Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No. P-4885-CHA MEMORANDUM AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT OF SDR 44.7 MILLION (US$61.0 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR THE JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT JANUARY 12, 1989 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorizationL CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of December 1988) Currency name = Renminbi Currency unit m Yuan (Y) = 100 Pen US$1.00 Y 3.70 US$0.27 = Y 1.0 US$1.0 million Y X 3.7 million US$270,270 = Y 1.0 million FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 1 meter (m) 3.28 feet (ft) 1 kilometer (km) - 0.62 mile (mi) 1 square meter (m2) 10.76 square feet (ft2) 1 square kilometer (km2) = 0.4 square miles (mi2) 1 hectare (ha) = 0.01 km2 2.47 acres (ac) 15 mu 1 mu 666.7 m2 - 0.0667 ha 1 kilogram (kg) 3 2.2046 pounds (lbs) 1 metric ton (m ton) - 2,204 pounds (lbs) PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS USED CMC - China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation CMAC - Civil Aviation Administration of China ERR - Economic rate of return GOVAI - Gross output value of agriculture and industry HPDI - highway Planning and Design Institute HSRI - Highway Scientific Research Institute ICB - International Competitive Bidding JPTD - Jiangxi Provincial Transport Department MOC - Ministry of Communications NMG - Nanchang Municipal Government O-D - Origin-Destination PTD - Provincial Transport Department SAA - State Auditing Administration TRRL - UK Transport and Road Research Laboratory VOC - Vehicle Operating Costs vpd - Vehicle per day FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT Credit/Proiect Summary Borrower: People's Republic of China Beneficiaryt Jiangxi Province Amount: SDR 44.7 million (US$61.0 million equivalent) Terms: Standard, with 35 years maturity. The terms for onlending to Jiangxi Province would be for a period of 20 years with 5 years grace at an interest rate of 4.6Z p.a. Financing Plant Central Government US$ 24.2 million JPTD US$ 6.5 million NHG US$ 9.9 million Jiangxi Province US$ 7.4 million IDA US$ 61.0 million Total. USSO9.O million Economic Rate of Returnt 30X for the Nanchang-Jiujiang Highway and 38? for the Nanchang Bridge. Staff ADDraisal ReDort: Report No. 7430-CHA Mans:. IBRD 20254 IBRD 20267 IBRD 20282 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the perfor 'auice of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank autho: zation. - 1 - MEMORANDUM AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR THE JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT 1. The following memorandum and recommendation on a proposed development credit to the People's Republic of China is submitted for approval. A proposed credit for SDR 44.7 million (US$61.0 million equivalent) would be on standard IDA terms with 35 years maturity and vould help finance the expansion and improvement of the highway network. 2. Background. The transport system in China has been severely taxed by the pace of recent economic development and capacity constraints are evident in all modes. The most serious transport need is for dramatically expanded road capacity, especially in rural areas where increased agricultural and small-scale industrial production have created an urgent demand for better farm-to-market transport services. Road transport will also face a growing share of the demand for passenger transportation from the increasingly mobile population. In the railway subsector, the network capacity has severely hampered delivery of energy supplies (i.e. coal), and even with recently initiated investments in rail line electrification and new line construction, it will take several years to alleviate bottlenecks between major mining areas and coastal cities. China also needs to substantially expand its port and waterways facilities to relieve the growing