REPUBLIC OF GHANA MINISTRY OF SANITATION AND WATER RESOURCES ASHAIMAN MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY GREATER ACCRA METROPOLITAN AREA (GAMA) SANITATION AND WATER PROJECT CONSULTING SERVICES FOR COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT/MOBILIZATION, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION SUPERVISION FOR THE PROVISION OF IMPROVED SANITATION AND WATER SUPPLY IN ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN COMMUNITY- PHASE II CONSTRUCTION OF SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Client Ashaiman Municipal Assembly PMB 362 Community One, Tema. Tel: +233 (0) 548-718-177 Email: info@ashma.gov.gh Website: http://www.ashma.gov.gh FEBRUARY 2019 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table of Contents ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................. v LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................... vii EIA STUDY TEAM ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. NON-TECHNICAL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... viii Potential Environmental and Social Impacts of the proposed project .............................................. xiii 1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT ............................................................................................................ 2 1.4 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE UNDERTAKING .......................................................................... 2 1.5 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 3 1.6 EIA REPORT FORMAT ...................................................................................................................... 3 2 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .....................................................................5 2.1 NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................... 5 2.2 NATIONAL LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ......................................................................... 6 2.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................................... 10 2.4 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS POLICIES ........................................................................................... 12 2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES ...................................................................................................... 12 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................. 16 3.1 PROJECT LOCATION ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND COMPONENTS ................................................................................. 18 3.3 OVERVIEW OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 Project Pre-Construction/Construction Phase Activities ............................................................................ 21 3.3.2 Project Operational Phase Activities ........................................................................................................... 22 3.3.3 Decommissioning Phase Activities .............................................................................................................. 23 3.4 EXISTING LANDUSE AND ZONING STATUS ..................................................................................... 23 3.5 LABOUR REQUIREMENT ................................................................................................................ 24 3.6 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ......................................................................................................... 24 3.7 EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY ...................................................................................................... 24 3.8 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ......................................................................................................... 24 3.8.1 No Project Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 25 3.8.2 Sewage Collection and Conveyance Alternatives ....................................................................................... 25 3.8.3 STP Location Alternatives ........................................................................................................................... 26 ii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 3.8.4 Process Technology Alternatives ................................................................................................................ 29 4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL INFORMATION ......................................................... 32 4.1 LOCATION .................................................................................................................................... 32 4.2 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................ 34 4.2.1 Climate ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 4.2.2 Surface water and Groundwater Hydrology .................................................................................................... 34 4.2.3 Geology, Soils and Vegetation .......................................................................................................................... 35 4.2.4 Sakumo Ramsar Site ......................................................................................................................................... 37 4.2.5 TDC Quarters Sewerage Network and Treatment Facility ............................................................................... 39 4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................... 43 4.2.1 Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................................................................... 43 4.2.2 Employment and Commercial Activities .......................................................................................................... 44 4.2.3 Infrastructure and Municipal Services ............................................................................................................. 45 4.2.4 Project Affected Persons .................................................................................................................................. 49 4.2.5 Health Implications of Sewerage Network and Treatment Facility .................................................................. 51 5 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT .................................................................................................. 52 5.1 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH .................................................................................................. 52 5.2 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTED ......................................................................................................... 52 5.3 KEY ISSUES AND CONCERNS FROM STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS .............................................. 53 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS IDENTIFICATION AND PREDICTION ............................ 61 6.1 PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE ....................................................................................................... 61 6.1.1 Geographical Area of Influence ........................................................................................................................ 61 6.1.2 Environmental Media Influence ....................................................................................................................... 61 6.1.3 Community Influence ....................................................................................................................................... 61 6.1.4 Institutional Influence ...................................................................................................................................... 61 6.2 PROJECT ACTIVITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS ............................................... 62 6.2.1 Pre-construction Phase .................................................................................................................................... 62 6.2.2 Construction Phase .......................................................................................................................................... 62 6.2.3 Operations and Maintenance Phase ................................................................................................................ 63 6.2.4 Decommissioning Phase ................................................................................................................................... 63 6.3 CRITERIA FOR IMPACT EVALUATION ............................................................................................. 63 6.3.1 Duration of Impact ........................................................................................................................................... 63 6.3.2 Extent of the Impact ........................................................................................................................................ 64 6.3.3 Intensity of the Impact ..................................................................................................................................... 64 6.3.4 Impacts Severity ............................................................................................................................................... 64 6.4 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE IMPACTS ............................................................................ 64 6.5 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ADVERSE IMPACTS ............................................................................ 66 6.5.1 Construction Phase .......................................................................................................................................... 66 6.5.2 Operations and Maintenance Phase ................................................................................................................ 71 6.5.3 Decommissioning Phase ................................................................................................................................... 72 6.6 EVALUATION OF RISKS TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF PROJECT ......................................................... 73 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT ............................. 75 7.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................................................................................. 75 7.2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PHASE ................................................................................. 83 iii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 7.3 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE .................................................................................................... 86 7.4 MITIGATING MEASURES FOR POTENTIAL RISKS TO SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT .............. 89 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................... 90 8.1 ESMP Table .................................................................................................................................. 90 8.2 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .................................................................................................. 99 8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN .................................................................... 100 8.4 CAPACITY BUILDING NEEDS FOR ESIA IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................ 116 8.4.1 Construction Phase Training Needs ................................................................................................................ 116 8.4.2 Operation Phase Training Needs .................................................................................................................... 116 8.3.3 Training on Implementation of GRM .............................................................................................................. 116 8.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING REPORTING ........................................................... 119 8.6 GRIEVANCE REDRESS PROCESS.................................................................................................... 119 8.6.1 Grievance Redress during Pre-Construction/Construction Phase .................................................................. 119 8.6.2 Grievance Redress during Operational Phase ................................................................................................ 120 8.7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT BUDGET........................ 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Bookmark not defined. 9 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 122 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 123 ANNEXES.................................................................................................................................. 124 ANNEX B EXISTING SITUATION IN PROJECT AREA ............................................................. 128 ANNEX C PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS .......................................................... 133 ANNEX D: SURVEY MAPS OF PROJECT SITE........................................................................................ 165 ANNEX E: CODE OF CONDUCT FOR CONTRACTOR.............................................................................. 167 iv FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ACRONYMS ASHMA - Ashaiman Municipal Assembly BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand CEMP - Construction Environmental Management Plan CHRAJ - Commission of Human Rights and Administrative Justice COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand EHSD - Environmental Health and Sanitation Directorate EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EIS - Environmental Impact Statement EMP - Environmental Management Plan EPA - Environmental Protection Agency ESMP - Environmental and Social Management Plan ESMF - Environmental and Social Management Framework ESS - Environmental and Social Standards FOMP - Facility Operation and Management Plans GAMA - Greater Accra Metropolitan Area GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism GWCL - Ghana Water Company Limited HSE - Health Safety and Environment LIUC - Low-Income Urban Community MA - Municipal Assembly MDAs - Ministries Departments and Agencies MEHO - Municipal Environmental Health Officer MLGRD - Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development MMDA - Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies MSWR - Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources O&M - Operation and Maintenance PCU - Project Coordinating Unit PAPs - Project Affected Persons PPE - Personal Protection Equipment RAP - Resettlement Action Plan SEA - Sexual Exploitation and Abuse SFD - Shit Flow Diagram STD - Sexually Transmitted Disease STP - Sewage Treatment Plant TDC - Tema Development Corporation TDS - Total Dissolved Solids TOR - Terms of Reference TSS - Total Suspended Solids UBF - Upflow Bed Filter VOC - Volatile Organic Compound WASH - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WSP - Waste Stabilization Pond WWTP - Wastewater Treatment Plant v FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS LIST OF FIGURES Figure ES0-1: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for STP ............................................................. x Figure 3-1: Google Earth Imagery of Project Area .............................................................................. 17 Figure 3-2: Stages of Faecal Sludge Value Chain ............................................................................... 18 Figure 3-3: Shit Flow Diagram for Ghana ........................................................................................... 18 Figure 3-4: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for STP................................................................. 20 Figure 3-5: Connection to TDC Quarters STP ..................................................................................... 27 Figure 3-6: Connection to Tema Sewerage Network and Community 3 STP ..................................... 28 Figure 3-7: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for Co-composting Option ................................... 30 Figure 3-8: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for WSP Option ................................................... 30 Figure 4-1: Google Earth Imagery of Project Location ....................................................................... 33 Figure 4-2: Monthly Variation of Rainfall ........................................................................................... 34 Figure 4-3: Surface water Hydrology in Project Area ......................................................................... 36 Figure 4-4: Wetland ecosystems within the Sakumo Basin ................................................................. 38 Figure 4-5: Current Conditions at Disused STP .................................................................................. 39 Figure 4-6: Aerial Photo of Water Quality Sampling Points ............................................................... 42 Figure 4-7: Population and Household of Beneficiary Communities .................................................. 43 Figure 4-8: Educational level of household head................................................................................. 44 Figure 4-9: Occupation of Household Head ........................................................................................ 45 Figure 4-10: Sullage Disposal in Ashaiman New Town...................................................................... 45 Figure 4-11: Layout of GWCL Distribution ........................................................................................ 47 Figure 4-12: Access to Sanitation ........................................................................................................ 48 Figure 4-13: Category of PAPs ............................................................................................................ 50 Figure 4-14: Property Situated along Sewer Pipe Route ..................................................................... 51 Figure 5-1: Photographs from Meeting 1 ............................................................................................. 56 Figure 5-2: Photographs from Meeting 2 ............................................................................................. 57 Figure 5-3: Photographs from Meeting 3 ............................................................................................. 58 Figure 5-4: Photographs from Meeting 4 ............................................................................................. 59 Figure 5-5: Photographs from Meeting 5 ............................................................................................. 60 Figure 5-6: Photographs from Meeting 6 ............................................................................................. 60 Figure 5-7: Photographs from Meeting 7 ............................................................................................ 60 vi FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS LIST OF TABLES Table ES0-1: Key Components and Activities of Proposed Project ..................................................... ix Table ES0-2: Relevant National Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework ........................................ xi Table ES0-3: Relevant Stakeholders Consulted ................................................................................ xiii Table ES 0-5: Relevant Stakeholders and their Respective Roles ...................................................... xvi Table ES0-6: Provisional Budget for Implementation ESMP ............. 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Table 2-1: Summary of the safeguard policies triggered by the project .............................................. 12 Table 2-2: Maximum Permissible Levels for Effluent Discharge into Natural Water Bodies ............ 13 Table 2-3: Maximum National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values ............................................. 14 Table 2-4: National Ambient Noise Level Guideline (NANLG) ........................................................ 15 Table 3-1: Sewer Pipe Lengths for Ashaiman New Town LIUC ........................................................ 19 Table 3-2: Treatment Stages and Associated Unit Processes .............................................................. 20 Table 3-3: Capacity of STP, Efficiency of the System and Expected Effluent Quality ...................... 21 Table 3-4: Work Activities for Project Components ........................................................................... 22 Table 3-5: Design Population and Estimate Wastewater flows ........................................................... 22 Table 3-6: Faecal Sludge Characteristics ............................................................................................. 23 Table 3-7: Comparison of Sewage Collection and Conveyance Alternatives ..................................... 25 Table 3-8: Comparison of STP Location Alternatives......................................................................... 29 Table 3-9: Comparison of Process Technology Alternatives .............................................................. 31 Table 4-1: Description of Sampling Locations .................................................................................... 40 Table 4-2: Results of Sample Quality Analysis ................................................................................... 41 Table 4-3: Population and Household Head by Gender ...................................................................... 43 Table 4-4: Ethnicity of Residents of Ashaiman New Town ................................................................ 44 Table 4-5: Source of Water for General Use ....................................................................................... 45 Table 4-6: Prevalence of WASH Related Diseases as perceived by Respondents .............................. 46 Table 4-7: Solid Waste Zones and Suburbs ......................................................................................... 49 Table 4-8: Type of Loss and Eligible Persons ..................................................................................... 50 Table 4-9: Compensation Valuation Cost ............................................................................................ 50 Table 5-1: List of Public/Stakeholder Engagements............................................................................ 53 Table 5-2: Summary of Major Issues and Concerns from Public/Stakeholder Engagements ............. 54 Table 6-1: Activities to be undertaken during Pre-Construction ......................................................... 62 Table 6-2: Work Activities for Construction Phase ............................................................................. 62 Table 6-3: Evaluation of Potential Positive Impact ............................................................................. 64 Table 6-4: Potential Adverse Impacts for Construction Phase ............................................................ 66 Table 6-5: Potential Adverse Impacts for Operations and Maintenance Phase ................................... 71 Table 6-6: Potential Adverse Impacts for Decommissioning Phase .................................................... 73 Table 6-7: Potential Risks to Sustainability of Project ........................................................................ 74 Table 7-1: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Construction Phase ........................................................ 76 Table 7-2: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Operation and Maintenance Phase ................................ 83 Table 7-3: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Decommissioning Phase ............................................... 86 Table 7-4: Mitigation Measures for Potential Risks to Sustainability of Project ................................ 89 Table 8-1: ESMP for the STP .............................................................................................................. 91 Table 8-2: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................................. 99 Table 8-3: Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan ..................................................................... 101 Table 8-4: Report Template for Environmental and Social Monitoring ............................................ 115 Table 8-5: Training plan for ESIA implementation ........................................................................... 117 vii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS NON-TECHNICAL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government of Ghana, acting through the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources (MSWR), is implementing the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area Sanitation and Water Project (GAMA SWP), funded through an International Development Agency (IDA) grant. The project seeks to increase access to improved sanitation and water supply in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), targeting low income urban communities (LIUCs), and to strengthen management of environmental sanitation across GAMA. In the case of Ashaiman, the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly (ASHMA) selected Ashaiman New Town as the LIUC. The project proponent is the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly. The assignment is being carried out in two phases. Specific activities under both phases include:  Phase 1: Community Mapping, WASH Facilities Assessment and Hygiene Promotion  Phase 2: Pre-Construction, Construction and Post-Construction Services Management Upon completion of Phase One (1) of the assignment, a simplified sewerage system (including a sewage treatment plant) was selected by the key stakeholders as the preferred intervention for improving access to sanitation in the Ashaiman New Town community. The intervention also includes the reconstruction of disused sewage treatment ponds at Ashaiman TDC Quarters. This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental permitting and the World Bank’s Safeguards policy requirements. Pursuant to the Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 1652), a Scoping Report was submitted and reviewed by EPA and World Bank and the comments have been addressed in this EIS accordingly. The methodology for environmental and social impact assessment involved stakeholder consultations, interviews, focus group discussions, desktop studies, field visits and review of EIA reports for similar projects worldwide. The various techniques were used to identify and assess potential impacts associated with or resulting from project activities included the following:  Characterization of the baseline i.e. the existing conditions before the Project is undertaken and any effects are generated;  Identification of sources of impacts and the impacts themselves that would be generated by any aspect of the Project;  Rating of impacts before any mitigation (for negative impacts) or enhancement (for positive impacts) is implemented;  Suggesting of mitigation and enhancement measures to address likely impacts The project area includes the Ashaiman New Town community and Tema Development Corporation (TDC) Quarters both located in the Ashaiman Municipality. The Ashaiman New Town community lies within the Moni-Obaanye electoral area whereas the TDC Quarters is located along the Ashaiman - Klagon Road and close to the Adjei Kojo Township. The TDC Quarters is served by a sewer network viii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS with sewage flowing to a septic tank. An existing sewage treatment pond has not been put to use since its construction in the 1970’s. The treatment pond site covers an estimated area of 11.2ha. The facility was intended to operate as a waste stabilisation pond but sewage now flows to a septic tank The components and details of activities to be carried out are as presented in Table ES0-1 below. Table ES0-1: Key Components and Activities of Proposed Project Project Description of Works Component Construction of  Clearing/temporal removal of structures along sewer routes New Sewerage  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying of sewer lines Network in  Laying of trunk and collector sewers Ashaiman New  Laying of condominial sewer branches Town  Connection of household toilet facilities or existing septic tanks/biodigesters to sewers  Construction of household connection chambers  Construction of inspection/interconnection chambers  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes Construction of  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP site Sewage  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and perimeter fencing Treatment Plant  Construction of sewage and faecal sludge storage tanks, foundations and concrete (STP) and works reconstruction  Construction site offices, quality sampling stations, machinery equipment housing of disused and control rooms sewage  Plant equipment installation treatment ponds  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes at TDC Quarters site Rehabilitation  Replacement of defective trunk and collector sewer lines/pipes of TDC  Rehabilitation/reconstruction of defective inspection chambers Quarters Sewer  Emptying/desludging of existing communal septic tank at TDC Quarters Network  Clearing of weeds and other materials in existing ponds  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping station  Construction of fence wall along the eastern stretch of the existing treatment facility site (i.e. by the access road between the site and the TDC Quarters)  Haulage of demolishing debris (sand, stones, broken sandcrete blocks/concrete slabs, asbestos sewer pipes, etc.) to appropriate disposal site by the contractor. The proposed sewerage network will consist of trunk, submain and condominial sewers. The condominial branches will have a minimum diameter of 100 mm. It will have interconnections with the main network through inspection boxes or chambers. The sewage treatment plant will comprise of preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatment units. Additionally, it will include sludge treatment and biogas utilization facilities. Figure ES0-1 presents a schematic diagram of the unit processes for the proposed STP. ix FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure ES0-1: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for STP The operational phase of the proposed development as per the design population projections is estimated at 20 years beyond which the capacity of the treatment plant will have to be increased to meet the needs of increased population. The safe handling and disposal of both influent and effluent flows in accordance with EPA Guidelines can be categorized as the major operational activities at the sewage treatment plant during this phase. Overflows or spillages of raw sewage at manholes as well as exfiltration in sewer systems will represent the major operational challenge for the Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters sewerage networks. The proposed sewerage network and treatment facilities will be utilized by the beneficiary communities as long as they are well maintained. Decommissioning during the operational phase is therefore unlikely. Nonetheless, decommissioning activities after construction works will involve the following:  Disposal of construction spoil and waste in general  Restoration of landscape around construction site  Removal of construction equipment. The “No Project� scenario was evaluated together with alternative sewage collection/conveyance systems, STP locations and treatment process technologies with respect to their technical, economic, environmental and social features. The existing method for collection of sewage/faecal sludge in Ashaiman New Town involves the use of vacuum suction trucks mainly operated by private operators who are directly engaged by households. The “No Project� scenario will see the persistence of the status quo situation in the Ashaiman New Town community. This scenario therefore does not ensure reliable containment and transfer of sewage from the project area. Most significantly, the status quo limits the opportunities for re-use of biosolids generated from sewage handling and treatment processes. Three wastewater collection and conveyance alternatives considered included the following: x FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  On-Site Disposal + Motorized Emptying and Transport  Simplified Sewers  Conventional Sewers The simplified sewer option was determined to be the most suitable option for the safe and hygienic collection and conveyance of both greywater and blackwater flows. Two alternatives STP locations that were considered included the following:  TDC Quarters STP site - This defunct facility was constructed in the 1970’s for treating sewage from the TDC Quarters sewer network. A 2.3 km trunk sewer line to be constructed along the banks of the Gbemi stream will be required to connect the ASHMA sewerage network to the STP.  Community 3 STP site - This 22,000 m3/d capacity facility which serves the existing Tema Municipal Sewerage System has been shut down since 2002 resulting in the discharge of raw sewage into sea without any form of treatment. A 6.5 km trunk sewer line will be required to connect the new ASHMA network to the Tema Municipal Sewerage System. The process technology alternatives that were considered included the following:  UBF - Upflow bed filter (UBF) based secondary treatment step with nutrient removal by aerobic/anoxic process and then effluent polishing with a disinfection tank.  Co-Composting - Co-composting based secondary treatment step followed by effluent polishing with the existing waste stabilization ponds.  