LED BY SUPPORTED BY A Global Partnership on Wildlife Conservation and Crime Prevention for Sustainable Development Supported by Led by In partnership with © 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202–473–1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. 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Editor: Alex Behr Designer: Will Kemp, World Bank Group Cover photos (from top, clockwise): Sayeed Farhad Zalmai/UNDP, Colleen M Begg/Niassa Carnivore Project, naturepl.com/Anup Shah/WWF, GWP Malawi Team, Milosk50/Shutterstock. | ii    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 CONTENTS Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Abbreviations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Section 1: Global Wildlife Program Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Report Outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Section 2: GWP’s Key Achievements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Section 3: Global Coordination Project Progress.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Component 1: Coordination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Component 2: Strengthen Partnerships.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Component 3: Knowledge Management and Communications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Component 4: Monitoring and Evaluation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Next Phase of GWP Global Coordination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Section 4: Progress and Achievements of GEF-6 National Projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Section 5: Introduction to GEF-7 National Projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Section 6: Challenges, Adaptive Management, and Lessons Learned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Appendix A: Status of Project Outcomes of the Global Coordination Grant (GEF-6). . . . . . . 113 Appendix B: GWP Webinars and Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Appendix C: GWP Team.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Lugenda River, Mozambique FOREWORD The diversity of life that keeps this planet in balance is ever-changing but over the past few decades, it has become increasingly threatened. Habitat fragmentation and wildlife crime are decimating wildlife populations. Poaching, trafficking, and demand for wildlife are undermining conservation and jeopardizing efforts to develop economic opportunities for communities that live around protected areas. In 2020, the conflicts and interdependencies between human and natural systems were further highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbating threats to biodiversity and creating a need to creatively adapt conservation approaches and build-in resilience. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) in 2015, during the sixth GEF replenishment cycle, responded to the international call for action to combat illegal wildlife trade by launching the Global Wildlife Program (GWP), a global partnership on wildlife conservation and crime prevention for sustainable development. The World Bank was selected as the lead agency to coordinate the national projects in the program and to promote knowledge sharing and collaboration among GEF implementing agencies, national executing partners, and conservation organizations. Following its expansion during the seventh GEF replenishment cycle, the GWP comprises 37 national projects across 32 countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean with an investment of $230 million in GEF financing and $1.3 billion in co-financing, making it one of the largest GEF programmatic investments in biodiversity conservation. The GWP national projects aim to prevent the extinction of known threatened species and promote wildlife-based economies so that local communities benefit from and are partners in wildlife conservation. The global coordination grant aims to promote knowledge management and peer-to- peer learning to enhance the site level interventions and promote partnerships that scale up impact. By integrating the national level efforts with the global level partnerships, the program achieves greater impact than if projects worked independently. This report provides an overview of the GWP approach to addressing the drivers of wildlife population decline and showcases the breadth and depth of activities implemented by the GWP projects at the global, regional, and national levels. It features the analytical work paving the way for global dialogue on wildlife conservation and shares useful resources and lessons learned from across the GWP. The GWP highlights the many ways in which wildlife is important to people and countries whether that be culturally, socially, ecologically, or economically. In Latin America, where the jaguar is a symbol of national and cultural identity for many communities and revered among many indigenous populations, the GWP projects are promoting human-jaguar coexistence and exploring ways to improve ecological connectivity between jaguar habitats. In Asia, where the tiger and the Asian elephant are keystone and umbrella species whose conservation enables the protection of forests and rivers and underpins vital ecosystem services, GWP projects are improving planning and governance for integrated landscape management, along with strengthening law enforcement and actions to reduce demand for illegal wildlife products. In Africa, where wildlife-based tourism represents over one-third of travel and tourism revenue and wildlife contributes significantly to poverty reduction, GWP projects are strengthening anti-poaching measures at critical sites and enabling community-based natural resource management to improve sustainable livelihood options. FOREWORD   |   v The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted projects and countries in their efforts to promote conservation and sustainable development. The role of the animal-human interface in zoonotic disease transmission renewed global attention on illegal wildlife trade and its impacts on human health. There have been wide-ranging adverse impacts on the global economy, poverty, community livelihoods, and conservation. Specifically, protected area budgets that were already suffering from funding shortages now have to also cope from the collapse of the tourism industry which contributed the majority of conservation revenues. GWP projects had to adapt to the changing circumstances as travel restrictions and national lockdowns delayed the delivery of project activities and new threats put at risk the achievement of project outcomes. Experiences and lessons from responding to COVID- 19 are discussed in detail in this report and provide useful accounts of the situation on the ground. As efforts to recover commence and continue, countries will need stronger collaboration and guidance to stay on track and achieve sustainable development goals. Regional and global cooperation, partnerships with the private sector and civil society, uptake of new innovations and technology, and an emphasis on inclusive recovery strategies will be essential. The GWP recognizes the value of wildlife as a natural and economic asset in rebuilding our future and we are committed as a global partnership that conserves wildlife and critical habitats, combats wildlife crime, promotes wildlife-based economies, and contributes to socioeconomic recovery to move forward together. We are thankful to our partners for the leadership and perseverance shown in these times and look forward to continued collaboration Gustavo Fonseca, Director of Programs, Karin Kemper, Global Director, Environment, Global Environment Facility Natural Resources and Blue Economy, World Bank | vi    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank METT Management Effectiveness AML Anti-Money Laundering Tracking Tool CBNRM Community-Based Natural M&E Monitoring and Evaluation Resource Management NBT Nature-Based Tourism CI Conservation International NFTP Non-Forest Timber Product CITES Convention on International Trade NGO Nongovernmental Organization in Endangered Species Of Wild PA Protected Area Fauna And Flora PIR Project Implementation Review COP Community of Practice PMU Project Management Unit GEF Global Environment Facility PPG Project Preparation Grant GWP Global Wildlife Program PPP Public-Private Partnership HWC Human-Wildlife Conflict PSC Program Steering Committee KM Knowledge Management SDG Sustainable Development Goal ICCWC International Consortium on UNDP United Nations Development Combating Wildlife Crime Programme IEO Independent Evaluation Office UNEP United Nations Environment ILM Integrated Landscape Programme Management UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs ISR Implementation Status and Results and Crime Report USAID United States Agency for IMO International Maritime Organization International Development INTERPOL International Criminal Police WBE Wildlife-Based Economy Organization WCS Wildlife Conservation Society IUCN International Union for WCO World Customs Organization Conservation of Nature WWF World Wildlife Fund IWT Illegal Wildlife Trade ABBREVIATIONS   |  vii © Jake Sorensen. | viii    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 1 GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM OVERVIEW The Global Wildlife Program (GWP) is a partnership of 32 countries, international and national organizations, and local partners working collaboratively to conserve wildlife and promote wildlife-based economies. The GWP addresses growing threats to wildlife and sustainable development, such as poaching, wildlife trafficking, human-wildlife conflict (HWC), and insufficient sustainable livelihoods opportunities for local communities. Funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) with an investment of $230 million, and leveraging $1.3 billion in co-financing, the GWP includes 37 national projects across Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean and a global grant that supports knowledge exchange and learning. The GWP projects cover globally significant ecosystems and major biomes, and collectively aims to improve management of 55 million hectares (including over 150 protected areas) and conserve a range of species, including many flagship species threatened by illegal wildlife trade (IWT). These include African elephants, rhinos, pangolins, jaguars, tigers, snow leopards, and great apes, and endemic species such as Borneo orangutans, Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees, and South African abalones. SECTION 1: GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM OVERVIEW   |   1 Operationally, the GWP includes two phases. Phase I launched in June 2015 with a grant of $131 million from the GEF’s sixth replenishment period (GEF-6) and consisted of 20 projects across 19 countries in Asia and Africa (see section 4 for project descriptions). This also included a $7 million GWP GEF-6 global coordination grant, comprising a $5 million grant led by the World Bank on knowledge management and coordination, and a $2 million grant led by the United Nations MAP 1.1  Countries in the GWP PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 1 AND PHASE 2 INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Ukraine France Italy Bulgaria Black Sea Georgia Ca Azer- spi United States Spain Albania Armenia baijan an Portugal Turkey Turkmen Sea Greece Malta Cyprus Syrian Tunisia Mediterranean Sea Lebanon A. R. Islamic Rep. AT L A N T I C Israel Iraq of Iran Morocco Pilibhit Dudhwa NP Parkk National Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary West Bank and Gaza Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary Jordan Sariska National Bhatartpur Park Park National Manas Tiger Reserve Ranthambhore National Park Algeria Kuwait OCEAN Gulf of Mexico Gir National Park Libya Arab Rep. Bahrain Western of Egypt Qatar Mexico Sahara Saudi Cuba Arabia U. A. E. Belize Cabo Mauritania Verde Mali Portobelo Chagres Nargana National National Wildlife Park Area Park Protected Soberania National Park Honduras Darien National Park Guatemala Caribbean Niger Eritrea Rep. of Senegal Chad Sudan Nicaragua Sea Yemen The Gambia Burkina Panama Guinea-Bissau Faso Djibouti Guinea Benin Costa Rica R. B. de Guyana Nigeria Suriname Luama-Katanga Sierra Leone Côte Ghana South Ethiopia Venezuela Central Colombia Fr. Guiana (Fr.) d’Ivoire Sudan Liberia African Rep. Somalia Togo Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Uganda Kenya Rep. of Iona; Luengue-Luiana Bwabwata National Park São Tomé and Príncipe Gabon Congo Ecuador Etosha National Park Anjozorobe Angavo Dem. Rep. Rwanda of Congo Seychelles Limpopo TFCA Kruger National Park Ifotaka Behara-Tranomaro Burundi Mpumalanga Tanzania Lubombo TFCA Gauteng North West iSimangaliso Wetland Parkk KwaZulu-Natal Brazil Peru ATLANTIC Comoros Angola Zambia Malawi OCEAN Bolivia PA C I F I C Zimbabwe Mozambique Namibia Madagascar Botswana OCEAN Chile Paraguay Eswatini South Africa Lesotho Argentina Uruguay Note: This map was produced by the Cartography Unit of the World Bank Group. The boundaries, colors, denominations and any other information shown on this map do not imply, on the part of the World Bank Group, any judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. | 2    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Development Programme (UNDP) on maritime trafficking of wildlife. In June 2019, the GEF Council formally approved the second phase of the GWP under the GEF-7 replenishment with a $98 million grant across 17 additional projects, expanding the program to an additional 13 countries (see section 5 for project descriptions). See map 1.1. Phase II includes a $9 million global coordination grant led by the World Bank. The information on the countries in the GWP is provided in table 1.1. Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Kyrgyz Rep. nistan Tajikistan Rep. of Korea Japan China Afghanistan Pakistan Bhutan Nepal India Myanmar Lao Oman Bangladesh P.D.R. PA C I F I C Philippine Vietnam Bay of Bengal Thailand Sea OCEAN Arabian Sea Cambodia Philippines Sri Brunei Lanka Darussalam Palau Maldives Malaysia Singapore Indonesia Papua New Guinea I N D I A N O CE A N Timor-Leste Mauritius Australia Source: World Bank. SECTION 1: GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM OVERVIEW   |   3 | TABLE 1.1  List of GWP National Projects1 Total grant amount GEF implementing Country Project GEF phase (US$, millions) agency Executing partner(s) Afghanistan Conservation of Snow Leopards and Their Critical Ecosystem in GEF-6 2.9 UNDP WCS; National Environment Protection Agency; Ministry of Afghanistan Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock Angola Strengthen Management and Climate Change Resilience in GEF-7 14.8 CI Angola National Institute for Biodiversity and Protected Areas Angola’s Conservation Areas for Sustainable Development Belize Enhancing Jaguar Corridors and Strongholds Through Improved GEF-7 1.2 UNDP Ministry of Sustainable Development, Climate Change and Management and Threat Reduction Disaster Risk Management, Forest Department Bhutan Mainstreaming Biodiversity Conservation into the Tourism Sector GEF-7 4.9 UNDP Tourism Council of Bhutan in Bhutan Botswana Managing the Human-Wildlife Interface to Sustain the Flow of GEF-6 6.0 UNDP Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources Conservation and Agro-Ecosystem Services and Prevent Illegal Wildlife Trafficking Tourism; Ministry of Agriculture; Kgalagadi/Ghanzi Councils in the Kgalagadi and Ghanzi Drylands Cambodia Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Project GEF-7 4.4 World Bank Ministry of Environment Cameroon Integrated and Transboundary Conservation of Biodiversity in the GEF-6 3.9 UNDP Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife Basins of Cameroon Chad Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (ALBIÄ) GEF-7 4.5 World Bank Ministry of Environment and Fisheries 4    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Congo, Dem. Rep. Kabobo-Luama Protected Area Landscape Management GEF-7 3.7 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development; WCS; Congolese Institute for the Conservation of Nature Congo, Rep. Strengthening the Management of Wildlife and Improving GEF-6 6.5 World Bank Ministry of Forest Economy Livelihoods in Northern Republic of Congo Ecuador Integrating Landscape Considerations in Wildlife Conservation, GEF-7 1.8 UNDP WCS with Emphasis on Jaguars Ethiopia Enhanced Management and Enforcement of Ethiopia’s Protected GEF-6 7.3 UNDP Environment, Forest and Climate Change Commission; Ethiopia Area Estate Wildlife Conservation Authority; Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute Gabon Wildlife and Human-Elephant Conflict Management GEF-6 9.1 World Bank National Agency of National Parks; General Directorate of Wildlife and the Protection of Nature India Securing Livelihoods, Conservation, Sustainable Use and GEF-6 11.5 UNDP Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Restoration of High Range Himalayan Ecosystems (SECURE) Himalayas India Strengthening Conservation and Resilience of Globally Significant GEF-7 4.5 UNDP/WWF Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change Wild Cat Landscapes Through a Focus on Small Cat and Leopard Conservation Indonesia Combating Illegal and Unsustainable Trade in Endangered GEF-6 7.0 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Directorate General of Law Species in Indonesia Enforcement on Environment and Forestry) 1 The GWP project Integrated and Transboundary Conservation of Biodiversity in the Basins of the Republic of Congo was closed by the UNDP Administrator in November 2020 and is therefore not shown in this table. Total grant amount GEF implementing Country Project GEF phase (US$, millions) agency Executing partner(s) Indonesia Catalyzing Optimum Management of Natural Heritage for GEF-7 6.3 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Forests, Directorate General of Sustainability of Ecosystem, Resources and Viability of Natural Resources Conservation and Ecosystem Endangered Wildlife Species (CONSERVE) Kenya Combating Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trafficking in Kenya GEF-6 3.8 UNDP Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife through an Integrated Approach Madagascar Sustainable Management of Conservation Areas and Improved GEF-7 6.3 UNEP Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development Livelihoods to Combat Wildlife Trafficking in Madagascar Malawi Lower Shire Valley Landscape Project, part of the Shire Valley GEF-6 5.6 World Bank Ministry of Natural Resources, Energy, and Mining; Ministry of Transformation Program I Agriculture, Irrigation, and Water Development; African Parks Network Mali Community-Based Natural Resource Management that Resolves GEF-6 4.1 UNDP Ministry of the Environment, Sanitation, and Sustainable Conflict, Improves Livelihoods, and Restores Ecosystems Development; Mali Elephant Project throughout the Elephant Range Malaysia Building Institutional and Local Capacities to Reduce Wildlife GEF-7 7.1 UNDP Ministry of Water, Land and Natural Resources Crime and Enhance Protection of Iconic Wildlife in Malaysia Mozambique Strengthening the Conservation of Globally Threatened Species GEF-6 15.8 UNDP National Agency for Conservation Areas; Gorongosa Restoration in Mozambique through Improving Biodiversity Enforcement and Project; and WCS Expanding Community Conservancies around Protected Areas Namibia Integrated Approach to Proactive Management of Human-Wildlife GEF-7 6.2 UNDP Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism Conflict and Wildlife Crime in Hotspot Landscapes in Namibia Nigeria Improved Management Effectiveness of Gashaka-Gumti and GEF-7 3.5 UNDP Ministry of Environment Yankari Protected Areas to Conserve Threatened Wildlife Species, Build a Wildlife Economy, and Enhance Community Benefits Pakistan Strengthening Governance and Capacity for Combating Illegal GEF-7 2.7 IUCN Ministry of Climate Change; WWF; IUCN; provincial wildlife Wildlife Trade in Pakistan departments Panama Conservation of Wildcats and Prey Species Through Public- GEF-7 1.8 UNEP Ministry of Environment; Yaguará Panamá Foundation Private Partnerships and Human-Jaguar Conflict Management in Panama Philippines Combating Environmental Organized Crime in the Philippines GEF-6 1.8 ADB Biodiversity Management Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources South Africa Strengthening Institutions, Information Management, and GEF-6 4.9 UNEP Department of Environment, Forests, and Fisheries Monitoring to Reduce the Rate of Illegal Wildlife Trade in South Africa SECTION 1: GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM OVERVIEW   |   5 | Total grant amount GEF implementing Country Project GEF phase (US$, millions) agency Executing partner(s) South Africa Catalyzing Financing and Capacity for the Biodiversity Economy GEF-7 13.4 UNEP/World Bank Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries; South around Protected Areas African National Biodiversity Institute; National Prosecuting Authority; South African National Parks; iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority South Africa Reducing Human Wildlife Conflict Through an Evidence-Based GEF-7 3.4 UNEP Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries and Integrated Approach in Southern Africa Tanzania Combating Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trade in Tanzania GEF-6 5.6 UNDP Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Wildlife Division through an Integrated Approach Thailand Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade, focusing on Ivory, Rhino Horn, GEF-6 4.0 UNDP Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation; Tiger and Pangolins in Thailand Royal Thai Police; IUCN; TRAFFIC; TRACE Vietnam Strengthening Partnerships to Protect Endangered Wildlife in GEF-6 3.0 World Bank Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Vietnam Zambia Zambia Integrated Forest Landscape Project GEF-6 8.1 World Bank Ministry of Agriculture; Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Forestry Department Zimbabwe Strengthening Biodiversity and Ecosystems Management and GEF-6 12.0 UNDP Ministry of Environment, Climate, Tourism and Hospitality Industry Climate-Smart Landscapes in the Mid to Lower Zambezi Region of Zimbabwe 6    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Source: World Bank. Note: ADB = Asian Development Bank; CI = Conservation International; IUCN = International Union for Conservation of Nature; UNDP = United Nations Development Programme; UNEP = United Nations Environment Programme; WCS = Wildlife Conservation Society; WWF = World Wildlife Fund. The GWP brings together national efforts in a collaborative global program that facilitates connection across borders and the sharing of experiences, lessons, and best practices. Initially focused on reducing poaching, trafficking, and demand for illegal wildlife products under GEF-6, the program focus under GEF-7 is broadened to include targeted attention on recognizing the values of wildlife for sustainable development. In this way, the four pillars of the GWP focus on (i) the conservation of wildlife and habitats (including PAs) and their protection from poaching and other threats, (ii) the development of resilient wildlife-based economies and local livelihoods that recognize the value of wildlife and promote human-wildlife coexistence, (iii) combating IWT and strengthening legal frameworks and law enforcement responses, and (iv) reducing demand for illegal wildlife products, disrupting markets and changing behaviors across illegal supply chains. See figure 1.1. The global coordination grant supports a knowledge platform that brings together project teams to facilitate knowledge exchange, sharing of lessons learned, and accelerating the uptake of tools and resources that support the implementation and achievement of project activities. The knowledge platform also supports coordination between national projects including bilateral and regional events, promotes donor coordination, strengthens partnerships, and creates communications assets that raise awareness on wildlife conservation across a wide range of audiences. The occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic and other allied issues have reemphasized the need for diversification, adaptation, and innovation to deliver the objectives of the program and projects and the GWP is responding to the needs of the projects in an adaptive and evolving manner. FIGURE 1.1  GWP Framework and Evolution from GEF-6 to GEF-7 GEF-6 Framework GEF-7 Framework POACHING REDUCE Conservation Increased Increased Private Increased Conserve Wildlife management patrol financing sector PA and Habitats plans for PAs partnerships coverage implemented created Conserved areas enable biodiversity economy Improved Increased access Green E ective Promote Wildlife- policies to finance, enterprise HWC based Economies and wildlife economy jobs strategies regulations agreements implemented Global Biodiversity Conserved Empowered communities/private sector combat illicit activities Livelihoods for Local Communities Improved TRAFFICKING REDUCE Policy and Improved data Innovative law Resilience Enhanced Combat Wildlife regulatory sharing and enforcement tools Crime frameworks intelligence gathering implemented enhanced mechanisms E ective law enforcement disrupts demand DEMAND Targeted REDUCE Reduce Demand Online behavior awareness and of wildlife campaigns sales tracked Disrupt Markets delivered Source: World Bank. SECTION 1: GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM OVERVIEW   |  7 BOX 1.1 Report Outline This report summarizes the results and achievements of the ● Section 5 introduces the national projects that joined the GWP during the past year. GWP under GEF-7. ● Section 2 describes the overall progress achieved by the ● Section 6 discusses the challenges, adaptive manage- program to date. ment, and lessons emerging across the GWP, including the many ways in which GWP projects adapted to COVID- ● Section 3 presents the results of the GWP global coordi- 19 impacts in 2020. nation grant. ● Section 4 highlights the progress and accomplishments of the GEF-6 GWP national projects. © Shutterstock. | 8    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 2 GWP’S KEY ACHIEVEMENTS Despite significant impacts and disruptions from COVID-19 across much of 2020, collectively GWP national projects have made important contributions towards combating poaching, trafficking, and demand for illegal wildlife products. Here are 10 of the GWP’s top achievements in 2020, aggregated from GEF-6 national project implementation reports and with examples from the projects. SECTION 2: GWP’S KEY ACHIEVEMENTS   |  9 10 GWP ACHIEVEMENTS REDUCE POACHING 33 sites with strengthened anti-poaching measures Zero elephants poached for a second year in a row in Niassa Special Reserve in Mozambique. Poachers in Lengwe National Park and Mwabvi WiIdlife Reserve in Malawi apprehended by Community Policing Committees and convicted in court. 20 game scouts in Zimbabwe trained on a community ranger course. 1,300 snares found and destroyed in Indonesia and 1,200 in Zimbabwe. REDUCE POACHING REDUCE POACHING Over 15,000 people benefiting from community development initiatives 89 community-based natural resources management groups Short-term employment for tree planting for 5,434 created and/or supported people in Afghanistan. 1,436 community members in Ethiopia trained in 64 Biodiversity Management Committees created natural resources management. and trained in the Biodiversity Act 2002 in India. 2,520 people benefited from community development 16 Natural Resources Management Committees in programs in Mozambique, such as tree plantation, bee Mozambique revitalized in Gorongosa National Park keeping, and electric fences for crop protection. and 2 registered in Niassa Special Reserve. 2,671 households in the Republic of Congo benefited 7 Community Resource Boards supported to develop from agroforestry and cultured cocoa micro-projects. their constitution using new guidelines in Zambia. GABON REDUCE POACHING REDUCE TRAFFICKING 10 integrated landscape management plans developed 7 inter-agency coordination mechanisms and 16 more under development established to combat wildlife crime 2 integrated landscape plans developed for Chebera Inter-agency antipoaching committee formed in Botswana. Churchura National Park and Babile Elephant Sanctuary in National environmental crime unit for Ethiopia and IWT Ethiopia. regional task forces established in Southern Nations, 8 corridor management plans completed in Gabon. Nationalities and People’s Region and the Somali region. An integrated landscape plan in Botswana under development Anti-Poaching Coordination Center established in using the Land Use Conflict Identification System. Mozambique’s Magude district. Mbire district plan in Zimbabwe updated to incorporate Memorandums of understanding developed between the biodiversity. Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) and Philippines Port Authority and between BMB and Cebu Port Authority. | 10    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 REDUCE REDUCE TRAFFICKING TRAFFICKING 5 databases and systems 32 joint law enforcement operations conducted for digitization and collation of data (at subnational, national, or transnational level) established or strengthened 6 on-the-ground anti-crime operations held in Mozambique involving Wildlife crime data digitized in Wildlife Crime multiple agencies. Database Centre in Uttarakhand State, India. 12 joint patrols in Gabon’s Mayumba and Congo’s Conkouati-Douli Computerized criminal records management National Parks. system in Congo operationalized. Database developed in Ethiopia for REDUCE confiscated raw ivory and ivory products in TRAFFICKING collaboration with the Elephant Protection Initiative and Stop Ivory. 