The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions Project Information Document/ Identification/Concept Stage (PID) Public Disclosure Copy Concept Stage | Date Prepared/Updated: 28-Apr-2021 | Report No: PIDC234749 Apr 29, 2021 Page 1 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Environmental and Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Social Risk Project Name Classification Low Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects P175400 of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions Region Country Date PID Prepared Estimated Date of Approval OTHER World 28-Apr-2021 Public Disclosure Copy Financing Instrument Borrower(s) Implementing Agency Investment Project World Resources Institute World Resources Financing (WRI) Institute (WRI) PROJECT FINANCING DATA (US$, Millions) SUMMARY -NewFin1 Total Project Cost 0.20 Total Financing 0.20 Financing Gap 0.00 DETAILS -NewFinEnh1 Non-World Bank Group Financing Trust Funds 0.20 Global Road Safety Program 0.20 B. Introduction and Context Country Context In the region, urban areas specifically are facing an exponential population growth because of migration due to the higher availability of jobs and substantially higher per capita income. Most of the urban areas in the target countries have an underfunded public transport sector. This low funding has resulted in an inadequate and low-quality public transportation network. Furthermore, insufficient and unsafe infrastructure has Apr 29, 2021 Page 2 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions resulted in rising numbers of people moving away from using active modes of transportation. This has further enhanced dependence on self-owned motorcycles and motorcycle taxies. Besides driving economic growth by providing low-cost access to employment, education, and healthcare, motorcycles in Sub-Saharan Africa are also increasingly being used for the delivery of essential goods and services. The soaring numbers of motorcycles are resulting in a higher number of motorcycle crashes and more fatalities not only for both the motorcyclist and pillion passenger but also for pedestrians. The unprecedented growth in fatalities and injuries is due to a lack of safer road infrastructure for motorcyclists and other road users, along with inadequate road behavior awareness. For example, Kenya has recorded a 28.4% growth in fatalities and 47.2% higher serious injuries to motorcyclists in the beginning of 2020, in comparison with a corresponding period in 2019. Similar conditions prevail in the other countries being considered for this study. We also know that crashes involving PTWs Public Disclosure Copy (Powered Two Wheelers) are substantially underreported, as stated by transport ministries in Ghana and Uganda. According to UNECE, traffic fatalities in Uganda were 25.9% higher in 2016 than a decade ago. WHO estimated the crash fatality rate of Uganda to be 29 per 100,000 population in 2018- the highest in East Africa. The unprecedented growth in fatalities and injuries is due to lack of safer road infrastructure for motorcyclists and other road users, along with inadequate road behavior awareness. Stemming further growth of severe crashes involving motorcycles, and then lowering crash rates will be a significant challenge in the region and this effort is hampered by significant gaps in knowledge and data. Sectoral and Institutional Context Global Road Safety Facility competitively awarded through the Call for Proposals FY20 the proposed study which aims to reduce road traffic deaths and serious injuries through improvements in the knowledge of the project stakeholders and the standard of road safety engineering. This small research and capacity building (ASA/study-type) activity will be carried out by World Resources Institute (WRI) with partner organization - Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety (CSCRS). The World Resources Institute (WRI) is a global research non-profit organization that is working to save lives using a robust, multidisciplinary approach to prevent unnecessary deaths and suffering. Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety (CSCRS) is a National University Transportation Center supporting the FAST Act research priority of promoting safety. Apr 29, 2021 Page 3 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions Relationship to CPF This is a small grant funded activity supporting road safety in African context and as such is in line with CPFs of all African countries. C. Project Development Objective(s) Proposed Development Objective(s) The overall objective is to provide evidence-based recommendations for improving roadway infrastructure design and operations in cities in LMICs in Sub-Saharan Africa to better address safety of motorcycles. Public Disclosure Copy Key Results  The paper will provide a replicable methodology to study the relationship between infrastructure and motorcycle safety in other African countries.  The results will directly assist the target audience in improving motorcycle safety, while simultaneously accounting for the safety of other road users based on Safe System principles, through informed actions and empirically proven solutions. The intended audience for this publication includes municipal transport engineers, urban planners and public policy professionals at all levels of government, and Development Agencies/Banks involved in decision making. In short, the audience will be the one who can directly impact the design and operation of roadway infrastructure design in areas undergoing urbanization. D. Preliminary Description Activities/Components The research project will involve two parts. 1．The first part will involve a literature review of previous research on motorcycle safety in low- and middle-income countries focusing on the region, and an overview of how recent policies and government actions in the selected region have affected motorcycles. We will aim to find data from 2-3 cities. 