REGIONAL GENDER ACTION PLAN FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (AFE) (FY 24-28) ACRONYMS 4Es: Empowering women, enhancing access to GDP: Gross Domestic Product SD: Sustainable Development reproductive health services, educating girls, and GIL: Gender Innovation Lab SDG: Sustainable Development Goal employing women GP: Global Practice SEA/SH: Sexual exploitation and abuse and AFE: Africa Eastern and Southern HD: Human Development sexual harassment CEP: Country Engagement Product ICT: Information and communication technologies SRH: Sexual and Reproductive Health CMU: Country Management Unit IDA RMS: International Development Association SSI: Social Sustainability and Inclusion CPF: Country Partnership Framework Results Measurement System STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and CSC: World Bank Corporate Score Card INFRA: Infrastructure Math DPF: Development Policy Financing IPF: Investment Project Financing TVET: Technical and Vocational Education and DPO: Development Policy Operation IPV: Intimate Partner Violence Training DRC: Democratic Republic of the Congo ITU: The International Telecommunication Union UMIC: Upper-Middle-Income Country EAGER: East Africa Girls' Empowerment and LIC: Low-income country VAC: Violence against children Resilience Project LMIC: Lower-Middle-Income Country VAW: Violence against women EFI: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions MPA: Multiphase Programmatic Approach WASH: Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene FCS: Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations MSME: Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise WB: World Bank FCV: Fragility, Conflict, and Violence P4R: Program-for-Results Financing WBL: Women, Business, and the Law FGM/C: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting PG: Practice Group WDI: World Development Indicators FY: Fiscal Year PHC: Primary Health Care GBV: Gender-based violence RGAP: Regional Gender Action Plan AFE RGAP FY24-28 THE CHALLENGE: A WOMAN OR GIRL IN AFE… Has a 59% chance of Has over 20% chance Has a 42% chance of Earns significantly not being enrolled in of starting childbearing finding it justifiable for less than a male secondary school as a teenager a man to beat his wife farmer, entrepreneur, or wage worker AFE RGAP FY24-28 THE CHALLENGE: A WOMAN OR GIRL IN AFE… Has a 42% chance not to be Has only a 34% chance Has ~ 30% chance Enjoys only 74% of participating in decisions (vs 41% for men) to of being married the legal rights of about own health care, major have made/received a before the age of 18 men across laws household purchases, digital payment in the included in Women, and visiting family last year Business and the Law Is worse-off across all dimensions if she lives in a rural area, is poor, disabled, or belongs to an ethnic minority. • Uganda: A girl in the poorest wealth quintile has a 30% chance of starting childbearing while still a teenager (vs 9% if she is in wealthiest quintile) and a 7% chance of attending secondary school (vs 42%). • Madagascar: A girl in a rural area has a 1% chance of having completed lower secondary education (vs 40% if in an urban area) and a 42% chance of starting childbearing while still a teenager (vs 19% if in an urban area). • Higher gender gaps among these groups of women also result in weaker development outcomes for their children. AFE RGAP FY24-28 CRI S ES COMP OUN D THE CHALLEN GES WOMEN FACE Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Climate change & food security • 10 AFE countries on World Bank fragile • Women’s resilience to climate and other shocks negatively and conflict-affected situations list impacted by their lower asset base and agricultural • FCV intensify existing gender inequalities productivity and gender-specific barriers to certain adaptation and create new ones strategies • Men and boys more exposed to direct • Women face higher morbidity and mortality in natural impacts of conflict disasters and adverse reproductive outcomes linked to • Women more exposed by reduced temperature shocks access to basic services • GBV can be exacerbated by droughts, floods, displacement • Normalization of violence and weakening of institutions provide Other crises: The experience of COVID environment for GBV to thrive • Nearly 11.8 million new cases of internal • Emerging evidence from COVID displacement due to conflict, violence, or • Health: Interrupted supply/demand for reproductive & disasters were recorded in AFE in 2021 maternal care • Displaced women often fare worse • Education: School drop-out and early childbearing than men in terms of access to • Economic participation and productivity: unequal employment, financial inclusion, and household care duties impeded women’s economic intimate partner violence outcomes • GBV: Increased rates of domestic violence and reduced access to services AFE RGAP FY24-28 T H E O P P O R T U N I T Y: INVESTMENT IN GENDER EQUALITY WILL