Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development Rural Electrification Agency ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ENERGY FOR RURAL TRANSFORMATION PHASE III GRID INTENSIFICATION SCHEMES PACKAGED UNDER NORTH EAST, EASTERN AND CENTRAL NORTH SERVICE TERRITORIES JUNE 2019 i|Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CDO Community Development Officer CFP Chance Finds Procedure DEO District Environment Officer EO Environment Officer ESMP Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan ESMF Environmental Social Management Framework ERT III Energy for Rural Transformation (Phase 3) EHS Environmental Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESMMP Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan GPS Global Positioning System GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism LRA Lord’s Resistance Army MEMD Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development NEMA National Environment Management Authority OPD Out Patient Department OSH Occupational Safety and Health PCR Physical Cultural Resources PCU Project Coordination Unit PPE Personal Protective Equipment REA Rural Electrification Agency RoW Right of Way ii | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................ ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................................... iv 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background Information ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Objectives of developing an ESMP ............................................................................................................................ 1 Scope of the ESMP .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................................... 3 4. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR THIS ESMP .................................................................... 6 National Environmental and social management Policies ................................................................................... 6 National Legislation and Regulations ........................................................................................................................ 6 World Bank Safeguard Policies .................................................................................................................................... 6 5. GENERAL BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT AREAS ......................................................... 8 Central North and North Eastern Service Territories ................................................................................................. 8 Eastern Service Territory ................................................................................................................................................... 14 6. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN ........................................... 34 7 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN AND GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT ................................................. 48 7.1 Emergency Response ...................................................................................................................................... 48 7.2 GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS ....................................................................................... 48 8 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE ESMP ..................................................... 50 MEMD (PCU) ................................................................................................................................................................. 50 REA .................................................................................................................................................................................... 50 Service providers ............................................................................................................................................................ 50 Contractor ....................................................................................................................................................................... 50 The National Environment Management Authority ........................................................................................... 52 Local Government Administration Structures ........................................................................................................ 52 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................................ 53 ANNEX I: SCOPE OF THE PROJECTS ................................................................................................................... 54 ANNEX II: CHANCE FINDS PROCEDURES .......................................................................................................... 63 ANNEX III: CODE OF CONDUCT ......................................................................................................................... 65 ANNEX Vi: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION LISTS ......................................................................................... 67 iii | P a g e EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan for Grid Intensification project activities under North East, Eastern and Central North Service territories. The works to be undertaken under the Grid intensification component include; network design, supply, construction of power lines, testing and commissioning of the proposed grid intensification works. The Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan of the Grid intensification activities has been developed to guide the implementation of environmental and social aspects of the project. The development of this ESMP entailed site visits, stakeholder consultative meetings, and review of relevant legal and legislative requirements, World Bank Safeguards requirements and project documents including ESMF. The project is expected to present a number of positive environmental and social impacts that include job creation and reduced Green House Gases (GHG) emissions among others. Given the nature of activities, the scale and the locations of the project, it is also not expected to have significant negative impacts on the immediate surroundings during its construction and operation phases. In this report, a number of impacts associated with this project, both positive and negative have been highlighted. While positive impacts will be enhanced, mitigation measures to minimize the negative impacts have been identified and recommendations made for their implementation in the detailed implementation plan herein. The likely negative impacts are manageable, localized and of short term in nature. Further, the impacts are known and can be mitigated. This plan provides adequate mitigation measures for the identified negative impacts and measures to enhance the positive aspects associated with the project. REA shall closely monitor the environmental and social aspects of project activities to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed herein are implemented. iv | P a g e 1. INTRODUCTION Background Information This report presents the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan for proposed Grid Intensification activities for North East, Eastern and Central North Service territories which has been developed to guide the construction activities and associated connections with respect to environmental and social aspects. Grid intensification and associated connections is a component under ERT-III phase which involves construction of short extensions to the MV and LV network to reach potential customers who are close to the existing grids. Specifically, the grid intensification project will include short extensions to the medium voltage power lines (not exceeding 5km and installation of transformers) and low voltage (LV) network (six poles) to potential customers who are relatively close to the existing grid. Beneficiaries of the project include households, social institutions and (small) businesses. The proposed project areas are built up and near to the existing lines. All the project areas where the power extensions will be undertaken have no sensitive ecosystems. This Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring plan has been developed in line with the National Environmental and Social requirements, Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for ERT-III as well as World Bank guidelines and policies. The National environmental and social requirements are similar to the World Bank guidelines and policies in many aspects that include categorization of the projects into less, medium and high risks; need for enhanced conservation of physical environment and protection of social rights; need for engagements with the project affected parties etc. This project is categorized as low risk both under the World Bank and National safeguards categorization. Objectives of developing an ESMP The objective of developing this ESMP is to outline the arrangements relating to:  Identification of the anticipated environmental and social impacts from the construction works of the distribution line.  The implementation of the recommended mitigation and enhancement measures,  Monitoring of the mitigation measures implementation process.  Institutional arrangements for implementing the environmental and social aspects of the project; Scope of the ESMP This ESMP covers intensification projects planned in the districts of Katakwi and Soroti in the North Eastern service Territory; Kaberamaido, Amolatar, Dokolo, Kole, Lira under Central North service territory and Mayuge, Namayingo, Bugiri, Kamuli and Busia under Eastern service Territory. The details of the projects, their scope (size and area) are presented as annexures herein. The ESMP covers the environmental and social aspects of the project during construction and operational phases. 1 2. METHODOLOGY The methods used in the development of this ESMP included but were not limited to the following: Site inspection and observation Visits were made to the proposed project areas during the course of developing this ESMP. Site visits were conducted with the aim of identifying potential causes of environmental and social risks. This was aimed at ensuring that appropriate enhancement and/or mitigation measures are prescribed to manage any potential risks. Consultation with stakeholders Consultations were carried out through interviews and discussions with relevant stakeholders including communities to ensure public participation in the ESMP development process. Plate 1: REA team undertaking stakeholder engagement in Agur Village –Lira District Document Review The Literature reviewed included; Background data concerning the local communities, including from the UBOS National Census (2014); Demographic and Health Survey (2006), and respective Districts’ Development plans, legal and policy frameworks, ESMF for ERT III and the World Bank safeguard requirements among others. 2 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Grid intensification and associated connections is a component under ERT-III phase. This component involves construction of short extensions to the MV and LV network to reach potential customers who are close to the existing grids. Specifically, the grid intensification project will include short extensions to the medium voltage power lines (not exceeding 5km and installation of transformers) and low voltage (LV) network (six poles) to potential customers who are relatively close to the existing grid. Beneficiaries of the project include households, social institutions and (small) businesses. The areas where the projects are planned to be implemented are mainly built up areas that are near to the existing lines. All the project areas where the power extensions will be undertaken have no sensitive ecosystems. Materials and methods (Technical consideration) Overhead Power Lines Route The proposed overhead 33kv power Distribution Line will be constructed mainly along the existing road reserves (where feasible) so as to minimize the negative environmental and social impacts. The main socio-economic impacts of the proposed 33kV power lines will largely be associated with project activities of line construction. They include cutting down vegetation to create 10m diameter right of ways through which the poles will be erected and strung. The activities will lead to loss of property (mainly crops and trees) and a reduction of income/means of livelihood which could potentially lead to the creation of vulnerable people. Therefore compensation will be required for:  Damages to crops and trees during pegging the right of way;  Damages to crops and trees for creating temporary wayleaves for ferrying materials;  Damages to crops and trees for lay down areas and during stringing procedure. Much of the rural roads lack recognisable reserves and utility corridors, as the reserves are fully utilised by the communities. It therefore becomes inevitable to have some trees, crops and vegetation cleared during the course of the project implementation. Agriculture and livestock grazing will be possible under the way leaves with minimum clearance from the ground or highest water level will be 6.0m or 2.0m from the highest point. The low voltage lines are allowed to move as close as possible to the buildings to ease connection costs by the end-users. This serves the main objective of the project which is to extend power to the villages and upcoming Rural Growth Centres (RGC) together with other institutions such as schools, Health Centres, resorts and upcoming industries and entertainment centres among others. 3 Voltage Levels Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd (UETCL) uses voltage levels of 132kV and 66kV at transmission. UMEME the electric power distribution company uses 33kv and 11kV at Sub-transmission/distribution, and 415/240V for low voltage distribution. The proposed Grid Extension project is based on the 33kV for the overhead lines and shall be 3 phase throughout with three line conductors in horizontal flat formation and a continuous earth wiring running along above the three conductors. Three-Phase Versus Single-Phase Three phase sub-transmission is favoured mainly because of its advantage in terms of conductor size for a given load. This criterion applies when the conductor requirement due to the load is higher than the requirement for the mechanical resistance of the line. As is expected, at the initial stage for upcoming Rural Electrification Schemes, the loads are initially very light and the above mentioned criterion would not apply. Instead, single phase line have been preferred either as Two Wire Neutral Return (TWNR) or Single-Wire Earth Return (SWER). Conductors The conductor selected is AAAC100 (100m2 All Aluminium Alloy Conductor) for the main line and AAAC50 for short spurs, transformer T-Offs and all LV distribution networks. The size was selected as the most economical for anticipated loads taking into account line losses. The type AAAC as compared to ACSR (Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced), and AAC (All Aluminium Conductor) was selected because it does not find a ready market with the Aluminium Hallow-ware manufacturers who normally buy vandalized ACSR and ACC Conductors. Poles Creosote treated wooden poles were selected because of their availability, cost as well as the technical skills available to handle such poles. Concrete and Mild steel poles were considered as the second option and mainly because of cost these two pole types have not been used in Uganda. Creosote was selected for treatment in preference to Tanalith due to the poor experience in Uganda of Tanalith treated poles. There seems to be a problem with Tanalith treated poles since they seem to start rotting after a short time as short as two years. Insulators Pin type porcelain insulators will be generally used rigidly mounted on a steel cross- arm on top of the pole. These are passive materials without any effect on the environment. The design takes into account wind gusts of up to 80 knots. The insulators are rigidly mounted but the conductors can swing in the wind. The design has allowed for swings at maximum loads without the conductors touching. 4 Line Construction The 33kv power lines will be constructed mainly with 12m high creosoted treated wooden poles, with an average spacing of 110m. The holes for the wooden poles will be of diameter 350mm and pit depth of 2000mm. Steel wire (7/4.00) stay sets will be installed at intermediate angle poles, section poles, T-offs and terminal structures. The stay wires shall be anchored by a stay block buried at depth of 2.0m and about 3m from the base of the pole. The stay block shall consist of 1000mm long creosote treated woodblock or 300mm x300mmx300mm concrete block. In Addition to that, H-type section poles shall be erected every 1.5km and each H- type pole consists of two poles erected 2m apart with one cross-arm together with four stay sets installed along the line corridor. At heavy angles, the stay wire will be installed at 45 degrees angle from the pole. It is estimated that more than 850, 12m wooden poles will be required for the 33kv line which is 95km long. The minimum clearance required for the 33kv line from the ground or highest water level will be 6.0m and 3m from the nearest point on a building. The clearance from the edge of the road shall be a minimum of 2m. The LV distribution network will require approximately 1300, 10m wooden poles. The distance between poles for the LV distribution is 50m maximum. Transformers At each load centre, a sub-station of appropriate capacity say 25KVA, 50KVA and or 100KVA shall be established to distribute power to the local consumers. Each sub- station consists of a transformer which will step down the voltage from 33kv to 415V 3phase or 240 single phase. Most of the consumers will require a single phase supply although some consumers presently running maize grinding mills may require the 3 phase supply. The transformers shall be mounted on poles depending on the size. 25KVA will be mounted on a single pole while the 50KVA and 100KVA will be mounted on an H- pole structure. This consists of two poles with the transformer mounted on a steel platform between the two poles. The transformers are made of a steel tank with copper coils immersed in mineral oil in the tank. Possible impacts are oil leakage, transformer burning due to overloads, possible vandalism in order to steal the oil. 5 4. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR THIS ESMP Key laws and regulatory frameworks that will guide the implementation of environmental and social aspects of the grid –intensification project include: National Environmental and social management Policies 1. The National Environment Management Policy, 1994 2. Renewable Energy Policy, 2007 3. The National Cultural Policy, 2006; 4. The National Water Policy, 1999; 5. The National Land Use Policy, 2011; 6. Forestry policy, 2001 7. Energy policy, 2001 8. Public Health Policy 1964 9. The National Gender Policy, 1997; 10. The National HIV/AIDS Policy, 2004; 11. National Child Labour (2006) Policy 12. National Community Development Policy for Uganda, 2015 13. National Development Plan 11 2015/16-2019/20 National Legislation and Regulations 1. The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995; 2. The National Environment Act, Cap 153; 3. The Electricity Act, 1999 4. The Public Health Act, 1964 5. The Land Act, Cap 227; 6. The Land Acquisition Act, 1965; 7. The Workers Compensation Act, 2000; 8. The Water Act, Cap 152; 9. The Local Governments Act, Cap 243; 10. The Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap 2000; 11. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006; 12. Historical Monument Act, 1967; 13. The National Forestry and Tree Planting Act, 2003; 14. The National Environment (Impact Assessment) Regulations, 1998 15. The National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations, 1999; 16. The National Environment Regulations (Noise Standards and Control), 2003 17. The National Environment (Control of Smoking in Public Places) Regulations, 2004 18. The National Environment (Audit) Regulations, 2006 (12/2006). World Bank Safeguard Policies The safeguards policies triggered are: 1. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment 2. OP 4.04 Natural Habitats 3. OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources 4. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement 5. OP 4.36 Forests 6 Additionally, the following World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety guidelines shall also be applicable and this include; 1. General Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines1 2. Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution2 1 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 2https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/66b56e00488657eeb36af36a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BElectric%2BTransmission%2Band%2BDistribution.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&id=1323162154847 7 5. GENERAL BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT AREAS Introduction The impacts arising from the activities of a project are primarily felt by the immediate surroundings. The pertinent aspects of the surrounding environment are physical, biological and the socio-economic. The physical, biological and socio-economic aspects of the existing environment in the vicinity of the project site are described in this section. It provides the basis upon which impacts from project activities would be assessed. The proposed sites are located on dry land currently under secondary vegetation of trimmed grass. They form part of the areas that have previously been used as gardens. It is important to note that on the physical environment, the proposed project areas are built up areas and there are no sensitive ecosystems. Therefore there will be minimal clearance of crops and trees as part of the project activities. Central North and North Eastern Service Territories This section describes the Physical and Socio-Economic baseline of the project area, in the districts of Apac, Soroti, Kaberamaido, Dokolo, Amuria, Lira, Kole, Alebtong and Katakwi. Physical data was partly captured by onsite studies while socio-economic information was obtained from review of literature including the UBOS socio- economic reports, District and Sub County Development Plans, District and community consultation and engagement. Physcial environment Climate Districts under the Central North and North Eastern Service Territories receive bimodal rainfall with peaks during April-May and another in August-October with average annual rainfall varying around 1200-1600. The rainfall is mainly conventional and normally comes in the afternoons and evenings. The average minimum and maximum temperatures are 22.50C and 25.50C, respectively. Absolute maximum temperature hardly goes beyond 360C, and absolute minimum hardly falls below 200C. The continental climate of the region is modified by the large swamp area surrounding most of the districts and Lake Kyoga bordering Kabermaido and Soroti. The rainfall in the district is bimodal with one peak during April-May and the other in August-October. Data and information from the project area District Development Plans (DDPs) indicate that the Equatorial Trough and South Easterly winds which bring rainfall pass over the region. Land and sea breezes are common in the region. Wind run is low (1- 4m/sec) during the rainy season and moderate (4-8m/sec) during the dry season. 8 The erratic rainfall has increasingly been accompanied by hailstones, strong winds and incidences of people, animals and homes being struck by lightning. Water supply and quality Surface water is used by domestic and wild animals, and plays a critical role in the agro-ecosystem of the project areas. The groundwater in the project area is abstracted by the local community through wells and boreholes and is used for domestic purposes. Borehole located in Kaberamaido District Protected spring well in Lira district. Plate 2: Water sources in the project area Geology and Soils Landscape for districts under these Service Territories is generally a flat plateau with a few rocks doted over the region. Most areas are underlain by rocks of the basement complex of Precambrian age that include granites, mignalites, gneiss, schist and quartzite. The region is endowed with mainly sandy loam soils of ferralitic type. Its bottomland is constituted mainly of deposits of alluvium. Generally, the soils are well drained, fertile and suitable for agricultural production. 9 Vegetation in the project areas Natural vegetation cover within the project corridor has been modified by human presence leaving small patches of intact natural sites. The main activities leading to habitat degradation are subsistence farming, plantation agriculture, and expansion of settlements and trading centres. Along the project areas natural sites has been converted into either farmland, or settlement with small patches of woodland, bush land and grassland in between. Socio-economic baseline conditions Demographic characteristic The Districts in the mid north and north eastern regions where the power line will traverse have lower population densities and urban populations as compared to other parts of the country (See Table 1 below). The population is predominatly rural, with urban population only 20% (UBOS 2014). The household sizes in mid north and north east were reported at 5.1 and 5.7 respectively. The Northern Region had 35% female headed households. Table 1 Population of the project area in 2014 District Total Males Females Urban Rural population population population Dokolo 182,579 88,650 93929 19,810 162,769 Amuria 270,601 131,533 139,068 7,066 263,535 Kaberamaido 213,374 104,070 109,304 4,010 209,364 Soroti 297,154 144,408 152,746 49,452 247,702 Lira 410,516 196,891 213,625 99,059 311,457 Kole 241,878 117,439 124,439 8,833 233,045 Source: UBOS, 2014 Education Literacy levels in mid north and north east Uganda were reported at 70 and 30% respectively, with the national average at 70%. The North east recorded the lowest adult literacy rate of 31% with females at 21%. The northern region recorded the lowest levels of educational achievement, with 12.9% completing secondary education, compared to central at 30.3% (UNHS, 2013). The population in rural settings were less able to access educational facilities compared to those in urban area. Overall there has been a surge in school enrolment following introduction of Universal Primary and Secondary Education. The reasons given for school drop outs for boys were search for jobs while for girls it was early marriages and pregnancies. 10 Economic activities and income levels A review of DDPs of the districts in which the proposed project will be implemented, shows that over 90% of the people in the area are engaged in agriculture as the main economic activity growing crops such as sunflower, rice, maize, millet, sorghum, soya beans, cassava and sweet potatoes among many others. Animals kept are mostly cattle and a few people are engaged in piggery and poultry. 88% of the population depends on subsistence agriculture in Kole District (Kole DLG, 2016). The economy of the district (Lira) is mainly based on agriculture, with 81% of the population engaged in subsistence farming. Other sectors in the economy includes agro processing industries (3.1%), commercial activities and banking (15.9%) (Lira DLG, 2016). The Uganda National Household Survey of 2012/2013 by UBOS reported average real income levels of Uganda Shillings 132,000 and 93,000 for mid north and north eastern regions respectively. Family members constitute the single most important source of labor. All districts in the project area benefited from the Government Community Agriculture Improvement Program (CAIIP) with some Sub-counties having well-constructed markets and others having Agro-processing facilities. The markets and Agro-processing facilities will benefit from the proposed power lines. Local communities together with their Local leaders said once power is in place, they will be able to operate grinding machines for sunflower and maize, welding places, run internet cafes, computer stations, entertainment stations like video halls and salons (which are currently operating on solar power) among others. Plate 3: Mr. Okello explaining how the honey is processed Mr. Okello currently operates on a diesel generator and the machines he procured to process honey are not in operation due to lack of electricity. He believes once his project is electrified, he will be able to produce at maximum capacity of close to 11 500ltrs of honey per quarter and that translates to more than 100% increase from the current production capacity of 50ltres. Land tenure Like in many rural Districts of Uganda, land in Northern and North eastern Uganda is mainly communally owned and governed by the customary system of land tenure. Under this tenure arrangement, land ownership is vested in the lineage and is allocated by a father to his sons, who in turn, assign it to their wives and children for cultivation. Women therefore tend to be excluded from owning land, although they are allowed the right of use. While in theory, it sounds as if no single individual or household owns land under such tenure ship arrangement, in practice; the ownership is actually vested in the users. In every community, it is clear which portion of land belongs to which household, and usually the head of the household is recognized as the defacto owner. It is also the head of the household (land owner) who has the responsibility to rent or sell out potion of such land in case of need; though this is usually done after consultation with and the consent of the larger members of the lineage is obtained. Housing As per National Household survey of 2012/2013 Northern and eastern regions had the highest % of owner occupied dwellings (over 90%). This survey also showed that the Mid Northern region had the highest percentage of dwellings with brick walls (95%). The same region also had the highest number of grass thatched houses (17%). There is a general shift from temporary housing structures to permanent and semi- permanent structures. Although it was observed that most of the dwelling units are made of temporary/grass roofs materials, a large percentage of homesteads are constructing permanent structures besides the grass thatched ones. Local government officials consulted also said that the number of houses built with burnt bricks and roofed with iron sheets has increased in the last years. Generally, around the project area, the local community buildings are characterized by iron sheet/grass roofs, burnt bricks for the walls and earthed floors in the village setting. 12 Plate 4: State of housing structures in the project area Land tenure system Land tenure in the region is largely under customary tenure system, mostly owned under clans, despite the introduction of private/individual leasehold. Typical land holdings vary generally from half to about three acres per household on average and more than half of the farmers would like to cultivate more land. This situation varies significantly; farmers in the less populated areas have bigger plots than farmers elsewhere in the region. Energy usage Fuel wood is the most commonly used source of energy. 99% of the population depends on it either directly or indirectly. This is used in the form of firewood in rural areas and charcoal that is mostly used in the peri-urban areas. Nearly 98% of households depend on wood fuel as the source of domestic energy (Amuria DLG, 2017). This statistic reinforces the UBOS data of 2013 which puts it at 99% for mid north and north east regions. The use of electricity for cooking is neglible in these regions. According to the UBOS National Household survey (UBOS, 2012) 2.9 and 3.9% of households in the north East and mid north respectively used electricity for 13 lighting, with the rest utilising other sources including tadooba, lanterns, candles, firewood, cow dung and grass/reeds. Observations in the project area show that most households use firewood for cooking and kerosene for lighting. A few households/institutions/shops had solar panels to provide lighting and operate small businesses. Solar panels in the project area Diesel used in the grinding machine, in the project area Plate 5: Energy usage in the project area Physico-Cultural Resources The Department of Museums and Monuments was consulted during the course of this study. DMM indicated PCRs in Uganda are not adequately surveyed, and the possibility of presence of archaeological or cultural resources cannot be ruled out. A chance finds procedure has been proposed under the mitigation. Burial grounds are quite common in the region and ought to be avoided, considering the respect or attachment to them by the local community. Eastern Service Territory This section describes the Physical and Socio-Economic baseline of the project area, in the districts of Busia, Namayingo, Kamuli, Mayuge, Iganga, Jinja and Mbale. Physical data was partly captured by onsite studies while socio-economic information was obtained from review of literature including the UBOS socio-economic reports, District and Sub County Development Plans, District and community consultation and engagement. 14 BUSIA DISTRICT Soils Most soils are ferrallitic, mainly sandy loams usually with little differentiation into clearly defined horizons. The other group of soils is ferrisols which closely resemble ferrallitic soils. They are distinguished because they represent an earlier stage in the development of ferrallitic soils. They appear on crystalline basic rocks and possess better agronomic qualities. The exchange capacity is generally greater than 20 m.c /100 gm and is usually less than 50 percent saturated. The soils are generally poor with Buhehe Sub-county having the poorest soils. These soils no longer support high yields and therefore people continuously remain poor as adoptability to alternative activities has below. POPULATION SIZE Age Group Male Male Female Total Total 0-9 57,927 55,010 112,937 10-19 43,003 44,409 87,412 20-39 43,645 43,645 78,988 40-59 14,440 16,430 30,870 60+ 7,721 7,721 13,455 District 156,447 167,215 323,662 Total population by age group and sex, Busia District, 2014 Data source: UBOS National Housing and Population Census -2014. Access to Community Service  Access to a Primary school: Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest primary school, whether public or private are 2,613 representing 4.0 % while Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest public primary school are 4,356 representing 6.7 of households in the district  Access to a Secondary school: Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest secondary school, whether public or private are 13973 representing 21.6% while Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest public secondary school are 21968 representing 33.9%  Access to a Health Facility: Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest health facility, whether public or private are 10,165 representing 15.7 % while Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest public health facility are 13,871 representing 21.4%  Access to a Police post /Police station: Households that are 5 km or more to the nearest Police Post/Police Station are 15,866 representing 24.5% Household Based Agricultural Activities Household based Agricultural activities Number Percent Households engaged in crop growing 48,751 75.3 Households engaged in maize growing 46,383 71.6 15 Households engaged in coffee growing 365 0.6 Households engaged in growing of beans 21,124 32.6 Households engaged in growing of millet 3,583 5.5 Households engaged in growing of sweet potatoes 10,713 16.5 Households engaged in growing of matooke 3,186 4.9 Households engaged livestock farming 38,643 59.7 Households engaged in either crop growing or 51,427 79.4 livestock farming From table above, crop production is the dominant activity of all other agricultural activities and maize growing ranks the most cultivable crop in the region. This is mainly due to favorable prevailing conditions of soil and rainfall precipitation. Economic Activities A quick rapid appraisal of the area by the team and as indicated by the area residents, majority of households are engaged in agricultural activities for both subsistence and commercial purposes. Other major economic activities include; trade especially in agricultural produce of mainly; cattle, goats, millet, sorghum, etc. Health The views from stakeholder engagement on the major diseases that affect the area population indicate that malaria is still a challenge coupled with HIV/AIDS which has retarded progress due to its negative effects on the population such as burden on the households brought about by high number of orphaned children, high resources spent on seeking medical care etc. Most of the health institutions are not adequately stocked with medical supplies let alone qualified practitioners to be able to diagnose and treat the population of common illnesses. This is attributed to lack of social services such as electricity which makes it difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel to these areas. Therefore with the extension of electricity to this areas, more medical personnel will be attracted to go and work there hence reducing on mortality rates especially maternal mortality. Most health care facilities rely on solar energy which sometimes not able to power some equipment. Thus power extension under the grid intensification component will support use of better equipment in health care delivery Poverty Poverty levels in the area are still high and this is mostly attributed to weather vagaries since most of the population is dependent on rain fed agriculture; hence drastic conditions that lead to poor harvest are a major contributor to high rates of poverty in the area. The Northern insurgency by the Lord’s Resistance Army insurgents also led to retardation in economic growth of the area thus poverty Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron 16 sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi-permanent structures constructed of mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs. Source of cooking fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for cooking while Solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops Cultural Resources During the transect walk, no physical cultural resources were encountered along the proposed line route. KAMULI DISTRICT Geographical features The district has a number of hills but most notably we have the Kagulu hills which are today referred as the ancestral home for the old chiefs of the former Busoga district. The other parts of the district are low land areas covered with swamps and bordered by River Nile and Lake Kyoga. It experiences a bimodal type of rainfall which is about 110 mm during the main season that extends from March to May and least during the months of August and October. The district is mainly covered with savannah vegetation with scattered rains of the equatorial forest covers which have been depleted over time. Social and cultural structure Kamuli district comprises of several ethnic groups due to migration trends. However the Basoga are the majority tribe. The other tribes include Iteso, Bakenyi, Banyoro and Baruli among others. There are also non-Ugandans from different countries of the East African Region and other African Countries namely – Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda. Non-Africans are from the United Kingdom and Asia the Basoga dominate the total population i.e. (83.5%). Other Ethnic groups also contribute to the growing population in the District due to their migratory tendencies. These include the Iteso (3.9%), the Bakenyi (3.5%), Banyoro (2.0%), Baruli (2.0%) and other Ugandans contributing (4.9%) of the total population. The non- Ugandans contribute to only 0.1% of the total population. Poverty Levels Kamuli District and Busoga region in general is characterized by high levels of poverty. A rapid rural appraisal of the area during the reconnaissance survey identified that poverty levels are quite high in the region generally. Interactions with the local leaders of the area also comfirmed the same. The LC 1 chairperson of Kidiki village for example had this to say “poverty is very dominant in Kamuli and as you can see, we are struggling to meet even basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter”. 