E-202 VOL.21 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT VOLUME 3 Compensation & Resettlement Plan ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND UPDATE Envirornmental Suprtn Environmental Management Plan - Documents Management Plan - Chad Portion Cameroon Portion VOLUME I VOLUME 1 VOLUME 1 * Base Document * Project Description * Base Document * Management Plan for Cultural Properties * Decommissioning * Induced Access Management Plan * Handbook for Site-Specific * List of StudieslReports * Management Plan for Cultural Properties Environmental Mitigation Actions - List of Consultants/Experts * Handbook for Site-Specific Environmental * Environmental Monitoring Plan VOLUME 2 Mitigation Actions VOLUME 2 - Alternatives Analysis * Environmental Monitoring Plan * Biophysical/SocioeconomictHealth VOLUME 3 VOLUME 2 Technical Requirements and * Consultation and Public Review Program * Biophysical/Socioeconomic/Health Specifications Technical Requirements and Specifications VOLUME 4 VOLUME 3 * Oil Spill Response: Preliminary VOLUME 3 Compensation & Resettlement Plan Approach * Compensation Plan VOLUME 4 VOLUME 5 VOLUME 4 * Regional Development Plan: * Chad Biological Studies * Environmental Foundation Plan Near Term Measures * Cameroon Biological Studies * Offsite Environmental Enhancement Program * Revenue Management Plan * Indigenous Peoples Plan * Institutional Capacity Building VOLUME 6 *Chad Public Health VOLUME 5 VOLUME 5 * Cameroon Public Health * Waste Management Plan * Waste Management Plan VOLUME 6 VOLUME 6 * Environmental Line List * Environmental Line List * Environmental Alignment Sheets * Environmental Alignment Sheets REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 4/29/99 The following document is available in both English and French. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION VOLUME 3 CHAD COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT PLAN May 1999 06-99 CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENWRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS EEPCI and TOTCO would like to extend their appreciation to the following individuals and organizations for their contributions, reviews, and comments on the Chad Compensation and Resettlement Plan. * Government of Chad: - National Committee for Technical Monitoring and Supervision (CTNSC) - Ministry of Mines and Petroleum - Ministry of Environment and Tourism - Ministry of Agriculture and ONDR - Members of COLONG * Members of CILONG * CEFOD * CIRAD-CA, Bebedjia * Other Local and International NGOs * Local populations of villages and cantons who contributed ideas, energy, and comments * Assistants to the senior consultant: Gos Ngoniri Mbayro and Belyo Jean-Pierre, and driver Daniel * Staff at the Kome Base Camp In late January and early February of 1998, a brief study was conducted by a joint group of EEPCI and/or TOTCO representatives, Govemment of Chad (CTNSC), NGO representatives through COLONG/Cilong, a representative of CIRAD, and representatives of EEPCI and/or TOTCO. While all members of this group contributed to the data collection and ideas for compensation, EEPCI and/or TOTCO assumes responsibility for the content. EEPCI and TOTCO express its appreciation to members of the joint study for their contributions. * Govemment of Chad (CTNSC) - Mr. Gag Bagdra, Adjunct Director for Water Resources and Meteorology - Mr. Paul Francis Ngaradoumri, CTNSC and Ministry of Agriculture * NGOs Proposed by COLONG - Mr. Miankeol Djeralar, ASSAILD Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc i May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT - Mr. Pascal Service, BELACD-Moundou * CIRAD - Mr. Jean Ngamine, Project Head, Land Management Project LIST OF EEPCI and/or TOTCO CONTRIBUTORS * Senior Consultant and Advisor: Dr. Ellen Patterson Brown, Independent Socioeconomic Consultant, Chevy Chase, MD * Chad Compensation and Resefflement Plan Editor: Dr. Pandora E. Snethkamp, Independent Socioeconomic Consultant, Houston, TX * On behalf of EEPCI and/or TOTCO: Mr. Ulrich Sellier, Mr. Clayton Kaul, Ms. Patricia Cabada, and Etienne Alingue * Overall Chad Compensation and Resefflement Plan Manager on behalf of EEPCI and/or TOTCO: Mr. Mel Benson Others: Mr. Alan Khatib, Ms. Claire Preece, Mr. Valentin Koibe (Translator) May 1999 ii Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........... 1-1 1.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 1-1 1.2 ELEMENTS OF THE PLAN .................................................. 1-2 1.3 PROPOSED PROJECT .................................................. 1-3 1.4 SUPPORTING STUDIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS .................. 1-3 1.5 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT .................................................. 1-4 1.6 COMPENSATION FOR CUSTOMARY RIGHTS .............................................. 1-5 1.7 RESETTLEMENT, RESETTLEMENT ALTERNATIVES AND RELOCATION .. .1-6 1.7.1 Early Project Planning for Resettlement and Resettlement Alternatives ............................................ 1-6 1.7.2 Early Project Planning for Relocation ............................................ 1-7 1.7.3 Status of Resettlement and Relocation Cases (15 September 1998 - 20 March 1999) ............................................ 1-8 2.0 DATA COLLECTION AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION . . .................................... 2-1 2.1 INTRODUCTION .................................. . 2-1 2.1.1 Resettlement .................................. 2-1 2.1.2 Compensation for Assets .................................. 2-1 2.1.3 Valuation of Assets .................................. 2-1 2.2 BASELINE DATA COLLECTION (1995-1996) ................................ 2-2 2.2.1 Introduction .................................. 2-2 2.2.2 Review of Public Records .................................. 2-2 2.2.3 NGO Consultation .................................. 2-2 2.2.4 Urban Focus Groups .................................. 2-2 2.2.5 Local Authorities Consultation .................................. 2-3 2.2.6 Consultation on Pastoralist Issues .................................. 2-3 2.2.7 Community Consultation ................................... 2-3 2.2.8 Individual Questionnaires .................................. 2-4 2.2.9 Market Survey Questionnaires .................................. 2-5 2.3 RESETTLEMENT .................................. . 2-6 2.3.1 Traditional Individual Resettlement .................................. 2-6 2.3.2 Traditional Group Resettlement .................................. 2-7 2.3.3 Resettlement Data .................................. 2-7 2.3.4 Social Meaning of Resettlement .................................. 2-9 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc fii May 1999 CHAD RESETrLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 2.3.5 Zone Destined for Resettlement .......................................................... 2-9 2.4 ONGOING DATA COLLECTION AND CONSULTATION EFFORTS .............. 2-10 2.4.1 Recent Data Collection (1998-1999) ................................................... 2-11 2.4.2 Compensation Consultation .......................................................... 2-12 2.4.3 In-kind Compensation ........................ .................................. 2-12 2.4.4 Cash Compensation ........................................................................ 2-13 2.4.5 Project Database ......................... 2-13 2.4.6 Villages Potentially Affected by Pipeline and Infrastructure Improvements ......................... 2-13 3.0 PROJECT LAND NEEDS ... .................... 3-1 3.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 3-1 3.2 TYPES OF LAND NEEDS AND USES .......................................................... 3-1 3.3 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ........................ .................................. 3-2 3.4 OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA .......................................................... 3-3 3.5 RECLAIMED LAND MADE AVAILABLE TO PRE-CONSTRUCTION USERS .. 3-5 3.6 COMPENSATION AND THE DURATION/TYPES OF PROJECT LAND NEEDS ................................... 3-5 3.6.1 Permanent Uses ................................... 3-5 3.6.2 Temporary Uses ................................... 3-6 4.0 LEGAL AND CUSTOMARY LAND RIGHTS . . ....................... 4-1 4.1 INTRODUCTION ..4-1 4.2 LAND TENURE AND OWNERSHIP .4-1 4.2.1 National Domain .4-1 4.2.2 Privately Owned Land .4-2 4.3 LAND OCCUPATION --OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA .4-2 4.4 LAND OCCUPATION -- TOTCO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM .4-3 4.5 LAND TENURE UNDER CUSTOMARY RIGHTS .4-4 4.5.1 Customary Rights over Land Use .4-4 4.5.2 Traditional Categories of Land .4-5 4.5.3 Religious Oversight .4-6 5.0 COMPENSATION VALUATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HELD BY CUSTOMARY RIGHTS .5-1 5.1 INTRODUCTION .5-1 5.2 COMPENSATION PAYMENTS AND RELATED CONSIDERATIONS .5-1 May 1999 iv Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 5.2.1 Local Inflation ................................................ 5-2 5.2.2 Lack of Banking Facilities ................................................ 5-2 5.2.3 Location and Timing of Payments ................................................ 5-2 5.3 COMPENSATION FOR FIELDS .......................................... 5-2 5.3.1 Field Measurement ................................................ 5-3 5.3.2 Calculation of Field Compensation Rate ............................................... 5-3 5.3.3 Payment of Field Compensation ................................................ 5-6 5.4 COMPENSATION FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES . ..................... 5-6 5.5 COMPENSATION FOR SACRED SITES ................................... 5-8 5.5.1 Ritual Sites ................................................ 5-9 5.5.2 Objects ................................................. 5-9 5.5.3 Locations ................................................ 5-9 5.5.4 Tombs and Cemeteries ................................................ 5-9 5.6 COMPENSATION FOR KITCHEN GARDENS AND BEEHIVES .................. 5-9 5.6.1 Kitchen Gardens ................................................ 5-9 5.6.2 Beehives ................................................ 5-10 5.7 COMPENSATION FOR TREES ..................... ........................... 5-10 5.7.1 Mango Trees ................................................ 5-10 5.7.2 Other Domestic Fruit and Shade Trees ............................................... 5-13 5.7.3 Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees .......................................... 5-14 5.8 COMPENSATION FOR FISHERIES ...................................... 5-14 5.9 SEMI-SEDENTARY AND TRANSHUMANT PASTORALISTS ................... 5-14 6.0 INDIVIDUALIHOUSEHOLD COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT ..... 6-1 6.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................. 6-1 6.2 TYPE OF IMPACTS ............................................. 6-1 6.3 RESETTLEMENT AND RESETTLEMENT ALTERNATIVES . .................... 6-3 6.4 ELIGIBILITY FOR RESETTLEMENT AND ALTERNATIVES .. 6-4 6.5 RESETTLEMENT .............................................. 6-4 6.6 IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES ................................ 6-5 6.7 OFF-FARM INCOME ............................................. 6-6 6.8 MONITORING RESETTLEMENT .................... ......................... 6-7 6.9 STEPS IN COMPENSATION/RESETTLEMENT PROCESS . .................... 6-8 6.9.1 Notification ............................................. 6-8 6.9.2 Documentation of Holdings and Assets ............................................. 6-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc v May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSAT7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 6.9.3 Agreement on Compensation and Preparation of Contracts .................. 6-9 6.9.4 Compensation Payments ........................... ............................. 6-9 6.9.5 Grievance Procedure ........................................................ 6-9 6.9.6 Compensation of Chiefs, Secretaries, and Elders ................................. 6-9 7.0 COMMUNITY COMPENSATION . .............................. 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 7-1 7.2 RESOURCES FOR WHICH COMPENSATION WILL BE PAID ................... 7-1 7.2.1 Permanent Loss of Communal Land ..................................................... 7-1 7.2.2 Impacts on Community Social and Economic Structure ........................ 7-1 7.3 COMMUNITY COMPENSATION TO ALWAYS BE IN-KIND . .................... 7-2 7.4 ELIGIBILITY FOR VILLAGE-LEVEL COMPENSATION . ........................ 7-2 7.4.1 Loss of Communal Land ..................................................... 7-2 7.4.2 Community Social and Economic Structure .................................... ...... 7-2 7.4.3 Village Compensation at the Canton Level ............................................ 7-3 7.4.4 Village Compensation at the Sub-Prefecture Level ............................... 7-3 7.5 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DETERMINING COMPENSATION ... 7-4 7.6 REUSE OF TEMPORARILY USED LANDS ..................................................... 7-5 8.0 IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING, AND EVALUATION . ................................ 8-1 8.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 8-1 8.2 ACTIVITIES LEADING TO COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT ............ 8-1 8.2.1 Public Consultation Program ............................ ......................... 8-1 8.2.2 Training and Cultural Awareness Program ............................................ 8-2 8.2.3 Improved Agriculture Techniques ..................................................... 8-2 8.2.4 Activities in the Oil Field Development Area .......................................... 8-3 8.2.5 Land Easement/Centerline Survey ..................................................... 8-3 8.3 ORGANIZATIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES . ........................ 8-3 8.3.1 EEPCI and/or TOTCO ..................................................... 8-4 8.3.2 National Committee for Technical Monitoring and Supervision (CTNSC) ..................................................... 8-5 8.4 MONITORING COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT . ..................... 8-5 8.4.1 EDR Milestones ..................................................... 8-5 8.4.2 Compensation and Resettlement Program Monitoring Group ............... 8-5 8.4.3 Government of Chad Monitoring ..................................................... 8-6 8.4.4 World Bank Monitoring ..................................................... 8-6 May 1999 vi Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 8.5 SOCIOECONOMIC MONITORING PARAMETERS . ........................... 8-6 8.5.1 Verifiable Indicators and Timelines: .................................................. 8-7 8.6 RECORD-KEEPING REQUIREMENTS ..................................... 8-8 8.7 CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS ...................................... 8-9 8.7.1 Introduction .................................................. 8-9 8.7.2 Grievance Procedures for Compensation and Resettlement ............... 8-10 8.7.3 Grievance Procedures for Damages .................................................. 8-11 8.7.4 Implementing Changes in Compensation and Resettlement ............... 8-11 8.8 MAKING RECLAIMED LANDS AVAILABLE TO COMMUNITIES ................. 8-11 8.9 FINAL EVALUATION .................................................. 8-12 8.9.1 Compensation and Resettlement Plan Monitors .................................. 8-12 8.9.2 World Bank Project Completion Report .8-12 8.9.3 EEPCI Review .8-12 8.10 OPERATIONS-PHASE COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT ............... 8-12 APPENDICES Appendix A GLOSSARY OF TERMS Appendix B ELIGIBILITY FOR RESETTLEMENT Introduction Economic Viability and Need for Resettlement Socioeconomic Data Analysis Need for Resettlement Vulnerable Households Recording Data on Eligibility Appendix C IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES IN THE OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA Introduction Background Information on Agriculture in Southern Chad OFDA Improved Agricultural Techniques Appendix D VILLAGE AND INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES Introduction Project Employment Opportunities for Individuals Labor-Intensive Village Employment Appendix E SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT ACTIVITIES AS OF FEBRUARY 1999 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc vii May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT TABLES Table 1-1 Compensation and Resettlement Goals Table 1-2 World Bank Directives Related to Resettlement Table 2-1 Public Consultation and Socioeconomic Data Collection Table 2-2 Market Surveys Completed Table 2-3 Traditional Resettlement Table 3-1 Types of Land Needs and Uses Table 3-2 Summary of Estimated Project Land Needs Table 5-1 Individual Compensation Rates Table 6-1 Timing of Compensation and Resettlement Activities Table 8-1 World Bank Monitoring Requirements Table B-1 Number of Cordes in Cultivation Table B-2 Ratio of Fields to Fallow Table C-1 Improved Agricultural Techniques Table D-1 Individual Employment Table E-1 Status of Resettlement Alternatives, Resettlement and Relocation Dossiers as of January 20, 1999 Table E-2 Options Selected by Households Eligible for Resettlement Table E-3 Resettlement by Relocation Table E-4 Summary of Individuals Needing to Relocate Houses Table E-5 Summary of Land Acquired and Compensation Paid for Crops by Village (OFDA - PPE) Table E-6 Individual Questionnaire (Visit) Table E-7 Individual Questionnaire (Concession - Habitation) Table E-8 Individual Questionnaire (Construction -1) Table E-9 Community Compensation Table E-10 Community Compensation (Infrastructure Communautaire) Table E-1 1 Example of Completed Individual Compensation Dossier Table E-12 Number of Mango Trees Compensated Table E-1 3 Number of Fruit and Shade Trees Compensated by Village Table E-14 Number of Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees Compensated by Village May 1999 viii Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 FIGURES Figure 1-1 Overview Map Figure 1-2 Administrative Boundaries of Logone Oriental Prefecture Figure 1-3 Land Acquisition Process Figure 1-4 Compensation for Sacred Sites Figure 2-1 Location of Villages Sampled Figure 3-1 Oil Field Development Area Figure 4-1 Land Occupation: EEPCI Oil Field Development Area Figure 4-2 Land Occupation: TOTCO Transportation System Figure 4-3 Ethnic Groups Figure 5-1 Transhumant Pastoralists Routes Figure 6-1 Compensation Process Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc ix May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAD RESErTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION The Chad Export Project Compensation and Resettlement Plan was developed to meet World Bank Directives on compensation and involuntary resettlement. The Plan's basic goals and principles (Table 1-1) are shared by Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. (EEPCI), Tchad Oil Transportation Company (TOTCO), its co-venturers, the World Bank, and the Government of Chad, and are intended to minimize disruption to local peoples. This philosophy considers resettlement as the last resort to Project-driven changes in land use. The Plan calls for fair, adequate, and monitored compensation for adversely affected individuals, households, and communities. The disruption of local peoples is to be minimized, and the social fabric of Project area communities respected. An earlier version of the Plan entitled Chad Compensation and Resettlement Plan, Chad Export Project, dated February 1998 was distributed both nationally and internationally for comments. In addition, extensive consultation has occurred in rural communities concerning the Plan during 1998. Comments received were assessed and adjustment made to the Plan as needed. Between February 1998 and February 1999, the following have been accomplished on the Chad Compensation and Resettlement Plan: * The Transportation System Centerline Survey (CLS) was completed in December 1998. * All individual files for the Oil Field Development Area (OFDA) and the pipeline easement were completed in January 1999, including 126 files in the OFDA, 456 files in the pipeline easement, and 26 infrastructure files. * All cash compensation to individuals affected by the Project has been paid in the OFDA and along the pipeline easement. * All in-kind compensation requests have been filled out by the affected individuals, and EEPCI and/or TOTCO are ordering the compensation goods for delivery over the next few months. * All resettlement and relocation cases in the OFDA have been identified, and families have given their consent. There are no such cases along the pipeline easement. * A road survey was carried out in January-February 1999. An estimated total of 2124 hectares (ha) of land will be needed, most only temporarily, during construction. Of this total, 203 ha (10 percent) was acquired during exploratory and delineation drilling through 1994. The remaining 90 percent of the land needs will be acquired in two phases: Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECr Phase l: A compensation process has been underway since September 1998 to acquire 890 ha (42 percent) for the permanent production facilities and related infrastructure (337 ha) and the pipeline easement (553 ha). Phase II: The remaining 48 percent will be acquired over a period of three years, for drilling wells and for the construction of flow lines, manifolds, trunk lines, power lines and secondary roads leading to the well sites. At the end of construction and development drilling, only about 457 ha (22 percent of the total 2124 ha) will be permanently closed to public use during EEPCI and/or TOTCO's operations phase. To accomplish this, when economically and technically feasible, land needed temporarily during construction will be made available to communities either as public improvements or reclaimed land. The following sections present procedures for determining eligibility for compensation, resettlement, and resettlement alternatives. Implementation procedures and the basis on which compensation is calculated are explained. The Plan was based on Project design and scheduling as of the first quarter of 1998. Section 8.0 sets forth procedures for managing changes that may occur as the Project or local conditions evolve. 1.2 ELEMENTS OF THE PLAN Key elements include: * Minimizing Project land use, reclaiming land after construction, and making as much land available as possible to customary users. * Designing the Project to avoid village relocation. * Meeting the intent of World Bank guidelines on reseKtlement and all local laws. * Recognizing Chad's unique cultural and legal issues. * Minimizing potential resettlement estimated to affect approximately 80 households. However, the Plan allows for a maximum of 150 households to be resettled. * Modeling resettlement on the existing cultural institution of resettlement, common among ethnic groups in the area. * Determining compensation values based on extensive data collection and socioeconomic analysis in the area. * Providing for EEPCI and/or TOTCO payment for compensation and resettlement at current market values. May 1999 1-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA77ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Incorporating preferences voiced during extensive consultation with local peoples, Non- Governmental Agencies (NGOs), and other stakeholders. * Providing compensation for both private landowners and customary users. 1.3 PROPOSED PROJECT The Chad Export Project will produce, transport, and sell oil to world markets in a manner that balances Chad's environmental, economic, and social needs. Three oil fields in Logone Oriental Prefecture will be developed and a pipeline Transportation System built across Cameroon to a floating offshore storage facility in southwestern Cameroon (Figure 1-1). In Chad, most activity will occur in the Oil Field Development Area (OFDA) in the Cantons of Bero, Kome, and Miandoum (Figure 1-2), where plans call for constructing production facilities and for drilling about 300 wells. Facilities have been sited to avoid settlements and include an operations center, storage areas, roads, an airfield, and housing. Placement of facilities is known except for well drill pads and associated lines. Wells will be sited over a period of several years as data are collected and analyzed from initial test and production wells. 1.4 SUPPORTING STUDIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS The 1997 version of the Environmental Assessmente (EA) of the Chad Export Project was prepared to meet World Bank guidelines. The EA identified physical, biological, and human socioeconomic environmental issues in order to avoid adverse impacts or to minimize through redesign early in the Project planning process and adoption of mitigation measures for the environment. The 1997 version of the Environmental Management Plan2 (EMP) to meet World Bank guidelines was also prepared. The EMP provides summaries of specific biophysical, socioeconomic, and health-related Project expectations and issues, along with associated Project mitigation and monitoring actions. Other elements of the EMP include discussion of roles and responsibilities of key participants (e.g., EEPCI and/or TOTCO and the Government of Chad), oversight organizations, and environmental management tools. Socioeconomic studies related to potential Project impacts and resettlement were completed in support of the EA and preparation of this Plan. Field studies are continuously being conducted by Dr. Ellen Brown who has 30 years of research experience in Chad. In her first study for the Project in 1995-96, Dr. Brown and her team of Chadian sociological assistants completed over Dames & Moore, October 1997, Environmental Assessment, Chad Export Project: Chad Portion, Esso Exploration and Production Chad, Inc. 2 Chad Export Project, Environmental Management Plan, Exxon Production Research Company, 1997. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-3 May 1999 CHAD RESErLEMENTrAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 13 work months of on-the-ground research and extensive public consultation. Appendix B, "Human Environment," of Environmental Assessment contains the full 140-page text of Dr. Brown's research report. Consultation was carried out in 61 communities (villages and towns), where residents proposed ideas and debated propositions about resettlement and compensation (Section 2.0). Many plan recommendations were advanced by the people potentially impacted, the local populations in the OFDA cantons. Compensation valuations evolved out of the population's previous experiences with compensation and their judgment of what is fair, both for individuals and for the community. Dr. Brown also studied current and on-going increases in pressure on land in the local slash and burn/mulch farming system. This increased pressure has resulted in decreasing soil fertility. To minimize the potential impact of project land needs, early Project redesign resulted in a significant reduction in Project land needs. Community consultation and a Public Consultation Program have provided, and will continue to provide, information on the scope and nature of Project activities, and issues of concern, such as the availability of jobs, and updates on the Project's progress. Village meetings and consultations were held on several occasions in almost 100 villages. Villages in the Project vicinity were informed of possible land needs and resettlement options during Phase I (1998- 1999), the pre-construction period. Likewise, village meetings and consultations will be held during Phase II of the Project, the pre-drilling stage. Additional socioeconomic information was collected during the 1998 Centerline survey. Ongoing consultation and "effect monitoring" throughout Project construction will indicate the degree to which EEPCI and/or TOTCO socioeconomic goals are achieved (Section 8.0). 1.5 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT Social-cultural values molded the compensation principles. VALUE RESPONSE A village has a powerful attachment to Facilities were sited to avoid villages; minimize land needs; its location. and make reclaimed land available to communities. People attach both emotional and Individuals will be compensated for their labor investment, as economic value to the labor they well as for materials. invest in their fields and homes. Community-wide agreement is the Community-wide support was solicited for the Plan and will be basis for all action. sought throughout the compensation and resettlement process. May 1999 1-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENW!RONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 VALUE RESPONSE Equality is highly valued. There is a Community compensation avoids creating "haves" and "have- strong cultural bias against creating nots," and allows strong and positive social ties and "haves" and "have-nots." integration into a host community. A cultural value of people living in the The compensation process for directly affected peoples will be area is that any act of giving or taking open and transparent. involves not equal treatment, but . Compensation rates will be simple and straightforward, to preference and discrimination. make it easy for the local population to recognize that Taking land from one person or compensation has been fairly paid. village, compensating some a Public consultation in affected areas will clearly explain individuals or groups and not others is what will and will not be compensated for and when likely to be viewed as discrimination someone is eligible for compensation. or preference. . The goal is to have one person see that the same standard l__________________________________ applies to him as to others. Even though the Plan contains compensation and resettlement processes and valuations proposed and agreed to by most of the population, it is inevitable that some individuals in this culture will perceive partiality and favoritism. Social-cultural values were followed throughout the compensation process. The overall compensation process was simple and straightforward and all affected individuals were treated with the same high-level standards set by EEPCI and/or TOTCO. Public consultation and transparency is important, but will not completely avoid dissent and dissatisfaction. EEPCI and/or TOTCO continues to be proactive with their public consultation program. 1.6 COMPENSATION FOR CUSTOMARY RIGHTS Land acquisition and compensation will meet Chadian law (Section 4.0) and World Bank compensation principles and will recognize customary rights. This procedure is illustrated in Figure 1-3. Since most land needed by EEPCI and/or TOTCO is held by customary rights, this Plan addresses a number of issues related to these rights, including the following. ISSUE RESPONSE Establishing a generous net land yield Establishing a value for the net yield of the land so farmers can purchase replacement staples even when market prices may be at their peak. Including value of labor in valuation of Setting the value of farmland at the monetary equivalent of farmland labor invested in preparing and cultivating a field, allowing the user to reestablish an equivalent field elsewhere. Moving cultural sites and burial places Moving sites, when possible and providing compensation as per mutual agreement between EEPCI and/or TOTCO and the local population concerned (Figure 1-4). Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT ISSUE RESPONSE Recognizing that customary rights Many people depend on land to which they do not have legal may exist on titled lands title for their livelihood. In rural areas customary users sometimes continue to use land, unaware that it has been acquired legally by someone else. In such cases, both the legal titleholder and the customary rights user will be compensated Importance of bush Recognizing that bush is in fact extremely valuable to the community, compensation will be paid as part of community compensation. Compensation valuations are discussed in Section 5.0 and include a combination of cash, in- kind compensation, and technical assistance. Both individual and community compensation will be provided. * Individuals will receive compensation for customarily held investments and assets that covers the replacement cost of such investments which have been surrendered or abandoned because of direct Project activity or resettlement (Sections 5.0 and 6.0). * In-kind community compensation will be paid to villages that undergo significant impacts as a result of Project resettlement (Section 7.0). - Information pertaining to individual compensation is discussed in Section 2.4.1 and Appendix E. 1.7 RESETTLEMENT, RESETTLEMENT ALTERNATIVES AND RELOCATION World Bank Guidelines require that the potential for involuntary resettlement be considered as per World Bank Operational Directive 4.30. This resettlement policy addresses both resettlement of families to new locations, as well as relocation of family structures and fields within the same community. This plan provides for resettlement modeled on traditional existing social institutions. 1.7.1 Early Project Planning for Resettlement and Resefflement Alternatives Early Project planning minimized the potential for resefflement. The number of individuals or households who are at risk of no longer being economically viable because of Project land needs was evaluated on the basis of Project land needs, the average surface area used by a farmer, and the fact that almost half of households have two independent farmers with their own fields. It is estimated that, at maximum, 150 households will be eligible for resettlement. Up to 31 January 1999, with 42 percent of the land needs filled, 18 households in the OFDA were eligible for resettlement (Table E-1). Six out of the 18-chose off-farm income training as an altemative option (Table E-2). May 1999 1-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 The Plan proposed that families who resettle would be given technical support, advice, and assistance during their move and transition period in addition to compensation for any investments surrendered or abandoned. Resettlement plans include mitigation measures such as improved agriculture. A latrine will be included as part of any new house construction. Therefore, the environmental impact of resettlement activities is expected to be no greater or less than the traditional resettlement on which it is modeled. All these measures are being followed closely in the resettlement process. In addition, EEPCI and/or TOTCO offers two alternatives to resettlement following a facilitated decision-making process. This decision process will help households decide which decision, resettlement or an altemative fits their particular circumstances. If individuals opt not to resettle, they may choose one of the following options: * Improved Agricultural Techniques: Individuals may choose to learn improved agricultural techniques facilitated by EEPCI and/or TOTCO and to receive one year of agricultural credits (Section 6.6). * Off-Farm Income: Individuals who have some off-farm skills or realistic business opportunities may choose to receive a year's tuition for approved local skills-training programs, and low-interest loans for tools or materials needed (Section 6.7). * Subsistence farming is likely to remain the major livelihood of most people in the area. But the EA, supported by other studies, has shown that the current agricultural system -- without the Project -- is not sustainable in the longer term. Because EEPCI and/or TOTCO land needs will increase village land pressure, the Project will facilitate improved agricultural techniques that attempt to slow the decline in local soil fertility, promote the growth of high yield/high value crops, and lower the rate at which bush land is cleared and cultivated. 1.7.2 Early Project Planning for Relocation Farmers often build adjunct structures in their fields, especially fields that are distant from their main homestead. They build these structures for storage of their seeds and harvested crops and for convenience. If land needed by the Project contains such structures, compensation will provide for the replacement of these structures in different, but nearby locations. In other words, the structures will be relocated within the community the household currently resides. People also construct temporary shelters or housing in their distant fields. They live in these distant fields during part or all of the rainy season and return to their villages once work in those fields has been accomplished. If Project land requirements affect these structures during the rainy season, the housing will be relocated. The family is assisted in moving their effects, as is the case with resettlement. As the family retains a viable amount of agricultural land, only relocation in a convenient place is necessary. