April 2019 Environmental Assessment and Management Framework Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture (OIIPCRA) The Project Director Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture OIIPCRA: OCTDMS Water Resources Department Government of Odisha Table of Content LIST OF ABBREVIATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- V CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.2 PROJECT AREA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1.3 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE (PDO) AND COMPONENTS -------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.4 PROJECT COMPONENTS / SUB-COMPONENTS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 1.5 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 1.6 PROJECT DURATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 1.7 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF EMF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 1.8 APPROACH AND OUTPUT--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 1.9 STRUCTURE OF THE DOCUMENT (INCLUDING EMF COMPONENTS) ----------------------------------------------------------- 7 PART A – ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 CHAPTER 2: APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS --------------------------------------------- 10 2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, LAWS AND REGULATIONS ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 2.1.1 List of Regulatory Clearance Requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 2.2 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 CHAPTER 3: STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3.1 PROJECT AREA COVERAGE UNDER ASSESSMENT------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 3.2 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3.3 STAKEHOLDER’S CONSULTATION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 3.3.1 Stakeholder’s Concern / Opinion ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 CHAPTER 4: ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 4.1 PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 5.1 INTRODUCTION------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 5.2 OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 PART B – ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ------------------------------------------------------------- 41 CHAPTER 6: MITIGATION MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ------------------------------------------------- 42 6.1 GENERAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 6.2 SALIENT FEATURES OF EMF --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 6.2.1 Environmental Screening ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 6.2.2 Non-permissible Activities -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 6.2.3 Overview of Management Framework ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 6.2.4 Inclusion of EMP in Bid Document ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 6.2.5 Monitoring ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 CHAPTER 7: INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT, CAPACITY BUILDING AND BUDGET ------------------------------ 63 7.1 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT OF EMF ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 7.2 IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS OF EMF ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 7.3 REPORTING SYSTEM FOR EMF------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 7.4 CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN FOR EMF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 68 7.5 OVERALL BUDGET FOR EMF IMPLEMENTATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 CHAPTER 8: DISCLOSURE OF ESMF --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 71 List of Table TABLE 1: PROJECT PARTICULARS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 TABLE 2: DETAILS OF MINOR IRRIGATION PROJECT CONSIDERED UNDER OIIPCRA -------------------------------------------------------- 3 TABLE 3: APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS AND SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT ------------------------------ 10 TABLE 4: LIST OF REGULATORY CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 TABLE 5: OPERATIONAL POLICIES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROJECT -------------------------------------------------------------- 19 TABLE 6: DETAILS OF STAKEHOLDERS OF THE PROJECT, CHARACTERISTICS, ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ------------------------------- 21 TABLE 7: DATE WISE CONSULTATION CARRIED OUT WITH DIFFRENT STAKEHOLDERS ------------------------------------------------------ 22 TABLE 8: STAKEHOLDERS CONCERN ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 TABLE 9: ENVIRONMENT BASELINE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 TABLE 10: PROJECT COMPONNET AND ACTIVITY WISE POTENTIAL NEGETIVE IMPACTS --------------------------------------------------- 34 TABLE 11: SCREENING CHECKLIST (PLANNING STAGE) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 TABLE 12: LIST OF NON-PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES UNDER OIIPCRA------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44 TABLE 13: PROJECT COMPONENT AND ACTIVITY WISE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES INCLUDING MONITORING DETAILS ------ 45 TABLE 14: RESPONSIBILITY OF EMF IMPLEMENTATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 65 TABLE 15: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR EMF IMPLMENTATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 TABLE 16: CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN ON EMF IMPLEMENTATION ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 TABLE 17: ISSUES RAISED IN ESMF DISCLOSURE WORKSHOP AND ISSUE ADDRESSED IN ESMF ----------------------------------------- 71 List of Figure FIGURE 1: ODISHA MAP SHOWING PROJECT DISTRICTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 FIGURE 2: INSITITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT FOR EMF -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 FIGURE 3: EMF IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 67 List of Abbreviation ABSOs Agri-Business Support Organizations ACZs Agro-Climatic Zones APD Additional Project Director ASI Archaeological Survey of India ATMA Agricultural Technology Management Agency BDL below detectable limit BoQ Bill of Quantity C&D Construction and Demolition Waste CCA Culturable Command Area CCF Chief Conservator of Forests CIB & RC Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committees CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CRZMA Coastal Regulation Zone Management Authority CtE Consent to Establish CtO Consent to Operate DFO Divisional Forest Officer DLPMT District Level Project Monitoring Team DAFE Department of Agriculture and Farmers Empowerment DoC Department of Cooperation DoF Directorate of Fisheries DoWR Department of Water Resources EA environmental assessment EHS Environmental Health and Safety E-MAP Environmental Monitoring Action Plan EMF Environment Management Framework EMP Environmental Management Plan ESZs Eco Sensitive Zones FGD Focused Group Discussions FPC Farmer Producer Company FPO Farmer Producer Organizations FSHG Female Self Help Group GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse Gas GoO Government of Odisha GPS Global Positioning System HFL Highest Flood Level HTL High Tide Line ID crops Irrigated Dry crops IFS Integrated Farming System IMC Indian Major Carps INM Integrated Nutrition Management INR Indian Rupee IPM Integrated Pest Management IPNM Integrated Pest and Nutrition Management Plan IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management LTL Low Tide Line M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MIP Minor Irrigation Project MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change NABL National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories O&M Operations and Maintenance OCTDMS Orissa Community Tank Development and Management Society OCTMP Odisha Community Tanks Management Project OIIPCRA Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture OP Operational Policy OSPCB Odisha State Pollution Control Board OUAT Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology PCR Physical Cultural Resources PD Project Director PDO Project Development Objective PFC Primary Fishers Cooperative PHM Post-Harvest Management PMKSY Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana POM Project Operational Manual PP Pani Panchayat PUC Pollution Under Control SDSO State Dam Safety Organization SHGs Self Help Group SPCB State Pollution Control Board SPU State Project Unit SRI System of Rice Intensification TA Technical Assistance TDS Total dissolved solids TEL Threshold Effect Level TPP thermal power plant TSDF Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization WHO World Health Organization WUA Water Users Associations Executive Summary Agricultural growth in Odisha has been comparatively low to ensure long-term food security. A reasonable agriculture growth may contribute to reducing malnutrition and poverty, especially in rural areas, where more than 80 percent of the state’s poor reside. Dilapidated irrigation structures, inadequate management of water and effect of climate change has also crippled agricultural productivity in Odisha. Govt. of Odisha through Orissa Community Tank Development and Management Society (OCTDMS) is preparing “Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture” with financial support from the World Bank, to increase farm productivity and increase household income in a sustainable manner. Under OIIPCRA 538 minor irrigation (MI) Projects will be rehabilitated (renovation of dilapidated irrigation structures, field channels, weakened bank linings, et.) and, modern sustainable and climate resilient agriculture and horticulture practices will be promoted. The project will be implemented over a period of 6 years in 98 blocks spread across 15 districts of Odisha by OCTDMS. The project will be jointly implemented by the Department of Water Resource (DoWR), Department of Agriculture and Farmer Empowerment (DAFE), Directorate of Fisheries (DoF), Odisha State Agricultural Marketing Board (OSAMB), and Panchayat Raj, with each entity taking the lead on project activities for which they have the institutional mandate. DAFE will take the lead on activities related to project sub-component 1.1: Climate-Smart Intensification and Diversification of Production and 1.3: Support to Diversification and Produce Marketing (working collaboratively with OSAMB on produce developing market intelligence systems and use of e-NAM (National Agriculture Market- an online trading platform for agricultural commodities in India). DoF will be the lead agency on activities in support of aquaculture production as proposed in sub-component 1.2 - Support to Aquaculture Production; while activities on improving access to irrigation and water productivity as defined under component 2 will be led by the DoWR, working together with Panchayat Raj on Gram Panchayat tanks. Implementation of activities proposed under Component-3 will be led by the office of the Agriculture Production Commissioner (APC). An environmental assessment was carried out to identify and assess potential environmental risks associated with the project and develop an environmental management framework to mitigate any adverse environmental impact and enhance any positive environmental impacts that may arise from the project. Baseline datafor both physical as well as biological environment within the tank and tank command area were assessed for environmental parameters. Nine (9) minor irrigation (MI) tanks representing all seven types of Agro Climatic Zone and four river basins covering entire project area was considered on sample basis for primary level baseline environmental assessment. It was found that irrigation efficiency of these sample minor irrigation projects (MIPs) have decreased significantly due to accumulation of aquatic weeds and silt deposit. During preparation of the environmental management framework (EMF), stakeholder consultations and discussions were held with community-based organizations such as Pani Panchayat (PPs), Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), women’s groups, fisherfolk in nine sites across seven project districts. Discussions were also held with key institutions of Government of Odisha, including Department of Minor Irrigation, Department of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Department of Forestry, State Dam Safety Organization (SDSO) among others. The key impacts associated with the project financed activities include: the incremental increase in pesticide and fertilizer use; ensuring safety of existing large dams and their associated structures; water quality impacts associated with pisciculture and incremental pesticide, fertilizer usage; disposal of top soil/ earth material generated from digging of bore well and re-sectioning of MI tank; disposal of residual waste like sand, stone chip, metal, wood chips, plastic (from packing material) generated due to construction and demolition activity; dust and noise impact on sensitive receptors like school, health care centre; odour pollution from biodegradable fish waste generated from fish processing activity, food waste, improper dumping of aquatic weeds, and general health impact on workers due to civil works in the rehabilitation of tanks and irrigation systems. The focus of the project is to rehabilitate and modernize existing irrigation systems, hence activities will be limited and localized and managed with proper mitigation measures and good engineering design and construction management practices. A detailed analysis of safeguard issues and impacts associated with the project has been carried out as part of the preparation of Environmental Management Framework. The assessment reveals no large scale, significant and/or irreversible impacts due to the proposed project interventions. The project will screen for and avoid undertaking activities that may cause negative impacts on natural habitats, physical cultural resources (PCR) and sensitive environmental receptors. Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) are prepared for dam safety, pest and nutrient management, civil works and pisciculture to manage associated impacts. The state has an effective dam safety programme in place, with a dam safety panel constituted, and institutional arrangements agreed with Govt. of Odisha (GoO) for OIIPCRA to ensure dam safety in 13 dams above 10 m height identified in the project. Civil works EMP provides mitigation measures to address all related environmental issues like disposal of silt, weed waste and C&D waste generated from construction and renovation work is developed. Training will be provided to farmers, members of PP, SHG, PFC, etc. on implementation of Integrated Pest and Nutrition Management Plan (IPNM), sustainable climate resilient agriculture and pisciculture practices. The State Project Unit (SPU) established within DoWR is responsible for day-to-day management and coordination of project activities. The SPU will be headed by a Project Director and will be staffed with experts in procurement, financial management, environment and social safeguards, M&E as well as other technical skills e.g. agribusiness, fisheries, etc., that are needed for effective project implementation. At the district level, there will be a District Project Management Team (DPMT), comprising of the Executive Engineer – Minor Irrigation, Project Director Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA), Deputy Director – Horticulture, Deputy Fisheries Officer, and the Executive Engineer – Panchayati Raj. The office of the APC will ensure inter-departmental coordination and integration of workplans and budgets, and effective monitoring of project progress and outcomes. The District Project Management Team, will be chaired by the DC, and will be charged with project execution. The monitoring cell established in the office of the DC will be responsible for regular tracking of project activities at the district level. A Project Steering Committee (PSC) comprising the Principal Secretaries of Department of Finance, DoWR, DAFE, DoF, Panchayat Raj, and OSAMB, and chaired by Chief Secretary, will be established to provide overall strategic and policy guidance during project implementation and to approve annual workplans and budgets. The PSC will meet at least twice a year to review overall implementation progress. The EMF includes detailed budget provisions for mitigation measures and capacity building, monitoring and reporting requirements at all levels of project implementation, and concurrent and periodic monitoring and evaluation. Environment specialist the SPU will support the overall implementation of the EMF in the project. The Environment specialist together with the sector specialists, will carry out the requisite monitoring, reporting, and capacity building activities. Additionally, district-level nodal officers of respective line department will support periodic monitoring in association with sectoral experts and Environment Specialist of the SPU. External M&E agency will carry our concurrent monitoring of EMP implementation on quarterly basis and conduct mid and end term evaluation and an external QC/QA agency will be responsible for the quality check of civil works. Capacity building programme across all implementing agencies will be provided to support effective environment, health and safety management practices and integration of the EMPs in the proposed interventions. Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Project Background Even after transition from a predominantly agro-based economy, agriculture remains a key sector, providing employment and livelihoods to more than 62 percent of the population, and contributing close to 20 percent to the Odisha State’s GDP. Like much of India, agricultural growth in Odisha has been low1, and inadequate to ensure food security2, effectively contribute to reducing malnutrition3, and reduce poverty, especially in rural areas4, where more than 80 percent of the state’s poor reside. Key constraints to improve agricultural sector growth include: • Low productivity: For example, an average farm in Odisha produces only 58 percent, 47 percent, and 22 percent respectively, of the demonstrably achievable yields of paddy, pulses, and sesame; • Limited diversification: Between 2014-2017, for example, the total area devoted to food grains in Odisha increased, while the area under spices, vegetables, fruits, and floriculture - a proxy for diversification - declined5; • Limited access to reliable irrigation: of the total cultivable area of 8.7 million hectares (ha), only 1.9 million is under irrigation. Only 34 percent6 of the total irrigation potential of 5.5 million ha has been developed, and groundwater use is negligible despite generally high groundwater levels that in some places lead to waterlogging and flooding; • Inadequate management of water resources: Weaknesses exist in the management of ground and surface water, which comes at a high cost in view of climate change. There is limited stakeholder involvement in decision making on water, and a zero-sum approach to irrigation rehabilitation even in cases where there is scope for win-win outcomes in terms of water availability; • Dysfunctional or non-existent value chains for important crops: Supply chains for most crops are fragmented and uncoordinated, often involving multiple layers of intermediaries in some places, and no players in many other places. Additionally, there are no reliable market information systems to inform farmers’ decisions on production and marketing; and 1 Averaging 2.8 percent per year between 2011-2017, but also characterized by negative growth every alternate year 2 Based on the Food Security Outcome Index, out of Odisha’s 30 districts, only 1 is food secure, 5 are moderately secure, 6 moderately insecure, 13 severely insecure and 5 extremely insecure 3 34 percent and 20 percent of children <5 are stunted and wasted respectively, and 8 percent are severely malnourished. 4 About 36 percent of the rural population continue to subsist below the poverty line. 5 Government of Odisha, 2018: Odisha Economic Survey of 2017-18. 6 PAD of OIIPCRA Page 1 of 78 • Weaknesses in institutional planning and coordination: There is suboptimal coordination and cooperation among Government of Odisha (GoO) departments with the joint responsibility of implementing programs in support of agricultural growth (i.e. Department of Agriculture and Farmer Empowerment - DAFE, Department of Water Resources - DoWR, Department of Fishery and Animal Resources Development, Department of Cooperation - DoC, and the Department of Energy). This has often led to inefficient integration, implementation and delivery of services to farmers, thus undermining the impact of government interventions. In this context, Odisha faces a complex and interconnected constellation of challenges in agriculture: improving sector growth to ensure food security, better nutrition outcomes and double farmers’ income, managing its water resources in a more sustainable manner while avoiding climate change impacts and reducing sector GHG emissions - to lessen both the extent of climate change and future needs for adaptation. The proposed Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture (OIIPCRA) contributes to these ongoing efforts. The proposal is to support: (i) improved crop productivity for food security and income growth; (ii) farmer adoption of resilient agricultural practices and technologies (both adaptation and mitigation); (iii) diversification7, especially during the Rabi (winter) season and for some areas under upland rice in Kharif (monsoon), for income growth, improved nutrition and adaptation to climate change; (iv) more efficient water use and, better quality and reliability of irrigation service delivery; (v) a better framework for more efficient and sustainable management of surface - and groundwater resources; and (vi) improved produce marketing in 15 districts in Odisha. The districts are selected mainly because of high poverty levels, vulnerability to droughts and limited access to reliable irrigation services. Table 1: Project Particulars Project Title Odisha Integrated Irrigation Project for Climate Resilient Agriculture (OIIPCRA) Proponent Water Resources Department, Govt. of Odisha Project Development Objective To intensify and diversify agriculture production, enhance climate resilience and improve water productivity in selected cascades of Odisha Financial Support Govt. of India, Govt. of Odisha and The World Bank Number of Project Districts 15 Districts No. of Agro-Climatic Zones Seven Agro-Climatic Zones (ACZs) Covered River Basin 4 Nos. No. of Blocks 98 blocks No. of MIPs 538 Designed Command Area (in Ha.) 56,293 (Kharif) and 6, 543 (Rabi) Life Span of the Project 6 Years 1.2 Project Area The project is planned to be executed in 15 districts of the State which is 50.0 percent of the total districts of the State (Odisha is having 30 administrative districts). The project has identified 538 minor irrigation tanks which will be taken up for intervention, covering a total geographical area of 1.03 lakh ha. spread over 98 blocks of 15 districts. The project intends to minimize the current gap ayacut, improve water use efficiency, enhance water productivity, strengthening participatory irrigation management system and support in facilitating climate resilience in the tank command and beyond. 