Environmental Assessment/Analysis Reports ___ __ Report E0040 China - Liaoning Environmental Proj ect EA Category B Environmental Assessment 11 of 12 September 1993 This report has been prepared by the Borrower or its Consultant EA2EU JUN O 9 19 RECEnrE Environmental Protection Project ; Of Liaoning Province By Loan From World Bank No.1 Seware Treatment Plant in West of Anshan City Report Of Environment Impact Bei"ing Environmental Impact Assesmment Corp. Beijing Sep. , 1992 recvcled paper r,lug% and rnginnnnrntr Manager: Mr. Wu Zhicheng Project Manager: Mr. Li Youliang Technical Manager: Mr. Song Weimin Ms. Zhang Hong Reviewer: Mr. Li Zaigong Drawer-up: Mr. Song Weimin Ms. Zhang Hong Beijing Environmental Impact Assessment Corp. Beijing Sep., 1992 recycled paper truIog afnd pnminonment Participators and Their Occupation Name Occupation Speciality Mr. Wu Zhicheng Senior Engineer Environment project Mr. Li Zaigong Senior Engineer Environment Assessment Mr. Song Weimin Senior Engineer Water Supply and Drainage Mr. Yang Chenjun Senior Engineer Noise Control Mr. Li Youliang Seni-or Engineer Environment Management Ms. Qi Guoqin Engineer Environment Project Ms. Zhang Hong Engineer - Environment Project Mr. Zhang Liuling Engineer Environment Assessment Ms. Hu Hemei Engineer Environment Ecology Mr. Su Yi Engineer Environment Chemistry recycled Daper emog unimd envihmnment Content Page 1. Preface .............................................. el 1.1 Purpose and Substance of Assessment .....................3 1.2 Requirements and Basis for Report .....................4 of Project Environment Impact 1.3 Criteria, Scope and Factors of ........................ 5 Environment Impact Assessment 1.4 Characters of Impact Resulting ........................ 7 from Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant 1.5 Main Environmenital Objects in ......................... 8 Area of STP to be controlled 2.. General Introduction of Project ..... Q, ................. 8 2.1 Title and Purpose ................ .. ........ 8 2.2 Project Site and Geographical Position; ............... 8 2.3 Capacity and Occupied Area of STP ..................... 9 2.4 Investment in Project ....................... .......... . 9 2.5 Main Process of STP ........................ .... . .... .9 2.6 Management and Employees of STP ....................... 9 3. Role Played by No.1 STP in Anshan .................... 10 Water Net Comprehensive Pollution Control 3.1 Water Net is Anshan district ......................... 10 3.2 Existing Sewage Source and Situation . ................. 10 in Anshan 3.3 Determination of First Phase Project ................. 11 of Anshan Water Net Pollution Control recvcled gmDer e"&1oz% and nrin.nment 4. Project Analysis ............... ............. . 17 4.1 Diversion Works...... ...... a .............................. * * . ...17 4.2 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) ......................... 18 4.3 Water Dispatch Works ............................................ . 20 4.4 Research on Process Flow Sheet of STP ................ 20 4.5 Impact Factors of STP on Environment .................. 32 4.6 Water Balance of STP Under Different ................. 34 Conditions 4.7 STP Construction Plan and Expected Effects ........... 35 4.8 Reasonability Analysis of STP ...........*...........;38 4.9 Analysis of Sludge From STP ........................... 42 4.10 STP Area Rainwater Collecting System ................. 45 4.11 Management and Supervision of STP .................... 45 5. Existing Environment Situation . . 46 of Project Area 5.1 Natural Environment .................... ............. . 46 5.2 Natural Living Things .. 50 5.3 Socioeconomic Environment ........ .......... ............ ...... . 50 6. Present situation about the quality..................52 of surface water, underground water, air, soil and crops 6.1 Surface water ...... ................... 52 6.2 Underground water . ......................... .... 54 6.3 Atmosphere ........ ........ ............................ . 56 6.4 Soil crops ........................................... 58 6.5 Investigation of people health ....................... 62 6.6 Comprehensive comment of present . .................... 62 situation recvcled Paper Cfluz% and %ir.mment 7. Forecasting and assessment of .... 64 environmental impact of the construction project 7.1 Forecasting on change of water ........................64 quality on the Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi river after putting into operation of the waste water treatment plant 7.2 Influence of solid wastes on environment ............. 72 7.3 Influence of air pollution from waste ................ 79 water treatment plant on environment 7.4 Forecasting and asse3sment of impact ................. 89 of noise emitted from waste water treatment plant on environment 7.5 Analysis of influence of chemicals ................... 95 used for cleaning the water by waste water treatment plant 7.6 Preliminary analysis of influence of ......... 97 waste water treatment plant during construction period on environment 7.7 Influence of built project on ........................ 98 terrestrial plant and underwater 7.8 Influence of built project on ........................ 99 utilization of land, social economy and policy of the state 8. Economic, social and environment ............ 100 benefits of the built project recvcled oaper Wbl(vE and Pn%irn.nn-.o 8.1 Analysis of economic benefits ...... 100 of the project 8.2 Analysis on social benefits ......................... 107 of the built project 8.3 Analysis of environmental ........................... 108 benefits of the project 9. Analysis of accidents .................... ............ 109 10. Counter measures for alleviating of ................. 110 environmental impact of the project 11. Analysis and control counter measures ............... 116 of main pollution source of waste water collection system of the waste water treatment plant 11.1 Analysis of main pollution source ................... 116 11.2 Control counter measures of main ...... 120 waste water sources 12. -Set up of organization and personal ................. 121 training for waste water treatment plant 12.1 Production features .......................... 121 12.2 Requirement on-operation management ................. 122 12.3 Set up of organization .............................. 122 12.4 Fixed numbers of workers and staffs ................. 123 of the plant 12.5 Plan for training of personnel ...................... 124 13. Monitoring system and communication ................. 124 system 13.1 Monitoring purpose ............................ ...... 124 recvcled paper enula' end envinnment 13.2 Communication System ................................ 128 14. Reliability Analysis of Normal ......................129 Operation of STP 15. Analysis of Potential Impacts .......................132 16. Analysis of Alternatives . ................... 134 17. Comprehensive Assessment of STP ....................138 18. Conclusion of Assessment.. 141 18.1 Feasibility Study of STP .141 18.2 Conclusion of Assessment .141 19. Public Participant .147 recycled oaper cr,Iogz and emirenmrnt I. Preface Anshan city is one of the 6 main cities which are located in the Hun Taizi river valley Liaoning Province. In the district of Anshan, from east to west there are 3 rivers in the Taizi river valley, i.e. Nansha river, Yunlian river and Yangliu river. They join Taizi river at Xiakouzi, Dataizi and Xintaizi .in Anshan respectively. Anshan is a heavy industry district and is famous for its iron and steel industries, 76% of the city sewage comes from industry. Now, the three rivers and the section of Taizi river are heavily polluted. Along with the rapid development of industries, the water source in this area trends to be polluted further, not to say that there is a shortage of the water source. From the viewpoint of flowrate, quantity of pollutants discharged and extent of pollution, the Yunliang river is in first place among the 3 rivers. The pollution source of Yunliang river is concentrated in it's upper reaches mainly Xibugou (the western channel). The pollution of Xibugou has contaminated the underground water and the farm soil nearby. Anshan is in shortage of water supply, it has been affecting the living standard of the local residents and the economic development of the area. The "Programme of Comprehensive Water Pollution Control in Anshan) (PCPP), made by the Anshan Government based on the plan of comprehensive pollution control of Hun river - and Taizi river valleys of Liaoning province, shows that, recycled paper 1 omz end enhinsnnemrr, to solve the problem of pollution of the section of Taizi river in Anshan, the pollution of Xibugou must be treated first. Therefore, it is necessary to build up a water treatment plant in Xibugou. This water treatment plant, which is called No.1 Sewage. Treatment Plant (STP), is one of the main projects in Hui river and Taizi river valleys pollution control plan. Based on the result of study of the pollution control plan, the city construction and reconstruction projects office (CCRO) asked for loan from the World Bank for this project. After the delegation of World Bank visited Anshan, they decided to assign the STP project as the first phase project of sewage pollution treatment of Liaoning province, upon this base, "The Feasibility Study of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan" (STP) has been -prepared. Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant is a environmental control project. It will not only be a very important part in improvement of quality of the water in Yunliang river and the Anshan section of Taizi river, but also relate to the efficient utilization of water source in Anshan area and planning of environment projects. During the initial work of CCRO, on -the basis of document [Serial number: Guo-Huan Zi (1986) No.003] and relative regulations of the World Bank, the "Report of environmental impact assessment of Xibu No.1 sewage treatment plant project" is written by Beijing environmental Impact Assessment Co. according to the entrustment of Design and REsearch Institute of Anshan Iron & Steel Co. recvcled paper 2 Vrnols and wnwirannent 1.1 Purpose and Content of Assessment 1.1.1 Purpose of Assessment The No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) will be one of the important environment protection facilities in Anshan. It wi.l1 efficiently improve the district environment sanitation and control the water environment quality. However, the construction of this plant may have negative effect on the local environment, and the reuse of treated water will change the balance of the original water net. Besides, during the treatment, the separated sludge, if treate unproperly, will possibly cause the secondar pollution, and there will be atmospheric pollution noise and bad smell along with the operation of th plant. In the feasibility study, from the view point o environment control, a balance and adjustment work between the positive and negative impacts of this project must be made. 1.1.2 Content of Assessment By surveying and analyzing the existing water distribution in this area, where the project is located, and the environment quality, the quantitative assessment of the impact on the environment quality of the water net will be carried out. The qualitative analysis of underground water and soil will be carried out at the same time, because the surface water, underground water and soil are closely related to each other. Based on the features and the technoligical recvcled oaper 3 As and nnnnnrB 3 process flowsheet of the STP in' the feasibility, the extent of pollution and damage to the environment where the plant is built will be analyzed and predicted. Based on this, the measures to be taken in the project. feasibility study will be assessed to see whether they are effective and enough, so as to determine the reliability of the feasibility study. Alternatives or counter-measures of improvement will be put forward. t o From the view point of the features of the project, tjpl~ this assessment is mainly dealing with the surface water and at the same time, the consideration is also given to the underground water and soil. 1.2 Requirements and Basis for the Report of Project Environment Impact Assessment 1.2.1 Requirements As the No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant Project will be built with the loan from Bank of World, the assessment report must not only meet the relative laws and regulations of China and Liaoning province, but also meet the requirements of the outline of environment assessment made by the World Bank. 1.2.2 Basis (1) Regulations of Environmental Protection Managemelat of Construction Project. (2) Law of Water of PRC. (3) Law of Water Pollution Control of PRC. (4) Plan of Comprehensive Harness of Hun river and Taizi river valleys; recvcled Daper 4 eub'e and eminmnmmns (5) Programme of Comprehensive Prevention of Water Net Pollution of Anshan; (6) "Approval of Assigning Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan as short-term Project Built on Loan" issued by Anshan City Construction and Reconstruction Project Office on Feb. 24, 1988; (7) Feasibility Study of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan, which was submitted in 1991; (8) World Bank Technical Documentation No.139 - Environment Assessment Base Volume I; (9) World Bank Work Outline No.4, Appendix A - Requirements of Environment Assessment (OD401) (assessment is made based on Group B in Appendix A3), (10) Entrusting document of Environment Impact Assessment -- Design and Research Institute of Anshan Iron and Steel Co. (May, 1992) (11) Outline of Environment Impact Assessment of Xibu -No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan (May, 1992) (12) Approval letter of Outline of Environment Impact Assessment of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan (Liao Huan Guan (1992] 023) issued by Liaoning Environment Protection Bureau. 1.3 Criteria, Scope and Factors of Environment Impact Assessment 1.3.1 Assessment Criteria (1) Target of Surface Water Programming in Near Future In 1995, the water quality of Anshan section of Taizi river will accord with "The Surface Water Quality recycled paper ruIlor and rnvinmnmenm 5 Standards Group V (GB3838-881", and that of Yunliang river will accord with Group I of Field Irrigation Water (GB5084-85). (2) Water discharged from No.1 STP will accord with Class II for.expanded and reconstructed projects specified in 'AC A Sewage and Waste Gas Discharge Standard in Liaoning ,^ + Province. (3) The atmosphere will accord with Class II of Atmosphere Environment Quality Standard (GB3095-82). (4) The underground water will accord with Sanitary Standard of Living and Drinking water (GB5749-85). - {5) The environment noise will meet the requirements of Industrial Enterprise Outside-boundary Noise Standard (GB12348-90). (6) The soil Up till now, China has not yet formally issued soil IL 0 assessment standard. So, the Background Values of Liao River plain and the district background values will be used to make comparison, analysis and assessment. 1.3.2 Scope (1) Surface Water The main assessment will be done for sewage of Xibugou Section while the general assessment and analysis will be done for Yunliang River and Ainshan section of Taizi River. (2) Underground water By the section of Yunliang River from Xibugou to Liujianfang , which is as long as approximately 14 km. recycled paper c ehos and enmiaunment - 6 (3) Atmosphere The area, with the No.1 STP in the center, includes the nearly places, such as Dayingpan, Xiaoyingpan, Wusantai and Lisantai. (4) Survey .of Population Health The total point is Sonsan sewage irrigation district.> (5) Soil and Crops The survey of soil and crops will be made in the sewage irrigation with Xibugou as the center, and 10,000 mu district in area. 1.3.3 Ident±fication of Environment Impact Factors and Selection of Assessed Factors -i1) Surface water The sewage in Xibugou is mainly the waste water from the metallurgical industry, and the main pollutants in it are volatile phenol, cyanide, petroleums, SS, COD, so, C1 , salts and heavy metals. According to the requirements of industrial water and the sewage discharged. into Xibugou, SS, petroleum, COD, volatile phenol and cyanide are selected as the assessed factors for surface water. (2) Underground water - PAsf 1 Volatile phenol, fluoride, SO- and NO: - N are the factors.- aCl7 £'-46to4j 7 (3) Atmosphere T.S.P , S02 and bad smell are the factors. 1.4 Characters of Impacts Resulting from -Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant recycled paper l and ensinmnment The STP is a environment control project, which will improve the quality of water in Yunliang River and Anshan section of Taizi River. It will reduces the pollution of the underground water, soil and crops. However, the smoke of the boilers of auxiliary facilities and the bad smell resulting from evaporation of sewage will pollute the surroundings, and the power facilities and sludge transporting facilities will produce noise. 1.5 Main objects of environmental protection in area of STP The STP is located in the west part of Anshan, wh?ere -Ooz there are no scenic spots or historical sites, or rare animal and plants. Only four residential areas are near the CTP. They are the objects of environmental protection in this assessment. 2. Description of the STP project 2.1 Title: Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan Purpose: District sewage treatment for environment protection. 2.2 Selection of plant location and its geographical position The No.1 STP will be built at the west side of tailings dam of Anshan Iron and Steel Co. (AISC) in the west part of Anshan City. Its west neighbor is Lisantai, and its north neighbor is Xiaoyingpan. For the geographical position of Anshan City see Figure 2-1 and for that of STP see-Figure 2-2. 1 a> recycled oaper | (relogs and eninmeni 8 crIg n tinna Fig,2-1 Legend * - capitalf a-province capital 0- city \ a ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Liaoning province > nciJlnB * P > \ \ ~~~~~Shenynng city Peopla's Republic or China n 3U0 720 1080 hm < v Q ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Taiwan km llainan province Nap of geographic position of Anshan city In Liaoning province Figure 2-2 EXT. 0-r co - I kI L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (Jaa I5 0 Map of lovatAton of N4o.I1 sewage treatment plant ln db o l4DS wesl.nrn poart of Anslian ci ty t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A t ,a jOr 2.3 Capacity of STP and Occupied Area The final capacity of the STP is 220x1l=zu/d, i.e. 9166 m3/h. This figure is estimated on the based statistics and analysis of the data got from continuous detection made by automatic monitoring system at Xibugou and the peak value of un-even coefficient of water discharge, and the future development of industries in this district is also in consideration. The area occupied by the STP is i75x1000m2. 2.4 Investment of the P.roject*: The total inveAment qf the STP project is 180 million yuan RMB, ib.w0ich 50X will be the loan from World Bank and the rest will be collected locally.> ) 0 7 2.5 Main Process of STP The sewage going into the STP is mainly the waste water from the iron and steel production, so it is difficult to be treated by biochemical method. In this case, coagulation by physical and chemical process followed by settling and filtering will be used. 2.6 Management and Employees of STP The business and accounting of this STP will be made independently. Besides the STP operation, the STP will be responsible for maintenance and repair of the equipment and buildings, scientific research, technical development, supplying high quality water to the users, and repayment of the interest of the loan. There are 7 management sections, ops. The management persons will be 36. There azr 300 e4ployees in total. recvcfed paper eminUE a end rn%in.nmn, 3. Role Played by No.1 STP in Anshan Water Net Pollution Comprehensive Control 3.1 Water Net in Anshan District Nansha River, Yunliang River and Yangliu River in Anshan district belong to Taizi River Net; The ~ 9distribution of the water net over Anshan district is shown in Figure 3-1. 3.2 Existing Sewage Sources and Situation in Anshan City At present, 122 enterprises discharge industrial waste water. From them, 38 enterprises (21 of them are large- scale enterprises) have built up 183 installations for sewage treatment and water recovery. The nominal treatment capacity of these installation is 1,339x103 m3 /d, but the practical capacity is only 1,231.4x103 m3 /d. recycled paper er"lott and ininmnment 10 Anuhl l Iran and Steel Cominny Fig a -.~~~~~~~~~~4 -91~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I Anislian city Note: A Xibugou B Zhongbugou C Nanbugou Scliematic diagram of water system in Avnshan area Of them, 874x103 mi /d meets the requirements of the standard. The quantity of discharged water after treatment is 250xlO; m3/d. Now, the total quantity of waste water discharged in Anshan City is 746.6x103 m /d, in which, 563.8x10 mr/d 75.52% comes from industry,the treated industrial discharged water is 274x103 m3/d and the treatment ratio is 48.6%. 3.3 Determination of First Phase Project of Anshan Water Net Pollution The Water net in Anshan district consists of 3 rivers and 1 section. The 3 rivers all originate in Anshan district and so called one section means the section of Taizi River flow through the Anshan district, Taizi River that flowing. Based on the conception that treat the pollution of rises branch will improve the main river's water quality, considering that the 3 rivers have been heavily polluted the key problem is how to achieve good benefit in short period following analysis are made for the first phase project. 3.3.1 Analysis of Flowrate River The flowrates of Nanshan River, Yunliang River and Yangliu River, and the Taizi River Anshan section and the percentage of each river are shown in Table 3-1. And the distribution of flowrates is shown in Figure 3- 2. recvcled DaDer r l olu and rn%in.nnirns Total flow of 3 rivers 746.6 x 1000 e/d 01~10o ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-Q Flow7036.3x 1000 a/d Percentage of flows of sach river in Anshan area hydrographic net bcpelo and rnStirAment recycled paper Table 3-1 Flowrates of Rivers and Percentage Average Flowrate(10% r½d) Flowrate Flowrate Order *River ------------------------- Ratio of Ratio of Flowrate Total Flowrate 3 Rivers Each River in Name of each of 3 Rivers to Taizi to Total of River (X) 3 Rivers Flowrate * ~~~~~~~(%) Nansha 173.0 2.46 23.17 2 River Yunliang 420.8 746.6 5.98 56.36 l River Yangliu 152.8 2.17 20.47 3 River Taizi Flowrate River 703.63 Ratio of Anshan 3 Rivers Section to Taizi 10.61% ----------e--------------12-----------------------------------------_ recvcled DaDer 1 2 q4olgic and ensin.nmemn It can be seen from table 3-1 and figure 3-2 that the flowrate of Yunliang River is 56.36% of the total flowrate of the 3 rivers. The flowrate of Yunliang River is 5.98% of that of Taizi River Anshan section at Xiaohekou cross section. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the flowrate distribution, Yunliang River is the largest one in Anshan area to transporting water into Taizi River. Yunliang River consists of 3 branches, i.e. Xibugou (West Stream) , Zhongbugou (Intermediate stream), and Nanbugou (South Stream). Of them, Xibugou's flowrate is the largest and relatively stable. The distribution of flow of the rivers and streams is shown in Figure 3- 3 . It can be seen from Figure 3-3 that Xibugou's flowrate is 46.63% of Yunliang River's flowrate. So that the Xibugou should be emphasized. 3.3.2 Pollution Situation of Existing River In order to get the typical basic information for Anshan City water net pollution treatment, Anshan Environment Protection Bureau made thorough detection and survey of Taiz River Anshan section, and its branches, Nanshan river Yunliang and Yangliu River. To determine the extent of pollution of the 3 rivers, Table 3-2 is made by statistics in 1990. It is seen from Table 3-2 that Yunliang River is on the first place from the viewpr.int of the sewage flowrate and the equivalent pollution X . Its equivalent pollution load is 77.3% of that the 3 rivers. recvcled paper emkM% and mneni.nm in 13 Fig. 3-3 C1 0 Q o Nansha Flow F o%w f " 4 / |Zhong- Flou | AFl ow A Yunliang Fo X uo ^ # R iver c3 . b 4 1 sto | ze* | ) Others | F~~~~~l; | A (X) .4 iJ ~ ~ ~ ~ ie 2% Proportion of flow of rivers and streamls in Anshan 3 A , Percentage of streams to Yunliang river v B- Percentage of river to total flow Of the 3 rivers 1 Rey Five A ( The extent of pollution of the 3 streams which join Yunliang River is shown in Table 3-3. It can be seen from Table 3-3 that Xibugou is heavily polluted by industrial sewage, which is 92.9% of its flowrate, the living sewage is only 7.1% of its flowrate. As to the equivalent pollution load, industrial sewage is 97.36%, while living sewage is 2.64%. The-equivalent pollution load of Xibugou is 69.76% of that of Yunliang river. From the above analysis, it is seen that Xibugou plays a very important part in the pollution of Yunliang River. If the pollution in Xibugou is controlled, the quality of water in Yunliang River will be thoroughly improved. The distribution of equivalent pollution loads of the rivers and streams in Anshan district is shown in Figure 3-4. It is seen from the figure that the equivalent pollution load of Xibugou is two thirds of that of Yunliang River. A comprehensive analysis of the amount of industrial sewage discharged into the rivers and streams of Anshan water net based on the total qualitative control is made so as to get the accurate percentage of the main pollutants accepted by different acceptant waters. The results are listed in Table 3-4. It is seen from the table that Yunliang River is the heaviest polluted one among the 3 rivers, and Xibugou is the main polluting source to Yunliang River. The amount of the 6 main pollutants of Xibugou in the 3 rivers is 37.56-91.85% recvcled Daper crnIos and emnvnmmeni 14 lFig. 3-4 n 0 10 0 . Nansha A 0 8 () __ river A 1 A I &|| I I XibugouI 4J * Zhong-| A | l.) r ~~~~~~~~~bugou 76.oa Yunian A river do jB(%I Nan- At C./) bugou | J ,,II N | )lBi % thers| 0 | 9 | Yangliu 4 ~ IOhr J 101 ? river 6 7, 7O 74 _____ I t A - equivalent pollution loud Proportion of equivalent pollution loud Percentage of each river of each r iver in Aishian ciLy - to Taizi river W Key river 5WKey stream Percentage of each utream KT -38 to Yangliu river Table'3-2 Cowrehensive Analysis of Pollution Extent of IlAnsa River, Yunliaig River, Aind Yaagliu River U O) T T ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~in 00 iver - Tota I I Type of Accepted I Equivalent I Type at Equivalent Load I Pain Pollutants (listed by Polluting Extent) lOrder by Pollution Extent no I Flov I Accepted Flow I Lead I _______ a i ~~~~Irlncstrial I Living I Total I Percentage I Industrial I -Living I Polluted Vater I Living Sewage ISevage i Cowl,ination ~~ I I ~~~~I I r--i load l of t Vle 1 I In River I I Flow I Pollution ~~ I I~~Percent I Vater IPercent I Vater I I City Load IPercent I Vater I Percent I Water I III Load I I Flovi Flowi I Floi IFlowi I ansho 1IT1.30 163 .30 I10.95 136.70 I6.35 I 307.22 I 14.99 I 59.51 I 77.93 I40.49 1 529.29 IPetroleus. COD, BCD., MD.) EUDj. SS1 2 I 2 iver I I__I I I__ _ _ SS.C,Cr'II__ __ unliuaw (1) I 42.08 I 76.30 1 37.11 1 23.70 I 9.87 16742.00 I 77.32 1898.43 1SIM 59 1.9 11.57 I 780.05 I Petroleum. COD,). 1) I COD). BOD.t. SS I I I lver i I . 1IISS.VolatibIa phenoll I 'MllU 115.25 1 87.203 113.14 1 12.80 I 1.96 I 670.70 I 7.69 I 53.58 1 359.36 1 46.42 I 311.34 1 OM) , SS.Wj COD, OM,-, SS.I 3 I 3 iver I II II III. 1-1-4-4 * 1-4-4 + * A I74.66 I 75.30 I 58.20 I 24.70 I 18.46 18719.92 I 100.00 I 81.40 . I 7093.24 I 18.60 1 1620.68 I Petroleum, COD. BODj SS. Volatible Phienol I __ 16:b ~ ~~~~~Table 3-3 Cmprehensive Analysis of Potllution Exmte of 3 stream to Yuntiau River (in 1000 i'/) treaa I TotalI I Typ or Acupted Flow I Equivalent I Type or Equivalent Load i Order by Pollution Bren ImFlowI Loadw _____ I I Andutrial I LivIns I Total IPercentae I Industrial I LivIng H ain Pollutants (listed by Polluting Extent) ISevage ICodbiniation I _ _- load lof Vole - Flow IPollution ~~ I (~Percet WVateri- IP'ent I'Vater c iCty Load Iercert Vater (Pecet I Vater I pLa I (Flow I I Flow I Flow I IFlow I_________________ *Ibusod 119.20 I 92.00 117.84 I 7.10 I 1.36 ( 4702.90 I 64.80 0 7.38 1 4578. 74 I 2.64 I 124.15 I Petroleum. Volatible Phenl, MOI, SSI I I Joe44ou 7.10 I 23.94 I1.82 I 76.06 I .78 I745.24 1 ii.05 (48.41 1 345:87 I53.59 I399.37 IQJM. DODji Petroleum. SSI 3 I 3 .lusa 1 8.40 I50.43 1 4.24 I 49.58 I 4.16 I 1163.56 I 17.25 .I6.6I732 26 7.9 00,0) erlu Note, The equivalent pollution load of Xihluou Is 53.9wt of the total at the 3 ateam. n c n CL 0 Table 3-4 Comprehensive Amlysin of Amounts of Pollutants In lndmtrial Sevage of Rivers' aM Stream In Awhan Name of Amunts of Pollutaits Us Percentage of Total Pollutants 10 Rivers (M Sreas or River I I I I I I I I I - I I SS W r BODr I Votible I Cyan I de lPetroteum I SS I CODcy BM Votible I CyanIde Iretroleum I Phenol Phem I Xibugou 33269.15 13119.19 2891.00 30.16 26.38 2608.70 58.32 41.89 37.56 91.85 71.00 81.70 Zhon&bugou NO. 63 3817.34 1722.97 0.02 9.96 1.88 12.19 22.38 0.05 0.31 Hanbugau 1 1321.29 1 4116.81 1 1096.30 1 5.32 1 37.91 1 2.31 1 13.15 1 14.24 1 14.32 1 1.19 I gansha River 3394.52 13560.02 1 899.52 1 1.67 1 3.66 1 W9.59 I 595 1 11.37 1 11.69 1 4.70 1 9.85 1 9.31 1 Yuntiong River 36374.15 25068.46 1 6471.01 33.69 33.395 2985.M 63.77 81.96 84.06 95.30 89.88 89.72 Yamilu River 1 17273-27 1 2089-42 1 327.39 0.10 32.42 30.26 6.67 4.25 0.27 0.97 T41zl Rlvcr 1 107329-62 111453.361 6840-70 1 11.70 1 23.59 1 2901.44 1 Wan Sectionl Tgizl River 160977.04 1 41911.24 1 13639.19 1 44.59 1 57.09 1 5784.71 1 1 Aishan Sectioni 4iachekou) -43- Note: De data In this table are only used for the total quantitative analysis. IM self cleanina balance calculati6n has not bew nade. LP I joi>/.M> ^ {* of the total pollutants and is 20.68-67.56X of the total at Xiaohekou cross section of Yunliang River. By systematically analyzing the pollution of Anshan water net, and by surveying the flowrate and water qualitative parameters of each water, it is found that the pollution of Yunliang is the heaviest among the 3 rivers. As Taizi river receives a large amount of polluted water from the 3 rivers the quality of water in its Anshan section is poor . To solve the problem of pollution of Taizi River Anshan section, the sewage in Xibugou, whose equivalent pollution load is 53.93X of the total load of the 3 rivers, must be treated first. Therefore, according to the Programme of Anshan city pollution prevention, the Xibu No 1 sewage Treatment plant will be built in Xibugou, as the first phase of sewage treatment for Anshan city. 4. Project Analysis The sewage treatment project in Xibugou of Anshan includes the diversion works, the sewage treatment plant and the water dispatch works. Z 14 #/dscr- - The primary capacity of treatment of the plant is ;192xlO m' /d and the final capacity will be 220x1O3m3 /d. The area occupied by it is 175xlO'm. The total investment of the project will be 182 million RMB yuan. 4.1 Diversion works The sewage will be diverted through a covered channel from Xibugou to the STP. The diversion canal inlet will be located at the intersect point of Refractory recvcled Daper rripIog% and vnsir.inwm 17 2 .#"8( , 2 plant channel and Oxygen plant channel. It is about 800 meters to the STP. In addition upsteam the diversion open channel inlet will be changed into the covered channel which is about 3000 meters long. 4.2 Sewage Treatment plant (STP) The STP consists of water treatment facilities, auxiliary facilities, the management and living facilities. Its layout is shown in Figure 4-1. The water treatment facilities are as follows: -- screening -- flocculating pond -- matter removing box =- clarifier pond -- fast filter --sludge dispose facility -- chemical dosing room =- waste oil collecting system, and -- various pump rooms The auxiliary facilities are as follows: -- air compressor station -- substation -- boiler house -- garage and -- repair shop The management and living facilities are as follows: -- management and main control building -- canteen -- bath room and recycled paper eot.ge and rnin nmeni 18 Fig. 4-1 Canteen , CL r - nd bath f _ a I Admlnistratio n tu ; Space for futurA j, and bu Iin conto Iding V ure sa~~~~~~~~L9J 1 inj.c.....nt J uld _ C~~~~~~Lhird stage treatent F] ila I Primary clarifier Doming room tank Living savageaUR Xibugou Hake-up water pump rood LIZZJSludge mjle r tank/ : time Garage and repair shop Dller room Substation Exceme water discharged into Xibuxou during peaking tipe Arrangement of STP in plan -- living building. 4.2.2 Technical flowsheet of STP The technical flowsheet of the STP is shown in Figure 4-2. The sewage water diverted from Xibugou is screened to remove large floating and suspended matters, in order to prevent the blockage of pumps and damage on downstream equipment. The screened off matters are then transported out by belt together with the matter removed from the matter removing box conveyer, after > > dewatering. After that, they will be put into the yard. The coagulant (FeC13 or Al%(SO)3 and flocculant (ployacrylamide) are dosed into the screened water before it comes into the screw pump which raises the water into the flocculating tank to make sufficient contact of the hydrolysis products of chemicals with the insoluble matters to form relatively large precipitate. Then the water comes into the matter removing box, in which the water is stirred by 4 mechanically drived paddles. The bottom water is stable and all the flocculated matters settle down. The sludge there will be transported pneumatically. after that, the coagulant and flocculant are reduced into the water before it comes into the first stage clarifier tank where settling is made. And then the clarified water is pressurized by pump and trsferred through the fast filter. At last most of the cleaned water is sent to--users while the rest is directly recvcled paper 1oIog and mirmnIment i 9 | , !-1 I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Fig. 4-2 3~~~~~~~~ 3 _ t - e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hemica doming lounge I IOU Kibugas Watider Itwuegot I u' fro libndp fromt roul* se;tdeWld 3 small quentit* dinubarged back to libugsg L4C?- ~~~~~~after canguinting and nettling Dhbcription (I) *crxen 4 16 Seud acreu davetertng 1111 ltLrrer_ dlowse*nd e evreder R6) largeICEF 1181 lNudea pumpluge IS) Vlaaeu idling ui Sludge pee (IS UnI li1Wftelr| tank on 14) Hmatter t) sludge lun gII) rnurlnation ui) rne-vlU hem puap .teti.n to, PtuiSri 1101 sludge 11) Lit Sludge ttrnsperted nleritier piuig t out tank Processing progras of STP 36 discharged into Xibugou. The backwashing water from the filter goes into the clarifier tank. The settled sludge and floating matters are pumped into the sewage mixing pot where they are stirred. Then flocculant is dosed before they are transferred by sludge pump into the filter press. 4.3 Water Dispatch Works The water after treatment in the STP will be reused as water source. The flow of the reused water is 168 x 1000 t/d. In which 120 x 1000 t/d will be used by 'the mine and 48 x 1000 t/d by the heavy plate mill plant. The reused water is dispatched to the users. For this through the pump station and a 6000 meters water line will be built up. 4.4 Technical research of STP 4.4.1 Determination of Treatment Capacity Xibugou is the main branch of Yunliang River, and is an industrial sewage discharge channel. It's flow is 45.6% (-if that of Yunliang River. If there is nD y run-off, the flow of Xibugou mainly depends on the industrial sewage discharge-amount. Only a small amounts of living sewage comes into Xibugou. The information about the V 'tit fflowrate of Xibugou has been got by long-period automatic detecting. To determine the feasibility of the treatment capacity of the STP, the hydrological analysis of the information about the flow in the typical rainy and dry year and month and day in recent years has been made. The results are listed in Table recycled paper p ebcWr and rnwin,nment 4-1.~~~~A. bu\ MfA 0 t'bS 4- 1 - ;0~ ~ -~ - 4-1.~ ~ - It is seen from Tatre 4-1 that the average hourly flow, the monthly average hourly flow or the year average hourly flow is within 7875-8226 .3/h, regardless of rainy or-dry season. It is realized that after the analysis of the flowrate curves, 8000 m3/h in the feasibility study of Xibu No.1 STP of Anshan as the near-future flowrate is obtained by scientific analysis of a lot of surveying data. The quantities of industrial and living sewage discharged in 1991, 1995 and 2000 has been predicted according to the development of city and industry, which are planned in Harnessing Plan", detailed in table 4-2. From table 4-2, the waste water into Xibugou will incse 4 220,600 m3/d form 1990 to 2000, i.e. b1 the to - ^ flowrate of Yunliang river will increase correspondingly. The capacity of STP defined as 220,000 m3/d will fulfill the development zompletely. C 4 l 4.4.2 Determination of Concentration of Main Pollutants in Water To Be Treated To solve the problem of pollution of the Xibu water net in Anshan City, the Anshan Urban Reconstruction Project Office and the Environment Protection Monitor Station of Anshan Iron and Steel Company works together to survey the pollution sources, water usage, waste water discharge and extent of polluted water in this water net and detected more than 40 of pollutants at the fixed cross section from 1Nov. 990. recvcled oaper crulop and rnvinrnmenn 21 Table 4-1 Flow of Xibugou In Different Periods - -15 vr - - - I - , . , ,T I1 1 1 Average Flow M Ibx. Exceedance I Ibx. Loss Below I Average Daily I Discrete I KQ I Date I escriptiom I (mg/h) I Above Average Flow I Average Flow I Flov (ng/d) I Coefficient (Cv) I 1 ~ ~ ~ 1 1 (.3) I (I. 1 1I ---1 ~__ __ _ - - I * II I . I I I Aug. 8.1989 I Rainy Season, Day 1 7909 I 2856 1 1636 I 191976 1 0.0596 1 - t----I _-. --l-_- I I* I . .I* I 2 IDLNx. 8,1989 IDry Season, Day I 8510 I 1316 1 1339 1 204384 1 0.0237 1 ..-.-..-.-.-I---.--.---------.-.- -1-I _ I I I. . I 3 1 I.il. 8,1900 I Rainy Season, Day I 7875 1 3051 1 1868 1 189000 1 0.0417 1 - 1-- 1-- - 1 - ~ ~ ~~~~I _- *I I I 4 D eC. 8,1990 I Dry Season, Day 1 7972 1 2296 1 1208 1 192302 1 0.0352 1 I- 1-- --1--*-----*--- 1- 1 1 -- I I 5 lAtin. 8.1991 I Rainy Season, Day 1 7912 1 22D8 1 1608 1 190104 1 0.0344 6 I Dke. 8,1991 I Dry Season, Day 1 8514 1 2086 1 1370 1 204336 1 0.0251 1.------ 1 H-- ------I ---I 7 IDuc. .1989 IDry Season, lknth I 8130 1 598 1 821 1 19i120 1 0.0149 1.--1-*--*~---*------ -- I _4 1 8 1 Ag. .1911 I Rainy Season, tkmnth 1 8116 I 1248 1 510 I 194784 I 0.0189 1 ---I- -I I t* -- 1 9 1 uc. .1991 I Dry Season, Day I 8461 1 1248 1240 203064 0.0230 I I Flow changes aL 01.10 17901 at 01 o'clock I I 0.07 at 01 o'clockI 10 A Aug. .1991 land 19 o'clock within 18259 at 10 o'cliok I I1 0.0609 at 10 o'clock I I IC days In rainy season 8198 at 10 o'clock I I 1 0.0530 at 19 o'clock I ----1-- I I I I tI I I Flow changes at 01,10 18233 at 01 o'clock I I 10.0428 at 01 o'clock I 11 Dec. .1991 Ilund 10 o'clock within 1 8828 at 10 o'clock I I I I 0.0418 at 10 o'clock I 11 1122 days in dry season 1 8052 at 19 o'clock I I I I 0.0501 at 19 o'clock I 12 1 1991 1 Yearly I 8250 I 1 1 1 1 . aI._._,_._.__ I .. I, , Table 4-2 Prediction of Sewage Discharge Amounts To Xibugou I I Discharge Amount . I (102 m /d)> AccePtant Waters F - , I In 1990 In 1995 In 2000 I Industrial I 321.0 I 338.7 I 332.4 I I Sewage I *. .. . § I Living I 99.8 I 127-0 I 146.2 I I Yunliang. I Sewage I I . River + f I I I Total I 420.8 I 465.7 I 478.6 I I Discharge I I. . . . " I I Increase I I 106.7 1 133.7 I ~~~I (") I I I I ; I Industrial I 178.4 I 196.4 I 201.4 I I Sewage I l Living I 13.6 I 16.0 l 19-2 I I Xibugou I Sewage I Stream I * I I- I g Total I 192.0 1 212.4 I 220.6 .1 I Discharge I Increase I I 106.3 I 149.0 I'I x I I I I F + I . IPercentage of Sewage I Discharge of Xibugou to that 1 456.3 I 456.1 I 460.9 [of Yunliang River (x) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .1 ._ _ _ _ . 0 recvcled Daner 23 rolog% and enoironment And based on this survey, the Report of the Research and Assessment of pollution sources in Xibu Water Net Item has been made; According to the report, this water net consists of the. rivers that mainly accept industrial sewage. In these rivers, the flowrates have only a small change in the normal season and dry season. If the industrial production is stable, the discharge is also stable. So the results got from detection made in normal season can also shows the situation in dry season. Anshan district is located in the Temperature Zone, and its rainy season is in summer. Therefore, it is decided that the monitor and detection should be made during the rainy season to know the pollution situation in this district. The detection was carried out on June 13 and 27, Jul. 19, Oct. 8 and 15, and Nov. 2, 3 and. 5 (total 8 days). The results see Table 4-3. It is found from Table 4-3 that the main pollutants beyond the relevant standards in the water in Xibugou are SS, COD , Oil, volatile phenol, cyanide, Hg, Ca+2 and Cd . The quality of the water to be treated in the STP will be determined based on the data in Table 4-3. 4.4.3 Character of Sewage To Be Treated The character of sewage in Xibugou is as follows: (1) High .'owrate of sewage (8000 m3/h). (2) The components in sewage is very complicated: it contains organic pollutants, many kinds of inorganic matters, some of it in solution and some in suspending recvcled Paper e..4gs and cnwimnnirwit 24 Table 4-3 Polluted Vater Quality. Assessment Standards wnd Reached Stanards r:ted pil Volatible Cyanide Petroleum SS (Jkr DO Hllj-H Nitrate H Ion-Inoized Condictivirw Full Salt Total Hethvl Carbiwate Tur- S - POj F or - Phenol H Amnia ij S/ca) Hares Orance Kardevdm bidity Alkaliny cted 7.8 0.412 0.223 5.3 1052 89 3.07 15.8 1.12 0.22 1.06 88u 41 374 172 1I4 94 0.1 223 1.7 18-88 6-9 0.1 0.2. I 25 2 - 25 1 0.2 - - - - - - - 250 1.5 ,p V i84-85 5.5-8.5 3 1 10 - - - - - - - 1000 - - - _ I _ 3.0 4,1 1 ird 4/ x K K K K 4/' V/ / X V/ V 4/ 4 / / x lied Ci lIg Ca4 Cr G G: Cu3 Pb' Cd-'2 ZnA iH,2 Fe Fe As P Blj' Total Coil- Vater total total solved Nuber up Teertwre of per ml (It) Germs/ ml ctod 83 1.5 x 10 139 60 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.008 0.07 140 0.9 0.3 0.04 0.18 10.3 3800 24 28 i:1-88 250 0.001 - - - 0.1 1 0.1 0.01 2 I - I 0.1 0.2 10 - 10000 - 'p V 184-85 .200 0.001 - - - 0.1 1 0.5 0.002 2 - - - 0.05 - - - 10000 35 dhard l/ x x V 4/ 4/I/ 4/ x 4 4/ V V 4 4 4 hed1 lIotes 1. Unit w/le except dll value. 3 2. V - Ites standard reached, X - Item starderd beyond. ' 3. GB 3838-88 represents "'nvironmental Quality Standards Surfece Vater." 4. GB 5084-85 represents "Standbrd for Irrisatilon Vater Quality." state, and some in finely divided state. (3) The biochemical degradability of the sewage is low. (4) The main pollutants in the polluted water are petroleums, SS, COIkr , volatile phenols and heavy metal Hg. (5) Because the waste waters are discharged continuously, the water quantity and quality vary as the production processes vary. (6) Because the waste waters come from several plants and mixed in Xibugou, both the pollutants contained and concentrations are quite different, it will decrease the concentrations of some pollutants and cause difficulties in treatment. 