CHANGE THE GAME Peace & Stability Women’s Gender inequality Growth contributes to Investing + participation in in Gender peace processes high income correlates with inequality in AFE Poverty Equality better outcomes + Inequality • Accelerating the demographic transition → 11 to 15 percent GDP growth in Africa by 2030 and 40 to 60 million fewer people in poverty • For each extra year of school, a girl in Africa will earn on average 14% more • Enhancing economic opportunities: closing Ethiopia’s farm and entrepreneurship gaps could unlock $2.2b in GDP • Combating GBV, in addition to being a moral imperative, can erase an economic cost of up to 4% of GDP AFE RGAP FY24-28 A NEW REGIONAL GENDER ACTION PLAN (RGAP) FOR STRONGER WB SUPPORT AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT ENCOURAGING TRENDS • Only a fraction of needs met and many investments • More projects investing in women and girls, including do not target the most at-risk women and girls standalone women empowerment projects (e.g. • Specific reforms supported in DPF could be more EAGER MPA) ambitious and better linked with Investment Project • Stronger results: 22.4 million women and girls Financing (IPFs) accessed improved health, water, and sanitation • Few interventions involve men/boys as critical services in the past decade contributors or barriers to gender equality • Higher awareness of sub-national variations • Cross-country learning and dialogue is still limited, (“hotspots”) and we could use evidence more widely and • Increased collaboration between sectors systematically • More operations addressing social norms • Main system of accountability (gender tag) is at • Ground-breaking knowledge being generated and used project level, impeding country portfolio-wide approach and prioritization • Development Policy Financing (DPF) increasingly gender tagged (25% FY17, 55% FY23) • New RGAP needs greater visibility/ownership to structure a stronger WB engagement at regional and • Increased integration of gender into Country country levels Engagement Products AFE RGAP FY24-28 THIS RGAP IS KEY FOR REGIONAL AND CORPORATE GOALS WB AFRICA STRATEGY: RGAP will support efforts on all strategic priorities: • Creating jobs and transforming economies • Building up the digital economy • Making institutions more efficient and accountable • Investing in people • Supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation • Addressing the drivers of FCV AFR HUMAN CAPITAL PLAN: Emphasis on reducing adolescent fertility and empowering women to move towards a demographic dividend AFE RGAP FY24-28 THIS RGAP IS KEY FOR REGIONAL AND CORPORATE GOALS WBG GENDER STRATEGY 2024-30: RGAP supports implementation across the 3 strategic priorities (GBV & human capital; economic opportunities; leadership) via alignment of themes/frontier issues and selection of PG targets. Specific details of implementation at country level to be laid out by CMUs in each CPF GENDER TAG: Need to increase ambition for impact, with AFE performance improving from 56% (FY17) to 92% (FY23) IDA20: Reproductive and adolescent health, productive economic inclusion, childcare, jobs, digital inclusion, land rights, GBV, gender-responsive fiscal policy and budgets AFE RGAP FY24-28 ALIGNMENT WITH WBG GENDER STRATEGY 2024-2030 3 Strategic Objectives of WBG Gender Overlap with WBG Gender Strategy also reflected Strategy in results frameworks End gender-based violence and elevate human capital • Common indicators shared between Gender Strategy and AFE RGAP regional indicators on: • RGAP: thematic priorities on GBV, education, and sexual and reproductive • Share of women in wage employment health • Financial account ownership Expand and enable economic opportunities • Adolescent fertility rate • Legal reforms addressing GBV • RGAP: thematic priorities on closing earnings and asset gaps • Divergence on education indicator reflects data availability and the specific priorities of the AFE region Engage women as leaders (AFE regional indicator focuses on lower secondary • RGAP: “Frontier Issue” and integrated completion by sex) across Plan at project level (e.g., strengthening women’s leadership in community platforms) and in country RGAP’s frontier issues (norms, digital, policy reforms, engaging men, engagement (e.g., Country Teams leadership) reflect the Gender Strategy's new priorities ensuring engagement of women-led institutions in portfolio design) AFE RGAP FY24-28 ALIGNMENT WITH WBG GENDER STRATEGY 2024-2030 WBG Gender Strategy outlines 3 …the AFE RGAP supports these directions for ‘directions for implementation’… implementation • Strengthening knowledge and data in a way that builds Direction #1: capacity and is directed to serving policies and programs is integral to RGAP implementation model Knowledge, capacity, and (see slide “From gender data to analysis, evidence, and partnerships programs”) • AFE benefits from the largest of the regional GILs Direction #2: whose operational model is