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-7 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION- VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 1.7.3 Status of Resettlement and Relocation Cases (15 September 1998 - 20 March 1999) All individuals and households who will be relocated (within the current village they reside in) or resettled (in the villages other than those they to reside in) during Phase I have been identified and have given their consent (Table E-1). All homesteads and fields that will be abandoned because of resettlement have been identified, measured and catalogued. Procurement of construction materials for reconstruction of homesteads began in December 1998. Resettlers have identified and gained access to replacement fields. Everyone who is being resettled has decided on and gained access to a destination village. There are 18 cases in the OFDA who qualify for resettlement. Five individuals have decided to resettle (Table E-3). They have picked their resettlement locations and have established resettlement timelines. Six others have already made replacement fields and/or moved on their own. Seven have acquired additional land from relatives and will continue to farm in their present area, without resettling. Six individuals have opted for the off-farm income option and have chosen a profession in keeping with their abilities and their present situation and, therefore, will not be resettled. There are no resettlement cases along the pipeline easement. There are 21 relocation cases in the OFDA. Relocation files have been opened for 17 cases. All information on current housing has been gathered for relocation. Individuals have made decisions as to where they will relocate their homes. (Table E-4). Each affected individual has chosen a new house site and has indicated its location to EEPCI and/or TOTCO in order for construction of replacement housing to take place. All houses to be relocated are in the Canton of Bero, in two administrative villages, Bero 2 and Dildo, and in two geographic villages, Dodangti (quarter of Bero 2) and Mbayande (quarter of Dildo). There are no relocation cases along the pipeline easement. May 1999 1-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table 1-1 Compensation and Resettlement Goals PHILOSOPHY * The local population sees the compensation as fair and equitable based on: - local African cultural values, - people receiving what is perceived as fair. * Compensation is as transparent as possible. * The compensation process treats people and resources in exactly the same way whenever possible. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES COMPENSATION * Affected people's standard of living will not be less than their current conditions when compensation is complete. - Both holders of legal title to land and traditional land users are compensated. - Project is conducted in a manner that assures the land is available for use when needed for project construction and operations. * Compensation is perceived as fair by the local population. RESETTLEMENT * Need for resettlement is limited through Project design. * Desirable alternatives to resettlement are provided to affected people. * Affected people have adequate time and resources to reestablish themselves. * Resettlement follows traditional procedures of local culture. * Compensation and resettlement do not create dissension within local population. * Compensation and resettlement activities are fair. CONTINUING SUPPORT * People in both impacted and surrounding areas continue to be supportive of the Chad Development Project. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-9 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table 1-2 World Bank Directives Related to Reseftlement Operational Directive 4.30 entitled Involuntary Resettlement (June 1990) The Directive describes: Resefflement Objectives Contents of a Resettlement Plan . Resettlement is avoided or minimized. . Community participation . Resettled persons reestablish their former . Socioeconomic survey standard of living. . Environmental protection and management . Community participation and resettlement are . Land tenure, acquisition, and transfer modeled on existing social institutions of . Legal framework resettlers and hosts when possible. . Valuation of and compensation for lost assets . Absence of legal title to land is not a bar to * Shelter, infrastructure, and social services compensation. a Access to training, employment, and credit . Local populations should be compensated with . Alternative sites and selection and integration adequate new land. with host populations * Organizational responsibilities . Implementation schedule, monitoring, and evaluation. Resettlement Review by the Evaluations Department (1993), and Regional Remedial Action Planning for Involuntary Resettlement (1 995) Indicate that effective resettlement involves: - Compensation for lost assets in full consultation with affected families * Assistance with resettlement and support during the transition period * Assistance in re-establishing or improving the former standard of living * Sufficient community participation to protect social fabric Operations Manual Statement 2.33 Establishes two important goals: * Resettled population should at least regain its prior socioeconomic status within a reasonable transition period. * No environmental degradation ensues from the resettlement process. May 1999 1-10 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA T7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Operations Policy Note 10.08 Gives supplemental guidelines for the financial/economic aspects of resettlement: * Resettlers should benefit from any economic development brought about by the Project that led to resettlement. * Options should be offered to enable people to enhance, not just replace their productive/income-earning opportunities. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 1-11 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK UDoba Nigeria ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ilFedDevelopment Area | ~~~~Nigeria _______X (Includes Pump Station No 1) Ngaoundrd D Location Map / L >' ~~~~~~~~~~~Ngaoundal e g n tLunSain Cameroon Central African Republic 'Goyour Deng Dent Nanga Ebo,7 )~~~Dul Obal , PupSato No 3 2$ K\ b Biidi _ Yond Guinea jLldr Marinei lpnd AK re /ial Lso5 0 50 Kilometers 1ernninal J Pressure Reducm Staton/ LEGEND A/ Pipeline . Pump Station / PRS Chad Export Project OVERVIEW MAP hRaiload El City A/ Road & DAMES & MOORE FGURE 1-1 A DAMES & MOORE GR..MP COWANY r | - X ffi ' _ . ;~I a > e | | A t /--' > _ 0 TX~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I ..I.:...,... :00y'$ :00:.f:0 :;........... Figure 1-3: Land Acquisition Process Legal Ownership (Titre Fon9ier) Customary Rights * Land needed identified * Land needed identified through government through government Consult with: Consult with: * Village chief * Canton chief * Landowner * Village chief * Negotiate amicable settlement Consult with: * Determine economic viability * Customary user if individual if owner is user * Village if community user *Compensate _ __ * If eligible, resettle or select resettlement alternative * Negotiate with individual using * Negotiate with village * Document crop/field labor value process * Consult with canton chief * Compensate individual * Compensate village * If eligible, resettle or select * Document resettlement alternative ^ Document 97-4925-001 Figure 1-4: Compensation for Sacred Sites Consult with: * Canton chiefs * Village chiefs/elders/religious officials * Individuals Identify nature of sacred site Negotiate with: * Individuals for personal sites * Religious officials representative of spiritual community Movable Not movable Negotiate compensation with: , * Individuals for personal sites Negotiate compensation with: * Religious officials representative Renividus forersonalasite of sprta comnt * Religious officials representative of spiritual community of spiritual community Pay compensation or modify Project land need to avoid sacred site 97-4925-005 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 2.0 DATA COLLECTION AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION 2.1 INTRODUCTION This Plan is based on extensive socioeconomic fieldwork and data analysis initiated in 1995. The following Section summarizes data collection methods and conclusions drawn from these data. Summary information on data collection, field studies, and village consultation visits and results of the in-depth socioeconomic survey can be found in the 1997 version of the Environmental Assessment, Chad Export Project: Chad Portion, Appendix B, Human Environment (Dames & Moore, 1997). The following key conclusions were drawn from the data collection and analysis effort and form the basis of this Plan. 2.1.1 Resettlement * Is a common local response to internal social problems and land availability, * Has been experienced by most people, * Methods have been devised by local cultures to deal with resettlement and integrate resettlers, * In its traditional form is an excellent model for this Plan. 2.1.2 Compensation for Assets e Most resources and investments are held by customary right. * Includes compensation for a broad range of resources upon which people depend, and will not be limited to those normally compensated under Chadian law. * Bush is a community asset as a source of food, medicine, construction materials, and future farmland. Loss of bush is a community loss and will be compensated for by community compensation. 2.1.3 Valuation of Assets * Will be based on replacement cost as preferred by the local population and will permit individuals and households to recreate existing circumstances, * Covers field labor, since labor is the most valuable investment that farmers make in their fields, and * Will be based on highest valuation of staple crops used for feeding families. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 2.2 BASELINE DATA COLLECTION (1995-1996) 2.2.1 Introduction In 1995, a Project socioeconomic data collection program was initiated by Dr. Ellen Patterson Brown (See Section 1.4). Most of the baseline research was conducted in the OFDA cantons of Bero, Kome, and Miandoum, while more limited research was conducted in cantons and major towns along the proposed Transportation System and roadways. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through: * Review of public records, * Consultation with NGOs, * Urban focus groups, * Meetings with local authorities, * Meetings on pastoralist issues, * Community consultation, - Administration of individual questionnaires, and - Conduct of market surveys. The results of consultation can be found in the supporting document EAESU consultation and the public review program report. 2.2.2 Review of Public Records Area historical trends were assessed through review of National Office for Rural Development (ONDR) annual reports, NGO reports, and personal archives. Researchers at the International Center for Agricultural Research and Development--Annual Crops (CIRAD), who have been researching land management and land pressure in the Project area, were also consulted. 2.2.3 NGO Consultation Local and national NGOs were consulted by Dr. Brown to review their activities and experiences in the Project area and their opinions concerning Project impacts on local populations. 2.2.4 Urban Focus Groups Local ward chiefs in urban areas were requested to invite people to focus groups to discuss jobs, rental housing and lodging, prostitution, small business opportunities, and oil development. The chiefs also designated ward members for interviews and questionnaires. May 1999 2-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 2.2.5 Local Authorities Consultation Frequent meetings were held with regional and local officials and influential citizens. The secretary of the canton chief attended most meetings in his canton. Subsequently the canton chiefs and their secretaries met with Dr. Brown to cover issues that had emerged. They discussed resettlement and compensation solutions proposed by villages and other problems that the chiefs wished to raise. At the end of each meeting all issues and agreements reached were orally reviewed, so that all the canton chiefs were clear on what had been agreed. 2.2.6 Consultation on Pastoralist Issues Dr. Brown talked with semi-sedentary groups of herders in the OFDA and Fulani and Arab transhumant groups passing through the OFDA area. She met with pastoralists' leaders in Doba, near the Project area, and in Chari-Baguirmi, transhumant herders' point of origin each year. Veterinarians in the OFDA, along the Transportation System route, and upstream and downstream of the Project area shared their knowledge of transhumant routes. The Ministry of Livestock evaluated the number of animals that might pass through the Project area. Mitigation measures in the 1997 version of the Environmental Assessment were developed in consultation with traditional leaders and the Ministry of Livestock, who proposed methods of communicating with pastoralists during construction of the Transportation System. 2.2.7 Community Consultation Community consultation focused on people's ideas conceming the Project and past compensation experiences. Consultation included one or more meetings in 61 communities in 1995 (Table 2-1; Figure 2-1). The target sample of communities included: * Ten percent random sample in OFDA cantons of Bero, Kome, and Miandoum, * One percent random sample in the contiguous cantons of Bebedjia and Mbikou, * One control community in each canton sampled, * Other communities in the OFDA. These communities were included in the public consultation effort because of their proximity to the OFDA and potential Project impacts. Either individual questionnaires were administered in each community or focus group discussions were conducted. Analysis of questionnaire data provided the quantitative information necessary to develop this Plan, including establishment of an economic viability threshold. Individuals who fall below this threshold will become eligible for resettlement. Meetings which included elders, women, youth, and socially active and religious groups, were open-forum discussions covering: Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT * The present economic and social situation of the community, * The level of community development, * The potential for protecting community interests and for implementing change without outside assistance, * Previous contacts with oil companies' personnel (issues, criticisms, commendations), * Questions about the future development of the Project, and * Issues of compensation and resefflement. Communities asked numerous questions about resettlement, pollution, compensation, and especially fair job opportunities. These comments led to discussion of what villages would consider acceptable responses. People openly stated their opinions, sometimes critical, of the past behavior of local authorities or oil companies. Meetings were not "Question and Answer" sessions, nor confined to set topics, although Dr. Brown covered all her agenda items. All groups, including less vocal groups, not just the local power structure, had many opportunities to ask questions and state their ideas. Since Dr. Brown and her assistants spoke the local languages, they captured for the record most nuances, contentious issues, and informal comments, as well as commendations and recommendations. Meetings lasted about four to five hours and became arenas for public discussion and debate in which Dr. Brown acted as a facilitator and referee. The meetings were ended, by the people attending, when they felt they had adequately expressed their ideas and opinions. In many cases communities requested subsequent meetings to discuss issues on which they wished to reflect. Discussion and reflection on issues in small groups are a fundamental element in the local political system. Consensus and public support are developed through this process. Thus traditional political processes generated the conclusions and recommendations shaped over the course of these meetings and contained in this Plan. 2.2.8 Individual Questionnaires Questionnaires on individuals' socioeconomic situation were administered after village meetings in the random sample and control communities. At the beginning of each meeting Dr. Brown explained how the community was chosen at random. She illustrated this by selecting a five percent random sample (based on 1993 census figures) of the adult men and women on the tax rolls. These individuals were then asked to complete a questionnaire with the assistance of literate village volunteers. Questions included: * Origins and likely places for relocation, May 1999 2-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Household size and composition, * Household's economic and material resources and income, * Household's land holdings and available land, * Household's dependence on bush resources, * Woman's economic status and land resources, * Interactions with pastoralists, * Individual's and household members' education, * Individual's understanding of the oil project, * Personal experiences and evaluation of past interactions with oil exploration, and * Expectations about the oil project. Analysis of completed questionnaires provided data on: * Individual and household economic viability, * Pressure on land resources, * Importance of bush resources, * Past resettlement, and * Off-farm income and activities. The random sample questionnaire data were used to assess resettlement issues and compensation costs. The original sample design called for administration of 502 questionnaires (Table 2-1). Forty-two questionnaires were not included because of: insufficient information or because individuals declined to participate; this left 460 random sample questionnaires. In some communities, people not selected as part of the random sample asked to participate in the survey; this increased the number of questionnaires by 37 to 497 (Table 2-1). These data were collected but not included in the statistical analysis. 2.2.9 Market Survey Questionnaires Market surveys on prices and availability were carried out in OFDA local and regional markets and were the basis upon which compensation values were calculated. To assess fair monetary and in-kind compensation, data on markets, prices, and marketing constraints were gathered in both the dry season and during harvest in 1995. Data were collected on: * Crops and cropping patterns, * Rules of land inheritance, Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORTPROJECT * Income, * Experiences with development organizations, and * Presence of savings and loans in the past or present. Analysis of data from the 84 market questionnaires administered in the eight local and regional markets (Table 2-2) provided data for: * Setting compensation rates, * Estimating compensation and resettlement costs, and * Establishing market rates to evaluate future Project impacts. These prices were updated by using the findings of the September 1998 Market Survey which took place just prior to initiation of compensation payment. Prices will continue to be adjusted, as necessary, to account for inflation and changes in local market conditions. 2.3 RESETTLEMENT Analysis of fieldwork and questionnaire data made it clear that voluntary resettlement occurs frequently in the local culture. Resettlement occurs at two levels, individual and group. 2.3.1 Traditional Individual Resettlement There is considerable movement of individuals between communities. Individuals leave for a wide variety of reasons and usually join relatives or friends in other existing communities. Upon arrival, the resettler borrows or permanently takes over cultivated or recently followed land, or, once accepted into the community, clears fields on communal lands. Most movement occurs within a limited geographical area, since most marriages occur within villages and between neighboring communities. Leaving one's present location is the accepted way for an individual to resolve problems including: * Lack of fertile land, * Sibling rivalry, * Need for bride wealth, * Illness, * Accusations of sorcery and witchcraft, * Poor social skills, or May 1999 2-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * New adventure. Some people resettle many times. Women may move to other communities to marry, but upon divorce -- which is common -- they often return, with their children, to their home and kin. Some of these children may move back to their paternal kin when their mother dies. For some of these people the reasons that drove them to move initially, become less important than their family ties. As a result, they return to their old village. 2.3.2 Traditional Group Resettlement A group of individuals and/or households may leave a village to form a new hamlet elsewhere. Usually they move to an area closer to uncultivated bush or more convenient to their fields. Less often, a group may move into a different canton. Many splits occur because of land availability. Where households create new hamlets because of sibling rivalry, to escape witchcraft and sorcery, or to gain political power, these splits are the first move in achieving political independence and power. In either case, geographical separation is the first step by which emigrants gain managerial independence over most of their affairs. Men who are only ward heads, or chefs de carr6, in the administrative hierarchy, act effectively as village chiefs. For purposes of the Compensation and Resettlement Plan, separate geographical units will be recognized as de facto independent units. 2.3.3 Resettlement Data Most individuals in the OFDA have resettled or know people who have resettled. Many respondents in the sample reported having left their natal village (Table 2-3). In many instances respondents had moved multiple times. It is common for individuals to leave home villages and set up new offshoot hamlets. In order to assess the historical frequency of these movements in the OFDA, the administrative history of 32 official villages was studied. Official villages are those recognized on the Republic of Chad 1993 census list. Villages selected had geographical boundaries (including cultivated fields) overlapping either the Bero, Kome, or Miandoum oil field boundaries. DEFINITION OF OFFICIAL VILLAGE A village officially recognized on All 32 villages selected for study the 1993 census list. were official villages. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-7 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT In order to evaluate the historical frequency of splits, and the relative size of "home" and "offshoot" villages, Republic of Chad 1993 census data were analyzed. As part of the study the official villages can be further subdivided into: SUBTYPES OF OFFICIAL VILLAGESJ 1. Home village A village from which individuals Sixteen of the 32 villages had forming the new offshoot hamlet individuals leave to form new had left since 1993. offshoot hamlets. 2. Village with no offshoot A village from which no Five of the 32 villages had no hamlets offshoots were recorded. This offshoot hamlets or no category also includes villages information. for which the Census did not include information on the village's original "home" village. 3. Offshoot hamlet A village formed since 1993 as a Eleven of the 32 villages are result of individuals leaving a offshoot hamlets. "home" village. By further studying the census information administrative links were established between the original 32 OFDA villages and 22 others in the OFDA cantons for a total of 54 villages. Review of the Census data indicated that of the 54 villages, 28 were offshoot hamlets, 18 were "home" villages, and eight were villages with no recorded offshoot hamlets. Formation of offshoots were frequent. Twelve "home" villages had at least one offshoot, while seven "home" villages had two to four offshoots. This information further revealed that: * Small groups often set up independent offshoot hamlets while remaining administratively attached to a "home" village. * Offshoot hamlets could become as large, or larger than, the original "home" village, yet still report to it administratively. * Almost all offshoot hamlets are established in the same canton as the "home" village, but not always. Of the 54 villages studied only three had splintered from a village in another canton. - A Canton Bero administrative village was originally from Moyen-Chari Prefecture. - A Canton Miandoum offshoot hamlet is still administratively dependent on Canton Kome. - A Canton Bero offshoot hamlet was settled just over the border in Canton Miandoum. 3 The above categories are for purposes of sociological analysis of resettlement only. May 1999 2-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * New hamlet formation is linked to the need for more fertile land. * Some settlements studied in the 1993 census illustrate resettlement at work. * Some villages have a small number of people who have moved. These tend to be very old villages with a strong emotional and cultural hold on their inhabitants. At Dildo, in Canton Bero, only 10 percent resettled, and at Bolobo 11 in Canton Kome only 14 percent. * In contrast, the entire population of Mekab 11, a tiny hamlet in Canton Miandoum, comes from another village in the same canton. Forced to spend substantial time traveling great distances to get to their fields, they finally decided to relocate nearer their existing fields. * At Bemou, in Canton Kome, not only are 91 percent of the questionnaire respondents resettled from a nearby village, but individuals had already left Bemou to form the offshoot hamlet of Mouarom. Although individuals often join kin in another canton, especially a mother's canton, it is infrequent for a group to splinter off and reestablish itself in another canton. Sanaga, in Canton Bero, was founded by people originally from the Prefecture of Moyen-Chari. The entire population moved during the 1983 - 1986 famine. Moving from one canton to another can provoke conflict between the canton chief losing inhabitants/taxpayers and the host canton, as is the case with the Kome and Bero hamlets located in Canton Miandoum. During the joint discussions for developing this Plan, the three OFDA canton chiefs discussed the possibility that groups might resettle in one another's canton, in places where land is more readily available. They jointly worked out a mutually acceptable system for transferring populations and authority. 2.3.4 Social Meaning of Reseftlement During consultation, individuals often mentioned the strong emotional loyalty people have to their natal village and its territory. Being buried in one's native soil lies at the center of a nexus of ideas about religion, place, and identity. But this real and powerful aKtachment does not prevent large numbers of people from leaving their villages. The seeming contradiction between emotion and behavior is resolved by funeral rites, which involve mourning, removal of the body to its natal village, and burial there. Proposing resettlement touches on potent emotional themes; however, reseKtlement does not pose any new issue which the culture has not already resolved. 2.3.6 Zone Destined for Resettlement Permanent facilities and roads wili require about 675 hectares for the lifetime of the Project. As a result, it is estimated that a maximum of 150 farmers may be unable to find replacement fields in their present place of residence in the OFDA. These people will be offered the opportunity to Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-9 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENWRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT select among three alternatives. They can participate in training and receive credits for improved agriculture, participate in training and receive credits for off-farm income opportunities, or reseKtle (Section 6.3). If an individual decides to resettle, he or she can resettle in a place of their own choosing with Project assistance. The individual will also decide which family members should resettle along with him/her. Leaving the decision where to resettle up to the individual does not mean that the "resettlement area" has not been identified and studied. The sociological studies for the Project targeted the three cantons in the OFDA as not only the region of origin of resettlers, but as their likely destination. In the past, although large numbers of individuals resettled (Table 2-3), about 93 percent of them moved to villages within the same canton. The initial individuals eligible for resettlement, as a direct result of Project's activities, have all resettled on lands belonging to the administrative village to which they already belong. Only one individual has resettled outside the canton in which she was residing, a widow who has rejoined her paternal relatives in the canton where she was born. Since the sociological study included all three cantons in the OFDA, the potential environmental and social impact of resettlement on the host area is already known. After an individual has exercised his or her freedom of choice about where to move, that choice will be recorded. Before resettlement occurs, the Project will assess the need for additional infrastructure and community compensation for the villages to which people are moving and from which they are leaving (see Section 7.4). The impact of resettlement will be mitigated as a function of the number of resettlers and the current infrastructure of the host village. 2.4 ONGOING DATA COLLECTION AND CONSULTATION EFFORTS All information necessary to develop this Plan has been collected. Initial studies provided data sufficient for the following: * Establishment of resettlement and compensation principles, * Design of a Compensation and Resettlement Plan, * Determination of compensation values, * Establishment of the initial situation in the area, and * Preparation of a timeline for compensation and resefflement activities. Additional information has been gathered from the OFDA and pipeline easement surveys, public consultations, September 1998 Market Survey, and continuing socioeconomic data collection. Section 8.0 contains information from studies on individuals affected by the Project or specific land users, locations of sacred sites, and on current prices to use for compensation values. May 1999 2-10 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 2.4.1 Recent Data Collection (1998-1999) 2.4.1.1 Individual cases in the OFDA and along the pipeline easement As of 31 January 1999, 608 individual cases have been handled by EEPCI and/or TOTCO (Table E-5). Team members gathered data on each affected individual (household) (Tables E-6 to E-8). A series of individual and community questionnaires (Tables E-9, E-10) was developed to suit the comprehension levels and the lifestyles of the affected individuals and communities. The questionnaires were tested on various individuals from the OFDA. 2.4.1.2 Field survey team A field survey team accompanied the individual data survey team, measured the affected individual's field, and marked it with survey stakes. Verification of field limits was always obtained from local village authorities and the individual affected by the Project. Data were gathered on the types of crops being grown, along with the state of the field in question, whether it was in preparation, in cultivation, or cultivated during last year's growing season. 2.4.1.3 Global Positioning Systems (GPS) All fields and concessions were measured using the Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. The GPS technical specialist then took exact measurements from the field stakes, placed earlier by the field survey crew and complied with the land requirements for the OFDA and the 30-meter easement requirements for the pipeline. The GPS data were downloaded into AutoCAD, computer software, and drawings of each field were generated. 2.4.1.4 Trees, kitchen gardens and beehives All trees and any other elements, i.e. kitchen gardens and beehives, were also taken into account for each individual file in the OFDA and along the pipeline easement. 2.4.1.5 Summary files When all the information for each individual's file had been obtained, a summary file was completed (Table E-1 1). The file contained tabulated information and the AutoCAD drawings for their fields. This allowed the affected individual to review all the information gathered, and to state his/her agreement or disapproval. If the affected individual was in agreement, the information was processed in the database for the next step in the compensation process: compensation payment options. If the individual still did not agree, a verification team, comprised of members of the individual data survey team and the field survey team, visited the area in question. In some cases, the Operations Manager visited the site to rectify the issue with the affected individual, the village Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-11 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT and canton chiefs and the other team members. All issues were successfully resolved before the summary files were completed. 2.4.2 Compensation Consultation During the period of formal public consultation following release of the EA, EMP and Compensation and Resettlement Plan, all villages within the Project Area were invited to public meetings at which the compensation method for valuing fields, fruit trees and non-domestic productive trees was explained. Indicative prices, based on the 1995 market survey, were given, with the commitment that these prices would be up-dated before compensation was paid. The population agreed with the method for valuing fields and mango trees, expressed some reservations on the valuation of wild trees, and disagreed with the valuation of banana trees. The rates used for the compensation cash payments were established in the September 1998 Market Study, which EEPCI and/or TOTCO carried out with GEPF, CIRAD and Focus. The team found that the 1995 rates proposed in the 1998 Compensation and Resettlement Plan for labor invested in the fields were still valid. However, the new rates for subsistence crops needed to be raised. The study also included the valuation for non-domestic productive trees, and concluded that the rates proposed during the Public Information Campaign were valid. The methods for valuing bananas and papayas were changed, and these resulted in higher compensation rates. In a series of meetings with affected individuals, information pertaining to the up-dated valuations of the compensation was explained. Each individual reviewed the calculation of his or her compensation based on the up-dated rates. Information on the various choices of compensation, specifically cash, in-kind and assistance was also discussed. It was found that if this information was conveyed to the recipients on several occasions, their appreciation for their compensation grew. It also gave them time to think about their compensation options. 2.4.3 In-kind Compensation As compensation is available in cash, in-kind and assistance, a study was conducted to find out the types of in-kind articles required by the individuals affected by the Project. From the study's findings, a booklet was generated which showed a picture of each available article - plows, carts, mills, sewing machines, bicycles, and so forth. Village meetings were held on in-kind assistance to explain the rationale and importance of in- kind compensation. Each affected individual was then informed in private about the amount of compensation he or she would receive, and given information about the in-kind compensation articles. This allowed him/her to have a clearer understanding of the benefits of in-kind assistance, and to have more time to make a decision. May 1999 2-12 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Some individuals surrendered such small parcels of land that they could not afford any of the items offered in-kind. But 81 percent of those affected had enough to invest, if they so wished. 68 percent of those who could afford in-kind compensation selected one or more items. 2.4.4 Cash Compensation All cash compensation was paid out to individuals affected by the Project in the OFDA and along the pipeline corridor in December 1998 and January 1999. A random survey of the recipients of cash compensation, done in January 1999, indicated that 85 percent had already invested some of their cash in productive property and 24 percent were saving some of the money for future projects. Moreover, 84 percent of the recipients were planning to use some of their money to put more land into production. 64 percent of the investment money had been spent in the local area, and almost all of it within the recipient's sub-prefecture. Only a few reported that they had already spent all of their cash. 2.4.5 Project Database It should also be made clear that the Project has an extensive database that was specifically developed for the various requirements of the Project. Information pertaining to each individual affected by the Project and each parcel of land acquired along with all the trees, kitchen gardens, and beehives are all included in the database. 