El 072
Volume 9
Fuzhou World Bank Financed Project
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot Project
Environmental Impact
Report
Employer:
Fuzhou   Municipal   Engineering  Development  and
Construction Corporation
January, 2005



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Employer: Fuzhou Municipal Transport Commission
Preparation unit: Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection
Legal representative: Luo Jiahai
General technical superintendent: Cui Xia
Project Mlanager: Xu Guanfu
Coordination Unit: Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station
Preparation By:
Environ mental
Name      Tittle     Assessment       Responsible Content     Signature
Certificate No.
General,         Natural
.u Senior              Enviornment      Profile,
Xu        Senior      A28020052      Current   Ambient   Air
Guanfu   Engineer                    Conditions  and  Impact
Assessment
Current Status of Water
Pena     Engineer     A28020044      Assessment,        Rimsck
Evaluation
Current Status of Sound
Wang  Senior           Environment,     Impact
Wang      Senior      A28020024      Assessment,         and
Weide    Engineer                    Environment Monitoring
Plan
Lu Yan   Assistant    A28020058      Public     Participation,
Lugnee Yan   A28020Alternative Proposal
Wang                                 Engineering    Analysis,
Wang     Engineer     A28020039      Mitigation Measures and
Junbo                                Feasiblilty Analysis
Technical Review By:
Environmental
Name      Tittle      Assessment      Responsible Content    Signature
Certificate No.
Luo         Senior     A28020001              Reveiw
Jiahai     Engineer
Zhang       Senior     A28020016              Revew
Jinhong    Engineer
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection & Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table of Content
I   GENERAL .............................................................................6
1.1    REASONS AND PURPOSE FOR THE PROJECT REPORT .................................................................6
1.1.1  Necessity  and reasonsfor the project construction ...................................... .......................6
I 1.2  Purpose of assessment .........................................................................6
1.2    PREPARATION REFERENCES ..................... .......................................................7
1.3   APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS FOR ASSESSNIENT ........................ ...............................7
1.4    ASSESSMENT STANDARDS .............................................................................9
1.5   ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS OF THE PLANNED PROJECT
AREA AND THE EXECUTION STANDARDS ............................................................................9
1.5.1  Functional districts of sound environment .........................................................................9
1.5.2  Functional districts of ambient air ........................................................................   10
1.5.3  Functional districts of water environment and execution standards ................................. 10
1.6    SCOPE OF ASSESSMENT ............................................................................  10
1.7    MAIN TECHNOLOGIES AND MEASURES FOR THE ASSESSMENT ............................................... 10
1.8    SELECTION  OF ASSESSMENT FACTORS ............................................................................   11
1.9   CLASSES OF ASSESSMENT ................... ........................................................ I 1
1.9.1  Classification measures stipulated in OP4.01 of World Bank ........................................... 11
1.9.2  Classification of domestic environmental impact assessment ................ ............................ 11
2   OVERVIEW OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT AND PROJECT ANALYSIS .                        12
2.1    OVERVIEW OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT         .          .12
2.1.1 Property of the construction project .12
2.1.2  Construction location and land acquisition .12
2.1.3  Contents and scale of the construction project .12
2.2    ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT      .       .15
2.2.1 General plane layout.                                                       15
2.2.2 Watersystem .IS
2.2.3 Analysis of main pollutant sorces .16
2.2.4  Hazard analysis of the petroleumrl and gas station .20
3. ENVIRONNIENTAL CONDITION IN THE INFLUENCE AREA OF THE PLANNED
PROJECT ......................... 22
3.1    NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ..........................                               22
3.1.1 Location .22
3.1.2  Geological and topographicalfeatures .22
3.1.3 Weather and climate.                                                        22
3.1.4 Hydrological geology .23
3.1.5 Soil.                                                                       24
3.1.6  Water basin and hydrologic general conditions .24
3.1.7  Seismic general condition ............................................... 25
3.2    STATUS QUO AND PLANNING OF THE SOCIETY IN FUZHOU ................................................ 25
3.2.1  Urban character .............................................. 25
3.2.2  Geological position .............................................. 25
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection & Fujian Provincial Radiation Environnment Supervision Station  2



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.2.3  Economic and social status quo of Fuzhou City and Nantai Island ............. ..................... 27
3.3    OVERALL PLAN OF FUZHOU CITY ......................... ............................................ 29
3.3.1  Developrnent objectives of Fuzhou City .29
3.3.2 Development scale of Fuzhou City .29
3.3.3 Development planning of Nantai Island .30
3.3.4 Functional arrangement .31
3.4    Status and Development Planning of Municipal Traffic .32
3.4.1  Status and problems of road traffic in Fuzhou City .33
3.4.2 The goal of traffic development .34
3.4.3 Survey of Public Traffic .36
3.5    Sensitive Protected Goals Surrounding Proposed Parking Lot .40
4   STATUS MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT QUALITY .                        43
4.1    Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality .43
4.1.1 Location of monitoring points .43
4.1.2 Monitoring items .43
4.1.3  Sampling time and analysis methods of monitoring ites .43
4 1.4 Assessment standard .44
4.1.5  Monitoring results and assessrment of environmental air .44
4.2   Mvfonitoring and Assessment of Noise Status .45
4.2.1 Monitoring method .45
4.2.2 Setting monitoring points .45
4.2.3 Monitoring tine .45
4 2.4  Assessment standard ofsound environment status .45
4.2.5  Monitoring results and assessment ofsound environment status .46
4.3    Status Assessment of Water Environment Quality .46
4.3.1 Assessment methods .47
4.3.2  Assessment of water environment status .48
5   ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD
49
5.1    Noise Impact Analysis during Construction Period .49
5.2   Impact Analysis and Mitigation Countermeasures of Environmental Air Quality during
Construction Period            ..51
5.2.1  Analysis of atmosphere pollution source during construction period.       51
5.2.2  Impact analysis of atmosphere environment during construction period.     51
5.3   I/mpact Assessment of Ecological Environment during Construction Period    52
5.4   Impact Assessment of Water Environment during Construction Period .52
6    ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD.                          55
6.1   Analysis of Impact on Air Environment                                      55
6.1.1 Analysis of the source of pollution.                                       55
6.1.2 Mode of atmospheric diffusion.                                             55
6.1.3 Parameters of atmospheric diffusion.                                       56
6.1.4  Wind speed and wind direction on ground surface .57
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection & Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station  3



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
6.1.5   Predicted results and     assessment .................................................................  58
6.2     Environmental Impact Assessment of Water ................................................................. 59
6.3     Environmental Impact Assessment of Noise during Operation Period [PI 1] ................... 60
7     INMPACT ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT .............                              .................... 61
7.1     Contents and Methods of Special Assessment and Impacted Sensitive Targets .........      ....... 61
7.1.1   Contents of special assessment ..................................................................  61
7.1.2   Assessment standard .................................................................        61
7.2     Mfeasuring Results of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field in the Project Site ......... 62
7.2.1   Monitoring instrument ..........................................................             62
7.2.2   Monitoring conditions ..........................................................             63
7.2.3   Layout of monitoring points ........................................................... 63
7.2.4   Monitoring results .......................................................... 65
7.3     Impact Analysis of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field ....................... .................... 67
7.3.1   The power-frequency electriefield's impact on personnel ................................................ 67
7.3.2   The power-frequency magneticfield s impact on personnel ............................................. 67
7.3.3   The po wer-frequency magneticfield s impact on CRT display ..................... .................... 68
7.4     ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON RADIO INTERFERENCE .................................................................... 68
7.4.1   Categories of communications equipment ..................................................................   68
7.4.2    Intensity of receiving signal of interfered communications equipment ...........    ................ 68
7.5      RISK IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON THE TRANSFORMER SUBSTATION AND HIGH-VOLTAGE TROLLY
WIRE 71
7.6     CONCLUSION AND COUNTERMEASURES .....................................................................   71
7.6 1   Conclusion .................................................................                 71
7.6.2   Countermeasures .................................................................            72
7.6.3   Suggestion.       ................................................................. 72
8     RISK ANALYSIS AND BUILDING PRELIMINARY PLAN FOR EMIERGENCY ............ 73
8.1     CATEGORIES OF ACCIDENTS AND RISK ANALYSIS ................................................................. 73
8.1.1   Risk analysis offueling .................................................................     74
8.2     KEY POINTS OF EMERGENCY TREATMENT ....................................................................   75
8.3     DIVISION OF WORK FOR EMERGENCY TREATMENT ................................................................. 75
8.4     EMERGENCY TREATMENT AND EMERGENCY PLAN FOR THE MAJOR ACCIDENTS .........                  ............ 76
8 4.1   Emergency treatment for the engineering project ............................................................. 76
8.4.2     Emergency treatment in reservoir area .................................................................   78
8.4.3   Preliminary plan for emergency of social rescue ............................................................. 80
8.4.4   Brief summary .................................................................... 81
9 EVALUATION AND SUGGESTION OF COUNTERMEASURESS FOR POLLUTION
TREATMENT.84
9.1      COUNTERMEASURESS FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT AND FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS .........                 ............. 84
9.2      COUNTERMEASURESS FOR WASTE GAS TREATMENT ..................................   ........................... 86
9.3       PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FOR NOISE ........................................................................ 86
9.4      COUNTERMEASURESS FOR DANGEROUS ARTICLES ............................................................... 86
9.5     POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION ............................... 87
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection & Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station  4



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
9.6     ESTIMATION OF INVESTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT ............. . .............................. 89
10    PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ....................................................           90
10.1   PURPOSE AND MEANING OR PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ............................................................. 90
0.4    FIRST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ..................................................................  90
10  4.1  Investigation  M ethod  and  Content ..................................................  90
10 4.2   Statistics and analysis offindings of public opinions . ................................................. 91
10.5    SECOND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ..........................................................  93
10. S.1  Supporting opinionsfor construction of the Project ............................................ 94
10.5.2   Issues worried by the interviewees ..............................................  94
10.6   BRIEF SUMMARY ON PUBLIC PARTICIPATION OPINIONS ......................................................... 95
11 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING PLAN ................................................. 96
11.1  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT ............................................................. 96
11.1.1  Environmental management agency .........      ............................ . ....... 96
11.1.2  Environmental management responsibilities ................. .............................. 96
11.1.3  Personnel training ............................................... 99
11.2  ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN .           .       .100.......................................................... ,o
11.2.1  Monitoring points ..............................................             100
11.2.2  Items, frequencies and durations .............................................. 100
11.2.3  Monitoring data analysis and management ........  ....................................... 101
12   MAIN CONCLUSIONS OF ASSESSMENT ................................................      103
12.1     NECESSITY OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT .103
12.2    ASSESSMENT ON THE CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY .103
12.3   ASSESSMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD .104
12.4   ASSESSMENT ON ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT .105
12.5     RISK ANALYSIS AND EMERGENCY SCHEME .106
12.6   ANALYSIS OF COUNTERMEASURES FOR POLLUTION MITIGATION .106
12.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .106
12.8 1                               .............................. 107
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protecton & Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station  5



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1.    General
1.1   Reasons and Purpose for the Project Report
1.1.1  Necessity and reasons for the project construction
Urban public traffic is a crucial component of city traffic, and public service
plays an important role in the quality of the urban citizens' life. During the
construction period of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", the social economy in
Fuzhou City has made a rapid progress, the urban city scale has been extended,
the population and the land layout of the city have been changed a lot, and
meanwhile the public traffic has been altered foundamentally. With the
guidance of the policies of "Make a great change in three years" and "Give
priority to public traffic" of the CPC committee and the municipal government
of Fuzhou, the public traffic thereof starts to get out of the bad condition and
has made a speedy improvement with various items of indexes altered
qualitatively. However, planning and construction of the stations, maintaining
yards, junction station, and the first and last bus stops of the public traffic lack
systematicality; and the first and last bus stops, the stations and stops are short
of land use. The above factors restrict the further development and betterment
of the public traffic. Therefore, the CPC committee and municipal government
of Fuzhou decide to build Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot to supplement for
the public traffic stations in downtown area and the new city area so as to
improve the service level and quality of public traffic.
The project is close to Pushang Industrial Zone. Opposite to Pushang Road is
the Jinshan residential area in planning, to the west is Jinshan Park, and to the
north is the substation and Pushang long-distance passenger transport station.
The capital raised for construction of this project is to apply for World Bank
financing together with Kuiqi Bridge.
In accordance with stipulations in Measures for Environmental Impact
Assessment of People's Republic of China, State Council of PRC No. 253
Regulations on the Administration of Constnrction Project Environmental
Protection, and The World Bank Operational Manual- Environmental
Assessment (OP4.01), environmental impact assessment must be carried out
for construction projects. In June of 2004, authorized by Fuzhou Traffic
Committee, Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection
(Certificate No. of environment assessment: GHPZJZ 2802) undertakes the
preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment Statement oj Jinshtan
Central Bus Parking Lot of' Fuzlou City.
1.1.2  Purpose of assessment
The project will undoubtedly solve the increasingly serious problem of
maintenance of buses in Fuzhou. However, whether the construction and
operation period will harm the natural and social environment or not is under
attention. This assessment aims at as per regulations and standards like
Environmental Protection Law of People's Republic of China, carrying out
investigation on the environmental quality status of atmosphere, sewage and
noise etc. in the planned area of the project, analyzing the pollutants in the
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
project, sufficiently understanding and objectively assessing impacts on the
natural, social and economical environments and putting forward mitigation
measures of environment influence and plans for pollution control so as to
realize the harnonious development of economic advancement and
environmental protection in the construction and operation of the project, and
to give full play to the benefits of the project.
1.2   Preparation References
(1) State  Council No. 253,Regulations  on   the  Administration  of
Construction Project Environmental Protection Nov.,1998;
(2) Law of the People's Republic of China on the Environmental Impact
Assessment (executed from Sep. 1, 2003);
(3) HUAN JIAN (1993) No. 324 Notice on Strengthening Management
Upon Environmental Impact Assessment of Projects Funded by
International Financial Organizations;
(4) The     World    Bank    Operational   Manual-    Environmental
Assessment(OP4.01) ;
(5) The World Bank Operational Manual- Natural Habitats.(OP4.04);
(6) The World Bank Operational Manual-Management Of Cultural Property
In Bank-Financed Projects (OP4.1 1);
(7)  Letter of Trust by   Fuzhou  Municipal Development Planning
Commission to Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental
Protection for Preparation of the Environmental Impact Statement on
Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(8) Projet Proposal on Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central
Bus Station (Including Feasiblitly Study Report);
(9) Outline of Environmental Impact Assessment on the World Bank
Financed Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus
Station;
(10) Minutes of Meeting on Technical Evaluation of the Outline of
Environmental Impact Assessment upon Parking Area Construction of
Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (Oct.27-29, 2004)
1.3   Applicable Laws and Regulations for Assessment
(1) Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China
(Dec.1989);
(2) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of
Environmental Noise Pollution (Oct. 1996);
(3) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of
,)9Il+-i    yrn4*bif &493                                              7



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Atmospheric Pollution (Amended on Apr.2000);
(4) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of
Water Pollution (Amended on May 1996);
(5) Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of
Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste (Oct.1995)
(6) Notice on Publication of the   " Sites for Construction Project
Environmental Protection (The 1st Batch) (Natioanl Envionmental
Protection Bureau [200 1]No.17);
(7) Provisions on the Environmental Administration of Electromagnetic
Radiation (Mar.25,1997);
(8) Technical Specification for Environmental Impact Assessment of
Electromagnetic Radiation in 500kV Supertension Power Transmission
and Transformation Projects (HJ/T 24-1998);
(9) Guideline on Environmental Protection Administration of Radiation-
Procedure and Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of
Electromagnetic Radiation (HJ/T 10.3-1996)
(10) Guideline on Environmental Protection Administration of Radiation-
Monitoring Instrument and Methods for Electromagnetic Radiation
(HJ/T 10.2-1996);
(11) Regulations of Fujiang Province on Environmental Protection 2002;
(12) Overall Planing of Fuzhou City (1995-2010);
(13) Regulations of Fuzhou Municipality on Environmental Protection 2002;
(14) Urban Environment Planning of Fuzhou City (Sep. 2001);
(15) Environment Planning of Nantai Island of Fuzhou City (Sep.2000);
(16) Measures of Fuzhou MunicipalityforManagement upon Urban
Afforestation and Greening (2001);
(17) Procedure for Measurement of Environmental Noise in Urban Area
(GB/T14623-93)
(18) Industrial Standard of People's Republic of China on Environmental
Protection-Technical Guidelines for Emvironmental Impalct Assessment
(HJ/T2.1 -2.3-93);
(19) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (Sound
Environment)(HJ/T2.4-1995)
(20) Technical  Guidelines  for  Environmental  Impact  Assessment
(Non-pollution Ecological Impact) (HJ/T19-1997)
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1.4   Assessment Standards
(1) Category II and VI standards in Standard of Environmental Noise of
Urban Area (GB3096-93);
(2) Noise limit in various construction phasts in Noise Limits for
Construction Site (GB12523-96);
(3) Catogory II standards in Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996)
and the amendment;
(4)  Limits and Measurement Methods for Wmissions from      Light-duty
Vehicles( I ) (GB18352.1-2001);
(5)  Limits and Measurement Methods for Wmissions from      Light-duty
Vehicles (It) (GB18352.2-2001)
(6)  The second section of Limits and Measurement Method for Exhaust
Pollutants from Compression Ignition (C.I.) Engines of Vehicles
(GB17691-2001)
(7)  Limits and measurement methods for exhaust emissions from positive
ignition (PI) engines of vehicles and vehicles equipped with PI Engines
(GB 14762-2002)
(8)  Category III standard in Environmental Quality Standard for Surface
Water (GB3838-2002)
(9)  Control Standards for Total Quantity of Pollutant Discharge in Minjiang
River (DB35/321-2001);
(10) Class III standard in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
(GB8978-96).
1.5   Assessment of the Environmental Functional Districts of the
Planned Project Area and the Execution Standards
1.5.1  Functional districts of sound environment
According to the regulations of (./rban Enmironnicnt Planning ot'f Ful.zho Cityl,
the functional districts in the assessment scope of sound environment are
mainly Category II district and Category VI district, and thus the sound
environmental quality shall apply Category II and Category VI standards
specified in GB3096-93. Thereinto, the west and north sides of Jinshan
Central Bus Parking Lot are roads. The west and north peripheries are
Category VI districts, and the east and south peripheries are Category II
districts. The standard values of environmental noise in these functional
districts are detailedly shown in Table 1.5-1.
Table 1.5-1   Standard Values of Sound Environment Quality Assessment
Unit: dB(A)
Class  Day       Night  T       Peripheries         Reference
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4      70       55          West and North        Standard of
I_________________________________________  Environmental
2     60        50           East and South     Noise of Urban
Area (GB3096-93)
1.5.2  Functional districts of ambient air
In accordance with related contents in Urban Environment Planinigt of
FuzIhou City, the whole area of the assessment scope of ambient air in this
project can be classified as Category II functional districts of ambient air, and
shall apply the standard for Category II stipulated in Ambient Air Quality
.Standardls and the revised edition. The detailed standard values are shown in
Table 1.5-2.
Table 1.5-2    Standard Values of Ambient Air Quality  Unit: mg/m3
Factors for  Sampling Time   Density            Reference
surveillance and                Limit
assessment
CO            I Hour       10.00   Ambient Air Quality Standards
NO2           t Hour       0.24     (GB3095-1996)  Category  II
PM,0         24Hours        0.15    standard
1.5.3  Functional districts of water environment and execution standards
The project sewage shall be discharged into Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant
and the final reception water body is Beigang in reference with the Category
III standard of GB3838-2002.
1.6   Scope of Assessment
(1) Atmospheric environment: peripheries within 200m of the borderline of
the selected area of the project;
(2)  Sound environment: the scope within Im  of the borderline of the
maintenance yard.
1.7   Main Technologies and Measures for the Assessment
The environmental impact assessment will be carried out according to the
stipulations of HUAN JIAN (1993] No. 324, the requirements of The. World
Bank Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment (OP4.01) and the
technical guidelines and criteria about assessment issued by the Environmental
Protection Bureau of the country. On the basis of the first-hand investigation
and survey of the project area, set up sampling locations of ambient air and
noise for regular monitoring and experimental analysis. In combination with
the monitoring data of the area in recent years, accurately determine the
environmental quality status of the area. Adopt relevant mathematical models
to carry out environmental impact assessment and bring forward
corresponding measures for pollution control.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1.8   Selection of Assessment Factors
As per the sewage features of construction projects, the following factors are
selected for assessment:
(I) Atmospheric environment: Status quo: PM1o, NO2; Impact forcast: NO2,
hvdrocarbon (not inclulde C04), CO.
(2) Sound environment: noise during construction and operation period
(3) Water environment: for status quo, pH value, COD, BOD, DO, petroleum,
and NH3-N
1.9   Classes of Assessment
1.9.1  Classification measures stipulated in OP4.01 of World Bank
In accordance with the classification measures stipulated in The World Bank
Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment (OP4.01), and as per the
pollution characteristics of construction projects, source intensity of the
pollutants and the environmental status of the project area, a comprehensive
environmental assessment is required for the project construction of Jinshan
Central Bus Parking Lot of Fuzhou, which is classified as Category A.
1.9.2  Classification of domestic environmental impact assessment
Different from that of the World Bank, the environmental impact assessments
in China as per the technical guidelines of environmental impact assessment in
China are classified into three classes.
Around Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is an office building, employees'
boarding house, maintenance yard, and petroleum and gas station. The
sewages therefrom are respectively discharged into the oil traps and then into
the municipal sewage pipe networks outside the station. The final destination
of the sewages is Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant, and the final reception
water body is Beigang. The water environment of Beigang applies Category
III standard of GB3838-2020 and the environmental impact assessment is
determined as Class III.
After the completion of the project, there will be a relatively little impact on
the sensitive points of sound environment. As per the related regulations in
Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment (sound
environment) (HJ/T2.4 - 1995), the sound environmental impact assessment of
the project is defined as Class III.
According to the stipulations in Technical Guideline for Environmental
Impact Assessment (ambient air) (HJ/T2.2 - 93), the air environment impact
assessment is determined as Class III.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
2     Overview of the Construction Project and Project Analysis
2.1   Overview of the Construction Project
2.1.1  Property of the construction project
The project of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot of Fuzhou is one of the World
Bank financed projects in Fuzhou. The total investment therein is RMB
91,910,340 Yuan, 35% of which comes from the financing of the World Bank.
2.1.2 Construction location and land acquisition
The project is located to the north of Pushang Industrial Zone, to the north is
Pushang Road, to the east is the substation, to the south is Gaozhai and Geyu
Village (including Hongjiang Road under planning) and to the east is
Hongwan Road in plan. The specific location is shown in Figure 2.1-1.
The project will take up a total area of 12.288 hectares of various kinds of
lands (including parts of the roads), among which, area of buildings is
42.1 Smu, pond area 3mu, nursery garden 104.1 9mu, and the others are
grassland or empty area.
2.1.3  Contents and scale of the construction project
The project of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, after completion, can hold
324 buses. It has a dispatching center of public traffic, a junction station, a
maintenance yard, petroleum and gas station, and employees' boarding houses
etc. The project will be divided into two phases for construction.
2.1.3.1 Construction content in Phase I
(1) The present public traffic lines of the new area of Jinshan have 218 buses.
And the newly-developed lines are 9 lines, with 176 added buses. The
parking of these buses is urgent to be resolved. Therefore, the first task
shall be the construction of public traffic station, and the scale shall hold
200 buses.
(2) Buses will feed petroleum or gas at least once a day, usually before
parking at night or before starting in the moming. Therefore the petroleum
and gas station shall be simultaneously constructed with the station. In
order to avoid repeated investment and construction, it is better to finish
the petroleum and gas station for only one time which can satisfy the
supply for 300 buses both at night and in the daytime. Part of the station
can be operated towards extemal businesses.
(3) It is necessary to prepare a repair shop in the station of public traffic for
the repair of vehicles operating every day. The scale shall be adapted to the
land scale of Phase I and the service condition.
The floor plan of Phase I project is shown in Figure 2.1-2.
For the main economic indexes of Phase I project, see Table 2.1-1.
g-y1. tA i-t4 *E 1i 3q ;& w  t w41 TI I  9                           1 2



