2 10 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP) April-18 1 Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Background1 .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Socio-economic profile (baseline) ................................................................................................................................... 13 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. 21 1.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................... 21 1.2 Scope of Environmental and Social Management Plan ................................................................................. 25 1.3 Justification and Need of the Sub-project ...................................................................................................... 26 1.4 ESMP Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 26 1.5 Data Collection .............................................................................................................................................. 27 1.6 Environmental and Social Baseline Sampling ............................................................................................... 27 1.7 Objectives of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ............................................................. 28 1.8 Study Team ................................................................................................................................................... 29 2 Regulatory and Policy Reviews .................................................................................................................................. 30 2.1 Applicable World Bank Operational Policies .................................................................................................. 30 2.2 National and Provincial Legislative Framework ............................................................................................. 31 2.3 International Treaties ..................................................................................................................................... 40 3 Description of the Sub-project .................................................................................................................................... 43 3.1 Engineering Activities/Interventions ............................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Operational Phase Activities .......................................................................................................................... 43 3.3 Establishment of Contractor Camps .............................................................................................................. 52 4 Environmental Baseline .............................................................................................................................................. 58 4.1 Physical Environment .................................................................................................................................... 58 4.2 Biological Environment .................................................................................................................................. 64 4.3 Fauna ............................................................................................................................................................ 67 5 Socio-Economic Baseline ........................................................................................................................................... 75 5.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................... 75 5.2 Language ...................................................................................................................................................... 75 5.3 Education Facilities........................................................................................................................................ 75 5.4 Health Facilities ............................................................................................................................................. 75 5.5 Water Supply and Sanitation ......................................................................................................................... 76 5.6 Communication ............................................................................................................................................. 76 5.7 Means of Transport ....................................................................................................................................... 76 5.8 Social Conflicts .............................................................................................................................................. 76 5.9 Household Information .................................................................................................................................. 76 5.10 Money Lending .............................................................................................................................................. 79 5.11 Common Needs to Visit Nearest City ............................................................................................................ 79 5.12 Livestock ....................................................................................................................................................... 79 5.13 Agricultural Tools and Farm Machinery ......................................................................................................... 80 5.14 Commonly Used Agriculture Inputs ............................................................................................................... 80 5.15 Seasonal Earnings from Crops ...................................................................................................................... 80 5.16 Agricultural land holding and cropping pattern............................................................................................... 81 5.17 Anticipated Losses due to the Sub-project .................................................................................................... 81 5.18 Housing ......................................................................................................................................................... 81 5.19 Land ownership ............................................................................................................................................. 82 5.20 Community Based Organization (CBOs) and NGOs ..................................................................................... 82 5.21 Customary Institutions ................................................................................................................................... 82 2 5.22 Local Government and Administration........................................................................................................... 82 5.23 Law and Order Situation ................................................................................................................................ 83 5.24 Community Cultural Properties ...................................................................................................................... 83 5.25 Community Awareness about Sub-project Works ......................................................................................... 83 5.26 Community Demands .................................................................................................................................... 83 6 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures ..................................................................................... 84 6.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 84 6.2 Environmental Impacts .................................................................................................................................. 85 6.3 Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ....................................................................................... 99 7 Community and Stakeholders Consultation .............................................................................................................. 106 7.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................... 106 7.2 Methodology for consultations ..................................................................................................................... 106 7.3 Verification of Land Record and Ownerships............................................................................................... 107 7.4 Formation of Farmers Organization ............................................................................................................. 107 7.5 Summary of Discussions ............................................................................................................................. 107 7.6 Summary of Findings of Consultation with Farmers .................................................................................... 109 7.7 Consultation with Women Community ......................................................................................................... 109 7.8 Women Development Groups ..................................................................................................................... 109 7.9 Findings of Women Consultations and Priority Needs ................................................................................. 109 7.10 Consultations with District Administration Sibi ............................................................................................. 110 8 Institutional and Implementation Arrangements ....................................................................................................... 111 8.1 The Contractor ............................................................................................................................................ 111 9 Environmental & Social Management & Mitigation ................................................................................................... 114 9.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................... 114 9.2 Monitoring Mechanism ................................................................................................................................ 115 9.3 Aims of Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................... 115 9.4 Non-compliance’s and Corrective Measures ............................................................................................... 115 9.5 Communication, Reporting and Documentation .......................................................................................... 116 9.6 Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan............................................................................................................ 119 10 Grievance Redress Mechanism ........................................................................................................................... 143 10.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................... 143 10.2 Objectives of Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................................................................................. 144 10.3 Principles, Procedures and Timelines.......................................................................................................... 144 10.4 Grievance Recording and Redress Monitoring ............................................................................................ 145 10.5 Dissemination .............................................................................................................................................. 145 10.6 Proposed Mechanism for Grievance Redress under BIWRMDP ................................................................. 145 10.7 Public Complaints Centre ............................................................................................................................ 146 10.8 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) ........................................................................................................ 146 10.9 Role and Responsibilities of PCC ................................................................................................................ 146 10.10 GRM Steps and Timeframe .................................................................................................................... 147 10.11 Nominations of Focal Persons at Community Level following the GRM .................................................. 147 11 ESMP Budget ...................................................................................................................................................... 149 12 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..150 Appendix A. Format of Monthly Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 152 Appendix B. Study Team ........................................................................................................................................ 154 Appendix C. Environmental Code of ....................................................................................................................... 157 Appendix D. VLD Record (Bhakra Ghulam ............................................................................................................. 166 Appendix E. List of Participants from ...................................................................................................................... 171 Appendix F. Monthly Monitoring Checklist .............................................................................................................. 179 3 List of Tables Table 2.1: Assessment of Applicable World Bank Operational Policies 30 Table 2.2: National and Provincial Legislative Framework 34 Table 2.3: International Treaties 40 Table 3.1:Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project Activities 44 Table 3.2: Land Required from Farmers of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 45 Table 3.3:Sub-Project Activities and Construction Schedule 49 Table 3.4: Machinery and Tools / Equipment Required for Earthworks and Civil Works 50 Table 3.5: Proposed Locations of Sub-camps 51 Table 3.6: labor Camp Best Practices Guidelines 52 Table 3.7: Waste Management collection and disposal Techniques 54 Table 4.1: Distribution of Water Nari Canal System 56 Table 4.2: Ground Water Quality Sample Results 57 Table 4.3: Surface Water Quality Results 58 Table 4.4: Ambient Air Quality 59 Table 4.5: Noise Levels 61 Table 4.7: Average Temperature and Humidity Level 61 Table 4.8: The peak inflows Floods 63 Table 4.9: Details of Forest 66 Table 4.10: List of Mammals 68 Table 4.11: List of Avi-Fauna 70 Table 4.12: List of Key Avi-Fauna Species 73 Table 4.13: List of Reptiles and Amphibian 73 Table 4.14: List of Key Reptiles and Amphibians 74 Table 5.1: Educational Facilities 75 Table 5.2: Health Facilities 76 Table 5.3: Number of Household and Total Population 76 Table 5.8: Marriages 78 Table 5.9: Purposes of Visit to Nearest City 79 Table 5.10: Average No& Type of Livestock Ownership 79 Table 5.11: Average cost of Livestock 79 Table 5.12: Type of Agriculture Tools and Farm Machinery 80 Table 5.13: Estimated Expenses per Year per Acre 80 Table 5.14: Average Seasonal Earnings per acre 80 Table 5.15: Anticipate Losses due to the Sub-project 81 Table 5.16: Ownership of Rooms 81 Table 5.17: Type of Houses 82 Table 5.18: Residential Plot Size 82 Table 6.1: Impact Characterization-Air Quality 85 Table 6.2: Potential for Dust Emissions by Works Activity 87 Table 6.3: Impact Characterization-Dust Generation 88 Table 6.4: Activities and Potential Impact 88 Table 6.5: Impact Characterization- Health and Safety 89 Table 6.6: IFC guidelines on OHS 90 Table 6.7: Noise Levels of Equipment/Machinery 92 Table 6.8: -Impact Characterization- Noise and Vibration 92 Table 6.9: Impact Characterization- Improved Irrigation 93 Table 6.10: Branch wise number 94 Table 6.11: Impact Characterization-Loss of Vegetation and Trees 94 Table 6.12: Surface Water Quality Results 96 Table 6.13: Impact Characterization-Surface and Ground Water Pollution 96 Table 6.14: Impact Characterization-Fauna 97 Table 6.15: Impact Characterization-Impediment to Community Movement 99 4 Table 6.16: Impact Characterization and Induced Economic Development 100 Table 6.17: Land Donation at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 100 Table 6.18: Impact Characterization- Labor Influx 102 Table 6.19: Impact Characterization- Community Health and Safety 102 Table 6.20: Impact Characterization-Community Mobility 103 Table 7.1: Location and Date of Consultative meeting 107 Table 7.2: Summary of Key Discussions 108 Table 7.3: Date and Location of Consultation with Women Community 109 Table 9.1: Distribution of Periodic Reports 117 Table 9.2: Trainings Subjects for inclusion in Contractor Training Plan 117 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan 121 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan 138 Table 10.1: Member of GRM Committees (Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel) 147 Table 11.1: ESMP Implementation Cost Estimates. 149 List of Figures Figure 1.1:Map of Nari River Basin 24 Figure 1.2:Location Map of Sub-Project Channels 25 Figure 3.1:Canal Prism 46 Figure 3.2: Typical Plan and Section of Super Passage 46 Figure 3.3: Plan and Profile Image of Luni Channel 47 Figure 3.4:Plan and Profile Image of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 48 Figure 3.5: Work Plan for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) 49 Figure 3.6: Vegetation Cover along the Luni channel 49 Figure 3.7: Another view of vegetation cover along the 49 Figure 3.8: Proposed Sub-Camp Locations 52 Figure 4.1:Distribution of Water Nari System 57 Figure 4.2:Sibi Branch Channel 57 Figure 4.3: Ambient Air Monitoring Locations 60 Figure 4.4:Spate Irrigation System (Bori and Arand) 63 Figure 4.5: Location map of archaeological and cultural heritage site 64 Figure 4.6:Dense vegetation cover along the Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel 65 Figure 4.7:Different type of vegetation in the sub-project area 65 Figure 4.8: Notified Forest by Forest Department in Sibi City, GoB 67 Figure 4.9:Deer Breeding Facility 68 Figure 6.1:Minimum Generator Stack Height and Clearance 86 Figure 10.1: Key Steps in Grievance Redress Mechanism 144 5 Abbreviations and Acronyms BCM Billion Cubic Meters NSDWQ National Standards for Drinking Water Quality IUCN International Union for conservation of nature BWPPCM Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014. BEPA Balochistan Environmental Protection Agency CCA Culturable Command Area CoI Corridor of Impact GoB Government of Balochistan GCA Gross Command Area FO Farmers Organizations ESS Environmental Safeguard Specialist EPA Environmental Protection Agency EMU Environmental Management Unit ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan EIA Environmental Impact Assessment dB Decibel Cusec Cubic feet per second EA Environmental Assessment HSE Health, Safety & Environment IEE Initial Environment Examination IP Inspection path NIP Non-Inspection Path M&E C Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants MAF Million-acre feet NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NGO Non-Governmental Organizations O&M Operation and Maintenance OFWM On-Farm Water Management OP Operating Procedure P&D Planning & Development PAD Project Appraisal Document PAP Project Affected Person(s) PD Project Director PMU Project Management Unit PPE Personal Protective Equipment PSIA Project Supervision and Implementation Consultants RD Reduce Distance 6 RoW Right of Way SOP Standard Operation Procedures SSESMP Site Specific Environment and Social Management Plan VR Village Road VRB Village Road Bridge WB World Bank SW Surface Water GW Ground Water CIFO Community irrigation farmer organization FO Farmers Organization WDG Women Development Group 7 Executive Summary Background1 Balochistan faces an acute water scarcity problem and compared to Pakistan’s other provinces is most at risk from climate change and least able to address and manage water-related development challenges. Floodwater generated by intense but scare and irregular rainfall is the largest usable water resource in Balochistan. Extended droughts and destructive flash floods are commonplace, and are expected to get worse with future climate change. Rainwater is harnessed for irregular spate (or flood) irrigation. Spate irrigation in the province, however, is generally poorly managed and reliant on poor infrastructure, making it both relatively inefficient and unproductive. Given the unreliability of surface water and the limited infrastructure, groundwater is a critical resource. Groundwater is a small fraction of the overall water resource, but its comparative reliability means it is in high demand. Groundwater is significantly over-extracted and this has led to major declines in groundwater levels in many parts of the province. Given the low frequency of rainfall events, groundwater recharge is limited. Due to governance challenges and a lack of investment, the province continues to remain highly dependent on agriculture (60% of provincial GDP and 67% of labor) despite the availability of considerable mineral and energy resources. Economic growth has been largely driven by the expansion of tube-well irrigation for high-value agriculture, especially horticulture with key agricultural products, including wheat, apples, grapes, vegetables, barley, milk and meat. The people most vulnerable to water scarcity in Balochistan are the rural poor, especially women and children. Many rural communities lack a secure water (including drinking water) supplies and adequate sanitation. This has major impacts on health and human development. Water is critical to the irrigation that underpins food security in semi-arid Balochistan. Most of the rural poor in Balochistan depend on unreliable surface water irrigation (either spate irrigation or rainfall harvesting), or livestock-based production across the extensive but relatively unproductive rangelands of the province. In the current context, improving rural livelihoods and stimulating economic growth require vastly improved management of the scarce water resources of the province. Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP) The Government of Balochistan (GoB) has decided to adopt an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach, among others, to strengthen capacity for water resource monitoring and management and to improve community based water management for all related sectors such as, irrigation, agriculture, forest, health, environment, livestock etc. The GoB has received financial support from the World Bank for the Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP). The Irrigation Department has started the transformation of water resources management in the province to an integrated multi-sector river basin planning and development approach. With the launch of the BIWRMDP, the GoB intends to lay the foundation for a gradual transition to IWRM with targeted investments to support 1 Project Appraisal Document (PAD) BIWRMDP, pp. 2-3 10 implementation of IWRM approaches within a framework of community mobilization and participation in the Nari basin. Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme The Nari Gorge Integrated scheme includes a perennial canal irrigation system with six branch channels - Luni, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal and Marghazani - and two (Arand and Bori) small-scale spate irrigation systems, as shown in Figure 1.2. Environment and Social Management Plan (ESMP) The sub-project site specific ESMP for the irrigation, civil works on Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme is being prepared in two phases. In phase one, this site specific ESMP has been prepared and will be implemented for the civil works to be carried out on two channels, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni. In phase two, an ESMP for works on the remaining channels and spate irrigation systems will be submitted. The ESMP has been completed in accordance with provincial and national legislation, and the World Bank’s Operational Policies (OPs). Proposed Civil Works The civil works proposed at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak include:  Construction of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel and Branches;  Construction of Water Distribution Structure;  Pipe Culverts;  Time Diversion Structures;  Construction of Outlets; and  Construction of Spur. The civil work proposed at Luni Channel include:  Construction of PCC Channel;  Construction of Distribution Structure;  Construction of Road Culverts;  Construction Aqueduct;  Construction of Time Diversion Structure; and  Construction of Naka/Outlets. Associated works at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels will also include the construction of temporary contractors’ camps, clearance of vegetation covers along the channels, and cutting of trees from the footprint (RoW) of the proposed works. The contractors’ main camp will be located at the Sibi by-pass, and further two sub-camps will be constructed in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Channels, as provided in Section 3.3. These camps will house batching plants, generators for power supply, workshops, office rooms, residential quarters, material storage (i.e. fuel and other hazardous materials), sanitation and welfare facilities, medical facilities, sewage and waste disposal systems, and parking for vehicles. All camps will be removed following the completion of civil works. 11 Environmental Baseline The ambient air quality pollutant testing was carried at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Channels. The pollutants monitored are particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen oxides (NO), total suspended particulate (TSP), sulphur dioxide (SO2), cordon dioxide (CO), lead (PB), nitric oxides (NO 2,). The tested pollutants were compared with the NEQs and World Bank standards and were found below the permissible limits. Which reflects that ambient air quality of these two channels is generally very good. The recorded levels were associated with vehicular traffic was found where roads pass nearby to these channels. The baseline details of ambient air quality are provided in Section 4.1.3. In total, 08 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels (04 SW & 04 GW samples from each channel). These samples were examined for physical, biological and chemical parameters and were compared with the NEQs and World Bank standards. It is evaluated that total coliform, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, mercury, potassium, nitrite, iron, ammonia levels were found high in all samples collected from these channels. The water quality results are further discussed in section 4.1.2. During ambient air monitoring, noise level testing was also conducted to the nearby locations. The average noise levels Sibi city, near Luni channel, and in Nari Gorge weir were found 43.7, 39.4 and 41.1 respectively. Which are below the permissible limit of NEQs and World Bank standards. Beyond the right of way (RoW) variety of tree species exists along the luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels. It includes;Acacia nilotica (Babul), Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham), Zizyphus nummularia (Ber), Tamarix aphylla (Farash), Albizzia lebbek (Black Siris), Albizzia procera (White Siris), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Eucalyptus sp.The different type of vegetation cover recorded during the walk through survey is: Alernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, Euphorbia caducifolia (Thuar), Cordial rothii (Liar), H. curassavieum, H. europeum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica , T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk). In addition, in a different zone (foothills, river areas, mountains, plains) are also covered with a variety of vegetation such as; Prosopis cineraria (Kandi), Salvadora oleoides (Peelu), Zizyphus mauritiana (Ber), and Calotropis procera (Aak), shrubs like Tamarix troupii, Suaeda fruiticosa, and Capparis decidua Saccharum munja, Typha angustifolia and Panicum antidotale. There are seven (07) ‘notified’ forests in the Nari Gorge area. All these forests exist outside the corridor of impact and engineering interventions, and include; Nari Bank, Bakhara, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehpal, Abdullah Kheli, and Thali. The area of all these forests is measured to be 8,920 hectares. The presence of a wide range of fauna was identified to exist, or have a reasonable potential to exist, within the sub-project area through ecological study. The faunal species within the sub- project area are considered as key species within this study where they meet any one of the following criteria:  Listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List;  Protected in Balochistan Wildlife Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management Act, 2014 (BWPPCM Act, 2014). 12 Of this fauna, many key mammal species identified were Chinkara Gazella (Gazella bennettii), Jungle Cat (Felis chaus), Desert Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), and Indian/Bengal Fox (Vulpes bengalensis). All these species are protected under BWPPCM Act, 2014. The avi-fauna protected by BWPPCM Act 2014 identified are Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii), Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus), Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila change), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Great white egret (Casmerodius alba), Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus), Common starling (sturnus vulgaris), Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Indian grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerian). Simultaneously. Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii) are vulnerable; and Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia) is Near Threatened in IUCN red list. The Key reptiles and amphibians protected by BWPPCM Act 2014 are Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii) and Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis). While Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii) is also declared vulnerable in IUCN red list. Socio-economic profile (baseline) Luni and Ghulam Bakhra Bolak village profiles Language: Sindhi and Balochi are the primary languages of communication on the Luni channel while communities living on Bakhra Ghulam Bolak only speak Balochi. Urdu is used as a second language of communication on both channels. Societal institutions: The tribal system prevails in both villages and is the established and preferred mechanism, in comparison to state systems, for dispute resolution and grievance redress. Residents of Luni belong to the Sardar Khel and Luni tribes while those of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village belong to the Rind tribe. Government institutions: Elected local government representatives (operating under the Balochistan Local Government Act 2013) are responsible for development works at the union (village) and district levels respectively. At the village level, elected representatives, including the union council chairman and additional councillors are responsible for union council level development activities. At the district council level, development works are the responsibility of the district council led by the chairman. The district level bureaucracy consists of the Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner, Additional Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner, officer’s in- charge of line departments, and revenue officials. State of law and order: Law and order in Sibi district and the two sub-project channels are under the control of the district administration and law enforcement agencies (police and levies etc.). The security situation is normal. Education: There is one primary, one middle and one high school for boys in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village, and one high school for boys in Luni Village. There are two primary schools for girls in the Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village, and one primary and one high school facility for girls in Luni Village. Health: There is one regional health center at the Luni village while Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village has one basic health unit. The health facilities in both these villages suffer due to lack of equipment and medical supplies, and availability of medical personnel (lady doctor, etc) and can only provide minor health care to patients. In case of emergency and serious health care needs patients have 13 to be transported to the district headquarter hospital in Sibi or then to Quetta (3-4 hours driving distance). Water supply and sanitation: While water supply systems are available and functioning in both villages, the condition of the water supply schemes is poor and needs to be improved. Villagers often use and prefer groundwater sources for drinking and domestic purposes. There is no sewerage and sanitation system in both villages. Transport and Roads: Both villages are 10-15 km from the Sibi City (district headquarter). Roads connecting the two villages to Sibi are motorable but in poor condition. There is no government operated transport system. Instead, private transporters operate mini buses, Qinchi rickshaws, and pickups to and from Sibi city. Many individuals own motorbikes and prefer to use this instead of the public transport. Private bus companies operate buses from Sibi to major cities including Quetta and Sukkur (in Sindh). Cultural/community sites and properties: There is one graveyard and mosque in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village. There are two mosques, one graveyard, and a community hall in Luni village. These cultural properties do not fall in the channel alignment area or Right of Way (RoW) and will not be disturbed by the proposed civil works. Community organizations: Two NGOs are working in Sibi district: Balochistan Rural Support Program (BRSP) working on malaria control program, and Saiban works on overall health issues. Awareness about the project: The communities of both villages were provided information about the implementation schedule and proposed sub-project works to be carried out under the Project. This awareness was provided by the project staff during repeated cycles of public consultations. Household level profile: Sample: A 15 percent random sample was selected for the quantitative household baseline survey. A total of 28 male heads of households in Luni and Ghulam Bakhra Bolak villages were interviewed. Due to cultural norms, women members of households could not be included in the quantitative survey. However, focus groups discussions with women were held to record their needs and views. Age: In both villages, 39% of respondents were between the ages of 31-40 years, 25% were between 41-50 years, 21% were between 51-60 years, and 11% were between 21-30 years. Family size and pattern: The average family size is 5-10 members in 39% familes, 10-15 members in 29% families, 1-5 members in 21%, and 15 & above in 11% families. Around 77% of the community in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, and 87% of the community in Luni lives in a joint family system. In this style of living, the eldest male member takes care of all family members and is the decision-making authority, particularly for matters in the public domain. This system also provides security during periods of un-employment and financial crisis for individual family members. Families living on both channels often work together on the same land and share their joint incomes to support the entire family, including elder relatives who are unable to work. Level of education: 29% of respondents are uneducated, 21% have high school level qualifications, 18% have primary and secondary level education, and 14% have university level education. Health: The most common diseases in these village include Typhoid, Hepatitis B & C, Diarrhea, and Malaria. 14 Livelihood: The primary source of income for both villages is agriculture. 36% of respondents also reported livestock rearing as a secondary source of income. 18% reported having jobs (public and private). Livestock owners are reliant on nearby rangeland for grazing needs. Fodder is not purchased from the market and most people grow their own. Land ownership and tenancy patterns: There is both communal and individual land ownership in Bakhra Ghulam and Luni villages. The baseline survey indicates that sale of the land is not common practices in this area. If land is sold the transfer of land ownership is done formally and is recorded with the revenue department. Tenancy is not common on Bakhra Ghulam Bolak where 97% of the land is cultivated by owners. In Luni, 40% of the land is cultivated by owners and 60% is let to tenants. The land in the sub-project area is fertile and farmers grow cotton, sorghum and vegetables during the Kharif season (April to November) and wheat, pulses, lentils and vegetables during Rabi season (April to October). Housing: In both villages, all the houses are owned by the inhabitants. 100% houses have toilets; however, these are not connected to a proper sanitation system. 18% of houses are pucca (permanent/brick construction), 36% are semi-pucca, and 46% are kutcha (mud houses). The housing plot size in the sub-project area is 2500sq. ft. to 3500 sq. ft for 21% homes, 3600 sq. ft to 5000 sq. ft for 25% homes, and above 5000 sq.ft for 54% households. Environmental and Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures Medium adverse short-term impacts due to a decline in air quality because of the operation of the plant during embankment works and in construction camps were identified to residences. In general, the air quality of the sub-project area is good and within the permissible limit of NEQs and World Bank guidelines. The number of mitigations has been included in the ESMP, based on the selection and siting of plant to reduce this impact. Requirements to train the contractor’s staff in the implementation of measures to reduce dust generation during earthworks operations have also been identified. In addition to a number of best practice and mitigations, such as water sprinkling due to the generation of dust, mainly during the use of access routes and vegetation clearance in work areas. Risks are identified in depletion of ground and surface water quality resulting from major spills, as well as the improper treatment and disposal of sanitary waste, and solid wastes generated during construction. Groundwater resources are considered particularly valuable in the sub-project channels due to the reliance of the population on groundwater for drinking water supply. In addition, a number of mitigations have been applied to the methodology for storage and handling of hazardous material, waste water treatment and disposal, plant wash down, refueling and solid waste management to reduce the impact to ground and surface water resources. To supplement these mitigations, the contractor will be required to submit a pollution control plan upon mobilization for the approval of the Engineer. The key mitigation will be the contractor camp will not be located within 500 m of channels and community and will submit a plan for treatment using septic systems to PSIA during mobilization for approval. The plan must include designs or specifications demonstrating that the treatment rate of the system exceeds the loading rate, maintenance of the system, proposal for treatment and disposal of sludge from septic tanks. To prevent any disruption of water supply to farmers during construction, designs include the construction of temporary diversions. These will ensure continued supply of irrigation water during the canal lining and construction of structure works. 15 A potential high adverse short-term impact due to occupational health and safety risks associated with major construction activities is identified for construction laborers employed on the sub-project. The key mitigation will be that the contractor will also be required to prepare and submit Health and Safety Plan to cover all construction operations and will appoint a full-time health and safety officer on site. In addition, this study proposes a number of specifications for the contractor’s labor camps which are based on the International Finance Corporation and European Bank of Reconstruction and Development guidance note on Workers’ accommodation: processes and standards. This guidance has been incorporated into the contract documents and will ensure high standards of staff welfare for those residents in the contractor’s facilities. The sub-project area does not fall in any of the wildlife habitat and does not cause any harmful impacts directly and indirectly. The sub project area is mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. While Illegal hunting and shooting of faunal species by working staff is possible. However, there are no major adverse impacts related to operation phase, and impact will be of temporary nature. In case of chance find of sensitive habitat area wherein impact is associated, the contractor will be required to prepare an alternative habitat management plan and implement this accordingly at no additional cost. The plan will document the presence of affected species, the land needs of the species that may be met on the development site and will recommend appropriate habitat management plans and other measures to protect the subject wildlife. The proposed works will require the establishment of construction and labor camps which will generate construction, domestic, sanitary, and hazardous waste. The approximate area of the contractor camp is 10,000 sq ft. The contractor is expected to recruit skilled and unskilled laborers from the sub-project area. At the height of construction activity, up to 48 laborers are likely to be employed for the works at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels. These laborers will be resident on site for the construction period2 and in accordance with the contractor work plan, as given in Section 3.2.4. In case of non-availability of skilled laborers in the sub-project area, the contractor will hire skilled laborers from nearby cities. This has potentially significant impacts to fauna. The greatest potential impacts result from uncontrolled waste disposal and include entanglement of fauna within solid waste and pollution of water sources due to improper disposal of waste. The identified seven notified forests are found beyond the corridor of impact and, therefore, there will be no impact or any disturbance. In total, 270 trees are expected to be felled. As a mitigation measure, 5 new trees for each tree cut will be planted. Hence, a total of 1,350 new trees will be planted. The contractor will prepare a detailed tree plantation plan, in accordance with the Section 9.6.2. A high adverse short-term impact is identified for the local community during the implementation phase at a sub-project channels. Community disturbance will occur because of an expected increase in traffic volume within the sub-project area. This may result in congestion on transport routes and cause delays to local traffic. Increased traffic movement within the proximity of settlements also raises the risk of accidents (e.g. Collisions with vehicles or construction 2 Theconstruction period of the contractor will depend upon its work plan and methodology which shall be submitted by the contractor to PSIA for approval. 