The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 10/29/2020 | Report No: ESRSA01134 Oct 29, 2020 Page 1 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Mozambique AFRICA EAST P171449 Project Name Maputo Urban Transformation Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Urban, Resilience and Investment Project 10/7/2020 12/18/2020 Land Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of Economy and Maputo City Council Finance Proposed Development Objective To improve urban infrastructure and strengthen institutional capacity for sustainable urbanization in Maputo. Public Disclosure Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 100.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] The project will help the Municipal Council of Maputo (CMM) implement the most challenging and transformative urban infrastructure investments and reforms. Firstly, the project will support the implementation of Covid-19 response measures to reduce the risk of contamination and mitigate the socioeconomic impact on the most vulnerable population in Maputo City. The project will improve the living conditions for the poor with a focus on upgrading informal settlements through provision of basic infrastructure, land tenure regularization, and socioeconomic inclusion. Second, the project help to revitalize the Maputo’s city center addressing the critical problems of flooding in the area which have contributed to its physical and economic decline. The project will also help to establish the first sanitarian landfill and promoting guided urban development thereby preventing the city to continue growing in an unsustainable and unplanned manner. Oct 29, 2020 Page 2 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The project components aim to promote informal settlements upgrading in the most vulnerable neighborhoods of Maputo City; the rehabilitation of the stormwater management system of the city center to address the most critical flooding problems in the lower area known as Baixa; and, sustainable urban growth and solid waste management interventions in KaTembe Municipal District, to improve solid waste disposal and treatment in a more sustainable manner. Further interventions include Component 4 as institutional support to CMM to better manage project implementation, and Component 5, defined as a Contingency Emergency Response. Based on spatial analysis and mapping that ranked all neighborhoods in Maputo city, 20 neighborhoods were prioritized for improving the living conditions in informal settlements (14.4 km2 around the formal city – “cidade cimento”, with 264.054 inhabitants, 2018 Census), according to 3 criteria: poverty density, access to urban infrastructure, and exposure to climate hazard (flooding). These neighborhoods are characterized by high population density and great vulnerability to climate risks. The proposed interventions include drainage rehabilitation civil works, also considering green infrastructure (detention, discharges) to allow rainwater to drain at the local level; improvement of the accessibility of isolated residential, as well as water and sanitation investments, with shared sanitary modules, water connections, and transfer stations to improve the fecal sludge management. After applying the mitigation hierarchy, in-situ resettlement is also expected including social and economic activities except for land acquisition. Maputo city center, a densely populated area that houses important historic and cultural heritage buildings, will Public Disclosure receive investments for drainage rehabilitation under Component 2. Considered the historical center of Maputo, the downtown area, known as Baixa, is home to many unique aspects of the country's identity and cultural heritage, with a high predominance of commercial and services uses. The proposed investments include the construction of 4 km of new rainwater collectors to better drain the upper side of the downtown, as well as the construction of retention ponds/green infrastructure to reduce the volume of water destined for the Maputo bay, while also improving the quality of the outflow water, with the retention of solid particles. The combined drainage-sanitation network rehabilitation works will prevent seawater from flooding the drainage discharges during periods of high tide. KaTembe, historically distant and far from the dynamics of occupation (5 km from the center), is a peri-urban area of transition to the rural environment, which mainly comprises a natural environment, close to important habitats that surround the city, such as mangroves, vast coastal areas, areas susceptible to flooding that are preserved and constitute real natural barriers to mitigate climate events. The recent construction of a bridge, linking the city of Maputo and KaTembe, increases development pressures in this fragile ecosystem, now being considered the main urban expansion area in Maputo. During project preparation, a spatial analysis was undertaken to develop different scenarios and drivers of urban growth to help to identify and prioritizing the proposed guided land development schemes in KaTembe; and, taking into consideration demographic growth, land use, topography, access to urban infrastructure and basic services, climate risks, access to jobs, and land market. Based on this analysis, the project will finance under Component 3: general urban studies and partial plans revision of the KaTembe General Urban Plan (PGU) for the most suitable guided land development schemes; implementation of land demarcation of the rights-of- way 31 km of roads, 50 km2 of a protected area and public equipment, and boundaries of 1.500 plots for low-income families, as well as the construction of the secondary and tertiary roads to access these areas, a pilot sites-and- services to benefit 100 low-income families currently living on high flooding risk area in KaTembe. The project will finance the costs related to the land survey, updating municipal land cadaster, public awareness, and information on Oct 29, 2020 Page 3 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) provisional claims, legal support and conflict resolution, and other costs needed to regularize land tenure in areas designed for the guided land development schemes. Further proposed investments in KaTembe under Component 3 will include: the construction of the new municipal sanitarian landfill, and the decommissioning of the existing dumpsite will be implemented in phases. During the 1st phase (year 1) the project will finance the preparation of feasibility study, detailed engineering design, and safeguards instruments required, starting with site selection studies for the new landfill and alternatives analysis. During the 2nd phase (year 2-3), the project will finance the construction of the new landfill (250.000 m2 of land, sufficient for the first phase with a capacity of 1,600 cubic tons daily); improvements on access roads area being considered. Finally, during the 3rd phase (year 4-5) the project will finance the second phase of the decommissioning of the Hulene Dumpsite. Several technical studies and designs were prepared for the original landfill planned for Matola. However, due to the new location in KaTembe, and new technologies, the project will support revising these studies and safeguards instruments. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The Maputo Municipal Council (CMM) has experience of implementing Bank projects applying Safeguard policies, but no prior experience with the Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). The Council has a unit that oversees public engagement. However, there is no institutional team overseeing environmental and social risk management. Mozambique has low capacity on managing social and environmental risks and mostly such capacity is tied to specific Bank projects. Expertise on resettlement will need to be built up through the hiring of technical experts. Further, technical support will be required for overseeing cultural heritage conservation, management of labor, management of GBV risks, and health and safety issues. The project will establish an Environment, Social, and Resettlement Unit within the Council to oversee the implementation of environmental and social issues and will be staffed with adequate personnel. The CMM has already hired the E&S team, responsible for the preparation of Safeguards Public Disclosure Instruments. The CMM has also an active GBV program in Maputo led by the Department of Social Protection and Health. Additional support will be discussed, if needed, to support the implementation stage. Specific training sessions were delivered on E&S risk management to the Unit during project preparation, and during the implementation stage, a detailed Training Plan is proposed, covering the assessment of both environmental and social impacts. The CMM approved in February 2019 the new Maputo Municipal Development Plan (PDMM 2019-23), which establishes ambitious objectives to accelerate urban growth in a socially, economically, and climate-resilient manner. However, there are still institutional constraints and political economy dynamics that prevent improving municipal planning, finance, and service. During preparation, the project conducted a further Institutional Capacity Assessment, and a set of pieces of training and activities was proposed to support institutional capacity strengthening throughout the life of the project. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) High Environmental Risk Rating High The environmental risk and impact have been determined as “High”, as the project will finance interventions in multiple sectors in highly densified neighborhoods, and the sensitive nature of the project context and location, requiring a strong institutional capacity of municipal authorities to manage the risks consistent with the requirements set out in the ESF. Overall, the project will have positive environmental and social benefits in improving the living conditions in informal settlements, mobilizing investment for rehabilitation of drainage system, and strengthening municipal governance. However, many project activities will be made in small sites inserted in the context of high- Oct 29, 2020 Page 4 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) density urban areas close to historic and cultural heritage buildings, where community health and safety risks and impacts are expected, as well as OHS related issues. Other activities will be made in the KaTembe Municipal District, in a context of high biodiversity sensitivity, including large mangroves area and protected areas, with small rivers and ciliary vegetation, relevant to reduce climate change issues. The city of Maputo has been screened as high risk for natural hazards, particularly high flood risk, subject to a high level of informal settlement coupled with weak zoning enforcement. The implementation of the first municipal sanitary landfill – for safe disposal of solid waste, and the closure and environmental recovery of the Hulene dumpsite, bring irreversible/high magnitude impacts and complex risks to manage not only during the construction stage but particularly during the operational phase of this new facility and the decommission of Hulene dumpsite. Key environmental risks are related to: (i) potential damage to sensitive areas, natural and/or critical habitats, as well as cultural heritage; (ii) water quality of proposed retention ponds from sewage discharges and direct and indirect impact on PCR form construction activities (vibration) mainly the main drainage works; (iii) community health and safety, including temporary impacts caused by civil works, coexistence with workers, presence, and movement of heavy machines and equipment, road traffic safety, increased dust and noise and some disturbances of neighborhood level, among others; (iii) occupational health and safety as small and medium civil works are expected for most of the components, not only in the context of densely populated urban areas, at high flood risk, subject to a high level of informal settlement coupled with weak zoning enforcement, but also in environmentally sensitive areas. Other environmental risks include: water flow obstruction, and minimal water pollution due to construction-related activities; potential loss of habitat due to dredging or placement of dredged material and potential impacts to endangered species if any; solid and liquid waste management mainly due to management and disposal of construction and hazards waste; and increased noise, vibration, air pollution (dust) levels, and soil erosion. Additional Public Disclosure expected risks and impacts are identified related to labor working conditions, waste management and permitting, exploration, and rehabilitation of borrow pit areas. The proposed environmental and social management process should apply differentiated approaches should to high and low risk interventions, meeting the proportionate approach. The approach is a project in phases, interactive and based on the proposed area of intervention, appropriate for projects with wide area, scope and multiple interventions. A solid basis for the implementation of the ESMF is promoted, as a robust contribution to environmental and social assessment in project preparation and design, and guidance for the development of additional E&S tools as final subprojects are selected and information becomes available. The ESF instruments were prepared by qualified and experienced independent