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table 2.1-1 Economic Indexes of Phase I Project
Quantity                 Unit (hectare)
Total   area  of   land  4.34                     Hectare
acquisition
Land of station (200 buses)  2.23                Hectare
Land of repair shop      0.25                    Hectare
Land of petroleum and gas 0.54                   Hectare
station
Office building of the gas 348                   m2
station
Washing workshop         3                       set
Afforestation area       0.41                     Hectare
2.1.3.2 Construction content of Phase II
(1) On the basis of Phase I project, properly extend the station in order to
satisify the requirements of bus parking for the medium and long term of
Jinshan new area. The scale shall be able to hold 300 buses.
(2) With the development of the new area of Jinshan, and the increase of
public traffic lines, it is important to carry out supplementary construction
of the first and last bus stops. For the present, there are only two initial and
final stations in Jinshan Exhibition City and Industrial Zone. A majority of
buses are parked along the road. In Pushang District, the Pushang
Industrial Zone has been completed. Jinshan residential area to the north of
Pushang Road is under development and construction. It is obvious that
there will be a certain amount of passenger flows in the block in the next
few years. Therefore, the construction of initial and final stations in
combination with the station shall be carried out to meet the requirement
of the passenger flows, and to balance the layout of the network of public
traffic lines.
After completion of Pushang Bridge, the first and last bus stop shall be
upgraded as a junction station in connection with the University City and
the downtown area. 8 lines are planned for the station.
(3) The key in Phase II project is to construct the elementary maintenance
yard and repair shop in the station, so that the first and second maintenance
of buses shall be completed in the station and meanwhile the repair work
of 300 buses shall be finished in the station.
(4) In 2010, there will be 2880 buses for public traffic in Fuzhou. With the
increase of buses and public traffic lines in operation, the dispatching by
man cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, the construction of a
modernized dispatching and control center for public traffic becomes
urgent and will be beneficial to the promotion of service level and work
efficiency of public traffic as well as to the maintaining of sustainable
development of city traffic.
(5) In the station, build some boarding houses for the employees so as to
provide a place for the drivers and stewards of the buses in wee hours to
r-9ii [5M;ttif 4tHR8;&giES+SFSiXX                                            13



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
rest at night.
(6) To eliminate the impact on the surrouding environment, it is required to
increase the afforestation rate of the field in Phase II project.
The floor plan of Phase II project is shown in Figure 2.1-3.
Refer to Table 2.1-2 for the main economic indexes of Phase II project.
Table 2.1-2 Economic Indexes of Phase II Project
Quantity           Unit
Dispatching and   Dispatching and control center   10262            m
control zone         Dispatching room             115              m2
_____ _  Dispatching equipment      342              set
Waiting zone       Coi prehensive building        420              mi
Lounge hall               1600             mz
Service room in lounge hall      8                lfil
Ticket room, boiled water supply2
room, tool room and          106              m2
supplementary workshop
Parking lot and          Repair shop              7032              m
maintenance zone        Maintainin shop             5018
Maintaining equipment          342       
Parking lot of buses        15873   _m~
Petroleum and gas    Petroleum and gas house        1705    _
station             Office bulding              348              m
Underground store house of      499              m 2
petroleum and gas
Fillins eguipment           342              set
Washin( workshod        Washing workshop             4                set
Auxiliary and living  Boarding house of employees   3380 mei
facilities           Auxiliars stores           1200 ml 
Lodge                   100              m~
W.C.                    32              rn
Afforestation             17630              2
2. 1.3.3 Project profile after completion of Phase I and Phase II
i                ~~~~~~The assessment object is the general content of Phase I and Phase II.
i                ~~~~~~(1) 3-5mn width of green belt along the roads surrounding the field, and green
belts around the dispatching center and employees' dormitory buildings
(2) A capacity of 300 buses of the parking lot scale
(3) Departure of 100 shifts of the 8 lines every hour in the junction station
(4) Maintenance of about 38 buses in the maintenance yard every day
(5) Gas filling of 19500m3 for 300 buses in the parking lot every day, and the
external business: 7800m3 gas filling for passing-by taxies in the petroleum
and gas station.
J 911ygip4Sttg&gtt'gtgt§2                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~14



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table 2.1-3 Project Profile
S/N                  Project Name                  Basic Data
Capacity of the parking lot (bus)       300
2            Daily power consumption (kwh)         5201.07
3            Daily water consumption (m'ld)         440
4          Fixed number of employees (persons)       100
5            Total investment of the project       12014.82
(RMB I0,000 Yuan)
2.2    Engineering Analysis of the Construction Project
2.2.1  General plane layout
The spatial arrangement of the station: office block, residential area, parking
lot, initial and final station, petroleum and gas station and maintenance yard.
The details are shown in Figure 2.1-2.
The office block and residential area are the most populous areas inside the
station, located at the northwest of the field, and close to Jinshan Park,
providing a good environment for recreation, work and living of people.
The first and last bus stop is located at the southwest of the field, a best and
convenient position for the passengers of Jinshan Industrial Zone and the
long-distance passenger station. The arrangement of the parking lot makes it
convenient for buses to stop in any berth.
2.2.2  Water system
2.2.2.1 Supply system
The municipal supply net feeds water into the pipeline in the station. The
designed daily maximum supply is 440m3.
2.2.2.2 Drainage system
Separate system for rain and sewage is adopted for drainage. Rain water above
the buildings is discharged by means of internal drainage method. The fecal
sewage of the office buildings and the boarding houses, after processed in the
treatment tank, is discharged into the municipal sewage network; sewages of
the eatery, washing workshop, gas station, maintenance and cleaning are piped
into the separate oil traps for pre-treatment and then discharged into the
municipal drainage networks. The total amount of drainage is 357.7m3/d.
2.2.2.3 Fire-fighting system
Fire hydrant systems are installed in the office buildings, boarding houses and
the garage. Automatic sprinkler system is adopted in the garage. For
fire-fighting subareas in the garage, prepare fire-proof roll screens. Conserve
fire fighting water in the water tank of the maintenance workshop and
comprehensive building. In the fire pump room of the garage, set up fire water
pond to ensure the water supply of the hydrant system.
III "r Al@p f4ffR r&V   £TSA     NY                                      15



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
2.2.3  Analysis of main pollutant sources
2.2.3.1 Status quo and exhaust condition of buses
The public traffic system in Fuzhou has various sorts of vehicles in operation,
of which, a large proportion are vehicles with diesel engine. It is shown in
Table 2.2-1 and Table 2.2-2 that the models and exhaust conditions of the
public buses. The standard of pollutant exhaust in Table 2.2-2 are
GB14761.5-93 Emission Standard for Pollutants at Idle Speed from Vehicle
with Petrol Engine and GB14761.6-93 Emission Standardfor Smoke at Free
Acceleration from Vehicle with Diesel Engine, and the inspected data of the
exhaust emission for vehicles with petrol engine is at idle speed, while that of
the vehicles with diesel engine is at free acceleration.
Table 2.2-1 Models of Public Buses
Vehicle                         Cyclinder capacity   Rated Oil     Actual oil
Category      Model of engine          (ml)        (c/On  km)      consump)on
Vehicle      CAI OC (Jiefang)         5550
with petrol  CA6102Q (Jiefang)         5560             30.5          29.91
engine    EQ6102Q (Dongfeng)         5420
Vehicle        CY6102BQ               5785
with diesel     (Chaoyang)                               23           22.34
engine      6BT5.9 (Cunmins)         5880
Table 2.2-2 Emission Condition of Waste Gas of Public Vehicles in Operation
Emission standard                       Actual inspected data
Vehicle category     CO        Hydrocarbon      Vehicle       CO       Hydrocarbon
(%)           (ppm)        catogory      (%)         (ppm)
Petrol   New         4.5           1200      Petrol engine  1.2-2.0     300-600
engine    Old        5.0           1500       Ptoege        12.          306
Diesel engine           4.5-51FSN           Diesel engine         2-3FSN
Notes: new vehicles refer to vehicles after July 1, 1995, those before are old ones.
2.2.3.2 Analysis of main air pollutant sources
After the completion and putting into use of the station, the emission thereof
mainly comes from the exhaust of motor vehicles and the soot from the eatery.
1) Exhaust of motor vehicles in the station
There are 300 berths for motor vehicles in the station. Pollutants in the exhaust
of them are mainly nitrogen oxides, CO, hydrocarbon and black smoke, which
are diversified with the diversity of the categories of the vehicles and the
driving speed thereof
Table 2.2-3 Comprehensive Emission Factors of Heavy Duty Petrol Cars and
Heavy Duty Vehicles with Diesel Engine
Operating          Heavy duty petrol cars          Heavy duty diesel vehicles
condition      HC    I    CO     I  NOx         HC     I    CO         NOx
30km/h (g/km)   12.72      81.25       6.28       2.47        7.15       12.82
16



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1Okm/h (g/km)   26.85     195.28      5.59       4.27       16.10      18.69
5km/h (g/km)   37.76      256.35      5.41       4.99       20.60      21.24
Idle speed     1.34      9.50       0.01        0.30       0.50       0.33
(g/min)
300 berths are planned in this station, for parking of public buses at night. In
the junction station, there are altogether 100 shifts of the 8 lines every hour,
thus there are 1900 buses/times/d coming into or leaving the parking lot. The
running speed is Shmi/h, average idle speed time is 5min and the average
running distance is 400m.
Therefore, the average emission of air pollutants of each vehicle coming into
and leaving the parking lot shall be calculated as per the following fornula:
Si=(Eig , L+Iig  T) Fg+(Eid+Id , T)Fd
Thereinto, Eig is the comprehensive emission factor of heavy duty petrol cars;
Iig is the emission factor of heavy duty petrol cars at idle speed; Fg is the
proportion of petrol cars; Eid is the comprehensive emission factor of heavy
duty diesel vehicles; Iid is the emission factor of heavy duty diesel vehicles at
idle speed; and Fd is the proportion of diesel vehicles.
The proportion of petrol vehicles is 40% and that of the diesel vehicles is 60%.
Therefore the average emission amounts of each vehicle entering and exiting
the parking lot are: HC10.82g, CO 66.45g, and NOx 6.97g. The average
emission of air pollutants in the parking lot is shown in Table 2.2-4. Suppose
that the tumover vehicle flow at peak hours in the station is 100 buses/times/h,
the source intensity of air pollutants in the station at peak hours is shown in
Table 2.2-4.
Table 2.2-4 Air Pollutants from Motor Vehicles in the Station
HC               CO                 NOx
Emission factor per vehicle  10.82            66.45               6.97
(g)
Daily emission (kg/d)       20.56             126.26              13.24
Emission at peak hours (g/s)  0.30             1.85               0.19
2) Waste gas from the eatery
There are 100 employees in the station. Gas cooker units are to be installed in
the eatery. Oil gas is planned to be used. There are two cooking stoves with a
smoke emission of 2000m3/h. To be calculated as 3 hours of operation per day,
the smoke emission from the eatery will be 12000m3/d.
2.2.3.3 Analysis of main water pollutants
1) Main souces of drainage out of the parking lot:
a. Sewage from washing the vehicles in the washing workshop;
g i11t4git4ttg&gtXat§#                                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
b. Washing water in the maintenance workshop;
c. Sewage in the waiting zone;
d. Sewage from office building and domestic sewage;
e. Sewage from the eatery.
Table 2.2-5 Condition of Production of Sewage
Functional area    Scale               Calculation          Amount of sewage
__________________  ____________coefficient  (m3/d)
Domestice  sewage  100 people          0.315m3/d  person    31.5
of employees
Washing workshop   60 vehicles/d       I m3/vehicle * time  60
Maintenance        12050 mL            0.02 m3/ m2  d       241.0
workshop
Waiting zone       2020 m'             0.01 m 3/ m2  d      20.2
Eatery             100 people, 3 meals  0.05 m3/person * meal  15
Working sewage of 100 people           0.05 m3/d * person   5
employees
Total              357.7 m /d
Table 2.2-5 Production and Discharge Condition of Pollutants
Vegetable
Sewage             CODcr      BOD5        SS     Petroleum    and
animal oil
Domestic
sewage                     250        150       180       --         28
(31.5m /d)
Maintenance
workshop                    300        100       200       150        --
(240.1 m3/d)
Sewage of
washing (60     Density      250        80        150       20
in3/d)      Density__                                      _ __  __ _ __ _
Waiting zone    2mg/L)
(023/d                   280        180       200
Eatery
Eate3r                    400        250       200                  150
Working
sewage of                   200        120       150       --         20
employees (5
m /d)
Required density of      500        300       400        30         100
connector (mg/L)
Domestic     Discharge
sewage       density       250        150       180       --         28
(31.5m /d)     (mg/L)
Maintenance
workshop                    300        100       200       30
(240. 1m3/d)
F tIlT rgtit4@bA2g&gtg8gtggt§4                                                   18



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Sewage of
washing (60               250       80      150       20
m 3/d)                        _ _ _ _                     _ _ _ _
Waiting zone2818                             20        --
(20.2m3d)                280       180      200
Et3/d(                 400       250      200               100
Working
sewage of                200       120      150               20
emplo 'ees (5
m /d)
2) Collection of initial rain water and the pollutants therein
Because of the incoming and leaving of vehicles in the parking lot, there must
be some leakage or drop of pollutants. In case of raining, those pollutants will
be brought into the rivers with the rain. These are pollutants of non-point
source pollution. In order to eliminate these kinds of pollutants, it is planned to
collect the initial rain water in the first 1 5min for process in biochemical pond
and then the rain water is discharged with other kinds of sewage.
The pollutant parameters of water quality of the initial rain water in the
maintenance yard are mainly BOD5, CODCr, petroleum and suspended matters
etc.
The production of initial rain water can be estimated as per the formula: Initial
rain water discharge amount (t/d) = annual average quantity of precipitation in
the project area (m) X   runoff coefficient X  gathering area (mi2) X
10%/annual precipitation days. The runoff coefficient is 0.8, the annual
2
quantity of precipitation is 1354mm, the gathering area is 122,400m , and the
annual precipitation days are 150 days.
Table 2.2-6 Initial Rain Water Pollutants
..  .              ~~~~~Before zrocess
Initial rain waterBeoercs
___________ram___water ___Petroleum CODc, BOD5  SS
Density   70.0    200    60     50
Quantity 88.4m3/d  mgIL
Production  6.2    17.68  5.30   4.42
kgld
Sewage of the project, in case of meeting the requirements of connectors, shall
be discharged into the municipal sewage pipeline network to be treated in
Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant. As per Table 2.2-5, sewage in need of
pre-treatment is the oily sewage from the maintenance and repair workshop,
and the quantity thereof is 240. 1m3/d.
2.2.3.4 Noise source
The noise of this project mainly comes from the spare generator room, the air
compressor plant, and operation of machine in maintenance and repair shop as
4+1 r~ 9, tgtA R IP jr,4 * qJf iL'JW &V2g 31 g Sf3V, JM, J   it§      19



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
well as the noises of the public buses. The levels of the noises from various
sources are: generator 105 - I lOdB(A), air compressor75 - 85dB(A),
machines and equipment 80-9OdB(A), and the public buses 79-82dB(A).
Noises in the construction period mainly come from the construction
machinery and the noise value thereof is 86- 112dB(A).
2.2.3.5 Solid waste
The solid waste of this project is mainly the production waste residue in the
parking lot and the domestic garbage of the workers. The production waste
residue, to be calculated as per 10kg for each maintenance vehicle, 38 vehicles
per day, will be about 0.38t/d, and will be 138.7t per year; the domestic
garbage, to be calculated as per 0.5kg/person/d, will be 0.05t/d and 18.25t per
year.
2.2.4  Hazard analysis of the petroleum and gas station
2.2.4.1 Function and scale of the petroleum and gas station
Oil tanks and gas tanks are set in the petroleum and gas station, supplying
petrol, diesel and CNG. There will also be automatic weighing devices.
Therefore the station can admit the operations of petroleum or gas filling of
several vehicles simultaneously.
(1) Physical property of the stored oil
904 Lead-free petrol
Flammable liquid, colorless to light yellow, with a special odour, highly
volatile; relative density 0.8, boiling point 37.8C, relative density of the gas
3.0, insoluble in the water, lead content<0.013g/l, sulfur content<0.15g/l;
flash point -43°C--23C, self-ignition point280C, explosive rangel.4'-7.6%,
poisonous, narcotic in case of inhalation of high density.
Petrol is classified as Item I Class I dangerous article of flammable liquid with
low flash point in the harzardous degrees stipulated by the state, the serial
number is 3001.
Diesel
Light green, transparent liquid, degree of color< No.2, with a special odour,
insoluble in water, flammable, if meet with heat source, open fire or strong
oxidizer, easy to be lighted; relative density 0.85, melting point -29.56C,
boiling point 180-370°C, and flash point 40°C. Gas density 4, gas pressure
4.OkPa, flammable limits of the mixture of air and the gas 0.7-5.0%, the
residue carbon in the 10% residual oil below 0.3%, cetane number above 45,
sulfur content300-500ppm, and nitrogen content 10-100ppm.
(2) Physical property of CNG
The main component of CNG is the hydrocarbon in paraffin, composed of
rl+i-il4af>K4teb0tfi5&g3t<Stggi§ ~                                   20



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
CH4(82%-98%), a little C2H6, C3H8, and C4H10. CNG is a kind of complex
hydrocarbon CnHm. CGi4 has a good capability in anti detonation, and the RON
of it can achieve 130. C2H6, C3H8, and C4HAo, with a bad antidetonation
quality, will reduce the antidetonation capacity of CNG. However, the
contents of them are low, thus the influence is minimum. Therefore, the
antidetonation capacity of CNG is much better than that of petrol.
CNG used for vehicles is strictly restricted by some technological standards
and requirements. It is required to dewater, purify, and unmix the CNG so as
to remove the unsatisfactory components like sulfur, sulfide, water and heavy
hydrocarbon etc. Vehicle-use CNG after processing shall be a kind of high
quality, highly efficient and clean substitute fuel material.
The ignition temperature of CNG in constant pressure is 600-650'C, while
that of the petrol is 380-450°C, and that of the diesel is 260-350°C.
Whether the mixture of CNG and air is easy to be lighted depends on the ratio
of air and CNG and the components of CNG. Compared with petrol, CNG has
a relative stronger energy in ignition.
2.2.4.2 Hazard analysis
(1) Hazard analysis of pollution of soil and underground water by the oil in the
petroleum station
There are mainly two kinds of instances i.e. surface leakage and underground
leakage in most oil leakage accidents in petroleum and gas stations. Surface
leakage is mainly leakage of tank car for oil transportation, leakage of oil
pump in oil discharge, leakage because vehicles collide with the equipment in
the station, leakage of failure of filling equipment and during the repair work,
and small quantity of leakage in the process of filling in the vehicles.
Underground leakage is mainly the leakage of the buried oil tanks and oil
pipeline because of chemical erosion, leakage because of stretching and
breaking of pipelines for changes of geocondition, or leakage caused by
improper grounding buildings, and the stress of running vehicles.
There are various measures for prevention of oil leakage, such as constructing
sealing up tunnel, sealing up wall to the ground water level, laying rubber anti
seepage isolation layer, or setting concrete or 4 in I soil isolation layers etc.
(2) Hazard analysis of CNG leakage
There are mainly four kinds of accidents in CNG station, fire; explosion and
leakage; explosion after fire; and fire after explosion. Each of the four will
cause serious results. Therefore it is important to take precautions to prevent
the occurrence.
T_)lH m 91 JA a i;p 4 * ff) p;& t M9 31 w V 4-t 91 4A 9 IXl             2 1



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.    Environmental Condition in the Influence Area of the
Planned Project
3.1   Natural Environment
3.1.1  Location
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is located at the southwest part of Nantai
Island to the southeast of Pushang Road and Hongwan Road. To its east is
Pushang Industrial Zone. The area of the project used to belong to the
newly-built Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. Therefore, the west and the
south to the project are areas for residences of the villagers. In the middle area
and to the east are nursery gardens and farmlands etc. The specific location is
shown in Figure 2.1-1.
To the east of the station is the substation, and Pushang long-distance
passenger station under planning; to the south is Hongjiang Road in planning,
and across road are the residential areas of the new Geyu Village and Gaozhai
Village; to the west is Hongwan Road in planning, across the road is the area
for the planned extension of Jinshan Park; to the north is Pushang Road.
3.1.2  Geological and topographical features
The general topographical patterns of the location from the west to the east are
medium mountain, low mountain, high hill, low hill, mesa plain and then the
sea, which are regularly arranged. The surface relief descends as per layers.
The field belongs to Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. To the south is the
residential areas of the villagers, to the east are nursery gardens and farmlands
etc., and to the north and the west are roads. The surface relief descends from
the southwest to northeast. And the ground elevation is 4.6-5.6m.
There are three high pressure towers and some electric power facilities in the
field, which are difficult to be removed during the construction.
3.1.3  Weather and climate
At low latitude, and close to the ocean, Fuzhou has a subtropical marine
climate; because of the impact of the seasonal exchange of the cold and warm
drafts, the seasons are distinct without extreme coldness in winter nor intense
heat in summer. It has a sufficient precipitation with an annual quantity of
1,354mm. The precipitation in summer takes up 37% of the total quantity. It is
rich in sunshine. In spring, the weather changes a lot while in autumn, it is
relatively stable. The wind is mainly southeaster, and then comes the
northwester and north wind. There is seldom northeaster. The maximum wind
speed in the year is 14-17m/s. In typhonic seasons, the instant maximum
wind speed can reach 42m/s. The frost-free period is as long as 328 days.
According to statistics of data in the 39 years from 1951 to 1989 by the
weather station of Fuzhou, the annual temperature of Fuzhou is 16-20°C; the
extreme high temperature is 41°C. The average temperature in July is 28.8°C,
mi- lY9;A%14*WRPfT&4AA_     rTla f M                                   22
m  m     m            m            m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
the maximum temperature difference in the daytime is 17.3°C (that is on July
21, 1982), and the average temperature difference in July is 14.6-C. The
average temperature in January is 10°C and the extreme low temperature is
-2.5 C.
According to the statistical data of the weather station of Fuzhou, the leading
wind direction in the year is southeaster, with a frequency of 14.3%, the
secondary leading wind direction in summer is south wind, and in winter is
northwester. The frequency of calm wind throughout the year is 20%.
The annual average wind speed is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind speed is
31.7m/s. From the middle ten days of July to the last ten days of September is
the typhonic period, the occurrence of typhoon in which takes up 80% of the
year round. Influenced by the typhoon, the average maximum wind speed and
extreme high speed can achieve Level 12; the wind direction is northeast. The
most serious typhoon (No. 6112) in September 12, 1961 landed in Jinjiang at
14:00, with the extreme high speed of 45m/s and the maximum speed of 40m/s.
Apart from the typhoon, the winds caused by disasters like storm and hail etc.
can reach the speed of 24 30m/s. Around the project area is mainly
southeaster, with the wind power of Level 5-6.
Fuzhou is subtropical marine monsoon climate in south Asia. The sunshine
hours for the whole year thereof are 1968.6h. The average precipitation
quantity for many years is 1342.5mm. The distribution of precipitation is
uneven in terms of time and space. The precipitation thereof is mainly divided
into four periods, March-April spring rain period, May-June bai-u rainy
period; July-September typhoon and storm period, and October- next Febuary
the brief rain period. Precipitation in bai-u rainy period takes up 32.2%,,o of the
whole year while precipitation in the flood season from April to June takes up
7.3.7'O.
The average relative humidity of Fuzhou in March-June reaches 80%-84%,
that of October to next January is 71%-74%, and that in July to September
and in February is 76%/6-78%. The annual average relative humidity is 77%.
The absolute humidity averages 19mm every year.
3.1.4  Hydrological geology
The ground water along the line is mainly pore water, fissure water and pore
crack water.
Pore water distributes in ®  Littoral plain. Because the quatemary system is
quite thick in deposition, it usually has 1-2 water-bearing layers, which
compose pore ground water or confined water. The groundwater elevation is
commonly 0.5-3.0m. The confined water layer, as per the depth of the water
layer in different sectors, has a water production of I-IOULs. The water quality
thereof is complicated. (  The grit and pebbles in the alluvium and dilluvium
of the quatemary system absorb the atmospheric sedimentation or the side
gain from the river; this layer is rich in water and the water level varies a lot
with the seasons.
r l      ll- f£;l4   I * hif ;&Vt fl!g'VIT,igtN                        23



