Social Protection and Jobs Responses to COVID-19:
A Real-Time Review of Country Measures
“Living paper” version 11 (June 12, 2020)
Ugo Gentilini (WB), Mohamed Almenfi (WB), Pamela Dale (UNICEF), Ana Veronica Lopez (WB),
Ingrid Veronica Mujica (WB), Rodrigo Quintana (WB), and Usama Zafar (WB)
This paper benefited enormously from contributions by Miglena Abels, Aysenur Acar, Hanan Ahli, Nazanin Akhgar, Haleem Hassan
Kashkol Al-Kazali, Amel Allahoum, Andrew Allieu, Sulaiman Al Maazmi, Noora Al Qassi, Elena Andreeva, Colin Andrews, Edward
Archibald, Temilade Aromolaran, Jehan Arulpragasam, Angela Elzir Assy, Ashiq Aziz, Indra Baatarkhuu, Reena Badiani-Magnusson,
Yusuf Bafozoda, Sarah Bailey, Paul Bance, Anna Baranova, Mehdi Barouni, Roland Berenger Berehoudougou, Martina Bergthaller,
Anush Bezhanyan, Sharon Corinne Benzoni, Mira Bierbaum, Mark Blecher, Christian Bodewig, , Stefanie Brodmann, Hugo Brousset
Chaman, Dimitriy Bychkov, Yoonyoung Cho, Tungalag Chuluun, Francesca Ciardi, Emmanuelle Collet, Facundo Cuevas, Matthew
Cummins, Pamela Dale, James Damon, Louise Moreira Daniel, Marie-Christina Dankmeyer, Benedicte Leroy De La Briere, Gustavo
Demarco, Anastasiya Denisova, Malin Linnea Sofia Ed, Randa El-Rashidi, Gerardo Escaroz, Fatou Fall, Maliha Fanning, Olesia
Feoktistova, Katharina Maria Fietz, Gabrielle Fox, Nicholas Freeland, Luis Frota, Carlos Galian, Jordi Jose Gallego-Ayala, Maria
Concepcion Steta Gandara, Elena Glinskaya, Elisaveta Gouretskaia, Rebekka Grun, Sabina Guliyeva, Sibusiso Gumbi, Melis Guven,
Courtney Hallink, Mahdi Halmi, Siddharth Hari, Gonzalo Javier Reyes Hartley, Abu Yadetta Hateu, Alessandra Heinemann, Himanshi
Jain, Johannes Hoenigl, Maddalena Honorati, Armenuhi Hovakimyan, Su Su Htay, Roberto Iacono, Adina-Maria Iorganda, Kumiko
Imai, Adina-Maria Iorganda, Buthaina al-Iryani, Aylin Isik-Dikmelik, Marijana Jasarevic, Mustafa Kadhim Mohammed, Amjad Zafar
Khan, Alex Kamurase, Sandor Karacsony, Dmitri Karasyov, Selma Kasic, Yasuhiro Kawasoe, Ayaba Gilberte Kedote, Qaiser Khan,
Johannes Koettl, Julian Alexander Koschorke, Mona Korsgard, Adea Kryeziu, Francesca Lamanna, Maria Laura, Aleksandar Lazovski,
Matthieu Lefebvre, Kook Hee Lee, Phillippe George Leite, Louisa Lippi, Christina Lowe, Mattias Lundberg, Mattia Makovic, Iftikhar
Malik, Alicia C. Marguerie, Jonathan Marskell, Ana Georgina Marin Espinosa, Alessandra Marini, Erica Mattellone, Shea McClanahan,
Karla McEvoy, Cem Mete, Andrei Mikhnev, Natalia Millan, Emma Mistiaen, Anita Mittal, Khalid Ahmed Ali Moheyddeen, Matteo
Morgandi, Harry Edmund Moroz, Lindi Mzankomo, Martien Van Nieuwkoop, Desislava Enikova Nikolova, NIFI (Research Institute
of Finance, Moscow), Nga Nguyet Nguyen, Noel Muller, Anthony Njage, Marina Novikova, Marija Novkovic, Foluke Adetola Ojelabi,
Philip O’Keefe, Yulia Olenik, Vitorino Mello Oliveira, Ian Orton, Mirey Ovadiya, Efsan Nas Ozen, Truman Packard, Karuna Pal,
Robert Palacios, Montserrat Pallares-Miralles, Ekaterina Pankratova, Ana Pantelic, Jasmina Papa, Clemente Avila Parra, Kenia Parsons,
Nathalie Pazmino, Luca Pellerano, Remy Pigois, Ariel Pino, Juul Pinxten, Lucian Bucur Pop, Aleksandra Posarac, Nadine Poupart, Ana
Prodanovic, Pamela Pozarny, Ma. Lourdes M. Rivera, Nina Rosas Raffo, Amanina Binti Abdur Rahman, Zandile Portia Ratshitanga, F.
Zehra Rizvi, Ruth Reyes Rodriguez, Mba Minko Djekombe Rony, Pedro Rosas, Friederike Uta Rother, Solene Rougeaux, Monica
Rubio, Mira Saidi, Manuel Salazar, Marijana Šalinović, Glayson dos Sonya Sampson, Gevorg Sargsyan Indhira Santos, Karin Schelzig,
Achim Schmillen, Anita Schwarz, Sirma Demir Seker, Karin Seyfert, Ivan Shulga, Nuno Cunha Meira Simoes, Karan Singhal, Benjamin
Kakule Sivasima, Charles Chilufya SJ, Andrius Skarnulis, Oleksiy A. Sluchynskyy, Rene Antonio Leon Solano, Tayana Charisse
Oliveira de Souza, Tayllor Spadafora, Federico Spano, Maya Stern-Plaza, Victoria Strokova, Anna Sukhova, Changqing Sun, Kalilou
Sylla, Claudia Zambra Taibo, Caroline Anne Isabelle Tassot, Emil Tesliuc, Mauro Testaverde, Samman Thapa, Andrei Tretyak, Julieta
M. Trias, Fiona Stewart, Gulsana Turusbekova, Emre Uckardesler, Silas Udahemuka, Uladzimir Valetka, Rashiel Velvarde, Fabio
Veras, Andrea Vermehren, Dewen Wang, Michael Weber, Asha M. Williams, Penny Williams, Briana Wilson, Natalia Winder-Rossi,
Gelila Woodeneh, Yuliya Yafimenka, Ruslan G. Yemtsov, Soonhwa Yi, Alketa Zazo, Nahla Zeitoun, Lansong Zhang, Yukun Zhu,
Roman Zhukovskyi, Mustapha Ziroili, Rocco Zizzamia, and Maria Zlatareva. Special thanks go to Claudia Rodriguez-Alas and the
ASPIRE team at the World Bank, as well as to Michal Rutkowski and David Stewart for their precious guidance and support. This
review present preliminary findings and should be interpreted with caution. For more information, please contact Ugo Gentilini
(ugentilini@worldbank.org).
1
After nearly 3 months since version 1 of this paper was released, the number of countries and territories
as well as social protection measures continue to climb. Since March 20, the number of countries quadrupled,
while measures soared almost tenfold. Currently, 195 countries/territories have planned or introduced social
protection measures in response to Covid-19. While this review’s version 11 will later provide a fresh look at
which measures are planned, ongoing and ended, our repository of country actions now reached the four-digit
milestone of 1024 measures (figure 1).