consultants, hired by the client, as requested for high-risk projects. Social Risk Rating High The social risk of the project is classified as “High” under the World Bank ESF, taking into account the potential significant adverse environmental and social impacts, due to proposed activities and interventions in densely populated urban areas, wich include informal settlements and the downtown/ historic center of Maputo (Baixa), as well as the limited past experience and capacity of implementing agencies to manage the social risks. Resettlement will require identification of alternate land and may pose a risk if suitable land is not available and in a timely manner. When deemed unavoidable, the resettlement should be only in-situ, ideally in the same neighborhood or at least in the same municipal district, not more than 5 Km from the original location, in a way to minimize relocation to available municipal land which is often distant from jobs and lack basic infrastructure. The social risks related to the land tenure regularization of informal settlements and to the installation of the landfill are also significant. Construction needs will require use of manual labor, some, if not all, of which is expected to come from peri-urban and rural areas. Labor influx can potentially lead to Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) Oct 29, 2020 Page 5 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) and other social risks which will need to be managed. Community health and safety can be potentially impacted due to the construction process, especially in high density urban areas and urban informal settlements where people may face increased risk of accidents and health impacts such as those related to air pollution. Key social risks are related to: (i) land acquisition and involuntary resettlement; (ii) labor issues; (iii) community health and safety; (iv) Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH); (v) cultural property. The social risks related to the land tenure regularization of informal settlements, as well as risks of economic displacement and gentrification are relevant, especially in Baixa and KaTembe. Other risks include social conflict, marginalization and exclusion of urban poor. The implementation of the first municipal sanitary landfill in KaTembe and the closure of the Hulene dumpsite, bring significant social risks and impacts to be managed, especially with regards to vulnerable groups and marginalized people who currently work and live around the Hulene dumpsite. Some of these risks may be aggravated due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which presents Governments with unprecedented challenges. Measures to manage COVID-19 transmission risks to workers and the community will be incorporated as part of the mitigation measures for managing environmental and social risks of the project. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: The expected positive impacts of the project include the improvement of: (i) drainage to reduce the incidence of Public Disclosure flooding; (ii) accessibility of isolated areas to the existing roads in/round the selected neighborhoods; (iii) sanitary conditions/limited access to water; (iv) land tenure regularization; (v) management of solid waste, solving one of the main environmental problem in Maputo; and, (vi) COVID-19 respond related activities and socioeconomic inclusion program. There are potential E&S risks related to small/medium civil works in densely populated urban areas, subject to high risk of flooding and weak zoning enforcement. E&S risks include temporary impacts caused by civil works, coexistence with workers, presence and movement of machines and equipment, transportation and disposal of raw materials, erosion or internal areas or of coastal zones, increased dust and noise, and some disturbances of neighborhood level, among others. Impacts and risks related to the water quality of proposed retention ponds from sewage discharges and direct and indirect impact on PCR from construction activities. The project will address associated risks of pollution management, potential damage to sensitive areas, natural habitats and cultural heritage, road traffic safety, community health and safety, labor working conditions, waste management, adequate permitting, exploration, and rehabilitation of borrow pit areas. Particularly, the control of environmentally sensitive areas (such as mangroves) and support of restoration activities, and requirements under the ESF. CMM has prepared an overall and comprehensive area-based ESIA, one for each area in the city that will be targeted for project intervention. The ESIA provides a detailed description of these areas, its current E&S characteristics, the projects being considered, the results of consultation with stakeholders, and a preliminary approach to the application of the mitigation hierarchy. This ESIA considers an integrated approach in which the Social Assessment (SA) is embedded, comprising all relevant ESSs and the Bank’s Directive on Addressing Risks and Impacts on Disadvantaged or Vulnerable Individuals or Groups. The SA focuses on: labor issues; community health and safety & SEA/SH; economic displacement and involuntary resettlement; cultural property and intangible cultural heritage; social conflict, marginalization and exclusion of urban poor. Related mitigation measures are included to address Oct 29, 2020 Page 6 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) these social risks and impacts, and to avoid that adverse impacts fall disproportionately on the disadvantaged or vulnerable. The ESIA informed the development of an ESMF setting out the processes and standards to be followed in screening and site selection, final specific EA/ESIA for each subproject as information and preliminary designs become available, and preparation of site-specific ESMPs – expected to take place during implementation. Following the project’s implementation strategy, during Phase 1 (years 1-2), the project will support the finalization of more complex technical studies/designs for the larger investments; while in parallel, the project will focus on a “tactical urbanism” approach that includes low-cost, simple to implement, and scalable interventions to support the CMM’s respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding the new landfill, the following studies are needed: during Phase 1, (i) Urban Solid Waste Integrated Management Plan; (ii) Pre-selection of Alternative Sites; (iii) Feasibility Study, including final alternatives assessment; during Phase 2, (iv) ESIA/ESMP and RAP for the new landfill; (v) Legal Modeling for the Landfill Operation; during Phase 3, (vi) Audit and Remediation Plan for decommissioning of the current dump (Lixeira