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Fissure water is rich in the bedrock joint fissure or the fracture zone, the
replenish source of which is atmospheric precipitation; and the water level of
which is seldom influenced by the seasonal variation. The fissure water is
always ejected in the form of spring at the low cavity with a large quantity.
Pore crack water is always distributed at the bottom  of cracked slope
lamination and bedrock weathered zone. This kind of ground water is mainly
replenished by atmospheric precipitation and the water content is minimum.
3.1.5  Soil
Geologically, in this location is fine sand with a depth of 30m; on the earth
surface is sedentary clay soil: isabelline, castable if hard, saturated if wet,
mainly fine textured soil, with few sand grains. Some is sedentary mastic clay
soil: mauve or glaucous, mainly fine textured soil with sand grains.
3.1.6  Water basin and hydrologic general conditions
Minjiang River originates from Wuyi Mountain, Xianxia Mountain and
Shanling Mountain etc. at the junction of the three provinces of Fujian,
Zhejiang and Jiangxi. From the northwest to the southeast, it flows across
Nanping, Fuzhou and enters the East Sea in Mawei. The river is 581km long,
and its basin area is 60992km2, which almost one half of the area of Fujian
Province. It is the biggest river in the whole province.
The downstream of Minjiang River splits into two branches respectively in the
south and north. The south branch is called Nangang (or Wulong River) and
the north branch is called Beigang (also called Minjiang River). Beigang flows
across the urban area of Fuzhou City, and then converges with the south
branch Wulong River in Mawei Economic Development Zone. The converged
river enters Hekou section, goes by Tingtou and splits into two branches of the
south and north again. The two branches respectively flow into the sea by
Meihua and Changmen. Nangang is about 27.5km from the diffluence pass of
Huai'an to Wulongjiang Bridge. Its watercourse is wide and shallow. The flow
path is wandering as the channel of flood discharge and sediment ejection.
In the drainage area of Minjiang River, the precipitation is abundant, and the
volume of runoff is large. From April to June, it is mainly frontal precipitation,
while from July to September, it is always typhoon rain. The above two kinds
of rain are the mainly precipitation patterns. The water in the drainage area of
Minjiang River mainly comes from the flood of the three branches in the
upstream (Jianxi River, Futun River and Shaxi River). From the analysis of the
historic observation data, the three branches do not combine with the branches
of Nangang.
Wulong River locates at the tidal river section in the downstream of Minjiang
River. Because of its special geological location, the river encounters flood
from the upstream and tide in the downstream. The south tide at the exit of
Minjiang River influences Nangang, Beigang and even the branch of Zhuqi of
Minjiang River.
As per analysis of the measured peak flow, for the current diversion ratio of
r,ll IJAN   4-*iff               9 A,                                 24



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
the volume of flow of Nangang and Beigang, at low water time, the volume of
Beigang accounts for more than 70% of the total volume. In flood time, the
volume of Nangang takes up more than 70% of the total. The general trend is
with the increase of volume, the diversion ratio of Beigang decreases.
3.1.7  Seismic general condition
According to Planning Graphic qoJDivision of thi Seismic Intensitv in China,
the seismic intensity of this project area is Degree VII seismic zone.
Located at the north section of the southeast seismic belt along the coast, i.e.
the faulted basin of the quatemary system in Fuzhou, the project field is an
active structural basin, the controlled fracture of which is grid pattem fracture
structure. The fracture is several km - tens of kilometers. And the width is
several meters to more than ten meters. The adjacent area of the field has no
symptom of movement since Holocene.
3.2   Status Quo and Planning of the Society in Fuzhou
3.2.1  Urban character
In accordance with General Urban Planning of Fuzhou 1995 - 2010, the
urban character of Fuzhou is defined as the capital city of Fujian Province, a
national historical and cultural city (publicized in the second batch), an
important economic center in the southeast area along the coast of our country,
and a modem port city.
3.2.2  Geological position
Fuzhou is situated in the junction point of the sea routes and airlines of the
Asian districts with economic development at a high speed, the center of the
highly opened zone along the coast of our country, the central point of the
developed districts between the Yangtze Delta and Zhujiang Delta. The district
advantage of Fuzhou is obvious. What's more, the airport, important
infrastructures like harbour, the main arteries in the south and north direction
along the coast (highways) and railway etc. further strengthen the advantages
of this location.
Nantai Island, situated at the west and south parts of the downtown area, has
convenient traffic conditions in waterway, landway and airway. On the island,
there are beautiful mountains, verdant trees, which endow the island with
abundant natural and cultural sights. More than 60 universities, colleges,
secondary schools and research institutes locate in Cangshan District, thus the
district is the most important education and scientific and technological
research base. Cangshan District of Nantai Island is developed in economy,
and has formed Cangshan Scientific and Technological Park and Cangshan
Industrial Zone etc. In 2001, the industrial output thereof was RMB
450,000,000 Yuan. There have been industrial bases Jinshan Investment Zone,
Gaishan Investment Zone and Chengmen Investment Zone in Nantai Island,
thus the island now is a significant area of urban construction and investment
in Fuzhou, and will play an important role in the development of this century:
for one, as a new growing point of the urban area in Fuzhou, and the new city
r-l- i-ri ff JANI;N4*e 3MttMA 1W$i14-f5 A19i2                         25



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
area, it takes on a task in expanding the city scale and increasing the economic
output; for the other, it has to share the functions of Gutai District in dispelling
the population and traffic burden of the city and in promoting the development
of the city into a virtuous circle.
F4+1 I ri^ JEF tA -9 r f4 * g& g2gFUV 3 g g $j V 9, JA rM M                26



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.2.3  Economic and social status quo of Fuzhou City and Nantai Island
3.2.3.1 Population and community
Fuzhou city implements a system to bring along the development of counties
by cities. It has five districts, two cities and six counties under its jurisdiction,
namely five districts of Gulou District, Taijiang Disctrict, Jin'an District,
Cangshan District, and Mawei District, two cities of Fuqing City and Changle
City, six counties of Minhou County, Lianjiang County, Luoyuan County,
Minqing County, Yongtai County and Pingtan County. Up to the end of 2001,
there are 1726,200 households, and a permanent population of 5,941,400,
among which 1,537,700 are the urban population (of the five districts).
Nantai Island is situated in the south part of Fuzhou downtown area. After the
adjustment of the district division of Fuzhou urban area, Cangshan District
extends to include the whole Nantai Island, with five towns namely Jianxin
Town, Gaishan Town, Chengmen Town, Cangshan Town and Luozhou Town,
35 community residents' committees, 36 residents' committees, and 112
administrative villages under its jurisdiction. The total area is 142km2.
3.2.3.2 Status quo of development and utilization of land resources in Nantai Island
Nantai Island is diversified in land patterns, and rich in land resources. There
are altogether 142km2 in the whole district. The maximum land use rate in this
district is in Cangshan Town, 99.27% and the minimum land use rate is in
Chengmen Town, 90.17%.
In the developed land area of this district, the agricultural land, including
farmland, gardens, forest land, grassland and culturable water area etc. is
7896.33hectares, accounting for 59.7%, most of which is in Jianxin Town; non
agricultural land, including residential area, industrial and mineral area, traffic
land and non culturable water area etc. 5330.47 hectares, accounting for 40.3%,
most of which is in Cangshan Town. Thereinto, gardens take up a maximum
proportion of agricultural land (41.7%), then comes the culturable water area,
32%. The unused land area is 980.83hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the total,
78.38% of which is uneven ground 768.78 hectares, 12.25% of which is pathes
between fields, 120.1 lhectares, and 5.94% of which is bare ground,
58.23hectares. The other land patterns occupy a minimum area and proportion.
The sequence of unused land areas from the more to the less are Chengmen
Town, Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town.
3.2.3.3 Status quo of economic development
Since the reform and opening up, the national economy and social cause of
Fuzhou have been developed to a large extent, with the comprehensive
strength of the city ranking the top 10 capital cities in the whole country. In
1984, Fuzhou was announced as a national historical and cultural city in the
second batch, and one of the 14 port cities opening to the outside world along
the coast; in 1985, it was listed as one of the comprehensive experimental
cities of the national reform of economic system; in 1990, it became one of the
35 cities with GDP over RMB 10,000,000,000 Yuan. In 1991, it ranked the
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
first "top 50 cities of comprehensive strength in China" and the 40 excellent
cities in investment hard environment; in 1997, the comprehensive strength
ranked 24 among the 219 cities above the level of district; and in 2001, the
economic total output of the city ranked 9t, which was 17th in 1978 among the
26 capital cities.
Fuzhou City successively won the title of "National Excellent City in
Civilization Construction" and "National Hygenic City", for three times was
awarded with "National Excellent City in Science and Education Promoting
the City Development", for four times continuously won the title of "National
Model City for Mutual Support between the Civilian and the Arm Forces",
and in 2000, it was selected as one of "Chinese Outstanding Tourism Cities"
with a high score and high quality.
In 2001, the GDP of the city achieved RMB 107,423,000,00OYuan, 9.4%
more than that of the last year. Thereinto, the increase of the first industry is
RMB 13,264,000,000 Yuan, that of the second industry is RMB
50,563,000,00OYuan, and that of the third industry is RMB 43,596,000,000
Yuan. Up to the end of the year 2001, there are altogether 1,726,200
households, with a permanent population of 5,941,400 (the natural increase
rate of population is 0.486%). Therefore, the GDP per capita is RMB 18,034
Yuan, which growed 8.4% from the last year.
3.2.3.4 Natural scenery of the city
Fuzhou is one of the outstanding tourism cities of China, and also is a tourism
city with unique characteristics. As early as the Song Dynasty, the city of
Fuzhou was covered with banyan trees. People didn't need to use covers in
summer. Thus the city got a name of "Banyan City". Yushan Mountain,
Wushan Mountain and Pingshan Mountain with fascination and beauty in the
city make Fuzhou become a unique city of "Mountains and Urban Area are
interweaved". Futhermore, with Wuta Pagoda and White Pagoda of a history
of more than 1000 years, and Minjiang River (Nangang) with an annual
volume of 60billion m3 running across the city area, the unique scenery of
"Three mountains, two pagodas and one river" with a rich historical and
cultural charm was formed. What's more, Gushan Mountain and Xichan
Temple in this city are world renowned. Gushan Mountain, with Yongquan
Temple as its center, has more than 160 scenic spots in the four directions of
east, west, south and north. Furthermore, the city has North National Forest
Park, Qishan Scenic Spot etc.
3.2.3.5 Status quo of development and utilization of ground water resources
Minjiang River has an average annual runoff of 56.1 billion m3 for many years.
The average runoff depth of the section in Fuzhou is 500-1500mm. The
average runoff depth in the downtown area is 680mm. The annual water
production is 26,000,000m3, and that is 1,954m3 per person. However, since
the water amount at the entrance of Minjiang River is large, the freshwater
resource is rich in Fuzhou. The water amount per capita is as much as
12,500m3, ranked the second of the 14 opened cities along the coast. At
present, Cangshan district has water supply plants like: Chengrnen Water Plant,
Yixu Water Plant, and Nanqu Water Plant. The water supply of Chengmen
T. ... _iV ._ _A RV, f4* .ifi __PTiMal 3± W 9 V -DPA A IF M~  28



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Water Plant is 60,000t/d, that of Yixu Water Plant is 21,000t/d, ad that of
Nanqu Water Plant is 30,000-40,000t/d. The city has got some small water
plants in various industrial zone, or enterprises. It is estimated that the annual
water supply can amount to 48,000,000tons.
3.2.3.6 Cultural relics and historic sites
Surrounded by rivers, Nantai Island has a nice climate. With mountains and
waters on the island, it has unique historic and cultural sceneries. There are
many traditional historic sites and cultural relics reserved in the area.
Jianxin Town, where the project locates, has municipal cultural relics and
historic sites including Jinshan Temple, Xiangshu Ancient Temple, Yupin
Country Villa, Chendong Martyry, General's Temple, Jianxin Miaofeng
Temple, Longjiang Temple etc.
There is no cultural relic under protection around the project site. Fenggang
Ancient Temple (not a cultural relic under protection) is a venue for religious
activities of the villagers.
3.3   Overall Plan of Fuzhou City
3.3.1  Development objectives of Fuzhou City
In ten years of construction and development from 2001 to 2010, Fuzhou City
will be built into a modem international metropolis with complete
infrastructures and perfect comprehensive functions, with the speed of
highways accelerated, the railway electrified, ports automated, and airport
internationalized, coordinatively forming a complete and convenient set of
comprehensive transportation system integrating highway, railway, harbour,
and international airport, as well as a expedite modernized communication
network.
Up till 2010, its national economic strength will be strengthened largely,
approaching or achieving the average level of the medium developed countries
or regions in Asia. It will become a modernized international metropolis as the
commercial center, the communication and traffic center, the scientific and
technological information center, the education and culture center and the
economic and business center of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, with
informationalized management and highly efficient operation radiating the
whole province and the adjacent provinces and cities and connected with the
international market. The economic and social development strategic objective
in the next 20 years of Fuzhou will be realized all-around.
3.3.2  Development scale of Fuzhou City
As per the Overall Planninig of FuizholU Citv, the general arrangement of the
urban area is: with the areas along the river and along the coast as the axis of
development, set up central city and ten satellite towns along Minjiang River,
Wulong River and the coast, which are interconnected with expedite and
convenient traffic, and thus form a "L" spatial structure of modem metropolis
with the central city as the core surrounded by the ten satellite towns.
29



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
For the construction of the central city, the leading direction is "extend to the
east, advance to the south and exploit to the west". The key point is to develop
Nantai Island across the river, especially the new Jinshan District and the
University City. The layout of the central city is a group layout structure
which takes 817 Road as the traditional central axis, and the modem
development axes of Minjiang River as the skeleton, Gutai District as the core
area, surrounded by the 6 closely connected but independently developing
districts of Gushan District, Xindian District, Cangshan District, Jinshan
District, Gaishan District and Jianxin District.
The following table shows the population and land scale of the near-term and
long-term central city and the six subdistricts.
Table 3.3-1 Development Scale of the City in the Near-term and Long-term
Area,      Area   in  Area    in  Population  Population  Population  Population
Po lation    2005       2010       in 2005      in 2010     density  in  density  in
\ _______ I                       1            2005         2010
District \          (Krn )                 (10,000)              (10,000/Km')
name 
Central City  50.01     50.01      76.14        69.48       1.52        1.39
Gushan       25.26      25.26      25.79        29.21       1.02        1.16
District                                  _
Xindian      10         15.12       10.88       17.45       1.09        1.15
District
Jinshan      7          9.95        8.41        11.9        1.20        1.20
District
Jianxin      3.5        6.5        3.36         8.35        0.96        1.28
District
Cangshan     15.95      15.95      24.21        21.59       1.52        1.35
District
Gaishan      7          10.51      7.85         12.02       1.12        1.14
District
Total        118.72     133.39      156.65      170.00      Average     Average
The general layout of the central city in the long-term is to take the central city
as the core circle, concentrically developing the third industry of finance,
business, culture and information, administration, and comprehensive service,
etc.; take the adjacent towns and districts of the central city as the second
circle, mainly developing scientific and technological center with universities,
colleges and secondary schools, tourism, and high-tech industries with low
material consumption and minimum pollution; and take the scope outside the
second circle as the third circle, mainly developing suburban agriculture,
tourism and large industrial districts etc.
3.3.3  Development planning of Nantai Island
(1) Objective of Nantai Island
According to the status quo of Nantai Island, the general planning of Fuzhou
and the requirements for future development, the objective of Nantai Island is
defined as: on the basis of consolidating the original functions of cultural and
30



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
educational district, pay much attention to the cultivation of the four functions
of high-tech industries, top grade domiciles, commercial and business center
and sight-seeing and tourism, and build Nantai Island into a modem ecological
garden city district with unique and distinct style from the central city of Gutai
District.
The orientation of the commercial and business center among the four
functions is to concentrate on the development of various special wholesale
markets and storage markets; for the tourism, the key point is to develop
sight-seeing and traveling.
(2) General structure and scale
On the basis of the urban planning of the central city determined in the general
planning of Fuzhou, and as per the new planned scale, the island is divided
into 5 sub-districts of Jinshan District, Jianxin District, Cangshan District,
Gaishan District and Chengmen District according to the group structure
pattern.
In 2005, the planned population is 413,440, in 2010, the planned population is
538,200, and in 2020, the planned population is 800,000. The functions and
scales of the sub-districts (till 2020) are shown in the following table.
Table 3.3-2 Functions and Scales of the Sub-districts of Nantai Island
Planned       Population       Function
sub-districts  (10,000)
Jinshan       16.66            Top grade residential area, cultural
District                       and educational district
Jianxin       16.76            Cultural and educational district,
District                       residential area
Cangshan      22.17            Central   area,  cultural  and
District                       educational district
Gaishan       14.24            High-tech park
District
Chengmen      10.17            High-tech  park,  tourism  and
District                       recreation district
Total         80
3.3.4  Functional arrangement
(1) City center and the commercial and business district
There are one center and four sub central areas for the central system of the
whole island. The center locates at the position between the Liberty Bridge of
Nanjiangbin Road, and the three bridges on Minjiang River, and the place
beside Nantai Road. The four sub central areas are the four sub-districts of
Jianshan District, Jianxin District, Gaishan District and Chengmen District.
The commercial and business central district is within the scope of Shangshan
Road, 61 South Road and Nantai Road, with an area of 6.7 hectares.
(2) Tourism and recreational district
3 1



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Along the line of the south of Luozhou and Chengmen by the river, in
combination with the tourism project development along the river, and making
use of the abundant natural and cultural sceneries, construct a cultural and
tourism belt along the river.
(3) High-tech industry district
Based on Cangshan Scientific and Technological Zone, Gaishan Investment
Zone and Chengmen Investment Zone, further expand the area, optimize the
structure, and build a high-tech industry district. The planned area for the new
industrial park is 713 hectares, including 113 hectares in Puxiazhou, 53
hectares of Cangshan Scientific and Technological Park, 133 hectares of
Gaishan Investment Zone, 120 hectares of Ciuozhai. 100 hectares of Luxia,
and 127 hectares of Panvu.
(4) Cultural and educational district
Consummate Shoushan Cultural and Educational District, develop
Feifengshan Cultural and Educational District, maintain Huai'an and Luozhou
cultural and educational districts, in this way, intensify the function of Nantai
Island as the cultural, educational, scientific and technological base of Fuzhou
City.
(5) Top grade residential area
The residential areas are mainly in Jinshan District and Jianxin District. In
Jinshan District, there are mainly top grade residences, especially along the
line of Wulong River and Minjiang River are almost garden residential areas
and some villas; in Jianxin District, there are mainly economical residences or
other common residential buildings. As a whole, the construction of the new
districts shall abide by relatively high standards.
(6) Ecological industrial park of Jianshan District
It is located to the north of Jinshan Road, and to the south of Xishan Mountain,
and is divided into the west block, the central block and the east block by
Hongwan Road and Jianxin Street. The total land area is 360.73hectares.
(7) Planning of land use apart from the city construction
The total area of Nantai Island is 142 kM2, some is used for the city
construction. The others shall be used for the development of high quality
agriculture and sight-seeing agriculture (the land for airport is not included).
3.4   Status and Development Planning of Municipal Traffic
The development goal of municipal economy and traffic shall be based on
acceptability of society, sustainability of environment and feasibility of
execution.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.4.1  Status and problems of road traffic in Fuzhou City
In 2001, the total length of roads in urban areas of Fuzhou was 912km,
including main roads with a total area of 10,195,000m2 and an average area of
2
roads owned by each person up to 6.63 m . In 2002, the operating income of
public traffic industry in Fuzhou was RMB304,514,300 Yuan, with the
passenger capacity of 307,676,710 and running distance of 108,960,000km,
increasing respectively 7.87%, 12.19% and 103.31% from the last year. 11.32
public transportation vehicles which is a scalar have been owned by per ten
thousand persons; there are 89 operating lines including 37 lines for minibus.
The line network covers 1,348km and the length of lines for minibus is
544.1km. The length of the line network is 367km, 109.8km of which is for
minibus. There are 4,120 bus stops with an occupied area of 221,700m2.
With the acceleration of urbanization progress, the frequency of people's
going out is continuously rising and the total amount is also continually
increasing. Meanwhile the quantity of motor vehicles in Fuzhou has rapidly
increased after China's entry into WTO. Especially since 2002 application for
license plate has been decontrolled, the quantity of motor vehicles in urban
areas has rapidly increased. As per statistics, from October of 2001 to October
of 2002, almost 20,000 motor vehicles in urban areas of Fuzhou have been
increased in less than one year. On the other hand, the municipal road
construction of urban areas has been carried out steadily, however in recent
years the growth rate of distance of newly-built roads is not up to 5%, much
less than the growth rate of quantity of motor vehicles. Therefore, the conflict
between traffic demand and supply becomes increasingly acute, which makes
the city roads problems worse. The road traffic environment of urban areas has
gradually become worse and there are traffic jams on some main intersections
and main roads. The city traffic has affected the normal operation of city and
restricted the rapid development of economy, so it needs to be settled. In
general, the main problems about city traffic status in Fuzhou are as following:
1) The structure and layout of road network are not proper, strong in the north
and weak in the south specifically; the structure of road network in new
urban areas is comparatively complete while the road network in old urban
areas needs to be mitigated;
'Ilt5gijj t%l##&8;t@StgJ0g§j ~33



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
2) Gradation of road network is inconsistent, in details: no high-speed road
network, better main network, big break on sub-roads, broken ends and
narrowness of branch roads awaiting to be reconstructed and completed;
3) The construction of public parking lots lags behind and the roadside
parking lacks of normalized management;
4) Excessive, over-narrowness  and  abnormity  of intersections  and
interweaving,  mixing  and   randomness   of   motor   vehicles,
non-motor-driven vehicles and pedestrians lack of mitigation and cause
traffic jams to road traffic of Fuzhou.
All these above problems are acute, not only needed to be mitigated rapidly
for the moment starting from management, but also needed to be settled
basically based upon status and setting about long term.
3.4.2  The goal of traffic development
Establish perfect structural system of city traffic and match city roads at all
levels and form a comprehensive rapid and convenient traffic system which
can meet the long-term requirements of city traffic and harmonize with social
economy and human and ecological environment, with reasonable layout,
definite functions, higher construction level and modem management level,
multiple levels, multiple modes and in accordance with the agreement.
The layout of road network in Fuzhou makes establishment of main roads
network as frame, with modem road network which is reasonable and can
meet the traffic demands.
As per Comprehensive Urban Traffic Planning in Fuzhou made in 1995, the
city road network in Fuzhou is in the form of square grid plus circle radial
including 8 roads radiating outwards, 3 ring roads and many main roads
extending from east to west and from south to north. The city high-speed road
network is composed of the 2nd and 3rd Ring Road, special road for airports,
expressways (connecting line), Guohuo Road and Pushang Road on Nantai
Island etc.
The Inner Ring Road surrounds the core zone of city, from Ximen in the north,
Baima Road over Minjiang River to the south, connecting with Shangshan
Road and Shancha Street and South Liuyi Road to the east, Liuyi Road over
Minjiang River connecting with Hudong Road at Dongmen, connecting with
F_)1111 MP-, iA N_P~4-*Tuf 1L19T&4 *twimv. __iAg V Im                34



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Hubing Road to the west, and then back to Ximen. Since the inner ring road is
located in the old urban areas, crossing downtown areas with most sections
reconstructed from old roads and extension of roads is involved in Three
Archways and Seven Lanes (cultural relics and showplaces)with difficult
harmony, so it is planned as Class I Urban Main Road of the city.
The 2nd Ring Road surrounds the outer ring of Inner Ring Road, from the West
of the North Ring Road in the north, passing Tongpan and Xiangshan through
Yangqiao Road and Gongye Road, along Changting Road over Minjiang
River (Youxizhou Bridge over Minjiang River) to Jianxin, northern Gaogai
Mountain connecting with South Liuyi Road (Nantai Road) in planning to the
east, further reaching Baihuting to the east, turn to the north along South
Lianjiang Road, passing Aofeng Bridge connecting with Jiangzhong and Beilu
through Wuliting, No.2 Chemincal Co., Ltd, Jinjishan Tunnel, intersecting
North Liuyi Road and North Wusi Road to Beihuan Road. The total length of
2nd Ring Road is 28.5km with a Class I Main Road of about 18km established
and is planned to be constructed as per high-speed standard before or after the
year of 2010. By the end of 2002, through multiple demonstrations of
municipal CPC committee and municipal government, comprehensively
considering the factors such as environmental protection, sights, traffic and
cost etc., it is determined that the construction of overhead high-speed road
above the 2nd Ring Road shall be postponed.
The Outer Ring Road (3rd Ring Road) is planned as high-speed road with 6
lanes through some new districts such as Gushan, Xindian, Jinshan, Jianxin,
Gaishan and Chengmen, which is the express channel between blocks of the
new districts, outer ring line and radial roads will resolve the high-speed traffic
and part of through traffic between urban areas and all satellite cities. The total
length of the 3rd Ring Road which will be completed before 2020 is about
49km.
These three ring roads play different roles in organizing city traffic:
The Inner Ring Road mainly bears the traffic flow of CBD.
The 2nd Ring Road mainly links subareas distributed at the outer of core zone
together.
Except for Gaishan and Xindian, the 3rd Ring Road covers the whole central
city. The construction will be helpful to the establishment of road network
r) 1>1 rrilgtpeF#r#itMliUlW;                                          35