4.4.4 Research and Determination of Sewage Treatment Process recvcled DaDer rumlog' and ensinmnmenw 26 (1I Research of Sewage Treatment Process The informations of many years detection shows that the main pollutants in the sewage of Xibugou are SS, CODcr, Hg, petroleums and volatile phenol. In this district there is shortage in water source, so that the cleaned water after treatment will be reused and should meet the requirements of different uses, that is, should be accorded with different water quality standards: the discharged with water must meet the "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water" Group V and the Standards for Irrigation Water Quality-Group I, and the reused water must meet the requirements of the industrial circulating water and industrial make-up water. This gives strict requirements to the sewage treatment process for Xibugou. The sewage with volatible phenols are mainly discharged from the coke making plant, it is more economic to control the polluting source within the coke making plant. The Hg in the water cones along with the sulphuric acid manufactured by Huludao Sulphuric Acid Plant, so this kinds of sulphuric acid should not be used any more. In this case, the concentration of volatible phenol and Hg can largely be decreased, and the treatment process can be simplified. Usually, the harmless treatment of polluted water with biological method is more economic than by any other methods. It means that if it is possible, the recvcled paper nuogi and rnwinsnninm 27 biological method should considered first. However, the feasibility of biological treatment method of the polluted water depends on the contents in the water and the living conditions for the microorganism. To determine the feasibility, the ratio of BOD5 to CODcr must be estimated. From the ratio, we can know the percentage of the organic matters in the polluted water that can be degradated biologically to the total organic matters in the water. In practical projects, the following table can be used to assess the feasibility of the biological method. Table 4-4 Reference Value for Assessment of Feasibility of Industrial Sewage by Biological Treatment method …---------------------------------------------____----------- BOD5/CODcr(%) >45 >30 <30 <25 …__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Feasibility of Biological Feasible Possible Difficult. Impossible Treatment method …------------------------------------------------------------ Based on the values of BOD5 and CODcr in Table 4-3, in Xibugou BOD5/CODcr=11.6%, which shows that the biological degradability of the polluted water in recvcled Paper mI.mg% and emirunmenn 28 Xibugou is very low, and so it is not suitable to use the biological method. To determine the treatment process of the polluted water, a static tests with physical and chemical treatment methods have been made. Based on analysis and survey of the quality of polluted water in Xibugou and the standards should be reached after treatment, and in comparison with the similar existing plants, the static tests with physico-chemical methods (presettling, coagulative precipitation and fast filtering) have been made. The results are listed in Table 4-5. recycled paper rn*kM% and enirenment 29 Table4-5 Resultant Values from Aralysis Under Best Conditioris Polluted WaLer Water Water Standard of Erivironmental wat.er in QUality. Quality after QUality Field 'Irriga- Qiiality Standards Item Xibugou After Coagulative After tion Water for Surface Water Presettle settle Filtering (GB5084-85) ((lB3838-88) Pil 8.37 8.37 8.01 7.87 5.8--8.5 6--9 oils 3.0 3.0 0.8 9 5.0 Suspen- 749 414 33 17 sians Chemical 131 124 76 25 Ox yger, Demand rotal 808 B16 800 784 c 1000 salts (CODcr) lTotal Ilardness 273.3 292.3 275.9 278.5 Cl- 136.5 143.6 134.75 < 201) 250 F - 3.31 3.30 < 3.0 1.5 Phenol 0.84 1.64 < 3.0 0.1 Coliba- 120 95 1000 1000 3 cillus/1 Cr+6 0.016 0.04 ' 0.1 0.1 Cul 0.011 0.016 0.064 0.0222 < 1.0 10 Cd 0.002 0.002 c 0.002 0.01 Zn 0.904 0.004 < 7.0 2.0 CN- 1.870 0.924 < 1.0 0.2 - -- ___-_ __ -_ - - --_---___-_- - -- - - -- - _ _ _- - ---__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ It is seen from Table 4-5 that, although the values in the table do not exactly coincide with the quality value of water coming from each treating facility unit and the average value obtained from detections in many years, differences exist their owing to the errors from analyses. however the effect of each facility unit (presettling coagulative settling and filtering) cleaning the polluted water from Xibugou is very obvious. The concentration of each pollutant, after polluted water being presettled, is decreased to different extent. Then, the fine suspension particles that can not be settled during presettling, are formed into large sizes of alum coagulated masses, which carry and absorb part of petroleums and CODcr in the polluted water. Then, the water, coming from the coagulating facility, is filtered, the water quality is improved further, and the water becomes clear without peculiar smell. The requirements of CODcr, hardness and total salts in the reused water are more strict. However, the coagulative settling and filtering process has limited effect to removing the solved matters. So that, the water needs further treatment. (2) Determination of Pol-luted Water Treatment Programme Xibugou sewage contains mainly suspension pollutants, petroleums and CODcr. Based on the analysis of the results got from the static tests, the treatment recycled oaper cerukM and rnirionawnt 31 programme is as follows: a)It is difficult to use the biochemical method to treat *the sewage in Xibugou, to meet the requirements of reused water so the physico-chemical treatment will be used. b)The best treatment programme and data obtained from the tests for removing SS, petroleums and CODcr are as follows: The best dosing for coagulative settling is: FeC13 20 mg/l A12(SO4)3 20 mg/l Polyacrylamide 0.4 mg/l The stirring period is 15 min. The settling time is 90 min. The percentage of SS removed is 92%, that of petroleum removed is 75%, and that of removed CODcr and Ca are 39% and 57.8% respectively. This shows that the coagulative settling method has good result, so this method will be used. The' filtering materials will be double layers: one of them is quartz sand and the other . is anthracite. The filter speed is 40 m/h. 4.5 Impact Factors of STP on Environment The main impact factors of the STP on the environment are the smoke and slag from the boilers, the bad smell va&a A40y " P,.J- from the polluted water, the noise produced by pumps and the sludge from the treatment. One 2.8xl0 kJ/s hot water boiler is used for heating in the plant and one 0.5 t/h steam boiler is used for supplying steam for the canteen, bathroom and meal recvcled paper rculug% *nd ensinenmemn 32 reheater uses. The annual coal consumption of the boilers is about 3860t. The c.oal consumptions of the heating boiler and the living service boiler are 855.5 kg/h and 88.7 kg/h respectively. 4.5.1 Atmospheric Pollutants (1) Boiler Smoke Based on the calculation, the total amount of S02 produced by burning coal in the boilers is 19.2 kg/h. The heating boiler produces 17.4 kg/h, and the living service boiler 1.8 kg/h. The smoke is discharged out through two 30-meter high chimneys. The smoke with dust produced by the boilers is dedusted by the ceramic dust collectors and then is discharged into atmosphere. The efficiency of the dust collector is 99%. The dust concentration in the final discharged smoke is C 300 mg/Nm3, and the amount of discharged dust is about 1.1 kg/h. (2) Bad Smell The No.1 STP collects the sewage from many tens of enterprises as- well as a small amount from living sewage. Since some of the sewage comes from the coke making plant and the rolling mills, the sewage emits slight bad smell. N r 4.5.2 Noise The noise is produced by pumps, dust collectors and air compressors. There are 60 water pumps, 2 dust collector fans and 4 4L-20/8 air compressors (2 of them are stand recycled oaDer crnIobe nnd nmiri nw- by) in the STP. The noise from the pumps and fans is 86-92 dB (A), so they will be installed in the sound-proof rooms. The noise from the air compressors is about 100 dB(A), so the compressors will be installed in the sound-proof room, and will be equipped with silencers at air inlet. The noise level outside the rooms after treatment is < 85 dB (A). A* L."' 5° . C 4.5.3 Sludge and Waste petroleums The STP will collect SS and petroleums from the sewage. So 343 tons/d of sludge will be produced at beginning U,A' of operation of the STP, and 394 tons/d will be produced when the final capacity is reached. Besides, a small amount of slag is produced from the boilers and small amount of dust is out of the dust collectors. 4.6 Water Flow Balance of STP Under Different Conditions Like all rivers, the flowrate of Yunliang River depends on the natural and man-made factors (such as incoming water, rain and permeable leakage, evaporation, and irrigation). To describe the flow balance of Xibugou under different conditions clearly, we will describe it by three periods: near future, middle future and far future, Each period has under four conditions: -- Without rain and irrigation, - -- Without rain but with irrigation, -- With rain but without irrigation, and -- With rain and irrigation. recvcled paper ewuIoas and rninm,nent 34 The principle of the water flow balance is to ease up the shortage of water source in Anshan, i.e. to reuse most of the cleaned water, and at the same time to keep the water flow needed for irrigation in this area and *J~ i_tc -s H- maintain the minimum flowrate of the river in non- irrigation season to prevent the secondary pollution and the river from being dried up. Therefore, the flow of the reused water will be reduced during irrigation to meet the demand for irrigation water. The reduction of reused water during irrigation enables to stabilize the water quality. This is )h>' because, in this season, make-up water can substitute| some of the reused water. The water flow balances. at the 3 periods and under different conditions are shown in Table 4-6. For the after flow balances-under conditions "without rain but with irrigation" and "without both rain and irrigation" see Figures 4-3 and 4-4. 4.7 STP Construction Plan and its Expected Effects recvcled caper eng,Iuu and eu,intnnn 35 Figure 4-3 Flow ot industrial sewage Flow of living sewage of of Xibugou B Xibugou C Leaked water Collected sewage during flowing flow in the sec-. D tion of Xibugou Evaporated water to be treated BIC during flowing E 0 C watl \05 = evaporated water 4 | leaked esen STP G 4i leaked ~ ~ ~ inlOlO a/ otionin S F ow into - w-ater K _ Water Water in N eardischarged sludge I - - -into Xibugou - Year oCeaned 7a5er reusedJ in lOxIO' m3/d 3- - - - ICH Future f7*5 f-" 4*'j'1-aot|g |-" 20D00Z._ HH g3 recycIeK paper Flow balance in section of XibugQm,gtgdb&Aam&ted under condition with irrigation, but without rain Figure 4-4 Flow of industrial Flow of living sewage in Xibugou B sewage in Xibugou C Leaked water Collected water during flowing D in section of Xibugou to Evaporated be treated B+C water during s r _ ~~~~flowing E 0* .C @ | _ Evaporated cd to1lekd water in STP G es leaked o y wate r. c S CinTP F Flow into I - \ ,- Water \ Water in discharged sludge I into Xibugou H r cleaned water reused J In lOxlO, m3/d Descri- A B C- D E F G - I T .ptionA C J FG Near 6400 rS O. ° a0j aaa Year 2E5 6J o 2000 zcoZS5{#7aE ° fA v .G6roc Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be treated under condition without rain and irrigation recvcled maper rrolug% and inwinmnrns p Ir C X Table 4-6 Dlttribution of Lnaip,Tejf nln, e mSJi) . n l.erods Treating Non-irrigation season Irrigation season Capacity Without rain With raLn Without rain with rain Reused Discharged Reused Discharged Reused Irrigation Discharged Reused Irrigation Discharged water water water water water water water water water water 'lear 19--0 165.00 23.80 168.00 99.02 130.00 53.30 8.34 168.00 53.30 35.72 1luture 1995 2l.24 186.00 26.19 186.00 91.41 152.00 53.3C 6.89 186.00 53;30 38.11 2000 '20.0 193.00 26.78 193.00 92.00 160.00 53.30 6.48 193.00 53.30 38.70 … 2 The construction of the STP will be started in 1993, and it will be put into operation in 1996. The construction will last 3 years, and it is required that the STP will reach the design capacity and the water quality will reach the standards in the same year when it is put into operation. The concentration of the main pollutants (SS, CODcr, petroleums volatible phenol) in the water in Xibugou will be obviously reducep after treatment, and that of, the others is also reduced. Thus the water quality will be improved largely, and the water will become clear without any bad smell. The requirements of irrigation water and reused water can be met. The water quality before and after treatment are shown in Table 4-7. Table 4-7 ^t4 Pollutants Quality ---------------------------------------------------------- pH SS CODcr roluem TFe Carbonate (mg/1) (mg/l) '0g/l) (mg/i) Hardness (mg/1) Before 7.8 1052 89 24 0.2 184 Treatment Reused 7.8 17 78 1.3 0.73 115.1 water Purity(%) - 98.4 12.4 94.6 18.9 37.4 Dischar- 8.1 48 1.4 1:25 157.6 ged Purity - 95.4 12.4 94.2 - 14.3 z i7i~~~~~~~~~' recycled' paper dfr f 4.8 Reasonability Analysis of STP 4.8.1 Reasonability Analysis of STP Site and Ge eral Layout (1) Reasonability Analysis of STP Site The site of Xibu No.1 Sewage Treatment P ant of Anshan city will be located on the west of the t ilings pit of Anshan Iron and Steel Co., which has been discarded. The site area is a smooth terrain. The ar a occupied by it is 175x10#m2. The polluted water in Xibugou is mainly industrial and living sewage from AISC. This STP can collect the main pollutants in the sewage in Xibugou. Owing to the site of STP is selected near the upper head of Xibugou, the reused water pipeline will not be too long, so as it will benefit to capital investment and operation cost both; and the water quality flowing in Xibugou will be changed, the polluted water section will be shortened (only before STP), and the treated water will become the main course. ti) S The site of STP is near AISC, and so it is convenient to get power, water and communication from AISC. Al this shows the selected site of STP is reasonable. (2) Reasonability Analysis of General Layout of STP a)Layout in Plan For the layout in plan see Figure 4-1. There will be an entrance and an exit for the sewage treatment plant. A circular road and intershop main roads will be built in the plant for transportation. According to the STP process flow, the screen, screw recycled paper e%Z% and enviunnment 38 pumps, coagulating tank, waste removing box, clarifying pool, booster house, and filter will be arranged on a straight line. The arrangement is reasonable, and the process flow is smooth. The chemical dosing room, the solid waste collector station and the sludge treatment facility are located near the water dispose line, which make the operation -convenient and reduces the investment. b)Vertical.Arrangement / d 1*l * For the vertical arrangement, the water will flow through the line by gravity After the polluted water comes into the STP, it is raised into the coagulating tank by the screw pump. Then, it flows through each facility by gravity, so that the primary investment and the operation cost can be reduced. Therefore, the general layout of the STP is reasonable. (3) Reasonability Analysis of Sanitary Protection Space of STP The sanitary protection space means the min. distance between the boundrarys of the unit producing hazard factor and the boundarys of the living are? jrThe ceramic multi-tube dust-collectors are used to clean the smoke from the boilers of the STP. The smoke after cleaning contains the S02 an dust with low concentration. 5 . -) The slight bad smell emits from the industrial sewage, and is much different from the bad smell from the recycled iaper 39 ebicg. and rniru.,um-... living sewage, so the smell fr m the polluted water to be treated has limited effect on the environment. The noise of the STP is mainly produced by the pumps, fans and air compressors. Measures will be taken to insulate the sound from these machines, so there will be little impact of noise on the environment. The nearest living area is Dayingpan, which is 400 meters from the STP boundary. This distance is much larger than the sanitary protection space. So the sanitary protection space of the STP is reasonable. 4.8.2 Analysis of Relationship Between Reuse of Treated Water, Irrigation with Treated Water, and Original Water Source (1) Possibility Analysis of Reusing Water in Xibugou After Treatment In the near future, the STP will treat 192X10) tons of polluted water per day. Of it, 120x10 t/d will be reused for the ore beneficiation plant, 48x103 t/d will 3 o be reused for the plate mill, and 24x10 t/d will be discharged. The hardness of the water after treatment 13% I is relatively high, and easily causes scale deposit- in the pipes; The concentration of chloride in the water after treatment is too high. It can pit the steel strip being cooled on the mill run-out table, chlorinate and corrode pipes. Therefore, the reused water will be retreated further. For this, lime will be dosed into the reused water to lower down the hardness and the recvcled vaper 40 eiuloc% and enignmmni concentration of chloride.The or6 beneficiation process require's relatively high'temperature water. The temperature of the polluted water in Xibugou is high, therefore it will be beneficial to energy saving. (2) Possibility Analysis of Use of Xibugou Water For Irrigation After Treatment The polluted water running along Xibugou has very heavy pollutant load, and it pollutes the waters in Yunliang river and Taizi River Anshan Section very heavily. Over 10,000 mu (lmu=666.6 m2) of farmland that produces almost 10,000 tons of rice per year are irrigated with Xibugou water. Because the soil is polluted by petroleum and heavy metal in the water, the soil quality are becoming worse, and its fertility is reudced. The rice produced there contains more petroleum than the compared standard rice, and the vegetables-are also polluted to different extents. The quality of the water from Xibugou after treatment can reach the standards for irrigation made by Liaoning Province. The *use of the water after treatment for irrigation will reduce or eliminate the pollution to the farmland and the- potential hazard of heavy metal to the crops. [ (3) Analysis of Relationship Between reuse of Trbated Water, Irrigation with Treated Water, and the Original Water Source. It is important that whether or not the reuse of treated water from Xibugou will effect the irrigation recycled paper 41 tinIog% and emninmmmen and the make up water to underground water. As mentioned above, farmland directly irrigated by Xibugou water is 10,000 mu. Each mu consumes 800 m3 of water a year, that is, all the area consumes 8 million. m3 a year. However, this consumption i s concentrated in 5-months irrigation period, and the monthly average consumption in this period is 160.OxlO m3, the dayly av rage consumption is 53xlO;m3. ,4CAP6 ia dt4t The 168X10 m3/d water af reatment will be reused, and only 24x03 m3/ / for irrigation. In this case(td< the water reused for the plate mill must be reduced to 10xl3m3/d in the irrigation season so as to meet the 4On /requirement of irrigation and also prevent the river ,a from being dried up. Instead, make-up water can be added to the plate mill water system to adjust its water quality. 4.9 Analysis of Sludge From STP 4.9.1 Amount of Sludge Produced and Its contents The polluted water in Xibugou contains 1052 mg/1.of SS (average), and the SS will be reduced to 17 mg/l. The difference between them is the amount of settled sludge. Also, the coagulatant and flocculatant will be dosed during the water treatment. The doses of them. will be 40 mg/l and 0.4 mg/l respectively and they are all settled down into the sludge, i.e. the sludge contains the dosed agents. recvcled oaper 42 rttngbi and enmin.nment The water content in the sludge is 39.8%. The sludge amount will be calculated based on the 3 periods, and the results are as follows: …------------------------------------------------------------ Period Amount of Treated Sludge Amount Water (m3/d) (t/d) …------------------------------------------------------------ 1990 192xlO \ 343.0 1995 212.4x103 379.4 2000 220.6xlO 394.1 Except the dosed agents, the contents in the sludge produced from the STP are the same as in the existing mud in Xibugou. The mud contents of Xibugou are listed in table 4-8. Table 4-8 composition of mud from Xibugou (western channel) -----------------------------------------------------------__------- Composition SiO2 A1203 TFe FeO Fe2O3 CaO Mgo MnO Contents (%) 24.04 1.39 21.56 7.19 22.83 15.48 1.05 0.13 Composition P F S Zn Pb Cr Cu Content {X) 0.16 0.02 0.16 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.003 recycled paper 4 emeogr and eniI 4.9.2 Disposal Method of Sludge The matters, removed by the screen and the removing box, contains' a less water, so they are directly transported out after being collected. The sludge and floating matters from the clarifier tank will be sent by the sludge pump into the sludge mixing pot where they are stirred and mixed. Then the sludge is sent onto the belt filter press to become filter cakes before being transported out into Heniuz ang sludge disposal field (yard). 4.9.3 Sludge Transportation Line and Carriers ,~ce a4 recvcfed naper 44 twslug% and rninsument 350t of sludge (water content 39.8%) should be transported out from the STP for disposal every day in the near future.The Heiniuzhuang sludge field,which is northeast about 11 km from the STP and can accept the sludge produced by the STP every day. For transportation of the sludge, 6 lorries (Dongfeng EQ3 H-1 type) 'and 1 loader will be employed.However, Anshan City and AISC lies between the STP and the Heiniuzhuang Sludge Field.In order that the load on the road traffic of Anshan City and AISC will not be in creased and that city will not be polluted by the sludge transportation, the lorries will run along the existing simply-built road which is laid on the northwest side of AISC.The transportation distance is 15 km.The lorries carrying sludge will run through Liantaizi, XiaoYingpan, Chengangbao, Qiangang, Hougang, Dahongqi, Houjiatum, and Heiniuzhuang and then arrive to sludge field. 4.10 STP A-ea rainwater Collecting System. The rainwater in the STP area will be collected by the open channel by the roads and then is discharged through the discharge outlet into Xibugou. 4.11 Management and Supervision of STP There will be a technical department in the STP.This department will employ 4 persons responsible for the technical supervision and management of the STP operation. There will also be a detection and analysis lab,where recvcled oaper 45 cruloe and eninsnmrnt 27 persons will be employed. 5. Existing Environment Situation of Project Area. 5.1 Natural Environment 5.1.1 Position and Topography The STP is located in the west side of Anshan City and is adjacent to AISC .The position of STP is shown in Figure 2-2.The STP site. area is level,and its elevation is between 15.9m and 16.2 meters above sea level. 5.1.2 Climate and Meteorology Anshan is in the Temperate Zone, and its climate is semimoist.The annual average of temperature is 8.7 C,with the highest temperature of 38.4 °C and the lowest of -30.4C.The annual average precipitation is 719mm, with the max.precipitation of 994.5mm and the min.of 479mm. The annual average of evaporation is 1749 mm.The annual average of relative humidity is 63%.The prevailing wind is southern wind in summer, and northern in winter.The annual verage of wind speed 3.7m/s,with the max.wind speed of 58/ b cx.uue 5.1.3 Surface Water Net , Taizi River is one of main rivers in Liaoning province.It begins from the mountains in the east part of Liaoning province, runs through Xinbin County,Benxi City,Liaoyang City and Anshan City,and joins Hun River and Daliao River at Sanchahekou.Finally, Daliao River comes into Bohai Sea.The total length of Taizi River is 413 km.The Anshan surface water net consists of Taizi recvcled paper 46 dXs and enirn.nnwnt A, 4MA'aW' River Anshan section and 3 branches (Yangliu River,Yunliang River and Nansha River).The Taizi River Anshan section is the river section from Xiakouzi in Liaoyang County (where the Nansha River joins Taizi River) to Xiaojiemiao in Haicheng City, nearly 37.5 km long. Nansha River rises in Qianshan Mountains, ilows through the east and north parts of Anshan, and joins Taizi River at Xiakouzi.This river is 67km long.Its drainage area is 272 kgm The average flowrate measured in 1988 is 0.617m/s.Yangliu Rive Rises in Pianling Mountains in Tangjiafang Township, flow through the north part of Anshan, and joins Taizi, and its drainage area is 225 km.The mouthly average flowrate in the dry season is 0.72mJ's,and the annual average flowrate 4.13 rn/s. Yunliang River rises in the East Mount in "219 Park", passes by the 3 discharge streams (Nanbugou, Zhongbugou and Xibugou),and joins Taizi River at Dataizi.It is 30 km long ,and its drainage area is 86km2.This river accepts the industrial and living sewage.Floods in the rainy season occured in its upstream, but there is a small quantity of water in other seasons.The annual average sewage discharge in 1988 is 2.127 me3s. 5.1.4 Hydrology and Geology (1) Geology and Geomohpyology Anshan City is located in the east side of XiaLiao River Fracture Valley of middle Cainozoic.The fracture valley constructed by Yan Mountains Movement is mainly recvcled paper 47 rumlon and rnwinnmeni in Northwest.The Quaternary Stratification in this area has developed a lot, it is very thick and stable.This stratification is formed by matters accumulated for long time which brought by Taizi River,Nansha River and. Yangliu Rive.The thickness of the accumulation is 60- 110 meters with the max.thickness of 160 meters.The accumulation becomes thicken and thicker form the front of mamtains to the northwest.The accretion formed by the 3 rivers and dislocated without clear boundaries. (2) Underground Water The conditions of runoff(addition and discharge )of underground water: From the dynamic an s of the regulations of under water in the slope flatland in front of the mountains , it is found that changes of the water ground level is closely related of with the weather. The water ground level in Yangliu River alluvial fan changes with the change of the precipitation.The change of the water levels of the 3 long-term inspection wells are basically according to the change of the precipitation. This shows that the precipitation is the main addition source to the undergound water in this area.Beside the precipitation, the slope flatlands accept the addition of the surface water from Yangliu River, Nansha River and Yunliang Rivers and the underground runoff. Now this area is normally irrigated by the water from Yunliang River and Nansha River.The seeping irrigation recvded Daper 48 erebgs and riniannmen water is also added to the underground water in the Quaternary shallow stratification. The & 'nage of undergound water is mainly caused by the industry and agriculture exploitation,and also b evaporation and the plant transpiration. 