Figure 1. Trends in number of countries/territories and social protection measures
200 195 1200
190
181
180 171
1024
159 1000
Number of countries/territories (bars_
160 151 937
870
Number of measures (line)
140 133
126 803 800
752
120
106 685
100 600
84 564
80 505
418 400
60
45
283
40
200
20 103
0 0
20. Mar 27. Mar 3. April 10. April 17. April 24. April 1. May 8. May 15. May 22. May 12. June
Social assistance accounts for most of the social protection response. A total of 621 measures were recorded,
accounting for 60% of the response. Nearly 50% of those safety net measures, and about 30% of global measures,
are various forms of cash-based transfers. Besides 271 targeted cash transfer programs in 131 countries,
interventions include 6 universal transfers, 5 of which one-off, and a robust number (25) of social pension schemes
(table 1). In-kind transfers are also substantial, with 23% of the social assistance portfolio including the
distribution of food commodities, vouchers and school feeding programs. Both in-kind transfers and cash have
bene growing steadily over time (figure 2). Finally, 14 public works programs are present in 11 countries.
Table 1. Social assistance program type N. of measures N. of countries
Cash transfers (conditional and unconditional) 271 131
Universal one-off cash 5 5
Childcare support 9 9
Social pensions 25 22
Sub-total (all cash-based measures) 310 133
In-kind food/voucher schemes 116 87
School feeding 27 25
Sub-total (all in-kind measures) 143 96
Utility and financial obligation support (waiver/postponement) 154 93
Public works 14 11
Total 621 173
2
Figure 2. Trends in cash-based and in-kind transfers measures
350
300 310
283
264
250
Number of measures
244 246
214
200
186
165
150 146 143
130
111 120
100 107 100
88
73
62
50 43
22
0
27. Mar 3. April 10. April 17. April 24. April 1. May 8. May 15. May 22. May 12. June
Cash-based measures In-kind support measures
Cash transfer programs tend to be of short duration and relatively generous in size. Information on duration
is available for 70 cash transfer measures ranging from 1 to 12 months, for an average of 3.1 months (figure 3).
In terms of generosity, data form 209 countries show that average transfers almost doubled (+93%). Increases
more than doubled in five countries (Mongolia, Trinidad and Tobago, Egypt, South Korea and Brazil). Overall,
transfers represent 30% of average monthly GDP per capita – a 5 points increase since last update in late May
(figure 4).
Figure 3. Duration of cash transfer programs (months)
12 months 1
6 months 9
4 months 2
3-6 months 2
3 months 34
2 months 8
1.5 months 1
1 month 13
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Number of measures
3
Figure 4. Generosity of cash transfers as % of pre-Covid19 level (left) and of monthly GDP/capita
Belarus 15%
Moldova 21%
Turkey 29% Average 30%
Kosovo 30%
Turkey 38%
Barbados 40%
Russia 50% UMIC 21%
Armenia 50%
Cameron 61%
Angola 67%
LMIC 46%
Average 97%
Turks and Caicos… 100%
Indonesia 100%
Dominican… 100% LIC 47%
Albania 100%
Brazil 140%
South Korea 150%
Egypt 157% HIC 26%
Trinidad and… 200%
Mongolia 400%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
0% 100% 200% 300% 400% 500%
% montly GDP/pc
% increase from pre-C19 level
Overall, social assistance continues to be adapted to the crisis in 3 ways. A total of 63 programs in 47 countries
have adapted their administrative systems to make it easier for people to access programs, including advance
payments waiving conditionalities, remote applications, etc. More generous transfers are provided for 75
programs in 54 countries, both in terms of higher transfer levels and extra payment cycles. Scale-up of program
coverage is occurring in 167 countries and concerns 466 measures. Among them, existing programs are being
scaled-up in 23 cases. A total of 179 cash transfer programs are new (58% of the total cash-based transfers), 75
of which are on-off measures (25% of the total). Table 2 and figure 5 report on those adaptations.
Table 2. Adaptation of social assistance N. of programs N. of countries
Increase in existing benefits 75 54
Vertical expansion 53
Additional payment 22
Scale up coverage 466 167
Existing programs 23 18
New programs 443 160
one-off (targeted) 70
one-of (universal) 5
non-one off (universal) 1
non-one off (targeted) 367
Both vertical and horizontal expansion 17 13
Administration 63 47
Total 621 173
4
Figure 5. Adaptations in cash transfers
Vertical expansion
(more generous or
Increase in both adequacy
adequate transfers) Increase in adequacy
and coverage
[54 countries, 75 measures]
[13 countries, 17 measures]
Coverage increase
Admin adaptation
[167 countries, 466
[47 countries, 63 measures]
measures]
Horizontal expansion (coverage scale up)
The number of individuals that benefit from social assistance in various ways is staggering . Based on our
analysis, 4 sets of numbers can be considered: if we consider the full set of ways in which programs are adapted
(i.e., administration, adequacy and coverage), these have benefitted over 1.7 billion people (1,775,606,790). Using
the same criteria, but restricting it only to cash-based measures, these have reached 1.2 billion individuals
(1,297,710,250). If we examine the sole metric of coverage levels for cash transfers, then such scale-up covered
1.1 billion people (1,142,065,485). Such level would increase by about half a billion people if also in-kind
transfers are included (1,672,407,675).
Where have cash transfers been scaled-up the most from their pre-Covid levels? Out of a sample of 18
countries, Myanmar and Nigeria present some stunning, four-digit rates because of their low initial levels of
coverage. If we exclude those exceptional cases, the average rate of increase in cash transfers coverage is about
233%. Similarly, the Congo Republic and Madagascar have made remarkable scale-up efforts despite their very
low initial coverage. Other countries like Indonesia and Bangladesh also present substantial scale up rates despite
the relatively higher initial coverage levels.
Post-
Pre-C19 coverage Latest C-19 coverage COVID Percentage
Table 3. Country scale-up (individuals) Year (individuals) coverage change
Myanmar 241,824 2016 21,000,000 21,241,824 8684%
Nigeria 885,089 2015 9,330,714 10,215,803 1054%
Congo, Rep. 43,455 2016 430,000 473,455 990%
Costa Rica 294,987 2015 1,428,000 1,722,987 484%
Madagascar 192,341 2018 705,000 897,341 367%
Bolivia 3,417,803 2015 11,000,000 14,417,803 322%
Guinea 505,530 2019 1,600,000 2,105,530 316%
Egypt 5,929,126 2018 18,500,000 24,429,126 312%
5
Colombia 4,651,872 2019 13,250,000 17,901,872 285%
Bangladesh 15,132,772 2016 24,710,691 39,843,463 163%
Morocco 2,315,080 2016 3,000,000 5,315,080 130%
Dominican Republic 5,995,989 2018 6,828,500 12,824,489 114%
Indonesia 75,223,184 2018 83,200,000 158,423,184 111%
Chile 12,317,129 2018 7,200,000 19,517,129 58%
Guatemala 7,760,023 2013 2,000,000 9,760,023 26%
Armenia 642,467 2017 148,235 790,701 23%
Kazakhstan 7,950,652 2017 1,500,000 9,450,652 19%
Georgia 2,778,646 2017 350,400 3,129,046 13%
Source: Pre-Covid coverage of cash transfers is from administrative data included in the Atlas of Social Protection Indicators of
Resilience and Equity (ASPIRE) database.