16 machinery) resulting in injury to members of the public. In addition, construction works in the proximity of these settlements will also have impacts such as potential noise and air pollution. There will also be impacts due to labor influx into the area and potential interactions between the non- local labor and the local community. To mitigate all these issues, the contractor will be required to employ a Community Liaison Officer throughout the implementation of works. The contractor’s Health and Safety Plan should also include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident resulting from the construction works. A Social complaints register will be placed at the Contractor’s, PIU and Engineers’ offices to address complaints effectively to avoid further disturbance to the local community. Approximately, 5 acres of land are required for the construction of the new alignment of the Bhakra Ghulam Bolak channel, and at eight different locations. The alignment of Luni Channel will not be changed and therefore, no land is required. The final land needs and how these will be met has been determined in keeping with the final design alignment and the Board of Revenue (BOR) cadastral record. The PMU/PSIA team obtained cadastral record from the Revenue Department to complete this task. The sub-project will not involve any private land acquisition for the project components. While the World Bank’s policy of Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) has been triggered for this project, the policy will not be applicable for this sub-project. Given the design, alignment, size of the proposed structures, and the fact that the nature of the works is mainly rehabilitation, land needs for this BIWRMDP will be met through Voluntary Land Donation (VLD) protocols. The conditions and process for VLD specified in the approved Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation Plan (SIAMP)3 for 1st Year sub- projects have been followed. The required land has been voluntarily donated by the farmers of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak under the supervision of the Farmers Organization (FO) and voluntary land donation (VLD) process. Legal ownership of the donated land will remain with the FO.. However, to ensure transparency throughout the process, documentation was prepared to record the following:  The ownership of the land  Evidence indicating the voluntary nature of the donation;  Appropriateness of the donation for the intended purpose  No encumbrances on the land  No negative impact on livelihood of any vulnerable group  No compensation to be paid  The owner gives up all claims on the land The VLD record was submitted to the district revenue authority. Copies were provided to the Assistant Commissioner, and the community members making the donation. Copies were also kept at the PIU and PMU. Copies of the VLD record are attached with this ESMP. The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) This ESMP is to be implemented during the operational phase of this sub-project to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed in this document are implemented accordingly. This ESMP includes monitoring mechanism and responsibilities. In addition, this ESMP is to be supplemented by 3 SocialImpacts Assessment and Mitigation Plan (SIAMP), 2016. pp. 109-110; http://balochistan.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=6867&Itemid=677 17 various plans to be submitted by the contractor (i.e. Health and safety, waste management, pollution prevention). The Balochistan Irrigation Department (BID) will be the Implementing Agency for this sub-project. The BID will access technical expertise from the departments of Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock, and Public Health Engineering to support project implementation. The Project Management Unit (PMU) is led by a Project Director. At the basin level, there are Project Implementation Units (PIUs). The PMU and PIUs will be supported by Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) consultants. The Implementation Completion Report (ICR) of the project will rate and evaluate the performance of the implementing agency. The contractor appointed under this sub-project will be responsible for the implementation of this ESMP during the sub-project execution phase. The contractor will be required to submit to the PSIA/PMU, the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans (CESMP) and Health, and Safety Plan (HSP), reflecting the methodologies of implementation. The details of these management plans are provided in 8.1 and 9.6. The Contractor is also required to appoint a safety supervisor, paramedic staff, health and safety officer, human resource officer and environmental officer. The Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans will include the following:  Organizational framework;  Layout plans for all camps;  Traffic management plan;  Pollution prevention and control plan;  Emergency plan;  Training plan; and,  Monitoring plan.  The contractor tree plantation plan During the preparation of Contractor Health and Safety, and Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan, the guidelines of environmental code of practices (ECOPs) given in this ESMP will be followed by the contractor and be implemented accordingly. During construction, the contractor will monitor its own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plans. In addition, PSIA will complete day-to-day monitoring of the contractor’s compliance with this ESMP. Each party will submit their monthly reports detailing the findings of their monitoring activities which will be distributed among each of the institutional stakeholders of this ESMP. The format of monthly monitoring report is provided in Appendix A. Stakeholders Consultation and Participation Public consultation is one of the key regulatory tools employed to improve transparency, efficiency and effectiveness of regulations for a development project. It involves actively seeking the opinions of those interested in or affected by a project (project beneficiaries). It is a two-way flow of information, which may occur at any stage of development from project identification through planning, design, construction and operation. It may be a process or a continuing dialogue between project implementation authority and the affectees. Consultation is increasingly concerned with the 18 objective of gathering information and finds the acceptable solution. The institutional arrangements in place for this project will ensure and facilitate regular consultation throughout project implementation. The stakeholder’s consultation process for this sub-project was carried out in accordance with the national regulatory requirements and the WB’s Operational Policies. The purpose of consultation was to: disseminate project information among the project stakeholders; record the perception of the community and their views on project interventions; and, obtain community feedback including regarding severity of impacts and recommendations for mitigation measures. Cycles of consultations were held at the channel level with men and women beneficiaries. Consultations were also held with Farmers’ Organizations, community representatives and notables, and district administration. Grievance Redress Mechanism A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for the project will be operational during the implementation of this ESMP. Budget The costs for the implementation of construction stage activities given in this ESMP will be included within the civil works contract for this sub-project and therefore ultimately borne by the client. The total cost of ESMP implementation is given in Section 11. 19 Page | 20 1 Introduction 1.1 General Project development objectives of the Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP) are to strengthen provincial government capacity for water resources management to improve community-based water management for targeted irrigation schemes in Balochistan. The project will begin the transformation of water management in Balochistan from a narrow irrigation project focus, with an integrated multi-sector river basin planning and development approach. It will be achieved through institutional strengthening, investments in hydro-meteorological data and weather information systems, priority infrastructure investments in irrigation, water supply and flood protection, and associated watershed and rangeland management. It is expected that the BIWRMD Project would help in improving the livelihoods of the rural poor in Balochistan by local-level participation to build stronger and more resilient communities, and to drive economic development through more efficient, productive and sustainable management and use of water resources in a watershed context. The project combines technical assistance to the GoB to lay the foundation for a gradual transition to integrated water resource management with targeted investments to support implementation of this project within a framework of community mobilization and participation in the Nari River Basins. The project will support investments in two of the eighteen river basins in Balochistan. These river basins have been selected based on the current water resources development status and future development opportunities identified through prefeasibility studies, along with the consideration of security issues and a balanced approach to extending development support of different tribal groups. These choices also reflect a desire to avoid the very arid and less populated western desert basins and avoid the canal-irrigated basins, but to focus on basins dominated by a mixture of perennial and spate irrigation and groundwater dependent higher value agriculture. Nari River Basin (69,200 km 2) flows towards the Indus but terminates in inland lakes and wetlands. Groundwater in the basin is over-exploited in many areas, but considerable opportunities exist for development of surface water resources. The selection of two priority river basins is the first step in a long-term process of province-wide water sector strengthening and reform. Tackling two basins also provides an opportunity to learn from sequential implementation and will provide some flexibility to prioritize and expand interventions during implementation should the security situation change significantly. The Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Management and Development (BIWRMD) project has three major and nine sub-components: Component A: Institutions, Capacity and Information: This component will support institutional restructuring, professional development, installation and operation of hydro-meteorological systems, and the establishment of multi-agency river basin information systems that provide public access to all available Page | 21 hydro-met data for the two-project basis. The Project will support the establishment of a hydro-met observation network in the two project river basins, including telecommunication equipment, software for data transmission and analysis, storage conversion of the data into the needed information and training in network O&M. Sub-component A1 will support institutional strengthening and restructuring; it will determine appropriate institutional arrangements for the initial stages of IWRM in Balochistan. Sub-component A2 will support hydro-meteorological data collection and management to provide the required information platform for improved water resource planning. Component-B: Water Infrastructure and Management Investments: This component will support implementation of IWRM sectorial investments in the Nari and Porali basins within a framework of community mobilization and participation. The sub - component B1 will support six irrigation schemes: three each in the Nari and Porali basins, spanning approximately 69,300 ha. Development work will include remodelling of the headwork and secondary canals. The Project will support construction and rehabilitation of sixteen village water supply schemes. Sub-component B2 will support a participatory approach to watershed management and rangeland management at the irrigation scheme level, to complement the new infrastructure investments under sub- components B1 and B3. Sub-component B3 will support the improvement of on-farm and field irrigation water efficiency and farm productivity. On-farm infrastructure will include construction/ rehabilitation of watercourses, water storage tanks/ponds, and farm access roads. Component C: Project Management & Technical Assistance: This component will support, project management, monitoring and evaluation and studies. The component will finance expenditures associated with overall project implementation costs, including incremental costs associated with the Project Management Unit (PMU) and the Project Implementation Units (PIUs), Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) consultants, M&E consultants, and implementation of Management Plans and Strategic Studies including the Environmental Management Plan (ESMP), the Social Mitigation Plan and the Gender Action Plan (GAP). Study tours will also be included with piloting of new technologies. 1.1.1 Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme (Sub-Project Description) The Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project comprises of perennial canal irrigation having six branch canals and their sub-branches covering Luni, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, Khajjak, Kurrak, Dehpal and Marghazani. In addition, there are two small-scale spate irrigation systems, namely Arand and Bori. The potential command area of the perennial and spate irrigation system is about 400 km, which is around 98,800 acres, out of which only 17,266 acres (6990 ha) are cropped. In the six perennial channels, the water flows are available all the time while spate irrigation channels work during rainfalls. The specific components of the sub-project are: I. Remodeling of the Nari Canal Perennial Irrigation System of the Package – a) lining of 6 branches of the Nari Weir Irrigation System including Luni, Khajjak, Kurak, Marghazani, Bakhra Ghulam Page | 22 Bolak and Dehpal; b) construction of outlets; c) construction of water distribution structures; and d) cross drainage works; II. Two small-scale Spate irrigation schemes on Arrand and Bori channels. a) rehabilitation/restoration/construction of two (2) dispersal structures to conserve and divert flood flows to irrigate the command areas. and b) lining of a short section of the channels as a guide to manage earthen channels. Page | 23 Figure 1.1:Location Map of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme 1.1.2 Sub-project Area The Nari river basin is the largest basin in the province. It includes Musakhel, Lorali, Beji, Khost, Chakr Lehri, Bolan-Mushkaf and Mula sub-basins. It falls in Districts; Musakhel, Lorali, Duki, Ziarat, Hernai, Sibi, and Jhal Magsi. The areas falling in the river basins are connected to Quetta and Jacobabad with metaled roads. The geographical area of the sub-project is in the chakar lehri sub-basin of the Nari river basin and lies in district Sibi. 1.2 Scope of Environmental and Social Management Plan To execute the Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme sub-project work activities the Environmental and Social Management Plan has been prepared in a phased manner. At first stage, the ESMP covers the site-specific environmental and social aspects of two of eight sub-project channels/sites: Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni. In the second stage, the ESMP will be prepared for the remaining six channels (Khajjak, Khurrak, Dehpal, Marghazani, Arrand and Bori). Page | 25 Figure 1.2:Map of Nari River Basin Page | 24 Figure 1.3:Location Map of Sub-Project Channels Page | 25 1.3 Justification and Need of the Sub-project Floods and droughts are common phenomena in the sub-project area; however, it is observed that the droughts are invariably more common and persistent than floods. The approach to management of droughts and floods is to develop a project to conserve floodwater by diverting or storing for groundwater recharge, and efficient water use. Furthermore, there are no industrial activities in the project area, which may contribute in the socio-economic progress of the local communities of Nari Gorge. Currently, the average annual cropping intensity of the Nari Gorge canal perennial irrigation system is around 39%, which is extremely low. The low cropping intensity is largely due to huge conveyance losses in the damaged, lined sections of the canal and the earthen irregular watercourses. Furthermore, fields are un-levelled and farmers have to over-irrigate the field to cover the high spots. The water assessment for the Nari Canal average discharge of 120 cusecs (3.4 m 3/sec) indicated that cropping intensity of 67% is possible to meet the peak crop needs and then excess water will be available during a period of 8 months when there is no peak demand for crops. The remodeling of perennial irrigation and restoration of spate irrigation for the sub-project will provide benefits to the population. For the perennial canal irrigation scheme, the designed command is around 44065 acres (17832 ha) and with the designed cropping intensity of 133%, it will provide cropped area of 58606 acres per annum (23727 ha/annum). It is important to note that the current cropping intensity is only 39%. The community is not able to divert floodwater for the Sailaba (run-off) lands as they can’t manage the floodwater without the development of the spate irrigation scheme. The flood water is available in the sub- project and it can be utilized by developing spate farming system through the development of two small- scale spate irrigation schemes (Arand and Bori) and development of the command area. Currently very little land is under floodwater irrigation. 1.4 ESMP Methodology The methodology for assessing and mitigating the social and environmental impacts are summarized below:  Desk review: EA, SIAMP, feasibility study reports, engineering design were reviewed during the preparation of the site specific Environmental and Social Management Plan for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels;  Define the area covered under the ESMP;  Review of planned civil works (design/alignment/scope of work);  Review legal framework (national and provincial) and World Bank policies and guidelines;  Identify key available related infrastructure resources  Identify primary stakeholders including communities (vulnerable groups such as; women, ethnic groups, the poor etc.), and secondary stakeholders (NGOs, CBOs, Government departments, local elected representative, community leaders, civil administration)  Socio-Economic and Environmental baseline conditions;  Assess temporary and permanent social and environmental impacts;  Stakeholder consultations; and  Development of risk mitigation strategy and social and environmental management plan. Page | 26 The Environmental Assessment (EA) and Social Impact Assessment & Management Plan (SIAMP) of the BIWRMD Project was completed in 2016 and the environmental approval by the B-EPA was accorded on October 19, 2017 vide letter No. DG (EPA) /4762-80/2017-18. The project proponent will require to fulfil the requirements of Balochistan EPA, as per approved NOC. 1.5 Data Collection Primary data for this study was collected through field visits, walk-through surveys, quantitative household survey, in-depth qualitative interviews during field visits, and community consultations. Due to cultural practices women members of household could not be included in the quantitative survey. Separate consultation sessions with women were held. The secondary data pertaining to various environmental and socioeconomic parameters was gathered through the literature review and from the approved project documents. 