The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) Concept Environmental and Social Review Summary Concept Stage (ESRS Concept Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 06/08/2021 | Report No: ESRSC02102 Jun 08, 2021 Page 1 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Mozambique AFRICA EAST P175322 Project Name Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Transport Investment Project 2/7/2022 6/1/2022 Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of Transport and Maputo Municipality Communications Proposed Development Objective The Project Development Objective is to improve mobility and accessibility along selected corridor in the Maputo Public Disclosure Metropolitan Area. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 150.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] The Maputo Metropolitan Area is entering a transition phase as the urban area has grown from Maputo city into neighboring Municipalities and Districts. The adjoining municipality of Matola has almost doubled its population in the past ten years, with much of the growth taking place in areas that are not yet served with paved roads. Urban density has declined, and the new growing areas lack a complete, integrated roadway network of sufficient capacity to support public transport. The attempts by Government to coordinate metropolitan area planning and improve public transport operations for the growing area are at a nascent stage and require considerable strengthening to sustain the initial efforts. Jun 08, 2021 Page 2 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) To sustain Government’s efforts, the project would focus on: a) strengthening institutional and governance framework; and b) financing integrated and comprehensive package of investments to improve public transport and road infrastructure. Strengthening governance and institutional framework will focus on: (i) clarifying the roles of Municipalities and Districts in relation to governance of AMT and developing comprehensive strategies; and (ii) developing a common understanding of ‘coordination’ and ‘jurisdiction’ as mentioned in the AMT Decree; and (iii) strengthening organizational and technical capacity at national, metropolitan, municipal and local government levels. The project will support improvements of the common framework to regulate public transport service at a Metropolitan level, in an incremental basis. The investment package would support an integrated approach to respond to the growing challenges in the urban transport sector to foster changes in the way the city is growing from a congested, vehicle-oriented city to a resilient, people-oriented city, where safe walking and public transport are at the core of the metropolitan vision, and with a focus on vulnerable groups such as low-income residents, women and PWD. The focus will be on one of the most congested and heavily used corridors in the city, which are adversely impact by climate change and result in periodic flooding and road damage. The project would finance Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) with operations, service and business plans to support safe, secure, reliable and affordable transport for all residents along the corridor coupled with integrated planning in the catchment area, improvements to road infrastructure, sidewalks, NMT infrastructure, street lighting, traffic management, parking management. Support will be provided to implement integrated electronic fare to enable seamless mobility and protect revenue collection; install ITS for traffic flow management, public information systems at bus stations, traffic signal synchronization and prioritization for public transport at intersections and intermodal Public Disclosure terminals. The specific interventions will be designed in consultation with a diverse group of public, private, and civil society stakeholders. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic, environmental, social] Maputo Metropolitan Transport Agency (AMT) was established by Decree No. 85/2017 of 29th December 2017 as a “regional institution with jurisdiction over the municipalities and districts of Maputo Metropolitan area”, specifically, Maputo, Matola, Boane, Marracuene and neighboring districts. The total estimated area is 1,411.8 square kilometers. The most recent population Census in August 2017 has put Metropolitan Maputo at 2,947,967 people. The Central Maputo has offices and commercial buildings, Matola has manufacturing industries. Maputo and Matola as well as the surrounding areas absorb most of the labor force. Commercial and office areas are concentrated in the southern part of Maputo City where a central business district (CBD) has been formed. Resident City where a central business district (CBD) has been formed. Residential areas in Maputo City that has a population of about 1.2 million are expanding toward the north in addition to the southern and central parts of the city. The population density in Maputo is substantially higher than other cities/districts in Greater Maputo. Furthermore, the population in Greater Maputo is also expanding toward the west with about 830,000 people living in Matola City that is undergoing industrial development. City Much of the land in Marracuene District and Boane City is currently agricultural and natural areas, and significant population growth has not taken place yet. The informal nature of urban settlements is in itself a threat to the environment. Major environmental and social challenges include garbage collection, poor roads, and poor drainage. The informal settlements that dominate the city are also in a poor state, with many located near, or in, floodplains. Most of the capital’s inhabitants are thus at risk of natural hazards like floods and landslides. Jun 08, 2021 Page 3 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) Tree logging and small-scale agriculture magnifies this vulnerability, adding erosion and landslides to the risks. Additionally, lack of solid waste management, proper drainage and poor sanitation makes the