The coverage of cash and in-kind transfers varies by region. The coverage of cash transfers has increased over
the past month, especially in East Asia and Pacific (figure 6). On average, 15% of the world’s population is
covered by cash transfers, ranging from 2% in Africa to 22% in North America and LAC. The global average
increases to 22%, mostly because of large-scale in-kind schemes in India. Country-level figures for cash transfers
are laid out in figure 7, while figure 8 provides regional breakdowns.
Figure 6. Cash transfers beneficiaries by region over time
500
EAP, 475
Cash transfer beneficiaries (M individuals)
400
300 SAR, 306
200
LAC, 139
100
NA, 80
MNA, 64
ECA, 57
AFR, 21
0
1.May 8.May 15. May 22. May 12-Jun
6
Figure 7. Cash transfers as % of population by country
100.00%
Tuvalu
South Korea 100.00%
Japan 99.98%
Bolivia 96.89%
Hong-Kong 93.95%
Malaysia 83.32%
Singapore 81.58%
Venezuela 80.00%
Philippines 79.32%
Peru 75.46%
El Salvador 74.76%
Serbia 71.61%
Dominican Republic 64.26%
Haiti 59.34%
Myanmar 39.10%
Chile 38.44%
Pakistan 36.54%
Indonesia 31.08%
Algeria 30.74%
Tunisia 30.54%
Iran 29.95%
Costa Rica 28.56%
Zimbabwe 28.40%
Australia 27.22%
Colombia 26.69%
US 24.39%
Paraguay 21.82%
Argentina 20.23%
Panama 20.11%
Turkey 19.92%
Sri Lanka 18.83%
Egypt 18.80%
Russia 18.69%
Bangladesh 15.31%
India 14.79%
Jordan 14.13%
Thailand 12.96%
Guinea 12.89%
Guatemala 11.60%
Spain 10.68%
Georgia 9.40%
Morocco 8.33%
Kazakhstan 8.21%
Somalia 8.00%
Cabo Verde 7.83%
Congo, Rep. 7.79%
Togo 6.34%
Greece 6.06%
Angola 5.19%
Armenia 5.02%
Nigeria 4.76%
Mauritania 4.16%
South Sudan 3.92%
Montenegro 3.28%
Sierra Leone 2.71%
Madagascar 2.68%
North Macedonia 2.68%
Azerbaijan 2.01%
Rwanda 1.96%
Ukraine 1.73%
Brazil 1.58%
Barbados 1.52%
Uzbekistan 0.95%
West Bank and Gaza 0.79%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
7
Figure 8. Cash and in-kind transfers as % of population by region
40% 39%
35%
30%
21%20% 22% 22%22% 22%
20% 17%
14%14% 15%
10% 6% 6%
5%
2%
0%
AFR EAP ECA LAC MNA NA SAR Global
Cash and in-kind coverage Cash coverage
Importantly, how many of country measures are planned, ongoing or ended in practice? This is an important
question to get a firmer sense of the action at country level. While reporting data is often limited, patchy and
unavailable, we re-surveyed all the 621 social assistance measures with a view of understanding their ‘state in
implementation’ (table 4). Information was available for about 31% of the sample, or 195 measures. Out of these,
72% (141 measures) are ongoing, while the rest of the portfolio is either planned (13%) or completed (14%) at
this time. A similar assessment is underway for social insurance and labor market programs.
Table 4. State in implementation Planned Ongoing Ended Total
Cash transfers (conditional and unconditional) 21 74 22 117
Universal one-off cash 1 4 0 5
Childcare support 1 2 0 3
Social pensions 0 5 2 7
In-kind food/voucher schemes 2 20 3 25
School feeding 0 1 0 1
Utility and financial waivers/postponements 1 33 1 35
Public works 0 2 0 2
Total 26 141 28 195
Covid-19 has shed light on a range of vulnerabilities, including in urban areas. For this purpose, we re-
examined the dataset to identify the number of programs that have been designed to address the particular needs
emerging in urban settings. A total of 21 programs have such urban lens, with 1 (Kenya) specifically designed for
slums. While the latter is a public works scheme, most programs (14) are cash or in-kind transfers, followed by
public works (2), school feeding (2) and utility support (2).
Turning to other key social protection components, 263 social insurance programs are present in 125
countries. Most programs include unemployment benefits (79 measures), followed by wavers, deferment or
subsidization of social security contributions (61). Also paid sick leave is a significant intervention adopted for
Covid-19 (59), and so are ways in which pensions were adapted (49). Table 5 sets out those measures.
8
Table 5. Social insurance program type N. of measures N. of countries
Paid sick support 59 49
Healthcare insurance support 15 14
Pension 49 35
Social security contribution waiver/subsidy 61 53
Unemployment benefit 79 64
Total programs 263 125
Supply-side, worker-related labor market programs are now featured in 140 programs and 85 countries.
As in previous editions of this review, wage subsidies are the premier vehicle utilized for Covid response on the
labor front. These now include 78 measures in 67 countries. Other measures include labor market regulation
adjustments (27 cases), 23 activation initiatives, and shorter-time arrangements (12). Table 6 lays out those
interventions.
Table 6. Labor markets program type N. of measures N. of countries
Wage subsidy 78 67
Activation (training) measures 23 19
Labor regulation adjustment 27 23
Shorter work time benefits 12 10
Total programs 140 85
Regions present different combinations of social protection components. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region
with the highest share of social assistance (83%), followed by South Asia (76%) and Latin America and the
Caribbean (71%). Only in Europe and Central Asia safety net transfers are less than half of the regional portfolio.
Social insurance is particularly extensive in North America (44%), while East Asia present the largest share of
labor market measures (20%). The latter as just 5% in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia (figure 9).
Figure 9. Social protection composiiton by region
Social Assistance Social Insurance Labor Markets
100% 5% 5%
10% 11% 6%
20% 18% 14%
12%
20%
80% 19%
34% 44% 26%
24%
35%
60%
40% 83%
71% 76%
56% 55% 61%
47% 50%
20%
0%
What about countries in conflict and fragile situations? Table 7 presents new analysis for those countries, with
57 social assistance measures, complemented by 9 and 4 social insurance and labor market programs, respectively.
Many of the most fragile countries globally have no measures put in place – including Central African Republic,
Syria, Yemen, Burundi, and Eritrea, among others.