1.6 Environmental and Social Baseline Sampling 1.6.1 Environmental Sampling The baseline monitoring of Ambient Air Quality, Water Quality Sample (Surface and Ground Water), Noise Soil Analysis and Meteorological parameters was carried out by the Quality Testing Service on behalf of Project Management Unit (BIWRMDP) in the month of January 2018. 1. Analysis of Ambient Air Quality The Ambient Air Quality analysis for 24-hour continuous monitoring at the sub project channels of the Nari Gorge (Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak) was conducted for the following parameters:  Carbon Monoxide  Nitrogen Dioxide  Sulfur Dioxide  Particulate Matter (PM 10)  Noise Levels  Ozone  Total Suspended Particle (TSP) 2. Meteorological Parameters The following meteorological parameters at each of the sites:  Temperature  Relative Humidity  Wind Direction  Wind Speed 3. Water Quality Testing In total, 08 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels (04 SW & 04 GW samples from each channel). The physical, chemical Page | 27 and microbiological parameters of surface and ground water quality were analysed and compared with National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) and World Bank standards. a) Chemical Test Alkalinity, Bio-carbonate, Chlorides, Hardness (CaCo3), Magnesium, Potassium, Sulfate, Nitrate, Fluoride, Iron, Arsenic, Calcium, Copper, Zinc, Mercury, Copper, Ammonia, Nitrite, Selenium. b) Microbiological Test Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms, Escherichia Coli (E. Coli). c) Physical Test Color, Odour, Taste, Turbidity, Conductivity, pH, TDS, TSS 4. Noise Level During the ambient air monitoring, the 24 hrs noise level monitoring was also conducted at the same locations and were compared with World Bank guideline and National Environmental Quality Standards. 5. Soil Quality Testing  Analysis of pollutants/chemicals  The laboratory measurements of organo-chlorine pesticides for sediment quality. The details result of each parameter analysis is provided in Section 4.1. 1.6.2 Socio-economic Baseline Quantitative Sampling of Bhakra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Channels were carried out in February 2018. The sample size taken into consideration was 15%. A total of 28 male heads of households from both villages were interviewed. The details of the socio-economic survey are provided in Chapter 5 and consists of:  Village profile  Household socio-economic profile 1.7 Objectives of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Following are the objectives of the ESMP: i. Identify social and environmental impacts of the subproject and related activities. ii. Suggest suitable measures for mitigation of identified impacts at planning, designing and implementation stages of subproject and to avoid, eliminate or reduce their adverse impacts, if any. iii. Propose an environmental and social monitoring program to ensure that mitigation measures are implemented during the subproject execution and timely corrective actions are taken where required. iv. Propose the institutional arrangements required to implement and monitor the ESMP. v. To carry out monthly social and environmental monitoring and ensure compliances and reporting non-compliances in accordance with this ESMP. vi. Appointment of full-time ESMP staff in the field. Page | 28 vii. Capacity building of contractor and project staff. 1.8 Study Team The details of the team members involved during the preparation of this ESMP and in various activities is provided in Appendix B. Page | 29 2 Regulatory and Policy Reviews This chapter provides details of the national and provincial legislation, regulations, EPA guidelines and World Bank Operational Policies and guidelines which are relevant and applicable to the project. Section 2.1: Provides the details of the World Bank Operational Policies Section 2.2: Provides the details of the National and Provincial Legislative Framework Section 2.3: International Conventions 2.1 World Bank Operational Policies The World Bank (WB) has approved a series of Operational Policies which define the conduct of WB operations. A summary of the status of those Operational Policies which relate to environmental and social impacts are provided in the following sections. Table 2.1: Assessment of Applicable World Bank Operational Policies Directive Policy Status for sub-project Triggered Not Triggered Environmental Assessment OP/BP/GP 4.01 ✓ Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04 X Projects in Disputed Areas OP/BP/GP 7.60 X Indigenous Peoples OP 4.20/OP 4.10 X Forests OP/BP 4.36 X Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 ✓ 4 Projects on International OP/BP/GP 7.50 X Waterways Pest Management OP 4.09 X Safety of Dams OP/BP 4.37 X Physical Cultural Resource Plan OP/BP 4.11 ✓ 2.1.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) The WB requires that an environmental assessment of all WB financed projects is carried out by the borrower to ensure that a project is environmentally sound and sustainable. As such, this policy has been triggered by Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Development Project (BIWRDM). The environmental assessment for this project was completed by the team of Independent Advisors and consultants. Page | 30 The proposed BIWRM Project is classified as Category A which means the project has potentially significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive and diverse. These impacts may affect areas bordering scheme sites. The EIA had been completed in accordance with the relevant Operational Policy (OP), to identify the extent and consequences of these impacts, and to develop an Environmental Management and Mitigation Plan. OP 4.01 states that a range of instruments can be used to satisfy the Bank’s EA requirement including:  Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)  Regional or Sectorial  Environmental Audit  Hazard or Risk Assessment  Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) In accordance to the requirement Environmental and Social Management Plan for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels and will be implemented accordingly. 2.1.2 Physical Cultural Resources Plan (OP 4.11) This policy is triggered where there is a potential impact to movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic or other cultural significance. The objective of this policy is to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on physical cultural resources. In accordance with this policy, the independent Environmental Specialist has completed a baseline survey of the sub-project area to identify physical cultural resources. The sub-project activities will not cause impact to the physical, cultural resources; therefore, this policy is not triggered. A procedure to manage chance finds is also included. In case of any design changes which may harm, physical, cultural resources, complete assessment of the potential impacts, formulated mitigation measures will be carried out. 2.1.3 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/ 4.12) The WB policy on involuntary resettlement is triggered in any project with the potential to result in the involuntary taking of land which results in the relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, or loss of income sources as well as involuntary restriction of access to legally designate parking and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on livelihood. This policy is triggered for the Project as a whole, and an RPF has been prepared, consulted upon and disclosed. Small parcels of land are required for this sub-project and these will be acquired through VLD. In addition, there will be no physical relocation of settlement or removal of structures in the sub-project area 2.2 National and Provincial Legislative Framework The national environmental and social legislations, policies and guidelines of Pakistan, applicable/not applicable to this sub-project are summarized in this section: f Page | 31 Table 2.2: National and Provincial Legislative Framework Name of the Act Objectives under the Act Applicability for Supervising Responsibility Time Frame the sub-project and Monitoring Hazardous Substance The objectives of the Hazardous Substance Rules Applicable PSIA and PMU During establishment Rules 2003 (Draft) to implement licensing requirements for the of contractor’s camps generation, collection, transport, treatment, disposal, storage, handling and import of hazardous substances. The rule has not yet notified8. Employment of Child Act, The objectives of the Employment of Child Act Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Duration 1991 (ECA) 1991 disallows child labor in the country. It also states that no child will be employed or permitted to work in any of the occupation set forth in the ECA (such as transport sector railways, construction, and ports) or in any workshop wherein any of the processes defined in the Act is carried out9. Factories Act 1934 This Act clearly defines the roles and Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Duration responsibilities of the factories, aims to ensure the health and safety of workers and defines the basic facilities to be provided. The Factories Act also provides regulations for handling and disposal of toxic and hazardous materials. As construction activity is classified as ‘industry’, these reg ulations will be applicable to the sub-project construction contractor. 8 http://environment.gov.pk/PRO_PDF/HAZ-RU03.PDF 9 http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1335242011_887.pdf Page | 34 Protection of Trees and The Protection of Trees and Brushwood Act Applicable PSIA and PMU During channel lining Brushwood Act (1949) prohibits illegal cutting or lopping of trees along and widening works roads and canals planted by the Forest Department. The matter of permission to remove any trees, their compensation, and plantation to replace the lost trees will be taken up with the Balochistan Forest authorities. Forest Act (1927) This federal Forestry Act of 1927 authorizes Not Applicable ---------- -------- Provincial Forest Departments to establish forest reserves and protected forests. The Act prohibits any person to start a fire in a forest, quarry stone within a forest, remove any forest produce or cause any damage to the forest by cutting trees or clearing up the area for cultivation or any other purpose. All the works will be carried out beyond the CoI. Balochistan Cultural This Act empowers the Provincial Government to Not Applicable ------- ------- Heritage and protect cultural heritage in the Province. It empowers the government to compulsorily acquire Preservation Act 2010 any heritage that could be lost to various threats. It states punitive action for the willful destruction of protected cultural heritage. Motor Vehicle Ordinance The Motor Vehicle Ordinance deals with the Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Duration (1995) powers of the Motor Vehicle Licensing Authorities and empowers other related agencies regulate traffic rules, vehicle speed and weight limits, and vehicle use, to erect traffic signs, and to prescribe special duties of drivers in case of accidents. The Land Acquisition The Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 is the key Not Applicable. All -------- (LAA) Act 1894 legislation that has direct relevance to resettlement the private land is and compensation in Pakistan. Each province has its own interpretation of the LAA, and some acquired through provinces have also passed provincial legislations. VLD process. The Land Acquisition (Balochistan Amendment) Page | 35 Act 1985 having been passed by the provincial assembly of Balochistan on 9th October 1985. The LAA and its implementation rules require that before implementation of any development project the privately-owned land and crops are compensated to titled landowners and/or registered tenants/users etc. Based on the LAA, only legal owners and tenants registered with the Land Revenue Department or those possessing formal lease agreements are eligible for compensation. Under this Act, users of the Rights of Way (RoW) are not considered "affected persons" and thus not entitled to any mitigating measure, compensation, or livelihood support. High Way Safety The Highway Safety Ordinance includes provisions Not Applicable ---------- --------- Ordinance (2000) for licensing and registration of vehicles and construction equipment; maintenance of road vehicles; traffic control agencies, penalties and procedures; and the establishment of a police force for motorways and national highways to regulate and control the traffic as well as keep the highways clear of encroachments. No high way or motor ways exists nearby to sub-project channel. Balochistan Balochistan Environmental Protection Act of 2012 Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Duration Environmental Protection provides the overarching provincial framework for Act (2012) the protection of the environment in Balochistan. It builds on the provisions of PEPA and localizes them in the provincial context and taking into account the following points:  Provisions for integrated watershed management;  Regulation of sustainable abstraction of groundwater; Page | 36  Measures to protect human health and ecosystems;  Any other provision necessary for the sustainable use and management of water resources.  A land owner or individual who uses the land on which any activity or process is performed or undertaken which causes or is likely to cause significant pollution of a water resource must take measures to prevent any such pollution10. Balochistan Wildlife This legislation is guided primarily by the principle Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Duration preservation protection of ensuring the protection, preservation, conservation and promotion, conservation, management and sustainable development of wild animals in management Act 2014 recognition of their position as key components of (BWPPCMA) biological diversity with social, cultural, economic and ecological significance for the present and future generations. It further encourages the active participation of local communities in the protection of wildlife resources in the Province. Community participation is further encouraged through economic incentives and benefit sharing. The Act embraces the principle of co- management of protected areas and the promotion of livelihood activities in protected areas. The proposed project activities will be conducted in compliance with the requirement of this Act11. Canal and Drainage The Balochistan Canal and Drainage Ordinance, Applicable PMU During channel lining Ordinance (Amended entitles the Provincial government to use and and widening works 2000 & 2006) control, for public purposes, water of all rivers and streams flowing in natural channels, of lakes, sub- soil and other natural collection of still water. The Ordinance empowers the government to define, in 10 Environmental Assessment-BIWRMD 11 https://www.elaw.org/system/files/balochistan_environment_protection_act_2012-1.pdf Page | 37 identifying areas, a cropping pattern for controlling waterlogging and soil salinity. The government may also impose a ban on cultivation of certain crops in the situated outside the canal command area and can, in the event of any violation, impose penalties in terms of punishment and fine. Balochistan Water and This Act provides for the establishment of the Water Applicable PSIA and PMU During contractor’s Sanitation Act, 1989 and Sanitation Authority. The Authority is camp construction responsible for providing an adequate supply of potable water and for eliminating waterborne diseases through the provision of effective sewerage and sanitation systems. The Act defines the composition of the Authority and its powers and functions. The Authority is empowered to issue licenses, set charges and recover revenues for the services provided, authorize the discharge of industrial waste into sewerage or sanitation systems, and protect water resources and water supply systems from sources of contamination or pollution12. Minimum Wages This ordinance provide support to employee that Applicable PSIA Through the sub- Ordinance 1969 each employer will be responsible to paid minimum project wages to all unskilled/unskilled workers employed, either directly or through a contractor, as per prescribed rate of government of Pakistan. Work men compensation This law deals with the payment of compensation Applicable PSIA Entire project duration Act 1923 by the employer to work or workman (not officer) when he meets with an accident during his working period. Natural disabilities are excluded from the compulsory payment of compensation. Occurrence of accident after the working hours in outside the working premises in also excluded from the 12 Environmental Assessment-BIWRMD Page | 38 payment of compensation. Only such accidents are covered under this law which occurs due to the work for which worker is employed. The Bonded Labor According to this act, forced labour is any type of Applicable PSIA/PMU Entire project duration System (Abolition) Act work or kind of service in which someone engages 1992 involuntarily and under implied coercion a manifest threat of a party or oppression measures. The bonded labor can exist in following forms under different situations:  Bonded labor in exchange of advance/an amount of money given before services are rendered, received by a person or his family.  Bonded labor as a consequence of some social or customary obligations.  Bonded labor in exchange of an economic benefit/consideration received by a person or his family,  Bonded labor of a guarantor in exchange for debtor who was unable to pay off his debt.  Bonded labor is prevalent in agriculture sector, brick kilns, domestic work and begging. Balochistan Irrigation The Balochistan Irrigation and Drainage Authority Applicable PMU During formation and and Drainage Act 1997 (BIDA) Act of 1997 transformed the Irrigation wing registration of FOs. of the Irrigation Department into an autonomous Authority for development and management of irrigation, drainage and flood control infrastructure. BIDA exercises powers under the Balochistan Canal and Drainage Ordinance and the Balochistan Groundwater Rights Administration Ordinance to formulate and implement policy guidelines regarding water management and use. It is responsible for developing a sustainable irrigation and drainage network through equitable distribution of irrigation water to improve the efficiency of water utilization while minimizing drainage surplus. Page | 39 The proposed BIWRMD Project will need to be cognizant of BIDA (1997) regulations, especially for organizing and registering farmer organizations. The regulations for registration of farmer organizations were approved and issued in 2000. A registrar appointed by BIDA is responsible for registering and maintain the operations of registered farmer organizations13. The Protection Against This act provides shelter to women working in any Applicable PSIA/PMU Entire Project duration Harassment of Women at field. “Harassment” means any unwelcome sexual the Work Place Act 2010 advance, request for sexual favors or other verbal or written communication or physical conduct of a sexual nature or sexually demeaning attitudes, causing interference with work performance or creating an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment, or the attempt to punish the complainant for refusal to comply to such a request or is made a condition for employment; 13 Environmental Assessment-BIWRMD Page | 40 2.3 International Treaties Pakistan is signatory to several Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). These MEAs set requirements and restrictions to varying degrees to the Member States in order to achieve the objectives of these agreements. However, the implementation mechanism for most of these MEAs is weak in Pakistan and the institutional set-up is largely non-existent. The MEAs agreement are provided in table below: Table 2.3: International Treaties S.No International Treaties Objectives of Treaties Applicability 1 Convention on CITES (the Convention on International Trade in No International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) is Endangered Species an international agreement between governments. (CITES) Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. 2 The Ramsar The Convention on Wetlands, called the Ramsar No Convention (the Convention, is the intergovernmental treaty that Convention on Wetlands provides the framework for the conservation and of International wise use of wetlands and their resources. Importance) 3 Paris climate accord Paris climate agreement is an agreement within (Convention on Climate the United Nations Framework Convention on Yes Change dealing with Climate Change (UNFCCC) dealing greenhouse gas emission with greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. 4 UN Framework The UNFCCC convention is an international No Convention on Climate environmental treaty negotiated at the earth Change (UNFCCC) summit in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992, then entered into force on 21 March 1994. The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. 