WSP - Expansion of existing waste stabilization pond system. The UBF based process configuration was determined to be the most suitable option. It provides a very reliable treatment process with respect to organics, nutrients and solids, has a lower ecological footprint and minimal social impact beyond the facility boundary. The relevant national policies, legislation and regulation to guide the implementation of the proposed sewerage networks and sewage treatment facility from the conceptualization stage of the project to implementation and monitoring activities are presented in table ES0 2 below. Table ES0-2: Relevant National Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework National Policy Framework Legal and Regulatory Framework Environmental Guidelines  National Environment Policy  The Constitution of Ghana  Effluent Quality Discharge (2013)  Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines  National Environmental Act 1994, Act 490  Ambient Air Quality Sanitation Policy (2010)  Environmental Assessment Guidelines  National Health Policy Regulations 1999, LI 1652  Ambient Noise Level (2007)  Fees and Charges (Amendment) Guidelines  National Water Policy Instrument 2015 (LI 2228) (2007)  Water Resources Commission  Community Water and Sanitation Act 1996, Act 522 Programme  Local Governance Act, 2016 Act (1994) 936 The Ghana Climate Change Policy,  Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 2012 1963 (Act 186)  The State Lands Act, 1963 (Act 125) xi FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS National Policy Framework Legal and Regulatory Framework Environmental Guidelines  The Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651)  Workmen’s Compensation Law, 1987, PNDCL 187  The Hazardous and Electronic Waste Control and Management Act 2016, Act 917  The Hazardous Electronic and Other Waste (Classification), Control and Management Regulation 2016, (L1 2250)  The Public Health Act 2012, Act 851  The Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970, Act 328  The Land use and Spatial Planning Act, 2016  The Fire Precaution (Premises) Regulation, 2003, L1 1724 The GAMA SWP project triggers the World Bank Operational policies on Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) and Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12). A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is been developed concurrently with this ESIA to ensure that impacts are minimized and all PAPs are adequately enumerated and compensated. Baseline conditions The Climate of Ashaiman Municipal Area is typical of dry equatorial climate. The rainy season starts from April to July (the major season) and September to November (the minor season). Temperatures are high throughout the year and range between 22 – 32 °C. Humidity varies with the seasons with a high of 60-80% in the wet season and less than 30% in the dry periods. The municipality lies within the Sakumo drainage basin. The Sakumo Basin consists of the Onukpawahe, Mamahuma, Dzorwulu and the Gbagla-Ankonu (Gbemi) streams. Both Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters naturally drain into the Gbemi stream, which is a tributary of the Dzorwulu stream. Groundwater yield and recharge rates are low. The vegetation comprises of coastal scrub and grasslands, strand and mangrove. Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters have an estimated current population of 24,311 and 2,407 respectively. Ashaiman New Town has an estimated 4,805 households while that of TDC Quarters is estimated at 650. The majority of residents in Ashaiman New Town are Ewes (1,909 of the households are headed by Ewe representing 39.73%). The Akans are 1,364 representing 28.37% and the Ga-Dangme 951 representing 19.79%. Other ethnic groups in the community include Mole-Dagbani, Guans and Gurma. The population and housing densities are estimated at 187.9 person/ha and 7.33 houses/ha respectively. The main employment and commercial activities engaged in by residents of Ashaiman New Town include petty trading, artisanship, apprenticeship, labour work, food vending, and agriculture. xii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS The results of a community baseline survey undertaken in Ashaiman New Town indicate that 4,325 representing 90% of household heads are self-employed whereas 1,444 residents representing 60% of the residents of TDC Quarters work in the formal sector. The relevant stakeholders identified and consulted during the EIA study for the proposed sub-project is provided in Table ES0-3. Table ES0-3: Relevant Stakeholders Consulted Project Proponents Political and Administrative Authorities  Ashaiman Municipal Assembly  Municipal Chief Executive (ASHMA)  Assembly members (ASHMA) Beneficiary Communities  Unit Committee Members (Moni Obanye)  Traditional authorities (ASHMA)  Ashaiman TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Private Firms Residents Association  Vodafone Limited  Ashaiman New Town  MTN Ghana Limited Government Institutions and Regulatory Enterprise Sanitation Solution Providers Agencies  TREND Ltd  Environmental Protection Agency  VULPEC Ltd  Tema Development Corporation  Sanigreen Ltd  MSWR-PCU  Ghana Education Service-SHEP Financial Institutions  Ghana Water Company Limited  Adom Boafo Microfinance  ASHMA Municipal Urban Roads Unit  HFC Bank  Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) Potential Environmental and Social Impacts of the proposed project Beneficiary impacts  Improved quality of discharged effluents from TDC Quarters into the Gbemi stream  Reduced uncontrolled sewage and sullage discharges into water courses in the New Town community.  Improvement in local public health in the beneficiary communities.  Reduction in uncontrolled wastewater discharges, thus reducing risks of microbiological and organic contamination;  The provision of proper wastewater collection and disposal systems in the communities  An overall improvement in environmental conditions resulting in improved health conditions  Proper treatment of discharged effluents, decreasing aesthetic pollution of surface drainage systems and odours thus ensuring an added value to the beneficiary communities.  The proposed project will create direct and indirect employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled labour during the construction and operational phases. Indirect employment opportunities of importance to the beneficiary communities include food and water vending; and petty trading mostly by women.  Slurry and effluent from the bio-digester is a rich resource that can be utilized by the community/farmers around as soil conditioners/fertilizers and watering of crops respectively to enhance crop yields. xiii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Adverse impacts Activities of potential adverse environmental and social impacts identified with the proposed project are outlined under three main phases of the project activities:  Pre-construction  Construction Phase  Operations and Maintenance Phase  Decommissioning Phase Pre-construction phase impacts ▪ Air quality and noise impacts due to mobilization of equipment and workers to sites ▪ Vegetative clearance of work areas ▪ Land expropriation and destruction of private property Construction phase impacts  Air quality deterioration  Vibration and noise nuisance  Loss of vegetation  Solid waste generation and disposal  Liquid waste generation and disposal  Water resources pollution  Occupational health and safety  Public health and safety  Labour influx  Gender Based Violence  Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)  Sexual exploitation  Sexual harassment  Use of child labour  Temporary physical and economic displacement Operational and maintenance phase impacts  Odour generation and air quality deterioration  Water quality deterioration  Waste generation and disposal  Occupational health and safety  Public health and sanitation  Sustainability of treatment facility Decommissioning phase impacts ▪ Air quality deterioration ▪ Vibration and noise nuisance ▪ Occupational health and safety xiv FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) An Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) defines project-specific environmental and social mitigation measures, monitoring programmes, and responsibilities based on the analysis of potential environmental and social impacts of the project. The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) aims to ensure that negative environmental, social and occupational health and safety impacts of the proposed Project and its sub-projects are reduced to the barest minimum or even eliminated during the pre-construction, construction, operational and maintenance and decommissioning phases of its implementation. The ESMP is presented in Table 8-1 of this report. A monitoring plan is also developed to aid in identifying the effectiveness of mitigation measures formulated for the significant impacts identified. The environmental and social monitoring plan proposed for the project is presented in Table 8.3 of the report. Project Affected Persons (PAPs) The proposed undertaking will lead to involuntary resettlement as well as temporary loss of livelihoods of 726 persons in the beneficiary communities. A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has accordingly been prepared (copy attached). The enumeration/marking and classification of Affected Properties/Structures was undertaken in conjunction with the Land Valuation Division of the Lands Commission. Figure ES0-2 illustrates the category of Project Affected Persons (PAPs). 12% 1% LOSS OF LIVELIHOOD DISTURBANCE LIVELIHOOD & DISTRUBANCES 87% Figure ES0-2: Categories of Affected PAPs A three-tier grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been designed in the event of dissatisfaction of any PAP. These tiers include: • Local Mediation Committee (Grievance Redress Team) • District Commission for Human Rights and Administrative Justice (CHRAJ) Office • Court of Law Key relevant ministries, agencies and departments that will be critical to the implementation of the project include the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources -Project Coordinating Unit (MSWRPCU), EPA, ASHMA, Project Consultant, Works Contractor and Local Committee. Table ES0-5 presents expected roles and responsibilities of the relevant stakeholders. xv FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table ES 0-5: Relevant Stakeholders and their Respective Roles Stakeholder Roles and responsibilities World Bank Review and give No Objection to the EIA/ESMP reports Disclose the approved report on World Bank External Website Conduct periodic site visits/monitoring and audits as needed to check Project Compliance with safeguards. MSWR/PCU Overall responsibility over the implementation of the ESMP during construction. Conduct periodic site visits/monitoring. Support ASHMA in ensuring compliance with all safeguards during construction phase. EPA Ultimately approving ESMP reports. Informing project consultants in case of additional environmental requirements to be followed. Conducting site audits as needed to check implementation of ESMP. Support ASHMA in ensuring compliance with all safeguards during construction phase. ASHMA Monitoring of ESMP implementation during construction and operation. Project Engineering Design Phase Consultant Ensuring EIA findings and ESMP considerations are properly taken into consideration in the detailed engineering design and properly integrated in the tender documents for contractors. Construction Phase Supervising the contractor's implementation of the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). Preparing a checklist to be used to supervise contractor’s works. Reviewing and approving contractor’s CEMP. Coordinating with the MSWR/PCU to ensure appropriate reporting of EMP implementation. Identifying training needs of concerned parties to ensure ESMP requirements are well understood and can be implemented. Works Preparing a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) that details how the Contractor(s) contractor shall implement the provisions of the ESMP. Providing a field HSE/safeguards officer to ensure implementation of the CEMP. Liaising with project consultant and regularly reporting on ESMP implementation. Immediately reporting to project consultant in case of accidents, spills or other events which have health, safety or environmental implications. In case of incidents, contractors should fill an incident records form, including how the incident is planned to be addressed. Local Following up on the project implementation. committee Liaising between the local community and ASHMA/project consultant regarding ESMP implementation. Following up on any complaints and grievances and responding to them. The environmental and social management plan (ESMP) requires detailed cost analysis after project development to determine the budget needed for implementation. It is estimated that an amount of Nine Hundred and Seven Thousand, Three Hundred and Forty Six Ghana Cedis, Sixty Five Pesewas (GH¢907,346.65) will be required to implement the provisions of the ESMP for this sewerage project as shown in Table ES0-6. xvi FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS xvii FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Government of Ghana, acting through the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources (MSWR), is implementing the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area Sanitation and Water Project (GAMA SWP), funded through an International Development Agency (IDA) grant. The project seeks to increase access to improved sanitation and water supply in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), targeting low income urban communities (LIUCs), and to strengthen management of environmental sanitation across GAMA. In the case of Ashaiman, the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly (ASHMA) selected Ashaiman New Town as the LIUC. Peoples Dialogue/WasteCare Associates JV has been engaged to provide consulting services for community engagement/mobilization, design and implementation supervision for the provision of improved sanitation and water supply in the Ashaiman New Town community. The assignment is being carried out in two phases. Specific activities under both phases include:  Phase 1: Community Mapping, WASH Facilities Assessment and Hygiene Promotion  Phase 2: Pre-Construction, Construction and Post-Construction Services Management Upon completion of Phase One (1) of the assignment, a simplified sewerage system (including a sewage treatment plant) was selected by the key stakeholders as the preferred intervention for improving access to sanitation in the Ashaiman New Town community. The intervention also includes the reconstruction of disused sewage treatment ponds at Ashaiman TDC Quarters. Details of the project are presented in Chapter 2. In accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental permitting requirements, such projects are to be registered and environmental permits issued prior to commencement. The World Bank safeguards policy for the GAMA SWP project also requires that, the environmental and social impacts of any proposed project should be identified and mitigated. Following the screening of the proposal, it has been determined that the project requires an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Pursuant to the Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 1652), a Scoping Report was submitted and reviewed by EPA and World Bank and the comments have been addressed in this EIS accordingly. 1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT The Ashaiman Municipal Assembly was established by the Legislative Instrument (LI) 1889 of November 2007. The municipal assembly does not have an explicit policy on Environmental Health and Safety. However, its functions like all other Assemblies are basically derived from the statutes as mandated by the Local Governance Act 2016 (Act 936), National Development Planning System Act 1994 (Act 480) and Legislative Instrument 1889 which created the Assembly. The functions of the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly which are broadly aimed at attaining its objectives and fulfilling its mission of improving the quality of life of its people are among others to: 1 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  initiate programmes for the development of basic infrastructure and provide municipal works and services in the district;  be responsible for the development, improvement and management of human settlements and the environment in the district; and  in co-operation with the appropriate national and local security agencies, be responsible for the maintenance of security and public safety in the district 1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT Faecal sludge management in many urban settlements in Ghana is characterized by unavailability of and/or inadequate or non-functional sewage treatment facilities. Studies by the World Bank Water and Sanitation Project (WSP) suggest that about 98% of the total quantity of sewage and faecal sludge/septage generated is disposed of without treatment. The need to provide adequate treatment capacity is therefore imperative. The existing method for collection of faecal sludge (FS) in Ashaiman New Town involves the use of vacuum suction trucks mainly operated by private firms. However, the residents in the community have serious complaints about the performance of the service providers as revealed in the baseline survey conducted. The existing situation does not ensure reliable containment and transfer of faecal sludge resulting in the discharge of raw sewage into the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Most significantly, the status quo limits the opportunities for re-use of biosolids generated from faecal sludge handling and treatment processes. The proposed development will improve access to sanitation in the project communities as well as neighbouring environs. The safe containment and transport of faecal sludge from the project area will have the beneficial cumulative impacts of improved faecal sludge management, energy generation and potential health benefits. Furthermore, it will ensure adequate and uninterrupted supply of uncontaminated organic nutrients which will support the existing farming activities within the beneficiary communities. Slurry and effluent from the bio-digester is a rich resource that can be utilized as soil conditioners/fertilizers and for watering of crops respectively to enhance crop yields. 1.4 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE UNDERTAKING The proposed undertaking in the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly, which will lead to the expansion and rehabilitation of the existing wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure, will have the following specific objectives:  Ensuring compliance with the EPA effluent water quality guidelines for STPs  Reducing public health risks arising from uncontrolled wastewater discharges from defective sewerage network components such as manholes and leaking pipes  Minimising the pollution risks to surface water and groundwater resources within the Gbemi stream catchment.  Decreasing aesthetic pollution of surface drainage systems and odour thus ensuring an added value to the beneficiary communities. 2 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 1.5 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY Information on potential impacts, including potential cumulative effects generated from the activities required to construct and operate the proposed sanitation project was obtained from consultations, expert judgement, interviews, focus group discussions, desktop studies and field visits as well as reviews of EIA reports of similar projects worldwide. Consultations were held with senior officials of the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly including the Municipal Chief Executive, Hon. Albert Boakye Okyere. Other local government officials included the Municipal Planning Officer and the Municipal Environmental Health Officer. Focus group discussions were held with residents in the Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters communities. Details of stakeholder consultations are provided in Chapter 5. Baseline survey reports for the beneficiary communities as well as preliminary engineering design reports for the proposed facilities were also reviewed extensively. Site visits were undertaken to the sewage treatment facility site and the Gbemi stream which will receive the discharged effluent. The routes along which the proposed sewer pipelines would be installed as well as the locations for appurtenances such manholes and inspection chambers were also visited. The project team relied on various techniques including professional judgment, fieldwork, and desktop analysis to identify and assess potential impacts associated with or resulting from project activities. The assessment of impacts involved the following steps:  Characterization of the baseline i.e. the existing conditions before the Project is undertaken and any effects are generated;  Identification of sources of impacts and the impacts themselves that would be generated by any aspect of the Project;  Rating of impacts before any mitigation (for negative impacts) or enhancement (for positive impacts) is implemented;  Suggesting mitigation and enhancement measures to address likely impacts 1.6 EIA REPORT FORMAT The major headings of the report include the following: a) Executive Summary; b) Introduction; c) Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework; d) Project Description and Alternatives e) Baseline Environmental and Social Information; f) Stakeholder Consultation and Public Involvement; g) Impact Identification and Prediction; h) Impact Mitigation and Management; i) Provisional Environmental and Social Management Plan; j) Conclusions; k) References; 3 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS l) Annexes. 4 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 2 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK The relevant national policies, legal and institutional frameworks, and the World Bank safeguards policies that will guide the proposed construction of the sewerage networks and sewage treatment facilities to ensure strict compliance are briefly described. 2.1 NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK The relevant national policies to guide the implementation of the proposed sewerage networks and sewage treatment facilities include the following:  National Environment Policy (2013)  National Environmental Sanitation Policy (2010)  National Health Policy (2007)  National Water Policy (2007)  Community Water and Sanitation Programme (1994)  The Ghana Climate Change Policy, 2012 National Environment Policy (2013) The National Environmental Policy was formulated in 1995 and revised in 2013. The ultimate aim of this policy is to improve the surroundings, living conditions and the quality of life of the entire citizenry, both present and future. It seeks to promote sustainable development through ensuring a balance between economic development and natural resource conservation. The policy thus makes a high quality environment a key element supporting the country’s economic and social development. This project therefore falls in line with the broad aspirations of the NEP, 2013. National Environmental Sanitation Policy (2010) The revised environmental sanitation policy seeks to refocus the priorities of the sector, so it is forward looking and effectively embraces the challenges of changing life-styles associated with modernization and improving wealth status. The policy lays the basis for developing a systematic approach and framework for identifying and harnessing resources for value-for-money (economy, effectiveness and efficiency) services to all. Metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies as per the policy are required to carry out various functions with respect to environment sanitation including waste management. Specifically, the Assemblies shall ensure the availability of facilities for the safe handling and disposal of human excreta (nightsoil and sewage), industrial waste, animal manure, industrial sewage and domestic/commercial wastewaters. These include excreta disposal facilities and systems for the conveyance (sewerage, vehicular, manual), treatment and final disposal of liquid wastes. National Health Policy (2007) The National Health Policy which aims at creating wealth through health, among other things places emphasis on improvements in personal hygiene, immunisation of mothers and children. The National Health Policy also argues that a healthy population could only be achieved if there were improvements in environmental hygiene and sanitation, proper housing and town planning, provision of safe water, safe food and nutrition and encouragement of regular physical exercise. 5 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS National Water Policy (2007) The National Water Policy was formulated in 2007 with an objective to “promote an efficient and effective management system and environmentally sound development of all water resources in Ghana.� The highlight of the policy is the recognition that water resources have competitive and conflicting uses and is organised around three themes namely water resources management, urban water supply and community water and sanitation. Focus Area 4 of the urban water supply theme relates to hygiene and environmental sanitation. The specific objective is to minimize the pollution of water sources from poor environmental sanitation services (i.e. indiscriminate discharge of solid/liquid wastes from domestic, commercial and industrial activities) and thus contribute to improving the health of communities. Community Water and Sanitation Programme (1994) The Government has adopted a national water supply and sanitation programme to rationalize the water sector to promote and improve the delivery of water services in terms of economy, efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction. The long term goals of the programme are generally directed at covering the entire country with potable water and adequate sewage disposal system by the year 2020 with emphasis on payment of adequate tariffs by consumers to ensure full cost recovery and to provide revenue for operations and maintenance and replacement of systems. The Ghana Climate Change Policy, 2012 The policy is designed to ensure a climate resilient and climate compatible economy while achieving sustainable development through equitable low carbon economic growth for Ghana. It provides a clearly defined pathway for dealing with the challenges of climate change within the current socioeconomic context of Ghana, and looks ahead to the opportunities and benefits of a green economy. Production of biogas is expected as a by-product (of anaerobic digestion) of sewage treatment. The biogas will be stored in a biogas holder to have a secure amount of biogas and pressure. The biogas produced will partially be used for thermal drying of the solid fraction. 2.2 NATIONAL LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK The national legislation and regulations particularly relevant to the proposed project include the following:  The Constitution of Ghana  Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1994 (Act 490)  Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (LI 1652);  Fees and Charges (Amendment) Instrument, 2015 (LI 2228)  Water Resources Commission Act, 1996 (Act 522)  Local Governance Act, 2016, (Act 936)  Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 1963 (Act 186)  The State Lands Act, 1963 (Act 125)  The Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651)  Workmen’s Compensation Law, 1987 (PNDCL 187)  The Hazardous and Electronic Waste Control and Management Act, 2016 (Act 917) 6 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  The Hazardous Electronic and Other Wastes (Classification), Control and Management Regulations, 2016 (LI 2250)  The Public Health Act, 2012 (Act 851)  The Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970 (Act 328)  The Land use and Spatial Planning Act, 2016 (Act 925)  The Fire Precaution (Premises) Regulation, 2003 (LI 1724) The Constitution of the Republic of Ghana (1992) The country is governed by a constitution which provides for a three tier system of governance: The Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary acting independently and inter-dependently of each other. Chapter Six of the Constitution “The Directive Principles of State Policy� provides the broad framework and guidance for all decisions regarding application of the constitution itself and actions of all citizens, Parliament, the President, the Judiciary, the Council of State, the Cabinet, political parties and other bodies. It explicitly specifies obligations for the state as well as citizens with respect to the environment. In Article 36 (Clause 9) it is stated that “The State shall take appropriate measures needed to protect and safeguard the national environment for posterity; and shall seek co-operation with other states and bodies for purposes of protecting the wider international environment for mankind.� In Article 41which covers the duties of a citizen it is stated that “The exercise and enjoyment of rights and freedoms is inseparable from the performance of duties and obligations, and accordingly, it shall be the duty of every citizen to protect and safeguard the environment.� The Constitution also includes some provisions in Chapter 5 “Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms’’ to protect the right of individuals to private property. In Article 20, the Constitution describes the circumstances under which compulsory acquisition of immovable properties in the public interest may be necessary. This is required for the proposed project to ensure right of way for the sewer pipeline construction and buffer zones around the sewage treatment facility. Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1994 (Act 490) The Environmental Protection Agency Act 1994 (Act 490) provides the legal mandate to the Agency to ensure compliance of all investments and undertakings, such as the proposed ASHMA LIUC environmental sanitation project, with laid down Environmental Assessment (EA) procedures in the planning and execution of development projects, including compliance in respect of existing ones. Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999, LI 1652 The Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 1652) enjoins any proponent or person to register an undertaking with the Agency and obtain an Environmental Permit prior to commencement of the project. Fees and Charges (Amendment) Instrument 2015 (LI 2228) The Fees and Charges (Amendment) Instrument 2015 (L.I. 2228) gives regulation to the Fees and Charges (Miscellaneous Provision) Act 2009, Act 793. It provides comprehensive rates, fees and charges collectable by Ministries, Department and Agencies (MDAs) for goods and services delivered to the public. The permit fees applicable to the proposed project are listed in Section 4.1. Water Resources Commission Act, 1996 (Act 522) 7 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS The Water Resources Commission Act, 1996 (Act 522) establishes and mandates the Water Resources Commission as the sole agent responsible for the regulation and management and the utilisation of water resources and for the co-ordination of any policy in relation to them. Section 13 prohibits the use of water (divert, dam, store, abstract or use water resources or construct or maintain any works for the use of water resources) without authority. The Act states under Section 24 that any person who pollutes or fouls a water resource beyond the level that the EPA may pre-scribe, commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine or a term of imprisonment or both. The effluent to be discharged from the proposed sewage treatment plant must meet the specified receiving water quality for the Gbemi stream. Local Governance Act, 2016 (Act 936) The Local Governance Act, 2016 (Act 936) empowers the Metropolitan/Municipal/District Assemblies to be responsible for the development, improvement and management of human settlements and the environment in the district. Section 91 (1) states that a person shall not carry out a physical development in a district except with the prior written approval in the form of a written permit issued by the District Planning Authority. The proposed project falls within the administrative jurisdiction of the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly from which the requisite permits have been sought. Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 1963 (Act 186) The Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 1963 (Act 186) details the process involved in the occupation of land for the purpose of the construction, installation and maintenance of works of public utility, and for the creation of rights of way for such works. Further to this act, the statutory wayleave registration 1964 provides procedural details and grievance redress mechanism. This legislation is applicable to issues relating to project affected persons (PAPs). The State Lands Act, 1963 (Act 125) The Act 125 vests the authority to acquire land for the public interest in the President of the Republic. It also gives responsibility for registering a claim on the affected person or group of persons and provides details of the procedure to do this. The State Lands Act, 1962 provides some details to be taken into consideration when calculating compensation such as definitions for (1) cost of disturbance, (2) market value, (3) replacement value, and so on. This legislation is applicable to issues relating to project affected persons (PAPs). The Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) The Labour Act stipulates the legal regime relating to labour, employers, trade unions and industrial relations. Act 651 contains a number of specific provisions relating to an employer’s duty to its workers which include the following: protection of employment; general conditions of employment; employment of women; employment of young persons; fair and unfair termination of employment; special provisions relating to temporary and casual workers; trade unions and employers’ organizations; occupational health safety and environment; and strikes. This legislation is applicable to issues relating to workers to be employed on the various phases of the sewerage project. Workmen’s Compensation Law, 198, (PNDCL 187) It is to provide for the payment of compensation to workmen for personal injuries caused by accidents arising out and in the course of their employment. The tenets of the law place a large share of the burden of supporting workers injured at the workplace on the shoulders of the employers. The specific sections of the legislation which are of relevance to the skilled and unskilled labour to be engaged during the pre-construction, construction, operational and decommissioning phases of the proposed project include: employer's liability for compensation; compensation in fatal cases; employer to pay medical expenses; and compensation for permanent total, partial and temporary incapacity. 