hindrance to external trade caused by inadequate berth capacity and container handling capacity. China's Seventh Five-Year Plan (1986-90) recognizes all these sectoral needs. By the end of the plan period, freight traffic is projected to be 452 higher than in 1985, and passenger traffic 60? higher, with a disproportionately greater share of the increase falling on road transport. To meet these needs, substantial investments are envisioned, especially in highway network expansion, new rail lines, double-tracking and electrification of existing rail lines, and more berths at coastal ports. The Plan also proposes to secure efficiency gains in transportation from operational improvements; these include the development of integrated transportation networks, in particular for coal transportation and for import/export trade, and technological improvements such as container handling facilities and intermodal transport centers. To facilitate these developments, the Plan envisions significant institutional changes in the sector, including an extension of the policy of separating the functions of Government from those of operating enterprises and delegating authority to local managements. The Bank fully subscribes to the Government's objectives for development of the transport sector and is supporting its initiatives with financial and technical assistance. Four railway projects (Loans 2394-CHA, 2540-CHA, 2678-CHA/Credit 1680-CHA and Loan 2968-CHA) are assisting the expansion of capacity on key routes and the manufacture of electric iocomotives, passenger coaches and signalling equipment. Four port projects (Loans 2207-CHA, 2689-CHA, 2907-CHA and 2977-CHA) will effect improvements at Tianjin, Shanghai, Huangpu and Dalian Ports. The four Bank Group financed .2- highway projects in China (Loan 2539-CHA/Credit 1594-CHA, Loan 2811-CHA/Credit 1792-CHA, Loan 2951-CHA/Credit 1917 CHA, and Loan 2952-CHA) involve the construction and improvement of national, rural roads and the first expressway in China. 3. While all the transport modes in China are in urgent need of expansion and modernization, road transport presents the most difficult challenge. Road freight traffic has been increasing at about 17? per annum from 1980 to 1986 mainly due to the burgeoning market economy, and passenger traffic is growing at about 15? per annum. Road congestion was already a serious problem in the early 1980s, and near major cities has now grown worse. Increased road capacity is urgently needed. Furthermore, of the approximately 962,800 km in 1986 only some 22,000 km, or 232, have asphaltic or concrete pavement. These pavements are generally of poor quality; most have exceeded their design life and are deteriorating rapidly with the increasing traffic. Accordingly, the highway mode is receiving increased attention under the Seventh Five-Year Plan (SFYP). The SFYP for the highway subsector is to upgrade at least 80,000 km of existing road, and to construct about 60,000 km of new roads of which 9,000 km would be class II standard and 1,580 km would be Expressway or Class One standard roads. 4. The main objectives for highwa7 development in the 1980s are to provide adequate capacity in the heavily congested corridors, to upgrade and improve the existing network, and to expand the network in remote rural areas. The proposed 113km Nanchang-Jiujiang Highway and the new Nanchang Bridge are part of the plan for high standard road investment in Jiangxi Province. The proposed program for evaluation of the existing road pavements in Jiangxi and the preparation of strengthening and maintenance management programs serve the objective of upgrading and improving the existing poor quality and low standard paved road network. There is also an urgent need in the province for more modern techniques in the planning, design, construction and maintenance of roads. 