Document of The Wotld Bank FOR OmClAL USE ONLY l a::-JZ ;2 o :~~~Z 7 En be Repwt No. P-5011-ZR MEKORANDUM AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT OF SDR 57.3 MILLION TO THE REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FOR A FIRST TRANSPORT REHABILITATION PROJECT (ONATRA|SNCZ) r February 14, 1989 ThIs document bas a resicted distibution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their offcial dties. Its cowets may not otherwise be dicbsed without Word Bank authorzadtion. cURRECY EOU1VALEWIS Currency Unit - Zaire (Z) Z 100 3 US$0.7692 as of January 1988 US$ 1.00 Z130 as of January 1988 Z 100 US$0.3333 as of January 1989 US$ 1.00 - Z300 as of January 1989 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 1 meter (a) - 3.28 feet 1 kilometer (km) - 0.62 mile 1 sq kilometer (km2) - 0.386 square miles I metric ton (ton) . 2,204 pounds (lbs.) ACRONM AND ABBREVIATIONS AfDB 3 African Development Bank CCCE G Caisse Centrale de Coop&ration Economique (France) CFM Chemin de Fer de Matadi a Kinshasa EEC - European Economic Community Gecamines La Generale des Carrieres et des Mines EW = Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (Federal Republic of Germany) ONATRA - Office National des Transports SNCZ - Societe Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zairois VN Voie Nationale FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 FOR OMCIAL USE ONLI REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FIRS TRANORT R B PROJECT (OKATRARSNCZ) * Borrowers Republic of Zaire Beneficiarv: Office National des Transports (ONATRA) Socite Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zairois (SNCZ) Amount: IDA Credit SDR 57.3 million (US$ 75 million equivalent) Termss Standard IDA Terms On-Lending Terms: 7.65 percent per annum over 20 years with a five-year grace period. Foreign exchange risk to be bortne by ONATRA and SNCZ. Financing Plan: IDA : US$ 75.0 m APDB s US$ 91.6 m KfW :US$ 15.0 m EEC : US$ 6.2 m BELGIUM : US$ 24.1 a CCCE : US$ 36.2 m ONATRA : US$ 15.2 m SNCZ : US$ 16.8 m Total : US$280.1 m Economic Rate of Return: ONATRA: 13.81; SNCZ: 13.61; Overall: 13.71 Staff Appraisal Report: Report No. 7285-ZR map: IBRD No. 20762 This document bas a nstricted distbution and may be sed by mincpts only in the peformnnce of their official duties. its contents may not otherwis be disclosed without World Bank authorization. MD(ORANDUN AND RECCENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF TER INTERNATIONUL DEVELOPENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT OF SDR 57.3 MILLION (US$75 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FOR A FIRST TRANSPORT REHABILITATION PROJECT (ONATRAISNCZ) 1. The following report on a proposed credit to the Republic of Zaire for SDR 57.3 million (US$75.0 million equivalent) is submitted for approval. The proposed credit would be on standard IDA terms and would assist in financing a First Transport Rehabilitation Project. The project will be cofinanced by the African Development Bank, France, Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany and the European Economic Communities. The credit proceeds will be onlent by the borrower to ONATRA and SNCZ at 7.65 percent per annum, over twenty years, with a five-year grace period. ONATRA and SNCZ will assume the foreign exchange risk. 2. Back round. Following ten years of ecoaomic decline and ill-guided economic policies, internal and external imbalances reached an all time high in 1983. The Government, with IMF and IDA assistance, embarked on a stabilization program aimed at correcting these imbalances and establishing the preconditions for the resumption of growth. From 1983 to 1986, the authorities implemented the program, and though performance was uneven, improvements were achieved in narrowing the disequilibria and putting in place an economic climate more conducive to productive activities. In October 1986, the Government indicated that it would not continue following the program, arguing that neo aid had been negative with the result that, in spite of overall good policy performance, growth in per capita income was also negative. Agreement was reached, though, in January, 1987 to restore the program, and in June 1987 a Structural Adjustment Credit to expand and deepen the program was approved by the Executive Directors. Implementation of the program has been poor. The Government was unwilling to undertake sensitive policy changes (including implementation of agreed-on policies on pricing of petroleum products and of foreign exchange). In 1988, monetary financing of the budget deficit was well above targeted levels, pushing inflation to 100 percent per annum. Therefore, the second tranche of the SAL has not been released. 