8 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS The Hazardous and Electronic Waste Control and Management Act, 2016 (Act 917) This Act provides for the control, management and disposal of hazardous wastes, electrical and electronic waste and for related purposes. The Act stipulates that, a person shall not deposit hazardous waste or other wastes on any land in the country or in the territorial waters of the country. The Act also states that a person involved in the management of hazardous wastes or other wastes shall: a. Take the steps that are necessary to prevent pollution from hazardous wastes and other wastes arising from the management; and b. Where pollution occurs, minimize the consequences of the pollution on human health and the environment. The Hazardous Electronic and Other Wastes (Classification), Control and Management Regulations, 2016 (LI 2250) The regulations apply principally to waste generators, waste transporters and waste managers, but not to the generation of domestic waste which is collected by a District Assembly. The purpose of the regulations includes: • Regulating the classification, control and management of wastes; • Prescribing general duties of waste generators, waste transporters and waste managers; and • Prescribing requirements for the disposal of wastes. A key requirement for a waste generator is to ensure that the waste generated is classified in accordance with the Ghana Waste List specified in the First Schedule, among others. The Public Health Act, 2012 (Act 851) The Public Health Act 2012 is to revise and consolidate the law relating to public health to prevent disease, promote, safeguard, maintain and protect the health of humans and animals and to provide for related matters. The act is categorised into nine sections. The sections relevant to the proposed project include - communicable diseases, vector control, environmental sanitation, food and drugs and miscellaneous provisions such as declaration of public health emergency, emergency powers in respect of public health matters, health information, reporting and notification. The act prescribes the regulations and measures to guide the implementation of the various sections. The act provides specific details on the relevant stakeholders and officials; their respective responsibilities. The Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970 (Act 328) The Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970, Act 328, stipulates that, any person who intends to occupy or use any premises as a factory after the commencement of this Act shall, not less than one month before he begins to occupy or use the premises as a factory, apply for the registration of the premises by sending to the Chief Inspector a notice containing the particulars set out in the First Schedule. The certificate shall be issued annually. The Act requires all factories, offices and shops to among others, notify the Chief Inspector of accidents, dangerous occurrences and industrial diseases, post in a prominent position in every factory the prescribed abstract of the act and other notices and documentations, as well as outlines the regulations to safeguard the health and safety of workers. A first aid box or cupboard of the prescribed 9 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS standard shall be provided and maintained in every factory, office and shop so as to be readily accessible. This legislation is applicable to all the various phases of the ASHMA project. The Land use and Spatial Planning Act, 2016 (Act 925) This Act revises and consolidates existing laws on land use and spatial planning, provides for sustainable development of land and human settlements through a decentralised planning system, ensures judicious use of land in order to improve quality of life, promotes health and safety in respect of human settlements and regulates national, regional, district and local spatial planning, and generally to provide for spatial aspects of socio economic development and for related matters. The Fire Precaution (Premises) Regulation, 2003 (LI 1724) The Fire Precaution (Premises) Regulations 2003 (LI 1724) requires certain premises (e.g. offices, churches, hotels, restaurants, etc.) to have fire certificates that meet fire safety standards (e.g. adequate exits within the premises for easy evacuation, serviceable fire-fighting facilities, etc.). This legislation is applicable to all the various phases of the project. 2.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources The Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources (MSWR) is responsible for the implementation of the sanitation and water related policies and plans in the country. The MSRW has a mandate to provide safe drinking water, and sanitation services; ensure proper and timely collection and management of solid and liquid wastes; to set service standards and implement mechanisms for ensuring compliance and quality assurance; coordinate and harmonize strategies, technologies and approaches to ensure cost-effective delivery of WASH services; and leverage market mechanisms to create jobs to all segments of people living in Ghana through WASH service delivery. The Ministry has a Project Coordinating Unit (PCU) which is coordinating all the GAMA environmental sanitation projects including this project. Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (MLGRD) exists to promote the establishment and development of a vibrant and well-resourced decentralized system of local government for the people of Ghana to ensure good governance and balanced rural based development. The Ministry is responsible for policy formulation, implementation, monitoring and overall oversight of the MMDAs. Ashaiman Municipal Assembly The Ashaiman Municipal Assembly (ASHMA), the project proponent was established by the Legislative Instrument (LI) 1889 of November 2007. The functions of the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly like all other Assemblies are basically derived from the statute as mandated by the Local Government Act 1993 (Act 462), National Development Planning System Act 1994 (Act 480) and Legislative Instrument 1889 which created the Assembly. These functions, which are broadly aimed at attaining its objectives and fulfilling its mission of improving the quality of life of its people, are to:  Formulate and execute plans, programmes and strategies for the effective mobilization of the resources necessary for the overall development of the municipality. 10 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  Promote and support productive activity and social development in the municipality and remove any obstacles to initiative and development;  Initiate programmes for the development of basic infrastructure and provide municipal works and services in the municipality.  Be responsible for the development, improvement and management of human settlements and the environment in the municipality.  In cooperation with the appropriate national and local security agencies be responsible for the maintenance of security and public safety in the municipality.  Ensure ready access to courts in the municipality for the promotion of justice.  Initiate, sponsor or carry out such studies as may be necessary for the discharge of any of the functions conferred by this Act or any other enactment. Environmental Protection Agency The Environmental Protection Agency is the body responsible for regulating the environment and ensuring the implementation of government policies on the environment. The functions of the Agency include:  Ensuring compliance with any laid down environmental impact assessment procedures in the planning and execution of development projects, including compliance in the respect of existing projects;  Promoting effective planning in the management of the environment;  Imposing and collecting environmental protection levies in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency Act 1994, Act 490 or regulations made under the Act;  Acting in liaison and co-operation with government agencies, District Assemblies and other bodies and institutions to control pollution and generally protect the environment. Department of Urban Roads The Department of Urban Roads exists as a department in the Metropolitan/Municipal/District Assemblies as per the Local Governance Act, 2016, Act 936, Second Schedule. The Department of Urban Roads (DUR) is responsible for the administration, planning, control, development and maintenance of urban roads in the Municipality. The DUR shall among other functions perform the following: • advise the district assembly on the formulation and implementation of Urban Roads Policy in the District; • collect data for planning and development of the road infrastructure in the District; • establish and maintain a database on urban infrastructure in the District; • register and maintain records of classified contractors and consultants in the urban roads construction industry within the District; • facilitate the prioritization of works and preparation of annual plans for infrastructure works in the District; • assist in preparation of tender documents and tender evaluation; • prepare progress and annual reports on roads works in the District; • provide inputs into the preparation of budget for road maintenance activities; 11 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS • monitor to ensure that funds from road fund and other sources are used for the designated roads in line with approved standards; • assist with evaluation of roads designs by consultants; and • facilitate capacity building of contractors and stakeholders in the District. 2.4 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS POLICIES The GAMA SWP project triggers the Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) and the Involuntary Resettlement (OP4.12) policies. Table 2.1 presents a summary of the triggered Operational Policies and their core requirements. Table 2-1: Summary of the safeguard policies triggered by the project No. World Bank Summary of Core Requirements Operational Policy triggered 1. Environmental This policy is triggered due to the intended civil works and boundary of Assessment (OP 4.01) influence within the localities. Potential impacts will include noise generation, waste generation, community health and safety, etc. This ESIA has been prepared as part of the due diligence requirements for the assessment, management and monitoring of the environmental and social risks and impacts of the project throughout the project life cycle. The document will be disclose in-country and tin the World Bank infoshop prior to appraisal and commencement of civil works. 2. Involuntary The project will implement civil works which will lead to temporary Resettlement (OP 4.12) demolition of structures to give way for the laying of pipes, which will result to involuntary resettlement as well as temporary loss of livelihoods of 726 project affected persons (PAPs) in the beneficiary communities. A Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is been developed concurrently with this ESIA to ensure that impacts are minimized and all PAPs are adequately enumerated and compensated. 2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES The environmental guidelines relevant to the proposed project include the following:  Effluent Quality Discharge Guidelines  Ambient Air Quality Guidelines  Ambient Noise Level Guidelines. The above listed guidelines are presented in Table 2-2, Table 2-3 and Table 2-4 respectively. 12 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 2-2: Maximum Permissible Levels for Effluent Discharge into Natural Water Bodies Parameter EPA Recommended Guideline Value pH 6–9 o Temperature Increase <3 C above ambient Colour 200 TCU Turbidity 75 NTU Conductivity 1500 uS/cm Total Suspended Solids 50 mg/l Total Dissolved Solids 1000 mg/l Oil/Grease 5.0 mg/l Sulphide 1.5 mg/l Total Phosphorus 2.0 mg/l Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 50 mg/1 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 250 mg/1 Nitrate Ammonia 50 mg/1 as N 1.0 mg/l Alkalinity as CaCO3 150 mg/l Phenol 2.0 mg/l Mercury 0.005 mg/ Total Arsenic 1.0 mg/l Soluble Arsenic 0.1 mg/l Lead 0.1 mg/l Total Pesticides 0.5 mg/l Fluoride 10 mg/l Chloride 250 mg/l Sulphate 200 mg/l Total Coliforms 400 MPN/100ml E. coli 0 MPN/100ml Cadmium 0.1 mg/l Chromium (+6) 0.1 mg/l Total Chromium 0.5 mg/l 13 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Parameter EPA Recommended Guideline Value Copper 5.0 mg/l Nickel 0.5 mg/l Selenium 1.0 mg/l Zinc 10.0 mg/l Silver 5.0 mg/l Tin 5.0 mg/l Aluminum 5.0 mg/l Antimony 5.0 mg/l Benzo (a) pyrene 2.05mg/l Table 2-3: Maximum National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values Substance Time Weighted Average (TWA) Averaging Time Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) 900 µg/m3 Industrial 1 hr 3 Residential Industrial 1 hr 700 µg/m 150 µg/m 3 Residential Industrial 24 hr 100 µg/m 3 Residential 24 hr 80 µg/m3 1 yr 50 µg/m3 1 yr Nitrogen Oxides (measured 400 µg/m3 Industrial Residential 1 hr. 1 as N02) 200 µg/m3 hr. 150 µg/m3 60 Industrial Residential 24 hr µg/m3 24 hr Nitrogen Oxides (measured 400 µg/m3 Industrial Residential 1 hr. 1 as N02) 200 µg/m3 hr. 150 µg/m3 60 Industrial Residential 24 hr µg/m3 24 hr Total Suspended 230 µg/m3 Industrial 24 hr Particulate 150 µg/m3 Residential Industrial 24 hr 75 µg/m3 Residential 1 yr 60 µg/m3 1 yr PM10 70 µg/m3 24 hr Smoke 150 µg/m3 Industrial 24 hr 100 µg/m3 Residential Industrial 24 hr 50 µg/m3 Residential 1 yr 30 mg/m3 1 yr Carbon Monoxide 100 mg/m3 15 min 60 mg/m3 30 min 30 mg/m3 1 hr 10 mg/m3 8 hr Hydrogen Sulphide 150 µg/m3 24 hr Mercury 1 µg/m3 1 yr Lead 2.5 µg/m3 1 yr Cadmium 10 - 20 ng/m3 1 yr 14 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Substance Time Weighted Average (TWA) Averaging Time Manganese 1 µg/m3 24 hr Dichloromethane 3 mg/m3 24 hr (Methylene Chloride) 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.7 mg/m3 24 hr Trichloroethane 1 mg/m3 24 hr Tetrachloroethene 5 mg/m3 24 hr Toluene 8 mg/m3 24 hr Arsenic 30 ng/m3 Industrial 24 hr 15 ng/m3 Residential 24 hr Flouride 10 µg/l 24 hr Table 2-4: National Ambient Noise Level Guideline (NANLG) Zone Description of Area of Noise Reception Permissible Noise Level in Db(A) Day (0600 – 2200) Night (2200 – 0600) A Residential areas with low or infrequent 55 48 transportation B1 Educational (school) and health (hospital, clinic) 55 50 facilities B2 Areas with some commercial or light industry 60 55 C1 Areas with some light industry, places of 65 60 entertainment or public assembly, and places of worship located in this zone C2 Predominantly commercial areas 75 65 D Light industrial areas 70 60 E Predominantly heavy industrial areas 70 70 15 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 PROJECT LOCATION The project area includes the Ashaiman New Town community and TDC Quarters both located in the Ashaiman Municipality. Figure 3.1 presents an aerial image of the project areas (marked in green). Location maps are provided in Annex 1 of the report. The Ashaiman New Town community lies within the Moni-Obaanye electoral area and has an estimated land size of 1.27 km2. It is bounded by communities such as Lebanon and Community 22. The Gbemi stream stretches along the northern and western boundaries of the community. The TDC Quarters is located along the Ashaiman - Klagon Road and close to the Adjei Kojo Township. The TDC quarters which covers a land size of about 0.18 km2 lies south-west of Ashaiman New Town. 16 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Figure 3-1: Google Earth Imagery of Project 𝑨 = 𝝅𝒓� 17 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 3.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND COMPONENTS Faecal sludge management in many urban settlements in Ghana is characterized by inadequate or nonfunctional sewage treatment facilities. The faecal sludge management value chain framework for urban communities consists of various stages as illustrated in Figure 3.2:  U - User interface  S - Storage/Containment  C - Conveyance  T - (Semi-) centralized treatment  D - Use and/or disposal -Disposal/Reuse The sanitation flow diagram (SFD) presented in Figure 3.3 depicts the status quo in the country with respect to the sources and flow paths of faecal sludge and sewage in Ghana. The SFD suggests that about 98% of the total quantity of sewage and faecal sludge/septage generated is disposed of without treatment. The need to provide adequate treatment capacity is paramount. Figure 3-2: Stages of Faecal Sludge Value Chain Figure 3-3: Shit Flow Diagram for Ghana 18 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Ashaiman New Town currently has no sewage treatment facility. The sewage is on-site and collected by sewage disposal trucks periodically. The TDC Quarters on the other hand is served by a sewer network with sewage flowing to a septic tank. An existing sewage treatment pond which was built in the 1970’s was never put into use since its construction. It was intended to operate as a waste stabilisation pond. The treatment pond site covers an estimated area of 6,610m2 with two compartments of 2,831m2 located within the area of 11.2ha. The existing ponds will be reconstructed and used as final polishing ponds for the new treatment plant. A 2.3km, 400mm diameter trunk sewer will be laid to link the Ashaiman New Town (ANT) sewer network area to the new sewage treatment plant. The proposed intervention which seeks to address faecal sludge management challenges in the Ashaiman Municipal Area consists of the following project components: - Construction of a new simplified sewerage network covering Ashaiman New Town with an estimated sewage flow of 1637 m3/d. - Rehabilitation of the existing sewerage network in the TDC Quarters with an estimated sewage flow of 166 m3/d. - Reconstruction of the abandoned TDC Quarters sewage treatment pond with an increased treatment capacity of 1800 m3/d. Table 3.1 presents an inventory of the sewerage network consisting of trunk, submain and condominial sewers. The condominial branches will have a minimum diameter of 100 mm. It will have interconnections with the main network through inspection boxes or chambers. Maps showing the sewerage network coverage and pipeline routes are provided in Annex 1. Table 3-1: Sewer Pipe Lengths for Ashaiman New Town LIUC Pipe Diameter Length (km) 100 21.5 150 1.8 250 0.720 350 1.2 400 2.3 19 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 3-4: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for STP The proposed sewage treatment plant will comprise of preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatment units. Additionally, it will include sludge treatment and biogas utilization facilities. Figure 3.4 presents a schematic diagram of the unit processes for the proposed STP. Table 3.2 presents a description of the various unit processes for each of the treatment steps. Table 3.3 presents a summary of capacity of the system, efficiency of the system and expected effluent quality. The anaerobic digestion of the high strength wastewater results in the formation of biogas which will be used to generate electricity. The biogas-to-electric power generating system is estimated to generate about 2.7 MW. Table 3-2: Treatment Stages and Associated Unit Proc esses Treatment Unit Process Capacity Description of Unit Process Stage Preliminary Screening 44.1m3 Wastewater influent flows through coarse and fine screens Treatment under gravity to remove debris. Equalization tank 235m3 Equalization ensures that there is a more constant hydraulic or organic loading of downstream treatment processes. The diurnal variation of wastewater inflows can have adverse effects on the efficiency, reliability, and control of unit process operations. Primary Primary 175.1m3 This involves the separation and removal of suspended solids Treatment sedimentation tank and floatables (scum) from wastewater by physico-chemical methods. This process also leads to reductions in TSS, COD and BOD loading of the influent. Secondary Upflow bed filter 12.1m The organics fraction of the wastewater i.e. COD and BOD is Treatment (foundation) converted to biogas under anaerobic conditions in the reactor. 20 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Treatment Unit Process Capacity Description of Unit Process Stage Aerobic/anoxic 16.32m Aerobic-anoxic treatment, which is an activated sludge tank (foundation) process, is applied to reduce the nutrient content of the wastewater effluent from the UBF as well as any leftover BOD and COD. Secondary 654.3m3 This involves the removal of microorganisms (biological floc) sedimentation tank and other solids after biological treatment. The sludge is recycled to the primary sedimentation tank. Tertiary Disinfection tank 67.5m3 This is an effluent polishing process that is intended to destroy Treatment pathogens. Sludge Sludge 390m3 Sludge dewatering is basically the separation of liquid and Treatment dewatering/drying solid phase. Dewatering can be done naturally by drying beds and solar energy or by mechanical and thermal units. Biogas Biogas recovery 9.2m3 A biogas holder is required to store the biogas to have a secure Utilization and cleaning amount of biogas and pressure. The biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion process will partially be used for thermal drying of the solid fraction. Table 3-3: Capacity of STP, Efficiency of the System and Expected Effluent Quality Capacity Design Flow, Qd 1800m3/day Design Hourly Flow, Qh 90m3/h Water Quality Parameter Ammonia Suspended Total CODCr BOD5 pH nitrogen Solids (SS) phosphorus Inflow Sewage Quality 1000mg/L 500 mg/L 30mg/L 400mg/L 10mg/L - Effluent Wastewater Quality 100mg/L 25 mg/L 10mg/L 25mg/L 2mg/L 6.5~9.0 3.3 OVERVIEW OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES Each project component will comprise of pre-construction, construction and operational and decommissioning phases. 3.3.1 Project Pre-Construction/Construction Phase Activities The description of specific pre-construction/construction phase work activities to be undertaken for each of the components is presented in Table 3.4. 21 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 3-4: Work Activities for Project Components Project Description of Works Component New Sewerage  Clearing/temporal removal of structures along sewer routes Network in  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying of sewer lines Ashaiman New  Laying of trunk and collector sewers Town  Laying of condominial sewer branches  Connection of household toilet facilities or existing septic tanks/biodigesters to sewers  Construction of household connection chambers  Construction of inspection/interconnection chambers  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes Construction of  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP site Sewage  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and perimeter fencing Treatment Plant  Construction of sewage and faecal sludge storage tanks, foundations and (STP) and concrete works reconstruction of  Construction site offices, quality sampling stations, machinery equipment disused sewage housing and control rooms treatment ponds  Plant equipment installation at TDC Quarters  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes site. Rehabilitation of  Replacement of defective trunk and collector sewer lines/pipes TDC Quarters  Rehabilitation/reconstruction of defective inspection chambers Sewer Network  Emptying/desludging of existing communal septic tank at TDC Quarters  Clearing of weeds and other materials in existing ponds  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping station  Construction of fence wall along the eastern stretch of the existing treatment facility site (i.e. by the access road between the site and the TDC Quarters)  Haulage of demolishing debris (sand, stones, broken sandcrete blocks/concrete slabs, asbestos sewer pipes, etc.) to appropriate disposal site by the contractor 3.3.2 Project Operational Phase Activities The operational phase of the proposed development as per the design population projections is estimated at 20 years beyond which the capacity of the treatment plant will have to be increased to meet the needs of increased population (see Table 3.5 below). Table 3-5: Design Population and Estimate Wastewater flows Community Period Est. Population Avg. Flow (m3/d) Peak Flow (l/s) Ashaiman Initial 24,311 1,089.14 7.56 Newtown Final 37,492 1,679.64 11.66 TDC Initial 2,407 107.83 0.75 Quaeters Final 3,712 166.34 1.15 Total Final 41,204 1,846.0 12.8 The safe handling and disposal of both influent and effluent flows in accordance with EPA Guidelines can be categorized as the major operational activities at the sewage treatment plant during this phase. 22 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS The main issues of concern arising from the anticipated operational phase activities at the treatment facility include the following:  Foul smells and odours (ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and methane)  Noise pollution  Receiving water quality (i.e. Gbemi stream)  Groundwater contamination  VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions  Occupational health and safety hazards Overflows or spillages of raw sewage at manholes as well as exfiltration in sewer systems will represent the major potential operational challenge for the Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters sewerage networks. These operational scenarios may lead to public health threats in addition to having detrimental effects on the receiving air, soil and water medium. Table 3.6 presents the typical characteristics of faecal sludge from various sources in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area. Table 3-6: Faecal Sludge Characteristics Public Toilet Pit Latrine Parameter Septage Fresh Excreta Sludge Sludge BOD (g/cap-day) 1 16 8 45 TS (g/cap-day) 14 100 90 110 TKN g/cap-day) 0.8 8 5 10 3.3.3 Decommissioning Phase Activities The proposed sewerage network and treatment facilities will be utilized by the beneficiary communities as long as they are well maintained. Decommissioning during the operational phase is therefore unlikely. Nonetheless, decommissioning activities after construction works will involve the following:  Disposal of construction spoil and waste in general  Restoration of landscape around construction site  Removal of construction equipment. 3.4 EXISTING LANDUSE AND ZONING STATUS Typical of urban settlements, existing land-use types within Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters include residential, commercial (include large and small shops, chop bars, etc.), educational (schools, Information Communication Technology -ICT centres, etc.), healthcare (clinics and health centres), social and recreational (parks), religious/cultural (churches and mosques), wetlands, water bodies (e.g. Gbemi Stream) and natural habitats. The site for the sewage treatment plant which is close to a wetland reserve used to be part of a Ghana Irrigation Authority rice cultivation facility. The entire project area according to the Greater Accra Regional Spatial Development Framework (GIBB, 2017) is categorized as a fairly to marginally suitable for limited cultivation of crops. There is currently small-scale cultivation of crops within the proposed treatment plant boundaries. 23 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 3.5 LABOUR REQUIREMENT A total workforce of 45 inclusive of both skilled and non-skilled personnel is estimated for the construction phase. Skilled workers for this phase will include civil/sanitary engineer, hydromechanical engineer, geomatic engineers, sociologist/community mobilization specialist, environmental and social safeguard specialists, quantity surveyor, mason, carpenter, plumber, painter, electrician, steel bender/erecter, tiler and welder. Non-skilled workers will be mostly labourers. A total workforce of 12 is estimated for the operational and maintenance phase. Skilled workers required for this phase will include sanitary engineer, chemical engineers, waste management systems specialists, laboratory technicians, hydro-mechanical engineers, plumbers and environmental and social safeguard specialists. The non-skilled workers will include labourers and security officers. Labour influx and associated potential risks such as social conflict, gender-based violence and increased transmission of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) is not expected. Nonetheless, adequate measures have been provided in this report to ensure that risks associated with labour influx are minimized. Some of which include ensuring that workers/labourers are sourced mostly from the Ashaiman Municipality and nearby areas such as Tema and Accra. Also Code of Conduct for Contractors and workers are attached as Annex E. 3.6 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Raw materials to be used during the construction will include PVC (polyvinylchloride) pipes, sand, gravels, cement, water, wood/timber, paint, aluminum sheets, tiles, iron rods, electrical wiring and fitting, barbed wires, wire mesh, etc. The construction materials will be stored in a temporary site office. 3.7 EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY Machinery and equipment to be used will include the following:  5m3 Tipper Truck  Concrete Mixer (Min 0.5Hp)  Steel Bending Equipment Complete with Accessories  Welding Equipment Complete with Accessories  Water Pump (Min 90,000L/Hr)  Leveling Instrument  Poker Vibrator  Hand Compactor  Compressor  Other hand held tools (e.g. shovels, pickaxe, wheel barrows, etc.) 3.8 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES This section presents an analysis of project alternatives. The no-project scenario is evaluated together with alternative sewage collection/conveyance systems, STP locations and treatment process technologies with respect to their technical, economic, environmental and social features. 24 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 3.8.1 No Project Scenario The existing method for collection of faecal sludge in Ashaiman New Town involves the use of vacuum suction trucks mainly operated by private operators. The collected sludge is sent to the Nungua Farms Waste Stabilisation Pond Treatment Facility for final disposal when operational or sewage treatment plant at Mudor near Palladium, Accra. The service providers are directly engaged by households and operators of public toilets according to prevailing service charges. However, during the baseline survey, the residents in the community made serious complaints about the performance of the service providers. The “No Project� scenario will see the persistence of the status quo situation in the Ashaiman New Town community. This scenario therefore does not ensure reliable containment and transfer of faecal sludge from the project area. The lack of treatment systems in the Ashaiman Municipal Area also results in the discharge of raw sewage into receiving water bodies. Most significantly, the status quo limits the opportunities for re-use of biosolids generated from FS handling and treatment processes. 3.8.2 Sewage Collection and Conveyance Alternatives Three wastewater collection and conveyance alternatives for addressing the environmental sanitation challenges in the beneficiary communities were considered. These are:  On-Site Disposal + Motorized Emptying and Transport  Simplified Sewers  Conventional Sewers Table 3.7 presents a comparison of the various alternatives from a technical, environmental, economic and social perspective. Table 3-7: Comparison of Sewage Collection and Conveyance Alternatives Alternative Brief Description Technical Environmental Economic Social Holding of Greywater not Higher risk of surface Low capital and Very excreta in a tank properly managed. water, groundwater operating costs minimal with mechanised Effluent and sludge and soil Provides an essential social impact emptying and require further contamination from service to unsewered haulage for treatment and/or onsite greywater and areas for households disposal elsewhere appropriate discharge blackwater disposal. with on-site toilet (e.g. facilities treatment facility) Small diameter Greywater can be Surface water. Lower capital costs Very sewers which are managed groundwater and soil than conventional minimal laid at shallow concurrently. contamination is sewers; low social impact depths generally Does not require minimized. operating costs following natural onsite primary Households will no gradient of the treatment units longer be required to ground hire vacuum trucks for excreta disposal. 25 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Alternative Brief Description Technical Environmental Economic Social Sewers generally Greywater and Surface water. Very high capital Very laid according to possibly stormwater groundwater and soil costs; high operation minimal strict standard can be managed contamination is and maintenance social impact following BS concurrently minimized. costs 8005, 1987. Households will no longer be required to hire vacuum trucks for excreta disposal. The simplified sewer option can therefore be considered as the most suitable option for the safe and hygienic collection and conveyance of both greywater and blackwater flows. 3.8.3 STP Location Alternatives Two alternatives locations were considered for the siting of the new sewage treatment facility. These are:  TDC Quarters STP site - This defunct facility was constructed in the 1970’s for treating sewage from the TDC Quarters sewer network. A 2.3 km trunk sewer line to be constructed along the banks of the Gbemi stream will be required to connect the ASHMA sewerage network to the this STP as depicted in Figure 3.5.  Community 3 STP site - This 22,000 m3/d capacity facility which serves the existing Tema Municipal Sewerage System has been shut down since 2002 resulting in the discharge of raw sewage into sea without any form of treatment. A 6.5 km trunk sewer line will be required to connect the new ASHMA network to the Tema Municipal Sewerage System as depicted in Figure 3.6. Table 3.8 presents a comparison of the various alternatives from a technical, environmental, economic and social perspective. The TDC Quarters STP location can therefore be considered as the most suitable option for siting of a new sewage treatment facility. 