communities vulnerable to flooding and water borne diseases. Approximately 400 full-sized buses (with over 50 seats) are operating in Maputo, accounting for approximately 17% of all non-walking trips. Approximately 50 of buses are owned by private individuals and are operated similarly to chapas (described above), while around 350 are operated by the publicly owned Transportes Publicos de Maputo (TPM) on about 60 routes with an average route length of 22 km. The TPM routes in Maputo City overlap with those of chapas, making these modes in direct competition. The purpose is “to coordinate and implement the Maputo Metropolitan Area Transport and Mobility Master Plan” as well as the management of the resources, infra-structure and associated equipment of the institution. The AMT reports to the Transport Minister and the Board of AMT is jointly appointed by the Minister of Transport and the Minister of Finance. The Maputo Metropolitan Area has a well-developed infrastructure network which comprises roads and transport systems, communications, commercial stores, water supply and electricity. Despite this, the area is still marked by high levels of poverty in some of the district municipalities located in peri-urban and suburban areas as a large part of the population continues to rely on the informal market for livelihood and live in vulnerable settings from both social and environmental standpoints. Overall, the project is expected to have a positive impact on traffic by promoting public mass transportation, However, some negative impact may be caused temporarily during construction works. The project site is in an urban area, posing low to moderate risks to natural habitats and its associated ecosystem. There are no cultural heritage sites likely to be affected by the proposed project interventions. Nonetheless, the borrower will ensure that public facilities shall be preserved or restored after construction works of BRT. Public Disclosure D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The Ministry of Transport and Communication (MTC) is responsible for overall project implementation. The location of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) will be agreed during project appraisal. The options discussed include PIU located either in MTC, Maputo Municipal Council (CMM) or two PIUs, one in the MTC to implement interventions under project component 1; and another within the CMM to implement interventions under Component 2. Other relevant key stakeholders include the Municipalities of Maputo, Matola and Boane, the Transport Metropolitan Agency (AMT), surface transport regulatory body (INATTER), the National Port and Railways Company (CFM), FTC, Municipal Bus Enterprises, private bus cooperatives, minibus associations, FEMATRO, and Metrobus. Project oversight will be provided through a Steering Committee (SC) consisting of representatives from key agencies responsible for urban transport at the national, metropolitan, and municipal levels. The Steering Committee will consist of personnel drawn from the following entities: Ministry of Transport and Communications (MTC); Metropolitan Transport Agency (AMT); Mozambique Railways Company (CFM); Maputo, Matola, and Boane Municipality Councils and Marracuene administrative district. To ensure smooth preparation and quality control of the E&S instruments during preparation stage, overall E&S oversight will be provided by the Steering Committee that has already designated two (2) well-versed E&S specialists (one for each environment and social) from the Maputo Municipality Council, hired under the ongoing Mozambique: Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449). In addition, the Project will count on the support from two (2) experienced E&S specialists: one (1) from Matola Municipality Council and another from MTC. These specialists will play a key role in the preparation of Terms of Reference for the design of Environmental and Social Management Systems (ESMS) and the overall capacity building strategy in Municipalities for sound project implementation. The Government of Mozambique has a legal and regulatory framework in place for environmental and social issues. However, as required under the new Environmental and Social Framework (ESF), several aspects are not addressed in standard Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) and other related E&S instruments in Mozambique. As Jun 08, 2021 Page 4 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) such, reliance on the Borrower’s E&S framework is not considered to be appropriate. This is the second Bank-funded urban sector operation implemented under the ESF to be implemented in a changing sectoral context and therefore, the lack of E&S implementation capacity increases, and exacerbates the overall E&S risk. Common structural project management weaknesses within the Government and Municipalities observed in other World Bank financed projects include limited human and technical capacity and inefficient project supervision and reporting. MTC has no previous experience with ESF, land acquisition and resettlement in urban contexts, management of labor issues, gender, Gender Based Violence (GBV)/Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA)/ /Sexual Harassment (SH), social inclusion, disability, and other relevant social and environmental aspects. Support from the Bank will be needed to strengthen institutional capacity duringion Unit (MTC, CMM, Matola, Boane, Marracuene, CFM) on E&S aspects. Further technical support will be made available as required to prepare subproject level instruments and studies. To reduce implementation risks, funding will be allocated under the Project to strengthen skills in PIU/PIUs by hiring E&S experts on a competitive basis. In addition, MTC will formalize the coordination between the PIU/PIUs and its partners, which will be asked to appoint focal points, with clear responsibility in terms of project oversight and reporting within their respective agencies. Finally, the World Bank will make an extra supervision effort and maintain a close working relations with PIUs. II. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) High Environmental Risk Rating Substantial Public Disclosure The project Environmental risk is rated as “Substantial”, at this stage based on the analysis of the project’s likely environmental risks and impacts combined with the current borrower’s fragmented and challenging implementation arrangement and limited E&S risk management capacity. The scale of the project is limited to Urban areas in Maputo City, Matola, Boane and Marracuene municipalities, all within Maputo Metropolitan area. While specific corridors have not been selected, it is expected that interventions will occur along existing BMT and selected infrastructures. While anticipated environmental impacts and risks will be confined along the selected corridors and targeted infrastructures, they are expected to range from moderate to substantial will occur mainly, construction phases. The proposed activities are expected to involve substantial environmental risks and impacts mainly related to OHS concerns to workers as well as community health and safety risks. Such risks and impacts, include i) loss of vegetation, soil erosion and degradation due to land clearance for corridors widening; ii) soil and surface water pollution from construction works and campsites; iii) dust and noise emissions from construction vehicles leading to impacts on water and air quality that could pose significant public health risks, iv) generation of hazardous and non- hazardous waste, v) occupational health and safety concerns to contracted workers. Since proposed investments will occur in urban settings with high densely populated neighborhoods and congested areas, there are increased risks to accidents with pedestrians and other vehicles leading to substantial community health and safety concerns caused by public nuisance and increased road traffic. In addition, proposed interventions, mainly under components 2 and 3 related with BRT infrastructures and road infrastructure improvements respectively, will generate cumulative and impacts indirect that may lead to: (i) changes on ambient conditions such as the incremental contribution of pollutant emissions in an air shed; (ii) pressure on hydrological and water resources (iii) increased traffic congestion and accidents along community roadways owing to increases in transport activity in the BRT; (iv) urban expansion into agricultural areas; (v) increased migration that may lead to increased spread infectious diseases. The project will finance a series TA activities, mainly under component 1 and 2, which under the ESF Jun 08, 2021 Page 5 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) classification comprise: (i) Type 1 TA - Development of the BRT concept and detailed design; Type 2 TA – support regulatory and institutional reforms, the formulation of comprehensive planning strategies, guidelines, and frameworks for professionalization of formal and informal operators and Type 3 TA – to support planning and establishing of an integrated public transport system and to support transport operators to develop their organizational and operational capacity. When implemented, the outcome of Type 1 TA activities to support the development of the BRT concept and detailed designs will lead to substantial risks and impacts on people and on the environment relevant to the ESS’s 1-6, 8 and 10 such as soil, air, water resources pollution and degradation, OHS risks, community health and safety risks and contribute for the generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Type 2 - TA activities related with the proposed regulatory reforms in the sector and drafting of strategic policies and plans may lead to moderate downstream environmental risks when implemented through future investments that will require adequate assessment of environmental implications once detailed scope of such reforms are plans are known. Notwithstanding, such impacts are expected to be mostly temporary, predictable, site specific and readily manageable. On the other hand, Type 3 – TA activities are expected to generate minimal or negligible environmental risks and impacts. Social Risk Rating High Proposed interventions under the Project are expected to use contracted, direct and primary supply workers under Components 1, 2 and 3. To manage labor-related risks, Labor Management Procedures (LMP) will need to be in place. The LMP would need to comply with Mozambican labor laws and provisions under ESS2 on direct and contracted workers. The LMPs will include the design of a worker Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). Civil works supported by the project under Components 2 and 3 are expected to result in involuntary resettlement, economic displacement and temporarily induced impacts on public and private assets, including disruptions to residents and Public Disclosure local economic activities in the Metropolitan Area. This could also impact the livelihoods of street vendors and other vulnerable groups dependent on informal livelihoods in the city. Temporary livelihood impacts could take place due to access restrictions during civil works. The exact extent of land to be acquired and its resettlement impacts are not yet clear but due to the project’s urban setting, these impacts are expected to be high. This risk will be further clarified after feasibility and design studies are finalized and the exact project footprint is known. The Project will prepare a Resettlement Policy Framework by appraisal to guide the preparation of site -specific Resettlement Action Plan/Plans during implementation. RAP/RAPs/ LRPs will be implemented prior to the commencement of civil works. Other potential risks and impacts are related to cultural property, community health and safety, GBV/SEA/SH and Violence Against Children (VAC) and stakeholder conflict. Components 2 and 3 under the project include civil works that have the potential to impact cultural property especially in downtown Maputo where a number of old buildings are located. An assessment of impacts on