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Page 1 
 
REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN 
Ministry of Energy and Industry 
 
Energy Emergency Recovery Assistance Project 
 
E
NVIRONMENTAL 
M
ANAGEMENT 
P
LAN
 
CONTENTS 
 
A) 
General Project Information 
 
B) Safeguards 
Information 
 
C) 
General Measures for Construction Works 
 
D) 
Additional Environmental Management Measures  
 
E) Monitoring 
Plan 
 
E2386
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Page 2 
 
A: GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION 
Background 
 
The electricity sector in Tajikistan accounts for about 5 percent of GDP, and electricity is the 
most important input for the two most exported commodities 
–
aluminum and cotton. Tajikistan's 
power generation is in the order of 44 GWh per day, with peak production in the summer 
(average 60 GWh per day) which drops down to 37 GWh/day in the Jan-Mar (low water flow 
period).  The hydroelectric plant at Nurek dam accounts for some three quarters of total power 
generation, but given the cascading structure of the Vaksh river-based hydroelectric power 
installations, the water level of Nurek influences de facto more than 90 percent of the country's 
power generation. A rather dilapidated thermal plant in Dushanbe accounts for the remainder but 
operates on a shoestring by cannibalizing parts from a second old plant at Yavan.  As regards 
consumption, TALCO, the aluminum smelter consumes up to 40 percent of total supplies; and 
households about 30 percent. 
 
In winter 2007/08 Tajikistan experienced a severe energy crisis, brought on by one of the 
harshest winters in 40 years.  The sources of energy are insufficient to meet the winter demand, 
and due to bad weather conditions in the region, the neighbors were unable to increase electricity 
exports to Tajikistan. Most of the country outside Dushanbe has had severe supply constraints, 
with about 1-3 hours of supply per day.  The current situation has evolved into a humanitarian 
crisis, with dramatic impact on the living conditions of the population.  It has also resulted in 
significant economic costs for the country. 
 
The Nurek reservoir has seen a dramatic drop in its water levels, and, at the moment, the water 
has reached the dead zone level (the critical level that maintains a sufficient head to run the 
turbines), and the HPP is gravely exposed to the risk of shutdown at any time now.  In addition, 
severe shortages of gas have developed because of supply cuts from the main supplier (97 
percent of gas) Uzbekistan, due to accumulated payment arrears and shortages in Uzbekistan 
itself.  Shutting down  power supply to TALCO in order to assure some supplies to the 
population would in turn lead to losses per month in the order of 0.5 to 0.7 percent of GDP. A 
cessation of Nurek operations would put the entire country into a black-out situation, with 
consequent impacts in water supply systems which are dependent on electricity.   
 
It is expected that electricity supply may not be fully restored until mid-April when the spring 
thaw will refill the reservoir to sufficient levels to resume reservoir-mode generation. 
 
Project Objective 
The objective of the Project is to increase the volume and reliability of the national energy 
supply, especially in the winter season, by supporting the implementation of the Recipient’s 
Energy Emergency Mitigation Action Plan (EEMAP).  
This objective will be realized through: increasing, to the extent possible, thermal and heat 
energy supply from existing assets in the shortest possible timeframe and initiating institutional 
and technical measures to increase the amount and reliability of energy supplied to the 
population during the next two winter seasons.  The Bank will also continue to provide technical 
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and policy advice as needed, including to help the Government manage priority needs to enable 
better reservoir management at Nurek reservoir to avoid similar crises in the future.  
 