5.1.5 Soil The soil in Songsan irrigation area is classified as one soil group, two soil subgroups and three soil genera. The rice soil in this area has been developed and formed from the grassy marshland soil on the Liang River alluvial flatland and alluvial mother mate ials where rice grows and basin irrigation is made for many years.This is a special type of soil, and it is the result of 1;he combination of natural factors and human activities.since the basin irrigation is made to grow rice, there is little oxygen in the ploughed layer of the soil.Under this condition, the Fe.3 is reduced into Fe+2.The soil color becomes grey.It appears as mud.It is very hard when it is dry, and is muddy when it is wet.The soil contains rich organmisms.After the irrigation water is discharged out of the fields in autumn,the soil is aired, the Fe-2 and Mn compound are oxidized to form Fe+3 and Mn compounds which are setlled.They are changed into Fe-Mn rusty spots and nodules.Because of many years of ploughing under water, the ploughed layer became the flooded growing layer.Under the pressure of ploughing and harrowing recvcled paper 49 enmlafs and enbinninw-i.s activities and the accumulation of sticky grains ,the sticky layer with certain thickness with poor permeability.(This layer is also called the under water plough layer.) Especially, this area is flat and low-lying, and the under ground water level is high(normal depths 1-1.5m). The bottom soil is coverei with water for a long time and is under the anaerobic condition.The Fe+3 compound is reduced into Fe+2 compound .The soil appears in blue-grey color.The soil structure is spread and changed into gley layer.Now together witk the development Songsan irrigation area its vertical section is obviously with the character of rice soil. 5.2 - tri>s There are no more animals and plants but rice and a few scattered trees there in Songsan irrigation area.Due to the pollutiol4s of water, no fish and shrimp can be found in Yunliang River.The project is loc%ted in the industrial area where there are no resti.ng historic places and beauty scenic spots. 5.3 Socioeconomic Environment 5.3.1 Utilization of Fields around the STP Songsantaizi Chaoxian Autonomous Town where this assessment related to mainly grows rice.This town lies- in the northwest of Jioubao District.The is to the west of AISC and Tiexi District of Anshan City,to the southeast of Liaoyang County, and to the north of Ningyutunt Town and Taiyangqi Town.The total area in recycled iaper 50 en,Iols and enmi.ment Songsantaizi is 80287 mm of which 58997.6 mm is the cultivated land(73.46% of the total area.) 5.3.2 Local. Population Z There are 9502 families in Songsantaizi with 38771. people all together (18748 men and 20023 women).There are 7537 rural families with 3;933 people. ' In Songsantaizi there are 5 nationalities, Han nationality ( with 33101 people), Chaoxian nationality (with 3342 people),Man nationality (with 2144 people), iii nationality (with 163 people), and Mongol nationality (with 21 people).The above mentioned information is got from the Third Census. 5.3.3 Agriculture Economy There are many kinds of crops in Songsantaizi Town, including rice, wheat, kaoliang, corn millet, sweet potato,potato, soybean, bean, sesame, peanut,blue hemp, rope hemp, chinese medicine plants,vegetables,melons and lucerme.The sown area of grains and oil crops is 46312 mu.The average production is 399 kg/mu (total production is 18,475 tons).The annual agriculture product value in 1985 is 22680 Xle RMB yuan. 5.3.4 Industrial Economy The enterprises in Songsantaizi township include the machine manfacturing, metal processing,building material, food processing,knitting,paper making,and clothing'.The annual industrial production value in Songsantai village is 7.5 million RHB yuan.that of Lisantai Village is 2.8 million Wusantai Village is 6 recycled Daper 51 .reluc% and .nwinenment rOS million. a;P A 5.3.5 Communication and Traffic The STP located at the east side of the intersect of the An-Liu.highway and the highway to Liaoyang.By going up the Anliu highway for 1.7km, Xi Jiefang Road is reached.Therefore, the traffic is very convenient. 6. Present situation about quality of surface water underground water,atmosphere,soil crops and healthy of population. 6.1 Surface Water Three rivers(i.e. Nansha,Yuri Liang and Yangliu river) empty into Anshan section of Taizi river, Yunliang river of them has maximum of ta ution.There v-fkiu-p totally are 18 enterprises day dis ge volume of waste water of 420800 m?which converge into Yun Liang river through western channel(xibugou) Hadagiao fork, Tiexi Damiao channel middle channel as well southern channel(Nanbugou).There are 34 enterprises with discharge volume of 17300mi/d.waste water,which discharge into Nansha river through Beida channel, Lishan channel.shuiyuanje channel,shendai channel,Yilianshan channel Qishuan Tailiangt channel.There are 10 enterprises who have daily discharge volume of 152800m3 which discharge into Yangliu. river through Sifangtai Channel,Fangshen chennel etc.The main pollutants in the rivers of the city area are prtroleum (s).CODcr,BOD5,SS benzene and recvcled Daper 52 rnoo' and enirenwnl volatile phenol etc.These waste water contain a large amount of harmful substances, concentration of which exceeds the standard of V class surface water to varying degrees. Along the Yunliang river there are 78 enterprise pollution sources, of which there are 14 main pollution sources such as metaqllurgical plants, NO.1 chemical plant.Their pollution load ratio account for 73.3% of total pollution load.While heaviest pollution source from waterproof channel is Xibugou channel, pollutio-. load ratio of which is 78.88X and main pollutant is petroleum(s) and pollution load ratio is 47.82%. The heavy metal pollution of the Rivers of the Anshan city is very serious.The waste water receives by yunliang river per day contain 0.0008t of Hg,0.0007t of Cd,0.02t of Crg 0.028t of lead,0.24t of Zn, 0.005t of Cu, and ranked in first place of the three'rivers,while the yangliu river is ranked in second place, and Nansha river in third place.Because these rivers are merged into Anshan section of Taizi river, the heavy metal pollution of river water of Taizi river after passing through Anshan section becomes heavier. The substratum of the river is an important integral part of the water environment.The substratum is related closely with water quality,i.e. settlement of pollutants to the bed can improve the water quality on one hand and redissolution may deteriorate the quality of the water on the other hand and the washing of river recvcledspaper 53 r..t., and en-in.nment bed by the raining water in rain season can aggravate the pollution of river water in short term.The composition of substrata at the outlet of Western channel and section of Hadagiao bridge across the yunliang river is shown in table 6-1. The substratum of the Yunliang river b-ve the following characteristics. 1.Contents of heavy metals such as Hg Cd,As Cr,Pb and S,F etc. become higher and higher along the river course. 2.Because the waste water discharged from metallurgical enterprises contains large amount of metallurgical dust, the Fe content in substratum bed at the section of outlet of Xibugou is as high as 41.32%. The waste water merged in the western channel contains large amount of suspended matter, a black precipitate is formed during transportation, so the channel bed is cleaning out once a year and its sendiment is deposited at the side of the river. 6.2 Underground Water The chemical type of the underground water in the assessed area is closely related with water quality.The chemical type of underground water at the major section of area is HC03-Ca type and partial section is S04-Ca type and individual point is Cl-Ca type. All wells with depth < lOm in this area have been polluted.The annual average of percentage of the wells which exceeded standard value specified is >5O%,among recvcled Paper k and rnin,ni 54 them the total hardness(100%), mineralization (67.78%),SO, (64.5%). Water with poor quality in this stratum can not used as drinking water.The pressure wells with depth of 10-40m have been polluted in some extent and main factor exceeding the standard value is fluorine(32.69X).The water with poor quality in this stratum will not used as drinking water also.The mechanic wells with depth >9Om are not polluted.This water with good quality can be used as drinking water source. The factors, which exceeding standard value, of the underground water in the area are total hardness(63.4%), SO*(36.06%), mineralization(35X), fluorides(33.87%), CL- (24.13%),N03 -N(20.97%),volatile phenol(3.85%),coliform.bacteria(70%) and total bacteria (55X). 54k.- v4rJ- 4byt;fi 4h..v_ 4 -74S Main reasons of pollution of underground water o 4 . (1) Exceeding of standard values about total hardness SW mineralization and CL may be caused by the position of assessed area on the front fo alluvial fan of the Taizi river and small inclination of landform, fine particles of stratuem large specific area,slow flowing of underground water which are related with enriching of ions of Cr+} Mg,SCV and C1 .This reflect the back ground value of underground water and are not contaminated by the industrial waste water. (2) The points ,where the fluozides exceed the standard values, are distributed adjacent to the both banks of recvcled paper 55 re...og% and nvinr.nmtrn the Tunliang rLves, and related -closely with surface water, it is suggest that this may be results of combination of infitration of Yunliang river and irrigation witlh Yunliang river water.The volatile phenol is similar to that described. (3) NOj- N, exceeding the standard value, is related with sewage discharged from the towns and utilization of chemical fertilizer. (4 c The bacteria and coliform group, exceeding lhe standard values, result from poor sanitary protection and well water polluted with sanitary sewage. (5) The water level of the river water of the majority of river sections for Yunliang river is higher than underground water level.Under this condition, the river water makes up to the underground water.From this it can be known that the main route for polluting of the underground water is percolation of river bed and percolation of irrgation of paddy field. 6.3 Atmosphere 6.3.1 Quality of atmosphere environment from the data obtained from monitoring of Xiao yinpen and Songsantui where the waste water treatment plant will be located, ,+ can OseekIthe conditions of T.S.P,SO_and NOx in the atmosphere of the plant site area, which are shown in table 6-2. From the table 6-2, it can be seen that the nearby area of STP has been polluted to some extent by the pollutants discharged from the metallurgical industy recycled PaDer 5 6 .i..sInin and eninrnnwn. Tdstle 6-1 suibstrata of western channel and YVunulang river unit :ppm 123~;ii' Ir Iri t i;ti I oruatiit I I I III IIIvolat Ile la. irmtter 11g ICd AsICrlC,I Pb Zfi IFe lMn S IF Icn I I WP'r.,rof,!IC? sectoe I ('0) I I I I I .IIIIIphenol I -j.ilt let I(Ddrv I 8.06 O . Iii 2.2UG 9 '.69 I3.51 27.0 1 160.0 I300.0 I407200.0 1 690.0 1I 18000 1 300.0 I 0.335 I 0.206 Iwestern I (2abiiri-kant I 8.36 1 0.81 I 1.25 10.60 121.61 30.0 I 110.0 I550.0 I 419200.0 14'20.0 I 1300.0 I 800.0 III Iclirignel I (ivcerage I 0.21 1 0.46 I 2.01 I 5. 15 I 12.6 1 29.0 1 135.0 4 '25.0 I 413200.0 1 585.0 1 1550.0 1 190.0 III I I~~~(D1rl' 3.70 0 Io.I12.39 18.5'3I 10.0I31.0I1 140.0 1300.0 I 406200. 0I50. 0 I2300.0 330.0 I0.407IO0.1 1g I ~~~I (N)Imirinant I7.012 11.112.83 I 5.40 I148.2 I 420.0 I 130.0 I 1230.01 417200.0 1490.0 1 4000.0 I 8.0 II I ~~I (QYmerage 1 5.36 I 0.61 I 2.61 1 7.00 I 29.1 1 36.0 1 135.0 I 765.0 I4'11700.0 I535. 0 I3150.0 I205.0III Table 6-2 Concentrat ion of T.S.P. 8O2aNDa measured In winter arnd sunmmer (Conc-entration unitm'rg/1I) Imcmoitr ing I Monitoring I Primary Valuie I day' aver'age valueI - i temis IIII I twn,.tc,red I points I variation I Percentage or Percentuge of I ~I l exceeding of quota I varziation l exceeding ot quotalI I I- riI I r I I w~~~~ winter Isunmmer I winter I suImmer I winter Isummver I winter I surmmerI IXiaco'Anapan I0.06--1I.8 0.02-O..47 110.0 I 0 I0.20--0.93 I0.8--o. 19 I 85.7 I 0 I TI -P I- I g* ISongswntal 0O.0'3-..2.97 I0.04--.I. 10 113.6 I 2.3 I0.26,.1.43 I0.23-,O.51 I 8.1e TI 14 I IXlaoy'inapan I *.40--40.08 I0 1 0 I0.05-"-0.24 I0.01,0-.03 14.8 I0 1 I I ~~~sornosontalI Ia-51,0.39 I -0. 11 I0 I 0 I0.08-,0.21 I0.01--a0402 28.6 Is 0 I IX~~~iac,-InaPan I 4--0.19 IP *- 0.-08 12 I 0 0o.0o-0.06I10.02.-.0.0.4 0 I 0 ISoaisanta I I IP,-0.22 I 0.01--0.l.0I 4i II0.02-0-O13 0.02-0.0.5I 142.3 0 N4ote-To be Jtid:aed oni stanidard or class 11 "Stardard on aJr envirornmental quality etc. of Anshan city.The main pollutants in the atmosphere are T.S.P,S02 and NOx from which T.S.P is serious especially in winter. 6.3.2 Pollution of waste water vapor at Western channel In case of serious pollution of water body of western channel and Yunliang river, peculiar smell emitted by evaporation and stirring of water body surface pollutes the atmosphere.In order to know the relation between the composites of this smell and smell threshold value of the common odorant, the monitoring has been done respectively (l)at 2 m above water surface of the automatic monitoring station bridge,(21Western channel bridge with 2m above water surface of the station and (3) at the southern side near the water quality moni o ng station 5m from the bank of the southern west channel side.The monitoring results are shown in table 6-3. From the table it can be seen that the peculiar smell emitted from water body of western channel contain some pollution substances such as volatile phf-nol, ammonia, naphthalene, aniline, hydrogen sulfide etc,but their concentration is low.and can not f he ciPnvg odor sense. .Vde-7 6.4 Soil and crops j Od~ 6.4.1 Soil The paddy field in the assessed area is formed by a meadow soil of alluvial plain of Liaohe river of developed from planting rice for a long time on the recvcled Daper 5 8 eush,g% and eninenment Table 7-1 Prediction of waste vater discharging amount and pollutant discharzing awmnt of Yun Liang river and river system in 1990-2000 Hame Source waste water amount i of ten thousand Votible A naste e3/a Ss COD 60t Petroleue Phenol t6Zn; e wat_ P 1990 1995 2000 I99 199S 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 1990 1995 2000 Sanitary 3642 4635 5336 10127.5 13222 15538 5226.3 6823 8018 3041 3970 4666 sevage (9.98) (12.70) (14.62) Hlang ver Process 10596 11178 10970 36374 38080 37212 25688 26872 26280 6471 6774 6620 2985 2985 2917 33.69 32.58 31.84 7.33 7.67 7.5 86.53 91.0 88.9 sewage (32.10) (33.87) (33.24) Total 14238 15813 16306 48501.5 .51302 52750 30894.3 33695 34278 9512 10744 11288 2985 2985 2917 33.69 32.58 31.84 7.33 7.67 ?.5 86.53 91.0 8.9 (42.08) (46.57) (47.86) Sanitary 6673 8712 10274 19489.9 25506 2990 13592.6 17710 20811 6105 7970 9366 sevae (18.28) (23.87) (28.15) item or Process 18613.9 19636 19270 57089 59717 58356 31317 32788 32040 7697 8059 7875 3431 3360 3284 3556 34.33 33.55 14.84 15.53 15.18 191.47 200.86 196.25 s-han city sewage Total 25286.9 28348 29544 76578.9 55223 88257 44909.5 50496 5285 13802 16029 17241 3431 3360 3281 3558 34.33 33.55 14.U4 15.53 15.18 191.47 200.86 196.25 (74.68) (83.37) (86.54) rcentage Sanitawy 54.6 53.2 51.9 52.0 51.8 52.0 38.4 Ui q 38.5 49.8 49.8 49.8 VYunliam sewage I_ ver countirg Process 56.9 56.9 56.9 .63.7 63.8 63.8 82.0 82 0 82.0 84.1 84.1 84.1 87.0 88.8 88.8 94.7 94.9 91.9 49.4 49.4 49.4 45.2 45.3 45.3 water sevage Ahan ity Total 56.3 55.8 55.2 60.7 80.2 59.8 68.8 66.7 64.9 68.9 67.0 65.5 87.0 88.8 88.8 94.7 94.9 94.9 49.4 49.4 49.4 45.2 45.3 45.3 qiarisin Sanitary 1 1.27 1.48 1 1.31 1.53 1 1.30 1.53 1 1.31 1.53 data 'f sewaae 'Iiwkil ._ _ _ __________ _________ ar wIti Proess 1 1.06 1.04 1 1.05 1.02 1. 1.05 1.02 1 1.05 1.02 1 0.98 0.96 1 0.97 0.94 1 1.05 1.00 1 1.05 1.02 i for2 sevage _ _ _ _ _ _- ver Tolal I 1.11 1.14 I 1.10 1.13 1 1.12 1.18 1 1.16 1.25 1 0.98 0.96 1 0.97 0.94 I 1.05 1.00 1 1.05 1.02 Note: Numerical unit in blank for waste water amunt' ten thousa O7/d, _ j.4 4 / f , d d ,4q Unit of pollutants disclaring amount; t/tae i4(al r I ou o~~~~ ,~ iSJ-)tAMA4i i3 L,A outlet through Hadaqiao and Dataizi. Along the route of about 30 km, the various pollutant substances are decreased in various degrees with passage of time because of action of physical, chemical and biological. factor such as dilution, diffusion, settlement, oxidation, biochemical action and absorption along the bank. In the EIA of expansion project of Anshan Iron and Steel Company (AISC) the systematic study on self- purifying capacity about volatile phenol and cyanides in the 10 hours of degradation at section from Hadaqiao bridge to Dataizi of the Yunliang river has been done. The assessment pointed out that the concentration of pollutants for the river on its self-purifying action will be decreased automatically with. passage of time (or distance), it can be expressed by reduction percentage without regarding the type of mechanism of pollutant degradation. The removing ratio of five pollutants in the Yunliang river is shown in the table 7-2. _~~~~~ recycled paper66 .d.ir.m... 6 6 vnheOandAwnt .....* Table 'i-2 Removing ratio (X) of five pollutants in the Yunliang river with self-purification ------------------------------------------------------- Section Hadaqiao Dataizi Pollutants Ss 10 Volatile phenol 26. Cyanide 30 Oil 10 CODcr 15 ------------------------------------------------------- *The forecasted values and monitoring values of the unliang river have been compared, and the results are shown in Fig.7-1. From Fig.7-1 you can see that there exists a certain difference between the monitoring values and forecasted values, but the dispersion is limited. Therefore, the monitoring data obtained for in 1990 is still being used as bases for forecasting in. the present assessment. 7.1.3 Assessment on impact of waste water on Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi river after putting into operation of the STP In order to ensure the performance of the treatment plant and so the water quality treated, it is important to keep a stable amount of wastewater flow feeding into the plant. The proposed project assumed that the excessive water during rainy time and peak flow period will be filtrated first and then leading-to the weste rcce D k da &U7 r channel through by-pass without further treatment. In order to express the existing practical situations of the Yunliang river, the Anshan section of Taizi river and the various pollution resources and to simulate and forecast the effect and improvement to the two rivers of the STP project under normal conditions (i.e. 87.5% treated water reused, 12.5% returned to western channel), based on the serial data in normal flow period provided 'in the "Harnessing Plar." and checked with the parameters provided in the "Investigation and Assessment of Pollution Sources of the Western Water System Project't and the removing ratio of the five main pollutants of Yunliang river, the following results at Dataizi profile at the outlet of Yunliang river and Xiaohekou profile of Anshan section of Taizi river are calculated and tabulated in table 7-3, and assessed. From the table it can be seen, the reduction rate of the flow and various pollutants (except for CODcr) before and after operation of STP at the Dataizi section are over 41%, from which SS is reduced by 89.66%; while the flow before and after operation of the STP at the Xiaohekou outlet section is reduced by 2.46% only, but effects of reducing of five pollutants are notable. The effect of waste water of Western channel before and after the operation of STP on the Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi river are shown in fig.7-1 and 7-2. In order to understand the change of the five pollutants before and after recycle Pa6er 68 wlg ninnrw -1-~~hEU.ug %2 O4bJ - l aded DaID3Aa t a° V FA g iinl n _ 3F=.. _. ._ ._. ... " a " _. " _ __ _ _ __ I _ B _ _~............... . .__ . ._. . _ 1 -~~~~~~~~ Iii ~ ~ ~ PPtI a~~ ~ - E*--;~ i g --- a~ la I - IE.Pqs A-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... .j.......F ) a L muff~~~~~~~~~e 4IL 3 U - --- ----- .3-~~~~~~~~~~ . . . .. i. . J J SI . s 3' \ S 1 1 ._3- ;j >/ QsSaitt C aia5 -1---------- ---- ------ k {H ts z~-- - ----- - --- --- V 1 .- ...... ... . . ..... recvc[ed oaper4re-j - n recycled DaPer 0 ewulng% and ensir.nmnuns Table 7-3 Influence or vast, water treatment Plant before and after oweation an Ywunlian river and Anshan section or Taizi river 1~W of I f low variation (M..~; SsI volati le phenol I CH- Ioil C aDc- n 7-r* t T T VoIile I before I af ter I re&ic-I before i after- I rei6.c- I before I after I redxc- I before i after i redxction I before I af ter i redaction I before I af ter I reducticm I I I !~~~~tion(2) I I I tion(t) I tion (t)I I I I (2 I I I (ZI I i itaA rriia i17533.0 1 10266I t.8- -- t--* II I1 I I I 41.44 I 34455.06 1 3561.5 I1 59.6 IG 2.9O 0.81 I72.90 1 15.68 I 8.99 I 42.59 1 2405.20 I 1001.9 I 58.34 I 16316.7 1 14862.10 1 8.91 I *,f Yunllangriver 1(42.08)I(24.64)I Xiaoaiekou profile I 2 MS .0 I28773.81 I uf Anshan section I I I 2.48 1 136962.6 1 106068.14 I 2.2.58 118.09I115.91 I 12.05 1 23.26 1 16.59 I 28.68 1509. 10 13635.89 1 27.85 I 29718.30 I 2826. 