17 Education levels Generally, the area has high school drop out rates which is attributed to poverty levels leading to inability to afford school dues. A high number of school going children were seen at homes during the field assessment yet it was during the school term Employment Kamuli just like any part of the country is faced with high levels of unemployment with the majority of the working age group employed in the sugar cane plantations coupled with the fact that most of the would be working age group drops out of school early. Road Network Most of the district roads are murram surface roads that are routinely maintained however, a few of the roads are in a sorry state for example the road from Namwendwa Sub county headquarters to Kyeeya as can be seen from the picture below; Plate 6: This state of the road network hinders movement of goods and services as accidents may be prone 18 Plate 7: Kyeeya Primary school. One of the project beneficiary schools in Kamuli District Economic Activities A quick rapid appraisal of the area by the team and as indicated by the area residents, majority of households are engaged in agricultural activities for both subsistence and commercial purposes. The National Agricultural Advisory services (NAADS) Programme implemented by the Government of Uganda has brought about the introduction of new varieties for example improved bananas, maize, beans, sweet potatoes varieties, improved breeds of goats, cows etc. Other major economic activities include; trade especially in agricultural produce of mainly; millet, sorghum, cattle, goats, etc. Health The views from stakeholder engagement on the major diseases that affect the area population indicate that malaria is still a challenge coupled with HIV/AIDS which has retarded progress due to its negative effects on the population such as burden on the households brought about by high number of orphaned children, high resources spent on seeking medical care etc. Most of the health institutions are not adequately stocked with medical supplies let alone qualified practitioners to be able to diagnose and treat the population of common illnesses. This is attributed to lack of social services such as electricity which makes it difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel to these areas. Therefore with the extension of electricity to this areas, more medical personnel will be attracted to go and work there hence reducing on mortality rates especially maternal mortality. Most health care facilities rely on solar energy which is sometimes not able to power some equipment. Thus power extension under the grid intensification component will support use of better equipment in health care delivery 19 Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi-permanent structures constructed of mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs. Source of cooking fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for cooking while Solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops Cultural Resources During the transect walk, no physical cultural resources were encountered along the proposed line route. NAMAYINGO DISTRICT Topography The land is generally characterized by gentle undulating hills with few higher residual features. A narrow and generally higher accentuated relief to the south forms a watershed between Lake Victoria drainage and northern drainage. The major swamp is Dohwe. The major hills are Syabona and Bugali. Relief and Climate Namayingo district has a mean annual rainfall of 1200mm in the wetter south and 900 mm in the drier northwest. Within the wetter south precipitation varies. The southern parts of the district receive between 1,000mm to 1,500mm of rainfall per year. The northern part is relatively drier with an average of 650mm while the northwest is drier with a precipitation between 500mm and 450mm. In general there are two peak rainfall seasons in a year, that is, from April to June and from August to November. The two are punctuated by a dry season from December to March. Rainfall is important to the life of the people of the district as they depend on rain fed agriculture, its timing and intensity creates an impact on the agricultural productivity in the district, however rainfall is no longer reliable and difficult to predict; making it difficult for farmers to plan for the agricultural seasons properly. The temperatures range between 16.7 and 28.1 with the month of January being the hottest. The average wind speed is 4.4 km/hour, mainly blowing towards the north during March. Soils The soils covering most of the district are mainly loamy and sand loams. These soils have fine textile with rather loose structure, which are easily eroded and leached. Most soils are acidic. Soil types in the district include: (i) Yellow - red sandy, clay loams soils varying from dark grey to dark which are slightly acidic and mainly derived from granite, gneissic and sedimentary rocks. They occur on gently undulating 20 - hilly topography; (ii) Brown - yellow clay loams with laterite horizon with a variety of dark brown to dark greyish brown, which are slightly acidic. These occur on flat ridge tops or as of undulating topography; (iii) Light - grey- white mottled loamy soils with laterite horizon ground, structure-less loamy sands. They are acidic - allocative and mainly found on the lower and bottom slopes. Vegetation A total of 546 hectares of the district land is under central forest reserves though these have been highly encroached upon and/or cleared for firewood, charcoal, building poles, timber, farming and other non-timber products. Rapid deforestation and degradation of forest reserves are some of the adverse impacts resulting from lack of management of forests. Land use The District has a total area of 3,041.9 Square Km, of which 1,062 is dry land and the rest covered by water bodies. The land surface is characterized by gentle undulating hills with few higher residual features. The land sector reforms were initiated in 1999, after the administration found it timely and prudent to implement the Land Act 1998 as required by law. At around the same time the District land Board was also set up to manage land matters within the district with an ultimate aim of improving the livelihoods of the population by reducing poverty levels basing on the fact that land is a basic factor of production. Most of the land in the district is under unregistered customary ownership with an increasing number of leaseholds and freeholds in the Namayingo town council and Buyinja Sub County. The main land use is agriculture, however, other use depends on ownership, tenure, and customs. Tenure arrangement is associated with several pressures including; overgrazing, bush burning and land fragmentation. These pressures continue to limit the sustainable utilization of the land resource and instead lead to over exploitation. To ensure that land ownership facilitates development, government needs to roll out a systematic land demarcation and survey the entire country as per the planned vision 2040. Health The average immunization coverage was at 103% in 2016/17 as compared to the National coverage of 95% for all types of vaccines. Malaria has remained the leading killer disease over the same period with the disease burden at 40%. Latrine coverage improved from 48% in 2014 to 55.3% in 2015/16 and 66% in 2017.HIV/AIDS is also high with a disease burden at 5.6%. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) was 365 people per 100,000 populations while Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) was 50 deaths per 1,000 live births, 70 for under 5 years, 30 Neonetal Mortality Rate (NMR), Teenage pregnancy rate at 35%, Contraceptive Prevalence Rate is below 20% as compared to 35% national, Adolescent Birth Rate (15-19 years) is at 210 per 100,000 live births as compared to 135 National. The life expectancy in Namayingo is 63.3 years with 62.2 years for Males and 64.2 years for Female. The total fertility rate according to the UDHS 2016 was 7.8 births per women and the national was 6.5. 21 Education Primary enrollment showed the number of boys (26,949) slightly higher than girls (26,824) in 2016 Sanitation There are 746 latrine stances for the 46,611 pupils giving a ratio of 1:58. The latrine stance gap is 430 stances to arrive at the national ratio of 1:40. This gap makes retention of girl child in schools a problem. Rain water harvesting facilities stand at 10 and have been distributed to schools under UNICEF, EDF, and ADB (through NETWAS implemented by UMURDA) Water In the district, access to boreholes stands at 58% of the population, 35% for shallow wells, 4% for protected springs, 2% for public taps with no RWH Tanks Economic Activities A quick rapid appraisal of the area by the team and as indicated by the area residents, majority of households are engaged in agricultural activities for both subsistence and commercial purposes. The National Agricultural Advisory services (NAADS) Programme implemented by the Government of Uganda has brought about the introduction of new breeds for example improved goats, cows, improved varieties of banana, maize, beans, sweet potatoes etc. Other major economic activities include; trade especially in agricultural produce of mainly; cattle, goats, millet, sorghum, etc. Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi-permanent structures constructed of mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs. Source of cooking fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for cooking while Solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops Cultural Resources During the transect walk, no physical cultural resources were encountered along the proposed line route. Mineral Resources No major geological studies have been carried out in the district to determine presence of minerals. However, there is abundancy of gold, clay and sand which is being mined for glass manufacturing. Geological studies need to be carried out to assess their potentials. There are a number of stone quarries and clay deposits that are 22 used for providing construction materials. Efforts are being stepped up to have revenue mobilized and collected from these sources Mineral Resources. BUGIRI Topography The land is generally characterized by gentle undulating hills with few higher residual features. A narrow and generally higher accentuated relief to the south forms a watershed between Lake Victoria drainage and northern drainage. The major swamps include Igogero, Kibimba and Idohwe. The islands in the waters comprise the Sigulu islands which are predominantly occupied by the Samias and Luos with fishing as their major source of livelihood. The major hills are Irimbi, Bululu and Namakako believed to have formed as a result of earth movements. Their slopes are cultivatable with high fertility causing a high population settlement around them Vegetation The district is predominantly savannah wood land with forest covers of Irimbi, Luvunyia and general savannah grassland punctuated with wet lands and swamps stretching from the lake shores of Lake Victoria to the northern parts of the district. In the northern part of the district is Lake Kimira whose tributaries feed into the river Mpolongoma. Along its way are wet lands running through the Sub County of Nabukalu, Iwemba and Buluguyi. Climate Bugiri district has a mean annual rainfall of 1200mm in the wetter south and 900mm in the drier northwest. Within the wetter south precipitation varies. The southern parts of the district receive between 1,000mm to 1500mm of rain fall per year. The northern part is relatively drier with an average of 650mm while the North West is drier with precipitation between 500mm and 450mm. In general there are two peak rainfall seasons in a year that is from April to June and from August to November. The two are punctuated by a dry season from December to March. Rain fall is important to the life of the people of the district as they depend on rain fed agriculture, its timing and intensity creates an impact on the agricultural productivity in the district, however, rainfall is no longer reliable and difficult for farmers to plan for the agricultural seasons properly. The temperatures range from 16.7 to 28.1 degrees with the month of February being the hottest. The average wind speed is 4.4km/hr, mainly blowing towards the north during March Health The average immunization coverage is at 85% as compared to the National coverage of 95% in for all types of vaccines. Malaria has remained the leading killer disease with the burden of 34%. Latrine coverage has improved from 49% to 65% and HIV/AIDS is also high with a disease burden at 60%. Infant Mortality Rates was 126/1000 population the life expectancy in Bugiri is 48 years. The total fertility rate was 7.1 births per women and the national was 7. The safe water coverage is 36% as compared to the national coverage of 58%. Average household distance to the water point is 2.5km as compared to the national distance of 1.5km 23 Education Majority of boys and girls of school going age were attending school however, there is a general decline in the performance of children coupled with high dropout rates. This is further worsened by the fact that few girls complete school as opposed to boys as a result of boys being favoured. Secondary school performance is better as a result of private sector involvement. Primary enrollment showed a higher number of boys than girls as most girls end up in early marriages due to teenage pregnancy as a result of school drop outs. Economy The proposed project area is predominantly rural, where subsistence farming is found to be the main occupation especially among women. The project area is also inhabited by semi-nomadic pastoralists. However, there is little industrial investment especially in the processing of agricultural produce (coffee processing). Major crops grown in the area include; maize, coffee, beans, millet, sweet potatoes, bananas as well as livestock farming. In general, the dominant economic activity in the area is agriculture, and sugar cane is a major cash crop grown in the area. The area is more developed than the north with small and medium industries and agro-processing facilities dominated by indigenous Indian families. There is much trade and market exchange business due to the Uganda import/export eastern route to Kenya and the rest of the world; and the area is also home to fishing along the shores of lake Victoria. Plate 7: Sugar cane plantation in the project area Physical environment: during the field survey exercise, the team found out that the dominant agricultural practice in or close to the Row is sugar cane plantation in the area. Most are small scale privately owned and some are large scale owned by companies. It should be noted that electrification activities and process of distributing electricity does not lead to destructive tendencies to sugar cane plantations as these can co –exist in same area by cultivation under the RoW. 24 Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise of permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi-permanent structures constructed with mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs. Many of the households in the area also resided in semidetached dwellings Source of cooking fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for cooking while solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops. Health The views from stakeholder engagement on the major diseases that affect the area population indicate that malaria is still a challenge coupled with HIV/AIDS which has retarded progress due to its negative effects on the population such as burden on the households brought about by high number of orphaned children, high resources spent on seeking medical care etc. Most of the health institutions are not adequately stocked with medical supplies let alone qualified practitioners to be able to diagnose and treat the population of common illnesses. This is attributed to lack of social services such as electricity which makes it difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel to these areas. Therefore