5. Rationale for Bank Involvement. The Bank supports the government's objectives and initiatives for development of the transport sector with both financial and technical assistance to remove the transport bottlenecks impeding economic growth. The strategy for the Bank's involvement in the highway subsector is to meet the most urgent needs of road network expansion and to support a program of studies on key issues. Bank's involvement in the highway subsector, particularly in terms of policy, institutional and technical matters under the first and second projects, aims at helping to modernize the subsector, by bringing the Bank's experience to bear on the problems and by expediting the introduction of advanced technology to solve them; ongoing studies in these projects cover important problems related to roads financing, road safety, road congestion, the methodology for evaluating existing road pavements and maintenance management. The proposed project, besides helping to alleviate congestion on this most congested corridor of Jiangxi, one of the relatively less developed provinces in China, would continue Bank's support in these matcers and encompass tasks related to road pavement strengthening and planning. - 3 - 6. Project Obiectives. The existing Nanchang-Jiujiang hivhway and two existing bridges crossing Gan River into the city of Nanchang are now heavily congested. The proposed highway would help expand transport capacity in this important corridor between the provincial capital of Jiangxi and the inland water port at Jiujiang. The proposed bridge would help complete the link and channel long distance through traffic from the new highway around the already congested Nanchang City. The project would also address the following specific policy, institutional and technological objectives: (a) improvement of road and urban traffic planning techniques; (b) evaluation of existing paved roads and preparation of a pavement strengthening and maintenance management program; (c) assistance to modernize design, construction, and materials specifications and contract documentation; (d) supporting the province's change to competitive bidding for civil works and developing the institutional capacity for supervising civil work construction; (e) carrying out a road safety program; and (f) assistance in staff training. 7. Proiect DescriDtion. The Jiangxi Provincial Transport Department (JPTD) and the Nanchang Municipal Government (NMG) would be responsible for carrying out the project under the overall supervision of the Jiangxi Provincial Government. The project would include: (a) construction of a new 113-km highway between -,anchang and Jiujiang; (b) construction of a double- deck, six-lane bridge across the Gan River at Nanchang, with a total length of 1,932 m including east and west approach structure; (c) construction or improvement of about 6 km of access roads connecting the new bridge to the new highway; (d) consulting services to help train JPTD and NMG staff in the supervision and quality control of the highway and bridge construction; (e) preparation of a program for pavement strengthening, betterment and maintenance; (f) assistance to JPTD in improved road planning, by preparing a computerized Road Data Bank; (g) staff training; and (h) equipment for road management, operation and maintenance. 8. Schedule A shows the estimated project costs and financing plan. Schedule B shows procurement methods and estimated disbursements. Schedules C and D show a timetable for project processing and statement of Bank Loans, IDA Credits and the IFC operations for China, respectively. Maps showing the Jiangxi Provincial Transport Network, the Nanchang-Jiujiang Highway, and the Nanchang Bridge are attached. A Staff Appraisal Report, No. 7430-CHA, is being distributed separately. 