cultural property will need to be undertaken by appraisal and appropriate management guidelines will be required for the implementation phase. A COVID 19 protocol will be prepared for the Project to mitigate the risk of infection. The project was screened using the World Bank’s Sexual Exploitation & Abuse/Sexual Harassment Risk Screening Tool and assessed as posing “substantial risk” in relation to SEA/GBV/SH/VAC. The SA will also provide information on project gentrification, impacts on livelihoods of informal transport providers and businesses, urban expansion into agricultural areas etc. During implementation, contractors will be expected to develop and implement plans related to labor management, GBV/SEA/SH issues, community health and safety, livelihood restoration, stakeholder communication and GRM. Contractors will be required to maintain staff for these functions and undertake internal monitoring and evaluation. Given that there are a range of stakeholders who may have different interests for both interventions in components 1, 2 and 3, the project will require substantial efforts to ensure stakeholder engagement and regular community awareness activities, including the establishment of an innovative GRM during the project cycle. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) comprising a Jun 08, 2021 Page 6 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) GRM will be prepared by appraisal to ensure that stakeholders are consulted meaningfully. The SEP will ensure that vulnerable and marginalized groups are consulted on, informed about and included in project activities. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: The project will finance small to medium civil works under components 2 and 3, which include improvements on road and drainage infrastructure, terminals and depots, pedestrian sidewalks, street lighting, public transport scheduling and operations, traffic management, signals, parking, and intersection improvements, intermodal terminal and parking facilities. The proposed activities are expected to generate moderate to substantial adverse environmental risks and impacts mainly related to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) concerns related t contracted workers as well as substantial community health and safety risks typical of urban area settings. Such risks and impacts will mainly occur during construction phase and include loss of vegetation, soil erosion and degradation, soil and surface water pollution, dust and noise emissions, impacts on water quality that could pose significant public health concerns, generation and disposal of construction waste, occupational health and safety concerns to contracted workers as well as community health and safety risks caused by public nuisance and increased road traffic. In addition, health risks associated with the spread of COVID-19 pandemic is likely to be a common risk across all project components. Furthermore, proposed interventions, mainly under components 2 and 3 related with BRT infrastructures and road Public Disclosure infrastructure improvements respectively, are likely to generate significant cumulative and indirect effects on the nearby biophysical and social environment. Social risks are hih given the likely impacts due to land needs, associated resettlement and impacts on livelihoods. Given that at this concept stage, detailed project information is now yet known, it is thus difficult to accurately assess the potential cumulative impacts of this project. In order to manage environmental and social risks associated with the project; the Borrower, will develop an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) during project preparation which will be disclosed prior to project appraisal. The ESMF will provide an overview of the project and its components, the applicable legislative and regulatory frameworks and policies, an overview of the baseline conditions and a summary of key anticipated environmental and social impacts. It will further provide mitigation and monitoring measures and a screening tool for assessing and classifying impacts at sub-project level and will provide guidance for the preparation of sub-level project specific Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs), sub-level project specific Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) plans, Community Health and Safety (CHSP), Waste Management Plans (WMP) Traffic Management Plan (TMP), Labour Management Plan (LMP), Cultural Heritage Plan and Chance Finds procedure during the implementation phase. The ESMF will also contain a detailed Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA) to ensure that short- and long-term cumulative and indirect adverse impacts of the project and any ancillary facilities on the biophysical and social environment are minimized to address potential significant downstream E&S impacts of the proposed Type TA activities. In addition, a Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) will be carried out for the analysis of environmental and social (E&S) implications of the proposed TA activities under component 3, that will finance the development of an appropriate regulatory framework to support the Government’s strategic plan to promote public transport reforms and for the E&S assessment of various proposed investments so to provide further guidance and advice on their preparation and implementation in a manner consistent with the ESS. The SESA will also assess the E&S regulatory frameworks in the sector and analyze the capacity of key institutions involved in Jun 08, 2021 Page 7 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) implementing the investments plans. Similarly, an Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) setting out the environmental and social commitments for the project will be developed by the borrower. The ESCP will include aspects such as the need for an environmental and social assessment, at framework level, such as ESMF, RPF, CIA and sup-project specific requirements such as ESIA, ESMP, RAP, OHS Plan, including a SESA, which