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
frame with complete functions and reasonable structure and greatly make full
use of the functions of existent roads to make most roads in urban areas
convenient for the traffic lines extending outward and improve the benefit in
scale of road network.
As per Comprehensive Planning of Nantai Island in Fuzhou made in 2000,
recently Huandao Road along the both sides of Minjiang River and Wulong
River will be gradually constructed on Nantai Island. Take development of
travel resource along rivers as a chance, promote the development of the land
along rivers and accelerate the urbanization process of unestablished zones.
The Status and Development Plan of Traffic in Fuzhou
Since the reform and open policy has been implemented, great achievements
have been made in social economy and city construction of Fuzhou, however,
the city traffic problems become more and more serious. The slow increase of
roads cannot meet the requirement of rapid increase of motor vehicles, so the
conflict between demand and supply becomes more and more acute and the
traffic environment of urban areas gradually worsens.
According to Overall Urban Planning of Fuzhou City, the general layout of
urban areas is as following: taking areas along the rivers and the coast as main
development axis, distribute a center city and 10 satellite cities along Minjiang
River, Wulong River and the sea where convenient traffic with high speed is
available. A spatial pattern of modem city appearing Type "L" with a central
city as center and 10 satellite cities as surroundings has come into being. The
existent road network of urban areas (North Minjiang River) is basically in the
form of square grid while the road network of Cangshan (Nantai Island)
appears the layout of free state and the main lines hasn't still formed a system.
Since the New Century, the construction of urban areas takes "Expanding
Eastward, Progressing Southward and Developing Westward" as the dominant
direction, puts emphasis on development of Nantai Island and University City.
The layout of central city adopts the group layout taking traditional central
axis of Road 817 and modern development axis of Minjiang River as frame
and Gutai District as the core, six districts i.e. Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan,
Jinshan, Gaishan and Jianxin as outer surrounding closely and developing
independently.
3.4.3 Survey of Public Traffic
r- )+1 -rv 41 JA -a lp f4  eq* w 3S ufi & ig 3t w $9 V 511- A tr  M  36



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.4.8.1 Review of development of public traffic in Fuzhou
Fuzhou Public Traffic General Company, with a history of 47 years, was
founded on Jan.l, 1952. With the support of Municipal CPC Committee and
Municipal Government of Fuzhou, in rencent years great development of
public traffic has been achieved in Fuzhou. Till the end of 2002, General
Company owns 1,472 vehicles, 94 lines with a total length of 1,349km and a
network length of 404km, 4,859 staff, 116 ticket check points, 12 junction
centers and 3,148 bus stops including 70 concrete platforms and 132 stainless
steel platforms.
There are 9 sub-companies subordinated to General Company. Company One,
Two and Three are the main force to carry passengers in urban and suburban
areas. Company Four undertakes long distance transportation from Fuzhou to
Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Since Minibus Company was founded in October
of 1993, it has been developed into a Class II Legal Unit with 401 minibuses
and 31 lines. The advantages of small size and flexibility of minibuses have
been made full use and urban areas and Xincun Community have been linked
together, which are popular among residents of Xincun Community. Sanshan
Trade Company, advertisement companies, fittings for motor vehicles
companies and overhauling factories, as per the range of business, carry on
business such as external commodity trade, advertisements on carriages and
platforms, fittings for motor vehicles and overhauling, medium repair and
minor repair.
In order to adapt to the demands of reform and open in Fuzhou, a foreign
capital of 160,000,000 Yuan has been introduced by General Company since
1996. In addition, a capital of more than 20,000,000 Yuan has been raised
through collecting money from staff and accepting donation from industrial
and commercial enterprises of society to purchase more than 400 vehicles with
air conditioners and develop and rebuild 21 old lines, thus the level of buses in
Fuzhou becomes higher.
3.4.8.2 Status and problems of public traffic
The construction of stations is always the weak link of public traffic
development in Fuzhou, which has limited the further development of public
traffic and seriously affected the normal operation of city roads.
r- -i- )ll t8;gi$]4te¢3tg&gtt$ggt X                                  37



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(1) Lag of Station Construction
In the past years the construction of public traffic lags seriously behind and
the infrastructure of public traffic lacks of investment. Since 1995, there is
no appropriation from government so that Jinshan Parking Area, Xiayuan
Parking Lot, Kuai'an Parking Lot and Houban Overhauling Factory
planned to be constructed during the period of "the Eighth Five-Year Plan"
become umcomplete projects. At present, about 50% (700) vehicles have
no parking lot to park and guaranteed repair, only being parked at roadside.
Some fleets temporarily lease yard for parking and maintenance. At the
first and last bus stop of some buses, there are no parking lots, even no
station houses.
In some newly-built residents'communities such as Jinshan Community,
the planning and construction of the first and last stop of buses lag behind
so that the traveling of residents is difficult. In some areas, the layout of
newly-developed lines will have to be extended and diversed for the
impact of land use of the first and last bus stop, which will have an effect
on the service range of public traffic.
For those stations, which is provided by some cooperative units, especially
developers of real estate, will be for free to public traffic department at the
beginning for their own benefits, but the situation is not pleasant later.
(2) Unreasonable Layout of Stations
For historical reasons, buses on part of routes to suburb in Fuzhou are
always parked in the center of city such as Wuyi Square at Nanmen and
Taijiang etc. and the land for parking cannot be ensured, which is
unfavorable for organization of traffic in the center of city, so its location
must be optimized.
In addition, as per the survey of traveling by bus, residents are not satisfied
with discommodious change caused by unreasonable location of bus stops,
especially the routes and stations with a large amount of passenger flow
volume, for example Taijing Square is without land for bus stations.
Airports, railway stations, long distance bus stations, passenger transport
dock etc. seriously lack of corresponding hub stations for buses making the
change of passengers inconvenient.
fl d11tgit4sq&gttgtgt%38



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.4.8.3 Plan of public traffic
(1) Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou
The Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou made by Shanghai
Municipal Traffic Comprehensive Research Institute, Construction
Committee and Planning Bureau of Fuzhou and Fuzhou Public Traffic
General Company raises the development goal for recent and long term of
public traffic in Fuzhou City.
Table 3.4-1 Main Index of Planning Program of Public Traffic
Index                       2000              2005              2010
Population in urban areas (ten  143.69        181               200
thousand)
Length of routes(km)        1244              1463              1548
Number of routes            82                100               106
Number of vehicles          1413              2050              3000
Standard vehicles           1320              1845              2720
Standard  vehicles /per ten  9.1              10.2              13.6
thousand
Track(km)                                                       30
Passenger      capacity(Ten  64               130               261
thousand/per day)
Average annual growth                         15.23%            15.00%
Passenger  person-kilometres  295             481               870
(Ten thousand persons/km/per
day)
Average annual growth                         10.27%            12.6%
Traveling    by    bus(Ten  42                99                200
thousand times/per day)
Average annual growth                         18.71%            15.1%
Specific density of buses   7.43%             15.39%            30%
Covering rate of bus stations  77.6%          81%               81%
on the 2nd Ring Road(300m)
Change coefficient          1.54              1.32              1.30
This Plan also presents planning of facilities in bus stations. 6 parking lots
will be constructed recently (Jianxin Parking Lot, Parking Lot at the South
2nd Ring Road, Parking Lot in Fuxing Development Zone, Parking Lot in
Meifeng Community, Xindian Parking Lot and Parking Lot on Guohuo
Road) and an area of 255,000 m2 will be increased for parking. 1,290
buses can be maintained. Thereinto, Jianxin Parking Lot is also the object
of this feasibility  research  with  planned  land  of 38,000   m2   and
39



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
maintainability of 190 vehicles.
(2) Plan of Parking Lot of Central City in Fuzhou
The Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou in Fuzhou has
presented the basic thought and initial ideas for layout and land scale of
bus station, but has not confirmed the range of land use and execution plan.
Plan of public traffic approved has arranged the route network of buses
and bus stations and planned the land for use, while not considering the
range (control) of land use for bus stations and arrangement of bus stations
in outer new zones and the general scale and systematical planning
(control of land use) of bus stations. So Plan of Parking Lot of Central
City in Fuzhou has made detailed feasible plan of land use to ensure the
land use of municipal public traffic facilities.
Combined with Plan of Public Traffic in Fuzhou City and the scale
required by bus stations in all the districts, considering the overall planning
of Fuzhou City and detailed plan of sub-districts, this Plan predicts the
area of land use for maintenance (parking) required by the sub-districts of
Fuzhou. The planned parking lots include Jianxin Parking Lot, Xiushan
Parking Lot, Parking Lot at South 2nd Ring Road, Parking Lot in Fuxing
Development Zone, Parking Lot in University City, Xiayuan Parking Lot,
Wenshanli Parking Lot and Kuai'an Parking Lot at Mawei, with total area
of 275,000 m2 and a capacity of 1,400 parked and maintained vehicles.
Thereinto, the planned area of land use for Jianxin Parking Lot is 40,000
m2 and the parking and maintaining capacity is 200 vehicles.
3.5    Sensitive Protected Goals Surrounding Proposed Parking Lot
The parking lot is close to Pushang Industrial Zone located at southeast of
junction of Pushang Road and proposed Hongwan Road with an area of
183.6mu (lmu=0.0667 hectares). In the parking lot, there is an office of
Cangshan Jianxin Economic Management Zone, villagers' houses, farmland
and high-voltage wires. In the photo of Figure 3.5-1 taken from the air, the
tower of high-voltage wires can be seen. For detail, see the status of proposed
parking lot.
Sensitive points around bus station:
Jmu ltil;gP#  EPfi&19AW%V                                             40



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(1) South parking lot is close to Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village and there
are 32 houses within 4-13m away from the boundary of bus station. For
detail, see Figure 3.5-2. Noise and waste gas produced in construction
period and operation period will have an impact on these residents.
(2) Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor Temple lies to the west of proposed bus
station. It is said that this temple was founded in hole of Geyu Village
more than one thousand years ago. Till 1914 (the 3rd year of the Republic),
the whole temple was rebuilt and extended. Since the Temple has been
destroyed by wind and rain for a long time, it is rebuilt in recent years.
This Temple located between the proposed Hongwan Road and this
Parking Lot is used for religious activities of villagers. Before construction
of road, the acquired land of this project shall not be dismantled till
construction of Hongwan Road to the west of parking lot. The proposed
parking lot remains still lOm away from this Temple. Therefore, it is not
considered as sensitive points.
(3) There are some houses to the west of parking lot, located at the planned
Hongwan Road and expanded Jinshan Park, not being considered as
sensitive points. Therefore, the sensitive points near parking lot mainly
distribute at the south of parking lot.
+|Lt;t45e2R;&g}t@SiggUlSit,s                                     41



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-7
Figure 3.5-1 Status Figure of Parking Site
Note: the parking site originally belongs to Jianxin Geyu Village and Gaozhai
Village. The west and south parts are used for residence and middle and east
parts are used.for nursery and farmland etc.
I;rltil&tit44:ej;&tMttWtFtWX                                          42



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4      Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality
4.1    Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality
4.1.1  Location of monitoring points
3 monitoring points are set within the range of air assessment of Jinshan
Public Traffic Center Parking Lot, they are respectively: 1# Meiting Village,
2# Panbian Village and 3# Gangtou Village.
For the location of all monitoring points, see Figure 4. 1-1.
4.1.2  Monitoring items
According to the categories of air pollutants emissioned by the Project, the
characteristics of environmental air pollution near the proposed site and
relevant regulations, NO2 and PM1o can be chosen as monitoring items of
quality status of environmental air.
Analyze as per the monitoring data of Meiting Village, Panbian Village and
Gangtou Village in 2001.
4.1.3 Sampling time and analysis methods of monitoring items
For sampling time and analysis methods of monitoring items, see Table 4. 1-1.
Table 4. 1-1 Sampling Time and Analysis Methods of Atmosphere
Item    Analysis      Sampling       Sampling  Sampling      Sampling
methods        frequency     time       flow volume  instrument
(Times/per    (h)        (IJper
day)                     minute)
NO2     Saltzman       4             1         0.3           Sampling
instrument    of
atmosphere
I             18        0.2          Daily     average
concentration
sampling instrument
PM1o    Gravimetric    1             12         100          Continuous
method                                               sampling pump of
atmosphere
C                                                                          431 43



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4.1.4 Assessment standard
Adopt the National Quality Standard of Ambient Air (GB3095-1996) and
Class standard in modified list. See 4.1-2.
Table 4.1-2 Assessment Standard of Environmental Air Quality
Name of pollutant              Limited value of concentration( mg/m3)
Sampling time         Class I             Class II
Nitrogen dioxide     Daily average          0.08                0.12
Hourly average          0.12               0.24
PM,,            Daily average           0.05               0.15
4.1.5  Monitoring results and assessment of environmental air
The monitoring results of environmental air depend on existent monitoring
materials around the Project and the monitoring points are Meiting Village,
Panbian Village and Gangtou Village monitored in 2001 (Report on
Environmental Impact of Jinshan Orange Garden Phase Ifin Fuzhou
December of 2004).
During sampling, the dominant wind direction is NE and the wind frequency
is up to 63% with an average wind speed of 2.5m/s and the maximum wind
speed of 3.0m/s.
For monitoring results, see Table 4.1-3.
Table 4.1-3 Statistics of Monitoring Results of Environmental Air Status
Sampling  Monitored  Hourly average concentration    Daily average concentration
point     item      Range       Class 11 Superstandard  Range  Class 11 Superstandard
rate                         rate
Meiting  NO2        Not        0.24     0            0.009-  0.12    0
Village             monitored-                       0.013
0.006
PM,       /           /       /            0.02 -   0.15    0
0.05
Panbian  NO2        0.004   -  0.24     0
Village             0.006
PM,,                                       0.01 -   0.15    0
0.05
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
F Gangtou  NO2      0.011   -  0.24    0            0.011 -.  0.12  0
Village            0.029                          0.033
PM lo                                     0.06 -  0.15   0
0.07
From Table 4.1-3, it can be seen that NO2 and PM1o monitored in Meiting
Village, Panbian Village and Gangtou Village don't exceed the standard and
can meet the requirements of functional zone, which shows that the
environmental quality of this area is good.
4.2   Monitoring and Assessment of Noise Status
4.2.1  Monitoring method
As per the method stipulated in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban
Area (GB/T14623-93), when there is no rain and wind speed lower than
5.5m/s, noise can be monitored.
4.2.2  Setting monitoring points
According to relevant regulations of Technical Guidelines for Environmental
Impact Assessment (sound environment) (HJ/T2.4-1995), 5 noise sampling
locations shall be set within the assessment range of sound environment of
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot in Fuzhou, and they are respectively: 1#
Gaozhai Village, 2# Geyu Village, 3# West of Parking Lot, 4# North of
Parking Lot and 5# Middle of Parking Lot.
For detailed locations, see Figure 4.2-1.
4.2.3  Monitoring time
From Nov. 10 to Nov. 1 1, 2004, each sampling locations shall be monitored for
two days, for both daytime and nighttime noise monitoring on each day.
4.2.4  Assessment standard of sound environment status
As per relevant regulations of Environmental Planning of Urban Areas in
Fuzhou city, the functional zones within the range of sound environment
VJ',l' lffiaXtpte24E&g}tYit8;at§@45



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
assessment are mainly classified as Category II and Category IV and sound
environment quality shall be in accordance with the standard of Category II
and Category IV stipulated in GB3096-93. Thereinto, the west and north of
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, are roads, western and northern areas belong
to Category II zone, while estern and southern areas belong to Category IV
zone.
For assessment standard, see 4.2-1.
Table 4.2-1 Standard of environmental noise of urban area
Unit dB(A)
Category        Daytime         Nighttime
2              60               50
4              70               55
4.2.5 Monitoring results and assessment of sound environment status
Table 4.2-2 Monitoring Results of Noise Status
dB(A)
Monitoring      Daytime                        Nighttime
points          Average  value Standard value  Average  value Standard value
monitored                      monitored
Gaozhai Village  50            60              48             50
Geyu Village    51             60              48             50
Western Parking  54            70              49             55
Lot
Northern Parking  56           70              50             55
Lot
Middle Parking  50             60              47             50
Lot
From survey of status, it can be known that the sound environment quality of
this Project is now good. Northern border of station is close to Pushang Road,
however, because there is little traffic flow on the road and the area where this
Project is located is basically undeveloped, therefore, the sound environment
of this area is comparatively good and quiet.
4.3    Status Assessment of Water Environment Quality
Im                          ~~~~~~~~~~~46



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
The waste water of this Project will be discharged into the municipal sewage
pipelines after being pretreated up to the requirements of entering into the
pipelines and will be treated in Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant and
finally be discharged into Beigang. Therefore, this assessment will not be
surveryed on the spot.
The tailwater from Waste Water Treatment Plant flows into Beigang, so the
national controlledmonitoring sections of Beigang, that is, the monitoring
materials of Kuiqi Section and Aofeng Section can be utilized. The following
items for water quality assessment can be chosen: PH value, BOD5, CODM,, DO,
SS, Petroleum, NH3-N and lead.
4.3.1 Assessment methods
Parameter assessment of single water quality recommended in Technical
Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.3-93) can be used to
do the assessment. Standard index method is recommended for parameter
assessment of single water quality in HJ/T2.3-93. The standard index of single
water quality parameter i at point j is as following:
S, ,=c,, ,/cc,
What: Cij: concentration of pollutants at the point of (ij) mg/L;
Csi: the standard of surface water quality parameter i, mg/L;
The standard index of pH is as following:
7.0-pH. pH         7.0
7.0 - PHs,d 
SPHi    pH1 - 7.0 pHj > 7.0
pHs. -7.0'
The standard index of DO is as following:
IDOf -DOj 
DOJ   DO -        DOsS
DO
SDOj = 10-9 DO DOj <DO
DOf =468 /(31.6 + T)
P' JltIlig;t4XeXFt)ffi&   4Ittg1lXl>ti                                   47



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4.3.2  Assessment of water environment status
Since the waste water from Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is discharged into
the municipal waste water pipeline network under Pushang Road and finally
into Beigang along the road, the water environment status of Beigang Channel
shall be monitored and assessed.
The regular monitoring data of Kuiqi Section and Aofeng Section in 2002 can
be used for analysis of water environment status. For monitoring results and
analysis, see Table 4.3-1.
Table 4.3-1 The Water Quality and Monitoring Statistic Results of Relevant
Sections of Minjiang River in Fuzhou in 2002
Section  Item      pH    CODMn BOD5     DO     SS    Petroleum  NH3-N  Lead
Kuiqi   Average    6.92  2.58    1.34   7.08   41    0.04      0.475   0.0016
value
(mgIL)
Assessment 6-9    6      4      5      --    0.05       1.0    0.05
standard
Category
Ill (mg/L)
Index   of 0.08   0.43   0.34   0.36         0.8        0.48   0.032
pollution
Aofeng  Average    6.97  2.53     1.43  7.74         --        0.340   0.0014
zhou    value
(mg/L)
Assessment 6-9    4       3     6            0.05       0.5    0.01
standard
Category If
(mg/L)
Index   of 0.03   0.63   0.48   0.23                    0.68   0.14
pollution
From Table 4.3-5, it can be known that, supposed Kuiqi Section belongs to
Category III, the pollution index is 0.32-0.8 and the water quality still accord
with the standard of Category III; supposed Aofengzhou belongs to Category
II, the pollution index is 0. 14-0.68 and the water quality still accord with the
standard of Category II, which shows that the water quality status at the
section of Beigang Aofengzhou-Kuiqi of Minjiang River is good.
i il rtig, 4 f9 `   f&     gt'S      MM                                    48



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
5      Assessment of Environmental Impact during Construction
Period
5.1    Noise Impact Analysis during Construction Period
(1) Noise source intensity of construction equipments
Table 5.1-1 Noise source intensit of construction equipments
S/N              Type of machine        Distance between monitoring  Lmax
points and construction
equipments (m)
Wheel loader                     5                90
2                  Grader                         5                90
3             Vibrating road roller               5                86
4        Road roller with two wheels and          5                81
double vibra
5            Three-wheel road roller              5                8 1
6             Pneumatic tyre roller               5                76
7                Earth mover                      5                86
8         Wheeled hydraulic excavator             5                84
9                  Spreader                       5                87
10                Generator                       5                 98
1I                  Truck                         5                92
12              Concrete mixer                    5                 91
13              Concrete pump                     5                 85
14               Mobile crane                     5                 96
15           Hammer and rock drill                5                 98
16                 Vibrator                       5                 84
17             Pneumatic wrench                   5                 95
(2) Forecasting mode
The noise produced by construction machines can be approximately treated as
point source which weakens along with the distance of point source and the
mode is as following:
Lp   Lp& -20 log(fr)
What: Lp-Forecasting value of construction noise at r m away from sound
source dB (A);
Lpo Referenced sound level value at ro m away from sound source
dB (A).
Through calculation, the noise value of different types of construction
machines and the forecasting value of noise at different distance can be
obtained, see Table 5.1-2.
Table 5.1-2 The Forecasting Value of Noise Produced by all Construction
r, -4+1 -149, J Afi w lFF f P4.*63f 3 itw i0igZ XAS ARM49



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Machines at Different distance
Name of equipment           Lmax          Forecasting value of noise at different distance
(5m from monitoring                    dB(A)
point)          5m      lOm      20m      40m      50m
Wheel loader              90             90       84       78       72      70
Grader                 90             90       84       78       72      70
Vibrating road roller        86             86       80       74       68      66
Road roller with two         81             81       75       69       63      61
wheels and double
vibra
Three-wheel road            81             81       75       69      63       61
roller
Pneumatic tyre roller        76             76       70       64       58      56
Earth mover               86             86       80      74       68       66
Wheeled hydraulic           84             84       78       72       66      64
excavator
Spreader                87             87       81       75       69      67
Generator                98             98      92       86       80       78
Truck                  92             92       86       80       74      72
Concrete mixer             91             91       85       79      73       71
Concrete pump              85             85       76       70      64       62
Mobile crane              96             96       90       84      76       74
Hammer and rock             98             98       92       86       80      78
drill
Vibrator                84             84       78       72       66      64
Pneumatic wrench            95             95       89       83       77      75
(3) Assessment of Noise Impact during Construction Period
Table 5.1-3 Noise Limited Value of Construction Site
LAeq[dB(A)]
Construction       Main noise source         Limited value of noise
period
Daytime      Nighttime
Earth and   Earth mover, excavator and        75           55
stone      loader etc.
Pile driving  All kinds of pile-drivers        85           No
construction
Structure   Concrete mixer, vibrator and      70           55
electric saw etc.
Decoration  Crane and elevator etc.           65            55
As per the above forecasted results and the survey of sensitive points around
the Project, if the distance between sensitive point and construction site is
4-13m, the impact of noise produced by construction at daytime and nighttime
on sensitive points will exceed the limited values regulated in Noise Standard
Cy11t$FI    i    f T&AA $943-Wi AA                                                50



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
on Construction Site. So the noise produced by construction will have an
impact on nearby residents. Therefore, strict measures must be taken to reduce
the impact of noise on surrounding residents when construction is carried on
nearby sensitive points of sound environment.
5.2   Impact    Analysis    and    Mitigation    Countermeasures      of
Environmental Air Quality during Construction Period
5.2.1  Analysis of atmosphere pollution source during construction period
As per analog survey, the sources of air pollution during construction period
are mainly as following:
1) Dust produced in the progress of excavation, removal and loading and
unloading of sandstone and secondary dust produced by transportation during
construction period.
2) A certain quantity of waste gas emissioned by machines and transport
vehicles which bum oil nearby construction site.
3) Materials with toxic odor and volatility used in construction such as asphalt
etc.
Thereinto, what  has most impact on surrounding environment is dust
produced in construction.
5.2.2 Impact analysis of atmosphere environment during construction period
Dust produced by vehicles transporting materials will have great and
long-term impact on environmental air, which will become worse if the roads
in construction site are destroyed or expose. Generally the quantity of dust has
proportional relation with speed and weight of motor vehicles and dust
quantity on road surface. As per relevant research, when motor vehicles
transport earth, the concentration of dust on both sides of roads for a short
time can be up to 8-1Omg/m3, exceeding the standard of Class III Air Quality.
But the concentration of dust will rapidly reduce with the increasing of
distance. The concentration of dust at 200m under lower wind direction almost
approaches that of dust in the upper wind direction at corresponding point. As
per analysis and comparision of similar projects, secondary dust produced by
-)1-rJ - ip ilfIL rlg+? PfT49 A iN $9V 91 A 9                         5 1