5 Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto protocol is an international treaty which No extends the 1992 UNFCCC on climate change to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to "a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Page | 40 6 Montreal Protocol The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete No the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. 7 Basel Convention The Basel Convention on the Control of Trans Yes boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal 8 Convention on Biological The Convention on Biological Diversity was the Yes Diversity outcome of the ‘Earth Summit’ held in Rio-de- Janeiro in 1992, The convention has 3 main objectives:  The conservation of biological diversity  The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity  The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources 9 Convention for the It was developed by the international maritime No Prevention of Pollution organization in an effort to minimize pollution of the from Ships (MARPOL) oceans and seas, including dumping, oil and air pollution. 10 UN Convention on the Law This law of the sea convention defines the right and No of the Seas (UNCLOS) responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources. 11 Stockholm Convention on Stockholm convention on persistent organic No Persistent Organic pollutants is an international environmental treaty, Pollutants (POPs) signed in 2001 and effective from May 2004, that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 12 Cartagena Protocol; The Cartagena protocol on Biosafety to the No convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the convention on Biological Diversity effective since 2003. The Biosafety protocol seek to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by genetically modified organisms resulting from modern Biotechnology. 13 UN Convention to Combat The UNCCD in those countries which experience No Desertification (UNCCD) serious droughts. The objectives of this convention to combat desertification in countries experiencing serious droughts and/or desertification are to Page | 41 combat desertification and mitigate the effort of drought with a view to contributing to the achievement of sustainable development in affected areas. 2.3.1 ILO Conventions – Ratifications for Pakistan Pakistan has ratified 08 fundamental and 26 technical ILO conventions in which following are relevant to the sub-project and summarized in the following table: Table 2.4: ILO Conventions S. ILO Conventions– Objectives No Rectification for Pakistan 1 C029 - Forced Labor Article 1 of the convention states each member undertakes to suppress the Convention, 1930 (No. use of forced or compulsory labor in all its forms within the shortest possible 29) period. Article 2 of the convention states that the term forced or compulsory labor shall mean all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily. 2 C111 - Discrimination For the purpose of this Convention, discrimination includes any distinction, (Employment and exclusion or preference made on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, Occupation) Convention, political opinion, national extraction or social origin, which has the effect of 1958 (No. 111) nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation. 3 C138 - Minimum Age Article 1 of the convention states that Each Member which ratifies this Convention, 1973 (No. Convention shall specify, in a declaration appended to its ratification, a 138) minimum age for admission to employment or work within its territory and on means of transport registered in its territory; subject to Articles 4 to 8 of this Convention, no one under that age shall be admitted to employment or work in any occupation. 4 C001 - Hours of Work The term industrial undertaking under this convention includes (c) (Industry) Convention, construction, reconstruction, maintenance, repair, alteration, or demolition of 1919 (No. 1) any building, railway, tramway, harbor, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gas work, waterworks or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for or laying the foundations of any such work or structure; Article 2 of the Convention states that the working hours of persons employed in any public or private industrial undertaking or in any branch thereof, other than an undertaking in which only members of the same family are employed, shall not exceed eight in the day and forty- eight in the week. The limit of hours of work prescribed in Article 2 may be exceeded in case of accident, actual or threatened, or in case of urgent work to be done to machinery or plant, or in case of "force majeure", but only so far as may be necessary to avoid serious interference with the ordinary working of the undertaking. Page | 42 3 Description of the Sub-project This chapter provides the details of engineering design works and construction phase activities which are to be carried out at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels under Nari Gorge Integrated sub-project. 3.1 Engineering Activities/Interventions The construction activities at the Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak includes: the construction of lined channels, main distribution structures, time diversion structures, outlets, pipe culverts, spur, syphons, guide bunds etc. The details of engineering activities that to be carried out, at each channel are provided in the table below: Table 3.1: Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project Activities S. No. Main Channels List of Construction Activities 1 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak  Construction of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel and Branches - Channel 6428.00 meters  Construction of Distribution Structure channel  Pipe Culverts - 04 Nos.  Time Division Structures - 02 Nos.  Outlets - 48 Nos.  Construction of Spur 2 Luni Channel  Construction of PCC Channel Luni - 7425 Meters  Construction of Distribution Structure Luni  Construction of Road Culverts - 04 Nos.  Construction Aqueduct - 01 No.  Construction of time Diversion Structure – 02 Nos.  Construction of Naka/Outlets - 80 Nos. 3.2 Operational Phase Activities 3.2.1 Channels Lining and Widening The existing channels will be re-constructed by carrying out concrete lining works in the entire channel prism, as shown in Figure 3.1. The widening of the existing channels will be achieved, as per design X- section or engineering drawings. To ensure consistent flow of water to the downstream side, temporary diversion will be constructed, in phases and as required along the length of the channel, during channel lining and widening works. 3.2.2 Land Needs for New Alignment on Bakhra Ghulam Bolak In locations where new permanent alignments are required for Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channel, the existing channel will not be disturbed until works for the new alignment (lining and widening) are completed. After the completion of the work of the new alignment, the old/existing channels will be closed or filled-in. All the permanent land needs for these works have been met through VLD. All the land obtained through VLD is agricultural land. In cases where there are standing crops on land, the land will only be taken for construction activity once the crop has been harvested. While from acquired land, only 0.281 acres of land of Ali Jan Raisani s/o Haji Nehal Khan Raisani is barren. Page | 43 All the land needs for temporary diversion or construction purposes will be met through agreements between the contractor and the local community and will be the responsibility of the contractor, and as per RPF compensation will be paid to land holder. All land used for temporary needs will be returned to its owners in its pre-construction condition. Table 3.2: Land Required from Farmers of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Land Size Sr. Name and father name of Community Village Clan Length Width No. Jum leader (in Acre) (in feet) (In feet) Malik Shah Muhammad s/o Bakhra Ghulam 1. Rind Mandwani 443 20 0.203 Karam Khan Bolak Malik Abdullah s/o Abdul 2. Gulloo Sheher Rind Mandwani 443 20 0.203 Ghani Ali Jan Raisani s/o Haji 3. Mitri/Quetta Raisani Raisani 613 20 0.281 Nehal Khan Raisani Sarfaraz s/o Ghulam Bakhra Shakar Ghulam 4. Rind 1509.19 20 0.692 Hussain Khan Bolak Riaz Ahmed s/o Muhammad Bakhra Shakar Ghulam 5. Rind 2559.06 20 1.174 Azim Khan Bolak Abdul Ghaffar s/o Jumma Bakhra Shakar Ghulam 6. Rind 918.63 20 0.421 Khan Khan Bolak Bakhra Ghulam Ghulam 7. Mewa Khan s/o H. Wash Dil Rind 721.78 20 0.331 Bolak Bolak Attai Khan s/o Jan Bakhra Ghulam Ghulam 8. Rind 3687 20 1.692 Muhammad Bolak Bolak 5 Total Land Required in Acres approx 3.2.3 Land Needs on Luni Channel Luni channel will be constructed within its existing alignments. However, a temporary diversion channel along the entire length of the existing Luni channel will need to be constructed. The temporary diversion will be required for the construction of lined channels, outlets, pipe culverts, spur, syphons, super passages main distribution structure, road culverts, time diversion structures, as these structures are proposed to be constructed within the existing alignment. All land needs for temporary diversions or construction purposes will be met through an agreement between the contractor and the local community and will be the responsibility of contractor. After completion of civil works, the temporary diversion channels will be filled-in. All land used for temporary needs will be returned to its owner in its pre- construction condition. Page | 44 Figure 3.1:Canal Prism Figure 3.2: Typical Plan and Section of Super Passage Page | 45 Figure 3.3: Plan and Profile Image of Luni Channel Page | 47 Figure 3.4:Plan and Profile Image of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Page | 48 3.2.4 Construction Schedule The following table provides the details and timeline of pre-construction and construction phase activities to be conducted at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Channels (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme)14. Table 3.3:Sub-Project Activities and Construction Schedule S.No Sub-Project Timeline Activities Pre-Construction Phase 1 Site Survey and Joint Demarcation of sitesActivities with PMU and PSIA 1 Month (Nov-2017) Consultants 2 Selection of suitable sites for establishment of camp 1 Month (Nov-2017) 3 Establishment of Camp 3 Month (Nov17-Jan18) 4 Relevant Staff Deputation for start of Work 1 Month (Jan 18-Feb18) 5 Mobilization of Machinery and Equipment 2 Month (Feb 18 -Mar18) Construction Activities at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 1 Bush Clearance and Stripping of the canal foot print Aug-18 2 Earth Work for Canal embankment/Diversion Channels Aug-Nov 18 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Sept-Dec 18 4 Concrete lining of the Canal Nov17-Jan18 5 Construction of Hydraulic Structure on Canal Nov17-Jan18 Construction Activities at Luni Channel 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print Aug-18 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of channels Aug-Nov 18 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Aug-Nov 18 4 concrete lining of the canal Sept-Dec18 5 Construction of Hydraulic structure on Canal Aug18-Jan19 14 The timelines of pre-construction and construction phase activities were submitted by the contractor at the time of bidding of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme. The contractor shall re-submit the revise work plan for approval of these two channels, following the approval of this ESMP. Page | 49 Figure 3.5: Work Plan for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) Page | 49 3.2.5 Labor Requirement At the peak of construction activities, up to 48 laborers are likely to be employed for the works at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels. These laborers will be resident on site for the construction period 2 and in accordance with the contractor work plan, as given in Section 3.2.4. It is anticipated that approximately 75% of the workforce will be from the sub-project area while some 25% of labor (skilled) would be hired from outside the sub-project area. The mitigations given in Section 6.3.5.1 will be followed by the contractor. 3.2.6 Jungle Clearance The vegetation cover and trees will be removed from the right of way (08 meter from center on either side) of the existing channels. The vegetation cover includes different type of species such as; A lernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica , T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk) and trees. In total, 2,100 numbers of trees exists along the Luni channel out of which 270 numbers of trees will be felled. However, trees are not found at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel. There are no any endangered tree species found in the sub-project area which are going to be cleared. Before the commencement of these activities, the contractor, along with PSIA and PIU, will prepare and maintain an inventory of 270 trees which are expected to be cut at Luni Channel. The data to be recorded include name of the species and girth. During the jungle clearance operation, the guideline of ECOPs on protection of flora provided in Appendix C (Table 9) will be implemented by the contractor. Figure 3.7: Another view of vegetation cover along the Figure 3.6: Vegetation Cover along the Luni channel existing channel 3.2.7 Right of Way (RoW) The Right of Way (RoW) has been considered as the area along the existing earthen canals and weirs where the proposed engineering works are to be carried out. Following the General Drawings of Feasibility Study and the detailed engineering design, the RoW for the channels is decided to be 8 meters from center on either side. In the case of weirs, v there are existing weirs and the project is planning to rehabilitate only the existing structures. Page | 51 3.2.8 Corridor of Impact (CoI) The CoI is considered the sub-project command area in which there could be an impact when the irrigation system is improved and expanded. Therefore, the environmental, socio-economic and other relevant surveys are conducted in this area. 3.2.9 Water Supply During construction, water will be required for both construction activities and for consumption by all project personnel. In the sub-project area, however, direct consumption of ground and surface water is not suitable for drinking, therefore, the contractor shall make alternative arrangements of water supply (drinking) as well as test the quality of water supply before consumption. Further guideline of ECOPs on water resource management are provided in Appendix C (Table 1) will be implemented accordingly. The community will be made aware of and consulted regarding all water supply requirements and arrangement through the contractor’s community liaison officer. It will be ensured the community’s water supply is not compromised or negatively impacted and requisite mitigation measures (if required) will be set in place. 3.2.10 Use of Machinery and Equipment It is estimated that the equipment given in the table below will be required to complete the different sub- project engineering activities. Table 3.4: Machinery and Tools / Equipment Required for Earthworks and Civil Works Machinery and Tools / Equipment Estimated Quantity Excavator (0.58 m3) 05 Dozer 04 Motor grader 02 Dump truck 04 Concrete pump 4 Portable welder 5 Steel bar cutter 3 Steel bar bender 5 Concrete vibrator 08 Welding Machine 5 Fuel tank 02 3.3 Establishment of Contractor Camps 3.3.1 Siting of all Contractor Camps The contractor will apply the following conditions to all contractor camps:  Locate construction camps at least 500m (1,000 ft.) away from communities in order to avoid social conflict over use of natural resources such as water, and/or to avoid the possible adverse impacts of the presence of construction camps on surrounding/nearby communities.  Where appropriate, the local authorities responsible for health, dispute resolution, religious and Page | 52 security matters will be duly informed on the set-up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security.  Land required temporarily for the construction and establishment of contractor camp will be organized by and be the responsibility of the contractor.  In case the land is taken from a private individual or public entity the contractor has to sign a temporary lease agreement and will follow the RPF guidelines for meeting land needs . Once, the works are completed, the contractor will return the land in its original condition with no remnant of waste material, debris etc. This main camp site may include the following facilities:  Material storage  Workshops  Material testing laboratory  Site offices  Contractors accommodation  Labor camp, including welfare facilities such as kitchen and dining room: some labor in this camp may reside overnight and may belong to areas outside the sub-project area.  Drinking water and sanitation facilities  Medical facilities  Sewage disposal system and power generators Most of this area will be for the storage of extra construction material, parking, manufacturing and fabrication yard, and an office and dormitory. The contractor may propose the location of the main camp, as per his own work methodology, and must meet the requirement of this ESMP. The ECOPs guidelines for the construction and management of contractor camps (main and sub-camps) are given in Appendix. C.12 and be implemented accordingly. 3.3.2 Contractor’s Sub-camps Due to the large extent of the sub-project area, the contractor will establish sub camps at various locations near to their work sites. These camps will be like the main camp, but on a smaller scale and include similar facilities as detailed in section 3.4.1. The contractor is required to make arrangements for the use of the area with the land-owner or the relevant department i.e. irrigation. While the final location of the sub-camps will be decided by the contractor and will be dependent upon his chosen methodology and program, the following sub camp locations are proposed. The condition specified in section 3.3.1 will apply. Table 3.5: Proposed Locations of Sub-camps S. No. Sub-Camp Locations Channel Sites 1. Sub-Camp 1 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel 2. Sub-Camp 2 Luni Channel Page | 53 Figure 3.8: Proposed Sub-Camp Locations 3.3.3 Standards for Labor/Workers Accommodation Following the best practices, the main and sub-camp for contractor and labor/workers would follow standards given in the Table below: Table 3.6: labor Camp Best Practices Guidelines Activity Guidelines Provision of Camp Lined washing areas Facilities In-house common entertainment facilities. Septic tanks and soaking pits; Solid waste management. Fire prevention and firefighting equipment Separate from living quarters, sheltered kitchen area. Safe drinking water supply which meets the national standards Minimum space allocated per person should be 4 square meters (assuming a height of 2.4 m). Appropriate protection against heat, cold, damp noise, fire and disease-carrying animals, in particular insects. Lighting and electricity supply Ventilation facility with availability electricity, fans Page | 54 Activity Guidelines Roads and paths Adequate number of toilets and sanitary fitting will be provided. (1 toilet, 1 hand wash basin, 1 bathroom with bench per 10 persons to be provided. Provide plain cemented washable floor for easy cleaning in the kitchen and living areas Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. Provide separate latrines and bathing places for males and females with total isolation by wall or by location. Female toilets should be clearly marked in a language understood by the persons using them to avoid miscommunication. Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to suppress dust and to work against possible muddy surface during monsoon. Cooking Provide a sheltered and ventilated kitchen area which is separated from living quarters Provide fuel to the construction camps for their daily purpose use, in order to discourage them to use fuel wood or other biomass. Make available alternative fuels like natural gas or kerosene to the workforce to prevent them using biomass for cooking. Health and Hygiene Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vectors habitats (stagnant water bodies, puddles) do not form. Place display boards at strategic locations within the camps containing messages on best hygienic Provide initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work. Provide adequate health care facilities within camp sites. Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of medicines in the facility and appoint a doctor on site. Provide transport facility for the laborers during emergency to be transported to the nearest hospitals Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on a regular basis Safety Availability of fire extinguishers inside the camps Provide appropriate type of firefighting equipment suitable for the construction camps Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently in strategic places in camps. Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing/site office. Ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding storms/cyclones Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors. Provide appropriate security personnel (police /home guard or private security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized entry into the camp area. Drainage Regularly inspect and maintain drains Provide drainage system to transfer sewage effluent to the septic tank with a soakage pit of adequate capacity Divert natural rainfall runoff around site location Provide adequate storm water drainage capacity to prevent accumulation of stagnant water following heavy rains Build new willow v drainage lines as required for wastewater/rain water run off to the nearby recipient water body The presence of stagnant water is a factor of proliferation of potential disease vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, etc., and must be avoided and way from camp sites and the community. Site Restoration Backfill waste and sewage pits Consider seeding the area to provide an initial protective canopy Give prior notice to the laborer before demolishing their camps/units Maintain the noise levels within the national standards during demolition activities Reuse the camp material to the maximum extent. Dispose remaining debris at the designated waste disposal site. To restore the site to its original condition or to an agreed condition with the landowner defined prior to the commencement of the works (in writing). Dismantle and remove from the site all facilities established within the construction camp, including the perimeter fence and lockable gates at the completion of the construction work. Decommission and fill drinking water wells (unless otherwise arranged with the landowner) If possible, dismantle camps in phases as the work decreases (do not wait for completion of the entire work) Page | 55 3.3.4 Site Access As the existing Inspection and Non-Inspection paths of the channels are not accessible, therefore, the contractor will utilize the existing roads and Kacha (dirt road) routes to access all channel and construction sites. The contractor will be responsible to construct or make own arrangements to reach their work stations. The contractor will not use such routes which trespass the local community or settlement. The mobility and access of the community (residential/commercial) would not be restricted by the construction activities. The guidelines on site access and traffic management are provided in Appendix C (Table 4) will be followed accordingly by the contractor. 3.3.5 Storage of Materials The materials which to be stored at construction sites will include cement, sand, steel, crush and other chemical drums (i.e. Admixtures) etc. All these materials will be kept as per their nature or type and will store in separate compartments in accordance to their nature at each camp. The further ECOPs guideline on the storage of materials are provided in Appendix C (Table 13) will be implemented accordingly. 3.3.6 Waste Management & Disposal The main types of waste expected to be generated and requiring disposal include:  Waste generated during construction;  Fuel and oil;  Sewage;  Campsite waste;  Demolition waste;  Packing waste; and  Excess construction material. Domestic waste and construction waste will be the main types of waste generated from camps and construction activities. The following disposal techniques will be adopted 17: Table 3.7: Waste Management collection and disposal Techniques Activity Best Practice Generation of  Implement resource conservation, and encourage staff (through training) to reduce waste, Construction waste reuse waste and recycle waste wherever possible Disposal of bio-  Collect all bio-degradable domestic camp waste and dispose of at the designated landfill area degradable domestic or compost area waste Disposal of non-  Dispose off in landfill or at approved waste disposal site biodegradable waste  Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances (see (non-recyclable) NEQS) Disposal of recyclable  Sell recyclable waste to local vendors waste Generation of sanitary  Provide latrines at all camps waste  Prohibit staff from fouling the site 17 EIA & MP-WSIP Page | 56 Activity Best Practice Collection of domestic  Provide garbage bins, at a radius of the 50ft for the collection of domestic camp waste waste  Arrange for regular collection of camp waste and transfer to a storage area / disposal  Collect non-biodegradable waste separately and dispose of at licensed waste disposal area  Enforce use of garbage bins and prevent littering of the site Disposal of sanitary  Treat sanitary waste with septic tanks at main camps waste  Dispose of sanitary waste through burial at temporary and sub camps Incineration of waste on  Provide fire extinguishers on the burn site site  Do use burn on site when surrounding vegetation is dry and combustible  Do not burn materials such as plastics and polyethylene which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances Generation of  Reduce construction waste by reusing waste as a fill material (prior to testing to confirm construction waste suitability of material) Siting landfill  Site landfill in an area where ground water is low  If possible and their base of landfill is highly permeable, line landfill base with an impervious layer (such as clay) to prevent ground water contamination from leachate.  Locate 500m away from residences  Provide fences and secure landfill area to prevent unauthorized access Collection of  Collect construction waste separately to domestic waste construction waste  Collect and remove all construction waste from the project area Disposal of construction  Reuse material as fill material or sell to local vendors waste  Sell or reuse gates removed from structures  Treat construction wastes water and dispose of after treatment  Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances Disposal of packaging  Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practical  Recycle or incinerate in burn pit or incinerator  Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances Disposal of medical  Incineration at nearby hospital (or equivalent facility) waste Disposal of hazardous  Handover to specialized and certified disposal contractor waste Further details on the best practices of waste management and disposal are provided in Appendix C (Table 1). Page | 57 4 Environmental Baseline This baseline chapter provide the details of physical and biological environment in the project channel locations. 4.1 Physical Environment 4.1.1 Water Resources There is a rich tradition of water rights and local water management in the project area. Local people provide considerable insights. The line Departments normally consult the local people while developing water management and development plans and take advantage of best water management practices followed by the local people. Watershed management is almost a neglected area and hardly given any priority. The reasons for lack of integration of watershed management as a part of water development schemes are: a) inability of the Forestry Department to demonstrate cost-effective ways of implementing watershed management practices; b) failure in linking watershed management with livelihood generation; and c) lack of development of watershed landscaping to develop sustainable models for livelihood generation and reduced soil erosion resulting in reduced sediment inflows to the reservoir. The specific needs of water and watershed management can be assessed using a basin approach and at the level of a valley. The major task for the Irrigation Department is to work with the local people to reach consensus on the nature of the problem, and to get their assistance in solving it. The Indus Basin canal irrigation contributes 85% (12.274 billion m3) of the available water resources in the Nari River Basin. The groundwater recharge in this basin is around 0.874 billion m3 or 6% of the total resource. The total water available outside the Indus basin, surface water constitutes around 60% and the groundwater contributes rest of the 40%. Table 4.1: Distribution of Water Nari Canal System S. No. Name of Channel Share in Cusec 1. Agriculture Sibi 1.66 2. Luni 6.64 3. Gulu Shaher 6.64 4. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 3.32 5. Khajjak 26.57 6. Usman 1.66 7. Bakhra Shahkar Khan 3.32 8. Safi Dost Muhammad 3.32 9. Kurak Branch 9.96 10. Water Supply 1.66 11. Beef Center 1.66 12. Municipal Minor 6.64 13. Railway 1.66 14. Sibi Branch 13.70 Page | 58 Figure 4.1:Distribution of Water Nari System Figure 4.2:Sibi Branch Channel 4.1.2 Water Quality (Surface and Ground Water) The Nari River Basin feeds water to its integrated channels in accordance to the distribution of the water Nari Canal system. The peoples of the surrounding villages and Sibi City often use surface water for domestic and irrigation purpose. A lot of water for agriculture crop production and drinking purposes is also withdraw from ground water sources, but surface water is considered as a major source. Due to the degradation of Rangeland and erosion the Nari River basins have lost considerable ability to recharge groundwater. During the baseline study, 08 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels (04 SW & 04 GW samples from each channel). These samples were examined for physical, biological and chemical parameters and accordingly were compared with the NDWQs. During the comparison, it is assessed that total coliform, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, mercury, potassium, nitrite, iron, ammonia levels were found above the permissible limit in both (SW & GW) samples due to non-availability of sanitation system, and direct discharge of sewerage waste into channels which has deteriorated surface water quality, and ground water quality through continuous leaching. The results of various parameters found high of ground water samples are presented in the table below. Table 4.2: Ground Water Quality Sample Results S.No Parameters NSDWQ Upstream Downstream Limits/Units (tail end) Luni Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 180 185 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 65 70 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 18 20 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 mg/l 17.4 17.4 Potassium 10 mg/l 39.16 39.54 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 1.40 1.40 Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 0.09 0.09 Page | 59 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.001 0.001 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 370 375 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 140 150 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 60 70 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 19.14 1.16 Potassium 10 mg/l 39.27 40.01 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 1.36 1.36 Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 0.07 0.07 During the survey conducted by the district management of Sibi City it was found that, the 80% population has access to one or more improved water source of which, piped water (64%) constitutes the major source followed by tube wells or bore holes (7%) and protected dug well (4%). Whereas, other minor improved sources include: public standpipe (2%) and rainwater collection (1%) The major unimproved sources are the surface water (15%), Tanker trucks (2%) and approximately 1% of unimproved water source belonged to other categories. Drinking water from improved sources is vulnerable to contaminations at various stages from source to final use. Therefore, there is an immense need to carry out water quality testing for bacteriological and chemical contamination in drinking water sources18. The results and the comparison of surface water quality are shown in table below. Table 4.3: Surface Water Quality Results Parameters NSDWQ Upstream Downstream Limits/Units (Tail end) Luni Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 500 530 Faecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 201 310 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 110 130 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 mg/l 46.8 46.9 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.9 43.9 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.2 2.2 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.003 0.003 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 420 400 Faecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 300 320 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 100 120 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 44.9 45.3 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.6 44.6 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.8 2.9 Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 1.09 1.09 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.004 0.004 4.1.3 Ambient Air Quality The 24 hrs monitoring of ambient air quality for specific sub-project channels has been carried out at 03 locations. The pollutants monitored were sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, total suspended particulate, particulate matter (PM10), and lead. The results of these pollutant concentrations were compared with NEQs and WHO limit. The finding and the comparison showed that the pollutant concentrations are below the permissible limit which reflects that the ambient air quality is very good, as there is no industrial activity or heavy traffic passing by the sub-project locations. The only major source 18 District management profile-Sibi City Page | 60 of pollutants is from the minor traffic from the villages, crossing through the sub-project area, resulting in localized peaks in emissions. However, the level of particulate matter (PM10) was found above the NEQs permissible at Sibi city which is due to the movement of various traffic in the Sibi City. To maintain the air quality, the ECOP on management of Air Quality provided in Appendix F.6 will be followed by the contractor, in addition, focus on water sprinkling will be made for dust suppression during construction stage. The finding of each location is provided in below table. Table 4.4: Ambient Air Quality Minimum Maximum Average NEQs Limit WHO Limits191 Pollutants Parameters µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 Sibi City Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 19.7 31.0 24.1 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 Nitric Oxide 4.0 10.06 6.1 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides (NO2) 20.3 30.5 24.9 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1.4 2.0 1.5 5 mg/m3 Not Available Total Suspended 412 412 413 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 163 163 163 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead (PB) 00 00 00 1.5 µg/m3 Not Available Near Luni Channel Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 14.1 33.8 24.7 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 Nitric Oxide 6.6 11.9 8.6 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides (NO2) 20.3 36.5 24.5 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1.4 2.0 1.6 5 mg/m3 Not Available Total Suspended 420 420 420 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 140 140 140 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead 00 00 00 1.5 µg/m3 Not Available Near Nari Gorge Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 19.7 39.5 Weir 26.7 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 Nitric Oxide 2.6 11.9 7.7 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides (NO2) 20.3 28.4 22.5 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) 1.8 2.3 2.2 5 mg/m3 Not Available Total Suspended 388 388 388 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 139 139 139 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead 00 00 00 1.5 µg/m3 Not Available 119 IFC-EHS Guidelines (Ambient Air Quality, table 1.1.1),2007 Page | 61 Figure 4.3: Ambient Air Monitoring Locations 4.1.4 Noise Level The 24hrs of monitoring of noise level was carried out separately at three locations (Sibi City, Luni Channel and Near Nari Gorge Weir). Similarly, to the result of ambient air quality monitoring, there is a direct correlation between noise levels and the volume of traffic passing at sub-project channels. The minimum noise level recorded was 30.0 dB and whereas, maximum noise level was recorded 48 dB. The results of noise measurement at the monitoring sites are summarized in the following table: Page | 60 Table 4.5: Noise Levels Locations Minimum Maximum Average WHO Limits dB dB dB Sibi city 40 47 43.7 55 dB (Day Time Luni Channel 30.0 48.0 39.4 and 45 dB Night Near Nari Gorge Weir 34.0 48.0 41.1 time) 4.1.5 Climate The climate of the sub-project area, generally elevated at 190-363 m above sea level, is arid. It can be placed in “hot summer and cool winter” sub-tropical region. The summer is hot and lasts long with mean temperatures ranging from 40°C to 49C. June is the hottest month when mean maximum temperatures exceed 49C. The winter is cold and shorter than summer. It lasts for about 5 months (November- March)19. Table 4.6: Climatic Conditions Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Record 33.2 33.4 41.1 47.0 51.0 52.0 51.7 48.5 46.1 (115) 43.9 40.0 34.0 high °C (91.8) (92.1) (106) (116.6) (123.8) (125.6) (125.1) (119.3) (111) (104) (93.2) (°F) Average 22.7 25.0 30.9 37.7 43.5 46.0 42.9 41.1 39.8 37.0 30.5 24.5 high °C (72.9) (77) (87.6) (99.9) (110.3) (114.8) (109.2) (106) (103.6) (98.6) (86.9) (76.1) (°F) Daily 14.1 16.7 22.7 30.1 35.6 38.6 36.3 34.9 32.8 (91) 28.0 21.4 15.8 mean (57.4) (62.1) (72.9) (86.2) (96.1) (101.5) (97.3) (94.8) (82.4) (70.5) (60.4) °C (°F) Average 5.9 8.8 15.0 22.1 27.7 30.8 29.9 29.1 26.2 19.3 12.4 7.0 (44.6) low °C (42.6) (47.8) (59) (71.8) (81.9) (87.4) (85.8) (84.4) (79.2) (66.7) (54.3) (°F) Record 0.0 (32) 1.0 3.8 12.2 18.0 23.0 20.6 19.7 15.6 10.0 4.0 0.6 (33.1) low °C (33.8) (38.8) (54) (64.4) (73.4) (69.1) (67.5) (60.1) (50) (39.2) (°F) Average 6.9 9.9 24.7 14.9 2.4 6.0 35.6 30.3 7.7 1.1 1.5 3.3 (0.13) precipita (0.272) (0.39) (0.972) (0.587) (0.094) (0.236) (1.402) (1.193) (0.303) (0.043) 0.059) tion mm (inches) During the baseline monitoring, the data on temperature and humidity level were collected from the sub- project channels sites. The means levels of these are provided in the table below. Table 4.7: Average Temperature and Humidity Level Locations Average Temperature Average Humidity oC % Sibi city 19.58 35.83 Near Luni Channel 22.41 36.95 19 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibi Page | 61 Near Nari Gorge Weir Location 19.58 35.83 4.1.6 Geo-physical Layout The basin covers around 20 percent of Balochistan, making it the largest river basin in the province and hydrologically the most endowed river basin. About 61% of the river flow occur during the months of July and August. This water sometimes causes severe flood-like situations in the downstream areas of the river basin, causing severe loss of property and livestock 20. The water accumulated in the Kachhi plains during floods could damage the Pat Feeder canal of the Indus, which is in the command of Sindh and Balochistan provinces. The Ruds River in the north joins the Loralai tributary to become the Beji River; the confluence of the Beji and the Khost forms the Nari River that outfalls to Hamal Lake in Sindh province and from thence to Manchar Lake. 4.1.7 Topography The Sibi District consists of a perfectly level plain, lying respectively at the apex and base of Kachhi (Bolan). The remainder of the district area is mountainous, rising in a series of terraces from the lower hills of the Sulaiman Range. These hills include Zen (3,625 feet) in the Bugti Country, and Bambor (4,890 feet) and Dungan with Butur (about 6,000 feet) in the Marri Country. The NRB topography is quite complex and entails lateral variations in contemporaneous sedimentation. The alluvial deposits in the central and lower parts of the valleys consist of layers of clay, gravel, silt, sand or an admixture of these materials. The unconsolidated deposits occur in the form of beds, layers, lenses or irregular bodies. The piedmont areas have coarser materials and are poorly assorted. Thickness of alluvium varies from valley to valley depending on the size of the valley, its geological and historical evolution and may be as high as 150 m in some places. Sedimentary rocks dominate the province, ranging in age from Triassic to recent Pleistocene. Parts of the province have older volcanic rocks inter-bedded with the sedimentary rocks and largely composed of well-jointed and fractured limestone, sandstones, and conglomerates21. 4.1.8 Floods Severe monsoon rains in the sub-project catchment area triggers floods of a heavy scale, both in terms of volume and amount of land flooded. Despite the forecasts, rainfall, heavy downpours begin in mid-August, engulfing the entire district causing damage to crops, infrastructure and human settlements. An indirect loss such as damage to crops due to uncontrolled flooding and disruption of irrigation supplies, water- logging of agricultural land was reported. There have been instances of heavy rains and floods happening in the district, but the June/ July 2007 floods created havoc throughout the district, resulting in deaths and injuries, loss of houses, crops, livestock, livelihoods and infrastructure damage. During the floods of 2016, Bhakra Ghulam Bolak channel was impacted. Spate irrigation comprises of two small-scale systems, which are designed to command 1500 acres (608 ha) and to control floods in wet years so that these do not affect the perennial canal system. The floods of different return periods at the structures are calculated and summarized in Table below. 