shall be developed in consultation with stakeholders, and approved and disclosed by the Bank. Social risks of the project include resettlement (both physical and economic) due to civil works, as well as labor issues, GBV/SEA/SH, public health and communicable diseases and social marginalization. A Resettlement Policy Framework will be prepared by appraisal which will guide the preparation of Resettlement Action Plan/s to be prepared and implemented before commencement of civil works. Labor Management Procedures (LMPs) will be prepared by appraisal to ensure that all workers are provided working conditions in line with Mozambican laws and ESS2. The LMPs will include a worker’s GRM. A GBV/SEA/SH assessment will also be undertaken by appraisal. As part of the CIA under the ESMF, social risks related to Component 1 and as a result of transport improvements will be assessed. These are likely to include an assessment of gentrification, impacts on livelihoods, waste generation, employment and other cumulative social impacts. A Social Assessment by appraisal will analyze issues in safe, affordable and reliable transport for poor, marginalized and vulnerable groups, as well as an assessment of Citizen Engagement measures that can be strengthened or improved under the Project. The SA will be defined in specific TORs but will be aligned with the Bank’s Directive on Addressing Impacts on Vulnerable Individuals and Groups and will especially include low-income riders and informal transport sector providers. The SA will provide inputs for Project design, and on mitigation measures and management plans included in the ESMF, RPF, SEP and other instruments. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan will outline the requirements for consulting all relevant stakeholders and will include a GRM. Together with the ESCP, the Public Disclosure SEP will be prepared by appraisal. Capacity needs will be identified during project preparation and related initiatives will be implemented throughout the project’s life. An environment and social management system (ESMS) will be developed and implemented under the Project for Municipalities in and around Maputo. An assessment of existing structures and systems within the first 6 months of the project will outline systems and capacity in place and provide a road map for its enhancement. The ESMS will define detailed procedures and standards as well as an ideal structure for an effective E&S risk management consistent with ESF and good international industry practices (GIIP). During implementation, the ESMS will be implemented to ensure that systems, capacity, and guidelines for environmental and social risk management are fully developed by the end of the project. Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: With regards to ESF several aspects have not been addressed in standard ESIAs in Mozambique. As such, reliance on the borrower’s E&S framework is not considered to be appropriate. ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ESS10 is relevant. Key stakeholders relevant to public transport consist of MTC, Municipalities of Maputo, Matola and Boane, AMT, Surface Transport Regulatory Body (‘INATTER’), the National Port and Railways Company (‘CFM’), FTC, Municipal Bus Enterprises, privately owned bus Cooperatives operating in Greater Maputo, minibus Associations, FEMATRO, and the private railway operator (Metrobus). Activities in all three components have the potential to result in stakeholder conflict that could jeopardize project's implementation. Therefore, the two components will maintain open and transparent engagement between the borrower and the project stakeholders throughout the project cycle. Jun 08, 2021 Page 8 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) Stakeholder engagement activities for Component 1 will be implemented by the MTC. These activities are mainly related to institutional strengthening, policy and strategy development. The implementation of activities under this Component will require a robust communication and public outreach strategy. While MTC has a long-standing history of managing stakeholders within the transport sector in Maputo and beyond, the entity has no prior experience with World Bank funded project under ESF or in urban settings. Appropriate technical support will be provided so that the MTC can develop a Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) to be disclosed prior to appraisal that will be updated, as necessary, throughout the project cycle. The SEP will take into account current World Bank funded project within MTC and the existing structures and processes for conducting stakeholder/citizen engagement activities. Relevant stakeholders for this component will include, public and private transport companies, transport associations, municipalities, local governments, users of public transport, including vulnerable groups, informal operators of public transport, etc. Stakeholder engagement activities under Components 2 and 3 will be implemented by the Maputo Municipality. Financing integrated and comprehensive package of investments to improve public transport in the Metropolitan Area of Maputo will require systematic, inclusive and intensive engagement of stakeholders to execute the proposed investments successfully and effectively. Stakeholders to be consulted and engaged include the MTC, Municipalities of Maputo, Matola and Boane, AMT, Surface Transport Regulatory Body (‘INATTER’), the National Port and Railways Company (‘CFM’), FTC, Municipal Bus Enterprises, privately owned bus Cooperatives operating in Greater Maputo, minibus Associations, FEMATRO, the private railway operator (Metrobus) and users, which include vulnerable groups. Public Disclosure The Maputo Municipality has a long history and experience of stakeholder/ citizen consultation and engagement mainly on participatory budgeting and decentralized local governance process. Currently existing engagement structures are being utilized under another World Bank funded project under ESF- Maputo Urban Transformation Project. The Municipality