Crisis Recovery Strategy 
 
The Government of Republic of Tajikistan (GoRT) has recognized the emergency and has acted 
swiftly to formulate, an Energy Emergency Mitigation Action Plan (EEMAP) for addressing this 
emergency. The Bank and UNDP (on the energy sector and humanitarian aspects respectively) 
have provided assistance in the formulation of this EEMAP. This Action Plan, in summary, calls 
for: 
 
(i) 
Limiting the water withdrawals at Nurek reservoir in the beginning of winter. With the 
levels falling below the dead zone elevation in winter 2008 this is action is very crucial. 
Withdrawals from Nurek reservoir have to be economized (by substituting for electricity 
used for heating) so it does not reach the dead zone level until March, when water 
inflows increase and demand on the system decreases due to warmer weather.  
(ii) 
In complement to reduced water releases from Nurek, the actions are to: (a) increase 
thermal capacity and reduce heating load on electricity; (b) increase gas imports; (c) 
electricity imports; (d) purchase of fuel oil for use when gas supply decreases (and for 
some heat generation in heat only boilers); (e) increase supply of the rural population and 
those urban population who live in individual houses with domestic coal; and (f) 
purchase electricity and gas grid equipment; and 
(iii)  Management of the consumption in a responsible way 
–
the priority would be given to 
population, social infrastructure and TALCO (Aluminum smelter) in that order. 
 
Measures for increasing energy security over the medium and long term which would help with 
reducing deficits overall, even during winter times. These comprise, at the moment, mainly 
studies and assessments, which would also identify the financing plans for these measures. 
 
Medium term measures include, but not limited to, the conduct of a Nurek HPP Rehabilitation 
Feasibility Study with the aim to attract IFI financing to complete full rehabilitation of this 
important hydro-generation facility, which, will, 
inter alia
,
both boost the electricity production 
by 5-15% and substantially increase the plant’s reliability level. Other measures include a wide 
spectrum of studies to bring Turkmenistan gas via Afghanistan, rehabilitation of gas trunk and 
distribution pipelines, installation of a SCADA system for the transmission grid, realization of 
alternative energy program with the main focus on small hydro and realization of a program of 
exploration as well as promotion of hydrocarbon exploration, especially gas, in the country. 
 
Longer term measures would encompass working on expansion of Tajikistan’s generation 
capability, with the main focus given on Rogun Hydroelectricity Project (3600 MW facility 
upstream of Nurek HPP) and acceleration of work on a 1500 MW coal-fired thermal power plant 
project in Northern Tajikistan 
 
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Page 4 
 
Project Description 
The Project consists of the following activities:
 
Part A
.
Rehabilitation of the Electricity, Gas and Heat Systems
1.  
Installation of an odorizing system to detect gas leaks in the gas network;  
2. 
Rehabilitation of the gas transmission system;  
3. 
Rehabilitation of the electrical transmission system; 
4. 
Provision of low sulfur residual fuel oil to the Dushanbe combined heat and power plant;  
5. 
Rehabilitation of heat-supply systems in Khujand city at the Northern Tajikistan; and  
6. 
Restoration of a coal-based heat-supply systems at selected settlements of the Southern 
Tajikistan. 
Part B
.
Project Management and Capacity-Building
Strengthening the Recipient’s capacity for project management, monitoring and evaluation, 
including procurement, disbursement and financial management activities. 
 
All environmental measures presented in this EMP relate exclusively to the activities described 
under Part A of this project. 
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B: SAFEGUARDS INFORMATION 
General Environmental for Construction Works 
 
Table 1 immediately below lists general, unspecific environmental management issues which are 
required for any type of routine construction activity. The ones foreseen for this project are 
checked as “yes” in the “status” column, which subsequently triggers the measures specified in 
Table 2 further below. The measures in Table 2 relate mainly to “good housekeeping practices” 
on construction sites and will be introduced as standard section into the technical specifications 
for construction contracts. Table 2 is intended to offer simple, pragmatic guidance to contractors 
with limited experience in implementing international good practice. These simple to follow 
instructions will improve environmental compliance in the best way possible under the low 
environmental baseline currently encountered in TJ. 
 
The implementation of the measures described in this EMP will be part of the construction 
contracts and checked and enforced by a dedicated responsible person from the PMU. In case of 
non-compliance of a contractor with the environmental measures prescribed by this EMP the 
PMU will contractually reserve the right to withhold payments and impose fines, until the issue 
is rectified to the Clients satisfaction. 
 