with the extension of electricity to this areas, more medical personnel will be attracted to go and work there hence reducing on mortality rates especially maternal mortality. Most health care facilities rely on solar energy which sometimes not able to power some equipment. Thus power extension under the grid intensification component will support use of better equipment in health care delivery Mbale Temperature On an annual timescale, February has historically been the warmest month in the region with average maximum temperature of about 31.1oC month in the region with average maximum temperature of about 31.1oC 25 Figure 2: Mean Monthly temperature for Buginyanya weather station (2002 -2011) Rainfall In terms of precipitation, Mbale District on average receives a lower rainfall than surrounding areas in Bududa and Manafwa Districts in higher altitudes (Figure 3). Figure3 Monthly Rainfall at Mbale and Buginyanya weather stations for the periods of 1961 - 1990 Geology and Soils Mbale has Biotite granite geological settling Carbonatite formation. The project areas are within low-lying areas which are within areas with clay loams, sandy clayey and sandy loam soils 26 Jinja Climate Jinja District has a tropical climate with comparatively small seasonal variations of temperatures, humidity and wind throughout the year. The district receives rainfall of about 1200 - 1500 mm per annum, which is well distributed with peaks in March to May and October to November. Temperatures vary from a maximum daily temperature of 29 degrees Celsius in January to a minimum daily temperature of 27 degrees Celsius in July. The monthly average minimum Temperature range from 16 degrees Celsius to18 degrees Celsius. Geology and soils The largest part of the District is underlain by un-differential gneisses formerly seen as part of basement complex. Rhodi ferrelistic Nitisol are the most predominant soil type comprising 42% of the total land area (30415.6 ha), with patches of Epi/Endopetric Plinth sols (constituting 0.8 % of the total land area i.e. 595,1ha) superimposed on the Nitisols in isolated and very small areas. This soil type is of relatively high to moderate fertility, they are permeable, with a stable structure, and low erodibility, hence less prone to erosion. Generally, all the soil types in Jinja are of moderate stable structure, low erodibility and high fertility, with ability to support a wide range of activities such as settlement, farming and forest establishment (JDLG, 2005). Iganga Climate The district receives a mean annual rainfall of 1200 mm in the wetter south and 900 mm in the drier northwest. Generally, there are two peak rain fall seasons, thus from April to June and August to November. Mean annual temperature ranges from 250C to 350C. Geology and soils Main geology of target districts is called the Basement Complex composed by granite or gneiss formed in Precambrian era. After the Precambrian era, this area didn’t get large tectonic movement. Therefore, peneplain has formed by weathering and erosion. Since the topography is flat in this area, thick clay layer which has 20 to 30m thickness is formed occasionally. 27 Summary of key social-economic findings  The main economic activity in the affected communities is subsistence farming.  The informal sector is dominant in most of the proposed project areas with business entities and economic livelihood activities having no titled/registered assets, no formal labour contracts, and as such employees are excluded from social safety nets.  Females are mainly engaged in subsistence farming (through family labour), while men are dominantly employed in the formal sector, livestock keeping, cash crop and retail trade.  Females have access to land and as such grow crops for the families to ensure food security but very few own land. Majority of the land is owned by men and this is enhanced by the prevailing customs.  The local community in the proposed project areas is multi-ethnic but the dominant ethnic groups are the Banyole, Bagwere, Bagisu, Badama, Itesot, Basoga and Samia(Luhya).  Sections of the proposed areas for development are densely populated especially in the rural growth centers.  The active age group of 15-24 years (male and female youths) is involved in unpaid family work. They are willing to work as casual labourers on the proposed project.  There is a significant number of unemployed youths within the Project Affected Communities.  Customary land tenure ship (both communal and individual) is common in the districts proposed for Rural Electrification.  Gender inequality is being expressed in a number of forms ranging from opportunities for recruitment, ownership of land, early marriages (especially for the girl child), access to public resources such as schools among others. Marginalisation and social exclusion of women is still widely practiced in the formal and informal sectors.  The most common energy source for lighting is the paraffin-“Tadooba” lamp. Fuel wood is the main source of cooking energy.  Most communities welcome the development mainly for maize milling business and lighting.  Access to safe water in these districts is low. The common sources of water are boreholes especially in Busia Districts; while in Jinja District some people rely on protected wells and R. Nile. 28 Cultural Resources During the transect walk, no physical cultural resources were encountered along the proposed line route. Population and Demographics The population within the project areas is heterogeneous comprising of various ethnic groups which enriches the cultural life. Ethnicity is defined as a segment of a society whose members are thought by themselves and /or others to have a common origin and to share important segments of a common culture. They in addition, participate in shared activities in which common origin and culture are of significant ingredients. These are inscriptive differences in terms of colour, appearance, language, religion or some other indicators of common origin or some combination seen as salient to their identity (UBOS, 2006 Uganda Population and Housing Census Analytical Report). The dominating ethnic groups in the eastern region are the Basoga, Banyole, Bagwere, Bagisu, Badama, Itesot, Basoga and Samia (Luhya) but there are other ethnic groups such as such as the Basiki, Baganda, Japadhola, and Bakenyi among others. In Butaleja District, Banyole are the biggest ethnic group (66%), followed by Bagwere (5%), Japadhola (3%), Basoga (1%) and Iteso, Baganda, Basamia, Banyankole and the Acholi have less than 1% (Butaleja District Local Government Statistical Absract, 2009). Prevalance of Vulnerable Groups Vulnerability can be assessed at personal and household level. At personal level, vulnerability is a state of being in which a person is likely to be in a risky situation, suffering significant physical, emotional, or mental harm that may result in his/her human rights not being fulfilled (National Population and Housing Census, Area Specific Profiles, 2014). a) Orphaned and Vulnerable Children (OVCs) The 2014 Census measured some of the dimensions of Child Vulnerability. The results show high levels of vulnerability in Mbale District as highlighted below;  One in every eight (12.5%) of children aged 6 – 12 Years were not in school;  Two out of every 25 (8%) children less than 18 years of age were orphaned;  One in every 16 (6% ) of the girls aged 12 to 17 years had already given birth;  One in every 15 (6.5%) of the girls aged 12 – 17 had ever been in a marriage union; Children and Youth: Infant and child mortality rates are basic indicators of a country’s socioeconomic situation and quality of life (Uganda Demographic and Health Survey, 2016). The national level child mortality rate stands at 22 deaths per 1,000 children surviving to 29 age 12 months, while the overall under-5 mortality rate was 64 deaths per 1,000 live births. The most at risk populations regarding HIV/ AIDS in Eastern Uganda include female sex workers (mostly youths). Death due HIV/AIDs leads to an increase in number of orphans as well as children in extremely poor households are at high risk of dropping out of school and becoming working children. Many children, with low human capital and in poor health, tend to grow up to become at-risk and unemployed youth. The proposed project, poses a risk of child labour due to a significant number of unemployed youths and children in the area. Child abuse takes many forms including child labour. Child labour (children below 17 years) within the district of Mbale is recorded at 25, 560 cases (24.7% of the total number of children), and in Busia District 24,919 (34.7%). (National Population and Housing Census, Area Specific Profiles, 2014). This indicates that a significant percentage of children is already working and as such, there is a risk that the proposed project will employ children if the risk is not guarded against. Economic Activities In the eastern region, majority of the population depend on subsistence agriculture for food, income and employment. According to the Population and Housing Census, 2002, the main economic activities for majority of the households in the project areas were dealing in crop farming as their main economic activity. The crops grown include millet, vegetables, sweet potatoes maize, sugar cane, and sorghum. Most of the population in most of the districts, notably, in the age group 20 to 24 is involved in unpaid family work, followed by those self-employed commonly found in the age groups 18 to 19 years. In study area, people grow a variety of food and cash crops. 85% of the farmers are engaged in crop production as their main activity, 12% are engaged in mixed farming and a much smaller percentage is engaged in livestock keeping and fishing. Sugar cane and coffee are the main cash crops (Jinja District Development Plan, 2016-2021). The main crops grown for subsistence purposes include; maize, beans, bananas, sweet potatoes, rice, cassava and groundnuts others. Growing of food crops for subsitence is mainly conducted by family labour, with women and girls dominating in engaging in food production for the families. Cash crops include coffee, cotton, cocoa and vanilla. Cash crop production involves the use of hired labour, mostly male youths (some from within the local area and to external labour force). The other crops grown include; Soya beans, sunflower, simsim, vegetables and fruits. The dominant livelihood activity is subsistence farming. Commercial farming is as well practiced on a large scale in Jinja with sugar cane plantations. Coffee was also grown in some areas but on small scale for commercial purposes. Jinja District also has a number of industries due to privatization and liberalization of the economy. Many of these industries have been rehabilitated and new ones built like BIDCO, Steel Rolling Mills at Masese, Kakira Sugar Works, Nile Agro processing and Nile Breweries (Jinja District Development Plan, 2016-2021). 30 Cattle Grazing in the project areas Banana plantations in Mbale District 31 SUMMARY OF STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ISSUES A number of matters were raised during the stakeholder engagement meetings and have been summarized in table 3 below: Table 3: Issues of concern discussed during the stakeholder engagement No. Emerging Issues Details REA Response 1. Sensitization PAPs requested for REA shall ensure that continuous further sensitization on sensitization across all project the project impacts. areas throughout the project lifecycle. 2. Commencement of PAPs asked about when REA advised that the ESMP the project the project would development was part of the commence. preliminary requirements before the project could commence and that funding for the project had already been acquired. 3. Possibility of PAPs in all the project Community members that were connecting those off areas requested that off scope were encouraged to scope those who were not in officially apply for connection to the original scope be REA through their respective LC1 included. chairpersons because the funding available is only for the original scope. 4. Identification of and Beneficiaries requested REA explained that all qualified access to certified REA to identify and wiremen must be licensed by the wiremen provide contacts of Electricity Regulatory Authority qualified wiremen to and have certificates issued by the ensure that they get Authority. REA staff promised to quality services invite the service providers (UMEME and UEDCL) to the subsequent community meetings to give the PAPs all the required information. 5. Compensation PAPs throughout the REA informed the communities project areas requested that compensation will be for to know whether they crops and trees that will be would be compensated. damaged during construction works and this would take place prior to project commencement. It was emphasized that structures would not be destroyed nor would the electricity lines pass over them. The lines would pass along the 32 No. Emerging Issues Details REA Response road reserves and common boundaries in order to avoid destroying plots. 6. Last mile connection The beneficiaries asked if The project includes a component the project included of last mile connection therefore connections to the the consumers are only required premises. to wire their houses. 7. Vulgar language REA was cautioned REA advised that the contractors’ against hiring staff will have a code of conduct contractors who used that each staff must sign and vulgar language and failure to abide by the code of obscenities. conduct will tantamount to punitive measures. The community was encouraged to identify and report staff that use vulgarities. 8. Spread of HIV/AIDS It was noted that there As part of preliminary is need for sensitization preparations, the ESMP will be of project staff, the local developed with proposed community and schools measures to mitigate the negative within the area about impacts of the project. HIV/AIDS. 9. Employment and The communities The local communities were gender requested forinformed that employment employment during opportunities would both be construction of the line. direct and indirect for example by starting restaurants in the project Ladies in attendance also area from which the construction requested the REA team staff will eat. REA encouraged for employment those that qualified for the technical positions to apply to the contractor. The ladies in attendance were encouraged to actively participate in the project and set up businesses during the construction period and post construction to increase their disposable income. 33 6. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN An environmental and social management plan has been developed to assist in mitigating and managing environmental and social impacts associated with the construction and operation of the lines. The ESMP has been developed to provide a basis for the implementation and monitoring of Environmental and Social management aspects of the project. The ESMP also assigns action responsibilities to various actors and timeframes within which mitigation measures and monitoring should be done. The ESMP in table 4 delineates specific actions for mitigating the potential impacts, stakeholders responsible for the implementation of proposed measures, the specific performance indicators to be used during inspection and monitoring, the responsible parties, and cost. 34 Table 4: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Matrix No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency General Provisions 1. All impacts All All phases Entire a) Achieve full compliance with the World Bank EHS REA i) Compliance - i) NEMA 100% Compliance with REA Safeguards - activities route Construction Guidelines, National Environmental and with all ESMP ESMP. Personnel in place. ii) Respective District in Project social requirements upon which this ESMP is based, requirements. Site Local Government through regularly monitoring and address on-site ii) Number of iii) PCU/MEMD situations and through applying the relevant mitigation non- measures. compliance b) REA to issue penalties, in consultation with relevant fines issued. authorities, for incidents of non-compliance, and always in liaison with NEMA. 2. All impacts All Construction Entire a) Sensitise the Contractor’s workers including foremen, Contractor i) Show Prior to i) REA i) Effective Construction period is 60,000 activities route supervisors and labourers in the requirement for and full appointment commence Monitoring estimated at 15months. ii) Supervising in Project implementation of the ESMP. of/institutional ment of Mechanism in Site Consultant 2 x Safeguards Experts x b) Employ an adequately qualified and experienced arrangement constructio iii) NEMA place. 