7 We define diversification as reducing the emphasis on food grains and increasing the share of high-value agriculture. This will be done taking into account the country policy intent to shift rice production to relatively more water-abundant states like Odisha. Page 2 of 78 Figure 1: Odisha map showing project districts Table 2: Details of Minor Irrigation Project considered under OIIPCRA District Reservoirs Diversion Weirs No. of Catchment Kharif Rabi No. of Catchment Kharif Rabi Projec in Sq. Km Designed CCA Designed Projec in Sq. Km Designed CCA Designed t (Ha) CCA (Ha) t (Ha.) CCA (Ha.) Balangir 15 165.18 3288 623 6 132.51 1521 0 Balasore 1 1.5 42 0 5 51 414 0 Bargarh 19 76.48 1838 279 5 20.95 388 0 Bhadrak 1 3 40 0 12 104.3 1316 60 Boudh 10 18.96 755 0 0 0 0 0 Gajapati 3 16.22 351 121 0 0 0 0 Ganjam 207 519.42 13704.5 591 44 589.83 4445.2 131 Jajpur 0 0 0 0 3 41.6 348 0 Kalahandi 21 74.85 1456 222 15 106.75 2099 202 Kandhamal 1 3.89 109 20 5 22.19 343 30 Keonjhar 33 291.79 9066 2422 16 186.72 2949 635 Mayurbhanj 74 255.57 6397 733 33 414.04 4869 316 Nabarangpur 3 3.56 125 8 0 0 0 0 Nuapada 1 1.05 45 0 1 2.5 41 0 Subarnpur 2 3 94 0 0 0 0 0 Total 391 1434.47 37310.5 5019 145 1672.39 18733.2 1374 Note: Two (2) nos. of creeks with cumulative catchment area of 61 sq.m, kharif design CCA of 250 Ha. and rabi design CCA of 150 Ha. located at Jajpur district are also included under OIIPCRA project for intervention. 1.3 Project Development Objective (PDO) and Components The project objectively looks at restoration / improvement of the existing irrigation systems, minimize run-off loss, increase water availability in the water bodies within the basin / sub-basins, minimize the gap ayacut with improvement in demand and supply side management, strengthening irrigated agriculture system and over and above improve climate resilience in agriculture sector with water Page 3 of 78 conservation and management. The project intends to completely restore and renovate the irrigation projects to be taken up in and around four important river basins at the state level. The Project Development Objective is “to intensify and diversify agriculture production, enhance climate resilience and improve water productivity in selected cascades of Odisha ”. The proposed project will focus on small and marginal farmers, Water Users Associations (WUA / PP), Farmer Producer Organizations (FPO / FPC) and other agricultural entrepreneurs, including women and other vulnerable groups. The project has four components, i.e., (1) Project Component A: Climate-Smart Intensification and Diversification of Production, (2) Component B: Improving Access to Irrigation and Water Productivity, (3) Component C: Institutional Capacity Strengthening, and (4) Component D: Project Management. The Component (A) has three sub-components, i.e., (1) Sub-component A.1: Support to Improved Productivity and Climate Resilience, (2) Sub-component A.2: Support to Fish Production and (2) Sub-component A.3: Support to Diversification and Produce Marketing. Component (B) has two sub-components, i.e., (1) Sub-Component B.1: Support to Water Sector Reforms, and (2) Sub- Component B.2: Support to Investments in Cascades. 1.4 Project Components / Sub-Components The project components and sub-components are discussed below. Component A: Climate-Smart Intensification and Diversification of Production The objective of this component is to increase agricultural productivity, strengthen the capacity of organized farmer groups to cope or adapt to climate change stresses affecting crop production, and diversify production in Rabi in response to effective demand as expressed by pre-identified commercial off-takers or gleaned from other reliable market signals. Support under this component is proposed to be organized around two mutually inclusive, overlapping and reinforcing subcomponents. Sub-component A.1: Support to Improved Productivity and Climate Resilience The objectives of the sub-component in the agriculture sector (agriculture and horticulture) are; (i) Reduce the cost of production; (ii) Enhance productivity and climate resilience through technology adoption; (iii) Crop diversification towards market oriented high value crops and (iv) Promote agribusiness through supply chain management and value chain improvement. In this context, the project plans to take up agriculture and horticulture interventions along with Agri-business interventions. The sub-component objectively looks at promoting agricultural technologies that are sustainable and climate resilient vis-à-vis supports improving income of the farmers. Specific interventions under the project area, (1) promotion of climate resilient seed varieties, (2) Demonstration of climate resilient technologies, (3) Strengthening the extension system, (4) Price forecasting of different commodities, (5) establishment of market infrastructures / processing units, (6) organizing and strengthening farmer’s groups, and (7) capacity building of different stakeholders. This sub-component will be executed by the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Empowerment (DAFE) (the Directorate of Agriculture & Food Production and the Directorate of Horticulture are the implementing agencies for agriculture and horticulture interventions, respectively). Sub-component A.2: Support to Fish Production The project intends to have a holistic approach, in terms of fishery promotion in the project tanks. The project approach to intervene in providing end to end solution, i.e., from seed production to market Page 4 of 78 linkage where capacity building will be a cross cutting in all the project activities. Based on the feasibility of the tanks, the project will focus on seed promotion augmentation of inland species, improvement of existing hatcheries, establishment of captive nurseries, fish production and management support and facilitating marketing of the produce by providing facilities to the fishermen folk. The fishery sector intervention objectively looks at (1) increasing the income of fishers by utilizing project tanks / water bodies, (2) propagation of scientific fish farming technologies among the fishers for improved production, (3) strengthening pure line fish seed production and supply chain management, (4) demonstrating intensive and semi-intensive fish farming in the ponds in the project area for higher return to the fishers, (5) strengthening post-harvest management through infrastructure and support to fishers; and (6) support to selected Fishermen Cooperatives and Government Institutions for fishery-based enterprise. Sub-component A.3: Support to Diversification and Produce Marketing The objective of this subcomponent is twofold: (i) support farmers to reduce the current emphasis on food grains (especially paddy and wheat) and increase the share of high-value agriculture (e.g. fruits, spices and vegetables) in their overall production structure; and (ii) improve produce marketing to reduce price risks associated with diversification, increase incomes, and ensure sustained farmer adoption of CSA practices. A successful shift in favor of more diversified production would also result into improved nutrition outcomes for farmers and the broader community, help reduce the water footprint of paddy, foster biodiversity, and strengthen resilience of the production systems to climate change. Under this component, the project would fund Technical Assistance (TA) to the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Empowerment to promote and build productive alliance models for these and other competitive value chains that could emerge during implementation. To support productive alliances, the project will provide funding for (i) increasing farmer awareness of diversification opportunities; (ii) continuous identification of competitive value chains; (iii) farmer experimentation with new crops and training/demonstration of relevant production technologies; (iv) training farmers on production and marketing skills (including on input sourcing, production, aggregation, and new technologies, among others); (v) business plan development; (vi) fostering linkages with the financial sector or other government programs for access to credit; and (vii) financing – on a cost-sharing basis – of selected productive investments identified in the business plans. Project support to crop diversification will be based on agronomic/agro-ecological suitability, comparative advantage of specific cascades, local and national or international market opportunities. Component B: Improving Access to Irrigation and Water Productivity Access to reliable irrigation is generally critical to enhancing crop productivity, building resilience to climate change, promoting diversification and access to markets, specifically in the targeted project areas that are characterized by frequent droughts and rainfall variability. The objective of this component is “to increase water use efficiency, reduce water losses and save water during Kharif season, and transfer these savings to Rabi season.” To realize this objective, the project will support modernization of hydraulic assets, institutional reforms, and capacity strengthening. Sub-Component B.1: Support to Water Sector Reforms Crop diversification and intensification require a higher quality of irrigation service delivery to meet the requirements of grown crops. Traditional arrangements for irrigation management often lack the capacities and incentives to deliver these improved services. The project will pursue institutional Page 5 of 78 reforms and strengthen decentralized irrigation system management along with incentivizing local Pani Panchayats/ Water User Association to deliver high performing irrigation and O&M services. Under this sub-component (1) project will support the introduction of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in one catchment on pilot basis, (2) regulation related to ground water extraction for irrigation will be reformed, (3) support the establishment of a PP support unit within the DoWR, (4) conduct a study into options for PPP in irrigation management to increase the efficiency of water use and improve the quality of irrigation service delivery. Sub-Component B.2: Support to Investments in Cascades Under this sub-component, the project will invest in the modernization of hydraulic assets. To that end, a comprehensive water assessment will be conducted in the Project cascades to identify opportunities for reducing water losses and for transferring the savings water for Rabi season. For each of these opportunities, the implications on downstream water use will be identified through preparation of a pre and post-project tank / cascade-wide water balance. Investments include strengthening of canal bunds, modernizing hydraulic canal structures, installation of field channels and sub-surface pressurized pipes, and developing groundwater extraction in safe zones. Component C: Institutional Capacity Strengthening This component will primarily strengthen the existing Pani Panchayats (PPs) / Water User Association formed under Odisha Pani Panchayat Act, 2002. Measures will be taken under the component to strengthen the functional and management capacity of the PPs by which they can take up management and maintenance of community-based irrigation infrastructures; apart from water distribution, regulation and efficient use of available water resources. Along with this, capacity building of other local institutions will be taken up such as Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), SHGs, etc. Apart from this, the project will take measures for capacity building of Engineers and other stakeholders associated in the project. This component will also support in strengthening OUAT, Bhubaneswar in terms of establishing different centres at the OUAT. Component D: Project Management This component will strengthen capacities for project management, monitoring and evaluation (M&E) (including, inter alia, the areas of procurement and financial management) through the provision of goods, consultant services, training, and financing of incremental operating costs. This component will also develop a comprehensive management information and data collection and reporting system on key performance outputs and impact indicators through baseline surveys, participatory assessments, mid-term reviews and final evaluations. Staffing of the SPU will include a number of technical, financial management, M&E and safeguards (social and environmental) experts. Detailed implementation arrangements will be spelled out in the Project Operational Manual (POM). Regular training of SPU staff will be organized to strengthen their capacities to implement the project. 1.5 Implementation Arrangement The project will be implemented by three line-departments, i.e., (1) Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha, (2) Department of Agriculture and Farmers Empowerment, Government of Odisha, and (3) Department of Fishery and Animal Resource Development, Government of Odisha, with clearly defined role and responsibilities. The State Project Unit (SPU), located within the Minor Irrigation Department office, will lead the implementation. A Technical Steering Committee, headed by the Chief Secretary, Government of Odisha will be the overall review and policy support system. At Page 6 of 78 the district level, the office of the Collector and District Magistrate will be the nodal to steer the project and there will be a district level committee, in the name of District Level Project Monitoring Team (DLPMT) to monitor and supervise the project activities. 1.6 Project Duration Proposed project will be implemented over a period of 6 years starting from 2019 to 2025. 1.7 Objective and Scope of EMF Principal objective of carrying out environmental assessment for development of Environment Management Framework (EMF) is to identify significant baseline environmental features and all possible impacts due to project implementation. Management framework for all identified environmental issues is prepared to manage identified issues/ challenges. Standalone plan on Integrated Pest and Nutrition Management (IPNM), and Fishery Management is also be developed as part of EMF. Environmental enhancement plan is also suggested to improve potential positive environmental impacts of the project interventions. Environmental assessment is objectively designed to prepare Environmental Management Framework (EMF) of the project, adhering to the World Bank Operational Policy (OP) and need of the project. This is a prerequisite to meet World Bank Safeguard Policies which will ensure that the project activities do not cause any adverse environmental impact and follow the applicable national and state regulations. The EMF is developed on the basis of environmental assessment in the identified project locations. 1.8 Approach and Output Environmental assessment and capacity assessment were conducted for preparation of EMF. Primary as well as secondary information were used for environmental assessment purpose. Secondary information were collected from respective Govt. departments, project authority and other published sources like internet. Internet based GPS survey was also carried out to ascertain different environmental features within project area. Total 9 MIPs were considered for collection of primary environmental information. All this information was analysed thoroughly to ascertain significant baseline environmental conditions. Anticipated environmental impacts due to implementation of project activities were assesses and suitable mitigation measures along with monitoring plan, implementation arrangement with budgetary provision is devised. A state level consultation workshop on disclosure of EMF was conducted to obtain feedback of different stakeholders. Representative from all concerned stakeholders were invited in this workshop. Recommendation and feedback of stakeholder’s is incorporated in draft version of EMF to make it final EMF. 1.9 Structure of the document (including EMF components) Report has four parts, common Introduction, Part A: Environmental Assessment, Part B: Environmental Management Framework and Annexures. Chapter 1: Background to the project, proposed activities and need and rationale for preparation of the EMF. Part A: Environmental Assessment Page 7 of 78 Chapter 2: Applicable law and regulation of Govt. of India, Govt. of Odisha and operational policies of the World Bank in relation with protection and sustainable management of environment are described. Regulatory clearance requirement for project implementation is also described. Chapter 3: Analysis of all stakeholder’s concern in relation with project implementation and operation from environmental point of view. Chapter 4: Summary of baseline environmental findings are provided. Detail description of baseline environmental condition is placed at Annexure III. Chapter 5: Anticipated negative impacts due to project implementation. Part B: Environmental Management Framework Chapter 6: Proposed mitigation measures to address all identified negative impacts due to project implementation are framed. Non-permissible activities as well as monitoring of mitigation measures, reporting system and mid-term and end-term audit requirement are also described. Chapter 7: Institutional arrangements, capacity building programme and EMF implementation budget are provided. Page 8 of 78 Part A – Environment Assessment Page 9 of 78 Chapter 2: Applicable Environmental Laws and Regulations Proposed OIIPCRA would be governed by various Acts, Rules and regulations enforced by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) at the Central level and other regulatory agencies at the State and local levels. Various environmental standards, specifications and guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and state level agencies will also be applicable. 2.1 Environmental Policies, Laws and Regulations The list of relevant environmental policies, laws and regulations by Government of India as well as State Govt. of Odisha and their applicability to the project is discussed in below Table. Table 3: Applicable Environmental Legislations and Specific Requirements for the Project Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. National Policies India’s Constitutional Article 48-A - lays down a MoEFCC, Applicable Provisions directive principle noting that the CPCB, Bio- state shall endeavour to protect diversity Board and improve the natural environment. Article 51-A - specify fundamental duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures National Conservation Policy emphasizes on sustainable MoEFCC, Applicable Strategy & Policy on and equitable use, prevent and CPCB, Bio- Environment & control future deterioration of diversity Board Development, 1992 environmental resources; take steps for restoration of ecologically degraded areas and for environmental improvement. National Objective of this policy is to Applicable Environmental Policy, conserve critical environmental 2006 resources, integration of environmental concerns in developmental process, efficient use of environmental resources, National Water Policy, Policy states that water should be Ministry of Applicable 2012 treated as an economic good so as Water to promote its conservation and Resources, efficient use and depletion of Govt. of India ground water should be arrested by introducing improved technologies of water use and incentivizing efficient water use National Agricultural The policy seeks to promote Applicable Policy, 2002 technically sound, economically viable, environmentally non- degrading use of natural resources – land, water and genetic Page 10 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. endowment to achieve sustainable development of agriculture. The policy while stressing on conjunctive use of surface and ground water intends to promote on-farm management of water resources to optimize use of irrigation potential National Policy of It stresses on rainwater harvesting Applicable Farmers, 2007 and aquifer recharge for ensuring sustainability of supply and the need for regulation and control of the development and management of ground water resources. State Policy State Agriculture One of the main objectives of this Applicable Policy, 2013 policy is adoption of INM, IPM, water management, farm mechanization and technology transfer; Odisha Food One of the main objectives of this Applicable Processing policy is to establish Food Policy’2016 Processing Parks and common facilities in terms of warehouses, cold storages, laboratories, packaging and reduce wastage State Action Plan on Objective is to reduce climate Climate - Applicable Climate Change 2015- vulnerability, mitigate Change Cell - (Intensification of agriculture 2020 greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, under may lead to GHG gas and enhance resilience and Department of emission, policy level changes adaptation capability. Total 12 Forest and will promote ground water sectors including Agriculture, Environment extraction for irrigation Fishery, Water Resource and purpose, renovation of Waste Management are irrigation structure will prioritized based on urgency, generate C&D waste, cleaning barriers, continuity and co- of MI tank to promote fishery benefits (emissions, livelihood which will generate aquatic resilience and environmental waste) benefits). A National Level 1. Water (Prevention and For the prevention and control of Odisha State - Applicable Control of Pollution) water pollution by controlling Pollution - There will be generation of Act, 1974, amended discharge of pollutants and Control Board wastewater and other water- 1988 and it’s maintaining or restoring of (OSPCB) based pollutants during Rules, 1975. wholesomeness of water as per construction and operations. prescribed standards. 