built around testing, adapting, and scaling innovations for impact Deploy the drivers of change • The RGAP includes a focus on integrating gender into (Innovation, financing, core analytics, including those that can motivate greater collective action) financing of gender priorities • The RGAP reflects the country-driven approach to Direction #3: accountability advocated by the Gender Strategy, including via the use of country strategies (CPFs) as Strengthen accountability for core channel for vision/accountability on gender gender equality outcomes AFE RGAP FY24-28 I. THEMATIC PRIORITIES IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE & 1 CLOSE EARNINGS GAPS 4 SEXUAL HEALTH ADDRESS IMPACTS AND 2 CLOSE ASSET GAPS 5 LOWER RATES OF GBV • Based on data and evidence on size and impact of gaps • Consistent with WB comparative advantage and corporate priorities 3 CLOSE EDUCATION GAPS • Refined and validated through consultations • Leaving space for country-specific strategies • Framed as outcomes under which multiple Bank teams contribute 1 CLOSE EARNINGS GAPS THE CHALLENGE: • Entrepreneurship: profit gender gaps of 31% in Malawi, 49% in DRC, sales gap of 79% in Ethiopia • Agriculture: yield gaps (by farm manager) of 13% in Uganda, 25% in Malawi, 36% in Ethiopia (+ post-production gaps) • Wage work: Gaps of 20% in Zambia, 44% in Ethiopia, 77% in DRC • Focus on wage work will gain in importance as the region makes progress towards structural transformation • 3 groups of constraints drive these gaps: • Endowments: land, labor, finance/assets, skills, networks • Context: laws, norms, risk of GBV • Household: intra-household allocation of resources/time • Relative importance of each constraint varies by employment type AFE RGAP FY24-28 1 CLOSE EARNINGS GAPS WB APPROACH: • Ownership and control over assets and productive inputs: incentives for households to include women on land titles; financial products with little or no collateral requirements • Skills and education: making TVET learning environments more women-friendly; non-cognitive skills training; ensure women’s representation as service delivery agents • Information: providing information on higher earnings in male-dominated sectors; role models for women in leadership and higher paying jobs; mobile phones for market information • Domestic work burden: childcare provision; household access to energy; safe transport to connect women to jobs and markets AFE RGAP FY24-28 2 CLOSE ASSET GAPS THE CHALLENGE: • Gaps in land, financial accounts, credit, and equity • Underpinned by gaps in endowments (financial literacy, collateral), context (norms, GBV), and household allocation of resources (women’s revenues diverted to competing needs) • Some illustrative statistics: • Women have half the chance of owning land alone as men (11% vs 22%) • Women’s security of tenure lower and less documented (Malawi: 2% women, 5% men have title deeds) • 29% women have account at financial institution versus 37% of men though there is a smaller gender gap and increasing absolute access to mobile money (24% vs 28%) • Loan volumes of women SMSEs lower (40% the volume of men’s average loan in DRC) • Start-ups with all female ownership less likely to attract investor funding AFE RGAP FY24-28 2 CLOSE ASSET GAPS WB APPROACH: Interventions supporting women’s secure land access, control, use • Nudges to encourage registration of land in name of female partners/spouses (economic incentives; information; compulsory joint registration of spouses) • Formalization of customary land • Sensitization to increase awareness of women’s legal rights Interventions supporting women’s access to finance • Financial products with little or no collateral and of higher volumes (‘missing middle’) for growth-oriented women • Expansion of mobile money and other digital financial services • Address perceived risk of lending to women businesses • Training on hard/soft skills (financial literacy, confidence) linked to accessing equity investment/credit • Offering collateral alternatives for credit • Engaging stakeholders to shift social norms around empowered women • Build resilience to shocks (e.g. climate, conflict shocks) AFE RGAP FY24-28 3 CLOSE EDUCATION GAPS THE CHALLENGE: AFE Gender Parity Index for primary, secondary enrollment close to parity but hides variation between/within countries: • Primary: Fragile countries have primary enrollment gaps that disadvantage girls (South Sudan at 71%) • Secondary: Fragile countries have wider gaps disadvantaging girls while LMICs/UMICs show disadvantage for boys (Lesotho at 135%, Burundi 121%, STP 116%, Rwanda 113%, Botswana 111%) • Gender gaps wider in rural than urban areas regardless of whether they disadvantage girls or boys: e.g., Angola (89% for rural, 62% for urban), Lesotho (113%, 165%) Male disadvantage at secondary level as common as female disadvantage but girls and boys face different barriers AFE RGAP FY24-28 3 CLOSE EDUCATION GAPS WB APPROACH: Short-term interventions: • Construct schools to minimize distance to school, reduce GBV in and on the way to school • Improve safe transport connectivity to schools • Reduce cost of education through cash transfers, scholarships for girls • Support social change strategies to foster positive attitudes toward girls’ education and safe school initiatives • Increase access to childcare so girls can remain in school rather than care for siblings/own children Medium-term systemic changes: • Expand access to secondary education in underserved areas by reducing barriers and/or providing incentives • Attract, train and develop female teachers, especially in STEM through incentives and leadership opportunities Conduct analytical work and operational learning around boys' disadvantage AFE RGAP FY24-28 IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE 4 & SEXUAL HEALTH THE CHALLENGE: Early pregnancy and poor health limit women's and girls' opportunities: • Child marriage and adolescent fertility is high: 32% of girls report being married by age 18; 97 births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (compared to 43 globally) • All AFE country income groups underperforming on MMR: AFE LIC vs Global LIC (460 v 453); LMIC (369 v 253); UMIC (130 v 41) • More than 20 million people living with HIV (women/girls represent 60% of infections) REDUCING FERTILITY RATES AND IMPROVING HEALTH OUTCOMES IS CRITICAL TO THE DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND AND INCLUSIVE GROWTH: • High fertility puts efforts to improve human capital and accelerate growth at risk • Large numbers of children associated with lower household/public investment in human capital AFE RGAP FY24-28 IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE 4 & SEXUAL HEALTH WB APPROACH: Multisector interventions to spark the demographic transition: • 4Es approach shows importance of multisector effort including health, nutrition, education, agency and economic empowerment • Potential for transformational impacts on next generation. Interventions to increase supply/demand for SRH services: • Integrating SRH interventions into health benefit packages, PHC reforms (P4R operations in Mozambique, Ethiopia, IPF operations in Uganda, DRC) • Support supply chain reforms and inputs to ensure women and girls can access critical health products • Improving transport connectivity to services also critical • Without a focus on SRH the potential benefits of other longer-term investments in skills development, jobs and savings will be reduced AFE RGAP FY24-28 ADDRESS IMPACTS AND 5 LOWER RATES OF GBV THE CHALLENGE: • GBV pervasive: 42% of women have experienced physical, sexual or emotional IPV • Acceptance of violence high: 62% of women in Burundi and 45% in Zambia justify wife-beating • Other harmful practices persist: 99% of women in Somalia and 89% in Sudan experienced FGM/C; 40% of women in Ethiopia are married before 18 • GBV worsens in context of conflict and other crises (10 AFE countries on FCS list) • WB-financed operations can contribute to risks • Socio-economic impacts severe: Physical and psychological harm to individuals and communities; economic costs also high (estimated cost of 2-4% of GDP) AFE RGAP FY24-28 ADDRESS IMPACTS AND 5 LOWER RATES OF GBV WB APPROACH: Addressing GBV as a development challenge: • Strengthening multi-sectoral response services • Prevention via evidence-based interventions including integration into sector work (e.g., safer schools initiatives, WASH programming to reduce distance to water points) • Strengthening institutional capacity, policy/legal framework • Standalone or project components GBV (SEA/SH) Risk Management: • Enhanced risk assessment and management at project level (see Good Practice Notes for Civil Works/HD operations) • Portfolio-level approaches (SEA/SH risk portfolio reviews in Malawi, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia) Knowledge, Learning and Innovation: • WB/SVRI Development Marketplace for Prevention GBV • Gender Innovation Lab impact evaluations/qualitative research • Exploration of cutting-edge themes: intersection of VAW and VAC, parenting programming, climate change and GBV • Leverage SSI Gender Platforms for knowledge sharing and partnership building (e.g., with service providers, GBV experts). AFE RGAP FY24-28 II. FRONTIER ISSUES COUNTERPRODUCTIVE A SOCIAL NORMS D DIGITAL GENDER GAPS B ENGAGING MEN AND BOYS E WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP INEQUITABLE LAWS AND C REGULATIONS HOW WERE FRONTIER ISSUES IDENTIFIED? SAME FILTERS AS FOR THEMATIC PRIORITIES: BUT FRONTIER ISSUES DIFFER • Based on data and evidence on size and impact of gaps FROM THEMATIC PRIORITIES: • Consistent with WB comparative advantage and corporate priorities • We know they are important in terms • Validated through consultations of impact on gender gaps • Leaving space for country-specific strategies • But we have less systematic evidence on how to address them in