9. Action Agreed. Agreement was reached during negotiations with Jiangxi Province to: (a) implement in Jiangxi Province the findings of the road safety st-idy done by Ministry of Communications (HOC) under the first Bank's highwa/ project (Loan 2539/Credit 1594); and (b) carry out the road pavement evaluation, road data bank, and staff training programs according to terms of reference and timing agreeable to the Association. During negotiations assurances were obtained from Jiangxi Province that resettlement under the project would be done in accordance with the plan agreed with the Association. - 4 - 10. benefits. On many sections of the existing road, traffic already exceeds capacity and congestion is a serious problem leading also to increasing accident rates. Economic benefits under the proposed project are expected mainly from vehicle operating cost savings due to: (a) distance saving; (b) road quality improvement; and (c) congestion and accident reduction. The ERR for the Nanchang-Jiujiang Highway investment would be 30% and for Nanchang Bridge would be 38%. 11. Risks. There are no major risks foreseen in the project. JPTD had hired a Chinese-American engineering joint-venture consulting firm to help prepare bid documents for the proposed road. The US Federal Highway Administration has assisted in the review of the design of the new Nanchang Bridge. The Danish aid agency DANIDA has helped in the review of the design of the highway and in the ,preparation of bid documents for the highway and the bridge. Construction of the new highway and bridge would be supervised by joint teams of local engineers and foreign consultants. 12. Recommendation. I am satisfied that the proposed credit to China would comply with the Articles of Agreement of the Association and recommend that the Executive Directors approve the proposed credit. Barber B. Conable President Attachments January 12, 1989 Washington, DC -5- Schedull A CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT ESTIMATED COSTS AND FINANCING PLAN (US$ million) Sstimated Costs: la Local Foreign Total ---- (US$ million)----- Nanchang-Jiujiang Highway Construction 18.4 22.4 40.8 Construction of 6 km connecting road 2.7 2.7 5.4 Nanchang Bridge Construction 14.0 23.8 37.8 Equipment 0.1 1.9 2.0 Technical Assistance and Training - 2.0 2.0 Base Cost (Jan 1988 prices) i52 88,0 Physical contingencies 3.a 5.3 8.8 Price contingencies 1.9 2.9 4.8 Subtotal 40.6 6.. Land acquisition 7.4 - 7.4 Total Project Costs 4AL. 6L.Q 109.0 Financing Plan: Local Foreign Total -------(US$ million)- Central Government 24.2 - 24.2 JPTD 6.5 - 6.5 NMG 9.9 - 9.9 Jiangxi Province 7.4 - 7.4 IDA - 61.0 61.0 Total 48,0 61.0 109.0 /a Import taxes and duties are not included in project costs; the project is exempt from import taxes and duties. Schedule B Page 1 of 2 CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT Procurement Methods and Disbursements (US$ million) Procurement Method Project element ICB LCB Other Total Highway civil works 46.0 - 6.0 52.0 (25.4) (3.2) (28.6) Bridge civil works 28.6 - 16.4 45.0 (18.0) (9.8) (27.8) Equipment - - 2.2 2.2 - (2.2) (2.2) Training and consultants - - 2.4 2.4 (2.4) (2.4) Land acquisition - - 7.4 7.4 Total 74.6 34.4 109.0 (43.4) (17.6) (61.0) Note: Figures in parentheses represent the amounts financed by the Association. All figures include estimated physical and price contingencies but exclude cost of land acquisition and are rounded. Disbursements Category Amount Z to be Financed (SDR equivalent) Highway Civil works 16.4 55Z of total expenditures Bridge Civil Works 17.2 63Z of total expenditures Force Account Civil Works 2.0 5OZ of total expenditures Consultants and Training 2.1 100Z of total expenditures Equipment 1.1 100Z of foreign or ex-factory expenditures and 75Z of local purchases Unallocated 5.9 Total 44.7 -7- Schedule B Page 2 of 2 Estimated IDA Disbursements IDA Fiscal Year 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 --------------------US$ million-------------------- Annual 0 5.0 22.0 16.