15 months x Environmental and Social Personnel to assist with specific with NEMA, n activities ii) Quarterly E&SMP USD2,000/month to put in place and iv) Respective route and pole location of the infrastructure, prior to the District Local meetings held with construction of such, as well as regular independent the EO to ongoing. stakeholders. regularly Government monitoring and stakeholder engagement throughout the construction period. monitor and v) PCU/MEMD c) Put in place simple Construction Method Statements for report to REA, activities in sensitive areas densely populated areas. PAPs and local authorities on project performance, measured on the requirements of the ESMP. ii) Construction Method Statements in place for activities in sensitive areas. Ecological Considerations 3. Fauna Avian Design, Entire a) Design for the horizontal alignment of conductor lines, to REA i) Horizontally Once-off REA/ PCU/MEMD i) Horizontally placed REA to scope and cost - biodiversity species construction, route reduce the probability of bird flight collisions. placed lines. at final lines, near medium- final design. (wild animals) colliding operation & design sized wetlands. with b) visibility enhancement objects such as marker balls, bird ii) visibility electricity maintenance deterrents or diverters will be installed where required enhancement stage. lines objects such as marker balls, bird deterrents or diverters installed where required Construction Entire c) No wild animals to be caught, killed or harmed during Contractor i) Record of Constructi i) REA vi) Zero wild animals No direct cost. - route construction, in compliance with the provisions regarding siting’s of wild on period ii) Supervising or birds are prohibitions against acts affecting protected species, animals with Consultant captured and/or including outside protected areas, according to the through monthly iii) NEMA killed. Uganda Wildlife Act, 2000. checking with monitorin local g. iv) Respective District communities. Local Governments v) PCU/MEMD 4. Floral Clear Design Entire a) Locate the route design within the road reserve, avoiding REA i) Number of Once-off i) REA vi) Reduce to absolute REA to scope and cost in - biodiversity native route trees and dense vegetation, as far as is possible, and only native trees during final minimum area of final design phase. ii) Supervising vegetation deviate from it if necessary. Attention is focussed on that if affected by the design native vegetation & in RoW, Consultant Ecosystem material one side of the road has remnant forest or old/mature/large project. phase. iii) NEMA and trees affected by habitats storage trees, while the other side does not and is clear, then ii) Number of old the project. relocate the route on the clearest side of the road. Such final iv) Respective District areas and fruits trees vii) Under 20 native Local Government 3 This is just an estimated cost 35 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency constructi line routings must be considered carefully during final design (mangos, v) PCU/MEMD trees affected by the on yards. and include the consideration of minimising the removal of avocados, etc.) project. both natural vegetation and private woodlots. affected by the viii) Zero old fruits trees b) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid project. (mangos, avocados, destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, etc.) affected by the where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, project. and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from ix) Minimise the trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, number and area of in view of the significant value of such trees in the context private woodlot of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to disturbed. restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience. c) Final pole positions must be checked on the site, to ensure that all environmental and social features within the final route are protected. Remnant ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid such sensitive areas the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to plan around creating unnecessary damage to the remaining natural forests, plants, wetlands, crop lands, woodlots, private buildings and farm infrastructure, like hedgerows, avenues of trees/shrubs, walls and fences. d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid land clearing, where possible and where the underlying crops and/or vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation as far as is possible; it is costly to replace after the line is in place. e) Care should be taken, as far as is possible, to plan the proposed line routes to avoid natural vegetation, wetlands and private woodlots and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation or private woodlots. Construction Entire a) Avoid clearing natural trees, forests and vegetation at all Contractor i) Area of native Constructi i) REA i) Reduce to absolute Guidelines are provided 10,000 route costs, as these species are under pressure in the Project Area. vegetation on period ii) Supervising minimum area of here to reduce the b) The distribution line must be strung, without having to clear affected by the with Consultant native vegetation negative impacts on low lying vegetation occurring within the RoW. Such project. monthly affected by the natural vegetation, iii) NEMA vegetation could include crops and/or all remaining natural ii) Number of monitoring project. providing specification . iv) Respective District for the construction vegetation, and such must not be cleared for the stringing of native trees Local Government ii) Under 10 native the lines, during the construction phase. The final design affected by the trees affected by the phase. A lump sum thus requires careful planning. project. v) PCU/MEMD project. allowance of USD10, c) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid iii) Number of old iii) Zero old fruits trees 000 is made for destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, fruits trees (mangos, avocados, restoration efforts. where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, (mangos, etc.) affected by the and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from avocados, etc.) project. trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, affected by the in view of the significant value of such trees in the context project. of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience. d) When placing the final pole positions, ensure poles are carefully placed and well away from trees and/or remnant forest, as well as wetland areas, where possible, especially avoiding old/mature/large trees or forest, as far as is possible. This will ensure that the number of trees removed are utterly reduced or reduced to trimming of trees only. e) Limit clearing to a maximum of 5m wide to each side of the line where necessary, as the RoW and using a wider area only where necessary. Only vegetation 2.5m and taller needs to be cleared form the RoW, also only when necessary. f) Locate material storage areas and construction yards in existing cleared areas in trading centres Clear Design Wetland a) Avoid routing the line across deep wetlands. Design support REA i) Number of Once-off i) REA vi) One per 200m Covered in the final - wetland areas structures for longer spans, to avoid/reduce the number of poles placed in during final length of wetland design costs. ii) Supervising vegetation poles that need to be located in sensitive wetland areas. wetlands. design. crossed, over through Consultant b) Design to place the distribution lines well above existing ii) Area of wetland areas. 36 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency earthwork wetland vegetation, as far as is possible, to avoid vegetation wetland iii) NEMA vii) Area of wetland s. clearing in wetland and riparian areas. vegetation vegetation cleared iv) Respective District cleared. Local Government below 3m2 per pole. v) PCU/MEMD Construction Wetland a) Limit the area to be cleared to place poles to below 3m2per REA & i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) NEMA clearance. Embedded in the - areas pole. Contractor holes dug in on period ii) Supervising ii) One/200m length construction costs b) Avoid entering a wetland area with any construction wetlands. with Consultant of wetland crossed, machinery. Work in wetland areas can be conducted by ii) Application to monthly iii) NEMA over wetlands. hand. NEMA for monitoring iv) Respective District iii) Area of wetland clearance. . c) Carefully clean construction equipment after working in Local Government vegetation cleared areas infested by water hyacinth or other known invasive v) PCU/MEMD below 3m2 per pole. and exotic species. Clearance Construction Farms a) Crops and trees will only be cut or damaged where Contractor iii) Height of poles Constructi i) REA i) Minimal damage to Clearance embedded in - for the avoidance is impossible, the contractor will restrict damage used on period farmlands works ii) Supervising right of to spots where poles are to be planted. Indiscriminate with way in REA for way iv) No. of sugar Consultant farmlands damage within the way leave will not be permitted. leaves cane monthly iii) NEMA Compensation b) Clearing of trees should be for only those that are more acquisition plantations monitoring embedded in ARAP iv) Respective District than 2m high within the RoW, and the tall trees and avoided Local Government branches adjacent the power lines that are of safety concern v) No. of v) PCU/MEMD c) Communities will be continuously sensitized on the issue of complaints wayleaves to ensure that the conflicts between the project regarding and communities are minimized. destruction d) Where losses of vegetation/crops are inevitable, registered and compensation measures will be instituted as per approved handled District Land Board rates and in line with the REA vi) Area cleared of Resettlement Framework, and the Abbreviated Resettlement vegetation. Action Plan that has been prepared alongside this vii) ARAP Environmental and Social management Plan. developed and implemented Unintende Construction, Entire e) Avoid making open fires, especially during dry climatic Contractor i) Number of fire Constructi i) REA i) Zero fire incidents. Allowance is made for 7,000 d wild operation & route, conditions and when dry grass and other dry vegetation incidents and on period the purchase of fire ii) Supervising fires maintenance especiall close by could start a wild fire. details of any with fighting equipment. Consultant y densely f) Provide fire fighting equipment, during construction and fire fighting monthly iii) NEMA vegetate adequately train personnel in fire fighting skills. activities and monitoring d areas requirements. . iv) Respective District g) Properly clear vegetation around poles and close to Local Government electricity lines, to avoid safety and fire risks and damage v) PCU/MEMD being done to infrastructure, should a fire be burning. Right of way Clearance operation & Entire a) Clearing of trees should be for only those that are Service territory i) No. of Operation vi) REA a) Minimal To be budgeted by the - maintenance for the maintenance route, more than 2m high within the RoW, and the tall trees Operator complaints and damage to Operator at the time of vii) NEMA right of and branches adjacent the power lines that are of regarding maintenan trees and commissioning and way safety concern viii) Respective District vegetation maintenan destruction ce Local handle over of the b) Remove as much vegetation as possible by hand held registered and line.since the cost has to ce GovernmentERA tools and avoid the use of heavy machinery, handled b) be approved by ERA. especially in sloping areas and sensitive areas. ii) Area cleared of c) Coordinating with switch control units to ensure vegetation. c) . power supply is turned off before start of line maintenance; d) The public shall be protected against hazards of tree trimming along the roads by placing warning signs & d) signals; e) Where there is danger that the tree may strike and damage property, the trimmers should employ block and tackle system to control the direction of fall; f) All tree trimmings and branches should be cleared off the road by the crew; 5. Sustainable use Pollution Construction Pole and a) Avoid the contamination and pollution of soils with Contractor i) Volume of Constructi i) REA i) Zero soil pollution. Included into waste - of soil incidents and transfor hazardous materials like fuels and oils, through the proper contaminated on period management allowance. ii) Supervising within operation mer sites, handling of construction materials and ensuring effective soil on the with Project Consultant Site construct waste management Project Site monthly iii) NEMA ion yard monitoring . iv) Respective District Local Government v) PCU/MEMD 37 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency 6. Fragile Constructi Construction Wetland a) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to Contractor i) Area of Once-off i) REA i) Zero wetland and Direct cost only on the removal of invasive species ecosystems on and areas avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible wetland and during final riparian vegetation ii) Supervising activities operation and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain riparian design. to be removed. near Consultant wetlands this vegetation during the stringing of lines. vegetation iii) NEMA impacted by 12,000 b) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must During ii) Complete removal the poles and iv) Respective District avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for operation. of alien species in route. Local Government construction or maintenance of the line should be RoW. developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting ii) Area/number v) PCU/MEMD natural vegetation. of invasive c) Remove invasive plant species during construction within species RoW. removed. Construction Wetland d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to Contractor i) Area of Constructi i) REA i) Zero wetland and and areas avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible wetland and on period ii) Supervising riparian vegetation operation and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain riparian with Consultant to be removed. this vegetation during the stringing of lines. vegetation monthly iii) NEMA e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must impacted by monitoring the poles and . iv) Respective District avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for ii) Complete removal route. Local Government construction or maintenance of the line should be During of alien species in developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting constructio v) PCU/MEMD RoW. natural vegetation. ii) Area/number n. f) Remove invasive plant species during routine maintenance of invasive of RoW. species removed. Social Considerations 7. Employment Employing Construction Entire a) Labour can be employed from along the route, with strict Contractor i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Zero recruitment of ESMP Awareness 6,000 local route adherence to international labour laws and local cultural residents on period children Training for all site ii) Supervising labour sensitivities, as identified during consultations, focusing on employed, with personnel. Consultant ii) 1/3 of the labour gender equity and child protection and within the including monthly iii) NEMA force should be 60 people x parameters of the ESMP. number of monitoring women USD100/person women . iv) Respective District b) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is iii) At least 90% Casual employed. Local Government recommended that, where necessary and feasible, local labourers from the labour force from within the immediate communities be v) PCU/MEMD project areas recruited to minimise housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the respective Districts Labour Officers on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements. 8. Social cohesion External Construction Entire a) The Contractor should be monitored independently and Contractor i) Record of any Constructi i) REA i) Zero tolerance for Stakeholder liaison costs 12,000 or disruption constructi route regularly to ensure strict compliance with contractual incidents of on period incidents of highly are allowed for, for ii) Supervising on crews obligations, including adherence to stipulated standards of negative social with significant negative Contractor personnel to & Consultant Influx of conduct and behaviour of construction workers. implications monthly iii) NEMA social implications. spend time dealing with people b) The Contractor needs to sensitise workers in cultural values from the monitoring local stakeholders and project filed . iv) Respective District authorities. and norms of the area and the identified sensitivities. with REA. Local Government c) The Contractor needs to work closely with the existing law USD500/month for v) Ministry of Gender liaison officer enforcement agencies in the areas of the project (Local Labour and Social Councils and the Police) to help address potential issues of Development crime in the project. Local authorities require support to handle the increased cases of indiscipline and conflict, vi) PCU/MEMD brought about by the increased population influx, and any disputes that are likely to ensue. d) Issues of security should be handled hand-in-hand with the local Council administration, to ensure that suspicious non- known members of the area who are also not part of the project, are rounded up to avoid disrupting the security of the area. e) The project should in addition have its own security system as it is very common to find the local security organs conniving with the bad characters to exploit projects. f) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA 38 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency 9. Potential child Employing Construction Entire a) Avoiding employing workers below 18 years by insisting on Contractor i) Reports of Constructi i) REA Zero incidences of child No direct cost - abuse and route viewing potential employees’ National Identity cards to orientation on period abuse ii) Supervising managem ascertain proof of age before recruitment. . meetings with ent of Consultant labour b) Put in place a child protection plan and implement it ii) Presence of monthly iii) NEMA c) Report cases of child abuse to authorities child monitoring iv) Respective District protection plan d) Collaboration with labor and the respective Probation and Local Government Welfare officers for cases of child abuse or violating iii) Number of v) Ministry of Gender workers’ rights. child abuse Labour and Social cases reported Development and concluded vi) PCU/MEMD iv) Evidence of collaboration with labor and the respective Probation and Welfare officers for cases of child abuse or violating workers’ rights. 10. Social order During Construction Entire a) Restrict construction activities to daytime hours only Contractor i) Complaints Constructi vii) REA Zero incidences of No direct cost - line route registered from on period disrupting social order disruption/n erection b) No activities will be allowed on site beyond 6.00 pm in viii) Supervising oise order to check on the noise pollution much felt at night. community with Consultant ii) Incident monthly pollution c) Put in place a code of conduct to be followed by the ix) NEMA workforce and avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience to register for monitoring x) Respective District the community workers Local Government iii) Code of xi) PCU/MEMD conduct in place 11. Conflict with Employing Construction Entire a) Ensure workers are mainly recruited from project areas Contractor i) Records of Constructi i) REA i) Zero conflict Grievance management 10,000 communities/A of labour route employees on period costs are allowed for, for b) Awareness arising (Engagement) for both the workers and For engagement ii) Supervising ii) Any Grievance gencies due to the communities REA/Contractor ii) Functioning with Consultant managed properly Contractor personnel to influx of labour c) Implement a functioning and easily accessible Grievance /Supervising and accessible monthly iii) NEMA and in a timely spend time dealing with Redress Mechanism(GRM) Consultant GRM in place monitoring manner conflicts iv) Respective District d) Workers to sign and adhere to code of conduct that among iii) Codes of Local Government others includes how to deal with communities Conduct signed v) Ministry of Gender e) Continuous engagement with all key stakeholders on the iv) Engagement Labour and Social project progress and requirements reports Development vi) PCU/MEMD 12. Labor related Employm Construction Entire a) Awareness arising (Engagement) for both the workers and Contractor i) Awareness/eng Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidences A block figure on 10,000 sexual ent and /operation route the communities agement on period related to sexual management of sexual ii) Supervising harassment and managem reports with violence/GBV related violence allowed ent of b) Workers to sign and adhere to code of conduct that among Consultant abuse of labour others includes requirement for non-tolerance to sexual ii) Signed Code of monthly iii) NEMA women and harassment including GBV Conduct monitoring girls including iv) Respective District c) Engagement of workers on the laws against defilement and iii) Reports of Local Government GBV other sexual offences including work place policy of sexual behaviours of v) Ministry of Gender harassment workers Labour and Social d) Monitoring reports of workers behavior conduct during Development construction works vi) PCU/MEMD e) Engagement of workers on the family and child protection unit of police 13. Labour issues – Employm Construction Entire a) Contractor to have in place a project workers grievance Contractor i) Project Constructi i) REA Zero incidences related to No direct cost - employment ent and /operation route redress committee, Labour force Management Plan, in line Workers on period employment and work ii) Supervising and working managem with the Labour Act and OHS Act. Labour Force Grievance with conditions ent of Consultant conditions labour Management Plan to address issues of workers’ welfare, Redress monthly iii) NEMA child labour, workers code of conduct, sexual harassment committee in monitoring among workers, compensation in cases of accidents, place and iv) Respective District payments and contracts, and a grievance management functional Local Government mechanism; ii) Labour Force v) Ministry of Gender b) All workers to have contracts and identification tags; Management Labour and Social Plan. Development c) Persons seeking employment will have to be screened, including references from the local Council Chairpersons of iii) Workers code vi) PCU/MEMD their villages of origin before engagement. of conduct. 