2.4.6 Villages Potentially Affected by Pipeline and Infrastructure Improvements Information on Mboum land tenure and compensation issues related to payment for manioc was gathered during 1998, as early data-gathering efforts were limited because of security concerns. Ethnographically, this area is fairly similar to villages in the OFDA. Data gathering and evaluation focused on: * Issue: Mboum land tenure, and whether it is different enough to affect the way temporary land use is handled, and land is made available in these communities; Response: It was found that Mboum land tenure is not different enough to affect the way temporary land use is handled, and how land is made available in these communities. This issue was brought up during the Public Consultation Program and it was not viewed as an issue for the villagers. It was found that there was no merit in handling Mboum land tenure differently from other established regional land tenures. * Issue: Whether compensation values should be modified in this area because manioc cultivation is more common. Response: Dr. Ellen Brown completed a brief rural assessment regarding manioc cultivation in the Mboum area. Although there is more manioc cultivation in the southern part of the Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-13 May 1999 CHAD RESETrLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Project area, the price of manioc there was substantially lower. Upon reviewing the prices for millet and sorghum (subsistence crops), and for manioc along the southern part of the pipeline easement, it was found that all prices balanced out. It was more beneficial for the individuals affected by the Project in the Mboum area to use the September 1998 Market Survey prices set for subsistence crops, as opposed to setting separate prices for manioc. May 1999 2-14 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETrLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table 2-1 Public Consultation and Socioeconomic Data Collection RANDOM SAMPLE IN OFDA No. of 5 Percent No. of Village or Town Canton Type of Sample Visits Taxpayers Questionnaires Dangdin Bebedjia Control 1 21 20 Bendjeri Bero Control 2 18 17 Mako Kome Control 1 9 0 (Note 1) Gomon Mbikou Control 1 14 14 Mekapti Miandoum Control 2 2 1 Subtotal 7 64 52 Note 1: Not accessible at time of fieldwork. Future work during public consultation. Bengaouda Bebedjia Random 1 45 33 Donara Bebedjia Random 1 12 12 Bero 2 Bero Random 2 41 40 Bero I Bero Random 2 25 25 Dildo Bero Random 4 31 29 Madjo Bero Random 4 27 17 Miarom Bero Random 1 2 3 Missamadji Bero Random 3 5 6 Moundanromkagiti Bero Random 2 6 7 Sananga Bero Random 2 6 6 Takouti Bero Random 1 4 3 Bebe Kome Random 2 4 5 Begada Kome Random 3 12 11 Bemou/Mouarom Kome Random 4 12 12 Beto 2 Kome Random 1 6 5 Bolobo Kome Random 1 19 34 Bongbeti Kome Random 2 3 8 Kayaraal Kome Random 2 6 9 Kome Ndolebe Kome Random 2 19 19 Madana Natphor Kome Random 2 10 11 Mayongo Kome Random 1 3 12 Mbanga Kome Random 3 27 26 Naikam/Bedia Kome Random 1 5 5 Madana Mbikou Random 2 8 10 Bendoh Miandoum Random 3 12 12 Maikeri Miandoum Random 2 24 22 Manboy Miandoum Random 3 22 22 Ngalaba Miandoum Random 2 42 41 Sub-Total 59 438 445 ITOTAL SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRES IN OFDA 66 502 497 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 2-15 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA77ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table 2-1 Public Consultation and Socioeconomic Data Collection (continued) RANDOM SAMPLE ON PIPELINE No. of Type of Village or Town Canton Type of Sample Visits Questionnaires Madog Bessao Random I Focus Group Benarbe Gadjibian Random 1 Focus Group Donara Gadjibian Random 1 Focus Group Kagbeti/Kayrati Kome Random 1 Focus Group Bingo Mbassay Random 1 Focus Group Mbikou Mbikou Random 3 Focus Group Diba/Lima Mont de Lam Random 1 Focus Group Ouao Timberi Random 1 Focus Group Subtotal 10 OTHER VILLAGES CONSULTED No. of Type of Village or Town Canton Type of Sample Visits Questionnaires Bebedjia Bebedjia Other 5 Focus Group Doungabo Beboni Other 1 Focus Group Bekoto Bero Other 1 Focus Group Kayaraal Bero Other 3 Focus Group Bedouada Bodo Other 1 Focus Group Bebala Boro Other 1 Focus Group Boro Boro Other 1 Focus Group Doba Doba Urbain Other 9 Focus Group Gore Gore Other 1 Focus Group Bela Kome Other 2 Focus Group Mainani Kome Other 1 Focus Group Moundou Logone Oriental Other 2 Focus Group Kayrati Miandoum Other 2 Focus Group Kome Mbairabetole Miandoum Other 1 Focus Group Mekab 2 Miandoum Other 1 Focus Group Meou Miandoum Other 1 Focus Group Miandoum Miandoum Other 2 Focus Group Mont de Lam Mont de Lam Other 1 Focus Group Subtotal 36 May 1999 2-16 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table 2-2 Market Surveys Completed MARKET SURVEYS Canton Market Town (N=13) No. of Questionnaires B6b6djia Bebedjia 11 Beboni Doungabo 4 Bero Dildo 2 Boro Boro 2 Doba Urbain Doba 29 Kome Kayaraal 8 Kome Kome 4 Kome Kome-Base 4 Mbikou Mbikou 4 Mbikou Kome Mbairabetole 1 Mbikou Mbikou 5 Moundou Koyom 1 Moundou Moundou 9 Total 84 Chad CRP Eng 05-05-doc 2-17 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table 2-3 Traditional Resettlement PAST RESETTLEMENT REPORTED BY SAMPLE No. No. Report No. Percent Canton Villages Village Resettled Questionnaires Resettled B6b6djia 1 Dangdin 14 20 70 N=69 2 Donara 6 12 50 3 Bengadoua 15 33 45 4 Bedaninga 1 4 25 52% of Canton Resettled Total 36 69 Bero 5 Miarom 3 3 100 N= 179 6 Sananga 6 6 100 7 Missamadji 12 13 92 8 Takouti 2 3 67 9 Madjo 10 17 59 10 Bendjeri 8 17 47 11 Bero lI 12 40 30 12 Bero I 6 25 24 13 Mbanga 12 26 46 14 Dildo 3 29 10 41% of Canton Resettled Total 74 179 Kome 15 Bemou 11 12 92 N= 132 16 Beto 4 5 80 17 Bongbeti 5 7 71 18 Mayongo 8 12 67 19 Bebe 3 5 60 20 Madana Natphor 6 11 55 21 Kayaraal 5 10 50 22 Kome 9 19 47 23 Begada 5 11 45 24 Naikam 2 5 40 25 Bolobo 5 36 14 47% of Canton Resettled Total 63 133 Mbikou 26 Gomon 12 14 86 N= 24 27 Madena 7 10 70 79% of Canton Resettled Total 19 24 Miandoum 28 Mekab li 1 1 100 N= 97 29 Manboy 14 22 64 30 Ngalaba 19 40 48 31 Mainkeri 10 22 45 32 Bendoh 5 12 42 51% of Canton Resettled Total 49 97 May 1999 2-18 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc Rood Degleig Gai s DdEji~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~R ljde*Ddie lAocabon~ ~ ~ ~K Mooos Beroako -oS No;oto ht o'otnBeba , I~~~~~~~~~~~~'" K-h,,l Doungabo: va6 6M< __.tion -MB6b;i,, = ti ' He abX |Bedoka * dona ' B . t - _ * Bobemam ' * /_ 4 DOB0 * 6-jNo.B ok.... Location'gorollun\Tor M op I;abnac a . Be d e iRl -- BoNederl * Mo_ _ podeo Rino - n e ! > Bek Gold Bebolof e Boo Dog.Odup _Kaai BkuE -Bda- Bf Dtge eau /~ ~ ~ ~ ~~oc Dagdh* ! s Od4 ,*Doa M a i *ao Meou D Bedissrab agioe / VMio --=. . . iendje Bo -oo g * M b i* an, Kb rnM aDrD ot l De ra ou. I & -j D oro gdj nng boy N-aya ng * a Moeu - . Bin, V Miss amadt Ii I Ml3xidoumFrcid Nam - Beedohsmpe ha xpr ro c Btol1oiio -- Bokoona - - icamraai Mhopgbn~~~~Kayrt[ DNg.ooe Modncy B6oFid GmonMNg okabao *M & MOOR FIGUREag-1 Manboye ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~Mac V f I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- . - I, 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Bg - aMeId -.b Bendoh Sapld E porOLCATON F VLLGESSAMLE M Ketdec, FilddameebViloundlieenplemCha Prjec lOelebe Field ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Bd onng Bolob ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ DMS OR 13-d.h ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~FGR - CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 3.0 PROJECT LAND NEEDS 3.1 INTRODUCTION This Section describes Project land needs associated with construction and operations of the Chad Export Project. During early Project planning, facilities were sited to avoid villages and other populated settlements. Ancillary structures and houses will be impacted. Some individuals will be resettled as a result of Project land use needs. However, no villages will be moved from their present locations. Up until 31 January 1999, 18 individuals have met the resettlement requirements. Six of the affected individuals have chosen off-farm income as an alternative. There are 17 relocation cases. (Section 1.7.2) The 1998 topographical survey indicated that about 20 percent of the land needed by the Transportation System and approximately 45 percent of the land needed in the OFDA were under cultivation. Fields occasionally contain ancillary structures such as granaries, fences, rain shelters, and isolated houses. This last item may necessitate some relocation of families, not just buildings. For additional information the reader is referred to Section 3.0, "Project Description" in the 1997 version of the Environmental Assessment, Chad Export (Dames & Moore, October 1997). 3.2 TYPES OF LAND NEEDS AND USES About 2124 ha are needed during Project construction, of which 1093 ha have been, or are being acquired. In general, Project land needs can be divided into the categories listed in Table 3-1. Areas needed during the operations phase are in [bold]. Project land needs and post-construction land uses vary significantly between the two major Project components: * Construction of the Transportation System, or pipeline, by TOTCO, and * Development of the Oil Field Area by EEPCI. Table 3-2 summarizes total land needs by 'Types of Use." Part A: Summary of Estimated Land Needs by Canton is divided according to land needed for OFDAllnfrastructure Improvements and that needed for the Transportation System. Part B: Summary of Estimated Land Needs for Oil Field Development Area Facilities breaks out major types of Project facilities and the type of land need. In the OFDA, about 297 ha will be used for public improvements and 457 for permanent facilities sites, for a total permanent land Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 3-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT use of 754 ha. Another 817 ha will be reclaimed after construction and made available to pre- construction customary land users. 3.3 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM About 178 km of the 1,070-km-long Transportation System will be constructed in Chad (Figure 1-1). Starting at the Operations Center in the OFDA (Figure 3-1) the pipeline will extend to the Cameroon border, crossing through the Cantons of Bero, Kome, Miandoum, B6bedjia, Timberi, Gadjibian, Bessao, Mont de Lam, and Mbassay (Table 3-1; Figure 1-2). A review of 1995 aerial photography suggested that about 21 percent (37 km out of 178 km) of the land needed for the pipeline in Chad was under cultivation. This was confirmed by the 1998 topographical survey which showed that 21 percent (111 ha out of 534 ha) to be farmland. A 30-meter-wide easement will be needed during the construction phase. In areas of difficult construction, the width of the corridor may be expanded to 50 to 60 meters depending upon the terrain. The pipeline itself will be buried between 1.0 to 1.5 meters below surface. Construction of the entire length of the pipeline in Chad is expected to take one dry season (seven months). However, construction activities at any given location should require only 30- 60 days to complete: the time required to clear the land; excavate the trench; lay, weld, and inspect the pipe; and backfill the trench. The construction crew will then move to the next construction location. Shortly after the trench is backfilled, the land will be reclaimed and made available to villages holding pre-construction customary rights over the land. Villagers will be free to use about half the reclaimed land without restrictions, for activities such as cultivation of agricultural crops, as well as the construction of houses, animal pens, and fences. The Project needs about half (or 15 meters) of the original 30-meter-wide construction corridor for long-term maintenance and operation of the Transportation System. During operations, this 15-meter-wide strip of land will be made available for most pre-construction uses, but with the restriction that the use not interfere with the normal functioning and maintenance of the pipeline. Some restrictions are necessary, since the pipeline must be periodically inspected and the easement must be kept clear of large bushes and trees. Cultivation of annually harvested agricultural crops such as corn, cotton, or millet will be permitted provided digging and plowing do not exceed 60 cm in depth. Animal pasturage will be permitted but construction of houses, animal sheds, and other structures will not be allowed. May 1999 3-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSAT7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTPLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 3.4 OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA A wide variety of facilities will be constructed in the OFDA (Figure 3-1). Lands needed for facilities are summarized in Part B of Table 3-2 and briefly summarized below. The Project is planning approximately 300 wells. Current estimated land needs are based on 287 wells. Wells and Manifolds Number of wells: Estimated 287 total . Kome Field . Miandoum Field . Bolobo Field Duration of all drilling: About four years. Fifty drilled the first year, with the balance of wells drilled during years two to four. Average drilling/completions: Two to four months per well Construction size: (88 to 125) x 113 meters (about 1 ha) Operations size: (58 to 94) x 47 meters A well pad covers slightly over one ha or the equivalent of about two traditional 71 x 71 meter fields, otherwise referred to as cordes. Review of air photos suggested that about 207 of the 282 ha needed for construction are currently under cultivation. The percentages of well sites under cultivation vary for the three fields and reflect the existing land pressure in the Kome field area. Oil Field Estimated Ha Needed Percent Estimated No. Total Ha in No. of Wells For of Wells Sites of Wells Sites Agriculture Construction in Agriculture in Agriculture (1.06 halwell) Kome 213 208 75 160 170 Miandoum 24 23 57 14 15 Bolobo 50 51 41 21 22 Total 287 282 - 195 207 About 207 ha of land proposed for drill pads and manifolds is estimated to be under cultivation. Field Treatment Facilities Type of facilities: . Doba Operations Center and flare (85 ha) . Pump Stations (10 ha) * Gathering Stations (15 ha) Duration of construction: About two years Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 3-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT A review of air photographs suggests that all of the land needed for the Operations Center and half of the land needed for the pump stations are under cultivation. Land needed for the gathering stations is in bush. The airfield site is located on bush and cultivated land used by the village of Dildo. Only about 20 percent of this land (or 39 ha) is estimated to be under cultivation. Field Infrastructure Type of facilities: a Roads (297 ha); most main roads (39 out of 58 km) already exist. . Community Center & Construction Camp ( 49 ha) . Airfield (154 ha) . Landfill (12 ha) . Storage Area (12 ha) . Drilling Base (42 ha) already exists Duration of construction: One year for primary roads; intermittent for remaining two/three years The Kome base camp is now used for Project activities. Land for this facility was acquired in 1994. Field Pipelines Type of pipelines: . Flow lines . Gathering lines * Trunk lines . Water injection lines Duration of construction: Intermittent during the two-year construction period for fixed facilities and the four-year drillings and completions program Duration of construction per Each of these lines can be constructed and buried in one or two line: months. The preference is to have most of the construction carried out in the December to March time period between the harvest and planting seasons, without disturbing the farming cycle. Practically all the land will be made available to pre-construction users with some restrictions. A 15-meter-wide strip of land (roughly centered over the buried pipeline) will be made available for uses that do not interfere with the pipeline's normal operation and maintenance. It is estimated that about 300 ha of the land needed for field pipelines is currently under cultivation. Power Lines Type of facilities: Erecting and stringing of an estimated 1300 poles to support electric power lines Duration of construction: Four months. May 1999 3-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Of the lands needed for power lines, it is estimated that about 130 ha are currently under cultivation. 3.5 RECLAIMED LAND MADE AVAILABLE TO PRE-CONSTRUCTION USERS Reclaimed land will be made available to the original pre-construction village. Depending upon the pre-construction use, land will be made available as follows: PRE-CONSTRUCTION USE MADE AVAILABLE TO: Bush Belongs to the community as a whole and returns to the village land pool. Fallow Traditionally, fields abandoned to fallow return to the village land pool. Ethnic groups differ on how long they recognize a farmer's claim to abandoned fallow, but it ultimately returns to the village land pool, where the Project will make available the reclaimed land. Cultivated field By the time the land is reclaimed, the farmer has prepared a replacement field. This is tantamount to having abandoned the old field to fallow, or to the village land pool. Land specifically protected or As per pre-construction agreement. enclosed Monitoring of land use by EEPCI and/or TOTCO is for the purposes of ensuring that land use restrictions on reclaimed land are adhered to. The community will decide who will use the land. 3.6 COMPENSATION AND THE DURATIONITYPES OF PROJECT LAND NEEDS 3.6.1 Permanent Uses As a result of the Project, about 756 ha will be permanently removed from village land pools. About 299 ha of this land will go toward public improvements such as roads, which will be for public use. LAND NEEDED PERMANENTLY FOR IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR PROJECT FACILITIES Type of Use Total Ha Compensation Public 299 . Community compensation will be paid for rights to farmed, village, or improvements bush land (Section 8.0). . Individuals and households will receive replacement value of their investments made (Section 7.0). Permanently 457 . As above. closed facilities sites with no public access Subtotal 756 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 3-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 3.6.2 Temporary Uses The actual duration of construction activities in any one location is generally less than three to four months. As a result, lands will normally be reclaimed and made available for pre- construction customary rights user before the next agricultural cycle begins. LAND RECLAIMED AND MADE AVAILABLE TO PRE-CONSTRUCTION CUSTOMARY RIGHTS USERS Type of Use Total Ha Compensation Reclaimed land -- 774 . Community compensation will be paid for rights to farmed, village, or available for all bush land (Section 8.0). pre-construction . Individuals and households will receive replacement value (Section uses 7.0). Reclaimed land - 594 . As above. available with some restrictions Subtotal 1368 In Sections 5.0 and 6.0, compensation to individuals and associated valuations for damages to assets such as fields, trees, and ancillary structures is discussed. Section 8.0 discusses community compensation to be paid for permanent loss of lands from village land pools and associated rights to use land. May 1999 3-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table 3-1 Types of Land Needs and Uses THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS ARE ESTIMATED LAND NEEDED PERMANENTLY FOR IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR PROJECT FACILITIES Type of Use Total Ha Examples Public 299 Land needed for improvements and upgrades -- primarily public roads. Improvements [299] * Repair/upgrading 170 km of existing roads . Construction of 30 km of new roads and bridges . Brush clearing for new roads Permanently 367 Land needed for Project facilities that for the entire operations phase will Closed Facilities [367] not be accessible to the public. Examples include: Sites with No * Central treating facility Public Access . Power generation plant . Gathering stations . Fenced well pads ... .. .. .. Subtotals 666 Construction-Phase Land Nee.ds- [666] Operations-PhaseLaindl eeds LAND RE.CLAMEgi...AND.MADE.AVAIL:AB.LE.TO PRE-ORNSTRUCTION C:USTOMARY RIGHT.USERS`. Type of Use TotalHal Ex' .les. Reclaimed Land . .Land used dring ction That wil be re.limed and made available to Available for all o m[01t ec ommIuni i .es hd,in. pre-roj e.customaryri ht Reclaimed lands are Pre-Construction pTimaf yas_SQ09at&,,d ith:"- Uses . ,, I xpo..t pipeline c..o.nstruction W Well pas and mrnifods :___ _ _Fibid * Field pelines Reclaimed Land .591 Landavall'able or mst pr",-construction uses, but with the restriction that Available with f1.1. 't us'e not interfere with the. normal functioning and maintenance of the Some buried .ipeFines ct ov6rhead power lines. Restrictions . Abouta 15-mete r-wide strip of land overlying the export pipeline L .nd dverliin§ buried field pipelines ...*.' Cleiar areas under some power lines Subtotals 1377-,, C,stuction-Phase Land Needs l591] p eration's Phase Lands with Some Restrictions TOTAL LAND NEED Type of Use Total Ha Examples 2043 Construction Land Needs 1666] Operations-Phase Public Improvements/Permanent Facilities Sites [591] Operations-Phase Lands with Some Restrictions Chad CRP Eng 05 05.doc 3-7 May 1S999 Chad Compensation and Resettlement Plan Section 3.0: Project Land Naeda Table 3-2: Summary of Estimated Project Land Needs __________ ~~~~~~Pact A: SUMMARYOF ES7TMATED LAND NEEDS BY CANTON ____________________ Oil Field Development Area andl Ifras-tructueiimpirovemen~ts - _____ - Tasportation Systm Project Facilities (Hla) Reclaimed Land [Ha) OFAad Reclaimed Land (Ha)TtlLn Permanent Available Available With infra Available Available With Transportation Needed Public Closed Permanent for Previous Some Reclaimed stut~...for Previous Some System B3y Canton Type of Facility Improvements Facilities Sites Subtotal Uses Restrictions Subtotal Su4it ta Uses Restrictions Subtotal Canton B3ero See detail below 72 333 405 247 160 407. 016 6 12 824 Kome See detail below 1105 86 193 1196 '1211 317 1 60 60 1120, 630 Miandoum See detail below 94 22 116 6 1 46 1071 22. 2 - 0 223 B6bddjia Public Road (1) 26 - 26 --0 26--0 26 Timberi - --0 -0 0 40 40 80 80 Gadjibian Storage Yard - 0 16 61644590 106 Bessao -- 0 - 053 53 106 106 Mont de Lam ---0- 0 0 21i 2 1 42 42 Mbassay TrcPr()- 2- 2 - - 0243 485 87 Total Ha, All Uses _____________ ] ~~~~ ~~~299 443 742 12 2 8o1 169 ] 268 267 [ 535 ][ 2124 Total Ha,Public Imrovemenits 1299 -29 1041 1 Total Ha, losed Faclity Sites II -443 442 I-- i 742 Total Ha.ReclaimedLands I_ _ _J - 06132787268 267 53 [ 1382 Note 1: Main Road from the canton center of Miandoum to Bebedjia to the Main National Highwa~Y$.'."... ... Note 2: This truck park wilt be open to the public. PARTSB: SYM_MJWd0f-ESV1MTE11LAND Ng IFR OLFIELDDEVftl)PMENrj4fEA FAClL17ES AlreadyPr cFbitsNbRcandLadla TtlHByCto Acquired Existing Cantons Bero, Kome, (included as part Pblc Cse emnr i Prvts Sin Relmd Tyeo Miandoum. and Bebedjia FacilitiaslLands ltfew PerrnDneet6' re., 0j t e AvalReclaWith Total of M__ and_ um_, and_Bebed___a -of totals to right) .IrrjtWfvan1ets lbcilities $ites ubft us"s ::.Restrtions Subtotal Facility Bero Kome Miandoum Bebedjia L Welts & Manifolds ~~~~~~~(37 of 78] 87 204: 204 22148 107 27- Field Treatment Facilities (6 ofi I 10 10- 10 0 6 1 Field Infrastructure [1160 of 566] 297 26966- 0 566 275 171 94 26 Field Pipelines - 0 211:: ~Jf~ 211 422 422 198 154 70- Power Lines -- 0'5116 191 - 191 lOt 72 1 [TtlOil Field Area Facilite [ 0 f74 274774403787 1 17 f 62510 232 Subtotal Other Facilitie 2 .2 Subtotal Transportation System 2______ ___________________ 68 267 535 535____ 120 0 Total OtherrTransportation System 284__________________267_________ _______________________ 553_____ _______2 ___________________________ [TOTAL I _____________ ] 299 457 ..: 756 J 774 594 1369 1 2124 ][ 824 630 22354 266B824 63 223 2 Conversion FactorsFrom Ha to: Sq Kilometers S Miles Ase ordes Eng_t3-2.xIs Chad Nya Bo Bedia j 0 CA.R. aocation Map TO oum 0 LEGENDLNDUMIED ii Existing Well Oils FildOtln [j]Gathierng Station & Manifold 0 Village/Town DA E tO R IUE- Ai:': 7. A : J, , THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 4.0 LEGAL AND CUSTOMARY LAND RIGHTS 4.1 INTRODUCTION This Section describes the procedure to obtain the use of the land necessary for the oil field development and the pipeline Transportation System activities, and the compensation rights arising from such use. The principles of land tenure and private ownership according to Chadian law will be outlined in Sections 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 to provide a basis for the procedure to obtain the land. The procedure to obtain occupation rights of land for the OFDA and for the pipeline Transportation System also delimit the ways which compensation and land acquisition may take place. The procedures for the OFDA and the Transportation system will be discussed separately, as they are governed by two different conventions, the Upstream Convention, signed between the Republic of Chad and the Consortium on 19 September 1988, together with its amendments, and the TOTCO Convention of Establishment, signed between the Republic of Chad and TOTCO on 10 July 1998, respectively. Section 4.5 discusses land tenure under customary rights. 4.2 LAND TENURE AND OWNERSHIP Land in Chad is either State-owned or privately owned. Land belonging to the State is referred to as National Domain and is divided into Public Property of the State and Private Property of the State. It is expected that most of the land needed for the Project will be in the National Domain. 4.2.1 National Domain 4.2.1.1 Public Property of the State Public Property of the State is inalienable and indefeasible. Rights of occupation over Public Property may be granted under a permit or contract of occupation. Natural Public Property includes water flows, lakes, ponds, and springs; islands, isles, sand banks, and riverbanks formed in rivers; underground streams, mineral and mining deposits, and classified forests. Artificial Public Property includes navigation and irrigation channels, waterways, drainage and sewer systems; communication means, airports, telecommunication systems, power generation works for public utility, and protective devices such as signs; geodesic and topographic boundaries and landmarks, national defense works and their perimeters of protection, public Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 4-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT monuments, and collections or objects of cultural interest belonging to the State or to a subordinate public entity. Customary rights of customary users of Public Property of the State are recognized. The loss of the use of such lands entitles the customary users to fair compensation for any investments they have made to the land. 4.2.1.2 Private Property of the State Any land belonging to the State that is not in the Public Property of the State falls within the Private Property of the State. This includes vacant and unregistered land, land whose owner cannot be found or that has been abandoned by its owner, and unusable or inaccessible land that becomes available for use as a result of public works. Customary rights of customary users of Private Property of the State are recognized. The loss of the use of such lands entitles the customary users to fair compensation for any investments to the land. 4.2.2 Privately Owned Land Private ownership may be established by registering the land with the Land Registry to obtain a land title, which is referred to as Titre Foncier. While registration is optional, a registered title is definitive and unassailable. Private Property of the State may become privately granted land. A private citizen may purchase land, or, more commonly, the State may grant it by way of a concession. To acquire land by way of a concession, the concession holder must comply with the conditions set out in the concession text. After the holder has demonstrated compliance with concession conditions, the State may grant ownership of the land to the holder. The holder must then register the title to the land with the Land Registry to become the official owner. Customary rights do not exist over registered land. The landowner is entitled to fair compensation for the land itself as well as any investments. 4.3 LAND OCCUPATION -- OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA The land occupation for the oil field development is governed by the Consortium Convention and the Petroleum Code. EEPCI, the Consortium's Operator, submitted the land file for surface facilities and related infrastructure to the Minister of Mines in October 1998 in accordance with the following provisions: a declaration of land to be occupied for longer than six months must be submitted at least two months before it is needed (Figure 4-1). EEPCI negotiated with the title or customary May 1999 4-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 rights holders and reached amicable agreement on the compensation due to them for the use of lands in the OFDA. Upon reaching an agreement, the State shall issue a decree authorizing the occupancy of the necessary lands. Likewise, EEPCI will negotiate with the title or customary rights holders before, and during, development drilling (Phase II), as explained in Section 1.1. Although it has not been necessary, the Upstream Convention provides that, if mutual agreement cannot be reached, the Minister of Mines and the Minister of Finance may issue a decree authorizing land use, after the title and customary right holders are allowed to present their claims. If the procedures to determine the rights and compensation have not been concluded within six months of the publication of the decree allowing occupancy, the Minister of Mines and the Minister of Finance may allow the Consortium to dispense with further proceedings by paying to a designated public accountant an estimated amount of compensation determined by the government authorities. This compensation shall be calculated as follows: * If occupancy is only temporary and the land may be cultivated after one year in the same fashion as before, the compensation shall be set at least at the annual net yield of the land. * In other cases, the compensation shall be estimated at a value at least equal to the value of the land prior to the occupation. All compensation for land needed for the oil field development has been and shall be paid by EEPCI. 4.4 LAND OCCUPATION -- TOTCO TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM The land occupation for the TOTCO Transportation System is governed by the TOTCO Convention and the Petroleum Code. Pursuant to these documents, the Republic of Chad will expropriate the lands necessary for the construction, operation, and maintenance activities of the TOTCO Transportation System into the Private Property of the State (Figure 4-2). The Republic of Chad will then allocate the use of such land to TOTCO by a Project Approval Decree (PAD), which authorizes TOTCO to carry out the construction, operation, and maintenance activities of the TOTCO Transportation System. TOTCO submitted a request specifying the requested land easement to the Minister of Mines in 3 separate land files on 14 October, 12 November, and 14 December 1998. The Minister of Mines transmitted the land request to the Minister of Finance, who issued an order for a 60-day public inquiry dated 14 December 1998. The public inquiry period started the day the Prefect of the Logone Orientale received a copy of this order. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 4-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT During the inquiry, all concerned parties may make their observations known. At the conclusion of the public inquiry, the files shall be transmitted to the Minister of Mines, who shall draft a report on the conclusions. Based on this report, a Declaration of Public Utility (DUP) Decree by the Council of Ministers will be issued to: * Pronounce the Declaration of Public Utility for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the TOTCO Transportation System, * Identify the plots of land to be expropriated, * Pronounce their expropriations, and * Withdraw the customary rights attached to the expropriated land. The DUP Decree shall be published in the Official Journal. Compensation for the expropriated land may be fixed by amicable agreement. In case of failure to agree amicably on compensation within 30 days from the publication of the DUP Decree, either party may resort to the competent court for a determination of compensation. The parties shall each designate two experts, who will have thirty days to present their reports to the court. The court shall render its decision within thirty days. Any appeal must be filed within 15 days of the court's decision. TOTCO shall pay the compensation due within 45 days from the fixing of the compensation amount. All land has been obtained by amicable agreement. Finally, the Republic of Chad shall, in the Project Approval Decree, allocate the land thus expropriated to TOTCO in the form of a land easement. The PAD shall be issued no later than three months after application has been admitted. 4.5 LAND TENURE UNDER CUSTOMARY RIGHTS Project compensation and resettlement activities have been designed to fit with the local typology of land, its use in the farming system, rights of different groups, and length of Project land needs. Additional information is contained in the Environmental Assessment, Appendix B, Section 4.2. 4.5.1 Customary Rights over Land Use Customary rights among ethnic groups in the Project area are, on the whole, similar. Most of the people belong to one, over-arching ethnic group, the Sara (Figure 4-3). Whether Ngambay, Mbay-Doba, Kabba, or Lakka, since they are all Sara, their land use rules show only minor May 1999 4-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD,EXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORT7ON - VOLUME 3 differences. Any land in the non-Sara territory of the Mboum, on the Cameroon/Chad border, will be needed only temporarily during construction. Among the Sara, a village controls a certain amount of land whose boundaries are not precise in the surveyor's sense, but nevertheless are widely accepted. These boundaries contain the village, its farmlands and fallow, and regularly exploited bush. Bush that is not regularly used by any village does not belong to anyone and is available for use by anyone. Anyone wishing to farm in uncontrolled bush should ask permission of the canton chief. Splinter groups can set up farm hamlets on their own village land without consulting anyone. This is because the land is their ndouba to which they have rights because their parents or ancestors opened up the area for settlement and were buried there. The concept of ndouba, used here to indicate "land around the village," "inherited land," or "inherited fields," also means "former village site," "burial place," and one's ancestral home. Section 2.0 mentioned the complex of ideas and the emotions involved with issues in large part signified by the concept of ndouba. If a group wants to settle in bush controlled by another village they must seek permission, by majority approbation, of the host village. The host village will determine the land they may occupy. If an existing village feels that immigrants will put too much pressure on their land, they can refuse (and often have) to grant any land. Likewise, any individual outsider seeking to farm within another village's boundaries must first have a sponsor within the village. If the outsider is socially unacceptable, or if villagers feel there is not enough land to go around, these issues are made clear to the outsider's host before the host becomes involved as a "sponsor." Just as an outsider must have a sponsor within a village, a woman who marries into the village is also an outsider, so she acquires land through her husband. Women are not, however, a disadvantaged group as far as land is concerned. First, women have equal rights to land in their natal village (their own ndouba). Since many marriages are within the same village, most women have ready access to their own land. Second, any woman can clear virgin bush wherever she lives, and claim customary rights over it in the same fashion as a man. Nevertheless, the ease with which women can get land in their own village leads many widows to return to their village of origin - another reason why voluntary resettlement is so common. 4.5.2 Traditional Categories of Land Local dialects usually categorize land in three ways according to its use: * Inhabited, cultivated, and fallow land, * Exploited bush, and * Bush that is not frequently exploited. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 4-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSA77ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORT7ON - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT These uses are characterized by rights which range from individual to community rights. Inhabited and cultivated land is exploited by individuals. Clearing bush for a field requires heavy labor and takes from September until the start of the subsequent April-June planting season. Cleaning brush in last year's field takes much less work. Customary rights recognize the labor that an individual invests in clearing and maintaining a field. The farmer has control over the field s/he cleared as long as s/he keeps it in cultivation. Among all ethnic groups, immediate blood kin also have residual rights to any land a recently deceased person was cultivating. If there are no close classificatory "brothers," or once the individual ceases to use this land, it begins to revert back to the community. For this reason, an individual may not relinquish land s/he is using to an outsider without the general agreement of the village. As to fallow land, labor invested is still recognized to some extent. Anyone else who wants to use recent fallow should ask the farmer's permission first. Ethnic groups differ as to how long bush must be in fallow before it returns to the community land pool and any villager can use it freely. This ranges from about 10 years, or 15 to 20 years, to within an adult's memory. The Ngambay are the strictest; cleared land left to fallow can be inherited by one's descendants. This land, also called ndouba, will, nevertheless, revert to the village land pool if the direct descendants die. Exploited bush is considered community land. If a village moves, it retains residual rights to its ndouba, exploited land. Others can use it but should check first with the village. When a village falls apart or dies out, its land returns to the canton-wide land pool. Bush that is not regularly exploited may be used by anyone. However, bush may contain trees that have been protected by individual farmers who once farmed this land. These farmers would have first claim to the fruits of these trees, even though the field has reverted to bush. 4.5.3 Religious Oversight A canton chief has administrative control over the canton's land and acts as a liaison between the government and the inhabitants of his canton. Within villages, inhabitants are controlled by the village chief. However, this village chief has no control over village lands. The traditional religious official who controls inhabited, cultivated, and fallow land, including ndouba (land immediately around the village community used for kitchen garden and burial sites), is the "land priest" or chef de terre. This "land priest" calls on the spirits tied to the land to keep the land fertile. The "land priest" is also in charge of apportioning fallow land. Exploited bush is controlled either by the "land priest" who controls the inhabited, cultivated, and fallow land, or by another traditional religious official, depending on the ethnic group. Where there are two officials, each is independent and controls his/her category of land. May 1999 4-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Bush that is not regularly exploited is not controlled by a traditional religious official except among the Ngambay. The canton chief, the village chief, the religious officials, and the individual inhabitants should all be taken into consideration during the land occupation and compensation procedures (Section 6.0). Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 4-7 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Figure 4-1: Land Occupation - EEPCI Oil Field Development Area EEPCI declaration of land occupation to Minister of Mines Negotiation with title/customary rights holder |Amicable agreement No agreement Pay compensation in Allow holder to present case front of witnesses (1-4 months) Decree of occupation Determination of compensation If agreed, pay compensation in front of witnesses If not agreed within 6 months, EEPCI pays provisional compensation to public accountant 97-4925-003 Figure 4-2: Land Occupation - TOTCO Transportation System TOTCO land needs to Minister of Mines Minister of Mines transmits to Minister of Finance (45 days) Minister issues order for public inquiry + , ~~~~~~~Negotiations with title/customary | Public inquiry (60 days) lArights holders | Miniser of Mines sends report to Council of Minister Amicable agreement Expropriation Decree (Government acquires land) PAD application Project Approval Decree (PAD) If no agreement, submit to court (maximum 3 (Chad allocates land easement to TOTCO) (30 days) months from + application to | xet submit report (30 days)| Decree)ll |Court renders decision (30 days)| | ~Appeal (15 days)l Compensation paid by TOTCO_ (45 days) 97-4925-002 N 'N~~~~~~~~~~.- -' 'F'.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~WN''V -~~~ 135110000 ~~~~~~~~~~~AREA MEROON~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O SA4 r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;> CHAD "'..""'.' 1(51CE TRA oA E --.-'- - 7~1 N-b.y ---- Mb.- NI ONANGF1dETNC ROP K AMEROON \ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~P ~~~~~N 7'- 4DME &MOR a> 4* LIMUEIAII -'- ..- OslO:~~~~f~ A FIGUR 4-3 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 5.0 COMPENSATION VALUATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL AND HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HELD BY CUSTOMARY RIGHTS 5.1 INTRODUCTION EEPCI and/or TOTCO will compensate for assets and investments, including field labor, crops, buildings, and other improvements, according to the provisions of this Plan. Compensation rates used are based on in-field sociological market surveys and questionnaire data collected. In September 1998 EEPCI and/or TOTCO carried out a market survey, implemented by GEPF, CIRAD and Focus Surveys. The team found that the 1995 labor rates proposed in the 1998 Chad Compensation and Resettlement Plan were still valid. However, the prices for subsistence crops were raised to 1998 market prices. The new rates were used as a basis for the December 1998-January 1999 compensation payments. Before each compensation payment campaign takes place, valuations will be tested and updated as necessary. As discussed in Section 4.2.2, National Domain land will not be paid for. The improvements and investments made by customary rights users of National Domain land will be compensated. With one important exception, all fields and all buildings and structures composing the homestead will be compensated for as outlined in the following sections. Compensation will not be made for any building or field created on a piece of land after notification of its use by the Project has already been given. Anyone who builds on, or farms, this land after notification will do so at the risk of losing their investment. Homestead sites, like fields and bush, are community property. Only the structures on the site belong to individuals. The permanent loss of any homestead site will be covered by village compensation (Section 7.0). 5.2 COMPENSATION PAYMENTS AND RELATED CONSIDERATIONS Individual and household compensation payments will be made in cash, in-kind, and/or through assistance. The type of compensation payment will be an individual choice. FORMS OF COMPENSATION PAYMENTS Cash Payments Compensation will be calculated and paid in the national currency. Rates will be adjusted for inflation. In-Kind Compensation may include items such as building materials, seedlings, agricultural Compensation inputs, and financial credits for equipment. Assistance Assistance may include transportation and labor. Making such compensation payments raises some issues regarding inflation, security, and timing that must be considered. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA 77ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 5.2.1 Local Inflation One purpose of providing in-kind compensation is to reduce inflationary pressures on the costs of goods and services. The EEPCI and/or TOTCO Designated Representative (EDR) can distribute procurement over a wide area, such that inflationary pressure on local markets is limited. In-kind compensation also reduces pressure on nearby bush resources. Local inflation in the cost of goods and services may still occur. Thus, market prices will be monitored within the time period that EEPCI and/or TOTCO is paying compensation to allow the EDR to adjust compensation values. 5.2.2 Lack of Banking Facilities The question of protection, especially for people who will be receiving cash compensation payments, is an area of concern. EEPCI is encouraging the Government and the banking sector to address this issue. Several NGOs counseled compensation recipients before and after they were paid. EEPCI also assisted individuals, who received compensation in taking their compensation payments to the financial institution in Doba, if they so chose. 5.2.3 Location and Timing of Payments The time and place for in-kind compensation payments will be decided by each recipient in consultation with the EDR. In-kind compensation has been ordered by the affected individuals in the OFDA and the pipeline corridor and they are awaiting delivery of their goods. Monetary payments were, and will be, made in relation to the seasonal calendar, ensuring that money is available to recipients before they need to pay for goods and services, e.g., payments for the OFDA and the pipeline corridor were paid in December 1998-January 1999, before the beginning of the next agricultural season. 5.3 COMPENSATION FOR FIELDS Compensation for fields is aimed at providing a farmer whose field is used for Project purposes with compensation for field labor and crop loss. For this reason, and for transparency's sake, a "field" is defined as an area: * In cultivation, * Being prepared for cultivation, or * Cultivated during the last agricultural season (March-November of previous year). This definition recognizes that the biggest investment a farmer makes in producing a crop is his or her labor. May 1999 5-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 A farmer works in his/her fields most months of the year. Even if no crops are growing, the farmer will be busy investing labor to make the fields ready for cultivation. In deciding whether to clear a new field or plant last year's field again, the farmer tries to strike a balance between low yield from overused land and the substantial energy needed to clear a new plot. A farmer can always decide to reuse last year's field until it is too late to sow. The major input for producing a crop is not seed or fertilizer, but the significant labor each year. As a result, compensation relating to a field will cover the market price of labor invested as well as the market price of the crop lost. 5.3.1 Field Measurement The traditional unit of field measurement is the corde, which is a 71 x 71-m square (about half a hectare). Compensation for fields will be paid based on areas no smaller than one-eighth corde. All measurements will be rounded up to the nearest one-eighth corde. Any farmer who is to receive compensation for a field will measure the amount of land for which compensation is due. Because fields are laid out in cordes, a farmer can survey his or her land by finding the midpoints of the sides of the field, determine perpendiculars from the midpoints, and thereby divide the field into one-quarter cordes. The farmer can then repeat this process to determine one-eighth cordes. Use of this method avoids subsequent accusations of mis-measurement or miscalculation of square meterage. Fields were clearly marked out with survey stakes and were measured by using GPS survey equipment and by complying with the land requirements for the OFDA and the 30-meter easement requirements along the pipeline. The data were recorded and converted into AutoCAD, and drawings of each field were generated. 5.3.2 Calculation of Field Compensation Rate All "fields" were compensated using a single rate regardless of the crop grown, except for the cotton fields grown under agreement with Cotontchad. This rate incorporates the value of crops and the value of the labor invested in preparing a new field. Determining compensation using a single rate creates transparency because anyone can measure the area of a field for which compensation is due and multiply that area by a single rate known to all. This approach also allows assignment of values to the previous year's fields (fields in which a farmer has already invested labor that will yield a crop in the current year) and fields that have been planted but have not yet sprouted. Further, it avoids contention over crop density, quality, or intercropping. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT For cotton fields grown under agreement with Cotontchad, the value of the cotton crop will be compensated at the Cotontchad price. The value of the labor invested in preparing the cotton fields will be compensated at the same rate per field as for non-Cotontchad fields. The rate used for field compensation was updated to reflect values at the time compensation was paid. The rates will be again adjusted when compensation will be paid for areas like the well sites (Phase II). The following example, which is based on 1998 data, derives a total value for a one-hectare field from the value of the crops on the land and the value of labor invested in preparing a replacement field. EXAMPLE OF METHOD TO BE USED TO DETERMINE A COMPENSATION RATE FOR FIELDS* (Based on 1998 data. FCFA payments will be revised to reflect crop values and labor rates in effect at time of further compensation.) Item Compensated Basis of Value FCFA/ha Value of Crops Average of the highest 1998 official and 627,856 -Staple Crops x 0.8 market survey field prices per ha of staple -Cash Crops x 0.2 food crops (millet, peanuts, and manioc), plus cash crops (cotton and manioc). Labor Invested Labor costs of preparing a replacement field. 88,000 Total Replacement value of crops plus labor 715,856 *Note: This example assumes a one-hectare field. One hectare equals about two cordes. Crop values will be determined based on: * The value of crops will be calculated based on a combination of staple crops and cash crops. Specifically, the 80/20 ratio of land that a farmer typically has in food crops and cash crops (3 to 4 cordes versus 1 corde) was used to determine the chances s/he would lose a food crop rather than cash crop income (Appendix B). * The value of staple crops was taken as the highest market price reached during the year, in recognition of these factors: - Although most farmers grow staple crops mainly for home consumption, they always have the option of selling these crops to take advantage of the market. - Farmers most often purchase cereals when they have run out, during the "hungry season" when prices are high. Compensating at a lower value might put the individual or household at risk. - Averaging the highest price of staple foods yields a high per ha value that reimburses for the legumes, vegetables, and other foods that are commonly inter-cropped with staples, but are almost impossible to measure for compensation. May 1999 5-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Although the main cash crop is cotton, manioc also brings in cash on the market. The average cash yields per ha in 1998 (yield per ha times the 1998 price) for cotton and manioc were averaged to determine what value should be apportioned to cash crops. * The labor cost for preparing replacement fields is calculated on what it would cost a farmer to create a replacement field. This value is found by adding together the average costs of clearing, plowing, sowing, weeding twice, and harvesting the crop. Compensation will be paid in FCFA. The following table presents an example of a compensation schedule for a one-hectare (about two cordes) field. The FCFA values stated are based on labor rates for 1995-1996, which were found to still be valid for compensation payments made in December 1998 and January 1999. Future compensation will be based on labor rates in effect at the time of compensation. EXAMPLE OF FIELD COMPENSATION SCHEDULE OF PAYMENTS* (Based on 1995-1996 data. FCFA payments will be revised to reflect rates in effect at time of compensation.) I ha Labor in FCFA/ha Activity Month Paid Rate Costlday x number of days Clear March 20,000 Plow May 20,000 Sow May 4,800 Weed May 28,000 Harvest November 15,200 Total 88,000 All agricultural labor activities are included for two reasons. First, because of the need for transparency, all field labor will be compensated for at the same rate. Second, it is difficult to forecast when during the growing season a farmer might need to give up his/her field. Thus, the field compensation covers all investments that a farmer has made. In certain cases, assistance may be provided to field users in addition to compensation payments, for example, if the farmer is notified that his/her land is needed after the agriculturally critical date of March, when s/he will no longer have enough time to prepare another field without help. Assistance will be provided in the form of labor-intensive village hire, or perhaps mechanized clearing, so that replacement field(s) will be ready by the sowing dates. The farmer will still continue to receive his/her cash compensation so that s/he can pay for sowing, weeding, and harvesting. Compensation will be paid by replacing structures such as huts, houses, farm outbuildings, latrines, and fences. The going market prices for construction materials in December 1998 - February 1999 were the same as in 1995. Therefore, at this time, no adjustments have been Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-5 May 1999 CHAD RESE1TLEMENT AND COMPENSA T7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION --VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT made. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will survey these prices for administrative purposes on an ongoing basis, in consultation with the Government of Chad represented by the CTNSC. 5.3.3 Payment of Field Compensation Compensation will be paid to the individual who holds primary rights in the field, i.e., who had the field cleared. This individual will be responsible for settling with anyone else who is farming in that field (defined in Appendix A). The compensation for fields will be paid either in cash or in-kind, or a combination of both, as agreed to by the affected individual or household and the EDR who is implementing compensation. Although some farmers may elect to take cash, there are considerable advantages to in-kind compensation. These include the following: * Grain or other items can be purchased in bulk from more distant markets at lower prices. * The likelihood of robbery or theft of cash compensation is reduced, as is the pressure on recipients to lend out cash or treat other villagers, and the possibility that the money will be mismanaged, * The farmer is relieved of finding means to transport items from the market to his/her village. * Cereal banks can be developed. 5.4 COMPENSATION FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES Compensation will be paid for any building or structure, including fences, outbuildings, or other associated improvements, that is: * Abandoned because of relocation or resettlement of an individual or household, or * Directly damaged by construction activities. For administrative purposes, updates on costs of labor and materials will be done prior to construction. This will have no impact on resettlement options. In-kind replacement or "house for a house" is the basic principle in managing compensation for all buildings and structures. However, due to feedback received during the consultation process, the main dwellings of the affected individual will be replaced with dwellings with tin roofs, if the affected individual chooses this option. Compensation will be paid to the individual who has primary rights in the structure, as defined in Appendix A. This individual will be responsible for compensating any other users of the structure. Exception: Elderly people sometimes occupy houses that become abandoned upon the death of the inhabitant/builder. In such cases, compensation will be paid directly to the inhabitant. May 1999 5-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION- VOLUME 3 There is only a short window of time, from December to March, when an individual can prepare building materials. Anyone who plans to build must respect these dates or procure materials in the open market and hire builders. As a result, compensation will: * Cover either the purchase cost of building materials or provide them in-kind. * Cover labor costs. Buildings, structures, and other improvements will be replaced. Replacement values will be updated before compensation begins and will be based on: * Drawings of individual's homestead and all its related structures and accouterments, * Average replacement cost of different types of homestead buildings and structures based on collection of information on the numbers and types of materials used to construct different types of structures (e.g., bricks, rafters, shooks of straw, doors), * Prices of these items collected in different local markets, and * Estimates of construction labor required. COMPENSATION FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES Buildings and structures will be replaced by an equivalent structure or, on an exception basis, cash and/or credits will be paid based on replacement costs. Item Example House Raw or baked brick Straw or tin roof Varying sizes (small medium, large) Kitchen Open, closed Stables/sheds/pens Cattle, goat, other Coop Chicken Fence Straw/poles (per unit poles & mat), raw and/or baked brick (per 1-m length Private Bathing Latrine Replacement latrines will be similar to those being installed by NGOs currently working on health projects in the area. Open well Hangar/gazebo Storage building Compensation for structures destroyed or abandoned will be in combination of cash and in-kind payments or by cash only. Compensation will be based on the value of the existing structure, but the style and cost of the new structure to be built will be at the discretion of the recipient. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-7 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT For cash only compensation, compensation will be determined by the cost of a replacement structure using current local market prices for construction materials, prefabricated building parts, and construction labor. For cash and in-kind compensation, the recipient will receive the usual cash costs of labor to construct a similar replacement structure, and in addition s/he may request some or all of the materials needed to build a similar replacement structure in-kind. In-kind compensation may assist in: * Reducing pressure on local bush resources by the purchasing of building materials in non- local markets, * Providing an opportunity for the community to earn money by providing the labor needed to complete a structure or by providing building materials (Appendix D), and * Reducing the time pressure on affected individuals to make bricks, gather straw, and build replacement structures. In addition to direct compensation, the owner or inhabitant may reclaim for salvage any materials s/he can. The EDR will arrange, possibly with paid community labor, to move items such as stakes, poles, and any other building materials that can be saved and reused, along with such household items as furnishings, grain, animals, and equipment. The structure owner or inhabitant will agree on a time frame within which salvage and transfer of household effects must be complete. Any latrines lost because of Project activity will be replaced by a latrine similar to those being installed by NGOs currently working on health projects in the area. Anyone who moves because of resettlement will receive a latrine. 5.5 COMPENSATION FOR SACRED SITES Sacred sites include altars, initiation centers, and natural features in which spirits are immanent. Compensation will be negotiated on a case-by-case basis for disturbance of sacred sites and/or movement, including burials. Sacred sites, like village lands or bush, are community property presided over by an individual who acts on behalf of others. This person either has inherited this spiritual charge or has undergone some personal experience that has empowered him to perform rites at the sacred site. Compensation for the site will be negotiated with the individual, as representative of all those whom his/her spirit can affect. Negotiations will be open to anyone concerned, but the individual will make the final decision on compensation. May 1999 5-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 5.5.1 Ritual Sites Depending on the spirit, any number of people can participate in the rites that take place at a sacred site. This must be determined on an individual basis. Some religious powers act only on the individual, who performs his rites for his own sake. Some spirits are powerful enough to affect the "owner's" entire village, or surrounding area. A few rites, especially those concerning initiations or very potent spirits, involve large numbers of people, even whole tribes. Sites such as these raise widespread interest, but it is still the individual who mediates between the populace and the spirit and controls the site. 5.5.2 Objects Spirits may be inherent in objects that can be moved, with appropriate sacrifices and formalities, to another place. Compensation will cover the ritual costs of moving the object. 5.5.3 Locations Some sites are in themselves sacred and cannot be displaced. This will be assessed on a case-by-case basis. If the site cannot be avoided, compensation might include some form of community enhancement to help offset the spiritual loss as resolved through discussions 5.5.4 Tombs and Cemeteries Burial sites are sacred for the family of the deceased only as long as descendants remember who was buried there. Once the individual is forgotten (which happens within two generations), the site no longer has any sacred importance; farmers turning up human remains in long- forgotten tombs treat them with respect but are not impeded from cultivating the land. If individuals remember the location of tombs and cemeteries, the Project will avoid these sites where practical. Otherwise they will be moved if necessary, with compensation paid to the family to cover costs of reburial. Because some sacred sites and burials are often known only to a few individuals, information will be collected during the centerline survey on the location of sites to be avoided, moved, and compensated for (Section 8.0). 5.6 COMPENSATION FOR KITCHEN GARDENS AND BEEHIVES 5.6.1 Kitchen Gardens These are planted with vegetables and ingredients for the daily sauce. Until a replacement garden starts to bear, the family displaced as a result of Project land needs will have to purchase these items in the market. The replacement cost will be calculated based on the Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-9 May 1999 CHAD RESErTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT average amount that an average town dweller spends on buying sauce ingredients for one year per adult or adolescent. In 1995, the cost of each kitchen garden lost was estimated to be 50,000 FCFA (see Appendix A for definition). 5.6.2 Beehives Beehives are placed in various locations in the bush by some individuals that specialize in honey gathering. If such hives would be disturbed by Project activities, the beekeepers can move them, and the bees will adapt to the new locations. Beekeepers will be compensated by the value of one season's production of honey from the number of hives moved. 5.7 COMPENSATION FOR TREES 5.7.1 Mango Trees Mango trees are the primary fruit tree in the Project area and are estimated to account for about 80 percent of all fruit-bearing trees. They are primarily important as a source of: * Subsistence food for families, * Petty market income in some areas, and , Shade. Given their importance to the local subsistence economy, mangoes will be compensated on a combined replacement/market value. Mangoes grown for commercial purposes will compensated at market value based on historical production records. The compensation rate is based on information obtained during a two-week study conducted in January and February 1998 to update information obtained in 1995. Participants included two CTNSC representatives from the Chadian government, an agronomist from CIRAD Research Institute, two COLONG development agronomists, and two EEPCI and/or TOTCO representatives. The study included: * Interviews with agricultural officials, orchard owners, tree experts, mango buyers/sellers, and farmers, * Review of production records relating to production yields of trees (kg) by year for local and grafted varieties of mangoes, * Collection of information on market prices, and * Review of bibliographic sources. The study revealed few systematic data are available on production rates of local Bangui and Maidougouri mangoes. Better, but very limited, data were available on grafted mangoes in the May 1999 5-10 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 region. The latter are highly desired by farmers in the area, because their fruits are larger and their primary production period (depending upon variety) is between June and September, well after the end of the harvest season for local varieties, but the "hungry season" for farmers. As a result they: * Provide an additional source of food to feed families during the growing season, and * Are sold for 70 to 600 FCFA/kg, substantially more than local varieties, which sell for 15 to 25 FCFA/kg during the height of the harvest and about 80 to 100 FCFA/kg near the beginning and end of their harvest season. Although highly desired, extremely limited availability, high cost, and difficulties in transporting grafted saplings to planting sites during the rainy season have limited their adoption in Southem Chad. Another focus of the study was to assess the potential number of mango trees that might be affected by construction activities. The following activities were completed. * Visits to major Project facility sites to assess whether mango trees were growing within proposed facility boundaries. e A windshield survey of much of the road to be improved between the Chad-Cameroon border and Kome to assess the potential for mangoes and other trees to be removed or pruned during road improvements. * Review of 1:1,000 scale air photos of all OFDA sites to assess the presence of large, mature trees in proposed construction areas. Only mature trees are identifiable at this scale. The road to be upgraded for the Project was surveyed in January-February 1999. Based on this review, actual impacts to large mature trees are estimated to be: Fixed facility sites Two trees. Road Without village by-passes: about 970 trees. improvements With village by-passes: about 163 trees located on village fringes. Pipeline Zero trees. This estimate is subject to further changes based on site selection. For information on mango trees, see Appendix E, Table E-12. Interviews revealed families own anywhere from 0 to 15 mango trees, with most households interviewed owning about seven. If households choose to resettle, they will be compensated for the labor invested in the trees they leave behind, because they will continue to own the trees left Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-11 May 1999 CHAD RESEtTL.EMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION-- VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT behind under customary rights. It is not uncommon for individuals to own trees in other villages in which they formerly lived and, in some cases, to continue to harvest fruit from those trees for subsistence purposes and/or sale to traders. If a household chooses to transfer ownership of the trees, transfer costs will be paid in addition to labor costs. Based on the results of the updated study, a compensation schedule for mango trees has been developed. Its goals are to: * Replace subsistence mango production yields as quickly as possible. * Provide subsistence farmers with trees to extend the number of months of the year during which mangoes are produced and can be harvested as a supplemental source of food for their families during their "hungry season." * Provide farmers with the opportunity to derive additional production income from trees bearing more valuable fruits at off-season periods. * Provide cash payments to farmers to replace pre-project income derived from the sale of excess mango production until replacement trees produce the equivalent (or more) in projected cash income. The compensation schedule is based on providing a combination of new grafted and local trees to farmers, as well as cash payments to offset lost yearly income. The schedule assumes the following: Local Mangoes Estimated Avg. Fruit Yield (kg) of Mature Tree 800 to 1,300 kg/year Estimated Yield Used Ten sacks (1,000 kg)/tree/year Market Price, . Height of Harvest Season (March/April) 15 to 25 FCFA/kg . End of season (Late May) 100 to 120 FCFA/kg Price Used As Basis Of This Estimate 80% height of season; 20% end of season Years to Production Six to seven Years to Maximum Production Twenty Cost of Sapling 250 FCFA, locally available Grafted Mangoes Estimated Average Fruit Yield (kg) of a mature 800 to 1,300 kg/year tree Estimated Yield Used Almost entire yield due to market value Market Price, (Varies according to variety) . Height of Harvest Season (June/September) 70 to 600 FCFA/kg Price Used As Basis Of This Estimate Price per fruit or sac (100/kg) as quoted by growers. Years to Production Four to five Years to Maximum Production Eight Cost of Sapling 1,000 to 2,500 FCFA, not locally available May 1999 5-12 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 EEPCI and/or TOTCO Schedule for Mango Trees Cut Down Est. In-Kind Replacement Type/Age of Tree Years For Local Mangoes Credits/Financial Support Sapling 0-1 Deliver to farmer: . 2,500 FCFA Trees planted after . Choice of two mango trees centerline survey in (local and/or improved area will not be eligible grafted) for compensation. . Supplies: fencing to protect tree, a bucket for watering, and a spade Sapling/Young Tree 1-6 Deliver to farmer: . Equivalent of 30,000 FCFA in credits First minor production . choice of two mango trees or other financial support for labor (12-50 fruits occurs (local and/or improved invested in planting, fencing, and about age 4 -5 grafted) watering4, made in one payment. . supplies: fencing to protect tree, a bucket for watering, and a spade Mature Trees - Fruit 6-30+ Deliver to farmer: . Equivalent of 30,000 FCFA in credits Producing . Choice of two mango trees or other financial support for labor (local and/or improved invested in planting, fencing, and grafted) watering. . Supplies: fencing to protect . Equivalent of 520,000 FCFA in tree, a bucket for watering, credits or other financial support, and a spade representing eight years (8 years x 10 sacks x 6,500 FCFA/sack) lost income/subsistence until replacement trees begin production. This rate was agreed to by the mango survey team. Total: Equivalent of 550,000 FCFA in cash or equivalent financial support to be paid in one installment. Mature Trees - Low or 30+ Same as for mature trees * Same as above Non-Fruit Producing above _ No compensation will be paid for minor pruning of trees. Compensation for removal of limbs will be prorated on the basis of the number of square meters of surface area removed. The total surface area of the tree will be calculated using the following formula: (1/2 diameter of canopy)2 x 3.14. 5.7.2 Other Domestic Fruit and Shade Trees These trees have recognized local market values. According to the 1998 market survey, values ranged from 2,000 FCFA to 50,000 FCFA per tree (Table 5-1) depending upon the species and age. The current monetary values of trees other than mangoes will be determined when market prices are updated, and individual compensation will be paid accordingly. For information on domestic fruit and shade trees, see Appendix E, Table E-13. (NOTE: after Project Approval: 4Note: Estimates for watering are based on about 120 days of watering per year at no more than 3 hours per day. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-13 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Trees such as Karite, Nere and Tamarind will undergo a market survey as part of the overall compensation process. Any changes required would be done through the Change Management Process.) 5.7.3 Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees Individual compensation will be paid for wild trees "owned" by individuals, which are located in "fields" as defined by the Plan. The value of such trees has been discussed during public consultation in OFDA villages. The compensation rates agreed ranged from 5,000 to 30,000 FCFA (Table 5-1). For information on wild productive trees, see Appendix E, Table E-14. Note that wild, productive trees belong to the community when they occur in the true bush as opposed to a fallow field. These trees will be compensated for under the umbrella of village or community compensation (Section 7.0). 