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Cumulative 0 5.0 27.0 43.0 49.0 55.0 61.0 -8- Schedule C CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT Timetable of Key Proiect Processing Fvents (a) Time taken to prepare: One year (b) Prepared by: Jiangxi Provincial Transport Department and Nanchang Municipality. (c) First Association Mission: February 1987 (d) Appraisal mission departure: February 11, 1988 (e) Date of negotiations: December 1988 (f) Planned date of effectiveness: June 1989 (g) List of relevant PCRs and None PPARs Schedule D Page 1 of 3 STATUS OF BANK GROUP OPERATIONS IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA 4. STATEMENT OF BANK LOANS AND IDA CREDITS (as of September 30, 1988) Loan/ Amount (USS million) Credit Fiscal tless cancellations) Number Year Borrower Purpose Bank IDA Undisbursed Lb One loan and two credits have been fully disbursed 2021/1167 81 PRC University Development 100.00 100.00 0.00 1261 82 PRC North China Plain Agriculture - 60.00 0.00 2207 83 PRC Three Ports 67.97 - 0.77 1297 83 PRC Agric. Education & Research - 75.40 3.45 2226/1313 83 PRC Industrial Credit I (CIB I) 40.60 30.00 4.89 2231 83 PRC Petroleum I (Daqing) 162.40 - 20.43 2252 83 PRC Petroleum II (Zhongyuan-Wenliu) 100.80 - 28.68 2261/1347 83 PRC State Farms I (Heilongjiang) 25.30 45.00 1.24 1411 84 PRC Polytechnic/TV University - 85.00 27.02 1412 84 PRC Technical Cooperation - 10.00 1.12 1417 84 PRC Rubber Development - 100.00 22.53 2382 84 PRC Lubuge Hydroelectric 145.40 - 45.28 2394 84 PRC Railway 220.00 - 34.82 1462 84 PRC Rural Credit I - 50.00 0.17 1472 84 PRC Rural Health & Medical Educ. - 85.00 21.0 2426 84 PRC Petroleum III (Karamay 99.50 - 27.89 2434/1491 84 PRC Industrial Credit II (CIB II) 105.00 70.00 21.22 2444/1500 84 PRC Agricultural Education II 45.30 23.50 16.02 1516 85 PRC Agricultural Research II - 25.00 10.66 1551 85 PRC University Development II - 145.00 63.78 2493 85 PRC Power II 117.00 - 38.07 2501 85 PRC Changcun (Luan) Coal Mining 120.50 - 107.09 1577 85 PRC Seeds - 40.00 15.00 1578 85 PRC Rural Water Supply - 80.00 61.41 2539/1594 85 PRC Highway I 42.60 30.00 32.39 2540 85 PRC Rai!l>ly II 235.00 - 197.21 2541 85 PRC Fertilizer Rehabilitation & 97.00 - 28.44 Energy Saving 1605 85 PRC Forestry Development - 47.30 34.92 2579/1606 85 PRC PiShiHang-Chaohu Area Development 17.00 75.00 54.36 2580 85 PRC Weiyuan Gas Field Technical 25.00 - 14.93 Assistance 1642 86 PRC Rural Credit II - 90.00 26.41 2659/1663 86 PRC Industrial Credit III (CIB III) 75.00 25.00 20.79 1664 86 PRC Technical Cooperation Credit II - 20.00 19.34 1671 86 PRC Provincial Universities - 120.00 71.23 2678/1680 86 PRC Third Railway 160.00 70.00 219.98 2689 86 PRC Tianjin Port 130.00 - 119.65 1689 86 PRC Freshwater Fisheries - 60.00 30.07 - 10 - Schedule D Page 2 of 3 Loan/ Amount (USS million) Credit Fiscal (less cancellations) Number Year Borrower Purpose Bank IDA Undisbursed /b 2706 86 PRC Beilungang Thermal Power 225.00 - 184.32 2707 86 PRC Yantan Hydroelectric 52.00 - 30.52 2708 86 PRC Eiaodong Bay Petroleum Appraisal 30.00 * 17.31 2723/1713 86 PRC Rural Health & Preventive Med. 15.00 65.00 69.56 1733 87 PRC Red Soils - 40.00 20.92 2775 87 PRC Shuikou Hydroelectric 140.00 - 118.47 2783/1763 87 PRC Industrial Credit IV (CIB IV) 250.00 50.00 235.69 2784 87 PRC Shanghai Machine Tools 100.00 98.99 1784 87 PRC Xinjiang Agricultural Development - 70.00 68.29 281111792 8? PRC Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway 25.00 125.00 131.48 2812/1793 87 PRC Gansu Provincial Development 20.00 150.50 158.82 1835 87 PRC Planning Support & Special Studies - 20.70 19.10 2794/1779 87 PRC Shanghai Sewerage 45.00 100.00 137.10 2838 87 PRC Fertilizer Rationalization 97.40 - 96.90 2852 87 PRC Wujing Thermal Power 190.00 - 190.00 1871 88 PRC Rural Credit III - 170.00 119.67 2877/1845 88 PRC Huangpu Port 63.0 25.00 88.55 290711875 88 PRC Dalian Port 71.0 25.00 94.49 1883 88 PRC Northern Irrigation - 103.00 93.81 2924/1887 88 PRC Coastal