26 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 3-5: Connection to TDC Quarters STP 27 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 3-6: Connection to Tema Sewerage Network and Community 3 STP 28 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 3-8: Comparison of STP Location Alternatives Alternative Technical Environmental Economic Social No pumping Minimization of Lower construction Very minimal social required to transfer uncontrolled costs with respect to impact beyond sewage flow from wastewater trunk sewer pipe boundary of Ashaiman New discharges to soil length and treatment treatment facility Town to new STP. and water media. plant capacity. Pumping stations Minimization of Higher construction Very minimal social required to transfer uncontrolled costs from increased impact beyond sewage flow from wastewater trunk sewer length boundary of Ashaiman New discharges to soil and larger treatment facility Town to new STP. and water media. wastewater inflow volumes (i.e. ASHMA and TMA). 3.8.4 Process Technology Alternatives Three treatment process technology alternatives for ensuring optimal removal of solids, organics, nutrients and pathogens were considered. These are:  UBF - Upflow bed filter (UBF) based secondary treatment step with nutrient removal by aerobic/anoxic process and then effluent polishing with a disinfection tank.  Co-Composting - Co-composting based secondary treatment step followed by effluent polishing with the existing waste stabilization ponds. See Figure 3.7.  WSP - Expansion of existing waste stabilization pond system. See Figure 3.8. Table 3.9 presents a comparison of the process alternatives from a technical, environmental, economic and social perspective. It can therefore be inferred that the UBF based process configuration can be considered as the most suitable option. It provides a very reliable treatment process with respect to organics, nutrients and solids, has a lower ecological footprint and minimal social impact beyond the facility boundary. The biogas recovery and utilization features provide the opportunity for reducing the energy costs. 29 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 3-7: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for Co-composting Option Figure 3-8: Schematic Diagram of Unit Processes for WSP Option 30 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 3-9: Comparison of Process Technology Alternatives Alternative Brief description Technical Environmental Economic Social Upflow bed filter Suitable for high Low ecological High operating Very minimal (UBF) based strength footprint due to cost due to social impact secondary wastewater smaller land constant beyond boundary treatment step Low sludge requirement and electricity of treatment with nutrient production. reduced solids supply facility removal by requirement for Energy generation generation. aerobic/anoxic mixers and for onsite use process and then pumps. effluent polishing with a disinfection tank Co-composting Relatively straight Medium to large Low to medium Low to medium based secondary forward to set up ecological operating cost social impact treatment stepand maintain footprint due to since co- beyond boundary followed byRequires regular land requirement. composting does of treatment effluent polishing supply of well not depend on facility with the existing sorted constant waste biodegradable electricity stabilization solid waste supply. ponds material Labour intensive Expansion of High reduction of Very large Very low Large land existing waste solids, BOD and ecological operating costs required for the stabilization pond pathogens footprint due to since plant 1800m3/d capacity system large land hydraulics is will result in extra requirements based on gravity land acquisition flow only. beyond the existing facility boundaries which may result in destruction of livelihoods and properties. 31 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL INFORMATION This chapter provides the relevant baseline environmental and social conditions for the beneficiary communities, receiving environment and the surrounding region. 4.1 LOCATION The project area includes the Ashaiman New Town community and TDC Quarters all located in the Ashaiman Municipality. Figure 4.1 shows the Google aerial imagery of the beneficiary communities. The Ashaiman New Town community is located along the Afariwa road and bounded by communities such as Lebanon and Community 22. The TDC Quarters lying southward of Ashaiman New Town is located along the Ashaiman-Klagon Road and close to the Adjei Kojo Township. 32 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Figure 4-1: Google Earth Imagery of Project Location 33 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4.2 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.2.1 Climate The Ashaiman Municipal Area lies within the dry equatorial climatic zone, which occurs along the middle to eastern coast of Ghana. Rainfall in this area ranges from 730 mm to 790 mm. The rainy season starts from April to July (the major season) and September to November (the minor season). Figure 4.2 shows the monthly variation of rainfall within this climatic zone. Temperatures are high throughout the year and range between 22 – 32 °C. Humidity varies with the seasons with a high of 60-80% in the wet season and less than 30% in the dry periods. Figure 4-2: Monthly Variation of Rainfall 4.2.2 Surface water and Groundwater Hydrology The Ashaiman Municipality lies within the Sakumo drainage basin. The Sakumo Basin consists of the Onukpawahe, Mamahuma, Dzorwulu and the Gbagla-Ankonu (Gbemi) streams. Both Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters naturally drain into the Gbemi stream, which is a tributary of the Dzorwulu stream. The Sakumo basin is low lying and generally flat. Maximum elevations within the basin rarely exceed 60m above sea level. Figure 4.3 presents a surface water hydrology map of the project area. Effluent from the proposed sewage treatment facility will be discharged into the Gbemi stream, about 35m from the proposed site for the treatment facility. The depth to groundwater table is between 5-15m. Groundwater yield and recharge rates are low. Groundwater vulnerability in the Dahomeyan formation is generally considered as low. The lower weathered zone builds a low yielding aquifer. Overburden consists of clayey sands or loam of low permeability. 34 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4.2.3 Geology, Soils and Vegetation The Ashaiman Municipality is underlain by the Precambrian rocks of the Dahomeyan formation: metamorphic rocks mainly consisting of granite, gneiss and schist probably derived from sedimentary layers. Primary porosity as well as fracturing of the massive paragneiss is very low. The lower weathered zone builds a low yielding aquifer. Overburden consists of clayey sands or loam of low permeability. The soils in this geographical area are mainly Regosolic Groundwater Laterites. They consist of few centimeters to several meters of pale-coloured sands overlying mottled, gravelly, sandy clays underlain by weathered acidic gneiss or granite. The local soil series include the Simpa-Agataw and Akuse Consociation. The vegetation comprises of coastal scrub and grasslands, strand and mangrove. The coastal scrub and grasslands consist of dense clusters of small trees and shrubs which grow to an average height of five (5) metres. The grasses are a mixture of species found in the undergrowth of forests. 35 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Figure 4-3: Surface water Hydrology in Project Area 36 4.2.4 Sakumo Ramsar Site The Sakumo Ramsar site is located in the Sakumo drainage basin. It covers a land area of 1,340 hectares and was gazetted as Coastal Ramsar Site on 14 August 1992. The major ecological features in this habitat include an open lagoon, flood plains, freshwater marsh and coastal savannah grasslands. Fauna species prevalent include Spotted redshanks, greenshanks, curlew sandpiper, little stint, blacktailed godwit and black-winged stilt. The Sakumo Lagoon is located about 8 km downstream of the proposed sewage treatment plant effluent discharge point on the Gbemi stream. However, there are other wetland ecosystems within the project areas as shown in Figure 4.4. 37 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Figure 4-4: Wetland ecosystems within the Sakumo Basin 38 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4.2.5 TDC Quarters Sewerage Network and Treatment Facility The TDC Quarters sewage treatment plant is currently non-operational. Consequently, it neither receives influent nor discharges effluent to the receiving environment. Sewage from the Ashaiman TDC Quarters sewer network currently flows into a communal septic tank located within the area. Figure 4.5 presents the current conditions at the facility. See Annex 2 for detailed information. The effluent from the reconstructed facility will be discharged into the Gbemi stream after the requisite treatment processes in conformity with the EPA water quality standards. A water quality survey of the effluent from the Gbemi stream, existing manhole and chambers has been done. The parameters examined include BOD, pH, TDS (Total Dissolved Soilds), TSS (Total Suspended Solids), colour, oil in water, faecal coliform, total coliform, phosphates and nitrates. Table 4.1 and Table 4.2 present a description of the water quality sampling locations and the water quality results respectively. An aerial photo of the sampling locations is provided in Figure 4.6. Generally, the TSS, oil and grease, total coliform and faecal coliform concentrations were above the recommended Ghana EPA guideline values. Connection chamber (for pond 1 and 2) Outlet for pond 2 Inlet to pond 1 Collapsed portion of embankment of pond 2 Figure 4-5: Current Conditions at Disused STP 39 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 4-1: Description of Sampling Locations GPS Sample ID Site Description Latitude Longitude GS - 1 5.686341 -0.045552 Upstream section of Gbemi Stream GS - 2 5.860672 -0.045045 Mid-section of Gbemi stream GS - 3 5.678012 -0.041803 Downstream section of Gbemi stream. WSPA -1 5.681396 -0.044543 Waste Stabilisation Pond A WSPA -2 5.681260 -0.044843 Waste Stabilisation Pond A WSPB -1 5.681365 -0.044500 Waste Stabilisation Pond B WSPB -2 5.681265 -0.044769 Waste Stabilisation Pond B Final inspection chamber for TDC sewerage TST-3 5.681756 -0.041803 leading into septic tank 40 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Table 4-2: Results of Sample Quality Analysis Oil & Total Feacal Sample PO4 NO3 Ph (pH COL TSS BOD Grease Coliform Coliform TDS (mg/l) ID (mg/l) (mg/l) Units) (Hu) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (cfu/100ml) (cfu/100ml) GS – 1 21 1.39 0.203 328 x 103 104 x 103 7.3 75 221 850 75 GS – 2 13 0.994 0.027 465 x 103 96 x 103 7.39 10 101 350 25 GS – 3 19 0.502 0.249 84 x 103 8 x 103 7.31 10 75 325 17 WSPA -1 26 2 0.241 68x103 0 8.06 30 60 2650 32.5 WSPA -2 24 4.67 0.153 3x103 0 7.9 30 90 2150 40 WSPB -1 15 1.31 0.024 26x103 4x103 8.25 45 42 1750 35 WSPB -2 14 1.04 0.036 260x103 - 7.9 35 12 1570 29.6 TST -3 65 7.34 0.165 558x103 196x103 7.05 170 1050 740 96 EPA 10.0 2.0 50.0 400.0 10.0 6.00-9.00 200.0 50.0 1,000.0 50.0 Guideline 41 Figure 4-6: Aerial Photo of Water Quality Sampling Points SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT 4.2.1 Demographic Characteristics Based on the results of a baseline survey and analysis of the data collected, Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters have an estimated population of 24,311 and 2,407 respectively (see Figure 4.7 below). Ashaiman New Town has an average household size of 5.061 and an average of 9 households per house. Adult1 population in the community is 59.1% (14,368). 30,000 26,718 24,311 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 4,805 5,455 5,000 2,407 650 - Ashaiman New TDC Quarters Total Town Population Households Figure 4-7: Population and Household of Beneficiary Communities Male population for Ashaiman New Town is 49% whereas the household headship is dominated by males at 59.8% (see Table 4.3 below). 8% of the household heads (HHH) do not have any form of education (formal and non-formal) while 8.82% have obtained tertiary education (e.g. Training/Nursing Colleges, Universities) - see Figure 4.8. Table 4-3: Population and Household Head by Gender MALE FEMALE TOTAL Population 11,912 12,399 24,311 Household Head 2,873 1,932 4,805 Source: ASHMA community baseline survey 2015 255 , 5% 390 , 424 , 8% 9% Tertiary Secondary 662 , 14% 999 , 21% Middle school Primary Non formal 2,076 , 43% None 1 +18 according to the Ghana Statistical Service National Population and Housing Census (GSS-NPHC) 2010 43 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 4-8: Educational level of household head Ethnicity of Residents of Ashaiman New Town Majority of residents in Ashaiman New Town are Ewes. Other ethnic groups in the community include Mole-Dagbani, Guans and Gurma. The population and housing densities are estimated at 187.9 person/ha and 7.33 houses/ha respectively. Table 4.4 below provides a breakdown of ethnicity in Ashaiman New Town. Table 4-4: Ethnicity of Residents of Ashaiman New Town Ethnicity No. of Households % of Households Ewe 1,909 39.7% Akan 1,363 28.4% Ga-Dangme 951 19.8% Mole-Dagbani 320 6.7% Others 142 3.0% Guan 70 1.5% Grusi 21 0.4% Mande-Busanga 16 0.3% Gurma 12 0.3% Total 4,805 100.0% Source: ASHMA community baseline survey 2015 4.2.2 Employment and Commercial Activities The results from a community baseline survey undertaken in Ashaiman New Town indicate that 90% of household heads (representing 4,324 household heads) are self-employed. The vocations they are engaged in include petty trading, artisanship, apprenticeship, labour work, food vending, and agriculture. Figure 4.9 below provides further details on these vocations. 481 residents representing 60% of the residents of TDC Quarters work in the formal sector. 44 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS More than two occupations 0.5% Two occupations 7.8% Teaching 2.8% Public service 4.9% Petty trading 37.0% Other 14.7% Livestock farming 0.7% Labour work 12.3% Food vending 3.7% Crop farming 0.3% Banking 0.3% Artisanship 15.0% 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 Figure 4-9: Occupation of Household Head 4.2.3 Infrastructure and Municipal Services The Ashaiman New Town community has a relatively poor layout with most roads untarred. The community has several suburbs such as Star light, St. Gina, Nii Amui, New Town Station, Transformer, Methodist, Transfer Station and Happy Home. The area lacks an engineered storm water drainage network with most drains un-lined. Natural gullies and earth drains are the most common means of sullage and storm water conveyance. Figure 4.10 depicts the current conditions in New Town with respect to sullage disposal. Figure 4-10: Sullage Disposal in Ashaiman New Town Sources of Water The community has access to water supply from Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) network. From the baseline survey, 22% and 76% of households rely on in-house and public stand pipes respectively for water supply (see Table 4.5 below). Figure 4.11 presents the GWCL distribution network within the project area. Table 4-5: Source of Water for General Use Main source of water for general purposes No. of HH Percentage GWCL source public standpipe 3,664 76.26% GWCL source in-house 1,068 22.22% Community tap 49 1.01% 45 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Well in house 25 0.51% Total 4,805 100.00% Source: ASHMA community baseline survey 2015 Electricity and communication The community also has Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) power supply. There is also the presence of telecommunication lines and masts. Healthcare facilities The community has 2 Maternity Homes and a Traditional Birth Centre. Residents rely on Ashaiman Community Hospital (located) at Lebanon to access medical services. Prevalent diseases Typical of low-income urban communities, malaria was identified as the predominant WASH related disease during the baseline survey. 90% of the respondents indicated malaria as the most prevalent disease. Cholera accounted for 5.2% of the responses (see Table 4.6 below). Table 4-6: Prevalence of WASH Related Diseases as perceived by Respondents Disease Respondents % Malaria and Typhoid 5 0.1 Malaria and Diarrhea - - Malaria and Cholera 10 0.2 Malaria 4,315 89.8 Diarrhea 29 0.6 Cholera and Diarrhea 5 0.1 Cholera 250 5.2 Other 192 4.0 Total 4,805 100.0 Source: ASHMA community baseline survey 2015 46 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Figure 4-11: Layout of GWCL Distribution SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Sanitation facilities Only 7% of the residents representing 257 households have access to improved sanitation facilities. The rest rely on public toilets, shared compound toilet facilities, neighbour’s toilet or practice open defecation as shown in Figure 4.12. Figure 4-12: Access to Sanitation Source: ASHMA community baseline survey 2015 Waste management 70% (17,018) of the residents rely on door-to-door waste collection services for disposal of solid waste. The service is provided by private waste collection service providers under franchise license by the Municipal Assembly (MA) and private individuals using tricycles (‘Borla Taxis’). 82 households representing 17.2% of the households rely exclusively on communal waste containers provided by the municipal assembly. Solid waste collected in the municipality is generally transported to Kpone Engineered Landfill site for final disposal. Community layout TDC Quarters -is built as a residential estate and has a good layout. There are an estimated 1,271 houses and are mostly detached. The community has networked drainage system for sullage and storm- water conveyance. The residents are connected to GWCL water and ECG power systems. Most of the residents own their houses. The community has telecommunication lines available. Most residents have household toilet facilities connected via sewer network into a communal septic tank. Sewage from the community was originally designed to be pumped into the waste stabilization ponds of the existing disused sewage pond for treatment. 48 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS The system to be rehabilitated will involve replacing old asbestos sewer pipes with uPVC sewer pipes and reconstruction of collapsed sections of masonry embankments of the ponds. The asbestos waste2 must be carefully managed to avoid undue impact to the environment. The communal septic tank will be maintained as backup for the TDC Quarters. A bypass chamber will be provided to allow diversion of sewage to the septic tank when necessary. The Ashaiman Municipality is demarcated into four waste franchise zones as described and illustrated in Table 4.7. Table 4-7: Solid Waste Zones and Suburbs Zone Suburbs 1 Jericho, Lebanon 1, Lebanon 2, Lebanon 3, Lebanon 4, Lebanon 5 2 Official Town, Ashaiman New Town, Old Quarters, Taifa, Market Square 3 Fitter Line, Old Tulaku, Middle East, Christian Village, Community 21, parts of Community 22 4 Tsinaigbe, Manmomo, Low Cost quarters, Obakatse, Roman Down, Asensubar, Zongo Laka, Valco Flats. 4.2.4 Project Affected Persons A total of 726 Project Affected Persons (PAPs) were recorded from a socio-economic census conducted in the beneficiary communities with the view of determining the existing socio-economic conditions of PAPs and how the project might impact them. The established cut off-date to record the PAPs along the project corridor was pegged at 17th November 2018. Affected persons engaged in some form of employment such as petty trading, dress making, hair dressing, food vending was 675, representing 93% of the PAPs. The eligibility of a PAP for compensation and resettlement assistance was based on State Lands Act 1962 Section 6 (1) and World Bank Involuntary Resettlement Policy OP 4.12. For a person to be described as a project affected person (PAP), that person’s property or business activity must fall within the proposed route earmarked for the sewer pipeline. Alternatively, a project affected person must have his/her livelihood disrupted by an activity related to the proposed development. Eligible persons would include, but not be limited to those listed in the Table 4.8 below. 2 Asbestos Containing Waste (ACW): The best methodology for handling asbestos containing materials is to wet the waste with adequate water. This will prevent the release of airborne fibers into the atmosphere. Other sustainable liquids, which can be used in place of water, include, a wetting agent, amended water (water to which surfactant chemicals have been added, such as a 50:50 mixture of polyoxyethylene ester and polyoxyethylyne ether in a 0.16 % solution of water). The ACW should be visibly wet and, if bagged, droplets of moisture should be evident. Control procedures must be in place to ensure that the ACW is adequately wetted and does not dry out during handling, transport or disposal. The Contractor will liaise with the EPA on the best procedure for its final disposal. It must be ensured that the personnel wear proper PPE when handling ACW. 49 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 4-8: Type of Loss and Eligible Persons Type of Loss Eligible Persons Loss of Land (Urban or Rural) Various interest and rights – allodial title holder, freeholder, leaseholder, tenant, licensees Loss of Structure Various interest and rights – freeholder, leaseholder Business Losses - Loss of business income - Business owner/operator - Loss of business goodwill - Business owner/operator - Loss of rent income - Landlord/Lessor Loss of Business, Residential or - Residential/Commercial/Industrial Tenant Industrial Accommodation or Room - Owner of building during the reinstatement period Loss of location for temporary - Owner of temporary structure structure The enumeration/marking and classification of Affected Properties/Structures was undertaken in conjunction with the Land Valuation Division of the Lands Commission. Figure 4.13 illustrates the category of PAPs. Figure 4-13: Category of PAPs The total estimated compensation cost is GHC 279,560.00. An itemized breakdown of the cost estimates for the respective categories of PAPs is provided in Table 4.9. Table 4-9: Compensation Valuation Cost Category Number of PAPs Compensation (GHC) Loss of Livelihood 630 223,930 Disturbance 85 48,480 Livelihood & Disturbances 11 7,150 Total 726 279,560 A Resettlement Action Plan has been prepared as part of the EIA process and in compliance with the World Bank O.P. 4.12 and the GAMA Sanitation and Water Project Resettlement Policy Framework. 50 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 4.14 shows some property that will be affected by the proposed project. Figure 4-14: Property Situated along Sewer Pipe Route 4.2.5 Health Implications of Sewerage Network and Treatment Facility The construction of the sewerage networks and treatment facility in the beneficiary communities will limit the existing routes for faecal disease transmission and provide protective barriers against pathogenic contamination of air, soil and water media. The resulting effects include the reduction in the incidences of water-borne diseases, mortality rate and ultimately improve productivity of the population. 51 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 5 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT 5.1 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH Public/stakeholder participation during project planning, design and implementation is widely recognized as an integral part of environmental and social management for projects. It is a two-way flow of information and dialogue between project proponents and stakeholders, specifically aimed at developing ideas that can help shape project design, resolving conflicts at an early stage, assisting in the implementation solutions and monitoring of on-going activities. The specific objectives of stakeholder consultation undertaken for the proposed project in ASHMA included the following:  Ensure that adequate and timely information is provided to stakeholders throughout the various phases of the project  Provide the platform for stakeholders to understand the project design, potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed project and for them to voice their opinions and concerns about the project as well as offer appropriate recommendations to reduce anticipated environmental, social and health impacts of the project  Establish a formal relationship between the project proponent/implementers and the beneficiary communities throughout the life cycle of the project The approach adopted for the stakeholder consultations involved one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and public consultation meetings. One-on-one stakeholder consultations were carried out to obtain comments and concerns on the proposed project with some key stakeholders. Focus group discussions were held with residents in the Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters communities. Public consultation meetings were also organized in the beneficiary communities as well as the ASHMA conference room to elicit concerns and suggestions from the public/stakeholders. The detailed minutes for these public engagements are presented in Annex 3. 5.2 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTED The relevant stakeholders who have been consulted during the EIA study and are well-informed of the proposed sub-project include: Project Proponents  Ashaiman Municipal Assembly Beneficiary Communities  Traditional authorities (ASHMA)  Ashaiman TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents Association  Ashaiman New Town Government Institutions and Regulatory Agencies  Environmental Protection Agency  Tema Development Corporation  MLGRD-PCU  Ghana Education Service-SHEP 52 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  Ghana Water Company Limited  Electricity Company of Ghana  ASHMA Municipal Urban Roads Unit Telecommunication Service Providers  MTN Ghana Limited  Vodafone Ghana Ltd Political and Administrative Authorities  Municipal Chief Executive (ASHMA)  Assembly members (ASHMA)  Unit Committee Members (Moni Obanye) Enterprise Sanitation Solution Providers  TREND Ltd  VULPEC Ltd  Sanigreen Ltd Financial Institutions  Adom Boafo Microfinance  HFC Bank 5.3 KEY ISSUES AND CONCERNS FROM STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS A chronology of public engagements undertaken during the EIA is presented in Table 5.1. Table 5.2 below presents a summary of the major issues and concerns discussed at each of these engagements. The issues and concerns raised have been incorporated in project design. Photographs of these consultative meetings are provided in Figure 5.1-5.8. The detailed information is provided in Annex 3. Table 5-1: List of Public/Stakeholder Engagements Meeting Description of Public/Stakeholder Date Venue ID Engagement Meeting 1 Stakeholder meeting on the WASH Infrastructure 05/8/2016 GUSSY Hotel, and Service Options Ashaiman Meeting 2 Stakeholder meeting with TDC Quarters- 17/9/2017 TDC Quarters Ashaiman Residents’ Association Community, Roman Catholic Church Meeting 3 Consultative meeting with TDC Committee on 12/10/2017 ASHMA Assembly Hall Proposed Simplified Sewerage Network System Meeting 4 Consultative meeting with 9/11/2018 ASHMA, MCE’s Institutional Stakeholders Secretariat Meeting 5 Consultative meeting with Electricity Company of 29/1/2019 District Manager’s Ghana, Tema Office Meeting 6 Consultative meeting with Vodafone Ghana 29/1/2019 Vodafone Ghana – Limited, Tema Office, (with jurisdiction over Tema Community 1, Ashaiman) Retail Manager’s Office Meeting 7 Consultative meeting with MTN Ghana Limited, 29/1/2019 MTN, Ashaiman Office Ashaiman Branch Office 53 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 5-2: Summary of Major Issues and Concerns from Public/Stakeholder Engagements No. Question/Issue raised Response by Panelists/Discussion Meeting 1 1 The choice of an appropriate community A WC/cistern flush toilet connected to simplified sanitation system for the Ashaiman New Town (condominium) sewer network and linked to a LIUC taking into consideration the high centralized treatment system was recommended for population and tenancy situation of the area. the community. 2 The location and design capacity of sewage The abandoned STP near the TDC Quarters was treatment facility for the ASHMA LIUC considered to be the most viable option. The defunct facility will be expanded to accommodate the wastewater volumes of both the TDC Quarters and Ashaiman New Town for the next 20 years (design life). Meeting 2 1 NIMBY phenomenon i.e. it was suggested that The PCU safeguards team will ensure that the the sewage should be taken elsewhere for project implementers do due diligence in treatment since it will constitute a public health identifying potential environmental, social, health hazard. and economic risks and put in place the necessary mitigation measures. 2 Concerns expressed regarding the maintenance It was clarified that the World Bank is only culture of Ghanaians and how this will impact supporting the Government of Ghana with on the proposed sewerage system and treatment financing for the project. Additionally, an facility. It was proposed the Assembly should let operational and maintenance structure will be put in the World Bank bring its own engineers to place to ensure proper maintenance of the sewerage implement the project rather than the Assembly. system and will include members of the community. 3 The stretch of land area adjoining the Gbeme The project implementers are to consider the option stream serves a hide-out for armed robbers who of constructing a fence wall to hoard off the constantly trouble the TDC Quarters community from the sewage treatment site. community. 4 The lack of awareness on proper use of sewerage Regular community consultations and engagements system was acknowledged. There is therefore will be done to ensure an effective implementation, the need for a serious sensitization and operations and maintenance of the project. awareness creation to avert such eventualities. Meeting 3 1 There are concerns that there will be a lack of The payment of appropriate user tariffs and fees adequate funding to sustain O&M of the STP as will ensure that there is adequate funding for sewer was the case in the past which resulted in the repair and maintenance activities. shutdown of the defunct facility. 2 The competence of the ASHMA municipal It is envisaged that ASHMA will have a dedicated authorities to manage the new sewerage system waste management department. was raised since the municipality does not have a dedicated and fully resourced Waste Management. 3 Security concerns about the proposed sewerage MCE promised to ensure that more policemen are network infrastructure and treatment facilities allocated to the MA to beef up security Security requirements will also be provided in the O&M Meeting 4 54 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Question/Issue raised Response by Panelists/Discussion 1 Outcome of survey on Project Affected Persons 726 persons will be affected by the proposed (PAPs) project. 2 Payment of compensation to PAPs The total compensation to be paid to PAPs is GHC 276,380.00. Payments should be done before commencement of construction works to avoid potential delays in project execution. 3 Reinstatement of affected properties and The Project Consultant is to ensure that structures. reinstatement of affected properties is done appropriately by the Works Contractor who is yet to be selected. Furthermore, the Contractor will be expected to liaise with the Municipal Works Department to ensure effective implementation. 4 Publication of Scoping Notice The ASHMA GAMA Project Coordinator is to ensure that the publication of the Scoping Notice in the national dailies is done promptly. 55 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Project Consultant making a presentation Participant asking questions Figure 5-1: Photographs from Meeting 1 56 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS MEHO addressing participants ASHMA MEHO addressing participants Participant asking questions Figure 5-2: Photographs from Meeting 2 57 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS GAMA SWP Coordinator addressing participants Participant asking questions Figure 5-3: Photographs from Meeting 3 58 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Power Point presentation by Consultant Participants discussing key issues Figure 5-4: Photographs from Meeting 4 59 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Consultative meeting with District Manager of ECG Figure 5-5: Photographs from Meeting 5 Consultative meeting with Retail Manager, Vodafone Ghana Limited, Tema Figure 5-6: Photographs from Meeting 6 Consultative meeting with MTN Ghana Ltd , Ashaiman Branch Head Figure 5-7: Photographs from Meeting 7 60 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS IDENTIFICATION AND PREDICTION This chapter provides descriptions of the identified potential environmental issues and impacts likely to be associated with the proposed construction, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of the sewerage networks and treatment facilities. These findings are based on field observations, computer modelling, stakeholder concerns and literature review of similar projects in other jurisdictions in Ghana. 6.1 PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE 6.1.1 Geographical Area of Influence The immediate geographical area of influence for the sewerage networks and treatment facilities will be the total land area of about 1.45 km2 which is covered by the beneficiary communities i.e. Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters. The larger geographical area of influence is the Ashaiman Municipality. It is imperative to note that detailed descriptions of the project area and the relevant baseline conditions have been presented in Chapter 4 of this report. 6.1.2 Environmental Media Influence The main environmental media to be potentially influenced by the activities of the proposed project are land (landscape), air quality, groundwater and surface water resources. The specific landscape features of concern include the soil, flora and fauna at the treatment plant site and along the sewer pipeline routes. The air quality may also be impacted by dust and gaseous emissions from construction activities and odour from sewage treatment processes and sewerage network appurtenances. Spillages and leakages from construction activities, sewer pipelines, manholes and sewage treatment tanks will have an impact on groundwater resources. Cleaning and flushing of the existing manholes, sewer lines and septic tank are other sources of environmental influence. Effluent from the sewage treatment plant will be discharged into the nearby Gbemi stream. 6.1.3 Community Influence The local communities of concern in the project area are the Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters which have an estimated current population of 24,311 and 2,407 respectively. 