5.8 COMPENSATION FOR FISHERIES Certain particularly rich fishing areas are considered to be sacred sites. Traditionally, these sites "belong" to individuals who preside over them on behalf of the community. These individuals mediate with the spirits of the stream. They also have the right to build weirs and traps, and may permit others to do the same. Because most Project-related construction across waterways will occur during the dry season, the potential need for compensation associated with fisheries is expected to be minimal. Nevertheless, compensation will be paid as follows: * Any defensibly demonstrated decline in subsistence and market catch will be compensated for based on applicable market rate. * Fishing areas that are 'owned" will be compensated for on a case-by-case basis following the same procedure as for sacred sites. * Weirs and traps will be compensated for at replacement value. * Impacts to community fishing grounds will be addressed as part of community compensation. 5.9 SEMI-SEDENTARY AND TRANSHUMANT PASTORALISTS As discussed in the 1997 version of the Environmental Assessment, no direct impact on herders is anticipated as a result of Project activities. Because no impact is foreseen, no compensation is anticipated. May 1999 5-14 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 The ability of migratory herds to cross construction areas in a timely manner was considered. However, no impact is anticipated for several reasons. Pastoralists and their leaders pointed out that enough alternate passages exist for herders en route to Southern Chad to completely bypass the Nya drainage in the OFDA (Figure 5-1). Depending on rainfall and local conditions, pastoralists often elect to use these alternate routes anyway. Likewise, alternate routes also exist to the CAR and Cameroon. Rather than using routes that may cross the pipeline during the two to three months it will take for construction, transhumants can substitute another trail. In order for herders to avoid construction, they will be notified of the time and place such activities will occur. The Ministry of Livestock, transhumant leaders, and veterinarians have offered to inform herders about the location and types of activities taking place. These individuals feel that these actions will be sufficient, for the essence of the pastoral lifestyle is constant adaptation to changing circumstances.5 Information was gathered on the locations of major transhumant routes crossing the pipeline route. Using this information, TOTCO will construct crossings to permit transhumance access across construction zones where appropriate. If necessary, local workers will be hired to help herd cattle safely across the construction zone. 5 See Environmental Assessment, Chad Export Project, Chad Portion, Appendix B for further detail. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 5-15 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENviRONMENTAL MANAGEMENrPLAN CHAD PORT7ON - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table 5-1 Individual Compensation Rates INDIVIDUAL COMPENSATION Sep 1998 - Jan 99 Item Sub-Category Unit Compensation Value Field foodstuffs & others 1 corde 357,930 Cotontchad cotton 1 corde 119,600 Domestic Fruit Trees Avocado non-productive 5,000 productive 30,000 Banana non-productive 2,000 productive 2,000 Lemon non-productive 15,000 productive 50,000 Guava non-productive 7,500 productive 25,000 Lime non-productive 15,000 productive 50,000 Orange non-productive 15,000 productive 50,000 Grapefruit non-productive 15,000 productive 50,000 Papaya non-productive 4,000 productive 8,000 Shade Trees _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ young 5,000 __ _ _ _ __ _ _ adult [ 30,000 Individually Owned Wild Productive Trees in "Fields" Karite non-productive 5,000 productive 30,000 Nere , non-productive 5,000 productive 30,000 Tamarind non-productive f 5,000 productive 30,000 Mango Trees & 2 saplings & equipment 0-1 year 2,500 & 2 saplings & equipment 1-6 years 30,000 & 2 saplings & equipment 6 + years 550,000 Fishing Equipment Wiers small 25,500 large 49,500 Catch demonstrable loss according to case Kitchen Garden 50,000 Beehive 8,000 Sacred Site _ according to case Buildings & Other Structures Dwellings 7.5 m' Replacement Standard sizes 18 m'i 14 mzi 12 m' Replacement 10.5 m Latrines approved latrine Other Structures replacement "like for like" May 1999 5-16 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..BedjI Eea Deli / tV~> FINAM~ BA w ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MOUNDOU" OILFIEL D DEVELOPMENT ARF EBegada__ Baikoro Kou tatu I'A jMa~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~b 0~~~~N. ChAD Dankarsa -4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~K. f ( 4~~~~s6 CHD Donkas ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 8ki Laramanay~~~~~~~~Bdagr- Jft~ ~tiO/J F ak -f~~~~~~~~~~~~p" A " J- LEGaEND - - -- Intor-t 0-1 Brd-r TrRANSHU MANT - - - - Ppilor- U Vil l.g.SiedooPurt..RS PASTORALIST ROUTES 0 P.t-1 R-W, L.] P.'w"l Wdl, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~DESCENT FROM NORTHl TO SOUTH Des-et f-teNort to Sou~th ChdPoet(NOVEMBER THROUGH JANtUARY) & )Ntet~he tro0h oout L Xtn K 0' uidd hdEpr rjc ASCENT FROM SOUTII TO NORTHI oarw__ Puott-lR.otw,L Mmuuo 10F16 Aru-nt froto Sooth to North DAMES & MOORE FIGURE 5-1 L M.y tiorrogh JolIy) I3loho I-old (02 18-908) THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAD RESErtLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 6.0 INDIVIDUALUHOUSEHOLD COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT 6.1 INTRODUCTION This Section discusses the process by which individuals and households directly affected by the Chad Export Project's short- and long-term land needs will be compensated. The type of compensation to be offered is partially dependent on whether the land is privately owned or belongs to the State (Figure 6-1). In addition, a number of individual and household compensation programs will be offered, associated either with construction of the Transportation System and infrastructure improvements, or with the OFDA (Sections 6.0 and 7.0). Project Component Pipeline/ Oil Field Types of Infrastructure Development Compensation Available Improvements Area Cash payments Yes Yes In-kind compensation Yes Yes Relocation No Yes Resettlement No Yes Improved agricultural No Yes Off-farm income No Yes 6.2 TYPE OF IMPACTS In most cases, Project land requirements will affect only a minor portion of an individual farmer's fields, and/or perhaps some structures will need to be removed. In these cases, the individual will still control a number of valuable assets in the area, and economic viability is not threatened. In this case, compensation will provide for the replacement of fields and structures in different, but nearby, locations -- in other terms, the structures or fields would be 'relocated." If these structures include field houses used during the rainy season this housing will be relocated and the family assisted with moving their effects, as is the case with resettlement. As discussed in the preceding section, individual compensation in such cases will include labor costs and will provide for in-kind compensation. In some other cases, the Project's land requirements might affect all or a major portion of an individual's or household's holdings. If an individual or household does not have enough farmland to remain economically viable after surrendering fields to the Project, they may need to move to a new area. In these cases, individuals and households will become eligible for resettlement, as well as for replacement compensation for lost investments. Instead of Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION- VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT resettling in a different area, these individuals and households may elect to participate in alternative compensation programs that make up for lost farmland, making reseKtlement a last recourse if they so choose. Early projections of the amount of land needed for the Project were used to estimate the number of individuals or households that might become economically non-viable as a result of surrendering land to the Project. The "worst case scenario" would result in everyone who surrendered land to the Project becoming non-viable. In that case, the number of individuals/households eligible for resettlement would depend on the amount of land needed by the Project divided by the amount of land needed for an individual's or household's viability. The amount of Project land divided by the average amount of land in cultivation by an average household was used to set the lower limit6 of individuals/households affected (60 individuals/households). The amount of Project land divided by the usual number of fields cultivated by small households set the upper limit of households that might become non-viable (150). The number of factors make this the "worst case scenario": • It is unlikely that all the land needed for the Project will be in cultivation; * Since most households cultivate in at least two different places, it is unlikely that most households will lose all their land to the Project; * The Project has continued, through redesign, to reduce the amount of land used in the initial calculations (i.e., well sites are smaller) The majority of Project lands was identified during the 1998 Centerline Survey. All pipeline lands were identified and resulted in no resettlement. Blocks of land needed for construction in the OFDA were also identified, resulting in 18 people and their households becoming eligible for resettlement. These blocks equal 42% of OFDA land needs. Land acquired during past exploration activities will be reused for another 10% of land needed, and the remaining 48% will be taken up by drill pads and their access roads. Since each drill pad will take only I corde (1/2 ha.) permanently out of cultivation and these pads will be scaKtered over a wide area, it is unlikely that all of an individual's fields will be affected by drill pads and roads. Fewer people will probably become eligible for reseKtlement as a result of the remaining 48% of land needs than the 18 affected by the initial 42% block. The CRP continues to provide, nevertheless, for a maximum of 150 households. Drill pads and associated access roads can be sited only as the production results of earlier wells become known. Since individual wells (and their 15m. wide access roads) will be sited 6Larger than average land holdings will reduce the number of households even more. May 1999 6-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 over several years, some people will be notified only later during the construction period that their land is needed. To minimize impacts on the affected individuals, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will continue the process that provides as much advance notification as possible and provides compensation in a timely manner. If an individual or household that is not eligible for resettlement decides, because of the loss of a house or homestead, to move voluntarily to a new village (even though s/he remains economically viable), only replacement cost compensation for investments and labor of the resource directly affected by the Project will be paid. The decision to move in this case was a personal decision. 6.3 RESETTLEMENT AND RESETTLEMENT ALTERNATIVES Individuals and households faced with economic non-viability may resettle. People in the Project area have traditionally dealt with lack of land in this manner, but in this case they will have Project help and Project compensation for lost assets. In recent decades, local people have been dealing with problems related to the availability of productive land, increasing pressure on available land, and soil infertility by using less traditional means. The latter include raising soil fertility with farm equipment and inputs, and growing valuable cash crops for money to buy food. Others earn off-farm income to buy food. In line with these efforts, the Plan will advise people eligible for resettlement about two alternatives they may consider making resettlement a last recourse. * Individuals would be provided training in improved agricultural techniques and would receive third-party credits to acquire equipment. Without resettling, they can farm more productively on the land that remains available to them. * People who have some marketable off-farm skills already, can improve these skills by participating in local training programs offered by local organizations. The Plan will pay for tuition (to a maximum of 75,000 FCFA) in a local training program for which they qualify. Credits for the purchase of equipment (maximum 200,000 FCFA) will be provided to individuals. Individuals can use their off-farm income to purchase what they no longer produce. In all cases individuals are compensated for their crops and labor investments and structures. Local people proposed these two alternatives as reasonable and desirable alternatives to resettlement that would help them compensate for the lost production and income on their lost field labor and crops. EEPCI and/or TOTCO recognizes that it will be difficult for individuals and households to choose between alternatives because of their long-term impacts on the economic viability of the Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORTPROJECT household. To assist individuals, households, and communities in making informed decisions concerning compensation and resettlement options, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will designate a representative, or EDR, who will be the facilitator to: * Help people and their villages understand and analyze the individual's situation, capacities, economic circumstances, and future before endorsing a final compensation choice, * Provide as much opportunity as possible for individuals and households to make a wise decision among the various compensation and resettlement altematives available, and * Work with the affected parties during the construction period to implement their choices. In the end, the decision is that of the individual. EEPCI and/or TOTCO cannot be responsible for varying outcomes. 6.4 ELIGIBILITY FOR RESETTLEMENT AND ALTERNATIVES Virtually all Project resettlement will occur in the OFDA. There were no resettlement cases along the pipeline easement, as the pipeline route had been sited to avoid inhabited areas. In addition, the pipeline areas are less densely populated than the OFDA, making it easier for anyone who surrenders land for pipeline construction to find unused land nearby. Further, since work on the pipeline will last only a few months, individual compensation for fields, providing the equivalent of the field's harvest, plus the costs of preparing a new field, will compensate any affected people until construction is finished. Improved agricultural techniques and off-farm income will not be offered as compensation options for impacts associated with the TOTCO Transportation System's infrastructure improvements and pipeline construction. Review of potential land needs indicated that permanent land needs for the TOTCO Transportation System would be extremely limited; most are temporary construction needs lasting less than one agricultural season. 6.5 RESETTLEMENT Resettlement is intended to allow an individual or household to recreate its previous houses, installations, and fields in a new area using the compensation paid for each asset lost. Affected parties may reuse any old materials without detriment to their compensation. Resettlement under this Plan will take advantage of the common experience of self-resettlement so typical of the area. Following traditional patterns, an individual and/or household may elect to: * Join friends and relatives in an already existing village, * Set up a new farming hamlet, or May 1999 6-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Create a new village in conjunction with a number of others who are also resettling. The choice of where to resettle is left to the individual or household, and adequate time will be allowed for the decision. The time frame is addressed in Table 6-1. EEPCI and TOTCO will not decide on the place where people will resettle. Instead, the resettlers themselves will access land in the traditional way and on traditional and customary terms. Not only does this replicate the cultural pattern, but experience from other resettlement projects has shown a higher success rate when resettlers and local authorities carry out negotiations among themselves, without govemment or agency interference. If difficulty is encountered in finding a new piece of land, the EDR may act as a facilitator. If necessary, the next higher level of local authorities will be asked to broker an agreement. For information on resettlement and relocation cases, see Appendix E. People who have opted for resettlement have all decided to join friends and relatives in an existing village. The EDR will provide decision-making facilitation, assistance with logistics, and delivery of in- kind compensation. If notice of Project land needs are given at a time when people cannot complete activities needed to resettle, such as build a house or clean new fields within the traditional agricultural cycle, the EDR will provide, when necessary, land preparation and help in construction and moving through labor-intensive village employment or through other means. People will be paid for resettlement as a result of direct Project activities, but not for future moves. If someone resettles using Project compensation and assistance, and later decides to move someplace else, this is his or her own personal decision and responsibility. 6.6 IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES Rather than moving, individuals and households may decide to remain in their current village, with less land, and through improved agriculture find a source of income by growing higher value and/or higher yield food crops. Local farmers are already interested in growing a number of high-value crops but have difficulty finding seeds. Similarly, many of the farmers are attracted by techniques that slow loss of soil fertility or that raise yield, but they lack the equipment or inputs to implement them. The Project-supported improved agricultural activities in the OFDA should minimize these impediments for impacted individuals. Individuals who choose the improved agriculture option instead of resettling will: * Be taught sought-aftertechniques and ways around bottlenecks that impede production; * Be eligible in the first year for agricultural credits, with which they can purchase agricultural equipment and inputs that will raise yield, so they can achieve the same yield or income as before from less land and maintain that level of production; Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-5 May 1999 CHAD RESE7TLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION --VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORTPROJECT * Receive individual compensation for any assets lost because of the Project. EEPCI and/or TOTCO intends to enter into a contract with an appropriate organization to provide improved agricultural techniques to individuals directly affected by oil field development (Appendix C). 6.7 OFF-FARM INCOME Rather than moving, individuals may decide to remain in their current village and find an off-farm source of income as a means of replacing food and income derived from the lost farmlands. For most, the narrow demand for off-farm products and skills restricts the degree to which off-farm income can provide an alternate source of income for lost land. However, certain affected individuals may feel that their skills and market demand offer sufficient opportunity for them to select this option if they could obtain the tools and materials. Examples of skills and trades that might provide a steady or sufficient source of income to allow an individual to cut back farming are carpentry, tailoring, brewing, and petty commerce. Before offering support to an individual interested in this option, the EDR will facilitate: * The individual's understanding of the potential for off-farm income and the related risks, - Work with the training organization to help assure that the individual understands what is required to succeed. This off-farm support will be implemented through an experienced third-party organization for a term that will extend up to the time that fixed facilities sites construction is completed (Table 6- 1). Six individuals who have chosen off-farm training have requested the following options: mechanics and drivers; cooks and restaurateurs; masons; and truck gardeners. Individuals participating in this program will receive: * Tuition for local skills training programs currently sponsored by various NGOs active in the region, * Low-interest loans for tools such as saws, lumber, and sewing machines, the possession of which may aid in obtaining an apprenticeship with a local artisan, or low-interest loans for materials such as grain, oil, and flour for food service businesses, and * The regular individual compensation for field labor and crops or buildings surrendered to the Project. The compensation they receive for field labor and crops will provide support over the next year. May 1999 6-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 6.8 MONITORING RESETTLEMENT It is expected that, with the assistance provided by the Project, individuals and households choosing any of the resettlement alternatives will make the transition successfully. Nevertheless, the transition period between the time a person becomes eligible for resettlement and the time s/he is economically reestablished will be monitored, as explained in Section 8.0, to evaluate the success of the program. The final evaluation will take place at the end of the first agricultural cycle after completion of the construction of fixed facilities. Traditional self-resettlement occurs frequently in part because it is so easy to reestablish oneself. By the end of the next full agricultural season, most people find themselves in the same position as before. Some are better off. For example, if they now live closer to their fields, they spend less time walking and can spend more time farming. Only those who have settled in a wild area, where they must cut fields in long-term bush, take longer than one year to reestablish themselves. Such fields require great effort and are not as fertile as medium-term fallow in the first year; but by the second year, their yield is much better than any fallow. This is why local people consider resettlement in virgin bush to be the ideal form of resettlement -- for those who have the energy and access to such land. There is every reason to assume that achieving economic stability in Project-related resettlement will take no longer than with traditional resettlement, which is by the next growing season. Replacement compensation will provide the assistance that individuals and households may need to bring resources into production and to reestablish themselves. Resettlers may leam the improved agricultural techniques being taught and will have access to agriculture credits. The chance is greater that those who choose an alternative to resettlement will take longer to reestablish themselves. Some who want to earn off-farm income will have to acquire new skills or get additional training, which will take some time. Farmers trying agricultural intensification will readily apply some techniques as soon as they can get the inputs and equipment, which will soon help raise yield. But other techniques need to be learned, which will take at least one agricultural season. For transparency, those learning off-farm skills and those learning new farming techniques will both receive the set amount for field compensation. This provides enough money to purchase replacement staples for the first year. There is the possibility that newly acquired skills will not bring in enough to replace the yield from lost fields. The EDR will facilitate the choice made by people eligible for resettlement, helping them to analyze their situation, abilities, and market opportunities; however, the final choice is the individual's. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-7 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 6.9 STEPS IN COMPENSATION/RESETTLEMENT PROCESS The compensation process involves several steps, including notification of land/resource holders, documentation of holdings and assets, determination and agreement on compensation, preparation of contracts, compensation payments, and dealing with grievances. Further data are gathered on individuals who are eligible for resettlement or its alternatives, including their economic levels, household and other assets (inclusive of assets not directly affected by the Project), and the household members who need to be resettled. All activities concerning compensation or resettlement will be open and transparent. The village chief, secretary, and elders will act as witnesses to all claims about assets that will be compensated: 6.9.1 Notification As EEPCI and/or TOTCO identifies specific land parcels, the village chief and village inhabitants are notified. They help identify and locate the property users. The user is informed through both a formal notification in writing and, as many people are illiterate, by verbal notification delivered in the presence of the village chief or his representative. In addition, the canton chiefs, village chiefs, earth priests, other elders and individuals who control sacred sites, fishing areas, wild trees, or beehives accompany the survey teams to identify sensitive areas. Decisions about scheduling Project activities and need for land will take into account the critical dates in the seasonal work calendar. In implementing the Plan, the EDR will make every effort to notify individuals and villages of Project activities and land needs in the most expeditious manner possible. * In any construction project, changes are made to schedules. The precise location of wells will be known only over time, as existing well performance is assessed. Decisions on where to drill may come after the ideal time for notification has passed. * Compensation and resettlement activities provide for late notification. Individuals and households can elect a combination of cash to pay workers and buy materials, and materials (to replace what there was no time to make). * The recipient will always receive the compensation regardless of when s/he ceases to use an improvement. 6.9.2 Documentation of Holdings and Assets Village officials and the EDR arrange meetings with affected individuals and/or households to discuss the compensation process. For each individual or household, the EDR completes a compensation dossier containing necessary personal information on: * The affected party and those that s/he claims as household members, May 1999 6-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Total land holdings, * Inventory of assets affected, and * Information for monitoring their future situation. This information is confirmed and witnessed by village officials. Dossiers will be kept current and will include documentation of all lands surrendered. This is necessary because it is possible that an individual will surrender several parcels of land over time and will eventually become eligible for resettlement. All claims and all assets will be documented in writing. 6.9.3 Agreement on Compensation and Preparation of Contracts All types of compensation are clearly explained to the individual or household. The EDR draws up a contract listing all property and fields being surrendered, and the types of compensation (cash and/or in-kind) selected. A person selecting in-kind compensation has an order form which is signed and witnessed. The compensation contract is read aloud in the presence of the affected party and the village chief, secretary, and village inhabitants prior to signing. 6.9.4 Compensation Payments All compensation payments are made in the presence of the affected party and the village chief and elders. 6.9.5 Grievance Procedure The process of land identification requires a series of visits and offers numerous opportunities for individuals to pose their grievances over field measurements or ownership, trees to be affected, sacred sites, etc. It also allows for the individual data survey team and the field survey team to rectify any mistakes. After the contract has been read aloud, the EDR also informs the affected individual/household about the post-contract grievance procedures and time limits for claims to be asserted. 6.9.6 Compensation of Chiefs, Secretaries, and Elders A key commitment of this Plan is that notification, meetings with individuals, agreements, and signing of contracts, and payments associated with compensation and resettlement shall occur in the presence of and/or with the assistance of the village chief, village secretary, village elders, and other officials as warranted. As holders of official positions these personages will be carrying out the obligations inherent in their office -- bearing witness to contracts, providing information about already existing rights and obligations of those they administer, acting in dispute settlement, etc. It is neither the place nor the right of the Project, nor legal under provisions of the Foreign Corrupt Policies Act for the Project to pay officials for performing their official duties. The Project recognizes, however, that with these additional activities, officials Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-9 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT may have to neglect personal tasks in order to fulfill all their official commitments. To compensate for the loss of personal time that could be spent on daily tasks, for each day a chief or notable spends with the EDR on compensation and resettlement activities, the Project will provide him with sufficient funds to hire another to carry out personal tasks in his stead. The daily cost of agricultural wage labor and of other specialists are widely known, but vary with the number of hours worked or with the task accomplished. Therefore the Project will pay 2500 cfa to cover the maximum likely cost per day. May 1999 6-10 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENaVIROINIVEN- 41-11ANAGE1,aENA.ESPLA AlITAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table 6-1 Timing of Compensation and Resettlement Activities Start/ I Activity End EEPCI and/or TOTCO Commitment T Individual/Community Commitment Individual Compensation Start . Beginning of land acquisition . At notification End . One full growing season after fixed facilities completion a Per contract; maximum one full growing season ICommunity Compensation Start . First notification of land need * At notification End . One year after fixed facilities completion * 2 years from start of project activities in community Resettlement Start . First notification of land need . At notification. Fields and structures. Abandon when needed. End . One full growing season after fixed facilities completion . Resettle by April if possible. If project schedule does not allow timely notification, additional support provided. Off-Farm Tuition Start . First notification of land need . At notification End . One full growing season after fixed facilities completion . Within one year of notification Credit Start . First notification of land need . Within one year of notification End . When final student graduates. No more than one year . Credit reimbursable up to one year after fixed after start of course facilities completion or one year after training end, whichever is later Improved Agriculture Training Start * Beginning of land acquisition or before . When training begins End . One full agricultural season after fixed facilities . One full agricultural season after fixed facilities completion construction complete Credits Start . First notification of land need . When training begins End . One full agricultural season after fixed facilities . Credit reimbursable up to one full agricultural completion season after fixed facilities construction completion Grievances Compensation/Resettlement Start . Beginning of land acquisition * At notification End . One full agricultural season after last notification given . One full growing season after notification Damages Start . Beginning of construction a When damages occur End . While damages still visible . While damages still visible Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 6-11 May 1999 Figure 6-1: Compensation Process | Identify type of land tenure l Section 4.2 National Domain Privately owned Section 4.2.1 Pay compensation as per Section 4.2.2 L ~~~~Yes No N o seA \ ser? / \rigIhts \farmer?,ln \ / Xs~~ ~ ~~~er? twer NO Yes Yes Yes Payment of Pay compensation Owner responsible village compensation for investments for payment Section 7.0 Section 5.0 to tenant Agreement Yes Does individual remain complete i economically viable? Appendix B No Note: It is estimated that over 99 percent Select resettlement/ of all compensation paid will be resettlement alternative to customary rights users. Section 6.0 97-4925-004 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 7.0 COMMUNITY COMPENSATION 7.1 INTRODUCTION The Project will pay in-kind community compensation for two types of impacts on communities. First, compensation will be paid as a result of permanent Project land needs which will decrease the overall amount of community farmland and shared bush resources. Bush is valuable both for its resources and its potential as farmland. In the second case compensation will be paid to communities experiencing changes as a result of resettlement of some community members. The purpose of this community compensation is to offset the loss or gain of people in communities with assets that add to the quality of life in the community. The process for community compensation was initiated in December 1998 with the collection of baseline data on village population and infrastructure information. This Section explains how communities become eligible for village-level compensation related to permanent loss of land and/or changes in the community as a result of resettlement. The Section also explains the process by which a community will be involved in selecting the type of compensation. The community as a whole will consider options for village-level compensation, which will be discussed with the EDR as part of the negotiation process. This approach follows the traditional manner of reaching community consensus. 7.2 RESOURCES FOR WHICH COMPENSATION WILL BE PAID 7.2.1 Permanent Loss of Communal Land Project land needs will impact community bush resources and decrease the communal land pool. Bush is a vital economic resource for the community because it provides useful wild trees and bushes, food and medicinal resources, construction materials, and a reservoir of potential farmland. An individual religious figure exercises control of these lands on behalf of the community. Community compensation will be provided to villages experiencing permanent loss of bush resources. Individual compensation covers the loss to individuals in field and labor crops. Community compensation addresses the loss to the community of the right to use the land. A village, which has lost agricultural or bush land, will receive one-time community compensation for permanent loss of customary rights to use land. 7.2.2 Impacts on Community Social and Economic Structure Villages may be affected not only by the loss of rights to the land but also by the loss of taxes, economic and social contributions made to the community by members who leave to resettle. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 7-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD XPORT PROJECT To avoid tensions and to compensate for the loss of productive citizens, villages losing a significant number of people (Ž10 percent) will receive community compensation. Host communities receiving settlers will gain the benefits of additional taxes and the economic and social contributions of new community members, but they will also experience increased pressure on the existing village infrastructure and resources, including bush and farmland. To relieve pressure on their infrastructure and avoid possible tensions, host communities will receive community compensation if they have a significant increase (Ž10 percent) in their population. 