3. A new Prime Minister was appointed in November 1988 and wss given a mandate to take the steps necessary to put the programs with the IDA and the IMF back on track. This was the same Prime Minister who had been in office during 1983-86, the period of relatively successful implementation of adjustment policies. Since November, the Government has taken positive action on most of the issues under contention (iacluding the pricing issues mentioned above, interest rate increases, and reform in the institutional framework for the public enterprise sector). Discussions are now under way to see if the remaining issues can be resolved. The Government seems well aware of the need to reestablish the credibility of its adjustment program to benefit from substantial external resources available under recent donoricreditor initiatives, including the Special Program for Assistance for Sub-Saharan Africa. 4. Complementary to the adjustment program, IDA has been aiding Zaire to implement a number of sectoral programs, including on social and physical - ii - infrastructure. These infrastructure programs generally fall in the area of core" programs thet would go ahead even in the absence of good progress on the adjustment program so long as specific sector policy conditions are met. The First Transport Rehabilitation Project is a case in point: it has been delayed by several months because the Government had been unwilling to make necessary adjustments in ONATRA's tariffs. As part of the recent pricing reforms, these tar!ffs have been raised to satisfactory levels, so the project is now able to move forward. And given the current state of di..srepair of transport infrastructure, it is, indeed, vital that maintenance and rehabilitation go ahead. 5. An efficient transport network is essential given Zaire's land size, its limited sea access and the remoteness of its mineral deposits, the main -ource of exports. The Voie Nationale (VN) is the backbone of this network and plays an essential role in supporting agriculture and mining activities. The VN consists of a 2,700 Km-long integrated chain of rail, port and river facilities stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the inland copperbelt in Shaba. This corridor is served by two major state-owned transport enterprises: the Office National des Transports (ONATRA) and the Societe Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zalrois (SNCZ). ONATRA employs about 18,000 people; operates three sea ports (including the main port of Matadi), 12 river ports (including Kinshasa, Kisangani, Mbandaka) and shipyards in Kinshasa; provides river transport services along a system of 7000 km consisting of the Zaire and Kasai rivers and their tributaries; and operates the 370 Km Matadi-Kinshasa railway. SNCZ employs about 22,000 people and operates the third largest railway in Subsaharan Africa (a 5000 km network in three separate systems, serving in particular the Shaba copper mining industry which exports over 2/3 of its production through the VN). SNCZ also operates ports and navigation services on the upper Zaire river and across the Great Lakes connecting with Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda. 6. Despite various assistance and investments over the past ten years, the performance of ONATRA and SNCZ has declined progressively. This may have contributed to an increased reliance on imported food and, if not corrected, could lead to a drop in copper production and sales in the near future. The causes have been multiple. There has been poor management and planning, and staff malpractice (e.g. private use of the companies' assets). There has also been a lack of maintenance so that infrastructure and equipment have had to be rebuilt or renewed earlier than normally required. The drop in traffic, partly due to the economic slowdown, has also contributed to a decline in financial performance of both enterprises. Operating costs have tended to be high and tariffs have not always in the past been adjusted in a timely fashion. The river non-mineral traffic has been progressively lost to the private sector which offers relatively better service, but does not meet any of the publir transport services provided by the parastatals (e.g. transport of agricultural products on low traffic tributaries). At the same time, part of the copper has had to be exported through South African ports, increasing the country's foreign exchange outlays. 