2. Air (Prevention and For prevention, control and OSPCB - Applicable Control of Pollution) abatement of air pollution - Applicable for construction Act, 1981, amended activities. equipment and machinery’s 1987 and it’s potential to emit air pollution Rules, 1982. Establishes ambient air quality (including transporting standards. vehicles); - The project involves digging, spoil dumping, etc., which will generate fugitive dust. 3. Environmental To protect and improve overall MoEFCC, GoI - Applicable (Protection) Act, 1986 environment. Page 11 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. amended This is an umbrella legislation 1991 and associated This act essentially links pollution CPCB, for protecting the rules / notifications and natural resource issues. It OSPCB environment. Many rules/ seeks to supplement existing laws notifications are formed under on pollution control and also lays this act. As per this Act, the down standards for air quality and responsibility of administering noise. this legislation rests on the MoEFCC, Central Pollution For protection and improvement Control Board (CPCB), and of environment and the SPCB prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. a. EIA Notification, 2006 To provide environmental MoEFCC and - Not Applicable8. as amended in 2009 clearance to new development SEIAA, - This is renovation of existing and 2013, 2016 activities following an EIA. Odisha minor irrigation network. - None of the project activities Sets out the requirement for are included in the list of environmental clearance to new projects requiring development activities following Environmental Clearance. an EIA for specified activities/projects. b. Environment These rules include specifications OSPCB - Applicable (Protection) Rules, on: - Compliance with emission 1986 including -Standards for emissions or and disposal standards during amendments. discharge of environmental construction work. pollutants -Prohibitions and restrictions on the location of industries -Procedure for taking samples and submission of samples for analysis, -Prohibition and restriction on the handling of hazardous substances in different areas -Submission of environmental reports c. Municipal Solid Rules to manage municipal solid OSPCB - Not Applicable Wastes Management waste generated; provides rules This is applicable in municipal Rules, 2016 for segregation, storage, area. MIPs are located in rural collection, processing and areas. disposal. d. Construction and Rules to manage construction OSPCB - Applicable Demolition Waste waste resulting from construction, - Construction and demolition Management Rules, remodeling, repair and demolition waste generated from the 2016 of any civil structure. project works shall be managed and disposed as per the rules e. Hazardous and other - Rules defines and classifies CPCB and - Applicable Wastes (Management hazardous waste, and procedures OSPCB - Used engine oil, gear oil, and Transboundary for handling and storage hydraulic oil, spent oil, 8The Gazette of India, extraordinary, Part-II, and section (3), sub-section (II), Ministry of Environment and Forest dated 14th September, 2006 notification (S.O. 1533) reads that “… the required construction of new projects or activities or the expansion or modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification entailing capacity addition with change in process and or technology shall be undertaken in any part of India only after the prior environmental clearance from the Central Government or as the case may be, by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority,…”. Page 12 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. Movement) Rules, - Requires Pollution Control lubricants etc. will be 2015 Board’s consent for handling generated during construction, hazardous waste demolition and re-sectioning. - Provides procedures for recycling, reprocessing or reuse, import and export of HW - Rules for development of treatment, storage, disposal facility (TSDF) for hazardous wastes f. Noise Pollution Standards for permitted level of OSPCB - Applicable (Regulation and noise during the day and night - Noise will be generated Control) Act, 1990 and have been promulgated by the during project implementation Rules, 2000. MoEFCC for various uses. stage due to different activities like construction, operation The increasing noise level in and movement of vehicle, public places from various heavy equipment. sources have detrimental effects on humans and thereby it is considered necessary to regulate and control noise generating sources to maintain ambient air quality standards through a set of rules. The ambient air quality standards are achieved through enforcement of noise pollution control measures and restrictions on the use sound producing instruments. In case of any violation in silence zone area, complaints to be made to authority and power to prohibit continuance of music sound or noise also falls under within these rules g. Notification of Eco ESZs are of significant ecological Forest - Not applicable Sensitive Zones importance, and to conserve and Department, - None of the project activity (ESZs) protect the natural resources and GoO and falls within declared ESZ living beings, several zones are MoEFCC declared in the country as eco sensitive zones by notifications. Besides for specific reasons, buffer areas around protected areas (national park, wildlife sanctuaries etc.,) are also declared as ESZ in this notification. - Restriction of activities (including construction, tree cutting, etc.) in the notified zones -Any project activity located in ESZs will require prior permission from ESZ monitoring committee h Wetland (Conservation -For the protection of wetlands Central - Not applicable and Management) and restriction of certain activities Wetlands - None of the project activity Rules, 2010 within wetlands, provides a Regulatory area falls within the wetlands regulatory mechanism Authority listed under the Rules. Page 13 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. -Applies to protected wetlands notified under the rules (which include Ramsar sites; wetlands in ESZs /United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) sites, high altitudes, etc.) - Rules prohibit: reclamation of wetlands, expansion/ setting new industries, hazardous waste storage, disposal., discharge of untreated effluent, permanent construction within 50 m HFL, etc., -Activities such as the following are regulated: water withdrawal/diversion, treated effluent discharge, dredging, repair of existing infrastructure, buildings and construction i Coastal Regulation Protection of fragile coastal belts. Odisha Coastal - Not Applicable Zone (CRZ) Regulation - Proposed project is Notification, 2011 This supersedes the CRZ Zone renovation of existing Notification issued in 1991; to Management irrigation facilities with ensure livelihood security to the Authority promotion of pisciculture in fisher communities and other (CRZMA) irrigation tank. local communities, living in the coastal areas, to conserve and Proposed project activities are protect coastal stretches, its outside the CRZ demarcated unique environment, promote zone. sustainable development considering natural hazards, sea level rise due to global warming Declares coastal stretches as CRZ and restricts new construction, and industrial activities. CRZ (landward side) include the following: (i) land area from High Tide Line (HTL) to 500 m on the landward side on the sea front: (ii) land area between HTL to 100 m or width of creek whichever is less on the landward side along the tidal influenced water bodies connected to sea and; (iii) land area between HTL and LTL. Notification defines CRZ in I. II, III, IV Categories based on the environmental sensitivity and existing development. j Manufacture, Storage, - Defines hazardous chemicals Various - Not Applicable and Import of - Stipulates rules, procedures to agencies - (Use and storing of any kind Hazardous Chemical manufacture, storage and import of hazardous chemical beyond Rules, 1989 of hazardous chemicals permissible limit during - Requires permission, construction, or any other Page 14 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. authorization from various project activity, will trigger agencies if the total storage this rules) exceeds specified quantity; - Requires emergency management plan 4. Indian Wildlife To protect wildlife and preserve National Board - Not applicable, (Protection) Act, 1972 national parks and sanctuaries of Wildlife / amended State wildlife - None of the project activities 1993 and Rules An Act to provide comprehensive boards will be taken up in protected 1995; Wildlife protection of wild animals, birds areas. Project activities are (Protection) and plants. This would cover confined within tank Amendment Act, 2002 matters concerning appointment command area. of forest authorities, hunting of wild animals, protection of specified plants, conservation of national parks and sanctuaries, trade / commerce in relation to plants and animals and prevention of any offences. Wildlife protected areas are notified under this act. 5. Indian Forest Act, To check deforestation by MoEFCC - Not Applicable 1927 restricting conversion of forested Odisha Forest areas into non-forested areas Department - Proposed renovation of irrigation network and The Indian Forest Act 1927 was promotion of pisciculture will enacted to consolidate the law be restricted within design relating to forests, the transit of command area. Renovation forest-produce and the duty work will be undertaken leviable. Applies to reserved without disturbing or diverting forests, village forests, and any forest or forest fringe area. protected forests. This act also concerns lands not being the Proposed project activities property of government. Provides under OIIPCRA do not penalties and procedures with include any part of forest area. regard to all property, cattle trespasses and powers of Forest officers; declaration of forest areas (reserved, protected and village forests), and regulation of activities within the forests 6. Forest (Conservation) Act provides for conservation of MoEFCC - Not Applicable Act, 1980, forests Odisha Forest amendment 1988 Restricts the de-reservation of Department - Proposed renovation of forests or use of forest lands for irrigation network and non-forest purpose promotion of pisciculture will Non-forest purpose means be restricted within designed breaking up or clearing of any command area. Renovation forest land work will be undertaken without disturbing or diverting - Restricts use of forest lands for any forest or forest fringe area. non-forest purposes Proposed project activities - Requires prior permission to under OIIPCRA does not take up the works include any part of forest area. 8. Ancient Monuments Conservation of cultural and ASI - Not Applicable and Archeological historical remains found in India Sites and Remains - There exist no nationally protected monuments within Page 15 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. (Amendment and Act for better and effective 200 m periphery of proposed Validation) Act, 2010 preservation of the archaeological project activity sites. wealth of the country, on par with constitutional provisions This Act provides for the preservation of ancient and historical monuments and archaeological sites and remains of national importance, for the regulation of archaeological excavations and for the protection of sculptures, carvings and other like objects. - Notifies 100m around the monument as prohibited area and 100 to 200m as regulated area for construction works; - No excavation/construction work is allowed within 100m boundary of the protected monument; - Requires prior permission of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) for taking works within 100-200m of the boundary of protected monuments 9. Notification for use of Reuse large quantity of fly ash MoEFCC Applicable fly ash, 2003 and discharged from thermal power subsequent plant to minimize land use for Presence of TPPs within 300 amendment, 2016 disposal. km radius of proposed project - Any construction agency activities are observed. engaged in construction of building with a radius of 300km Project activity involves of coal or lignite based thermal construction of field channels power plant (TPP) shall use only and renovation of irrigation fly ash-based product for control structure. construction. - Fly ash shall mandatorily be utilized in asset creation programmes of the Govt. involving construction of building, road, dams and embankment. - Fly ash shall be used in soil conditioner. - Fly ash-based bricks or product shall be used in construction under all Govt. scheme or programme. 10. Public Liability and Protection from hazardous SPCB - Applicable Insurance Act, 1991 materials and accidents Used engine oil, gear oil, hydraulic oil, spent oil, lubricants etc. will be generated during construction, demolition and re-sectioning work. Page 16 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. 11. Insecticides Act, 1968, Use of registered and Central - Applicable Rule 1971 recommended insecticides and Insecticides non-use of banned insecticides. Board and (Agricultural activities involve Registration use of pesticide) Committees (CIB & RC) 12. Central Motor Vehicle To check vehicular air and noise Motor Vehicle - Applicable Act, 1988 and Central pollution Department (During project Motor Vehicle implementation, there will be Rules,1989 use of vehicles and these vehicles need to operate within permissible emission levels) 13. Contract Labour The Act provides for certain Chief Labour - Applicable to all (Regulation and welfare measures to be provided Commissioner, construction works under Abolition) Act, 1970; by the Contractor to contract labor Government of OIIPCRA and in case the Contractor fails to Odisha - Contractor to obtain a provide, the same are required to Certificate of Registration as be provided by the Principal the principal employer; Employer by Law. The principal employer is required to take Certificate of Registration and the Contractor is required to take a License from the designated Officer. The Act is applicable to the establishments or Contractor of principal employer if they employ 20 or more contract labor. 14. Orissa Building & A rule to regulate the employment Labour and - Applicable during Other Construction and conditions of service of Employment construction work Workers'(RE&CS) building and other construction Department, Rules 2002 workers and to provide for their Government of - Applicable to any building or safety, health and welfare Odisha other construction work measures and for other matters employing 10 or more connected workers; - provide safety measures at the construction work and other welfare measures, first- aid facilities and housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc. 15 Orissa Agricultural An act to bring the state under the Orissa State Applicable Produce Markets Act, National Agriculture Market fold Agricultural 1956 to provide better price to the Marketing Improved irrigation facility farmers for their produce. Board and crop diversification along with agriculture value chain The act will provide better development will lead to regulation of buying and selling increase in farm productivity. of Agricultural produce in the State of Orissa and establishment of Markets for agricultural produce. 16 The Seed Act 1966; An Act to provide for regulating Central Seed Not Applicable Seed Rules 1968; the quality of certain seeds for Committee None of the project activities Seeds (Control) Order sale, and for matters connected involve certification of seed. 1983; therewith. Project does not intend in selling of seed Page 17 of 78 Sl. Legislation Description Regulator Applicability No. 17 Fertilizer Control Objective of this GO is to regulate Department of Not Applicable Order 1985; equitable distribution of Agriculture Project does not intend in Fertilizer Movement fertilizers and making fertilizers and selling or purchase of Control Order available at fair prices, and fix the Cooperation fertilizer. maximum prices or rates at which any fertilizer may be sold by a dealer, manufacturer, importer or a pool handling agency 2.1.1 List of Regulatory Clearance Requirements Regulatory clearance will be required mainly during implementation of construction activities. List of clearance to be obtained from different Govt. agencies are listed below. Table 4: List of Regulatory Clearance Requirements Sl. Clearance Applicable Issuing Requirement Responsibility No. Required Regulation Authority 1 Consent to Establish Water (Prevention OSPCB Consent shall be obtained Contractor (CtE) and Operate and Control of before commencement of (CtO) Pollution) Act, construction work for the 1974 and Air plant and machinery, i.e. (Prevention and (Batching Plant, Crusher) Control of required for the project. Pollution) Act, 1981 2 Pollution Under Motor Vehicles Contractor shall submit Contractor Control Certificate Act, 1988 undertaking to Executive Engineer (EE- MI) on deployment of latest PUC certified vehicles and machineries and regular renewal of PUC certificate as per motor vehicle act 2.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies9 The objective of World Bank’s environmental safeguard policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for Bank and borrower in the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and projects. They also provide a platform for the participation of stakeholders in project design. In essence, the safeguard policies ensure that environmental issues are evaluated in decision making, help reduce and manage the risks associated with the project and provide a mechanism for consultation and disclosure of information. The safeguards policies of the World Bank and the implications of these policies for the OIIPCRA project are discussed in Table 5. 9 Environmental and social safeguard policies of the World Bank Page 18 of 78 Table 5: Operational Policies and its Implications for the Project Operational Triggered Summary of OP Implications for the Project and Compliance Policy (Yes/No) Mechanism OP 4.01: Yes The purpose of this policy The project aims at rehabilitation and restoration Environmental is to help ensure the of irrigation infrastructure, agricultural and Assessment environmental and social pisciculture improvement through various soundness and measures. These activities could result in adverse sustainability of environmental impacts, if not properly designed, investment projects. The implemented and managed. policy supports the integration of An Environmental Management Framework has been prepared, and Environmental Management environmental and social Plans have been prepared that will be used for aspects of projects in the managing potential impacts and risks and decision-making process. maximize environmental opportunities. The EMF The OP/BP 4.01 requires also includes guidance on screening, a negative that the environmental list of activities that project will not finance, consequences of the project suggests appropriate mitigation measures and are taken into consideration includes a monitoring and capacity building plan during the project cycle and for addressing environmental risks. are considered in selection, siting, planning and designing of projects. It emphasizes upon the mitigation measures so as to reduce the adverse environmental impact, if any. OP 4.04: Yes The OP promotes The project activities (construction works) are Natural environmentally limited to existing tank system, irrigation Habitats sustainable development regulatory structures and distribution system. by supporting the These tanks may be located within proximity to protection, conservation, natural habitats. The EMF proposes mitigation maintenance, and action to avoid any impacts to natural habitats rehabilitation of natural from construction/ rehabilitation activities and habitats and their aquaculture interventions. These include measures to reduce disturbance to avian and other functions. faunal elements associated with the tanks and other smaller water bodies as well as provisions to reduce dust and noise pollution. Smaller water bodies will be protected against any possibility of damage and/or destruction. OP 4.09: Yes This policy seeks to With improved availability of surface water, it is Pest minimize and manage the likely that use of pesticides may increase with Management environmental and health agricultural intensification and diversification. risks associated with However, the project does not intend to finance pesticide use and promote any activity that involves procurement of and support safe, effective, chemical pesticides which may have adverse and environmentally sound human and environmental implications. pest management. Integrated Pest and Nutrient Management (IPNM) Plan has been prepared under OIIPCRA for scaling-up state-wide Integrated Pest Management and Integrated Nutrient Management efforts and support for safer production and marketing. Adequate provisions have been made to provide training to farmers and other stakeholders on safe handling and disposal of pesticides and other agrochemicals. Page 19 of 78 Operational Triggered Summary of OP Implications for the Project and Compliance Policy (Yes/No) Mechanism OP 4.11 Yes The policy aims to assist in The project activities (construction works) are Physical preserving PCR and in limited to tank system, irrigation regulatory Cultural avoiding their destruction structures and distribution system. As the Resources or damage. PCR includes structural / construction works are limited to (PCR) resources of existing irrigation structures / tank bed, PCR are archaeological, not likely to be adversely affected. paleontological, historical, architectural, religious However, Orissa has many protected and unprotected monuments and structures which (including graveyards and may be in proximity to selected MI tanks. In case burial sites), aesthetic, or of ‘Chance Finds’ of archaeological, other cultural significance. paleontological, historical significance - the chance finds procedure outlined in the Annexure – XI will be followed OP 4.36 No This policy emphasizes The project activities (construction works) are Forests upon the management, limited to tank system, irrigation regulatory conservation, and structures and distribution system. sustainable development of forest ecosystems. None of the project activities will not be executed in any notified forest area or forest land. OP 4.37 Yes This policy is concerned There will be no new construction of dams under Dam Safety with ensuring quality and OIIPCRA. The project may support MIPs which safety in the design and rely on the performance of existing dams. There construction of new dams are 13 MIPs identified in the project area with and the rehabilitation of dam height more than 10 meter out of which only existing dams, and in three (3) have dam height more than 15 meter. carrying out activities that These dams Will fit the criteria of OP4.37 may be affected by an (exceed 15 m and/or with height of 10-15 m and existing dam. meet other requirement of crest length, discharge rate and storage volume). The requirements of OP 4.37 will be followed and dams will be reviewed by the State Dam Safety Panel. OP 7.50 No This policy applies to any Project activity is related to renovation of existing International river, canal, lake, or similar minor irrigation structure, agriculture Water Ways body of water that forms a intensification, promoting pisciculture in MI tank boundary between, or any and creation and strengthening of agri. and river or body of surface fishery value chain. Proposed activities will be water that flows through, confined within MI tank command area and does two or more states. not attract any waterways. All MIPs are located within Odisha state and not part of any international waterway. OP 7.60 No This policy is concerned All activities proposed under OIIPCRA will be Projects in with any project in the implemented in 98 blocks spread across 15 Disputed Areas disputed area/s concerning project districts of Odisha. Any part of the project two countries does not fall in any disputed area concerning two countries. Page 20 of 78 Chapter 3: Stakeholder Consultation 3.1 Project Area Coverage under Assessment Nine sample MI tanks were selected to conduct the environmental baseline analysis for this study. A detailed methodology for sample selection and environmental assessment is provided in Annexure- II. Stakeholder consultations were carried out in and around area of selected nine (9) irrigation project spread across seven project districts. These sampled MIPs represents all seven Agro-climatic zones, four river basins as well as fully scheduled and partly scheduled districts prevailed in project universe. District/ block level offices of Department of Minor Irrigation responsible for the management of MI irrigation tank, Department of Agriculture, Horticulture, Fisheries, State Dam Safety Organization (SDSO)- Bhubaneswar, PP involved with sample irrigation project, FPO, SHG, fisherfolk, etc. operating in surrounding villages were consulted. Consultation was also held with DFO- Brahmapur and CCF- Shimlipal to confirm presence of vulnerable/ endangered flora and fauna within project area. Used study tools for stakeholder consultation is given in Annexure- IV and details are provided in Annex 5a and 5b. 3.2 Stakeholder analysis Stakeholders departments/ group who have specific interest / stake in proposed project from environmental dimensions are listed below. 1. SPU-OIIPCRA 2. Department of Agriculture and Farmer’s Empowerment 3. Odisha Agricultural Marketing Board 4. Directorate of Fisheries 5. State Dam Safety Organisation (SDSO) 6. Directorate of Horticulture 7. Department of Minor Irrigation 8. Odisha State Pollution Control Board 9. Odisha Biodiversity Board 10. DFO, Brahmapur and CCF- Simlipal 11. ATMA, 12. OPDC, CIFA, CIFRI, IIWM, OUAT, FNGOs, CoF and FISHFED The analysis of different stakeholders of OIIPCRA, their roles, responsibilities and relationships with the project in planning and implementing project interventions is summarized in the Table 6. Table 6: Details of stakeholders of the project, characteristics, roles and responsibilities Sl. Stakeholders Stake/Characteristics Expertise, roles and responsibilities No. 1 Farming communities: Traditional users /beneficiaries of Traditional farmers groups have rich Men and women the project, collaborators of the knowledge of water management and farmers, Tribal People water management systems with agriculture. Actively collaborate with MI MI department and other line department and other line departments for departments managing the water resources and infrastructure and development of agriculture Page 21 of 78 Sl. Stakeholders Stake/Characteristics Expertise, roles and responsibilities No. 2 MI and Line Legitimate owner of the water Implement the project activities, departments and bodies, decision making management of MI tank, promote training institutions authority in relation with agriculture, fishery, horticulture agriculture, horticulture, agri.