9
Table 7. FCS Country SA measures SI measures LM measures
HIGH-INTENSITY CONFLICTS
Afghanistan 1
Central African Republic
Libya 1
Somalia 1
South Sudan 1
Syria
Yemen
MEDIUM-INTENSITY CONFLICT
Burkina Faso 5
Burundi
Cameron 2 3
Congo, Dem. Rep 1
Iraq 2
Mali 3
Niger 1
Nigeria 3
Sudan 1
HIGH INSTITUTIONAL AND SOCIAL FRAGILITY
Chad 1
Comoros
Congo, Rep. 3
Eritrea
Gambia, The 1
Guinea-Bissau 2
Haiti 2 1
Kiribati
Kosovo 5 2 1
Lebanon 3 1
Liberia 3
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Fed. Sts. 1 1
Myanmar 5 2
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands 1
Tuvalu 1
Venezuela 4 1
Zimbabwe 2
West Bank and Gaza 2
Total 57 9 4
10
How much are countries spending on social protection responses? For a subset of countries for which data is
available (64 in the case of social assistance, 20 for insurance, and 17 for labor markets), a total of $589 billion
is being reported. This represents an increase of $48 billion since the last update in late May. This is about 0.4%
of GDP, if we consider $142 trillion as the world’s GDP. Such level of investment is in line with overall social
protection spending that occurred as part of the global response to the 2010 financial crisis. However, per capita
spending is variable: this ranges from $123 in high-income countries to a mere $1 in low-income settings;
similarly, South Asia only provides $3/capita (Table 8).
Table 8. Social Assistance Social insurance Labor Markets Spending pc
Countries Spending ($) Countries Spending ($) Countries Spending ($) $/per capita
LIC 9 249872606.4 0 - 0 - 1
LMIC 12 35759750595 3 1014126211 2 1076579479 6
UMIC 25 22548434909 11 12493280113 8 4,699,728,031 24
HIC 17 5.02811E+11 6 2767439265 7 6030679534 123
561,369,009,001 16,274,845,590 11,806,987,044 $53
AFR 19 3,383,313,304 1 86,207 2 2,245,495,495 5
EAP 12 158,407,934,960 5 1,191,239,269 6 7,743,990,427 142
ECA 14 74,493,079,917 4 332,951,157 6 1,013,330,007 58
LAC 13 10,138,849,969 6 13,036,568,956 1 260,000,000 42
MNA 3 703,450,000 2 1,709,000,000 2 544,171,114 23
NA 1 290,005,000,000 1 5,000,000 0 - 295
SAR 2 24,237,380,850 0 - 0 - 3
561,369,009,001 16,274,845,590 11,806,987,044 53
11
Countries with planned or ongoing social protection responses to COVID-19 as of June 12, 2020 (n=195; gray = no data/measures reported)
12
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Afghanistan ✓
Albania ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Algeria ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Angola ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Anguilla (UK) ✓ ✓
Antigua and
Barbuda ✓ ✓ ✓
Argentina ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Armenia ✓ ✓ ✓
Aruba ✓ ✓
Australia ✓ ✓ ✓
Austria ✓ ✓ ✓
Azerbaijan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Bahamas,
the ✓ ✓
Bahrain ✓ ✓ ✓
Bangladesh ✓ ✓
Barbados ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Belarus ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Belgium ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Belize ✓ ✓ ✓
Benin ✓
Bermuda ✓ ✓
Bhutan ✓ ✓
Bolivia ✓ ✓ ✓
Bosnia &
Herzegovina ✓ ✓ ✓
13
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Botswana ✓ ✓ ✓
Brazil ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
British Virgin
Islands ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Brunei
Darussalam ✓
Bulgaria ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Burkina Faso ✓ ✓
Cabo Verde ✓ ✓ ✓
Cambodia ✓ ✓ ✓
Cameron ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Canada ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Caribbean
Netherlands ✓ ✓
Cayman
Islands ✓ ✓ ✓
Chad ✓
Chile ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
China ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Code d’lvoire ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Colombia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Congo, Dem.
Rep ✓
Congo, Rep. ✓ ✓
Cook Island ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Costa Rica ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Croatia ✓ ✓
Cuba ✓
14
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Curacao ✓ ✓
Cyprus ✓ ✓
Czechia ✓ ✓
Denmark ✓
Djibouti ✓
Dominica ✓
Dominican
Republic ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Ecuador ✓ ✓ ✓
Egypt ✓ ✓ ✓
El Salvador ✓ ✓ ✓
Equatorial
Guinea ✓
Estonia ✓ ✓ ✓
Eswatini ✓ ✓
Ethiopia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Fiji ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Finland ✓ ✓
France ✓ ✓
Gabon ✓ ✓
Gambia, The ✓
Georgia ✓ ✓ ✓
Germany ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Ghana ✓ ✓ ✓
Gibraltar ✓
Greece ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Grenada ✓ ✓ ✓
15
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Guatemala ✓ ✓
Guernsey ✓ ✓ ✓
Guinea ✓ ✓
Guinea-
Bissau ✓ ✓
Guyana ✓ ✓
Haiti ✓ ✓ ✓
Honduras ✓
Hong-Kong ✓ ✓
Hungary ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Iceland ✓ ✓ ✓
India ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Indonesia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Iran ✓ ✓
Iraq ✓ ✓
Ireland ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Israel ✓
Italy ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Jamaica ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Japan ✓ ✓ ✓
Jordan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Kazakhstan ✓ ✓ ✓
Kenya ✓ ✓ ✓
Kosovo ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Kuwait ✓
Kyrgyz
Republic ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
16
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Latvia ✓ ✓
Lebanon ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Lesotho ✓ ✓ ✓
Liberia ✓ ✓
Libya ✓
Liechtenstein ✓
Lithuania ✓ ✓ ✓
Luxembourg ✓ ✓ ✓
Madagascar ✓ ✓ ✓
Malawi ✓
Malaysia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Maldives ✓ ✓ ✓
Mali ✓ ✓
Malta ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Mauritania ✓ ✓
Mauritius ✓ ✓
Mexico ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Micronesia,
Fed. Sts. ✓ ✓
Moldova ✓ ✓ ✓
Monaco ✓ ✓
Mongolia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Montenegro ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Montserrat
(UK) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Morocco ✓ ✓ ✓
Mozambique ✓ ✓
17
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Myanmar ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Namibia ✓ ✓
Nepal ✓ ✓ ✓
Netherlands ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
New Zealand ✓ ✓ ✓
Nicaragua ✓
Niger ✓
Nigeria ✓ ✓ ✓
North
Macedonia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Northern
Mariana
Islands ✓ ✓
Norway ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Oman ✓ ✓
Pakistan ✓ ✓
Panama ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Papua New
Guinea ✓
Paraguay ✓
Peru ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Philippines ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Poland ✓ ✓ ✓
Portugal ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Qatar ✓ ✓
Romania ✓ ✓ ✓
Russia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Rwanda ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
18
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Saint Lucia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Samoa ✓ ✓ ✓
Sao Tome
and Principe ✓
Saudi Arabia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Senegal ✓ ✓
Serbia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Seychelles ✓
Sierra Leone ✓ ✓
Singapore ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Sint Maarten
(Dutch part) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Slovak
Republic ✓ ✓ ✓
Slovenia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Solomon
Islands ✓
Somalia ✓
South Africa ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
South Korea ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
South Sudan ✓
Spain ✓ ✓ ✓
Sri Lanka ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
St Kitts and