7. In line with the Government-agreed policy under the SAL, a major review of public enterprises led to formulate measures to streamline this sector. In parallel with this effort, detailed studies of ONATRA's role and organization recommended that its departments be decentralized with proper control and that selected activities be devolved to the private sector. A study of the viability of part of the SNCZ' network is being carried rut with a view to trimming loss- - iLi - making activities. In addition, recent Bank sector work has emphasized the urgency, as part of the Goverrment's Five-Year Plan (1985-90), of: (i) stopping the deterioration of plant and equipment on the VN; ('i) upgrading the poor management and low efficiency of state companies; and (iii) improving overall transport coordination and planning of related public investments. 8. Rationale for IDA Involvement. Earlier IDA credits to ONATRA and SNCZ were concentrated on specific investments; they had limited success but helped to gain a better understanding of managerial or institutional weaknesses and to develop an appropriate strategy. Given the size, economic importance, and current state of these companies, their restructuring and selective rehabilitation are prerequisites for keeping the VN competitive with alternative routes paid in foreign exchange and to permit the privatization of non-public service activities. Further assistance under this project would nelp achieve deep-seated structural reforms, selective privatization of services (when possible), and help implement a policy package to which Government has demonstrated its commitment. IDA involvement has also helped to mobilize and coordinate cofinancing in support of the Government rehabilitation plans for ONATRA and SNCZ. 9. Proiect Obiectives. The project aims to reduce transport costs, to Improve the performance of major public enterprises while increasing the role of the private sector in transport, and better to allocate scarce budget resources. To do so, the project would support a comprehensive five-year rehabilitation program for ONATRA and SNCZ to strengthen their performance in the transport sector in the context of a sustainable public expenditure program. Specific objectives are: a) implementation of a major restructuring plan at ONATRA and improvement of financial management at ONATRA and SNCZ, and b) renewal and repair of equipment and facilities mainly along the VN. 10. Proiect Description. The project would include: Mi) Key policy measures for: - Institutional reform at ONATRA, including a) decentralizing main departments b) reducing loss-making and auxiliary activities c) privatizing the shipyards, and d) establishing responsible management with financial controls adapted to the new structure; - financial recovery in line with plans proposed by ONATRA and SNCZ and in the context of Contrat-Protrammes agreed with Government, including: a) debt restructuring of ONATRA b) reducing surplus personnel c) controlling consumables and inventories d) tightening collection of receivables e) using cost-based tariffs, and f) strengthening accounting procedures and performance monitoring with a new management information system; - iv - - operational improvement, includingt a) organizing and performing adequate maintenance b) setting operational targets and monitoring achievement c) improving capacity utilization through better marketing of return hauls, and d) rehabilitating works and renewing equipment to maintain but not expand present capacities; and (1i) Investments aimed at rehabilitating the VR. For ONATRA, the project would include ports improvement and equipment replacement (30 percent of ONATRA's component costs), barges, pushers and spares (23 percent), railway work3hops, tools and spares (17 percent), and containers, office technologr; technical assistance and training (28 percent). For SNCZI, investme3ta would include about 300 kms of track renewal (46 percent of SNCZ's component costs), locomotive replacement (26 percent) and rolling stock program rehabilitation (12 percent), renewal of telecommunications and computerization, technical assistance (TA) and training (14 percent). Major track