- implementing the government sponsored processing, implementing agency schemes, provide extension services, etc. having budget provision 3 DFO, CCF Legitimate owner of forest and Involved in forest protection and bio-diversity resource preservation of bio-diversity resource 4 State Dam Safety Legitimate owner of Large dam, Monitoring and supervising dam safety Organization (SDSO) decision making authority, aspects, periodic maintenance of large dam 5 Community Based Interest group, primary users of Mobilized and trained groups with Organizations such as water resources and development leaders to support development activities, Pani Panchayat (PP) / of agriculture, horticulture, act as a good platform for the Water User pisciculture, etc. implementation of the project activities Association, Farmers Producer Organization (FPO), women SHG, fisherfolk, PFCS etc. 3.3 Stakeholder’s Consultation A range of consultation meetings were organized with local officials of different departments to understand their views from environmental point of view on different aspects of the project. Focused Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted with the farmers of different social and economic categories and different land holding capacity, tribal people, community based organization like Pani Panchayat (PP) / Water User Association, Farmers Producer Organization (FPO), women SHG, fisherfolk to understand their opinion on the project dimensions. Discussions were conducted at different points of time during the assessment phase. The discussions were primarily related to the project and its activities, people’s current livelihood engagement and expected environmental implications of the project. Project activity wise generic as well as specific environmental issues were discussed with different stakeholder and their concerns were captured. Details of stakeholder’s consultation with State, District and Block level associated departments and FGD with local communities held at the sample MI command village are given in the Table 7. Table 7: Date wise consultation carried out with diffrent stakeholders Date GP. /Vill., Block, Dist. MIP Name Stakeholder Consulted 15th December, Dandamunda, Dhandamunda MIP PP- Sibasakti, Dandamunda, Dept. of 2018 Chandahandi, Nabarangpur MI (Dist.), Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor Ganjam NAC, Ganjam, Jallibandha MIP PP- Jallibandha, Ganjam, Dept. of MI, Ganjam Dept. of Agriculture (Block), Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor, Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP PP- Bisipur Pani Panchayat, Mayurbhanj Ganjam NAC, Ganjam, Jallibandha MIP SHG- Maa Thakurani Ganjam Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP SHG- Maa Shidheswari, Dept. of MI, Mayurbhanj Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP SHG Sanadei Mayurbhanj 16th December Dandamunda, Dhandamunda MIP SHG- Maa Mahalaxmi, Dept. 2018 Chandahandi, Nabarangpur Agriculture, Fishery Page 22 of 78 Date GP. /Vill., Block, Dist. MIP Name Stakeholder Consulted Dandamunda, Dhandamunda MIP FF – Dhadipani, Chandahandi Chandahandi, Nabarangpur Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP FF – Badagaon, Karanjia, CCF- Mayurbhanj Simlipal, Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor Dignaria, Nilagiri, Balasore Khaibandha MIP FF- Dignaria Fisherfolk, Dept. of MI Dhobasil, Nilagiri, Balasore Khaibandha MIP FF – Khaibandha, Balasore 17th December Dhobasil, Nilagiri, Balasore Khaibandha MIP PP – Maa Gadachandi, Dept. of 2018 Fishery, Agriculture, Hatchery Unit Badabanga, Daringbadi, Cradigappa MIP PP – Maa Patakunda, Dept. of MI, Kandhamal Talakholaghai, Khallikote, Talakholaghai, SHG – Maa Mangala, Dept. of MI, Ganjam Mohanpur MIP Agriculture, Fishery Dignaria, Nilagiri, Balasore Khaibandha MIP SHG – Maa Mangala Kalyani Jon Badabanga, Daringbadi, Cradigappa MIP SHG – Amarjoty Biswa Kandhamal 18th Decemebr, Badabanga, Daringbadi, Cradigappa MIP FF- Cradigappa fisherfolk, CCF, 2018 Kandhamal 19th December, Ghuchepali, Patnagarh, Dandrabahal MIP PP- Ganga Jamuna, Dept. of MI, 2018 Bolangir Agriculture, Fishery, FPO Ghuchepali, Patnagarh, Dandrabahal MIP SHG – Maa Bastaran Budhi, Fertilizer/ Bolangir Pesticide Distributor, Hatchery Unit Ghuchepali, Patnagarh, Dandrabahal MIP SHG- Maa Samalasori SHG, Bolangir Baglabandha, Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor 20th December, Duarsuni, Bhawanipatna, Jamunasagar MIP PP- Jamunasagar, Dept. of MI, 2018 Kalahandi Agriculture, Fishery, Fertilizer/ Pesticide Distributor Duarsuni, Bhawanipatna, Jamunasagar MIP SHG – Jagat Janani Kalahandi Duarsuni, Bhawanipatna, Jamunasagar MIP FF – Jamunasagar, Bhawanipatna Kalahandi 21st December, Ganjam NAC, Ganjam, Jallibandha MIP Dept. of Fishery, DFO- Brahmapur 2018 Ganjam 15th January, Bhubaneswar, Odisha ___ State Dam Safety Organisation 2019 (SDSO), Bhubaneswar 21st January, Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP ITDA- Karanjia, Dept. of Agriculture 2019 Mayurbhanj 22nd January, Badabanga, Daringbadi, Cradigappa MIP ITDA- Baliguda, Dept. of Fishery 2019 Kandhamal 22nd January, Patbil, Karanjia, Bisipur MIP Dept. of Fishery 2019 Mayurbhanj 23rd January, Badabanga, Daringbadi, Cradigappa MIP Dept. of Agriculture, DFO 2019 Kandhamal 29th January, Harichandanpur, Keonjhar Kalimati MIP Dept. of MI, Agriculture 2019 30th January, Harichandanpur, Keonjhar Kalimati MIP PP- Mahabir, Mandakini SHG, FPO 2019 31st January, Harichandanpur, Keonjhar Kalimati MIP Dept. of Forest, Fertilizer/ Pesticide 2019 Distributor * Local farmers from each MI command area was consulted to understand agriculture related issues. 3.3.1 Stakeholder’s Concern / Opinion Local people/ community were much more concerned about individual or community level facilities and infrastructure facilities to be provided under proposed project rather than its environmental consequences during different phases of project. Communities focus were mainly concentrated on land Page 23 of 78 acquisition, loss of agricultural land and agricultural land pollution due to stacking of construction material on agricultural land. Very negligible percentage of people were concern about environmental pollution during project implementation. However, all concerned Govt. departments were very much active in their respective domain in terms of environmental pollution prevention and mitigation aspects. Issue wise environmental concerns of different stakeholder and respective measures adopted under OIIPCRA are given in Table 8 and details are provided in Annexure- V(b). Table 8: Stakeholders concern on environmental issues MIP Environmental Concern Issue Addressed in EMF Irrigation MIP-1 Storage capacity of MIP project is not enough Tank resectioning will be done which will to supply water to total command area. increase water holding potential. Irrigation structure are not in good condition; Irrigation structure will be repaired and concrete Sufficient water is not available during Rabi canal lining work will be done to reduce or season; hence people are withdrawing ground eliminate seepage lose. Dam will be strengthened. water for irrigation purpose. MIP-2 Water level goes down to DSL and not Tank resectioning will be done which will sufficient for irrigation purpose during Rabi increase water holding potential season. Tank remains absolutely dry during Summer season Outlet is in broken condition. All dilapidated irrigation structure will be repaired which will reduce seepage loss as well improve water distribution mechanism. MIP-3 Distributaries are in dilapidated condition. All dilapidated irrigation structure will be repaired which will reduce seepage loss as well improve water distribution mechanism. Damaged field channels will be repaired and new field channel will be constructed. MIP-4 Seepage lose from dilapidated irrigation All dilapidated irrigation structure will be repaired network; require regular maintenance & canal which will reduce seepage loss as well improve lining. water distribution mechanism. Concrete lining at earthen stretch of canal portion and repairing of existing concrete lining will be done. Irrigation water is available only during Tank resectioning will be done which will monsoon season. increase water holding potential. Non-availability of proper fund for renovation Renovation of irrigation infrastructure is one of work. major components under OIIPCRA. Significant amount is allotted for this work under OIIPCRA project. Pani Panchayat members are influenced by Training and capacity building of PP/ WUA political leader. members will be done under OIIPCRA project. MIP-5 Storage capacity of the tank is too less which Tank resectioning will be done which will leads to unavailability of water during Rabi increase water holding potential. season. Seepage loss from the broken structure. All dilapidated irrigation structure will be repaired which will reduce seepage loss as well improve water distribution mechanism. Concrete lining at earthen stretch of canal portion and repairing of existing concrete lining will be done. MIP-6 Storage capacity of MI tank is not enough to Tank resectioning will be done which will supply water for irrigation to total command increase water holding potential. All dilapidated area. Availability of water during Rabi and irrigation structure will be repaired which will summer season is major concern. The head improve water distribution mechanism. regulator of MIP tank is not working properly. Gate and head regulator are not working All dilapidated irrigation structure will be repaired properly; fund for regular maintenance work is which will improve water distribution mechanism. needed. In some of the areas Pani Panchayat is Renovation of irrigation infrastructure is one of not active or not functioning major components under OIIPCRA. Significant Page 24 of 78 MIP Environmental Concern Issue Addressed in EMF amount is allotted for this work under OIIPCRA project. Training and capacity building of PP/ WUA members will be done under OIIPCRA project. MIP-7 Irrigation water scarcity is felt during rabi and Proper maintenance is required and water summer season. retention capacity should be increased Sluice gate is not working and fund is needed Fund needed for renovation and maintenance. for regular maintenance. Many pani panchayat is not active or not Strengthening of Pani Panchayat/ Water User functioning Association required. MIP-8 Presence of huge aquatic weeds in the tank Weed must be removed from the tank. water restrict sunlight to pass which causes fish mortality. Irrigation water scarcity during Rabi and There is another MIP named Banamuliya, 6 km summer season away from this MIP, if both the MIP will be merged than no shortage of water for irrigation will happen as told by experienced locals. MIP-9 No such issue with regards to irrigation water. However, strengthening of Pani Panchayat / Water User Association is all time requirement. Agriculture MIP-1 Chemical leaching from nearby chemical Proper monitoring of safe disposal of industrial manufacturing factory happens occasionally waste should be done which is probably affecting agricultural field. Excess use of fertilizers and pesticides leads to Create awareness about optimum use of fertilizers degradation of soil quality and pesticides Other issues are fall of immature seed/ fruit/ Project will adopt sustainable and climate resilient flower, Increased pest attack, damage to root agriculture practice to combat adverse effect of due to prolonged flooding, etc. climate change MIP-2 High dependency on rain water in absence of Training on climate resilient agriculture must be adequate irrigation supply for agriculture. given for drought condition may prevail Highly dependent on rain fed paddy. Awareness about crop diversification is required MIP-3 As water is available throughout year, Proper training and awareness program should be production and productivity can be improved conducted from government Production and productivity of diversified crop Promotion and special training on organic farming is required can be done MIP-4 Due to lack of irrigation facility the crops are The functioning of Pani Panchayat / Water User getting damaged nearer to the harvesting period Association is necessary to do a proper monitoring / pre-harvesting which has a greater impact on of water which helps in saving the excess flow of the yield. water during non-requirement. Non usage of bio fertilizer because of delayed People must be aware about the negative impact result. of the synthetic fertilizer and its impact on the environment. MIP-5 Due to increase in use of pesticides and Recommendation and capacity building need to be fertilizer the soil quality has deteriorated. Soil done for usage of bio fertilizer. becoming harder year by year and natural flora in the agricultural land is disappearing. MIP-6 Soil fertility is deteriorating significantly, due Proper training to be given to farmers for usage of to excess use of pesticides and fertilizer. organic / bio fertilizer or pesticides. Farmers are interested to use vermicompost but Vermicompost unit need to be opened there. due to non-availability of proper infrastructure and knowledge they are not able to do so. Water availability mainly during Rabi and Water retention capacity should be increased. Summer season is main concern. Enough water Training should be given on use of Organic is not available during Rabi and summer. Also fertilizer and pesticides and adverse effect of use of fertilizer and pesticide reduce the chemical fertilizer and pesticides on environment fertility of soil. Farmers are not using organic and humans. fertilizer and pesticides because of slow result. Page 25 of 78 MIP Environmental Concern Issue Addressed in EMF MIP-7 Soil quality is deteriorating significantly due to Proper training to be given to farmers for usage of excess use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides. organic / bio fertilizer or pesticides MIP-8 Damage to mature crops due to attack by wild This does not come under preview of OIIPCRA. animals Barha & Elephant coming from nearby This is natural phenomenon, related line Ambapani forest. departments of OIIPCRA has nothing to do in this regards. However, framers may adopt crop insurance with support from Dept. of Agriculture/ compensation provisions of forest department. MIP-9 Decrease in soil fertility due to excess use of Need to focus on usage of bio fertilizer and chemical fertilizer and pesticides. pesticides Yield rate is low due to traditional practice of Need to focus on usage of bio fertilizer and cultivation. Excess use of fertilizers and pesticides pesticides, is causing damage to soil fertility. Irrigation supply do not reach at tail end Increasing irrigation potential of the reservoir by farmers during Rabi and Summer season watershed management. Horticulture MIP-1 Vegetable and fruit cultivation during Rabi and Importance to be given for improvement of Summer season is very less mainly due to non- production and productivity in the Summer availability of irrigation water in MI tank and Season other waterbody. MIP-2 Vegetable and fruit cultivation at backyard Convergence with Horticulture departmental kitchen garden is very less. schemes may be a valid option MIP-3 Vegetable and fruit cultivation at backyard Proper training and awareness campaign should be kitchen garden is very less. People are done interested to do it in large scale. MIP-4 People are not interested to carry out Capacity building programmes need to be horticulture activity as they have other working conducted at Panchayat level to produce opportunity. horticulture product in organic manner. Fishery MIP-1 Pisciculture practice is not adopted due to less Tank resection is to be done, financial support and availability of water. training to promote pisciculture. MIP-2 Very less scope of fishery at MI tank, as water Tank renovation is to be done, financial support level during Rabi and Summer season is very and training is needed to promote pisciculture. low. MIP-3 Not engaged in fishing activities Formation of fisher community and awareness is required MIP-4 Water retention capacity of the tank is very less Resectioning of MI tank proposed under which is not suitable for fishery activity. OIIPCRA may increase water retentivity There is no such mechanism to restrict fish to The tank should be closed from all end which pass out from MI tank to field channel. would be suitable for the fishery activity. Gates must be installed in the entry and exit water drains of tank. SHG members don’t have enough knowledge Capacity building programs need to be conducted regarding fish species and their diseases. at GP level for interested SHG. Lack of awareness among the community about Capacity building needs to be done for the fisher benefit of fishery. community/ people engaged in fishery activity regarding fish cultivation. MIP-6 Conflict between farmers and fisher on use of Fisheries activities will be confined below DSL. water below DSL. MIP-7 To promote fishing activity SHGs were tagged Training should be given to SHGs group to GP tanks MIP-8 Due to lack of awareness on financial benefit of Capacity building needs to be done for the fisher fishery, people have not adopted fishery at community. large scale or for income purpose. MIP-9 Fish and fingerlings swims away with the flow Net barricading will be provided under OIIPCRA. of water to river water specially during increase in water volume in tank. Agribusiness Page 26 of 78 MIP Environmental Concern Issue Addressed in EMF MIP-1 Labour availability for agriculture is a serious Creating awareness about MSP and improving issue and income from agriculture is very less. market linkage, Cold storage /transport facility Hence, agriculture practice is diluting. could be improved MIP-3 As village is situated in remote area, it’s not Cold storage /transport facility could be provided cost effective for them to transport crop/vegetable to the nearest market. MIP-4 No active committee of Pani Panchayat / Water Strengthening of the Pani Panchayat/ Water User User Association or SHG to take up agri Association need to be done, which gives them a business activity. proper understanding of the business activity. MIP-6 No active committee of Pani Panchayat or SHG Strengthening of Pani Panchayat /WUA and to take up agri business activity. Eventually, formation of FPO need to be done there are no FPO working in this area. MIP-9 Selling vegetables only at local market/ within Storage facility and transportation to nearby village. Proper market linkage facility is not market can be organized there. Other Issues MIP-1 Majority of farmers are not engaged in other Scope of fish production, processing, mushroom livelihood activity except agriculture. cultivation, backyard farming is there. Only proper training and awareness can improve their income. MIP-2 Farmers are not involved with other livelihood Training and capacity building for other livelihood activities other than agriculture which is done options like fishery, backyard kitchen garden, only during monsoon period. mushroom cultivation will be arranged under OIIPCRA. MIP-3 Situated in elevated hilly area where water is very scarce. Lack of support from local government Awareness and training program need to be conducted MIP-4 SHG members are not interested to attend Possibility of arranging village level training will training outside the village because of which be explored during arrangement of any such their skill as well as capacity building is an training. issue. MIP-5 Most of the SHG are non-functional and few Capacity building and proper monitoring of SHG are operating at below average level. need to be done for smooth running of SHG. MIP-6 SHG members are interested to adopt Capacity building and training program are pisciculture for which they require proper needed may be provided in the project areas and training and extension services. also beyond project areas MIP-7 SHG members are interested in different IGA Training and capacity building related to Fishery i.e. Goatery, Poultry and pisciculture. should be given. MIP-8 SHG members are not well aware of Strengthening of and capacity enhancement government or non governments program. training should be given to SHG member. They wants to be involve in income generation activities for which they require awareness training. MIP-9 SHG members are not well aware of different Awareness creation is required. government or non governments program specially for SHG. MIP-1: Dandrabahal MIP; MIP- 2: Khaibandha MIP; MIP- 3: Jallibandha MIP; MIP- 4: Talakholaghai, Mohanpur MIP; MIP- 5: Jamunasagar MIP; MIP- 6: Cradigappa MIP; MIP- 7: Bisipur MIP; MIP- 8: Dandamunda MIP; MIP- 9: Kalimati MIP, Keonjhar Page 27 of 78 Chapter 4: Environmental Baseline The objective of conducting baseline environmental assessment is to find out issues and challenges within project and surrounding areas. As renovation of irrigation structure/ system is concentrated within irrigation command area, only command area is considered for field level extensive study. District level data/ information is also considered to find out common issues or challenges with regards to existing practices of pesticide & fertilizer use, irrigation practice, cropping pattern as well as diseases, common diseases in pisciculture, etc. Desk review of available published information/ report as well as initial consultation with SPU and respective district as well as block level line departments like irrigation, fishery, forest was conducted to identify presence of any significant environmental features in an around project area which may have impact to the project implementation. All such identified significant environmental features located in and around sample project location were thoroughly assessed during field level study. In addition to these, “Google” based survey was also conducted to identify presence of significant environmental features like presence of Archaeological sites, Temples, Burning Ghats, Sensitive Receptors, Polluting Industry, Forest area and etc. A checklist on presence of such significant environmental features within 100 meter, 300 meter and 10 Km. radius is developed as part of baseline environmental assessment. Environmental parameters like Air Quality, Surface Water Quality, Soil Quality, Noise Quality was assessed by engaging NABL accredited third party environmental laboratory. Baseline assessment of environmental features will help in identifying prevailed environmental issues and challenges as well as probable impact during project implementation and operation stage. Findings of baseline assessment will be the foundation in preparing management framework. Baseline value will also help in comparing changes during mid-term as well as end-term evaluation. 4.1 Physical and Biological Environment Baseline environmental parameters for physical and biological environment were assessed by means of primary as well as secondary data/ information. Baseline findings of significant environmental issues are tabulated below and detail analysis is given in Annexure- III: Table 9: Environment Baseline Parameters Baseline Findings Physical Environment 1 Agro- • The project is proposed to be implemented in 7 agro-climatic zones (ACZs) out of climatic zone total 10 ACZ of the State. • Maximum 46.7% MIP are concentrated in Ganjam district which falls under East & South Eastern Coastal Plain (ESCP) followed by 29.0% in North Central Platue (NCP) and 10.6% in Western Central Table Land (WCTL-1). • Minimum 0.6% MIPs are located in Nabrangpur district which falls under Eastern Ghat High Land (EGHL) followed by 1.7% in North Eastern Ghat (NEG). 