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
transportation will cause pollution to the residents, especially the residents
living in the houses at the first row, near construction site.
Dust can also be produced by demolition and removal of buildings,
construction of roads, mixture of building materials and excavation and
drilling of dry ground etc. During construction period, it shall not be ignored
that dust also produces when there is strong wind or earth is backfilled,
because the plants are destroyed and the ground surface exposed and water
vapored, dry and loose particles are formed on ground surface so that the
ground surface is loose.
Construction machines and transportation vehicles which bum oil will
emission waste gas of certain quantity near the construction site. Construction
sites are generally located at the sections with busy traffic, however, the waste
gas from construction equipments and vehicles only accounts for little of total
amount, so it will not have great impact on surrounding environment air if
only the maintenance of equipments is strengthened and emission of black
smoke is reduced.
Dust produced by construction suspends in the air, if it is inhaled by
constructors and surrounding residents, all kinds of diseases on respiratory
tract will be caused. Moreover, a large quantity of disease-leading bacteria in
dust will infect other diseases and seriously affect health of constructors and
surrounding residents.
5.3   Impact     Assessment    of   Ecological   Environment      during
Construction Period
5.4   Impact     Assessment      of   Water      Environment      during
Construction Period
The waste water produced in construction is mainly from: muddy water
produced by excavation, flush water produced by construction machines and
transportation vehicles, sanitary waste produced by constructors, surface
runoff produced by overburden scoured by rain, building mud, rubbish and
waste etc.
A large quantity of sediment and dust is produced by removal of buildings and
J-H -rti fA ig VI fP4 * W Api& tgt a w 49 V 4_4 9 11 'A              52



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
excavation of ground during construction period and most of surface runoff
produced by rain gathers into surrounding water area through rivers. There are
no perfect drainage facilities during construction period, so the discharge of
waste water will affect the receiving waterbody of ground surface at
construction section and add sediment to water. Although there is little water,
the impact time is long, to which shall be paid attention by construction unit.
Fuzhou lies in the subtropical zone where the annually average rainfall can
reach 1,354mm and July, August and September are flood seasons, with many
storms in summer. It is easy for rain to flush the construction site and pollute
surrounding environment, especially the rainwater on ground produced by
flushing construction site will block city rainwater drainage network system.
During construction period, a large amount of constructors and machines enter
into construction site, if it rains, the pollutants on surface source in
construction site will be discharged into nearby water area and will affect
water quality. In addition, the impact on surrounding water environment also
includes the impact on water environment caused by direct discharge of
sanitary waste produced by constructors and water used to wash vehicles into
nearby water area. In a word, there are mainly the following points:
(1) If the sanitary waste produced by constructors isn't treated collectively, it
shall not be discharged into water area. The sanitary waste includes
washing water of constructors, waste water from dining room and washing
water of toilet and rubbish not treated collectively. All the sanitary waste is
directly discharged into nearby rivers. The concentration of sanitary waste
produced by 250 constructors is generally low, with daily discharge
volume of 12.5m3. In main pollutants emissioned, there is 1.88kg/d BOD5,
3.13kg/d CODcr and 1.25kg/d SS which shall be properly treated.
(2) The rubbish produced in construction includes sanitary waste of
constructors, waste of construction materials, waste after repair and other
similar waste, thereinto, the sanitary waste of constructors includes all
kinds of food, rubbish from kitchen, offal, plastic dishware, cup or bag and
other paper, cloth or glass waste commodities. If the rubbish quantity
produced by one person on one day is lkg, then the total quantity of
rubbish each day is 0.25 tons. The rubbish from building materials mainly
includes scraps of wood, iron, paper and lime in construction. Rubbish
T-)+1 M5r1AMPf**h3tE&g           AN53



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
after repair mainly includes waste parts, ropes and scrap iron.
f-AiE -ri9 Ai  4  ff5L)T&f tw$     lf'Ait                                                  54



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou linshan Central Bus Station
6     Environmental Impact Assessment during Operation
Period
6.1   Analysis of Impact on Air Environment
6.1.1  Analysis of the source of pollution
Learned from analysis of the preceding works, the main source of atmospheric
pollution is the tail gas discharged from automobile and oily smoke from the
canteen.
The oily smoke etc. exhaust gas generated by the canteen shall be let out from
the chimney at the top of the building guided via the inner set smoking pipe
after the secondary treatment, less impact to the surrounding environment.
The tail gas from the automobile belongs to the non-point source. The
atmospheric pollutant of the tail gas from the automobile contains principally
NOx, CO. When this parking area is in the peak flow of traffic, refer the
maximum intensity of non-point source to table 6.1- 1.
Table 6.1-1 The maximum discharged source intensity from the source of
atmospheric pollution  Unit: mg/s
Type of source        HC                NOx                CO
intensity
Non-point source       300               190               1850
As regards to the source intensity of the total non-methane hydrocarbon, the
calculation shall be made by adopting the regression equation of total
hydrocarbon consistency (CTHC) and non-methane hydrocarbon one (CNMHC)
discharged from automobile in The Relation Between Total Hydrocarbon and
Non Methane of Automobile Discharge in Urban Road (Deng Shun xi), the
equation is:
CTHC =I. 3963 + 1. 0322CNMHC
The maximum source of the total non-methane hydrocarbon obtained from
above formula is 298.65mg/s.
6.1.2  Mode of atmospheric diffusion
For the elevated point source, the Gaussian formula shall be employed to
calculate the ground consistency of pollutant. When the height of the chimney
is in average wind speed in> 1 .5m/s(hereinafter called availability of wind),
C0ll'ifFfeHfRi;&        4Aiti Wt8;at                                  55



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
the hourly average consistency on ground shall be calculated as per the
following formula:
C = 2 UQ      exp(- ,2 2 )'F
F=2exp 1 2   )
When the height of the chimney is in average wind speed in< 1.5m/s
(hereinafter called breeze, calm wind) , the one-time average consistency on
ground shall be calculated as per Gauss integration formula for stacks, which
is:
C   ,       2        exp[-XUT         exp(Y) exp( HZ ) dt
(2gr312 or.~ Cy . U,)  [2U jr     2(_2a~         2, 
In  the  above  fornulas:  C     -   -     Ground  hourly  average
consistency(mg/Nm 3 ):
Q        Source intensity(mg/s)
U     -  The average wind speed at the height of the chimney(m/s)
, cr , Cr -      The perpendicular diffusion parameter(m *m)
for longitudinal, transverse wind,;
H     -  Effective source height(m)
y        Distance of transverse wind(m)
The equivalent point source method shall be adopted for non-point source, this
non-point source shall be made equivalent to the imaginary point source of
windward, i.e. One initial diffusion dimension (ay, and ao, ) is added in
the formula of point source, then the distribution of consistency for the
pollutant shall be calculated with Gaussian Mode. However, the parameter
value of atmospheric diffusion for the point calculation shall be defined in
accordance with the position of the imaginary point.
or, =  (X+X,),     = cru(X+XX). X, and    X, can be determined by
cr, and a, . Then aor and or, shall be determined by L/4.3 and H/2.5
respectively. L is the width of non-point source, 100m will be taken, H is
the average height of the non-point source, 1.5m will be selected.
6.1.3 Parameters of atmospheric diffusion
The parameter of atmospheric diffusion will be the value recommended
)vs14t9ait4ttg&gtg'&V Im                                       56



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
according to the national standards HJ/T2.2-93(Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Impact Assessment-atmospheric environment) , refer to
Table 6.1-2-6.1-3.
Table 6.1-2 The parameter of atmospheric diffusion in availability of wind
Parameter of   Stability         Formula of diffusion          Distance of
diffusion                                                    leeward(m)
a          Instable           0.281846Xo 9 '417u            0-1000
_                            0.396353Xui4                  ) 1000
Neutral            0.229500X0°9 19325             0-1000
0.314238Xu51"56               ) 1000
Stable             0.143940Xu 926149             0-1000
0.189396X 586940              ) 1000
Instable            0. 127190X0964435             0-500
0.057025X'093160               ) 500
Neutral            0.1 14682X°-941'°'             0-500
0.0757182Xt-'0011              ) 500
Stable             0.126152X0535625              0-2000
0.235667Xu 1'641U           2000-10000
0.l36659°X0l5575                10000
Table 6.1-3  The parameter of atmospheric diffusion in breeze
Stability                    S1                       5S
Instable                   0.76T                     0.47T
Neutral                   0.55T                      0.21T
Stable                    0.47T                     0.12T
6.1.4 Wind speed and wind direction on ground surface
(1) Wind speed
The average annual wind speed in this region is 2.4m/s, influenced by
typhoon in summer, Maximum instantaneous wind speed can be 40m/s.
the frequency of calm wind is relatively high, up to 23.3 %.
(2) Wind direction
The seasonal wind climate in this region is notable, the annual dominant
wind direction is south-southeast one, due to the influence of southerly
wind in summer, and the frequency of this wind direction appears more
remarkable. The frequency of wind is relatively dispersed, despite that the
highest frequency of wind direction is southerly wind, the frequency of
north wind and northerly wind is not low. This region is closer to the sea,
the daily change of wind direction possesses the apparent characteristics of
land and sea freeze, generally the cycle is based on day and night, the
g~~~~     *ff1 71iFgt4   t&49 1 w$'V 9 J A                              57



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
morning is northwest wind, change after lunch to southeast wind, it is
more obvious in summer.
6.1.5  Predicted results and  assessment
Because the source of the atmospheric pollution for this construction project is
only discharged in discontinuity, the estimation is only made for the hourly
average consistency distribution of leeward axial ground, and the impact
extent and scope to surrounding atmospheric quality when the maximum
discharge of tail gas from automobile in the park area.
Known from the table 6.1-4 and 6.1-5, the impact to the scope of lOOm around
in case the maximum discharge of tail gas is made from automobile. Got in
accordance with table 6.1-4, the impact scope to lOOm around of NO2 in tail
gas of automobile is 0.005-0.0713mg/m3, is 0.2%'29.7%      of assessment
standard; obtained from table 6.1-5, the impact scope to lOOm around of CO in
tail gas of automobile is 0.0082- 1.1020mg/m3, is 0.082%-      11.02%  of
assessment standard.
Learned from table 6.1-6, in case of the peak house for this project, in the
impact of NMHC discharged, the maximum impact value to surrounding lOm
is 0.1779mg/m3.
Consequently, the impact to surrounding lOOm and beyond is quite small by
NO2 and CO in the tail gas of automobile produced in the construction of this
project.
Table 6.1-4 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial
ground for NO2 discharged in parking area  unit: mg/m3
Inside
Stability  U(m/s)    i 0(m) 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 100(m)
area
2.4  0.0391 0.0133 0.0124 0.0116 0.0108 0.0102 0.0095 0.0090 0.0085 0.0080 0.0076
Instable   1.5   0.0625 0.0213 0.0198 0.0185 0.0173 0.0163 0.0153 0.0144 0.0135 0.0129 0.0121
0.5  0.0048 0.0011 0.0010 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0006 0.0005
2.4  0.0810 0.0311 0.0292 0.0274 0.0258 0.0244 0.0230 0.0218 0.0207 0.0197 0.0187
Neutral    1.5   0.1296 0.0499 0.0468 0.0439 0.0413 0.0390 0.0368 0.0349 0.0331 0.0315 0.0299
0.5  0.0265 0.0060 0.0055 0.0050 0.0046 0.0043 0.0039 0.0036 0.0034 0.0031 0.0030
Relative stable  2.4  0.1510 0.0689 0.0652 0.0619 0.0587 0.0559 0.0533 0.0509 0.0486 0.0465 0.0445
L_________    1.5   0.2416 0.1102 0.1043 0.0990 0.0940 0.0895 0.0853 0.0814 0.0778 0.0744 0.0713
1l-1r;A%P4lfff3&4}iWM8f 14ait9i                                             58



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
0.5 10.04611 0.01051 0.00961 0.00881 0.00801 0.00741 0.00691 0.00641 0.00591 0.0055 0.00551
Table 6.1-5 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial
ground for CO discharged in parking area    unit: mg/r3
Inside
Stability  U(m/s)        0 0(m) 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 1 00(m)
area
2.4   0.6031 0.2059 0.1917 0.1789 0.1674 0.1570 0.1476 0.1390 0.1311 0.1240 0.1174
Instable    1.5  0.9649 0.3295 0.3067 0.2862 0.2678 0.2512 0.2361 0.2223 0.2098 0.1984 0.1879
0.5   0.0743 0.0169 0.0153 0.0140 0.0129 0.0118 0.0110 0.0102 0.0095 0.0088 0.0082
2.4   1.2523 0.4818 0.4515 0.4240 0.3992 0.3766 0.3558 0.3369 0.3195 0.3034 0.2887
Neutral     1.5  2.0036 0.7709 0.7224 0.6785 0.6387 0.6025 0.5694 0.5390 0.5112 0.4855 0.4618
0.5   0.4098 0.0930 0.0848 0.0775 0.0712 0.0657 0.0607 0.0563 0.0524 0.0488 0.0456
2.4   2.3341 1.0647 1.0080 0.9560 0.9083 0.8644 0.8238 0.7863 0.7514 0.7190 0.6888
Relative stable  1.5  3.7345 1.7035 1.6127 1.5296 1.4533 1.3830 1.3181 1.2580 1.2022 1.1504 1.1020
_ 0.5   0.7127 0.1622 0.1478 0.1353 0.1242 0.1145 0.1059 0.0982 0.0913 0.0851 0.0795
Notes: 60% of NOx shall be taken for NO2.
Table 6.1-6 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial
ground for NMHC discharg ed in parking area    unit: mg/m3
Inside
Stability  U(m/s)        l0(m) 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 100(m)
area                                                        ___
2.4   0.0974 0.0332 0.0309 0.0289 0.0270 0.0253 0.0238 0.0224 0.0212 0.0200 0.0190
Instable    1.5  0.1558 0.0532 0.0495 0.0462 0.0432 0.0406 0.0381 0.0359 0.0339 0.0320 0.0303
0.5   0.0120 0.0027 0.0025 0.0023 0.0021 0.0019 0.0018 0.0016 0.0015, 0.0014 0.0013
2.4   0.2022 0.0778 0.0729 0.0685 0.0644 0.0608 0.0574 0.0544 0.0516 0.0490 0.0466
Neutral     1.5  0.3234 0.1244 0.1166 0.1095 0.1031 0.0973 0.0919 0.0870 0.0825 0.0784 0.0746
0.5   0.0661 0.0150 0.0137 0.0125 0.0115 0.0106 0.0098 0.0091 0.0085 0.0079 0.0074
2.4   0.3768 0.1719 0.1627 0.1543 0.1466 0.1395 0.1330 0.1269 0.1213 0.1161 0.1112
Relative stable  1.5  0.6029 0.2750 0.2603 0.2469 0.2346 0.2233 0.2128 0.2031 0.19411 0.1857 0.1779
1 0.5   0.1151 0.0262 0.0239 0.0218 0.0201 0.0185 0.0171 0.0159 0.0  .0137 0.0128
6.2    Environmental Impact Assessment of Water
The separate system for rainwater and wastewater shall be adopted for the
drainage system of Jinshan Maintenance Yard. The waste water generated by
main production workshops such as vehicle washing workshop, maintenance
workshop and the canteen will enter into the respective oil separation tank, and
will be discharged into the public pipe network of waste water outside the
parking area after being treated through the gas floating system, the sewage
quantity is approximately 357.7m3/d, and finally enter into Beigang after
nil ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~59



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
reaching the standard through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment
Plant.
The rainwater in initial stage is 88.4m3/d, having satisfied the requirement of
the third class standard by separating oil and desilting, this part of rainwater
can be directly drained into the Waste Water Treatment Plant for treatment
public via pipe network.
So, if the maximum sewage quantity is taken into account, the maximum
discharge quantity of wastewater shall be 446.1 m3/d. the waste water shall be
discharged into Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant after reaching the third
class standard in the "Comprehensive Effluent Standard of Waste Water"
through the pre-treatment, and finally into Beigang after reaching the first
class standard in the "Comprehensive Effluent Standard of Waste Water"
through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant.
This project generates less waste water, and discharged into Beigang after
reaching the standard through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment
Plant, consequently, the waste water of this project will have less impact to
water environment.
6.3   Environmental Impact Assessment of Noise during Operation
Period [P11]
I l[F11t     ffitt#t2g& 4jl'gtgt2                                        60



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
7     Impact Analysis of Electromagnetic Environment
The impact analysis of electromagnetic environment was performed in
accordance with the experts' requirements. This chapter was prepared by
Fujian Provincial Radiation Supervision Station.
Since the 220kV Jianxin Substation is close to the project site and a line
corridor consisting of one 220kv overhead transmission line and one 110kV
overhead transmission line cross the site, this assessment subject is added in
accordance with the experts' review comments on the Outline of
Environmental Impact Assessment on the World Bank Financed Parking Area
Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station. The 220kV and 110kV
transmission lines, which share one tower, are of two-loop overhead lines. The
route of the 11 OkV transmission line is to be changed.
7.1   Contents and Methods of Special Assessment and Impacted
Sensitive Targets
7.1.1  Contents of special assessment
(1) The impact of power-frequency electromagnetic field, produced by the
220kV Jianxin Substation and its 220kV & 110kV overhead transmission
lines, on the staff and the public in the parking area of the bus station, the
interference of the power-frequency magnetic field to the CRT display in
the dispatching center;
(2) The interference of the 220kV Jianxin Substation and its 220kV & 110kV
overhead transmission lines to the communication equipment in the
dispatching center of the parking area.
Item (1) above mentioned is mainly assessed in accordance with the measured
value of power-frequency electromagnetic field. Item (2) is analyzed based
upon the typical parameters of the communication equipment and common
radio interference of the 220kV substation and 220kV overhead line.
In accordance with the preliminary design drawings of the Project, the spaces
with small persons, short standing time of train and large distance to the
220kV overhead line are not considered, such as the parking area and
maintenance shop for vehicles. The dispatching center, waiting hall and
dormitory building are selected as the impacted sensitive targets.
In addition, the chapter gives a brief analysis to the risks of gas station and
dispatching center of the Project when the 220kV overhead line and 220kV
Jianxin Substation are struck by stroke of lightning.
7.1.2 Assessment standard
FI I+J F~ f-F JA %JP filiailt4*b tf,,3s&4 9 }d %4ltFtg   A lS         61



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(1) Assessment standard for the impact of power-frequency electromagnetic
field, produced by the high-voltage power transmission & transformation
project, on the public is Technical Regulations on Environmental Impact
Assessment of Electromagnetic Radiation Produced by 500kv Ultrahigh
Voltage Transmission and Transfer Power Engineering (HJ/T24-1998);
"1.3The code is applicable for the environmental impact assessment of
electromagnetic radiation produced by 500kV supervoltage power
transmission & transformation engineering. The code may also be used as
the reference to environmental impact assessment of electromagnetic
radiation produced by I IOkV, 220kV and 330kV power transmission &
transformation engineering."
"2.2.4.2 ... It is recommended that the value 4kV/m shall be the
assessment standard for power-frequency electric field in residential area
and the power frequency limit 100[tT during all-day radiation to the public
issued by the International Radiation Protection Association be the
standard for magnetic induction intensity."
(2) For there may be many pedestrians in the bus station and the pedestrians in
the parking area may get shocks when walking under the high-voltage line
by taking umbrella in rainy day, the limit to the intensity of
power-frequency electric field (3kV/m) produced by high-voltage corridor
confirmed by Japan for the locations passed by persons with umbrella will
be the assessment standard.
(3) Interference of power-frequency magnetic field, produced by the
high-voltage power transmission & transformation project, to CRT display
will be analyzed in accordance with the Information Technology
Equipment--Immunity   Characteristics--Limits  and  Methods   of
Measurement (GB/T17618-1998). The limit to noise immunity is
lA/m 4.26AT.
7.2   Measuring Results of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field
in the Project Site
7.2.1 Monitoring instrument
Please see Table 7.2-1 for the monitoring instrument.
Table 7.2-1 Specification of Monitoring Instrument
Name          Power-frequency electromagnetic field
analyzer
Model                    EFA-300
manufacturer            Germany W&G Co.
Antenna form                3-D probe
Measuring frequency    Band-pass filter 15Hz-2k Hz
)p+[T1-EkAfx_lpg&g4*?iff4 IMMA31i!N944 T~FJAAN)62



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Instrument setup during      Band-pass filter 50Hz
monitorlng
Measuring height     The center of probe I .5m from the
ground
7.2.2  Monitoring conditions
Monitoring date: forenoon on Nov. 18, 2004; weather: sunny; ambient
temperature: 20°C; relative humidity: 52%; measuring height: 1.5m; operation
condition of substation: close to full-load.
7.2.3  Layout of monitoring points
The 220kV Jianxin Substation is located in the east side of the project site to
be built. Two high-voltage overhead lines (110kV and 220kV) cross the site
from the east to the west. The 110kV overhead line is planned to be moved to
the green belt at the north side of the site. At that time, its distances to the
impacted sensitive targets will be larger than those of the 220kV line and its
voltage class is lower than that of the 220kV overhead line, so the 110kV
overhead line is not taken into account during monitoring and assessment of
the current status. Layout of monitoring points is as follows:
(1) One side of the dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building
close to the 220kV overhead line;
(2) Intensity distribution of power-frequency electromagnetic field on cross
section of 220kV overhead line in relatively open area;
(3) Along the enclosed wall at the west side of the 220kV substation at a
distance of lm to the wall;
(4) Along the direction vertical to the enclosed wall of the substation.
Please see Fig. 7.2-1 for the detailed locations.
Intensity measurement for power-frequency electric field is useless because
the obstacles in the site (buildings, trees, etc.) are still not demolished, so only
the intensity of power-frequency magnetic field was measured at most points
and the intensity of power-frequency electric field was only measured in
relatively open area.
63



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Constriuctioni Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Pushang Highway
JjjThe site to bebuilt|                                                 New location of the lOkV overhead
Maintenance
shoo)
IQ  l   n UGas
Parking area         station             lOOm
4*  9  a   < 4!   _                               d    Repair shop
4*
4* ~~~~~~~~~. ~~~~~~-  l~~~~~~~~~j ~~~I -Storey
t   1    ~                          20* 2# tower
240nmX 32m  1                      10O*  1 1 *                                             Parking area                     220kV
'49m    '5*                ..J-Q-1-               21*          - 
Th47mer 5*                                                               45*             4 0*    Jianxin
_ - _-_-  - - - -      ~    ~        120kV overhead line                                                     30_               Substation
17*     ~         19*22                                                           . 
Parking area
Waiting hall l2|                                                                       3{.
31*
490m
Fig. 7.2-1 Sketch Map for General Layout of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot and
Layout of Monitoring Points.                                                       - --- Formatted: Font color: Auto
J''.llI,lFil 1\16 11 Ii ,i'it .iry, yt4im,nii;jJ &&YS'( A 4



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
7.2.4 Monitoring results
Please see Table 7.2-2 for the monitoring results.
Table 7.2-2 Monitoring Results of Current Status of Power-frequency
Electromagnetic Field in the Project Site to be Built
No. of
monitoring                 Location description               E(kVlm)    B(AT)
point
Near the enclosed wall, 32m to the edge of the west side
1       of the site, to the north of the 220kV overhead line; side   0.556
conductor's project on the ground 8m away from the
enclosed wall
2                  5m to the north of No. I point          0.198     0.520
3                  5m to the north of No. 2 point          0.130     0.422
4        5m to the north of No. 3 point (near the enclosed wall)  0.021  0.346
5        5m to the centerline of the iron tower under the 220kV  0.181  0.672
overhead line, 42m to the edge of the west side of the site
6             5m to the north of No. 5 point (beside trees)  0.042   0.583
7            5m to the north of No. 6 point (in open area)  0.170    0.472
8                  5m to the north of No. 7 point          0.079     0.409
9                  5m to the north of No. 8 point          0.010     0.327
1 0         Under the l# tower footing, lOm out of the side  0.253   0.550
conductor (surrounded by a nursery)
11      5m to the east of No. 10 point (surrounded by a nursery)  0.125  0.530
1 2          40m to the south of 1# tower footing of 220kV           0.167
high-voltage line
13               5m to the east of the previous point                0.166
14               5m to the east of the previous point                0.164
15               5m to the east of the previous point                0.152
16               5m to the east of the previous point                0.140
17                5m to the east of the previous point               0.128
18                5m to the east of the previous point               0.120
19                5m to the east of the previous point               0.110
20         The south side of the dormitory building to be built      0.300
2 1      Under the 2# tower footing, 16m to the sideline, in open  0.103  0.597
area of the nursery
I Om to the west of the enclosed wall of the Jianxin
22           Substation, under the 3# tower footing (nothing         0.531
surrounded)
65