2．The second part will investigate the link between the variation in road infrastructure and the occurrence of motorcycle crashes. Specifically sought will be geocoded crash data collected for a period of at least three years to account for possible regression-to-the-mean bias in our crash estimates. These will be obtained from national/state/city transport department or private fleet operators. These data will be combined with built environment data will be retrieved from a combination of sources (including city agencies and Google Street View tools for retrieving street geometry attributes). The resulting analysis will aim to be conducted for two Apr 29, 2021 Page 4 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions selected cities (Accra and Nairobi), with a focus on the city with the strongest available datasets- particularly good quality geocoded crash data. If data from one of the cities is not of sufficient quality a reduced scope of analysis will be carried out. If data is unavailable or of poor quality, model specifications from those areas where we have adequate crash data could be used to derive estimates of crashes for those areas that do not have adequate data. The databases will be analyzed to identify relationships between motorcycle crash incidence and the built environment. This analysis will include the development of crash concentration maps and motorcycle crash zones, both in terms of total crashes and KSI crashes. Our analysis will be carried out at the corridor level in order to understand how the built environment influences crash frequency. This is based on similar previous work we have carried out in Latin America and data availability The effects of elements like lane widths, the number of lanes, proximity to midblock and intersections, Public Disclosure Copy pavement condition, median and pavement types, and speed calming measures will be specifically examined. This part will also include a comparative analysis of different motorcycle safety solutions in the region. On completion of the project the possibility of developing peer reviewed research papers or a design guide. of road safety data across cities being studied will be explored. A final report will document these efforts and will provide concrete policy and design recommendations for scaling the implementation of effective motorcycle safety measures in Sub-Saharan African countries. Environmental and Social Standards Relevance E. Relevant Standards ESS Standards Relevance Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social ESS 1 Relevant Risks and Impacts ESS 10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure Relevant ESS 2 Labor and Working Conditions Relevant Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and ESS 3 Not Currently Relevant Management ESS 4 Community Health and Safety Relevant Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary ESS 5 Not Currently Relevant Resettlement Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of ESS 6 Not Currently Relevant Living Natural Resources Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically ESS 7 Relevant Underserved Traditional Local Communities Apr 29, 2021 Page 5 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions ESS 8 Cultural Heritage Not Currently Relevant ESS 9 Financial Intermediaries Not Currently Relevant Legal Operational Policies Safeguard Policies Triggered Explanation (Optional) Projects on International Waterways OP No 7.50 Projects in Disputed Areas OP 7.60 No Summary of Screening of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts The environmental and social risks are assessed to be low for this project. The potential environmental and social risks and impacts are likely to be negligible, because the project activities will focus on research and dissemination of results and there will be no civil works. The project will have positive environmental and Public Disclosure Copy social impacts that will include: (i) suggesting recommendations to policy makers that will contribute to improved road safety and road safety infrastructure, (ii) use of appropriate safety gear for motorcycle users in the region, and (iii) contributing to knowledge around safe systems for motorcycle users which is a key means of transport for many people in sub-Saharan Africa. CONTACT POINT World Bank Monjurul Hoque Mohammod Arif Contact : Title : Transport Specialist Uddin Telephone No : Email : Contact : Maria Catalina Ochoa Sepulveda Title : Senior Urban Transport Specia Telephone No : 5355+3218 Email : Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower : World Resources Institute (WRI) Contact : Claudia Adriazola-Steil Title : Deputy Director Telephone No : 2027297728 Email : Claudia.Adriazola@wri.org Contact : Iman Abubaker Title : Health And Road Safety Project Coordinator Telephone No : 2027297728 Email : lman.Abubaker@wri.org Contact : Tolga Imamoglu Title : Transport & Road Safety Manager Telephone No : 905398826481 Email : tolga.imamoglu@wri.org Implementing Agencies Apr 29, 2021 Page 6 of 7 The World Bank Motorcycle Safety by Design in African Countries: Effects of Built infrastructure on the Frequency of Motorcycle Collisions Implementing World Resources Institute (WRI) Agency : Contact : Claudia Adriazola-Steil Title : Deputy Director Telephone No : 2027297728 Email : Claudia.Adriazola@wri.org Contact : Iman Abubaker Title : Health And Road Safety Project Coordinator Telephone No : 2027297728 Email : Iman.Abubaker@wri.org Contact : Tolga Imamoglu Title : Transport & Road Safety Manager Telephone No : 905398826481 Email : tolga.imamoglu@wri.org FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank Public Disclosure Copy 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects Apr 29, 2021 Page 7 of 7