70 1 4.90 or Tulzi rlvw i(708.00)l(690.56)l Motei unit of disclauning animt of pollutants: t/a unlt of data in blank' Ten thosand .3Yd. tfable 7-4 Equvalent pol lutant loed and its variation of vaste water treatment plant before and after opertion I ~~ ~~Ss V olatile phenl I cm- I Oil IEcr I TotalIequialunt I Km of F- - - -iIrr11I I I I A 1.1 I ~~AA I I I A III A III A I Pollutant loadlI profile I before I after I-----I beforelI after -----Ibefoer of ater I-r- H before I after I-r- -- -i before of ater- 1-i i I I I I~~~~beforelIafter I I Ibe- Iafter I I IbeforeI af ter I I beforeI after I I Ibefore Ilafter Ibefore I of tw I I I I I I I If~~~~~~ ~~orel L.sta IziII 1 1 I I II I I I III I III III wrofillg 169.18 I71.23 117.90 4.14 I29.90 I8.10 10.781 0.47 I 78.30 1 44.95 I 2.03 I 2.61 1 2405.20 I 1001.90 I 62.39 1 58.23 1 652.67 I 5944.48 I 16.10 I 34.55 138M. 19 I 1720.55 I or I I I I I I I .1 I I I I I I I I I I I I Yuniliafu I I I III I I i,rof I I orf 2739.25 1 2121.36 1 29.57 1 29.75 1 180.909I159.101I1.951 2.23 1 116.301182.95 I 1.26 I 1.66 1 5039.19 1 3635.89 1 54.39 151.00I 1118.73 11130.55 1 12.83 1 15.86 192O4.37 17123.85 I NoHte: Equipeet dlsdcaalrs amunt willI be calculated on class V In the (&valronmntal quallt, stardard of strface water>> 'A'. In table vill aommt for sAre (2) of total equivalent palillutant load, SS icmntrution limiting value Is 50 wf(requirement on indsatrial circulation water).' operation of STP under equal-coriditions the statistic results is given in the table 7-4. From the table you can see that the total equivalent pollution loads at the section of Dataizi and Xiaohekou outlet before and after operation of STP are reduced by 55.37% and 23.04% respectively. In summary, from abovementioned description, the STP project would alleviate the existing polluted situation and improve the water qualities to some extent of western channel, Yunliang river and the Anshan section of Taizi river, play an important role to achieve the objective outlined in the Harnessing Plan, and contribute to environmental benefit remarkably. 7.1.4 Water quality situation of discharged water from STP and existing problems. In order to clarify the water quality discharged into Western channel from waste water treatment plant after coagulation and settlement and water quality at Dataizi section where Yunliang river empties into Taizi river the comparison with class II standard of the <> and V class standard in the <> is made and the differences obtained are shown in table 7-5. recycled paper - lp and eminsunwnt Table 7-5 Comparison of the predicted water quality discharged from STP and river water at Dataizi section with various standards conc Pollutants U~v ent,-t,o /7 < 1 nSS olatile cyanide Petroleums CODcr LA? Location of sections phenol mu and standard name Water discharged 48.0 0.1 0.2 1.4 frbi STP River water of. 39.6 0.009 0.1 11.14 165.25 kataizi section II class standard 100 0.5 0.5 8.0 100.0 fo discharging of aste water in Lis ning province V c ass standard None 0.1 0.2 1.0 25.0 on urface water I c ass standard None 3.0 1.0 10.0 None for irrigation of gr cultural field 7 g The data shown in the table notes that the water discharged to Western channel from STP can meet the t \ requirements on water quality of class II standard of river water for Liaoning province (new, modernization, f / g expansion projects} and class I standard of agricultural irrigation. However oil and CODcr exceed V class standards on surface water with over standard multiples of 0.4 and 2.12 respectively. Water quality of Yunliang river at section of Dataizi except volatile phenol and cyanide, the oil and CODcr will exceed the limiting value of concentration of class V standard, recvcled Daper 71 ewlogi and rnvinmmenu with over standard multiples of 10.4 and 5.61 times respectively. Main reasons on oil and CODcr content of the water at Dataizi profile exceeding the standard are: the pollution of the Yunliang river is a comprehensive pollution with several pollution sources. The STP will treat only a part of it i.e. the centralized, pollution sources of the fountainhead of Western channel, while remaining sources such as No.1 chemical plant, industrial waste water and sanitary sewage, collected hf4ot by Middl and ( rn ch which should also ted respectively, therefore the STPb'IO project can not solve the pollution problem of Yunliang river completely. The principle of combination about centralized comprehensive treatment and control of pollution sources as shown -in "Harnessing plan" wil-l be used to achieve optimal alternatives on project construction. 7.2 The effect of solid wastes on environment 7.2.1 Kinds and quantity of the solid wastes produced from STP The solid wastes produced from STP are mud separated from waste water treatment process and slag from combustion process of hot water boiler and steam boiler. The quantity of solid wastes occurred during treating of waste water of 220,000 m'/d are as follows: Mud 144000 t/a. oi r slag: 431.2 t/a recvcled-paper 72 7 | Total amount of solid wastes: 144430 t/a The above mud and cinder will be disposed at slag yard with miLed transporting method. 7.2.2 Sla and its present situation for receiving of solw t ' jl4 Ad 7 The solid wastes produced from waste water treatment plant will finally reach at 144,430 t/a, require a permanent yard with sufficient capacity. It is now decided that the slag will be transported to slag yard, which is located within boarder of Liaoyang county, about 4 km far from the county proper and 12 km from Anshan. It is located in the west of Qita mountain and boarded on the Qita ore beneficiation plant in the South and adjacent to Henju village in west and Xiaoyansi village in the North, so there transport is convenient. Total volume of the yard is 13000000 i . Now, the yard is a slag yard designated for second phase of expansion of the captive power plant of Anshan Iron and Steel Company. Because the yard was a temporarily tailings storage and place for disposal of industrial wastes from Anshan Iron and Steel Company as well as a place where the Liaoyang Petrochemical Company had disposed a certain quantity of the wastes, so soluble salts and other harmful components to the environment might be leached into the surface water in varying form and quantity. There are two catchment ponds with total area of 4000 m2 at the slag yard, where the water is collected for all recycled paper 7ulasi and rminmnnwnt 73 year. There is one Bingma River in the Western side of the yard, through which the waste water from magnetic concentration and floatation concentration process and other waste water from the Qidashan beneficiation plant are emptied into Taizi river. Furthermore there is a draining irrigation channel between Heniu village and Yangjalin, through which the water drained from tailings storage for Qidashan beneficiation plant will be emptied into Bingma River at the Yangjialin village. In the south-west of slag yard, there is a discharge outlet for existing tailings storage, which is in nature of seasonal draining channel and empties into Bingma rivar. According to monitoring data of the surface water body, it is known that the water quality of the ash storage yard, draining channel and Bingma river have been. polluted to some extent. The main items, exceeding standard values are oil, ammonia, nitrogen and fluorine. At same time water has been contaminated to some extent by the heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, As etc. exists in the water body. 7.2.3 Charac ristics o M from waste water treatment plant Fo d separated from waste water treatment plant during treatment process of waste water, its chemical compositions depends closely on pollutants in the waste water. In addition, it contains the chemicals used for treating the water. So main composites of he mud is similar to those of bed of western chaniel. From analysis of substances of Western channel bed it is recvcled paper 1 l dA nhiunmnt known that there are variable polluting substances such as Hg, Cd, As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe etc. in the bed substance referred to the table 6-1. 7.2.4 Analysis of effect of solid wastes on environment (1) Effect during transportation The transporting route from the waste water treatment plant to the slag storage yard located at Heniu village is about 15 km long. If the trucks running with middle speed, one travel to and fro (including charging and discharging of muds and all operation process of transportation) needs about 1 hour. The mud amount produced from waste water treatment plant per year is about 150000 t, which can be transported by 15000 times with 10 t hopper trucks, i.e. 41 times perx d B2L_ times of travel to and fro. The small amount of mud leakage pollution during transportation process, raised dust pollution by convolution action of the truck tr g. ited evaporating odor pollution during ra ains of the muds as well as noise pollution during transportation may be occurred. The impact of abovementioned discontinuous pollutions on. the environment can be minimized, and no significant, \~nvorjm t impact will occur if the sealed transportation appropriate arrangement of transporting time and proper selection of transportation route are adopted. (2) Effect on Henazhuan slag storage yard. There is a large amount of tailing powder in the recvcled Daper g *log mNdI irnw.ttI.n 75 Heniuzhuan slag storage yard, where are disposed about 300,000 oJ of industrial solid wastes and there will be disposed continuously with increasing rate of about 170,000 m3 per year. The Liaoyang Petrochemical company has also disposed a certain quantity of wastes in the storage yard. Because of water catchment in the slag storage yard for all the year round, the solid wastes are invaded, therefore existing solid wastes and water in the ash storage yard cause a certain impact to the environment. In order to grasp the present situations of pollution of the water body, underground water, soil and agriculture and industry by existing solid wastes and the coming pollutant substances, from the coal which is used for expansion project of the second phase of the CPP for Anshan steel as well as the disposal of muds from first waste water treatment plant, all corresponding data obtained from investigation is shown in table 7-6. From above table, it can be seen that the slag from Anshan Iron and Steel Company, cinders from Liaoyang Petrochemical company, Qidashan tailings mountain soil and agricultural soil contain pollutants such as As, Hg, F etcb, but no Hg pollution is found from examination of water solution, including yard water, running off water and underground water. Generally, the toxicity of organic mercury compound exceeds that of inorganic mercury, but inorganic recvcled paper rtloga and rn-ir.hnwnu 76 Table 7-6 Investigation and analysis or existing mud Proposed receiving solid wastes for ileniuzhuan ash storase yard Ltes at ISias from. IVastes from I Tal I iai iShanxi* iShanxi* tlountain i Alcultuara I iVater P~tr IaeVater ISubstrate I I ays IsIAnshan Iron andStee I Cowan I Liaoyars I storms of Icoml I coal Isoil Isoil I within wvithin Ifrom I from lof wetern I I ~~~~~~~~~~IPetroche.ical 10itashan Ilash I .I I thie site I the site Icdeep I shallow I chann II I ~~~~~~ ~ ~~I plant lbeniefication I IIII(reservoir I (run off) Istrata Istrats II I I ~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I Plant I I vater)lI lOhdianicalI (Civl III I I I I I I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I vlIs of I vils I I I I I I 1 I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IHPenltazuan) ior I I I I I I I I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I I I IYangJia I I I I I I I I I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ivillage) I I- I I 12 13 14 I 6 1718 I19 I1101 I 12 I 13 I 14 115 1 16 I I Cu 162.81 52.5 151.0 144.7 I 918.0 I3.1 I82.5 I39.7 I9.0 I23.6 I 20.3 I0.034 No Hfoma I Nio fond I No foaiud 29.0 I I PbA 59.0 I 46.5 1 56.0 144.0 I 22.5 I 9.5 1 6.3 I 20.5 I C0 I 20.0 I 21.5 No Hfound I No found I go fowi INo found 135.0 I I Zn IM3.0 I70.0 1215.0 1170.0 I 1090.0 I 9.8 1 95.0 I 70.0 I 34.0 I 22.0 1 35.0 1 0.160 I 0.022 I 0.024 I0.039 I550.0 I I Cd 12.1 I2.1 12.3 12.5 I 2.2 I0.5 0.5 I 1.5 NIo faemdI 1.7 1 1.3 I 0.002 1 Ho fotnd I Nfofouand I No foudl 2.01 1 I Cr 187.01117.01 278.0 255.0 I 513.0 12.0 I23.8 148.0 I2.5 I28.0 I 31.0 No ofourd I No fosm I Hofwird INo foUtIdI1 12.6 I I lb' 1130001916b61IS= 115001 610 168.51188 12295 I390 I 40 I 915. 0.112 I 0.02 I 0.078 10.0841 585.0 I A s 14.fl4.2 1.2 7.0l 2.0 1 1.6 1 1.2 1.43.6 I 4.2 I 4.0 I 6.8 I 0.015 I 0.008 0.016 I 0.011 I 5.15 I F I-I~~O-I-i---- - i-i-----i i i i I i I- 1 Ii 0.21 (0.151 0.38 I0. 15 I 0.45 I0.21 I 0.24 I 0.53 I 0.20 I 0.12 I 0.47 No ofomd No Hfowi No foswdI NHofouridi 0.46 I I P I251.6 I538.0 1419.0 12765.91 112.4 I77.8 I56.8 I 80.2 I28.8 I458.6 I 363.8 I 1.67 I 0.79 I 0.77 0.75 I190.0 I I S-- 1070I.1070 11140 11550 1 7390 160128012430 I8160 I 10 I 10 0.015 10.015 I 0.020 10.025 11550.0 I E. ota.: Unit for solid samples Ho. 1-1Il. 16 In the table Is wg unit for- water sample Is us/I. a C: Is.a tipped soliId waste sawle compound is not easy to solved into the water and settled -into the substrate settlement. From investigation results you can see that the majority of compound, containing the Hg in the solid wastes disposed till now, is mainly inorganic mercury compound. Because it is difficult to be solved into the water in case of meta-basic water qualit3, so storage yard is almost not yet polluted bv -he He. The Hg pollution in the draining channel and Bingma river in western side of the storage i and is not c ecked . According tlo the abovementioned C ana islI, Hg, contained in the substrate of the western channel is i-organic mercury and is also difficult to be solved into the water under conditions of water quality of the yard. Therefore, muds disposed on the ash storage yard by No.1 waste water treatment plant has a limited effect on the catchment of the yard. If. selecting of the favorable positions to make no- steeping as far as possible, it's impact will be negligible. The mud separated by waste water treatment plant is in nature of industrial mud as for characteristics and contains a little humus, so its odor emitted has the essential difference from the odor emitted from -waste water of the city. It has been descripted in detail in the paragraph "Impact of odor frcm waste water treatment plant on environment" of this assessment, therefore, mud after entering into storage yard will recycled paper 7 8 ErEjia and rninnment not effect much on atmosphere environmental around the Heniuzhuan village in its west. 7.3 Influence of air pollutants from waste water treatment plant on environment. 7.3.1 Forecast of effect of boiler fume on environment The boiler room of the waste water treatment plant is ^quipped with two boilers of which one is 2.8 x le kJ/s hot water boiler and another one is 0.5 t/h steam boiler. 'After cleaning with ceramic dedustor the flue gas will be exhausted by stack of 30 m high, so it is point source discharging. In order to meet requirement for module calculation, the pollution sources after modularized treatment are listed in the table 7-7. Table 7-7 Parameters of emissions for pollution sources Name of Height source source intensity Dia. Flue gas Flowing pollution of inten- of dust (mg/s) of tempe- speed of sources sources sity of stack rature flue gas (m) the S02 (m) at out- at outlet (mg/s) < 10JL > lOU let ( C) (m/s) …----------------------- …___________________ stack of 30 520.0 8.3 19.5 0.75 200 6.3 steam boiler stack of 30 4844.4 80.0 186.7 0.50 200 15.8 hot water -_ boiler Note: Hot water boiler is used for heating and is calculated on base of 5 months in winter. recvcled paper 79 enIob, and ,n'iannment The dispersion parameters are selected on site measuring results from 'Report on environmental impact of the expansion project of Anshan Iron and Steel Company". For dispersion parameters under the calm wind, the Turner parameters are used. The concrete forecasting contents are explained as follows: (1) Concentration in calm.wind In the assessment, the total uspended particles in case of stability of ass nd hourly concentration of the S02 have been c culated in conditions of calm wind in winter and the diagram of pollution concentration distribution has been drawn.on 7-3 and 7- 4. From forecasted results, you can see the peak values of the T.S.P and S02 are only 0.0007 mg/Nz3 and 0.0440 mg/Nm , accounted for 0.07% and 29.3% of limit values of first class standard respectively. The range with S02 more than 0.0i5 mg/Nm. is only 1.4 km2 . It is obvious that the forecasted concentration of T.S.P and S02 in @alm wind is quite low. (2) Concentration in unfavorable wind direction Considering the concentration of pollutants around the waste water treatment plant besides Anshan iron and Steel Company, the adjacent villages such as Lisatai Wusantai and Xiaoyinpan will be taken as assessment points. When the assessment points are located to the axial line of the leeward direction of the pollution sources the pollutant concentrations under the recVcled DaDer 80 ; d lde&' 'en3 Cd-4n4 so V- &,d Fig. 7-3 Hongqibao Xiaoyingpan t ffiX ) Dayingpan Waste water j treatment plant Wusantai Songsantai Distribution of T.S.P concentration from boiler house in case of calm in winter (Stability of type D) recvcled paper wokg% and ..rnunment Fig. 7-4 Al Hongqibao Xiaoyingpan j XX Dyingpan Waste water \ treatment plant W u .antai Songsantai Distribution of S02 concentration for boiler house in case of calm in winter (Stability of type D) recvcled-caper e"olore and ,mininmenm different stability of atmosphere are listed in table 7-8. Table 7-8 Pollution concentration value of the air pollutants at assessment points in case of different stability under unfavorable leeward (concentration unit: mg/Nm Name of T.S.P S02 assessment ----------------------------------------------…--------------- point A-B C D E-F A-B C D E-F -----------------------------------------------------------------------__- Lisantai 0.0004 0.0011 0.0010 0.0013 0.0232 0.0652 0.0618 0.0772 Wusantai 0.0001 0.0003 0.0003 0.0006 0.0052 0.0194 0.0184 0.0345 Xiaoyinpan 0.0002 0.0004 0.0004 0.0005 0.0093 0.0265 0.0251 0.0303 --------------------------------------------------------------------__---- From table 7-8 you can see that Lisantai is nearer to v $ j t pollution source than other two assessment vointp~hie concentration of pollutants at the Lisantai village is , ' therefore relatively great. The max. contributing J concentration of T.S.P and S02 in E-F class stability with value of only 0.0013 mg/Nm3 and 0.0772 mg/Nm3, which accounts for 0.9% and 25.7X of first class standard values. From statistical results of meteorological data you can see, that Lisantai village frequency of the ind direction from ESE is only 2X in very small probabl while Xiaoyinpan village is influenced by wind S and wind frequency of this 81 recvcled oaper be.og nnd eI'inhnlernt assimuth is greater with annual wind frequency of 13%& The smaller contributing concentration of pollution source to the Xiacyinpan village. The contributed concentration of the T.S.P and S02 in E-F class stability accounts for 0.3% and 10.1% of class I standard limit values, respectively. (3) Concentration to axis of pollution source.* In order to obtain the imaginable concentration distribution on axis for concerning points, this assessment calculates and draw the diagram of concentration distribution from pollution sources in Winter on the axis of assessed points referred to Fig. 7-5 -- 7-7, which objectively reflect the contributed concentration of pollution sources to various concerning points. From the figures, you can see the contributed concentration of T.S.P at 150 m from pollution source is the highest, while S02 is at 200 m from pollution source, then decreased gradually. Within this region there is no concerning point. Therefore the contributed concentration of the pollutants from the boiler room of the waste water treatment plant to the adjacent villages will be small. In short, because of flue gas the two boilers of waste water treatment plant to be purified with ceramic deduster and having the purifying efficiency of 99%, the dust discharge is decreased from 105.6 kg/h to 1.06 kg/h and of dust content in exhaust is controlled within 300 mg/Nm3 or lower. Both concentration recvcled Paper 82 cw and Pn%inhment discharged and height of stack will meet the requirements shown in "Standard of discharging the dust form boiler" (GB13271-91). The discharge of S02 produced-by coal fired boiler is also met with the. requirements in the "Temporary standard on discharging of industrial "three wastes" (waste gas, waste water slag) (GBJ4-73). From the forecast results you. can see that the concentration of pollutants contributed to the nearby villages is low, so pollutants discharged from boiler room only have little effect on surrounding environment. 