operations • Individual examples of success rather than classes of intervention • Rather than being outcomes, the frontier issues are instruments that can deliver success on the outcomes associated with each thematic priority. They can do this partly by amplifying women’s voice in society. AFE RGAP FY24-28 COUNTERPRODUCTIVE A SOCIAL NORMS RESTRICTIVE SOCIAL NORMS • Acceptance of violence, child marriage and FGM/C. • Exclusion from household decision making. • Beliefs that domestic work is women’s work. • Discriminatory customs, laws and practice on inheritance, family or property. MULTIPLE IMPACTS ON WOMEN’S WELLBEING AND OPPORTUNITIES • Adverse effects on health, education, and overall development of adolescents and youth • Influence on women’s access to assets, participation and roles in the labor force • Gaps in use of and returns to capital, technology/know how, and labor AFE RGAP FY24-28 COUNTERPRODUCTIVE A SOCIAL NORMS WB APPROACH: DRC GBV Prevention and Response Project Angola Girls Empowerment and Learning for All integrates prevention and gender-transformative project includes activities to strengthen the interventions to address norms that undermine information for girls, boys, parents, community women’s empowerment and perpetuate violence. leaders to boost uptake of SRH services. Sustainable Energy and Broadband Access in Harnessing the Demographic Dividend Project in Rural Mozambique Project includes interventions to Mozambique addresses social norms and information train male gender champions and ensure women’s constraints to empower adolescent girls through school participation in decision-making committees on and community engagement. energy/broadband solutions. AFE RGAP FY24-28 B ENGAGING MEN AND BOYS Proportion of men who report feeling THE CHALLENGE: stressed or depressed because of not having enough work or income. Restrictive and inequitable views of men and women persist • Household power is unequal and contested • Household division of labor is inequitable • Men exert power/control over women through violence • Younger men not necessarily more gender equitable than older men • But: Norms can change Gendered social norms also negatively impact men and boys • Men’s health and well-being negatively impacted by inequitable gender norms • Rigid notions of men as ‘providers’ and ‘protectors’ significant source of stress Source: IMAGES 2022 AFE RGAP FY24-28 B ENGAGING MEN AND BOYS WB APPROACH: Engaging men and boys as partners and promoters for more equitable families and societies; explicit intention to change norms, shift opportunities, and build resources and agency for women and girls • Engaging Men through Accountable Practice (EMAP) Program embedded in DRC GBV Prevention and Response Project Engaging men and boys as beneficiaries who gain from more equitable norms and relationships • GIL-evaluated Bandebereho couples’ intervention in Rwanda Evidence indicates effectiveness of gender norm transformative approaches, as well as gender synchronized programming targeting both men and women in single or mixed groups AFE RGAP FY24-28 INEQUITABLE LAWS AND C REGULATIONS AFE countries have made significant progress Women, Business and the Law (2023) shows that despite • Wide variation but in general legal protections AFE higher than in AFW countries progress women across AFE have only achieved 74% gender equality • Notable areas of progress: protection from GBV, access to bank accounts and credit, labor in legal protections critical to entrepreneurship and employment. participation of women • But reform agenda remains vast and implementation and enforcement are often lacking WB increasingly addressing gender with DPOs • Madagascar DPF: Prior Action supporting first comprehensive legislation against domestic violence, with criminal penalties • Sao Tome and Principe DPO: PA supporting regulations to address SEA/SH in schools and sexual/reproductive health curriculum. Moving to a proactive, strategic approach • Identify reform opportunities upstream (CEPs, core diagnostics) • Improved data, analytics to strengthen policy dialogue • Stronger partnerships (champions and development partners) • Complementary investments accompanying DPOs • Use COVID recovery to advance these reforms AFE RGAP FY24-28 D DIGITAL GENDER GAPS THE CHALLENGE: Gaps in access to digital tools and skills to use them • Data limited but suggest gaps in use and nature of use • 34% women (41% men) report having made/received digital payment in past year • Kenya: 10% women (22% men) used mobile to get info on products/services • Data on skills gaps even more limited • Basic skills: only Zimbabwe has sex-disaggregated data on all 8 digital skills monitored by ITU • Higher level skills: women make up only ~ 30% of tertiary ICT graduates in AFE countries with data. • Multiple factors hinder women’s access to/use of digital tools: affordability, literacy, digital literacy, ID requirements, risk of online abuse, and lack of