2 Landuse • Total geographical area of the 15 project districts is 8340 thousand hectares out of pattern which 520.5 thousand hectares forest area, 51.3 thousand hectares of miscellaneous tree & groves, 162.5 thousand hectares of permanent pasture, 159.1 thousand hectares culturable waste land, 310.9 thousand hectares barren land, 318.3 thousand hectares non-agriculture land and 1643.9 thousand hectares net area sown land falls under 98 nos. project blocks. Page 28 of 78 Parameters Baseline Findings • Fifteen (15) project districts have cultivated area of 3581 thousand hectares out of which 1740 thousand hectares is high land, 959 thousand hectares medium and 882 thousand hectares low land 3 Geology and • None or any part of the MIP command area is protected for mineral resource mineral exploration. • There exists no mining area/ activity in surrounding areas which may pose any threat to proposed OIIPCRA project. 4 Earthquake • The parts of 5 project districts namely Bargarh, Jajpur, Bhadrak, Mayurbhanj & Balasore fall under moderate risk earthquake zone. Remaining parts of these five districts fall under low damage risk earthquake zones. • Remaining 10 project districts namely Gajapati, Ganjam, Kandhamal, Nawarangpur, Kalahandi, Nuapada, Bolangir, Sonepur, Boudh and Keonjhar fall under low damage risk earthquake zones. 5 Wind and • Entire portion of 3 project districts (Balasore, Bhadrak and Jajpur) and part of other 4 Cyclone project districts (Mayurbhanj, Ganjam, Gajapati and Keonjhar) falls under High Damage Risk Zone where almost 80% of MIP are located (considering district total). • Entire portion of three project districts (Boudh, Sonepur and Bolangir) and part of other 8 project districts (Keonjhar, Ganjam, Gajapati, Kandhamal, Bargarh, Nuapada, Kalahandi and Nabarangpur) falls under Moderate Damage Risk Zone- A, whereas part of six (6) project districts (Bargarh, Ganjam, Gajapati, Kandhamal, Kalahandi and Nawarangpur) falls under Moderate Damage Risk Zone- B. 6 Flood and • Part of project district Ganjam, Jajpur, Bhadrak and Balasore are declared flood zone Waterlogging where more than 50% of MIPs are located (considering district total). However, Balasore and Bhadrak districts are affected majorly due to presence of immediate coast of Bay of Bengal. Only 3.5% MIPs are located at Balasore and Bhadrak district. • Command area of sample MIP- Jallibandha located at Ganjam district has witnessed crop damage due to occasional flood by Rushikulya river. • Water logging during rainy season is reported at river adjacent MI command area of MIP- Jallibandha. 7 Surface • Any instance of water pollution at MI tank water from industrial activity is not found Water at sampled MI tank. Quality • Water quality of all sampled MI tank is fairly good to promote pisciculture activity in MI tank. • Excess use of fertilizer and pesticide is main source of water and soil pollution in command area • Garbage dumping in Dhandamunda MIP (Nabarangpur) tank is reported as one of sources of water pollution. 8 Meteorology Temperature • Project districts experience hot summer with temperatures shooting up to 43°C (Balangir and Kalahandi) in the west and 39°C (Keonjhar) in the east. • The mean summer temperature varies between lowest 20°C and 33°C in project districts. • Heat wave conditions prevail in 3 districts (Kalahandi, Balangir and Kandhamal) of project universe with the temperature crossing 40°C during hot summer. Relative Humidity • RH widely ranges between 48% to 91% during winter season, 36% to 83% during summer season and 75% to 91% during rainy season. • Kandhamal has witnessed maximum 91% RH during rainy season followed by Bhadrak (89%) and Majurbhanj and Kalahandi (88%). Rainfall • About 63% of the average annual rainfall of the entire project universe is received in the southwest monsoon season, 23% in summer and remaining 14% in winter season. • Yearly average rainfall is maximum (1701 mm.) at Nawarangpur and lowest (1069 mm.) at Bolangir district. Page 29 of 78 Parameters Baseline Findings • Maximum average rainfall during southwest monsoon (1075 mm.) as well as summer season (506 mm.) is recorded at Nawarangpur and during winter at Balasore followed by Ganjam. • Minimum average rainfall during southwest monsoon is recorded at Gajapati District (719 mm.) followed by Ganjam (729 mm.) • Only 4 districts (Nawarangpur, Mayurbhanj, Balasore & Gajapati) receive more than state normal annual rainfall of 1460.5 mm.10 • Yearly average rainfall at Gangam district is 1320 mm., where more than 45% MIP area located. This is less than the State normal annual rainfall of 1460.5 mm. Ambient Air Quality • Air pollution due to operation of diesel operated thresher / harvester machine in agricultural land and burning of paddy straw on agriculture field is observed as source of air pollution associated with post-harvest agricultural activities. 9 Groundwater • The stage of ground water was assessed at 30 percent in 98 project blocks. Availability • Nabarangpur, Gajapati and Kandhamal are heavily dependent on ground water for irrigation. • Ground water development status of 7 (Bargarh, Bolangir, Gajapati, Kalahandi, Kandhamal, Nabarangapur and Nuapada) out of 15 project districts (considering 98 project blocks) are assessed to be below the state average of 28 percent. • None of the project area fall under over exploited, critical or semi critical blocks and notified for regulation of ground water development. 10 Ground • Any potential source of ground water contamination within tank command area is not Water found within sampled MI command area. Quality • Contamination due to saline water intrusion during flood occurrence at coastal project blocks is reported. • Out of 15 project districts, only Bhadrak is fully saline affected. 931 population of only one habitation of Ganjam and 7693 population of 11 habitations of Balasore are reported as saline affected. • Within 98 blocks of 15 project districts, only 9 blocks of Ganjam district, one of Bargarh, one of Boudh, three of Kalahandi districts are found where EC concentration is more than > 2000 μS/ cm. • Nine (9) blocks of Ganjam district, one of Bargarh, one of Boudh, three of Kalahandi districts are found where EC concentration is more than > 2000 μS/ cm. • Chloride concentration above 250 mg/l was reported at 11 blocks of Ganjam, one block from each of Bargarh and Boudh district, three blocks of Kalahandi, two blocks of of Nuapada. Five project blocks of Ganjam, one block from each of Keonjhar and Gagapati district, 7 blocks of Balangir, one block of Boudh, two block of Kalahandi, one block of Nuapada are reported as fluoride contaminated where concentration are found above desirable limit of 1.0 mg./l. • 5556 populations of 6 habitations of Bolangir and 2079 population of 3 habitations of Kalahandi district are reported as fluoride affected. • 137 populations of only one habitation of Nawarangpur and 3691 populations of 4 habitations of Ganjam are reported as nitrate affected. • Total 3,27,963 population of 1197 nos. iron affected habitations are reported within 96 project blocks leaving two project blocks of Nuapada. Highest iron affected habitation is reported at Mayurbhanj (660 habitations) followed by Keonjhar (335 habitations) and Balasore (46 habitations) 11 Soil Type • Coverage of Red soil is maximum 24% followed by 15% Lateritic and 12% Alluvial soil. • Coverage of Sandy loam and Red & Yellow soil class is equal to 11% and Red & Black soil coverage is only 10%. • Acidic (1%) and Saline (3%) soil coverage is very low in entire project district. 10 Annual Climate Summary- 2015, National Climate Centre, Climate Service Division, India Meteorological Department Page 30 of 78 Parameters Baseline Findings 12 Soil Quality • Soil pH of sample collected from command area of 6 sampled MIP ranges between 5.8 to 7.8. • Electric conductivity ranges between minimum 52.6 at Talkholghai, Mohanpur, Ganjam to maximum 110.3 at Cradigappa MI at Kandhamal. • Organic carbon content ranging between 1.32 % at Talkholghai, Mohanpur, Ganjam to 1.64% at Bisipur MI, at Mayurbhanj district. • Arsenic and fluoride content in collected soil samples are found below detectable limit (bdl). • Heavy metal like Chromium and Cadmium are not detected in any of six (6) soil samples. • However, presence of other heavy metal like Zinc, Lead and Copper are found in all soil samples, but at very low percentage and within Threshold Effect Level (TEL) 11 • Iron content is highest 1.82% at Bisipur, Majurbhanj and lowest at 0.14% at Jallibandha, Ganjam. • Manganese content in all soil sample ranges between 0.007 to 0.072 %. 13 Tank • Vegetable species like floating weeds: Spirodela sp., Eichhornia crassipes (water Condition hyacinth), emergent weeds: Nymphoides sp., Nymphaea spp. (water lilies), Marsilia and quadrifolia, submerged weeds: Potamogeton sp., Ottelia sp., marginal weeds: Jussiaea Ecosystem sp., Cyperus sp., Paspalidium sp., Eleocharis sp., Sagittaria sp., Ipomea spp., have grown in tank water and subsurface. However, quantum of these undesirable species is very nominal in most of the tanks. • Water efficiency has reduced due to natural growth of aquatic weeds in tank • Most of the tanks are silted up due to prolonged silt disposal. • Many irrigation structures like head/ tail regulators, field channels, which were constructed decades ago, were found in dilapidated conditions. 14 Dam Safety • Dam of 319 reservoir type MIP are earthen whereas 145 diversion weirs are made of concrete and remaining two are creek. • Dam height of only 13 MIPs is more or equal than 10 meter out of which only three (3) have dam height more than 15 meter. • Three dams with dam height > 10 < 15 is not covered by SDSO. All remaining 10 nos. dam with dam height more than 10 meter are covered by SDSO. • Out of 3 nos. MIP not covered under SDSO, two are located in moderate risk earthquake zone (part of district) and all remaining 11 MIPs falls in Low damage risk zone. • 10 MIPs falls in High Cyclone Damage Risk Zone and remaining three in Moderate Damage Risk Zone. • None of these large dams falls in Flood zone. 15 Presence of • A chemical industry namely Grasim Industry Limited is located approximately 300 Industry meter away from command boundary of Jallibandha MIP, Ganjam- however any kind of chemical leaching to MI command area is not reported. • Presence of any mining industry at immediate vicinity of sample MI tank is not observed. 16 Private • Presence of any structure of encroacher or squatter or private owner which may be Structure and impacted is not observed within proposed work zone. Utilities • Any private or community structure is not anticipated to be impacted due to any of activities proposed under OIIPCRA. 17 Physical • Few temples are found to be present within command area from where occasional Cultural pollution to agricultural field is happening only during mass gathering of people Resource during religious festival. • Water and land pollution from burning ghat located within command area may occur during funeral / cremation activity. However, this has no impact on tank or irrigation system. • Sacred grove of Ficus religiosa (Osta Tree) and Ficus benghalensis (Banyan Tree) is located within command area. 11 In absence of any indian standard, it was compared against “ US EPA standard for sediment quality” Page 31 of 78 Parameters Baseline Findings • Potagarh or the "buried fort”, constructed in 1768, is located in the vicinity to the periphery of Jallibandha MIP, Ganjam district. Potagarh Fort, is also known as Ganjam Fort. • Project will adopt avoidance strategy to eliminate any negative impact on any PCR, hence any adverse impact on PCR like temple, burning ghat and sacred groves is not anticipated. 18 Natural • Simlipal National Park is located in the immediate vicinity of Bisipur MIP in Habitats Mayurbhanj district. • Rushikulya river flows through the immediately vicinity of the Jallibandha MIP in Ganjam district and the Olive Ridley turtle nesting site located at the Rushikulya river mouth is in proximity (<5 km) to the Jallibandha MIP • Chilika Lake is in proximity to Talakholaghai, Mohanpur MIP in Ganjam district. • Increased usage of fertilizers and pesticides in the command area of these MIPs could have a downstream impact on the water quality. • Implementation of IPNM to restrict pollution of agricultural run offs in these areas will be a key focus of the project 19 Sensitive • Sensitive receptors like school, playgrounds have been observed within 100-meter Receptors boundary of sampled command area. • Noise and dust pollution during construction activity, regular operation and plying of heavy vehicle, plant and machineries may impact such sensitive receptors during construction stage. Biological Environment 20 Forest Cover • Forest cover area in these 15 project districts is about 37.5% of total geographical area with compared to state total coverage of 37.3%. Forest cover at Kandhamal (71.2%), followed by Gajapati (57.1%), Nuapada (48%), Nabrangpur (46.5%), Mayurbhanj (42.2%), Boudh (41.2%) and Ganjam (38.4%) is more than state coverage of 37.3%. Forest coverage is lowest at Bhadrak (3.9%) followed by Balasore (8.7%). Bhadrak and Nuapada district are devoid of any reserve forest where as Sonepur district is devoid of any protected forest. • However, project activities are confined within MI command area and none of the proposed activities will take place in forest area. 21 Agriculture • Summer cultivation is limited only in six (6) project districts and cultivated area is crop very insignificant with respect to Kharif and Rabi cultivation. • Cereal, Pulses and vegetable are main crop cultivated in project districts. • Paddy is the main crop cultivated during kharif season whereas pulses and vegetable are cultivated during Rabi season. Oilseed is also cultivated in moderate amount during Rabi season. 22 Cropping • Adoption of SRI process of rice cultivation has gained momentum. Majority of Practices farmers are well aware about SRI process of rice cultivation. • Practice of crop rotation is absolutely nil in sampled project area even after moderate knowledge on its potentiality to increase soil fertility. • Mixed cropping and inter-cropping practice are very low in sampled project area. • Use of soil amendments to maintain soil pH level is found as one of best practices adopted by farmers of sampled area. 23 Agro- Crop Diseases/ pest attack chemical Use • Swarming caterpillar, BPH and BLB, stem borer, blast and brown spot, sheathrot and sheath blight diseases in paddy, aphid and pod borer in arhar; flea beetle, cercospora blight, downy mildew, leaf spot diseases in green /blackgram; leaf curl virus in vegetables, root knot nematode, leaf eating caterpillars, fruit & shoot borer of brinjal, termite in mango are common type pest/ diseases observed in project districts. Pesticide Use • Pesticide consumption rate is increasing year on year basis in all project districts. Pesticide consumption rate has jumped almost at 7% increase rate during 2011-12 to 2013-1412. 12 Source: Source: Economic Survey 2014-15 Page 32 of 78 Parameters Baseline Findings • Most of the farmers are well familiar with pesticide company’s brand name but not aware of pesticide’s generic name or constituent main chemical and recommended dosage. However, few marginal farmers have obtained training or undergone awareness programme organized by Block level office of Agriculture Department. • Most of the farmers are not aware about pheromone or light trapping process. Use of these old processes are diluting heavily because of easy availability of chemical pesticides which gives immediate solution. • Use of bio-pesticides by farmers is very low in all sampled area. Farmers have not adopted use of bio-pesticides mainly because of slow effect wrt. chemical pesticides. • Use of WHO classified Ib and II pesticides is reported in all sampled project area. • Awareness level on WHO classified Ib and II pesticides is almost NIL among pesticides retailer as well as farmers. • Farmers are moderately aware about detrimental effect of chemical fertilizer on soil fertility and health consequences. Fertilizer Use • Unscientific application of fertilizer (higher doses). Fertilizer consumption in 5 project districts (Nawarangpur- 152.2, Bhadrak- 121.4, Bargarh- 101.8, Balasore- 95.9 and Jajpur- 65.0) in the year of 2016-17 is more than state average consumption rate of 57.11 kg./ hect. for the year 2013-14. • Per hectare fertilizer consumption is almost three times more at Nawarangpur and two times more at Bhadrak district than state average consumption rate of 57.11 kg./ hect. in the year of 2013-14. • Recommendation of Dept. of Agriculture on fertilizer use as per soil health card are not followed by most of the farmers; • Poor adoption of Integrated Plant and Nutrient Management; • Less use of organic manure in comparison to synthetic fertilizers • Less fertilizer efficiency and less adoption of fertigation method of application 24 Pisciculture Practice Practices • Inadequate information on the fisheries resources and the state of the aquatic environment of local people; • Inadequate monitoring, extension and enforcement mechanisms; • Siltation of the tank making most of them not-suitable for pisciculture; • Natural calamities such as unprecedented rain, cyclones and floods, leading to destruction of fish/ aquaculture ponds and systems; Fish Diseases • Fish disease like Gill rot, Argulus, Red Spot, Fin rot, Eye fluke is very common in all this sampled project area. 25 Awareness • Awareness level of farmers on climatic risk on crop cultivation is moderate on Climate • Farmers are not that much aware about climate resilient crop varieties Change Page 33 of 78 Chapter 5: Analysis of Environmental Impacts 5.1 Introduction During project implementation it is expected that there will be environmental impact on different receptors like soil, air, surface, worker’s health and safety, local community, sensitive receptors, aquatic, terrestrial and marginal flora, fishing community, farmers, pani panchayat/ Water User Association, SHG, etc. Impact will be negative as well as negative in nature. Majority of impacts will be reversible in nature except impact on surface water and soil quality due to use of chemical pesticide, fertilizer and medicine used to control fish diseases. 5.2 Overview of Environmental Impacts Components and activities of the project, existing environmental scenario in and around the project area were thoroughly assessed to identify potential impact on baseline environmental conditions. Potential negative and positive impacts likely to result from project intervention are analysis and provided in Table 10. Table 10: Project componnet and activity wise potential negetive impacts Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components Component A: Climate-Smart Intensification and Diversification of Production Sub-component A.1: Support to Improved Productivity and Climate Resilience A. Crop Diversification Demonstration of Climate Resilient Any negative environmental impact is & Demonstration Crops/ Varieties not anticipated as the demonstrations Aerobic Rice Demonstration will take up climate resilient practices by Integrated farming System (IFS) agro-climatic zone (based on suitability) Inter cropping/ Bund plantation by which farmers would able to learn Demonstration on cropping systems efficient management of natural resource Demonstration for diversification of base, adoption of climate resilient ID crops technologies and improved environmentally sustainable farm practices. Integrated crop management Any negative environmental impact is (INM/IPM) not anticipated as awareness of farmers on sustainable and safe use of pesticide and fertilizer will increase. B Promotion of Subsidy for Solar Pump Sets Any negative environmental impact is environmentally not anticipated. sustainable practices Positive impact- Cost for irrigation as well as agricultural input cost will reduce. It will also reduce emission. Subsidy for Organic Waste Converter Any negative environmental impact is not anticipated. Positive Impact: converts organic waste/crop residues in to useful compost. Improves air quality by reducing/ minimizing burning of agricultural waste/ crop residue. Distribution of moisture meter at free Any negative environmental impact is of cost not anticipated. Page 34 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components Positive Impact: increase water use efficiency and water productivity. Distribution of farm guard at free of Any negative environmental impact is cost to the PP/ WUA not anticipated. Positive Impact: Control the pests by biological means under IPM; reduce the use of chemical pesticides C Post-harvest Creation of rural agri business Residual material may wash off and Management & Agri- infrastructure chock nearby drainage system during business rainy season; Impact on workers’ health and safety during construction work Creation of PHM facilities - Mini Electricity consumption will be high if Processing Plant (Dal Mill, Oil latest energy efficient equipment’s are Expeller, Millet processing unit, etc.) not procured; Generation and disposal of reusable biodegradable food waste; Establishment of CHC (Sheds / Farm Use of asbestos material as roof Implements / Machineries) Buyer-Seller Interface Any negative environmental impact will not occur. Linking Agriculture Markets with E- Any negative environmental impact will NAM / Other Portal not occur. Hiring of Agri-Business Support Any negative environmental impact will Organizations (ABSOs) not occur. Sub-component A.2: Support to Fish Production A Fish Seed Production Modernizing Fish Hatchery by Residual material may wash off and OPDC chock nearby drainage system during rainy season; Impact on workers’ health and safety during construction work Portable Fish Hatchery - at 30 Any negative environmental impact will locations in the project area by CIFA not occur. Upgradation of Net manufacturing Any additional significant negative Unit of OPDC environmental impact is not anticipated due to proposed upgradation. Pureline breeding: Germ Plasm Any negative environmental impact is improvement programme by OPDC not anticipated. Fish seed transportation vans with Vehicular emission beyond permissible carrier crates by OPDC emission limit if not comply with latest emission norms. B Fish Feed Establishment of Mini Fish Feed Mill Machineries and equipment will be by OPDC; provided for which any environmental impact is not anticipated Establishment of Small Scale Fish Feed Mill by OPDC C Fish Production Tank Culture of IMC (Indian major Excess use of fish feed, in commercial carps); cultivation of fish in inland fresh water, generally pollutes water. However, use Polyculture with Mola / Scampi in of fish feed for very small-scale fish selected MI tanks along with IMC culture of indigenous species in small covering 1000 Ha of the tank by size MI tank is not a common practice. CIFA / OPDC; Demonstration on best practices will be Page 35 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components done under OIIPCRA for which any Gift Tilapia Culture to be adverse impact is not anticipated. demonstrated in select areas by However, in case of use of fish feed for OPDC pisciculture in MI tank may lead to following adverse impacts: Use of powdery vegetarian feed will pollute water if left to suspend in water for too long time. Trash fish shreds are irregular in size and have a high loss rate (about 40%). The feed residue deposited on the pond bottom will cause pollution, resulting in a heightened risk of anoxia and mortality rate. High moisture Trash fish feed becomes moldy easily. It is vulnerable to bacteria and parasites. The fat of trash fish oxidises and rots easily. Rotten trash fish may cause disease or even death. Water pollution due to excess use of medicine to control fish diseases Spreading of fish diseases Reduction in the usage of genetic diversity of the wild fish varieties Demonstration of Pangasius culture Any negative environmental impact will in select tanks in the project area by not occur due to demonstration activity. OPDC Demonstration of climate resilient Any