7.3.2 Effect of offensive odor from waste water treatment plant on environment The waste water of western channel consists of 92.90% process sewage and 7.1% sanitary sewage. From the industrial waste water, the chemical waste water is accounted for 25%. Generally, when the industrial waste water exceeds 50% of total, the characteristics of the waste water will be changed, and deviated from characteristics of civic waste water. In major cases, the ratio of BOD5/CODcr of the industrial waste water is very small and not fit to be treated with biochemical process. The waste water of western channel belongs to the abovementioned waste water. It is noted that the offensive odor emitted from western channel differs intrinsically from offensive odor emitted from civil waste water of the city. So far, no limit value of standard is -established for recvcled raper 83 crooloc% and rn.iav .. . offensive odor in China. Therefore, the assessment will refer to the related stipulation and judgment in Japan. Main substances of offensive odor are ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl thioether frimethylamine. For characteristics of waste water of western channel, near-earth monitoring of pollution sources with three points is done in Jul. 1992. The monitoring contents, monitoring positions and results are shown in table 7-9. % * Classification of offensive odor substances and comparison of odor characteristics with odor emitted from western channel. ^ f JP6VIIVS From comparison of the ta le, th offensive odor c emitted from western ch nnelti mainly hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, fatty a ds and phenols. The odor ~ > smell of fatty acids from the offensive odor *is particularly stressed on mineral oils. This is one of essential differences for offensive -odors emitted from 7 waste water of western channel and that of city. In order to assess the pollution of western channel to the atmosphere according to extent of offensive odor, the specification and standard on related odor issued by Japan will be referred due to absent standard on limit value of offensive odor in China currently and the comparison of max. allowable concentration of harmful substances in atmosphere in the residence area with monitoring values in three places of western channel has been done. From table 7-11 you can tee that recvcled paper 84 enslogs and eninonwrnt the monitoring values in various places of western channel are far lower than relevant regulation and standard values issued by Japan and China, especially, the monitoring values obtained at 5 m away from western channel under leeward notes that its emitted odor smell was far lower than the reference value for odor concentration at near-bank of the channel therefore the pollution at places farther from the western channel is negligible. In order to know well the concrete conditions of emission of offensive odor gases during its stirring process for waste water treatment plant, the monitoring points are arranged for stations of monitoring water quality of western channel with industrial test. The monitoring data is shown that the concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide emitted is lower than the various reference values. Through monitoring and analysis at abovementioned places, the assessment considered that the offensive odor produced from waste water treatment plant has limited effect of pollution on surrounding environment. In addition, if these offensive odor is treated with water washing method and absorbing method, it will spend a large expenses but has limited environment benefit; and absorbing method will cause secondary pollution during its generating. Therefore, in order to protect the around environment, if a certain protection distance is kept and green belt is planted resulting in minimized effect is expected. recvcled paper 85 and vndin.nnw,ts Table 7-9 Classification of offensive odor substances and comparison of odor smell with odor emitted from western channel. reccled paper 86 nuoo' and envinsnnwnt Classification Name Odor smell Odour smell from western channel ------------------------------------------------------------___------_ Hydrogen sulphide fetid smell negligible ------------------------------------------------------- Ammonia strong irritant obvious smell ------------------------------------------------------- Amonia excrement and None sulphide urine smell ------------------------------------------------------- ethyl mercaptan mercap tan(s) methyl mercaptan odor smell formic thicether from garlic ethyl thoether and (chinese) None thioether(s) ethyl thioether chives .hexyl thicether ------------------------------------------------------- formaldehyde acetaldehyde uncomfortable Aldehyde(s) propionaldehyde irritant odor None butylraldehyde smell ------------------------------------------------------- 3-methylindole offensive odor smell as that None from excrement and urine(s) _______________________________________________________ Fatty acid(s) formic acid irritant odor smell of low Markable class fatty acid acetic acid ------------------------------------------------------- methyl acetic Putrid cheese None acid odor Butyric acid urine odor None smell as mouse7 …------------------------------------------------------ Aminoacetone anine type None ethylamine odor smell Amine(s) ------------------------------------------------------- aniline putrid fish type None dimethyl amine dour smell ------------------------------------------------------- Phenol(s) phenol uncomfortable Markable thiophenol odor smell …------------------------------------------------------ Alcoholts) butanol uncomfortable irritant odor None amyl alcohol smell. --------------------------------------------------------------__------ 87 +i$ t ci recycled Daper vlew and * wrminmm 0 Table 7-10 Comparison of monitoring values at various pointg CL of western channel with various reference standard values Japan Max-allowed Monitoring valued of western ------------------- ---- concentration channel imited standard of air harmful ----------------------------- concen- range of substances at 5m an bridge Zizhan Name tration limit in residence away of auto- Room of offensive values area from matic for odour subs- within leeward monitoring water tances occupied of bank station quality border ---------------------------------------------_-----_--------____---_------_--__- Ammonia 30.4-38.01 0.76-3.80 0.20 0.032 0.102 0.144 -----------------------------------------------------------------__----------__- Hydrogen 0.008-1.52 0.03-2.07 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 sulphide Phenol 0.02 0.008 0.012 not found out Benzene 2.40 not found not found not found out out out ------------------------------------------------------…------------------------- X Xylene 0.30 0.03 not found not found out out unit: mg/m3 7.4 Forecast and assessment of impact of noise emitted from waste water treatment plant on environment. 7.4.1 Present situation of environmental noise from the proposed plant site. The plant site of the No.1 waste water treatment plant in the western part will be located in the northeast of Lisantai village (distance is about 450m) and in the uppers of the southern-eastern part of the Xiaoyingpan village (distance is about 400m) accessing by Anliu highway and that to Liaoyang city. The location is also in closed vicinity to special rail tracks. The northern-eastern side of the plant side is closed to the western tailing dam and 600m from south of the plant site is a timber storage of Anshan Iron and Steel Company and Anshan Chemical Plant etc. The plant site in now an undeveloped open land. Except the traffic noise from various vehicles around the environment, there is no fixed noise source. According to the demand of assessment, arrangement of the monitoring points at side of Anshan-Liu highway, Lisantai and Xiaoyingpan village is to be set up for monitoring of environmental noise (see fig 7-8). The monitoring results of environmental noise, is shown table 7-11. recvcled paper .ek and ensiinnmenn Qa :on i ntration ((Ig/Nm3) Fig. 7-7 it? d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~Wn dieto:S a". . ad07 I \,W s Fe ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~Saiiy type D ~~~ 4 *0 7 SX 'p t, v4" v '* ^* 'i" ' distance 3~ Dayingpan {m) Profile of BxiBl concentration for boiler house 5 ~~~~~~~~~~~along the NE direction ~~~~ 9 ~~~~~~~Wind direction: SW - tb ~~~~~~~~~Wind speed: 3m/s C B~~tability: type D Xi ao yingpan Al// Fig. 7-8 9 \\°/^ a~~~~4l1 .i I !!I I 1 1-- 1 x 2 No .1 wastre water)s /- . t ~~~N _I ,jTI< lIl1 Tailings * -) \ / 11 M '5 14 et .-reservoir Lirantai Arrangement diagrao of environmental noise monitoring and forecasting points recvcled.Daper ,nd *ng-n.nn,qn Table 7-11 Monitoring data of environmental noise of Day/night -----------------------------------------------------------------__----------_ No. of Name Equivalent Statistical A accounting Remarks monitoring A acoustic acoustic pressure points Level class (dB) leg(dB) L10 L50. L90 --------------------------------------------------------------------__-------_ No.1 Border of the 50.2/42i7 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.2 Border of the 48.8/40.2 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.3 Border of the 47.8/39.2 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.4 Border of the 48.5/40.2 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.5 Border of the 49.5/39.7 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.6 Border of the 50.2/42.7 - - - plant site No.7 Border of the 50.7/41.7 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------------------------__---------_ No.8 Border of the 50.7/41.7 - - - plant site ------------------------------------------------_.--------------------__-----__ No.9 Side of Anliu 76.6/55.1 80/60 69/53 60/49 Vehicles roadway flow is 252 cars/h per day vehicles flow is 18 cars/h per 34"** night …-----------------------------------------------------------------__------_.-__ No.10 Within Lisantai 52.0/47.5 - - - village …------------------------------------------------------_-_-_-------__--------_ No.11 Within 53.9/49.0 - - - Xiao Ying pan village …----------------------------------.._ ----------------------------------------- 90 recvcled vaper c.e.skm end cuinrnment The regional environment is ainly influenced by * traffic noise, as shown in table 7-12. The environmental noise around th plant battery limit of the proposed site is between 4 8-50.7 dBA in day time and between 39.4-42.7 dBA at is in accordance with the standard o class I mixing r gion (Leg 55 dBA in day and 45 dBA at night ) in the "standard on environmental noise of city area (GB-3096- 82). The environmental noise for Lisantai and Xiaoying pan villages is 52 and 53.9 dBA in day time respectively in accordance with standard of class 1 mixing region, while at night is 47.5 and 49 dBA respectively which met only with standard of class II mixing region. Therefore, above mentioned region is belonging to the quiet environment till now. 2- iuL 6do 7.4.2 Forecast of impact of environmental noise. l After putting into operation of the STP project, a certain number of fixed noise sources will be added, as the result environmental noise level will be increased. The table 7-13 shows the main noise source, acoustic pressure level and nature of frequency spectrum of the proposed project. They will be distributed in the various pump rooms, boiler room and compressed air station. recvcled paper crnkw% and eminrnment 91 Table 7-12 List of main noise sources -------------------------------------------------------------------__-------- Description of Acoustical pressure Spectral noise source level (dB) characteristics Remarks No. ------------------- A accounting B accounting ----------------------------------------------------------------__----------- 1 Booster pumps 90 A 94 low and inter- B sets mediate frequency ------------------------------------ _. ---------------------------------___ 2 Lif.tpumps 92 94 wide band 5 sets _________________-------- - - -:---______ __________ __________ __________ 3 Filter pumps 92 A 93 high frequency 5 sets ________________________________ L------------------------------------- 4 Backwashing 90 r 93 intermediate 2 sets pumps of filter frequency -----------------------------_ l- -------_S,_-------------------------------- 5 delivering pumps for 91 / v 3 wide band 4 sets agricultural irrigationto I ……7,---------------------------- /--- ---------------------------------- 6 Sanitary sewage pumps 86 92 low frequency 2 sets : Air compressors 87 90 intermediate 4 sets frequency 8 Ventilators for boiler 97 101 low and intermediate 2 sets frequency --------------------------------------------------------------__------------- 9 Draught fans 92. 97 low and intermediate 2 sets frequency …___________________________________________________________________________ In order to compare the change of environmental noise before and after operation of the project, the sound receiving points for forecasting are selected at the saue places of present monitoring present situations. The forecast values of various forecasting points is a sum of back grand noise values and calculated sound energy transmitted to all sound receiving points from various noise sources. The Forecast values of the, forecasting sound receiving points in day time and at night are shown in the table 7-13. 92 recvcled gaper g M t Table 7-13 Forecast noise values of various forecasting sound reserving points in day/night -----------------------------------------.----------------------_ Numbering of Sound pressure level of various forecasting measurement sound receiving points (dBA) points ------------------------------------------------- Calculated Background Forecasting Increasing value value value value ----------------------------------------------------------------- No. 1 43.6 50.2/42.7 51.1/46.2 0.9/3.5 No. 2 45.3 48.8/40.2 50.4/46.5 1.6/6.3 No. 3 39.0 47.8/39.4 50.2/42.2 2.4/2.8 No. 4 46.4 48.5/40.2 50.6/47.3 2.1/7.1 No. 5 41.6 49.5/39.7 50.2/43.8 0.7/4.1 No. 6 42.6 50.2/42.7 50.9/45.7 0.7/3.0 No. 7 37.3 50.7/41.7 50.9/43.0 0.2/1.3 No. 8 47.3 50.7/41.7 52.3/48.4 1.6/6.7 No. 9 38.5 [76.6/55.1 '76.6/55.2 ° /0.1 c c (' No.10 37.1 152.0/47.5 52.1/47.9 0.1/0/44- 44. No.11 35.8 e 3.9/49.0 L5.0/49.2 0.1/0.2ef V (3) Assessment of influence of the environmental noise From table 7-13, you can see that after building up of L4 i the No.1 waste water treatment plant in Western part. The environmental noise of the various measuring points (Ni - N8) within plant border will be increased * I_ j irrespecti-;- of day time and night. The forecast value in day time is between 50.2-52.3 dBA and meet the standard of Class I mixing region of << Standard of environmental noise in the city area>> (GB 3096-82) or 4J. > 55 dBA standard values of the Class I standard > (GB 12348-90). At night, except for three I' P measuring points such as N3, N5 and N7 which meet the recy Class I standard the remaining various points raises to Class II standard. .recvcled paper 93eblos and en-inannent N9 point (side of An-Liu roadway) because of higher background noise, both N1O (Lisantai village) and Nil point ( Xiaoyingpan village) which are far from the sound source of plant area, will be slightly influp-ced- by industrial noise of waste water treatment plant, therefore environmental noise of these three points generally meintains the present situation. In a word, the influence of environmental noise is negligitable after building up and putting int operation of the No.1 waste water treatment plant in the west. IALA/ recycled paper e".s.:% and ensini.nment 94 7.5 Analysis of influence of chemicals used for cleaning the water by waste water treatment plant on environment (1) Consumption of various chemicals According to characteristics of poor biochemical action, the No.1 waste water treatment plant in west of Anshan city will adopt the physical and chemical treatment method through experiment for cleaning of waste water of the Western Channel. The substance of chemical method is adding, the FeCl3.6H20, A12(S04)3.18H20 and polyacrylamide (PAM or No..3 coagulant) into waste water. Its consumption is shown in table 7-14. Table 7-14 Consumption of chemicals for treatment of varying water volume Name of Water volume to be treated (10000 m3/d) Chemicals - -------------------------------------------- - 19.20 21.24 22.00 ----------------------384-----00----424.80--------440.00----- FeC13.6H20 384.00 424.80 440.00 A12(S04)3.18H20 384.00 424.80 440.00 PAM 7.68 8.50 8.80 ------------------------------------------------------------- Consumption unit of chemicals: kg/d (2) Nature of chemicals (1) FeC13.6H20 The ferric chloride is characterized by high purity, low volume of slag, easy dissolvation, large coagulating body, fast settlement speed, good decolourization and not influenced by water temperature. It accommodates to pH 6-11. recvcledfaper leu and ,nsirnsnment 95 (2) A12(SO4t.18H20 Aluminum sulfate is a coagulant which is popularly used for water and waste water treatment and is divided into crude and refined products. The former contains only 20-25X anhydrous aluminum sulfate, while the later contains about 50X. The aluminum sulfate has best effect when water temperature is 20- 40°C, but it effects is not as good as ferric under lower temperature. Its applicable ph value is 4-8. When pH=4- 7, it has good effect in removing of organic matters. When pH=5.7-7.8, it can be used in removing of suspended matters. It has advantages of fast coagulation and little corrosion, easy usage, good sanitary conditions but disadvantage of that a certain quantity of soda should be added, and a poor effect in decolouration. (3) PAM Polyacrylamide coagulant (PAM), as called as No.3 coagulant, is an organic macromolecular polymerized by acrylamide and characterized by colourless, tasteless, easy to solve into water and noncorrosion. PAM is stable under normal temperature. But in case of high temperature or freezing temperature, it is easy to be degraded and its coagulating effect is decreased. Therefore the temperature for storage and dosing shall not exceed 65 CC, and indoor temperature shall not be lower than 2CC. recvcied oaper Cr"Oe% and rnirnnnwent 96 (3) Analysis of effect on environment According to analysis of characteristics of chemicals used in the waste water treatment, the three chemicals will not produce harmful substances to environment.. Therefore it will cause no negativ environment. 7.6 Preliminary analysis of influence of waste water treat- ment plant during construction period on environment. The waste water treatment plant project is consists of diversion hidden channel, waste water treatment plant and water delivering project. The diversion hidden' channel is characterized by excavating in large channel and transporting away of earth cut; the waste water treatment plant construction is characterized by excessive burried engineering and many surplus earth cut. But because the reference elevation of the plant floor should be over the warning floodwater level to achieve the safety elevation of 17m, therefore, after OJL 1 . stripping of topsoil, the large volume of earth should be filled to reach the designed reference elevation. The filling earth required is taken irom the outside and self excavation of the hydraulic structures. For water delivering pipeline the pipes will be laid with open channel and there is possible transporting away of surplus earth. From rough estimation between excessive earth and deficit earth in abovementioned three parts, the general balance of the earth can be achieved in complementarity. In order to save man power and recvcled paper tc.-Ig% and rmim-nment It /7 1-n 7 ._ _ - / t U / 6a~ & fA I V material and minimize effec of construction on environment as far as p sible, the complete construction plan should be worked out, to make the earth transporting, refilling, and efficient utilization of vehicles reasonably. The project site is located in the western side of western tailings basin of Anshan Iron and Steel Company, have no residence points and production activities there and it is an idle land located between the railway in west side and tailings basin in East. From thi s can see, there is a large room for constructi. Although the construction noise and dust generating during transporting causes a certain influence on envir nment and construction people, but their effects are limited. They have not large influence .on further residence points. Because at the plant building places there is a little amount of trees and vegetation and there is no rare and valuable kinds and not also the agricultural land, therefore in spite of the building of the plant destroys the land, there will not be problem to destroy the ecology. From abovementioned description, the plant site selected at the unused land is a reasonable alternative and can minimise the influence of the construction on environment. /Jo {y)4- / 7.7 Influence of built project on terrestrial plant and under water biology The terrestrial plants around the site of the waste recycled oaDer eruI1gn and rninnnaurn 98 water treatment plant are mainly meadow plants growing on the local uncultivated, such as green bristlegrass, reed etc. as well as artificial cultivated fruit trees and poplar, willow, locust tree etc. The agricultural crops are more complete, from which the grain crops mainly are rice, wheat, sorghum etc. while oil plants are soybean, sesame peanut etc. Because of very developed industrial and agricultural economy and sufficient development and utilization of the land, no primitive natural ecology is existing. From pollution of agricultural crops due to irrigation of this area with waste water of the western channel, you can see that the rice and foliese vegetables are polluted to certain extent, therefore the treatment of waste water of western channel has a great impact on terrestrial plants, mainly on agricultural crops. Because western channel is a comprehensive channel for discharging of waste water, so Yunliang river belongs to seriously polluted water body, therefore, the fish and shrimp in the river have disappeared, and no 5 /4 7.8 Influence of built project on utilization of land, social economy The plant site o wa-ter treatment planti located at wester sin o Anshan - _ Iron and Steel Company where is idle land to used. Th building up of waste water treatment plant will first recvcled Paper hg and en4innmeni 99 no occupy the agricultural field, secondly no require move of residents, at same time utilizes rationally this unused land to treat the waste water of the western channel so as to improve the water quality of Yunliang river, eliminate pollution of soil and crops of agricultural irrigation area and minimize the pollution of the underground water. When the waste water treatment plant is built up, the waste water . after treatment can be reused, to relieve the tension of water supplying for Anshan City and water resource is sufficiently utilized. Therefore, building up of waste water treatment plant makes the sufficient and rational utilization of the land, it's social economic benefits is obvious, improves the living environment of people and ecological environment, protects water resource, makes sufficient comprehensive efficiency of water source to suit requirement of development of national economy and living of people. 8. Economic, social and environmental benefits of the proposed project 8.1 Analysis of ec am of the project 8.1.1 Description on cost of waste water treatment plant under varying operation conditions. ine treatment capacity of the waste water treatment. plant is varying in different stages and recovery of water volume is varying with irrigation. Table 8-1 Silows the treatment volume of water and reusing volume oi WaLter usiider v4rYing srages arLd varyiuag corisunap;ion recvcled gaper eploe't and inrim.-... 100 of water as well as reusing volume w ater. Table 8-1 Treating volume of water and reusing volume of water in the varying stages and varying consumption of water. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Stages* I II III ----------------------------------------------------------------- Water treating* 192000 212400 220600 volume (m3/d) ----------------------------------------------------------------- Reusing No rain and 168000 186000 193000 of No irrigation (A) water ------- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- --- -- -- volume No rain, but in 130000 152000 160000 m3/d irrigation (B) Having rain, but 168000 186000 193000 no irrigation (C) ------------------------------------------------------ Having irrigation 168000 186000 193000 after raining (D) According to the industrial development plan of the Anshazi city, the civic drainage divided into st es I, 1I and III, and stage III will be executed 2 (1) Calculation of the cost " /:r Ai %, According to the data given in the report on the feasibility study, considering the annual consumption, electricity price, labour wages and depreciation of the equipiaent, the unit cost per m3 water is RMB 0.3,6. The "nWLL4. LuLXa,. uust in case of varyin nt water i s n:i. ~o, Z 8Ciu00, RtlEi 29,u ~3 R.IB * 0,cti ely referd il the taole 8-2. recycle-d- sGWaLe treaLme variable stages. recvcled oaoer j fj6)'OinS"m 7°A Table 9-2 Total cost of water treatment in variable stages (ten thousands Yuan/Year) Stages I III Treatment volume 19200 212400 220600 of water m3/d Cost of treatment 2628 2907.23 3019.46 ------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Calculation of benefits In calculation of benefits only the direct economic benefits from waste water treatment plant during reusing of treated water of the city is considered, while the indirect economic benefits will be descripted in the following paragraphs. (1) Economic benefits of water reusing According to the calculation of present selling price of water for the city (0.27 Yuan/m3), the calculation results for economic benefits in varying stages under varying water consumption condition are shown in table 8-3. Table 8-3 Economic benefits of varying reusing volume of water invarying stages X Jcg and msnirn.t..'