Nevis ✓ ✓
St. Vincent
and the
Grenadines ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Sudan ✓
19
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
Suriname ✓ ✓
Sweden ✓ ✓
Switzerland ✓ ✓
Taiwan ✓
Tajikistan ✓
Thailand ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Timor-Leste ✓ ✓
Togo ✓ ✓
Tonga ✓ ✓ ✓
Trinidad and
Tobago ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Tunisia ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Turkey ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Turks and
Caicos
islands ✓ ✓
Tuvalu ✓
Uganda ✓ ✓ ✓
UK ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Ukraine ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
United Arab
Emirates ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Uruguay ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
US ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Uzbekistan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Vanuatu ✓ ✓
Venezuela ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Vietnam ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
20
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE LABOR MARKETS
Cash- Utility Pensions
In-kind (in- Health Social security Labor Reduced
based Public and Paid and Wage Activation
Countries kind/school insurance contributions regulation work time
transfers Works financial leave/unemployment disability subsidy (training)
feeding) support (waiver/subsidy) adjustment subsidy
* support benefits
West Bank
and Gaza ✓ ✓
Zambia ✓ ✓
Zimbabwe ✓
21
Countries and territories
1. Afghanistan 37. Chad 77. Guyana 118. Monaco 157. Singapore
2. Albania 38. Chile 78. Haiti 119. Montenegro 158. Sint Maarten
3. Algeria 39. China 79. Honduras 120. Montserrat (UK) 159. Slovakia
4. Angola 40. Côte d’lvoire 80. Hong-Kong 121. Morocco 160. Slovenia
5. Anguilla (UK) 41. Colombia 81. Hungary 122. Mozambique 161. Solomon Islands
6. Antigua and Barbuda 42. Congo, Dem. Rep. 82. Iceland 123. Myanmar 162. Somalia
7. Argentina 43. Congo, Rep. 83. India 124. Namibia 163. South Africa
8. Armenia 44. Cook Island 84. Indonesia 125. Nepal 164. South Korea
9. Aruba (Netherlands) 45. Costa Rica 85. Iran 126. Netherlands 165. South Sudan
10. Australia 46. Croatia 86. Iraq 127. New Zealand 166. Spain
11. Austria 47. Cuba 87. Ireland 128. Nicaragua 167. Sri Lanka
12. Azerbaijan 48. Curaçao (Netherlands) 88. Israel 129. Niger 168. Sudan
13. Bahamas 49. Cyprus 89. Italy 130. Nigeria 169. Suriname
14. Bahrain 50. Czechia 90. Jamaica 131. Northern Mariana 170. Sweden
15. Bangladesh 51. Denmark 91. Japan Islands (U.S) 171. Switzerland
16. Barbados 52. Djibouti 92. Jordan 132. North Macedonia 172. Tajikistan
17. Belarus 53. Dominica 93. Kazakhstan 133. Norway 173. Taiwan
18. Belgium 54. Dominican Republic 94. Kenya 134. Oman 174. Thailand
19. Belize 55. Ecuador 95. Kosovo 135. Pakistan 175. Timor Leste
20. Benin 56. Egypt 96. Kuwait 136. Panama 176. Togo
21. Bermuda (UK) 57. El Salvador 97. Kyrgyz Republic 137. Papua New Guinea 177. Tonga
22. Bhutan 58. Equatorial Guinea 98. Latvia 138. Paraguay 178. Trinidad and Tobago
23. Bolivia 59. Estonia 99. Lebanon 139. Peru 179. Tunisia
24. Bosnia & Herzegovina 60. Eswatini 100. Lesotho 140. Philippines 180. Turkey
25. Botswana 61. Ethiopia 101. Liberia 141. Poland 181. Turks and Caicos Islands
26. Brazil 62. Fiji 102. Libya 142. Portugal (UK)
27. British Virgin Islands 63. Finland 103. Liechtenstein 143. Qatar 182. Tuvalu
(UK) 64. France 104. Lithuania 144. Romania 183. UAE
28. Brunei Darussalam 65. Gabon 105. Luxembourg 145. Russia 184. Uganda
29. Bulgaria 66. Gambia, The 106. Madagascar 146. Rwanda 185. UK
30. Burkina Faso 67. Georgia 107. Malawi 147. Saint Lucia 186. Ukraine
31. Cabo Verde 68. Germany 108. Maldives 148. Saint Kitts and Nevis 187. Uruguay
32. Cambodia 69. Ghana 109. Malaysia 149. Saint Vincent and the 188. USA
33. Cameroon 70. Gibraltar (UK) 110. Mali Grenadines 189. Uzbekistan
34. Canada 71. Greece 111. Malta 150. Samoa 190. Vanuatu
35. Caribbean 72. Grenada 112. Mauritania 151. Sao Tome and 191. Venezuela
(Netherlands) 73. Guatemala 113. Mauritius Principe 192. Vietnam
36. Cayman Islands (UK) 74. Guernsey (UK) 114. Mexico 152. Saudi Arabia 193. West Bank and Gaza
75. Guinea 115. Micronesia 153. Senegal 194. Zambia
76. Guinea-Bissau 116. Moldova 154. Serbia 195. Zimbabwe
117. Mongolia 155. Seychelles
156. Sierra Leone
22
2
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https://beyond.co.ao/medidas-imediatas-de-estimulo-para-empresas-e-particulares-em-resposta-a-pandemia-do-coronavirus/
15
https://beyond.co.ao/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Memorando-de-propostas-de-medidas_Codiv_19_AO.pdf
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17
16
http://www.gov.ai/documents/2020%20Budget%20Address.pdf
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https://www.facebook.com/675762122516480/videos/221429098944378/
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https://agenciapais.com/2020/03/20/quienes-aun-no-recibieron-la-tarjeta-alimentar-recibiran-el-dinero-por-medio-de-la-auh/
25
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/tarjeta-alimentar-se-acreditara-un-refuerzo-extraordinario
38
26
•
27
•
28
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https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/227052/20200320
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https://cdn.wfp.org/2020/school-feeding-map/
28
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/coronavirus/medidas-gobierno
29
https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/227120/20200325
39
30
•
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30
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/coronavirus/medidas-gobierno
40
•
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41
32
31
https://www.gov.am/en/
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31
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http://www.gobierno.aw/news/news_47033/item/procedure-for-the-emergency-funds-for-social-assistance-fase_48785.html
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https://www.dss.gov.au/about-the-department/coronavirus-covid-19-information-and-support
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https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-03/Overview-Economic_Response_to_the_Coronavirus.pdf
40
https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-05/Overview-Economic_Response_to_the_Coronavirus_3.pdf
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http://www.premier.tas.gov.au/releases/ministerial_statement_covid-19_response_measures
42
https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-03/Fact_sheet-Early_Access_to_Super.pdf
50
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43
43
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-30/coronavirus-wage-subsidies-government-businesses-workers/12103108
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45
44
https://www.bmf.gv.at/public/top-themen/corona-hilfspaket-faq.html
https://www.wko.at/service/haertefall-fonds-epu-kleinunternehmen.html
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53
•
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48
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https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/azerbaijan-takes-measures-to-mitigate-covid-19-impact-on-economy-social-life-2020-4-6-1/
52
https://cabmin.gov.az/az/document/4382/
53
https://cabmin.gov.az/az/document/4381/
56
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54
https://cabmin.gov.az/az/document/4371/
57
56
55
http://www.bahamas.gov.bs/wps/portal/public/gov/government/news/
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http://magneticmediatv.com/2020/04/campbell-outlines-measures-undertaken-by-social-services-in-light-of-covid-19/
59