content/applications/services targeting women. • Kenya: 40% women/men report affordability as top barrier to mobile use • Ethiopia/Mozambique: 20pp/14 pp gender gap in ID • Uganda: 45% of women (8% men) experienced online harassment, bullying or stalking AFE RGAP FY24-28 D DIGITAL GENDER GAPS THE CHALLENGE: The gender digital divide matters • Digital skills and tools increasingly essential to access services (health, education, financial). Especially critical in context of poor transport infrastructure, high GBV rates, and childcare burden. • Access to digital platforms critical to economic agency: counters women’s weaker access to information/networks • Women’s low digital skills cuts them off from emerging employment opportunities in tech sector • Risks of abuse and violence for women and girls on digital platforms AFE RGAP FY24-28 D DIGITAL GENDER GAPS WB APPROACH: Building basic and advanced digital skills Infrastructure to support affordable internet tailored to women’s needs and interests access: innovative pricing models and subsidies for women’s access to devices; coverage in Supporting digitally enabled firms with funding, remote areas; public access centers that are safe networks/market access, and skills tailored to women and accessible to women ICT policies that integrate a gender lens with sex Increasing access to digital finance and putting disaggregated targets, use of gender champions, in place Africa-wide payment infrastructure and opening of procurement opportunities to women owned firms Building evidence on country level gaps and Improving accessibility of products and services on what works to close these, including by (including government services) through digital ID piloting approaches to digital skills building AFE RGAP FY24-28 E WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP THE CHALLENGE: Gender gaps in leadership Women in AFE exercise leadership roles at lower levels than men across all domains of society • Only 26% of Parliamentarians across Africa are female • 15% of firms in Mozambique have a female top manager • Across 23 countries in Africa, 2/5 of women report that their husband solely makes decisions about major household purchases AFE RGAP FY24-28 E WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP WB APPROACH: • Strengthen women’s roles in community platforms and service delivery governance structures • Expand women’s business leadership in the private sector • Boost the decision-making power of women within their households • Leverage the contributions of women leaders for stronger climate action • Engage women-led organizations in WB country strategies • Test approaches to address norms and bias barriers to women’s leadership • Expand the data and evidence on solutions to advance women’s leadership AFE RGAP FY24-28 = Thematic Priorities = Frontier Priorities POSITIVE SPILLOVERS: PROGRESS IN EACH THEME SUPPORTS PROGRESS IN OTHERS • Staying in school delays childbearing; enabling women to delay childbearing helps them stay in school • Child marriage is a form of GBV and underpins high early childbearing and high fertility • Education level is positively correlated with earnings; while higher earnings increase the returns to investing in education • Earnings empower women to enjoy more equal and less abusive relationships; GBV can discourage women’s labor force participation • Delaying childbearing improves earnings trajectories; higher earnings increase opportunity cost of women’s time • GBV in schools may prevent access/learning AFE RGAP FY24-28 AFE RGAP REGIONAL INDICATORS In addition to internal targets at country and practice group level, overall progress in the region will be monitored via 5 indicators covering each thematic priority Thematic Priority Indicator Availability Baseline (Latest Available Data) Close Earnings Gaps Wage employment rate (by sex)* WDI Female: Male: 19.9% 31.6% Close Asset Gaps Adults with a financial account (by sex)* WBG CSC, IDA Female: Male: RMS, SDG 44.7% 52.4% Close Education Gaps Lower secondary completion, by sex WBG CSC, SDG Female: Male: 43.5% 45.6% Improve Sexual and Adolescent fertility rate* IDA RMS, SDG 96.2 births per 1,000 women Reproductive Health ages 15-19 Address Impacts and Lower Countries enacting legal changes to WBL 16 / 26 countries Rates of GBV respond to GBV against women and girls in the home and in the workplace* *WBG 2024-2030 Gender Strategy Indicator AFE RGAP FY24-28 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The AFE RGAP was prepared by a core multi-GP team headed by Markus Goldstein and Michael O’Sullivan and composed of Amy Geist, Daniel Kirkwood, Miriam Muller, Verena Phipps and Jozefien Van Damme. The substance of the RGAP was developed following consultations with management and staff in the WB’s EFI, HD, INFRA and SD Practice Groups and in all the Country Management Units in the region. We thank everyone who participated in these consultations for their time and their valuable inputs.