6.1.4 Institutional Influence The major institutions to be involved and influenced by the project in accordance with their statutory mandates include:  Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources  Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development  Ashaiman Municipal Assembly  Environmental Protection Agency;  Project Consultant (WasteCare/People Dialogue)  Works Contractors 61 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 6.2 PROJECT ACTIVITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS Activities of potential environmental and social impacts identified with the proposed project are outlined under four main phases of the project activities:  Pre-construction  Construction Phase  Operations and Maintenance Phase  Decommissioning Phase . 6.2.1 Pre-construction Phase Key activities to be carried out at the pre-construction phase are indicated in Table 6.1 Table 6-1: Activities to be undertaken during Pre -Construction Activity Description of Work Consultation with Segmented focus group engagements (i.e. with vulnerable, women, disability, stakeholder youth) will be carried out. Payment of Payment of compensation to eligible PAPs as contained in the compensation Compensation matrix. Ambient Noise Ambient noise quality of the project/construction sites will be measured as part Assessment of pre-construction activities Air Quality Assessment Air quality assessment of the project/construction sites 6.2.2 Construction Phase The description of works for the various construction phase activities are presented in Table 6.2. Table 6-2: Work Activities for Construction Phase Activity Description of Works Construction of  Clearing/temporal removal of structures along sewer routes New Sewerage  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying of sewer lines Network  Laying of trunk and collector sewers  Laying of condominial sewer branches  Connection of household toilet facilities or existing septic tanks/biodigesters to sewers  Construction of household connection chambers  Construction of inspection/interconnection chambers  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes Construction of  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP site Sewage Treatment  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and perimeter fencing Plant and and  Construction of sewage and faecal sludge storage tanks, foundations and concrete reconstruction of works disused sewage  Construction site offices, quality sampling stations, machinery equipment housing treatment pond and control rooms  Plant equipment installation  Haulage and appropriate disposal of wastes 62 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Activity Description of Works Rehabilitation of  Replacement of defective trunk and collector sewer lines/pipes TDC Quarters  Rehabilitation/reconstruction of defective inspection chambers Sewer Network  Emptying/desludging of existing communal septic tank at TDC Quarters  Clearing of weeds and other materials in existing ponds  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping station  Construction of fence wall along the eastern stretch of the existing treatment facility site (i.e. by the access road between the site and the TDC Quarters)  Haulage of demolishing debris (sand, stones, broken sandcrete blocks/concrete slabs, asbestos sewer pipes, etc.) to appropriate disposal site by the contractor. 6.2.3 Operations and Maintenance Phase The operational phase of the proposed development as per the design population projections, is estimated at 20 years beyond which the capacity of the treatment plant will have to be increased to meet the needs of increased population. The safe handling and disposal of both influent and effluent flows in accordance with EPA Guidelines can be categorized as the major operational activities at the sewage treatment plant and the sewer pipeline network during this phase. This would specifically include the following:  Environmental quality assurance/monitoring (effluent quality monitoring, water quality monitoring of the Gbemi stream, air-quality/odour monitoring, etc.)  Waste management  Maintenance and repair works  Materials management and storage 6.2.4 Decommissioning Phase The proposed sewerage network and treatment facilities will be utilized by the beneficiary communities as long as they are well maintained. Decommissioning during the operational phase is therefore unlikely. Nonetheless, decommissioning activities after construction works will involve the following:  Disposal of construction spoil and waste in general  Restoration of landscape around construction site  Removal of construction equipment 6.3 CRITERIA FOR IMPACT EVALUATION 6.3.1 Duration of Impact  Temporary Impact: A temporary impact can last days, weeks or months, but must be associated to the notion of reversibility.  Permanent Impact: A permanent impact is often irreversible. It is observed permanently or may last for a very long term. 63 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 6.3.2 Extent of the Impact  Regional Extent: The extent is regional if an impact on a component is felt over a vast territory or affects a large portion of its population.  Local Extent: The extent is local if the impact is felt on a limited portion of the zone of study or by a small group of its population.  Site-specific Extent: The extent is site-specific if the impact is felt in a small and well defined space or by only some individuals. 6.3.3 Intensity of the Impact  Strong Intensity: The intensity of an impact is qualified as strong when it is linked to very significant modifications of a component.  Average Intensity: An impact is considered of average intensity when it generates perceptible disturbance in the use of a component or of its characteristics, but not in a way to reduce them completely and irreversible.  Weak Intensity: A weak intensity is associated with an impact generating only weak modifications to the component considered, without putting at risk some its utilization or its characteristics. 6.3.4 Impacts Severity  Major Impact: An impact of major significance is one where an accepted limit or standard may be exceeded, or large magnitude impacts occur to highly valued/sensitive resource/receptors. Repercussions on the environment are very strong and cannot easily be reduced.  Moderate Impact: An impact of moderate significance is within accepted limits and standards. Moderate impacts may cover a broad range, from a threshold below which the impact is minor, up to a level that might be just short of breaching an established (legal) limit. Repercussions on the environment are substantial but can be reduced through specific mitigation measures.  Minor Impact: An impact of minor significance is one where an effect will be experienced, but the impact magnitude is sufficiently small and well within accepted standards, and/or the receptor is of low sensitivity/value. Repercussions on the environment are significant but subdued and may or may not require the application of mitigation measures. 6.4 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE IMPACTS The potential positive impacts of the proposed construction of the sewerage network and treatment facilities are stated and evaluated in Table 6.3. Table 6-3: Evaluation of Potential Positive Impact 64 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance Impact on Water Resources 1 Improved water Water bodies The wastewater treatment facility and Major quality of (Gbemi stream), rehabilitated/extend sewerage network will groundwater and residents result in an improvement in physical, chemical surface water and biological water quality on surface water resources in the and groundwater resources. This can be Sakumo attributed to the following: Basin  Improved quality of discharged effluents from TDC Quarters into the Gbemi stream  Reduced uncontrolled sewage and sullage discharges into water courses in the New Town community. The impact will be major and last throughout the duration of the project. Socio-Economic Impacts 2 Improved local Beneficiary The provision of the proposed sanitation Major public health in communities, infrastructure will result in improved local beneficiary municipality public health in the beneficiary communities, communities This is in specific reference to the following benefits:  Reduction in uncontrolled wastewater discharges, thus reducing risks of microbiological and organic contamination;  The provision of proper wastewater collection and disposal systems in the communities  An overall improvement in environmental conditions resulting in improved health conditions  Proper treatment of discharged effluents, decreasing aesthetic pollution of surface drainage systems and odours thus ensuring an added value to the beneficiary communities. The impact will be major and last throughout the duration of the project. 3 Employment Local The proposed project will create direct and Moderate generation community and indirect employment opportunities for skilled general public and unskilled labour during the construction and operational phases. Generally, employment opportunities arising from the project will be gender balanced. Indirect employment opportunities of importance to the beneficiary communities include food and water vending; and petty trading mostly by women. The impact will be moderate and last throughout the duration of the project. 65 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance 4 Improving Local farmers Slurry and effluent from the bio-digester is a Moderate existing farming rich resource that can be utilized by the activities in the community/farmers around as soil adjoining areas conditioners/fertilizers and watering of crops around the respectively to enhance crop yields. The sewage treatment proposed project will ensure uninterrupted facility supply of uncontaminated organic nutrients. The impact will be moderate and last throughout the duration of the project. 6.5 EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL ADVERSE IMPACTS 6.5.1 Construction Phase The potential adverse impacts of the proposed construction of the sewerage network and treatment facilities are stated and evaluated in Table 6.4. Table 6-4: Potential Adverse Impact s for Construction Phase No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance Impact on Air Quality 1 Air quality Ambient air, Construction is a source of dust emissions and Moderate deterioration construction gases that can have impacts on local air quality. workers, The primary sources of air emissions during STP residents and sewerage networks construction include:  Combustion and exhaust emissions from diesel�fuelled equipment, generators and transport vehicle  Airborne particulates (dust) from soil excavation and transportation.  Deterioration of air quality from sewer pipe replacement activities The main air pollutants likely to be associated with these emission sources include: Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Particulate Matter (PM). The impact is local and temporary, lasting during the land preparation and construction phase. Impact on Acoustic Environment 66 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 2 Vibration and noise Air, fauna, Noise generation and ground vibrations during the Major nuisance construction STP construction are mainly associated with: workers and  Construction activities, including the residents transportation/delivery of raw materials  The operation of heavy equipment, notably excavators. Most construction activities would generate average noise levels of about 10 to 19 dBALeq (h) above ambient daytime or night time traffic noise when these activities occur within about 20 meters of an adjacent land use. Given that the sewer pipeline route extends over a heterogeneous zone with disparate baseline noise levels, it is expected that baseline sound pressures especially in those quieter areas would rise by levels that would be noticed without however considerably affecting the livelihood of those using or residing close to the construction sites. Both sources of impacts are temporary in nature and of local extent. Impact on Water Resources 3 Groundwater and Land, water The major potential sources of accidental spills Minor surface water resources, include storage and re-fuelling of diesel supplies pollution from oil residents and lubricating oil as part of routine equipment spills, solid waste operations, and equipment maintenance. Fuel generation and leakages contain BTEX such as benzene and toluene and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). liquid waste. Also liquid waste that will be generated during cleaning and flushing of existing sewer pipes and the manhole serving the TDC Quarters are potential sources of liquid waste Construction activities are also likely to generate considerable volumes of solid waste including empty cement bags, piles of sand and dirt due to excavation, etc. Inappropriate waste handling and disposal practices may potentially result in groundwater and surface water contamination due to leaching and runoff. The impact is site-specific and temporary lasting during the construction works. 4 Alteration of Land, water Localized flooding or ponding during high Minor natural stormwater bodies and rainfall resulting from uncovered trenches along drainage flow paths residents the sewer pipeline routes. The impact is site-specific and temporary lasting during the construction works. 67 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance 5 Increased Water resources, Water needs during construction of the STP and Minor water residents sewerage networks include the following: consumption.  Consumption of drinking water by construction workers; and  Use of water as a raw material in the construction process.  Use of water as a raw material for pumping tests. This impact is temporary in nature and of local extent. Impact on Soils and Sediments 6 Soil pollution Soil, residents The sources of soil pollution during construction Minor works on the STP and sewerage networks include:  Soil pollution from excavation and trenching works,  Oil spills, solid and liquid waste generated during construction The disturbance to soil resulting from excavation and trenching works is restricted to STP construction area and along the sewer pipeline corridors. Additional civil works may be required for the construction and/or upgrade of access roads to the STP site. Additionally, waste handling and disposal practices throughout the course of the site preparation activities and construction works pose potential risks of soil contamination either through direct contamination (if hazardous) or through the generation of contaminated leachate. The main waste streams expected to be generated include:  Inert solid waste stream (construction waste (concrete, wood, steel, rock spoil), putrescible and packaging waste);  Liquid waste streams (grey water, sanitary wastewater and hydrotest water)  Non-inert waste streams (solvents/ chemicals, acids, paints, fuel and oils, hydrotest water, if mixed with additives).  This impact is site-specific and temporary lasting during the construction works. No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance 7 Soil erosion Soil, residents Occurrence or increase in soil erosion due to the Minor resulting from the removal of vegetative cover of soil during removal of digging of trenches and clearing of site for vegetative cover of proposed STP and the sewer pipelines. soil This impact is site-specific and temporary lasting during the construction works. 68 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Impact on Landscape and Land use 8 Visual Intrusion Landscape, Potential visual impacts expected during Moderate community and earthworks along the sewer pipeline routes residents include blocked side drains, untidy storage of construction materials and wastes. This impact will be local and temporary. 9 Indiscriminate Landscape, Indiscriminate disposal of debris/demolishing Moderate disposal of solid residents wastes for construction activities is expected. waste This may potentially result in obstruction in access/pathways, visual intrusions and silting of drains. This impact will be local and temporary 10 Land expropriation Landscape, There will be demolishing of parts of buildings Major and destruction of residents to enable the construction of sewer pipelines and private property appurtenances. However, the condominial sewers will be laid along backyards, front yards or sidewalks of buildings. Reinstatement of these assets after pipe installation will be accomplished within a short duration. The impact is site-specific and temporary lasting during the construction works. Impact on Biodiversity 11 Habitat loss or Soil, fauna, The main impacts from site clearance and civil Minor destruction for fauna, residents works related to networks construction involve flora and fauna/ the loss of vegetative cover that supports natural loss of vegetation habitats of the site fauna. Any significant damage to vegetation cover or flora will result in loss of feeding sources for local fauna. Vegetation also prevents soil erosion and any significant damage to vegetation will result in soil erosion. Construction activities will have a direct local impact on invertebrates such as snails, scorpions, spiders and ants as well as small vertebrates such as lizards present on the site area on soil cover and within the top soil layer. This impact which may occur at the STP site and along the narrow 2.3 km, 400-mm trunk sewer pipeline corridor can be described as site-specific and of minor severity as the project sites are already disturbed due to on-going human activities. 69 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance Impact on Occupational/Public Health and Safety 12 Accidents on Construction Potential accidents resulting in injury to workers Major construction sites workers, and public due to unrestricted access to the residents, construction sites, movement of haulage trucks vendors, traders and operation of machinery and equipment, fall and road users into trenches and slip and fall by members of the public. The impact is site-specific but could be of temporary or permanent duration. Socio-Economic Impacts 13 Diversion and increase Community, Cordoning off some accesses (sidewalks, allays, Major in traffic during residents roads, etc.) due to earthworks is likely to increase construction or divert human and vehicular traffic. This comes with some level of inconvenience to both motorists and pedestrians during the construction phase. Potential increase in traffic during the construction activities as a result of transport of raw materials to the construction sites/working areas. The impact is of local extent and temporary, lasting during the construction phase. 14 Damage to utility Community, Possible disruption in utility services due to Major service lines (e.g. water residents damage to service lines during excavation/earth supply lines, ground works. electrical cables and The impact is local and temporary lasting during telecommunication the construction works. cables) and drainage/stormwater channels 15 Disruption in Community, The disruption in both vehicular and pedestrian Moderate business activities residents traffic is likely to have some impact on business activities within the communities. The impact is local and temporary lasting during the construction works. 16 Disruption of services of TDC Quarters Sewer rehabilitation will proceed section by Moderate existing sewage network section. Removable flexible hoses will be provided for temporary conveyance of sewage to avoid disruption of services. 17 Labour influx, Gender- Community, Influx of labour mainly construction workers Minor based Residents into the community to seek for employment may Violence (GBV), sexual come with attendant social vices such as GBV, exploitation and abuse SEA; and increased transmission of STD/STIs. (SEA); and increased Majority of artisanal labourers will be drawn transmission of Sexually largely from the beneficiary communities This Transmitted impact may be categorised as temporal and Diseases/Infections lasting through the construction phase. (STD/STIs). 70 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 6.5.2 Operations and Maintenance Phase The potential adverse impacts for the operations and maintenance are stated and evaluated in Table 6.5. Table 6-5: Potential Adverse Impacts for Operations and Maintenance Phase No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance Impact on Air Quality 1 Odour Ambient air, STP Inlet works, grit channels, screening and grit Major generation from employees, handling, and sludge treatment units (storage, STP and residents thickening, dewatering) are the main sources of sewerage odour at STP sites. Odours from sewerage network networks are mainly related to possible leaks in sewer pipelines and overflows at manhole components chambers. Unpleasant odour from the STP and sewerage networks will lead to breathing discomfort and irritations among workers and neighbouring residents. This impact is local and will last over the design life of the facility. Impact on Acoustic Environment 2 Noise nuisance STP employees Noise during STP operation is mainly expected to Minor arise from heavy machinery and equipment such as pumps. This impact is site specific and will last over the design life of the facility. Impact on Water Resources 3 Surface and Gbemi stream, Contamination of nearby Gbemi stream could Major groundwater residents occur from partly or untreated treated effluent water pollution discharge from the STP as well as overflow of effluent holding lagoons/ponds resulting from very high rainfall. The sewage treatment plant has the requisite unit processes and site surface water drainage systems that will ensure that effluent quality complies with the Ghana EPA guidelines. The new plant level will be above the embankment level of the existing ponds and so flooding is not expected to occur. Flooding that will occur in the existing ponds is allowable under wet weather conditions since several folds of dilution would have occurred. This impact is site-specific and will be of a temporal nature. Impact on Soils and Sediments 71 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 4 Soil Soil, STP Impacts on soil during operation are expected to Minor contamination employees, result mainly from solid waste streams and sludge at STP resident generated at the plant. Solid waste streams will mainly be limited to office domestic waste, sanitary wastewater, chemicals, fuel oil and sludge. Sludge generated at the STP may cause a negative on-and offsite impact on soul if not properly treated and disposed. This impact could over through the lifespan of the project and have a site specific or local extent. Impact on Occupational Health and Safety 5 Site STP employees, Employees of the STP will be typically exposed Major environmental visitors to a variety of hazardous chemical agents health and contained within the influent wastewater flows as safety well as the reagents used in the wastewater treatment processes. These chemical agents may cause acute poisoning, damage to the respiratory system, allergies, dermatitis and chronic diseases. There is also the likelihood of contracting communicable diseases from exposure to pathogens present in the sewage. The impact is site-specific but could be of temporary or permanent duration. 6 Accidents STP employees, Plant and equipment operators may be injured by Major on work visitors slips, trips and falls on wet floors; falls into site treatment ponds, pits, clarifiers or vats or splashes of hazardous liquids; they may also suffer cuts and pricks from sharp tools. Other common hazards include electric shock, explosions, entanglement in moving machinery. The impact is site-specific but could be of temporary or permanent duration. Socio-Economic Impacts 7 Public health Land, air, water Overflow of sewage into open environment due to Major hazards bodies, lack of proper operation and maintenance of the community, system presents a public health hazard. residents Additionally, the exposure of raw sewage to the open environment due to defective/damaged manholes (chambers) may lead to the occurrence of sanitation related diseases such as typhoid, dysentery, cholera, etc. This impact could occur through the life span of the project and have local or regional extent. 6.5.3 Decommissioning Phase The potential adverse impacts for the decommissioning phase are stated and evaluated in Table 6.6. 72 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 6-6: Potential Adverse Impacts for Decommissioning Phase No. Impact Key Receptors Evaluation Significance Impact on Air Quality 1 Air quality Ambient air, There will be generation of dust as a result of Moderate deterioration construction demolition works at the sewage treatment plant workers, site and along the sewer pipeline routes. There residents will also be emissions of gaseous pollutants from the construction machinery and haulage vehicles. Emission of odour from the sewage treatment plant site and sewer pipeline. The impact is local and temporary, lasting during the decommissioning phase. Impact on Acoustic Environment 2 Vibration and Air, fauna, The operation of heavy construction equipment Major noise nuisance construction and machinery during the dismantling and workers and removal of equipment and materials at the residents sewage treatment site and sewer pipeline routes, as well as landscape restoration works will generate noise and ground vibrations. The impact is temporary and of local extent. Impact on Occupational Health and Safety 3 Accidents on Construction Potential accidents resulting in injury to workers Major construction sites workers, during the dismantling and removal of equipment residents and materials at the site, as well as landscape restoration works. The impact is site-specific but could be of temporary or permanent duration. Impact on Environment (Surface/ground water and land) 4 Surface Landscape, Improper disposal of sewage at the sewage Moderate & surface treatment plant and spillage in sewer lines prior groundwater water/ground to shut down of plant. water and water and pollution residents The impact is site-specific and temporary resulting from improper disposal/ spillage of sewage from sewage treatment plant and sewer lines 6.6 EVALUATION OF RISKS TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF PROJECT The potential risks to the sustainability of the proposed project, as identified by the stakeholder consultations, review of project documents and field inspections, are evaluated in Table 6.7. 73 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 6-7: Potential Risks to Sustainability of Project No. Risk Key Receptors Evaluation Significance 1 Financial Beneficiary The lack of adequate financial resources has been the Major Sustainability communities, bane of most sewage treatment facilities in the Gbemi stream country. The defunct STP was forced to shut down Soil, due lack of financial resources for O&M. Groundwater The chief of the TDC Quarters community has in recent times had to summon some of residents to pay for the maintenance of the burst/defective sewer lines which was causing foul odour/ stench in the community. Inadequate funding to sustain O&M of the STP will result in plant failure thereby return to the status quo condition of improper disposal of sewage and sullage. 2 Facility Beneficiary The competence of the municipal authorities to Major O&M communities manage the new sanitation infrastructure is very Capacity Soil critical in the event that facility O&M will be the responsibility of ASHMA. The Ashaiman Municipal Groundwater Assembly was carved out the Tema Metropolitan Area in November 2007. However, the municipality is yet to have a dedicated and fully resourced Waste Management Department which has the requisite technical expertise to assume full responsibility for sewerage network operation and maintenance. 3 Lack of Beneficiary A general lack of awareness on the proper use of Major awareness on communities, community sanitation infrastructure typically results proper use of Soil in a situation where residents flush all manner of sewerage materials down the sewer lines causing it to choke system Groundwater and at times burst. Frequent blockage of the sewerage network will result in high O&M costs. Simplified sewerage systems are essentially constructed with pipes that have smaller diameters compared to the conventional sewerage systems. No. Risk Key Receptors Evaluation Significance 4 Security of Beneficiary There is a high incidence of theft in the areas Major sewerage communities, adjoining the existing STP which serves as a hide-out infrastructure Gbemi stream for armed robbers who constantly trouble the TDC and equipment Quarters community. The implications of this prevailing security risk is the very high likelihood that sensitive equipment at the STP such as pumps flow regulators could be stolen thereby disrupting the operations of the facility. 74 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT This chapter presents a description of various mitigation and management measures for adverse environmental and social impacts which were characterised as moderate and major in the preceding chapter. These measures cover the construction, operations and maintenance, and decommissioning phases of the proposed project. 7.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE Mitigation and management measures prescribed for the significant adverse impacts during the construction phase are provided in Table 7.1. It must be noted that contractors tendering for the construction works would be required to prepare a Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan (C- EMP) based on the approved EIS and permit conditions, fully costed and included in their Bill of Quantities (BoQs). 75 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 7-1: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Construction Phase No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) Impact on Air Quality 1 Air quality  Clearing/temporal removal of structures  Undertake regular air quality measurement of the Contractor/ Included in deterioration along sewer routes project areas Consultant the cost of  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying of  Use well designed, well maintained and well construction sewer lines operated equipment/vehicles  Laying of trunk, collector and condominial  Switch off engines of vehicles, machinery and sewers construction equipment not in use  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP  Undertake regular watering�down at work site area/s particularly near sensitive receptors  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and  Efficiently schedule deliveries and enforcing perimeter fencing at STP site appropriate speed limits (< 20 km/h)  Rehabilitation of ponds and chambers of the  Construction vehicles and machinery should defunct sewage treatment plant travel on existing and paved tracks wherever  Construction of sewage and sludge storage possible tanks, foundations and concrete works  Dampen untarred routes of vehicles/trucks to the  Transportation of construction equipment construction sites. and machinery  Maintain stockpiles at minimum heights and in  Construction site offices, machinery the optimum shape to reduce wind erosion. equipment housing and control rooms  Install covers on back loads of dump trucks and  Replacement of defective sewer pipes and large vehicles to prevent dust generation inspection chambers  Rehabilitation of chambers and defective sewer  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping lines will be carried out in sections. Flexible station hoses will be used to convey any wastewater.  Provide nose masks for workers to put on in dusty working areas 76 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) Impact on Acoustic Environment 2 Vibration and  Clearing/temporal removal of structures  Ambient noise levels will be measured to provide Contractor/ Included in noise nuisance along sewer routes baseline information for monitoring during Consultant the cost of  Transportation of construction materials construction and operational phases construction and equipment  Ensure that only well-maintained construction  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying of equipment and machinery are used sewer lines  All vehicles and machinery should be regularly  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP maintained to reduce generation of noise site  Provide all equipment with intake and exhaust  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and mufflers where possible perimeter fencing  Any machinery, which is intermittent in use,  Rehabilitation of ponds and chambers of the should be shut off in periods of non-use defunct sewage treatment plant  Construction of sewage and faecal sludge storage tanks, foundations and concrete works  Construction site offices, machinery equipment housing and control rooms  Replacement of defective sewer pipes and inspection chambers  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping station 77 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) Impact on Landscape and Land Use 3 Visual Intrusion  Clearing/temporal removal of structures  All active construction sites should be hoarded Contractor/ Included in along sewer routes off from public view. Consultant the cost of  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying  Ensure regular housekeeping at the construction construction of sewer lines site.  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to STP  Ensure an acceptable post-construction site as site per provisions in the contract.  