has an Ombudsman in place, which essentially is a mechanism for connecting citizens to the Maputo City. Citizens are able to channel their views, concerns or grievances to the Ombudsman in person, through a letter or "green line" call. An assessment of the system linking citizens to the city conducted under the Maputo Urban Transformation Project noted that the system requires enhancement, particularly with regard to streamlining the processing of complaints, but also expansion of coverage to include project direct and indirect workers and GBV/SEA/SH issues. It also needs to assign dedicated staff, conduct capacity building exercises and establish an online platform for channeling and processing complaints. While the project will develop its own GRM, the existing structure for complaints management shall be considered in the design of the project GRM. In particular, linkages will be explored with the Ombudsman’s Office to ensure that there is alignment and coordination with existing GRM systems. The Project’s Stakeholder Engagement Plan will also cover activities under Component 2 that will be implemented by the Municipality and submitted to the World Bank and disclosed prior to Project Appraisal. The development of the SEP shall take stock of current developments regarding the Maputo Urban Transformation Project and other relevant initiatives by the Municipality. The SEP to be developed shall ensure that outcomes consistent with the requirements of ESS10 will be attained. The SEP shall cover the project geographic scope. The plan should particularly make sure Jun 08, 2021 Page 9 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) that vulnerable and marginalized groups are included, including the transport operators “My Love” during the project cycle. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions ESS2 is determined relevant to the Project. The Project will use direct, contracted and primary supply workers and will need to comply with Mozambique's legislation and the requirements of ESS2 for each category of workers. Contractors will be required to ensure that all contracted workers are hired and provided working conditions consistent with Mozambique's labor laws and ESS2. At this point, the number of workforce required and type of contracts cannot be established. Thus, before appraisal, the Municipality/MTC will prepare Labor Management Procedures (LMPs) for the project indicating the expected number and type of workers (direct workers, contracted workers and primary supply workers), key gaps between national legislation and regulations that need to be addressed at the project level, measures for ensuring the implementation of labor laws and provisions of ESS2 as well as monitoring and supervision arrangements. Critical components of the LMP shall include GBV/SEA/SH issues in connection with labor influx. It will also include relevant risks, mitigation measures, including a basic Code of Conduct, mapping of resources, awareness measures, and procedures for further assessment at the subproject level. Other relevant elements of the LMP relating to contracted workers will include: - OHS, working conditions, livings conditions (in the event of labor camps) and GRM for workers which will be included in the contractor's ESMP, COVID and infectious disease prevention/response. Bidding Documents will make a clear reference to these aspects to Public Disclosure ensure that selected contractors adhere to the ESS2 requirements and principles. The LMP will be prepared by appraisal as part of the ESMF and include provisions to ensure fair wages in line with local legislation and provide contractual hiring of workers (both male and female), adequate payment for overwork and other measures. Should the hiring of workers from outside the local area be required (especially for purposes of the installation of specialist technical equipment), worker accommodation and influx will need to be managed in line with ESS2 (and ESS4). To ensure health and safety of workers during the construction and operational phases of the project, a Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) plan in line with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) will need to be prepared. The Borrower will include; in its ESMF; measures for the identification and mitigation of project Occupational Health and Safety risks, associated with the construction and maintenance works to be financed under Components 2 and 3. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management ESS3 is determined relevant to the project. In accordance with ESS3 the project should avoid or minimize project- related emissions and generation of nonhazardous waste and promote the sustainable use of energy. Civil works may generate some adverse impacts related to disposal and management of waste during the construction phase, occupational health and safety of workers and pose significant public health concerns due to nuisance related to air and noise emissions. In addition, construction and maintenance activities to be financed under components 2 and 3 may potentially lead to surface water and land contamination, due to oil spillage or releases into nearby Jun 08, 2021 Page 10 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) watercourses or land nearby the worksites and worker’s camp. In addition, there may be a need to explore ancillary facilities such as borrow-pits and quarries from which construction materials maybe sourced during implementation of the activities proposed under Components 2 and 3. Notwithstanding, proposed project investments are expected to generate low GHG emissions as well as water and energy use. The borrower will need to adopt measures specified in the General EHSGs including the Industry Sector Guidelines for Infrastructure, specifically Toll Roads and Ports, Harbors, and Terminals to the extent technically and financially feasible and in manner proportionate to the projects impacts and risks. The borrower will prepare an ESMF which should contain detailed guidance including roles, responsibilities and budget