- 126 13.1.3 Detecting and Measuring Devices Under the prerequisite that the monitor and detection of the above mentioned items should be reliable, the monitoring and measuring devices will be selected in China as many as possible. The selected devices should be effective and economical. The monitoring and measuring devices are a important means of the monitoring and measuring work, so its selection has direct effect on the result of the work. The selection of the devices should follow the concepts below. (1) The performance of the devices selected can satisfy the requirements of the monitoring method. However, the devices too sophisticated and too large will not be considered. (2) The standard devices should be selected first. The non- standard devices will be selected only if there are no standard ones or the standard ones are not suitable. (3) The devices should be as light as possible and they should be supplied with both A.C and D.C power if possible so as to facilitate the site monitoring and measuring. 13.1.4 Detecting and Analysis Lab Persons According to the feasibility study of the STP, 27 persons will be employed to do the monitoring and laboratory work. These employees must be trained well and qualified. ,ecvcled oaDer eruIsg% and mn.mnnwir 127 13.2 Telecommunication Systems There are four telecommunication systems in the STP: -- Administration telecommunication system -- Dispatching Telecommunication system -- Industrial Television system and Wireless Telecommunication system. 13.2.1 Administration Telecommunication There are 45 automatic telephones in the STP all together, including 5 large t:pe autotelephones. For this, a small-scale autotelephone station will be set up. It will be located in the administration building. The station will be equipped with a program control exchange with 80 pairs of lines. There are a mechnical room and an exchanger room in the station. The station will be powered from one A.C line. a Ca-Ni batteris panel with capacity of 75 AH is stand by to supply D.C power. 13.2.2 Dispatch Telecommunication 20 dispatch telephones are required for the whole plant. For this a dispatch station with 40 pairs of lines will be set-up in the administration building. There are a mechanical room and an exchanger room in the station. The dispatch station is directly powered by one D.C line. A Ca-Ni batteries panel will be standby and will be automatically started to supply D.C power to the station. recvcled DaDer .l.% and eirn.nment 128 13.2.3 Industrial Television 5 television cameras will be set up in 5 places (the polluted water reusing pump station, the filter and pressurization pump room, the sewage treatment facilities) to monitor the operation of the operation and work of the operators. The monitor will be installed in the dispatch room. 13.2.4 Wireless Telecommunication The STP is located in the remote area, but it needs a lot of direct telecommunication with the outside world. So wireless telephones will be used in the places that. the telephone wires can not reach and where the mobile telecommunication is required for the touring. monitoring. 14. Reliability Analysis of Normal Operation of STP For the reliability analysis of the normal operation of the STP see Figure 14-1. The analyses are made in the following five fields. (1) Desijn Design is the key to maintain the normal operation. In the STP design, the capacity and the process flow of the STP are determined based on the quantity and quality of the sewage from the main pollution source enterprises. The layout in plan is reasonable. The quality and reliable equipment will be selected. The measures are taken to eliminate the unsafe factors. The necessary telecommunication and monitoring systems will be installed in the STP. recvcled paper e.Iush and ein mnnent 129 F?igure 14-1 PraceetGneneral ISeletion of COmmunication flow arrangement equpent nystem J n T Def lnetl pos9t o | Design l 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~responsibility W lorkted ouat saett operation reguslatlons |Haintenance _e:=:> and repair ^ uz 9 // s O . ".~H l?wsrd and ptunili1entset ffi t // __t ~~~~~~Up the gtipuletilons of spare parts a Sf w e operation x r trc \ } . ~~~~~~~~exnamnsto > \ S ~~~~~~~~~~Total amount . _ r ~~~~~~~~~~~~covntrol Personal Hornitorld -2 | X t|educetlonll voca Iton | °oUtirce|sSP 3 hol~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mn Hetin Oteso n ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Illet outlet Ju'neetn q3u*iPfent 2 ~~~~~ ~~~~~~Block diagram of STP operation reliability anal ysi s (2) Management The scientific management is the necessary condition to maintain the normal operation of the STP. The management includes the control of the total quantity of the polluting source and the reinforced management inside the STP. The STP will supervise the main enterprises producing pollution, limit the total quantity of the polluted water discharged from them and keep the total quantity of the treated water within the designed range. The enterprise that discharges sewage more than the limited will be criticized, warned, doubly charged and penalized, but the ones that discharge sewage less than the limited will be encouraged. The post responsibilities will be set up inside the STP. The employees will often be examined. Those who work hard will be rewarded and those who does not will be punished. The necessary management organization will be set up to maintain normal operation of the STP. (3) Monitoring system The monitoring system is used to know if the operation is normal. The system has two functions: -- monitoring the discharge outlets of the main, enterprised that produce pollutants, -- monitoring the sewage inlet and outlet of the STP (and the main treatment facilities if necessary). By monitoring the quantity and quality of the sewage discharged from the main enterprises, the STP can know recvcied oaper eCIIMEu and enmi.g,-.... 130 the charges of the sewage quantity and know whether the enterprise's water treatment facilities are operating or not, and the operation is normal or not, so that the STP can adjust its own operation in time. If the enterprise's treatment facility stops, the STP will require it to restart in limited time. If the enterprise's facility does not operate normally and the discharge water can not reach the standards, the STP will require it to upgrade its own facility. In this way, the main enterprises' water treatment facilities can really operate with good result. By monitoring the quantity and quality of sewage water coming in and going out of the STP, the efficiency of each water treatment facility in the STP can be checked, and problems can be found out, so that the faults can be corrected in time to guarantee the quality of the discharged water from the STP to reach the provincial standards. (4) Training The quality of the employee of the STP will have influence on the quality of the discharged water from the STP. The STP will work out its training programme and send its employees to the similar plant or posts to be trained, so that the employees can be qualified and can operate the facilities at each post well. Besides the technical courses, operating courses and safety courses will be often made. recvcled DaWer enpI4's and eninarennnnn 131 (5) Run of Equipment The STP must be operated continuously, For this, routine maintenance and repair should be made to keep the operated equipment always in good conditions, The spare parts must be kept in stock, so that the faulty parts can be replaced in time. If the above five fields can be followed, and all the employees will do their best to operate the equipment, the operation of the STP will be normal and reliable. 15. Analysis of Potential Impacts Based on the characters of the sewage in Xibugou, the STP process flow has been determined. The process equipment is m e ized and advanced. The STP must be operated con ously, and any fault can cause potential hazard, and even effect the whole plant. Therefore, to maintain normal and a operation, preventive measures must be taken agains the potential -1 effect and unsafety factors. In this way, the relevant measures can be taken if the bad impact or accidents occur. £ i, I 1. -w, The STP consists of the water diversion system, treatment system arnd treated water distribution (dispatch) system. By comparison., survey, analysis of running and accidents and simulating dispose of accident, it is found that there are following 4 potential effects on the STP: (1) the potential impact occurring when the power supply to the drives is off, recvcled Daper 132 ih,! and nmirnnment 132 (2) the potential impact occurring when the flow rate and quality fluctuate and the suspensions are deposited, (3) the potential impact occurring when the treatment facilities do not operate normally and the water can not be reduced or the sludge system is faulty. (4) the potential impact occurring when the quality of the treated water can not be controlled, and the low quality water will be reused or the enterprises refuse to reuse it. For the potential impacts to different extents and the effecting positions in the STP process flow see Figure 15-1. This figure shows the factors that have effect on the whole plant and cause large areas to be polluted and accidents to occur; the factors that have effects on the efficiency of the treatment; the factors that have effects on the use of water source; and the factors that pollute the environment. It can be seen from the figure that the water diversion from Xibugou through the covered canal and the dispose of the sludge separated from the water both are the keys to maintain the normal operation of the STP and avoid the severe accident. Therefore, during the design and the management, the emphasis should be placed on the "head" and the "tail" of the STP. Besides, sufficient preventive measured should be taken against the potential unsafety factors. This viewpoint must be considered in the next design phase. recvcled aD .errnaig and inin'nn,rng 133 Figure 15-1 Ma ter to n~~~ ~ ~ 8- 0 I * 9 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ o Seusge frO~~s I 1 0, Cl I 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I , aSalu !1Adge te be I ZsSF J C L.t~ o- ---F---O e----+-~-- trenepor td F(>J out ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S Floc1 e litoa reaetlen cvrdsewage Zeo upused for b i'diio a, ., th (l)csnsl a 7r teete ar n(3 craew raisin begin 4 sp ctl ( channel to SIP (2) Scr-enlng filter (3) eaee raisia (4) .spet.:: This in bar "1't; . SIP (6) dLeposits e e t eseed tm tr sellCtllef ity e7) p pCLP iTle, is nress roewtion cre ilit-ersiold *t Once power 1s Offot pect Legend I ed~.ed p5:5mg. t; t , p a; well. Oth*rIdset fells, Sn the b: etop. rapute whic sae eve orilOw pageuefrueng ot waer and lesult Ia sees i lopret ~ ~ ~ ~ .h tcl1 *n nato eer ef:lOW bt p-ablt et:: reualty r atesea h ere arc os yt the front open will het.1 isatd. cn. e*band 5?P has to step. (5) Lumber resoving boa ()l stage clarifier (?) lreseurising pup (a) papid filter Th :::;;t attletenty of ones, pItet is . well a~~~~~~~~~~Ti i sc folr e dpd rOincj pe rbs jtr;epertlent icS, I O Once p wjtla ofr I c elo .notrle Legend l i u chan c wer th c eir In controlled treated watr rstsl w Is off. felit afte by etecPrc od quality cnd ber reued, water 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I' n:h b.le.-i wte it Mill b l:O1dedQO s dore. ehsiseddrei related: wil bespoe ource Is lost and pollution treatd water quality wtf reusina of nd furpthenrtr t the ater of surTece water uhotele - hole plnt.' andwMill be Impacted. molar quality and water source re l s e eec ed will be heavier. A major accident occurs a.Pc& C er a Primaryl screw ipm Slurry Sur istr() sdtr lry (10) Slurry pump (ileiEfl 12) 9 13 1SLl filter 1press tpact factor Ti sfre eeeigfclt .-4 !on water reute Once power is offer This is bay facility. smpact on Ti sfre osoigtcl cr Aral fakils, Once power is off oPerati1 on sm 0 Once power Is mff or control falls. -. ~~~~imapct factor slurry is deposited or IL isile,. eI:lurry is effetn Saee 10lurry will he discharged In original fore 2 --0 ~~On environetent Istuur.twil deyceiteei In alsrfer Ieln is nd rosent wIll he o ~~~~~pollutioni ispa:ct on tr55I't willF ast device topaceetaip S e~~~~~~~~~~~~ffect. sNd even reclte sz5topfr el~u:rr removingo in blockage. Analysis of potential iMpacts on STP during whole process from sewage inlet to cleaned water outlet 16. Analysis of alternatives The Xibu No.1 sewage Treatment plant project is the first stage of the "Environment Protection Plan". It can greatly improve the quslity of the heavily polluted* water in Yunliang River and mitigate the shortage of the water in Anshan City. The environmental effect, economic effect and social effect are all very obvious. Therefore, the technical process of the STP must be aimed at the specific consitions and the proposed objectives, its process equipment must be advanced, the STP must be suited to the fluctuation of the water quality, and there must be preventability of the STP against the possible potential impacts. The project should maintain the quantity of the water for irrigation in this area which has the history of 38 years , help the water and soil is near the downstream of Xibugou to be conservated, and keep the min. flowrate needed. The project must guarantee that the rainwater coming from the upper reach area of Xibugou can smoothly flow into the stream and the river to keep the original capacity of flood discharge. For this purpose, the following alternatives are put forward:. (1) Diversion Works for STP (L) Alternative for Silt Removing Form covered Canal As the flowrate of the water coming into the STP does not fluctuate very heavily (the range is within 7875-- 8826 m /h, i.e. the max. value is 1.12 times of the recycled Daper J5 134 c.hIs and .ns-on.-.- min), while the concentration of the suspensions in it fluctuate from 389 mg/l to 1692 mg/i (the max. value is 4.35 times of the min.). Further more, the suspensions have large amounts of metallurgical particles in them. Their specific weight is large, so they are easily settled. For peeping, silt removing and airing, the silt removing holes should be made in the covered canal, and the temporary removed silt store yard should be arranged.. L (b) Alternative for Covered Canal Cross Section The sewage water collected by the STP consists of rainwater, industrial sewage and living sewage, so the water flow in the rainy season changes a lot. 06ea el c m n m. recvcled oaoer CV110 annl emnenmentun According to the hydrological information, the flow in the rainy season is about twice as much as the normal flow.The diversion capacity of the covered canal must satisfy the rainwater runoff.The rainy season is from July to A.ugust, while the dry season is much longer. If the regular cross section of the canal is taken in the design and the bottom width f ixed, as the water becomes shallow, the flow speed becomes smaller. If the self cleaning velocity is determined against the dry season, the floody water in the rainy season will erode tXu nal's bottom mud and make pollution still e vier. n this case, the STP will run with es and cannot guarantee the quality of the tr ated water. If the self cleaning velocity is cueined against the floody season, the flow speed can not meet the requirement of self-cleaning ,and long-term deposit will occur, which may cause the canal to be blocked by the silt that is not removed in time. Otherwise, the silt-removing will be too heavy. In consideration of the above mentioned situation, the cross section of the canal should be designed based on the water flow fluctuation and the fixed self-cleaning velocity. Cc) Arrangement of Ventilation Holes The bad smelling gases exit from the Xibugou sewage are mainly H2S, ammonia, benzol, and naphthol.These gases and vapors are harmful to the persons who will remove silt or make inspection in the canal. So ventilation recvcled DaDer _crului and emininmtn, 136 holes will be arranged along the covered canal. (2) Alternative for Excess Water Discharge According to the process flow of the STP, all the polluted water will go through the matter removing device and then be discharged into Xibugou, that is,the excess water is also raised before discharge. Although the quality of the excess water can be improved, more power is consumed and there are possible unsafety factors. Once power is off or mechanical equipment fails, the polluted water will be retained and overflowd with unpredictable results. Besides, the precipitation changes in a large range, so sometimes the pumps have to be operated in bad weather. In order to save power, an overfall dam is 'recommended to be built up and the excess water will go over it and through the passby into Xibugou. The impact load on the screw pump motors will be reduced , and so the pump's operation life will be longer, and the unsafety factors will be decreased. (3) Adjustment to Ununiform Discharge With Canals The STP has no enough means to adjust the water quantity, and will often operate in the fluctuating water flow. It makes the addition of the chemicals diffficult to be adjusted, and the flow of reused water and the water quality can not be satified. By analysing he different curves of' passing water flow, the calculated value of adjusted volume of the water needed for the STP is 3100m.There are nearly 700m of covered recvcled aper 137 roig% and ,nvinrnmeni canal.If the cross section of the canal near the STP can be increased, and it is changed into the open canal, the canal can be used both for diversion and for water storage. Besides,this makes silt-removing easier and the water can be exposed to avoid bad smell. ' 4' (4) Utilization of Sludge By analysing the bottom mud in Xibugou, it is known that the Fe content is 41.32%. It exists mainly in the form of particles of Feo and Fe2O3. In the near future, the sludge quantity will be 125,000 tons with Fe content 52000 ton t per year, and even much more if adding up th mud moved along Xibugou. Therefore, the sludge are valuable to be reutilized.It is suggested that the sludge should be stocked in Heiniuzhuang.Once the recovery method is determined the sludge can be taken out for reutilization. 17. Comprehensive Assessment of STP Since the STP has impacts on the environment in many areas, it is necessary to make comprehensive assessment based on the survey of the background values and the predictive assessment of single environment factor sn as to find out the general impact on the environment and its extent which will be the basis for the strategic decisions of the STP project. The comprehensive assessment includes the following two analyses: (1) Analysis of "Impact Tree" with Net-method various plans and predictive activities of the STP must recycled: aper 138 u@g% anci enl.n-nflffni be first listed out,and then the keylink of "cause- condition-result"(i.e. event keylink) is drawn. The purpose of this is to recognize a series of impacts caused by one plan or one predictive activity.By this method, the keylink impacts of the second layer and even the third layer can be shown and recognized and the possible expected events can be traced. . In this assessment, the "Impact Tree"is classified as two branches, favorable effects and adverse effects. The effects of the project consurtion are also considered in "the Impact Tree",and analyzed together. The results got from the analysis are listed in Figure 17-1. (2) Qualitative identification This method is used to make rough assessment of the extent and general nature of the impacts possibly caused by the STP.This method is to clussify the impacts of the STP on each environment unit as no impact, positive and negative effects, favorable and adverse impact, short-time impacts, long-time impacts, reversible and irreversible impacts and then assess them. For the results of the assessment see Table 17-1. It can be seen from the Table that most of the impacts of the STP on the environment are positive effects and favorable impacts and are long-time ones.Only the construction of the STP has negative effects and adverse impacts on th environment ,but they are short- time. recycled Paper 139 S&, and ,nmir..n--e r1 o5t qutlILY asomod Figure 17-1 _~ ~~ r5 I -tn tf_losb^"titwo otsiol Lund sou tolg rotoit Oooui tool9d too or James1 I r..t.z.z I... .."....UY? busingtW _IouttiW5 t * tt ho bath -% mats laud stoat h-ouws oo-rod atwl-lo Vadso sortao1ohi Rtoad amass trufifle Pilud votero adurw pollut .. 6 .of wmrl,o .l. s dust *woiodd torho hltutonto114 brouhiate SV mOssiM bY rain Vassh uaided frolaw1,41d totor owmporstin, rodsonedioul omoll rudamod Lshmt isLtt toprusod booby fVooO dioshres in ro " am wroirld-di&sohoso ofter roost Ltrout1o- sosid POlLVA t to rivor roduso dlooshur5 LPaoo, doollO 5 fo wo, tatr-osl1 oofooretiodlo t sior osttoo MAn sttjbos- Poltutats ro l aook nt Y0105OtA river Isoot Pods,od -wator ofl.y sayrsood a toter tatto 4uhlLOsO fit&toto, - tuor ortn of turas -stur orotoo oritamel Sonse. olioautod o.Crop psluotios roduoed _Cloorod oerlo * 0.us tao solinttio" "ze .a" n lodsod o IrrlsaLion ftte.ucoto tooled wt tr_ ooAl oats, qsuty 10disun quality auporood tt"s. pollotios roduced roost of novetao asbd polilnots i to omtom ohaool raotoed I. tutor quality btoruvod tutort stull Oruad tutor p.ollution rodnud Mhanou total potluatao, redwood o _Aioa e tr Potlotboot roolsd ro_ed a-tr 1atity tur tal, srowd ; _ 105501C Noarup _too roplacod by reod tutor b-ast ood usama uov.l by msoaotlo_ tero, a saoa gsh _s - ato oo. ont now o Sara ansi IOU Dot mousd hy tornaso truvotltus uA oar" *oasdtj,mAloodL,, a an fillaf "comeo stood" byr torraso towlL.o oans ao grsoseai ' * Icosatruetlos 4rratfIC blooo"gs D Ous oAd 101oisoUG 6ooo tr arlopartatles, and lood sod aloud, of huealius Mausrauto CL4ct -~ Egs_ osusod h sos _ut poriug sod sttrn'us Ulght qoialty soroaol troonosa sotr qtul- troomd Lu LOd oooooo-isutbtoo ye .n 1flog off-ost-atotr met motto gad dspasorwo - 4 fo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0004cEt dostuct"et a' ~~~~ouMol doposit bl"k"e _or o"OV" usual in warr7 tLow-P PLed, VLo stt_ _ sifsIrer_ -ort b oeaor attos a -Fsn__-1 ou htoho -soord oa au oort tie- ttod tuto _ * uhlqa sotorod ssl dosoolt * Por off tmod watur oatdday Off a ofroo r tse ro t _ Poflemotod tutor walolog"oraa -tutr quality fltUoI- n tlo4routorog a1 vtaer ot _ ftllmt- -r-P r-t_IS y,%" pow X er,eff-wz X| * lonalalo and da*Ut- s bo C t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ipolost Lu ootorad naval bee-ogo atitud op overflowa s ~~~~~~~~~ ~~-Pt-* e rs@ esupply _u _tL so *r'd *"*e-ta_ spot w1 - truetotod.ovivwAt polluud 4ad feal ousl produced _iltdsaia rouPt ooaIiIs'iIi spots aIu 4s sosvd 0000: 050 sym-Efter eousdost olkiaoLed-sltgro onooood an uluddo fp ataNJI with dtffLuotip ru a r slit roosolos o *te ofiloaSloto taor- soaal ad tuor uroatoant t tos tuor o od Of molittod tutor dowaAer troaoost-foo Mnol poft-,d L -s" traaousnar -- boPoo -300.tutr rashLy trouomd a" i4wlwohrgod throwst poaot guto poloisr.o.olumo uwoio tL-OO flto, Increased netI freeod orodod by ralacsuto.. psflutloo la Fl'own Ioooo recvcid gape Lotaaty oftutorlaoe MP IlututLotlu "loUus uso atutr troatemot offete dGIooiaro if commentary. T…e.o~~fSTP oie-c'tt Table 17-t Characters of Impacts of STP orn Each Environment Unit Ci Envirorment ra Impactsj | No ImPact | Pos rtive | Neqdp1ve v Fvourable I AdvNe se I Slort-time | Long-time | Reversible Irreversible| l I Eftfect | Effect I Impact I JmPact I Impact Irmpact I ImPact I ImPact IWild Living things I \] I I | I I t __j_ _ _ |Extinctlon Pevil I . I I I I I . I I I ---.I-II. *-*---1 1 1 II Ilrrigatlon I I I I I I I J I I I _ . I I* I . I. _I __A I_. |Resident Moving I \/ I I I I I . I I jLand Utilization I - - I I I I I j |River Water OualltY I I NI I I 'I I I i V I i |Ground Water j - j - I-I- | - | v i i I I , , I I , . , .