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58
https://www.moh.gov.bh/COVID19/Details/3969
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https://tbsnews.net/coronavirus-chronicle/covid-19-bangladesh/pm-launch-disbursement-cash-aid-50-lakh-families-tomorrow
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62
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https://www.thedailystar.net/business/news/unprecedented-bailout-package-the-way-1885042
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https://www.breakingbelizenews.com/2020/03/30/pm-barrow-says-stipends-for-the-unemployed-to-be-disbursed-this-week-discusses-other-financial-measures/
74
https://www.breakingbelizenews.com/2020/03/18/minister-faber-confirms-school-closures-on-covid-19/
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https://kuenselonline.com/tourism-stimulus-package-to-benefit-2436/
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http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2020/Mpv/mpv927.htm
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http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2020/mpv/mpv936.htm
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https://bvi.gov.vg/media-centre/water-charges-suspended-one-month
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https://www.bvibeacon.com/62-9m-stimulus-package-unveiled/
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https://www.mlsp.government.bg/index.php?section=PRESS2&prid=1977&lang=
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https://www.me.government.bg/bg
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98
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https://www.mlsp.government.bg/blizo-102-000-sluzhiteli-ot-nad-7400-firmi-zapazvat-rabotnite-si-mesta
107
https://www.bnt.bg/en/a/coronavirus-government-allocates-funds-for-increased-costs-of-ministries
108
https://www.investor.bg/ikonomika-i-politika/332/a/dyrjavata-zadelia-45-mlrd-lv-za-podkrepa-na-ikonomikata-zaradi-koronavirusa-301072/
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https://expressodasilhas.cv/pais/2020/03/27/governo-garante-rendimento-a-30-mil-trabalhadores-informais/68653
113
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https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-trudeau-says-new-merged-benefits-will-help-workers-affected-by-covid/
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https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/employment-business/covid-19-financial-
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https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/corporate/notices/coronavirus.html
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https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/seniors-supports-covid19-1.5565743
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https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-amid-coronavirus-lockdown-up-govt-transfers-rs-611-crore-to-27-lakh-mnrega-workers/349701
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https://www.gov.ie/en/service/578596-covid-19-wage-subsidy/
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https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/business/2020/05/govt-creates-26000-jobs-for-kenyans-living-in-slums/
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https://www.kenyanews.go.ke/mandera-launches-kazi-mtaani/
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https://covid19.gov.lv/en/podderzhka-zhitelyam/ekonomika/dlya-rabotnikov/issuance-sick-leave-certificates
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https://covid19.gov.lv/en/support-society/economics/entrepreneurs/allowance-idle-time
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http://www.liechtensteinusa.org/article/measures-taken-in-liechtenstein-in-response-to-the-coronavirus-pandemic
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300
ecur lity b
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301 302
301
https://www.mitradel.gob.pa/acciones-preventivas-de-contagio-de-covid-19-en-espacios-laborales-seran-obligatorias/
302
https://www.mitradel.gob.pa/ejecutivo-regula-temporalmente-las-modificaciones-a-la-jornada-de-trabajo-ante-pandemia-de-covid-19/
345
303
•
346
https://nasfund.com.pg/index.php/news/read/asfpng-update-on-covid-19-relief-payment
Cas
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Hea r
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s
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303
Acti ity c its
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on m o n t ribu
Lab easu t ions
o r re res
Red g u la
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wor ustm
Wag
e su k t ime ent
bsid
y
347
304
•
•
•
•
348
●
Cas
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https://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?o=rn&id=349597&SEO=anuncian-medidas-en-paraguay-por-crisis-economica-ante-el-coronavirus
sion t & P rt
304
s& aid l
Soc disa
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or re easu
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bsid
y
349
305
•
•
•
•
•
350
●
Cas
h Tr
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lic W ers
https://andina.pe/ingles/noticia-peru-government-approves-economic-bond-for-vulnerable-population-788501.aspx
●
In-k orks
ind T
●
Utili rans
ty w fers
aive
Hea r
lth in s
Une suran
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upp
oym o
●
Pen
sion en t & P rt
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y
305
306
•
307
• 308
•
•
306
https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mef/normas-legales/482983-042-2020
307
https://www.gob.pe/institucion/midis/noticias/108918-midis-ejecuta-estrategia-preventiva-para-usuarias-y-usuarios-de-programas-sociales-ante-el-coronavirus
308
https://gestion.pe/peru/coronavirus-peru-un-tercio-de-canastas-de-viveres-demoraran-en-llegar-a-beneficiarios-segun-la-contraloria-coronavirus-covid-19-estado-de-
emergencia-nndc-noticia/
351
•
352
309
Ibid.
•
353
●
Cas
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●
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309
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•
310
•
•
311
•
•
312
310
https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/294684/dswd-to-continue-offering-urgent-medical-burial-assistance
311
https://www.owwa.gov.ph/index.php/news/central/83-owwa-cash-aid-to-ofws-affected-by-travel-ban-reached-p81m
312
Section 4 of Republic Act 11469 – Bayanihan to Heal as One Act, 24 March 2020.
354
•
313 314 315
•
316
•
317
•
313
https://www.dswd.gov.ph/4ps-beneficiaries-continue-to-receive-grants-rice-subsidy-during-quarantine-period/
314
https://www.dswd.gov.ph/dswd-lgus-to-provide-food-non-food-aid-to-families-during-quarantine-period/
315
https://www.dswd.gov.ph/dswd-provides-food-accommodation-to-skeletal-staff-during-quarantine/
316
DOLE Department Order 210: Guidelines for the Implementation of the Tulong Panghanapbuhay sa Ating Displaced/Disadvantaged Workers Program (TUPAD) #Barangay Ko,
Bahay Ko, Disinfection/Sanitation Project, 18 March 2020.
317
https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/03/25/second-headline/read-republic-act-11469-or-the-bayanihan-to-heal-as-one-act/706268/
355
318
•
319
•
320
•
321 322
•
323
318
https://www.philhealth.gov.ph/news/2020/fight_covid.php
319
https://www.dof.gov.ph/govt-economic-team-rolls-out-p27-1-b-package-vs-covid-19-pandemic/
320
https://www.dof.gov.ph/govt-economic-team-rolls-out-p27-1-b-package-vs-covid-19-pandemic/
321
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2020/03/23/administrative-order-no-26-s-2020/
322
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1097491
323
DOLE Department Order 209: Guidelines on the Adjustment Measures Program for Affected Workers Due to COVID-19, 17 March 2020.