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table 7.2-2 (Continued)
No. of
monitoring               Location description              E(kV/m)    B(pT)
point
23             5m to the north of the previous point    0.246     0.645
24             5m to the north of the previous point    0.250     0.558
25             5m to the north of the previous point    0.203     0.500
26             5m to the north of the previous point    0.140     0.387
27             5m to the north of the previous point    0.082     0.297
28             5m to the north of the previous point    0.051     0.245
29             5m to the north of the previous point    0.027     0.194
30             5m to the north of the previous point    0.013     0.176
Im to the west of the enclosed wall of the Jianxin
31      Substation, start from the southeast corner of the        0.439
project site to be built, at the 220kV outgoing line
32             Sm to the north of the previous point              1.890
33             5m to the north of the previous point              0.777
34             5m to the north of the previous point              0.403
35             5m to the north of the previous point               1.023
36             5m to the north of the previous point               1.277
37             5m to the north of the previous point               1.485
38             5m to the north of the previous point               1.386
39             5m to the north of the previous point               1.123
40             5m to the north of the previous point              0.896
4 1        5m to the west of point 40 along the path in the       0.241
nursery
42       5m to the west of the previous point along the path in   0.195
the nursery
43       5m to the west of the previous point along the path in   0.190
the nursery
44       5m to the west of the previous point along the path in   0.210
the nursery
45x     Sm to the west of the previous point along the path in    0.196
the nursery
Max. value of power-frequency magnetic field Im out of the enclosed wall of
the substation is 1.89AT; max. intensity of power-frequency electric field
under the 220kV overhead line is 0.253kV/m and the max. power-frequency
magnetic induction intensity is 0.672AT. It is concluded by comparison of the
monitoring results of the measuring line lOm out of the enclosed wall of the
substation (measuring points 22-30) and the measuring line Im out of the
enclosed wall (measuring points 3140) (see Fig. 7.2-2) that intensity of the
power-frequency magnetic field out of the enclosed wall of the substation
attenuates fast in the vertical direction, which change is mainly impacted by
the line.
JdlUbltbip4*UpTt&499gn$94.tj'%tAtt#                                   66



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
-2 
.  1 I . 5                                        I \\   , ' ~ - _ s  l Om out of
,_/              -.                       the enclosed
.2 .° 0. 5 .   -,,                                wall ofthe
7     r=       -                             substation
;-     5                                              wal ofthe 
0
0       10      20      30      40      50
Distance from the south end, m
Fig. 7.2-2 Power-frequency Magnetic Induction Intensity Measured Along
the Measuring Lines Parallel to the Enclosed Wall of the Substation With
Distances Im and I Om to the Wallt                    -- Formatted: Font color: Auto
7.3   Impact Analysis of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field
7.3.1  The power-frequency electric field's impact on personnel
The power-frequency electric field basically has no impact on the indoor
targets since it is easily shielded, so the power-frequency electric field
produced by the high-voltage overhead line and substation will have no impact
on the personnel in the dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building.
Standing time of the personnel above mentioned in outdoor area is relatively
short and the measured max. intensity of the power-frequency electric field in
the project site (0.253kV/m) is far lower than the assessment standard for the
power-frequency electric field in residential area (4kV/m), so the
power-frequency electric field produced by the high-voltage overhead line and
substation will basically have no impact on the personnel above mentioned.
The measured max. intensity of power-frequency electric field in the project
site is 0.253kV/m, which is far lower than the assessment standard for
power-frequency electric field (3kV/m) that may "cause persons to get shocks
when walking under high-voltage overhead line with umbrella in rainy day".
Therefore, the pedestrian will not get shock when walking under the 220kV
overhead line by taking umbrella in rainy day within the scope of the project
site, including the staff (drivers) and the passengers.
7.3.2  The power-frequency magnetic field's impact on personnel
It is hard to shield the power-frequency magnetic field and its indoor intensity
is nearly the same as the outdoor intensity, so some persons will be exposed in
lJITI-IjAfRptS@wrg&g3j!      tFtWX                                     67



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
the power-frequency magnetic field.
As shown in Fig. 7.2-2, intensity of the power-frequency magnetic field
produced by the substation attenuates quickly along with increase of the
distance to the enclosed wall. The power-frequency magnetic field in the
project site is mainly produced by the 220kV overhead line.
Max. power-frequency magnetic induction intensity is 0.6724T under the
220kV overhead line and 0.327.T at the impacted sensitive targets. Both
values are far lower than the assessment standard for the subject (1O00T) and
the strict international standard (IAT)), so it will not impact health of the
personnel in the impacted sensitive targets, including the dispatching center,
waiting hall and dormitory building.
7.3.3  The power-frequency magnetic field's impact on CRT display
Relatively obvious character blithering of the CRT display will happen when
the power-frequency magnetic induction intensity is larger than the limit to
noise immunity (1.26AT) of the CRT display. Then, use of computer will be
impacted.
It is recorded in Table 7.2-2 that the measured max. power-frequency
magnetic induction intensity at the impacted sensitive targets (0.327pT) is far
lower than the limit to noise immunity (1.261tT) of the CRT display, so
obvious character blithering of the CRT display will not happen in the
dispatching center and dormitory building.
7.4   Analysis of impact on radio interference
7.4.1  Categories of communications equipment
Electrommunications equipment of the Dispatching center includes wire
communications, interphone, GPS positioning system, which are mainly wire
communications. Wire communications is based on telephone line, which will
not be interfered. Interphone, GPS positioning system will be interfered based
on signal-noise ratio and modulation mode of signal, etc. Intensity of receiving
signal and intensity of interference field will be estimated on the two kinds of
communications system, as well as the signal-noise ration will be calculated,
which is the basis of assessment of the range of interference as the following.
7.4.2  Intensity of receiving signal of interfered communications equipment
7.4.2.1 GPS positioning system
Precision of positioning of GPS system of the project, which could be 15m,
will meet the requirements. It doesn't need difference positioning (DGPS) and
its received signal of radio position finding is civil GPS signal, which is sent
out by GPS satellite with the frequency of 1575MHz.
1de1'1tggt4Sttg&gtttgt§2                            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~68



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Power launched by GPS satellite is 20-50W, with direct-to-ground height is
about 20,000km. In case being estimated conservatively, launching power is
as P=20W as well as the distance between GPS satellite and receiving point is
as r =27,000km, antenna gain is as G=3dB (two times), and signal field
intensity of its ground receiving point is
E=(30PG) 12/r= 1.3x 10-6V/m= 1 .31LV/m
Namely E= 2.2dBAV/m. Communications technology of spread spectrum is
adopted in GPS system, which transmission gain of spread spectrum reaches
above 50dB and can work normally under situation of electrical level of GPS
signal is less than that of wireless noise greatly. The effect of this receiving
electrical level is equal to receiving effect of electrical level of non-spread
spectrum signal, which is 52.2dBAV/m.
7.4.2.2 Interphone
Communications radius of professional interphone system of the project is
5-8km, which can be used in the city where there are so many high buildings
and available frequency band above 400MHz. The actual min-receiving field
intensity  is   calculated   as    5 1dBytV/m   (the   data   from
http://www.freetalker.net/zl/show/ 200312002.htm).
7.4.3  Power frequency of interfered communications equipment and intensity of
interference field at the location of the transformer substation and trolly wire.
7.4.3.1 Transformer substation
Monitoring result of Minqing 220kV transformer substation is quoted in this
assessment. Intensity of interference field at the location of 20m beyond the
enclosures of the transformer substation that is provided with the frequency of
30MHz, will not more than 10 dBuV/m, considering factors of the weather, in
case being estimated conservatively, field intensity is increased 10dB, the max
intensity of interference field of 30MHz is 20 dBizV/m.
Each frequency of interference field of the transformer substation is decreased
several-fold as 6dB. For the frequencies of 30MHz, 400MHz and 1575MHz
are decreased 3.7 times and 5.7 times respectively. According to damping rule
of frequency and the max-intensity of interference field of 30MHz, under the
frequency of 400MHz and 1575MHz, intensity of interference field at the
location of 20m beyond the enclosures of the 220kV transformer substation
are -2.4dBLV/m and -14.2dBAV/m respectively.
The distance between the dispatching center and the transformer substation is
400m, which is 20 times of the distance from the location of 20m beyond the
enclosures of the substation. In case the distance of the 220kV distribution unit
center will be taken into consideration, the intensity of interference field is
decreased 20dB calculated based on damping rule (inverse-square law) of
crossing distance of aerial wires. The intensity of the transformer substation at
the dispatching center under the frequencies of 400MHz and 1575MHz are
-22.4 dBAV/m and -34.2dBAV/m respectively.
rJH rIii4gfXP4ttE&gtG'$MtFA11SitM                                      69



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
7.4.3.2 High-voltage trolly wire
Wireless noise produced by high-voltage trolly wires is mainly corona
discharge noise. Frequency spectrum of corona is concentrated less than
30MHz, which could not influence interphone (f 0OMHz) and GPS
positioning system of the project. In infrequent special cases, in case insulator
of iron tower of high-voltage trolly wire has defect, which shall cause spark at
the hole or fracture and air gap would discharge, the frequency spectrum will
be extended more than 10OMHz. Being shown as the above-mentioned
Diagram 5-46 of the teaching materials (basis of reference (OdB) of the
diagram is corona noise less than 0.5MHz), on the interfered frequency that is
cared about, the comparative intensity of interference field of the frequency
X00MHz is -24dB, as well as that of 1575 MHz (a little bit beyond the range
of the frequency in the diagram) would be less than -5OdB.
Because the minimal horizontal distance between the main building of the
dispatching center and the insulator of the 220kV iron tower is 40m, the field
intensity is decreased 6dB than that at the location of 20m according to the
damping inverse-square law. In case wireless noise of the 220kV high-voltage
trolly wires reaches the standard (the intensity of interference field at the
location, where is 20m distance between ground cast shadow of the side
conducting wire at the frequency of 0.5MHz, is 53dBAV/m), and the estimated
value of the intensity of the interference field at the location where the
airspace of the insulator of the iron tower at the frequency of 400MHz is
53dBkuV/m-24dB-6dB=23dBAV/m, and that at the frequency of 1575MH is
53dBAV/m-50dBI-6dB=-3dBAV/m.
7.4.4Signal-noise ratio and assessment on interfered communications equipment
Noise power of receiving frequency range is directly proportional to the
receiving bandwidth. Occupying bandwidth of civil GPS positioning system is
5MHz, which is 556 times of bandwidth of resolution ratio of quasi-peak
detector of 9kHz at the frequency band between 0.1 5-30MHz. The intensity of
interference field in its receiving bandwidth shall be added 27.4dB. The
maximal frequency departure of interphone is ±5kHz and that of the effective
bandwidth of signal is lOkHz, which intensity of interference field shall be
added 0.5dB.
When the dispatching center only just takes the wireless interference of the
220kV transformer substation into consideration, signal-noise ratio of
400MHz     interphone   is   5ldBAV/m-(-22.4dBtV/m+0.5dB)=72.9dB;
signal-ratio of 1575MHz GPS system (considering extending frequency gain)
is 52.2dBjuV/m-(-34.2dB/V/m+27.4dB) =59dB, which is excellent. Therefore,
construction of the 220kV transformer substation will not influence GPS
positioning system and interphone of the dispatching center.
When the dispatching center just takes the wireless interference of the
insulator's airspace of the iron tower of the 220kV trolly wires into
consideration,  signal-ratio  of   the   400MHz     interphone   is
5ldBAV/m-(23dBgV/m+0.5dB) =27.5dB, which is bigger than the standard
signal-ratio of 12dB; signal-ratio of the 1575MHz GPS system is
52.2dBAiV/m-(-3dBuV/m+27.4dB)=27.8dB, where communications is normal.
F-IlmTJNIf*)fR1tg itg&igiig5tgltAgl                                    70



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Therefore, it is defective to lead out the 220kV trolly wires at the insulator of
the iron tower when the new transformer substation is constructed, but when
the airspace is discharging, it will not influence GPS positioning equipment
and interphone.
7.5   Risk Impact Assessment on the Transformer Substation and
High-Voltage Trolly Wire
Gas station is the top category of lightning-protection building of Criterion for
Lightning-protectionDesign of Building (GB 50057-1994), which shall be
taken measures for lightning-protection. Because there are high-voltage trolly
wires, which are easy to be lightning-stroked, nearby the gas station and the
dispatching center, it is easier to produce electric spark by lightning strokeg in
gas station and destroy the electric equipment in the dispatching center. Surge
protector, equipotential connecting and masking grounding shall be installed
in the dispatching center. The distance between intended removal of
high-voltage trolly wire and gas station is only 25m, so the electric spark
produced on trolly wires by lightning shock may threaten the safety of the gas
station. The induction voltage of lightning in gas station will be high, so
whether the plan of trolly wires is practical shall be accepted by the Lightning
Protection Department, unless underground cable shall be adopted. The
lightning-protection drawing and facilities shall be examined and accepted by
the Lightning Protection Department.
On the other hand, fire or explosion under the trolly wires will threaten the
trolly wires. In case accident happens, it will bring about power cut in a large
area. Therefore, trolly wires shall be kept a suitable distance with the gas
station to ensure that they would not influence each other.
In accordance with Regulation on the Protection of Electric Facilities of
No.39 Decree of the State Council of the PRC, the protected area of 220kV
and 110kV overhead electric line are the region in which sideline of
conducting wires are extending horizontally 15m and 10m, and vertical with
the two parallel surfaces. According to the plane layout of the initial design,
gas station, dispatching center and employees' dormitory and the Waiting Hall
accord with the requirements of Regulation on the Protection of Electric
Facilities.
7.6   Conclusion and Countermeasures
7.6.1  Conclusion
The construction of the new 220kV transformer substation and its 220kV
trolly wires will not interfere with the interphone, GPS positioning equipment
and CRT display in the dispatching center. The intensity of power frequency
electromagnetic field of the dispatching center, waiting hall, employees'
dormitory is less than the assessing standard of impact of power frequency
electromagnetic field produced by high-voltage power transformation
engineering on the public. The intensity of power frequency electromagnetic
field is under the strictest standard in the world; therefore it shall not influence
the workers and the public in the parking lots. People who are walking under
71



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
the 220kV trolly wires will not suffer lightning shocking in the rainy day.
The gas station, dispatching center, employees' dormitory and waiting hall of
the layout of the initial design shall accord with the requirements of
Regulation on the Protection of Electric Facilities.
In case the intended I IOkV trolley wire suffers from lightning shocking, it will
threaten the safety of the gas station. Whether the plan of trolly wires is
practical shall be accepted by the Lightning Protection Department, unless
underground cable shall be adopted. The lightning-protection drawing and
facilities shall be examined and accepted by the Lightning Protection
Department.
7.6.2  Countermeasures
The gas station and dispatching center shall take measures that can protect
lightning on the high-voltage trolly wires.
7.6.3  Suggestion
Interphone is suggested to use on the roofing to improve the signal intensity of
the interphone.
The electronic equipments in the dispatching center shall be allocated on one
side of the 220kV trolly wire to decrease the impact of lightning on the
high-voltage trolly wires.
F+1 d14914I*f )!1Z;li4t<#l;&A3t 'Miil                                  72



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
8     Risk analysis and Building Preliminary Plan For
Emergency.
The project includes one gas station. According to the requirements of the
experts, the gas station shall undergo risk analysis and havet a preliminary
plan for emergency.
The service station is flammable and explosive, which is the key department
of fire protection. Precaution shall be put into the most important position in
the security management of the service station, where shall be kept away and
managed strictly, to put the key position on the protection of fire and
explosion. At the same time, the preliminary plan for emergent accidents shall
be formulated by any possibility. The related managers and the staff of the
service station shall be familiar with the preliminary plan for emergent
accidents and execute exercise on the site according to the requirements in
order that they can do their own work and take remedial measures timely when
the accidents are coming to decrease the loss at the minimal level.
8.1   Categories of Accidents and Risk Analysis
Categories and risk analysis of gas entrainment
There are four categories of accidents in the gas station: the first one is
burning, the second one is explosion and leakage, the third one is explosion
after burning and the last one is burning after explosion. No matter what kind
accident happens, it will bring about very serious consequence. Therefore,
prevention shall be strengthened to put an end to the accidents. At ordinary
times, all the staff of the station shall study technology seriously and know
well the complete process of the gas station and understand the hazard of the
accidents to keep no risk at all. Meanwhile, the study and exercise of the
preliminary plan for accidents shall be enforced in order to the accidents can
be solved at any moment.
According to the technology and equipment of the gas station, the possibility,
hazard, prevention and emergency treatment are included as the follows:
(1) Burning. Burning shall meet the following two conditions: the first one is
gas leakage and the second one is burning source. The gas leakage may
happen at many places, such as pipes, valves, gas collectors, compressors,
desiccators, recovery pot and filtering pot etc. Except that the repair and
maintenance shall be enforced, the inspection in the operating process is
more important. In case the leakage is checked up, it shall be solved
carefully in time. Gas leakage shall be prevented well firstly. The second
point is preventing the burning source. Spark may be produced on the
electric equipments (including the wire terminal becomes flexible, the
electrical machine is not sealed rigorously), and produced by collision of
metals, static electricity (static on equipment such as gas-entraining gun,
gas pipe, chemical fiber clothing of workers and normal flashlight etc),
wrong operation, fault of heating equipment and other fire sources. The
Countermeasures is enforcing the maintenance and inspection of
equipment (including ground lead), cross-under stirrup of pipe grounding
73



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
etc. In addition, knocking and collision shall be escaped in the repair.
When necessary, the gas supply shall be cut off in order to protect well.
The works can't wear chemical fiber clothing on duty
(2) Explosion or leakage. The explosion in the gas station is mainly happened
on the pipes and equipments when the pressure exceeds the intensity that
the pipes and equipments could endure. The reasons are composed by two
aspects ordinarily. The first one is the system pressure exceeds the
regulated pressure; at last it exceeds the utmost limit of intensity of the
equipment and its fittings, and then bring about the explosion or local burst.
The second one is that during the operating process of the equipments,
pipes and fittings, the intensity and enduring ability are decreased because
the factors of corrosion and fatigue etc, and then the explosion will be
brought about and the leakage will also be brought about because of
loosing of conduit joint. The first step of prevention against this kind of
accident is preventing overpressure and enforcing the maintenance.
Overpressure operation is prohibited, therefore, in the maintenance of the
equipment, compulsory-inspecting instruments such as safety valve and
manometer shall be submitted for censorship regularly in order to prevent
against overpressure brought about the out-of-run of the equipment. In
terms of prevention against corrosion and fatigue of equipments, it is
required to solve through maintenance. In terms of gas bottle, it shall be
prevented against hydrogen brittleness produced by corrosion of hepatic
gas; then it shall be submitted for censorship.
(3) Explosion after burning; In case the burning of the gas can't be
exterminated rapidly, the containers in the gas station will be heated, and
the air pressure will be decreased rapidly; in case the exhausting is not
easy and smooth, the explosion will be happened. This case is not easy to
happen because the gas bottles were experienced the similar experiments.
But in case the fire is so campaigned and the heating is decreased rapidly,
the rapid increasing of pressure will bring about the explosion. The other
situation is fulmination. Because the burning is heating the gas in the
container, and the gas in the container is leaking through the safety valve;
when it mixes with the air on the mixing ratio of 5%A15%, the explosion
will be happened in case it meets the fire source. Therefore, the gas bottle
storeroom shall not be closed and the draught of the storeroom shall not
depend only on fans; the storeroom shall be open wide or half-open wide,
at least scuttle shall be set up; and shall be isolated with machine room and
station through fire partition to decrease the accidents.
(4) Burning after explosion. In case the equipment and pipes explode, the gas
will be leaked. In case there are not fire sources outside and no violent
collision, the burning will not happen; in case the air supply passes the
explosion point, a large amount of the gas will be leaked continuously to
form fuel and air mixture; at this time, it is very dangerous that the burning
after explosion will happen.
8.1.1 Risk analysis of fueling
The risk features of oil storage tank area are reflected as oil spilling, oil leak,
-       Nj)+1 *63i1[PW&MAW   'g9499M                                     74



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
bleeding, oil leakage, fire and explosion. The following table lists the main
risk feature and the analysis of reasons.
Table 8.1-lRisk Analysis of Oil Storage Tank Area
Risk category              Hazard
Oil leakage (spilling, leaking  Pollute the  ground  Breakage  of  oil tank,  pump,
and bleeding)              water               compression and pipes
Pollute the  surface  Corrosion of buried tanks and pipes
water               Flooding point and bumping of oil
Bring about fire and  tanks
explosion           Capacity of fire-dike is not enough
Leakage
Wrong operation
Fire and explosion         Property loss       Oil leakage
Casualty of the staff  Mechanical, high temperature, electric
Polluting      the  and chemical sources of fire
environment
8.2    Key points of emergency treatment
Being dead against the above-mentioned features, in case the gas station
suffers no matter what kind of accident, it shall take remedy measures rapidly
to control the exacerbation of the accident. For this, the key points of
emergency treatment are:
(1) Fire accident: the gas supply shall be cut off rapidly, namely cut off the
main valve of inlet gas and air valve as well as cut off the power supply.
(2) Explosion accident. The power supply shall be cut off rapidly, namely cut
off the source of fire as well as cut off all gas valves and gas supply.
(3) Isolate the side rapidly. Irrelevant persons are not allowed to enter in.
Prevent smoke and fire strictly as well as prevent against accidents.
(4) Flames shall be put out immediately and call the police rapidly.
8.3    Division of work for emergency treatment
In case accidents happen, all the staff shall dive into the salvage. The main
remedy measures shall be divided. The staff shall be trained usually before the
accidents happen. According to the technology and managing situation of the
gas station, the division of work as follows:
(1) The stationmaster or administrator shall take charge of the treatment of the
accidents. They will be in charge of divide the work, organize and conduct
cutting off the gas, power, fire extinction and alarming, and then they will
isolate and protect the site after the accidents are controlled.
(2) The jockey and maintenance worker in the machine room are in charge of
cutting off the gas supply and in accordance with the flow of the pipes,
they shall be in charge of cut off the main inlet valve, gas pool and air
nil8 +l75



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
valve.
(3) The electricians are in charge of cutting off the power supply. In terms or
explosion or leakage accident, they shall solve it rapidly and decidedly. In
terms of burning accident, they shall take the circumstances into
consideration to solve it.
(4) When burning accident happens, the gas-entrained worker and the entrance
guard shall put out the fire by extinguisher. In case the flames are very
difficult to put out, the gas-entrained worker shall call the police; when
explosion or leakage accident happens, they shall be in charge of isolating
the site and safekeeping.
(5) Other people shall take part in extinguishments or safekeeping.
8.4   Emergency treatment and emergency plan for the major
accidents
In terms of treatment of abrupt pollution accident, "precaution crucial, safety
first" of the basic guideline for the environmental protection shall be followed.
Especially for those abrupt fire and explosion or other pollutions, precautions
shall be put into the most important position as well as the management shall
be enhanced.
In order to put the guideline of "precaution crucial, safety first" into effect,
control source of hazard, save injured persons, guide the residents to protect
themselves, organize to withdraw and eliminate the hannful consequence, the
preliminary plan for emergency must be built up. It needs the combination of
constructors and social succor. The detailed suggestions as follows:
8.4.1  Emergency treatment for the engineering project
The emergency treatment for the engineering project means that measures
shall be taken to decrease the hazard of equipments, materials and
management in the construction and production produced by the accidents.
(1) Emergency equipment and material
Emergency equipment and material shall include fire fighting and industrial
health etc. Interior fire-fighting department of the project is compulsory
fire-fighting organization, which staffs are not only producer but also firemen.
The compulsory fire-fighting team must be organized well in the project.
Organize them accepted train of professional fire-fighting, use and maintain
the fire-fighting equipment in order to ensure that the extinguishments of the
fire at the beginning would not be delayed, the accident would not be
expanded as well as the good chance of extinguishments would not be missed.
According to related statistics, good organization of compulsory fire-fighting
team is one of the effective measures for accident protection.
Technical equipment for fire fighting includes extinguishing agent and
mini-type fire extinguisher etc for the project. The storage of extinguishing
agent shall meet the requirements of fire fighting; at the same time, according
ds14-6Fgit4ttg& gt^'jlgt"#                                 76