- ,1 INoise II_ _ ~ IaNolse_ t - ~ ~I I I I - 1--- ----f - - - i IAtmosPhere Quality I I I \/ I I 'I _ V __ IViewing uallty I I v I I \/ I I I V _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ . I I I . _ I_ .I, I _I. IEmpI oment 'W V I _ | _ | _ I I | I | I _ WllJater Source Utilizatloni | V I . | I I - |- | ____-__-_ INccordance wlth I I I I I V _ __ _ v ILocal Program I I , I ~ ~ ~~I I I I I I I I II IConstruction Stage: I I I I I I I 3|Atmosphere quallty | | _ _ / | j v _ _ _ __|_| Noise | Traffic and Safety I I I V I I I J I , I . _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ 18 Conclusion of Assessment 18.1 Feasibility Study of STP During Operation The feasibility study of the STP under operation includes the expected effects and the protective function. of the STP under both normal and abnormal operations.This STP is a systematic project with a lot of keys which are restricted by natural and artificial factors. Only if the each key item is feasible, the whole project is feasible.For this, the STP project is divided into 14 sub-items that will be the basis upon which the feasibility is studied. See Table 18-1. 18.2 Conclusion of Assessment recvcled paper ecoleo and emnirtonmlni 141 T Ie 18-l Tlhe Assessnment of the Feasibility Studs or Xlbu No I Sewage Treatment Plant of Ibshban City r- __1______- -- -- - 1 - Irlu I ltai,je or Study IFeasibillty IPotenitlal lAiterrative jFeasibilty | I I I rrOmiB Des laI IIneact I I from nssessment I g ~~~--*I- _ _. -. ... ----,.__---.---.. . .............I .I-_ I I I < I s ti l Site: uureltes * | | This diversioni works will be | I I * al | I | Ihit test.Tle STP will treat | | I * I 2 I I tIi.e l,eaviest ariA unit | I I I I * 1 Iccuiwt",,trate POl lution l o I I I sc*ercvs.So the STP wil l | | I I treat 98.x or tI In I Yes I No No | Yes I Ixila (xiur a(!o-r 62.Th P I III I It uhtauitm ol th I t . [ I I I utliivaleiet Pollutirg load. I | | I I Tl s rest or the sewage will I I I I I I 1 ti rated separatelyso I I I | | that 2km lobg covered | | It > I I .livorsion canal can be iSI III I rsliaitened.At mean time.the \Nt | | udei~~bxrk;ilpi atl4 livilia|| ( I~~~~~~co- it C0b§iois for tite STP I I | |sluvtes will be inproved. | _ | _ _ ~~~~~~~I I- - I __ I I | It Iversion by Covered Camel: I Yes. it I Problems' I| .SIlt-removing holes and I A 2 liLQ.Os .,r the sewaue from | there are I IDeposit in the covered | ventilation holes will be | I 2 I AiS drid according tunoff of I satoe I Canal must be removed. | ade. | Yes | r mnlruactes will be diverteds problems. 12.The covered canal nust 12.Sultable cross sectionor I di nut thiy flow ftuctuates 1 I be ventI lated. I covered section should be I I Ivery 'jruatly | I3-The self-cleanirn flow designed-The self-cleaningl | I | | speed should be kept I flow sPeed will be kept to | | | | I I suit the changes of the | | I I Ifl . l~~~~ ~~~~ -I I . I I I iatur Treatmtent Process Flow | Irregular waterv riased on the static tests I Yes IQialltY occurs I Ho Y Yes I 3 laut1l the irdilistrial dynamfc | occationally tbien the | | t |-st aid iii consideration oi I |ood result of I * I | the Pixr treatabi I fIt bY I | treatment can not be | | I I I ltiochomical method the I | kept. | I | 2 I I PihsUuxtt'irCiaI nu letluodwilll I I I I ~ ~~ I Ilee:sed P I I I I I I I ,~~ ~ I I I _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ __ I * ~I -I' -.-I. I,I-. I I.I I | Iegifartzewenitt of STP: I . I| I *I| Thie treattietit I roe directIon I I | I I ;' '4 1 Is thet saise as the directIon Il Yes I No NO lees j | rI o the fIow Iri tule covered I I I I I 9 1 | taiaal. arnd the diversion I I I I I - I I pirnt is as near as possible I I I ITho wl,d dliection and | I I I I I I iot:ctItoo space are I consiidered durino design of I I I tite aiareranenwnt of the I I I I I I I f rocess I ine and the I I I I I { ItIxiilar'y facilIties- I I I _ I _ . .L.........................______________________________________ t _____________________________________ L _____________________ I - , , I I nferll PlaFnriiivj: I I ckring lrroation | | The treated water is reused I Imake up water Is | | I I 5 S las water su-Arce. and the I Yes Ineeded to be added | No | Yes I n I | shortage or water in Anslan I Ito the Industrial | | In | I| wilI be !tiidted-.eaii time. | Iwater . I I | |the irrigation w'ater and | I ' I I 2 1 IP.rt or the dischanged I I | I I I I water for water and soil I I | I conservation are considered. | | I I I | IThIe quality of the treated | I I . I disciharged water wi!l reach I I I I the standard of grauP 11 of I I I I surface water excePt the | | | * CODcr ard oil bilch will I I I . itirlot reachl tthe Standard Grot'p V for surface water I '- I I | J~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~ I- iI i- I Excess polluted Wiater There ar Oance power Is ofto the TThe automactic overfall dam | | 6 i1 ;varslon: lunsarety Isewage water stops I will be Installed at the J | | The diverted water goes I factor. I flowina further. and the Ilnlet of the covered canal. | I t |thr-cMEh the covered canal I less Icovered canal Is full | The excess water will-be | Yes _ | |an.1 IS raised by the screw I fesibi land the water overflows | discharged Into Xibugou | pi | pinipfAnd the fIxed amount I / with unexpected results. | after being roughly treated. I lgoes Into the A I Power consuwt Ion will I In this way the overflow I | treatment swsteinwnwhile the | / Igreatly Increased If thel from the full canal can I I lexcess water Is discharged | lJhole water Is raised Ibe auolded. | | into Xibugoua atter being l land excess water Is | r| righly treated. | - discharged. I I I I I I I I . I. I | Volume AdJustible: I There are lAccording to the I The section of the covered | | |IThe volume of the t a t lunsatety Ihydrology analysis of Idiverslon canal will be | I 1 | structure before the Pew I factors. I Xlbugou.the tlaw changes I developed for both uses.the | Yes | I PUiPs and the volume of the I less I very obviouslYl.The Icross section area through I Icoagulatino tank after the I feasible. Ichanges aPPear like the lIwhich the water passes will | 2 I Iscrew puiiip can be used to I Isine curve.The volume Ibe Increased, and the | I Irsike adjustment. I Ito be adJusted should be Icovered canal will become | I I | |about 3lOOm .In this |open. I I * I I I Icases the STP can I | I I I loperate stabily. I | I I lManageopents,Ionitaring and I I The efPloyees maybe has I The emPloyees will be | | I 0 1 Detectin'j Systei"' I I not scIentitic Itrained well.The regulations I Yes I * I ITe specialities of the I Yes lmanagement Idea.The lot the oPeration will be * I I LeIPilovees are enougli. I Iperformance of I made. I I giI.1 tlie detecting atW | I monitoring and detecting I | l iig,iitoring means are I Is'stem Is poor. I staridardized. | I I I I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I ___ _ _ _ . I I _ _ _ _ _ _ t - -T - g~1- I I TelectImtinication and I | The adJustment. | The maintenaince | | c ' I nispatch Systeiii: I Yes I maintenaince and | and repair should | Yes | | | ~tkderrized coe,rsrtiilcation I | rePalrs can not be | be made orten. I | 0 I I isvstems and dispatch systemis I | made In time. I I I n I uWI I I be used | I I I CI 8 1 I Fom.jL.c Su ppi. Svsteint I I The power Is off I I j, I 10 I P'owerl I I be fed Into the I /es lunexPectedly. I NO | Yes I I.STP bY two Power Illes.Tlhe I I I I | c.dF*acitv or Power will be I * _i.iut I I I tI I 11 I riperating anci l.lvins IvI I lFacilities insrP I IS I |IThey are eri,oeoh to meet the | Yes | No | No I Yes rI reeds ro f'Eaity reParIng and I I ireit i re mai riteIiarce and I I epair. aikd alIso to meet the I I livir'j. . I I I I I I lreqiirements urder workina I I I I I I ILconditions. I I I I I I__ _ I _ -_ _ __ -_ I I 1 I I I I r,Priact on Environnent | I I I I | 12 Siiirroumd STP I Yes | No I No | Yes | I I fTie Imeacts of Snoke.SOa and | IUbd simell on tihe adjacent I | lareas ar-e withiln aiilxwable I | I I reuulatlofns afnd ranges.NoIse I I | 1Ihas little Impact on the I I I I Ioenvirornent. I I I I I _ _ . I J ~ ~~ I I .I .I I | SluJdge Displosee | | Noise and dust will I The transportation time I 1 13 I Tlle separated sltid'e will be I res | be caused along the I should be arranged well | | | | sent bw Lorries to lielniu- | | transportation line. lout of the rushhour. I Yes I zi| zhuaa stidge field that Is | | I I lcated to tihe southeast of I r I I t the STP.The secondary I I IpaI ltlon wli be avoIded. I * I | E*ected Effect of STPr | Flood has Intiuence N Yes a. | 'U14 Norreta I I dX of the c leaned Yes an winl lang River. o Yes 3 I | water will be feused by the :. I I enterPrIses ton mitiotare the I I I S I | stiow-tage of uater source.Anid I I 3 12'. wil I caie back Into | I I . H I I xlbuuou for water and soil I I I coriservation.Dhiring the I I I !Ilcxhl season, auecte more I I I di luted water' from the river | I IwlII be dIrIectly discitarged | | into Xibugau after beinY I I | I rohlily treated. | | | I I I ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ,- The surface water network of Anshan City consists of Taizi River. Anshan section and its 3 branches, Nansha River, Yunliang River and Yangliu River.Every day the network accepts 746600 m3 of sewage, of which 76X is the industrial sewage.Now,the 3 rivers are all polluted heavily.Of them, Yun]iang River has the heaviest pollution.The polluting sources to Yunliaang River are centralized at Xibugou. The Xibu Nol Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan City will treat 98,7% of the sewage in Xibugou.The site of the STP will be located to the West of Tailings Pit of AISC. The area occupied by it is 175000nm5. By the end of the first stage,the capacity of the STP is .~~~ 192000in/d,and finally, it will reach 220000m3 The physicochemcial treatbient method will be used. The process flow consist of flocculation settling and filtration.87.5% of the cleaned water will be reused,while 12.5% will be directly discharged into Xibugou after flocculating and settling. This project will radically eliminate the main heaviest polluting sources of Xibugou, and will largely reduce the discharge quantity of sewage and pollutants.The quality of the water in Yunliang River and Taizi River will be obviously improved. The project will have outstanding comprehensive economic results, and they will become more as the treated water quantity being increaed.At the first stage, the comprehensive economic effect of each year recvcled paper 145 ccwulo and eminenmmen will be 10 million RMB Yuan.The economic effect will be reduced during irrigation, but the project will provide remarkable social effect instead.168X10 m /d of the water tr.ated by the STP will be reused and replace the make-up water, so as to mitigate the shortage of water supply.The discharged quantity of the suspensions and oil will reduced by 75684 t/a and 1758 t/a resp @tely,which will improve the quality of the surface water and ground water and has large positive environment impact to water source protection.Becauce the project will provided the local area with cleaned water for irrigation,the quality of the grains will be improved a lot.Besides, the STP will provide the employment of 300 people. In brief, the selection of the STP site, the arrangement, the sludge disposal,and the management, and monitoring system are all considered carefully. But there still exist some unsafety factors concerning the excessive sewage water diversion and the feeding water volume adjustment.In this assessment the analysis of the problems possibly occurring during normal and abnormal operation of the STP is made, and the alternatives are drawn up.This,assessment concludes that, if the proposed project of the Xibu No 1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan City should be modified with the alternatives based on the feasibility study, the project is feasible and can obtain the effects expected in Pollution Prevention Plan. recycled paper endgbs and ntinmnwnt 146 19. Public Participation The Anshan Urban Construction and Renovation Project Office and Anshan Environmental Protection Bureau stressed in the Pollution Prevention Plan that, to eliminate the pollution of Taizi River Anshan Section, the pollution of Xibugou must be eliminated first, so that the Xibu No 1 Sewage Treatment Plant of Anshan City must be built up. To know the reflection, requirements and comments from the public community of various circles in the area on which the project will be effected, a fact-finding meeting was held, and 54 people attended the meeting. The results from the public comments are listed in Table 19-1 and 19-2. It can be seen from the- tables that all the people actively support or agree with the project.Host of them think that pollution of the water in Xibugou is very heavy,and the soil and crops irrigated by using the untreated water from Xibugou are polluted very' seriously.Therefore, the STP project will play a very important role in improving the quality of the water in Yunliang River and- Taizi River Anshan section,promote the development of industry, agriculture and fishery, save the water sources, and improve the health of the local people.The people there hope that the project should be started as soon as possible.This is a matter to be beneficial for the coming generations. recycled paper 147 e.utog% and eminonnwnt Table 19-1 Background of Public I _I , T I I INumber of Persons I Sex I nAe iEducatlon Level occuPation l Aflttending Meeting | I | IItale lFemale <25 25-.-40 >4O Middle | Istaff |TechnicIani I I I I . I .l| | School lCollege I Workerl Farmerl MemberI . . . _ _I * I. I * * * * * -1 * 54 I36 18 191 ? 28 31 23 16 20 15 I 23 Co Table 19-2 Results From Public Survey Extent of Pollution of Xlbugou I Influence of Irrigation Water IAttitude on I ' lFrom Xibugou on Crops I STP ProJect I IHeavy I Not -eavy I Large I Little I Active Support I Agreement w5th 5315 1 3 53 1 1 I 76 I 18 7 3. a a~ Annex 1 Official written reply to EIA outlines on No.1 waste water treatment plant of Anshan City To office of * Municipal construction and modernization projects of the Anshan city The EIA outlines on No.1 waste water treatment plant of Anshan city(draft on reporting for approval) sent by your office is received and the reply is as follows through study. 1. Further describe the position and role of this waste water treatment plant in the comprehensive prevention and harnessing plan of water system pollution of the Anshan city. 2.. The engineering analysis part should be substantiated.The source intensity of the pollution source deal with collection system of the waste water treatment plant should be verified correctly.The waste water transferring system should be replenished. 3. Assessment cost should be controlled within 110000 Yuan (The total Report cost should be reserved on base of 10% of Assessment cost.) 4. Remainings consent-with the contents of "Assessment outline "in principle. Environmental Protection Bureau of Liaoning Province 18 August 1992 recvcled paper 1 4 9 cclk and neirsnrmeni Annex 2 Content of references. 1. "Comprehensive prevention and harnessing plan of watex system pollution of Anshn city "(1991-2000), office of municipal construction and modomization project of Anshan city, Environmental protection Bureau. Sept.1991. 2. "Investigation and assessment of pollution sources of western water system project".Office of municipal construction and modernization projects of Anshan city;Monitoring station for environmental protection of Anshan Iron and Steel Company. May 1991. 3. Environmental Assessment Soucebook, Volume III. Guidelines for Environmental Assessment of energy and Industry Project.. 4. "Environmental impact Assessment manual in Japan"(Jap.) Compiled by Environmental assessment editorial commisssion. 5. "Report on environmental impact of expansion and modernization projects of Anshan Iron and Steel Company".Beijing Environmental Impact Assessment Corporation, May.1990. 6. "Experiment and study for cleaning of waste water of the Western channel of Anshan Iron and Steel company'. Environmental Protection Research institute under Anshn Iron and Steel Company;Xian Metallurgical building institute. 7. "Report on Environmental impact for Heniuzhuan Ash recycled vaper ' 150 criogs and roviromment Annex 3 List of the diagrams Fig 2-1 Geographical position of Anshan city, liaoning province Fig 2-2 Position of No 1 waste water treatment plant of Anshan city Fig 3-1 Sketch of hydrographic net in Anshan area Fig 3-2 Percentage of flows of each river in Anshan area Fig 3-3 Proportion of low of rivers and streams in Anshan area. Fig 3-4 Proportion of Isostandard pollution load of each River in Anshan city Fig 4-1 Arrangement of waste water treatment plant in plan Fig 4-2 Process flow of No 1 waste water treatment plant in west of Anshan Fig 4-3 Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be treated under condition with irrigation, but without rain Fig 4-4 Flow balance in section of Xibugou to be treated under condition without rain and irrigation Fig 7-1 Schematic of present pollution situation due to discharging of waste water of western channel into Yunliang river and Anshan section of Taizi rive(Analysis of present situation about monitoring values and forecasting valves in 1990) Fig 7-2 Schematic of impact of No 1 western water treatment plant in west of Anshan city after putting into operation on water of Yunliang recvcled paper 1 52 *m6p and .nwin.eni river and Anshan section of Taizi river Fig 7-3 Distribution of T.S.P concentration from boiler room in case of quiet wind in winter (stability of type D) Fig 7-4 Distribution of S02 concentration from boiler room in case of quiet wind in winter (stability of type D) Fig 7-5 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room against the WSW direction Fig 7-6 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room against the N direction Fig 7-.7 Profile of axial concentration for boiler room against the NE direction Fig 7-8 'Arrangement diagram of environmental noise monitoring and forecasting points Fig 8-1 Comprehensive economic efficiency of different reusing water amount Fig 11-1 Diagram on waste water collection system of western channel Fig 11-2 Waste water receiving zone and position of main plants,discharging the waste water, for waste7 water treatment plant Fig 11-3 Flow diagram for biological treatment process of waste water from coking plant Fig 12-1 Block diagram of set up organizations of waste water treatment plant Fig 14-1 Block diagram of waste water treatment plant operation reliability analysis Fig 15-1 Analysis of potential Impacts on waste water recvcled oaper 153 . K and un%ifnmelWn during whole'process from sewage inlet to cleaaed water outlet Fig 18-1 "Impact tree"of waste water treatment project ; recycled paper nlWzg and uninnn-... 154 Annex 4 List of the tnbles Table 3-1 Flowrates of river and percentage Table 3-2 Comprehensiv.e Analysis of Pollution Extent of. ! insha river, Yunliang river and Yangliu River Table 3-3 Comprehensive Analysis of Pollution extent of 3 streams to Yunliang River Table 3-4 Comprehensive Analysis of amounts of pollutants in Industrial sewage of Rivers an streams in Anshan city Table 4-1 Flow of Xibugou in different periods Table 4-2 Prediction of sewage discharge Amounts to Xibugou(western channel) Table 4-3 Xibugou polluted water quality,Assessment standards and Reached Standards Table 4-4 Reference valve for assessment of feasibiligy on biological treatment of industrial waste water Table 4-5 Resultant Values from Analysis under Best conditions Table 4-6 Distribution of water after treatment in waster water treatment plant Table 4-7 Water quality before and after treatment Table 4-8 Component of mud in Western channel(Xib gou) Table 6-1 Substrates of Western Channel and Yunliang river Table 6-2 Concentration of T.S.P 1S02, N02, measured in winter and summer Table 6-3 Monitoring values of evaporants from water body of western channel recvcled paves 155 rrmlogi and rnminnment Table 7-1 Prediction of waste water discharging amount and pollutant discharging amount of Yunliang river and river system in 1990-2000 Table 7-3 Influence of waste water treatment plant before and after operation on Yunliang river and Anshan section of Tanizi river Table 7-4 Equivalent pollutant load and its variation of waste water treatment plant before and after operation Table 7-5 Comparison of water quality discharging from waste water treatment plant, of river water at DataiZi section with various standard Table 7-6 Investigation and analysis of existing and proposed receiving solid waste for Heniuzhuan ash storage yard Table 7-7 Parameters of emissions for pollution sources Table 7-8 Pollution concentration value of the air pollutants at assessments points in case of differential stability under unfavorable leeward Table 7-9 Classification of offensive odour substances and comparison of odour smell with odour emitted from western channel(Xibugou) Table 7-10 Comparison of monitoring values at various points of western channel with various reference standard values Table 7-11 Monitoring date of environmental noise of day/night Table 7-12 List of main noise sources recycled paper enI,out and enIinmnent 156 Table 7-13 Forecast noise values of various forecasting sound receiving points in day/night Table 7-14 Consumption of chemicals for treatment of varying water volume Table 8-1 Treating volume of water and reusing valume of water in the varying stages and varying consumption of water Table 8-2 Total cost of water treatment in variable stages Table 8-3 Economic benefits of varying reusing volume of water in varying stages Table 8-4 Cost savings for draining of waste water in varying stages Table 8-5 Cost savings for draining in variable stages Table 8-6 Comprehensive economic benefits with varying treated volume of water in varying stages Table 10-1 Counter measures for alleviating the disfavourble environmental impact of the waste water treatment plant No 1 in western Part Table 11-1 Main pollution enterprises and their bearing percentage ranked in first five places of the 28 enterprises Table 13-1 Monitoring items of the waste water Table 17-1 Characters of impacts of waste water treatment plant on each Environment unit Table 18-1 Fearibility study of No 1 waste water treatment plant in west of Anshan city. recvclea oaper 157 cralfti and eminnnmrnt I