356
•
357
324
•
358
https://www.gov.pl/web/rodzina/dodatkowy-zasilek-opiekunczy---pytania-i-odpowiedzi
●
Cas
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ansf
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In-k orks
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Utili rans
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Hea r
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324
Wag
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•
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359
its
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● ● ● ● ●
•
325
•
326
•
325
https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc22/comunicacao/noticia?i=governo-toma-medidas-extraordinarias-para-responder-a-epidemia-de-covid-19
326
https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/country-responses/lang--en/index.htm#PT
360
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
361
327
•
362
Cas
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In-k orks
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https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/insights/2020/04/qatar-government-and-institution-measures-in-response-to-covid.html
Utili fers
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Hea r
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s
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327
Soc disa
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o r re res
Red g u la
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●
wor ustm
Wag
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bsid
y
(back to the top)
•
328
-
-
-
-
-
328
https://www.ey.com/en_ie/covid-19/10-questions-on-the-temporary-covid-19-wage-subsidy-scheme
363
tribu ts
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s
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Lab
● ● ●
•
329
•
329
https://lege5.ro/Gratuit/gm3dmnzygi4q/ordonanta-de-urgenta-nr-32-2020-privind-modificarea-si-completarea-ordonantei-de-urgenta-a-guvernului-nr-30-2020-pentru-
modificarea-si-completarea-unor-acte-normative-precum-si-pentru-stabilirea-unor-
364
330
•
•
331
330
https://legislatiamuncii.manager.ro/a/26294/legea-nr-19_2020-zile-libere-pentru-parinti-pe-perioada-cat-sunt-inchise-scolile-si-gradinitele-stare-de-urgenta.html
331
https://lege5.ro/Gratuit/gm3dmnzygi4q/ordonanta-de-urgenta-nr-32-2020-privind-modificarea-si-completarea-ordonantei-de-urgenta-a-guvernului-nr-30-2020-pentru-
modificarea-si-completarea-unor-acte-normative-precum-si-pentru-stabilirea-unor-
365
333 http://government.ru/en/news/39277/
332 http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63061
334 http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63342
•
•
366
●
Cas
h Tr
ansf
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lic W ers
●
In-k orks
ind T
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Utili rans
ty w fers
aive
●
Hea r
lth in s
s
●
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332 333 334
uced djus
w
●
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(back to the top)
335
336 337 338
•
339
•
340
•
341
335
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202003200014 (in Russian)
336 http://government.ru/en/news/39277/
337 https://www.gazeta.ru/business/2020/03/17/13008259.shtml
338 http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63342
339
http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/assignments/orders/63358 (in Russian)
340
http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63342; https://rg.ru/2020/05/12/pravitelstvo-post652-site-dok.html (in Russian)
341 http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202004070063 (in Russian)
367
342
•
343
•
344
•
345
346
•
food packages that replace school feeding
342
http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63342; https://rg.ru/2020/05/12/pravitelstvo-post652-site-dok.html (in Russian)
343
http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/assignments/orders/63358 (in Russian)
344
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202003170015 (in Russian)
345 https://rg.ru/2020/03/18/otkryta-goriachaia-liniia-po-koronavirusu-dlia-pozhilyh-liudej.html
346 https://www.mos.ru/news/item/71862073/?utm_source=yxnews&utm_medium=desktop&utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fyandex.ru%2Fnews
368
347
•
348
•
349 350
•
351
•
352 353
•
347
https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2020/05/04/85216-zamorili-chervyachka; https://tass.ru/moskva/8117699 (in Russian)
348 https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/docs/35-YM(2).pdf (para 17.6) (in Russian)
349
https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/docs/34-YM.pdf (paras 17.3-17.4) (in Russian)
350
https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/docs/36-YM(2).pdf (paras 18.3-18.4) (in Russian)
351
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202004060041?index=0&rangeSize=1 (in Russian)
352
http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63061
353
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202004010077?index=1&rangeSize=1 (in Russian)
369
o
o
o
354
o 355
•
356
•
357
•
354
http://www.oecd.org/social/Covid-19-Employment-and-Social-Policy-Responses-by-Country.xlsx
355
http://www.garant.ru/hotlaw/federal/1332594/
356
http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63340
357 http://government.ru/news/39475/
370
358
•
359
360
•
361
362
358
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202003300022
359
https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/docs/34-YM.pdf (in Russian)
360
http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202003170015 (in Russian)
361
http://government.ru/en/news/39277/
362
http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63340
371
•
363
•
364
•
365
366
363
http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63340
364
https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/926856-7
365
http://government.ru/docs/39582/
366
http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/63340
372
-
-
-
373
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Cas
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(back to the top)
-
-
-
-
-
367
-
367
http://venturesafrica.com/covid-19-rwanda-initiates-social-protection-plan-to-support-the-underprivileged/
374
375
•
•
376
●
Cas
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In-k orks
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wor ustm
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bsid
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•
377
368
•
•
•
378
●
Cas
h Tr
http://www.govt.lc/media.govt.lc/www/pressroom/news/attachments/social-stabilization-plan-april---june.pdf
ansf
Pub
lic W ers
●
In-k orks
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Utili rans
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368
aive
Hea r
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s
●
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upp
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bsid
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•
•
•
•
379
370
369
https://www.sknvibes.com/news/newsdetails.cfm/112510
•
•
•
380
●
Cas
h Tr
ansf
Pub
https://www.thestkittsnevisobserver.com/premier-brantley-makes-statement-on-nevis-response-to-covid-19/
lic W ers
369
●
In-k orks
ind T
●
Utili rans
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s
●
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Pen o y men
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370
bsid
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•
•
•
381
•
•
382
●
Cas
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•
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371
371
https://searchlight.vc/searchlight/news/2020/03/27/pm-brings-stimulus-package-to-soften-covid-19-impact/
383
372
•
384
372
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Cas
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http://www.stp-press.st/2020/04/09/covid-19-governo-antecipa-pagamento-as-maes-do-programa-familia-para-amenizar-os-impactos/
Pen
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(back to the top)
385
•
•
386
-
- Cas
h Tr
ansf
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In-k orks
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●
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s
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(back to the top)
-
-
•
•
373
•
•
374
373
https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/MediaCenter/News/Pages/News-2020-03-14-001.aspx
374
https://www.hrdf.org.sa/News/4408
387
•
375
•
375
https://www.mof.gov.sa/en/MediaCenter/news/Pages/News_03042020.aspx
388
•
•
•
•
389
Cas
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bsid
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390
(back to the top)
its
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s
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● ● ● ●
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376
•
377
376
https://www.blic.rs/vesti/drustvo/jednokratnu-pomoc-od-4000-dinara-dobijaju-i-deca-sa-invaliditetom/3n31wvq
377
https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/30/world/30reuters-health-coronavirus-serbia-economy.html
391
•
•
•
•
-
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https://www.singaporebudget.gov.sg/docs/default-source/budget_2020/download/pdf/fy2020_supplementary_audience_centric_Infographic.pdf
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https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/some-singaporeans-to-receive-1000-payout-in-june-35-billion-in-cash-given-out-under-scheme
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https://www.gov.sg/article/cushioning-the-impact-of-covid-19
386
https://www.singaporebudget.gov.sg/docs/default-source/budget_2020/download/pdf/fy2020_supplementary_audience_centric_Infographic.pdf
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409
https://africacheck.org/2020/04/24/analysis-are-emergency-food-parcels-from-the-gauteng-government-enough-for-one-month/
410
https://cdn.wfp.org/2020/school-feeding-map/index.html
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https://www.gov.za/speeches/premier-job-mokgoro-north-west-covid-19-lockdown-programme-26-mar-2020-0000