39 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency d) To mitigate negative impacts arising from recruitment of iv) Contracts for labour from distant places, the contractor should hire local workers in labour mainly. place. e) Both men and women will be given equal employment v) Register of opportunities and that there will be fair treatment and non- reported abuse discrimination among staff. cases against women and girls if any and actions taken vi) Reports of engagement meetings vii) Labor requirements awareness reports viii) Presence of workers register 14. Workers Employm Construction Entire a) A code of conduct to be developed and enforced by the Contractor i) Community Constructi i) REA Zero incidences related to No direct cost - ent and /operation route Contractor for employees, to address abuse of women and and worker on period workers behaviors behaviour – managem ii) Supervising affecting girls that may lead to broken marriages, early pregnancies, targeted with Consultant affecting women and girls ent of sexual exploitation prevention and monthly women, girls labour iii) NEMA b) The code of conduct to address inappropriate and risky response monitoring interventions iv) Respective District behavior Local Government c) Encourage women and other affected persons to report ii) Cases reported; v) Ministry of Gender cases of abuse iii) Cases Labour and Social concluded Development vi) PCU/MEMD 15. Accidents During Construction Entire a) Put in place temporary road signage Contractor i) Visible and Constructi i) REA Zero indices of accidents No direct costs - installatio route readable on period during n of poles b) Follow the recommended speed limits ii) Supervising construction signage with Consultant c) Workers given adequate and appropriate PPE ii) Tool box monthly d) Tool box meetings/awareness meetings iii) NEMA meeting monitoring e) Safety signage at risky places of work iv) Respective District reports Local Government iii) PPE issuance v) Ministry of Gender records Labour and Social Development vi) PCU/MEMD 16. Potential Interactio Construction Entire a) A key consideration for the proposed project is the ability to Contractor i) Report progress Constructi i) REA iii) All construction HIV/AIDS Awareness 12,000 ns with route effectively involve key stakeholders in a realistic and positive on on period personnel to /Management disruption of residents ii) Supervising roadside participatory process to combat gender violence and the implementation with Consultant complete HIV/AIDS Programme is allowed abuse and mishandling of women and children on such of HIV/AIDS monthly and Human Health for during the businesses iii) NEMA government infrastructure projects and the Contractor must Awareness and monitoring Awareness Training. construction period for present a plan to address such. Management . iv) Respective District all construction workers. Local Government iv) At least quarterly b) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan for the meetings with PAPs, 60 people x Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration construction i) Ministry of Gender local authorities and USD200/person of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring phase. Labour and Social institutions. and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs ii) Regular update Development and CBOs, as possible. reports on ii) PCU/MEMD c) Sensitisation of communities to be conducted and include sensitisation electromagnetic fields, accidental electrocution, exposure to programme hazardous waste materials like fuels, oils and timber offcuts with local with creosote and/or CCA, safe levels of exposure and authorities and related impacts, to avoid speculation. institutions. 17. Communicatio Road Construction Working a) The Contractor must announce their intended arrivals in Contractor i) Incidents of Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidents of Traffic control and - n and closure Area areas to local leadership and residents, prior to arriving to severely on period significant road signage is already ii) Supervising transportation work in new areas along the proposed route. detrimental with Consultant closure. covered under the b) Work is to be conducted to minimise road blockage and blockages of monthly iii) NEMA Works budget closure, using appropriate traffic guides and signs near work roads. monitoring . iv) Respective District areas, when roads are constricted or closed temporarily. Local Government c) The Contractor and the construction teams should deploy v) Ministry of Gender 40 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency traffic guides at strategic sections of the roads to control Labour and Social traffic flow and avoid potential accidents. Development d) The Contractor should also use appropriated signage at vi) PCU/MEMD specific locations to provide adequate warning to motorists and other road users of on-going construction work on the roads. 18. Local economy Power Operation Entire a) Service Provider regularly maintain the power line to keep Electricity i) Incidents of Annual i) ERA i) Zero incidents of Forms part of - interruptio route the power supply reliable. distributor power monitoring extended disruption responsibilities of & ii) REA n disruption. . due to faults on the electricity distributor. Basic services iii) PCU/MEMD distribution lines. Power Design Entire b) Consider the inclusion of further closely lying trading centres REA i) Number of Design and REA i) All social services Forms part of the works. - supply route and social services that can benefit from the further supply trading centres once within the project PCU/MEMD of electricity. and social during the areas services with final design access to national grid power. 19. Cultural Constructi Construction Entire a) Necessary social safeguards shall be put in place to Contractor ii) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidents of Costs for mainly 5000 heritage on crews route effectively managed, to avoid unnecessary and negative incidents on period highly significant reporting allowed, ii) Supervising social impacts resulting from the promise of this project, as resulting in with Consultant negative cultural otherwise this is part of identified during stakeholder consultation. negative monthly implications. the works iii) NEMA b) Contractors must ensure that their supervisors, employees cultural and monitoring social impacts . iv) Respective District and all sub-contractor personnel adhere to the strict social Local Government interaction guidelines, to avoid unnecessary harm on and details vulnerable groups, such as children and women. thereof. v) PCU/MEMD Construction teams are not to have direct contact with iii) Chance Finds women or children and such should be observed by all Procedure in stakeholders of the project. place c) Appropriate fines may be issued by REA, directed towards the Contractor, in cases of non-compliance towards the provisions of the ESMP. d) Chance Finds Procedure must be adhered to 20. Cultural objects All project Construction Entire a) If any religious institution along the site is going to be i) Incidents of Constructi i) REA i) Zero negative No cost allowance is - (PCRs) activities and route directly impacted upon by the proposed line, then specific impacts. on period impacts to PCRs and made, and the ii) Supervising operation discussions during final planning can be conducted. ii) Record of with Consultant other heritage probability is low. b) Implement the Chance Finds Procedure, if any physical chance finds. monthly resources. iii) NEMA heritage of importance is found during the implementation monitoring . iv) Respective District of the project. Local Government c) At the local level, additional consultations will be carried v) Department of out prior to commencement of works by the contractor, Museums and particularly on sites of cultural importance along the RoW; Monuments d) Where cultural resources are encountered, compensation vi) PCU/MEMD will be provided including support for relocation, such as graves, where applicable in a culturally acceptable manner; e) Excavation of sites of known archaeological importance should be avoided, and the routing of distribution lines should be designed to avoid graveyards or sites of historical or spiritual importance; f) Construction workers and managers should be trained in basic skills of how to identify and handle archaeological materials/artifacts before commencement of work. Such training should be administered in liason with DMM g) In the event of any chance finds of significance by the contractor, following the discovery of possible PCR, the Contractor will be required to follow a “chance finds procedure” in Appendix iv. h) The Contractor will be required to stop works and contact REA/MEMD to inform the Department of Museums and Monuments. The Contractor should have the artifacts secured or protected, and prevent any access. i) DMM will then undertake investigations, and works will only resume once authorization is provided. 21. Gender impacts All project Construction Entire a) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all Contractor, i) Coherent Constructi i) REA i) Implementation of Gender Awareness 10,000 activities and route levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on Electricity Gender on period Gender Awareness Monitoring Programme ii) Supervising 41 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency operation the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases distributor Awareness Plan with Consultant Plan. amongst site personnel of the project to address specific gender concerns. This to be monthly iii) NEMA ii) All personnel to and PAPs allowed should entail consultation with both women and men in the implemented. monitoring iv) Respective District attend all HIV/Aids Project Area and within the construction teams. ii) Monitor . Local Government Awareness Training. b) REA and the Contractor should ensure that: performance v) Ministry of Gender iii) Decrease in the  effective gender responsive and equality activities on the Labour and Social number of gender- under the proposed project are duly defined and HIV/AIDS based violence Development implemented through participatory engagement; campaign. incidents. vi) PCU/MEMD  the quantifiable and none quantifiable, gender and iii) Changes in the iv) At least monthly social mitigation measures related to direct and indirect reported local community impacts are achieved; and numbers of meetings held to gender-based communicate  a Social Impact Management specialist is deployed on violence project related the project to oversee among others, gender incidents. matters. mainstreaming in the project cycle, is implemented. iv) Number of  Gender Based violence is mitigated local c) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns must be regularly community conducted for workers and local communities, as well as level meetings activities promoting access to health services, treatment and held per counselling. month. d) The Social Risk Management established under ESDP (at MEMD) will be used to guide the management of GBV/VAC impacts e) 22. Vulnerable All project Construction Entire a) A Child Protection Plan will be developed and provided to Contractor, i) Issues recorded Constructi i) REA i) Project related Forms part of the role of - groups activities and route all the Contractors and school management to discourage Electricity at the regular on period environmental and the Stakeholder Liaison ii) Supervising operation the Contractors from using children as labourers. In distributor ES Committee with Consultant social issues tables at personnel from the addition, Contractors will be required to avoid employing Forum, which monthly each meeting for the Contractor, as well as iii) NEMA workers who are below eighteen years old. They will also can be monitoring duration of the part of the general be required to keep records that show the ages of their established and . iv) Respective construction phase. sensitisation programs as workers. formed from District Local costed Government ii) REA and Contractor b) Ensure that the community and local leadership have access local leaders in actively to and know of and report abuse using the national child the areas of the v) Ministry of Gender communicate with abuse hotline 116. The existence of the hotline can be project. Labour and Social the environmental displayed throughout near the construction site and in the ii) REA and the Development and social community at large. Contractor are vi) PCU/MEMD Management c) The Contractor should ensure that mechanisms for close to form active Committee. monitoring of worker’s behaviour/conduct are in place e.g. drivers of this iii) Reduction in the Contractor could discreetly engage the police to identify committee, so numbers of child anonymous informers from among the workers to monitor that especially abuse incidents. and report any negative behaviour by the workers including sensitive social child abuse related misconduct, display a call line or issues have a suggestion box where the community can provide feedback platform on on workers behaviour. which to be d) REA and the Contractor should ensure that all local leaders addressed. and women/child representatives are fully oriented to the iii) Changes in the labour force related risks for children engaging in number of construction related activities. reported e) Talks with the Contractor and his workforce by relevant incidents of officials (including the police) on child protection should be child abuse. encouraged and appropriately scheduled, including iv) Gender-based continuous popularisation of the child help line 116. issues, relevant Parents/guardians should be sensitised and held accountable here, are for children leaving and arriving home before dark. covered in f) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all specific section levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on above. the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns and especially as they relate to women. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams. g) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns for workers and local communities and activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling. h) REA and the Contractor should ensure strict compliance with the provision of relevant safeguard policies with 42 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency respect to persons with disabilities. REA and the Contractor should ensure that there are full and effective participation of persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups, like children and through representative organisations, in all phases of the project, including monitoring and evaluation. 23. Education All project Construction Schools a) All schools must be contacted during the final round of REA, Contractor i) Number and Constructi i) REA vii) One awareness Forms part of ESMP - activities and design, to check on access and availability of electricity. regular on period meeting and Awareness Training and ii) Supervising operation b) Schools should be sensitised on the need to keep off awareness talks with Consultant discussion at each the role of the construction sites and away from construction workers. held at schools monthly school located Safeguards Experts iii) NEMA c) Workers to be instructed to observe silence, while working per month. monitoring within walking . iv) Respective District proximity schools across sections of the routing near schools and not to ii) Number of Local Government interact with any school children. awareness and the Project Site. meetings held v) Ministry of viii) Four (4) monthly with Education and Sports awareness meetings construction vi) PCU/MEMD held with staff per construction month. personnel. 24. Human health All project Construction Entire a) Measures to prevent and control OHS issues during the Contractor, i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Zero tolerance for Health, safety and 6,000 and safety activities and route construction, maintenance and operation of the project Electricity awareness on period criminal records and human safety training ii) Supervising including operation should adhere to established national and international OHS distributor meetings/traini with Consultant activities. allowed for occupational guidelines that are specific for electricity distribution line ng held with monthly ii) Monthly safety 60 people x iii) PCU/MEMD health and projects. These measures should also have site-specific construction monitoring inspections and USD100/person safety targets and an appropriate timetable for achieving them, as staff. . iv) NEMA audits. related to: ii) Number of v) Respective District iii) 100% staff trained The PPEs are costed  The Contractor should have on site an Occupational safety audits vi) Local Government in OHS procedures under works and Safety and Health Policy and Action Plan addressing performed. Ministry of Education and and practices. therefore not allowed workers and PAPs on occupational safety and health iii) Percentage Sports iv) Zero human safety for here issues, workplace conditions, welfare, accidental workers or incident rating to electrocution, hazardous materials and waste trained in OHS be upheld as management, general safety requirements, fire procedures and primary target. preparedness, machinery, plant and equipment, etc. in practices. line with the Occupational Safety and Health Act, iv) Number of 2006; PAPs and/or representatives  The Contractor should conduct HSE sensitization with attending PAPs directly affected by the project; meetings.  