20 Environmental Assessment BIWRMD 21 EA-BIWRMD Page | 62 Table 4.8: The peak inflows Floods S. No Name of dispersal Catchment Area Discharge in Cusec at Different Return Structure (km2) Periods 25 50 100 200 1 Arrand FWS 51.0 89 93 133 154 2 Bori FWS 29.4 60 76 92 109 Figure 4.4:Spate Irrigation System (Bori and Arrand) 4.1.9 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Sites While there are archaeological and cultural heritage site in the sub-project area22.These all known archeological exists beyond the corridor of impact and Engineering activities. The location map of archaeological and cultural heritage site is given below. 22 Balochistan is one of the richest historical cities having number of classic cities. Sibi is one of the warmest historical cities of Balochistan province. Sibi was captured by British rule in 1941 and got its name from Sandemanabad. This name was followed by Robert Sandman British army officer who worked really very hard to form Sibi almost current architecture and system. In the same way there were different historical places built by the British government in Sibi too, one of them is Queen Victoria’s Memorial Hall, built in 1903 which is located at the center point of Sibi City. The people of this province valued that hall and named as Jirga Hall. The Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ail Jinnah also presided over the annual Darbar at Sibi as the first Governor General of Pakistan. This Jirga Hall (Victoria Hall) is now converted into a museum which is known as Sibi Museum. It includes the archaeological sites of Pirak, Nasshero and Mehrgarh. All these archeological and cultural heritage sites. Page | 63 Figure 4.5: Location map of archaeological and cultural heritage site 4.2 Biological Environment This section of ESMP provides the brief information on the Biological aspects (i.e. Mammals, avi-Fauna, reptiles and amphibians), land use, habitat type, sensitive areas present in the sub-project area. 4.2.1 Land Pattern at Sub-Project Channel Sites Different type of land use exists beyond the RoW of the sub-project channels (Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak) such as; agricultural, land barren land, tree thickets, grassland, shrubs herbs and grass mix along the water channels, tree covers. The inspection and non-inspection paths (IP & NIP) of these two channels are not motorable due to dense vegetation covers and non-availability of embankments (IP/NIP). The only way to reach at different location of channel site is by walking. Vegetation along the paths mainly includes the trees planted as avenue plantations and invaders naturalized or introduced / established due to lack of proper maintenance. The most common tree species are Acacia nilotica (Babul), Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham), Zizyphus nummularia (Ber), Tamarix aphylla (Farash), Albizzia lebbek (Black Siris), Albizzia procera (White Siris), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Eucalyptus sp. Page | 64 Besides the planted trees on channel sites, other vegetation naturally growing in the channel sites was also observed. The different type of vegetation cover recorded are; A lernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, Euphorbia caducifolia (Thuar), Cordial rothii (Liar), H. curassavieum, H. europeum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica, T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk). Figure 4.6:Dense vegetation cover along the Bakhra Ghulam Figure 4.7:Different type of vegetation in the sub-project Bolak Channel area Other Vegetation Zones Various vegetation zone exits covered with a variety of vegetation. At foothills and mountains, vegetation includes are trees/ shrubs like Prosopis cineraria (Kandi), Salvadora oleoides (Peelu), Zizyphus mauritiana (Ber), and Calotropis procera (Aak). Whereas, on hills adjoining Harnai district, Jangli Zaitoon (Olea ferruginea) and Mazri (Nannorrhops ritchieana) are also found. At plains (Pats) vegetation mainly comprises of shrubs like Tamarix troupii, Suaeda fruiticosa, and Capparis decidua; the main grass species is Panicum antidotale. While in river areas and nullahs, vegetation mainly comprises of trees/ shrubs like Tamarix dioica, Populus euphratica, and Acacia nilotic; the main grasses are Saccharum munja, Typha angustifolia and Panicum antidotale. 4.2.2 Notified Forest There are six (06) Notified forests, declared as forest by Forest and Wildlife Department, GoB. These are named as; Nari Bank, Bakhra, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehphal, Abduallah Kheli and all are conserved as a State Forest (Government Owned), and requires permit for clearance by the forest and wildlife department, GoB, under the BWPPCM Act 2015. These all are located 5 to 15 Km distance away from the sub-project channel sites, as given in Figure 4.8; and outside the corridor of impact and engineering intervention, but within the sub-project region. In total, these forests are measured to be 8,920 hectares23. The some of these forests have been entirely encroached by the community as an agriculture land, while some portion of forests are under the control of forest and agriculture department. The location of these forests is shown in map below. Page | 65 Table 4.9: Details of Forest S.No Name of forest Area Hectors Status 1 Nari Bank 496 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 2 Bakhra 683 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 3 Lehri 173 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 4 Gulu Shahr 293 About 120 ha transferred to Agriculture Department and the remaining is under the control of Forest Department 5 Dehpal 647 The entire area is under the control of Forest Department 6 Abdullah Khail 80 Partially encroached Figure 4.8: Notified Forest by Forest Department in Sibi City, GoB 23 District development profile 2011, Balochistan Forest & Wildlife department Page | 66 4.3 Fauna The details of faunal species along with their conservation status, preferred habitat and global threats are discussed in this section. 4.3.1 Protected Areas A reintroduction of extinct Chinkara Deer, the Forest & Wildlife Department has developed a deer breeding facility on 200 acres with the cooperation of Member Provincial Assembly, Mir Bakhtiar Khan Domki, which is a good conservation example of Public Private Partnership. This conservation exists beyond the corridor of impact and engineering activities and approx. 19 km away from the sub-project location. The location map of sensitive area is shown in Figure below. Figure 4.9:Deer Breeding Facility 4.3.2 Conservation Status of Fauna This section provides the brief information about the fauna present in the sub-project area. The Key species within the sub-project identified in the sub-project area are classified according to the following criteria.  Listed as Least Concern, Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered, Extinct in Wild Life, in the IUCN Red List.  Listed as protected species in the Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014 (BWPPCM). Page | 67 4.3.2.1 Mammals The mammals identified/ reported in the sub-project area are listed below. These are also classified in accordance with the IUCN list and Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014. Table 4.10: List of Mammals IUCN Status in Survey Literature Common S.No Scientific Name conservation BWPPCM Act, Field/Public Review Name Status 2014 Consultation Chinkara Protected X 1 Gazella bennettii Not Assessed Gazella Indian/Bengal X 2 Vulpes bengalensis Protected Fox Least Concern X 3 Desert Fox Vulpes vulpes Protected Least Concern X 4 Asiatic Jackal Canis aureus Not Listed Least Concern X X 5 Jungle Cat Felis chaus Protected Least Concern Sus scrofa X 6 Wild Boar Not Listed domesticus Least Concern X X Five Stripped 7 Funambulus Not Listed Palm Squirrel Not Assessed pennant Indian Crested X X 8 Hystrix indica Not Listed Porcupine Least Concern 9 Indian Gerbil Tatera Indica Least Concern Not Listed X X Indian Desert X X 10 Meriones hurrionae Not Listed Grebil Least Concern X X 11 Cape Hare Lepus capensis Not Protected Least Concern Long-eared Hemiechinus X 12 Not Listed Hedgehog auritus Least Concern Balochistan X X 13 Gerbillus nanus Not Listed Gerbil Least Concern X X 14 House Mouse Mus musculus Not Listed Least Concern X X 15 House Rat Rattus Not Listed Least Concern Small Indian Herpestes X X 16 Not Listed Mongoose javanicus Least Concern Indian Grey Herpestes X 17 Not Listed Mongoose edwardsii Least Concern Little Indian X 18 Mus booduga Not Listed Field Mouse Least Concern Afghan mole Ellobius X 19 Not Listed vole fuscocapillus Least Concern Rufescent Ochotona X 20 Least Concern Not Listed Pika rufescens 4.3.2.2 Key Species The following species are protected under the Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014. The subproject area does not fall in any of the wildlife habitat and does not cause any harmful impacts directly and indirectly. The sub project area are mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. The following main species are reported from the Sibi area.  Chinkara Gazella (Gazella bennettii) Page | 68  Jungle Cat (Felis chaus)  Desert Fox (Vulpes Vulpes)  Indian/Bengal Fox (Vulpes bengalensis) 4.3.2.3 Avi-Fauna The details of the birds identified during the survey and literature review are given below. It also provides the details of avi-fauna species which are reported from the project area with respect to status in BWPPCM Act 2014 and IUCN red list. Page | 69 Table 4.11: List of Avi-Fauna Protected under IUCN Survey Literature Occurrence Habitat S. No Species BWPPCM Act, 2014 Classification Field/Public Review Consultation Resident Migrant Little Grebe ---- Least Concern X X X Terrestrial, and Fresh 1. (Tachybaptus ruficollis) water Little Cormorant ------ Least Concern X X Estuary river or steam 2. (Phalacrocorax niger) Black-Crowned Protected Least Concern X X X Terrestrial; Night Heron Freshwater 3. (Nycticorax nycticorax) Indian Pond Heron Protected Least Concern X X Paddy fields and 4. (Ardeola grayii) rivers streams Eurasian Griffon Vulture Protected Least Concern X X Terrestrial 5. (Gyps fulvus) Greter Spotted Eagle Protected Vulnerable X Terrestrial, tall trees 6. and fresh water (Aquila clanga) Red-wattled Lapwing ------- Least Concern X X X near fresh or brackish 7. (vanellus indicus) water: rivers, forests ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial sparse White-tailed Lapwing vegetation, vegetated 8. (Chettusia leucura) areas near fresh water Little Stint (Calidris ------- Least Concern X X Terrestrial; 9. minuta) Freshwater Houbara bustard ------ Vulnerable X X Terrestrial densely 10. (Chlamydotis vegetated bush- macqueenii) steppe Indian River Tern ------ Near X X terrestrial; 11. (Sterna aurantia) Threatened Freshwater; Rock dorve Pigeon ------ Least Concern X X X Terrestrial, dense 12. (Columba livia) vegetative tree thicket Indian Collared Dove ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial scattered 13. (Streptopelia decaocto) trees ------ Least Concern X X X Terrestrial; Little Brown Dove Freshwater 14. (Streptopelia cultivation, trees (but senegalensis) not forests) Rose-ringed Parakeet ------ Least Concern X X 15. Woodland, farmland, (Psittacula krameri) tree thickets Page | 70 ------- Least Concern X X Terrestrial; sparse Crested Lark (Galerida 16. vegetation cover and cristata) dry cultivations ------- Least Concern X X Terrestrial; Common Swallow 17. Freshwater; dry (Hirundo rustica) grass, straw ------ Least Concern X X X Terrestrial; Yellow Wagtail 18. Freshwater low (Motacilla flava) vegetation ------ Least Concern X X X Terrestrial; White Wagtail (Motacilla Freshwater non- 19. alba) forested wet and dry habitats, ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial; Freshwater dense Blue-throat (Luscinia 20. vegetation with svecica) patches of open ground. ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial; Open Pied Bush-chat terrain with some low 21. (Saxicola caprata) to mid-height vegetation ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial; scant Eastern Pied Wheatear 22. vegetation, grassy (Oenanthe picata) areas Cattle Egret (Bubulcus Protected Least Concern X X X Fresh water rice- 23. fields forested areas ibis) Little Egret (Egretta Protected Least Concern X X X Rivers, streams, 24. irrigation canals garzetta) Protected Not Assessed X X X River Great White Egret 25. margins, drainage (Casmerodius alba) ditches Black-shouldered Kite Protected Least Concern X X Forested areas, 26. trees or reed beds (Elanus caeruleus) ------ X X Terrestrial; Cettis Warbler (Cettia 27. Freshwater; dense cetti) vegetation covers Plain leaf Warbler ------ Least Concern X X Tree thickets 28. (Phylloscopus vegetative covers neglectus) Page | 71 ----- Least Concern X X Preferred variety of habitat variety i of Wite-throatedFantail 29. habitats i.e. (Rhipidura albicollis ) agriculture land and urban environment Common Babbler ------ Not Assessed X X Terrestrial Vegetation 30. (Turdoides caudatus) cover, tree thickets Jangle Babbler ----- Not Assessed X X Terrestrial Vegetation 31. cover, tree thickets (Turdoides striatus) ------ Least Concern X X Observed near Purple Sunbird 32. flowering shrubs and (Nectarinia asiatica) trees. Great Grey Shrike ------ Least Concern X X Terrestrial; 33. Freshwater (Lanius excubitor) ----- Least Concern X X Terrestrial; dense Black Drongo (Dicrurus 34. vegetative cover macrocercus Indian House crow ----- Least Concern X X X Tree thickets, urban 35. (Corvus splendens) areas Protected Least Concern X X X Terrestrial; Marine Common Starling typically in woodland 36. (Sturnus vulgaris) or on man-made structure ----- Least Concern X X Terrestrial; urban Common Myna 37. areas and suburban (Acridotheres tristis) environments Bank Myna (Acridothres ----- Least Concern X X Terrestrial Habitat is 38. cultivated farmland ginginianus) Indian House Sparrow ----- Least Concern X X X terrestrial habitats 39. (Passer domesticus) Common Kestrel (Falco Protected Least Concern X X Partially forested 40. tinnunculus) habitat and terrestrial Indian Grey Partridge Protected Least Concern X X Terrestrial i.e. low 41. (Francolinus grass covered ground pondicerianus) Page | 72 From the above listed avi-fauna species, the following table provides the list of Key species which are protected in BWPPCM Act, 2014 and classified as vulnerable and near threatened in in IUCN red list. Table 4.12: List of Key Avi-Fauna Species Protected under BWPPCM Act, 2014 IUCN Classification The Following bird’s species are protected in BWPPCM Act 2014 Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii) Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus)  Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga)-Vulnerable Greter Spotted Eagle (Aquila change)  Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii)- Vulnerable Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) Little Egret (Egretta garzetta)  Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia)-Near Threatened Great whilte egret (Casmerodius alba) Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus) Common starling (sturnus vulgaris) Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) Indian grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerian) 4.3.2.4 Reptile and Amphibians The following reptile and amphibians were reported during the ecological surveys. Table 4.13: List of Reptiles and Amphibian S. English Name Scientific Status in Protected in Field Literature No Name IUCN Red BWPPCM Survey/Public Review List Act, 2014 Consultation Spotted Indian Hemidactylus Not No X X 1. House Gecko brookii Assessed Yellow Bellied Hemidactylus Not No X 2. House Gecko flaviviridis Assessed Sindh Sand Crossobamon Not No X 3. Gecko orientalis Assessed Pakistan Ribbon Psammophis Not No X 4. Snake leithii Assessed Glossy Bellied Coluber Not No X 5. Racer ventromaculatus Assessed Eastern Diadem Spalerosophis Not No X 6. Snake diadema Assessed Saw scaled Echis carinatus Not No X 7. Viper Assessed Garden Lizard Calotes Not No X 8. versicolor Assessed Spotted Ground Trapelus Least No X X 9. Agama ruderatua Concern Brilliant Agama Trapelus agilis Not No X 10. Assessed Page | 73 Indian Desert Varanus griseus Not No X X 11. Monitor Assessed Indian Monitor Varanus Least Protected X X 12. bengalensis concern Indian Fringed Acanthodactylus Least No X 13. Toed Sand cantoris concern Lizard Indian Sand Ophiomorus Not No X 14. Swimmer tridactylus Assessed Indian Spiny- Uromastyx Not No X X 15. tailed Lizard hardwickii Assessed Gecko, Tropioclotes Not No X 16. Mountain Dwarf depressus Assessed Tortoise Afghan Testudo Vulnerable Yes X 17. horsfieldii Northern wolf Lycodon striatus Least No X 18. snake Concern Marbled toad Bufo stomaticus Least No X 19. Concern Skittering frog Euphlyctis Least No X 20. cyanophlyctis Concern The following table provides details the key reptiles and amphibians protected by BWPPCM Act 2014 and status in IUCN red list: Table 4.14: List of Key Reptiles and Amphibians Status BWPPCM, 2014 Status in IUCN Red List The following are identified protected:  Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii)-  Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) Vulnerable  Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii) Page | 74 5 Socio-Economic Baseline 5.1 General During the preparation of the SIAMP in 2016, a detailed socio-economic baseline study was conducted of Nari Gorge sub-project. The socio-economic baseline in the SIAMP document provides detailed socioeconomic results. In the specific areas survey for the preparation of this ESMP for Bakhra Ghulam Bolak & Luni Channels, socio-economic baseline sample survey was conducted in February 2018 following certain socio-economic parameters. The sample size was 15% of total households. In Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, 13 households out of a total of 85 were surveyed. In Luni, 15 household out of a total of 97 were surveyed. 5.2 Language Sindhi and Balochi languages are spoken by the community at Luni channel. Communities living on Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channel use Balochi language for the main mode of communication. Urdu language is also spoken by most of the communities on both channels. 5.3 Education Facilities Both communities reported that better quality and adequate educational facilities for both boys and girls is only available in Sibi city. The details of available education facilities for both boys and girls at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels are given in the table below. Table 5.1: Educational Facilities Educational Institute Gender Village Name Primary Middle High College Luni 0 0 1 0 Boys Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 1 1 1 0 Luni 1 0 1 0 Girls Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 2 0 0 0 5.4 Health Facilities There is one functional regional health facility at Luni village; however, this is in very in bad condition. At Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village there is only a basic health unit. The health facilities in both these villages suffers due to lack of facilities and availability of medical personnel (lady doctor etc). These facilities can only provide minor health treatments to patients. In case of emergency and serious health care needs patients have to be transported to Sibi District Headquarter Hospital or then to Quetta. Page | 75 Table 5.2: Health Facilities Basic Homeopathic Midwifes/Lady Name of Village Hospital Health Dispensary Medical Store Clinic Health Visitors Unit Luni 1 0 0 0 1 0 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 0 1 0 0 1 0 5.5 Water Supply and Sanitation At both Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak villages water supply systems are available and functional; however, the condition of water supply schemes is extremely poor and needs to be improved. Due to non-availability of alternative water sources villagers use ground water for drinking and other domestic needs. There is no sewerage and sanitation system in both the villages. 5.6 Communication Telephone landline facility does not exist in these two villages. However, mobile network services are available in these two channel areas. All the houses are connected to the national grid for electricity supply for domestic as well as agricultural use. Natural piped gas supply is only available at Luni Village. In Bakhra Village residents use LPG cylinders, gasoline, and fire wood for domestic needs. 5.7 Means of Transport The villages in the sub - project channel are located 10-15 km away from Sibi city. The community travels to district headquarter town in mini buses, Qinchi rickshaws and pickups. Individuals in the community often use their own source of transport (mainly motorbikes). Link roads of these two villages up to Sibi are motorable; however, they are in poor condition and in need of rehabilitation. 