Site preparation, drainage, landscaping and  Remove all construction equipment and perimeter fencing construction materials from the site immediately  Replacement of defective sewer pipes and after completion of work. inspection chambers  Rehabilitation/reconstruction of defective inspection chambers  Rehabilitation of broken-down pumping station 4 Land  Clearing/temporal removal of structures  Establish a consultative process with potential MSWR-PCU, Included in expropriation along sewer routes affected persons families (PAPs) ASHMA, RAP Budget and destruction of  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying  Ensure fair and full compensation as per the Contractor, private of sewer lines Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) Consultant property  Laying of trunk, collector and condominial  Reinstate any damaged property such as sewers pavements, etc. Include in the  Replacement of defective trunk and cost of collector sewer lines/pipes construction 78 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) 5 Loss of  Site preparation  Do not clear vegetation or excavate beyond Contractor Included in vegetation  Excavation works areas demarcated to be involved in the the cost of construction activities in order to control construction impact on flora and fauna and minimize soil erosion  Replant disturbed areas to restore vegetation 6 Soil erosion  Site preparation  Only excavate the trenches when the sewer Contractor Included oin  excavation pipes are ready for laying the  Ensure to backfill all construction excavated areas immediately after the pipe cost laying is done  Cover all disturbed areas immediately  Do not undertake excavation activities during aggressive weather conditions 7 Generation and  Demolishing of parts of existing structures  Reuse excavated materials that are suitable for Contractor/ Included in disposal of solid along sewer routes backfilling to reduce waste Consultant the cost of waste  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying  Provide dust bins on site for temporary storage construction of sewer lines of garbage such as food, food packs, cement bags, drinking water sachet, containers, pieces of wood  Separate bins shall be provided at the construction and project sites (post- construction) to afford a minimum of separation of plastics/paper/glass, metal and food wastes.  Collect and dispose all solid waste to disposal site on daily basis  Dispose all waste at approved AsHMA waste disposal sited  Contractor to prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan 8 Contamination of  Spillage of oil/grease from construction  Do not wash, clean or refuel construction Included in water resources machinery/equipment equipment/machinery at the construction sites Contractor the cost of construction 79 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS)  Leakage of stored oils/lubricants on or in the Gbemi stream, or in nearby drains in the construction site construction community  Indiscriminate disposal of sewer cleaning  Maintenance of construction water and faecal sludge in the manhole at equipment/machinery should not be undertaken the TDC Quarters at the construction sites or near drains in the construction sites  Properly collect and dispose all flushing/cleaning water from the existing sewer pipelines and sludge contained in the manhole sludge in the manhole at the TDC Quarters to approved liquid waste disposal site Impact on Occupational/Public Health and Safety 10 Accidents on  All construction activities  Contractors should provide Environmental, Contractor/ Included in construction sites Social, Health and Safety Plan to guide the Consultant the cost of construction activities by the workers. construction  Provide appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers  Ensure that all workers use the PPEs at all times  Provide proper induction on safety for all workers  Train all workers on the safety plan  Provide signage to warn workers of danger zones and potential construction hazards  Provide first�aid box and stock with appropriate drugs at all times. Train the workers on how to use the first-aid box  Unauthorised personnel should not be allowed at the active construction sites  Provide HIV/AIDs awareness education to the workers  Provide toilet on site for the workers  All cases of accidents should be documented and reported 80 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) 11 Public Health  Provide signages at the project site and other Contractor Included in and safety vantage points to warn pedestrians and the cost of motorists about danger at the project site construction  Cover all excavated trenches immediately to avoid people falling into them  Provide alternative access routes to pedestrians and motorists where their access routes are to be blocked  Do not deposite wastes on the community walkways in the project communities  All construction vehicles should observe a speed limit of 20k/hr within the project communities Socio-Economic Impact 12 Diversion and  All construction activities  Develop a Traffic Management Plan (Alternate ASHMA, Included in increase in traffic access routes should be identified and Contractor, the cost of during construction communicated to the residents before starting Consultant construction /during construction) to ensure uninterrupted movement of pedestrians and motorists during excavation and laying of the sewer lines.  Provide alternative routes where access routes will be affected by the project activities  Efficiently schedule material and equipment deliveries outside peak traffic hours  Ensure delivery trucks hired/contracted are in good condition to prevent breakdowns on roads.  Remove all construction equipment from the site after completion of work  Do not park construction equipment on access roads in the construction community  Ensure speed limit of 20km/h for construction vehicles and equipment during the construction 81 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) 13 Damage to utility  Clearing/temporal removal of structures  Consult and continuously liaise with utility ASHMA, Included in service lines (e.g. along sewer routes service providers to obtain accurate Service the cost of water supply lines,  Earthworks/trench excavations for laying information about utility service lines and providers, construction ground electrical of sewer lines assets within proposed sewerage network Contractor, cables and  Rehabilitation of 0.9 km access road to corridors. Consultant telecommunication STP site  Realign all affected utility service lines. on cables) and  Replacement of defective sewer pipes and  Promptly inform the service providers and the drainage/stormwater inspection chambers ASHMA of any damaged utility service lines channels and assets 14 Labour influx,  Artisanal labour recruitment  Recruitment of artisanal labourers from Contractor/ Cost of Gender-based  Poor supervision of workers beneficiary communities Consultant construction Violence (GBV),  Unavailability of code of conduct for  Periodic sensitisation of workers on GBV, sexual exploitation SEA; and STD/STIs. workers/managers to sign and abuse (SEA);  Provide code of conduct for and increased  Poor enforcement of requirements of transmission of code of conduct workers/managers Sexually  Signing of Code of Conduct Transmitted by all contractor/subcontractor workers Diseases/Infections  Enforce code of conduct (STD/STIs). 15 Disruption in  All construction activities  Inform residents on the scope and duration of Contractor/ Cost of business activities  construction activities at specific locations Consultant construction within the community to minimize inconvenience.  Ensure mobile construction equipment are not parked haphazardly to obstruct walkways.  As much as possible, do not dump construction materials in walkways.  Provide safe alternative routes for pedestrians where walkways will be obstructed. 82 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Estimates Impacts (GHS) 16 Disruption of  Replacement of defective sewer pipes and  Rehabilitate of chambers and defective sewer Contractor/ Included in services of existing inspection chambers lines will be carried out in sections. Consultant cost of sewage network  Flexible hoses will be used to convey any construction wastewater Total Included in cost of construction 7.2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PHASE Mitigation and management measures prescribed for the significant adverse impacts during the operation and maintenance phase are provided in Table 7.2. It must be noted that costs will generally be dependent on the type of equipment ultimately selected and installed. Table 7-2: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Operation and Maintenance Phase No. Environmental and Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates Social Impacts Impact on Air Quality 83 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental and Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates Social Impacts 1 Odour generation  Operational, maintenance and  Odours will be reduced or prevented through normal Plant operator, Included in from STP and repair activities at the STP housekeeping, improved operation, and maintenance EPA, ASHMA operator’s sewerage network  Waste management at STP procedures along with proper management. O&M costs components  Ensure to kept sludge transfer systems clean such as  Materials management and conveyors, screw pumps, and conduits, to prevent storage at STP generation of odours.  Equipped the plant with an odour control system, where feasible, to facilitate abatement of odour emissions from screen and grit chambers, primary sedimentation tank, UBF and sludge processing units.  Store of all malodorous solid waste (screenings, grit etc.) in closed units so as to minimize and control the risk of residual odours. Impact on Occupational Health and Safety 84 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental and Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates Social Impacts 2 Site environmental  Operational, maintenance and  STP operator should have a Health & Safety Policy to Plant operator, Included health and safety repair activities at the STP guide the day to day operations at the facility. EPA, ASHMA in  Waste management at STP  Provide and enforcing the use of appropriate Personal operator’s Protective Equipment (PPE) O&M costs  Materials management and storage at STP  Properly label and storing chemicals (chlorine gas or powder), oils, and fuel to be used on�sites;  Provide safety education and training for system staff and enforcing adherence to safety procedures set in and around the plant facility  Conducting routine and periodic medical examinations on STP staff. 3 Accidents on work  Operational, maintenance and  Restrict unattended public access to the wastewater Plant operator, Included in sites repair activities at the STP treatment plants by proper fencing and guarding ASHMA operator’s O&M  Waste management at STP  Provide hand railing at all access corridors above and costs around all open treatment units  Materials management and storage at STP  Provide appropriate safety equipment, fire protection measures, and monitoring instruments  Ensure that adequate and accessible first�aid is provided at all times. Socio-Economic Impact 85 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental and Project Activities Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates Social Impacts 4 Public health and  Operational, maintenance and  Prepare, implement and monitor a pollution abatement Plant operator, Included in sanitation repair activities at the STP and contingency plan EPA, ASHMA operator’s O&M (plant failure)  Ensuring redundancy in the WWTP design; costs  Operational, maintenance and  Ensuring adequate training of plant operators to minimize repair activities on sewerage the risks and effects of abnormal conditions. network (pipeline leakage)  Regular inspection and maintenance of electrical and mechanical components at pumping stations  Immediately report any sewer pipe leakages to ASHMA works department municipal/governmental representative; and  Stopping the source of leak (close valve, seal pipe, seal hole or as appropriate) as soon as possible.  Fencing around the whole project site to prevent unauthorised entry. 7.3 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE Mitigation and management measures prescribed for the significant adverse impacts during the decommissioning phase are provided in Table 7.3. It must be noted that contractors tendering for the decommissioning works would be required to prepare an ESMP based on the approved EIS report and permit conditions, fully costed and included in their BoQs. Table 7-3: Mitigation Measures/Actions for Decommissioning Phase 86 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Activities Estimates Impacts (GHS) Impact on Air Quality 1 Air quality  All  use well designed, well maintained and well operated Contractor/Consultan t 15,450.00 deterioration decommissi equipment/vehicles oning  Ensure to water �down work area/s particularly near activities sensitive receptors  Travel on existing and paved tracks wherever possible  Install covers on back loads of removal trucks and large vehicles Impact on Acoustic Environment 2 Vibration and noise  All  All vehicles and machinery should be maintained in Contractor/Consultan t 15,400.00 nuisance decommissi good working condition oning  Equip all equipment with intake and exhaust mufflers activities where possible  Any machinery, which is intermittent in use, should be shut off in periods of non�use Impact on Occupational Health and Safety 3 Accidents on  All  Contractors to provide a Health & Safety Policy to Contractor/Consultan t 11,375.00 construction sites decommissi guide the demolition activities. oning  Provide and enforce the use of appropriate Personal activities Protective Equipment (PPE)  Provide warning signs to reduce potential demolition hazards  Ensuring that qualified and accessible first�aid is provided at all times  Use caution tapes and warning signs at the construction sites around trenches and excavations.  Implement measures on community health and safety during demolition works  Ensure Code of Conduct is signed by Contractor and workers Impact on Environment (Surface/ground water and land) 87 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS No. Environmental Project Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost and Social Activities Estimates Impacts (GHS) 4 Surface &  All  Treatment and proper disposal of sludge/residues from Consultant/Contractor 17,000.00 groundwater water decommissi sewage treatment at approved disposal site and pollution oning  Complete flushing out of sewer pipe prior to resulting from activities decommissioning of plant improper disposal/ spillage of sewage from sewage treatment plant and sewer lines Total 59,225.00 88 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 7.4 MITIGATING MEASURES FOR POTENTIAL RISKS TO SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT Mitigation and management measures for the potential risks to the sustainability of the project are provided in Table 7.4. Table 7-4: Mitigation Measures for Potential Risks to Sustainability of Project No. Risk Proposed Mitigation Measures Implementation Responsibility Cost Phase Estimates 1 Financial A Facility Operation and Maintenance Plan (FOMP) which will be Operations Consultant FOMP Sustainability prepared will provide modalities on the appropriate revenue ASHMA Budget mobilization and disbursement arrangements required for financial Plant Operator sustainability. Residents in the beneficiary communities will be required to pay levies for using the new facilities. These levies would also be used to finance O&M activities. 2 Facility O&M The FOMP will provide modalities on the appropriate scheduling of Operations ASHMA FOMP Capacity periodic maintenance tasks and timely replacement of equipment and Plant Operator Budget machinery at the STP as well plant and the sewer pipes and appurtenances. 3 Lack of awareness A project steering committee which membership includes the TDC Construction ASHMA FOMP on proper use of Quarters/Low Cost Residents Association has been formed. Operations Plant Operator Budget sewerage system The preparation of the FOMP will involve all necessary stakeholders to ensure the sustainability of the entire simplified sewerage facility. Regular community consultations and engagements will be done to ensure an effective implementation, operations and maintenance of the project during all implementation phases. 4 Security of Construction ASHMA FOMP Monitoring on the installed sewerage network will be done by ASHMA sewerage to ensure security of sewer line. Operations Plant Operator Budget tbd infrastructure and equipment 89 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN This Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) addresses the framework for the mitigation of impacts identified in the Impact Assessment, and proposes the following:  Mitigation measures to be implemented during the project's pre-construction, construction and operation phases;  References to control guidelines and standards  Responsibilities for the implementation of the plan  Verification, monitoring and training requirements  Reporting requirements  Grievance redress process for managing grievances during the project construction and operation period.  Overall cost estimates for mitigation measures and monitoring, whenever possible/applicable. The overall objectives of the ESMP are to ensure project compliance with EPA requirements and World Bank safeguards, and to provide the client and the contractors with clear and specific guidelines to undertake the appropriate monitoring activities and compliance inspection programs. The ESMP may be subject to updates and modifications by the project proponent throughout the Project lifetime. 8.1 ESMP Table The ESMP table is summarized in Table 8.1. 90 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 8-1: ESMP for the STP Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Pre-Construction/Construction Phase Air Quality Air quality  Air quality measurement of the project areas Contractor/Consult Included in the deterioration from  Use well designed, well maintained and well operated ant cost of particulate and equipment/vehicles construction gaseous emissions  Switch off engines of vehicles, machinery and construction equipment not in use  Watering�down work area/s particularly near sensitive receptors  Efficiently scheduling deliveries and enforcing appropriate speed limits (< 40 km/h)  Travelling on existing and paved tracks wherever possible  Dampen untarred routes of vehicles/trucks to the construction sites.  Maintain stockpiles of construction materials at minimum heights and in the optimum shape to reduce wind erosion.  Installing covers on back loads of dump trucks and large vehicles  Rehabilitation of chambers and defective sewer lines will be carried out in sections. Flexible hoses will be used to convey any wastewater.  Provide nose masks for workers to put on in dusty working areas Acoustic Vibration and noise  All vehicles and machinery should be maintained in good working Contractor/Consult Included in the Environment nuisance condition ant cost of  Provide all equipment with intake and exhaust mufflers where possible construction  Any machinery, which is intermittent in use, should be shut off in periods of non�use Landscape and Visual Intrusion  All active construction site should be hoarded off from public view. Contractor/Consult Included in the Land Use  Ensure good housekeeping at the construction site. ant cost of  Ensure an acceptable post-construction site as per provisions in the construction contract.  Remove all construction equipment from the site after completion of work. Land expropriation  Establish a consultative process with potential affected persons families MSWR-PCU, Included in RAP and destruction of (PAPs) ASHMA, private property Contractor, 91 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS)  Ensuring fair and full compensation as per the local and World Bank Consultant B Included in safeguards requirements the cost of  Reinstate any damaged property such as pavements, etc. construction  Establish a consultative process with potential affected persons families (PAPs)  Ensure fair and full compensation as per the local and World Bank safeguards requirements Loss of vegetation  Do not clear vegetation or excavate beyond areas demarcated to be Contractor Included in the involved in the construction activities in order to control impact on cost of flora and fauna and minimize soil erosion construction  Replant disturbed areas to restore vegetation Soil erosion  Only excavate the trenches when the sewer pipes are ready for laying Included in the  Ensure to backfill all excavated areas immediately after the pipe laying Contractor cost of is done construction  Cover all disturbed areas immediately  Do not undertake excavation activities during aggressive weather conditions Generation and  Reuse excavated materials that are suitable for backfilling to reduce Contractor Included in the disposal of solid waste cost of waste  Provide dust bins on site for temporary storage of garbage such as construction food, food packs cement bags, drinking water sachet, containers, pieces of wood  Separate bins shall be provided at the construction and project sites (post-construction) to afford a minimum of separation of plastics/paper/glass, metal and food wastes.  Collect and dispose all solid waste to disposal site on daily basis  Dispose all waste at approved AsHMA waste disposal sited  Contractor to prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan 92 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Ground and Contamination of  Do not wash, clean or refuel construction equipment/machinery at the Contractor Included in the surface water water resources construction sites or in the Gbemi stream, or in nearby drains in the cost of pollution construction community construction  Maintenance of construction equipment/machinery should not be undertaken at the construction sites or near drains in the construction sites  Properly collect and dispose all flushing/cleaning water from the existing sewer pipelines and sludge contained in the manhole sludge in the manhole at the TDC Quarters to approved liquid waste disposal site Occupational Accidents on  Contractors should provide Environmental, Social, Health and Safety Contractor/Consult Included in the Health and construction sites Plan to guide the construction activities by the workers. ant cost of Safety  Provide appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers construction  Ensure that all workers use the PPEs at all times  Provide proper induction on safety for all workers  Train all workers on the Safety plan  Provide signage to warn workers of danger zones and potential construction hazards  Provide first�aid box and stock with appropriate drugs at all times. Train the workers on how to use the first-aid box  Unauthorised personnel should not be allowed at the active construction sites  Provide HIV/AIDs awareness education to the workers  Provide toilet on site for the workers Public health Public exposure to  Provide signages at the project site and other vantage points to warn Contractor and safety fall and slips, injury, pedestrians and motorists about danger at the project site motor accident  Cover all excavated trenches immediately to avoid people falling into at areas them where  Provide alternative access routes to pedestrians and motorists where construction their access routes are to be blocked  Do not deposite wastes on the community walkways in the project activities are taking communities place  All construction vehicles should observe a speed limit of 20k/hr within the project communities 93 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Socio- Diversion and  Develop a Traffic Management Plan (Alternate access routes should be ASHMA, Included in the Economic increase in traffic identified and communicated to the residents before starting /during Contractor cost of during construction construction) to ensure uninterrupted movement of pedestrians and construction motorists during excavation and laying of the sewer lines.  Provide alternative routes where access routes will be affected by the project activities  Efficiently scheduling material and equipment deliveries outside peak traffic hours  Ensure delivery trucks hired/contracted are in good condition to prevent breakdowns on roads.  Remove all construction equipment from the site after completion of work  Do not not park construction equipment on access roads in the construction community  Ensure speed limit of 20km/h for construction vehicles and equipment during the construction Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Damage to utility  Consult and liaise with utility service providers to obtain accurate ASHMA, Utility Included in the service lines (e.g. information about utility service lines and assets within proposed service providers, cost of water supply lines, sewerage network corridors. Contractor construction ground electrical  Realign all affected utility service lines. cables and  Promptly inform the service providers and the ASHMA of any telecommunication damaged utility service lines and assets cables) and  Reinstate all damaged utility service lines in consultation with owner drainage/stormwater of the utility and the AsHMA management channels 94 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Labour influx,  Sensitization of workers Contractor/ Included in the Gender-based  Recruitment of artisanal labourers from the beneficiary Consultant cost of Violence (GBV), communities construction sexual exploitation  Periodic sensitisation of workers on GBV, SEA; and STD/STIs. and abuse (SEA); and increased  Provide code of conduct for workers/managers transmission of  Signing of Code of Conduct by all contractor/subcontractor Sexually Transmitted workers Diseases/Infections  Enforce code of conduct (STD/STIs). Disruption of  Consult the residents and business owners on the scope and duration ASHMA, Included in the business activities of construction activities at specific locations within the community to Contractor cost of minimize inconvenience. construction  Ensure mobile construction equipment are not parked haphazardly to obstruct business activities.  As much as possible, do not dump construction materials in walkways to businesses.  Provide safe alternative routes for pedestrians where walkways will be obstructed.  Compensate the affected business owners Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Operation and maintenance phase 95 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Air Quality Odour generation  Odours can be reduced or prevented through normal housekeeping, EPA, ASHMA, Included in from STP and improved operation, and maintenance procedures along with proper Plant operator operators O&M sewerage network management. costs components  When kept clean, sludge transfer systems, such as conveyors, screw pumps, and conduits, will not generate odours.  The plant will be equipped with an odour control system, where feasible, which will abate odour emissions from screen and grit chambers, primary sedimentation tank, UBF and sludge processing units.  The storage of all malodorous solid waste (screenings, grit etc.) will be in closed units so as to minimize and control the risk of residual odours. Impact on Effluent  Regularly monitor the efficiency of the treatment plant and ensure ASHMA , Plant To be included in water quality contamination of quality of the treated effluent before discharge into the Gbemi stream Operator, EPA the project nearby water  Undertake monthly sampling raw and treated effluent and reporting to O&M cost resources satisfy design standards of the treatment facility  Ensure regular and repair works on the treatment facility and sewer pipelines Waste Housekeeping in  Prepare and implement O&M plan for the treatment facility AsHMA/Plant To be included generation and treatment facility  Provide dust bins in the facility operator in project O&M disposal  Dispose all wastes to AsHMA approved sites cost Occupational Site  Prepare and implement Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Plan to Plant operator Included in Health and environmenta guide the day to day operations at the facility. operator’s O&M Safety l health and safety  Provide workers with PPEs and enforcing the use of appropriate costs Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)  Properly label and storing chemicals (chlorine gas or powder), oils, and fuel to be used on�sites; Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) 96 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  Provide safety induction to workers on regular basis  Properly maintain works areas to avoid slips and fall  Provide first aid box for the workers  Emphasize safety education and training for system staff and enforcing adherence to safety procedures set in and around the plant facility  Conduct routine and periodic medical examinations on STP staff. Accidents on work  Restrict unattended public access to the wastewater treatment plants by Plant operator Included in sites proper fencing and guarding operators O&M  Provid hand railing at all access corridors above and around all open costs treatment units  Provide appropriate safety equipment, fire protection measures, and monitoring instruments  Ensure that adequate and accessible first�aid is provided at all times. Socioeconomic Public health and  Preparation, implementation and monitoring of an pollution abatement ASHMA, EPA. Included in sanitation and contingency plan Plant operator operators O&M  Ensure redundancy in the WWTP design; costs  Ensure adequate training of plant operators to minimize the risks and effects of abnormal conditions.  Regular inspection and maintenance of electrical and mechanical components at pumping stations  Encourage immediate report of any sewer pipe leakages to ASHMA works department municipal/governmental representative through awareness raising; and  Stopping the source of leak (close valve, seal pipe, seal hole or as appropriate) as soon as possible.  Ensure to fence around the whole treatment project site to prevent and restrict unauthorised entry.  Undertake public awareness for the community members on how to detect and report sewer pipeline discharges  Maintain security fencing around the treatment facility at all times Decommissioning Phase 97 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Air Quality quality Air deterioration  Use well designed, well maintained and Contractor/Consult Cost included in particulate from well operated equipment/vehicles ant related item in gaseous and  Undertake watering�down work area/s particularly near sensitive Table 7.3 emissions receptors  Travel on existing and paved tracks wherever possible  Install covers on back loads of removal trucks and large vehicles Category Impact/Pathway Proposed Mitigation Measures/Actions Responsibility Cost Estimates (GHS) Acoustic Vibration and noise  All vehicles and machinery should be maintained in good working Contractor/Consult Cost included in Environment nuisance condition ant related item in  Provide all equipment with intake and exhaust mufflers where possible Table 7.3  Any machinery, which is intermittent in use, should be shut off in periods of non�use Occupational Accidents on  Contractors should have a Health & Safety Policy to guide the Contractor/Consult Cost included in Health and construction sites demolition activities. ant related item in Safety  Provide and enforcing the use of appropriate Personal Protective Table 7.3 Equipment (PPE)  Warn staff about potential demolition hazards  Ensure that qualified and accessible first�aid is provided at all times  Use caution tapes and warning signs at the construction sites around trenches and excavations. 98 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 8.2 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS The ESMP implementation activities will be under the overall guidance of the office of the Project Coordination Unit (PCU) of GAMA. The PCU has Environmental Safeguard Specialist and Social Safeguards Specialist who are responsible for ensuring compliance with all safeguard issues and preparation on required documentation. Table 8.2 presents details of the specific roles and responsibilities for the relevant institutions which will be involved in the implementation of the ESMP. Table 8-2: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities Stakeholder Roles and responsibilities World Bank Review and give No Objection to the ESIA report. Disclose the approved report on World Bank External Website Conduct periodic site visits/monitoring and audits as needed to check Project Compliance with the safeguards instrument. MSWR/PCU Preparing the ESIA report for the project and disclosing the Report in-country. Overall responsibility for ensuring compliance by contractors and sub-contractors with the safeguards requirements of the project and reporting on same to the World Bank and EPA as appropriate. Conduct periodic site visits/monitoring. Support the project Consultant and ASHMA in ensuring compliance with all safeguards during construction phase. EPA Ultimately approving ESIA reports and issuing Environmental Permit for the works. Informing project consultants in case of additional environmental requirements to be followed. Conducting site audits as needed to check implementation of ESIA. Support ASHMA in ensuring compliance with all safeguard’s requirements during construction phase. ASHMA Monitoring of ESIA and additional environmental and social safeguards requirements for the project. Project Engineering Design Phase Consultant Ensuring ESIA findings and the EPA Environmental Permit provisions are properly taken into consideration in the detailed engineering design and properly integrated in the tender documents for contractors. Construction Phase Supervising, monitoring and reporting on the implementation of the ESIA, the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (C-ESMP, Code of Conduct by the contractor and sub-contractors (all sub-contractors of the main contractor). Preparing a checklist to be used to supervise contractor’s works. Reviewing and approving contractor’s CEMP. Coordinating with the MSWR/PCU and AsHMA to ensure appropriate monitoring and reporting on the contractor’s ( and su-contractors) compliance with the ESIA report, C- ESMP, Code of Conduct as well as the EPA Environmental Permit conditions for the works, are provided to the PCU and on timely basis. Consultant will provide the safeguards implementation monitoring monthly report to the PCU on monthly basis. Identifying training needs of concerned parties ( including contractors, sub-contractors, relevant Staff of AsHMA and local community opinion leaders and representatives) to provide the necessary knowledge and skill that will ensure smooth implementation of the ESIA, C-ESMP, Code of Conduct and the EPA Environmental Permits requirements. 