10 new or revised legal instruments to strengthen wildlife conservation AFGHANISTAN Amended Wildlife Act, two Administrative Orders and a Joint Resolution against Wildlife Crime adopted in the Philippines. Revised Law on Environment, Decree on endangered wildlife, and a Directive calling for heightened enforcement of IWT adopted in Vietnam. REDUCE INDIA DEMAND 2 market research studies to THAILAND inform demand reduction campaigns PHILIPPINES VIETNAM for tra cked wildlife species/products ETHIOPIA One market study conducted on marine turtles and the blue-naped parrot in the Philippines. Market research conducted in Thailand on consumption of wild meat. INDONESIA REP. OF CONGO REDUCE DEMAND ZAMBIA MALAWI MOZAMBIQUE 30 awareness campaigns to increase knowledge of wildlife crime and discourage participation in IWT including ZIMBABWE purchase of illegal wildlife products BOTSWANA Campaign conducted in Afghanistan’s Wakhan community raising awareness for snow leopards. “Indonesia Says No! to Illegal Wildlife Trade” national campaign successfully launched. Digital posters on penalties under Thailand’s new Wildlife Animal Reservation and Protection Act 2020 disseminated. 15 social media awareness campaigns launched in India to target national-level audiences. Note: Data was aggregated from GEF-6 national project implementation reports for 2019–2020. Examples from 8 awareness raising campaigns implemented by Local Management Consultative national projects are not exhaustive. More information can Committees in Gabon. be found in the GEF-6 national project progress pages. SECTION 2: GWP’S KEY ACHIEVEMENTS   |  11 | 12    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 3 GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS Since 2016, the GWP global coordination grant Coordinate Action and Learning to Combat Wildlife Crime has enhanced coordination among stakeholders, supported the preparation of project activities and monitoring of national project outcomes, and developed a knowledge management (KM) platform to exchange learning and experiences. The four pillars of the global grant are: ● Coordination. Increase collaboration and leverage partner and donor resources. ● Strengthen Partnerships. Enhance International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC) partner capabilities and support capacity building of the maritime sector to tackle crime across the IWT supply chain. ● Knowledge Management and Communications. Foster new integrated approaches, methodolo- gies, technologies, and learning among the national projects to successfully combat wildlife crime. ● Monitoring and Evaluation. Support preparation and implementation of national projects, track progress and outcomes, and prepare annual reports. Component 1: Coordination Component 1 aims to strengthen collaboration among the GWP implementing agencies, national projects, and the international donor community. NATIONAL COORDINATION In 2020, the GWP organized four online regional coordination meetings (Africa and Asia) with the 20 national project teams in the GEF-6 to discuss updates on their progress and share challenges and technical and knowledge needs. The GWP also organized four regional onboarding calls (anglophone Africa, francophone Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean) for GEF-7 projects in the project preparation stage. SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |   13 Going forward, the regional coordination meetings for national projects will be merged across GEF-6 and GEF-7. Given the large number of projects, the GWP will use virtual tools and creative formats to facilitate networking and knowledge exchange between the projects. PROGRAM STEERING COMMITTEE The GWP organized regular program steering committee (PSC) meetings in 2020 to discuss project updates and obtain input from PSC members on key program and project issues. Meetings were held in March, June, and September. DONOR COORDINATION In 2020, the GWP organized three meetings with the international donors that are working on combating IWT. This included participation in the Wildlife Forum at the World Bank headquarters in Washington, D.C., in January and two virtual discussions held in May and November. The May meeting convened donors engaged in IWT coordination efforts to brainstorm on potential short-term and longer-term impacts of COVID-19. The discussion focused on Africa and highlighted how the pandemic has affected national and regional strategies to build and grow wildlife economies and various donor-supported project and programs. Nature-based tourism was mentioned as an important component of protected area authority and community conservancy revenues that, in many cases, covers a large share of their operational costs. In November, the donor group provided updates on current and planned activities, and the GWP team shared information on a study underway on collaborative management of conservation areas. © Osmera / Shutterstock. | 14    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Component 2: Strengthen Partnerships This component aims to strengthen partnerships with key actors working on combating IWT. INTERNATIONAL CONSORTIUM ON COMBATING WILDLIFE CRIME The GWP team has continued to collaborate with ICCWC, a group of five intergovernmental organizations that works to support national wildlife law enforcement agencies and subregional and regional networks. The ICCWC partners are the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Secretariat, the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the World Bank, and the World Customs Organization (WCO). In January 2020, the World Bank, GWP, and ICCWC hosted the Wildlife Forum in Washington, D.C. This was followed by a strategic planning meeting of representatives from the partner organizations on activities that will shape implementation of ICCWC’s Strategic Programme 2016–2020 and future efforts under the ICCWC Vision 2030. With support from the United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the World Bank has supported targeted countries to better understand their money laundering and terrorist funding risks related to environmental crimes. This was done through the development of a new module, “Environmental and Natural Resources Crimes,” included in the World Bank National Risk Assessment Tool. The environmental crimes risk assessments of Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, and Zimbabwe were completed. The following ICCWC and ICCWC partner publications have been published: World Wildlife Crime Report: Trafficking in Protected Species, ICCWC Guidelines for Wildlife Enforcement Networks (WENs), and Scaling Back Corruption: A Guide on Addressing Corruption for Wildlife Management Authorities. See links below. World Wildlife Crime ICCWC Guidelines for Scaling Back Corruption: Report 2020: Trafficking in Wildlife Enforcement A Guide on Addressing Protected Species Networks (WENs) Corruption for Wildlife Management Authorities SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |  15 MARITIME SECTOR Targeted work on seaports implicated in IWT under the global coordination grant is led by UNDP, in partnership with TRAFFIC, UNODC, WildAid, and members of the United for Wildlife Transport Task Force. While activities at ports were heavily impacted by COVID-19, key progress in 2020 included: ● An online course for port stakeholders (private sector and government agencies) to improve awareness, prevention, and detection of IWT was developed and rolled out in collaboration with the Institute for Chartered Shipbrokers. ● International Maritime Organization (IMO) member states approved a proposal submitted by the government of Kenya with support from UNDP to develop guidelines to prevent IWT in maritime shipping supply chains. ● The UNDP received a $2 million grant from the United States Agency for International Develop- ment (USAID) to broaden existing maritime trafficking efforts under the GWP. The funds will allow for more targeted capacity development, awareness raising, private sector engagement in seaports in Kenya and Tanzania, and inclusion of the Kampala dry port in Uganda. Component 3: Knowledge Management and Communications The KM component of the global coordination grant aims to scale up best practices, leverage lessons learned from exchanges, and drive innovation. The World Bank leads the design, development, and deployment of a KM platform to promote efficiency and learning among program stakeholders. The process for generating resources includes obtaining national project feedback through surveys, finding experts to put together the best research available on selected themes, and sharing this information through events, workshops, and communications. KM products and events in 2020 were as follows: KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS ● Tools and Resources for Nature-Based Tourism report and e-book (September 2020). Nature-based tourism can support biodiversity conservation, poverty alleviation, and economic growth. The implementation of nature-based tourism and safeguarding of underlying natural assets depends on context-specific conditions and requires continuous learning from previous efforts. Many GWP national projects use nature- based tourism to fund conservation and engage communities. This report is a comprehensive review of the tools, resources, institutions, and platforms available to help nature-based tourism practitioners prepare, implement, and monitor projects. It is accompanied by an interactive e-book currently housing 350 resources and counting. New nature-based tourism resources can be submitted for inclusion in the e-book via this link. Total downloads: 2,041. ● Guide for Implementing Community-Based Electric Fences for the Effective Mitigation of Human-Elephant Conflict (September 2020). Human-elephant conflict is a major conservation, socioeconomic, and political issue over most of the African and Asian elephant range states. Conventional attempts at its mitigation by limiting elephants to protected areas have been largely ineffective in virtually all these regions. Community-based electric fencing can be one tool in landscapes where people and elephants exist together outside of designated protected areas. This guide aims to assist countries participating in the GWP to address human-elephant conflict and explore ways for coexistence between humans and elephants, with a focus on electric fences. Also available in French. Total downloads: 2,358. | 16    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ● Countering Wildlife Trafficking Through Kenya’s Seaports. This paper, led by UNDP, TRAFFIC, and USAID, provides essential information on wildlife trafficking via Kenya’s seaports, mainly the Port of Mombasa and its role in wildlife trafficking. The analysis formed the basis of discussions at the “2019 Mombasa Port Stakeholders Workshop to Combat Wildlife Trafficking,” supported by GWP partners. The paper also provides key information on trafficking routes and concealment methods that have been used to move illicit wildlife products from and via Kenya to consumer countries. IN-PERSON EVENTS Participants at the Wildlife Forum, ● Wildlife Forum (January 2020). The GWP organized the Wildlife Forum in collaboration with January 2020, in ICCWC. Over 150 participants joined thematic discussions, presentations, and panels showcasing Washington, D.C. key governance, economics, trade, and technological issues that affect wildlife crime. Donors, © Sunny Kaplan / Global nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and other U.S.-based implementing partners shared Wildlife Program. information and discussed strengthening partnerships to promote sustainable development and combat wildlife crime. The forum informed ICCWC’s future strategic planning. VIRTUAL EVENTS ● GWP Annual Conference. Every year, the GWP hosts a conference at which government stake- holders, project partners, and subject experts exchange ideas, encourage collaboration, and support project design and implementation. The fourth GWP Annual Conference was held from December 1–3, 2020. Because of COVID-19-related travel restrictions and health concerns, the conference was delivered in a virtual format, on Zoom, for the first time. Representatives from 28 GWP countries attended technical sessions, expert presentations, interactive working groups, and networking sessions. These were complemented by videos from project teams and the use of digital tools and platforms such as polls, word clouds, and virtual feedback walls to engage participants. Conference proceedings can be found here. SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |  17 Participants in the GWP Virtual Annual Conference, December 2020. © Hasita Bhammar / Global Wildlife Program. ● Webinars. The GWP organized six webinars this year and co-promoted six other webinars through partnerships with USAID, WWF, and the World Bank’s Planet Reboot series. See lists of GWP webinars in appendix B. COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE A key component of GWP’s KM efforts is the establishment of targeted communities of practice (CoPs), aimed at facilitating collective, accelerated learning and enhancing collaboration among stakeholders. The two themes the GWP has piloted for CoPs are described below. Nature-Based Tourism CoP The nature-based tourism CoP is an online platform that is currently available only to World Bank staff and projects. However, knowledge products delivered for the CoP are shared with all GWP stakeholders, and ways to increase partnership with GWP partners will be explored under GEF-7. JOURNAL ARTICLE: “Framework for Sustainable Recovery of Tourism in Protected Areas” Protect the Natural Asset As project teams work to support clients in designing COVID-19 recovery strategies that have positive environmental benefits, the GWP team put together a framework focused on three priorities for the protected area t C tourism sector: n om me mu ern ● Protecting the natural asset nitie Sustainable Gov Tourism ● Growing and diversifying the business s in PA Grow and P ri v a te S e c to r Share the ● Sharing the benefits widely Diversify Benefits the Business The article proposes recommendations for how countries can consider building back greener and increasing the resilience of the tourism sector. Read the article here. | 18    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 FEATURE STORY: “The Journey Back to Recovery—Resources to Develop Tourism Sustainably.” Nature-based tourism, the largest global, market-based contributor to financing protected area systems, has been severely affected by the pandemic. For governments and tourism operators looking to rebuild the nature-based tourism sector, this story offers resources and tools that could support their efforts. Read the story here. Human-Wildlife Conflict CoP More than 70 percent of GWP projects address human-wildlife conflict through a broad range of on-the-ground interventions. The HWC CoP is an external CoP in partnership with the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) Human-Wildlife Conflict Task Force (IUCN SSC HWC Task Force). The CoP aims to help build capacity of GWP countries in HWC mitigation and prevention as well as promotion of coexistence. The Task Force is the key partner for this initiative. An expert advisory group, it aims to support professionals working on HWC by providing interdisciplinary guidance, resources, and capacity building. The IUCN HWC Task Force is also the focal point for the IUCN motion 117, “Addressing human-wildlife conflict: fostering a safe and beneficial coexistence of people and wildlife,” approved in September 2020. The motion calls on IUCN members, governments, and other parties to recognize HWC as a growing global issue that requires holistic and collaborative solutions. The first international conference on HWC and coexistence, scheduled for April 2020 in partnership with the IUCN SSC HWC Task Force and the Martin School, University of Oxford, was postponed due to the pandemic. It is now proposed for 2022. SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |  19 COMMUNICATIONS The GWP’s communication strategy aims to increase awareness of the GWP and reach a broad audience to promote projects, products, and partners. This includes showcasing activities taking place across the 32 GWP countries, the knowledge resources that the GWP global grant curates, and raising awareness on conservation and sustainable development. In 2020, the GWP redesigned its website to include thematic focus areas and developed three newsletters (48 percent average open rate, double the industry average of 24 percent), three blogs and feature stories (average 1,200 views), three reports, three videos on Instagram, one e-book on nature-based tourism, and one infographic. Additionally, social media messages were promoted on World Wildlife Day, International Day of Biodiversity, and World Ranger Day. BOX 3.1 GWP Blogs and Feature Stories Why We Need to Invest in Conflict A Green Economic Recovery for South Risking Lives to Protect Wildlife and Resolution for Better Biodiversity Asia, May 2020 Wildlands: Stories from Rangers in the Outcomes, November 2020 Field, July 2020 1,681 views 1,921 views 1,102 views Source: World Bank. BOX 3.2 GWP Videos on Instagram World Wildlife Day 2020 World Wetlands Day 2020 World Ranger Day 2020 4,855 views 6,340 views 6,626 views Source: World Bank. | 20    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 On Biodiversity Day (May 22, 2020), the GWP created a social media package for youth on the importance of biodiversity. The infographic was viewed 556 times. Click to see the infographic. Source: World Bank. Communications Training. The GWP conducted FIGURE 3.2  Number of Participants Trained under the GWP a virtual training series called “Conservation Conservation Storytelling Workshop. Storytelling” for the project teams from Asia. The training covered four topics: communications 60 principles, using data to tell stories, using photos to tell stories, and GWP country project Session 1 presentations to facilitate peer-to-peer learning. Participants rated the training highly. On average, 40 members from project teams across GWP Asia attended the meeting (figure 3.2). The Session 2 32 final report can be found here. Session 3 42 Session 4 31 Source: World Bank. SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |   21 The redesign of the GWP website makes it easier for users to find resources and publications by theme. In 2020, the website received 8,831 visits from 6,178 unique visitors from around the world (see figures 3.3 and 3.4). FIGURE 3.3  GWP Unique Website Views, 2020–21 GWP Home page Overview page GWP Countries and Partners page Webinars page Resources page 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Source: World Bank. FIGURE 3.4  Geosegmentation of Views on the GWP Website United States 37% China 2% Nigeria 2% India 14% Argentina 3% Spain 3% Australia 3% Germany Mexico 3% Peru 7% 3% United Canada Kingdom 4% France Colombia Philippines 6% 4% 4% 5% Source: World Bank. | 22    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Component 4: Monitoring and Evaluation The coordination project has developed and deployed a monitoring system specifically tailored to track progress of the GWP. The system aggregates national-level project data and qualitative information to report on progress, inform program decisions, facilitate adaptive management measures, support other coordination components, and guide the national projects’ implementation. The GWP has three tools for monitoring and evaluation for the GEF-6 projects: (i) a GWP-tailored tracking tool, (ii) project results frameworks, and (iii) an annual qualitative review. GEF-7 national projects will report against GEF core indicators but will not be required to adopt a GWP tracking tool. The GWP coordination platform will develop and deploy a targeted monitoring and evaluation system for GEF-7 projects that builds off existing GEF reporting and results frameworks. The GWP conducted its annual qualitative review at the end of 2020. The GWP coordination team has synthesized the reporting so far, along with project results reported to GEF as part of annual project reporting. Results are presented in section 2 of this report. The GWP tracking tool will be submitted at midterm for GEF-6 national projects, a number of which are expected during 2021 as project midterm reviews are completed. Also see the GWP 2019 Knowledge Platform Report. © Kjersti Joergensen / Shutterstock. SECTION 3: GLOBAL COORDINATION PROJECT PROGRESS   |  23 Next Phase of GWP Global Coordination In June 2021, the GEF-6 global grant will close and the next phase of the GWP coordination will begin. Led by the World Bank, the GEF-7 GWP global coordination project will support both GEF-7 national projects and the ongoing GEF-6 national projects. The GEF-7 coordination grant is arranged around the two key technical pillars of the GEF-7 GWP— combating IWT and promoting wildlife-based economies—along with program coordination (see figure 3.5). The first pillar will support national projects to combat IWT and works at the global level through targeted attention on governance, donor coordination and demand reduction. It will share tools and knowledge resources and mobilize ICCWC partners to help national projects achieve their outcomes. The wildlife for sustainable development pillar will support countries to explore wildlife- based land uses such as supporting recovery of the wildlife tourism sector and adequately valuing wildlife in their national accounts and policies. The GEF-7 GWP global coordination project will help participating countries develop diversified, resilient wildlife-based enterprises and implement policies that foster conservation-compatible development. This will be done through analyses that show the economic value of protected areas and wildlife for national and local economies and promotion of collaborative partnerships between local communities, the government, private sector, tourism agencies, and other relevant partners. FIGURE 3.5  GEF-7 GWP Global Coordination Grant Pillars Combat Illegal Promote Wildlife Program Coordination Wildlife Trade Based Economy and Management Improve governance and ability to combat Advisory and analysis Coordination and M&E financial crimes Strengthen donor Scaling up WBE investments Knowledge management coordination through promotion of PPPs Reduce demand for Innovation and illegal wildlife products technology and change behavior GW P GL OB A L CO O R DI N AT I O N GR AN T Source: World Bank. Note: M&E = monitoring and evaluation; PPP = private-public partnership; WBE = wildlife-based economy. | 24    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 4 PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS Contents Afghanistan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Botswana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Cameroon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Ethiopia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Gabon.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 India. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Indonesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Kenya.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Malawi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Mali. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Mozambique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 The Philippines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Republic of Congo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 South Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Tanzania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Thailand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Vietnam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Zambia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   25 Afghanistan AFGHANISTAN Conservation of Snow Leopards and Their Critical Ecosystem in Afghanistan Objective: To strengthen conservation of the snow leopard and its critical ecosystem in Afghanistan through a holistic and sustainable landscape approach that addresses existing and emerging threats. The project is mobilizing local communities around WNP to conserve Project Sites: Wakhan National Park snow leopards and their habitats through livelihood opportunities (WNP) in Afghan Pamirs and Hindu Kush such as tree planting, a community ranger program, and construction Species Focus: Snow leopards of predator-proof corrals. Grant Amount: $2.9 million PROGRESS Executing Partner: WCS, National Environment Protection Agency, Ministry ● Due to project-supported awareness activities, the retaliatory killing of of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock snow leopards has ceased. Local communities instead report sightings and damage to local authorities and the WCS, the project’s execut- GEF Implementing Agency: United ing partner. To reduce livestock predation, the project constructed Nations Development Programme three communal predator-proof corrals and rehabilitated four existing (UNDP) communal corrals and 198 household corrals. Snow leopards caught in Project Manager: Mujtaba Bashari corrals have been released unharmed. (mbashari@wcs.org) ● The SMART system was operationalized, accompanied by training of Project Start: September 2019 front-line staff. A manual and reporting format were developed to facili- tate predation incident surveys and reporting. The project deployed 35 Scheduled Completion: July 2022 new camera traps to strengthen wildlife monitoring capacity within the WNP. ● The Protected Area Committee, the co-management governance system and main decision-making body for the WNP, was established and comprises local communities and government agencies. ● Thirteen afforestation plots, covering 90 hectares of alluvial lands, were set up in and around 13 villages of the WNP, where more than 600,000 local willow stakes were planted. ● The project supported the community ranger program with 30 rangers spread across seven teams: a dedicated team each for Little Pamir and Big Pamir, four snow leopard ranger teams, and one team for the WNP and its buffer zone. Afforestation of an alluvial fan near Aobgarch Village, WNP. © WCS–Afghanistan. | 26    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 U Z B E K I S TA N TA JIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN Wakhan National Park JAWZJAN Fayzabad Balkh BALKH BALKH KUNDUZ TAKHAR Taloqan Shiberghan Mazar-e- Kunduz Sharif BADAKHSHAN FARYAB Sar-e-Pul Aybak Maymana SAMANGAN Pol-e Khomri SAR-E-PUL BAGHLAN PANJSHER Poruns BADGHES Bazarak NORISTAN Qala-e-Naw Charikar Mahmud-e-Raqi KUNARHA BAMYAN Bamyan Barikab KAPISA LAGHMAN Asadabad PARWAN Hirat Herat Ferozkoh KABUL Mehtarlam Maydanshahr KABUL Jalalabad GHOR MAYDANWARDAG NANGARHAR HERAT HERAT LOGAR Pul-e-Alam Hesar DAYKUNDI Nili PAKTYA e Shahi Ghazni Gardez ISLAMIC GHAZNI Samawat Khost(Matun) Sharan KHOST REPUBLIC URUZGAN FARAH Tirinkot PAKTEKA Farah OF IRAN ZABUL PA K I S T A N Qalat Lashkargah Kandahar AFGHANISTAN NEMROZ HILMAND KANDAHAR KANDAHAR GWP PROJECT Zaranj PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL PROVINCE BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES PA K I S T A N WCS Snow Leopard Team member scanning for wild ungulates in Pikut Valley, Wakhan National Park. © A. Rajabi/WCS SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  27 Botswana BOTSWANA Managing the Human-Wildlife Interface to Sustain the Flow of Agro-Ecosystem Services and Prevent Illegal Wildlife Trafficking in the Kgalagadi and Ghanzi Drylands Objective: To promote an integrated landscape approach to managing Kgalagadi and Ghanzi drylands for ecosystem resilience, improved livelihoods, and reduced conflicts between wildlife conservation and livestock production. The Kgalagadi and Ghanzi Drylands Ecosystems Project (KGDEP) is Project Sites: Landscapes around the implementing recommendations to strengthen the capacity of law Kalahari Transfrontier Park and the enforcement to combat wildlife crime and is reviewing the National corridors leading to the Central Kalahari Anti-Poaching Strategy. Game Reserve Species Focus: Lions, cheetahs, wild PROGRESS dogs ● Through the KGDEP, the government is reviewing and updating the Grant Amount: $6.0 million National Anti-Poaching Strategy to enable a coordinated approach to Executing Partner: Ministry of address illegal wildlife crime. Environment, Natural Resources ● A capacity needs assessment of law enforcement agencies and Conservation and Tourism; Ministry of communities to combat poaching and other illegal wildlife activities Agriculture; Kgalagadi/Ghanzi Councils was completed in February 2020. Assessment results are being shared GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP with law enforcement agencies to determine where resources are most needed. Recommendations include: Project Manager: Mbiganyi Frederick ● Setting up a Joint Operations Center in Gaborone Dipotso (mbiganyi.dipotso@undp.org) ● Building technical capacity and acquiring new equipment to improve Project Start: November 2017 arrest, prosecution, and conviction rates Scheduled Completion: November 2024 ● Reducing the number of pending cases related to wildlife crime ● Reducing wildlife deaths related to poaching (including poisoning) Bushfire training for first responders in the ● The KGDEP launched a charcoal production project for the four-village Kgalagadi district. BORAVAST Community Resource Management Trust. See box 4.1. ● Members of three communities attended workshops on strategies to reduce HWC. Workshops were organized with the help of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks. ● Fire management training and the formation of response teams for four villages were organized with the Department of Forestry and Range Resources. ● The development approach to the Integrated Landscape Use Manage- ment Plan (ILUMP) was readjusted. To strengthen cross-sectoral collabo- ration, stakeholders will now manage different components of the ILUMP formulation process. As a prerequisite, in March 2020, 20 district techni- cal officers (nine female) were trained in the KGDEP Technical Reference Group on Land Use Conflict Identification System. This tool will help to identify appropriate wildlife corridor areas as the ILUMP is developed. © UNDP - Botswana. | 28    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Bushfire training for first responders in the ZAMBIA Kgalagadi district. ANGOLA Kasane Ngamase ri CHOBE Xaud um NGAMILAND ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA Maun eb Eis NORTH- EAST Francistown GH3 Ghanzi C E N T R A L GHANZI Selebi-Phikwe Kalahari Savannah– Serowe Central Kalahari Limp op o GH10 Game Reserve (CKGR) GH11 GH13 © UNDP - Botswana. KD6 KW2 KD5 KW4 KD1 KW6 KWENENG KD11 KGATLENG KGALAGADI Molepolole Mochudi SOUTH AFRICA KD2 KD12 SO2 GABORONE SOUTHERN Kalahari Transfrontier Kanye SOUTH- Park (KTP) Lobatse EAST BOTSWANA KD15 GWP PROJECT Tshabong PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREAS SOUTH AFRICA DISTRICT CAPITALS* NATIONAL CAPITAL DISTRICT BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES BOX 4.1 Use of an Invasive Species for Sustainable Charcoal Production The BORAVAST Trust uses the prosopis plant, BORAVAST production team. an invasive species in southern Kgalagadi, to produce charcoal and livestock fodder to keep the weed under control. Fifteen community charcoal producers (nine female) have been trained on production, grading, and packaging processes (packaging and sales are on-going). The Local Enterprise Authority provides technical support and training on management (human resources and financial), record keeping, and marketing; it also supports the hiring of a professional manager. These projects help provide rural income and employment and encourage women’s participation in productive activities, while also controlling the species for the benefit of the rangeland. © Lebogang Tlhaloso / UNDP. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  29 Cameroon CAMEROON Integrated and Transboundary Conservation of Biodiversity in the Basins of Cameroon Objective: To strengthen the conservation of globally threatened species in Cameroon by improving biodiversity enforcement, resilience, and management. PROGRESS Project Sites: Boumba Bek National Park, Nki National Park, Mengame Gorilla ● Field activities were suspended at the field level in March 2019 due to a Sanctuary, Dja Biosphere Reserve, and UNDP Social and Environmental Compliance Unit (SECU) investigation. Ngoyla Wildlife Reserve On February 8, 2021, the UNDP Administrator’s Decision on the SECU Case noted that UNDP, in close consultation with the Government of Species Focus: Elephants, lowland Cameroon and GEF, had decided to reformulate the project to address gorillas, pangolins, chimpanzees the findings and recommendations of the SECU report. The suspension Grant Amount: $3.9 million will be lifted should the reformulated project be approved by the GEF Council. Executing Partner: Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP Project Manager: Gilbert Ndzomo (gilbert.ndzomo@undp.org) Start Date: December 2017 © Matthias G. Ziegler. | 30    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Ethiopia ETHIOPIA Enhanced Management and Enforcement of Ethiopia’s Protected Area Estate Objective: To build Ethiopia’s capacity for biodiversity conservation through increased effectiveness of protected area management and implementation of measures to reduce illegal wildlife trade and poaching. The Ethiopia project supported the revision of the national Wildlife Project Sites: Omo National Park, Act to enable stricter punishment for wildlife crimes, measurably Mago National Park, Chebera Chuchura improved the capacity of law enforcement agencies to address IWT, National Park, Babile Elephant Sanctuary, and finalized management plans for several protected areas. and Kafta Shiraro National Park Species Focus: Elephants, big cats PROGRESS Grant Amount: $7.3 million ● The project supported revisions to the Wildlife Act, which is awaiting Executing Partner: Environment, Forest parliamentary approval. Once approved, revisions will allow for stricter and Climate Change Commission; sentencing for wildlife crimes. Ethiopia Wildlife Conservation Authority; ● Two IWT regional task forces in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and Peoples’ Region and the Somali region were established in 2019. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP In 2020, the project supported capacity building training for the task forces and continues to support operations for effectively controlling Project Manager: Arega Mekonnen wildlife crime within the regions. (aregaa3@gmail.com) ● The Environmental Crime Unit—a multiyear project—was launched. The Project Website: https://ethiopias- unit is composed of relevant government agencies, law enforcement elephants.com/project-sites/ agencies, and NGOs. Project Start: March 2018 ● The project worked on enhancing capacity and cooperation among law Scheduled Completion: October 2023 enforcement agents for effective control of wildlife crimes. Capacity of government agencies on IWT control has increased by 20 percent across all possible scores at national and site levels (as measured by a Babile Elephant Sanctuary. customized UNDP Capacity Development Scorecard). ● With support from the Elephant Protection Initiative and Stop Ivory, a database was developed at the Ethiopia Wildlife Conservation Authority headquarters for all confiscated raw ivory and ivory products. ● A storehouse for confiscated wildlife products at Chebera Churchura National Park was established. ● Following the Elephant Protection Initiative guidelines, Ethiopia has adopted a Gold Standard storage and management system for wildlife products. ● General management plans for Chebera Churchura and Mago National Parks were developed and approved. Now there are three manage- ment plans, including for Kafta Shiraro National Park. The management plan for Omo National Park is being drafted. © Nakachew Birlew. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   31 ● Two integrated landscape management (ILM) plans were developed and approved for project sites covering 50,000 hectares in Chebera Churchura National Park and Babile Elephant Sanctuary. ILM activities encourage and increase local communities’ active participation in conservation. ● To support local communities with the development of small sustainable enterprises, 26 business associations were established in five project sites, and 1,436 people (51 percent female) received training. ERI TREA R SUDAN REP. e d OF S TI GR AY Y EM EN e a Kafta Sheraro National Park Lake AFAR Tana AM HAR A DJI BOU TI d e n G u l f o f A BEN SHAN GUL DIRE DAWA ADDIS ABABA SOMA L I A HARARI ADDIS ABABA GAMBELA Chebera Churchura Babile Elephant Sanctuary National Park OR O M I YA S OUT H S O M AL I S UDAN S.N.N.P. ETHIOPIA GWP PROJECT Omo National Park PROJECT SITES Mago National Park PROTECTED AREAS NATIONAL CAPITAL Lake Turkana REGION BOUNDARIES INDIAN INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES OCEAN KENYA Chebera National Park. © Greta Francescalori. | 32    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Gabon GABON Wildlife and Human-Elephant Conflict Management Objective: Reduce elephant poaching and human-elephant conflicts in the target zones. The Gabon project has established the country’s first wildlife genetic Project Sites: Moukalaba Doudou analysis laboratory and data collection protocol and is partnering with National Park, Loango National Park, neighboring countries on combating IWT. Mayumba National Park, and Waka National Park PROGRESS Species Focus: Elephants ● Gabon’s first wildlife genetic analysis laboratory and a national data Grant Amount: $9.1 million collection protocol were established. A computer server and database Executing Partner: National Agency of have been set up, and data collectors received training on data related National Parks and General Directorate of to human-elephant conflicts (including observation of elephant damage, Wildlife and the Protection of Nature GPS locations, victim identification, and amount and costs of damage). GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank ● Gabon has initiated a partnership with Cameroon, which seeks to use the project-funded genetic laboratory to determine the geographic Project Coordinator: Olivier Ondo origins of a seizure of 628 kilograms of ivory made in October 2020 in Assame (ondo.assame@gmail.com) Ambam, in the Ntem Valley Department in South Cameroon. Project Start: January 2017 ● More than 441,000 hectares are now under enhanced biodiversity Scheduled Completion: December 2021 protection and registered an improvement in protected area manage- ment effectiveness, as measured by the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool. Motorized barge to patrol the Ngounié River and help local communities to cross. © Project team / GWP Gabon. Ndindi electrical fence, near Mayumba Park. © Project team / GWP Gabon SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   33 GABON GEF-6 GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES CAMEROON PROTECTED AREAS OTHER SITES/ BORDERS PROVINCE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES PROVINCE BOUNDARIES EQUATORIAL REP. OF GUINEA Oyem CONGO AT L A NT I C WOLEU-NTEM OCE A N Makokou LIBREVILLE OGOOUE-IVINDO ESTUAIRE Kango MOYEN-OGOOUE Port-Gentil Lambarene OGOOUE-LOLO Waka National Park Kaulomoutou HAUT-OGOOUE OGOOUE-MARITIME NGOUNIE Franceville Mouila Loango Moukalaba-Doudou Tchibanga NYANGA REP. OF Mayumba CONGO Eco-guards from the National Parks Agency trained on anti-poaching efforts. © Project team / GWP Gabon. | 34    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 India INDIA Securing Livelihoods, Conservation, Sustainable Use and Restoration of High Range Himalayan Ecosystems (SECURE) Himalayas Objective: To promote the sustainable management of alpine pastures and forests in the high range Himalayan ecosystems that secures conservation of globally significant wildlife, including endangered snow leopard and their habitats, ensure sustainable livelihoods and mitigate illegal trade in wildlife. The SECURE Himalaya Project is preparing landscape-level Project Sites: Changthang landscape in the participatory management plans in the Himalayan landscapes and is Union Territory of Ladakh; Lahaul-Pangi and strengthening community and government capacity to mitigate IWT Kinnaur landscapes in the State of Himachal and HWC. Pradesh; Gangotri-Govind and Darma Byans landscapes in the State of Uttarakhand; and Khangchendzonga and Upper Teesta PROGRESS landscape in the State of Sikkim ● Launched in October 2019, the Snow Leopard Population Assessment Species Focus: Snow leopards and for India is the world’s first methodology for counting snow leopards. associated species; medicinal and Government staff and community members are being trained in partici- aromatic plants patory snow leopard monitoring, including 41 participants (five women) in Uttarakhand. See box 4.2 for more details. Grant Amount: $11.5 million ● Technology-based interventions are being adopted to mitigate IWT Executing Partner: Ministry of and HWC. These promote better management through accurate data Environment, Forest and Climate Change collection and enhanced monitoring. Infrared-based animal detection GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP devices were installed in Uttarakhand and are in progress in Sikkim to prevent animal encroachment in village areas. Contact: Vedant Rastogi (vedant.rastogi@ undp.org) ● Baseline assessments of the status of wildlife crime and IWT were developed for all project-related SECURE landscapes, including Project Start: July 2019 information on traded species, quantity and intensity of trade, and trade Scheduled Completion: December 2024 hotspots and routes. ● Documentation of the biodiversity of high-altitude Himalaya is a challenge due to the unavailability of trained human resources to Installation of infrared-based animal detection undertake field surveys. To address this, the project, in association devices and training of foresters in Sikkim. with the State Biodiversity Boards of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Sikkim, have trained 50 parataxonomists to assist the biodiversity boards and the forest and wildlife departments in monitoring key wildlife species (including the snow leopard) and documenting biodi- versity in high-altitude landscapes. ● Landscape-level participatory management strategies and plans in SECURE Himalaya landscapes are being prepared. WWF, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment, and Wildlife Institute of India have identified high conservation value areas covering 5,000 hectares across six project landscapes. Proposals are being developed to designate some of these areas for enhanced protection under relevant national laws. © Paridhi Jain / SECURE Himalaya. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  35 ● An interstate agreement between all snow leopard range states and union territories of India to mitigate wildlife crime and illegal trade was developed; the agreement is under review by central and state governments. The agreement would strengthen regional cooperation, capacity building, cross-learning, and reduction in demand of products “The parataxonomist training of wildlife origin. conducted by the SECURE Himalaya ● Review and strengthening of training materials for relevant line project was a very good learning departments, including customs, police, the Indo-Tibetan Border Police, and judiciary, is ongoing. With the Government of India’s Wildlife experience. We received knowledge Crime Control Bureau, and with technical assistance from TRAFFIC on many technical areas, like how and the Wildlife Trust of India, the project is developing customized landscape-specific training modules (forensic analysis and reporting) to identify plants, the diversity of and awareness materials. different forest types in the Himalayan ● Mass awareness campaigns were implemented on HWC to address the region, and proper methods for the increasing incidences of bears and other wildlife entering towns and collection of specimens. It will help roads during the pandemic. us in promoting nature-based tourism ● Ten women from project villages in the Gangotri landscape of Uttarakhand participated in a 15-day course in basic mountaineering and enhancing local knowledge and guiding skills. Participants are now eligible to access government about plant biodiversity in my area.” employment generation schemes. Ms. Kala, youth parataxonomist ● Training programs are being developed to strengthen the response to zoonotic diseases and to sensitize and build capacity of frontline government officials and local communities to promote implementation of One Health approaches. Srinagar INDIA GEF-6 LADAKH JAMMU AND KASHMIR GWP PROJECT Seichu Tuan Changthang PROJECT SITES Wildlife Sanctuary Landscape PROTECTED AREAS Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary INDIA OTHER LANDSCAPES Lahaul-Pangi STATE CAPITALS Landscape HIMACHAL NATIONAL CAPITAL PRADESH Kinnaur Landscape CHI N A STATE BOUNDARIES Govind National Park INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES & Wildlife Sanctuary PUNJAB Shimla Gangotri National Park Chandigarh Gangotri-Govind Landscape Darma Byans Landscape CHANDIGARH Dehra Dun UTTARANCHAL UTTARAKHAND HARYANA DELHI Shingba NEW DELHI Khangchendzonga Rhdododendron N E PA L Upper Teesta Landscape Sanctuary UTTAR PRADESH Khangchendzonga National Park and Biosphere Reserve SIKKIM Gangtok BHUTAN RAJASTHAN INDIA Jaipur Lucknow | 36    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 BOX 4.2 Snow Leopard Population Assessment of India The Snow Leopard Population Assessment of India (SPAI) protocol was officially launched in October 2019 and is the world’s first methodology for monitoring and assessing snow leopard populations. It was prepared under the SECURE Himalaya project, led by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, in partnership with the Wildlife Institute of India and Nature Conservation Foundation. Phase 1 of SPAI comprises state-level efforts to stratify potential snow leopard habitats. In Phase 2, camera-trap or genetic-based sampling will be implemented in good, moderate, and poor habitats for snow leopards, as identified in Phase 1. Estimates from all the snow leopard range states and union territories will contribute to a national-level estimate for snow leopard and prey populations. In Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, activities are underway for the state-level assessments. Fifty-two individual snow leopards have been recorded across 10 sites in Himachal Pradesh. With the Wildlife Institute of India, participatory monitoring protocols for snow leopards and associated species are being developed in both states, focusing on training communities to conduct snow leopard monitoring. Snow leopard in Ladakh. © Siddarth Nair / SECURE Himalaya. Mountaineering guide training in Uttarakhand. © Ummed Singh / SECURE Himalaya. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  37 Indonesia INDONESIA Combating Illegal and Unsustainable Trade in Endangered Species in Indonesia Objective: To reduce the volume of unsustainable wildlife trade and the rate of loss of globally significant biodiversity in Indonesia and East and Southeast Asia. The Indonesia Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade (CIWT) project is Project Sites: National level; northern developing a national strategy and action plan on CIWT and is Sumatra and northern Sulawesi strengthening law enforcement and prosecution capacity. Species Focus: Sumatran rhinos, Sumatran tigers, Sumatran elephants, PROGRESS anoa, babirusas, black-crested macaques ● To strengthen efforts to tackle online wildlife trade, a command center Grant Amount: $7.0 million and operation room was set up for the Directorate General of Law Executing Partner: Ministry of Enforcement on Environment and Forestry. Installation of an operation Environment and Forestry (Directorate room in Surabaya, East Java Province, is in progress. General of Law Enforcement on ● A background study was initiated for the forthcoming National Strategy Environment and Forestry) and Action Plan for Combating Illegal and Unsustainable Trade in GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP Endangered Wild Animals. Project Manager: Achmad Pribadi ● The Wildlife Crime Law Enforcement Task Force in North Sumatra (achmad.pribadi@undp.org) Province was created. It includes the North Sumatra Law Enforcement Agency, Regional Natural Resources and Conservation Agency, Indone- Project Start: March 2018 sian Council of Religious Scholars, Customs, and local NGOs. Scheduled Completion: November 2023 ● Standard operating procedures (SOPs) were compiled for forest rangers and national protected area management officers on how to handle primates, reptiles, birds, and other mammals. Black-crested macaque in Tangkoko Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi. ● With the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, SOPs were developed for collecting and handling biological material from wild animals and plants by morphological and DNA analysis. ● A study was launched to determine the economic value of the 25 most traded species in Indonesia, using models such as market price method, willingness-to-pay method, and cost-based approach. This serves as a reference for judges and prosecutors during IWT cases. ● The Directorate of Forest Protection conducted four snare removal patrols in Gunung Leuser National Park, Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, Aceh, and Riau, resulting in the destruction of 1,286 mesh snares. According to government data, the number of prosecuted IWT cases has increased from 51 in 2016 to 65 in 2019. ● The project partnered with local NGOs to deliver HWC mitigation training in Aceh; a community-based IWT training in West Java; and a community-based patrol training in slow loris habitats, also in West Java. A workshop on beekeeping as a potential livelihood source was held in East Aceh Regency. © Faiz Yajri / CIWT. | 38    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 INDONESIA GEF-6 CAMBODIA GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES VIETNAM AIRPORTS PROVINCE CAPITALS THAILAND PORTS NATIONAL CAPITAL PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE BOUNDARIES OTHER LANDSCAPES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Gunung Leuser National Park PHILIPPINES Banda Aceh A Y A L BRUNEI Celebes P A C I F I C O C E A N S DARUSSALAM Sea 1 Belawan M I Bogani Nani Wartabone Talaud Natuna Is. Besar National Park A Medan Kuala Namu Airport 34 24 Morotai Simeulue 2 SINGAPORE 19 25 Manado Bitung PAPUA Nias 3 23 23 Ternate Pekanbaru Tanjung Pinang Pontianak K A L I M A N TA N Halmahera Waigeo NEW Gorontalo SUMATERA Lingga 20 Samarinda Palu 26 30 Manokwari Biak GUINEA Padang Peleng Me Siberut 5 Jambi Bangka 32 21 27 nt 4 Pangkal Pinang Obi Misool Yapen SULAWESI Sula Is. Jayapura aw Palangkaraya Mamuju Palembang 9 22 ai 7 Belitung . 28 PAPUA Is Banjarmasin Kendari Buru Ceram Bengkulu 11 Ambon 33 6 Tanjungkarang- Java Sea 29 Kapuas 8 Telukbetung Makassar Muna 33 Kai Is. Enggano Tanjung Priok Tanjung Perak Banda Sea 31 Aru Serang JAKARTA Madura Is. 10Bandung 12 Semarang INDIAN OCEAN Bandung 13 JAVAMuara Enim Surabaya 16 Bali Alor Wetar Moa Babar Tanimbar Yogyakarta 15 Lombok Sumbawa Is. 14 Mataram Denpasar 17 Flores Sumba 18 TIMOR-LESTE Timor PROVINCES Kupang Arafura Sea 1 NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM 13 JAWA TENGAH 24 SULAWESI UTARA 2 SUMATERA UTARA 14 D.I. YOGYAKARTA 25 GORONTALO 3 RIAU 15 JAWA TIMUR 26 SULAWESI TENGAH Bogor 4 SUMATERA BARAT 16 BALI 27 SULAWESI BARAT 5 JAMBI 17 NUSA TENGGARA BARAT 28 SULAWESI SELATAN 6 BENGKULU 18 NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR 29 SULAWESI TENGGARA 7 SUMATERA SELATAN 19 RIAU KEPULAUAN 30 MALUKU UTARA 8 LAMPUNG 20 KALIMANTAN BARAT 31 MALUKU 9 BANGKA-BELITUNG 21 KALIMANTAN TENGAH 32 PAPUA BARAT 10 BANTEN 22 KALIMANTAN SELATAN 33 PAPUA AUSTRALIA 11 D.K.I. JAKARTA 23 KALIMANTAN TIMUR 34 KALIMANTAN UTARA 12 JAWA BARAT “The Economic Value Assessment of Wildlife Species background study is a breakthrough in combating illegal wildlife trade in Indonesia.” Dr. Rasio Ridho Sani, Director-General of Law Enforcement on Environment and Forestry, Ministry of Environment and Forestry BOX 4.3 Tourist Village of Tanjungsari “Friends of Loris” Social mapping on livelihood alternatives has been conducted in Tanjungsari Village, Sadanaya subdistrict, Ciamis Regency, West Java Province. This village borders the Gunung Sawal Wildlife Reserve. The Sustainable Livelihood Analysis and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat Analysis recommended establishing Desa Wisata Tanjungsari “Sahabat Kukang” (Tourist Village of Tanjungsari “Friends of Loris”) as an alternative livelihood. With support from an NGO, a community-based patrolling system was developed and a social media platform was established to educate people on slow lorises. © Project Team/ CIWT. Rehabilitation of slow loris. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   39 Kenya KENYA Combating Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trafficking in Kenya through an Integrated Approach Objective: To combat poaching and illegal wildlife trafficking in Kenya through an integrated approach. The project is reassessing baselines and refining activities to better Project Sites: Maasai Mara and Tsavo support communities and conservancies as they rebuild nature-based Conservation Area landscapes tourism and other livelihoods in the wake of COVID-19. Species Focus: Elephants, rhinos, buffaloes, giraffes PROGRESS Grant Amount: $3.8 million ● The project start has been delayed, in part from the prolonged duration Executing Partner: Ministry of Tourism in project compliance to the government fiduciary and administrative and Wildlife requirements on the programming development assistance into the national economy. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● In response to COVID-19 impacts, the planned project interventions Project Manager: Fahd Al-Guthmy will be tailored to build the capacity of communities and conservancies (falguthmy@gmail.com) to restart their livelihood activities and enterprises in compliance with Project Start: July 2019 national pandemic regulations for the wildlife conservation and tourism sectors. The project will also explore alternatives to vehicles and Scheduled Completion: July 2024 aircraft patrols, such as drones, for the vast Tsavo parks. Tsavo landscape. © Gregoire Dubois. | 40    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 KENYA GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS ETH I OPI A COUNTY HEADQUARTERS Lomuru Itae Banya Fort Lokitaung NATIONAL CAPITAL Lokichokio Sabarei Malka Mari Kokoi COUNTY BOUNDARIES Banissa Ramu Mandera Kakuma INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES TURKANA Lake Sololo MANDERA MANDERA Eliye Springs Turkana North Horr Moyale Takaba Lodwar Lodwar Buite MARSABIT Kakododoga MARSABIT Buna Bute Helu El Wak Loiya Kargi UG A N DA Napolimuru Lokichar El Ben South Horr Marsabit Khorof Harar Kokusan Gakong Kangatet Tana RiverTarbaj WEST POKOT Lotongot Wajir Nakuijit Kalossia Kongelai Sigor Sebit Kapenguria Kolowa SAMBURU Barsaloi SAMBURU ISOLO Sericho S OMALI A TRANS NZOIA Suam BUNGOMA Kitale ELGEYO MARAKWET Kapedo Maralal Kisma Barsalinga Laikipia National Reserve Archer’s Kom WAJIR BARINGO Post Loruk Mando Bungoma UASIN BUSIA Busia GISHU Iten Kabarnet LAKIPIA Magado Samburu National Reserve Garba Tula Gashi KAKAMEGA Eldoret Sandai Isiolo Kinna Kakamega Rumuruti Kapsabet MERU Vihiga NANDI Nyahururu Saiya Nanyuki Meru Magadera VIHIGA Usenge Kisumu Saka SIAYA Ol Kalou THARAKA NITHI KISUMU KERICHO NYERI Kerugoya/ Kathwana Kericho Nakuru NYANDARUA Kutus Chuka Homa Bay Nyamira Nyeri Embu Garissa GARISSA HOMABAY NYAMIRA BOMET NAKURU KIRINYAGA EMBU Karungu Naivasha Murang’a Waita Nguni La ke Kisii KISII Bomet MURANGA Magina Kangondi Mwingi GARISSA Migori Kilgoris KIAMBU Thika Bura Kaimbu Hola Victo ria Lolgorien Narok NAIROBI KITUI Ndolo Corner Masabubu Kolbio MIGORI NAROK Ngong MACHAKOS Kitui NAIROBI Chematu Wayu Ijara Machakos Kakya Maasai Mara Nature Reserve Wenje Mangai Wote Kajiado Kiu MAKUENI TANA RIVER Bodhei Ashuwei Magadi TANA RIVER Selengai LAMU LAMU I N DI AN Tulu Lamu KAJIADO Amboseli National Park Mkunumbi KAJIADO Kibwezi Namanga Makutano Kathekani OC EAN Ol Tukai Kilaguni Tsavo Tsavo West National Park Koito Marikebuni Sala Dagamra KILIFI Malindi Voi KILIFI Taveta Mwatate Mackinnon TAITA TAVETA Park Kili MOMBASA KWALE Mombasa Ndavaya Kwale TA N Z A N I A Mwabungu Mrima Kisimachande Shimoni Maasai Mara wildebeest migration. © Gregoire Dubois. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  41 Malawi MALAWI Lower Shire Valley Landscape Project, part of the Shire Valley Transformation Program I Objective: To provide access to reliable gravity-fed irrigation and drainage services, secure land tenure for smallholder farmers, and strengthen management of wetlands and protected areas in the Shire Valley. The Lower Shire Valley Landscape Project is improving protected Project Sites: Lengwe National Park, Mwabvi area management, expanding a wildlife corridor, and supporting Wildlife Reserve, Majete Wildlife Reserve, collaborative efforts to prosecute wildlife crime. Matandwe Forest Reserve, Elephant Marshes Proposed Sustainable Use Wetland Reserve, Thyolo Escarpment Reforestation, PROGRESS and Thambani Forest Reserve ● In both cases where communities living around Lengwe National Species Focus: Elephants, nyalas, hippos, Park and Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve reported that two buffaloes had buffaloes, big cats been poached, the Community Policing Committees apprehended the poachers and brought them to the Department of National Parks Grant Amount: $5.6 million and Wildlife for prosecution. The poachers were taken to court and Executing Partner: Ministry of Natural convicted. Resources, Energy, and Mining; Ministry ● Communities are implementing livelihood and conservation activities, of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Water such as tree nursery management, village forest area management, Development; African Parks Network commercial fruit tree nursery management, community fisheries GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank management, goat rearing, and beekeeping, among others. Fifty-eight percent of all project beneficiaries are from marginalized groups, Contact: William Mgoola (wmgoola@ including women and youth. yahoo.co.uk) ● The first phase of the corridor study between Lengwe National Park Website: www.svtp.gov.mw and Majete Wildlife Reserve was completed. Findings indicate a Project Start: December 2014 potential corridor between the two protected areas. Stakeholder consultations are underway. Scheduled Completion: December 2023 Rangers with new uniforms and tents in Lengwe National Park. © Project team / GWP Malawi. | 42    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 MALAWI TANZANIA GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS REGION CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES “The material support from the Lower Mzuzu N O RT H E R N Shire Valley Landscape Project will ZAMBIA (MALAWI) assist in ensuring efficiency in the Lake way our staff work. As a ministry, we Malawi will continue working on protecting wildlife in collaboration with MOZAMBIQUE communities around the protected CENTRAL areas.” LILONGWE LILONGWE Dr. Michael Usi, Minister of Tourism, Wildlife and Culture MOZAMBIQUE Thambani Forest Reserve SOUTHERN Majete Blantyre Wildlife Reserve Thyolo Forest Reserve Lengwe National Park Elephant Marsh Matandwe Forest Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve New commercial tree nursery at Tiyanjane Club Reserve in Traditional Authority Tengani, Nsanje District. © Project team / GWP Malawi. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   43 Mali MALI Community-Based Natural Resource Management that Resolves Conflict, Improves Livelihoods, and Restores Ecosystems throughout the Elephant Range Objective: Protect Mali’s elephants in key sites and enhance the livelihoods of the local communities that live along the migration route to reduce human-elephant conflict. In light of Mali’s complex insecurity situation, a risk reassessment Project Sites: Lake Banzena protected mission was undertaken in March that resulted in an action plan area and Gourma Reserve detailing steps to launch the project safely. Species Focus: Elephants Grant Amount: $4.1 million PROGRESS Executing Partner: Ministry of the ● A security and safeguard assessment was completed in March 2020 Environment, Sanitation, and Sustainable to guide activity planning and resulted in an action plan for the safe Development; Mali Elephant Project launch and implementation of the project. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● An inception workshop was held in 2020, and the project team is on board. Agency Contact: Oumar Tamboura (oumar.tamboura@undp.org) ● On-the-ground implementation will start once the steering committee approves the annual work plan for 2021. Project Manager: Amadou Sow (amadsogmail@yahoo.fr) Project Start: September 2020 Elephants feeding while people cut branches Scheduled Completion: November 2024 as an easy way to feed their goats, but which causes great damage to the tree (“abusive cutting”). “The Gourma Elephant Biosphere Reserve, located in the Sahelian zone between the three administrative regions (Timbuktu, Mopti, and Gao), is one of the most important ecosystems in Mali in terms of biodiversity. In the Gourma area, there are many conflicts over natural resources between humans and elephants.” Mme. Bernadette Keita, Minister of Environment, Sanitation, and Sustainable Development © WILD Foundation. | 44    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 MALI GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE CAPITALS “This project will work at national, NATIONAL CAPITAL PROVINCE BOUNDARIES regional, and local levels to support INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES government capacity to fight wildlife ALGERIA crime, protect the Gourma elephants TOMBOUC TOU from poaching, and support local KIDAL communities in collective resource Kidal MAURITANIA Gourma Biosphere Reserve management. These sustainable Tombouctou G AO (Timbuktu) Gao resource management systems act at the local level to protect elephant MOPTI Kayes Mopti Banzena habitats while restoring the wider K AYES KOULIKORO NIGER SÉGOU ul é ecosystem and providing livelihood Ba Bao Ségou fin r Bani ge g Ni BAMAKO Koulikoro BURKINA BAMAKO FASO benefits.” Sikasso GUINEA DISTRICT DE BAMAKO SIK ASSO Dr. Susan Canney, Director of the Mali BENIN Elephant Project GHANA SIERRA TOGO LEONE CÔTE D’IVOIRE Elephants at a waterhole in the Gourma. © WILD Foundation. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   45 Mozambique MOZAMBIQUE Strengthening the Conservation of Globally Threatened Species in Mozambique through Improving Biodiversity Enforcement and Expanding Community Conservancies around Protected Areas Objective: To strengthen the conservation of globally threatened species through implementation of the Conservation Areas Act (improving biodiversity enforcement and expanding protected areas through community conservancies and targeted rural development action). The project engaged and built capacity of local communities for HWC Project Sites: Gorongosa National Park mitigation, restoration of degraded landscapes, and promotion of (Gorongosa-Marromeu Complex), Niassa sustainable livelihoods. Special Reserve, Pungue-DingueDingue Community Conservancy, Northern ● In Gorongosa National Park, 16 natural resources management commit- Rift Valley Community Conservancy, tees (NRMCs) were revitalized at the regulado level. Training sessions and Cheringoma Sub-Complex of on the roles and responsibilities of NRMCs, conservation law, activity Conservancies planning and reporting, financial management, governance and leader- ship, the GRP management plan, and conservancies were delivered to Species Focus: Elephants, rhinos, community members, traditional leaders, and government officials. cheetahs, leopards ● Five community nurseries were established in Tambarara, Canda, Grant Amount: $15.8 million Sadjunjira, Mucombezi, and Nhamacolomo communities. Maintenance Executing Partner: National Agency for materials and equipment were distributed and communities received Conservation Areas (ANAC), Gorongosa technical assistance. Restoration Project (GRP), WCS ● In Niassa Special Reserve (NSR), 25 communities were identified GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP and organized into five NRMCs distributed across four regulados. Six community development committees were created to assist in the Project Manager: Lolita Hilario Fondo implementation of NSR’s sustainable development program. (lolita.hilario@undp.org) ● A fire response team was created and deployed. It conducted a cold Start Date: March 2018 burn process in select areas in NSR, which reduces the amount of Scheduled Completion: March 2025 biomass in the area and thus the intensity of any future fires. ● ANAC stablished an anti-poaching coordination unit in Magude district of Maputo province to combat wildlife crime and IWT in a coordinated manner. ● In NSR, 5,978 different types of traps and 740 kilograms of bush meat was seized from 17 poaching camps, 10 illegal logging camps, 21 illegal mining camps, and 28 illegal fishing sites. | 46    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 TA N Z A N I A BOX 4.4 Human-Wildlife Niassa Special Reserve Coexistence Strategies in CABO DELGADO Pemba Gorongosa and Niassa Lago Malawi/ Nyasa/ Lichinga NIASSA Z A M B I A Niassa Competition over water resources often Nampula leads to HWC and is also a major cause Lago de Cahora Bassa TETE NAMPULA of water-borne disease; thus, mitigating MALAWI Tete conflict is an important activity for the project. In Gorongosa National Park, the ZAMBÉZIA team is hiring six community-based coexis- Quelimane tence collaborators who are all women. MAN I C A Twelve women candidates were selected Gorongosa National Park a e lt D and are currently undergoing training and ZIMBABWE Chimoio Za m b ezi S O FA L A evaluations. The conservation team built Beira and launched a new customized HWC I N D I A N O C E AN Field App on Blackview smartphones that the team utilizes in the field for real-time data collection on conflict incidents, activi- ties implemented, and regular monitoring of existing mitigation activities. These data INHAMBANE will later be used in Earth Ranger along- side real-time elephant movement data for GAZA Inhambane MOZAMBIQUE monitoring and operational purposes. GWP PROJECT SOUTH AFRICA PROJECT SITES Xai-Xai PROTECTED AREAS An interdepartmental human-wildlife MAPUTO PROVINCE CAPITALS coexistence coordination team was set MAPUTO CIDADE DE MAPUTO NATIONAL CAPITAL up within Gorongosa Restoration Project ESWATINI PROVINCE BOUNDARIES (GRP). In Niassa, an HWC team was INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES created and deployed in February 2020 in Mecula town to improve the HWC response to affected communities. This Fifteen women collaborators working on beehives and green team works together with the local admin- elephant fencing. istration to respond to HWC incidents. HWC mitigation activities also included setting up a hotline for the local communi- ties to report conflict incidences as they occur, establishing incident reports and a registry system, updating maps of HWC hotspots, and installing electric fencing and green fences in productive agriculture areas. For example, GRP is supporting the installation of 400 beehives at elephant crossings. Fifteen women collaborators will take ownership of them and operate elephant-proof fences while producing income-generating profits from honey. © Gorongosa Restoration Park. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   47 The Philippines PHILIPPINES Combating Environmental Organized Crime in the Philippines Objective: To combat environmental organized crime in the Philippines through legal and institutional reforms, capacity building in the full law enforcement chain, and to reduce demand for illegal wildlife and wildlife parts. The project focused on supporting the revision and adoption Project Sites: Metro Manila, region 7 of wildlife strategies and legislation and transitioning to remote (Cebu), region 13 implementation and online training in the face of the pandemic. Species Focus: Marine turtles, blue-naped parrots PROGRESS Grant Amount: $1.8 million ● In addition to legislative action to amend the Republic Act (RA) 9147, or Executing Partner: Biodiversity the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001, there Management Bureau, Department of is also an ongoing review and update of the 16-year-old Implement- Environment and Natural Resources ing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of RA 9147. This is a parallel move to (BMB-DENR) include appropriate amendments to the Wildlife Act into the updated IRR if the amendment bill is not enacted into law. GEF Implementing Agency: Asian Development Bank (ADB) ● The Basic Wildlife Law Enforcement Training (BWLE), initially planned for in-person, has been converted to a webinar format in close collabo- Project Manager: Mary Jean Caleda ration with field offices. Webinars will pilot modules on introductions (mjac.iwt@gmail.com) to controlled delivery, anti-money laundering, and protocol on safety Project Start: October 2018 inspection of wildlife. Scheduled Completion: December 2023 ● The development of a self-paced online version of the BWLE Training Course was initiated, which will enable participants to use the ADB eLearn portal until the government executing agency develops its e-learning portal. “The bureau hosts several foreign- ● An electronic system for CITES Permits (eCITESPH) is being improved, in coordination with DENR. Activities are being aligned with the govern- assisted projects. This project stands ment’s initiative toward a national single window system for trade out for its success in mainstreaming facilitation. its policy, capacity building, and ● A communication, education, and public awareness (CEPA) strategy demand reduction and CEPA outputs and action plan is being prepared based on results from consumer research. The project has continued strategizing for the CEPA into regular government programs campaign with the expectation that the pandemic will continue until and processes, and its continuous the end of the project. The CEPA strategy will give added attention to efforts in ensuring that whatever online/social media campaign because of quarantine restrictions. gains achieved are continued and sustained.” Theresa Tenazaas, Attorney, OIC Chief, Wildlife Resources Division and Head, Legal Unit, BMB-DENR | 48    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Batan Islands PHILIPPINES REGION III GWP PROJECT L uzon S tr a it (CENTRAL LUZON) Kalookan City PROJECT SITES PROJECT LANDSCAPES Valenzuela Babuyan SEAPORTS Islands Babuyan Channel Malabon Quezon City REGION CAPITALS Navotas NATIONAL CAPITAL NATIONAL Marikina CAPITOL REGION BOUNDARIES North Harbor REGION REGION IV-A MANILA San Juan (CALABARZON) INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Tuguegarao Manila CAR II Bay Mandaluyong Regions I Pasig City I ILOCOS REGION VIII EASTERN VISAYAS Luzon South Makati City San Fernando HarborPasay City Pateros CAR CORDILLERA ADMIN. REG. IX ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA Baguio Luzon Manila Ninoy Aquino Taguig II CAGAYAN VALLEY X NORTHERN MINDANAO International International Airport III CENTRAL LUZON XI DAVAO REGION Container III Terminal Parañaque NCR NATIONAL CAPITAL REG. XII SOCCSKSARGEN San Fernando IV-A IV-A CALABARZON XIII CARAGA Polillo Las Piñas IV-B MIMAROPA Port of Manila Islands Laguna de Bay BARMM BANGSAMORO NCR V BICOL AUTONOMOUS REG. IN MANILA Muntinlupa MUSLIM MINDANAO REGION V IV-A VI WESTERN VISAYAS Calamba (CALABARZON) Lubang Catanduanes VII CENTRAL VISAYAS Islands Calapan Marinduque Legazpi Mindoro Sibuyan Sea Burias M ind Ticao or oS Tablas Sibuyan Samar Busuanga tra Samar it Masbate Semirara Visayan VIII Culion Islands IV-B Linapacan Panay Sea Phi l i ppi ne Panay Cuyo Tacloban Se a Islands Leyte Iloilo Leyte Gulf Cebu Negros Dumaran Dinagat Cebu Dinagat VI Port of Cebu Bohol Lipata Port Siargao Siargao Mindanao XIII Palawan Sea VII Siquijor Camiguin Nasipit Port X Butuan Sulu Sea IX Cagayan de Oro Bugsuk Pagadian Green sea turtle Balabac Mindanao Mindanao (Chelonia mydas), a Cotabato Davao type of marine turtle Cagayan XI City Sulu Moro Gulf illegally caught for its green-hued meat and Davao Basilan BARMM Koronadal Gulf Sulu colorful shell. XII MA L AYSI A Tawi-Tawi Celebes Sea Sarangani “One or two agencies are relatively powerless to defeat the powerful, well-organized transnational crime syndicates. However, by working together, we can ensure greater success.” Ricardo Calderon, Former DENR OIC Assistant Secretary for Climate Change and Concurrent Director, BMB © Dr. Francesco Ricciardi / ADB. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  49 Republic of Congo REP. OF CONGO Strengthening the Management of Wildlife and Improving Livelihoods in Northern Republic of Congo Objective: To increase the capacity of the forest administration, local communities, and indigenous peoples to co-manage forests. The project continues to implement support for community livelihoods Project Sites: Nouabalé-Ndoki National and is making progress setting up a criminal records management Park and Ntokou-Pikounda National system and revising wildlife legislation. Park and their interzone, including the Forestry Development Units of Ngombé, Pikounda North, Kabo, and PROGRESS Loundoungou-Toukoula ● Income-generating activities were developed for the benefit of local Species Focus: Elephants, silverback communities and indigenous peoples bordering protected areas and gorillas, hippos, chimpanzees forest concessions. Activities included implementation of 106 cultured cocoa micro-projects and 1,000 agroforestry micro-projects; support for Grant Amount: $6.5 million 250 beekeeping households; establishment of 25 village savings and Executing Partner: Ministry of Forest credit groups; and recruitment of an NGO to support the activities of Economy the 118 community-based economic interest groups that were set up. GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank ● Five boreholes around Ntokou-Pikounda National Park were constructed. Construction of four storage facilities for agricultural Contact: Aimé Jean Blanchard Goulou products and rehabilitation of another facility is in progress. ( j.b.goulou@gmail.com) ● Training and support were provided for community tourism devel- Project Start: June 2017 opment activities at Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, including for Scheduled Completion: July 2021 administrative and land procedures and site development for tourist accommodation. Seventy-eight kilometers of access road to the park were also rehabilitated. Promotional materials including a short film on the park were produced. ● A canine unit of four sniffer dogs and three dog handlers began field missions to combat IWT. It led to the seizure of 13 yellow-backed duikers, five dwarf crocodiles, and one mantled guereza monkey in Ouesso. ● A computerized criminal records management system (CRMS) is being operationalized with the recruitment of a software development specialist and support of a joint ministerial task force. ● A revision of the 2008 law on wildlife and protected areas has been drafted and is undergoing review. | 50    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ● A sub-regional wildlife crime workshop in the Congo Basin led to the establishment of a wildlife crime and information exchange platform and the launch of an initiative to set up a sub-regional database (using the Wildlife Enforcement Monitoring System, or WEMS). The Japan Institute of Science and Technology and the Central African Forestry Commission are engaged to set up the WEMS database. ● WWF signed a delegated management agreement for the day-to-day management of Ntokou- Pikounda National Park. Five boreholes were drilled around the riverside villages of the Ntokou- Pikounda National Park, including in Mokouangou. © Project team / GWP Republic of Congo. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  51 South Africa SOUTH Strengthening Institutions, Information Management, and AFRICA Monitoring to Reduce the Rate of Illegal Wildlife Trade in South Africa Objective: To fight against illegal wildlife trade through institutional strengthening, improved information management and monitoring (and collaboration at an international level), thereby influencing the supply system at local (protected area), national (South Africa), and regional levels. The project is in the implementation phase and conducting Project Sites: Kruger National Park stakeholder meetings and preassessments of the CITES e-permitting Species Focus: Elephants, rhinos, big system. cats Grant Amount: $4.9 million PROGRESS Executing Partner: Department of ● The project management unit has been staffed, with the Project Environment, Forests, and Fisheries Steering Committee and Inter-Agency Oversight Committee onboard. Memoranda of agreement with project partners (SANParks, Peace GEF Implementing Agency: UNEP Parks Foundation, South African National Biodiversity Institute) have Project Manager: Mercedes Marele been signed. (mmarele@environment.gov.za) ● Field-level cluster meetings were held with stakeholders and mapping Project Start: November 2019 of communities were started with two implementing partners, the Southern African Wildlife College and Peace Parks Foundation. Scheduled Completion: May 2025 ● Preassessment of the CITES electronic permitting system has started in parts of the country. The objective is to assess the infrastructure (computers, servers) of selected provinces and their ability to imple- ment and deploy the system. “The project is about liberating wildlife and building resilient green communities from the people up!” Dr. Moscow Marumo, Programme Manager of Community Development, Peace Parks Foundation Community consultation with the Bende-Mutale Women’s Agricultural Group in the broader Makuya area, in the northern cluster. © Project team / GWP South Africa. | 52    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SOUTH AFRICA GEF-6 GWP PROJECT ZIMBABWE PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE CAPITALS BOTSWANA Great Limpopo MOZAMBIQUE Transfrontier NATIONAL CAPITAL Conservation L IMPO PO Area Park Kruger National PROVINCE BOUNDARIES Polokwane INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES (Pietersburg) Greater Kruger Area PRETORIA Nelspruit Mmabatho GAUTENG Lubombo Johannesburg MPUMALANGA Transfrontier NAMIBIA N O RTH WE S T ESWATINI Conservation and Resource Area Spioenkop Nature Reserve Kimberley FR E E S TAT E K WAZ U LU - Bloemfontein NATAL LESOTHO Ulundi (Pietermaritzburg) N O RTHERN C A P E ATLA NT I C IN D IAN OCE A N O C EAN EAS T E R N C APE Bisho W ES TERN C A P E Cape Town SANParks female Environmental Monitors on fence patrol in the Sabie River / Sabie Sands Wildtuin area, in the south-central cluster. © Project team / GWP South Africa. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  53 Tanzania TANZANIA Combating Poaching and Illegal Wildlife Trade in Tanzania through an Integrated Approach Objective: To combat poaching and the illegal wildlife trade in Tanzania through an integrated approach. The project has prepared a roadmap for implementation in 2021, Project Sites: Target ecological zones taking on board adaptive management measures to respond to the of Ruaha-Rungwa, Selous north, Selous impacts of COVID-19, and is collecting intelligence information to south, Burigi–Biharamulo–Rubondo, prepare for strengthening of anti-poaching operations. Serengeti southwest, Serengeti northeast, Kilimanjaro, Tarangire and Manyara, Katavi–Rukwa–Mahale, and PROGRESS Moyowosi-Ugalla ● The Tanzania IWT project document was officially signed in July 2020. Species Focus: Elephants, lions ● In August 2020, the project management team met at the Manyara GEF Grant Amount: $5.6 million National Park Headquarters and established the project management unit and project steering committee (PSC). The meeting endorsed a Executing Partner: Ministry of Natural preliminary six-month budget to implement initial activities, including Resources and Tourism, Wildlife Division convening the inception workshop and the first PSC meeting. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● A project inception workshop was held at Tanzania Forestry Research Project Manager: Theotimos Rwegasira Institute in Morogoro in December 2020. The objective was to gather (theotimos.rwegasira@maliasili.go.tz) partners and stakeholders, inform them of the project status, and officially initiate inception activities. Project Start: November 2020 ● The first meeting of the PSC was held in December 2020, at which Scheduled Completion: December 2025 roles, responsibilities, and composition of the PSC were clarified and endorsed. ● An in-depth environmental and social safeguards risk assessment will be initiated and proactive safeguards and risk management plans are being developed. “The natural resources of Tanzania provide a major support to the ● Project activities are expected to begin in 2021 in accordance with the finalized annual workplan and budget. national economy, with the tourism industry contributing about 25 percent of the foreign earning and creating about 1.5 million jobs directly and indirectly.” Dr. Aloyce Nzuki, Permanent Secretary Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Inception Workshop, Morogoro, December 7, 2020 Elephants in Ruaha. © Project team / GWP Tanzania. | 54    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 TANZANIA GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES TASK COORDINATION GROUPS (TCGS) WILDLIFE PROTECTED AREAS RUAHA-RUNGWA TCG SERENGETI NORTH EAST TCG KATAVI-RUKWE-MAHALE TCG KILIMANJARO TCG NATIONAL CAPITAL MOYOWOSI-UGALLA TCG TARANGIRE-MANYARA TCG PROVINCE BOUNDARIES BURIGI-BIHARAMULO-RUBONDO TCG SELOUS-NORTH TCG INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES SERENGETI SOUTH WEST TCG SELOUS-SOUTH TCG UGANDA La k e K E N Y A Vi ct o r i a Ibanda-Kyerwa Rumanyika-Karagwe Ikorongo MARA KAGERA Ikona RWANDA Saanane Grumeti Rubondo Loliondo Longido GCA Burigi-Chato Kijereshi Serengeti Lake Natron Enduimet MWANZA ARUSHA Kilimanjaro SIMIYU Ngorongoro GEITA Maswa KILIMANJARO BURUNDI Burunge Arusha SHINYANGA Makao Landanai G.C.A. Simanjiro G.C.A. DEM. REP. OF CONGO Kigosi Lake Manyara Ruvu Masai G.C.A Moyowosi Lolkisale G.C.A. Mkomazi KIGOMA Tarangire PEMBA Gombe Mkungunero NORTH Gombe Makame Kitwai G.C.A. Swaga Swaga Handeni TA N G A PEMBA TA B O R A SINGIDA SOUTH Luganzo-Tongwe MANYARA Ugalla River Saadani ZANZIBAR Lake NORTH Tanganyika DODOMA ZANZIBAR Ugalla Muhesi SOUTH Mahale Mts. DODOMA Wami Mbiki Pande ZANZIBAR K ATAV I Kizigo URBAN WEST Lua Katavi Rungwa Mbomipa DAR ES SALAAM Rukwa PWANI Lukwati Ruaha Udzungwa Mikumi Mountains Matambwe Lake RU K WA Rukwa M B E YA IRINGA Msolwa Kingupira Waga Liwale (Selous GR) MOROGORO Kitulo IN DIA N Umemaruwa Miguruwe Mount Rungwe Ilonga OC E A N Mpanga- Kilombero Kipengere Liwale (Nyerere NP) NJOMBE Likuyu Seka ZAMBIA LINDI Kalulu Msanjesi RUVUMA MTWARA MOZAMBIQUE Lukwika-Lumesule Liparamba Ruaha ecosystem in dry season. Lion, Tanzania. © Gregoire Dubois. © Project team / GWP Tanzania. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  55 Thailand THAILAND Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade, focusing on Ivory, Rhino Horn, Tiger and Pangolins in Thailand Objective: To reduce the trafficking of wildlife (focusing on elephant ivory, rhinoceros horns, tigers, and pangolins) in Thailand through enhanced enforcement capacity and collaboration and targeted behavior change campaigns. The project is setting up and strengthening institutional mechanisms Project Sites: National focus and collaborative platforms to combat IWT. Species Focus: Elephants, rhinos, pangolins, tigers PROGRESS Grant Amount: $4.0 million ● The findings of the 2019 ICCWC Indicator Framework Assessment have Executing Partner: Department of been used to tailor capacity building activities, which continued through National Parks, Wildlife and Plant 2020. Conservation (DNP), Royal Thai Police, ● The Thailand wildlife enforcement network (WEN) was reactivated. IUCN, TRAFFIC, TRACE Its organizational structure, role, and functions were revised, and Implementing Agency: UNDP the addition of law enforcement agency committees was proposed. Pending ministry-level approval, these revisions can help Thailand WEN Project Manager: Rattaphon become an effective national-level wildlife enforcement network. Pitakthepsombat (rattaphon. pitakthepsombat@undp.org) ● The Wildlife Crime Unit at the DNP was established in February 2020 to improve its response to IWT. Project Start: November 2018 ● The DNP intends to adopt an analytical information intelligence (IBM Scheduled Completion: November 2023 i2) database and analysis software to strengthen sharing of wildlife crime information and intelligence, with technical support and training from the project and WCS. WCS is in discussion to provide training on species identification skills and tools, such as the WildScan app of Online campaign with TRAFFIC to raise CITES-listed species. awareness about the new Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act 2019. ● Campaigns were designed and developed to raise awareness about the Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act 2019. Key visuals were shared with IWT partners and displayed on 300 digital screens at passenger check-in counters at Don Mueang and Suvarnabhumi international airports, with Airports of Thailand. The online campaigns generated public interest and social media engagement. © TRAFFIC. | 56    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Chiang Rai LAO “Illegal wildlife crimes monitoring Gulf Mae Hong Son PEOPLE'S VIETNAM Phayao of at the borders has been a challenge Chiang Mai Nan DEM. REP. Tonkin Ban Pengchan Checkpoint as it is constrained by the lack of Lamphun Lampang Rattanawapi District MYANMAR Phrae Nongkhai Province Uttaradit Loei Udon Nong Khai Nakhon Phanom coordination and shared information Thani Tak Sukhothai Phitsanulok Nong Bua Lamphu Sakon Nakhon across agencies at different Kalasin Mukdahan Kamphaeng Phet Phichit Phetchabun Khon Kaen Maha Roi Et levels, and cooperation from local Sarakham Chaiyaphum communities, exacerbated by Yasothon Nakhon Amnat Chareon Sawan Uthai Thani Chai Nat Buri Ram Ubon Sing Buri Ang Thong Lop Buri Nakhon Ratchasima Surin Si Sa Ket Ratchathani complicated laws and procedures Suphan Buri Saraburi Kanchanaburi Ayutthaya Pathum Thani Nonthaburi Nakhon Nayok Prachin Buri across agencies. I am so excited Nakhon Pathom Sa Kaeo BANGKOK A ndaman Samut Sakhon Ratchaburi Samut Samut Prakan Chachoengsao Chon to join the UNDP/GEF IWT project Songkram Buri Se a Phetchaburi CAMBODIA Rayong Chanta Buri as the head of the demo sites Trat Ko Rong activities because the project Prachuap Ko Kut Khiri Khan focuses coordination among relevant Gu lf Chumphon of law enforcement agencies and Ranong Th a ila n d communities at the provincial level Ko Phangan Surat Ko Samui THAILAND to tackle this illicit crime. This will Thani GWP PROJECT enable us to plan better to detect Phangnga Krabi Nakhon Si Thammarat PROJECT SITES Ko Phuket Phuket PROJECT DISTRICTS and arrest traffickers before they Trang Phattalung IWT PILOT SITES Sadao Songkhla Pattani Sadao Province go past the borders.” Satun District PROVINCE CAPITALS Ko Tarutao Yala Narathiwat NATIONAL CAPITAL Nuwat Leelapata, Director of Wildlife Check Sadao Checkpoint PROVINCE BOUNDARIES Point, CITES Wildlife Check Point Unit, DNP INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES MALAYSIA Consultation on IWT with head of national park at Songkhla landscape. © Rattaphon Pitakthepsombat / UNDP. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  57 Vietnam VIETNAM Strengthening Partnerships to Protect Endangered Wildlife in Vietnam Objective: To strengthen the legal and regulatory framework, and the related implementation capacity for the protection of threatened wildlife. The project contributed to the amendment of the Law on Project Site: National focus Environment 2020, which is critical for protecting endangered Species Focus: Primates, turtles, gaurus, species, and implemented targeted research, training, and strategic Edwards’s pheasants; demand reduction communications activities. of endangered species prioritized for protection regulated by Vietnamese PROGRESS government, including elephants, pangolins, tigers, rhinos ● Reviews and consultations generated technical inputs to support the revision and amendment of several laws in Vietnam. A landscape Grant Amount: $3.0 million management approach and biodiversity considerations were integrated Executing Partner: Ministry of Natural into the revised Law on Environment 2020, approved by the govern- Resources and Environment ment in November 2020. GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank ● Inputs were provided to the development of Directive 29/CT-TTg on urgent measures for managing wildlife in the context of COVID-19. Contact: Nguyen Thi Van Anh (nguyenvananh.bca@gmail.com) ● With the partner Asian Turtle Program, training was given to law enforcement staff, including environmental police, forest rangers, and Project Start: July 2019 protected area management units, to strengthen capacity to protect Scheduled Completion: December 2023 endangered turtles. ● Demand reduction activities were implemented, including the creation of communications products to raise awareness about wildlife trade and consumption in the context of COVID-19. Technical inputs were “In 2020, the project has fulfilled its also provided to Vietnam Television during the production of several documentaries and talk shows, focusing on the threats to wild birds, plan and regularly communicated and COVID-19 and wildlife consumption risks. with the project steering committee ● The Honoring Award was initiated for organizations or individuals who and other partners on biodiversity significantly contributed to wildlife conservation during 2010 to 2020. news with updates on the hunting, trading, and transport of wildlife, as well as the release of rescued species to the natural habitats.” Mr. Tran The Lien, Head of the Office of the Vietnam Administration of Forestry, Consultation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural workshop to Development, Member of the Project provide inputs to Steering Committee the amendments of wildlife laws. © Project team, GWP Vietnam. | 58    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 VIETNAM GWP PROJECT CH INA PROJECT SITES Ha Giang Cao Bang 4 5 PORTS Lai Chau Town Lao Cai 9 AIRPORTS 1 3 8 Bac Can 10 Tuyen PROVINCE CAPITALS 7 Quang Lang Son 2 Yen Bai 13 Thai Nguyen NATIONAL CAPITAL Viet Tri 12 Bac Giang Dien Son La 11 Vinh Yen 14 15 PROVINCE BOUNDARIES Bien Phu 6 HANOI Bac Ninh 17 Hai Duong Ha Long INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Hoa Binh 16 18 19 20 Hai Phong 21 Hung Yen Ha Nam 22 23 Thai Binh Ninh Binh Nam Dinh 24 25 26 L AO Thanh Hoa Gulf PEOPL E’S of 27 DEM . REP. To n k i n Hainan I. (China) Vinh 28 Ha Tinh 29 Dong Hoi PROVINCES Dong Ha 30 1 Lai Chau 32 Da Nang THAI L AND Hue 2 Dien Bien 33 Quang Nam 31 32 3 Lao Cai 34 Quang Ngai Da Nang 4 Ha Giang 35 Kon Tum 33 5 Cao Bang 36 Gia Lai Tam Ky 6 Son La 37 Binh Dinh Quang Ngai 7 Yen Bai 38 Phu Yen 34 8 Tu Yen Quang 39 Dak Lak 35 9 Bac Kan 40 Dak Nong Kon Tum 10 Lang Son 41 Khanh Hoa 37 11 Phu Tho 42 Binh Phuoc Pleiku 12 Vinh Phuc 43 Lam Dong 36 Quy Nhon 13 Thai Nguyen 44 Ninh Thuan 14 Bac Giang 45 Tay Ninh 38 15 Quang Ninh 46 Binh Duong Tuy Hoa 39 16 Ha Noi 47 Dong Nai 17 Bac Ninh 48 Binh Thuan CAMBODIA Buon Ma Thuot 41 18 Hung Yen 49 T.P. Ho Chi Minh 40 Nha Trang Gia Nghia 19 Hai Duong 50 Ba Ria-Vung Tau Da Lat 20 Hai Phong 51 Long An 42 44 43 21 Hoa Binh 52 Tien Giang 45 Dong Xoai Phan Rang- Thap Cham 22 Ha Nam 53 Dong Thap Tay Ninh Thu Dau 46 47 23 Thai Binh 54 Ben Tre Mot 48 Bien Hoa Phan Thiet 24 Ninh Binh 55 An Giang Ho Chi Minh City 49 53 51 25 Nam Dinh 56 Vinh Long 55 Cao Lanh 50 Tan An 26 Thanh Hoa 57 Tra Vinh Long Xuyen Vinh Long 52 My Tho Vung Tau 27 Nghe An 58 Kien Giang Phu Rach Gia 59 56 Ben Tre 54 Can Tho lta 28 Ha Tinh 59 Can Tho Quoc 58 60 57 Tra Vinh Vi Thanh De 29 Quang Binh 60 Hau Giang 61 Soc Trang 30 Quang Tri 61 Soc Trang Gulf ng 62 o of ek 31 Thua Thien Hue 62 Bac Lieu Ca Mau Bac Lieu M 63 Ca Mau Thailand 63 Law enforcement training. © Project team / GWP Vietnam. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  59 Zambia ZAMBIA Zambia Integrated Forest Landscape Project Objective: To improve landscape management and increase the flow of benefits for targeted rural communities in the Eastern Province. The Zambia Integrated Forest Landscape Project (ZIFLP) is supporting Project Sites: Lukusuzi National Park and on-the-ground activities to improve landscape management and Luambe National Park increase environmental and economic benefits for targeted rural Species Focus: Elephants and lions communities in the Eastern Province. Grant Amount: $8.1 million PROGRESS Executing Partner: Ministry of Agriculture, and Department of National ● Solar-powered seasonal agricultural fences were installed in eight Parks and Wildlife, Forestry Department areas in the Lumimba Game Management Area (GMA) to reduce crop raiding and damage by elephants. The fences are used during the GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank growing season and removed and stored for use in the next season. Contact: Tasila Banda (tasilabanda.ziflp@ Thirty-four community members (31 men and three women) were gmail.com) trained on fence maintenance and management. Project Start: January 2018 ● The Department of National Parks was supported to enter into an agreement with a partner to develop sustainable wildlife manage- Scheduled Completion: August 2022 ment initiatives that can benefit rural communities living adjacent to Lukusuzi and Luambe National Parks and the surrounding GMAs. Confiscated ivory. ● The general management plan for Luambe National Park, which defines guidelines around resource preservation and visitor use, has been developed; it is awaiting ministerial approval. ● Support was provided for infrastructure, equipment, and technology, such as rugged phones, in Luambe and Lukusuzi National Parks. ● A total of 1,173 field operations, which included 528 day patrols and two cross-border operations, was carried out in three protected areas, resulting in 149 arrests. The operations resulted in the seizure of two leopard skins, one pangolin and one pangolin skin, 17 kilograms of elephant bones, 190 kilograms of assorted game meat, and 178 kilograms of elephant ivory. ● Through the Ministry of Agriculture, 2.5 million agro-forestry seedlings were raised and are being distributed to farmers for the 2020/21 plant- ing season. ● A total of 478 metal silos were fabricated and distributed to farmer field schools in 239 agriculture camps in the project’s area of influence. The objective is to address postharvest loss due to lack of adequate storage facilities. ● Thirty-six percent of the farmers in the project have adopted CSA practices and nearly 50,000 hectares of agriculture land have been © ZIFLP. brought under CSA practices, resulting in increase in crop yields. | 60    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ● The Department of Forestry, with project support, initiated three additional forest reserve manage- ment plans, now totaling 13 management areas in development. This represents 104,246 hectares of forest land area to be under sustainable forest management. The management plans will be adopted after their review. ● Four learning experiences were held, involving 14 districts teams and 11 community forest management groups (CFMGs) with a total of 67 participants. As a result, six CFMGs managing 14,472 hectares of forest land area developed management plans and applied for the transfer of user rights, which were granted. ● A total of 435 farmers were trained in the use of Assisted Natural Regeneration to restock degraded forest areas at household or farmstead level. The Forest Department supplied them with indigenous tree seedlings to restock their forests. Lake Tanganyika ZAMBIA GWP PROJECT TANZ ANIA Lake Mweru PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS D E M O C R AT I C R E P U B L I C OF CONGO NO N oR rT He th Er RnN PROVINCE CAPITALS Kasama NATIONAL CAPITAL Chinsali PROVINCE BOUNDARIES MU M cH uC Ng h iI n Ga A Mansa Lake INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Bangwelu Lake uA LU aP pU la uL A Lukusuzi National Park Malawi/ Niassa/Nyasa Luambe National Park M O Z AM B IQ U E Solwezi ANGOLA oP CO pE pP eRr- Ndola BEeL t lT NO N oR th rT H -- MA L AW I WE W sT eS eR tE rn N Chipata nTt R CCEeN raA lL EASTERN Kabwe Mongu LUSAKA MOZAMBIQUE LUSAKA WWEeS tE sT eR rnN LUSAKA PR P rO ov Nc V iI n CeE oU SS O uT he tH ERrn N PR P ov rO Nc V iI n C eE Lake Kariba ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA Livingstone Agro-forestry seedling BOTSWANA distribution. Installation of solar-powered seasonal agricultural fences. © ZIFLP. © ZIFLP. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  61 Zimbabwe ZIMBABWE Strengthening Biodiversity and Ecosystems Management and Climate-Smart Landscapes in the Mid to Lower Zambezi Region of Zimbabwe Objective: To promote an integrated landscape approach to managing wildlife resources, carbon, and ecosystem services in the face of climate change in the protected areas and community lands of the Mid to Lower Zambezi Regions of Zimbabwe. The Zimbabwe project has increased anti-poaching capacity, Project Sites: Mbire, Muzarabani, and supported partners affected by COVID-19, and reached agreement Northern Part of Hurungwe; Mana Pools; with communities to form six new community wildlife conservancies. Charara, Chewore, Sapi, Hurungwe, Dande, and Doma safari areas PROGRESS Species Focus: Elephants, lions, buffaloes ● The Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority’s (ZMPWA) budget has been severely affected by the loss in tourism revenues Grant Amount: $12.0 million from COVID-19. To address the rise in poaching exacerbated by Executing Partner: Ministry of COVID-19, additional equipment, rations, and fuel were provided to Environment, Climate, Tourism and the ZPWMA. The purchase of four boats and two drones to patrol the Hospitality Industry Zambezi River, which is a major point for cross-border poaching, was also initiated. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● To combat illegal fishing in Lake Kariba and the Zambezi River, which Project Manager: Chipangura Chirara divide Zimbabwe and Zambia and are livelihood sources for nearby (chipangura.chirara@undp.org) communities, nine park rangers and six staff from the Zimbabwe Project Start: September 2018 National Army received training to become certified coxswains with anti-poaching skills. This training was conducted in partnership with Scheduled Completion: August 2024 ZPWMA. ● The review process for the Parks and Wildlife Act will be accelerated ZimParks ranger. within COVID-19 restrictions. Consultations have revealed the need for a national Human-Wildlife Conflict Management Policy, which will be developed concurrently. ● With the support and coordination of the project, IWT seizures in the project area have increased 20 percent from baseline, and arrests and successful prosecutions have risen 376 percent and 439 percent, respectively. ● The consultations process with communities on establishing commu- nity-based wildlife management (CBWM) has been concluded. Commu- nities in all six proposed community wildlife conservancies agreed to form trusts to run the conservancies, and boundaries have been marked. A cumulative 141,875 hectares are now under CBWM. ● A small grants component was set up to generate community livelihood options, such as beekeeping, community gardening, and provision of clean water for drinking and irrigation, to help reduce pressures on natural resources. Four NGOs have been awarded grants so far to © ZPWMA. implement these initiatives. | 62    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ● A consultancy was commissioned on a Gender Mainstreaming Strategy and Action Plan that will identify key strategies, actions, indicators, and targets for improving gender equality and women’s empowerment under the project. Elephant in Hwange National Park. ZAMBIA Chewore Safari Area Sapi Safari Area Dande Safari Area MOZAMBIQUE Mana Pools National Park Chirundu 5 23 Muzarabani Hurungwe Safari Area 2 3 4 13 12 11 16 9 5 4 1 24 7 6 8 19 27 17 2 District 8 Lake Kariba 9 Mbire 29 9 20 10 21 Kariba Karoi District 13 28 Charara Safari Area Hurungwe M AS H O N A L A N D District CENTRAL Bindura N D Chinhoyi LA Mutoko Mutoko O NA T HARARE H A S S E M AS H O N A L A N D MA Victoria Falls Norton W E S T Chegutu Chitungwiza Marondera Nyanga Gokwe Hwange Kadoma Rusape Lupane Kwekwe Mutare MA Redcli M ATA B M ATA BE LE EL EL LA ND AN D MIDLANDS NIC NO N RT H O RT H ALA Gweru ZIMBABWE GWP PROJECT ND Chimanimani Masvingo Bulawayo PROJECT SITES Chipinge PROTECTED AREAS Plumtree Zvishavane M AS V I N G O © Gregoire Dubois. PROJECT DISTRICTS ATA MM B EBLEELLEALN ATA ADND PROJECT WARDS SOSUOT UHT H Gwanda Chiredzi Triangle SELECTED CITIES/ TOWNS PROVINCE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL Beitbridge BOTSWANA DISTRICT BOUNDARIES PROVINCE BOUNDARIES MOZAMBIQUE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES SOUTH AFRICA View over Zambezi River. © Project team / GWP Zimbabwe. SECTION 4: PROGRESS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GEF-6 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   63 © Shutterstock. | 64    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 5 INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS Contents Angola.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Belize. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Bhutan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Cambodia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Chad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Democratic Republic of Congo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Ecuador. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 India. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Indonesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Madagascar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Malaysia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Namibia.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Nigeria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Pakistan.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Panama.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 South Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 South Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  65 Angola ANGOLA Strengthen Management and Climate Change Resilience in Angola’s Conservation Areas for Sustainable Development Objective: To improve the management of national parks in targeted Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in southern Angola and strengthen the resilience of local communities and ecosystems to climate change. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Luengue-Luiana National Park (part of the Kavango-Zambezi ● Strengthening the resilience of local communities to climate change in Transfrontier Conservation Area) and Iona targeted TFCAs​. National Park (part of the Iona-Skeleton ● Improving conservation area management and wildlife conservation in Coast Transfrontier Conservation Area) targeted TFCAs. Species Focus: African buffaloes, African ● Enhancing the technical and institutional capacity of climate change elephants, African penguins, African wild and conservation institutions. dogs, Cape gannets, cheetahs, Damara terns, leopards, lions, ostriches, white rhinos ● Facilitating project monitoring, knowledge management, and sharing of lessons learned. Grant Amount: $14.8 million Executing Partner: Angola National Institute PROGRESS for Biodiversity and Protected Areas ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for GEF Implementing Agency: implementation. Conservation International Government Contact: Giza Gaspar- Martins (gizagm@gmail.com) Agency Contact: Charity Nalyanya (cnalyanya@conservation.org) Expected Start Date: July 2021 Movement of African elephants at Luengue- Luina National Park, Angola. © Miguel Xavier. | 66    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 ANGOLA GABON GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROVINCE CAPITALS REP UBL I C PROTECTED AREAS NATIONAL CAPITAL OTHER LANDSCAPES PROVINCE BOUNDARIES OF CO N G O INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES “This project supports Angola’s D E MO C R AT I C CABINDA R E P UBL I C O F CO N G O transition to a resilient economy Cabinda and low carbon pathway. This project M’banza Congo ZAIRE UÍGE builds on past and ongoing climate Uíge change and conservation initiatives, BENGO LUANDA Caxito CUANZA- LUNDA- Lucapa promotes entrepreneurship and NORTE NORTE MAL AN JE N’Dalatando Malanje ecotourism in conservation areas, LUANDA Saurimo LUNDA-SUL and strengthens public-private Sumbe CUANZA-SUL partnerships.” ATLA NTI C O CE A N Luena Her Excellency Paula Francisco, Benguela HUAMBO Kuito Secretary of State for Environment, Huambo BIÉ BENGUELA MOXICO Ministry of Culture Tourism and Environment Menongue Z AM BIA NAMIBE HUÍLA Lubango Namibe CUANDO Iona National Park CUBANGO Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier CUNENE Conservation Area Ondjiva Luengue-Luiana National Park Iona-Skeleton Coast Transfrontier Conservation Area N AMI B I A BOTSWA N A Blue wildebeest at Luengue-Luiana National Park, Angola. © Miguel Xavier. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  67 Belize BELIZE Enhancing Jaguar Corridors and Strongholds Through Improved Management and Threat Reduction Objective: To secure jaguar corridors and strengthen the management of jaguar conservation units through reduction of current and emerging threats, development of sustainable wildlife economy, and enhanced regional cooperation. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Central Corridor, Northern Biological Corridor, and Southern Corridor ● Conserving wildlife and habitats. Species Focus: Jaguars ● Promoting a more wildlife-friendly economy. Grant Amount: $1.2 million ● Combating wildlife crime and unsustainable hunting. Executing Partner: Ministry of Sustainable ● Coordinating and enhancing knowledge. Development, Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management, Forest Department PROGRESS GEF Implementing Agency: United Nations ● This project was GEF CEO approved in May 2021 and is preparing for Development Programme (UNDP) implementation. Government Contact: Dr. Kenrick W. Williams (ceo@environment.gov.bz) Agency Contact: Diane Wade (diane. wade@undp.org) Expected Start Date: August 2021 Camera trap photo of a jaguar in Central Corridor, Belize. © Panthera / UB-ERI, Southampton University, Belize Forest Department. | 68    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 BELIZE C h e tu m a l GWP PROJECT Corozal Bay PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS OTHER LANDSCAPES COROZAL MEXICO PROVINCE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL PROVINCE BOUNDARIES Orange Walk INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES *APPROXIMATE LOCATION *Northern Biological Corridor O R A N G E WA L K BELIZE Belize Zoo- managed Belize City property Runaway Creek Monkey Bay Private Reserve Monkey BayReserve National Park Manatee Monkey Bay Private Forest Reserve BELMOPAN C AYO Sibun Forest Reserve Dangriga C a rib b e a n Sittee River Sea GUATEMALA Forest Reserve Chiquibul S TA N N C R E E K National Park Maya Mountain Forest Reserve Columbia River Deep River Forest Reserve Forest Reserve Golden Corridor Preserve TOLEDO Punta Gorda G u lf o f H o n d u ra s “A priority of our government is to strengthen implementation of key actions relating to the protection and reduction of pressures on cornerstone species such as the jaguar, which is endemic and native to this region and is embedded and woven into the cultural and economic fabric of Belize. This project will allow for the enabling environment and activities to meet these critical national objectives.” Dr. Kenrick W. Williams, CEO, Ministry of Sustainable Development, Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   69 Bhutan BHUTAN Mainstreaming Biodiversity Conservation into the Tourism Sector in Bhutan Objective: Model ecotourism development mainstreams biodiversity conservation into the tourism sector in Bhutan. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary, Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary, ● Enabling and coordinated policy and institutional framework for and surrounding landscapes ecotourism and wildlife conservation. Species Focus (flagship species for ● Demonstration of innovative and diversified ecotourism landscapes that ecotourism): Red pandas, black-necked support human-wildlife coexistence. cranes, Ludlow’s Bhutan Glory butterflies, ● Ecotourism capacity, promotion, knowledge management, and golden langurs, golden mahseers, birds monitoring and evaluation. Grant Amount: $4.9 million Executing Partner: Tourism Council of PROGRESS Bhutan ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP implementation. Government Contact: Pema Bazar (pbazar@gnhc.gov.bt) Red panda, Bhutan. Agency Contact: Chimi Rinzin (chimi. rinzin@undp.org) Expected Start Date: July 2021 “Our project will demonstrate long- term conservation gains through the management of co-benefits and trade-offs, premised on our development philosophy of Gross National Happiness. It forms an integral part of our ‘Tourism Flagship Programme’ to promote Bhutan as an exclusive high-end travel destination.” Rinchen Wangdi, Director and GEF Operational Focal Point, Gross National Happiness Commission © Sonam Wangdi / Department of Forests and Park Services, Bhutan. | 70    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 BHUTAN GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES DZONGKHAG (DISTRICT) CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL PROTECTED AREAS DZONGKHAG (DISTRICT) BOUNDARIES OTHER LANDSCAPES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Bumdeling Wildlife GASA Sanctuary Kurtoe Gasa Khoma Bumdeling LHUENTSE PUNAKHA BUMTHANG Gangzur Lhuentse TRASHI THIMPHU YANGTSE Trashiyangtse Sakteng Punakha WANGDUE Trashi Wildlife PARO Yangtse THIMPHU PHODRANG Jakar Sanctuary Trongsa Wangdue Paro Phodrang TRONGSA Shermung Drametse Sakteng Haa Mongar Trashigang HAA Saling TRASHIGANG Merak Zhemgang Mongar Nangkor MONGAR Kangpara Chhukha Daga Trong Silambi TSIRANG ZHEMGANG Gongdue SAMTSE DAGANA SARPANG SAMDRUP CHHUKHA Damphu Bjoka Pemagatshel Samtse PEMA JONGKHAR Sarpang Phangkhar Ngangla GATSHEL Samdrup Jongkhar Local community members of Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary celebrate biocultural diversity, Bhutan. © UNDP. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  71 Cambodia CAMBODIA Cambodia Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Project Objective: To improve protected areas’ management and promote ecotourism opportunities and non- timber forest product value chains in the Cardamom Mountains-Tonlé Sap (CMTS) landscape. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Cardamom Mountains-Tonlé Sap Landscape (CMTS). Sites include ● Strengthening capacity for protected areas’ landscape planning and Tonle Sap Biosphere Multiple Use Area, management. Phnom Sankos Wildlife Sanctuary, Central ● Strengthening opportunities for ecotourism and non-timber forest Cardamom Mountains National Park, product (NTFP) value chains. Phnom Aural Wildlife Sanctuary, Southern Cardamom Mountains National Park, Tatai ● Project management, coordination, and monitoring and evaluation. Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Biodiversity Corridor, Phnom Kulen National Park, Kirirom PROGRESS National Park, Dong Peng Multiple Use Area, ● Seven working groups on protected area zoning and management Botum Sakor National Park, Peam Krasop have been established. The consultation process for PA zoning has Wildlife Sanctuary, Samlaut Multiple Use been finalized for three PAs. Area, Koh Kapik, and associated islets ● Boundary demarcation for five community protected areas (CPAs) has Grant Amount: $4.4 million been completed; full legalization process has been finalized for four Executing Partner: Ministry of Environment of those, which includes developing policy guidelines and by-laws, GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank forming management structures, and developing management plans. Project Manager: Khin Mengkheang ● The law enforcement strategy and action plan will be rolled out in 2021. (mengkheang.khin@gmail.com) ● Three law enforcement orientation training courses have been held Agency Contacts: Maurice Andres Rawlins for officials of the Administration for Nature and Conservation and (mrawlins1@worldbank.org); Gayatri other relevant officials at national and subnational levels, and with local Kanungo (gkanungo@worldbank.org) communities. Start Date: May 14, 2020 ● Six NTFPs have been studied and pre-selected for value chain devel- opment: blue mussels, mud crabs, cardamom, wild honey, softwood Acacia, and bamboo/rattan. See box 5.1 for more details. ● Two national ecotourism forums (2020 and early 2021) were hosted. ● A detailed study on public-private partnerships for conservation- compatible economic activities in the project area has been finalized and will be published in spring 2021. ● The 10th National Forum on Natural Resources Protection and Conser- vation under the theme “Enhancing Local Food Production to Attract Tourists” was organized in July 2020. ● A report titled Enabling Ecotourism Development in Cambodia was prepared on the issues and challenges relating to this sector in Cambodia. It suggests that developing ecotourism can create jobs for rural areas and produce the revenues needed to help manage Cambodia’s extensive protected area network. | 72    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 CAMBODIA GWP PROJECT L AO P. D. R. PROJECT SITES THAILAND PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL Samraong PROVINCE BOUNDARIES ODDAR MEANCHEY INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES BANTEAY Phnom Kulen Preah Vihear R ATANAKIRI MEANCHEY National Park STUNG TRENG Ban Lung PREAH Serei Saophoan VIHEAR SIEM REAP Stung Treng Siem Reap Tonle Sap Biosphere Tonle Multiple Use Area Battambang PAILIN B AT TA M B A N G Sap Pailin KAMPONG THOM MONDULKIRI K R AT I É Stueng Saen Cardamom Samlout Biodiversity Pursat Kratié Multiple Phnom Corridor Senmonorom Use Area Somkos P U R S AT Kampong Wildlife Chhnang K AMPONG Sanctuary Central KAMPONG CHAM Cardamom Phnom CHHNANG Mountains Aoral Kampong Suong TBOUNG National Wildlife Cham KHMUM VIETNAM Park Sanctuary Khemarak PHNOM PENH Phoumin Peam Krasaob K O H K O N G Kirirom Chbar Mon PHNOM PENH Wildlife Sanctuary National Ta Khmau Prey Veng Ta Tai Wildlife Park KAMPONG PREY Koh Kapi Sanctuary SPEU KANDAL SVAY Koh Botum VENG RIENG Kong Sakor Southern Cardamom National Mountains National Park Svay Rieng G ulf of Thailand Park Dong Peng Doun Multiple Use Area Kaev KAMPOT TAKEO SIHANOUK- Koh Rong VILLE Kampot Koh Rong Sanloem Sihanoukville KEP Kep Cardomom Mountains. © Shutterstock. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  73 “The Cardamom Mountains are one of the last great wilderness regions of mainland Southeast Asia, blanketing much of Southwest Cambodia in rainforest. An area of outstanding natural beauty and astonishing biodiversity, it offers significant potential for the development of sustainable ecotourism for adventurous and environmentally conscious travelers who want to venture off the beaten track.” H.E Khieu Borin, Director General of the General Directorate of Local Community, Ministry of Environment, and Project Director of the Sustainable Landscape and Ecotourism Project, at the 10th National Forum on Natural Resources Protection and Conservation, July 31, 2020 BOX 5.1 Creating Conservation-Compatible Economic Activities in the Cardamom Mountains of Cambodia Income streams for communities in the Cardamom Mountains include rice, fruit trees, and root crops. Communities collect NTFPs, such as bamboo, rattan, and resin, but collecting has been reduced over time and is typically demand-led through specific buyers. Illegal forest activities, such as logging and hunting, make up a proportion of income for some forest communities or surrounding villages. In general, poorer community members use the forest to cover medical expenses and food deficits, and richer community members use it to increase wealth and buy assets. These activities have been reinforced during the COVID-19 crisis because forests continue to be important safety nets for communities. Conservation-compatible economic opportunities are an important complement to jobs from ecotourism and NTFP value chains and are critical for income diversification for rural communities in the Cardamom Mountains. The project adopts a structured market systems development approach to help better organize existing NTFPs and conservation- compatible economic activities, develop new NTFPs and livelihood activities, and improve the skills and capacities of rural communities. NTFP: Blue mussels. NTFP: Cardamom plants. © Shutterstock. © Shutterstock. The project has studied and selected six products for value chain development: blue mussels, mud crabs, cardamom, wild honey, softwood acacia and bamboo/rattan. These products can provide communities with conservation-compatible alternatives to unsustainable extractive livelihoods. Blue mussel aquaculture, for example, is estimated to generate around $1,200 per household per year, presenting a lucrative and sustainable form of income. Acacia trees not only can be a good source of local income and protected area financing, they can also be planted in highly degraded areas and be used for intercropping with agricultural crops. The next steps are to develop guidelines for the implementation of the value chains, engage with private sector actors to establish public-private partnerships, and engage with NGOs that will be supporting the value chain development. | 74    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Chad CHAD Chad Local Development and Adaptation Project (ALBIÄ) Objective: To improve the management of natural resources and the livelihood of populations in selected climate vulnerable areas in and around the Ouadi Rimé and Ouadi Achim (OROA) Reserve in Chad. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Site: Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim Game Reserve ● Sustainable natural resources management and protected areas. Species Focus: Dama gazelles, oryxes, ● Promoting diversified, resilient, sustainable livelihoods. addax gazelles, striped hyenas, and ● Project management, coordination, and monitoring. ostriches in the reserve; elephants at national level PROGRESS Grant Amount: $4.5 million ● The Project Coordination Unit (PCU) team was established on October Executing Partner: Ministry of 15, 2020 and has since developed an action plan, work plan, and Environment and Fisheries annual budget for 2021. GEF Implementing Agency: World Bank ● Within the framework of wildlife protection, terms of reference have Government Contact: Abakar Ibrahim been developed to produce: Mikail (abakarmikail@yahoo.fr) ● Inventory of national environmental laws, specifically pertaining to wildlife Implementing Partner Contact: John Watkin ( johnw@saharaconservation.org) ● Five-year capacity building plan for the Directorate of Legal Affairs and Litigation of the Ministry of Environment and Fisheries Agency Contact: Aurelie Rossignol ● Five-year information and awareness plan on biodiversity conserva- (arossignol@worldbank.org) tion-related policies in the national judicial system Start Date: September 22, 2020 ● The PCU is finalizing the agreement for the delegated management of investments in OROA, to be signed in spring 2021 with Sahara Conser- vation Funds. Reintroduction of addax gazelles in OROA, Chad. ● The project officially launched in early 2021, supported with the broad- cast of a 3D video, which can be viewed at https://wbgvr.org/Albia. “As we—humans—encroach on animal habitats, using that land for agriculture, mining, cities, we are destroying natural buffer zones distancing humans from animals. This project represents a great opportunity in restoring such a buffer zone and conserving natural resources and sustaining livelihood in and around Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim Wildlife Reserve in Chad.” Maria Sarraf, Practice Manager for Environment, Natural Resources and Blue Economy for West Africa Region, World Bank © T. Wacher. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  75 CHAD The video of the official signing of the project GWP PROJECT in June 2020 can be viewed here: https://www. L I B Y A PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS youtube.com/watch?v=Hyl0uNZdU0Q PROVINCE CAPITALS B a rda ï NATIONAL CAPITAL PROVINCE BOUNDARIES TIBESTI INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES NIGER ENNEDI-OUEST Faya - La rge a u ENNEDI-EST BORKOU Fa d a Fad Am- D j a ra s s O ua d i R im é - O ua d i KANEM Ach im G a m e Reser ve WA D I F I R A SUDAN B ARH-EL- G AZEL Biltine Mao Mo us s o ro Ab é c h é LAC B AT H A OUADDAÏ B ol At i “Sustainable wildlife management Ma s s a ko r y Mas HADJER-LAMIS Mo n go G oz B e ï d a and restoring the habitat for wildlife N'DJAMENA NIGERIA N'DJAMENA N'DJAMENA SILA species are today more important CHARI-BAGUIRMI GUÉRA Am Ti ma n than ever.” S A L A M AT B ongor Brahim Mahamat Djamaladine, Minister of M AYO - K E B B I E S T Environment and Fisheries M AYO - K E B B I TA N D J I L É OUEST MOYEN-CHARI Pala La i LOGONE Sarh D o ba O CC I D E N TA L MANDOUL Moundou LOGONE CENTRAL CAMEROON O R I E N TA L AFRICAN REPUBLIC Community consultation in Arada, Chad. © A. Rossignol / World Bank. | 76    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Democratic Republic of DEM. REP. OF CONGO Congo Kabobo-Luama Protected Area Landscape Management Objective: Strengthen the management of the Kabobo-Luama protected area landscape and enhance conservation of endangered species for local sustainable development and global biodiversity benefits. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Kabobo Wildlife Reserve, Luama-Katanga Hunting Reserve, and ● Institutional capacity for landscape management and biodiversity Ngandja Natural Reserve conservation. Species Focus: Bongo antelopes, ● Enhanced protected area management and reduced poaching of key buffaloes, chimpanzees, red colobuses, species. elephants ● Improved livelihoods. Grant Amount: $3.7 million ● Mainstreaming of safeguards and knowledge management. Executing Partners: Ministry of Environment and Sustainable PROGRESS Development, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Congolese Institute for the ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for Conservation of Nature (ICCN) implementation. GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP Implementing Partner Contacts: Ben Balongelwa (b.balongelwa@gmail.com); “The Kabobo Wildlife Reserve is of great use to us Deo Kujirakwinja (dkujirakwinja@wcs.org) [the communities] for the protection of our heritage Agency Contact: Charles Wasikama (charles.wasikama@undp.org ) against the destruction of habitats by outsiders, but Expected Start Date: June 2021 also for the protection of our cultural sites and our places of communion with our ancestors.” Ngoyi Miketo Kasomoyo, Chief of Miketo Village “Understand that the conservation of protected areas is not only about protecting species and habitats but also about ensuring local development and guaranteeing the involvement of the different actors in finding solutions to social and ecological problems.” Dr. Cosma Wilungula, Director General, ICCN SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  77 CE N T R A L A F R I C A N SOUTH R E P U BL I C S UDA N Gbadolite NORD-UBANGI BAS-UELE Gemena HAUT-UELE Buta CAMEROON SUD-UBANGI MONGALA Isiro Lisala ITURI Bunia Lake UGAN DA Albert Kisangani ÉQUATEUR Mbandaka Boende TSHOPO GABON R E P. O F TSHUAPA NORD- Lake Edward Lake CO N G O KIVU Victoria Goma Inongo RWANDA Bukavu Bandundu MAÏ-NDOMBE Kindu SUD-KIVU BURUNDI KINSHASA SANKURU MANIEMA KINSHASA Ngandja Natural Reserve CABINDA Kenge KWILU KASAÏ Lusambo Kabobo Wildlife Reserve (ANGOLA) KONGO CENTRAL KASAÏ ATLA NTIC Matadi Kananga ORIENTAL KABINDA Kalemie Luama-Katanga OCEAN Kalemie Hunting Reserve KWANGO Tshikapa KASAÏ Mbuji-Mayi Kabinda KASAÏ TANGANYKA Lake CENTRAL CENTRAL Tanganyika TA N Z AN I A HAUT-LOMAMI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO Kamina Lake GWP PROJECT ANGOLA Mweru PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS LUALABA HAUT- Kolwezi KATANGA Z AM BIA Lake PROVINCE CAPITALS Malawi Lubumbashi NATIONAL CAPITAL M A L AW I PROVINCE BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Z AM BIA Red colobus. ©️ Shutterstock. | 78    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Ecuador ECUADOR Integrating Landscape Considerations in Wildlife Conservation, with Emphasis on Jaguars Objective: Jaguars and associated wildlife and habitats are conserved in critical landscapes across Ecuador. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Esmeraldas landscape, Andean-Amazon Foothills landscape, ● Enabling conditions for conservation. and Southern Amazon/Condor-Kutukú ● Implementation of a landscape approach in prioritized landscapes. mountain ranges landscape ● Combating wildlife crime. Species Focus: Jaguars ● Knowledge management; monitoring and evaluation. Grant Amount: $1.8 million Executing Partner: WCS PROGRESS GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● Prepared and submitted medium-sized project for GEF CEO approval. Government Contact: Glenda Ortega (glenda.ortega@ambiente.gob.ec) Executing Partner Contact: Sebastian Valdivieso (svaldivieso@wcs.org) Expected Start Date: June 2021 “In Ecuador, the GWP project will allow us to advance the conservation of jaguars at different scales and Jaguar, Ecuador. with multiple actors. We will work with the national environmental authority, local communities, and other key stakeholders to reduce threats to the jaguar and to change the negative perceptions that put the species at risk. But above all, we are going to work to strengthen the governance of natural resources to ensure the conservation of jaguars and other species that share the same ecosystems in the long term.” Sebastián Valdivieso, Program Director, Ecuador, Wildlife Conservation Society ©️ Galo Zapata-Ríos / WCS. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  79 ECUADOR GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROVINCE CAPITALS PROTECTED AREAS NATIONAL CAPITAL OTHER LANDSCAPES PROVINCE BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES COLOMBIA Esmeraldas ESMERALDAS Cotacachi Cayapas National Park Tulcán Esmeraldas Intervention Site CARCHI CARCHI AT L AN T IC El Pambilar IMBABURA O C EAN Wildlife Refuge Ibarra Nueva Loja Santo Domingo PICHINCHA PICHINCHA SU CUUMBÍ SUC OS MBÍO S de los Colorados QUITO SANTO DOMINGO DE LOS TSÁCHILAS MA M BB ANNAA Í Í Puerto Francisco NN APAOP O de Orellana COTO II PAXX COTOPA Latacunga ORELLANA Tena ORELLANA Portoviejo Ambato TUNGURAHUA LOS RÍOS Puyo BOLIVAR Riobamba Babahoyo Guaranda PAS TA Z A G UAYA S CHIMBORAZO SANTA SANTA ELENA ELENA Guayaquil Rio Negro Sopladora Macas Santa National Park Macas PERU Elena M OR ON A-S AN TI AG O C A ÑA R Azogues Andean-Amazonian Cuenca Foothills Intervention Site A Z UAY Machala Condor-Kutukú Siete Iglesias Intervention Site EE LL OOR ROO Ecological Area GALAPAGOS ISLANDS ARCHIPIÉLAGO Isla Pinta El Cóndor DE COLÓN Isla Marchena Loja Biological PAC IFIC O C EAN Isla Genovesa Zamora Reserve OOJJA LL A PROVINCIA DE Isla San Salvador ZAMORA- ZAMORA- Isla GALÁPAGOS CHINCHIPE CHINCHIPE Fernandina Isla Santa Cruz Isla San Isla Cristóbal Isabela PERU Isla Santa María Isla Española India INDIA Strengthening Conservation and Resilience of Globally Significant Wild Cat Landscapes Through a Focus on Small Cat and Leopard Conservation Objective: Secure populations and habitats of wild cats that are facing habitat degradation and fragmentation, human-wildlife conflict, poaching and illegal trade in priority landscapes of northern, north-eastern, and western India. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Pakke Tiger Reserve, Eagle Nest Wildlife ● Enabling policy, planning, and institutional framework for wild cat Sanctuary, Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, conservation. Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve, and ● Strengthened management and protection of wild cat landscapes. surrounding landscapes ● Community stewardship and human-wildlife coexistence in wild cat Species Focus: Small wild cats landscapes. Grant Amount: $4.5 million ● Partnerships, knowledge management, and monitoring and evaluation. Executing Partner: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change PROGRESS GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP and ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for WWF implementation. Government Contact: Mr. Soumitra Dasgupta (adgfwl-mef@nic.in) Agency Contact: Ruchi Pant (ruchi.pant@undp.org); Dipankar Ghose (dghose@wwfindia.net) Expected Start Date: July 2021 Fishing cat, India. © Shutterstock. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   81 AFGHANISTAN INDIA GEF-7 RAJASTHAN Srinagar GWP PROJECT JAMMU/KASHMIR Ranthambhore PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS National Park OTHER LANDSCAPES STATE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL HIMACHAL PRADESH Keladevi STATE BOUNDARIES Shimla Wildlife INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES CHANDIGARH Chandigarh UTTARAKHAND Sanctuary PUNJAB Dehradun HARYANA MADHYA PRADESH NATIONAL CAPITAL NEW DELHI TERRITORY OF DELHI UTTAR PRADESH Jaipur RAJASTHAN PA K I S TA N INDIA For detail, see inset Gandhinagar Bhopal GUJARAT MADHYA PRADESH Ar ab i a n Se a Daman MAHARASHTRA DAMAN AND DIU Silvassa DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI CHHATTISGARH Mumbai (Bombay) TELANGANA INDIA GEF-7 Dudhwa National Park NEPA L GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROTECTED AREAS STATE CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL Katerniaghat OTHER LANDSCAPES STATE BOUNDARIES Wildlife BUFFER AREAS INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Sanctuary HIMACHAL PRADESH C H I N A CHANDIGARH UTTARAKHAND For detail, Kishanpur see inset NEPAL Wildlife UTTAR PRADESH SIKKIM For detail, see inset ARUNACHAL Sanctuary Gangtok BHUTAN Itanagar PRADESH Lucknow UTTAR PRADESH ASSAM NAGALAND Dispur BIHAR MEGHALAYA Shillong Kohima Patna Imphal MADHYA JHARKHAND BANGLADESH Agartala MANIPUR Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary PRADESH TRIPURA Aizawl Sessa Orchid Sanctuary WEST Ranchi INDIA BENGAL MIZORAM Kolkata (Calcutta) CHHATTISGARH Raipur M YA N M A R ODISHA Bhubaneshwar Bay o f Be n gal TELANGANA Hyderabad PUDUCHERRY BHUTAN Pakke Tiger Reserve ASSAM | 82    THE GLOBAL Chennai (Madras) WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Pondicherry PUDUCHERRY Port Blair Indonesia INDONESIA Catalyzing Optimum Management of Natural Heritage for Sustainability of Ecosystem, Resources and Viability of Endangered Wildlife Species (CONSERVE) Objective: Strengthen management of multiple use landscapes to enhance biodiversity conservation, generate sustainable land-use and livelihood practices, and address illegal wildlife trade. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Jantho Nature Reserve, Jantho Nature Recreation Park, Seblat ● Strengthened management and protection of multiple use landscapes Nature Recreation Park, Moyo Nature for the conservation of key threatened species. Recreation Park, Moyo Hunting Park, and ● Enhanced site-based enforcement and monitoring of sustainable use of biological landscapes wildlife resources. Species Focus: Sumatran elephants, ● Improved private sector and community engagement and diversified Sumatran tigers, yellow-crested cockatoos financing for biodiversity conservation across the selected landscapes. Grant Amount: $6.3 million ● Upscaling/replication of project approaches at national and regional Executing Partner: Ministry of level. Environment and Forests, Directorate General of Natural Resources PROGRESS Conservation and Ecosystem ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP implementation. Government Contact: Indra Exploitasia (exploitasia@yahoo.com) Agency Contacts: Iwan Kurniawan (iwan. kurniawan@undp.org); Muhammad Yayat “Wildlife is a part of biodiversity, which provides Afianto (muhammad.afianto@undp.org) a life support system essential for human beings. Expected Start Date: August 2021 Conserving it means protection, preservation, and sustainable utilization, as well as raising awareness Yellow-crested cockatoo, Indonesia. of the importance of biodiversity conservation. CONSERVE is expected to support preservation optimizing management of natural heritage and endangered species in Indonesia. In the next five years, the project will demonstrate the legacy and sustainability of wildlife and its benefits to biodiversity.” Indra Exploitasia, Director of Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation ©️ Muhammad Yayat Afianto / UNDP. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   83 INDONESIA GEF-7 GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROVINCE CAPITALS CAMBODIA NATIONAL CAPITAL PROTECTED AREAS PROVINCE BOUNDARIES OTHER LANDSCAPES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES VIETNAM THAILAND Jantho Nature PHILIPPINES Recreation Park Banda Aceh Jantho Nature Reserve A Y BRUNEI P A C I F I C O C E A N L S DARUSSALAM Ulu 1 Medan A Natuna Celebes Talaud Is. Masen M Besar Sea I 2 24 Morotai A Simeulue SINGAPORE 19 25 Manado Nias 3 23 Ternate Pekanbaru Tanjung Pinang Halmahera Pontianak K A L I M A N TA N Gorontalo Waigeo SUMATERA Lingga 20 Samarinda Palu 26 30 Manokwari Padang Peleng Me Siberut 5 Jambi 32 Bangka 21 27 nt 4 Pangkal Pinang Sula Is. Obi Misool Yapen aw Palangkaraya Mamuju SULAWESI 9 ai 7 Palembang Belitung 22 Seblat Nature Is Banjarmasin 28 . Kendari Ceram Recreation Park 6 Bengkulu 11 Java Sea Kapuas 29 Buru Ambon 8 Tanjungkarang- Seblat Telukbetung Makassar Muna 31 Kai Is. Enggano Serang JAKARTA Banda Sea Aru Is. 10 Bandung 12 Muara Enim Semarang Madura Surabaya Moyo Island INDIAN OCEAN 13 JAVA 16 Wetar Babar Tanimbar Yogyakarta 15 Bali Lombok Sumbawa Alor Moa Is. 14 Mataram PROVINCES Denpasar 17 Flores Sumba 18 TIMOR-LESTE 1 NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM 12 JAWA BARAT 23 KALIMANTAN TIMUR Timor Kupang Arafura Sea 2 SUMATERA UTARA 13 JAWA TENGAH 24 SULAWESI UTARA Bogor 3 RIAU 14 D.I. YOGYAKARTA 25 GORONTALO 4 SUMATERA BARAT 15 JAWA TIMUR 26 SULAWESI TENGAH 5 JAMBI 16 BALI 27 SULAWESI BARAT 6 BENGKULU 17 NUSA TENGGARA BARAT 28 SULAWESI SELATAN 7 SUMATERA SELATAN 18 NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR 29 SULAWESI TENGGARA 8 LAMPUNG 19 RIAU KEPULAUAN 30 MALUKU UTARA 9 BANGKA-BELITUNG 20 KALIMANTAN BARAT 31 MALUKU 10 BANTEN 21 KALIMANTAN TENGAH 32 PAPUA BARAT 11 D.K.I. JAKARTA 22 KALIMANTAN SELATAN 33 PAPUA AUSTRALIA Sumatran elephant, Indonesia. ©️ Muhammad Yayat Afianto / UNDP. | 84    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Madagascar MADAGASCAR Sustainable Management of Conservation Areas and Improved Livelihoods to Combat Wildlife Trafficking in Madagascar Objective: Conservation of biodiversity in Madagascar through strengthened management of the New Protected Areas (Category V), with active engagement by communities, and enforcement to reduce the rate of illegal wildlife trade and poaching. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Behara-Tranomaro New Protected Area, Angavo New Protected ● National policy and institutional frameworks to address wildlife and Area, and Sud-Ouest Ifotaky New forest crime and develop new protected areas (NPAs). Protected Area ● Management effectiveness of three selected NPAs. Species Focus: Lemurs, tortoises, ● Community engagement and poverty reduction for effective NPA baobabs, dry spiny forest management. Grant Amount: $6.3 million ● Knowledge management, gender empowerment, and monitoring and Executing Partner: Ministry of evaluation. Environment and Sustainable Development PROGRESS GEF Implementing Agency: UNEP ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for Government Contact: implementation. Ms. Seheno Ramanantsoa (andras.seheno@gmail.com) Task Manager: Victoria Luque (victoria.luque@un.org) “The project aims to conserve terrestrial biodiversity Expected Start Date: January 2022 by strengthening the management of three of Madagascar’s newly created protected areas. Effective co-management with local communities will be at the core of these efforts to enable sustainable development. This project is critical to the Government of Madagascar’s sustainable development goals and has been designed with an integrated approach to conserve biodiversity, improve livelihoods, and reduce wildlife trafficking.” Ms. Seheno Ramanantsoa, Head Department of Protected Areas Governance, Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  85 MADAGASCAR Verreaux’s sifaka in southwest Ifotaky, GWP PROJECT Antsiranana Madagascar. PROJECT SITES Mayotte PROTECTED AREAS (France) DIANA REGION CAPITALS NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION BOUNDARIES Sambava SAVA INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES Antsohihy SOFIA Mahajanga BOÉNY ANALANJIROFO Maevatanana BETSIBOKA Fenoarivo-Atsinanana MELAKY MELAKY Ambatondrazaka Maintirano ALAOTRA Toamasina ANALAMANGA MANGORO BONGOLAVA Tsiroanomandidy Miarinarivo ATSINANANA ITASY ANTANANARIVO VAKINANKARATRA Antsirabe Morondava MENABE AMORON’I MANIA Ambositra MENABE I N DI A N HAUTE-MATSIATRA VATOVAVY- OC E A N Fianarantsoa FITOVINANY © Christine Lippai. IHOROMBE Manakara Ihosy Farafangana ATSIMO- ANDREFANA ATSIMO- Toliara ATSINANANA ANOSY Behara-Tranomaro ANDROY Angavo Ambovombe Tolanaro Sud-Ouest Ifotaky Village life, Madagascar. © Christine Lippai. | 86    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Malaysia MALAYSIA Building Institutional and Local Capacities to Reduce Wildlife Crime and Enhance Protection of Iconic Wildlife in Malaysia Objective: Building institutional and local capacities to reduce wildlife crime and enhance protection of iconic wildlife in Malaysia. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Taman Negara National Park, Belum-Temengor Forest Complex, ● Strengthen institutional capacities to combat wildlife crime and reduce Endau-Rompin National Park, Maliau poaching of iconic wildlife species at the national level. Basin Conservation Area, Ulu Sebuyau ● Conserve the Malayan tiger and its habitats in the Malaysian Peninsula. National Park, and Sedilu National Park ● Conserve the Bornean orangutan and its habitats in the protected Species Focus: Malayan tigers, Bornean areas of Sarawak. orangutans, Bornean bantengs ● Conserve the Bornean banteng and its habitats in Sabah. Grant Amount: $7.1 million Executing Partner: Ministry of Water, PROGRESS Land and Natural Resources ● Full-sized project is currently under preparation with a series of GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP stakeholder consultation sessions and field visits to the project sites. Government Contact: Liew Pei Shi It will be submitted for GEF CEO endorsement in late 2021. Details are (liew@ketsa.gov.my) subject to change until final endorsement. Agency Contact: Gan Pek Chuan (pek.chuan.gan@undp.org) “The success of combating wildlife and forest crime relies on the collaboration of related enforcement agencies. The Operasi Bersepadu Khazanah anti- poaching task force, an alliance between the DWNP and the Royal Malaysian Police, is one of the platforms that the GWP will support to combat wildlife crime and reduce poaching in the Malayan tiger habitats.”  Dato’ Abdul Kadir bin Abu Hashim, Director General, DWNP, Peninsular Malaysia SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  87 Malayan tiger, Malaysia. © Che Ku Mohd Zamzuri / DWNP. | 88    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Namibia NAMIBIA Integrated Approach to Proactive Management of Human-Wildlife Conflict and Wildlife Crime in Hotspot Landscapes in Namibia Objective: To incentivize wildlife conservation through proactive management of human-wildlife conflict and wildlife crime, and delivery of wildlife-based benefits to rural communities in three hotspot landscapes. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Etosha National Park, North-West (Kunene) Region, Bwabwata- ● Management, prevention, and mitigation of HWC. Mudumu National Park complex, and ● Combating wildlife crime and protecting wildlife populations. associated communal conservancies ● Building the wildlife-based economy to promote coexistence. Species Focus: Elephants, rhinos ● Knowledge management, stakeholder coordination, and monitoring Grant Amount: $6.2 million and evaluation. Executing Partner: Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism PROGRESS GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed in June 2021 and is preparing for Government Contact: Bennett Kahuure implementation. (bennett.kahuure@met.gov.na) Agency Contact: Martha Naanda (martha. naanda@undp.org) “An integrated approach to managing Expected Start Date: October 2021 human-wildlife conflict and wildlife crime is key to the conservation Community field guide in PalmWag Concession, Kunene Region, Namibia. of Namibia’s high value species— ultimately contributing to the national goals of ensuring biodiversity conservation, environmental sustainability, and the achievement of inclusive and equitable growth.” Bennett Kahuure, Director, Department of Parks and Wildlife Management, Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism © Mandy Cadman / UNDP. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   89 NAMIBIA Leopard, Namibia. GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES REGION CAPITALS PROTECTED AREAS NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION BOUNDARIES ZAMBIA TARGET COMMUNAL ZAMBIA CONSERVANCIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES A N G O L A Uutapi Oshikango Bwabwata National Park Katima Mulilo OHANGWENA Nkurenkuru CAPRIVI Opuwo Oshakati O M U S AT I OSHANA K AVA N G O - Rundu WEST K AVA N G O - OSHIKOTO EAST Mudumu Tsumeb ZIMBABWE KUNENE National Park Etosha National OTJ O ZO N DJ U PA Park Otjiwarongo OMAHEKE ERONGO Gobabis BOTSWANA Swakopmund WINDHOEK KHOMAS © Midori Paxton / UNDP AT L A N T I C OCEAN HARDAP Mariental Keetmanshoop KARAS SOUTH AFRICA Wildlife in Etosha National Park, Namibia. © Mandy Cadman / UNDP. | 90    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Nigeria NIGERIA Improved Management Effectiveness of Gashaka-Gumti and Yankari Protected Areas to Conserve Threatened Wildlife Species, Build a Wildlife Economy, and Enhance Community Benefits Objective: To improve the management effectiveness of Nigeria’s protected area estate and enable the development of a nature-based tourism product that enhances wildlife protection and supports local livelihoods. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Gashaka-Gumti National Park and Yankari Game Reserve ● Policies, systems, and institutional capacities for conserving wildlife and enhancing habitat resilience. Species Focus: Elephants, West African lions, Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees ● Incentives and systems for promoting wildlife-based economies, community benefits, and participation in combating wildlife crimes. Grant Amount: $3.5 million ● Learning, knowledge management, and monitoring and evaluation for Executing Partner: Ministry of adaptive management. Environment GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP PROGRESS Government Contact: Emmanuel Bebiem ● Full-sized project is currently under preparation and will be submitted (emmabebiem@gmail.com) for GEF CEO endorsement in late 2021. Details are subject to change Agency Contact: Muyiwa Odele (muyiwa. until final endorsement. odele@undp.org) “The GWP project in Gashaka-Gumti National Park will support the strengthening of the National Park Service law and address issues of human-wildlife conflicts. It will also promote wildlife conservation and sustainable development by putting in place modalities to combat illicit trafficking in wildlife, and incorporate wildlife tourism into the tourism architecture of the park.” Dr. Ibrahim Musa Goni, Conservator General, National Park Service SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  91 National Park Service rangers on parade, Nigeria. © NPS. Elephants, Nigeria. © WCS. | 92    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Pakistan PAKISTAN Strengthening Governance and Capacity for Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade in Pakistan Objective: To curb poaching and illegal wildlife trade in Pakistan. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Kirthar National Park, Chitral Gol National Park, Margalla ● Strengthen regulatory frameworks and interagency coordination to Hills National Park, Hazar Ganji-Chiltan address poaching and illegal wildlife trade. National Park, Deva Vatala National Park, ● Build institutional capacities and establish facilities to detect, prevent, Central Karakoram National Park, and and control wildlife crime. Salt Range Wetland Complex ● Reduce poaching and illegal trade of key wildlife species by at least 50 Species Focus: Indian pangolins, snow percent in five high priority sites. leopards, brown bears, black bears, Saker falcons, peregrine falcons, marine ● Improve awareness, knowledge management, and monitoring mecha- turtles, freshwater turtles nisms to curb poaching and illegal wildlife trade. Grant Amount: $2.7 million PROGRESS Executing Partners: Ministry of Climate Change, WWF, IUCN, provincial wildlife ● This full-sized project seeks to strengthen wildlife conservation in departments Pakistan by reducing poaching, trade, and trafficking of wildlife. It is currently under preparation and will be submitted for GEF CEO GEF Implementing Agency: IUCN endorsement in 2021. Details are subject to change until final Government Contact: Ms. Naheed Shah endorsement. Durrani (secretarymocc@gmail.com) Agency Contacts: Anshuman Saikia (Anshuman.saikia@iucn.org); Mahmood “Along with habitat destruction, the illegal wildlife Akhtar Cheema trade is a major global threat to biodiversity. Pakistan (mahmood.cheema@iucn.org) has not escaped this threat and is faced with complex challenges related to illegal trade, poaching, and trafficking. Freshwater and marine turtles, lizards, pangolins, bears, and snow leopards are among the many species that are being impacted. The Government of Pakistan is committed to reducing this illegal trade and is strengthening its regulatory frameworks in collaboration with conservation organizations and local communities.” Ms. Naheed Shah Durrani, Federal Secretary, Ministry of Climate Change SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   93 Saker falcon, Pakistan. © M. Anees Shahzad / IUCN. Repatriation of freshwater turtles, Pakistan. © Javed Mahar/ Sindh Wildlife Department. Soft-shelled freshwater turtle parts confiscated at the Port of Karachi, Pakistan. © Javed Mahar/ Sindh Wildlife Department. | 94    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Panama PANAMA Conservation of Wildcats and Prey Species Through Public-Private Partnerships and Human-Jaguar Conflict Management in Panama Objective: To strengthen jaguar conservation capacity and connectivity between core protected areas in the Chagres National Park-Darien National Park complex. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: Chagres National Park, Darien National Park, Narganá Wildlife ● Conserve jaguar and prey species through connectivity promotion and Protected Area, and cattle ranches human-wildlife conflict management. surrounding the Darien National Park ● Generate scientific knowledge, build national capacity, and promote Species Focus: Jaguars regional commitments on wildcat conservation. Grant Amount: $1.8 million PROGRESS Executing Partners: Ministry of Environment and Yaguará Panamá ● This project was GEF CEO approved in May 2021 and is preparing for Foundation implementation. GEF Implementing Agency: UNEP Government Contact: Shirley Binder “What we do in Panama to reverse the critical situation (sbinder@miambiente.gob.pa) of the species is crucial since the Isthmus of Panama Agency Contact: Thais Narciso is the natural land bridge that maintains connectivity (thais.narciso@un.org) between the large populations of jaguars across the Project Manager: Ricardo Moreno (rmorenopan@gmail.com) American continent. With this important project we will Expected Start Date: May 2021 focus on ensuring connectivity through multispecies corridors; orienting private environmental offsetting Jaguar, Panama. programs to restore critical habitats; implementing solutions to reduce conflict between humans and wildlife; and promoting wildlife-based economies. This will be an extraordinary opportunity to show how the alliances for sustainable development between government, private initiative, scientific organizations, and local communities can enhance the benefits associated with the conservation of the jaguar as an iconic symbol of Latin American biodiversity.” Shirley Binder, National Director of Protected Areas and Biodiversity, Ministry of Environment © Eduardo Estrada / Yaguará Panamá Foundation. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  95 PANAMA GWP PROJECT PROJECT SITES PROVINCE CAPITALS PROTECTED AREAS NATIONAL CAPITAL CATTLE RANCHES PROVINCE BOUNDARIES INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES C ari bbean Sea Narganá Wildlife Chagres National Park Protected Area El Porvenir COMAR COSTA Bocas del Toro Colón CA DE RICA BOCAS Lago KU DEL TORO G olfo de los Gatún Lago NA Lago Mosquitos COLÓN P Ca ana Bayano Chiriquí na ma YA l PANAMÁ La Chorrera PANAMÁ LA COMARCA PANAMÁ NGÄBE BUGLÉ Bahía de COCLÉ OESTE CHIRIQUÍ Panamá Llano Tugrí Penonome David (Buäbti) La Palma COMARCA VERAGUAS EMBERÁ DARIÉN Unión Chocó Santiago Chitré G o lfo d e HERRERA Pa n a m á COMARCA Las Tablas EMBERÁ LOS SANTOS Darien National Park COLOMBIA PA C I F I C O C EAN Evidence of jaguar poaching, Panama. © Yaguará Panamá Foundation. | 96    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 South Africa SOUTH Catalyzing Financing and Capacity for the Biodiversity Economy AFRICA around Protected Areas Objective: To strengthen South Africa’s capacity to combat illegal wildlife trade and improve protected areas and landscape management for increased community benefits. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites ● Consolidate and increase compliance and enforcement with wildlife- Pillar 1: Targeted protected areas with related legislation. rhinos and national-level work ● Enhance forensic and scientific support services linked to wildlife Pillar 2: Greater Addo to Amathole Node trafficking investigations. in the Eastern Cape Province, Greater Kruger-Limpopo Node in Limpopo ● Establish specialized prosecution and court capacity to focus on wildlife Province, and Greater-iSimangaliso Node trafficking. in KwaZulu-Natal Province ● Build biodiversity economy nodes for community stewardship and Species Focus: African elephants, black livelihoods. and white rhinos, cycads, South African ● Grow the biodiversity economy nationally to enhance communities’ abalones stake in wildlife conservation. Grant Amount: $13.4 million Executing Partners: Department of PROGRESS Environment, Forestry and Fisheries; ● This project was GEF CEO endorsed on March 2021 and is preparing South African National Biodiversity for implementation. Institute; National Prosecuting Authority; South African National Parks; and iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority GEF Implementing Agencies: UNEP and World Bank Government Contacts: Frances Craigie (fcraigie@environment.gov.za); Simon Malete (SMalete@environment.gov.za) Agency Contacts: Jane Nimpamya ( jane. nimpamya@un.org); Nathalie Johnson (njohnson@worldbank.org) Expected Start Date: June 2021 SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |  97 SOUTH AFRICA GEF-7 (UNEP/WB) GWP PROJECT BOTSWANA ZIMBABWE PROJECT SITES PILLAR 1 PROTECTED AREAS PILLAR 2 PROTECTED AREAS Great Limpopo MOZAMBIQUE PROVINCE CAPITALS Transfrontier Conservation Greater Kruger–Limpopo NATIONAL CAPITAL LI MP OP O Area Node PROVINCE BOUNDARIES D'nyala Nature Reserve Kruger Marakele Polokwane National INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES National (Pietersburg) Atherstone Nature Reserve Park Greater Park Madikwe Nature Reserve Kruger Dinokeng Pilanesberg National Park Game Reserve Loskop AreaDam Nature Reserve Botsalano Provincial Park PRETORIA Nelspruit Tembe Elephant Park Mmabatho GAUTENG Lubombo Ma keng Provincial Park Johannesburg MPUMALANGA Transfrontier NAMIBIA N ORT H WEST ESWATINI Conservation and Resource Greater Area iSimangaliso Node Itala Nature Reserve iSimangaliso Pongola Game Reserve Wetland Park Spioenkop Nature Reserve Kimberley FREE STAT E K WAZULU- Ophathe Game Reserve Bloemfontein N ATAL Weenen NO RT H E R N C AP E LESOTHO Nature Ulundi (Pietermaritzburg) Reserve Lawrence de Lange ATL A NTIC Nature Reserve IN DIAN OCE A N OC EAN EAST ERN C AP E Bisho Greater Addo to Amathole Node Great Fish River Nature Reserve WESTERN CAPE Cape Town Baviaanskloof World Addo Elephant National Park Heritage Site © Shutterstock. | 98    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 South Africa SOUTH Reducing Human Wildlife Conflict Through an Evidence-Based AFRICA and Integrated Approach in Southern Africa Objective: To create an enabling environment and evidence-based approach on mitigating the effects of human-wildlife conflict in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. PROJECT COMPONENTS Project Sites: To be confirmed ● Strengthening the management of elephants in South Africa. Species Focus: Elephants ● Reduced human-wildlife conflict in South Africa. Grant Amount: $3.4 million ● Harmonized and coordinated management of elephants and human- Executing Partner: Department of wildlife conflict in Southern African Development Community (SADC) Environment, Forestry and Fisheries region. GEF Implementing Agency: UNEP Government Contact: Sydney Nkosi PROGRESS (shnkosi@environment.gov.za) ● This full-sized project is under preparation and will be submitted for Agency Contact: Jane Nimpamya GEF CEO endorsement in 2021. Details are subject to change until final ( jane.nimpamya@un.org) endorsement. Elephants, South Africa. © Shutterstock. SECTION 5: INTRODUCTION TO GEF-7 NATIONAL PROJECTS   |   99 © Liam Hughes. | 100    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED Project Challenges and Responses As outlined in this report, most GEF-6 projects are now underway and making strides toward their development objectives. As implementation proceeds, projects are also observing challenges that threaten to impede or delay the delivery of project activities. Adapting and responding to such challenges is a standard part of the project cycle—and sharing and learning from this adaptive management is an important part of the GWP knowledge base. Figure 6.1 briefly summarizes the range of challenges and responses reported by GWP projects in 2020. Chief among these was the sudden and wide-ranging suite of impacts associated with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from lockdowns and social distancing restrictions, to protected area revenue and local livelihood disruptions. These impacts were significant in their own right and exacerbated existing challenges as pandemic-related restrictions stretched across much of 2020. GWP projects adapted quickly in response, shifting work plans and methods of engagement with communities and project partners. Their experiences and lessons from responding to COVID-19 are discussed in detail later in this section. BUILDING DIVERSIFIED, RESILIENT LIVELIHOODS Clear livelihood opportunities that align to community interests are critical. Some projects have reformulated proposed livelihood activities to better match community preferences and interests. Ensuring that livelihood activities result in materialized economic benefits will help to meet community expectations and retain interest in conservation. Securing the benefits from a wildlife-based economy, including putting in place enabling public-private partnerships, will be a focus of the GEF-7 coordination grant. Over two-thirds of GWP projects include activities to mitigate human-wildlife conflict, and a noted challenge with these is the absence of a standardized and formal system for responding to HWC. Some projects have addressed this by adopting technology. In India, the project team has built an application whereby communities can immediately report an HWC incidence by taking a photo and SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |   101 sending it via SMS to local authorities. This action can help communities receive compensation in a timely manner and reduce the risk of retaliatory killing of problem wildlife. ENGAGING AND EMPOWERING COMMUNITIES Recognizing the critical importance of engaging and empowering indigenous peoples and local communities in wildlife conservation, most GWP projects are working closely with local communities. Projects note the importance of getting the right governance structures in place to underpin effective partnerships with communities. For example, the Zimbabwe project team is working with local government and municipalities to apply community-based natural resource management guidelines and strategies to improve community engagement and governance. Mozambique embedded training into the revitalization of 16 Natural Resources Management Committees (NRMCs), which helped build confidence, trust, and coordination between community and NRMC members and highlighted the benefits of engaging community across the entire process. Many other projects have helped formalize community engagement through the development of community trusts and institutions. GWP projects increasingly recognize and prioritize community and stakeholder engagement from the outset of planning activities. Many GWP projects are working to conserve globally significant ecosystems and wildlife habitats. Some are helping to establish or expand protected areas, which can lead to risks of physical or economic displacement of local communities. There are important lessons from not adequately identifying these risks or fully engaging local and indigenous communities in project planning and implementation. In November 2020, the UNDP-supported GWP Republic of Congo project was cancelled by the UNDP Administrator following a UNDP Social and Environment Compliance Unit (SECU) investigation that showed that the rights of the Baka communities were not fully considered during project development and implementation in line with UNDP’s Social and Environment Safeguards policy. The UNDP is restructuring the suspended GWP project in Cameroon to address the findings and recommendations of a parallel SECU investigation and report, and the suspension will be lifted should the reformulated project be approved by the GEF Council. The GWP recognizes the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities to use and manage natural resources. In this context, core GWP knowledge needs include improving project team and local partner awareness and capacities to adhere to agency social and environmental safeguards requirements, along with sharing tools to effectively empower and engage local communities and indigenous peoples. During the 2020 GWP Annual Conference, a session on good project design and implementation discussed safeguards, and indigenous peoples specialists shared their expertise with project teams on the ongoing process of securing “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC) and improving the interface between law enforcement personnel and local communities. The GWP Mali project can share lessons from the extensive security and safeguard assessment it completed during 2020 to ensure that potential environmental, social, and safety risks associated with conflict and insecurity in the Gourma area were accurately identified and mitigated prior to the commencement of field-based activities. This attention on social and environmental safeguards, and the engagement and empowerment of local communities and indigenous peoples as partners in conservation and sustainable development, will continue across the GEF-7 coordination project, recognizing the close interdependence of communities and wildlife. WORKING EFFECTIVELY IN REMOTE LANDSCAPES As in Mali, many GWP projects are working in remote landscapes that pose challenges for project implementation. These range from seasonal inaccessibility to project teams, lack of cellular connectivity that impedes surveillance in remote or heavily forested areas, and logistical challenges | 102    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 of monitoring biodiversity in vast landscapes with low population densities. Projects are adapting a range of measures in response. Afghanistan aligns its work plans to fit within the seasonal calendars of local communities, avoiding busy times when households are focused on subsistence agriculture and livestock raising to enhance the potential for their engagement. India has addressed the logistical difficulties of traveling to remote Himalayan landscapes by training local community members as parataxonomists to conduct biodiversity monitoring. STRENGTHENING CROSS-SECTOR AND CROSS-AGENCY COLLABORATION Conservation is not done in isolation, so collaboration between sectors is important. Many GWP projects have achieved early success by adopting integrated landscape management strategies and stakeholder coordination platforms. A challenge lies in engaging all sectors and partners in planning development and, subsequently, on-the-ground implementation. To address this, Botswana has empowered stakeholders to lead different parts of the development of its integrated landscape management plan, facilitating harmony and collaboration among sectors and increasing the potential for effective implementation and resourcing once the plan is adopted. Similarly, coordination and engagement across sectors will underpin effective law enforcement responses. While the GWP has now supported the establishment of law enforcement coordination mechanisms in six countries, these gains have not come without considerable effort and some delays. Projects note the importance of bringing together all wildlife conservation and law enforcement agencies to collaboratively discuss and agree upon law enforcement coordination mechanisms, and that limited experience in implementing such mechanisms and lack of relationships can hamper sharing of information and coordinated operations. Projects are intensifying their efforts on securing this cross-agency engagement and cooperation. The GWP’s partnership with ICCWC can offer lessons and technical guidance on best practices in national law enforcement coordination and cross- border/regional enforcement collaboration. IMPROVING LEGAL FRAMEWORKS Projects are working to manage the lengthy timeframes in securing government approvals for legal review. The Philippines government is progressing two legislative review options in parallel to allow for the amendment of subsidiary regulations if the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 amendment bill is not adopted. Vietnam has engaged NGOs, conservation organizations, and businesses in the review of legislation to provide different perspectives for discussion and inform drafting instructions. © Johan Swanepoel. SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |   103 FIGURE 6.1 Challenges and Responses Reported by National Projects COVID-19 • Operational delays and disruptions • Revise and reprofile work plans Challenges Responses • Disrupted conservation financing and livelihoods • Adjust budgets to respond to short-term funding • Shifts in IWT supply chains and changes in illegal gaps/shifting priorities and contribute to COVID-19 markets recovery • Adopt virtual tools and technologies • Focus on building resilience as part of COVID-19 recovery COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT • Absence of or weak local governance structures • Prioritize and include community engagement in Challenges Responses • Insufficient community capacity to engage in activities project activities • Engage communities in project planning, • Shifting community dynamics that result in lack of co-creation, awareness raising, and capacity trust or conflict within communities development • Community resistance to PA boundary demarca- • Collaboratively develop and apply guidelines tion processes for community governance and engagement • Political pressure via local elected officials processes • Gender gaps that inhibit women’s full and equal • Develop and capacitate formal community participation in wildlife protection engagement and governance mechanisms such as community trusts and institutions, and co-management systems for PAs • Engage indigenous peoples and local community experts to contribute to planning and problem resolution • Use project grievance redress mechanisms to address any concerns or grievances • Strengthen engagement with local initiatives and NGOs that work on women’s advancement LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION • Absence of standardized, formal system for • Develop systematic responses to HWC to replace Challenges Responses responding to HWC and providing compensation ad hoc measures • Insufficiently scoped livelihood activities that • Develop viable sustainable livelihood generation require reformulation to ensure they can be options that align to community preferences and effectively deployed perceptions of value, and revisit as needed • High beneficiary enthusiasm means that community demand cannot be met with available resources • Perceived lack of value of forest species reduces community interest in livelihood options such as agroforestry and restoration • Limited community understanding of conservation practices and potential benefits (continued on page 105) | 104    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT • Limited/insufficient engagement of some sectors • Engage and empower stakeholders in multisector Challenges Responses in the implementation of integrated landscape planning processes to build relationships and management plans cross-sector partnership • Multi-agency engagement can delay activities as each is subject to own processes and decrees WORKING IN REMOTE, VOLATILE LANDSCAPES • Limited, restricted access to project landscapes • Account for seasonal access restrictions and Challenges Responses • Seasonal priorities of local communities restrict community priorities in work planning community interest/potential to engage in biodi- • Use new technology such as drones and high- versity conservation resolution satellite imagery to support monitoring • Logistical difficulties and costs of monitoring large and surveillance and inaccessible habitats • Use virtual tools and technologies for stakeholder • Poor cellular/satellite connectivity impedes engagement remote surveillance and engagement of local • Train local communities to take on technical roles communities • Conduct safety and security assessments that • Lack of availability of local expertise to conduct reflect the scale and severity of risks in project ecological monitoring landscapes and develop holistic and inclusive risk management plans LEGAL FRAMEWORKS • Lengthy timeframes for review and approval of • Allow long lead times for legal processes while Challenges Responses new and amended laws ensuring regular communication and follow-up • Restructuring of national land use laws affects with relevant offices project activities • Identify and pursue alternative drafting options • Gaps in existing legislation challenge clear defini- • Engage stakeholders in legal review processes to tion of penalties for wildlife offenses gather opinions and build consensus • Risk of corruption at conviction stage • Assess potential impacts of new/revised laws on project landscapes and beneficiaries, and revise project activities and approaches as needed (continued on page 106) SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |  105 LAW ENFORCEMENT • Lack of knowledge and capacity among law • Use the development of overarching strategies Challenges Responses enforcement agencies on protected area manage- and policies to provide general principles and ment and wildlife crime build high-level political support for cross-agency • Lengthy timeframes to agree on mandates/roles/ engagement and coordination mechanisms for effective interagency cooperation • Establish formal coordination mechanisms and on combating wildlife crime invest in their effective operation • Limited experience in implementing interagency • Provide ample time and opportunities for cross- law enforcement coordination agency discussions to define and agree on • Lack of information exchange on wildlife crime coordination mechanisms • Uncoordinated law enforcement operations that • Build from officer-level relationships as examples need to be harmonized of cross-agency coordination • Engaging all potential law enforcement partners, • Establish formal information exchange protocols including airport authorities and platforms • Building trust and relationships with communities • Involve all stakeholders, including communities on wildlife law enforcement adjacent to PAs, in anti-poaching activities • Ensure that human rights considerations and the needs and interests of all affected parties are built into training programs for law enforcement personnel, and that risks to the occupational safety and health of law enforcement officers (state or community) are adequately addressed DATA • Lack of data/information to support development • Adjust processes to recognize/account for data Challenges Responses of economic valuation of traded wildlife species limitations • Collate different sources of data and extrapolate from other information as needed EMERGING OR SHIFTING THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY • Rise in artisanal gold mining leading to habitat • Revise project risk assessments and risk mitigation Challenges Responses destruction and increased risk of poaching plans on a regular basis • Displacement of elephants by armed groups • Review and revise project approaches and work increases potential for HWC plans as needed to account for shifting threats • Increased wildlife poaching and forest crimes linked to COVID-19 Source: World Bank. Note: HWC = human-wildlife conflict; IWT = illegal wildlife trade; NGO = nongovernmental organization; PA = protected area. | 106    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Adaptive Management in Response to COVID-19 The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected GWP projects in 2020. Projects were challenged by a diverse range of impacts, including operational disruptions due to government lockdowns and social distancing restrictions, escalated threats of wildlife poaching, and lost protected area revenue and community livelihoods as the pandemic stalled economic activity, halted travel, and disrupted international trade. Impacts are visible at varying scales—from individual project sites to global changes in illegal wildlife trade supply chains—and have exposed a range of risks, and in places opportunities, to strengthen approaches and political support for wildlife conservation. GWP projects provided regular updates on the challenges in project implementation resulting from COVID-19. Figure 6.2 summarizes the diverse range of impacts reported in projects’ 2020 qualitative reports, broadly classified into operational types and those affecting protected area management, communities, and IWT supply chains. OPERATIONAL IMPACTS From early in 2020, projects started to experience operational delays and disruptions as the COVID- 19 pandemic spread across the globe. Many in-person activities, such as stakeholder consultations, trainings, and workshops, were postponed as social distancing prevailed, with all projects reporting the postponement of stakeholder consultations and workshops. Many teams could not visit project sites due to government movement restrictions and health and safety concerns, disrupting the delivery of a wide range of scheduled activities including M&E baseline and midterm assessments. FIGURE 6.2  Impacts of the Pandemic Reported by GEF-6 Projects under Implementation OPERATIONAL IMPACTS TO IMPACTS TO IMPACTS TO IMPACTS PA MANAGEMENT COMMUNITIES IWT SUPPLY CHAIN Training, consultations, Loss of tourism revenues Loss of jobs and livelihoods Shift to online markets workshops postponed Increased poaching Increased human-wildlife Enhanced political support Inability to visit project sites conflict for strong regulations and Increased area needing enforcement Field activities halted patrols Social networks disrupted Closure of air/seaports M&E activities reduced Increased food insecurity Increased unsustainable use stopping supply, leading to Procurement delays of natural resources Increased burden reduced seizures/ on women confiscations Reduced PA budgets, Immediate health and safety Market restrictions/closure sta furloughs, etc. challenges Disrupted information flows Reduced patrolling and Reduced government Migration from urban to Disrupted supply chains law enforcement liaison due to COVID-19 rural areas Reduced law enforcement response prioritization Increased deforestation/ attention due to COVID-19 Community patrolling prioritization forest o enses Higher transaction costs impacted Reduced poaching/ Co-financing impacted Increased inequality pressure on PAs 15 projects 10 projects 10 projects 6 projects Number of projects impacted Note: Darker shaded cells indicate a greater number of projects identifying that as an impact. Numbers of projects indicated are the total number of projects reporting observed impacts under that specific theme. SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |  107 Projects revised their annual work plans to account for procurement delays, rescheduled activities, and evaluated how to deliver scheduled project activities under a COVID-19 operating scenario. Projects adopted virtual tools and technologies to help. For example, Indonesia used online meetings to collaborate with local organizations and regional offices of the Ministry of Environment and Forests on field activities, with the project team providing remote support. In addition to using webinars for training and knowledge exchange, the Philippines adjusted its proposed in-person capacity development program to a self-paced online training course on law enforcement that will be offered through the ADB eLearn Platform. Projects also adopted protection measures to ensure the health and safety of project teams, communities, and local implementing partners. For example, Mozambique adapted World Health Organization guidelines to the local context for the safety of all project stakeholders, outlining general mitigation measures that partners are implementing to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in conservation areas and among staff. GEF-7 projects under preparation adapted virtual measures for stakeholder consultations and field visits as COVID-19 restrictions hit midway through project development, in many cases forcing shifts in project design and delays in project preparation and implementation timeframes. The GWP coordination team also adapted to online formats, successfully hosting the GWP Annual Conference and a conservation storytelling and communications workshop online. IMPACTS ON PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT One of the most hard-hit sectors by COVID-19 globally was the travel and tourism industry, and over half of GWP projects reported loss of tourism revenues. Many protected areas (and local communities living within and adjacent to them) depend heavily upon tourism for operating and management costs. Government lockdowns and the closure of borders and air travel wiped out these revenues, resulting in slashed protected area budgets and the need for staff reductions and furloughs. These changes affected important tasks like ranger patrolling and surveillance, and reduced capacities to detect and deter increasing threats to protected areas. Forty percent of projects reported an increased threat of poaching, either an opportunistic response by organized poaching gangs to reduced tourist presence and patrolling, or increased localized poaching and forest offenses as economic hardship and urban- to-rural migration forced people to turn to wildlife for income and food. In response, projects put in place alternative arrangements to prop up protected area financing and management. Some projects, such as in Zimbabwe and Ethiopia, adjusted site-based law enforcement and diverted additional resources into patrolling and procurement of remote surveillance equipment to strengthen anti-poaching activities (see box 6.1). Kenya is in its initial stages of tailoring planned activities to build the capacity of communities and conservancies to resume livelihoods in compliance with national COVID-19 regulations for wildlife conservation and tourism. In response to increased poaching threats, the project is exploring patrolling alternatives, such as the use of vehicles and aircrafts for the vast Tsavo Parks. Some projects contributed to short-term COVID-19 recovery efforts at project sites. The disruption of global tourism affected GEF-7 projects under development, many of which focus on tourism and other wildlife-based economic activities as a source of sustainable livelihoods that can promote biodiversity conservation. Faced with the newly understood risks of relying on international tourism as a sole source of conservation revenue, project approaches and activities evolved. For example, Bhutan added domestic and virtual tourism to increase resilience of tourism-dependent sites and livelihoods, as well as wildlife economic opportunities beyond tourism. The project will also support reskilling of tour guides as trekking and biodiversity guides and increasing the digitization of the tourism sector so it can operate more efficiently as it recovers. Namibia adjusted project activities to help rebuild nature-based tourism in community conservancies. It also promoted longer-term | 108    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 BOX 6.1 GWP Project Responses to Increased Poaching Threat in Protected Areas in Zimbabwe and Ethiopia In Zimbabwe, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in increased poaching in the project area, including in protected areas such as Mana Pools. Destruction of habitat occurred because of increased artisanal mining in some sections of the protected area, exacerbated by the worsening economic conditions. The absence of tourists increased the risk of poaching and meant larger areas needed patrols compared to the pre-pandemic period. In response, the project developed an adaptive management plan to enable Zimbabwe Parks & Wildlife Management Authority (ZPWMA) to increase patrolling capacity. As budgets were cut, the project provided additional equipment, rations, and fuel to continue patrolling efforts, and the project supported the purchase of four boats and two drones to enhance surveillance and law enforcement capacity. The boats will be used to patrol the Zambezi River front, which is at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe and a major area for cross-border poaching incursions. With the increased patrolling effort, more than 1,200 wire snares were discovered in the project area. Similarly, in Mago National Park, Ethiopia, eight elephants were killed on May 27, 2020, as poachers took advantage of the lockdown restrictions and reduced frequency of patrolling. The project is being implemented in a high-risk environment with sophisticated IWT operations, and the pandemic brought little pause to the poaching of big cats and elephants in areas close to settlements and wildlife trafficking routes. In response, the project helped protected area managers develop adaptive strategies to deter and detect poaching while ensuring the health and safety of staff. The project developed safety protocols such as thresholds on patrolling size, social distancing measures, and provision of handwashing and sanitizing facilities and personal protective equipment so site-based law enforcement activities could continue. The project also collaborated with relevant agencies to roll out preventive measures and awareness generation activities in accordance with COVID-19 rules and regulations set by the government. ecological and socioeconomic resilience to future shocks and disturbances by diversifying wildlife- based economic opportunities for conservancies to include resilient tourism and other income generation streams. These shifts brought opportunities for strong alignment to governments’ socioeconomic recovery strategies, emphasizing the potential economic contributions of a wildlife- based economy and highlighting the opportunity to mainstream biodiversity conservation into green tourism recovery and resilience strategies. They also facilitated new partnerships with ministries of health to support the integration of the health sector into nature-based tourism planning and standards. The longer-term disruptive impacts of COVID-19, especially on conservation financing and jobs, risk to exacerbate threats to biodiversity in project landscapes, requiring an enhanced focus on risk management and mitigation strategies, and the identification of diversified, more resilient strategies for protected area management and community livelihoods. The longer-term disruptive impacts of COVID-19, especially on conservation financing and jobs, risk the exacerbation of threats to biodiversity in project landscapes, requiring an enhanced focus on risk management and mitigation strategies, and the identification of diversified, more resilient strategies for protected area management and community livelihoods. SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |  109 IMPACTS ON COMMUNITIES Around 60 percent of GWP projects reported loss of community jobs and livelihoods as an impact of COVID-19. This was particularly felt by communities heavily dependent on tourism revenue and allied activities. Projects also reported an increase in human-wildlife conflict during the pandemic. For example, in India, human-bear encounters