do Hulene); (vii) Social Inclusion Plan of Waste Pickers and vulnerable groups who currently work and live around the dumpsite; and (viii) Land tenure assessment. The CMM with support of Japan is implementing Phase 1 of environmental recovery and the decommission of the dumpsite. It was confirmed that the Matola landfill should not be considered as an “Associated Facility”, as: (i) the GoM has not confirmed that the landfill will be carried out or is planned to be carried out contemporaneously with the project; (ii) it is not directly and significantly related to the project; and, (iii) the Matola landfill is not necessary for the project to be viable. The Maputo SWM system will be planned to serve Maputo city for 20 years or more. The ESMF addresses procedures to avoid, minimize and mitigate negative E&S risks and impacts related to project Public Disclosure activities in a manner consistent with the ESF, including: the screening and assessment provision to ensure alternative analysis for all proposed activities; Local Development and Social Inclusion Plan, which also focuses on risks related to GBV/SEA/SH, and exclusion of urban poor and vulnerable groups; Labor Management Procedures; Construction Site Security Plan; Cultural Heritage Management Plan; Guidance on Environment, Health and Safety (EHS); Road Safety Plan; Emergency Response Plan; Sanitary and Environmental Education Plan; Resource Efficiency & Pollution Prevention Plan; Occupation Control of Risk Areas Plan and Green Infrastructure; Management Plan for Protected Areas in KaTembe; Solid Waste Management Plan considering an estimated of gross GHG emissions; and, Waste Pickers Inclusion Plan. Prior to effectiveness, the ESMF and RPF will be revised to include final comments and considerations. In this phase of the project preparation, cumulative impacts are not expected, but other potential investments in Maputo related to drainage and SWM sectors are not yet known. During the 1st phase of activities, an assessment of cumulative impacts (as a stand alone report following IFC guidelines) will be done for drainage and SWM sectors, to identify any demand. The project will include the CIA in the respective ESIAs and alternative analysis, and will avoid and minimize any CI through site selection and design. In Maputo, there are several drainage systems that directly or indirectly drain into different watercourses affecting marine ecosystems and community health. The construction of drainage systems will have a significant contribution to these impacts, however, appropriate measures should be deepened in specific studies and during the design process of the subprojects. Medium and long term landfill activity can contaminate water resources and the homesickness of communities, consequently may affect existing ecosystems and contribute to their degradation. Regarding the risks of gentrification on the urban poor, the project will help the Municipality to implement the following measures: (i) improve the living conditions and basic urban infrastructure in the most vulnerable informal settlements where the poorest inhabitants of Maputo currently live; (ii) formalize land use rights for those poor Oct 29, 2020 Page 7 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) households; (iii) socio-economic inclusion program in the city center, where the most vulnerable people in street conditions in Maputo live and work; (iv) in situ resettlement so those affected by the project benefit from the project investments; (v) development of well-located sites-and-services in KaTembe with all the basic infrastructure and core housing unit; (vi) increase transparency and efficiency in municipal land administration to address stressed land sales, elite capture and favoritisms; (vii) align the property tax assessment, include progressivity to disincentivize land speculation, and introduce land value capture mechanism to redirect resources from the better-off to the urban poor. Since the exact location of infrastructure interventions is not defined, CMM has prepared a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) to provide guidance and set out the process and standards for the preparation of subproject specific Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) where needed during project implementation. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) was already prepared, including procedures for consultations, information dissemination and Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). A first version of the ESIA/ESMF, RPF and SEP were disclosed by the CMM. After a public consultation process, new versions have been prepared and submitted to the Bank for approval before appraisal. The CMM needs to adopt a well-defined project management system to help to manage the set of proposed contracts and interventions. In addition to an internalized management unit, the borrower should consider contractors with strong E&S capabilities to supplement the PIU and the CMM staff. ToRs for the site-specific ESIAs and ESMPs, LMPs, and RAPs will be prepared 60 days after effectiveness, and should be in place and approved before works are bid and included in construction contracts, also including approved ESIAs (by independent consultants), general ESMPs/ECOPs--specifications, RAPs, LDSIP, PCH if applicable. Independent supervision will support CMM during implementation as part of the subproject contract management. Public Disclosure The preparation of standardized environmental and social specifications (ECOPs) for low risk interventions may well save a lot of time and resources. ESIAs are not needed for most interventions but site-specific ESMPs will be a key instrument for managing local impacts; preparing site specific plans should be included in training program during the first year of implementation. The CERC will facilitate to access rapid financing through the reallocation of the uncommitted project funds in the event of eligible crises or emergencies. If activated, all activities under CERC will be carried out in accordance with the ESF, specific E&S instruments will be prepared, as needed. ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure Stakeholder engagement is a critical tool for the project’s success in a participatory and inclusive way, considering different expectations and needs, giving access and voice to the most vulnerable and avoiding potential social conflicts. The Project will require extensive stakeholder consultations especially for the investments under component 1, 2 and 3 that include construction activities. The main stakeholders consist of relevant government agencies, residents of Maputo and Ka- Tembe, businesses, land developers, small traders and roadside hawkers, tourists, Civil Society Organizations and academic/research institutions. Urban residents of Maputo will benefit from infrastructure upgrading especially those residing in informal settlements where urban refurbishment will take place. Urban upgrading in informal settlements of Maputo will require the involvement of local communities, other governmental agencies, CSOs and NGOs. Further, the revision of the KaTembe General Urban Plan and preparation of Partial Plans, as well as the land demarcation and land tenure regularization will need to be planned and implemented in consultation with users, business groups and other interest groups in Ka-Tembe. Consultations will Oct 29, 2020 Page 8 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) need to ensure that women, marginalized groups and poor are included, actively consulted and participate in the design and implementation of all subprojects. Specific consultations with affected households should take place during the preparation of RAPs, including resettlement sites location and host communities. A draft of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) was prepared by CMM and includes details of types, frequency and approach to consultations, information sharing and Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) related procedures. The existing grievance mechanisms of the CMM were presented in the preliminary version of the SEP, which were disclosed for public consultation. The revised version of the SEP incorporated additional elements to the proposed project GRM, as well as comments and contributions from the public consultation process. The Borrower will submit the SEP for Bank’s clearance by appraisal and update it regularly during implementation. The GRM needs to have a GBV-sensitive channel, which has to follow a survivor centered approach and ensure confidentiality. To ensure the referral to services, a GBV service provider mapping will be done as part of the GBV Action Plan, which will be submitted to the Bank for approval by Project Effectiveness. As part of the stakeholder engagement and information dissemination process during the project preparation, draft versions of the ESMF, RPF and SEP were subject to public consultation in accordance with the action plan previously submitted and reviewed together with the Bank's specialists. Public consultations were preceded by a series of activities for the preparation, dissemination and training of the team designated by the CMM. Disclosure was made through the country's most widely circulated newspaper, 15 days before consultations began. The preliminary versions for consulting the documents were also available 15 days in advance on the website of the National Association of Municipalities of Mozambique (ANAMM) (www.anamm.org.mz). Non-Technical Summaries (RNT) were sent to the community leaders, public institutions and, by e-mail, to NGOs, public and private companies, as well as other interested parties. The meetings were held respecting the restrictions and protective measures given to the Public Disclosure COVID-19 pandemic situation, in compliance with Presidential Decree No. 11/2020, of 30 March and the recommendations of the World Bank. Alternative ways to disseminate the information and capture feedback were used to overcome the constraints related to the COVID-19 restrictions, such as televised interview program, website, dedicated telephone number/CMM hotline and e-mails. The preliminary versions of the three environmental and social instruments were revised following the comments and contributions from the public consultation process. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions The Project will undertake construction of new infrastructure, which type and size will require construction labor mostly met from within the city and expected to be procured locally. To minimize the risk of influx of labor, increased risk of SEA/SH and adverse social impacts on communities, including residents in informal settlements, the project will prioritize local hiring and avoid workers’ accomodation. The ESIA will assess existing labor and working conditions and any related potential impacts, including child labor and forced labor or lack of equal employment opportunities for women. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS): to ensure health and safety of workers during the construction and operational phases of the Project, CMM will develop and implement a Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) plan in line with the World Bank Group Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines for construction activities. The plan will include procedures on incident investigation and reporting, recording and reporting of non-conformance, emergency preparedness and response procedures, and continuous training and awareness raising to workers. Oct 29, 2020 Page 9 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) CMM has included Labor Management Procedures (LMP) as part of the ESMF, which will be applicable to the project in accordance with the requirements of ESS2. Procedures will consider the following groups: (i) direct workers; (ii) contracted workers; (iii) primary supply workers; and (iv) community workers under sub-projects. Certain provisions of ESS2 (paras. 17-20 and 24-30) are applicable to the government civil servants that may be involved in the project implementation and oversight. Civil servants working in connection with the project on a full-time or part-time basis will remain subject to the terms and conditions of their existing public sector employment or agreement unless there has been an effective legal transfer of their employment or engagement in the Project. OHS measures will be included in the ESMPs for specific works to be contracted and associated Labor Management Plans will be prepared as needed to ensure adequate supervision of these OHS aspects. The Labor Management Plans should include measures to avoid discrimination and grant equal opportunities. A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will be available for all direct and contracted workers on all Project-related matters, including terms and conditions of employment; non-discrimination and equal opportunity; workers’ organizations; occupational health and safety, harassment and other behavioral complaints. The GRM for project workers should include a GBV-sensitive channel for SEA/SH complaints, which has to follow a survivor centered approach and ensure confidentiality. The number of eventual workers is currently unknown. Labor camps are not anticipated. Site specific ESMPs for subprojects will further assess the needed workforce, whether it can be procured locally and what is expected in terms of workers’ accommodations. ESMPs to be prepared during implementation and bidding documents will be expected to include the standards of accommodation for workers, if it is needed, as well as standard Codes of Conduct that include measures to prevent Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harrassment (SEA/SH). As part of the planned institutional capacity assessment, CMM’s capacity to manage labor, working conditions and community health and safety will be assessed and appropriate technical expertise will be procured. Public Disclosure Regarding the use of local labor and management of potential camps, the project has confirmed that: (i) preference will be given to hiring locally and this will be reflected in the LMP as a Local Hiring Plan; (ii) the use of labor camps will not be allowed unless the contractor requests and justifies and exception, and the factors to grant such exception as well as the conditions required in any camp, including site selection, will be set out in the final LMP. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management The ESIA/ESMF includes a thorough assessment of risks associated with any proposed works and their direct and indirect impact, as well as the related technical assistance and awareness-raising activities that may need to take place. In particular, for project interventions related to the coastal and urban environment, a comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan will be required. Waste management, including collection, treatment, and disposal, is an important cross-cutting risk for project activities as there is a significant amount of debris and solid and municipal waste currently polluting the beaches and in and around urban zones. Based on the outcome of any technical analyses, every effort will be made to enhance resource efficiency by minimizing the debris and waste to be displaced or removed and disposed of while maximizing opportunities to reuse source materials. To meet ESS3 requirements on resource efficiency, energy, water, and raw materials uses, the prepared ESIA/ESMF identifies the need to address more efficient and effective resource use, pollution prevention and GHG emission avoidance, and mitigation technologies and practices have become more accessible and achievable. A Resource Efficiency & Pollution Prevention and Management Plan, relevant especially for the implementation of the new landfill, with eventual co- generation of renewable energy, collection and burning of gas also in Hulene, GHG issues, among others; as well as, to promote sustainable use of resources, including not only energy, but also water and raw materials, to avoid or minimize adverse impacts on human health and the environment, caused by pollution from projects activities. Oct 29, 2020 Page 10 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) Therefore, the below-proposed studies and plans must be included in the ESCP, as part of the feasibility studies of the new landfill, considering alternatives and implement technically and financially feasible and cost-effective options to avoid or minimize project-related air emissions during the design, construction, and operation of the project. Options for reducing GHG emissions may include alternative project locations; adoption of renewable or low carbon energy sources; the reduction of fugitive emissions and gas flaring; carbon sequestration and storage; sustainable transport alternatives; and proper waste management practices. As part of the ESIA/ESMP of this subproject, the Borrower will characterize and estimate sources of air pollution-related to the project. This will include an Estimate of gross GHG Emissions resulting from the project, providing that such estimation is technically and financially feasible. Where the Borrower does not have the capacity to develop the estimate of GHG emissions, the Bank will provide assistance to the Borrower. Finally, as necessary, more detailed or targeted provision for resource efficiency and management or mitigation measures may be required in site– or sector-specific ESMPs once further information regarding the subproject becomes available during the implementation stage. ESS4 Community Health and Safety This standard is relevant, given the inclusion of construction and rehabilitation works in the Project activities in a congested urban settlement with heavy traffic and street activity. The project will undertake the construction of infrastructure that could lead to adverse health impacts such as due to dust and emissions on local communities especially those in informal settlements. Increased traffic and use of machinery are likely to impact the safe movement of people. The risk of an increase in GBV/SEA/SH is also possible due to labor working on infrastructure Public Disclosure refurbishment in informal settlements. The World Bank’s GBV risk assessment tool was applied to the project to assess the level of risk. The project GBV/SEA/SH risk is rated as “Moderate” and a GBV Action Plan has been prepared as part of the Local Development and Social Inclusion Plan, which is included in the ESMF. The CMM will finalize the GBV Action Plan and will submit to the Bank for approval by Project Effectiveness, including the GBV service provider mapping and an accountability and response framework, following the World Bank directives and national GBV legislation. The main projected Community Health and Safety impacts and risks include: (i) increased risk of traffic hazards and incidents associated with presence of trucks and other heavy machinery; (ii) blocking or diversion of traffic to potentially less accessible routes in terms of mobility; (iii) exposure to hazardous materials and possible health risks associated with inappropriate storage/use of chemicals; (iv) exposure to dust emission and noise pollution; (v) health risks linked to inappropriate disposal of solid and human waste; and (vi) risks associated with property theft especially at night when construction equipment is stored. Traffic management in densely packed neighborhoods will be a challenge, therefore pedestrian safety, especially school children, should be a priority; addditional mitigation measures were addressed, also to consider is the scheduling of works, work stoppages, according to school entry and departure schedules. Mitigation measures should be taken to reduce impacts on communities to minor/acceptable levels, including controlling access to project sites, developing community emergency response procedures, and implementing measures to prevent disease and exposure to toxic materials such as the proper disposal of human and hazardous waste. It is not anticipated that the project involves large structure which should address structural safety requirements. Project design will ensure universal accessibility to