renewal work would be contracted out, and TA teams with agreed performance targets would share management responsibilities. In addition, the project would help finance a program to encourage voluntary early retirements in order to raisa the productivity of both over-staffed enterprises by providing incentives which could include training for alternative outside employment, and the provision of credits or grants for the purchase of capital goods for use in such employment (4 percent). No part of the Credit would be disbursed against any cash payments to employees or retirees. Total project costs have been estimated at about US$280 million equivalent, with a foreign exchange component estimated at US$ 243 million equivalent (87 percent). A breakdown of costs and the financing plan are shown in Schedule A. Amounts and methods of procurement and of disbursements, and the disbursement schedule are shown in Schedule B. A timetable of key project processing events and the status of Bank Group operations in Zaire are given in Schedule C and D, respectively. A map is also attached. The Staff Appraisal Report, No. 7285-ZR, dated February 1989, is being distributed separately. 11. Agreed Actions. The main agreements relate to conditions for ensuring implementation of the policy measures. They includes a) details of implementation of ONATRA's institutional reform, b) targets and operating plans on the VN for both ONATRA and SNCZ, c) ONATRA's capital restructuring, and d) Contrat-Programmes defining obligations of the state and of these entreprises. The first two sets of me6sures are the subject of Action Plans that were finalized and agreed during negotiations and are reflected in the legal documents* The third measure has been approved by Government in August 1988t about US$50 million equivalent of ONATRA's medium and long-term debt will be transformed in Government equity, reducing the Company's debt service to a manageable level. The enactment of this decision is a condition of Credit effectiveness. The fourth agreement relates to the approval by Government of satisfactory Contrat-Protrammes with each enterprise, which is a condition of - v - etfectiveness. Finally, the signing of agreements with cofinanciers (AfDB and KFW) for financing the SNCZ track renewal program, which is on the critical path of project implementation, vill also be a condition of effectiveness. 12. Benefits. Economic benefits consist of lower unit operating costs, to be reduced by about 10 percent; shorter transit time, to be halved to 22 days between Shaba and Matadi; and lowered inventories and more reliable stock suppliep for copper production. Improved performance on the VN would also generate traffic from local trade 4nd agricultural exports. This in turn would increase the profitability of the VN and save foreign exchange currently spent on alternative international routes. The overall ERR is about 14 percent, with ERR of components ranging between 10 and 20 percent. 13. Risks. There are three main riskss (i) the extent to which managerial improvements will take place; (ii) Government failure to abide by the contrat- programme (e.g. not approving tariff adjustment or not compensating the enterprises for social services) might jeopardize the project financial objectives and force the two agencies to suspend most of their social transport services; and (iiI) the reopening of the Lobito route through Angola. To minimize the first risk, a critical mass of technical assistance has been included under the project to ensure that operational performance will improve and a detailed training program has been agreed to ensure that skilled Zairians are available. As for the second risk, the contrat-proiramme with SNCZ has already been signed, and that with ONATRA negotiated, and the first tariffs adjustments granted. Close supervision will, however, be necessary. Finally, the third risk has been :arefully assessed. If traffic on the Lobito railway returns to the levels prevailing prior to its closing, economic returns on the SNCZ track rehabilitation would increase, since the Lobito traffic would have to use a large portion of the SNCZ track to be rehabilitated. This traffic includes the Zairean traffic currently diverted to southern routes, part of which would revert to the VNI, as would some of the Zambian copper exports now transiting through the longer South African routes. On the rest of the VN, the traffic pattern Is likely to remain unchanged since the Lobito closing did not affect it, and reopening is not expected to affect it either. Overall, the economic return on SNCZ investments would increase, and the VN would maintain its competitiveness. 