for sound implementation site specific Environmental Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and any Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) or Waste Management Plan (WMP) thereafter. The WMP should include an assessment of the presence of trash around transportation hubs develop measures to increase community education and awareness for proper disposal facilities and coordinated trash collection and management in the BTR and related facilities. Hence, sub-project specific ESMPs will provide measures for addressing soil and water pollution, dust and noise emission, management of hazardous and non-hazardous waste and closure of any ancillary facilities such as borrow-pits and quarries during the construction phase. ESS4 Community Health and Safety ESS4 is determined relevant to the project. The construction and rehabilitation aspects financed under Component 2 and 3; will require the movement of construction equipment and materials potentially through an urban setting and congested downtown areas, resulting in possible road and pedestrian accidents. The Borrower will therefore develop a sub-level project specific Traffic Safety Plan (TSP) as part of the ESMP to mitigate and manage construction vehicles Public Disclosure and pedestrian interactions while ensuring that adequate design of the proposed Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) infrastructures take into account acceptable road safety standards. Vibration from construction vehicles and activities, and the potential need for drilling activities, may result in damage to houses, businesses and existing public infrastructure in the community. Earth works including trenching for installation of traffic management and signalization systems will be required and is likely to take place within the urban neighborhoods. Open excavations and trenches may pose a community safety concerns, resulting in serious injuries or fatalities from community member and especially children falling into open excavations and trenches if access is not adequately prevented and managed. The Project is required to include assessments of risks and impacts of project activities to health and safety in project affected communities in all phases of the project cycle. Risks and impacts could relate to the design and safety of infrastructure, traffic and road safety (particularly during construction and operation), or community exposure to nuisance and public health issues including assess the presence of trash around transportation hubs to develop measures to increase community education and awareness for proper disposal facilities and coordinated trash collection and management along the BTR corridors. Since the project will take place in an urban setting and downtown areas of high population density, the Borrower will be required to undertake an assessment of the risks and impacts of the project on the health and safety of project affected communities. Risks and impacts on the community could relate to the design and safety of infrastructure, traffic and road safety during construction, security and emergency situations such as increased accident to road users and pedestrians due to increased and congested traffic and community exposure to nuisance and public health issues related with air and water sources pollution. While in general the project is not expected to rely on outside workers, influx of opportunistic migrants may likely occur. This has the potential to result in impacts to community health or safety. In the absence of Jun 08, 2021 Page 11 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) appropriate mitigation measures, gender-based violence (GBV), sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), and the spread of sexually transmitted and communicable diseases, may occur or be exacerbated by the presence of a migrant workforce including COVID-19 within the community if not carefully managed. The project will therefore require a risk assessment and Action Plan for Gender Based Violence (GBV) / Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) prior to appraisal. A Communication Plan will be developed and attached to the Stakeholder Engagement Plan, and that will serve as the instrument to ensure that communities are aware of safety procedures that need to be followed. A COVID-19 protocol will also be prepared as part of the ESMF to be disclosed by appraisal to avoid or minimize the spread of the disease. During implementation, Contractors will develop specific plans as required for H&S and maintain staff for their implementation. ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement ESS5 is determined as relevant to the project. Under Components 2 and 3, the project is expected to finance infrastructure investments. This is likely to lead to land acquisition, involuntary resettlement and, potentially, economic losses such as loss of livelihoods (business interruption due to loss of access to sites that may be required for the project footprint or be required only temporarily). However, the exact location and nature of interventions is not clear yet, to provide an exact number of households who will be resettled or may lose land. A Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) will be prepared by appraisal to guide land acquisition and will include an assessment of applicable Partial Protection Zones (PPZs), under the Mozambican Land Law. The RPF will guide the preparation of Resettlement Action Plan/Plans (RAP/s) that will need to be implemented before the commencement of civil works as well as Livelihood Restoration Measures that may be required to mitigate impacts on livelihoods especially of mobile Public Disclosure vendors and informal workers. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources ESS6 is determined relevant to the project. Since the project will take place in an urban area setting with already humanized environment; there are low to moderate risks to impact natural habitats directly and adversely, as defined under ESS6. Notwithstanding, the medium scale constructions and maintenance works under Components 2 in high densely populated areas and component 3 along the corridors, are likely to include; i) site clearance for construction purposes; ii) the establishment of the contractors campsites; iii) use borrow pits to source quarry, material laydown area and; iv) earth works consisting of excavations and trenching for transit management and signage systems which may lead to direct and indirect habitat degradation and soil disturbance leading to the introduction of alien and invasive plant species and generate cumulative and indirect impacts as a result of induced land use changes leading to the conversion of natural habitats (wetlands or estuaries) due to potential in-migration. Key Biodiversity Areas (KBA) include the protected mangrove areas of Maputo estuary along the coastal area of Maputo bay, the wetland areas along the water courses of Inkomati river in Marracuene, Matola river in Matola City and Infulene river in Maputo city. These ecological sensitive areas located around the proposed the BRT routes. However, since the KBAs are predominantly located in legally protected areas (PAs) areas not likely to be affected by the proposed project interventions, however the ESMF will make provisions for the exclusion of these known areas. Hence, measures to mitigate direct, indirect or cumulative impacts KBAs will be captured and reflected in the ESMF, the SESA and the subproject’s level ESIA/ESMP. Jun 08, 2021 Page 12 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities ESS7 is not determined as relevant to the project as there are no Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities in Mozambique. ESS8 Cultural Heritage ESS8 is determined as relevant to the project. Cultural property may be impacted if the BRT is to cover the downtown area of Maputo, which has a number of buildings that are considered as Cultural Heritage. For civil works activities under Component 2, the project will seek to preserve heritage buildings and aesthetics of the downtown area. This will imply meticulous planning and implementation of anticipated civil works and ensure that the historical buildings maintain their architectural and cultural significance. These buildings will also need to be preserved in line with community aspirations. Any project interventions will address cultural heritage as an integral aspect of the Maputo’s Metropolitan Area sustainable urban renewal and development As part of the ESMF, an assessment of Cultural Resources within the project's footprint will be undertaken and appropriate guidance provided on including aspects of cultural heritage preservation in designing and engineering works. Proposed investments financed under Component 3 for the corridors expansions include aspects such as site clearing, earth works and excavations for the installation of traffic management systems and signage that could have an impact on tangible and intangible cultural heritage features located within the project footprint and underground. Although the project will not finance activities that will affect cultural heritage resources, “chance find” procedures will be implemented in all construction activities. A Chance Finds Procedure will be outlined in the ESMF and in any Public Disclosure subsequent ESIA/ESMP and will form part of the contractor’s obligations. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries ESS9 is not determined as relevant to the project as the involvement of Financial intermediaries is not anticipated. C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No III. WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DUE DILIGENCE A. Is a common approach being considered? No Financing Partners At this point there is no financing partners. Jun 08, 2021 Page 13 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) B. Proposed Measures, Actions and Timing (Borrower’s commitments) Actions to be completed prior to Bank Board Approval: The relevant Environmental and Social instruments that need to be prepared, approved and disclosed before project appraisal are the i. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for the entire project which will include a Cumulative Impact assessment (CIA); ii. Resettlement Policy Framework iii. Social Assessment iv. Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) for the entire project, and; v. An Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP). Possible issues to be addressed in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP): The draft ESCP should contain the following as a minimum: (i) Implementation and updating of ESMF and SEP and disclosed prior to Bank Board approval; (ii) Prepare, finalize and implement a Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA); (iii) Prepare, finalize and implement the Labor Management Procedures and Grievance Redress Mechanism; (iv) Prepare, finalize and implement the GBV/SEA/SH Action Plan; (v) Prepare and implement site specific ESIA; ESMP WMP including Traffic Management Plans and contractors H&S Plans; (vi) Prepare and implement site specific RAP/RAPs and LRPs; Public Disclosure C. Timing Tentative target date for preparing the Appraisal Stage ESRS 01-Dec-2021 IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Fatima Arroyo Arroyo Title: Senior Urban Transport Specialist Telephone No: 5352+4235 / 1-202-473-5110 Email: farroyoarroyo@worldbank.org Contact: Rakesh Tripathi Title: Senior Transport Specialist Telephone No: 5333+2355 Email: rtripathi1@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of Transport and Communications Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Maputo Municipality Jun 08, 2021 Page 14 of 15 The World Bank Maputo Metropolitan Area Urban Mobility Project (P175322) V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Rakesh Tripathi, Fatima Arroyo Arroyo Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Africa Eshogba Olojoba Recommended on 07-Jun-2021 at 05:18:40 GMT-04:00 Safeguards Advisor ESSA Peter Leonard (SAESSA) Cleared on 08-Jun-2021 at 16:43:58 GMT-04:00 Public Disclosure Jun 08, 2021 Page 15 of 15