all improved infrastructure, where technically and economically feasible, including sidewalks, parks and other infrastructure, as well as safety of any stalls, benches, playground, etc. Oct 29, 2020 Page 11 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) A complete Guidance on Environmental, Health and Safety is also being prepared as part of the ESMF, to address all the impacts and risks already identified, as well as: a Road Safety Plan, to avoid or minimize community exposure to project-related traffic and road safety, diseases and hazardous materials; an Emergency Response Plan, to have in place effective measures to address emergency events; Sanitary and Environmental Education Plan, relevant to promote the adequate use of sanitary kits, and proper maintenance of kits and water taps; an Use and Occupation Control of Risk Areas Plan, relevant for the retention basins, called as green infrastructure, to be implemented during drainage civil works under Components 1 and 2. For all the construction/rehabilitation work, it will be stipulated in the ESMF (and required ESMPs for subprojects) that the contractor should install a security system around the Project sites and equipment (fences and security guards if necessary) during the entire construction period. If feasible, equipment and vehicles will be brought together to one single protected area during the night to ensure both community and worker’s safety. Regarding the use of Security Personnel, in case implementing zone, workers or contractors’ equipment are to be protected by security personnel, it will be ensured that the security personnel follow a strict code of conduct and avoid any escalation of situation. Government security personnel deployed to provide security or other services as part of implementing activities related to the Project will be managed consistent with the requirements of ESS4 and World Bank guidance on Use of Military Forces. As part of the monitoring and enforcement of the project’s ESMF and related ESMPs, the Borrower will conduct during the project implementation a risk assessment of security arrangements and ensure that security arrangements are operational in accordance with the guidance available under ESS4. ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Public Disclosure This standard is relevant. The Project will undertake infrastructure upgrading in Maputo, especially in informal settlements, which is expected to lead to land acquisition, involuntary resettlement and, potentially, economic losses such as loss of livelihoods. Since the exact location of infrastructure interventions is not yet defined, a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) has been prepared to provide guidance and to ensure that activities to be financed under the project that require involuntary resettlement are properly managed in accordance the ESS5 and the related Mozambican legal requirements. For each sub-project that will demand land acquisition and involuntary resettlement, as well as will create restrictions on land use, it will be necessary to prepare and implement a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) during project implementation. The RPF has (i) specified principles and objectives governing resettlement preparation and implementation, (ii) presented the legal framework and Bank policy requirements, (iii) described the process for the development of potential RAPs, (iv) outlined eligibility criteria for PAPs and entitlement matrix, (v) defined methods of valuing affected assets and compensation, (vi) proposed the institutional arrangements for resettlement implementation and monitoring; (vii) outlined consultation process for the future RAP(s), (viii) defined the grievance redress mechanisms to capture all complaints related to the project but not only those from resettlement issues. The CMM PIU will be provided with technical assistance and training to enhance their capacity on ESS5. Efforts will be made to avoid or minimize the potential involuntary resettlement during the preparation of the sub-projects’ detailed engineering designs, through the systematic use of environmental and social screening tools in conjunction with early stakeholder engagement activities. When resettlement cannot be avoided, families and economic activities will be relocated always in the same neighborhood or not more than 5 Km from the original location. To enhance the in situ resettlement and minimize impacts, the project will provide capacity building to communities on their legal Oct 29, 2020 Page 12 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) rights and access to services. In addition to that, organizations and networks that can provide legal and economic assistance to the communities will be mapped and engaged as part of the SEP implementation. In addition, the RAP for the Hulene dumpsite will include the waste pickers potentially affected by decommissioning, in order to provide livelihood restoration alternatives, in consultation with the PAPs and linked to the Waste Pickers Inclusion Plan. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources The project should have positive impacts by rationalizing the process of occupation of the urban space in a way that is more suited to its natural features, defined as urban greening. During Phase 1, the preparation or review of specific studies and instruments should have a special focus on climate risk reduction, greening of the urban landscape, and the preservation and inclusive access and enjoyment of the urban landscape, as needed. Although the primary interventions under consideration should not impose any significant negative impacts to local biodiversity in the immediate zone of impact, the Project may promote conservation of the remaining biodiversity endowment in the urban environment, principally trees along the streets and other areas, and this will be discussed during preparation. Remediation actions will be also assessed and addressed as needed. Special attention should be taken to the KaTembe proposed interventions, with a very large natural area of mangroves, small rivers, and ciliary vegetation and other fragile environments, that function not only as natural ecosystems, but also as natural barriers to reduce the impact of heavy storms, cyclones, and sea-level rise. Protected areas or highly sensitive areas should be avoided, as this peri-urban area offers access to major attractions, including a long line of pristine beaches, the National Elephant Reserve, the Ponta do Ouro, and to South Africa. To manage any risks to biodiversity conservation Public Disclosure and sustainable natural resource management, the ESIA identifies potential overall impacts on natural habitats; and, when necessary, present mitigation