14. Recommendations: I am satisfied that the proposed credit would comply with the Articles of Agreement of the Association and recommend that the Executive Directors approve the proposed credit. Barber B. Conable President Attachments Washington, D.C. February 14, 1989 - vI - Schedule A REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FIRST TRANSPORT REHABILITATION PROJECT (ONATRA/SNCZ) SI!Mirv Project Cost Estimates and Financina Plan (Net of tages and duties) Cost estimates (January 1988 prices) . ~~~~~~~~~~~As 2 of EstNimted Costs$ Local ForeIea Total Sotal ----US $ Million----- Civil Works: ONATRA 3.1 6.9 10.0 3.6 SNCZ 11.4 54.9 66.3 23.7 Equipmentt ONATRA 8.5 51.5 60.0 21.4 SNCZ - 64.9 64.9 23.1 Technical Assistance - ONATRA 4.2 13.0 17.2 6.1 Fund Training and - SNCZ 3.7 11.0 14.7 5.2 Retirement Fund Base Cost 30.9 202.2 233.1 83J Physical Contingencies 3.0 21.9 24.0 8.5 Price Contingencies 2.8 20.2 23.0 8.2 Total Cost 36.7 243.4 280.1 100.0 Financing Plant Locl Foreln Total As S of ---- (US l n) ----------- Total IDA credit 4.7 70.3 75.0 26.8 AfDB - 91.6 91.6 32.8 Belgium - 24.1 24.1 8.6 CCCE - 36.2 36.2 12.9 ERC - 6.2 6.2 2.2 KfW - 15.0 15.0 5.3 ONATRA 15.2 - 15.2 5.1 SNCZ 16.8 _-1.8 _6.3 36.7 2U3.4 280.1 100.0 - vUi - Schedule B Page 1 of 2 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FIRST TRANSPORT REHABILITATION PIOJECT (ONATRAISNCZ) ---------Procurement Method-------- ICB LCB Other N.A. Total ---_------------ (US$ mill ions)-------------- ONATRA (a) Port Civil Works 8.0 1.6 9.6 (7.0) (0.7) (7.7) (b) Crane rehabilitation 11.8 11.8 (c) Port equipment 7.0 2.4 9.4 (7.0) (2.4) (9.4) (d) River craft, and shipyard 23.1 23.1 equipment (e) CFM3 Equipment and works 1.8 16.2 18.0 (1.8) (1.8) (f) Containerization VN 4.0 4.0 (3.6) (3.6) (g) Information systems 8.6 8.6 (h) Technical assistance 3.9 7.5 11.4 (6.8) (6.8) (i) Studies 2.2 2,2 (1.1) (1.1) (j) Human Resourca3 2.1 3.0 5.1 (1.1) (1.5) (2.6) TOTAL ONATRA 34.7 1.6 54.2 12.7 103.2 (20.5) (0.7) (2.4) (9.4) (33.0) SNCZ (a) Materials for works 12.4 26.3 38.7 (12.4) (12.4) (b) Execution of works 44.0 44.0 (23.1) (23.1) (c) Heavy equipment 15.3 15.3 (d) Locomotives and spares 45.6 45.6 (e) Wagon spares 6.2 6.2 (f) Information systems 11.0 11.0 (g) Technical assistance 12.1 12.1 (5.0) (5.0) (h) Human Resources 4.0 4.0 (1.5) (1.5) TOTAL SNCZ 56.4 0.0 104.4 16.1 176.9 (35.5) 0.0 (0.0) (6.5) (42.0) TOTAL PROJECT COST 91.1 1.6 158.6 28.8 280.1 (56.9) (0.7) (2.4) (15.9) (75.0) Notes Figures in parenthesis are the respective aounts finutAed by IDA. - ~~~~~~~~- vii i - Schedule B page 2 of 2 REPBI OF ZAR FIRST TRANSPORT REAIITAL IRO MROECTOARAISNCZ) Allocated Amoant of Credit CateROrr USS Million 1/ S ONATRA SNCZ (M) Civil works 7.7 23.1 801 of expenditures for ONATRA, and 1001 of expenditures for SNCZ. (ii) Spare parts, supplies, 14.8 12.4 1002 of foreign materi3l and equipment expenditures; or 801 of local expenditures for exfactory costs and 751 of local expenditures of other items procured locally. (iii) Technical assistance, 7.9 5.0 1OO1 of foreign consultants, data expenditures. processing, studies (iv) Training fellowships, 2.6 1.5 1001 expenditures. teaching materials and staff retirement program 33.0 42.0 1 11 Include unallocated amounts. Estimated Disbursement of IDA Creditt …--------------(us$ million)--------------- IDA Fr: 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 Annual 7.6 16.4 18.0 15.2 11.4 4.9 1.5 Cummulative 7.6 24.0 32.0 57.2 68.6 73.5 75.0 - 1*c- Schedule C Page 1 of 2 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE STTRANSPRT REHABILITATION PROJECT (ONATRAISNCZ) Timetable of K&v Processing Events (a) Time taken to prepare s 2 years (b) Prepared by I OATRA and SNCZ with support of technical assistance and consultants. (c) Identification s October 1986 (d) Appraisal 2 March 1988 (e) Date for negotiations s July 10, and October 11, 1988 (f) Planned date of March 21, 1989 Board presentation (g) Planned date of June 1, 1989 effectiveness Schedule C Page 2 of 2 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE FIRST TRANSPORT REHABILITATION PROJECT (ONATRA/SNCZ) List of Relevant PCRs and PPARs - First Highway Project - PPARS (1978) - Joint Second and Third Highway projects and River