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https://www.gov.za/speeches/western-cape-education-donating-meals-and-online-safety-curriculum-learners-13-may-2020
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413
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https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_documents/20200329%20Explanatory%20Notes%20on%20COVID%2019%20Tax%20measures%20-
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•
440
441 442 443
440
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/may/06/vulnerable-countries-poverty-deadly-coronavirus-crisis
441
https://www.togofirst.com/en/public-management/0405-5464-covid-19-novissi-cash-transfer-scheme-extended-to-tchauodjo-in-the-central-region
442
https://www.republiquetogolaise.com/social/0804-4237-coronavirus-le-gouvernement-met-en-route-novissi-le-programme-de-transferts-monetaires-en-soutien-aux-plus-
vulnerables
443
https://novissi.gouv.tg/
442
•
443
•
•
•
444
●
Cas
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445
444
•
•
•
•
•
https://www.opm.gov.tt/media-conference-on-covid-19-monday-23rd-march-2020/
446
Cas
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444
●
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445
•
446
•
•
445
https://cdn.wfp.org/2020/school-feeding-map/index.html
446
https://trinidadexpress.com/newsextra/workers-you-can-get-pandemic-leave/article_bebb87fe-66d9-11ea-8cda-af9f2ecf2a9a.html
447
•
•
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448
●
Cas
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•
447
•
•
448
•
•
447
https://www.tap.info.tn/fr/Portail-Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/12474291-une-aide-sp%C3%A9cifique
448
https://directinfo.webmanagercenter.com/2020/04/03/tunisie-versement-de-100-dinars-a-pres-de-133-milles-retraites/
449
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● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
•
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449
•
450
•
449
https://www.aa.com.tr/en/economy/turkeys-economic-stability-package-acts-like-shield-against-pandemic/1800889
450
https://www.ailevecalisma.gov.tr/tr-tr/haberler/bakan-selcuk-2-faz-sosyal-yardim-ihtiyac-sahibi-farkli-2-milyon-300-bin-haneye-verilecek/
450
•
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451
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452
•
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453
●
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451
451
http://magneticmediatv.com/2020/04/stimulus-package-announced-by-tci-premier-march-26/
454
452
•
455
https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/415493/tuvalu-govt-announces-covid-19-relief
●
Cas
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452
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456
•
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•
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457
Cas
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458
•
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453
•
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453
https://gulfnews.com/uae/coronavirus-private-companies-can-postpone-pension-payments-over-next-three-months-1.70725712
459
455
454
https://www.girlsempoweringgirls.ug/
•
•
460
https://observer.ug/news/headlines/64116-gov-t-starts-covid-19-food-distribution-this-weekend
454
●
Cas
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455
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•
456
•
456
https://twitter.com/nssfug/status/1244987818314784769
461
457
•
•
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/support-for-those-affected-by-covid-19
462
●
Cas
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457
●
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●
wor ustm
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•
458
•
459 460
•
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461
458
https://cdn.wfp.org/2020/school-feeding-map/
459
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/sunak-unveils-support-for-workers-self-employed
460
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/mar/11/key-points-from-budget-2020-at-a-glance
461
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/support-for-those-affected-by-covid-19
463
•
• Employers will be able to contact HMRC (revenue and customs) for a
grant to cover most of the wages of people who are not working that are
furloughed and kept on payroll rather than being laid off. Government
grants would cover 80% of the salary of retained workers to a total of
2,500 pounds a month. The scheme will cover the cost of wages backdated
to March 1 and will initially be open for three months (might be extended
if needed).462
462
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/sunak-unveils-support-for-workers-self-employed
464
its
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463
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464
463
https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/uryad-vidiliv-16-mlrd-grn-dlya-fopiv-yaki-mayut-ditej-na-period-karantinu
464
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers #264 dated April 8, 2020, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/264-2020-%D0%BF
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers #329 dated April 22, 2020, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/329-2020-%D0%BF
465
•
465
•
466
•
•
•
•
•
•
465
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers #247 dated March 25, 2020, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/247-2020-%D0%BF
466
https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/Policy-Responses-to-COVID-19#U
466
•
•
467
•
‐
•
468 469 470
•
467
https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/fond-socialnogo-strahuvannya-ukrayini-otrimaye-finansovu-dopomogu-vid-derzhavi
468
http://tvoemisto.tv/news/u_kvitni_pensioneram_vyplatyat_dodatkovu_tysyachu_gryven_hto_otrymaie_107506.html
469
https://zik.ua/news/economics/odnorazova_sotsdopomoha_stalo_vidomo_khto_krim_pensioneriv_otrymaie_1_tys_hryven_962728
470
https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/timeline-of-ukraines-response-to-coronavirus-outbreak.html
467
•
•
471
•
472
471
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers #308 dated April 27, 2020, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/308-2020-%D0%BF
472
https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/530-IX
468
473
http://www.ceip.edu.uy/prensa/2952
•
•
•
•
469
Cas
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473
474
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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475 476
474
https://www.gub.uy/comunicacion/comunicados/medidas-para-personas
475
https://www.bps.gub.uy/16867/subsidio-especial-por-desempleo-parcial.html
476
https://www.bps.gub.uy/bps/file/16867/3/resolucion-del-mtss-143---18-3-2020.pdf
470
477
•
•
471
https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/3/23/21190955/stimulus-checks-from-government-approved
●
Cas
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●
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477
o y m
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478
•
479
•
480
•
481
478
https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/17/us/seattle-vouchers-coronavirus-trnd/index.html
479
https://cdn.wfp.org/2020/school-feeding-map/index.html
480
https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/irs-unveils-new-people-first-initiative-covid-19-effort-temporarily-adjusts-suspends-key-compliance-program
481
https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/16/paid-sick-leave-coronavirus-house-bill/
472
•
•
473
482
https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2020/03/19/anti-crisis-fund/
•
•
•
474
●
Cas
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●
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482
●
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.483
•
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o
483
https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2020/04/03/free-items/
475
o
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484
•
484
https://mfa.uz/ru/press/library/2020/03/23848/
476
•
477
Cas
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In-k orks
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(Back to the top)
•
485
485
https://dailypost.vu/news/vt4-billion-stimulus-package/article_91c9d47c-7399-11ea-b675-d7366938da98.html
478
•
•
•
•
•
•
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479
●
Cas
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•
480
•
•
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481
●
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•
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482
486
million-vulnerable-palestinian-families-vital_en
•
•
483
●
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486
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https://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/palestine-occupied-palestinian-territory-west-bank-and-gaza-strip/77545/european-union-austria-and-spain-provide-%E2%82%AC145-
487
487
https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/country-responses/lang--en/index.htm#PS
484
488
•
485
488
Cas
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https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/insights/2020/04/zambia-government-and-institution-measures-in-response-to-covid.html
ty w
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•
489
489
https://www.mof.gov.zm/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Presidential-24April2020.pdf
486
491
490
•
•
•
487
https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/health/mthuli-ncube-releases-500-million-for-covid-19-fight/
●
Cas
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https://www.herald.co.zw/covid-19-relief-cash-transfers-start-today-1-coronavirus-confirmed-cases-rise-to-18/
ansf
Pub
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490
lth in s
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491
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488