measures, in line with the mitigation hierarchy. These proposed mitigation measures are reflected in the ESMF and include procedures to assess biodiversity and natural habitats that could be impacted by Project activities, including what ecosystem services they provide. In designing Project activities, during implementation, due care and attention will be paid to the mitigation hierarchy to minimize harm to local biodiversity and natural resources, and site-specific ESMPs for subprojects will address management and mitigation measures, as necessary. KaTembe proposed interventions include the delimitation of a 50 Km2 of a protected area and public equipment, following the proposed revision of the KaTembe General Urban Plan (PGU). The project will finance the costs related to land survey, updating municipal land cadaster, public awareness, and information on provisional claims, legal support and conflict resolution, and other costs needed to regularize land tenure in areas designed for the guided land development schemes. To address additional risks related to natural habitats and sensitive areas in KaTembe, a Management Plan for Protected Area is proposed and should include specific activities and recommendations in consideration of attending Climate Change, flood risk, and biodiversity issues, to promote the sustainable management of living natural resources and adopt good practices that integrate conservation needs and development priorities. As part of the technical studies and engineering design of the land demarcation in KaTembe (protected area and future public equipment) and investments in green infrastructure in all the intervention areas of Maputo, an Use and Occupation Control and Management Plan will be prepared to ensure that these areas will not be occupied irregularly and will be properly preserved and maintained. Oct 29, 2020 Page 13 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities This standard is assessed to be not relevant as there are no identified vulnerable or marginalized groups with identities and aspirations that are distinct from mainstream groups as defined under the Indigenous Peoples/Sub- Saharan Historically Under-served Traditional Local Communities in the project area of influence. ESS8 Cultural Heritage This standard is considered relevant to this project. The project interventios should avoid impacts on cultural heritage, especially in works under Component 2 located in the downtown area, known as Baixa, a densely populated area that houses important historic and cultural heritage buildings. This will require careful planning and implementation to ensure that historical buildings and sites with architectural and cultural significance are not affected by the project. Any project interventions will address cultural heritage as an integral aspect of Maputo’s sustainable urban renewal and development and promote equitable benefit-sharing for all economic sectors in the city and surrounding area. Particular attention to intangible cultural heritage capital of the city and certain specific neighborhoods, their markets and musical traditions is also required, which need to be preserved in line with community aspirations, including local community groups in all related discussions. This can be connected to some iconic neighborhoods in Maputo with strong affiliation and active support of CSOs to be referred as good practices, regardless the specific geographic coverage of the project. Community capacity building will cover cultural heritage awareness and preservation. Appropriate cultural heritage aspects will be discussed by the CMM and PIU, in consultation with the local planning authorities and the national heritage institution during the design of the specific interventions. Based on the outcome of these discussions, cultural heritage plans in accordance with ESS8 may be Public Disclosure developed for specific sub-projects, as needed, such as a Cultural Heritage Management Plan for City’s Center of Maputo. Where necessary, the project team will ensure consultation with specialists in cultural heritage during project implementation and, as necessary, may engage specialized technical expertise to provide support and/or advice. In addition, chance find procedures and cultural resources management will be integrated in the ESMF (and in any site-specific ESMPs, as needed). Construction contracts will include a “Chance Find” clause which will require contractors to stop construction if cultural property sites are encountered during construction and follow national laws requirements. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries This standard is not relevant as there are no financial intermediaries. B.3 Other Relevant Project Risks Other risks include social conflict, marginalization, and exclusion of urban poor. The risk of social conflict in an urban area is significant; therefore, the Project’s SEP provides guidance on inclusion and consultations with a feedback loop to stakeholders, as well as on conflict management. The Local Development and Social Inclusion Plan also focuses on risks related to Gender Based Violence (GBV), social conflict, marginalization, and exclusion of urban poor and vulnerable groups. Throughout the implementation cycle (years 1-5), the project will support the socio-economic development including actions to address GBV in the areas of intervention. Oct 29, 2020 Page 14 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No B.3. Reliance on Borrower’s policy, legal and institutional framework, relevant to the Project risks and impacts Is this project being prepared for use of Borrower Framework? No Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: None IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Andre Herzog Title: Senior Urban Specialist Public Disclosure Telephone No: 5333+2363 / 258-21-482363 Email: aherzog@worldbank.org Contact: Hannah Kim Title: Urban Specialist Telephone No: +1-202-473-3447 Email: hkim9@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of Economy and Finance Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Maputo City Council V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Oct 29, 2020 Page 15 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects Public Disclosure Oct 29, 2020 Page 16 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) VI. APPROVAL Public Disclosure Oct 29, 2020 Page 17 of 18 The World Bank Maputo Urban Transformation Project (P171449) Task Team Leader(s): Andre Herzog, Hannah Kim Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Africa Eshogba Olojoba Cleared on 28-Oct-2020 at 20:03:23 GMT-04:00 Safeguards Advisor ESSA Peter Leonard (SAESSA) Concurred on 29-Oct-2020 at 10:03:58 GMT-04:00 Public Disclosure Oct 29, 2020 Page 18 of 18