negative environmental impact will Fish Production models by CoF, not occur due to demonstration activity. OUAT Demonstration of cage culture in 11 Any negative environmental impact will large MI tanks by CIFRI / and other not occur due to demonstration activity. ICAR Institutes like IIWM Stocking of self-replicating species Fish mortality may occur if oxygen by OPDC circulation is not maintained properly Demonstration of Integrated Farming Any negative environmental impact will system by CoF - Including Duckery not occur due to demonstration activity. in 16 select tanks Demonstration of aquaponics by CoF Any negative environmental impact will - to be taken up in one MI tank not occur due to demonstration activity. Demonstration of RAS Any negative environmental impact will (Recirculatory aqua culture system) not occur due to demonstration activity. by CoF - to be taken up in one MI tank / and other ICAR Institutes like IIWM Strengthening Women Fisher SHG Any negative environmental impact will through promotion of Ornamental not occur due to strengthening of SHG. Fish Culture through FNGOs / Central Institute of Women in Agriculture Net Barricading by CIFA / CIFRI / Any negative environmental impact will OPDC / and other ICAR Institutes not occur. like IIWM Page 36 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components Disease Surveillance undertaken by Any negative environmental impact will CoF not occur due to disease surveillance programme. e-dash data acquisition system Any negative environmental impact will procured from CIFRI not occur. Provision of Life Jacket by FISHFED Any negative environmental impact will not occur. D Process and Value Supply of ICE Boxes by FISHFED Any negative environmental impact will Addition 50LTS not occur. Supply of ICE Boxes by FISHFED Any negative environmental impact will 100LTS not occur. Supply of ICE Boxes by FISHFED Any negative environmental impact will 200LTS not occur. Provision of DAT (Distress alert Any negative environmental impact will transmitter) through FISHFED not occur due to demonstration activity. Establishment of fish processing Generation of food waste from fish units in selected locations for value processing unit will create bad odour if added products (Eg. Filleting, Pickle not managed in scientific way at regular making, Cutlrt making etc.) - through interval; CIFT / CIWA / FISHFED and any Health hazard due to use of formalin other identified CBOs / NGOs / during fish processing and unhygienic Agencies practice; Strengthening Value chain Vehicular emission beyond permissible infrastructure - Hygienic fish / fish emission limit if not comply with latest product transportation - through emission norms; CIFT / CIWA / FISHFED and any Health hazard and spoilage due to other identified CBOs / NGOs / unhygienic practice and spoilage due to Agencies non-maintenance of suitable temperature in transportation vehicle; Strengthening Marketing Generation of fish waste which will Infrastructure - modernization of 2 create bad odour if not managed in model kiosks for fish and fish product scientific way at regular interval; retailing in PPP mode - through CIFT / CIWA / FISHFED and any other identified CBOs / NGOs / Agencies FINSHOP: - One stop aqua shop for Any additional impact is not anticipated Fishery Inputs retailing in PPP mode due to use of existing infrastructure. - through OPDC / FISHFED Establishing Barefoot Training Module preparation and training will not School Unit at Bahalpur by CoF, with lead to any environmental pollution/ replications at Chipilima and Kathfal concern. by OPDC Sub-component A.3: Support to Diversification and Produce Marketing A Area Expansion under Hybrid Vegetable Cultivation Degradation of soil fertility due to Horticulture (Brinjal, Bitter gourd, Cabbage, increased application of pesticide and Cauliflower etc) chemical fertilizer; Health impact due to application of pesticide and chemical fertilizer; Floriculture (Merigold) Degradation of soil fertility due to application of pesticide and chemical fertilizer; Health impact due to application of pesticide and chemical fertilizer Page 37 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components B Horticulture Backyard Nutritional Garden Any significant negative environmental Investment for (Papaya, Banana, Drumstick, Klime, impact will not occur. Vulnerable group Guava, Yam) Lemon Grass Cultivation Any negative environmental impact is not anticipated. Mushroom Cultivation (Production Generated paddy straw and cotton waste Unit) will cause odour pollution and decrease local aesthetic value if not disposed in regular manner C Soil Health Vermi-compost Pit (3 m x 1 m x 0 .75 Any negative environmental impact is Management m)*2 units not anticipated. Positive Impact: Convert organic waste in to useful manure for soil application; discourage the crop residue burning; enrich the soils and improve the soil health; reduce the cost of fertilizer application D Promoting Micro Drip Irrigation Any negative environmental impact will Irrigation not occur due to promotion of solar pump based drip irrigation system E Protected Cultivation Poly green House (Erection + Any negative environmental impact will Cultivation) not occur F Storage Structures Functional Pack House (9m*6m) Use of asbestos containing roof material Generated construction waste like sand, stone, wood chips (from centering, shuttering work), cut piece of reinforcement and mesh wire if not removed after completion of work may create inconvenience to local people, in terms of health hazard. Impact on workers health and safety during construction work Generated vegetable waste and waste from packing material may lead to odour pollution and decrease local aesthetic value if not disposed at regular interval Cold Room -Solar for 5 mtr tonnes Generated construction waste like sand, stone, wood chips (from centering, shuttering work), cut piece of reinforcement and mesh wire if not removed after completion of work may create inconvenience to local people, in terms of health hazard. Impact on workers health and safety during construction work Generated vegetable waste may lead to odour pollution and decrease local aesthetic value if not disposed at regular interval Rotting or spoilage of agriculture commodity; Page 38 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components G Post-harvest Processing Unit -Mechanised fruits Odour pollution from generated food Management-Value and vegetables waste if not disposed in regular interval; Addition Processing Unit-Lemon Grass Oil Generation and disposal of organic aqueous waste (CcHD) Perforated Van/Refrigerator Vehicle Any negative environmental impact is (Solar) not anticipated. Component B: Improving Access to Irrigation and Water Productivity Sub-Component B.1: Support to Water Sector Reforms Any negative environmental impact is not anticipated. Sub-Component B.2: Support to Investment in Cascades A. Tank System Demonstration of bore well with Loss of top soil due to digging of bore Improvement solar pumping system well; Generation and disposal of earth material due to digging of bore well; Quality Control Any negative environmental impact will not occur due to quality control measures. Catchment treatment Loss of top soil during excavation of foundation trenches and resectioning of tank Dust and air pollution due to flying of stacked up earth; littering during transportation Impact on fauna including vulnerable mammal (specially nearby area of forest) Organic pollution due to improper dumping of aquatic weeds, shrub stems, stumps, roots, twigs and leave leading to inconvenience to local commuters, odour pollution, etc. Air Pollution due to Burning of weeds, shrub stems, stumps, roots, twigs and leave Generation of metal scrap (cut piece) from cutting of MS sheet, reinforcement and mesh wire Generation of plastic waste Sediment transport in streams, canal leading to increased TDS and turbidity; sediment deposition in MI tank leading to reduction in water storage capacity Noise pollution due to construction and demolition work and its impact on workers and community health Generated construction waste like sand, stone, wood chips (from centering, shuttering work), cut piece of reinforcement and mesh wire if not removed after completion of work may create inconvenience to local people/ farming practices, and health hazard; Impact on workers health and safety during construction work Page 39 of 78 Sl. No. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts sub components Safety of large dams Component C: Institutional Capacity Strengthening Any negative environmental impact will not occur due to capacity building measures. Page 40 of 78 Part B – Environmental Management Framework Page 41 of 78 Chapter 6: Mitigation Management and Monitoring Plan 6.1 General This Chapter outlines the Environmental Management Framework (EMF) which is broadly based on the environmental baseline conditions, planned project activities and impacts identified and assessed as part of environmental assessment (EA). For the environmental impacts (both positive and negative), EMF enumerates a set of measures to minimize the adverse impacts and enhance the positive impacts which are intended to be adopted during the project implementation. The most reliable way to ensure the implementation of EMF is to integrate the management measures in the overall project planning, designing, construction and operation phases. This will not only ensure that EMF activities are implemented in accordance with the framework and processes but also that there are adequate funds/resources for implementation and supervision of environmental Management plan. Assessment made in the process of formulating the EMF indicated that the nature and scale of environmental impacts, their severity, extent and the duration would vary depending on the type, size, and location of activities. EMF has carefully assessed the potential adverse environmental impacts that are likely to occur during the implementation of projects. 6.2 Salient Features of EMF EMF has been developed to ensure that the projects activities are identified, planned and implemented are environmentally sound. These guidelines serve as a tool to guide the project implementers to address environmental concerns, prepare mitigation plans, and to ensure complete integration of environmental concerns and mitigation measures in the design of the project activities. The EMF will be applied to all project activities, through the different stages of the project cycle. Proposed EMF interventions are designed on the basis of the current understanding of the environmental. During project planning and implementation, experience and learnings will be used to alter EMF, if required. 6.2.1 Environmental Screening Screening process will help project authority to take decision of adoption of permissible activities and related impact specific to activities proposed under project package. Project authority shall screen each project package as per following format. Screening exercise will define applicability of different management plan developed to manage anticipated adverse impact. Any package involving any non- permissible activity shall not be considered for execution and mitigation measures proposed against each identified impact shall be followed during project implantation. Environmental screening will also help project authority in identifying any unforeseen impact on CPR like temple, mosque, burning ghat, archaeological and historical significance site and natural habitat. Table 11: Screening Checklist (Planning Stage) Name of MIP : District : Block : Name of Sub Basin : Area of tank (hectares) : Height of dam (m) : Page 42 of 78 Average annual rainfall in command area (mm) : Soil type in command area : Command area (ha) : Command area under cultivation (ha %) : Environmental Screening Parameters Is any activity affecting ecologically sensitive Yes/ If yes, the selected the activity should not be site, i.e., national park, wildlife sanctuary? No financed under the project Is the project located along designated wildlife Yes/ If yes, the selected the activity should not be migratory route? No financed under the project Is there a nearby protected area/ Yes/ If yes,13 is there any risk/impact/disturbance to forest/wetland? No forests and/or protected areas? Are there cultural, historic, religious Yes/ If yes, is there risk/impact to known/unknown site/buildings within 2 kms of the facility? No historical, religious or cultural sites? If yes, then activity should be avoided, where there is no impact, chance finds procedures would be applicable and if protected site Are there any activities located within 200m of Yes/ If yes, ASI norms should be followed a protected site or monument No Are there any impacts due to civil works/ Yes/ If yes, follow EMP for civil works in Annex- rehabilitation envisaged in the MIP?14 No VIII of this report.  Increase in dust and noise from demolition and/or construction  Generation of construction waste  Excavation/ desilting impacts and soil erosion  Increase sediment loads in receiving water/ impacts to water quality  Removal and disposal of toxic and/or hazardous substances  Changes in local drainage pattern  Removal of aquatic weeds Will rehabilitation of canal and tank system Yes/ If yes, the activity should be modified to avoid potentially cause No impacts on these sensitive environmental  Impacts to religious site/Sacred areas. place/Burial place?  Impacts to trees restricted by Forest Department?  Impacts to wildlife habitat? (bird, reptile, insect, fish) Has there been a site identified to safely Yes/ If No, site should be identified in consultation dispose waste from civil work? No with stakeholders. Is there a dam within the MIP that is above Yes/ If yes, notify SDSO to deploy DSP- follow 10m height No outline in Annex IX. Is there a requirement for Labour Camp to be Yes/ If yes, the camp and its access roads should set up for labour accommodation No not be set up on forest land or any environmentally sensitive habitat. Souring of raw materials (stone, gravel, sand, Yes/ timber) from verified sources No 13 In such cases it would be necessary to reject rehabilitation works in the catchments, if doing so would provoke negative environmental impacts that could not be avoided or mitigated, the activity must be rejected/excluded. 14 It is expected that the Tanks to be rehabilitated will pass the screening criteria with no problem and will be found suitable for improvements and any small civil works required. In such cases the standard mitigation measures would be all that is needed to minimize any risk of negative environmental impact. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) in annex VIII would apply. Page 43 of 78 Will selected activities increase the use of Yes/ If yes, has the requisite IPNM awareness and pesticides and fertilizers No trainings been provided to farmers? Do any of the activities require consent from Yes/ If yes, has consent been taken? the Pollution Control Board? (such as No establishment of Batching Plant, Crusher) 6.2.2 Non-permissible Activities Activities that could lead to irreversible and significant negative impacts will not be financed by the project. A list of these activities is given below as per the EA undertaken. Further, activities could be added to this list based on actual project implementation experience: Table 12: List of non-permissible activities under OIIPCRA SN. List of Non-Permissible Activities a. Any activity located within a notified Protected Area and Eco Sensitive Zone (ESZ) 15 b. Any activity within forest area or critical natural habitat c. Any activity located within a Sites of Conservation Importance16 d. Any activity that converts or leads to conversion and/or degradation of significant areas of critical natural habitats (areas officially protected) and/or Sites of Conservation Importance and designated forest areas e. Any activity involving pesticides that are banned by the Government of India f. Purchase or use of pesticides, insecticides, herbicides and other dangerous chemicals; asbestos and other investments detrimental to the environment. g. Any activity involving construction within 100 meters17 from an archaeological site/monument18 h. Any activity involving use of Asbestos Containing Materials (e.g., AC pipes for irrigation, AC sheets for roof) i. Any activity that violates the provisions of applicable National and State laws j. Construction of any new irrigation reservoir dam k. Construction of new canals and new branch canals m. Major rehabilitation/remedial works that expected to lead to significant negative environmental Impacts or large scale silt removal (quantities above 500,000 m3). 6.2.3 Overview of Management Framework A brief overview of different type of management plan with their applicability and future action plan is given in Table 13. 15 Protected Area of Odisha < http://www.wiienvis.nic.in/Database/Orissa_7834.aspx > 16 Sites of Conservation Importance in Odisha, refer to < http://www.wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ConservationAreas_844.aspx > 17 In case of archaeological sites/monuments, the prohibited area is 100 mts and the regulated area is 200 mts. 18 Protected monuments in Odisha, refer to: http://odishaculture.gov.in/Archaeology/protected_monuments.html Page 44 of 78 Table 13: Project component and activity wise impact and mitigation measures including monitoring details Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Component A: Climate-Smart Intensification and Diversification of Production Sub-component A.1: Support to Improved Productivity and Climate Resilience Post-harvest Creation of rural Generated small quantity of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of Management & agri business construction waste like sand, stone, works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Agriculture construction Agri-business infrastructure wood chips, cut piece of VIII; Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used; reinforcement and mesh wire, due to Environmental Expert cleanliness of creation of selling platform, storage (Quarterly) site; disposal house, if not removed after Monitoring: PD ATMA method adopted completion of work may create (Monthly) inconvenience to local people. SPU- Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Residual material may wash off and Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of chock nearby drainage system during works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Agriculture construction rainy season; VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used; Environmental Expert cleanliness of (Quarterly) site; disposal Monitoring: PD ATMA method (Monthly) adopted; SPU- Environmental Expert condition of (Quarterly) nearby drainage system Impact on workers’ health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work Works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Agriculture usages of PPE, VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- incident and Environmental Expert reason of (Quarterly) accident at Monitoring: PD ATMA work site (Monthly) SPU- Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Creation of PHM Electricity consumption will be high The machineries / Pre- Implement: Beneficiary ISI mark; facilities - Mini if latest energy efficient equipment’s instruments to be Construction (During Purchase) Energy Rating Processing Plant are not procured; procured / installed (Procurement) Page 45 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters (Dal Mill, Oil should have ISI mark Supervise: PD- ATMA (During Expeller, Millet) and energy efficiency Purchase); SPU- Agronomist & certification. Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA (Monthly) SPU- Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Generation and disposal of reusable Food waste shall be Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Rate of waste biodegradable food waste; collected separately Supervise: PD- ATMA generation with and sold to (Monthly); SPU- Agronomist & type and organization preparing Environmental Expert frequency of organic waste. (Quarterly) disposal; Monitoring: PD ATMA disposal (Monthly) method SPU- Agronomist & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Establishment of Use of asbestos material in roof; Asbestos Containing Construction Implement: Contractor (During Type of roof CHC (Sheds / Farm Materials (e.g., AC construction) and Implements / sheets for roof) shall Supervise: Asst. Agriculture construction Machineries) not be used Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA (Monthly) SPU- Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Sub-component A.2: Support to Fish Production A Fish Seed Modernizing Fish Generated small quantity of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of Production Hatchery by OPDC construction waste like sand, stone, works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC construction wood chips, cut piece of VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental material used; reinforcement and mesh wire if not Expert (Quarterly) cleanliness of removed after completion of work Monitoring: GM OPDC & site; disposal DFO (Monthly) method adopted Page 46 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters may create inconvenience to local SPU - Environmental Expert people. (Quarterly) Residual material may wash off and Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of chock nearby drainage system during works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC construction rainy season; VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental material used; Expert (Quarterly) cleanliness of Monitoring: GM OPDC & site; disposal DFO (Monthly) method SPU - Environmental Expert adopted; (Quarterly) condition of nearby drainage system Impact on workers’ health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC usages of PPE, VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental incident and Expert (Quarterly) reason of Monitoring: GM OPDC & accident at DFO (Monthly) work site SPU - Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Fish seed Vehicular emission beyond The van to be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Bharat stage transportation vans permissible emission limit if not procured should Construction (During Purchase) mark with carrier crates comply with latest emission norms; comply to Bharat Supervise: GM OPDC by OPDC stage III or above; (Monthly); SPU- Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: GM OPDC & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Regular emission Operation Implement: Beneficiary Availability of testing shall be done (Before Expiry) UpToDate PUC (PUC certification) Supervise: GM OPDC certificate, (Monthly); SPU- Environmental Regular Expert (Quarterly) renewal and Monitoring: GM OPDC & expiry of PUC DFO (Monthly) Page 47 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters SPU - Environmental Expert (Quarterly) B Fish Feed Establishment of Generated small quantity of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of Mini Fish Feed Mill construction waste like sand, stone, works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC construction by OPDC; wood chips (from centering, VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental material used; shuttering work), cut piece of Expert (Quarterly) cleanliness of reinforcement and mesh wire if not Monitoring: GM OPDC & site; disposal Establishment of removed after completion of work DFO (Monthly) method adopted Small Scale Fish may create inconvenience to local SPU - Environmental Expert Feed Mill by OPDC people. (Quarterly) Residual material if not removed Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of entirely may wash off and chock works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC construction nearby drainage system during rainy VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental material used; season; Expert (Quarterly) cleanliness of Monitoring: GM OPDC & site; disposal DFO (Monthly) method SPU - Environmental Expert adopted; (Quarterly) condition of nearby drainage system Impact on workers health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work works at Annexure- Supervise: GM OPDC usages of PPE, VIII (Monthly); SPU- Environmental incident and Expert (Quarterly) reason of Monitoring: GM OPDC & accident at DFO (Monthly) work site SPU - Environmental Expert (Quarterly) C Fish Production Tank Culture of Use of powdery vegetarian feed will Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary Type of feed IMC (Indian major pollute water if left to suspend in Culture Management (weekly) purchased and carps); water for too long time. Plan at Annexure- VII Supervise: GM CIFA/ OPDC used (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & Trash fish shreds are irregular in size Environmental Expert and have a high loss rate (about (Quarterly) Page 48 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Polyculture with 40%). The feed residue deposited on Monitoring: GM OPDC/ CIFA Mola / Scampi in the pond bottom will cause pollution, & DFO (Monthly) selected MI tanks resulting in a heightened risk of SPU - Fishery Expert & along with IMC anoxia and mortality rate. Environmental Expert covering 1000 Ha of (Quarterly) the tank by CIFA / High moisture Trash fish feed Use vegetarian fish Operation Implement: Beneficiary Type of feed OPDC; becomes mouldy easily. feed which has a low (weekly) purchased and It is vulnerable to bacteria and moisture content and Supervise: GM CIFA/ OPDC used parasites. The fat of trash fish preservation treatment (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & Gift Tilapia Culture oxidises and rots easily. Rotten trash is usually not Environmental Expert to be demonstrated fish may cause disease or even death. necessary. If it is (Quarterly) in select areas by stored properly there Monitoring: GM OPDC/ CIFA OPDC should not be any & DFO (Monthly) bacteria or mould SPU - Fishery Expert & problem. Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Water pollution due to excess use of Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary Diseases and medicine to control fish diseases Culture Management (weekly) used medicine Plan at Annexure- VII Supervise: GM CIFA/ OPDC with dose and (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & application Environmental Expert method (Quarterly) Monitoring: GM OPDC/ CIFA & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Spreading of fish diseases Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary Frequency of Culture Management (Monthly) Cleaning of Plan at Annexure- VII Supervise: GM CIFA/ OPDC aquatic weed (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & and treatment of Environmental Expert pond bed and (Quarterly) water with Monitoring: GM OPDC/ CIFA method of & DFO (Monthly) treatment; type Page 49 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters SPU - Fishery Expert & and rate of fish Environmental Expert feed used (Quarterly) Reduction in the usage of genetic Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary (during Practice of diversity of the wild fish varieties Culture Management fingerling) mixed culture Plan at Annexure- VII Supervise: GM CIFA/ OPDC with species (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & and its Environmental Expert suitability; (Quarterly) Monitoring: GM OPDC/ CIFA & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Stocking of self- Fish mortality may occur if oxygen Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: OPDC (Daily) Availability and replicating species circulation is not maintained properly Culture Management Supervise: GM OPDC functionality of by OPDC Plan at Annexure- VII (Monthly); SPU- Fishery & aerator Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: GM OPDC & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Establishment of Generation of food waste from fish Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Cleanliness of fish processing units processing unit will create bad odour Culture Management Supervise: GM CIFT / CIWA / site; frequency in selected locations if not managed in scientific way at Plan at Annexure- VII FISHFED (Monthly); SPU- and method of for value added regular interval; Fishery & Environmental Expert disinfection; products (Eg. Health hazard due to use of formalin (Quarterly) Filleting, Pickle during fish processing and Monitoring: GM CIFT/ CIWA/ making, Cutlrt unhygienic practice; FISHFED & DFO (Monthly) making etc.) - SPU - Fishery Expert & through CIFT / Environmental Expert CIWA / FISHFED (Quarterly) and any other Page 50 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters identified CBOs / NGOs / Agencies Strengthening Vehicular emission beyond The van to be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Suitability of Value chain permissible emission limit if not procured should Construction (Before Purchase) vehicle for fish infrastructure - comply with latest emission norms; comply to prescribed Supervise: GM CIFT / CIWA / transportation, Hygienic fish / fish standards for FISHFED (Before Purchase); Emission product transportation of fish SPU- Environmental Expert standard, transportation - commodities; (Quarterly) through CIFT / Monitor: GM CIFT / CIWA / CIWA / FISHFED The van to be FISHFED & DFO (Monthly) and any other procured should Pre- SPU - Fishery Expert & identified CBOs / comply to latest Construction Environmental Expert NGOs / Agencies Bharat stage III or (Quarterly) above; Regular emission Operation Implement: Beneficiary Availability of testing shall be done (Before expiry) UpToDate PUC (PUC certification) Supervise: GM CIFT / CIWA / certificate; FISHFED (Before Purchase); regularity of SPU- Environmental Expert renewal (Quarterly) Monitor: GM CIFT / CIWA / FISHFED & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Health hazard and spoilage due to Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary Cleanliness of unhygienic practice and spoilage due Culture Management (Regular) van; method of to non-maintenance of suitable Plan at Annexure- VII Supervise: GM CIFT / CIWA / disinfection; temperature in transportation vehicle; FISHFED (Monthly); SPU- operating Fishery & Environmental Expert temperature (Quarterly) Monitor: GM CIFT / CIWA / FISHFED & DFO (Monthly) SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Page 51 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Strengthening Generation of fish waste which will Refer EMP for Aqua Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Cleanliness of Marketing create bad odour if not managed in Culture Management Supervise: GM CIFT / CIWA / site; frequency Infrastructure - scientific way at regular interval; Plan at Annexure- VII FISHFED (Monthly); SPU- and method of modernization of 2 Fishery & Environmental Expert disinfection; model kiosks for (Quarterly) fish and fish product Monitor: GM CIFT / CIWA / retailing in PPP FISHFED & DFO (Monthly) mode - through SPU - Fishery Expert & CIFT / CIWA / Environmental Expert FISHFED and any (Quarterly) other identified CBOs / NGOs / Agencies Sub-component A.3: Support to Diversification and Produce Marketing A Area Expansion Hybrid Vegetable Degradation of soil fertility due to IPNM plan given in Operation Implement: Beneficiary (during Name and doses under Cultivation (Brinjal, increased application of pesticide and Annexure- VI shall be cultivation) of application Horticulture Bitter gourd, chemical fertilizer; applied Supervise: Asst. Horticulture of pesticide and Cabbage, Health impact due to application of Officer (Quarterly); SPU- fertilizer and Cauliflower etc) pesticide and chemical fertilizer; Agronomist & Environmental awareness of Expert (Quarterly) farmers on Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH IPNM (Monthly) Floriculture Degradation of soil fertility due to IPNM plan given in Operation Implement: Beneficiary (during Name and doses (Merigold) application of pesticide and chemical Annexure- VI shall be cultivation) of application fertilizer; applied Supervise: Asst. Horticulture of pesticide and Health impact due to application of Officer (Quarterly); SPU- fertilizer and pesticide and chemical fertilizer Agronomist & Environmental awareness of Expert (Quarterly) farmers on Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH IPNM (Monthly) B Horticulture Mushroom Generated paddy straw and cotton Regular removal and Operation Implement: Beneficiary (during Generated Investment for Cultivation waste will cause odour pollution and drying of waste cultivation) waste and its Vulnerable group (Production Unit) disposal/ reuse Page 52 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters decrease local aesthetic value if not material and use it as Supervise: Asst. Horticulture mechanism; disposed in regular manner cooking fuel Officer (Monthly); SPU- disinfection Agronomist & Environmental mechanism Cleaning and Expert (Quarterly) with frequency disinfection of Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH mushroom grown area (Monthly) to maintain hygiene condition F Storage Functional Pack Use of asbestos containing roof Asbestos Containing Construction Implement: Contractor (During Type of roof Structures House (9m*6m) material Materials (e.g., AC construction) and sheets for roof) shall Supervise: Asst. Horticulture construction not be used Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Generated construction waste like Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of sand, stone, wood chips (from works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Horticulture construction centering, shuttering work), cut piece VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used; of reinforcement and mesh wire if not Environmental Expert cleanliness of removed after completion of work (Quarterly) site; disposal may create inconvenience to local Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH method adopted people, in terms of health hazard. (Monthly) Impact on workers health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Horticulture usages of PPE, VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- incident and Environmental Expert reason of (Quarterly) accident at Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH work site (Monthly) Generated vegetable waste and waste Possibility shall be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Effort made in from packing material may lead to explored for using of Construction (Fortnightly) arranging odour pollution and decrease local vegetation waste as Supervise: Asst. Horticulture interested party aesthetic value if not disposed at compost material Officer (Monthly); SPU- for composting regular interval of waste Page 53 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Agronomist & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Vegetable (food) Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Location of waste shall be stored Supervise: Asst. Horticulture temporary at earmarked area and Officer (Monthly); SPU- storage and disposed to a Agronomist & Environmental final disposal designated place; Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Cold Room -Solar Generated construction waste like Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of for 5 mtr tonnes sand, stone, wood chips (from works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Horticulture construction centering, shuttering work), cut piece VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- material used; of reinforcement and mesh wire if not Environmental Expert cleanliness of removed after completion of work (Quarterly) site; disposal may create inconvenience to local Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH method adopted people, in terms of health hazard. (Monthly) Impact on workers health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work works at Annexure- Supervise: Asst. Horticulture usages of PPE, VIII Officer (Fortnightly); SPU- incident and Environmental Expert reason of (Quarterly) accident at Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH work site (Monthly) Generated vegetable waste may lead Possibility shall be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Effort made in to odour pollution and decrease local explored for using of Construction (Fortnightly) arranging aesthetic value if not disposed at vegetation waste as Supervise: Asst. Horticulture interested party regular interval compost material Officer (Monthly); SPU- for composting Agronomist & Environmental of waste Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Vegetable (food) Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Location of waste shall be stored Supervise: Asst. Horticulture temporary at earmarked area and Officer (Monthly); SPU- Page 54 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters disposed to a Agronomist & Environmental storage and designated place; Expert (Quarterly) final disposal Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Rotting or spoilage of agriculture Maintain specific Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Range of commodity; temperature at cold Supervise: Asst. Horticulture temperature room Officer (Monthly); SPU- control in Agronomist & Environmental different Expert (Quarterly) season; days of Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH shutdown (Monthly) G Post-harvest Processing Unit - Odour pollution from generated food Possibility shall be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Effort made in Management- Mechanised fruits waste if not disposed in regular explored for using of Construction (Fortnightly) arranging Value Addition and vegetables interval; vegetation waste as Supervise: Asst. Horticulture interested party compost material Officer (Monthly); SPU- for composting Agronomist & Environmental of waste Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Vegetable (food) Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Location of waste shall be stored Supervise: Asst. Horticulture temporary at earmarked area and Officer (Monthly); SPU- storage and disposed to a Agronomist & Environmental final disposal designated place; Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Processing Unit- Generation and disposal of organic Possibility shall be Pre- Implement: Beneficiary Effort made in Lemon Grass Oil aqueous waste (CcHD) explored for using of Construction (Fortnightly) arranging vegetation waste as Supervise: Asst. Horticulture interested party compost material; Officer (Monthly); SPU- for composting Agronomist & Environmental of waste Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH (Monthly) Organic aqueous Operation Implement: Beneficiary (Daily) Location of waste shall be stored temporary Page 55 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters at earmarked area and Supervise: Asst. Horticulture storage and disposed to a Officer (Monthly); SPU- final disposal designated place; Agronomist & Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Left out portion may Monitoring: PD ATMA/ DDH be used as cooking (Monthly) fuel after drying Component B: Improving Access to Irrigation and Water Productivity Sub-Component B.2: Support to Investment in Cascades A. Tank System Demonstration of Loss of top soil due to digging of bore Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Quantity Improvement bore well with solar well; works at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of Generated and pumping system VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- disposed with EE (Monitoring) & location Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: EE -MI division (Monthly) Generation and disposal of earth Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Quantity material due to digging of bore well; works at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of Generated and VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- disposed with EE (Monitoring) & location Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: EE -MI division (Monthly) Catchment Loss of top soil during excavation of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Quantity treatment foundation trenches and resectioning works at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of Generated and of tank VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- disposed with EE (Monitoring) & location Environmental Expert (Quarterly) Monitoring: EE -MI division (Monthly) Page 56 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Dust and air pollution due to flying of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Water Sprinkler stacked up earth; littering during works at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of Arrangement; transportation VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- Visual EE (Monitoring) & appearance of Environmental Expert site; (Quarterly) Availability of Monitoring: EE -MI division air quality (Monthly) report Impact on fauna including vulnerable The contractor and its Pre- Implement: Contractor (Once Awareness of mammal (specially nearby area of workers will be construction before initiation of work) workers; forest) educated / sensitized Supervise: Junior Engineer of training on endangered/ MI Dept. (Monthly); SPU- EE received; vulnerable species and (Monitoring) & Environmental its protection Expert (Quarterly) measures; Monitoring: EE -MI division (Monthly) Hunting or poaching Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Record of of Vulnerable Supervise: Junior Engineer of occurrence of mammal and Snake MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- such event; shall be strictly EE (Monitoring) & method adopted restricted. On Environmental Expert on occurrence observation, any such (Quarterly) of such event; species shall be Monitoring: EE -MI division noise reducing allowed to migrate in (Monthly) measures nearby area; adopted Not using any threatened/ near threatened species for commercial purpose; Silencer shall be provided with all heavy noise generating machineries (specially nearby area of forest); Page 57 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Organic pollution due to improper Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Generated dumping of aquatic weeds, shrub Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of quantity with stems, stumps, roots, twigs and leave VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- type; temporary leading to inconvenience to local EE (Monitoring) & storage area and commuters, odour pollution, etc. Environmental Expert final disposal (Quarterly) area with Monitoring: EE -MI division mechanism (Monthly) Air pollution due to burning of Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Generated weeds, shrub stems, stumps, roots, Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of quantity with twigs and leave VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- type vs. final EE (Monitoring) & disposal Environmental Expert quantity with (Quarterly) area and Monitoring: EE -MI division mechanism (Monthly) Generation of wood log/ chips from Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor Type of centering, shuttering work Work at Annexure- (Weekly) construction VIII Supervise: Junior Engineer of material used; MI Dept. (Monthly); SPU- EE cleanliness of (Monitoring) & Environmental site; disposal Expert (Quarterly) method adopted Monitoring: EE -MI division with quantity (Monthly) generated vs. disposed Generation of metal scrap (cut piece) Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor Type of from cutting of MS sheet, Work at Annexure- (Weekly) construction reinforcement and mesh wire VIII Supervise: Junior Engineer of material used; MI Dept. (Monthly); SPU- EE cleanliness of (Monitoring) & Environmental site; disposal Expert (Quarterly) method adopted Monitoring: EE -MI division with quantity (Monthly) generated vs. disposed Page 58 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Generation of plastic waste Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor Type of Work at Annexure- (Weekly) construction VIII Supervise: Junior Engineer of material used; MI Dept. (Monthly); SPU- EE cleanliness of (Monitoring) & Environmental site; disposal Expert (Quarterly) method adopted Monitoring: EE -MI division with quantity (Monthly) generated vs. disposed Sediment transport in streams, canal Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Mechanism leading to increased TDS and Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of adopted to turbidity; sediment deposition in MI VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- restrict soil tank leading to reduction in water EE (Monitoring) & erosion and storage capacity Environmental Expert sediment (Quarterly) transportation; Monitoring: EE -MI division cleanliness of (Monthly) excavated site; temporary storage area with duration Noise pollution due to construction Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and and demolition work and its impact Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of use of PPE; on workers and community health VIII MI Dept. (Monthly); SPU- EE Noise reducing (Monitoring) & Environmental measures; Expert (Quarterly) sensitive Monitoring: EE -MI division receptor (Monthly) location Generated construction waste like Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Type of sand, stone, wood chips (from Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of construction centering, shuttering work), cut piece VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- material used of reinforcement and mesh wire if not EE (Monitoring) & and generated removed after completion of work Environmental Expert waste; may create inconvenience to local (Quarterly) cleanliness of people/ farming practices, and health Monitoring: EE -MI division site; disposal hazard; (Monthly) method adopted Page 59 of 78 Sl. Components and Types of Activities Potential Negative Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Stage Responsibility/ Frequency Monitoring No. sub components Parameters Impact on workers’ health and safety Refer EMP for Civil Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Availability and during construction work Work at Annexure- Supervise: Junior Engineer of usages of PPE, VIII MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- incident and EE (Monitoring) & reason of Environmental Expert accident at (Quarterly) work site Monitoring: EE -MI division (Monthly) Safety of large dams Refer to Dam Safety Construction Implement: Contractor (Daily) Implementation Plan in Annexure IX Supervise: Junior Engineer of of remedial MI Dept. (Fortnightly); SPU- measures, No. EE (Monitoring) & of dam Environmental Expert rehabilitated, (Quarterly) periodic Monitoring: EE -MI division evaluation done (Monthly); SPU- EE by DSP (Monitoring) (Quarterly) Page 60 of 78 6.2.4 Inclusion of EMP in Bid Document The EMP should be finalized and approved by the project SPIU Environmental Specialist before finalizing the bid documents, and subsequently incorporated. This is required to fully reflect the sections of the EMP relevant to the contractor in the bid document. This would include: a. Mitigation table: In the Mitigation table, the text describing each measure should not include/repeat what is already covered under the technical specifications, which is being cross-referred. The description should focus on “what” and “where” of the mitigation / enhancement measure as the “how” of the measure is covered under the specification. b. Monitoring table: There are certain environment quality, health and safety and labour monitoring requirements for the contractor. While developing the monitoring requirements table, those that pertain to the contractor should be clearly separated in the bid document. c. Cost table: The items pertaining to the contractor should be clearly separated from those that are to be incurred by any other government agency or supervision consultant. SPU will also review the various permissions and approvals to be obtained. In order to proceed for signing of contracts. SPU to ensure the following are completed (i) all environmental permission and approvals from relevant authorities (ii) Training and capacity building activities initiated and (iii) stakeholder consultations have been conducted as required. In addition, contract documents will include references to various Legal provisions/ acts and clauses relating to the environmental and social performance, (compliance with EMP), labour management, occupational health and safety management, and the implementation of the same will be monitored by SPU Environment Specialist. 