7.3 COMMUNITY COMPENSATION TO ALWAYS BE IN-KIND Community compensation will be an in-kind project for a village as a whole. In public consultation meetings carried out during the EA investigation, villages discussed the community improvements that most interested them. These suggestions, plus input from local organizations, are the basis for the list of possible community improvements. Examples of community compensation include: * School building, * Well or pump, * Market place, * Road,ora * Storage warehouse. Each community can select one of these possible compensations. If a village makes another suggestion that would meet an outstanding need, that suggestion will be considered as well. Attempts will be made to avoid duplicating infrastructure development efforts that other organizations are carrying out in the same area. 7.4 ELIGIBILITY FOR VILLAGE-LEVEL COMPENSATION 7.4.1 Loss of Communal Land Villages permanently losing land in the OFDA for construction of fixed facilities sites and/or inconvenienced by temporary construction land loss of more than one growing season will be eligible for a community compensation. 7.4.2 Community Social and Economic Structure Once the EDR has determined an individual's or household's eligibility for resettlement, he will track and record from where and to where an eligible party decides to move. He will also May 1999 7-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSAT7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION- VOLUME3 determine permanent loss of rights in the use of farmland or bush by communities. At the point at which a significant portion of the population (approximately 10 percent of the 1993 census population) has left a village because of Project resettlement or if a village will permanently lose use of farmland or bush, the EDR will consult with the village to assess what impacts have occurred and begin discussions of village compensation. The 10-percent figure is used because it is transparent and reflects a meaningful impact. The EDR will also record where people resettle. When he notes that a village has received a significant number of resettlers (approximately 10 percent), he will begin consultations with the host village on community compensation. Villages that offer a tract of land for resettlers, which would accommodate the 10 percent threshold level for compensation can start the process once the customary transfer of land has occurred. 7.4.3 Village Compensation at the Canton Level Cantons that are impacted by the pipeline will lose access to land in the easement until construction is over and the restored land is returned to the communities. Each canton that is not already eligible for community compensation, in the context of village population changes or permanent land loss, will also receive village-level compensation, to be decided upon by the canton chief in consultation with his village chiefs. 7.4.4 Village Compensation at the Sub-Prefecture Level In addition to those villages directly eligible for compensation as described above, each sub- prefecture will be provided with a village compensation in proportion to the number of impacted cantons within that sub-prefecture. The sub-prefect will consult with his canton chiefs, and through the canton chiefs with the village chiefs to decide on an improvement in that sub- prefecture and its cantons. Moreover, one additional village compensation would be provided at the Logone Oriental Prefecture level. The prefecture and sub-prefects will decide on a village and type of compensation that would best address Project impacts within the Prefecture. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 7-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD POR77ON - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 7.5 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DETERMINING COMPENSATION7 Communities receiving compensation will use the traditional process of group discussion and debate to decide on the type of improvement that the community wants and is capable of maintaining over time and that meets the needs of the most number of people. The community compensation process will provide an opportunity not only for improvement of village infrastructure, but for community development. In the course of deciding on one kind of infrastructure versus another, the community will have to evaluate its needs, evaluate the costs of maintenance, assess its capability to sustain one kind of investment over another, and operationalize the upkeep of the new community improvement. The EDR will facilitate the building of the chosen community structure and promote the development process by which this occurs. The EDR will leverage the experience of other organizations to achieve this infrastructure building and community development. When the construction is complete, community leaders and EEPCI and/or TOTCO will hold a ceremony to formally turn over any new facilities to the community. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will not be responsible for the maintenance of any community improvement. When the broader community is affected, this community will decide on the kind of compensation needed. Various impacts at the canton level are best described by the village chiefs located throughout the canton. They will meet with the canton chief to evaluate where village compensation can have the most positive impact. The canton chiefs will put their observations together with the sub-prefect's understanding of systemic impacts to reach a decision on where best to locate improvements at the canton and sub-prefecture levels. The prefect and sub-prefects will also provide input to a village to receive an improvement at the prefecture level. When consensus has been reached in a community, the administrative head will advise the EDR, who will attend a meeting of the community to discuss the compensation and agree on its implementation. 7 The community compensation program discussed here is separate from the EEPCI and/or TOTCO corporate donations program in which schools, wells, and other public infrastructure improvements have been donated to communities. EEPCI and/or TOTCO may also donate wells, roads, and other infrastructure improvements to local communities when they are no longer needed for Project construction and/or operations. For, example, EEPCI and/or TOTCO may choose to abandon wells from time-to-time. If appropriate, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will donate these water wells to local village committees who agree to assume the responsibility for the wells. As part of the transfer, EEPCI and/or TOTCO would provide one set of essential spare parts, furmish information on the maintenance process; and conduct orientation training. May 1999 7-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 If, at any level, consensus cannot be reached after a reasonable length of time, the EDR will arrange for a joint meeting of all the communities involved to reach resolution. Communities will forfeit their right to the compensation if they fail to reach agreement within two years following the start of construction activities within the geographical boundaries of the administrative unit. EEPCI is reviewing the possibility of working with local NGOs who will assist the communities in the OFDA to decide on the type of infrastructure required by the community. The NGOs will also assist the communities with evaluating the costs of maintenance and in assessing their capability to maintain this asset over time. Discussions regarding local NGO participation are underway. 7.6 REUSE OF TEMPORARILY USED LANDS EEPCI and/or TOTCO will, when appropriate, reclaim for productive use, lands needed only during the construction period. Once the lands are reclaimed, the EDR will make them available to the community originally using the land, recognizing that the community as a whole, has rights to the land use. It will be made clear, both in public consultation and when the lands are returned, what restrictions will apply to the land use. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 7-5 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 8.0 IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING, AND EVALUATION 8.1 INTRODUCTION This Section outlines additional activities completed prior to the Plan's implementation, organizational responsibilities, and monitoring. As set forth in this Plan, selected indicators will be monitored to assess if changes are necessary to provide for fair compensation and resettlement. If monitoring organizations advise Plan modifications, a change management process will be implemented. The purpose of the change will be to realize the basic shared goals and principles explained in Section 1.0. 8.2 ACTIVITIES LEADING TO COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT A number of activities were carried out before compensation and resettlement began. 8.2.1 Public Consultation Program EEPCI and/or TOTCO initiated a formal Public Consultation Program beginning in early 1998 in Logone Oriental and other key locations in Chad to provide information on: * Objectives and plans of the oil development project, * Activities that will occur in Logone Oriental, * Hiring and business opportunities, * Land needs and compensation, and * Environmental impacts. Suggestions made by the local populace, local government officials, and other stakeholders form the basis of the present Plan. They understood that these issues required negotiation and agreement by many parties. Once the Plan became available, they were able to make further comments and suggestions, mainly on the compensation rate for banana trees and upgrading replacement housing. Consultation with the villages affected by the Project has been continuous, as public understanding will facilitate smooth implementation of all the compensation processes. An extensive consultation and public review program was instituted to gain proper understanding of the nature and extent of social and environmental impacts that may result from development of the Project, to seek inputs from the affected public, and to educate and reconcile misconceptions about the Project. Consultation was initiated at the inception of the Project in 1993 and has continued for six years in all areas affected by the Project. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Public consultation and interaction was conducted before and. during the preparation of the Environmental Assessment (EA), environmental management and mitigation planning, and monitoring planning. Coordination and consultation with affected government agencies, non- governmental organizations (NGOs), communities, and individuals has helped identify potential impacts and provided input for project design adjustments. Extensive consultation to locate sacred sites, crop or hunting areas, and other culturally important sites, has taken place. As a result, measures to avoid, reduce, or compensate for these impacts have been incorporated into overall project design and, specific design modifications were made, i.e., size of oil well sites The consultation process for the Chad Export Project is viewed as a long-term undertaking that will be in place for the life of the Project. Since Project inception, multiple consultation methods have been used to accommodate the cultural and geographical diversity of the Project area. Where necessary, the process was adjusted to fit local circumstances. Consultation has been ongoing, has continued beyond public review of the environmental documents, and will continue as the Project becomes operational. 8.2.2 Training and Cultural Awareness Program This program will be run by EEPCI and/or TOTCO for two target audiences: on-site expatriate construction and operations personnel and local villages. 8.2.3 Improved Agriculture Techniques It should be noted that by 31 January 1999, no individuals affected by the Project have chosen this program. They have not chosen this option as an alternative to resettlement for the following reasons: * At first, affected individuals thought that improved agricultural techniques would be in lieu of individual compensation * Affected individuals would generally prefer to be resettled as they would rather not deal with possible nuisances generated by the oil industry * If they select an alternative to resettlement, they still run the risk of being resettled in the future because of the wellsite land acquisition requirements * They do not trust agricultural methods that have been developed by outside organizations and which have not been proven in their region. As a result of the above mentioned issues, EEPCI plans to implement an "improved agriculture techniques" program targeted at all affected individuals impacted by the land acquisition process. EEPCI is in discussions with local NGOs that have expertise in this area to establish a scope of work along with a timetable for deliverables and associated costs. The scope of work may include the training of farmers on the use, maintenance and management of agricultural May 1999 8-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 equipment like plows and carts, as these were two of the items available for in-kind compensation. Other issues which may also be included in the scope of work is the development of farmers' associations, transportation of goods, transportation of fertilizers like manure, and so forth. Once this program is better defined, an agreement will be made with an implementing organization. 8.2.4 Activities in the Oil Field Development Area The following studies have been completed or are underway. Completed: * Identification of land users in locations where facilities are to be sited. * Assignment of GPS coordinates to sacred sites so that final layout and design can avoid as many sites as possible. Negotiations on removal and compensation for any sites that cannot be avoided. Underway: * Administration of individual questionnaires for monitoring in control villages. * Inventory of community infrastructure in villages affected by the Project. * To be completed: * Archaeological survey 8.2.5 Land EasementVCenterline Survey The final pipeline alignment and land easement were determined during the centerline survey in 1998. GPS coordinates were recorded during the survey and reroutings were made around sacred sites. The final route will avoid sociologically and archaeologically important sites, where technically and economically possible. 8.3 ORGANIZATIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Implementation and financing of compensation and resettlement is the responsibility of EEPCI and/or TOTCO. EEPCI and/or TOTCO is the overall manager and has and will continue to contract with other organizations to implement parts of the Plan because of the organization's expertise. For intemal purposes EEPCI and/or TOTCO will monitor activities and implement a change management process. The Government of Chad, World Bank, and Compensation and Resettlement Monitors (see below) will also monitor the compensation and resettlement process. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSAT7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION--VOLUME3 CHAD EXPORTPROJECT 8.3.1 EEPCI and/or TOTCO 8.3.1.1 EEPCI andlorTOTCO Designated Representative (EDR) EEPCI has designated representative responsible for coordinating compensation and resettlement. The EEPCI Designated Representative is responsible for the overall management of activities such as: * Working with village officials to determine who will be affected, * Gathering data on individuals, household membership, and total land holdings and preparing an inventory of improvements, * Preparing compensation contracts, * Arranging for in-kind compensation (calculating needed quantities, purchasing and delivering items), * Transporting goods, services, and people, * Scheduling and paying cash compensation at selected intervals, * Identifying individuals and households eligible for resettlement, * Facilitating the choice between resettlement and resettlement altematives, * Supervising the off-farm income option, * Tracking individual and group resettlement in order to determine villages that are eligible for village-level compensation, * Implementing community compensation, * Monitoring the status of people eligible for resettlement and periodically evaluating and reporting on their standard of living, and * Cooperating with the government and C&RP monitors evaluating compensation and resettlement. The EDR will also arrange for village labor-intensive employment opportunities emphasizing assistance in construction, field preparation, and moving for those who are resettling. These opportunities are described in more detail in Appendix D. 8.3.1.2 EEPCI and TOTCO Agents EEPCI and TOTCO have tendered contracts with local organizations experienced in resettlement or resettlement options. Some of these organizations are currently involved in refugee resettlement programs under the auspices of the United Nations High Commission on Refugees. May 1999 8-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESE1TLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 8.3.2 National Committee for Technical Monitoring and Supervision (CTNSC) This committee oversees EEPCI and/or TOTCO and Chad Export Project activities and provides the day-to-day interface on Project-related technical and social matters, including the Compensation and Resettlement Plan. Its members include representatives from the following ministries involved with the Project: * General Secretariat of the Government * Ministry of Agriculture * Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education and Literacy * Ministry of Communications * Ministry of Environment and Water Resources * Ministry of Public Works, Transportation, Housing, and Urbanism • Ministry of Health * Ministry of Interior, Security, and Decentralization * Ministry of Justice * Ministry of Mines, Energy, and Petroleum * Ministry of Social Action and the Family 8.4 MONITORING COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT EEPCI and/or TOTCO has selected certain milestones in Project implementation as important dates for monitoring to be done. 8.4.1 EDR Milestones The EDR will collect information needed to monitor compensation and resettlement that will be evaluated at certain critical dates and milestones in Project activity. In May, after most resettlers will have transferred, and a month or more before the rainy season compels people to plant or to seek shelter, the EDR will evaluate the status of all contracts and decide on actions to carry out. The EDR will then submit a written report to EEPCI and/or TOTCO on verifiable indicators, plus disbursements. 8.4.2 Compensation and Resettlement Program Monitoring Group EEPCI and/or TOTCO will provide for a Compensation and Resettlement Program group to monitor the Plan's progress at two important milestones: Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION --VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORTPROJECT * Completion of the pipeline Transportation System; * End of the agricultural year following completion of the fixed-facilities construction. This group will consist of representatives from: * CTNSC, * A representative of a non-governmental organization (NGO), * World Bank, * EEPCI and/or TOTCO, and a * Senior Sociologist. 8.4.3 Government of Chad Monitoring . National Committee for Technical Monitoring and Supervision (CTNSC): EEPCI and/or TOTCO works closely with this committee. * Expert Panel: Three international experts hired by the Government of Chad provide independent advice on Project environmental effects. They have reviewed the EA and will review the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and this Plan. 8.4.4 World Bank Monitoring Following World Bank procedures, the Environmental Group, Africa Region, will review the Plan to ensure that it conforms with World Bank Operational Directive 4.30. The Bank will also monitor implementation of the EMP and this Plan. In addition, the World Bank will conduct supervision missions at least once a year (3-4 times a year if difficulties exist) during implementation of any Bank project. The World Bank establishes its own supervision schedule. Table 8-1 summarizes monitoring requirements for any World Bank-funded Project. 8.5 SOCIOECONOMIC MONITORING PARAMETERS This Plan sets two major socioeconomic goals by which to evaluate its success: * Affected individuals, households, and communities are able maintain their pre-Project standard of living, and even improve it; and * The local population remains supportive of the Project. * Women's participation in the Compensation and Resettlement Process. In order to assess whether these goals are met, this Plan: May 1999 8-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 * Indicates parameters to be monitored, * Institutes monitoring milestones, and * Provides resources necessary to carry out the monitoring activities. 8.5.1 Verifiable Indicators and Timelines: Certain parameters, or verifiable indicators, will be used to measure the Plan's performance. This is possible because: * Data collected for the Environmental Assessment established the ex ante socio-economic situation. * Questionnaire data will be entered into a database for comparative analysis. * Each individual will have a compensation dossier recording his or her initial situation, all subsequent Project use of assets/improvements, and compensation agreed upon and paid. * The project will maintain a complete database on every individual impacted by the Project land use requirements including relocation/resettlement, land impacts or damages * Percentage of individuals selecting cash or a combination of cash and in-kind compensation. * Variables influencing selection of in-kind compensation (size of compensation) payment, the types of in-kind compensation. * Proposed use of payments. * The overall fairness of the plan will be assessed by monitoring * The number of contention cases out of the total cases. * The qualitative analysis of disputes (minor or difficult to manage). * The number of grievances and time and quality of resolution. * The monitoring of Permanent Land Use Impacts will include: - Ability of individuals and families to reestablish fields and crops or other alternative incomes. - Agricultural productivity of new lands acquired. - Number of impacted locals in the workforce. - Seasonal or inter-annual fluctuation on key foodstuffs. - General relations between EEPCI and/or TOTCO and the local population. - The EDR will do regular monitoring of the OFDA and pipeline easement. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-7 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADPORTION--VOLUME3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT - The Monitoring Group will do a general review of the OFDA and the pipeline easement within one year of compensation being paid and within 1 year of the resettlement process being initiated. The EDR will provide data for review purposes to the Monitoring Group. Performance indicators will be used to monitor and evaluate the Plan's implementation: VERIFIABLE INDICATORS Monitoring Evaluation Outstanding compensation or resettlement Outstanding individual compensation or contracts not completed before next agricultural resettlement contracts. season. Communities unable to set village-level Outstanding village compensation contracts. compensation after two years. Grievances recognized as legitimate out of all All legitimate grievances rectified. complaints lodged. - Pre-Project production and income (year before Affected individuals and/or households land used) versus present production and income compensated or resettled in first year who have of resettlers, off-farm-income trainees, and users of maintained their previous standard of living at final improved agricultural techniques. evaluation. Pre-Project production versus present production Equal or improved production per household. (crop for crop, field for field). 8.6 RECORD-KEEPING REQUIREMENTS Financial records will be maintained by the EDR to permit calculation of the final cost of resettlement per individual or household. Each individual receiving compensation in the OFDA will have a dossier containing: * Individual biographical information, * Number of people s/he claims as household dependents, * Amount of land available to the individual or household when the dossier is opened, Additional information will be acquired for individuals eligible for resettlement: * Level of income and of production, * Inventory of material assets and improvements in land, and * Debts. May 1999 8-8 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT tCHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Each time another piece of land is used for the Project, the dossier will be updated to determine if the individual or household is being moved to the point of economic non-viability and eligibility for resettlement or its alternatives. These dossiers will provide the foundation for monitoring and evaluation, as well as documentation of compensation agreed to, received, and signed for. A separate village-level compensation dossier for each community in which people are compensated will track Project use in the community. From this the EDR can determine when a community is eligible for village-level compensation. To implement community compensation in home and host villages, the EDR will also record the initial size of home or host villages. He will also note if resettlers' farm hamlets will need wells or roads and arrange for these. 8.7 CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS 8.7.1 Introduction It is normal that some compensation procedures and rates may require revision at some time during the program. EEPCI and/or TOTCO and the EDR will implement any changes through their Change Management Process. The Change Management Process involves feedback from: * Indicators monitored by the EDR to determine whether goals are being met, and * A grievance procedure for the local population to express dissatisfaction about implementation of compensation and resettlement. Feedback will be collected in the following manner: Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-9 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT REVISION OF PROCEDURES Source Response Feedback through the Review and change in response to specific wriiten and verbal grievance procedure grievances. Feedback through informal The EDR's continuous presence in the area will provide many discussions, gossip, and opportunities to listen to any and all discussions related to the village meetings population's reactions to compensation and resettlement. Feedback through formal The EDR will meet periodically with village and canton chiefs to meetings discuss how activities are proceeding and note any complaints made in these meetings and encounters. Monitoring of inflation in the The EDR will periodically monitor local inflation in the cost of goods cost of goods and services and services in order to keep compensation rates in line with local prices. Suggestions from monitoring The EDR reports twice yearly on his activities. The independent organizations monitors will carry out a "mid-term evaluation" after the Operations Center is complete. The World Bank does supervision. The CTNSC will monitor as the Govemment of Chad feels appropriate. 8.7.2 Grievance Procedures for Compensation and Resettlement The primary channel through which people can state grievances concerning non-fulfillment of contracts, levels of compensation, or seizure of assets without compensation, will be the EDR. At the time a compensation contract is signed, affected individuals will be informed of the process for expressing dissatisfaction and seeking redress. The grievance procedure is flexible and open to various proofs because many people are illiterate. All complaints can be addressed to the EDR either in writing or in person (if the individual is accompanied by the village chief or village secretary as a witness to the individual's claim). In the local cultures it takes people time to decide that they are aggrieved and want to complain. Therefore the grievance procedures give people up to the end of the next fuli agricultural cycle after surrendering assets to set forth their case. It is common in this area for people to reach agreement and then later for one party to question whether s/he has been treated fairly. To minimize the feeling of unfair treatment, transparency has been built into the compensation and resettlement process so that people can see that everyone has been treated fairly. If s/he can calculate his or her own compensation, s/he will be more likely to recognize the process as fair. Legally, since compensation is paid only after agreement, the value of the settlement cannot be appealed. It would be unrealistic to expect, however, that local people will not register grievances about compensation. Therefore, such claims will also be evaluated. May 1999 8-10 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORT7ON - VOLUME 3 All attempts will be made to settle grievances. The EDR will consult with the village chief and elders and other records to determine a claim's validity. If valid, appropriate compensation will be paid. If the EDR cannot reach an agreement, the matter will go to the canton chief for resolution. If agreement has not been reached within a full growing season after the complaint is lodged, any outstanding compensation will be provided according to this Plan's formula and the matter will be closed. 8.7.3 Grievance Procedures for Damages In addition to grievances about compensation, it is likely there will be complaints about damages, for example, if a backhoe inadvertently runs over someone's crop in a field not marked for Project use. In these cases the complaint should be registered with the village chief and EDR while the damage is still visible. 8.7.4 Implementing Changes in Compensation and Resettlement If a complaint pattern emerges, the local EEPCI and/or TOTCO representative and EDR will discuss possible remediations. They may also seek meetings with appropriate local officials and canton chiefs to request advice concerning the need for revisions to procedures. Once EEPCI and/or TOTCO and canton chiefs agree on necessary and appropriate changes, then a written description of the changed process will be made. EEPCI and/or TOTCO and the chiefs will be responsible for communicating any changes to the population. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will use the same procedure for implementing changes agreed upon with monitoring organizations such as CTNSC, the World Bank, and independent monitors. 8.8 MAKING RECLAIMED LANDS AVAILABLE TO COMMUNITIES Lands used for construction and drilling will be reclaimed using mechanisms such as topsoil conservation, surface texturing, scarifications, or active revegetation. Once reclaimed, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will announce via the village chief when a piece of land is ready to be reused by the local community that had customary rights over it. In cases where a pipeline is buried, there will be some restrictions on how the land can be used. For example: * Only crops that do not interfere with the normal operation and maintenance of the pipeline can be grown. * No buildings can be constructed over buried pipelines. * EEPCI and/or TOTCO may need future access to reclaimed land made available for community use. * Burials Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-11 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSAT7ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -'VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT 8.9 FINAL EVALUATION 8.9.1 Compensation and Resettlement Plan Monitors C & RP monitors will evaluate the Plan at the end of the first agricultural cycle after the construction of the fixed facilities has been completed. If the C & RP monitors find that an unacceptable number of households have been unable to maintain their former standard of living, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will identify appropriate remedial action and advise the Government of Chad. 8.9.2 World Bank Project Completion Report The World Bank will complete their final evaluations according to their own schedule. 8.9.3 EEPCI Review As part of its review system, EEPCI and/or TOTCO will audit the Plan. 8.10 OPERATIONS-PHASE COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT The compensation, resettlement, and monitoring discussed in this Plan will continue until one year after the completion of Chad Export Project's fixed facilities. During the operations phase, EEPCI will reevaluate reservoir performance and may, from time to time, drill new wells to optimize production. Since some land will be needed for drill pads, additional compensation and perhaps (though unlikely) resettlement will be necessary. During the operations phase, the principles and practices of this Compensation and Resettlement Plan will be used for any compensation or resettlement required. As the limited ongoing land needs are identified, individual land holders will be identified, notified, and compensated. EEPCI and/or TOTCO, having retained all compensation records, will assess if an individual has become eligible for resettlement. Agents will be retained on an as-needed basis to assist in the management of any additional compensation and, if necessary (though highly unlikely), resettlement. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will have a representative assigned to carry out these activities. If disputes occur, individuals may register a grievance through the end of the following agricultural season. May 1999 8-12 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORT7ON - VOLUME 3 Table 8-1 World Bank Monitoring Requirements Operational Directive 8.70, Project Monitoring and Evaluation The Bank "supervises" or monitors Bank projects. * Monitoring and evaluation are included in all Bank-funded projects. * Monitoring provides continuous feedback on implementation. * Monitoring identifies potential or actual successes and problems as early as possible. * Interim evaluation identifies project design problems. * Final evaluation assesses project effects and sustainability. Operational Directive 13.05, Project Supervision When the World Bank provides financing, it supervises: * Progress in all major aspects of its project, * Significant deviations from the original project plans, * Steps taken to get project back on track, - Compliance of the borrower with legal covenants agreed with the Bank, * Management performance of those implementing the project, * Procurement progress, and * Environmental aspects. Operational Directive 13.55, Project Completion Reports A project completion report is prepared at the end of each project evaluating: How well the project achieved its objectives, * Factors affecting project implementation, * Project sustainability, * Bank and borrower performance, and * Assessment of outcome. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc 8-13 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX A CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 APPENDIX A GLOSSARY OF TERMS Adult A man or woman old enough to pay taxes, whether or not he or she actually pays them. Affected Individual An individual who suffers loss of assets or investments as a result of the Project and to whom compensation is due. For example, an affected individual is a person who farms a field, or who has built a structure, in an area needed by the Project. Affected Household The people whom an affected individual declares ought to join him or her in resettlement. This provides for: * vulnerable individuals who may be too old or ill to farm along with the others, * opposite-sex relatives who cannot reside together because of cultural rules, but who depend on one another for their daily existence, * opposite-sex relatives who may not eat together but provide housekeeping, sexual, or productive services critical to the family's maintenance, and * other vulnerable people who cannot participate for physical or cultural reasons in production, consumption, or co-residence. In the local culture, members of production, consumption, and co-resident groups form overlapping, often incongruent sets of people who may exchange domestic or sexual or farming services on a regular basis even though living separately. Resettlement will not be limited to people who live together in a co-resident group, since this might leave out people whose labor contributions are critical to the functioning of the 'household." For example, many wives have separate homesteads. An opposite-sex parent and child cannot live together, due to social proscriptions, even though the child is often the parent's main support. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc A-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTPLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Bush Both uncultivated areas and fields once cultivated, but over which no individual retains cultivation rights. Canton A small administrative division; sub-prefectures are divided into cantons. FCFA The African Financial Community Franc, the currency of former French colonies in West and Central Africa. Cleaning Preparing a field cultivated last year for this year's crop by chopping down small trees and bushes and burning this vegetable matter once it is dry. Clearing Preparing bush for cultivation by ringing large trees with fire or ax, chopping down small trees and bushes, and burning this vegetable matter once it is dry. Community A community is either a geographically independent group of people who reside together, or a group of people who are subject to administrative control as a village, canton, sub-prefecture, or prefecture. Community Compensation Compensation granted because the community: - holds rights over areas/structures needed by the Project, = must adjust to changed circumstances, either a loss of productive/taxpaying citizens because of resettlement; or a population increase due to resettlement, resulting in pressure on the community infrastructure; or • has given up an area for a farming hamlet or new village of incoming resettlers. Corde A field is cleared in cordes, an area 71 m x 71 m. Directly Affected Canton Cantons of Bero, Kome Ndolebe, and Miandoum, where the oilfields are located, and those of Bero, Bessao, Gadjibian, Mbassay, Mont de Lam, and Timberi where the pipeline will be built. Economic Viability See Appendix B for additional information. May 1999 A-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 EDR Esso Designated Representative. The agent selected by EEPCI and/or TOTCO to oversee the implementation of compensation and resettlement. EEPCI Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. Fallow Fields cultivated more than a year ago, whose cultivator has the right to reuse the area, or whose cultivator is known to the village chief or elders. Farming Hamlet A group of individuals/households who create a new settlement in bush owned by a village, or on unowned bush, but who pay taxes to a village chief in another village. Field An area in cultivation, being prepared for cultivation, or cultivated in the last agricultural season (March- November of last year). Homestead A group of houses and related structures. House A building in which people live or sleep. Household A "household" consists of the individuals designated by the affected party at the time the EDR first gives notice that an asset is needed by the Project. Improvements Fields, buildings or structures, and domestic trees. Individual Compensation Compensation paid for an asset or improvement (cultivated field, structures in the field, protected trees, house, etc.) to an individual to replace a lost field or structure. Individual Eligible for Individual An adult male or female who surrenders agricultural Compensation fields they themselves are farming, protected trees, or a structure to which they have primary right. The exception is a person inhabiting a structure built by someone now deceased; the inhabitant will receive the compensation necessary to replace the structure. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc A-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Individual or Household Eligible Individuals and households are eligible for resettlement for Resettlement if, having lost fields worked this year or last, they do not have enough area from other fields, fallow [girum or bour, in the local languages], inherited land [ndouba], bush, or from relatives and friends in the same area to remain economically viable. Investments Fields, buildings or structures, and domestic trees. Kitchen Garden Vegetables, useful and medicinal plants, sometimes tobacco, cultivated over a small surface area either inside or just outside the fence around the house. Creeping plants use the fence and roof of the house to grow. Very few gardens are any larger than 30 square meters because the garden surface area is linked to the number of people living inside the fence which is rarely more than six. When a household exceeds six, it has a tendency to divide in two, each with its own garden. Land Easement An area nominally 30 m (100 feet) in width used to accommodate access to the operation and construction area for equipment needed to install the pipeline. Oil Field Development Area The "Three Fields" area in Cantons Bero, Kome Ndolebe, and Miandoum in Logone Oriental. Pastoralist An individual who belongs to a social organization based on livestock-raising as the primary economic activity. Prefect A senior administrative officer who heads the largest regional administrative unit, the prefecture. Primary Rights Rights created by building a structure or initially clearing and/or farming an area. If primary rights have been transferred, the village chief and members will testify as to who now holds these rights. Loss of primary rights as a result of the Project will be compensated. Project The Chad Export Project. Project Area The Sub-Prefecture of Bebedjia, the cantons of Bessao, Gadjibian, Mbassay, and Mont de Lam in Baibokoum Sub-Prefecture, and Timberi in Gore Sub-Prefecture, where the Operations Center, well sites, parts of the pipeline, and upgraded roads will be located. May 1999 A-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Relocation Building of new houses or structures, or clearing new fields within the same village because of losses to the Project. Individual compensation will be paid for buildings or fields, but relocating within the same village does not qualify for resettlement. Resettlement Moving from the village of residence to another village or a farming hamlet because of direct Project needs for land that impact economic viability. Residual Rights Rights that can be exercised after the death of the holder of primary rights. A community that holds rights in fields is eligible for community compensation. Secondary Rights Rights of temporary usage granted by the person who cleared fields or built a structure. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will not compensate holders of secondary rights. They must arrange for compensation directly with the holder of primary rights. Three Fields The Kome, Bolobo, and Miandoum oilfields. Transhumants Individuals who transfer their livestock from one grazing area of the country to another with the changing seasons. TOTCO Tchad Oil Transportation Company. Transportation System The pipeline for the transportation of hydrocarbons. "Transportation System" means that portion located in the territory of the Republic of Chad. Vulnerable Individual or An individual or household who, for whatever reason, Household has a lower than average capacity to retain his/her standard of living during Project activities, or recover his/her former standard after being affected by the Project. World Bank A financing and development institution aimed at promoting the economic growth and social welfare of its member countries. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc A-5 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX B CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 APPENDIX B ELIGIBILITY FOR RESETTLEMENT INTRODUCTION The eligibility requirements for resettlement are based on the socioeconomic data gathered for this Plan. Other research provided additional information. CIRAD-CA, a branch of the International Center for Agricultural Research and Development-Annual Crops, located in Bebedjia, Logone Oriental, contributed material on land management in southern Chad. The National Office for Rural Development (ONDR) collects information on agricultural development in Chad, including the southern zone which encompasses the Project area. CIRAD's data confirmed baseline socioeconomic findings. The data developed for this plan was more complete for fields in cultivation than the CIRAD information, but the CIRAD study on need for fallow time was more extensive. ONDR data's usefulness was limited, since most relevant data was collected in the mid-1 980s. ECONOMIC VIABILITY AND NEED FOR RESETTLEMENT Economic viability in the present agricultural system requires both: * Land in production, and * Access to additional land for replacement fields when current fields with low fertility are put to fallow. A farmer who does not have access to enough land to cultivate and leave fallow and leave fallow is not economically viable. For purposes of this Plan, the criterion for determining economic viability has been set so that a farmer becomes eligible for resettlement when s/he has surrendered land to the Project and no longer has the minimum amount of land needed for cultivation and fallow. Vulnerable households were looked upon as a special subset in considering economic viability. Any particular needs not covered by the definition of economic viability are covered by other provisions of the Compensation and Resettlement Plan. Definition of Economic Viability An individual who has access to less than 2/3 corde of land (both cultivated and fallow), for each person s/he declares as a member of his or her household, is eligible for resettlement. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc B-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA TION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -'VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT SOCIOECONOMIC DATA ANALYSIS Data analysis looked at the answers that economically active adults gave about their farming activities in 1994 and 1995 and the amount of land at their disposal. All 581 questionnaires were analyzed by two sociologists and a bio-statistician. Data collected on 1995 farming activities were analyzed first, 1994 information second, and the results were compared. No significant variation was found in planting patterns between the two years. The analysis included: OVERALL FARMING CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Findings Total land under cultivation . Table B-1 summarizes total land under cultivation without regard to (Table B-1) household characteristics. Most farmers (about 60 percent) cultivate less than five cordes. Almost all farmers cultivating more than five cordes grow cotton. Ratio of field to fallow . There is an important relationship between amount of land under (Table B-2) cultivation and fallow available, since fallow is a critical component in the farming system. . The usual ratio of fields to fallow is about 1:1, however, small farmers have far more fallow land (about 1:2.3). For every cultivated field the Project might need, most farmers have other land they can easily put into cultivation, reducing potential Project impacts. . The more land a farmer has in cultivation (more than 7 cordes) the less fallow s/he was likely to have (about 1:0.5). Thus, these farmers do not have enough fallow available to them to return their present fields to fallow and still continue to farm the same amount of land. These farmers, who constitute 18 percent of the sample, are over-exploiting their land. . Depending on each plot's soil type and other peculiarities, medium- size farmers, who constitute the majority, are barely maintaining soil fertility at 1:1, according to CIRAD. Only the smallest farmers (16 percent of the sample) are giving fields the amount of time needed I to fully recover fertility. LAND USE PATTERNS BASED ON HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Findings Differences Based On Type Men Usually Cultivate More Land than Women Of Household (n=468) An important difference between male and female-headed .. Married male, wife does households. Using the mode as a descriptive statistic: not cultivate her own fields . Males cultivate 4 to 6 cordes. (30 percent of sample) * Females cultivate 2 to 3 cordes. . Married male, wife Female Farmers Are Numerous cultivates her own fields Though women cultivate less land, it is also important that: (47 percent of sample) a Sixty percent of women in the sample cultivated their own fields. . Unmarried males (10 . When a woman has her own fields, she also has primary percent of fields) responsibility for the daily care and feeding of her own children and * Unmarried female (13 other dependents (such as orphaned relatives) even though she percent of sample) may be farming fewer cordes of land than many men. May 1999 B-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADEXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION- VOLUME 3 LAND USE PATTERNS BASED ON HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Findings Ten percent of women living independently did not farm in 1995; they eamed income from other sources and/or depended on relatives for gifts of staple foods. [This will be important in determining economic viability. Although the criterion of 2/3 corde per person will be used to determine eligibility for resettlement, the EDR will remain open to other factors affecting eligibility. It is also an important reason for affected individuals, to define household composition. Women dependent on others may not necessarily live with those who are contributing to their suppoit, but may need to move at the same time as their benefactors do in order to retain their support. Land Per Dependent Characteristic Findings Amount of Cultivated Land . Each individual was asked how many dependents they supported. Needed Per Dependent Past field experience has shown that men whose wives help them in the fields will report their wives as dependents. Women who farm on their own will not report their husbands as dependents. To determine the amount of cultivated land needed per person the amount of land each respondent reported as cultivating in 1995 was divided by the number of dependents plus one. . The analysis indicated: - Only five percent of farmers (all women) cultivate less than 1/3 corde per person per household. - More than two-thirds (69 percent) of farmers cultivate between 1/3 and 3/4 corde per person per household. - No men cultivate less than 1/3 corde per person per household. NEED FOR RESETTLEMENT Most farmers in the OFDA area support themselves and their households on 1/3 corde of cultivated land or more for each person in their household. Only five percent of households, all headed by women, are farming below this level. According to CIRAD, a 1:1 ratio of cultivated land to fallow is needed to maintain basic soil fertility, in which case about 2/3 corde of land (the sum of cultivated plus fallow land) would be needed per person per household. As illustrated in table B-1 small farmers (cultivating less than two cordes) have a ratio of about 1:2.3 cultivated to fallow land. Most medium size farmers cultivating between 2 to 6 cordes and maintain a ratio of about 1:1. Large farmers are over-exploiting the land and have little fallow. This information indicates a farmer with a combined total of 2/3 corde of cultivated and fallow land per household member is at least marginally viable in the present farming system. A farmer who has access to less than 2/3 corde of land for each member of his or her household will probably need to resettle where more land is available. However, the farmer has Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc B-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT two alternatives. S/he can take advantage of improved agricultural techniques to increase the yield per 1/3 corde and reduce the need for fallow. Or the farmer can use income acquired through skills learned in the off-farm option to supplement meager production from insufficient land. VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS Vulnerable households may have different land needs from most households or needs unrelated to the amount of land available to them. Quantitative information was collected on types of households considered particularly vulnerable to economic changes on the basis of field observations. Other provisions of the Compensation and Resettlement Plan provide contingencies for some of the vulnerabilities shown in the following table. But as the table indicates, the hedge against poverty for small farmers, both male and female, is the amount of fallow land at their disposition. If the Project needs too much of their fallow land, small farmers will be without protection. The Plan's definition of economic viability therefore takes the particular vulnerability of these households into account by addressing the amount of land farmed and in fallow. VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS Type of Household * Other Protection Economic Viability Must Cover Unmarried women Definition of household No Field compensation Non-farming females Definition of household No Elderly Definition of household No Small male farmers Lots of fallow Yes Small female farmers Lots of fallow Yes Field compensation - These household types are not mutually exclusive: e.g., an elderly woman may be an unmarried (widowed) woman and a small female farmer. Unmarried women. These women may be dependent on sons, brothers, or others for support. Since an affected individual is able to name the person with whom s/he is linked in dependency as part of the household, resettlement will not sever this link. Non-farming females. Ten percent of women living independently were not farming at all in 1995. They earned income from other sources and/or depended on relatives for "exchanges" of staple foods. Since they do not farm, they will not be affected by Project need for agricultural land. If a building of theirs lies on land needed by the Project, they will receive replacement cost compensation. If someone on whom they depend is resettled, they are protected because the resettler can name them as part of the household. Elderly. Elderly people farm as long as they are able. Their economic viability does not depend on how much land they farm or how much they produce because, by producing even May 1999 B-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETrLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORTPROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 small amounts of food to "exchange" with others, they can subsist on the cooked food and generous return gifts of cereal from people such as their kin and neighbors. Losing land to the Project will not affect their economic viability. They will have cash or in-kind replacements to exchange. For future production they need access to only a small parcel of land. What would damage their economic viability is resettlement that separates them from the person or household on whom they depend for their support. The definition of household by including dependents avoids this. Small male and female farmers. These farmers who farm smaller plots tend to have a large number of dependents in comparison with people who farm larger amounts of land. This tendency is even more strongly marked for the few small male and female farmers who do not cultivate cotton. All these people are in a marginal situation. The Project's criterion for economic viability, by taking into account the amount of land per person, provides for these vulnerable households. Small female farmers are vulnerable because they may not have men available within the household to carry out male-specific field preparation tasks such as ringing trees. Either male relatives in other households help them voluntarily, or they hire men for cash, beer, or food. Field compensation specifically includes the labor costs of preparing a new field, so these women are provided for by the Plan. RECORDING DATA ON ELIGIBILITY When an individual first loses a piece of land, a compensation dossier will be opened and include information such as the number of people directly dependent on the individual, income, and amount of land: * At the individual's disposition at the time, * S/he has in cultivation at the time and the types of crops, * In cultivation last year (significant differences may require further inquiry), and * To which the person has claim but is not using. If, upon surrendering land for EEPCI use, the individual has less than 2/3 corde of land (cultivated and fallow) per person in his or her household, that person's situation will be closely monitored. If the piece of land is used and returned before May of the next agricultural season, the individual can always farm the same piece of land again. If not, an individual who meets the criterion can consider resettlement or one of its alternatives. Should an individual give up one piece of land then subsequently give up another, the amounts will be recorded to determine if the person has become eligible for resettlement. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc B-5 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table B-1 Number of Cordes in Cultivation NUMBER OF FARMERS CULTIVATING N CORDES Cordes Observations From to N=476 % All Farmers Cumulative 0 1 23 4.8% 4.8% 1 2 51 10.7% 15.5% 2 3 59 12.4% 27.9% 3 4 78 16.4% 44.3% 4 5 72 15.1% 59.5% 5 6 45 9.5% 68.9% 6 7 39 8.2% 77.1% 7 8 25 5.3% 82.4% 8 9 33 6.9% 89.3% 9 10 11 2.3% 91.6% >10 40 8.4% 100.0% Table B-2 Ratio of Fields to Fallow RATIO OF FIELDS TO FALLOW Fields in Cultivation Ratio (Field/Fallow) 1 <2 2.29 2<3 1.27 3<4 1.13 4<5 1.07 5<6 1.18 6<7 0.86 7<8 0.89 8<9 0.56 9<10 0.48 10+ 0.51 May 1999 B-6 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc APPENDIX C CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 APPENDIX C IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES IN THE OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT AREA INTRODUCTION Most individuals and households potentially eligible for resettlement are located in the cantons of Bero, Kome, and Miandoum. Project land needs are greatest in these cantons and will increase pressure on village lands. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will provide villages in the OFDA whose lands are impacted by the Project with training in improved agriculture. Individuals who are impacted and choose to learn improved agricultural techniques rather than resettle will receive training and financial credits for agricultural equipment and inputs, during the first year they are eligible, to increase agricultural yields on their remaining lands. Training will be done in the villages. EEPCI and/or TOTCO will purchase elements of a suitable on-going agricultural program from a Chad-based organization and have that organization administer the program on behalf of EEPCI and/or TOTCO. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON AGRICULTURE IN SOUTHERN CHAD * The Chad Office for National Rural Development (ONDR) and other organizations have worked to improve and intensify agricultural production in the OFDA and similar agricultural areas in Southern Chad. * Cotton yield per hectare has doubled since the 1960s. * Everyone who can buy an ox plow does so. * Farmers want to grow improved cotton, not just for cash but for the residual effect of chemical fertilizers (available only to cotton growers) on next year's cereal crops. However, agriculture has stagnated because: * Few apply chemical fertilizers to food crops or use other soil enrichments such as manure or cottonseed cake. * Most fields are poorly prepared by hand hoe rather than plow. * Not only is the quality of hand-weeding sub-optimal for plants but, because farmers often lack enough household labor to weed on time, the plants do not receive maximum benefit from the labor invested. * Farmers use seeds produced from their ancestral stock, not improved varieties. * Only a few farmers grow peanuts, sesame, or cereal instead of cotton, and then only when driven to it by factors such as lack of cottonseed or rains that fall past cotton's sowing date. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc C-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA7TON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTON - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECr A variety of factors have impeded Chad's attempts to improve its agriculture: * Repeated destruction, during warfare, of agricultural equipment acquired only with heavy investment, * Poor roads and lack of transport, which keep farmers from getting cash or other crops to market (except for cotton, which is purchased and transported by a government parastatal), * Illegal internal road barriers, * Fictitious international tariffs, * Lack of rural credit except for the best cotton farmers, * A practically non-existent extension network in most rural areas, * A continuing emphasis on cotton as the only crop worthy of improvement, * Farmers' inability to acquire seeds for altemative cash crops or improved food crops, and e Farmers' inability to slow the continuous decline of soil fertility in a shifting agriculture system that is rapidly running out of available land. The Government of Chad has recently attempted to improve the situation by: * Increasing farm-gate prices, v Revising international tariffs and devaluing the FCFA to make export more appealing, i Decontrolling the trucking industry, * Improving customs offices' efficiency, and * Ruling against illegal barriers, taxes, and tariffs. OFDA IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES Farmers in the OFDA will need to adopt techniques to increase yields if they are to farm on less land. There is a strong likelihood that farmers will adopt such techniques if they can learn them and can get the necessary materials and equipment. Local farmers are already acutely conscious of: * Low yields from less fertile fields, * The demand for certain cash crops in markets that are inaccessible because of transportation problems, and * Their inability to acquire enough quality seeds for marketable crops such as peanuts. May 1999 C-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Many local farmers are already seeking access to equipment, supplies, and information on the application of new techniques (see Table C-1) including plows, carts, corps butteurs (which protect and aerate a plant's roots), cottonseed and peanut cake,8 and chemical fertilizer.9 They are eager to use improved techniques but lack the funds -- either agricultural credits or cash crop income -- to acquire equipment or inputs. Add to this interest the Government's efforts to improve the farmers' situation, the improved access to markets that Project road upgrades will allow, and the striga-resistant strains of sorghum (the principal staple crop) that the research institute CIRAD has developed, and the likelihood of success is increased. Lessons learned from agricultural programs implemented in similar or nearby areas will be applied. Other successful agricultural programs have shown that farmers will: * Readily adopt modifications of techniques already in use. * Improve farming when they receive more value from their cropl0 through improved market access (which the upgraded roads will provide). * Adopt techniques that fit with their specific needs or have already been adopted by others, and about which others can give advice. In nearby areas farmers' associations are being formed to spread news of their positive experiences. With the Delegue Technique, which has been employed successfully in the Prefecture adjacent to the Project area, intensively trained local farmers chosen by their villages leamed how to apply a few simple improvements in their own fields and provide advice to neighbors. 8 Cottonseed Cake: Farmers in areas towards Miandoum, where soil fertility is lowest and pressure on fallow highest, want fertilizer but cannot afford it or obtain it. Even if farmers could buy fertilizer they would not use it on food crops because the increased yield does not cover their increased costs, especially if food crops are grown for home consumption. Farmers can afford cottonseed cake (1250 FCFA/sack) relative to the increased yield it gives of food crops. Buying cake is not easy. Cash payment is required by the ONDR agent who is not easily found, but must place the large minimum order required by Cotontchad. Cotontchad is usually too busy delivering cottonseed to deliver cottonseed cake in time. 9 Fertilizeres cost to the farmer in 1995 was increased by a 20 percent tax: 5 percent customs fee and 15 percent business tax. 10 In World Bank terms: Primary emphasis should be given to measures that will assist in raising the value of farm products at the farm gate. Examples include: (a) improved road access, (b) elimination of marketing bottlenecks and unnecessary controls and costs, and (c) widening the range of economically and technically viable land use options such as cultivation of new crops and raising of new livestock (Lusigi & Buursink, 1994. Sahel Operational Review: Status and Lessons Learned, World Bank). Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc C-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHADPORTION-VOLUME3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT * Be reluctant to give up their usual techniques for new ones they have not seen at work. In some cases making new techniques fit with farmers' established ways makes adoption more likely. - Farmers who own agricultural equipment make more money by renting the equipment out than by increasing their own crop yield. Less productive farmers, if they could obtain equipment, could put their energy into renting it out rather than farming. - Farmers prefer to fallow simply by abandoning a field instead of planting an anti-erosion cover crop or a nitrogen-fixing fodder crop that animals can browse in the first year of fallow. Farmers see no need to expend time and money for a crop they cannot eat or that will not earn them money. If the Project and newly opened markets increase demand for animals, fodder cover crops may become desirable. - Farmers apply less than optimal dosages of fertilizer and pesticides, only slightly improving yields, because if crops are poor they are exposed to little financial loss. A balance can be reached between financial exposure and the amount applied, especially if less expensive soil additives and Integrated Pest Management are used. - Few people are willing to give up bush fires for clearing fields." Farmers use controlled bruming of leaves and brush to clear fields being reused and controlled ringing of big trees to kill them. Uncontrolled burning of bush occurs when farmers are first clearing long-fallow brush; the fire is uncontrolled and adults and especially children use the opportunity to hunt for field mice and other small animals. The Project would benefit if farmers were taught to use bush fires in a positive and controlled manner, instead of simply being forbidden to burn, as they are at present, to no effect. Controlled buming would lessen the danger of fire to all concerned. * Promotion of markets for cash crops other than cotton. Farmers have already demonstrated a willingness to switch cash crops. In 1993 and 1995 they produced sesame in response to demands from private business. However, these opportunities need to be promoted, and seeds, especially peanut seeds, need to be readily available. * Improved delivery of inputs and equipment. Many inputs arrive after the date needed, or the optimal use date. Farmers who have received lump sums of money for their cash crops often use the money piecemeal while waiting to pay for equipment or inputs they have ordered. In the end they can no longer afford to pay for them. Transhumant herders set fires in low-lying areas along watercourses to promote the revegetation of fresh grass. These fires should not pose much danger to the Project, since most facilities will not be built in areas that can be flooded. On the other hand, herders also set fires in the bush to clear out the undergrowth so their herds can move more easily. This sort of bush fire can be minimized only by the institution of official couloirs de transhumance, defining corridors along which herders travel with their animals, thereby limiting the areas where such buming occurs. May 1999 C4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table C-1 Improved Agricultural Techniques IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES OFDA Farmers Technique actively seek or Local research has Successful are interested in been successful projects elsewhere Animal traction X X X Compost Not yet tried X X Fertilizing of trees X X X Strip cultivation X X Striga-resistant sorghum' Not yet tried X X Crop rotation3X X Improved seeds X X X Substitute cash crops X Not yet tried X Fodder crops 14 Not yet tried X X Rented equipment X Not yet tried X Cover crops for fallow Not yet tried X X Realistic program of fertilizer and x x x pesticides application Controlled burning Not yet tried X Non-food legumes Not yet tried X X Improved delivery of inputs X Not yet tried X X = Experiments have been successfully conducted using the technique. * Fits well with techniques presently employed. 12 Striga is a parasitic plant that attacks sorghum and millet growing in poor soil. 13 Legume crops are commonly grown, but farmers plant them in a cycle intended to deal with declining fertility leading to fallow rather than to retard or reverse the decline. 14 Crops like beans and peanuts whose leaves serve as fodder are commercially grown as food, but the fodder is seen only as a by-product. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc C-5 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX D CHAD RESETTLEMENTAND COMPENSATION PLAN ENWRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 APPENDIX D VILLAGE AND INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES INTRODUCTION The availability of jobs was one of the major concerns voiced by local villages during public consultation. Jobs will be made available through two avenues. First, through regular Project hiring procedures and, second, in the form of labor-intensive village employment opportunities. PROJECT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIVIDUALS Project hiring procedures are discussed in detail in the Environmental Assessment and Environmental Management Plan. The reader should consult these documents for additional information. Table D-1 summarizes these opportunities. LABOR-INTENSIVE VILLAGE EMPLOYMENT There will also be labor-intensive village employment opportunities. These employment opportunities are not a form of individual or community compensation. Village employment will be managed through a third party organization, and payment will be made to villages as a whole or to village organizations. The compensation will be paid in cash or in-kind. This employment may address some of the issues associated with compensation and resettlement implementation. The EDR and EEPCI and/or TOTCO Agents may utilize labor-intensive village employment to complete work needed in a short period of time. This is an efficient solution to compensation and resettlement scheduling and labor demands that has a positive benefit for the rest of the village as well. Labor-intensive village employment will be possible only in locations where appropriate jobs exist. Nevertheless, these jobs will offer wider economic opportunities than individual direct hires by the Project or Project contractors. Examples of labor-intensive village jobs include: * Jobs on community compensation projects, * Resettlement jobs, * Late notification compensation jobs. Villages can be hired, for example, to clear the right-of-way when a new village of resettlers needs an access road. Resettlement and late notification jobs are particularly appropriate for labor-intensive village employment. If someone has received late notification that an already prepared field is needed by the Project, or that a building will be removed, new fields can be cleared or a structure erected in a short time with the cooperation of village members. Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc D-1 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION -VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Villagers can be hired to provide assistance such as making bricks or sewing a new straw roof. If a family has decided to resettle and needs to remove all its effects to its new home, the villagers can cooperate in moving their neighbor to the new site. If the family members are settling in an area where they will have to clear several new fields, the farmer, rather than doing all the clearing himself, can call on the village to spend several days in communal labor to accomplish this task. Labor-intensive village jobs replicate standard community cooperation. The only difference is that traditionally the recipient of the aid pays for a feast, or salt, or wages for everyone who participates. In this case the Project would provide the funds to the village or recipient. Labor- intensive village jobs will be managed by the EDR through a third party. May 1999 D-2 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN EN0VIlRONIMENTAL M.ANA,GEMENT PI-AN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 Table D-1 Individual Employment ISSUES/IMPACTS . Job availability for Nationals. . Fairness and transparency of the Project's recruitment and hiring process. . Equitable distribution of jobs. . Transition to longer-term maintenance and operations jobs that are substantially fewer in number versus development phase jobs. . Availability of suitable banking services to Project workers. PROJECT DESIGN FEATURES MITIGATION PLANS MONITORING PLANS GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES . Conformance with-the Conventions . During both phases of the Project: . During both phases of the Project: . During both phases of the Project: regarding the provision of fair - Reasonable distribution of Project jobs - Establishment of a monitoring system - Assist EEPCI and/or TOTCO in employment opportunities to Nationals among qualified Nationals, giving to track Project worker hiring and disseminating information concerning and implementation of a training and priority to local citizens of communities performance. Project-related job opportunities and recruitment plan. most affected by the Project. . During the development ohase of the terms of employment. . Design of the recruitment and hiring - Creation and compilation of lists of Project: - Issue documents and permits processes for the development and local candidates eligible for - EEPCI and/or TOTCO surveillance of necessary for employment, in operations phases of the Project to be employment from communities most Contractors' hiring practices. accordance with applicable as fair and open as possible. affected by Project land needs. regulations and laws. - Preparation and implementation of - Establish or assist in establishing local Regional Awareness Programs banking and savings facilities if they detailing job opportunities for are not available in locations where residents. Project workers are paid. - Preparation of development and - Review EEPCI and TOTCO's Training operations phase Employment Plans Plans which identify long-term job outlining procedures to meet stated skills needed by the Project as employment expectations and submitted. contract specifications. - Encourage and fund skills - Acceptance of job applications only at . development and training programs to Project offices in designated cities and produce individuals suitable for hire by towns. the Project, if not already available. -Verification of location of permanent residence for Project workers. - Encouragement of the development of local banking services for Project workers at locations where they are paid if not already available. - Provision of additional short-term employment opportunities to individuals directly impacted by the Project. ... continued Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc D-3 May 1999 CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSATION PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD PORTION - VOLUME 3 CHAD EXPORT PROJECT Table D-1 Individual Employment (continued) PROJECT DESIGN FEATURES MITIGATION PLANS MONITORING PLANS GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES - Development of training and employment opportunities as a possible option to resettlement through a facilitated process as set forth in the Chad Export Project, Compensation and Resettlement Plan. During the operations phase of the Project: - Institution of an Employment Management System similar to that used during the development phase featuring: + hiring strategies for each skill level, + use of a database to record and track Project worker information. - Initial recruitment of workers from qualified individuals engaged in the construction of the Project's permanent facilities. - Provision for the expatriate proportion of the workforce to diminish over time as Nationals acquire specialized technical and managerial skills and expertise. Development Phase Notes * In Chad, the average construction workforce may total about 3,000 individuals (about 2,000 Chadians and 1,000 expatriates). * All construction jobs will be temporary in nature, the duration of which depends upon: a) site location, b) whether the construction site is fixed or moving [i.e., pipeline], c) Project personnel requirements, and d) employee skills. - Fixed sites such as the pump stations and oilfield-area facilities require about one to two years to construct. Skilled positions will be available for various durations of time depending upon construction schedules and needs. Most unskilled positions will be available only during the dry season and will range in duration from several days to several months. A small number of unskilled positions may be available for the duration of the construction period. - Pipeline and infrastructure construction are estimated to require two years to complete using mobile work crews. For these moving work sites, skilled personnel assignments will be of longer duration, typically from three to 18 months depending upon personnel requirements and the mobility of skilled personnel. Most work will be done over two dry seasons during which the majority of the unskilled labor jobs will be available. The unskilled labor jobs will last for several days to several months. This is a function of the amount of work in each area and the distance to efficiently transport local residents to and from work daily. - A limited number of personnel from the construction workforce, depending upon skills and Project requirements, will transition to longer-term maintenance and operations jobs. These employment opportunities will consist of a cross section of job classifications. Operations Phase Notes * In Chad, the EEPCI and/or TOTCO operations and maintenance workforce will total about 550 individuals (about 66 percent Nationals over the life of the Project). * A limited number of personnel from the construction workforce, depending upon skills and Project requirements, will transition to longer-term maintenance and operations jobs. These employment opportunities will consist of a cross section of job classifications. May 1999 D-4 Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc APPENDIX E CHAD RESETTLEMENT AND COMPENSA 77ON PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CHAD EXPORT PROJECT CHAD PORTION- VOLUME 3 APPENDIX E SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT ACTIVITIES AS OF FEBRUARY 1999 Table E-1 Status of Resettlement Alternatives, Resettlement and Relocation Dossiers as of January 20, 1999 Table E-2 Options Selected by Households Eligible for Resettlement Table E-3 Resettlement by Relocation Table E-4 Summary of Individuals Needing to Relocate Houses Table E-5 Summary of Land Acquired and Compensation Paid for Crops by Village (OFDA - PPE) Table E-6 Individual Questionnaire (Visite) Table E-7 Individual Questionnaire (Concession - Habitation) Table E-8 Individual Questionnaire (Construction -1) Table E-9 Community Compensation Table E-10 Community Compensation (Infrastructure Communautaire) Table E-1 1 Example of Completed Individual Compensation Dossier Table E-12 Number of Mango Trees Compensated Table E-13 Number of Fruit and Shade Trees Compensated by Village Table E-14 Number of Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees Compensated by Village Chad CRP Eng 05-05.doc E-1 May 1999 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Table E-1 Summary of Resettlement and Relocation Dossiers as of 20 March 1999 RESETTLEMENT AND RELOCATION Total No. Households Eligible: 39 Reason Resettlement (land of farm land) 14 Reseftlement and Relocation 4 Relocation (housing demolished) 21 Total No. People Eligible 39 Construction Resettlement 1 Relocation 21 Resettlement and Relocation 4 Sub-Total 26 Training l Resettlement 5 Relocation 0 Resettlement and Relocation 1 * Sub-Total 5 * * NB: 1 person not added in grand total; already included under 4 houses to construct Replacement Land Available Resettlement 8 Relocation 0 Resettlement and Relocation 0 Sub-Total 8 IGrand Total 39 Eeng-1 .xis Tabie E-2 Households Eligible for Resettlement RESETTLEMENT Total No. Households Eligible: 18 Reason Resettlement (lack of farm land) 14 Resettlement and Relocation 4 Total No. People Eligible 18 Construction Resettlememt I Beboto ID0086 Mbai-Elpi Marguerite I Resettlement and Relocation 4 Bero 2 I D001 0 Wadingar Andre Bero 2 ID0011 Boumde Pascal Bero 2 ID0012 Nadjihorbe Victor Bero 2 ID0026 Yalbar Bardo Sub-Total 5 Training Tr Resettlement 5 Bero 2 ID0035 Ndigal Veronique Bero 2 ID0037 Daindilem Clement Dildo ID0098 Dingamtombaye Ngamdoussou Madjo ID0114 Ngarndiguim Marcel Kome Sat 100105 Menodji Faustine Resettlement and Relocation I Bero 2 0IDOO10 Wadingar Andre 1 Sub-Total 5* * NB: 1 not added to grand total; already included under 4 houses to construct Land Available Resettlement 8 Bero 1 ID0024 Beal Gustave Bero 2 ID0029 Djadnan Pierre Bero 2 ID0052 Raadoumadji Valenri Bero 2 ID0053 Djimhotem Frangois =____ Dildo I D0065 Madjingar Rigobert Dokaydilti iD0079 Ndodene Martine Ngalaba ID0120 Dojilar Madjibe Ngalaba ID0123 Kemndola Monique Sub-Total 8 TOTAL 18 Eeng-2.xls Table E-3 Land Data of Households Eligible for Resettlement LAND DATA OF HOUSEHOLDS ELIGIBLE FOR RESETTLEMENT . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ TtIb .__ -- _- No. ssier Name First Name Total No. Cordes Original Present Cordes/ Present No. No. ID Name First Name Cordes Surrendered Household Household person to Resettlement Option Location Moves to by Resettler Size Size resettle 1 0075 Mbai-Elpi Marguerite 2 1.75 2 2 0.13 resettlement Dildo Beboto 2 0035 Ndigal Veronique 3 2.625 9 8 0.04 training cook Bero 2 reste 3 0037 Daindilem Clement 8 6.25 12 12 0.15 training mechanic Bero 3 reste 4 0087 Dingamtombaye Ngarndoussou 9 4 16 16 0.31 training mason Dildo reste 5 0102 Ngardigium Marcel 8 2.25 9 12 0.64 training gardener Madjo reste 6 0105 Menodji Faustine 4 2 6 5 0.33 training cook Kome Satan reste 7 0010 Wadingar Andre 24 13.25 17 17 0.63 training mechanic Dodangti Bero 2 8 0011 Boumde Pascal 11 6.625 8 8 0.55 relative's land Dodangti Bero 2 9 0012 Nadjihorbe Victor 7 6.125 5 5 0.17 relative's land Dodangti Bero 2 10 0026 Yalbar Bardo 5 4.625 6 7 0.06 relative's land Dodangti Bero 2 11 0029 Djadnan Pierre 11 7.875 8 10 0.39 relative's land Dodangti reste 12 0079 Ndodene Martine 3 1.375 8 9 0.2 relative's land Dokaydilti reste 13 0120 Dojila Madjibe 4 0.375 7 8 0.52 relative's land Ngalaba reste 14 0123 Kemndola Monique 3 1.5 6 6 0.25 relative's land Ngalaba reste 15 0024 Beal Gustave 6 2 10 10 0.4 bush Bero 1 reste 16 0052 Raadoumadji Valeri 5 0.375 8 9 0.58 bush Dodangti reste 17 0053 Djimhotem Francois 5 3.25 12 12 0.15 bush Bero 2 reste 18 0065 Madjingar Rigobert 7 1.625 11 11 0.49 bush Dildo reste Eeng-3.xls Table E-4 Households Eligible for Relocation HOUSEHOLDS ELIGIBLE FOR RELOCATION No. Dossier Name First Name Total No. Present Moves to _ No. ID Cordes Location 1 0001 Teintam Louise 4 Dodangti Bero 2 2 0004 Nodjingar Mathias 11 Dodangti Dildo 3 0007 Nadjihombe Mbaissig 2 Dodangti Bero 2 4 0009 Djimassal Jean 8 Dodangti Bero 2 5 0013 Koulangar Sylvain 10 Dodangti Bero 2 6 0014 Peumgar Michel 5 Dodangti Bero 2 7 0015 Mbaihoroum -Elie 7 Dodangti Bero 2 8 0016 Ngamoudjibe Rene 6 Dodangti Bero 2 9 0017 Peuryo Francois 3 Dodangti Bero 2 10 0019 Nadjiadjim Poitoloum 8 Dodangti Bero 2 11 0028 Poitoloum Daniel 7 Dodangti Bero 2 12 0038 Djimtoloum Jechonias 7 Dodangti Bero 2 13 0039 Ngaryaloum Albert 2 Bayande Dildo 14 0043 Ndouba Bertran 9 Bayande Dildo 15 0044 Nadjidjim Emile 10 Dodangti Bero 2 16 0061 Kossadim Philippe 12 Bayande Dildo 17 0064 Ngarsoual Gilbert 8Bayande Dildo 18 0126 Togngar Gaston 8 Dodangti Bero 2 19 0587 Djimrangar Justin 5 Bayande Dildo 20 0588 Banta Jonas 7 Dodangti Bero 2 21 0028 bis Madjipi Josephine 7 Dodangti Bero 2 Eeng-4.xis Table E-5 Summary of Land Acquired and Compensation paid for Crops by Village (Land-OFDA-PPE) Sous-Prefecturel 1 - ~~~~~~~~~~Number of Dossiers Actual Land Surface Requirements Land Surface Sou-Pefetu Cnto Vllae FD PPIE Inr- Total __ F_A__PPE_infrastructures___ Total _Compensated I ~ ~ ~~~~~I Istructure M cods M. cordes M' cordes M' cordes mz cordes Batbokoum Balbokoum-Urbain Combattant ___0 3 0 3 0 __ 0 3594 0.71 0 0 3594 0.71 5041 1.000 __________ ______________ b ivers 0 1 0 1 0 __ 0 564 0.11 0 0 664 0.11 630 0.125 _______________Kabba 0 0 1 1 0 __ 0 0 0 4297 0.85 4297 0,85 6041 1,000 __________ ______________Kato I 0 ___1 0 1 0 __ 0 2856 0.57 0 0 2856 0.57 3151 0.625 __________ ______________Mbaldogolo ___0 ___0 5 5 0 __ 0 0 0 18712 3.71 18712 3.71 20794 4.125 __________ ______________Mbogomian 0 ___ 0 I 1 0 0 0 0l 432 0.091 432 0.091 630 0.1251 _________ _____________ Mbou 0 ___5 0 ___ 0 __ 0 6448 1.26 0 0 6448 1.281 8192 1.625 Mboum It 0 3 0 3 0 __ 0 6877 1.36 0 0l 6877 1.361 10082 2.000 Sara ___0 ___0 4 __ 4 0 __ 0 0 0 26892 5.331 26892 5.331 27726 5.600 Totail _________0 13 11 24 0 __ 0 20339 4.03 60333 9.981 70672 14.021 81286 16.126 Mbayssaye 861aboko 0 ___9 0 9 0 __ 0 6532 1.30 0 01 6532 1.301 10082 2.000 _______________Bingo _ __0 _ _ 6 ____0 6 _ _ _ 0 _ _ 0 8545 1.70 ____0 0 8545 1.70 11972 2.37_5 _______________Bitoye I ___0 __ 7 ____2 __ 9 0 __ 0 13484 2.67 3000 0.60 16484 3.27 19534 3.875 Bitoys II11_ 0 __ 4 ____0 __ 4 0 __ 0 1580 0.31 ____0 ___0 1580 0.31 2521 0.500 __________ _______________Gorro _ __0 _ _ 7 ____0 7 _ __ 0 _ _ 0 8379 1.66 0 0 8379 1.66 10712 2.125 __________ ~~~~~~~Koumao ___0 __ 1 ____0 1 ___ 0 __ 0 1622 0.32 ____0 0 1622 0.32 1890 0.375 ___________ _______________Mbayssaye __ 0 35 ____0 35 ___ 0 __ 0 52490 10.41 ____0 ___0 52490 10.41 67423 13.375 Mbikon6 ___ __ 5 ____ 5 ____0 __ 0 65351 1.30 ___0 ___ 6535 1.30, 8822 1.750 _________ ~~~~~ ~~Mboh ___0 __ 4 __ 0 4 ____0 __ 0 4711 0.93 0 ___0 4711 0.93 6301 1.250 __________ ~~~~~~~Mboura ___0 __ 5 ____0 5 ___ 0 __ 0 7527 1.49 ____0 0 7527 1.49 9452 1.875 ___________ ~~~~ ~~Ngot ___0 4 ____7 1 1 ___ 0 __ 0 3654 0.72 44722 8.87 48376 9.60 52300 '10.3751 ___________ ~~~~~~Sakara 0 13 ____0 13 ___ 0 __ 0 17658 3.50 ____0 17658 3.50 23315 4.625 ___________ ~~~~Total 0 100 9 109 ___ 0 __ 0 132717 26.33 47722 9.47 180439 36.79 224325 44.600 _ _ _Mont de Lam DibalI 0 21__ 2 _ _0 0 0 0 _ _0 0 0 0 0 0.000 _____ ~~~~~~~Total!_ __ 0 2 0l 21 0 0 0 l 01 0l 0 0 0 0.000 Total 0 116 20 _1351 0 0 153056. 30.361 980551 19.4611 2511111 49.811 306611, 60.G62 B4b6dJia B4ro B6ro 1 4 0 ____0 __ 4 _____ 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.000 136ro 11 51. 4 ____0 655 __ 0 0.00 17473 3.47 0 0 17473 3.47 0 0.000 Dokatdilti 101 0 0 10 ____0 0.00 0 0 0 0 ____0 0.00 0 0.000 ________ ~~Madjo 2 0 0 __2 _ _0 0.00 0 0 0 0 _ _0 0.00 0 0.000 __________ ______________Mbanga 0 16 0l 16 ____0 0 41881- 8.31 0 0 4`1881 8.31 0 0.000 _______________Ndaba Dilde 38 3 ol__ 41 ___ 0 0.00 77501 1.54 ____0 01 7750 1.541 0 0.0001 Total ______ 105 23 ____0 128 ___ 0 0.00 67104 13.31 0 0 67104 13.31 0 0.000 Kom6 86b~ddia __1 0 _ _0 1 _ _0 0.00 _ _0 0 _ _0 __0 _ _0 0.00 0 0.000 ___________ _ _____________ 86gada _ __0 17 ____0 17 _ __ 0 0 37611 7.46 ____0 _ _ 0 37611 7.46 0 0.000 ________ 8~~61a 1 7 0 __ 0 7 _ 0 0.00 __ _0 0 _ _0 __0 __ _ 0.00 0 0.000 __________ _______________ Bolobo_I ___ 0 31 ____0 31 _ __ 0 0 68777 13.64 ____0 _ _ 0 68777 13.64 0 0.000 _______ __________ ~~Danmadja _ _3 0 0 ---0 3 b_ _ 0.00 ___ _ 0 __ _0 _ 0 _ _ 0 0.00- 0 0.000 __________ __ ____________ Kayaral __ _0 15 ____0 1 5 _ __ 0 0 35849 7.11 0 0 35849 7.11 0 0,000 __________ ______________ Kom6 _ __5 __ _7 _ _ 0 1 2 __ _ _0 0.00 19962 3.96 _ _ 0 __ _0 19962 3.96 0 0.000 __________ ______________Matnani ____ 6 0l 6 ___ 0 0 13818 2.74 0 0 13818 2.74 0 0.000 ___________ _______________ Mayongo 0 8 ____0 _ _ 8 _ __ 0 0 30270 6.00 0 0 30270 6.00 0 0.000 ___________ _______________Moukassa 0 6 ____0 6 0 0 22827 4.53 0 0 22827 4.53 0 0.000 Totel Is_____ 1 90 ____0 106 ___ 0 0.00 229114 45.45 01 0 229114 46.46 0 0.0001 ______Miandoum Ngalaba 5 0 0 5 0 0.00 0l 0 0 0l 0 0.001 0 0.0001 _____ ~~~~~~~Total __ _ 0 0 5. 0, 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.0001 Total ~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~126. 1113 0, 2391 0 0 2062181 50.76 0 0 9618 5.76 0 0.0001 Eang-S.xis Table E-5 Summary of Land Acquired and Compensation paid for Crops by Village (Land-OFDA-PPE) 1 _ Number ofDossiers _ _ Actual Land Surface Requirements __Land Surface Sous-Pefectre Caton Vllage OFDA PPE nfa Total OFDA PPE Infrastructures Total____ Compensated __________ _______________ I I ~~~~~~~strIucture mz ICordes cordI3~ est m cordes m' cordes nl cordes Bessao Bessao B0kao-Ferme 0 2 ____0 2 ___ 0 0 5592 1.11 0 __ 0 5592 1.11 6301 1.250 ______________BOkao I 0 10 __ 0 10 ____0 __ 0 19116 3.79 0 ___0 19116 3.79 23315 4.625 _________ ______________ BMae 11 0 14 ____0 14 ___ 0 __ 0 53767 10.67 0 __ 0 53767 10.67 0 0.000 Bembar 0 2__ 0 2 ____0 __ 0 7905 1.57 __ 0 ___0 7905 1.57 6192 1.625 __________ ______________Bessao 0 32 6 38 ___ 0 __ 0 44346 8.80 14745 2.93 590911 11.72 737251 14.625 _____________ Dodtangl I 0 3 0 3 ____0 __ 0 140501 2.79 0 ___0 14050 2.79 16363 3.250 Gamadji 0 23 0 23 ___ 0 __ 0 48447 9.61 ____0 ___0 48447 9.61 59232 11.750 Laoukoye Mass 0 5 0 __ 5 ___ 0 0 22553 4.47 ____0 0 22553 4.47 24575 4.8751 ______________Laoukoye Toun 0 1 0 ___1 ____0 __ 0 459 0.09 0 0 459 0.09 630 0.125 Mabi 0 1 0 0 1 0 ____0 __ 0 27094 5.37 __ 0 ___0 27094 5.37 33397 6.625 Sao 0 4 0 4 ____0 0 6604 1.31 0 0l 6604 1.311 8192 1.625 Total ______ 01 10G G 112 ___ 01 0 249933 49.58 14745 2.931 264678 52.511 263941 60.375 ______Gadjiblan 136gon I 01 6 01 6 ___ 01 0 246561 4.89 ____0 0 24656 4.89 0 0.000 __________ __ ____________ 6gon 11 0l __ _ 0 _ _ 5 _ _ _ 0 0 15321 3.04 __ _ _0 __ _0 15321 3.04 0 0.000 __________ ______________ E9uelka 0 8 0 _ _ 8 _ __ 0 0 24043 4.77 0 0 24043 4.77 0 0.000 _________ _ ______ ________ Gadjibian 0 _ _ 1 0 _ _ 1 _ _ _ 0 0 8636 1.71 __ _ _0 __ _0 8636 1.71 0 0.000 _________ _ ______ ________ Kouloulou _ __0 _ _ 7 _ __ 0 _ _ 7 _ _ _ 0 0 26217 5.20 __ _ _0 _ _ 0 26217 5.20 0 0.000 _________ _____________ Mempon __ _0 __ _2 0 2 __ _ _0 0 5188 1.03 _ _ 0 _ _0. 5186 1.03 0 0.000 __________ __ ____________ Tours I __ _0 _ _ 5 0 5 _ _ _ 0 0 13764 2.73 __ _ _0 __ _0 13764 2.73 0 0.000 ______________Toura II __ 0 5 ____0 5 ___ 0 0 14911 2.96 0 0 14911 2.96 01 0.0001 ___________ ~~~Total ______ 39 ____0 39 ___ 0 0 132736 26.33 - 0 -0 132736 26.33 0l 0.0001 Total 0 145 6 151 0 0 382669 76.91 14745 2.93 397414 78.84 2639411 60.3751 Gor6 M~an B4moulati ___0 8 ____0 8 0 0 25318 5.02 _______ 25318 5.02 28966 5.750 Total _____ ___0 8a___ 0 8 0 0 25318 6.02 0 __01 25318 5.02 2986 5.760 ______Timbdri B4dia ___0 20 ____0 20 0 0 54777 10.87 0 __01 54777 10.87 59862 11.875 __________ ~~~~~~Bida ___0 8 0 __ 8 0 0 24911 4.94 0 0 24911 4.94 27095 5.375 _________ ____________ Kaba 0 8 _ _ 0 ___8 0 0 21146 4.19 __ 0 ___0 21146 4.19 24575 4.875 __________ ______________Kagopal ___0 3 ____0 3 0 0 4267 0.65 0 0 4267 0.685 5041 1.000 _________ _____________KolI __ 0 18a 0 1 8 0 0 46024 9.13 __ 0 ___0 46024 9.13 53561 10.625 ___________ _______________Koundja _ __0 4 _ __ 0 4 0 0 16683 3.31 ____0 _ _ 0 16683 3.31 18274 3.625 __________ ______________Koundja II __ 0 8 0 8 0 0 24234 4.81 ____0 ___0 24234 4.81 26465 5.250 __________ _____________Ouao ___0 6 0 ___6 0 0 19094 3.79 0 ___0 19094 3.79 20164 4.000 _________ ~~~~~Total _____ 0 75 0, 75 0l 0 211136 41.88 __ 0 __ 0 211136 41.88, 235037 46.626 Totall________ _____ 0 83 0l 83 0l 0 236454 46.91 0 0 2364541 46.91E 264022 62.375 TOTAL Logone Oriental J126 14561 26 0 0 ]1068397 2 21.4f112800 J22.377J 1897[234.32 823~674 f163.3751 E&U.56S Table E-6 Individual Questionnaire (Visit) No. de Dossier: Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. (EEPCI) VISITE Nom: Prenom: __ Nom du pere: Nom de la mere: Village: Quartier: Date: Visite #: Endroit: Champ-Agriculture (Precisez lequel) Concession-Habitation (Precisez laquelle): R6sidence du chef de village: Autre (Precisez): PARTICIPANTS A LA VISITE Nom Prenom Titre 1 . 3. 4. ___ 5. _ 6. 7. 8._ RAISON(S) POUR LA VISITE o Recueil d'informations o Suivi (resumer la situation *) o Discussion sur la compensation o Paiement de la compensation o Discussion sur la reinstallation/relocalisation o Autre (Precisez): * OBSERVATIONS/COMMENTAIRES Eeng-fr.doc Table E-7 Individual Questionnaire (Concession - Residence) No. de Dossier: Esso Exploration and Production Chad, Inc (EEPCI) CONCESSION - HABITATION Nom: Prenom: IDENTIFICATION DE LA CONCESSION Pipeline Autre: Chainage debut de la concession: Chainage fin de ia concession: Village: Quartier: Pas de quartier IDENTIFICATION DE LA CONCESSION Est-ce qu'il y a des arbres a compenser dans cette concession? N on Ou i (remplir une fiche Arbre) Si oui, est-ce qu'ils appartiennent a quelqu'un d'autre? Non Oui Si oui, Nom et No. de Dossier: Est-ce qu'il y a des constructions dans cette concession? No n Oui Si oui, est-ce qu'ils appartiennent a quelqu'un d'autre? No n Oui Si oui, Nom et No. de Dossier: _ POTAGER Oui Non Arachide Gombo Mil Penicillaire Sorgho Aubergine = Haricot = Oseille Taro Calabasse Igname _ Patate Tomate Canne sucr&e Macabo Pois de Terre _ Concombre Mats Sesame Courge Manioc _ Soja CROQUIS DE LA CONCESSION (indiquer le plus d'informations possible) Signature EEPCI/TOTCO Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Representant Signature de Temoins Signature Personne Affect6e Eeng-7fr.doc Table E-8 Individual Questionnaire (Construction-1) No. de Dossier: Esso Exploration and Production Chad, Inc. (EEPCI) CONSTRUCTION-1 Nom: Pr6nom: L'ENDROIT de la (des) structure(s) o Pipeline Chainage d6but du champ/concession:_ Chainage fin du champ/concession: o Ailleurs Ou exactement? TYPES DE STRUCTURES Abris pour animaux Maison Boutique Marche 'Chambre a coucher Marche de coton 'Cimetiere Mirador 'Cuisine fenm-e Mur/enclos fCuisine ouverte Murs/Enclos .Dispensaire Parking automobile ,Douche/Latrine Poullailler i__Ecole _tatique '.Puit/Pompe Ecole spontanee Site sacre .Eglise/Mosque 'Source d'eau - Grenier/Magasin ,Stade de foot 'Hangar 'Tombeau i Instrument de peche Autre (Precisez) ESQUISSE DE LA (DES) STRUCTURE(S) (num6roter et remplir construction-2) Signature EEPCI/TOTCO Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Representant Signature de Temoins Signature Personne Affect&e Peng-8fr.doc Table E-8 Individual Questionnaire (Construction-2) No. de Dossier: CONSTRUCTION-2 Nom: . Prenom:. DESCRIPTION ET MATERIAUX Longueur Hauteur Largeur Hauteur (pignon) Diametre Circonfdrence Poutre/poteau Bois de brousse Poutre/poteau Ronier Poutre/poteau Bois blanc___ |Poutre/poteau 0 Bois rouge _ __ _ PorteL L |Metal = = = = == = = = Porte Secko Porte Paille_ _ _ |Porte Bois1__ |Porte Bois et metal_ - __ iMur Exterieur Cr6pi terre Mur Exterieur Crepi ciment Mur Interieur Crepi terre Mur Interieur Crepi ciment Toit Paille TaOR Tale Toit Tole et plafond Mur Brique Cuite -Grosse Mur Brique Cuite -Petite Mur Tige Mur Ciment Mur Ouvert Mur Haie-vive Mur Autre Mur Brique Crue Mur Secko Mur Bois Fenetre Bois Fenetre Metal Fenetre Bois et metal Signature EEPCIJTOTCO Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Representant Signature de Temoins Signature Personne Affect6e Eeng-8fr.doc Table E-8 Individual Questionnaire (Construction-3) No. de Dossier: __ CONSTRUCTION-3 Nom: . Prenom: PUITIPOMPE Oui Non Type: Creuse Profondeur:_ Fore Profondeur: Puit Creuse Traditionnel Ameliore Bords: Sans bords En Pneu En bois En ciment Interieur: Non-consolide Ciment Osiers Futs Bois Puit Fore En fonction ? Oui Non Si non, pourquoi?- Marque de pompe: __Install6e par: Date: Abreuvoir associe: Oui Non (Si oui, renseignements sur l'abreuvoir: ) Enclos associe: Oui Non (Si oui, renseignements sur l'enclos :_) AUTRE SOURCE D'EAU POTABLE Non Oui Fontaine publique Robinet Autre (Precisez) Renseignements: INSTRUMENTS DE PECHE Non Oui Type: Nasse Filet Picot Haregons Autre (Pn~cisez) Materiaux de construction: Dimensions: P6riode d'utilisation: de a Prse nDrmale par jour: Temoin(s) de la prise: SITE SACRE Non Oui Arbre sacre Plantes sacrees Eaux sacrees Endroit protege par "fetiches" Lieu d'initiation Autre (Precisez) Mobilite du site sacre?: Mobile Immobile Nom et adresse du responsable du site: LIEU D'ENTERREMENT Non Oui Cimetiere Tombe Tombeau Tombes et tombeaux No. de tombes: No. de tombeaux: Nom du defunt: Responsable: Nom du defunt: Responsable: Nom du defunt: Responsable: AUTRE CONSTRUCTION Non Oui Type: Renseignements: Signature EEPCI/TOTCO Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Representant Signature de Temoins Signature Personne Affect6e Eeng-8fr.doc Table E-9 Community Compensation Esso Exploration and Production Company International Community Compensation Compensation Communautaire Dossier No:_ Date: Village: Canton: S-Pr6fecture:- Population du village avant toute reinstallation (Pr6ciser qui est inclus dans ce d6nombrement (Imposables, tous les adultes, pop entiers): Nom du quartier ou hameau Population Par q uartier: _ Population totale du village: Signature du Chef de Village Administratif donnant son accord avec ce chiffre Signature du Representant d'Esso Date Eeng-9fr.doc Table E-10 Community Infrastructure -INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNAUTAIRE Village: Quartier: Canton: S-P: INFRASTRUCTURE SOCIALE DU QUARTIER Infrastructure Pr6sente Absente Nombre DMtails_ Comite existe ? Pompe Install6e par En panne? Puits ameliore Type am6lioration No. personnel Puits traditionnel Bo.ds p Bords ? Route d'acces Entretenu par Pont/passage _ Besoin? Etatique Ecole Religieuse Spontanee __ __ __ __ _ Cycle ? Grenier Bati par ? communautaire Magasin Bati par ? stockage Sans hangars Marche Avec hangars Avec boutiques Catholique Egliselmosquee Protestante Mosquee Etatique Dispensaire Catholique Protestante Pharmacie Villageoise Priv6ee_ _ _ _ _ _ Autre Eeng-1 Ofr.doc Table E-11 Example of Completed Individual Compensation Dossier No. de dossier: 1N0014 Esso Exploration and Production Chad, Inc. (EEPCI) FICHE RECAPITULATIVE DE BIENS ELIGIBLES A LA COMPENSATION 1. PERSONNE AFFECTtE Nom: Peumgar Prenom: Michel Sexe: 2 M 3 F Date de naissance: 1970 Lieu de naissance - Village: B6ro 11 Canton : Mmro Prefecture: Logone Oriental No. Carte d'identitd nationale 44445/45441NC No. Acte de naissance: Adresse de r6sidence principale: Ville / Village administratif: Bsro II Quartier: Dodangti Canton: BMro Sous-pr6fecture : Bebedjia Prefecture : Logone Oriental Pere-Nom: Dogo Prdnom: Mare-Nom: Bouyomiar Prenomr: Profession -Activite principale: Cuftivateur Activit6(s) secondaires(s): Menuisier (A) Nombre de conjoints: 1 (B) Nombre d'enfants et de personnes en charge: 3 (C) Nombre de personnes affectees = 1 + (A) + (B)= 1+ 1 + 3 = 5 (D) Nombre de cordes actuellement 2 la disposition de la personne I famille affecte = 14 (E) SuperFicie amputee (in2): 6364 (cordes) 1.375 (F) Nombre de cordes disponibles apres amputation des terrains affectis = (D)- (E) = 12.625 (G) Nombre de cordes qui restent aux personnes affectees = (F) 1(C) = 12.625 1 5 = 2.525 =No. cordes par personne ROW2-R6cap(tu1at1f.doc Signaure EEPCI Date Signature GOT Signature Cu Chef ou Reprdsentant Signature de T&rnolns Signature Personne Affect6e No. de dossier: IN0014 2. BIENS AFFECT,S - CHAMPS ET CONCESSIONS Champ# IN0014-CAOI Superficie: (mn) 235 (cordes) 0125 Emplacement: CTF Cuftures: Vivrier (sous culture ou en preparation) Croquis avec dimensions IN0014-CA01 -,-f:A02 235m2 m , Flnn; ~ -'g4N ^ \ 7' ' 1to40014 - | UC1O U' C};1 ./ Sb INOC26-C.A02 IN001 i s --',A(J i Champ # IN0014-CA02 Superficie (m2) 6129 (cordes) 1.250 Emplacement: CTF Cultures: Vivrier (sous culture ou en pr¶tion) (cultiv l'an dernier) Croquis avec dimensions /CAOIt I /., ,-O - - IiDg -. -'U +~~~~~- /, j,* / .- */ - - /. 61/9/7///,; S. 1:2000 N C CO 113-CA .612m /> lNOOI 3-/ $" CAO3 I' IN(X326*-(ACI2 / / ROW2-R6capitulatlf.doc Slgnature EEPCI Date Sinature GOT Signature du Chef ou Repr&sentant Signature de T7nmoins Slgnature Personne Affecve No. de dossier: IN0014 2. BIENS AFFECTtS - CHAMPS ET CONCESSIONS Champ # IN0014-CHO1 Superficie: (m2) 430 (cordes) 0.000 Emplacement: CTF Cultures: Potager, superficie = 45m' Croquis avec dimensions IN0014-CH01 430 m2 3. BIENS AFFECTtS - ARBRES Bananier I Type Jounes pous8es Adultes Endrolt Bananler 4 0 .N0014-CAO1 TOTAL: 4 0 Fruitiers Type Non productif Productif Endrolt N6r& 1 1 IN0014-CA02 Kariti 6 2 IN0014-CA02 TOTAL: 7 3 ROW2-R6capitulatif.doc Slgnature EEPCI Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Representant Signature do T6moins Signature Personne Affect6e No. de dossier: IN0014 3. BIENS AFFECTtS - ARBRES Manguier Type 0-lan 1 -Bans >6ans Endroit Manguier 0 5 0 IN0014-CA01 TOTAL: 0 5 O 0 Ombre Type Jeunes poulsses eunes arbres Grand Endrolt Ombre _ 0 1 0 I1N0014-CHO1 TOTAL:! 0 1 0 4. BIENS AFFECT-S - CONSTRUCTIONS Type Description No- structure Abds pour animaux 3.4m longueur, 2.7m largeur, 1.7m hauteur, IN0014-CA01-CT01 1 Toit-Paille, 21 Poutrelpoteau-Bois de brousse. 1 Mur-Secko, Chambre a coucher 1.8m hauteur, 1 1.8m cjrconfbrence, IN0014-CHOI-CT01 16 Poutre/poteau-Bois de brousse, 1 Mur-Biique Crue, 1 Porte-Bois, I Toit-Paille, Maison 1.8m hauteur, 13.4m circonference. IN0014-CH01-CT02 1 Toit-Pai le, 18 Poutre/poteau-Bois de brousse, 1 Mur-Brique Crue, Maison 4.6m iongueur, 3m largeur, 1.5m hauteur, IN0014-CH01-CT03 2.5m hauteur#2, I Mur-Secko, 1 Toit-Paille, 24 Poutrelpoteau-Bois de brousse. ROW2-R6capitulatif .doc Signature EEPCI Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Repr6sentant Signature de T6moins Signature Personne Affect&e No. de dossier: IN0014 4. BIENS AFFECTtS - CONSTRUCTIONS Type Descriptlon No. structure Grenier/Magasin 1.1m hauteur, 6m circonftrence, IN0014-CH01-CTo4 22 Poutre/poteau-Bois de brousse, 1 Mur-Tige, 1 Toit-Paille, ROW2-R6capItulatlf.doc Signature EEPCI Date Signature GOT Signature du Chef ou Reprtsentant Signature de Tbmoins Signature Personne AtfectZe Fiche sommaire d6taillee pour le dossier: JN0014 Ditails de la compensation des champs Nb de corads Caoncnsaon Type de cultre (Woff" a kk"wes ur&Aw) AMontant (FCFA) CA01 Vivritre 0.125 44,741 CA02 Vivrire 1250 447,413 sous-tolfd des champs: 492,154 Dt tafls de la compensation des arbres 1 .,uie , , I an1M&& cI& I w,..Jww.M/ ..sn,weiCr'g euhvgr.w .hr/ Champ Type d'arbre ',a*UceF w 1 J 6 m "" Ifl53p, . 6 >* MOnt am2a (lVFA) IN0014 -CA01 Bananier 4 8,000 IN0014-CAo1 Manguier 5 150,000 IN0014-CA02 N rb 1 1 35,000 IN0014-CA02 Kait6 8 2 90,000 IN0014-CHD1 Ombre 1 30,000 sous-toml des arbres: 313,000 sows-iocal des champs: 492,154 sousgotmal des arbres: + 313,000 TOA.L (ARlRRES+ CHAMPS): 855,1S4 ESSO EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION CHAD INC (EEPCI) Demande ferme de comrensation en Nature Dossier: IN0014 Village: B.m nr Canton: Bdro Monmat toral de la compensation: H1 NT T CINO MILLE CENT CTNOUANTE CINO (805155FCFA Je soussigne, M. P£ELRNGAR Michel I exer;ant son choix dc connpcn.ation an nazrc, rcconnais avoir fait cc jour unc demande famc des biens ci-dessous No Descnripti des item,s d catalogue Prix (FCFA) C)auntltF Total (FCFA) 1 Charrue ONDR 61040 P),2 2 Charrue APICA 7u000 3 Velo Rally tout terrain cadre homme 87500 4 VNlo Eastman cadre homme 90500 5 V81o Eastman cadre dame 88600 _ 6 V0lo Peugot cadre homme 87000 _ _ 7 Charrette pneurnatique ONDR 274240 _ . _ 8 Charrette en ter APICA 250000 9 Charrette pneumatique APICA 350000 70 Pousse-pousse b main APICA 90000 11 Pousse-pousse k main Cyctotchad 94S00 __- 12 Machine A coudre 3 main cadre Buttertly 85000 13 Machine ia coudre cadre Buttertly 110000C 14 Moulins portatits APICA Honda GC140 (5,0 650000 chevaux) 15 Moulins portatits Honda GXi6O (5,5 chevaux) 650000 16 Motopompe Honda WP20X 375000 17 Matopompe Honda WP30X 475000 18 Motopompe Yamaha melange deux temps 650000 TOTAL 4 D Le soussigne maandate Esso de passer commande des biens indiquzds ci-dcassus ca s'cngec A nc pas rcnoncor A Cotte dcmandc d6s la signaturr du pr6scnt doanncmL La valeur totale de ces biens d'un monmant de 1 Q4 D - ..ra d6duitc du. itonLant total de ma campensalnn. En foi dc quoi la prdscntc psocuration a dtd dtablie pour servir exvaloir ce que de drmit. FaiA B6ro 11 , le ,S3d&c=nbre 1998 Pour Esso Expilotion and Production Chad Inc- Le chef de village ou son repr6sentam Le chef de canton ou son repr6sentant - I a=uaptIrc *zxR1 Mi-er J. Mimu. dc 1'1c: du Fir lc. * I cxcrzptaim original Minin6rc da Finwc= a dc Ij'F=nomie ( v± das %it). - I aWIaire eqiamIz MiviVos de 1ei'Yn_z L tL de I'Bau. - I cnipLairc orginil Prf=urv Saus Nr6A4uro. ESSO EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION CHAD INC. No. de dossier: IN0014 No. d'attestation; I Attestation de paiement de compensation en especes Je soussigne, M. PEURNGAR Michel, proprietalre/exploltantIoccupant du terrain identiflt dans iAnnexe, Intitul6e 4cFiche R6capitulative des Biens tligibles & la Compensation) ci-Jointe. reconnals avoir reru ce lour et accepte de Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. (EEPCI), en esp6ces, la somme totale de SEFT CENT QUATRE MILLE CENT QUINZE (704115) FCFA Cette somme represente ma compensatlon totale en espices pour les terrains et tous les dommages sur mes biens pricists dans i'Annexe, occasionnes par EEPCI etlou ses sous-traitants dans le cadre du leve topographique et de i'occupaton d6finitive des terrains par EEPCI. La compensation 6ventueile en nature sera specifiee dans une attestation de paiement de compensation en nature. En foi de quoi, cette attestation est etablie en sept (7) exemplalres originaux pour valoir et servir ce que de droit. Pour Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. Fait b Mmro ii, le 4 j92 Luc DUMAS PEURNGAR Michel Agent Foncier Propri¢taire/ExploitanVOccupant ROWAgent OwnerAUser/Occupler Yalla AGUtNADt ZONGRt Le Chef d g ik reprnsentant Superviseur d'Acquisition des Terrains Land Acquisition Supervsor W \ 9 isU #!~~~e Chef,* f0'_otpr rsentant Chief of Cao.~ers%ative Le ous-Prdfet ou son repr6sentant Sous-Prefet or his representative Prise d'une photo au moment cu rtglement ? 4U1 (- NON At the time of payrnent was a photo taken ? YES NO Doetinatairus: - I exemnplaire original Minist6re des Mines. de rEnergie et du Pkrole. - I exmrnplaire original Ministere des Finances et de I'Economle (slce des eadastres). - 1 xesmplaire original Minist6re de l'Environnement et de rEau. - I exermplalre original Pr6facture et Sous-Pr4fecturs. - 2 exemplairas originaux Esso Expboratiixi and Production Chad Inc. Table E-12 Number of Mango Trees Compensated by Village SCSaplings ]Young Trees Mature Trees Sous Prefecture Canton Village .- er 1- er 6 er ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ 1 0-1 year j 1-6 years 6+i years Baibokoum Centre Urbain BaTbokoum 32 1 Total 32 0 1 Mbayssaye Ngod 20 Total 0 20 0 Total I_32 20 1 B6bedjia Bero Bero II 3 82 _________ XNdaba Dildo 11 _ Total ___ 3 93 0 Totall 3 93 0 Bessao Bessao Bessao 7 .- Total 0 7 0 Total 0 7 0 TOTAL Logone Oriental 35 120 1 Eeng-1 2.xls Table E-1 3 Number of Domestic Fruit and Shade Trees Compensated by Village SousPrefecture Canton Village Banana Tree Fig ava TG reeI Papaya Tree I Pepper Tree Ronier Tree Shade Tree I_________ I___ __________ Young lAdult Young lAdult Young lAdult Young lAdult Young [Adult Young lAdult _Sappling IYoung TAdult Baibokoum Baibokoum BaYbokoum 2 _ _ Total _0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mbayssaye Bitof I 48 .______ _______ ________ Mbayssaye I _ . ______________ ____________ Ngod I --_ 3 2 __ . Total 0 48 0 1 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0l Total 0 48 0 1 3 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BebedJia IBero Mmer 11 41 61 21 3 ._________ | Ndaba Dildo 7 _ _ _ ______ 21 _ i _ _ _ Te r .I . . i~ ~ .1 . .I ._ _ ._ _ ._ _ 2.0 . . Total | 11 6 0 _ _ _ __ _ 0 °l 21 2_ °0 °0 3_ 1| Total 11i 6_ _ _ t °l 0l °l. O. O 21 2 0 ol °l 3j 1j Bessao T Bessao fBessao 1 231 01 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1k | | ~~~~~ ~~Totall 231 °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °l °1 l ~~~Total| 231 ol ol °l ol ol ol °l ol ol ol ol 0 01 01 Gor6 |Timberi |Koundja 11 aIII 0 1U _ _ I _ I __ II l I________ ITotall 0 0 0 0 08 o o ol o ol ol o o Total I 0 0 0 1 ol l 0 0 ol o o TOTAL Logone Oriental I 4 | C O| ..L1I 34 2 | 0 12 0 |2 2 | [ | 0 | 3 | Eeng-1 3.xls Table E-14 Number of Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees Compensated by Village Sous Prefecture [ Canton Village I Nere | Karite | Ta ranin I ~~~I rYoung IAdult IYoungl Adult Youngl AdultI Baibokoum Centre Urbain Mbou 1 Total 0 1 0 0 0 0 Mbayssaye Bingo 1 ____________ Bitof I I ._____________ _ .Mbayssaye 1 1 Sakara 1 1 Total 1 2 1 2 0 0 Total F1 3 1 2 0 0 B6bedjia Bero B6ro I 1 1 40 1 Bero II 34 38 252 327 6 9 Dokaidilti 5 1 33 1 Madjo 2 4 7 1 Mbanga 2 2 5 141 Ndaba Dildo 18 19 119 292 3 7 Total 57 65 42 674 9 18 Kome B6gada 3 7 10 Bela I_ _ 1 2 _2 1 Bolobo II 6 6 30 55 Danmadja _ 2 _ Kayaral 1 4 13 Kome _ 2 3 7 .;_____________ Mayongo T 13 13 3 ________________ Moukassa | 2 3 Total T 9 8 60 99 3 8 Miandoum Ngalaba 1 2 2 _ Totall 1 2 0 2 0 0 Total 67 75 481 775 12 26 Bessao Bessao 1Bekao Ferme 1 | I _ I~~~~~~~B6kao I l11 ______B_kao I T 2 1 4 7 2 I i i~~~~~~ ~ ~~Bembar 61 I______ ___ 2Bessao 2 2 5 1 ________________ Dodang l I 1 . 1 |Gamadji 3 1 1 | 4 Laoukoye Masse ______ 4 _ | ______________ | ________ _ IM abi 4, 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S ao 1 ___ ______________ ~~Total I__ _ _ _ 101 5 Ill 3514 Eeng-1 4.xls Table E-14 Number of Individually Owned Wild, Productive Trees Compensated by Village Sous Prefecture | Canton | Village | Nere I Karite I Tamarin Is Prefecture Cn I V YoungI Adult I Young I Adult Young I Adult . ________________ Gadjibian Begon I 1 1 1 == . 3Begon II 1 Gadjibian _ 1 Kouloulou 1 4 13 Mempon 1 Toura II 1 1 Total 3 1 5 17 0 0 Total 13 6 16 52 1 4 Gore Bekan Bemoulati 3 2 15 16 = = ._____________ Total 3 2 15 16 0 0 Timb6ri B6dia 7 5 21 35 Bida 3 3 42 14 1 3 Kaba 1 1 3 2 Kagopal 2 Kole 2 2 4 20 1 ______________ _ |Koundja 5 1 3 4 1 I__________ rKoundja 11 1 1 5 17 2 3 T_____________ _ IOuao _ 7 8 Total 19 13 85 102 4 7 Total, i 22 15 100 118 4 7 TOTAL Logone Oriental | 103 99 598 | 947 17 1 37 Eeng-1 4.xIs