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
to the requirements of fire fighting, the corresponding fireproofing facilities,
tools, passages, banks and materials shall be prepared.
On the other hand, it is very important to prepare productive hygiene facilities
and personal protective articles. Productive hygiene facilities include
industrial  lighting,  industrial  draught,  anti-vibration,  noise-damping,
anti-explosion, gas defense and anti-radiation etc. personal protective articles
include the helmet, protective shoes, eye shield, anti-concussion plug, ear
muff, helmet and protector of respiration etc.
(2) Emergency treatment for site management
Emergency treatment for site management includes formulation of plans and
exercises, such as organization, system, division of work, self-aid etc.
Organize to formulate managing system and technical measures for precaution
of disaster and accident and carry into effect as well as make clear the
requirements of emergency treatment.
Formulate managing system of the safety of chemical dangerous articles and
preliminary plan for emergency of chemical accident. Organize and train
rescue team for accidents in the project, prepare necessary protective and
rescue materials and equipments as well as specify a specially-assigned person
to manage, inspect and maintain regularly in order to keep them perfect.
Make clear the site directing organization and related system of emergency
treatment as well as the responsibility to ensure that the direction is executed
successfully. Ensure the communications and report and connect to the
leadership timely. Materials department shall ensure the requirements of
self-aid.
(3) Monitoring measures on site
In order to ensure the accidents could be restrained and the disaster-relief
could be effective, monitoring system and facilities on site shall be prepared
to find and know the accidents timely and correctly and forecast the
developing trend.
Monitoring measures include preparation of monitoring and waming system
for accidents, movable or portable type of monitoring device on site and
analyzing and inspecting device in analysis room.
Train, management, improvement of business quality of inspectors
(4) Measures for dealing with problems arising from an accident on site
In terms of dealing with problems arising from an accident on site, the plan
shall be formulated, which in an important part for emergency plan. The plan
for dealing with problems arising from an accident is very important for the
prevention against expanding of pollution and causing the next accident,
therefore it shall be paid a great attention to.
r- 1    f   *4,*&43f lOi MA it V0 ;JIli1                                  77



X
Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident includes cleaning
up, decontramination, recovery of production, and pollution inspection for the
staff who disposed the accidents, medical treatment and timely treatment for
injured persons on site.
The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident also includes the
further safety inspection on site, especially hidden trouble produced by the
accidents or stayed after the salvage, whether the hidden trouble could cause
new accidents.
The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident also includes
reason analysis of accidents, experience of lesson, improving measures and
summary, compile accident report and report to the related department to keep
filing.
8.4.2  Emergency treatment in reservoir area
8.4.2.1 Protective measures for decreasing hazard in reservoir area
Protective measures for decreasing hazard in reservoir area of oil and CNG are
the execution of protective measures for the whole enterprise on the basis of
taking protective measures on site in order to rescue when self-aid of each
device couldn't finish.
(1) Build up professional fire-fighting organization. According to national
fire-fighting statute, the enterprise shall build up professional fire-fighting
organization combing with its real situation. Except building up a
professional fire department, formulating plan of fireproofing and disaster
protection as well as make clear response area, the fire-fighting plan shall
be formulated as well as drilling on the spot shall be executed in
accordance with the flammable and explosive area where have key
productive device, key position, key equipment etc in order to improve
business quality and ability of fire-fighting and disaster protection.
(2) Prepare fire-fighting technical equipment. The fire-fighting system shall be
set up according t national fire-fighting criterion strictly.
(3) Build up industrial hygiene, environmental monitoring and managing
system
NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbon) and noise on the operating environment
and accident site shall be monitored, and then the corresponding precaution
measures and emergency plan shall be formulated.
The corresponding monitoring instrument and lab shall be prepared for the
monitoring of industrial hygiene. Meanwhile, portable instruments and meters
and quick-detecting means shall be prepared for urgent need on accident site.
Build up environmental monitoring system to monitor the atmosphere and
weather of an accident, including measurement and analysis of concentration.
Build up database and automatic conveying and processing system of
rltTfit4f      tt&gtt'4jgt§4                                          78



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
industrial hygiene and environmental monitoring in order to supply analysis
result and scientific decision timely.
8.4.2.2 Rescue measures for emergency in reservoir area
Rescue measures for emergency in reservoir area of oil and CNG shall be
directed uniformly on the precondition of "precaution crucial" through
building up emergency center.
(1) Emergency organization and its responsibility. Emergency center shall be
established in the reservoir area of oil and CNG. Its main responsibilities
are:
(O Organize to formulate managing system and technical measures for
precaution against disaster and formulate preliminary plan for disaster;
© Organize to develop train and exercise for precaution and rescue of
emergency in the enterprise. Regular drilling and study of theory will
be developed under the hypothetical situations in order to examine the
operability, suitability and Stringency of the plan, as well as organize
to compile Handbook for Abrupt Emergency, which shall be hold by
everyone for consultancy;
(  Organize and direct self-aid and social-aid for the accidents in the
enterprise.
Some professional departments, which are in charge of finishing its work, are
established under the emergency center.
(O) Safety supervision department shall formulate management system and
technical measures for prevention of disaster accidents; compile plan
for emergency rescue; organize education and train for accident
precaution and emergency rescue; organize and direct self-aid and
social-aid of emergency; organize to report the accident analysis to the
leadership.
®  Environmental protection department is in charge of organizing site
monitoring and environmental monitoring of the accidents,
determining endangered area of the accident, forecasting the extent of
injury of the accident, directing the execution of measures for
controlling the pollution.
© Industrial hygiene department and medical treatment department are in
charge of organizing gas defence and medical treatment on the
accident site, determining the extent of injury on the staff produced by
the poison and directing rescue and defence of the staff on site.
(O) Professional fire department is in charge of controlling the source of
hazard, rescuing the injured persons, putting out the fire and cleaning
up the site.
'' 1'J1 f5w f4 *1 3Efi&49 t w'91 T, I  I                             79



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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
® Information department is in charge of emergency communications
team to ensure the rescuing communications could be straightway.
(  Material department is in charge of ensuring the supply    of
disaster-relief materials and equipments.
(O) Communications department is in charge of ensuing the delivery of
disaster-relief materials, removing and transport of injured persons.
® Security body is in charge of organization of quick-rescuing team,
negotiating the public security and fire-fighting department to rescue
the injured persons, safekeeping and removal.
®  Maintenance department is in charge of rushing to repair of the
electromechanical instruments and buildings.
(2) Emergency rescue
When the gas station suffers accident, the alarming shall be correct and
rapid; at the same time, the compulsory fire-fighting team shall be
organized to develop self-aid. Take measures to control the source of
hazard to prevent against the disaster happens again.
When the gas station needs the rescue from the rescue center, it shall be
reported rapidly. The emergency center shall report each professional
department to rescue on the site.
In the rescue on the accident site, the headquarters on site shall direct
uniformly. The situation of the disaster and rescue activities shall be
reported to the emergency center by the headquarters. And then the
emergency center shall report to the social rescue center. In case the social
rescue is needed, the social rescue center will dispatch the professional
teams to the site.
(3) The termination of emergency situation shall be determined by the
emergency center in the gas station according to the suggestions of
headquarters and experts of accident emergency committee and then
issued.
The accident site and impacted area shall be taken measures of dealing
with problems arising from the accident according to the real situation.
The measures of dealing with problems arising from the accident include
rescission ultimately, cleaning up the site, cleanout the pollution and
recovery of production; medical treatment of injured persons in the
accident; estimation of casualty loss; analysis of accident reason and
precaution measures for accidents happen again; summarizing the lessons;
making out accident report and report to related department to keep filing
etc.
8.4.3 Preliminary plan for emergency of social rescue
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Because the accident happens abruptly and impacts on a large scale, the
accident emergency shall be followed by the principle of "directed uniformly;
taken respective charge by each grade; combining precaution with rescue;
precaution crucial; integrating point and sphere; guaranteeing key point;
combining experts with the public; scientific and effective". In case fire and
explosion accident happens, it shall be disposed according to the preliminary
plan for emergency. The emergency plan is divided three grades: the service
station, the region and the municipal emergency.
A complete plan includes:
1. General principles
2. General situation of the source of hazard
3. Emergency plan area
4. Emergency organization
5. Classification of emergency situation and response progress
6. Emergency facilities, equipments and materials
7. Emergency communications and notice
8. Emergency environmental monitoring and evaluation of consequence of
the accident
9. Protective emergency measures; Measures, means and materials for
cleaning out the leakage
10. Control of emergency dosage; Organization and plan of departure; medical
treatment and public health
11. Termination of emergency status and recovery measures
12. Train and drill
13. Public education and information
14. Record and report
15. Appendix. Preparation and formation of various appendix materials related
with emergency accident.
8.4.4  Brief summary
In case leakage of a large amount of oil or CNG, fire accident happens, the
corresponding emergency measures shall be taken according to compiled
emergency allocation and emergency program in advance to stop the accident
or decrease the dispreading hazard brought about by the hazard.
The basic principle of emergency program is: alarming; estimating the level of
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
hazard; rescuing people first and rushing to save life and property. At the same
time of self-aid, it shall be reported to the leaders, such as Fire Fighting
Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau, in order to gain salvation.
8.4.4.1 Fire-extinguishing and emergency program
Quick fire extinguishing includes:
(ODetective the fire
()Alanning system; Reporting workers on site and the emergency center
(®)Self-aid of the workers in the factory, but only including trained workers
Environmental protection includes:
(OLeakage detecting
(®)Report the leadership quickly
)Dispose of the leakage articles
Under the circumstance of fire, it must contact with the fire-fighting
department immediately to control the fire within the factory. Workers in the
service station shall be accepted fire-fighting train and exercises usually so
that they can inspect fire-fighting facilities and know how to use fire-fighting
facilities.
8.4.4.2 Emergency plan
A program of emergency plan and departure from the site shall be established
based on combining with the leader department and fire-fighting department.
The emergency plan includes two parts: emergency plan in the service station
and emergency plan outside the service station.
Emergency plan in the service station
The program aims at protecting workers on site and disposing abrupt accident.
The program is in the charge of the emergency center on-site.
Emergency plan outside the service station
The program aims at protecting surrounding people, property and environment.
It is in the charge of local department, namely that introducing preliminary
plan for emergency from social rescue.
8.4.4.3 Fire-extinguishing
Under the circumstance of fire, the following actions shall be adopted
voluntarily as possible according to the severity of abrupt accident:
- Alarming; All workers on site shall be removed quickly except
F-)I'{i-r~9,tAapf4*FI,Lffi&4931wigglf4atigIf M                         82



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
fire-fighting staff;
- Inform the fire-fighting department immediately by telephone;
- Try all the best to extinguish the fire.
r    sp'1tgit4tmg&            mtg'twgg"%                                                      83
_~~~~~~-     -   -   - - -   .- .__



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
9     Evaluation and Suggestion of Countermeasuress for
Pollution Treatment
9.1    Countermeasuress for sewage treatment and feasibility
analysis
In the project, sewage is initially disposed by each discharge outlet of the
source of pollution, and then discharged into Jinshan Sewage Plant. It is clear
from the analysis of the previous works that this project just maintains the
sewage from the maintenance shop, which doesn't meet the requirements of
discharging through the pipe. But for the security, in terms of the waste water
of washing the automobile from the maintaining plant, sewage from the
service center, water for washing and care of the automobile and sewage from
the dining room, they will be discharged to Jinshan Sewage Plant to dispose
after the process of oil-filtering, slag-filtering and air flotation.
The process of swage treatment as follows:
(1) Requirements of process design
Early rainwater is mixed with sewage after pretreatment of oil-filtering and
desilting, and then disposed by Jinshan Sewage Plant, at last discharged
according to the first grade standard of The Integrated Wastewater
Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996)
(2) The process of purification treatment of sewage
The flow process chart:
Chart 9.1-1 Flow Chart of the Pretreatment Process for Sewage
Ts f h;g;P8ltlM   );&3<!tg§                                              84



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(13) |(4
0D                                            Fecal sewage
Cesspool
Early rainwater
Rainwater collecting pool
(5)                                           Oil-filtering and desilting
Sewage from the dining-room
Grid
Sewage from the maintaining plant
Oil-filtering pool
Air flotation and oil removing
(11)                                          Sewage from the maintaining plant
(1D                                           Sewage after washing the automobile
(13)                                          Sewage from the service station
(14)                                          Municipal pipeworks
F YIIWDI;a1XP4tEJ};&g3IS^$MM«I;II22A,S                           ~~~~~~~~85



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(15)                                  Jinshan Sewage Plant
After the above-mentioned process, the sewage can meet the third-grade
standard of The Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard as well as meet
the requirements of adapter.
9.2    Countermeasuress for waste gas treatment
Off-gas of automobiles is the main source of is pollution. The treatment is
difficult to execute effectively because it is non-point pollution, therefore
greening is suggested to enforce and roadway on the parking lots shall be
allocated reasonably as well as draught system will be built up so that waste
gas could discharged through the exhaust well in the middle part of the
parking lots and from the surrounding.                                                   __
Comment Ipli:
The process of treatment of quick off-gas of automobile as follows
Oil smoke from the kitchen of the dining room will be discharged to the upper
air through provided fuel after purification treatment by static electricity.
Oil smoke from the kitchen-Gas skirt of oil smoke-Static purifier of oil
smoke-Draught fan-Pipe well for oil smoke-Discharging to upper air
Comment [pl2l d:1 I
9.3    Prevention and treatment for noise
9.4    Countermeasuress for Dangerous Articles
The potential abrupt accident hazard in the service station is the fire and
leakage of oil. The operating rules shall be followed strictly in daily works and
the safety Counterneasuress shall be taken actively. The vigilantness of the staff
shall be strengthened so that all hazard accidents could be avoided. The
following measures shall be taken in design of the project and after the project
is put into use.
1) The service station is designed as the first-grade fire proofed building,
which effective safety protective distance must be more than 25m between
other main buildings; the building shall be well draught. Naked light is not
allowed around the building and heat insulation shall be prepared in the
summer; oil tank and gas container shall be buried underground.
2) Explosion-proof electric apparatus shall be used in the service station
according to related standard and rule. Iron tools, which can produce spark
easily, and shoes with pins are not allowed to use in the operation.
3) Grounding device shall be prepared in the design of oil tank, transportation
of oil, process of pumping up and filling. Static electricity shall be
prevented to accumulate.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4) According to quality of stored oil and CNG, fire-fighting equipment shall
be prepared and kept well performance. The employees shall be organized
to drill usually so that they could use various fire-fighting equipment
masterly.
5) Concrete shall be paved on the road of the service station so that cut off
filtering of the oil in the accident; open-channel and open trench, which are
connected with separation tank, which is established for the service station
to collect the water on the ground and leaked oil in the accident, shall be
taken into consideration of the design for water supply and sewage works
of the service station. Oil sick in the separation tank shall be cleaned up on
time to prevent against major accident.
6) Necessary measures shall be taken to prevent against corrosion of
underground equipment. Oil tank and oil delivery pipe shall have rot-proof
coating in order to prevent against contacting with the soil directly;
cathodic protection is adopted in the equipment in order to avoid the
electric current entering into the soil from the equipment.
7) Concrete pit is set for underground tank; soil replacement method is used
in the lower level of the pit, and clay soil, which is not easy to creep, will
be used to backfill, which thickness is 2m. Mechanical or manual tamping
will be adopted;
Sampling analysis of local soil shall be prepared before the construction of the
project. Monitoring well for underground water shall be established within the
service station. In case the quality of underground water changes after the
comparison project is put in operation, the corresponding measures shall be taken
immediately.
9.5   Pollution Prevention Measures During Project Construction
During the construction, the original landscape would be interfered by the
discharge of construction sewage, surplus mud and the construction equipment
and transportation vehicles would produce noise and flying dust. The
environment around will be impacted if no proper measures. The
environmental pollution caused by the construction and the prevention
measures are described as follows:
1) Sewage
The sewage on the construction site is from the equipment and material
washing, drainage of groundwater during foundation construction, the
oil-bearing sewage from the canteen of construction personnel and sanitary
sewage and etc. The drainage from construction site contains much slurry.
Without proper diversion and drainage measures, the sewage will cause flood
on the site and interfere with the normal construction, and even run onto the
road to interrupt the traffic. Furthermore, dispute might be caused if it flows
into Gaizhai village or Geyu Village on south side. Therefore, proper measure
for diversion and drainage of construction sewage shall be taken and the
waster water from material and equipment washing may be reused after being
settled. The sewage from the site canteen may be discharged only after dreg
JHlg -itf 9, IRW p-4* e li;&iMM A ~6 $Hfg, JA AR                     87



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
and oil filtration and the sanitary sewage shall be treated by means of septic
tank prior to its discharge.
During the construction of this project, the site management shall be
strengthened to organize the civilized construction and strictly comply with
the recommendation and measures above so that the environmental
interference may be minimized and the harmonic progress between the city
development and environmental protection can be ensured.
2) Noise
Based on the forecasting, the noise rating number around the site during the
construction is basically above the relevant limit; the noise produced by the
operating machines and equipment will cause certain interference with the
residents on south side of the plant area especially during pile drilling.
Therefore, effective measures must be taken during the construction to reduce
the interference with the residents on the south side of the plant area and the
residents near the parking plot. For noise decreasing measures, the Employer
shall consider the following aspects:
(1) Forbidding the operation of high noise equipment (such as percussive pile
driller) during time (noon time or night) for rest.
(2) Using low-noise equipment or those with sound insulation/elimination as
far as possible.
(3) The construction enterprise shall reasonably arrange its construction time
and construction locations. The operation producing high noise may be
arranged, in accordance with the construction requirements, at the
locations far from the sound sensitive environment (Gaozhai village and
Geyu Village), i.e. the northeast corner of the planned project site near to
Pushang Road. The equipment shall be maintained regularly and the
equipment operation shall strictly comply with the specification. For the
residents on south side of the maintenance yard, temporary sound
insulation fence or sound absorbing screen shall be installed adjacent to
the boundary of the construction site.
3)  Dust and exhaust gas
(1) During excavation, drilling and demolition, water shall be sprayed on the
loose and dry topsoil within the construction site to keep certain humidity
and prevent from dust emission which shall be also applicable during
backfilling when the topsoil is dry.
(2) If the site is near Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor Temple, fence above 2.Om
abound the construction site shall be set up. The main access on site shall
be hardened and kept clean, and washing facility shall be installed at the
exit. When the transportation vehicles driving out of the site, the guard and
tires shall be well washed to avoid bearing dust and mud. During the
construction, close mesh net shall be provided to prevent overflow of
material, dregs and waste. Transportation of material and litter shall be in
an enclosing manner, and overhead casting, careless loading and unloading
muIIrtSs-ZtP;;^W¢Ssuw3s{tr.z &88



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
is forbidden. The stockpile of construction earth and cement, lime and etc
shall be properly covered or storage in warehouse. On site there shall a
temporary enclosed litter stock for the waste and dregs that is impossibly
removed immediately. Premixed concrete shall be used for the works with
concrete volume up to 30m3 cast in one time. In case of mortar produced
with bulk cement mixed in-situ, there shall be dust prevention measures
taken for the site mixer.
(3) On the site with demolition (site near Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor
Temple) by method other than blasting, hard airtight fence over 2m shall
be set up around and close mesh net shall be installed around the building
to be demolished, so that the demolition is carried out in a closing
condition and water spraying may be adopted during the operation. The
dregs and litter shall be cleaned and removed within 24 hours after the
demolition and effective covering shall be provided for which may not be
timely removed. When loading the dregs and litter, water spraying and
dust decreasing measures shall be taken. For the area where no work is
performed within 3 months after the demolition, measures shall be taken to
prevent flying dust from the exposed mud by methods such as covering,
ground hardening or simple greening.
(4) During the construction with many oil fuel machines and equipment,
dedusting and fume prevention devices shall be installed on fixed
equipment windward working within 50m.
9.6    Estimation of Investment for Environmental Project
The environmental investment of this project is RMB           Yuan
including Oil-bearing wastewater, motor vehicle exhaust/tail gas mitigation
works and canteen exhaust mitigation works, as shown in Table 9.6-1 below:
Table 9.6-1 Estimation of Investment for Environmental Project  Unit:
RMB 10,000 Yuan
S/n   Item                              Amount
I         Sewage treatment works        100.34
2
Motor vehicle exhaust gas mitigation
works
3     Canteen exhaust treatment works   14.39
4     Total
r-dllffilgit3bROWiAi&1W'#ftff t                                    89



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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
10     Public Participation
10.1  Purpose and Meaning or Public Participation
10.2  Main purpose of public opinion survey is: (0 Providing chances for citizens
and relative units to express their opinions; (© Providing chances for public
to exert influence on consequence of development; (M) Improving public
creditability of taking various measures on reducing impact of the Project; (0)
Solving different opinions or conflicts on environmental problem to eliminate
obstruction of the government on the execution of the plan; (0) Satisfying
legal requirements of the public; () Holding bi-directional exchange of
opinions among government official, public officer and citizen to identify
main problems of the public and their value viewpoint to make the public
realize the plan of the government and relative institutes, make the
government understand each optional plan and its influence, thereby the
government can make satisfy decision.
10.3  Pubic participation is an important part of evaluating work of environmental
impact and an effective way to make scientific decision. The purpose of public
participation makes the Project accepted fully by the public, realizing and
grasping popular wishes and popular sentiments and requirements of the pubic
about the Project, and then reporting suggestions of the public to relative
department in order that relative important problems involved with
construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area and the public could
be researched and solved through negotiation. A correct decision or an
important project could be obtained the way to solve problems and
contradictories in case the public, especially the public who are influenced,
could support it.
10.4  First public participation survey
10.4.1 Investigation Method and Content
Article 15 of Decree of the State Council, Law of the People's Republic of
China on Environmental Protection of Construction, Environmental Impact
Statement formulated by the Employer shall comply with regulations of
relative laws and ask for advises of local units and residents.
In accordance with the above-mentioned regulations, three aspects are
included in public opinion survey
(1)   Topics for discussion and problems: content of public opinion
survey must be related with environmental problems and social
impact, and be judged by the corresponding laws and statues.
(2)   Scale: scale of public opinion survey includes regions that are
brought about environmental impact by pollution, which is caused
by construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area in the
scale of evaluation. The key scale of public opinion survey includes
residents involved with demolition and resettlement of the parking
0tltait4tERFE&getut4at§~~~~~~~~~~~~~9



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
area, including villager committee and town government of
influenced district. Questionnaires are distributed. (About 35 copies
of questionnaires)
(3)    Object: Including residents in Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village
who are influenced
(4)    Method: Investigation by questionnaire in written.
(5)    Content: Experiencing emotion and attitude of the public on the
Project on site; filling questionnaires of public opinions; counting
main opinions of the public; proposing methods to solve main
problems considering public opinions. The main sensitive points
are listed in Table 10.2-1.
Table 10.4-1 The Main Sensitive Points of Jinshan Central Bus Parking
Loting Area
The    min-distance
Description             with border of the   Remark
factory (m)
Geyu   Village, Gaozhai 4-13m                32 households
Village
10.4.2 Statistics and analysis of findings of public opinions
There are 35 copies of questionnaires distributed with 35 effective copies
returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public
participation survey are shown in Table 10.2-2.
Table 10.4-2 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Jinshan
Central Bus Parking Loting Area
Project profile  Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project
Reside Scho Hosp The     3rd Farme Enterprises  Local Environmental O
Category of the nt    ol   ital  Industry   r      Institutions  Protection Authority
interviewees                                      Isiuin
35
Question l: Do you agree with construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area
Agree                         Disagree                     Objection
97.1%                         2.9%
Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Jinshan Central Bus Parking
Loting Area after it is put into use?
Excellent       Good              Average            Fair           LPoor
17.1%           54.3%             28.6%
Question 3: Upon completion of the Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project, what do you think
the environmental quality in your area will turn to?
Excellent      |Good             |Average           |Fair            |Poor
l                 128.6%            157.1%            114.3%
Question 4: Will construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area bring any negative
environmental impact?
Disturbance  to                 Impact on waterbody by
I  residents due to  ht     dust    wastewater  from   the Other factors
surrounding scenenes traffic noise  exhaust and dust  bridge
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
34.3%             1100%        1100%           114.3%                l
Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present?
Noise                waste gases          Dust              lothers
5.7%                 14.3%                14.3%             l
Question 6: upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area project and after it is put into
use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation?
Noise               lWaste gases         |Dust              |Others
100%                 100%                74.3%
Do you have any suggestion on preventive measures against the environmental impact during
construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area and after completion of it: See Table 2-2
(1) Information and support to the Project
Do you know about the Project? 35 persons have answered this question,
with 33 of them answered "Yes", which take 94.3% of the interviewees;
with 2 persons of them answered "no", which take 5.7% of the
interviewees.
Do you know about the following situation of the Project? 28 know the
location and scale of the parking area, which takes 80%      of the
interviewees.
Do you agree with construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting
Area? 34 answered "Agree", which takes 97.1% of the interviewees; 1
answered "Disagree", which takes 2.9%.
(2) Integral social benefit by introduction of the Project
How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Jinshan Central
Bus Parking Loting Area after it is put into use? 6 answered "Excellent",
which takes 17.1% of the total interviewees; 19 answered "Good", which
takes 54.3%; 10 answered "Average", which takes 28.6%.
Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewees think that
construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area will help actively
to improve the overall economic benefit to the district.
(3) Environmental impact
Upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area, what do you
think the environmental quality in your area will tum to? 3 answered
"Average", which takes 28.6%; 20 answered "Fair", which takes 57.1%; 5
answered "bad", which takes 14.3%.
Will construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area bring any
negative environmental impact ? 12 answered "Impact on surrounding
sceneries", which takes 34.3% of the total interviewees; 35 answered
"Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise", which takes 100% of the
total interviewees; 35 answered "Impact due to exhaust and dust", which
takes 100%; 5 answered "Impact on waterbody by wastewater from the
T)1dll i;gl4tANiP4;lT1i3t&V"iwt,1'g+At4at                                  92