Lands Development 40.00 60.00 96.78 1908 88 PRC Teachers Training - 50.00 47.49 2943 88 PRC Pharmaceuticals 127.00 - 127.00 2951/1917.L 88 PRC Sichuan Highway 75.00 50.00 121.58 2952 /a 88 PRC Shaanxi Highway 50.00 - 50.00 1918 88 PRC Dazing An Ling Forestry - 56.90 53.04 2955 88 PRC Beilungang II 165.00 - 165.00 2958 /a 88 PRC Phosphate Development 62.7 - 62.7 2967/1932 88 PRC RSAL 200.00 100.00 109.06 2968 /L 88 PRC Railway IV 200.00 - 200.00 Total 4,374.47 2.822.30 of which has been repaid 83.82 - Total now held by Bank and IDA 4.290.65 2.822.30 Amount sold: Of which repaid - - Total Undisbursed 2.946.46 1.503.25 4,449.71 /a Not yet signed. /b As credits are denominated in SDRs (since IDA Replenishment VI), undisbursed SDR credit balances are converted to dollars at the current exchange rate between the dollar and the SDR. In some cases, therefore, the undisbursed balance indicates a dollar amount greater than the original principal credit amount expressed in dollars. Notes: 1) The status of the projects listed in Part A is described in a separate report on all Bank/IDA financial projects in execution, which is updated twice yearly and circulated to the Executive Directors on April 30 and October 31. 2) Since the date of this Statement (September 30, 1988) two loans have been approved: Ningbo and Shanghai Ports for $76.4 million, and Xiamen Port for $36.0 million. - 11 - Schedule D Page 3 of 3 B. STATEMENT OF IFC INVESTMENTS (as of September 30. 1988) Invest- Fiscal Type of Loan Equity Total m.ent no. year Obligor business -- (USS million) -- 813 1985 Guangzhou and Peugeot Automobile 15.00 2.00 17.00 974 1987 China Investment Co. Investment 3.00 0.04 3.04 1020 1987 Shenzen China Bicycle 5.00 - 5.00 Bicycles Co. Ltd. Manufacture Total Gross Commitments 23.00 2.04 25.04 Less cancellations, terminations repayment and sales - - - Total Commitments now Held by IFC 23.00 2.04 25.04 Total Disbursed 6.50 0.04 6.54 Total Undisbursed 16.50 2.00 18.50 114- / iiI l- 11 - -:B4 ,f J ,, . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AJii r 1;J :W.)Md*.vi r HUBIEI R~ ( _ . ( , < < , . >, s / /.S - < ~~~~~ZHEJIANG HUNAN y C 20282~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 r / 2 i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Z VINCIAL - Tobgc 7-mwg W") 'rl s HIGHWAY PROJECT Dfndsfa /_ I ~~~~~s TRANSPORT NETWORK GUANGDONG / at-~JIANGXI PROVINCE I e\ I \' ' 5 c / *') ~~~~~~~~~~~POP0EPOEC Mrs / liq a 2 / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~= bn2519 O143/C~ 1594 g roXu / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~k., . ha ' T, ar X , T .___ lIP lip l W is ft. hd rft ,' it ~~~11,4 11S tl6* trr w IBRD 20267 CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECTAHU NANCHANG - JIUJIANG HIGHWAY, . ~HUBEI Proposed Project: Highway Bridges Interchange Part of Project Not Financed by The World Bank 'lU G Notionol Roads - Secondary Roads -.-+ Railroads SHAN r - Rivers A e 14r / Prefecture Boundaries Province Boundaries an o 0 20 30. hi / / Aio(° KILOMETERS ' '/55 e Jbnotong - \ 1. ' '-' ' -- '', .V- :~~~~~~~---~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '*~ ;>,Sb't 44 /- ! , ,J wHo,E, / \5\ XO~Junshon .'z ' Nflshon MOHOGOL .- - (~~~ t / aYongxiuzt~~~~~oHogh < X- - At / \0 L/ OpDotng ,_ Hnh PA HUAN LI ,o N N H G Af\ ~~~~~~~~ HUMAN'p'?p okr L + XinqiSu inz HONG_>_a_ KON. ,,_,K., JANUARY 19.8 IBRD 20282 fft __ A,4 dfAO i0lr ca-alk. v * ftwow" I 1Yangzizhou 4Qing3han GANJIAN\ POkT - / ~~~~~~~~~~RAD RA \lt PORT ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~R R CHINA JIANGXI PROVINCIAL HIGHWAY PROJECT '5 NANCHANG BRIDGE \ \l9 Propee!d Project: I A \ "', Access Rood Construction 1 ° -*--New Bridge Construction MO Lp. 011Cor / Roads KOsfoAorj *-6--- Railroads G0c 4 -a- nBridges -J'NAN Qingyun \ E~ParksSCHA , ZEM ' Urban Areas JIta c- \ n 9 < G t NOA7ANGJ&4G KILOMETERS MACNAO, . U KP lApprox-mote Scole, . Pr.jtss I IH;..>p msov t. 9R