6.2.5 Monitoring 6.2.5.1 Overall EMF Monitoring An Environmental Monitoring Plan has been framed for implementation and post implementation phases covering frequency of supervision, indicators to be measured and responsibility of supervision which is given in Table 13. A responsibility matrix for implementation, supervision, verification and monitoring along with frequency of monitoring is provided in Table 14 enlisting different stakeholders like from the SPU, district line departments, contractors etc. Sample monitoring formats have been provided in Annexure- X which shall be revised during project implementation as per relevant. 6.2.5.2 Monitoring of Environmental Parameters An action plan for quality testing of environmental parameters of Air, Surface Water, Soil and Noise is provided in Annexure X. Considering short working duration at each MI tank, responsibility of monitoring of these parameters is given to Executive Engineer (EE) of respective MI division at District Level. EE will engage NABL/ MoEFCC accredited third party environmental laboratory for sample collection and laboratory analysis. Testing shall be done on quarterly basic (except monsoon season). At least 6 nos. of MI tank where civil work is in progress during reporting quarter shall be selected for sample collection. Quarterly basis sampling and testing shall be continued throughout the civil construction period at any MI tank selected randomly by EE. Sampling location shall be selected in consultation with EE of respective MI division and sampling shall be done as per methodology described in following paragraphs. Page 61 of 78 6.2.5.3 Mid-term and end-term audit The external M&E Agency hired by the SPU-OIIPCRA will undertake a mid-term and end-term evaluation of the EMP implementation in order to identify issues, good practices and make recommendations for strengthening E&S management. The evaluation will be undertaken twice during project implementation period of 6 years– at mid-term and at the end of the project. Mid-term audit shall be carried out only after implementation of 30% of project activities or after 2.5 years but before 3.5 years from the date of loan agreement with the World Bank; whichever is prior. The audit reports will be shared by the SPU with the District Level Project Monitoring Team (DLPMT), other implementing agencies and the World Bank. The audit will review implementation status of recommendations/mitigation measures and activities as proposed in the EMF to: i) assess the major environmental non-compliances and propose corrective actions. ii) prepare an audit report that clearly specifies iii) the deviations in implementing environmental measures, if any, iv) positive measures taken, v) suggestions for further improvement of social and environmental management practices, vi) to identify constraints if any in ensuring compliance to the measures outlined in the EMP. Suggested areas to be covered during mid and end term audit are provided in Annexure- X. Page 62 of 78 Chapter 7: Institutional Arrangement, Capacity Building and Budget The project will be implemented by three-line departments (Minor Irrigation -DOwR, Agriculture and Farmer Empowerment and Fisheries & Animal Resource Development) with clearly defined responsibilities. The State Project Unit (SPU) at the state level will lead the implementation. OCTDMS will manage and be responsible for implementation of the OIIPCRA project. OCTDMS has deployed a committed team of professionals at all levels, and established a State Project Unit (SPU)-OIIPCRA, at the state level for project implementation. The OIIPCRA shall be coordinated by PD-OIIPCRA. PD- OIIPCRA shall report to Executive body. Executive body will review the progress of the OIIPCRA at regular intervals and shall provide strategic directions, guidance on policy matters and resolve conflicts, if any, amongst the implementing agencies. Executive body shall be chaired by the Principal Secretary- DoWR and comprise of the Director level officers from Agriculture, Spl. Project (PR) and Fisheries. The main objective of the institutional arrangement is to ensure quality assurance and safety structures to apply environmental and social safeguards. Institutional arrangements for EMF implementation of different project components in 15 project districts would be made such that participation of different stakeholders are ensured. One dedicated environmental specialist at SPU level is deployed to manage environmental safeguard measures with the support of sectoral specialists at SPU. One external monitoring and evaluation (M&E) agency will be placed under OIIPCRA for conducting concurrent monitoring of environmental parameters on quarterly basis and periodic monitoring and evaluation of safeguard implementation. The overall implementation arrangement is given in Figure 2 and institutional and implementation arrangement for EMP implementation is given in table for EMF implementation for OIIPCRA will be as follows: Page 63 of 78 Figure 2: Insititutional arrangement for EMF 7.1 Implementation arrangement of EMF Implementation arrangement for EMF along with the respective EMPs is given in Table 14. Roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders involved in implementation, supervision and monitoring of environment safeguard measures are given in Table 15. Page 64 of 78 Environmental expert at SPU level will perform screening exercise for each work package before floating of tender. Environmental expert may consult with Block/ District level Agriculture/ Horticulture/ Fishery/ MI officer and take assistance of Agriculture/ Horticulture/ Fishery/ Irrigation (Minor) expert deputed at SPU level while performing environmental screening exercise. Project authority including contractor and beneficiaries will regularly monitor and supervise implementation of proposed mitigation measures. Project activities are grouped into mainly four categories and each category wise responsibility of EMF implementation are tabulated below. Table 14: Responsibility of EMF implementation Component Screening Implementation of mitigation Supervision/ verification Frequency Monitoring Frequency measures IPNM SPU- Environmental PD ATMA, SPU - Agronomist & Quarterly PD ATMA/ DDH Monthly Expert DDH, EE (Monitoring), Environmental Expert (seasonal)1 External M&E Agency2 Quarterly Farmers SPU - Agronomist & Environmental Expert Half yearly EMP Civil Work Minor SPU- Environmental Contractor, SPU- EE (Monitoring) Quarterly EE MI Division Monthly Irrigation Expert EE (Monitoring) and Environmental Expert QC/QA Agency Fortnightly SPU-EE (Monitoring) & Environmental Expert Quarterly Fishery SPU- Environmental Contractor/ SPU - Fishery Expert & Quarterly GM OPDC/ CIFA & DFO Monthly Expert Beneficiary, Environmental Expert SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert Quarterly EE (Monitoring), Agriculture & SPU- Environmental Contractor/ Beneficiary, SPU- Agronomist & Quarterly PD ATMA/ DDH Monthly Horticulture Expert EE (Monitoring), Environmental Expert SPU- Agronomist & Environmental Expert Quarterly EMP SPU- Environmental GM OPDC/ CIFA, SPU - Fishery Expert & Quarterly GM OPDC/ CIFA/ FISHFED & DFO Monthly Pisciculture Expert GM FISHFED, DFO, Environmental Expert SPU - Fishery Expert & Environmental Expert Quarterly Beneficiary, EE (Monitoring) Dam Safety SPU- Environmental Contractor, SPU- EE (Monitoring) Quarterly EE MI Division Monthly Expert DSP, and Environmental Expert SPU- EE (Monitoring) & Environmental Expert Quarterly EE (Monitoring) QC/QA Agency Fortnightly Note: PD ATMA = Project Director ATMA, DDH= Deputy Director of Horticulture, QSA= Quality and Supervision Agency, M&E Agency= Monitoring and Evaluation Agency, EE= Executive Engineer, GM OPDC= General Manager OPDC, MD FISHFED= Managing Director, DFO= District Fishery Officer, 1Pre, Post and Mid of Kharif and Rabi season 2Additionally, the external M&E agency shall also undertake concurrent monitoring of overall safeguards implementation in selected tanks on a quarterly basis. Page 65 of 78 Table 15: Roles and responsibility for EMF implmentation Expert Responsibility SPU - ▪ Providing environmental safeguard related technical inputs on implementation of the Environmental different interventions Specialist ▪ Site visit and screening of potential environmental impacts of projects that are proposed to be undertaken; ▪ Devising additional mitigation measures against any unforeseen impacts. Modification of EMF/ EMP (if require at all) as per guidance of Environmental safeguard specialist of the World Bank ▪ Supervising the implementation of the environmental mitigation measures ▪ Provide necessary inputs towards formulating training modules. ▪ Coordinating training sessions and awareness programs on EMF/ EMP measures. ▪ Coordinating with external M&E agency in inclusion of EMP/ EMF in bid document as well as contract document ▪ Review of quarterly EMP compliance report prepared by external M&E agency and assess requirement of any further action ▪ Review the Half yearly Environment Monitoring report and sharing it with the World Bank. SPU - Agronomist ▪ Work site visit and periodic supervision and monitoring of implementation of environmental safeguard measures related to IPNM and civil works proposed under agriculture and horticulture component SPU- EE ▪ Implementation of environmental safeguard (Monitoring) ▪ Work site visit and periodic supervision and monitoring of implementation of environmental safeguard measures related to civil works of MI tank, irrigation system and dam safety aspects SPU - Fishery ▪ Work site visit and periodic supervision and monitoring of implementation of Expert environmental safeguard measures related to civil works proposed under pisciculture component and promotion of pisciculture. EE of MI ▪ Coordinating quarterly monitoring (laboratory testing) of environmental parameters i.e. Soil, Air, Surface water and Noise Quality as per section 6.2.5.2. ▪ Work site visit and monthly basis monitoring of implementation of environmental mitigation measures related to civil work of MI tank, irrigation system and dam safety aspects PD ATMA/ ▪ Implementation of IPNM plan and periodic monitoring of same DDH GM OPDC/ ▪ Implementation of environmental safeguard measures related to promotion of CIFA pisciculture and periodic monitoring of same GM FISHFED DFO M&E Agency ▪ Assist SPU in incorporating work package specific EMP/ EMF in bid as well as contract document ▪ Prepare quarterly report on safeguard implementation (as per Annexure- X(b-1)) ▪ Preparing half yearly compliance report (as per Annexure- X(b-2)) on safeguard implementation (compiling quarterly report on safeguard implementation and testing report of environmental parameters. ▪ Conducting mid-term and end-term evaluation of E&S safeguard implementation QC/QA Agency ▪ Monitoring of implementation of environmental safeguard measures related to civil works of MI tank, irrigation system and dam safety remedial measures 7.2 Implementation Process of EMF Following step by step process will be adopted for the successful implementation of EMF and the respective EMPs (Figure 3). Project authority will develop work packages, activities in each package, detail scope under each package in line with the process provided in Figure 3. All non-permissible activities proposed under OIIPCRA shall be considered during formulation of work packages. Any of Page 66 of 78 MI project attracting any non-permissible activity or proposed project activity which is triggering any non-permissible condition shall be dropped. Figure 3: EMF Implementation Process 7.3 Reporting System for EMF The reporting system will be bottom-up and feedback mechanism will be in a top-down approach in the implementation framework. The external M&E agency will prepare report on environmental safeguards implementation of quarterly basis (sample format provided in Annexure- X which should be revised as relevant). The Environment Expert at the SPU level will review the reports and prepare the action taken report on quarterly basis and appraise to the APD-SPU. The APD-SPU, based on the review of the environment safeguard measures taken at the project level, should discuss with the PD-OIIPCRA at SPU on critical issues for decision. The external M&E agency at the SPU level will prepare half-yearly environmental monitoring reports (sample format provided in Annexure- X which should be revised as relevant) for onwards submission to Environmental specialist at SPU-OIIPCRA. Environmental specialist at SPU, after review of the report, may seek further clarification from external M&E agency/ respective contractor on critical aspects. Finally, half-yearly compliance report will be submitted to the World Bank. Page 67 of 78 7.4 Capacity Building Plan for EMF The capacity building program for the officials of SPU-OIIPCRA and other line departments at state, district and block level shall be as follows: ▪ Orientation program should be organized at the State level for all relevant stakeholders at state level involved in the implementation, supervision and monitoring of the EMF. The orientation programme shall be organised, one prior to start of the project and then during the mid-term review. ▪ Next level of orientation on Implementation, Monitoring & Supervision of EMF shall be arranged at District level inviting key district level officials who will be involved in EMF implementation, Monitoring & Supervision work. The orientation programme shall be organised, one prior to start of the project and then during the mid-term review. ▪ The next level of training should be arranged for lines departments members at district and block level. This shall be organized once in a year to acquaint all experts associated with the implementation, supervision and monitoring of EMF/ EMP. ▪ Community level training workshops on orientation/ sensitization on EMF also will be conducted inviting leader of all community institution such as PP or WUA/ FSHG/ PFCS, Farmer Group and selected beneficiaries. The workshop shall be organised, one prior to start of the project and then during the mid-term review. The orientation, training plan for the target group, implementing and resource organizations are given in Table 16. Table 16: Capacity building plan on EMF implementation Type of Training Target Group Frequency Mode of Resource Training organization STATE LEVEL Orientation/ SPU- PD, APD, EE One at launch of Presentation, Institutions Sensitization on (Monitoring), Environmental project and one Lectures and External EMF; EMF Expert, Agronomist, Agri- refresher training at Agencies Monitoring extension Officer, Fishery mid- term Mechanism Expert Line Dept.- Joint Director Agriculture, SE (MI), Deputy Director Fishery (Inland), Directorate of Horticulture, Deputy Director Fishery (Inland), Director (OPDC/ CIFA/ FISHFED/ CIFT/ CIWA) Implementation of SPU- PD, APD, EE One at launch of Presentation, Institutions EMF (Monitoring), Environmental project and one Lectures and External Expert, Agronomist, Agri- refresher training at Agencies extension Officer, Fishery mid- term Expert DIST. & BLOCK LEVEL Orientation/ DM, ADM, PD ATMA/ One at launch of Presentation, Institutions Sensitization on DDH, Asst. Agriculture project and one Lectures and External EMF; Officer, EE, Junior Engineer refresher training at Agencies Implementation of (MI Division), mid- term EMF; EMF Page 68 of 78 Type of Training Target Group Frequency Mode of Resource Training organization Monitoring GM - OPDC/ CIFA/ CIFT/ Mechanism CIWA/ FISHFED, DFO, Junior Engineer (Fishery), Asst. Fishery Officer PD ATMA, DDH, Asst. Horticulture Officer IPNM Plan PD ATMA/ DDH, Asst. One in each of the Presentation, OUAT, Agri (Updating skills and Agriculture Officer districts/ every year/ Field Entrepreneurs knowledge on IPM in district where Demonstrations, etc. and INM) Farmers there are lectures, group interventions discussions, case studies EMP on Civil Works EE, Junior Engineer (MI One in each of the Presentation; Institutions Division), districts/ every year/ Lectures and External GM OPDC/ CIFA, DFO, in district where Agencies Junior Engineer (Fishery) there are PD ATMA, DDH, Asst. interventions Horticulture Officer Contractor/ Beneficiary EMP on Pisciculture GM - OPDC/ CIFA/ CIFT/ One in each of the Field OUAT, CIWA/ FISHFED, DFO, districts/ every year/ Demonstrations, Odisha Asst. Fishery Officer in district where lectures, group there are discussions, case Fishery Entrepreneurs/ interventions studies Beneficiary Community Level Leader of all community One in each of the Presentation, Institutions Training Workshops institution such as PP or districts/at launch of Lectures, Group and External on Orientation/ WUA/ FSHG/ PFCS, Farmer project and one Discussions Agencies Sensitization on EMF Group refresher training at mid- term Page 69 of 78 7.5 Overall Budget for EMF Implementation This budget for environmental monitoring by M&E agency has already been integrated into the overall budget for engagement of third party M&E agency at SPU-OIIPCRA. Overall EMF budget is presented in the following table. SN Budget Heads Unit Qt. Unit Qt. Unit Cost Total Cost A Waste Management Disposal of Aquatic weed waste Lumpsum 25,00,000 Disposal of C&D Waste Lumpsum 20,00,000 B Environmental Quality Monitoring by EE Lumpsum 3,20,00,000 Monitoring of EMP implementation Lumpsum 40,00,000 C Capacity Building Training with Refresher SPU & State Level line Dept. Days 12 Person 6 3,500 2,52,000 Dist. level line departments Days 6 Person 30 2,500 4,50,000 Block level Line Dept. Days 6 Person 30 2,000 3,60,000 Contractors Days 3 Person 75 1,000 2,25,000 Farmers / FPO training on IPNM Days 3 Person 5000 500 75,00,000 Sub-Total 87,87,000 Exposure SPU & State Level line Dept. Days 5 Person 6 5,000 1,50,000 Dist level line departments Days 5 Person 30 3,500 5,25,000 Block level Line Dept. Days 5 Person 30 3,500 5,25,000 FPOs/ SHG/ PP or WUA Days 2 Person 60 3,000 3,60,000 Lead Farmers Days 2 Person 500 1,500 15,00,000 Sub-Total 30,60,000 Demonstration INM No. 3 Blocks 60 15,000 27,00,000 IPM No. 3 Blocks 60 15,000 27,00,000 Climate Resilient Farming Tech. No. 3 Blocks 60 15,000 27,00,000 Aquaculture No. 3 Blocks 60 15,000 27,00,000 Sub-Total 81,00,000 D Awareness Drive Workers / Labour Force No. 2 Site 75 15,000 22,50,000 IEC Materials No. 3 Copy 50,000 10 15,00,000 Sub-Total 37,50,000 E Environment Audit No. 2 50,00,000 1,00,00,000 F Cost for Dam Safety 4,00,00,000 Grand Total 11,41,97,000 * Cost in INR # Cost for capacity building and awareness drive is already considered under overall budget for project Component C: Institutional Capacity Strengthening. Page 70 of 78 Chapter 8: Disclosure of ESMF State level workshop on disclosure of draft ESMF was organised inviting representatives from stakeholders’ departments i.e Agriculture, Horticulture, Fishery, Minor Irrigation, Forest, Orissa Pisciculture Development Corporation Ltd. (OPDC), Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA), Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), State Institution of Technical Laboratory (SITL- pesticide), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), World Fish, etc. Baseline environmental situation, significant environmental issues, proposed project activities, anticipated impacts due to project implementation, proposed mitigation measures, non-permissible activities, proposed monitoring and reporting mechanism were disseminated through workshop. A detail power point presentation on measures proposed in ESMF was given and all aspects were discussed thoroughly to capture any concern/ recommendation of representatives of stakeholder’s department. Concerns/ recommendations of stakeholders are tabulated below with issue addressed in ESMF. Minutes of meeting and attendance sheet of ESMF disclosure workshop is given in Annexure- XII. Table 17: Issues raised in ESMF disclosure workshop and issue addressed in ESMF Issue Raised Addressed in EMF Whether any activity at catchment area is Project will not make any intervention in catchment proposed under OIIPCRA area. What is the requirement of preparing DIAP is yet to be prepared and may not be available (Integrated Irrigation and Agriculture Plan) during project execution. Eventually, IIAP will be IIAP, when District Irrigation and Agriculture prepared under OIIPCRA considering micro level Plan (DIAP) is being designed at district? issues. So, IIAP will be followed for project implantation. Whether any de-siltation of MI tank will be No desiltation activity is proposed under OIIPCRA. carried out? If so silt disposal plan shall be Generation of any excess earth during works will be devised for proper management of silt. used to strengthen the tank bund. World fish suggested to explore the As of now only 90 MI tanks are selected for possibility of promoting pisciculture in MI promotion of pisciculture under OIIPCRA where tanks where sufficient water is not available sufficient water is available throughout the year. throughout the year. Possibility of sustainable pisciculture where water is available for short duration will be explored in consultation with the TTL of World Bank. Whether composite or random sampling was Criteria like concrete/ earthen dam, dam height more adopted for selection of 9 number of MI tanks 10 meter, atleast one MI tank from each ACZ, considered for environmental assessment. sample from scheduled area, MI tank located near by Based on which criteria this MI tanks were area of Chilika lake, Rushikulya river were selected. considered during sample selection. Is there any large dam considered under There are 13 dams with height more than 10 m out OIIPCRA project? How SDSO are engaged of which three have height more than more than 15 for monitoring of large dams considered m are considered under OIIPCRA. As per world under OIIPCRA? bank policy, any dam with height more than 15 m are considered as large dam. A dam safety management plan is provided in the EMF. SDSO’s dam safety panel will be involved in the assessment and monitoring of all large dams in the project. Any MI tank considered under OIIPCRA, The project adopts avoidance strategy to not located nearby area or any of project activities intervene in any eco sensitive zone or forest area. Page 71 of 78 Issue Raised Addressed in EMF proposed in the nearby area of any eco Structural activities proposed under OIIPCRA will sensitive zone where IUCN red-listed mainly be confined within tank and tank command endangered species found then sufficient area. Hence any such adverse impact is not mitigation measures shall be adopted to anticipated. eliminate or minimise any impact on it. Night time civil construction activities may lead to bird mortality of migratory species. Organic waste converter or demonstration of Organic waste converter is already one of the project on-field microbe decomposition may be activities proposed under OIIPCRA. promoted to manage issues related to burning of paddy straw. Tribal people from command area as well as Tribal as well as vulnerable people from command surrounding area shall be included in project as well as non-command area will be selected during designing stage. They should be considered beneficiary selection. Beneficiaries covering tribal during selection of beneficiaries for project and other vulnerable community will be provided activities. facilities proposed under OIIPCRA and training as part of capacity building programme. Separate plan on tribal people planning framework (TPPF) for inclusion of tribal people is prepared as part of ESMF development. All these measures are already included in TPPF. Page 72 of 78