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
bridge", which takes 14.3%.
What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think
at present? 2 answered "Noise", which takes 5.7% of the total interviewees;
5 answered "Waste gases", which takes 14.3%; 5 answered "Dust", which
takes 14.3%.
Upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area project and
after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the
local area as per your estimation? 35 answered "Noise", which takes 100%
of the total interviewees; 35 answered "Waste gases", which takes 100%;
26answered "Dust", which takes 74.3%.
The district was flower plantation village originally, where residents live
far from the road, with quilt and good residential environment. Viewing
from the above statistics, most of the interviewees think that construction
of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area will bring impact upon the
surrounding environmental quality, and 100% of interviewees think that
the major impact is that on the quality of sound environment and air
environment.
10.5 Second Public Participation Survey
The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 30, 2004.
Interviewees cover residents of Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. Detailed
opinions collected please see Table 10.3-1.
Table 10.5-1 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points
S/no.  Description  Public opinions                             Remarks
()they require that ancestral temples on zhenfeng
gang would not be removed and destroyed by the
construction.
(2)the elders worry about the resettled housing
would be occupied by their children or they have
not enough money to buy new hosing
®)most interviewees require that the compensation
shall be fair, the amount shall be opened and the
area of each resettler shall be published.   The interviewees are
(A)the middle-agers and elders worry about that resettlers and  local
Geyu        they would lose the source of income after land  villagers  involved
village     acquisition, so they require the government could  with Jinshan Central
provide works to them  or cost of living each  Bus Parking Loting
month;                                       area
( villagers report that resettled housings of
minjiang xincun are unqualified on the original
pushang road. The walls are cracked before
villagers live in. The villagers can't find any
leadership to lodge a complaint. Therefore they
worry about the similar situation would be suffered
by them.
_ _ _ Iocal flower planters wrorry about the waste gas
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
will pollute flowers and influence the quality and
production of the flowers brought about by the
construction of the parking area, so they suggest
the construction shall be canceled or all the lands
shall be expropriated..
(Dmost interviewees worry about compensation for
demolition could be in accordance with the related
policies and whether the compensation could be
paid in full to the resettlers;
(©)interviewees worry about that they would lose
2      Gaozhai    their source of income after land acquisition so that The interviewees are
village     their standard of living would be decreased;  villagers
(®some interviewees worry that construction of the
parking area would locate at the edge of their
flower planting lands, which are beyond the range
of resettlement, so waste gas of vehicles will
l ____  ___________  influence quality of flower plantation.
10.5.1 Supporting opinions for construction of the Project
Most of the public support construction of the Project. They consider that
construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area could make
transportation of local public conveniently, increase flow of people and
promote local economic development. The construction of the project can
make the surrounding land could be added value. Part of the public considers
that although the construction of the Parking Area couldn't bring about
tremendous active profit to the local district directly, they shall understand and
support the requirements of the government's decision.
10.5.2 Issues worried by the interviewees
Interviewees within the range of demolition have concerns upon following
issues:
1) Compensation after demolition; Most of interviewees worry about that
they have not enough money to buy new hosing through compensation
paid by the government and they couldn't pay expense of real estate
management. The interviewees also worry about whether the permitted
compensation of the government could be distributed each resettler,
meanwhile they worry about that whether the calculation of the area of
existing housing could be fair, therefore they require that the area should
be shown by publication.
2) Living problem after demolition; farmers who lost their land worry about
their source of income. Villagers within the intended Parking Area depend
on the income of flower plantation, so they worry about that they couldn't
do their farming at present and the standard of living will be decreased;
especially the middle-agers and elders.
3) Parts of elders live in the housings from their ancestors, so they worry
about they have not enough money to buy new hosing.
4) The construction of the parking area will change the existing environment.
Noise and waste gas of vehicles will bring about bad impact on quality of
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
surrounding environment, residential environment as well as the
environment of flower plantation, at last the quality and production will be
influenced.
10.6 Brief Summary on Public Participation Opinions
I ) Most of the interviewees support Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area
Project;
2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into
consideration during planning and design include:
(D The site selection shall decrease demolished housings as possible to
prevent against inconvenience to the public.
©  Try the best to turn aside ancestral temples of local people in the
planning;
(  Appropriate measures shall be taken in the design of the parking area
to decrease impact of noise and waste gas on the living environment.
3) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into
consideration during road construction include:
Construction site shall be allocated reasonably. Put the concrete mixer away from
the residents and try the best to shorten the construction period. Residue of
construction shall be disposed appropriately. It is not allowed to pour out into the
farmlands or rivers.
4) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into
consideration during demolition and resettlement includes:
(© Compensation for demolition shall be reasonable. They hope
constructors could talk over with matters concerned with demolition
with resettles and compensation for demolition could be paid to the
resettlers directly.
( They suggest provide proper economic compensation to farmers who
lost their land so that they can keep their standard of living. It is
meaningful for the stabilization of the society.
(  Resettle the elders appropriately so that they could live well in their
later years.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
11    Environmental Protection Management and
Environmental Monitoring Plan
11.1  Environmental protection management
11.1.1 Environmental management agency
The principal in charge of (legal representative) Jinshan Central Bus Parking
Lot shall be the person in charge of environmental management of this project.
The subordinate Engineering Department or Power Department shall have 4-5
full-time workers devoted to environmental protection. Of the 4-5 workers, at
least 2 shall be professional technicians with the title of engineer or above.
These workers shall fully implement environmental management to assist
Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau in carrying out environmental
protection and monitoring activities. The environmental management
organization is shown in Figure 11.1-1.
11.1.2 Environmental management responsibilities
The main responsibilities for environmental management are:
1) Environmental management during construction period
During the construction period, management shall not only focuse on the
construction quality and progress of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, but also
on the civilization of construction, the implementation of measures for
mitigating environmental impact, and the implementation of contractual
clauses concerming environmental protection.
2) Project construction management
During the construction period, the Supervisory Unit employed by the
constructor shall conduct full supervision and surveillance over the whole
project, check the matching facilities environmental protection facilities and
devices to see if they are constructed simultaneously with the main work as
planned and if the quality meets the design requirements, so as to assure that,
after completion of the main work, the environmental protection facilities can
immediately produce utility in environmental protection.
3) Execution of and supervision over environmental impact mitigation
measures
The constructor is responsible for implementing the environmental impact
mitigation measures recognized by the State Environmental Protection
Administration, Fuzhou Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the
World Bank, so as to mitigate the possible negative environmental impact
caused by project construction and operation.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(13)                (4
Figure 11.2-1 Environmental Management Organization for Fuzhou City
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot
Fuzhou Municipal Goverment
Fuzhou     Development    and    Planning
Commission
Fuzhou      Municipal     Communications
Commission
Fuzhou Public Transportation Corporation
Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau
Other Bureaus
FuOther Departments
Project Department
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
2   Full-time  Workers  of  Environmental
Protection Group
Guangzhou     Research    Institute  for
Environmental Protection
2 persons of Environmental Protection Group
(11)                   Responsible  for   Supervision  over  and
Management of Environmental Protection
during Operation
2 persons of Environmental Protection Group
(IZ)                   and I Person of Contractor Responsible for
Supervision over Environmental Protection
during Construction
(13)                   Assessment of Environmental Impact of
Parking area
Environmental Protection Action Plan for
(14)
Parking area
(19                    Environmental  Monitoring  and  Detection
during Construction and Operation
4%4Pf4*IiA rLpfW@H fi&gt WWI FTI 9 Om98



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
4) Environmental management during operation
(1) Educate the management personnel and workers at various levels at the
construction site on environmental protection to improve their the
awareness and technical level of environmental protection, improve their
sense of responsibility for control of environmental pollution, so that they
can actively make contribution to the creation of a good environment and
promote the execution of site wide environmental protection.
(2) Formulate the environmental management rules and operational
instructions for pollution-preventing and -mitigating facilities for Jinshan
Central Bus Parking Lot. Periodically maintenance, service and check
waste water treatment facilities, facilities for waste gases from the
Worker's Dining Hall, motor vehicle exhaust treatment facilities, etc to
ensure normal operation of these facilities.
(3) Cooperate with the environmental protection authorities in environmental
management, supervision and check.
(4) Cooperate with the environmental protection authorities in solving
pollution-causing accidents, etc.
11.1.3 Personnel training
In order to improve the managerial and technical levels of professional
environmental protection personnel, it is necessary to train them in the fields
as listed in Table 11.1-1.
Table 11.1-1 Plan for Personnel Training
Trainees                    Contents                  Training Organizations
Construction-related environmental protection
regulations,  environmental    supervision
Environmental  regulations, Fuzhou Municipal environmental
Management    protection management rules, measures and Orgnized   bym Fuzhou
.Municipal Communications
Personnei   of technologies  for preventing pollution during Commission
Parking area  construction, management, maintenance and
operations  of  environmental  management
facilities, etc.
Construction-related environmental protection
Constructor's  regulations,  environmental   supervision
Principal     regulations, Fuzhou Municipal environmental
Environmental protection management rules, measures and Organized  bymmunicatis z
Envlron mental                          ~~~~~~Municipal Communications
technologies  for preventing pollution during 
Protection                                             Commnission
Personnel     construction, management, maintenance and
operations  of  environmental  management
facilities, etc.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
11.2  Environmental Monitoring Plan
During the construction and operation periods, in order to understand the
effectiveness of measures, respond as quickly as possible to environmental
problems not predicted and verify the accuracy of environmental impact
forecast, usually environmental monitoring is needed. Environmental
monitoring plan shall be made specific to different stages, including sample
collection, analysis, data processing, environmental assessment, report
preparation, etc.
The purpose of environmental monitoring plan is to assess the effectiveness of
various mitigating measures, respond as quickly as possible to environmental
problems unforeseen in construction or operation periods, make policies on
basis of data collected from monitoring activities, and improve or supplement
environmental protection measures.
11.2.1 Monitoring points
1) During the construction period
The main factor to be monitored during the construction period is the impact
of noise on Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village. So, two noise-monitoring
points will be set during the construction period, one in Gaozhai Village and
one in Geyu Village. Either of the monitoring point will be set at 1 m from the
window of the first row of residences. Monitoring will last for one day per
three months, divided in two time sections - daytime and nighttime.
2) During the operation period
The factors to be monitored during the operation period are noise, water
quality and exhaust from motor vehicles. Four (4) noise monitoring points are
set at Im outside the parking area boundary and one two (2) at lm from the
window of the first row of residences of Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village
facing the maintenance yard (one for each village). Six noise monitoring
points in total. The purpose of water quality monitoring is to know the
effectiveness of wastewater treatment facilities. So, water quality monitoring
points are set the inlet, outlet and general water outlet. There are five water
quality-monitoring points in total. The frequency of monitoring is one time
every three months. Jingshan Public Transportation Center Parking area is
equipped with facilities for monitoring exhaust of motor vehicles. These
facilities are the matching monitoring facilities of the parking area and are
used to monitor exhaust of motor vehicles that are of level-2
maintenance/inspection or above. The parameters to be monitored include
smoke color (for diesel-fueled motors), HC, NOX and CO. The monitoring
frequency will be determined as per the cycles of maintenance of motor
vehicles.
11.2.2 Items, frequencies and durations
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
For the items, frequencies and durations of monitoring during the construction
and operation periods, please refer to Tables 11.2-land 11.2-2.
Table 11.2-1 Items, Frequencies and Durations of Monitoring during
Construction
Items       Parameters     Frequencies  Durations  Points  Start Time       Methods
Con stru c iton
Noise           Leq        2 times/day  2 days/m    4       Perion
Period
Vibration       VLz10        2 times/day  2 days/m   4
Construction
Air Quality  PM10, CO, NO2    4 times/day  3 days/m   4
_________________                    ~~~~Period     As per national
CODCr                                                       environmental
SS                                                       monitoring rules
Petroleum        .Construction
Wastewater                    I time/day  2 days/m    5
Animal/Vegetable                                  Period
Oils
Note: Monitoring will last for 12 months during the construction period.
Table 11.2-2 Items, Frequencies and Durations of Monitoring during
Construction
Start
Items        Parameters     Frequencies  Durations  Points  time       Methods
Time
2
times/day
I day/3   (one   in         Operation
Noise           Leq                                  10
months    daytime             Period
and one in
nighttime)
4 day/3   4 times/day        Operation    As per
Air Quality  PM1o, CO, NO2                              2                  national
months    (24hours)                    environmental
CODcr                                      Operation   monitoring
SS                                                      rules
Petroleum       I day/3       1
Wastewater                                             3
Animal/Vegetable    months    time/day
Oils
BOD5
Underground      P               I day/3    1 m         I    Operation
Water                         months                        Period
Note: Monitoring will last for 2 years during the operation period.
11.2.3 Monitoring data analysis and management
Data collected from monitoring on the environment of the project are very
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
important for future environmental management. These data can reflect
whether or not the future changes of environmental quality conform to the
expected results and provide scientific evidences for formulating and revising
environmental management measures in the future. In addition, these data are
also helpful for establishing files and databases for environmental monitoring
and for compiling environmental analysis and assessment reports. The specific
requirements are as follows:
1) Content of report - original data (including parameters, monitoring points,
duration of monitoring, environmental conditions of monitoring),
statistical data, environmental quality analysis and assessment and
signature.
2) Frequency of report
One comprehensive report each quarter and one summary report each year.
3) Reports shall be
(1) Sent to - Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, World Bank and
Constructor, and
(2) Copied to the Environmental Impact Assessment Group for Fuzhou City
Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
12    Main Conclusions of Assessment
12.1  Necessity of construction project
Urban public transportation is an important part of urban transportation. Public
services are an important factor in measuring the quality of urban residents'
life. Although, in recent years public transportation has seen great
development, the planning and construction of urban public transportation
parking areas, maintenance yards, hubs, and the first and last stops are not
systematic. The land space for the first and last stops and stations/stops is also
far from enough. All these factors are constraints for further development and
improvement of public transportation and seriously affect the normal
operation of urban roads. As per the Fuzhou City Public Transportation Rules
and the scales of stations/lots requested for transportation areas, the planned
parking areas are Jianxin Parking area, Xiushan Parking area, Nanerhuan
Parking area, Fuxing Development Zone Parking area, University City
Parking area, Xiayuan Parking area, Wenshanli Parking area and Maweikuaian
Parking area. The total area planned for parking areas is 275, 000 square
meters and can provide maintenance services for 1400 motor vehicles. So, it is
decided by CCP Fuzhou Commission and Fuzhou Municipal Government to
build Fuzhou City Jinshan Public Transportation Center Parking area to
supplement and perfect the public transportation parking areas of the
downtown area and the new area and improve the level and quality of public
transportation services.
12.2  Assessment on the current status of environmental quality
(1) Air
The items to be assessed are N02 and PM1O and the standards for assessment
are the Ambient Air Quality Standard and its secondary standard in the
revision form. The monitoring points are Meiting Village, Panbian Village and
Gangtou Village. As per the results of monitoring performed over these three
points in the year of 2001, N02 and PM10 do not exceed the indexes and meet
the requirements for secondary functional areas. This shows that, currently, the
ambient air quality of this region is good.
(2) Water
The sections to be assessed are the Guokong sections of Beigang, namely
Kuiqi and Aofengzhou. As per the division of functional areas for Fuzhou
section of Minjiang River, the ambient water quality of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou
sections shall be assessed as per the GB3838-2002 Class III water quality
standared. Data collected from routine monitoring over Kuiqi and Aofengzhou
sections in 2002 shows that these two sections meet the water quality
requirements of Class III. So, currently, the water quality of Aofengzhou -
Kuiqi section of Beigang, Minjiang is good.
(3) Noise
There are six points for monitoring the ambient noise quality: 1# in Gaozhai
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Village, 2# in Geyu Village, 3# at the west side of the parking area, 4# at the
north side of the parking area and 5# in the middle of the parking area. The
noise environment of Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village belong to Class 2 and
that of the west and north sides of the parking area belongs to Class 4. From
Nov.10-1 1, 2001, these 6 points were monitored for noise during the daytime
and nighttime. The north boundary of the parking area is Pushang Road, but,
according to the data of monitoring, currently, the traffic volume of Pushang
Road is small and the ambient noise quality is good. The surroundings of the
project are quiet and the ambient noise quality of the project is good.
12.3  Assessment on the environmental impact during the operation
period
(1) Air
The main sources of air pollution of this project are the exhaust of motor
vehicles and the oil-bearing smoke from the dining hall.
The oil-bearing smoke prdocued by the dining hall, after secondary treatment,
will be guided via the embedded pipe to the chimney at the top of the building,
so it have little impact on the surrounding environment.
Exhaust from motor vehicles is an area source. The main air pollutants in the
exhaust of motor vehicles are NOX, CO and HC. The items affecting forecast
analysis are N02, CO and NMHC. Non-methane total hydrocarbon source
intensities can be calculated as per the regression equation for CTHC and
CNMHC (The Relation between Total Hydrocarbon and Non-methane
Hydrocarbon Exhausted by Urban Road Motor Vehicles by Deng Shunxi).
The source intensity of N02 is NOX.
Because sources of air pollution of this project are intermittently discharged,
this project only forecasts the average concentration distribution on the ground
in the axial direction in one hour when exhaust of the parking area is at the
maximum. In addition, it also forecasts the degree and extent of the impact on
ambient air quality.
This project is located in a place where the ambient air belongs to Class II of
the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and the secondary standard
in the revision form. No provisions are made for the concentration of NMHC
in the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and its revision form. So,
assessment is specific to the impact of CO and N02 only.
The result of forecast shows that, in peak hours of this project, in exhaust of
motor vehicles, within 100m of the impact of N02 the concentration of N02
is 0.005-0.0713mg/m3, which is 0.2%-29.7% of the standard for assessment;
within 100m of the impact of CO the concentration of CO is
0.0082-1.1020mg/m3, which is 0.082%-11.02% of the standard for
assessment; the maximum impact value of NMHC at 100m around is
0.1 779mg/m3.
So, the N02 and CO from motor vehicles in construction of this project has
little has little impact on the surroundings within 100m.
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(2) Water
The drainage system of Jinshan Maintenance Yard uses a separate system for
rainwater and wastewater. The wastewater from main production shops, such
as the washing shop, maintenance shop and dining hall will flow to their own
oil-isolating pool and, after treatment by the air-floatation system, is
discharged into the urban wastewater drainage system outside the parking lot.
The wastewater volume is about 357.7m3/d. All the wastewater will be treated
at Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant and then be discharged into Beigang.
The rainwater during the initial period is 88.4m3/d. This part of rainwater will
be be treated via oil-isolation and sand-sedimentation to meet the Class III of
Integrated wastewater discharge standard, then be directly discharged into the
urban wastewater drainage system and be treated at Jinshan Wastewater
Treatment Plant.
This project will produce little wastewater. Furthermore, the wastewater will
be treated at Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant before being discharged into
Beigang. So this project will have little impact on the water environment.
12.4  Assessment on electromagnetic environmental impact
Fujian Provincial Radiative Environment Supervision Station conducted
on-site power frequency electromagnetic surveys at 45 points at and around
the project. The results show that at Im from the wall of the substation the
maximum power frequency magnetic field value is 1.89AT. Under the trolly
wire of 220kV, the maximum power frequency electric field intensity is
0.253kV/m, the maximum power frequency electric field magnetic induction
intensity is 0.6724T.
As per the chapter devoted to electromagnetic environmental impact
assessment, Jianxin Substation (220kV) and its trolly wire (220kV) will not
intervene with the interphones, GPS or CRT of the Dispatch Center. For the
Dispatch Center, Waiting Hall and Workers' Dormitory, the environmental
power frequency electromagnetic field intensity is lower than the assessment
standard for impact of the power frequency electromagnetic field generated by
hi-voltage transmission and transformation projects on the public. The impact
of power frequency electromagnetic is zero and the power electromagnetic
field intensity is lower than the strict international standard. So, there is little
impact on the workers of the parking lot or on the public in the waiting hall. In
the yard of this project, under the 220kV trolly wire and on rainy days, people
can use umbrella without the fear of electric shock.
The preliminary planaer layout of all the buildings, including the gas station,
dispatch center, dining hall, waiting hall, etc meet the requirements of
Electricity Facilities Protection Rules.
Under the I IOkV trolly wire, the path proposed to be moved, if hit by thunder,
might endanger the gas station. The scheme using trolly wire shall be
approved by the thunder-preventing authorities; otherwise, underground cables
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Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
shall be used. Thunder-preventing drawings and facilities shall be uniformly
approved and accepted by the thunder-preventing authorities.
12.5  Risk analysis and emergency scheme
The main risks are leakage, fire disaster and explosion. Whichever kind of
accidents happens, the consequences might be very serious. So, preventive
measures shall be taken above all to prevent accidents from happening. Abide
by the basic environmental protection policy of "Prevention Paramount and
Safety First". At usual times, all the personnel of the station shall study related
technologies, get familiar with the whole production process of the gas station
and keep in mind the hazards of accidents, so as to make sure that everything
is OK. At the same time, study and practice the emergency scheme so that
once an accident happens, it can be handled according to the procedure in
time.
12.6   Analysis of countermeasures for pollution mitigation
(1) Analysis of countermeasures for water pollution mitigation
For this project, wastewater is preliminarily treated at the outlets of pollution
sources before entering Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant. From above
analysis it can be seen that, the wastewater of the maintenance and servicing
shops of this project cannot meet the requirements for entering the pipe, but,
for the sake of safety, oilUslag-separation and air floatation are used to treat the
wastewater from the maintenance yard, gas station, service shop and dining
hall to mee the requirements for connecting pipes, and then wastewater enters
Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant.
(2) Analysis of countermeasures for air pollution mitigation
Exhaust of motor vehicles is the main source of air pollution of this project.
Being an area source of pollution, it is very difficult to be treated effectively.
So, it is suggested to strength the greening efforts within the area, reasonably
layout the tracks in the parking lot, improve the ventilation system, so as to
exhaust can be in time discharged via the ventilation wells in the middle of the
parking lot and around.
The oil-bearing smoke from the dining hall, after being purified by the
electrostatic oil and smoke treatment, is guided to the top of the
comprehensive building via the reserved chimney in the building.
12.7   Public participation
This assessment involves two times of public participation. The results of public
participation are:
1) The majority of the interviewees support the construction of Jinshan Central
Bus Parking Lot
2) Interviewees suggest that, while planning and designing this project, the
In  106



Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
following shall be taken into consideration:
3  The site shall be such that the number of buildings to be removed shall be
minimized so as to avoid inconveniences to the local people.
3  Try to circumvent the tombs of the ancestors of the local people in planning.
In designing the parking lot, proper measures shall be taken to reduce the impact
of noises and waste gases on the local residents around the project.
3) Interviewees suggest that, while constructing the project, the following shall be
taken into consideration:
Reasonably arrange the construction site. Concrete agitators shall be placed far from
residential buildings. Try to shorten the construction period as much as possible.
Slag/earth from the construction shall be properly dispose and shall not be dumped in
nearby farm lands or rivers.
4) Interviewees suggest that, when removing and resettling local residents, the
following shall be taken into consideration:
Removed buildings shall be reasonably compensated. Hope the constructor can
directly negotiate with and directly compensate the owners of removed buildings.
3   Suitable economic compensation is suggested to provide for the peasants who
have lost the land so that they can keep their current living standards. This is
positive for maintaining the social stability.
Impact on ancestors' tombs is considered in disigning. The current parking lot
design shall back inwards so as not to remove the ancestors' tombs of local
residents.
Properly settle old-age people to ensure that they can spend their remaining days
safely.
12.8
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