increased during the lockdown along with increased incidences of wild animals venturing out of protected areas to buffer zones, roads, and highways. In Zimbabwe, the pandemic made it challenging to respond to HWC incidents in a timely manner due to shortage of patrol rations, vehicles, and fuel. Similarly, Belize reported an increase in retaliatory killings due to the inability of government staff to visit HWC sites during the lockdown. Namibia observed vulnerability of both human and wildlife populations due to weakened capacity to respond to and manage incidences of HWC, and potential shortfalls in funds available for HWC compensation schemes. Other reported impacts on communities included disrupted community social networks, increased food insecurity (in turn driving increased risk of subsistence poaching in some sites), and higher burdens on women due to loss of jobs in the informal economy, unpaid caregiving duties, and increased domestic work. Projects responded by adjusting planned livelihood activities and community engagement strategies. Afghanistan addressed disrupted livelihoods by engaging communities in afforestation and the construction of predator-proof corrals to protect livestock from snow leopards. These activities, through daily wages, provided income to participating households. Zambia installed solar fences to reduce crop damage by elephants, and trained community members, including women, in the installation and management of these seasonal agricultural fences. In India, the project implemented mass awareness campaigns on HWC using posters, car bumper stickers, films, and radio programs. The project also adopted a multipronged strategy in response to COVID-19 that included targeted assessment of impacts in project landscapes, realignment of livelihood plans and development of adaptive strategies, integration of wildlife-health linkages in awareness raising on IWT, and application of One Health approaches (see box 6.2). Some projects addressed the disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 faced by many women. In India, the decline of tourism meant that local artisans, craftspeople, and weavers were unable to sell their products. The project conducted capacity building workshops and a buyer-seller event with 73 rural women participants. From this, the women launched a new craft brand and developed work plans for upskilling and procuring better equipment. Recognizing that economic disruptions from COVID- 19 could increase demand on forest resources, the Indonesia GEF-7 project will target its livelihood and business planning activities toward vulnerable populations, including women in high-risk areas. Other projects, such as in Zimbabwe, have pointed to women’s vulnerability to increased HWC incidents due to their roles in agriculture and food and water provision, and the need to prioritize their involvement in natural resource management. IMPACTS ON IWT SUPPLY CHAINS Closed borders, cancelled flights, and shipping and customs backlogs disrupted illegal supply chains and smuggling routes. Around a third of GWP projects reported an observed shift of IWT from physical markets to online platforms, likely driven by bans and restrictions on physical wildlife markets and lockdown measures. To help law enforcement respond to increased online selling and trading of illegal wildlife products, the Philippines is developing a tool based on machine learning algorithms to harvest social media data and identify online illegal trade incidents in a timely manner. | 110    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 BOX 6.2 Adaptation to COVID-19 in India Through Landscape Impact Assessments and Integration of One Health Approaches into Landscape Management In India, the pandemic affected the implementation of many project activities under the GEF-6 SECURE project, including stakeholder consultations, training and capacity building, community-based surveillance and monitoring of wildlife, and addressing HWC, IWT, and habitat degradation. As the wide-reaching impacts of the pandemic became clear, the project conducted detailed situational analyses of the effects of COVID-19 on local communities in each of the four Himalayan project landscapes. Tourism emerged as a particularly vulnerable sector, along with handloom and handicraft industries. Increased unemployment due to the return of migrant workers to rural communities was another cause for concern due to lack of jobs in rural areas. Pressure on natural resources, including on forests, also increased due to disruption of liquefied petroleum gas supply. In response, the project realigned the livelihood activities (digitization of off-farm sectors such as handicraft and tourism) and introduced employment generation schemes for returnee migrants and local youth as the beneficiaries in the project broadened. The new work plan will focus on supporting sustainable tourism and capacity development of local communities adversely affected by the pandemic. It has also helped link farmer and producer groups with leading banks for financial support. The findings of the project’s COVID-19 analyses informed the implementation of the respective state government economic recovery packages at the landscape level. To strengthen the response to zoonotic diseases and increase preparedness and response to future disease outbreaks, the project is developing programs to train, sensitize, and build capacity of frontline government officials and local communities and raise awareness of the wildlife-human health linkages. The project is also helping to establish collaborative multi-stakeholder and digital platforms to promote a One Health approach in landscape management. It is completing rapid assessments in project landscapes to assess at-risk species and identify potential hotspots to inform appropriate landscape management measures to prevent and manage zoonosis risk. Overall, these activities aim to support the government’s efforts to identify, pilot, and scale up best practices in response to zoonotic diseases. On the positive side, over a third of projects reported increased political support for enhanced regulations and enforcement of IWT as understanding of the potential zoonosis risks from wildlife trade and consumption grew. Gabon banned the consumption and sale of bats and pangolins. In Vietnam, the government released a directive calling for strengthened enforcement of rules governing wildlife trade and consumption. Recognizing the dual threat to conservation and human health, Thailand adapted its demand reduction program to include targeted market research on the SECTION 6: CHALLENGES, ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT, AND LESSONS LEARNED   |   111 extent of illegal wild meat consumption. Thailand also leveraged cash co-financing from UNDP to conduct sampling at wildlife markets to better detect potential zoonotic disease transfer risks and inform project awareness raising efforts. Projects noted how the enhanced attention on wildlife due to the pandemic provided an opportunity to strengthen IWT legislation, advocate for mainstreaming of wildlife conservation in other sectors, and raise public awareness of threats to wildlife. Looking Forward The achievements and lessons learned from GWP national projects provide illuminating examples of how countries are addressing difficult crises, triggered or exacerbated by COVID-19. Countries will need stronger collaboration and more guidance and knowledge to tackle these challenges. Regional and global cooperation, partnerships with the private sector and civil society, higher uptake of new innovations and technology, and an emphasis on green and inclusive recovery strategies will be vital to countries achieving their intended outcomes. As the GWP enters its next phase, and the GEF-7 tranche of projects commence implementation, its commitment to helping countries conserve wildlife and critical habitats is bolstered by a strengthened focus on developing sustainable and resilient wildlife-based economies. The global awareness of the interconnections between people and wildlife, and of the need for a healthy and green recovery that reduces the risk of future pandemics, are opportunities that the GWP will build on to secure long-term conservation outcomes, diversified local livelihoods, and human-wildlife coexistence. The GWP coordination team will integrate the experiences and emerging needs of projects into future knowledge management plans under the GEF-7 coordination grant so that the GWP can continue to coordinate and support countries in their ambitions to combat wildlife crime, conserve habitats, and build greener economies. | 112    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 APPENDIX A STATUS OF PROJECT OUTCOMES OF THE GLOBAL COORDINATION GRANT (GEF-6) Project objective: Create and implement an effective coordination and knowledge platform for the GEF-funded Global Wildlife Partnership on Wildlife Conservation and Crime Prevention for Sustainable Development Status in Last Progress Review (November 2018 to Current Status Project components Project outcomes Expected outputs December 2019) (Jan 2020 to Dec 2020) Component 1: Outcome 1: Enhanced Minutes of annual meetings Four PSC meeting minutes were Three PSC meeting minutes were Program coordination coordination among approved completed and shared completed and shared program stakeholders Conference proceedings of Conference proceedings of annual meeting in Zambia Virtual Annual Conference (November 2018) approved and (December 2020) shared shared Conference proceedings of annual meeting in South Africa (November 2019) shared Donor portfolio review report Donor coordination efforts GWP organized three events published continued this year with the with donors in 2020, including Donor funding database launch of the donor working groupthe Wildlife Forum and two designed sessions where donors shared virtual meetings. The first was their IWT portfolio highlights on COVID-19 impacts and the Database filled with donor data Donor working group collectively second shared progress on developed 20 case studies and 10 an analysis and toolkit for story maps public-private partnerships/ collaborative management An in-person meeting with donors models for conservation was held at CITES CoP18 in Geneva in August 2019 Indicators and targets: Yes, donor roundtable further led Yes, established. Donor 1.1 GWP national country and international donor coordination roundtable (IDCR) to donor working groups and the coordination efforts continue established updated donor analysis with regular meetings of donors APPENDIX A: STATUS OF PROJECT OUTCOMES OF THE GLOBAL COORDINATION GRANT (GEF-6)   |   113 Status in Last Progress Review (November 2018 to Current Status Project components Project outcomes Expected outputs December 2019) (Jan 2020 to Dec 2020) Strategic partnerships Outcome 2: ICCWC Indicator Framework Indicator Framework deployed Preparatory work for the Enhanced coordination deployed in three countries (Kenya, the Indicator Framework was amongst International Philippines, and Thailand) undertaken for Ecuador, Peru, Consortium on Democratic Republic of Congo, Combating Wildlife Gabon, Madagascar, and Nigeria. Crime (ICCWC) partners The Indicator Framework expert to support institutional workshops for these countries is capacity efforts to expected in 2021 fight trans-national Staff trained in anti-corruption Expanding Technical Environmental Crime Risk organized wildlife crime and anti-money laundering (AML) Assistance on AML and Assessment module was applied Staff trained inter-agency Environmental Crime, in the Central Africa Republic, enforcement operations including the development Democratic Republic of Congo, and implementation of an Gabon, Mozambique, Namibia, Environmental Crime Risk Ethiopia, and Uganda Assessment module (part of the national risk assessment); module applied in five countries (Madagascar, Cote d’Ivoire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Cameroon) Best practice ports incentive Combating maritime trafficking Recommendations of the Dar scheme developed activities are underway by UNDP, es Salaam Port Stakeholder Anti-trafficking monitoring including completion of two port Workshop and World Port system for ports developed stakeholder workshops: Dar es Sustainability Project proposal Salaam (57 participants) and to fight wildlife trafficking have Container clearance systems and Mombasa (75 participants) been presented to the Port facilities upgraded, with relevant Improvement Committee for training provided Agreement signed between UNODC and UNDP to build implementation Training provided for inter- capacity of JPCUs at Mombasa PortMATE assessment/ agency and South-South and Dar es Salaam, and monitoring system developed cooperation establish, train, and mentor a and applied at three ports in Awareness campaigns JPCU at Zanzibar Port, as well Philippines and ports/border conducted amongst maritime as connecting African and Asian posts in DRC industry stakeholders regarding JPCUs via ContainerComm and Training and mentoring i) negative impacts of illegal exchange visit program underway by UNODC-WCO wildlife trade and penalties for Introduction of automated risk Container Control Program (CCP) involvement and ii) benefits of profiling software (RiskPro) to for joint port control units in helping to combat IWT Dar es Salaam JPCU, with first Dar es Salaam and Mombasa. Transnational port liaison offices training for 10 officers completed 18 officers (17% women) established GWP sponsors new category successfully completed the CCP Toolkit for strengthening IWT law in Asia Environmental Law advanced trainings on CITES, enforcement capacity at ports Enforcement Awards to open wildlife crime intelligence, and created eligibility for African-Asian automatic risk profiling cooperation on fighting wildlife Equipment provision and initial crime training underway for a new joint port control unit in Zanzibar Awareness campaigns for port-based workers are under development by WildAid and will be delivered in 2021 at three ports | 114    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Status in Last Progress Review (November 2018 to Current Status Project components Project outcomes Expected outputs December 2019) (Jan 2020 to Dec 2020) An online course for port stakeholders to improve awareness, prevention, and detection of IWT has been developed and rolled out in collaboration with the Institute for Chartered Shipbrokers. 51 representatives from 36 government and private sector organizations completed the course in December 2020. This will form part of a toolkit for strengthening best practice approaches for combating IWT at ports Communication measures One publication on Countering One publication on Countering established amongst relevant Wildlife Trafficking through Sea Wildlife Trafficking through agencies and other industry Ports in Tanzania Kenya’s Ports stakeholders A total of 6,580 people were reached through communication activities to raise awareness about wildlife trafficking through ports, its negative impacts, and measures to combat this transnational crime Indicators and targets: Environmental Crime Risk Wildlife Forum with ICCWC held 2.1: Number of ICCWC-supported initiatives Assessment module applied in in January 2020 five countries 2.2: Number of UN-wildlife supported initiatives Support for the development of a GWP again supported an UN massive open online course Africa-Asia cooperation award (MOOC) on IWT, and the inclusion in the Asia Environmental Law of a new category in the Asia Enforcement Awards, but due to Environmental Law Enforcement a lack of submissions an award Awards to reflect Africa-Asia was not given cooperation on combating wildlife crime 2.3 Number of seizures Baselines for seizures have been Seaports: two seizures by established at Dar es Salaam, Mombasa joint port control unit Mombasa, and Zanzibar ports (15 tons on Aloe gum) in 2020 based on TRAFFIC’s data National projects: Tracking of No seizures at these ports in seizures for many projects will 2018 and 2019; three seizures be reported through submission were made in these cities in of GWP mid-term tracking tools 2018, which increased to six in in 2021 2019 Some GWP national projects are reporting on seizures under the GWP Tracking Tool Updates will be reported via project midterm reviews APPENDIX A: STATUS OF PROJECT OUTCOMES OF THE GLOBAL COORDINATION GRANT (GEF-6)   |   115 Status in Last Progress Review (November 2018 to Current Status Project components Project outcomes Expected outputs December 2019) (Jan 2020 to Dec 2020) Knowledge Outcome 3: Biannual GWP Meetings Nine coordination calls per Eight coordination calls were Management and Establishment of a conducted region have been organized organized: four coordination communications (WB) knowledge exchange GWP Annual Meeting held in calls (two each for Asia and platform to support South Africa Africa) for GEF-6 projects and Program stakeholders four onboarding coordination calls (one per region) for GEF-7 projects GWP Virtual Annual Conference was held in December Virtual sessions organized 10 webinars organized, with Six webinars were hosted by average participation of the GWP, and GWP partnered 90 participants with other institutions for six additional webinars Study tours completed No study tours were conducted Due to COVID-19, no study tours in 2019 were conducted this year Conservation Storytelling & Communications workshop for GWP Asia projects, a four-part virtual training series, was conducted from August– September 2020 in lieu of in-person event Online KM Repository launched GWP will continue to use The GWP has redesigned its (i.e., Box, Collaboration for OneDrive and the website for website to be more thematically Development (C4D). dissemination focused and make it easier to share GWP resources. It will also continue to use OneDrive GWP strategic communications Four blogs and feature stories Three newsletters plan developed 10 story maps Three blogs and feature stories GWP communication products Five GWP videos (average 1,200 views) created (i.e., brochures, website Current Status (Jan 2020– briefs, presentations, online Three newsletters Dec 2020) platforms and social media Three press releases presence) Three reports Three GWP publications One infographic One interactive e-book on NBT added to GWP e-book that Three videos on Instagram already holds donor data report Many social media messages on and analysis World Wildlife Day, International GWP has established a bigger Day of Biodiversity, and World presence on social media Ranger Day Indicator and targets: GWP is a CoP in itself with online Ongoing. The Nature-Based 3.1 Establishment of an IWT community of practice presence as well as regular Tourism CoP released a report in-person meetings and e-book in 2020 and GWP maintains two CoPs on organized a webinar. It will HWC and NBT continue activities to engage NBT practitioners | 116    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 Status in Last Progress Review (November 2018 to Current Status Project components Project outcomes Expected outputs December 2019) (Jan 2020 to Dec 2020) Ongoing. The first Global Conference on Human-Wildlife Conflict, scheduled for April 2020, was postponed due to COVID-19. Virtual webinars, trainings, and a global assessment are in the pipeline for 2021 3.2 Effective communications of the Program’s activities and impact Effective communications of the Ongoing. This year, the GWP program is ongoing website page received ~8,000 This year, there were ~8,000 views views of the GWP program page Monitoring and Outcome 4: Improved Tracking tool (TT) developed by 19 qualitative reviews (QRs) from 17 QRs from national projects Evaluation monitoring of national GWP national projects were received were received in 2020 reporting projects outcomes TT adopted by national projects in 2019 best practices, lessons and Projects are making progress knowledge needs against GWP GWP M&E manual developed technical areas. 2020 reporting and a few projects are adopting GWP M&E manual adopted by SMART process included monitoring of national projects COVID-19 impacts felt by national UNDP projects have started projects GWP M&E training sessions to submit their project conducted implementation reviews (PIRs) Several projects have started to Monitoring tools adopted by to GEF, and World Bank projects undergo their midterm reviews national projects (i.e., MOMS, are regularly updating their which will be shared with the Mike workbook, SMART) implementation status and GWP as part of monitoring GWP M&E report published (at results (ISR) reports baseline and midterm) All other M&E activities are Monitoring tools used for ongoing decision making Indicators and targets: Yes Yes. Quantitative (GWP tracking 4.1 Program monitoring system successfully designed, developed, and deployed tool) and qualitative reporting (QRs) system in place for national projects 4.2 Results framework is used to support effective decision-making and enhance The 2019 annual report has been The 2020 annual report national project quality completed, and it incorporates incorporates information from the information from the QRs QRs and other project reporting processes (e.g., GEF PIRs) APPENDIX A: STATUS OF PROJECT OUTCOMES OF THE GLOBAL COORDINATION GRANT (GEF-6)   |   117 © Anna Dunlop. | 118    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 APPENDIX B GWP WEBINARS AND EVENTS Webinars Hosted by the GWP in 2020 Event Title and Link to Webinar Recording Speakers Date Number of participants Combating Maritime Trafficking of Wildlife • Timothy Wittig, Basel Institute on Governance February 83 • Tom Milliken, Wildlife Trade Consultant • Daniel Sepetu, CMA CGM Transportation & Shipping Company • Swaleh Taher Faraj, Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) Southeast Asia – At the Heart of Wildlife Trade • Kanitha Krishnasamy, TRAFFIC March 49 • Monica Zavagli, TRAFFIC • Giovanni Broussard, UNODC Global Programme for Combatting Wildlife and Forest Crimes in Southeast Asia Land Restoration in Africa: Practical • Susan Chomba, World Agroforestry May 318 Perspectives from the Regreening Africa • Mathew Reddy, GEF Programme • Timothy H. Brown, World Bank • Ioannis Vasileiou, World Bank Geospatial-Based Conservation Solutions • David Gadsden, ESRI June 142 • Laly Lichtenfeld, African People & Wildlife​ • Naftali Honig, African Parks • Geoff Clinning, African Parks​ • Chipangura Chirara, UNDP • Jaime Cavalier, GEF Wildlife Insights: A New Platform to Conserve • Jorge A. Ahumada, Conservation International July 194 and Monitor Wildlife in the Tropics • Tanya Birch, Google Earth • Jonathan Palmer, WCS • Nagaraja Rao Harshadeep, World Bank Nature-Based Tourism: Tools and Resources • Anna Spenceley​ , IUCN World Commission on July 98 for Sustainable Development Protected Areas (WCPA) Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group • Steve Noakes​, Chair, Pacific Asia Tourism​ , Sustainable Tourism Advisor​ • Paul Eshoo​ • Urvashi Narain, World Bank APPENDIX B: GWP WEBINARS AND EVENTS   |  119 Webinars Co-Hosted or Promoted by the GWP in 2020 Event Title and Link to Webinar Video (if available) Date World Bank, Planet Reboot: Illegal Wildlife Trade, Food Safety, and Conservation April World Bank, Planet Reboot: Investing in Green Tourism for COVID-19 Recovery May Reducing Consumer Demand for Wildlife and COVID-19: Responses from the Field August World Bank, Planet Reboot: Ecology and Economics for Pandemic Prevention: Making the Case September USAID Wildlife Asia Webinar on Ivory and Tiger Demand Reduction + Indonesia Songbird October WWF Fuller Symposium on Nature-Based Solutions October Events and Workshops Hosted by the GWP in 2020 Event Title Date Wildlife Forum (full-day workshop) January Conservation Storytelling Workshop for Asia (four-part series) August–September GWP Virtual Annual Conference (three-day conference) December | 120    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 APPENDIX C GWP TEAM GWP Global Coordination World Bank – GWP Team: Lisa Farroway, Garo Batmanian, Gayatri Kanungo, Manali Baruah, Hasita Bhammar, Wendy Li, Elisson Wright, Sunny Kaplan, Inna Peoria, Raul Galelego Abellan, Fnu Hanny World Bank – Thematic Support: Alexandra Zimmermann, Johannes Zimmerman, Laura Ivers, Diana Manevskaya, Susan Plemming, Kathleen Fitzgerald UNDP Maritime Trafficking Component: Harun Guclusoy, Mikhail Paltsyn, Tamara Tschentscher GEF Secretariat Adriana Moreira, Hannah Fairbank, Jaime Cavelier GWP Program Steering Committee Lisa Farroway, Gayatri Kanungo, Elisson Wright, Arunkumar Abraham, Bruce Dunn, Richard Jenkins, Sheila Aggarwal-Khan, Mandy Cadman, Midori Paxton, Jane Nimpamya, Victoria Luque, Renae Stenhouse, Astrid Breuer, Charity Nalyanya, Free De Koning, Adriana Moreira, Hannah Fairbank, Crawford Allan, Sandy Andelman, Nina Holbrook, Haruko Okusu, Edward Van Asch Caballero, John Baker, Angela Kirkman National Projects (GEF-6) Afghanistan: Mujtaba Bashari, Idrees Malyar, Jalaludin Naseri, Garry Shea, Qais Sahar, Mohammad Salim, Ahmad Jamshed Khoshbeen, Laura Rio, Somaya Bunchorntavaku, Tashi Dorji Botswana: Mbiganyi Frederick Dipotso, Cyril Taolo, Rex Mokandla, Kagoetsile Motlokwa, Chimbi Bratonozic, Kabelo Senyatso, Retshepi Johny, Anthony Mills, Makhotso Gaseitsiwe, Kagoetsile Motlokwa, Mosimanegape Hengari, Bame Mannathoko, Jacinta Barrins, Mandy Cadman APPENDIX C: GWP TEAM   |   121 Cameroon: Gilbert Ndzomo, Jean Louis Parfait Ze, Jackson Betty, Dorianne Jouoguep, Martin Zhe Nlo, Madeleine Nyiratuz, Penny Stock Ethiopia: Kumara Wakjira, Arega Mekonnen, Julian Bayliss, Demeke Datiko, Fanuel Kebede, Neway Betemariam, Behailu Mekonnen, Alef Babu, Wubua Mekonnen, Phemo Kgomotso Gabon: Olivier Ondo Assame, Christian Edang Mba, Ariane Kengue, Irènne Mouely Sidibe, Sonia Ekaghba, Rostand Aba’a Nseme, Augustin Mihindou Mbina, Paulin Koumakoudi, Stephanie Bourgeois, Léa Larissa Moukagni, Murielle Aurianne Betoue Meyet, Salimata Follea India: Rohit Tiwari, Krishna Kumar, Simran Bawa, Abhishek Ghoshal, Gayatri Mahar, Parth Joshi, Vedant Rastogi, Ruchi Pant, Anusha Sharma, Tashi Dorji Indonesia: Achmad Pribadi, Ir. Sustyo Iriyono, Faiz Yajri, Hidayat Abdillah, Rissa Budiarti, Iwan Kurniawan, Muhammad Yayat, Tashi Dorji Kenya: Fadh Guthmy, Erustus Kanga, Evelyn Koech, Washington Ayiemba, Mandy Cadman Malawi: Brighton Kumchedwa, William Mgoola, Daulos Mauambeta, Mary Chilimampunga, Titus Zulu, Maurice Makuwila, Mphatso Kalemba, Nicholas Zmijewski Mali: Amadou Sou, Michel Koloma, Mamadou Gakou, Oumar Tamboura, Penny Stock Mozambique: Lolita Hilario Fondo, Mateus Mutemba, Cidália Mahumane, Emir Amade, Eunice Mucache, Goetz Schroth The Philippines: Nermalie Lita, Lorilie Salvador, Mary Jean Caleda, Earl Justin Tiu, Sheena Crystal Dawn Rubin, Lodigario Rigor, Jr., Juan Miguel Cuna, Ricardo Calderon, Angelito Fontanilla, Jacqueline Caancan, Paquito Melicor, Hadja Didaw Piang-Brahim, Amelita DJ. Ortiz, Theresa M. Tenazas, Nancy Corpuz, Marlynn Mendoza, Eddie Abugan, Jr., Jeslina Gorospe, Camilo Garcia, Maricar Puno Sanchez, Jimmy Panebio, Modesto Lagumbay, Judeline Dimalibot, Francesco Ricciardi, Asis Perez, Ronely Bisquera-Sheen, Dominique Tabora, Bruce Dunn Republic of Congo: Corinne Dickelet, Love Goulou, Serge So Da, Jean François Ekandza, Jean Bruno Goliele, Jean Claude Bozongo, David Maleki, Erwan Morand South Africa: Mercedes Marele, Jane Nimpamya, Simon Malate, Cecilia Njenga Tanzania: Theotimos Rwegasir, Elisante Ombeni, Martha Delphinus, Sawiche Wamuza, Alessandra Rossi, Mussa Dighesh, Gertrude Lyatu, Tulalumba Bangu, Mandy Cadman Thailand: Sompong Thongseekhem, Ronasit Maneesai, Tippawan Sethapun, Rattaphon Pitakthepsombat, Saengroj Srisawaskraisorn, Gabriel Jaramillo Vietnam: Nguyen Van Tai, Hoang Thi Thanh Nhan, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy, Tran Trong Anh Tuan, Nguyen Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Ha Huong Giang, Pham Lan Anh, Dang Trung Hieu, Thu Thi Le Nguyen Zambia: Tasila Banda, Godfrey Phiri, Mushokabanji Likulunga, Leo Lwizi, Aaron Ng’onga, Esther Mwale, Lewis Daka, Erastus Kancheya, Sinyala Nyirongo, Chuma Simukonda, Edward Chilufya, Howard Maimbo, Hazem Ibrahim Hanbal, Nathalie Weier Johnson Zimbabwe: Edward Samuriwo, Chipangura Chirara, Munashe Matare, Anne Madzara, Mandy Cadman | 122    THE GLOBAL WILDLIFE PROGRAM KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM 2020 National Projects (GEF-7) Angola: Giza Gaspar-Martins, Robert McNeil, Ruud Jansen, Charity Nalyanya Belize: Kenrick Williams, Bart Harmsen, Diane Wade Moore, Santiago Carrizosa Bhutan: Tshering Pem, Pema Bazar, Chimi Rinzin, Ngawang Gyeltshen, Gabriel Jaramillo Cambodia: Khin Mengkheang, Maurice Rawlins, Werner Knoxel, Elisabeth Steinmayr, Phearanich Hing Chad: Victoire Bebkika Boukinebe, Jean Nicolas Tamibe Deuzoumbe, Abakar Ibrahim Mikail, Olivier Seid Kimto, Aurelie Rossignol, Taibou Maiga, Mahamat Seidou Seidou Ahmat Democratic Republic of Congo: Ben Balongelwa, Deo Kujirakwinja, Jean-Paul Kibambe, Emma J. Stokes, Charles Wasikama, Goetz Schroth Ecuador: Glenda Ortega, José Luis Naula, Paúl Aulestia, Sebastian Valdivieso, Galo Zapata, Fernanda Gonzalez, Mario Rodas, Gabriela Albuja Bucheli, Natalia Garcíak, Alexandra Fischer India: Mohnish Kapoor, Soumitra Dasgupta, Amit Mallick, Sonali Ghosh, Ruchi Pant, Anusha Sharma, Auro Shashwat, Dipankar Ghose, Tashi Dorji, Renae Stenhouse Indonesia: Indra Exploitasia, Sri Ratnaningsih, Iwan Kurniawan, Muhammad Yayat Afianto, Tashi Dorji Madagascar: Victoria Luque, Seheno Ramanantsoa Malaysia: Khairul Naim bin Adham, Liew Pei Shi, Sivananthan Elagupillay, Pek Chuan, Ange (Seok Lin), Bipin Pokharel Namibia: Bennett Kahuure, Martha Naanda, Phemo Kgomotso, Mandy Cadman Nigeria: Emmanuel Bebiem, Dorothy Duruaku, Vanessa Satur, Adebanjo Ayodele, Patricia Narai, Precious Ovhabonosa, Muyiwa Odele, Phemo Kgomotso Pakistan: Naheed Shah Durrani, Muhammad Suleyman Warraich, Saeed Abbas, Mahmood Akhtar Cheema, Anshuman Saikia, Fauzia Bilqis Malik, Scott Perkin Panama: Shirley Binder, Disney Fajardo, Ricardo Moreno, Natalia Young, Thais Narciso, Johan Robinson South Africa (UNEP/WB): Frances Craigie, Simon Malete, Naledi Hlatshwayo, Jane Nimpamya, Nathalie Johnson, Sarah Moyer South Africa (UNEP): Sydney Nkosi, Roland Vorwerk, Luthando Dziba, Dan Paleczny, Agripa Ngorima, Steven Johnson, Julian Blanc, Doreen Lynn Robinson, Jane Nimpamya, Johan Rz APPENDIX C: GWP TEAM   |   123 Wakhan Valley, Afghanistan © UNDP Afghanistan/S. Farhad Zalmai. Supported by Led by In partnership with