Source: 1 World Bank Gender Statistics. 2 UNECE. 3 Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of 1/ 1/2015). 4 Demographic and Health Survey. 5 EU Violence Against Women Survey. ABOUT THE DATA Where possible, data is from harmonized regionally comparable sources. All numbers based on microdata in this document calculated by the Europe and Central Asia Team for Statistical Development (ECATSD) are produced using the 2005 PPPs, as the use of the 2011 PPPs in the calculation of global poverty estimates still requires additional analysis. This note was produced by the Poverty Global Practice at the World Bank Group. All indicators are as of 03/19/15 QUESTIONS? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at http://data.worldbank.org/topic/gender .