The Contractor should have HSE induction for all v) Incident workers, and undertake daily tool box meetings prior reports to works; and vi) PPE issuance b) Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and records emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment. c) The Contractor should involve local leaders in labour recruitment to ensure that people hired have no criminal record. d) The local content provision should be emphasised to minimise labour requirements needed from outside the community. e) The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers, and undertake daily tool box meetings prior to works, including work at heights; f) Ensure adequate provision of PPEs (gloves, safety shoes, safety belts, overalls and goggles), as well as continuous awareness on the need for use of PPEs and enforcement of usage; g) Ensure that live-wire work is conducted by trained workers with strict adherence to specific safety and insulation standards. Qualified or trained employees working on transmission systems should be able to achieve the following: h) Distinguish live parts from other parts of the electrical system i) Determine the voltage of live parts j) Understand the minimum approach distances outlined for 43 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency specific live line voltages k) Ensure proper use of special safety equipment and procedures when working near or on exposed energized parts of an electrical system; l) During maintenance, switch off and fully deactivate the main power; m) All workers on sites should be well trained on the risks and their tasks including safety measures of working at heights; n) In regard to working at heights, the following additional measures shall be taken: - Ensure that proper safety ware (Climbing shoes, Safety belt and a helmet) must be used. - Testing structures for integrity prior to undertaking work; - Implementation of a fall protection program that includes training in climbing techniques and use of fall protection measures; inspection, maintenance, and replacement of fall protection equipment; and rescue of fall-arrested workers, among others; - Safety belts should be of not less than 16 millimeters (mm) (5/8 inch) two-in-one nylon or material of equivalent strength. Rope safety belts should be replaced before signs of aging or fraying of fibers become evident; - When operating power tools at height, workers should use a second (backup) safety strap; - Signs and other obstructions should be removed from poles or structures prior to undertaking work; - The contractor should assess whether the climbers are under the influence of alcohol before issuing assignments. o) The Contractor to use poles that have been well seasoned and dried and not having dripping creosote; p) The poles should not be placed in water-logged areas and neither should they come in contact with public drinking water sources; q) Disposal of off-cuts of poles should not be by burning but be collected and handed to a licensed hazardous waste management agent; r) Wash work clothes stained with creosote separately from other household clothing; s) Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment; t) First aid facilities should be provided on site and accessible to all personnel. It should among others contain rubber gloves, bandages, pain killers and cotton wool to cater for minor accident victim; u) Fence off equipment storage areas and camp sites to discourage idlers to the sites; v) Keep all equipment and machinery in good working order to limit excessive fumes and noise; w) The contractor to have in place a traffic management plan, and guidelines for drivers to avoid accidents; x) Provide adequate sanitary facilities for workers at the construction camps/staging areas and work sites y) Incident/accident reporting through z) keeping log of incidents/accidents a remedial action (in the event of an accident) aa) Have in place an Emergency contingency plan 44 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency 25. Risk of spread a) Sensitize communities on their sexual rights Contractor i) Presence of Constructi i) REA Zero cases of HIV HIV 20,000 of HIV/AIDS b) Put in place an HIV prevention plan and implement it HIV/AIDS and on period ii) Supervising brought about by the management/awareness and other c) Report perpetrators of violence against women and children other with Consultant project allowed for communicable communicable monthly to the police iii) NEMA diseases by diseases monitoring workers of the d) Distribute condoms freely to both the project employees prevention and . iv) PCU/MEMD project affected and the general community in the project area management v) Respective District communities e) Contractor to liaise with District authorities for related plan Local Government services ii) HIV/AIDS vi) Ministry of Gender f) Encourage communities to report cases of illicit sexual Management/p Labour and Social behavior by contractor workers revention Development g) All workers must have access to medical care Reports vii) PCU/MEMD h) Contractor to liaise with District authorities for related iii) Frequency of services sensitization i) Encourage communities to report cases of illicit sexual meetings for behavior by contractor workers both workers and j) All workers must have access to medical care community members in the project area iv) Evidence of collaboration with existing service providers v) Community outreach reports 26. Electromagn Power Operation a) The minimum clearance distances of the i) Service i) Awareness Continuou i) Ministry of Gender Zero case of EMF The mitigation measures - Territory raising on EMF s during Labour and Social impacts incidences here are costed under etic fields4 transmi distribution lines and conductors specified in the Operator ii) The minimum operation Development works and therefore not and ssion technical designs shall strictly be maintained. ii) REA clearance stage ii) Service Territory allowed for here Community The voltage levels of the lines are 33 kilo Volts distance as Operator Health and and 400 Volts which typically do not emit spelt out in the Safety extremely high EMF. WB EHS guidelines for iii) ERA b) For the Low Voltage networks which generally power are close to buildings and houses, the Aerial transmission bundled Conductors (ABC) shall be used. This adhered to type of conductor is shielded or insulated to iii) All transformers minimize the risk of electrocutions and reduce pole mounted the strength of EMF c) The trees that do not interfere with the line vi) No trees in routes shall not be cut down and no building front of the structures shall be demolished. These shall assist houses shall be cut in shielding the Electric fields as well. d) The specified pole lengths and pole pits in the technical designs shall be observed and maintained in order to have acceptable minimum clearance distances e) Most transformer structures shall be pole 4 Electric and Magnetic fields (EMF) are invisible lines of force emitted by and surrounding any electrical device, for instance power lines and electrical equipment. Electric fields are produced by voltage and the fields increase in strength as the voltage increases. Magnetic fields result from the flow of electric current and the fields increase in strength as the current increases. Electric fields are shielded by materials that conduct electricity, and other materials, such as trees and building materials while Magnetic fields pass through most materials and are difficult to shield. However, both electric and magnetic fields decrease rapidly with distance. The power frequency EMF typically has a frequency in the range of 50 – 60 Hertz which is considered to be extremely low frequency, by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (2002), to cause any serious health risks. Though scientists and the general public have raised concerns over potential health effects associated with exposure to EMF there is no empirical data that shows adverse health effects from exposure to typical EMF levels from power distribution lines and equipment according to the ICNIRP. Some health concerns such as frequent exposure of people to high EMF could lead to cancer have been raised. 45 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency mounted (PMTs). Where some transformers shall be ground mounted (GMTs), metallic shielding or fencing shall be employed where necessary. f) Evaluating potential exposure of EMF to the public against the reference levels developed by the ICNIRP by measuring the EMF levels in the project post-implementation phase shall be done and remedial measures shall be taken if necessary. Landscape Considerations 27. Visual impacts Route Design Entire a) Due consideration must be taken during the final design REA, i) Reduction in Once-off i) REA i) Onsite placement of No direct cost. - planning route stage, to plan and place the final route alignment and pole Contractor vegetation during route and poles & ii) Supervising position, with due consideration and resulting in minimal clearing to final Consultant that minimises the Surrounding disturbance to the sensitive rural landscape and setting. reduce visual design and removal of natural area iii) PCU/MEMD change in the ground- vegetation. landscape. truthing. Land Use Considerations 28. Current land All All phases Entire a) Comprehensive and continuous sensitisation of PAPs, should REA, i) Area of Constructi i) REA i) Under 10,000m2 of This cost covered under - use and activities route be conducted throughout the project cycle. Contractor cropland on period cropland affected RAP scope of work. ii) Supervising potential b) Where private land is used REA should engage property affected by the with Consultant by the project. & owners and settle any compensation obligation before project. monthly iii) Ministry of Lands ii) Implementation of Surrounding construction starts. ii) Implementatio monitorin and Urban RAP. land use and c) Communicating to the PAPs early enough on the schedules n of a g. Development potential of the project so that, they can make appropriate Resettlement iv) PCU/MEMD adjustments in scheduling removal of crops and other Action Plan structure from the way leave or RoW. (RAP) to deal with issues of compensation and loss of land and/or income. 29. Possibility of All All phases Entire a) Existing low-level crops be disturbed as little as possible, and REA, Electricity i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Reduce the clearing Compensation for loss of - multiple land activities route where such is unavoidable, fair compensation be addressed distributor incidents on period of crops to an woodlots and crops will ii) Supervising use within a RAP study for the project. regarding with Consultant absolute minimum. be calculated in the RAP. b) The relevant authorities provide the necessary approvals for maintenance monthly Restoration costs have clearing of monitorin iii) Ministry of Lands already been estimated the re-establishment of low level crops, within the RoW, crops on the g. and Urban and included. where such may be disturbed during the construction RoW. Development period. iv) PCU/MEMD c) Where the clearing of native vegetation and especially riparian and wetland vegetation, is required, it should be avoided at all cost, unless the situation is unavoidable. 30. Construction Constructi Construction Entire a) The Contractors must have on-site waste storage facilities REA, Contractor i) Waste Constructi i) REA i) Zero pollution Waste management 10,000 waste on route within their construction facilities, including provision to generated and on period resulting from awareness training, ii) Supervising activities contain and temporarily store hazardous waste. record of with construction waste. included in ESMP Consultant b) The Contractor must ensure that a NEMA licensed recycling, reuse monthly ii) Zero % loss of Awareness Training, as iii) NEMA hazardous waste handler collects and disposes of hazardous and disposal of monitoring hazardous substances well as waste construction . iv) Respective District management (including waste appropriately and to the satisfaction of the local Local Government on the site. government authorities. waste. iii) 100% coverage of hazardous waste) ii) Hazardous v) PCU/MEMD collection, storage and c) REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean waste record, from up the Project Site and remove all debris left over from their substance entering the Project disposal costs work. register and Site to waste log, to track disposal site. d) REA Contractors need to put in place waste disposal volume and arrangements with the relevant authorities, including District Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding quantity waste management and waste disposal, especially in the receipt, usage case of hazardous waste. and safe disposal by a e) Contractors must not construct storage facilities and NEMA licensed maintenance yards in the vicinity of sensitive environments, hazardous such as wetlands, to prevent run-off and pollution of these waste handler. environments. 46 No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost3 . Indicator g Period & monitoring Social Impact Location Party (USD) Frequency f) REA should ensure that the source material and backfill from external environments are, at a minimum, 100% free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of ecosystems beyond the immediate Project Site. 31. Emissions Constructi Construction Entire a) Any equipment containing SF6 (green-house gas) should be Contractor i) Materials list Constructi i) REA i) Disposal of all No additional cost - on route installed and monitored, with due consideration given to and handling on period equipment to allowances. ii) Supervising activities disposal of such waste. procedures for with proper hazardous Consultant equipment monthly waste facilities. ii) NEMA containing SF6 monitoring or similar . iii) PCU/MEMD green-house gas. 32. Alien Invasive Constructi Construction Entire a) REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration REA i) Coherent Alien Constructi (i) REA i) Effective eradication The eradication of exotic 10,000 Species on and route of the disturbed areas using only native plant species is Invasive on period of Alien Invasive weed species can be (ii) Supervising activities operation carried out. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages Eradication with Species in the Project costly and is directly Consultant the services of relevant experts with knowledge and Plan, with monthly (iii) NEMA Site. affected by various experience in species identification and the eradication of adequate monitoring ii) Collaboration with factors, including species exotic species. budget to . (iv) PCU/MEMD and threat status, other stakeholders b) Further, there should be regular and proper maintenance of implement it to address the location, scale of road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of for the project eradication of high invasion and the method invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as duration. risk exotic weeds. of eradication. A lump Lantana camara, already evident on the site. ii) Collaboration sum allowance is made with NARO to deal with eradication c) REA should consider how best to put in place an effective 5- and other at pole positions. year Alien Vegetation Eradication Plan, to best manage the further spread of exotic species in the wayleave or RoW, stakeholders in extending into these rural agro-ecosystems. addressing AIS impacts and eradication. 33. Impacts due Storage Construction Entire a) The workers camp will not be constructed Contractor i) Presence of Constructi (i) REA Zero incidences related to No direct costs - and line separate on period equipment to accommo b) Equipment storage areas raised and with absorbents for (ii) Supervising Equipment route materials that may lead to chemical leakages e.g. poles sanitation with Consultant storage/workers camps dation facilities for monthly storage c) Provide adequate Proper sanitation facilities (iii) NEMA both men and monitoring areas/worker d) Segregate waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable and women (iv) Respective s camps hazardous and dispose appropriately; District Local ii) Number of bins e) Ensure regular maintenance of site equipment Government at site clearly - Safety procedures for fuel storage and refuelling marked (v) Ministry of - Dispose of oil residues carefully Gender Labour iii) Equipment and Social f) Upon completion of the contract, all elements of the maintenance Development equipment storage areas shall be removed and respective records in place sites, as far as possible, to its original condition (vi) PCU/MEMD iv) Presence of safety procedures for fuel storage and dispensing in place 47 7 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN AND GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT 7.1 Emergency Response An emergency is any unplanned occurrence caused by either natural or manmade events which can lead to deaths, significant injuries, cessation of operations, physical and environmental damage and economic losses. Emergency management is therefore critical when planning, mitigating, responding and recovering from the potential impacts of these events. The emergency management process is site specific and varies according to the type of operations, geographic location, proximity to the neighbouring communities and the history of such occurrences. Therefore, one of the first stages in developing an emergency response plan is the identification of the potential hazards and threats of the lines. An emergency response plan shall be documented and cover the areas mentioned below. 1. Identification of the persons responsible for the emergencies and safety. This person will keep the plan up dated (at least annually) and ensure that it is disseminated to all the relevant stakeholders. 2. Preparatory actions which must be taken in case of emergencies with forewarning and state the persons assigned with various responsibilities. 3. Response actions to be taken in case of an emergency. 