99 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Works Preparing Contractors Environmental and Social Management Plan (C- ESMP) and Contractor(s) Contractor’s Code of Conduct that details how the contractor shall implement the provisions of the ESIA and the EPA Environmental Permit conditions for the project.. All conditions and requirements set out in these safeguards instruments of the project should be complied with and implemented by all sub-contractors and agents of the works contractor. Providing qualified and experienced Environmental and Social Safeguards Officer and Social Safeguards Officer as part of the Contractor’s Team to ensure implementation, monitoring and reporting of the ESIA, the C-ESMP as well as the EPA Environmental Permit provisions. Liaising with project consultant and regularly reporting on the implementation and monitoring of the ESIA, C-ESMP, Code of Conduct, the relevant EPA Environmental Permit provisions.. Immediately reporting to project consultant in case of accidents, spills or other events which have health, safety or environmental implications in compliance with the safeguards instruments. In case of incidents, contractors should fill an incident records form, including how the incident is planned to be addressed. Local Following up on the project implementation. committee Liaising between the local community, ASHMA and the project Consultant regarding the safeguards compliance during the project activities. Following up on any complaints and grievances and responding to them. NGOs/CBOs Ensure the needs of the people are heard by the implementers and vice versa 8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN The monitoring component is of particular importance in identifying effectiveness of mitigation measures formulated for the significant impacts identified. The environmental and social monitoring plan proposed for the project is presented in Table 8.3. A sample report format is indicated in Table 8.4. 100 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 8-3: Environmental and Social Impacts Monitoring Plan Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Pre-construction and Construction Phase Ambient air quality Dust emissions: TSP + PM10 Continuous Instrument Construction sites Site Included in project and PM2.5 HSE/safeguards cost officer,EPA Observable particulate Daily Physical matter and exhaust fumes in observation air within the construction corridors Workers wearing nose masks Daily Physical observation Signages showing speed limits for construction Daily vehicles and machinery Physical observation 101 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Pre-construction and Construction Phase Noise Levels Leq, Lmax, Lmin (dBA) Spot monitoring Instrument Construction sites Site Included in project near sensitive HSE/safeguards cost receptors, and upon officer, EPA receiving complaints bi- monthly Record of maintenance of Physical construction inspection equipment/machinery Complaints by the public daily about excessive noise from the project operations Site visits Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Visual intrusion Hoarding in place at active Daily Physical Construction sites Project Consultant, Included in project construction sites observation Environmental cost Safeguard Specialist Absence waste materials and Weekly Physical construction equipment from observation the site after completion of work. Land expropriation Record/evidence of Weekly Consultation visits Project construction Project Consultant, and restriction of compensation payment to communities Social Safeguard property project affected persons Specialist, PCU Evidence of reinstatement of affected properties 102 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Loss of vegetation Presence of vegetation Weekly Physical Project construction Project Consultant, Included in project restoration at degraded areas observation corridor Environmental cost due to the construction Safeguard Specialist Soil erosion Observable change in turbidity Daily Observation River Gbemi Contractor, Project Included in project of water in the Consultant, cost Gbemi stream Environmental Safeguard Specialist Observable change in Local drains in the turbidity of water in local construction drains in the construction communities corridor Presence of uncovered trenches at project Construction sites construction sites Presence of stagnated water in trenches at the project sites Construction sites Absence of observable construction activities ongoing during aggressive weather conditions 103 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Solid waste Availability of Contractor’s Daily Physical Construction sites Contractor, Included in project generation and Waste Management Plan inspection Environmental and cost disposal Social Safeguards Record of frequency of waste Specialist, GRC (for collection and disposal to complaint) approved waste disposal site. Availability of dust bins Availability of mobile toile on site for workers use Complaints by local communities 104 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Contamination of Observable absence of Daily Physical Gbemi stream Project Consultant, Included in project water resources washing, cleaning or observation catchment Environmental cost refuelling of construction Safeguard equipment/machinery at the Specialist, EPA construction sites, in the Gbemi stream, or in nearby drains in the construction community Construction sites Observation of oil sheen in Gbemi river and local drains Record of maintenance of construction equipment/machinery Observable use of accredited liquid waste disposal service providers handling flushing/cleaning water from the existing sewer pipelines and sludge contained in the manhole at the TDC Quarters to disposal at approved liquid waste disposal site 105 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Occupational health Availability of Contractor’s Daily Physical Construction sites Environmental and Included in project and safety Environmental, Social, observation Social Safeguard cost Health and Safety Plan Specialist, Project (ESHSP). Consultant, HSE- Officer, Health Availability of Contractor’s workers Code of Conduct guiding the construction activities. Knowledge of workers on the Contractor’s ESHSP and the Code of Conduct and adherence to the ESHSP and Code of Conduct. Availability of PPEs for workers. Record of safety induction training for the workers Record of accidents and their sources Availability of first aid box stock with relevant drugs 106 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Availability of mobile toilet of site for workers use Availability of signage warning workers of danger zones and potential construction hazards Absence of unauthorised personnel at active construction sites Record of HIV/AIDs awareness education for the workers Public Health and Availability of signage Daily Physical Construction sites Environmental and Included in project Safety warning pedestrians, project observation Social Safeguard cost community members and Project construction Specialist, Project motorists of danger zones and communities Consultant potential construction hazards Hoarding available at active construction sites Availability of alternative access routes to pedestrians and motorists to manoeuvre Absence of solid wastes on the community walkways 107 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Observable evidence of construction vehicles and machinery adhering to a speed limit of 20k/hr within the project communities Absence of unauthorised personnel in active construction sites Record of injury/accidents and sources involving the public Health safety Proper PPE use Continuous Observation and Construction sites Site Included in project environment and Good housekeeping practices logging HSE/safeguards cost Hygiene officer Increase in Traffic Availability of Contractor’s Continuous Physical Construction sites Urban traffic Included in project and accidents motor Traffic Management Plan observation management, cost during construction (TMP) Alternative routes in Environmental and the community Social Safeguard Adherence to the TMP Specialist, Project Consultant Availability of clearly marked Community streets alternative routes diverting traffic away from road cuttings due to the construction activities Observable evidence of construction vehicles and machinery adhering to maximum speed limit of 20km/h 108 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Damage to utility Record of consultation with Weekly Physical Construction Contractor, Social Included in project service lines (e.g. Utility service providers and inspection corridors Safeguard cost water supply lines, AsHMA Management Specialist, Project ground electrical Consultant cables and Record of affected utility telecommunication lines, their location and the cables) and name of the utility owner drainage/stormwater channels Record of reinstatement/compensation payment Labour influx,  Number of artisanal Continuous Physical Construction PCU, Social Included in project Gender-based labourers from the inspection corridors and Safeguard cost Violence (GBV), beneficiary communities project beneficiary Specialist, Project sexual exploitation  Records of periodic communities Consultant GRC and abuse (SEA); sensitisation of workers and increased transmission of on GBV, SEA; and Sexually STD/STIs. Transmitted  Availability of code of Diseases/Infections conduct for (STD/STIs). workers/managers  Number of workers who signed the Code of Conduct  Records of sanctions for workers who abuse of code of conduct ▪ Records from GRM logbook 109 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Disruption of ▪ Record of consultation of Included in project business activities project communities on cost the scope of the project activities. ▪ Records from GRM logbook ▪ Record of compensation payment Public Complaints Type and nature of Weekly Records Project area Grievance Redress Included in and Grievances complaints and concerns; Committee Grievance Redress Complaint records (Record of Budget grievance and number resolved/unresolved) Management and Stakeholder ▪ Meetings Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Operation Phase Ambient air quality Number of complaints about Daily/monthly Instrument STP area Local 12,500.00 odours during operation Committee/EPA Noise Levels Leq, Lmax, Lmin (dBA) Monthly Instrument STP area Plant Operator/ 12,500.00 EPA STP Effluent pH, Temperature, color, Daily Treated effluent at Plant Operator/ 95,265.00 Sampling and Lab Quality Dissolved Oxygen, the outlet EPA test Suspended Solids COD, BOD, Ammonia, Weekly Sampling and lab Treated effluent at Plant Operator/ 38,454.00 Phosphate, Alkalinity analysis the outlet EPA Nitrates, Sulphates Monthly Sampling and lab Treated effluent at Plant Operator/ 2,610.00 analysis the outlet EPA Total coliforms, faecal Twice/month Sampling and lab Treated effluent at Plant Operator/ 16,704.00 coliforms analysis the outlet EPA 110 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Metals (Al, Bo, Cd, Cr, Cu, Twice/year Treated effluent at Plant Operator/ 10,150.00 Fe, Pb, K, Si, Mn, Mo, Ni, the outlet EPA Se, Va, Zn, Hg) Availability of Record of Monthly Records Preatment plant ASHMA/ Plant 10,500.00 laboratory analysis data EPA Operator, EPA Available monitoring and Monthly Records Treatment Plant AsHMA/Plant 1,000.00 repair works records ; types Operator of repair challenges faced STP Sludge Quality Dry and organic matter Four times/year Sampling and Lab Sludge produced at Plant Operator/ 2,958.00 test STP EPA Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Four times/year Sampling and lab Sludge produced at Plant Operator/ 20,300.00 Cu, Pb, analysis STP EPA Hg, Zn) Primary nutrients (N, NH4N, Four times/year Sampling and lab Sludge produced at Plant Operator/ 14,500.00 P, K) and secondary nutrients analysis STP EPA (Ca, Mg, S, Na and oligoelements) Pathogen microorganisms Four times/year Sampling and Lab Sludge produced at Plant Operator/ 4,176.00 (Faecal coliforms, E. Coli…) test STP EPA Organic compounds (AOX, Yearly Sampling and lab Sludge produced at Plant Operator/ 4,350.00 PAH, analysis STP EPA PCB, PCDD/F) Public Complaints  Type and nature of Weekly Records Project area Grievance Redress 27,500.00 and Grievances complaints and concerns; Committee  Complaint records (Record of grievance and number resolved/unresolved)  Management and Stakeholder Meetings 111 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Occupational health Workers awareness of OHS Continuous Observation, Project site ASHMA/ Plant O&M budget and safety Policy and adherence inspection Operator Availability of PPES for workers Workers using their PPEs as appropriate Record of safety induction for workers Availability of first aid box stocked with appropriate drugs. 112 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Public health and  Observable measures for Continuous Physical Project areas AsHMA 15,000.00 sanitation restriction of public observation and access to treatment visits facilities ▪ Record on sewer maintenance activities ▪ Record of sewer leakages reported by the public ▪ Observable conditions of sewer manholes and sewer lines ▪ Record of accidents involving people falling in manholes Waste management Availability of O&M Plan Continuous Physical Project sites AsHMA/Plant 5,000.00 observation and manager Availability of dust bins visits Record of disposal of wastes to approved waste dumps Decommissioning Phase Ambient air quality Dust emissions: TSP + PM10 Continuous Instrument Demolition sites Site 2,125.00 and PM2.5 HSE/safeguards officer Noise Levels Leq, Lmax, Lmin (dBA) Continuous Instrument Demolition sites Site 2,125.00 HSE/safeguards officer Health safety Proper PPE use Continuous Observation and Demolition sites Site 612.00 environment and Good housekeeping practices logging HSE/safeguards Hygiene officer 113 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Environmental/So Monitoring Parameters Frequency Method Location Responsibility Cost Estimates cial Component GHS) per annum Public Complaints Type and nature of Weekly Records Project area Grievance Redress 5,950.00 and Grievances complaints and concerns; Committee Complaint records (Record of grievance and number resolved/unresolved) Management and Stakeholder Meetings Total 297,979.00 114 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 8-4: Report Template for Environmental and Social Monitoring No. Parameter Date Location Results Action Name of Equipment use Remarks measured Person (if applicable) Monitoring 1. 2. 3. Name of EHS Officer in Charge: ___________________________________________________________ (Signature) ________________________________ Date: ________________________________ 115 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 8.4 CAPACITY BUILDING NEEDS FOR ESIA IMPLEMENTATION 8.4.1 Construction Phase Training Needs In order to ensure a proper and effective implementation of the ESMP, it is particularly important to undertake a training program for the contractor and staff of ASHMA regarding its preparation and implementation. Training sessions for the identified persons and the contractor should be conducted prior to the commencement of the construction works and shall focus on the following topics:  Review of ESMP/C-ESMP  Implementation of Contractor’s HSE guidelines  Traffic Management Plan  Emergency plan  Workers’ Code of Conduct  Waste Management Plan  SEA/GBV and Child Labour  Grievance Redress Mechanisms  ESMP/CESMP Monitoring Reporting The table 8.5 provides a capacity building plan for the proposed topics. 8.4.2 Operation Phase Training Needs It is recommended to train the WWTP’s operation and maintenance personnel on:  The WWTP components and operation process  Odour control/management;  Plant operation and maintenance requirements;  Emergency/Contingency management (overflow/ network leakage/ shutdown/ health and security emergencies)  Management of solid waste generated (sludge and waste from the screen cleaning)  Oil spill and wastewater leakages prevention and control  Chemicals handling and storage. 8.3.3 Training on Implementation of GRM The relevant members of GRM Committee shall be trained on its implementation. Activities shall also include sensitization of the public on GRM. 116 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Table 8-5: Training plan for ESIA implementation Training topic Participants Form of Duration When Training vendor Training Training training Organizers Cost Review of MSWR, PCU, Lecture and 3 days Before mobilization Environmental and PCU Lumpsum ESMP/CESMP EPA, field visits Social Safeguard Contractors, Specialists Project Consultant and all other relevant personnel Implementation of Contractors, Workshop 1 day Before Independent Independent Contractor’s HSE Project commencement of Consultant Consultant, PCU guidelines Consultant and all civil works other relevant personnel Traffic Management Contractors, Lecture 1 day Before Urban traffic PCU Plan Project commencement of management Consultant and all civil works other relevant personnel Emergency plan MSWR, PCU, Lecture and 3 days Before mobilization Independent PCU EPA, field visits Consultant, Plant Contractors, operators Project Consultant and all other relevant personnel Workers’ Code of Contractors, Workshop 1 day Before Safeguard Specialists PCU Conduct Project commencement of Consultant and all civil works other relevant personnel Waste Management Contractors, Lecture 1 day Before Safeguard Specialists PCU Plan Project commencement of Consultant and all civil works 117 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Training topic Participants Form of Duration When Training vendor Training Training training Organizers Cost other relevant personnel SEA/GBV and Child MSWR, PCU, Workshop 1 day Before Independent PCU Labour EPA, GRC, commencement of Consultant, World Contractors, civil works Bank Project Consultant and all other relevant personnel Grievance Redress MSWR, PCU, Lecture 1 day Before Independent Social Safeguard Mechanisms EPA, GRC, commencement of Consultant, Social Specialists Contractors, civil works Safeguard Specialists Project Consultant and all other relevant personnel ESMP/CESMP MSWR, PCU, Lecture and 3 days During civil works Environmental and PCU Monitoring Reporting EPA, field visits Social Safeguard Contractors, Specialists Project Consultant and all other relevant personnel ESTIMATED TOTAL COST FOR TRAINING 74,494.75 118 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 8.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING REPORTING Environmental monitoring is an essential component to ensure the successful implementation of the ESMP. A report on the monitoring programme will provide the contractor and ASHMA with relevant data and information to better understand the extent of implementation of the ESMP. All monthly and progress reports should capture health, safety and environment issues arising from the implementation of the ESMP. The format requires the implementing body to specify evidence of completion for each mitigation measure (e.g. a document that proves the completion of the measure or a short description of the expected achievement or pictures). If implementation is on-going, the status of implementation should be described. The monitoring report concludes by summarizing the main findings and by indicating the overall status of ESMP implementation using a three-point ranking scale: on track, slightly delayed or delayed. Opportunity is provided for indicating any additional environmental or social risks that may have emerged since the project start and the appropriate mitigation measures taken or planned for any significant new risk. 8.6 GRIEVANCE REDRESS PROCESS A grievance is any query, call for clarification, problems, and concerns raised by individuals or groups related to activities undertaken or processes applied by the project. When addressed these grievances are expected to ensure support, as well as help achieve results and sustainability of project activities. A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is therefore a system by which queries or clarifications about a project are responded to, problems that arise out of implementation are resolved and grievances are addressed efficiently and effectively. An effective and efficient GRM should have multiple avenues or channels for lodging complaints, transparency, promptness and timeliness of responses and clear procedures. 8.6.1 Grievance Redress during Pre-Construction/Construction Phase The grievance redress process during the pre-construction/construction phase will comprise three (3) tiers:  Local Mediation Committee (Grievance Redress Team)  District Commission for Human Rights and Administrative Justice (CHRAJ) Office  Court of Law It is anticipated that only the first tier of the redress mechanism which is a local authority level adjudicative system may need to be activated. However, the opportunity to utilise the full spectrum of tiers ensures that the grievance redress mechanism is compliant with both national and World Bank safeguard policy requirements. The Local Mediation Committee (Grievance Redress Team) during the pre-construction/construction phase shall comprise of the following:  Municipal Coordinating Director (ASHMA)  GAMA Project Coordinator (ASHMA)  Social Safeguard Consultant  Project Consultant  Works Contractor 119 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS  Assemblyman (Moni-Obaanye electoral area)  A representative of the complainant(s) e.g. PAPs The Local Mediation Committee shall follow these procedures in resolving grievances;  Uptake-collection of grievances  Sorting and Processing  Acknowledgement and Follow-up  Verification, Investigation and Action  Monitoring and Evaluation  Feedback Aggrieved parties shall report directly to the Local Mediation Committee through verbal narration, telephone calls, text messages and letters. The duration for resolving a grievance shall be a maximum of one week, except for special cases. 8.6.2 Grievance Redress during Operational Phase The grievance redress process during the operational phase will also comprise three (3) tiers:  Local Mediation Committee (Grievance Redress Team)  District CHRAJ Office  Court of Law It is anticipated that only the first tier may need to be activated. However, the opportunity to utilise the full spectrum of tiers also ensures that the grievance redress mechanism is compliant with both national and World Bank safeguard policy requirements. Figure 8.1 illustrates the 3-tier mechanism. The Local Mediation Committee (Grievance Redress Team) during the operational phase shall comprise of the following:  Municipal Coordinating Director (ASHMA)  GAMA Project Coordinator (ASHMA)  STP operator  Assemblyman (Moni-Obaanye electoral area)  A representative of the complainant(s) e.g. PAPs The Local Mediation Committee shall follow these procedures in resolving grievances;  Uptake-collection of grievances  Sorting and Processing  Acknowledgement and Follow-up  Verification, Investigation and Action  Monitoring and Evaluation  Feedback Aggrieved parties shall report directly to the Local Mediation Committee through verbal narration, telephone calls, text messages and letters. The duration for resolving a grievance shall be a maximum of one week, except for special cases. 120 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Figure 8-1: 3-Tier Grievance Redress Mechanism 121 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 9 CONCLUSION The proposed construction of the simplified sewerage network and treatment plant in ASHMA is being implemented under the International Development Agency financed Greater Accra Metropolitan Area Sanitation and Water Project. This intervention will improve access to sanitation in the project communities as well as neighbouring environs. The safe containment and transport of faecal sludge from the project area will have the beneficial cumulative impacts of improved faecal sludge management, energy generation and potential health benefits. Pursuant to the Environmental Assessment Regulations 1999 (LI 1652), the major potential environmental and socio-economic issues and impacts associated with the proposed undertaking have been identified and duly assessed. Mitigation and monitoring measures for the identified impacts have been proposed at the design, planning and implementation stages in order to reduce significant adverse effects to the barest minimum. The monitoring program will confirm the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures and these have been prepared and presented in a Provisional Environmental Management Plan (PEMP) in this report. All the relevant stakeholders have given their full consent for the implementation of the proposed project. Furthermore, they have pledged their commitment to help ensure that this project is implemented in accordance with all the requirements in the ESMP. 122 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS REFERENCES 1. Carlos M. Lopez-Vazquez, Bipin Dangol, Christine M. Hooijmans and Damir Brdjanovic. Cotreatment of Faecal Sludge in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. IWA Handbook Faecal Sludge Management. UNESO IHE Delft. 2. C.M. Lopez-Vazquez, B. Dangol, C.M. Hooijmans, D. Brdjanovic, 2014, Co-treatment of faecal sludge in municipal wastewater treatment plants 3. Ghana Statistical Service: 2010 Population and Housing Census, Summary Report of Final 4. Results, May 2012. 5. National Environmental Sanitation Strategy and Action Plan (NESSAP) 2010 – 2015. 6. Metcalf and Eddy. Wastewater Engineering: treatment, disposal, reuse. Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F.L. eds. McGraw-Hill Book Company. 7. Ministry Of Local Government and Rural Development Environmental Sanitation Policy May1999. 8. Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development, Environmental Sanitation Policy (Revised 2010). 123 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEXES A Project Area Maps A1 Google Earth Map of Project Locations A2 Proposed Sewer Network for Ashiaman New Town A3 Access Road to TDC Quarters STP B Existing Situation in Project Area B1 Layout of a Typical House in Ashaiman New Town B2 Wastewater disposal practices in Ashaiman New Town. B3 Existing conditions at the Defunct STP 10 C Public/Stakeholder Consultations C1 Photo Gallery for Meeting 1 WASH Infrastructure and Service Options C2 Participant list for Meeting 1 WASH Infrastructure and Service Options C3 Minutes for Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents Association C4 Photo Gallery for Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents Association C5 Participant List of Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents Association C6 Minutes for Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System C7 Participant List for Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System C8 Photo Gallery for Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System C9 Minutes for Meeting 4 C10 Participant List for Meeting 4 C11 Photo Gallery for Meeting 4 C12 Official Letter from ASHMA affirming Consent of TDC Quarters Residents C13 Participant List for Consultative Meeting with ECG, MTN and Vodafone C14 Photo Gallery of Scoping Notices Posted in ASHMA D1 Survey Map of Ashaiman New Town showing Sewer Basins D2 Survey Map of TDC Quarters and Sewage Treatment Plant E1 Code of Conduct 124 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX A PROJECT AREA MAPS Annex A1: Google Earth Map of Project Locations 125 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex A2: Proposed Sewer Network for Ashiaman New Town 126 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex A3: Access Road to TDC Quarters STP 127 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX B EXISTING SITUATION IN PROJECT AREA Annex B1: Layout of a Typical House in Ashaiman New Town A COMPOUND HOUSE AT SHIAMAN HOUSE No. ANT 26/009 128 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex B2: Wastewater disposal practices in Ashaiman New Town. Annex B3: Existing conditions at the Defunct STP 129 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Pump station Inspection chamber 1 (leading to Chamber 2) Inspection Chambers 2 and 3 (leading to septage Septage/septic collection tank collection tank) Sewer pipes leading to tanks 130 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Uncompleted Screening chamber Pond 2 Pond 1 Eastern embankment of ponds showing pillars for Southern embankment of ponds showing pillars for uncompleted chain link fencing uncompleted chain link fencing 131 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Connection chamber (for pond 1 and 2) Outlet for pond 2 Inlet to pond 1 Collapsed portion of the northern embankment of pond 2 On-going farming activities in close proximity to the proposed site 132 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX C PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS Annex C1: Photo Gallery for Meeting 1 WASH Infrastructure and Service Options Presentation on the overview of the project by Mr. Agyemang (GAMA SWP Coordinator) for ASHMA Briefing on the purpose of the stakeholders’ meeting by Consultants Cross-section of participants during presentation on proposed WASH Infrastructur e Options by Consultants 133 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Participants asking questions Presentations by Sanigreen Co. Ltd and Vulpec Engineering Ltd (as enterprise sanitation solution provider) Presentation by HFC Boafo Microfinance on available sanitation financing packages 134 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C2: Participant list for Meeting 1 WASH Infrastructure and Service Options NO. NAME DESIGNATION 1 BIZOOLA VIVIAN ASHMA NO.2 BASIC 2 JANET AMANKWAH ASHMA NO.1 JHS 3 SALOME OKAITEYE ASHAIMAN PRESBY PRIMARY 4 SALOME ARYEE-ATTA ASHAIMAN PRESBY A. JHS 5 DORIS BLEWU ASHMA NO.1 BASIC 6 NELLY TOM-AGGREY ASHMA NO.6 JHS 7 THERESA MENSAH SHEP –GES 8 AKUA SERWAA YANKEY ASST. SHEP-GES 9 YAW AMOAH CALVARY PRESBY BASIC 10 MRS. PATTY ASSAN MDE/GES 11 ALFRED APALBILAH HOLY GABRIEL SCHOOL 12 ESTHER DOWUNA HEADTEACHER 13 NICHOLAS K. NARTEY JIREH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL 14 AMENYO OSCAR CHRIST FAMILY SCHOOL 15 DONKOR OWUSU SAMUEL SKANDOF SCHOOL COMPLEX 16 S. A NARTEY CHURCH OF CHRIST 17 JUSTICE BOAKYE GES ASHAIMAN 18 DZAMESI MAWULI EHO, ASHMA 19 AUGUSTINE ATO INCOOM UNIT COMMITTEE MEMBER, MONI OBANYE 20 JOSEPH OTOO ANSAH UNIT COMMITTEE MEMBER, MONI OBANYE 21 SAMUEL AYENSU ASHMA 22 KARTEY GEORGE EHO, ASHMA 23 AWALA LYDIA MONI OBANYE 24 AWALA SUZY MONI OBANYE 25 W.E NSABA LANDLORD 26 R.A AKWERG LANDLORD 27 MILLICENT ASEMPE ASHMA 28 KODZO FIANKOR ASHMA 29 ASARE EMMANUEL PLANNING, ASHMA 30 KWAME GRUNDOW ADPO, ASHMA 31 AMA KOFFIE NEWTOWN 32 HENRY DARKO NEWTOWN 33 HENRY TENU ASHMA 34 WILLIEM OSEI FREMPONG NEWTOWN 35 COMFORT ADDO NEWTOWN 36 PRISCILLA O. YABOAH NEWTOWN 37 MIREKU EUNICE NEWTOWN 135 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 38 NARH ELIZABETH NEWTOWN 39 HAWA AWUNI NEWTOWN 40 ERIC ANNOR OSABUTEY NEWTOWN NO. NAME DESIGNATION 41 BRIGHT OKYERE NEWTOWN 42 AYIKU PATIENCE NEWTOWN 43 MINTAH RAYMOND 44 ISAAC EBO NEWTOWN 45 ATSU ENOCH NEWTOWN 46 FRANK ASOMANING MONI OBANYE 47 DIANA TAWIAH MONI OBANYE 48 DANIEL TAWIAH MONI OBANYE 49 TONDA LUCIS NEWTOWN 50 CHARLES ZUTTAH LOCAL SPI 51 ATSU BENEDICTA NEWTOWN 52 MAMA VERONICA NEWTOWN 53 ARTHUR ENOCK NEWTOWN 54 FRANK ATSU NEWTOWN 55 MALVIN DEDZOE NEWTOWN 56 JOYCE AWALA MONI OBANYE 57 ISAAC OCANSEY NEWTOWN 58 THOMPSON ZIEMAH NEWTOWN 59 MICHAEL ADUTWUM NEWTOWN 60 FRANCIS NSOR NEWTOWN 61 FRANK DOUDU MONI OBANYE 62 STEPHEN DANSO NEWTOWN 63 THOMAS MUTU NEWTOWN 64 DORIS KWAO NEWTOWN 65 GIFTY JABANOH NEWTOWN 66 KHADIJA OSMAN DPO, ASHMA 67 MICHAEL AGYEMANG MPO, ASHMA 68 IRENE KRAGBE-GHARTEY TREND 69 EUNICE AGYEMANG-YEBOAH TREND 70 OPOKU GABRIEL DARKO PD GHANA 71 PHILIP NKRUMAH PD GHANA 72 PATRICK WALTER GBIEL VULPEE ENGINEER 136 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 73 BOABENG RICHARD PD/WASTE CARE-JV 74 A.M AKORLI SANIGREK CO. LTD 75 CHARLES AGBOTTAH SANIGREK CO. LTD 76 BEATRICE AWUKU-ABOAGYE ADOM BOAFO MICROFINANCE 77 DWUODWO YAMOAH-ANTWI CONSULTANT TREND 78 BRAIMAH R. FAROUK CONSULTANT PD/WASTECARE JV 79 IRENE KPAGBE-GHARTEY TREND NO. NAME DESIGNATION 80 EUNICE AGYEMANG-YEBOAH TREND 81 ETORNAM K. ASAMOAH HFC BANK 82 MAVIS OSEI HFC BANK 83 GLORIA ASIEDU HFC BANK 84 HON. ALHAJI IBRAHIM SUALISU YARO ASSEMBLY MEMBER 85 HON. SETH OCLOO ASSEMBLY MEMBER 86 HON. CHARLES KISSI ASSEMBLY MEMBER 87 HON. J. BINFO DACOSTA ASSEMBLY MEMBER 88 HON. DICKSON AMPONSAH ASSEMBLY MEMBER 89 HON. MILLICENT KWABLAH ASSEMBLY MEMBER 90 HON. EVELYN AIKINS ASSEMBLY MEMBER 91 HON. EMMANUEL MANTEY ASSEMBLY MEMBER 92 HON. AZOGI ANANGA ASSEMBLY MEMBER 93 HON. VEE-JAY AGBOGEDENU ASSEMBLY MEMBER 94 HON. EMMANUEL AGBOSON ASSEMBLY MEMBER 95 HON. JUSTICE KING ESSEL ASSEMBLY MEMBER 96 HON. SHADRACH TETTEH ASSEMBLY MEMBER 97 HON. PRINCE MOHAMMED ASSEMBLY MEMBER 98 HON. ALHAJI IBRAHIM SUALISU YARO ASSEMBLY MEMBER 99 HON. SETH OCLOO ASSEMBLY MEMBER 100 HON. CHARLES KISSI ASSEMBLY MEMBER 101 HON. J. BINFO DACOSTA ASSEMBLY MEMBER 102 HON. DICKSON AMPONSAH ASSEMBLY MEMBER 103 HON. MILLICENT KWABLAH ASSEMBLY MEMBER 104 HON. EVELYN AIKINS ASSEMBLY MEMBER 105 LOVENA KOKUTSE ASHMA 106 HARRIET MARTEY ASHMA 107 PATRICK TSIGBEY MEHO, ASHMA 108 SELASI AMEKUDZIE CONSULTANT PD/WASTECARE JV 137 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C3: Minutes for Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents’ Association GAMA SANITATION AND WATER PROJECT COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR ASHAIMAN NEWTOWN IN THE ASHAIMAN MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY (ASHMA)-PHASE II CONSULTATIVE MEETING WITH RESIDENTS OF TDC QUARTERS ON THE PROPOSED SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK SYSTEM FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN Date: 17/09/2017 Time: 3:30 pm Venue: TDC Quarters Community 1. TDC Quarters/Low Cost Residents’ Association Members 2. Assembly Member for TDC Quarters Participants: 3. Ashaiman Municipal Assembly Officials 4. GAMA-SWP/PCU Environmental & Social Safeguard Specialists 5. Representatives of Peoples Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc.-JV (Project Consultants) (See attached detailed participant list in Annex 2) Opening and Presentations Chairman- TDC The meeting started at 3:45pm with the chairman of the TDC Quarters/Low Cost Quarters/Low Cost Residents’ Association welcoming participants. He thanked the participants for Residents’ Association honouring the invitation. A round of self-introduction of participants then followed. MPO– ASHMA/GAMA The Municipal Planning Officer of ASHMA (GAMA SWP Project Coordinator for SWP Project ASHMA), Mr Agyemang gave a brief background to the GAMA Sanitation and Coordinator Water Project, recounting the basis for the project, the various stakeholders involved and the funding organisation. He outlined the objectives of the project, how the beneficiary Low Income Urban Communities (LIUCs) for the various Assemblies were selected and activities that have been undertaken so far. He added that GAMA SWP specifically focuses on the provision of: • Household Latrines • Institutional Latrines • Household Water Connections • Solid and Liquid Waste Management. He indicated Ashaiman New Town was selected as the beneficiary LIUC for the Municipality. He pointed out the purpose of the consultative meeting was to brief and solicit the buy-in of the TDC Community into the proposed simplified sewerage project since the project involves the reconstruction of the existing abandoned TDC sewage treatment plant. 