Transport and First Rail/River Project PPARS (October 1983) - Fourth Highway Project PCR (January 1985) - xi - NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROJECT Schodule D STATUS OF BANKROUP OPERATIONS IN ZAIRE rago 1 o 2 A. STATEMENT OF AN LOANS AND IDA CREDITS (Novembor 30, 1988) Loan or Amount In US8 Million Credit Year ------------------------- number Signod Borrover Bank IDA (1) Undiebursd Prior to Congo a Transport A Jun. 1960 Otraco Intrastructure 91.58 (2) One Loan Fully Disbured 100.00 Twenty sven Credits (including one SFA) Fully Disbursed 417.70 796 1978 REPUBLIC Of ZAIRE Oil Palm 7.31 0.96 1040 1980 DEPT OF AGR Small Holder maize 11.00 1.06 1089 1981 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Kwilu Ngongo Sugar 26.40 0.18 1180 1982 ONATRA ONATRA Modernization 28.00 9.49 1278 1982 SOFIDE Sixth DFC 21.60 8.18 825 1983 REPULIC Of ZAIRE North East Rural Dev. 13.00 4.80 1385 1993 ONATRA Ports Rehabilitation 25.00 8.13 1409 1988 MIN MINES AND ENERGY Petroleum Sector T.A. 4.60 0.87 1421 1984 MIN MINES AND ENERGY Ruzizi II Hydroelectric 15.00 1.00 1475 1994 SNCZ Railways II 28.00 12.38 1492 1984 SOFIDE Seventh DFC 86.00 2.14 1519 1984 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Education T.A. 9.00 8.45 1640 1985 REPUBLIC Of ZAIRE Lulua Agricultural Dev. 12.60 14.95 A 00 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Sixth Highway 30.00 14.69 180 1986 REPUILIC OF ZAIRE Sixth Highway 56.00 81.87 1609 1986 REPUBLIC OP ZAIRE Seeds 14.90 13.18 1685 1988 SOFIDE Eighth DFC 50.00 46.47 1712 1986 SNEL Second Power 37.00 29.91 L2682 1986 CECAMINES Cocamines Rehabilitation 110.00 100.88 1781 1987 GVT/RVM AND RVF Navigation Improvement 27.60 29.86 1790 1987 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE South Shaba Agric Dev. 4.40 4.08 1791 1987 GYT ZAIRE/SSES Small Enterprise Dev. 25.00 24.18 A 080 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Structural Adjustment Cr. 94.80 49.38 1981 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Structural Adjustment Cr. 65.00 27.18 1982 1980 REPUBLUC OF ZAIRE Econ A Fin Mgt Institutions 12.00 9.80 1889 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Higher Education Rational. 11.00 10.48 e*19S9 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Third Water supply 45.00 44.64 *l19S8 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE National AIDS Control Prog 8.10 9.47 .1958 1988 REPUBLIC OF ZAIRE Agric Sector Mgt Alnet Dev. 11.60 12.80 Subtotal active projects: 110.00 714.11 648.20 Total loss cancellations: 801.58 1181.81 of which has been repaid 117.90 7.82 Total outstanding incl. undisbursed: 183.68 1123.99 (8) Amount sold : 54.47 of which has beon repaid S4.47 Total now hold by Bank and IDA (1) : 28.86 838.88 (8) Total undisbursed : 100.U8 447.84 (3) Not yot signed. es Not yot effective. (1) US$ mounts for credits 1089-ZR and onwards are computed at rate of negotiations dates. (2) Guaranteed by the Kingdom of Belgium. (3) Sum of Total now held by IDA and Total Undisbursed Is higher than Total Outstanding because of depreciation of the USI. zm Stataman nof IFC TnIn tn Zare as gO December S. 19811 Fiscal Busine rtolanal Investment IFC Ho1ldin TO"al Year CnU £_ LEn aty Loa ITAL Euik Lon, To Ud UDsbuko --U S8 m illion equlvnlent----.--- 1970 Sofde Development Bank 0.8 - 0.8 0.8 - 0.8 1979 ZXlre Gultf Ol Oil - 2.6 2.6 - - - - Co. 1979 Zaire Petrolem Oil - 1.6 1.8 Co. 1982 Aluzaire Aluminum - 0.8 0.8 - - - Consortium (Promotional) 2984 Sotide Development Bank 0.5 - 0.6 0.5 - 0.5 1986 Grands Hotels Hotel - 15.0 16.0 - 12.8 12.8 du Zalre 1986 Sotexkl Textl les 0.4 11.8 12.2 0.4 10.8 11.2 -, 1985 Sotexa: Cotton Farm 0.1 - 0.1 - - - (Promotional) 1987 Utexatrica Toxtiles - 14.2 14.2 - 18.6 18.5 8.6 Tot"l -- .AL .72Z AI I3l .8L j X 0 m O tD | l l 1e El- S ' Ee T AI . ~~./ ~~~~~CIEAD, SUDAN I ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 -M 9 -1t -w 5 I1, NIGEfIA1~C r J CENTRA RICAN REPUBLIC SUDAN N CINAEA U DA mm ~~~~~~~~~~~N~ ZAIRE ITANIANL. HAUT-ZAI, | A rEorLe E CONGOIAT S, {2 _ q EA i~~~ ~ - !W- BUS pa * ( &A5t - - L HAUT-ZAZAIRE I ~~~~~~E RE_mr-w / .~ SlI \ / -0 ANGOLA ( -o- 20 30 30 r B I ~~,~.ep1,OZ A IIR E \ ~~~TRANSPORTATION NETWORK .. n\ ~~Vote Nationale \/i; t'5 R A ;ttAVJ / ,Nkt ,C tZ AM BIlA . > D ~~~~~Mo. Ec-th/Gk R.*ds t 'i' . 1 / Rvilnx .t f ^5". b t 7,./ 'E= RERE. 4~ FERNj ,Ri/ C° tnEs ZAMBIA / --~~~~~~~- RoEn e | dsd ZAIWRE'$ DOMESTIC COPPER EXPORT CORRIDOR: NATIONAL WAY.i- -UE 1986