4. Cleanup measures after the emergency 5. Provision of fire-fighting equipment which must be serviced by a reputable and registered firefighting equipment company. 7.2 Grievance Management Mechanisms A grievance management mechanism is proposed to be established to receive and facilitate grievance resolution of the affected persons. Liaison with area leaders and community groups significantly reduces the aggravation and hostility of locals. Consultations with the area leaders indicated that the local population will work well with local leaders. It is recommended that this trend of cooperation continues throughout the life of the project to promote social integration and the development of mutually satisfactory solutions to project related problems affecting the local community. 48 Any complaints shall be resolved through negotiations with the affected party with the involvement of area leaders. Regular interaction with the affected persons will ensure that any problems encountered are dealt with at an early stage. Grievance/Complaints Register shall be kept on site for any reference to ensure provision of appropriate response mechanism. When any grievance is received, the mechanism for dealing with it shall be as follows: 1. Grievance received; 2. Grievance recorded in the Grievance/ complaints Register; 3. For an immediate action to satisfy the complaint, the complainant will be informed of corrective action; 4. Implement corrective action, record the date and close case; 5. For a long corrective action, the complainant will be informed of proposed action; and 6. Implement corrective action, record the date and close case. 7. Appeal to Court - The Ugandan laws allow any aggrieved person the right to access to Courts of law. If the complainant still remains dissatisfied with the District Land Tribunal for complaints related to land, the complainant has the option to pursue appropriate recourse via judicial process in Uganda. Courts of law should be a “last resort” option, in view of the above mechanism however PAPs are free to seek redress with the courts of law after exhausting all the GRM levels. Membership of the GRCs will be voluntary and it will be functional throughout the project life. The size of the GRC will depend on the number of villages within the cluster. It will comprise: 1. The GRC Chairperson, who will be a trusted village elder, (for example a religious representative) and not any of the LC chairpersons. This is to avoid conflicts about jurisdiction, political inclination and also to ensure public trust of the committee in case some community members do not trust their chairpersons; 2. Vice Chairperson who may be an opinion leader or a respected member of the community; 3. Secretary (responsible for recording grievances in the log book and taking minutes during GRC sittings); 4. The LC3 chairperson for the sub county with jurisdiction over the villages in the cluster; 5. The LC I chairpersons of each of the affected villages in the cluster or their representatives will be ordinary members. 49 8 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE ESMP This section sets out the roles and responsibilities for the management of the project’s safeguards aspects. MEMD (PCU) The PCU shall be responsible for oversight role of coordination of the project including monitoring and reporting of implementation of mitigation measures in this ESMP and general compliance of the project with environmental and social safeguard requirements. The Unit shall also provide support for social due diligence including support for prevention and response to GBV/VAC directly or through the service providers for Social Risk Management. REA REA will assume overall responsibility for implementing this ESMP. During construction, the Contractor will be employed as such; REA will assume overall responsibility over the Contractor’s compliance standards and obligations in the implementation of the ESMP (as well as wider contractual obligations). REA shall also monitor the activities of the Supervising Consultant and shall also take the overall responsibility of reporting. REA will implement the social Risk management developed under ESDP/MEMD for managing risks of GBV/VAC. These will include; Worker sensitization on GBV/VAC, provision of feedback to communities, implementation of codes of conduct for workers, strengthening of case identification, referral pathway and follow-up mechanism and procedures for case of GBV, Grievance Redress Mechanism at project level, strengthening survivor centered approaches during service provision, Coordination with stakeholders at community level, coordination with stakeholders at national level, Monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) Service providers In the project design, the REA Engineers together with the service providers of the respective territories shall supervise the works. Therefore they shall monitor and give advice to ensure that the contractor implements the mitigation measures as detailed out in this ESMP. They shall also be responsible for reporting on the progress of ESMP implementation process. Contractor During the construction phase, REA will engage a Contractor to undertake the construction of the project in line with the approved designs. The Contractor will be responsible for complying with all relevant legislation and adhere to all mitigation 50 measures specified in the ESMP. The Contractor must have sufficient, adequate and competently resourced to fulfill the environmental and social requirements established in this ESMP and supporting documentation. The Contractor’s Safeguard’s personnel will take responsibility for mitigation and management of potential environmental and social issues during project implementation. Specific Safeguard’s personnel responsibilities include the following: (i) Take responsibility for mitigation and management of potential environmental and social issues on site; (ii) Liaise with the Employer Safeguard’s Team regarding site visits and briefing sessions; (iii) Liaise with service providers regarding the ESMP requirements; (iv)Organize and maintain briefing session records and mitigation and monitoring documentation on all matters of HSE; (v) Respond to site inspection findings; and (vi)Receive and respond to any complaints from external parties on project issues on HSE. The contractor is required to strictly adhere to this ESMP. Should the contractor register systematic non-compliance with the ESMP, the following remedies shall be applied by REA on the Contractor. (i) The Contractor shall be legally and contractually held liable and shall be required to remedy any non-compliance at his/her own cost. For example, in case of clearing trees that are outside the corridor, the Contractor shall be required to compensate the owners or offset the non – compliances individually (ii) REA shall invoke clauses within the Contract which stipulates that in case of non- compliance, the REA shall withhold a certain percentage of the contract price. (iii) The Contractor shall also be referred to the Environmental Police for prosecution, should it be required. (iv) The works may also be halted at the contractor’s cost until the non-compliances have been addressed. 51 The National Environment Management Authority NEMA is specifically mandated by the National Environment Act (NEA) Cap. 153 as the principal agency in Uganda charged with the responsibility of coordinating, monitoring, supervising, and regulating all environmental management matters in the country. One of the key institutional mandates of NEMA include among others ensuring the observance of proper safeguards in the planning and execution of all development projects including those already in existence that have or are likely to have significant impact on the environment. The role of NEMA is monitoring the project implementation in accordance with the National Environment Act and the respective regulations. Local Government Administration Structures District and Local Council Administration in the project districts will be vital in implementation of the project by mobilizing political goodwill and sensitizing communities on the project as well as their District Environment and Community Development Officers taking care of environmental and social aspects of the project at their levels. The DEOs and CDOs in the respective areas of project implementation will have to monitor the projects to ensure that mitigation measures are adequate and are well integrated in the subproject proposals. The Role of the DEOs and CDOs will also be to ensure that the projects are implemented in accordance with national laws and regulations. They will also attend the monthly site inspection meetings for the project and be able to point out issues of concerns. Specifically the CDOs will oversee implementation of compensation aspects and other social issues such as complaints. 52 REFERENCES ESMF for ERT-III (2014) Environmental, health, and safety guidelines for electric power transmission and distribution. International Finance Corporation of the World Bank Group The National Environment Management Policy 1994, Ministry of Natural Resources- Kampala. National Policy for Older and People, 2009- Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development-Kampala. The National Cultural Policy, 2006-Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife The National Water Policy, 1999, Ministry of Water and Environment-Kampala The National Land Use Policy, 2011; Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development. The National Gender Policy, 1997, Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, Kampala-Uganda The National HIV/AIDS Policy, 2004; The National Policy for the Conservation and Management of Wetland Resources, 1995; The National Forestry Policy, 2001 The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995; The National Environment Act, Cap 153; The Public Health Act, 1964 The Land Act, Cap 227; The Water Act, Cap 152; The Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap 200; The Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006; Historical Monument Act, 1967; The Electricity Act, 1999 The Wild Act, 1996 The National Forestry and Tree Planting Act, 2003; The National Environment (Environment Impact Assessment) Regulations; The National Environment (Audit) Regulations, 2006 (12/2006);and The National Environment (Wetlands, Riverbanks and Lakeshores Management) Regulations (SI 153-5). The Uganda HIV/AIDS Country Progress Report July 2015-June 2016 Uganda Bureau of statistics, revised edition November 2014, National Population and Housing Census 2014 Uganda Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment (UPHIA), 2017 WB Physical Cultural Resource Safeguard Policy Guidebook, 1st edition March 2009. World Bank EA guidelines 1993-4 Environmental Assessment Source Book World Bank Safeguard Policy Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP) 4.12. 53 ANNEX I: SCOPE OF THE PROJECTS Item Description District Voltage MV 3- 1- Distribution Proposed Connections , R/L, phase phase Transformers, kVA kV km LV LV 50 100 200 3- 1-phase Ready R/L, R/L, phas Boards km km e EASTERN ST 1 Buchirayi Busia 33 1 45 0.80 0.37 1.94 - - 2 Buhoya Busia 33 2 71 2.10 0.27 2.80 - - 3 Bukade Busia 33 1 46 2.30 - 0.87 - - 4 Bulwanyi Busia 33 2 53 0.80 0.45 2.00 - - 5 Butote Busia 33 1 59 1.70 0.80 1.55 - - 54 6 Lando Busia 33 2 70 1.50 0.73 2.46 - - 7 Lunyo SS - PS - Busia 33 3 110 Mukorobi TC 2.67 0.70 4.71 - - 8 Munongo Busia 33 2 67 0.90 0.70 2.70 - - 9 Syamarede Busia 33 2 65 1.14 0.72 2.40 - - 10 Banda SSS Namayingo 33 1 23 0.10 0.20 0.90 - - 11 Bulamba Namayingo 33 2 2 72 0.20 0.90 2.90 - - 12 Rwagonso - Namayingo 33 2 88 Namutaba 3.20 0.60 3.00 - - 13 Bukunja 'B' Mayuge 33 1 46 1.51 0.30 1.34 - - 14 Busakira Mayuge 33 1 57 0.10 0.73 1.55 - - 55 15 Buvuna Mayuge 33 230 2.70 2.00 10.00 6 - - 16 Buyugu Mayuge 33 55 0.10 0.30 1.73 1 - - 17 Namusenwa TC Mayuge 33 57 0.20 0.20 2.80 2 - - 18 Wagona Village Mayuge 33 38 0.10 0.20 2.20 1 - - 19 Bubwe Mayuge 33 30 0.10 0.40 0.93 1 - - 20 Nalwesambula Mayuge 33 67 0.10 0.20 1.30 1 - - 21 Matuba Mayuge 33 72 0.20 0.50 3.50 2 - - 22 Matove - Kalagala Mayuge 33 150 1.24 0.50 8.40 4 - - 23 City Square TC - Kamuli 33 2 122 Bulogo TC 1.10 0.90 4.00 - - 56 24 Kayanga Kamuli 33 1 35 0.10 0.20 1.30 - - 25 Kidiki Kamuli 33 1 36 0.10 0.17 1.33 - - 26 Kidiki - Mutukula Kamuli 33 2 63 Village 0.10 0.51 2.61 - - 27 Iwawu Village Iganga 33 1 63 0.40 0.50 2.94 - - 28 Busesa Village and Iganga 33 35 Technical Institute 1.02 0.82 0.46 - 1.00 - 29 Kawungela Village Iganga 33 29 0.55 0.20 1.00 1.00 - - 30 Igulamubili Village Iganga 33 35 0.10 0.30 2.00 1.00 - - 31 Kagera Jinja 33 67 1.80 0.50 2.00 1.00 - - 32 Manyenya Mbale 33 1 38 0.50 0.70 1.00 - - 57 33 Bunamwanyi Mbale 33 1 35 0.60 0.50 1.00 - - 34 Bulujere Mbale 33 2 63 1.50 1.00 2.00 - - Sub Total 1 31.63 18.07 83.62 55.0 1.00 - 2.00 2,192.0 - 0 0 NORTH EASTERN ST 1 Abelasasi Katakwi 33 1 22 0.20 0.15 0.75 - 2 Muronora Katakwi 33 1 28 0.30 0.20 1.50 - 3 Samaria Voc. Sch Katakwi 33 1 25 0.20 0.35 1.25 - 4 Amucu HC III Katakwi 33 1 194 58 4.10 0.20 0.80 - Sub Total 2 4.80 0.90 4.30 4 - - 269.00 CENTRAL NORTH ST 1 Pakegido HC III 33 1 16 Kaberamaid 0.10 0.05 0.55 - - o 2 Nakasero 33 1 20 Kaberamaid 0.10 0.32 0.73 - - o 3 Omarai 33 1 37 Kaberamaid 0.10 0.20 0.80 - - o 4 Kakure 33 1 23 Kaberamaid 0.10 0.60 1.10 - - 59 o 5 Anyara Fish 33 1 23 Hatchery Kaberamaid 0.80 0.10 0.60 - - o 6 Adagani Amolatar 33 1 37 0.10 0.23 0.52 - - 7 Abako Atiri Amolatar 33 1 37 0.10 0.33 0.77 - - 8 Agwingiri Amolatar 33 1 38 0.10 0.45 1.05 - - 9 Amolatar Town Amolatar 33 6 135 (Apalepe, Abako 0.60 2.95 6.21 - - Adwom, Anom & Ading) 10 Abarler Amolatar 33 1 25 0.10 0.41 0.95 - - 11 Dokolo TC III Dokolo 33 1 87 0.10 0.95 1.05 - - 60 12 Korto TC Dokolo 33 1 66 0.10 0.68 1.58 - - 13 Corner Ngweni TC Dokolo 33 1 38 (Malangweni) 0.10 0.95 2.20 - - 14 Dokolo Tech. Sch. Dokolo 33 1 40 & Environs 0.10 0.30 1.00 - - 15 Dokolo TC I Dokolo 33 1 62 0.70 0.92 2.14 - - 16 Dokolo TC II and Dokolo 33 2 146 Dokolo Progressive 1.00 0.99 2.96 - - Sch. 17 Dokolo Hotel and Dokolo 33 1 52 Environs 0.80 0.39 0.91 - - 18 Olili TC Apac 33 1 36 0.10 0.70 1.60 - - 19 Apac Town Apac 33 1 37 College at Akar 0.10 0.20 0.90 - - 20 Atik TC Apac 33 1 38 61 0.10 0.80 1.90 - - 21 Atop 'A', 'B' TCs Apac 33 3 87 and PS 0.30 2.50 4.05 - - 22 Corner Aboke Kole 33 1 68 0.10 0.20 0.70 - - Sub total 3 5.80 15.22 34.27 30.0 - - - 1,148.00 - 0 Total MV, TX & LV Coverage 42.23 34.19 122.19 89.0 1.00 - 2.00 3,609.0 - 0 0 62 ANNEX II: CHANCE FINDS PROCEDURES Chance find procedures will be used as follows:  Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find;  Delineate the discovered site or area;  Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments take over;  Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments under the Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities (within 24 hours or less);  The Directorate of Museums and Monuments would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of the Directorate of Museums and Monuments (within 24 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;  Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the Directorate of Museums and Monuments. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage;  Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the Directorate of Museums and Monuments; and  Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments concerning safeguard of the heritage;  These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts, when applicable. During project supervision, the Site Engineer shall monitor the above regulations relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered are observed;  Construction work will resume only after authorization is given by the responsible local authorities and the National Museum concerning the safeguard of the heritage; and 63  Relevant findings will be recorded in World Bank Implementation Supervision Reports (ISRs), and Implementation Completion Reports (ICRs) will assess the overall effectiveness of the project’s cultural property mitigation, management, and activities, as appropriate. 64 ANNEX III: CODE OF CONDUCT In order to minimize impacts due to workers’ behavior, the Contractor shall prepare and submit a code of conduct to REA. The code of conduct shall contain obligations on all project staff (including sub-contractors and day workers) that are suitable to address the following issues, as a minimum. 1. Compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. 2. Compliance with applicable health and safety requirements (including wearing prescribed personal protective equipment , preventing avoidable accidents and a duty to report conditions or practices that pose a safety hazard or threaten the environment) 3. The use of illegal substances (like drugs, taking alcohol while at work, smoking in public 4. Non-discrimination (on the basis of family status, ethnicity, race, gender, religion, language, marital status, birth, age, disability, or political conviction) 5. Interactions with community members (to convey an attitude of respect and non- discrimination) 6. Sexual harassment (to prohibit use of language or behavior, in particular towards women or children, that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate) 7. Prevention of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmittable diseases, 8. Violence or exploitation (for example the prohibition of the exchange of money, employment, goods, or services for sex, including sexual favors or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior. 9. Protection of children (including prohibitions against abuse, defilement, or otherwise unacceptable behavior with children, limiting interactions with children, and ensuring their safety in project areas. 10. Sanitation requirements (to ensure workers use specified sanitary facilities provided by their employer and not open areas). 11. Avoidance of conflicts of interest (such that benefits, contracts, or employment, or any sort of preferential treatment or favors, are not provided to any person with whom there is a financial, family or personal connection 12. Respecting reasonable work instructions (including regarding environmental social norms) 13. Protection and proper use of property (to prohibit theft, carelessness or waste) 14. Duty to report violations of this code 15. Non retaliation against workers who report violations of the code, if that report is made in good faith. 65 The code of conduct shall be written in plain language and signed by each worker to indicate that they have: 1. Received a copy of the code; 2. Had the code explained to them; 3. Acknowledged that adherence to this code of conduct is a condition of employment; and 4. Understood that violations of the code can result in serious consequences, up to and including dismissal or referral to legal authorities depending on the type of offense. 66 ANNEX VI: PROOF OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION 67 68 69