138 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Municipal Mr Tsigbey, the MEHO explained that, the recommendation for simplified Environmental Health sewerage for Ashaiman New Town was due to the high population and tenancy Officer (MEHO)- situation of the area. Upon acceptance of the recommendation by ASHMA, the ASHMA issue then was where the faecal sludge will be treated. He intimated that a survey of all existing sewer plants within the Municipality and Tema were assessed prior to selection of the TDC Quarters treatment facility/site as the preferred and most viable option for the project. In line with best practice, the reason for the meeting was to officially inform the community of the project and proposal of rehabilitating the abandoned existing sewerage facility at the TDC Quarters. He added on by saying the abandoned treatment plant will be expanded to accommodate the faecal sludge volumes of both the TDC Quarters and Ashaiman New Town for at least the next 10 years. Farouk Braimah (Team A briefing on the proposed sewerage network system was made by the Team Lead Lead, PD-WasteCare of the Consultant. Assoc.-JV, Consultants) Open Forum Name House Questions/Contributions & Answers/Explanations # Mr. Asante LC/B16 • Why should faecal sludge be carried from Ashaiman New Town to TDC Quarters? • How will the sewerage system be maintained? He noted that, if the sewer line is not properly maintained then the TDC Quarters residents will suffer from extreme stench since it will be passing through the community. • Suggested the sewage be taken elsewhere for treatment Mr. Stephen G/104 • Expressed concern regarding the maintenance culture of Ghanaians and therefore suggested by-laws are enacted to guide the maintenance of the sewerage system, following which the community will embrace the project. He however acknowledged the project will be of great benefit to the community. MEHO Clarified that, the sewer line from Ashaiman New Town will not be passing through the community neither the community’s existing sewer network. A trunk sewer from Ashaiman New Town will be laid along the Gbeme stream to the proposed sewage treatment plant. Mr. G/100 • Sought to find-out the capacity of the proposed treatment plant and whether Emmanuel the current capacity of the plant will be expanded. • Envisages a lot of challenges in managing the sewer system taking into consideration the topography of Ashaiman New Town. • He indicated that, the residence of TDC Quarters are prepared to contribute toward the maintenance of the plant but urged officials of the Ashaiman Municipal Assembly to learn from the Tema Municipal Assembly on how they manage the sewer lines under its jurisdiction moving forward. 139 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Farouk • Explained that, this meeting was to officially inform the community of the project. He Braimah added there will be several other consultations with the community and all other stakeholders to ensure all concerns are addressed before the construction begins. • There will be public hearings to explain the technical issues as well as display of all the design and drawings of the project. • He added that, an operational and maintenance structure will be put in place to ensure proper maintenance of the sewerage system and will include members of the community. Bishop G/11 • Suggested the project considers replacement of sewer lines within the TDC community since most of them are defective (choked and leaking). Mohammed G/15 • What will happen after the faecal matter is pumped into the plant; will it be Alhassan treated for reuse or what? • How will the sewer line from Ashaiman New Town be laid to ensure security of the lines as there have been reported incidences of deliberate damages/interference with GWCL pipe lines? George G/20 • Why not lay the sewer line from Ashaiman New Town to Community 22 or MCamp since there are sewer plants there too and moreover closer to Ashaiman New Town than TDC Quarters. Mr. Arthur N/G5 • What is the guarantee that, other communities in-between Ashaiman New Town and TDC Quarters will not illegally connect to the trunk sewer line and when that happens, wouldn’t it compromise the projections on the capacity of the plant? Mr. Thomas G/103 • The proposed plant’s ability to serve the two communities for up to 10 years is woefully inadequate due to the population growth rate of Ashaiman. Ashaiman has a very high growth rate and hence the need to increase the capacity of the plant accordingly. • Proposed the Assembly should let the World Bank bring its own engineers to implement the project rather done the Assembly. Farouk • Clarified that, the project is a Government of Ghana project which is being implemented through the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources in collaboration with the Metropolitan and Municipal Assemblies throughout the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area. • He added that, the World Bank is only supporting the Government of Ghana with financing for the project. MPO • After several failed attempts to mobilize funds to rehabilitate the TDC sewage treatment and incessant appeals from the TDC community to rehab the facility, the municipal assembly (MA) considered the GAMA SWP project intervention as a good opportunity to rehab the abandoned facility. This necessitated the roping in of the TDC Quarters treatment plant. • TDC Quarters is not part of the GAMA SWP LIUCs and therefore does not solely qualify for any GAMA SWP intervention. 140 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS MEHO • The trunk sewer line will be laid along the Gbeme stream and not anywhere near the adjoining communities. The material to be used for constructing the trunk line will make it difficult for illegal connection. However, regular monitoring will be done by ASHMA to ensure security of sewer line. • An effective operation and maintenance management structure will be put in place. • TDC Quarters/Low Cost Residents’ Association urged to nominate members who will be part of a committee to steer the implementation process. • Regular community consultations and engagements will be done to ensure an effective implementation, operations and maintenance of the project. Farouk • The national population and housing census is conducted every 10 years and therefore Braimah ideal to use 10 year population projection for estimating the capacity of the proposed treatment plant. However, there is available space for further expansion of the facility to meet requirement for future populations beyond the 10 years. Sarah LC/D5 • People flush all manner of things down the sewer lines causing it to choke and at times burst. Currently, the chief of the area had to summon some of residents to pay for the maintenance of the burst/defective sewer lines which was causing a lot of stench in the community. Adding Ashaiman New Town’s sewage will cause additional problems. • There is therefore the need for a serious sensitization and awareness creation to avert such eventualities. Selasi • Explained into details where the truck pipeline will be passing from Ashaiman New Town Amekudzie to the treatment plant and reassured the residents that, the engineering work that will precede the construction will take into consideration all the concerns that have been raised vis-à-vis the safety of the trunk sewer. Social • Reassured the residents that, PCU- safeguards team will ensure project implementers do Safeguard due diligence in identifying potential environmental, social, health and economic risks Specialist and put in place the necessary mitigation measures. All Project Affected Persons (PAP) (MLGRD will be afforded the opportunity for mitigation. PCU) Chairman – • Thanked the participants for their participation. He urged the residents to embrace the TDC project since it will be of benefit to the community. Quarters • He reiterated the main concern of the residents is the efficient treatment and Residents’ maintenance of the proposed plant. He admonished the project coordinators and Association engineers to ensure proper measures are put in place. • Suggested the project implementers consider constructing a fence wall to hoard off the community from the sewage treatment site. He explained that, the stretch of land area adjoining the Gbeme stream serves a hide-out for armed robbers who constantly trouble the TDC Quarters community. • He resolved to nominate members of the association to form part of the project steering committee. Conclusion • The community acknowledged the proposed project is good and worth implementing; however proper measures must be put in place ensure its successful implementation. • It was agreed residents’ association nominates some members to be part of the project steering committee and the list forwarded to the GAMA SWP Project Coordinator for ASHMA. • A committee will be formed by the residents to further engage ASHMA. Closing The meeting closed at 5:27 pm with a prayer from one of the residents. 141 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C4: Photo Gallery of Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents’ Association Plate 1: Cross-section of residents of TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area at the meeting Plate 2: MEHO addressing residents Plate 3: MPO Plate 4: Executive member of TDC/Low Cost Plate 5: A section of the residents’ addressing residents residents’ association seeking clarification association executives Plate 6: Residents of TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area contributing to dialogue 142 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Plate 7: MEHO responding to questions Plate 8: Team leader for consultant responding to some questions Plate 9: Social safeguards specialist from GAMA SWP-PCU making some clarification on the project 143 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C5: Participant List of Meeting 2 TDC Quarters/Low Cost Area Residents’ Association 144 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 145 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 146 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 147 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 148 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) Annex C6: Minutes of Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System 149 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 150 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C7: Participant List for Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System 151 152 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C8: Photo Gallery for Meeting 3 Committee on Proposed ASHMA Sewerage System Mr Agyemang (GAMA SWP Project Coordinator) addressing participants of the meeting. Mr Farouk Braimah (Team Leader for Consultant) making a presentation on the proposed simplified sewerage network system The Municipal Chief Executive addressing a A member of the TDC Committee expressing question on security of the proposed sewage concern on sustainable maintenance to ensure the treatment plant facility efficient operation of the facility. Annex C9: Minutes for Meeting 4 153 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS GAMA SANITATION AND WATER PROJECT COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR ASHAIMAN NEWTOWN IN THE ASHAIMAN MUNICIPAL ASSEMBLY (ASHMA)-PHASE II MINUTES OF CONSULTATIVE MEETING WITH INSTITUTIONAL STAKEHOLDERS ON PROPOSED SIMPLIFIED SEWER NETWORK SYSTEM FOR ASHAIMAN NEWTOWN Date: November 11th, 2018 Venue: - ASHMA, MCE’s Secretariat Time: 09:25 AM IN ATTENDANCE No. Name Organisation Position 1. Albert B. Okyere ASHMA Municipal Chief Executive (MCE) 2. Collins Ohene Gyan ASHMA-Planning Dept. MPO/GAMA SWP Project Coordinator 3. Daniel K. Afrifa ASHMA- Works Dept. Municipal Works Engineer 4. Patrick Tsigbey ASHMA-EHSD Municipal Environmental Health Officer 5. Kwame Grundow ASHMA-Planning Dept. Assistant Deputy Planning Officer 6. Emmanuel Ampadu ASHM, MCE Secretariat Secretary 7. J.B. Dacosta ASHMA Presiding Member/Assembly Man 8. Charles K. Kissi ASHMA Assembly Member 9. Joseph Commodore ASHMA Municipal Road Engineer 10. Evans Walter Akoto Ghana Water Company Ltd, Ashaiman District Engineer West: 11. David Kisseh ASHMA Urban Roads Roads Engineer 12. Lukman Salifu Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Project Manager (Consultants) 13. Evans Darko Mensah Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Lead Environmental Specialist (Consultants) 14. Kojo Anane Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Community Engagement Facilitator (Consultants) 15. Mumuni Kadir Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Community Engagement Facilitator (Consultants) 16. Bernard Quarshie Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Community Engagement Facilitator (Consultants) 17. Selasi Amekudzie Peoples’ Dialogue/WasteCare Assoc. JV Assistant Environmental Specialist (Consultants) 18. Francis Provalue Consult Valuation Expert AnkomahKwakye 154 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ITEM DESCRIPTION ACTION BY 1. OPENING OF THE MEETING The meeting opened at 9:25 am with prayer from Hon J.B. Dacosta followed by a round of self-introduction. 2. MATTERS ARISING ITEM DESCRIPTION ACTION BY 155 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Focus of Meeting: Mr. Collins Ohene Gyan (ASHMA GAMA SWP Coordinator) indicated the meeting was to brief the relevant institutional stakeholders on the proposed sewerage project, inform the stakeholders of the outcome of Project Affected Persons/Properties (PAPs) evaluation as well as solicit their inputs and any potential concerns. Presentation on Proposed Simplified Sewerage Network System: Selasi Amekudzie on behalf of the Consultant, made a PowerPoint presentation on the proposed simplified sewerage network system. The presentation covered the following areas: 1. Project background 2. Status of implementation 3. Proposed simplified sewerage network system  Location of Ashaiman New Town and TDC Communities  Components of Proposed Simplified Sewerage Network  Simplified Sewerage Network- Condominial and Public Sewers for Ashaiman New Town  Design Population and Wastewater Flows  Proposed Septage Treatment Plant  Proposed Sewer connections from Ashaiman Newtown and TDC Quarters to Septage Treatment Plant  Sewer Connection for TDC Quarters to Proposed Septage Treatment Plant (STP)  Description of Works to be Undertaken On progress of works, Selasi Amekudzie indicated that, draft Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Report was being finalized for submission to the GAMA SWP Project Coordination unit. He added that, the draft detailed engineering design & relevant drawings and bidding documents were also being finalized. A PowerPoint presentation on the outcome of PAP evaluation survey was done by Francis Ankomah-Kwakye (Valuation Expert). The presentation covered the following areas: 1. Enumeration/Marking and Classification of Affected Properties/Structures 2. Inspection, Referencing and Data Collection 3. Data Collation and Valuation 4. Reporting The outcome of the survey is summarized as presented in the table below: CATEGORY OF PAP NO. PAPs COMPENSATION Loss of livelihood 630 223,930.00 Disturbance 85 48,480.00 156 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Livelihood & disturbances 11 7,150.00 TOTAL 726 279,560.00 ITEM DESCRIPTION ACTION BY The valuation expert indicated that draft of the PAP Survey report had been submitted to the Lands Commission for review prior to inclusion in the draft Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). Contributions/Suggestions/Conclusion • Mr. Collins Ohene Gyan suggested a more frequent engagement and involvement of the relevant institutional stakeholders to ensure all stakeholders are well informed on the status of works. • Mr Evans Walter Akoto of GWCL suggested that compensations due PAPs be paid before commencement of construction works to avoid potential delays in project execution due to unpaid compensations. • Hon. Charles K. Kissi advised that the Consultant ensures reinstatement of affected properties is done by the Contractor to be selected. • The Municipal Works Engineer also recommended that the Contractor liaises with the Municipal works department. • He further suggested frequent project and site meetings with the relevant stakeholders during the construction phase of the project. • The Municipal Roads Engineer (Mr. David Kisseh) indicated that reinstatement of any road disturbances by the Project will have to be undertaken by Contractors approved by the Municipal Roads Department. • Mr. Collins Ohene Gyan agreed to follow up on the publication of the Scoping Notice in the national dailies as required as part of EIA preparation. ASHMA GAMA SWP Proj. Conclusion:- Coordinator/Consultant • Decisions reached by consensus are as follows – o ASHMA in consultation with the Consultant is to organize a field/site visit involving the key institutional stakeholders. o Formation of a grievance and redress committee. ASHMA GAMA SWP Proj. Coordinator/Consultant 3. END OF MEETING The meeting closed at 11:15 am. 157 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C10: Participant List for Meeting 4 158 159 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C11: Photo Gallery for Meeting 4 SNAPSHOTS FROM CONSULTATIVE MEETING WITH INSTITUTIONAL STAKEHOLDERS 160 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C12: Official Letter from ASHMA affirming Consent of TDC Quarters Residents 161 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C13: Participant List for Consultative Meeting with ECG, MTN and Vodafone 162 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Annex C14: Photo Gallery of Scoping Notice Posted in ASHMA Scoping Notice on the ASHMA Public Notice Scoping Notice on wall of the main ASHMA building Board 163 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Scoping Notice on the pillar of the ASHMA main gate 164 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX D: SURVEY MAPS OF PROJECT SITE ANNEX D1: SURVEY MAP OF ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN SHOWING SEWER BASINS 165 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX D2: SURVEY MAP OF TDC QUARTERS AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT 166 SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS ANNEX E: CODE OF CONDUCT FOR CONTRACTOR CODE OF CONDUCT GENDER BASED VIOLENCE (GBV), SEXUAL EXPLOITATION & ABUSE (SEA), CHILD ABUSE & PROTECTION FOR COMPANY TOP MANAGEMENT The company is obliged to create and maintain an environment which prevents Gender Based Violence (GBV), Sexual Exploitation & Abuse (SEA) and Child Abuse & Exploitation (CAE) issues. The company is also required to maintain an environment where the unacceptability of GBV and actions against children are clearly communicated to all those involved in the project. In order to prevent GBV and CAE, the following core principles and minimum standards of behaviour will apply to all employees without exception: 1. GBV/SEA or CAE constitutes acts of gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, penalties and/or termination of employment. All forms of GBV/SEA and CAE including grooming are unacceptable be it on the work site, the work site surroundings, project neighbourhoods or at worker’s camps. Prosecution of those who commit GBV or CAE will be pursued. 2. Treat women, children (persons under the age of 18), and men with respect regardless of race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. 3. Do not use inappropriate language or behaviour towards women, children and men. This includes harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate words, gestures or actions. 4. Sexual activity with children under 18—including through digital media—is prohibited. Mistaken belief regarding the age of a child and consent from the child is not a defence. 5. Sexual favours or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior are prohibited. 6. Sexual interactions between contractor’s and consultant’s employees at any level and member of the communities surrounding the work place that are not agreed to with full consent by all parties involved in the sexual act are prohibited. This includes relationships involving the withholding/promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex – such sexual activity is considered “non- consensual� within the scope of this Code. 7. All staff, volunteers, consultants and sub-contractors are highly encouraged to report suspected or actual GBV and/or CAE by a fellow worker, whether in the same contracting firm or not. Reports must be made in accordance with Standard Reporting Procedures. 8. All employees are required to attend an induction training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure they are familiar with the GBV/SEA and CAE Code of Conduct. 9. All employees must attend a mandatory training course once a month for the duration of the contract starting from the first induction training prior to commencement of work to reinforce the understanding of the institutional GBV and CAE Code of Conduct. 10. All employees will be required to sign an individual Code of Conduct confirming their agreement to support GBV and CAE activities. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and CAE. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action. FOR THE COMPANY Signed by ____________________ Title: _________________________ Date: _________________________ 167 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS CODE OF CONDUCT GENDER BASED VIOLENCE (GBV), SEXUAL EXPLOITATION & ABUSE (SEA), CHILD ABUSE & PROTECTION FOR MANAGERS Managers at all levels have particular responsibilities to create and maintain an environment that prevents GBV and CAE. They need to support and promote the implementation of the Company Codes of Conduct. To that end, Project Managers are required to sign up to Codes of Conduct applicable to their managerial duties within of the context and also sign the Individual Codes of Conduct. This commits them to support and develop systems that facilitate the implementation of this action plan and maintain a GBV-free, child-safe and conflict-free work environment. These responsibilities include but are not limited to: Mobilization 1. Establish a GBV/SEA and CAE Compliance Team (GCCT) from the contractor’s and consultant’s staff to write an Action Plan that will implement the GBV and CAE Codes of Conduct. 2. The Action Plan shall, as a minimum, include the i. Standard Reporting Procedure to report GBV/SEA and CAE issues through the project Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM); ii. Accountability Measures to protect confidentiality of all involved; and, iii. Response Protocol applicable to GBV survivors/survivors (including access to support coping and posttrauma management strategies) and perpetrators. iv. Engagement of the services of social service providers (NGOs) with requisite skill in the prevention and management of GBV/SEA and CAE. 3. Coordinate and monitor the development of the Action Plan and submit for review to the GAMA S&WP safeguards teams, as well as the World Bank prior to mobilization. 4. Update the Action Plan to reflect feedback and ensure the Action Plan is carried out in its entirety. 5. Provide appropriate resources and training opportunities for capacity building so members of the GCCT feel confident in performing their duties. Participation in the GCCT will be recognized in employee’s scope of work and performance evaluations. 6. Ensure that contractor, consultant and client staffs are familiar with the Project GRM and that they can use it to anonymously report concerns over GBV/SEA and CAE. 7. Hold quarterly update meetings with the GCCT to discuss ways to strengthen resources and GBV/SEA and CAE support for employees and community members. 8. In compliance with applicable laws and to the best of your abilities, prevent perpetrators of sexual exploitation and abuse from being hired, re-hired or deployed. Use background and criminal reference checks for all employees. 9. Ensure that when engaging in partnership, sub-grant or sub-recipient agreements, these agreements a) incorporate this Code of Conduct as an attachment; b) include the appropriate language requiring such contracting entities and individuals, and their employees and volunteers to comply with this Code of Conduct; and c) expressly state that the failure of those entities or individuals, as appropriate, to take preventive measures against GBV and CAE, to investigate allegations thereof, or to take corrective actions when GBV and/or CAE has occurred, shall constitute grounds for sanctions and penalties. Training 1. All managers are required to attend an induction manager training course prior to commencing work on site to ensure that they are familiar with their roles and responsibilities in upholding the GBV/SEA and CAE Codes of Conduct. 2. Provide time during work hours to ensure that direct recruits attend the mandatory GAMA Sanitation and Water Project facilitated induction training which covers GBV/SEA and CAE training required of all employees prior to commencing work on site. 3. Ensure that direct reports attend the monthly mandatory refresher training course required of all employees to combat increased risk of GBV/SEA and CAE during civil works. 4. Managers are required to attend and assist with the NGO-facilitated monthly training courses for all employees. Managers will be required to introduce the trainings and announce results of consequential evaluations. 5. Collect satisfaction surveys to evaluate training experiences and provide advice on improving the effectiveness of training. Prevention 168 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS 1. All managers and employees shall receive a clear written statement of the company’s requirements with regards to preventing GBV/SEA and CAE in addition to the training. 2. Managers must verbally and in writing explain the company and individual codes of conduct to all direct recruits. 3. All managers and employees must sign the individual ‘Code of Conduct for GBV and CAE’, including acknowledgment that they have read and agree with the code of conduct. 4. To ensure maximum effectiveness of the Codes of Conduct, managers are required to prominently display the Company and Individual Codes of Conduct in clear view in public areas of the work space. Examples of areas include waiting, rest and lobby areas of sites, canteen areas, health clinics. 5. All posted and distributed copies of the Company and Individual Codes of Conduct should be translated into the appropriate language of use in the work site areas (ex. Yoruba, Mandarin Chinese). 6. Managers will explain the GRM process to all employees and encourage them to report suspected or actual GBV/SEA and/or CAE. 7. Mangers should also promote internal sensitization initiatives (e.g. workshops, campaigns, on-site demonstrations etc.) throughout the entire duration of their appointment in collaboration with the GCCT, service providers and in accordance to the Action Plan. 8. Managers must provide support and resources to the GCCT and service provider NGOs to create and disseminate the internal sensitization initiatives through the Awareness-raising strategy under the Action Plan. Response 1. Managers will be required to provide input, final decisions and sign off on the Standard Reporting Procedures and Response Protocol developed by the GCCT as part of the Action Plan. 2. Once signed off, managers will uphold the Accountability Measures set forth in the Action Plan to maintain the confidentiality of all employees who report or (allegedly) perpetrate incidences of GBV/SEA and CAE (unless a breach of confidentiality is required to protect persons or property from serious harm or where required by law). 3. If a manager develops concerns or suspicions regarding any form of GBV/SEA or CAE by one of his/her direct recruits, or by an employee working for another contractor on the same work site, s/he is highly encouraged to report the case using the identified reporting mechanism. 4. Once a sanction has been determined, the relevant manager(s) is/are expected to be personally responsible for ensuring that the measure is effectively enforced, within a maximum timeframe of 14 days from the date on which the decision was made. 5. Managers failing to comply with such provision can be in turn subject to disciplinary measures, to be determined and enacted by the company’s CEO, Managing Director or equivalent highest -ranking manager. Those measures may include: i. Informal warning ii. Formal warning iii. Additional Training iv. Loss of up to one week’s salary v. Suspension of employment (without payment of salary), for a minimum period of 1 month up to a maximum of 6 months. vi. Termination of employment. 6. Ultimately, failure to effectively respond to GBV/SEA and CAE cases attributable to contractor personnel within or beyond the project’s influence area by the contractor’s managers or CEO may provide grounds for legal actions by governmental authorities and client PIU. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and CAE. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action. FOR THE EMPLOYER 169 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS Signed by ____________________ Title: _________________________ Date: _________________________ 170 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS CODE OF CONDUCT FOR CONTRACTOR STAFF GENDER BASED VIOLENCE (GBV), SEXUAL EXPLOITATION & ABUSE (SEA), CHILD ABUSE/EXPLOITATION FOR INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYEE I, __________________________________________ (name of employee), acknowledge that preventing Gender-based Violence (GBV), Sexual Exploitation & Abuse and Child Abuse/Exploitation (CAE) are important. GBV/SEA or CAE activities constitute acts of gross misconduct and are therefore grounds for sanctions, penalties or termination of employment. All forms of GBV or CAE are unacceptable either on the work site, neighbouring project communities, or at worker’s camps. Prosecution of those who commit GBV/SEA or CAE will be pursued as appropriate according to applicable laws. I also acknowledge the need to maintain peaceful relationships and interactions with residents of project areas. Specifically, I agree that while working on projects of the GAMA Sanitation and Water Project, I will: i. Maintain conflict-free relationships with residents of project areas when such relationships and interactions become necessary. ii. Consent to police background check. iii. Treat women, children (persons under the age of 18), and men with respect regardless of race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. iv. Not use language or behaviour towards women, children or men that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate. v. Not participate in sexual activity with children—including grooming or through digital media. Mistaken belief regarding the age of a child and consent from the child is not a defence. vi. Not engage in sexual favours or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behaviour. vii. Not have sexual interactions with members of the communities surrounding the work place and worker’s camps that are not agreed to with full consent by all parties involved in the sexual act. This includes relationships involving the withholding or promise of actual provision of benefit (monetary or non-monetary) to community members in exchange for sex —such sexual activity is considered “non-consensual� within the scope of this Code. viii. Attend and actively partake in training courses related to HIV/AIDS, GBV and CAE as requested by my employer. ix. Report through the GRM or to my manager suspected or actual GBV and/or CAE by a fellow worker, whether in my company or not, or any breaches of this code of conduct. With regard to children under the age of 18: x. Wherever possible, ensure that another adult is present when working in the proximity of children. xi. Not invite unaccompanied children into my home, unless they are at immediate risk of injury or in physical danger. xii. Not sleep close to unsupervised children unless absolutely necessary, in which case I must obtain my supervisor’s permission, and ensure that another adult is present if possible. xiii. Use any computers, mobile phones, or video and digital cameras appropriately, and never to exploit or harass children or to access child pornography through any medium (see also “Use of children’s images for work related purposes�). xiv. Refrain from physical punishment or discipline of children. 171 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS) SIMPLIFIED SEWERAGE NETWORK AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT FOR ASHAIMAN NEW TOWN AND TDC QUARTERS xv. Refrain from hiring children for domestic or other labor which is inappropriate given their age or developmental stage, which interferes with their time available for education and recreational activities, or which places them at significant risk of injury. xvi. Comply with all relevant local legislation, including labour laws in relation to child labour. Use of children’s images for work related purposes When photographing or filming a child for work related purposes, I must: xvii. Before photographing or filming a child, assess and endeavour to comply with local traditions or restrictions for reproducing personal images. xviii. Before photographing or filming a child, obtain informed consent from the child and a parent or guardian of the child. As part of this I must explain how the photograph or film will be used. xix. Ensure photographs, films, videos and DVDs present children in a dignified and respectful manner and not in a vulnerable or submissive manner. Children should be adequately clothed and not in poses that could be seen as sexually suggestive. xx. Ensure images are honest representations of the context and the facts. xxi. Ensure file labels do not reveal identifying information about a child when sending images electronically. I understand that it is my responsibility to use common sense and avoid actions or behaviour that could be construed as GBV or CAE or breach this code of conduct. I do hereby acknowledge that I have read the foregoing Code of Conduct, do agree to comply with the standards contained therein and understand my roles and responsibilities to prevent and respond to GBV and CAE. I understand that any action inconsistent with this Code of Conduct or failure to take action mandated by this Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action and may affect my ongoing employment. Signed by ____________________ Signed by (Employee) ____________________ Title: _________________________ (Employer/Manager) Title: Date: _________________________ _________________________ Date: _________________________ 172 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (EIS)