Table 1: Issues triggered for project’s construction activities 
 
ENVIRONMENTAL /SOCIAL SCREENING 
Activity/Issue Status 
Triggered 
Actions 
A. 
 Building rehabilitation  
[
X
]
Yes  [ ] No 
See Section  
A
below 
B. 
 New construction 
[ ] Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
A
below 
C. 
 Individual wastewater treatment system 
[ ] Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
B
below 
D. 
 Historic building(s) and districts 
[ ] Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
C
below 
E. 
 Acquisition of land
1
[
]
Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
D
below 
F. 
Hazardous or toxic materials
2
[
X
]
Yes  [ ] No 
See Section  
E
below 
G. 
Impacts on forests and/or protected areas 
[ ] Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
F
below 
H. 
Handling / management of medical waste 
[ ] Yes  [
X
]
No 
See Section  
G
below 
Will the site 
activity 
include/involve 
any of the 
following? 
I. 
Traffic and Pedestrian Safety 
[
X
]
Yes  [ ] No 
See Section  
H
below 
Specific Environmental Issues Expected During Project Implementation 
 
The Project’s 
Environmental Category has been set as 
“B”
 (Limited Assessment), as any 
impacts on the environment are foreseen to be limited, localized and temporary. The works 
involve routine civil, mechanical and electrical rehabilitation, applying exclusively to existing 
structures.  
1
Land acquisitions includes displacement of people, change of livelihood encroachment on private property this is 
to  land that is purchased/transferred and affects people who are living and/or squatters and/or operate a business 
(kiosks) on land that is being acquired.  
2
Toxic / hazardous material includes but is not limited to asbestos, toxic paints, noxious solvents, removal of lead 
paint, etc. 
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By ensuring that the energy supply system does not collapse, the proposed project will actually 
have positive impacts by avoiding emissions from improvised individual multi-fuel stoves and 
degradation of natural resources (cutting forests and trees for energy needs).  
 
Under the project civil and installation works are planned, such as rehabilitation of gas pipelines, 
water pipelines for district heating, electrical power grid and heat-only boilers (repair of water 
distribution system which was severely damaged due to electricity breakdown and freezing of 
pipes last winter). No new installations are foreseen and the environmental impacts will be 
minor, temporary, localized and restricted to the sites of existing energy infrastructure. 
 
The key environmental issues are expected to relate to construction waste management. For the 
case of the generation of potentially problematic waste types (e.g. asbestos containing isolations, 
gas condensates from pipelines, cables) clear instructions will be issued to contractors to separate 
these waste types, safely store them and arrange a final disposal according to best practice 
available in Tajikistan. 
 
The 
combined heat power plant in Dushanbe
 will receive 1.5 Mill USD worth of LF-RFO 
(low sulfur residual fuel oil
,
also termed “mazut”) as emergency energy reserve. The facility was 
visited by the project team in May 2008. The plant has existing facilities for unloading of LS-
RFO (by liquefaction with steam and gravity release from the tank wagons), for separation of 
fuel and water, and treatment of the separated water before release into the canalization. The 
facility has an operational license and an environmental permit. The emergency use of LS RFO 
would be limited to periods of one or two days during breakdown of gas supply (as experienced 
2007/08) and, compared to the cleaner fuel natural gas, cause some additional emissions. 
However, the relative impacts are likely to be very small. 
 
The following sections outline, in a tabular form, the specific mitigation measures to be taken for 
the expected project activities. Under the activities individual “parameters” are defined, which 
will trigger specific management action, resulting in prevention or mitigation measures. 
 
To 
ensure proper implementation of and compliance with this EMP
 a dedicated responsible 
person has been nominated in the PMU, Mr. Ehson Mamajonov. He has the duty to supervise all 
activities under the pretext of environmental authority and the right to trigger contractually 
agreed fines and withhold payments to contractors in case of serious non-compliance.  
 
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Page  8
8
P
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Page  9
9
P
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