5.8 Social Conflicts There are no reported tribal conflicts in the project area. 5.9 Household Information 5.9.1 Number of Household and Population The socio-economic baseline survey reveals that the overall population is 6200 belonging to 775 households. The details are illustrated in the following table: Table 5.3: Number of Household and Total Population Name of Channel Number of Household Total Population Luni Channel 490 3920 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel 285 2280 Page | 76 5.9.2 Age of Respondents The respondents for the socioeconomic baseline survey are classified in accordance with their age groups as detailed in the table below. The survey reveals that 10.71% of respondents are between 21-30 years, 39% are between 31-40 years, 25 % are between 41-50 years, and 21.42% are between 51-60 years. Table 5.4: Age of the Respondents Responds’ Age Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village (in %) Luni Village (in %) Cumulative (%) < 20 00 00 00 21- 30 15.38 6.66 10.71 31- 40 38.46 40 39 41 – 50 30.76 20 25 51 – 60 15.38 26.66 21.42 61 – 70 00 00 00 > 71 00 00 00 5.9.3 Religion 100% of the population is Muslim. 5.9.4 Respondent’s Relationship with Head of Household In both sub-project channels, 75% of the respondents or heads of households were personally available for an interview while 25% of respondent were sons. 5.9.5 Education Level of Respondents The socioeconomic baseline survey reveals that 28.57% of respondents are uneducated, 17.81% have primary and secondary level of education, 21.42% have high school level qualifications, and 14.25% have university level education. The details are illustrated in the following table. Table 5.5: Education Level Luni Channel Cumulative Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Education Levels (%) Uneducated 38.46 20 28.57 Primary (up to 5 Years) 23 13.33 17.81 Secondary (up to 10 years) 23 13.33 17.81 High School (up to 12 Years) 7.6 33.33 21.42 University 7.6 20 14.25 5.9.6 Settlement of Respondents There are no migrants or settlers from other parts of Balochistan. All the respondents were local and from the sub-project area. Page | 77 5.9.7 Family Size The survey data reveals that the average family size in: 21.42 % households is 1-5 persons; 39.20% households is 5-10 persons; 28.57% households is 10-15 persons; and, 10.71% households is 15 & above persons. Table 5.6: Average Family Size Family Size Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (%) Luni (%) Cumulative (%) 1 to 5 30.76 13.33 21.42 5 to 10 38.46 40 39.20 10 to 15 30 26.6 28.57 15 & above 00 20 10.71 5.9.8 Family System Approximately 77% of the community in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and 86.6% of the community in Luni live in joint family arrangements. In the joint family system, the eldest male member takes care of all the family members and is the final decision-making authority particularly for issues regarding the public domain. This system also provides social security for family members during periods of individual un-employment and financial crisis. These communities believe that the joint family system is a more economical way of living as they often work together on the same land and are able to share their joint incomes to support the entire family, including elderly relatives who are unable to work. Table 5.7: Family System Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Luni (%) Cumulative (%) Family System (%) Nuclear 23 13.33 17.8 Joint 77 86.6 82.14 5.9.9 Marriage Residents of these areas prefer marriages within families. The trend of marriage outside the family but within the same tribe is also increasing. The percentage of marriages inside and outside the families is presented below: Table 5.8: Marriages Marriage System Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (%) Luni (%) Cumulative (%) Outside family marriage 08 11 14.3 Inside family marriage 92 89 85.7 5.9.10 Health problems The most common diseases in these village include typhoid, hepatitis B & C, diarrhoea, and malaria. These diseases largely occur due to unhygienic living conditions, lack of sanitation and safe drinking water facilities, malnutrition, and lack of ready access to proper healthcare, including preventive healthcare, facilities. Page | 78 5.10 Money Lending As reported during the baseline, capital is not borrowed from banks for agricultural purposes. Instead, agricultural inputs (seeds, fertilizers etc.) are taken on loan from middle men or artis. 5.11 Common Needs to Visit Nearest City Family members visit the nearest city for various purposes. 28.57% family members visit the nearest city to meet relatives, 10.71% for business purposes, 28.57% for educational purposes, and 7.14% visit for health services. Table 5.9: Purposes of Visit to Nearest City Purpose of Visit Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Luni (%) Cumulative (%) (%) Family relations 30.76 26.6 28.57 Marketing/Business/Trade 00 20 10.71 Education 46.15 13.33 28.57 Health 00 13.33 7.14 Others 23 26.6 25 5.12 Livestock The average number and type of livestock owned in both villages are given in the following table: Table 5.10: Average No& Type of Livestock Ownership Livestock Ownership Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (Avg./HH) Luni (Avg./HH) No. of Buffalos 01 05 No. of cows 6 11 No. of Goats 46 37 No. of sheep 00 00 No. of oxen 00 01 No. of calves 10 02 No. of donkeys 00 00 No. of horses 00 00 No. of chicken 99 18 5.12.1 Cost of Livestock The average cost of livestock commonly found in the area is given in the following table. Table 5.11: Average cost of Livestock Livestock Average Cost/Unit (PKR) Buffalo 90,000 Cow 75,000 Goats 7500 Sheep 12000 Oxen 100,000 Chicken 500 Calves 40,000 Page | 79 5.12.2 Source of Fodder Farmers meet their livestock grazing needs from the nearest rangeland. In addition, fodder is also cultivated on agricultural land. Farmers do not purchase fodder from the market. 5.12.3 Source of Livelihood and Income The baseline survey indicates that agriculture in the primary source of income of both villages. Households in Luni have much higher incomes from agriculture (majority incomes ranging between Rs. 175,000 to Rs. 350,000) as compared to those in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (majority incomes ranging between Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 50,000). Most households also have secondary sources of income including livestock, transport, business, and, salaried employment. All households earn between Rs. 10, 000 to Rs. 50,000 from secondary sources of income. 5.13 Agricultural Tools and Farm Machinery Different type of equipment is available to individual farmers. Some farmers only own one type of equipment while others own a variety of machinery. Table 5.12: Type of Agriculture Tools and Farm Machinery Type of Equipment Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (%) Luni (%) Cumulative (%) Plough for oxen 00 00 00 Plough for tractor 33 50 43.75 Tractor 33 70 43.75 Spray Machine 100 70 81.25 Trolley for tractor 16 60 43.75 Thresher 16 37.5 5.14 Commonly Used Agriculture Inputs The average agricultural expenses per acre, including seed, fertilizer, pesticide, ploughing and harvesting costs, is 19,450 rupees. Table 5.13: Estimated Expenses per Year per Acre Items Expenses/Acre Ploughing 3500 Seeds 10,000 Urea DAP 1450 DAP 1,625 Pesticides 3500 5.15 Seasonal Earnings from Crops During the baseline survey, the following average seasonal earnings in rupees per acre were reported in the sub-project channels: Table 5.14: Average Seasonal Earnings per acre Season Average Seasonal Earning/Acre (PKR) Rabi 45,000 Page | 80 Kharif 30,000 5.16 Agricultural land holding and cropping pattern Tenancy is not common at sub-project channels. In Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 97% of the land is cultivated by owners, while 3% is tenant operated. In Luni 40% of the land is cultivated by land owners themselves, and 60% is let to tenants. The lands in the project area are fertile and farmers grow cotton, sorghum and vegetables during the Kharif season (April to November) and wheat, pulses, lentils and vegetables during Rabi season (April to October). 5.17 Anticipated Losses due to the Sub-project The losses (land, structures, trees etc.) due to the proposed sub-project development are estimated in the following table. However, it is important to note that agriculture is the main source of income for all households and they will be benefitting from the improvement and rehabilitation of water channels and water courses which constitute community infrastructure. As such, therefore, the community will have net benefit and no long-term loss with irreversible impacts. Table 5.15: Anticipate Losses due to the Sub-project Anticipation Common Result of both Villages Loss of Residence No Loss of cultivated land Yes (5 acres approximately in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak area) Loss of trees Yes24 Loss of Livelihood No Loss of Other infrastructure No 5.18 Housing The baseline survey reveals that houses are owned by the community members and there is no household residing in a rented house. 5.18.1 Average Number of Rooms The number of rooms owned by the target communities in the project area is: 1-5 in 32.14% homes, 5-10 in 53.57% homes, 10 and above in 14.28% homes. The details are given in the following table. Table 5.16: Ownership of Rooms Room Ownership Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (%) Luni (%) Cumulative (%) 1 to 5 rooms 30.76 32.14 32.14 5 to 10 rooms 69.23 40 53.57 10 and above 00 26.66 14.28 5.18.2 Pit Latrines and toilets In both sub-project areas, 100% houses have toilets; however, these are not connected to a proper sanitation system. 24 See section 6.2.6 Page | 81 5.18.3 Type of housing In both villages, 17.85% houses are pucca (brick and concrete construction), 35.71% are semi pucca, and, 46.42% houses are katcha (mud-houses). Table 5.17: Type of Houses Type of House Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (in %) Luni (in %) Cumulative % Pucca 00 33.3 17.85 Semi pucca 30.76 40 35.71 Katcha 69.23 26.6 46.42 Wood 00 00 00 5.18.4 Residential Plot Size The baseline survey reveals that the plot size in the sub-project area is between: 2500 ft. to 3500 sq. ft. in 21.42% households; 3600 ft. to 5000 sq. ft. in 25% households; and above 5000 sq. ft. in 53.57 households. Table 5.18: Residential Plot Size Plot Size in Sq. ft. (Approximately) Bakhra Ghulam Bolak (in %) Luni (in %) Cumulative % 2500 to 3500 7.69 33.33 21.42 3600 to 5000 23 26.66 25 5000 & Above 69.23 40 53.57 5.19 Land ownership The land ownership pattern in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni includes communal and individually owned land. The baseline survey indicates that sale of land is not common practice in this area. In instances where land is sold or transferred the record is formally maintained with the revenue department. 5.20 Community Based Organization (CBOs) and NGOs At the Sibi district level, two national NGOs are active: Balochistan Rural Support Program (BRSP) is working on the malaria control program; and, Saiban is working on health sector issues. 5.21 Customary Institutions The tribal system exists at both channels. At Bhakra Ghulam Bolak the tribes are Rind and Raisani whereas in Luni channel area, the Sardar Khel tribe governs the area. 5.22 Local Government and Administration Local level elected representatives are active in the sub-project areas. In both Bhakra Ghulam Bolak and Luni, two union council chairmen along with other elected councillors work on local or union level development. District level development activities are the mandate of the district council which is headed by the Chairman District Council. Page | 82 The local level district (Sibi) bureaucracy consists of the Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner (DC), Additional Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner, revenue officers, and officers in-charge of line departments. Law and order is the responsibility of the police and levies25 force. 5.23 Law and Order Situation The law and order situation in Sibi district, including the sub-project channels, is normal and under the control of the district administration and law enforcement agencies (police and levies). 5.24 Community Cultural Properties There is one grave yard and mosque in Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village. There are two mosques, one grave yard and a community hall in Luni village. These cultural properties do not fall in the channel alignment area or RoW of any of the scheme area. 5.25 Community Awareness about Sub-project Works Both the communities of these two villages are aware about the proposed sub-project works and implementation schedule. This awareness was provided during repeated cycles of public consultations by the project staff. 5.26 Community Demands During public consultations and baseline data collection activities on both sub-project channels, basic priority needs of the communities were determined. These are as follows:  jobs under the sub-project  proper sewerage and water supply system  natural gas  properly paved access roads Further details are available in the section on stakeholder consultations. 25 TheLevies are a paramilitary force responsible for law and order in areas classified as “B” areas of Balochistan. These are mostly rural and/or remote areas, often having strong tribal institutions. Most of Balochistan is encompassed in this category Page | 83 6 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures 6.1 Overview This Chapter assesses the impacts on the environment (physical and biological) and social aspects of the sub-project channels of Nari Gorge integrated schemes. It determines the significance of impacts and recommends mitigation measures to be implemented by the contractor during the execution phase of the sub-project. 6.1.1 Screening of Environmental and Social Impacts As part of the environmental and social impact assessment process, a screening matrix focusing on environmental and social impacts is developed specifically for the proposed sub-project. The matrix examined the interaction of project activities with various components of the environment and of society. The impacts were broadly classified as physical, biological and social. Each of these broad categories was further divided into different aspects. The potential impacts thus predicted were characterized as:  Adverse Impacts  Moderate Adverse Impacts  No Adverse Impacts  Highly Positive Impacts  Moderately Positive Impact  Low Positive Appropriate mitigation measures are recommended in this chapter. These measures are set in place to reduce the occurrence or possibility and severity of potential adverse impacts. 6.1.2 Impact Characterization Once potentially adverse impacts were identified, they were characterized as follows:  Nature: Direct/Indirect  Duration of impact: Short term (less than 5 years of project), Medium term (5 to 15 years) and long term (15 Years and above)  Reversibility of impact: Reversible/Irreversible  Likelihood of impact: Certain, Likely, Unlikely, Rare  Consequence of impact: Severe, Moderate, Mild/Minor. 6.1.3 Impact Assessment and Mitigation An impact assessment was completed based on the impact characterization above. All the attributes of an impact, particularly the likelihood of occurrence and consequence severity, were used to assess the impact either as ‘high’, ‘medium’, or of ‘low’ significance. Each environmental and social impact identified during the screening stage was assessed according to this criterion. Page | 84 6.1.4 Determination of Mitigation Measures Following the impact characterization and assessment, appropriate mitigation measures were identified. These measures are set in place to minimize, if not eliminate, the adverse impacts associated with sub- project activities. 6.1.5 Assessment of Residual Impacts Mitigation measures cannot always eliminate the adverse impacts associated with project activities. In many cases, there are residual impacts even after the implementation of mitigation measures. The final step of the entire impact assessment process is to determine the residual impact. These residual impacts are monitored during project implementation and it is ensured that they become insignificant. 6.2 Environmental Impacts 6.2.1 Air Quality A decline in the ambient air quality within the vicinity of works is expected during the construction phase activities. The machinery, equipment, diesel generators, operation of batching plant and project vehicles will be used for movement of people and construction activities such as excavation, leveling, filling of earth material etc. Due to these activities release of exhaust emissions, containing carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NO X), and particulate matter (PM) is expected, which can deteriorate the ambient air quality in the sub-project site and access roads. Furthermore, vehicular movement on unpaved tracks or katcha routes may also cause fugitive dust emissions. The impact has been characterized and given table below. Table 6.1: Impact Characterization-Air Quality Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium 6.2.1.1 Mitigations Ambient air quality analysis of the sub-project area has been carried-out to know the baseline data before the execution of the sub-project. The existing prevailing conditions of ambient air is provided in section 4.1.3. The following mitigations will be used to minimize the impact.  Contractor camps will be established at least 500 m from communities.  The construction machinery, generators, all equipment’s and vehicles will be kept in good working condition and properly tuned, to minimize the exhaust emissions. The exhaust emissions will comply with the NEQS.  Fugitive dust emissions will be minimized by continuous water sprinkling/water spraying on soil.  The sub-project vehicles will avoid passing through the communities and cultivation fields as far as possible. If unavoidable, speed will be reduced to 15 km/h to avoid excessive dust emissions.  While working within or near the communities for works such as construction of new alignments and or structures, coordination with the communities will be maintained to minimize any detrimental impacts on the crops, settlements or cultural values.  Any area taken for haulage will be taken with the permission of farmers and with a commitment to pay due compensation accordingly.  Diesel generation should be fitted with aquostic enclosure and stack of appropriate height for the proper dispersion of emission Page | 85 The minimum generator stack height and clearance from existing structures will be as defined in the following figure. Figure 6.1:Minimum Generator Stack Height and Clearance 26 HG= H+1.5L Where: HG==Stack height measured from ground level H= Height of existing nearby structures above ground level at stack L= lesser dimension of h or w h= Height of existing nearby structures w= Width of existing nearby structures 6.2.1.2 Residual Impact Because of the proposed works, an increase in the levels of PM, SO2, NOx and CO will result in the degradation of ambient air quality. Through the implementation of the mitigations detailed above, the concentrations of these parameters will not exceed the NEQS, reducing the impact magnitude to Low Adverse Impact in the short term, reducing to neutral following completion of works. 6.2.2 Dust The potential for dust emissions in the sub-project area will be increased due to clearance of vegetation, earth works within the COI prior to embankment raising works and the construction of structures. This will be exacerbated due to the running of vehicles on the earthen routes vegetation clearance. Dust will also be produced by vehicles running on earthen haul routes between the embankments and katcha routes. The erosion of open storage piles (aggregate, fill etc) will also result in an increase in dust in the sub-project area, as will the operation of batching plant. 26 Source: IFC General Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines Page | 86 The first stage of the dust emission assessment involves the identification of construction activities which have the potential to cause dust emissions and the degree of that potential. The following table identifies work activities, the likelihood and consequence of potential dust emissions (low, medium, high) and the expected duration of such emissions. Table 6.2: Potential for Dust Emissions by Works Activity Stage Description Potential Dust Likelihood Duration Consequence Emitting Activities Setup of works Construction of Vegetation Likely Short term Minor contractor’s clearance camps Excavation works Transport of materials Vehicle Movement Roads and Infrastructure Installation of new Excavation works, Certain Short term Minor tracks /access to placing of hard core borrow areas as fill. required. Repairs Transport of to existing IP and materials NIP to ensure Re-suspension of access dust on un-surfaced roads Site clearance and Clearing land and Earthmoving Certain Short term Minor earthworks borrow pits Excavation of material from canal Disposal of spoil Embankment works Storage and transport of materials Access to site Transport of Heavy and light Likely Short term Moderate materials and vehicles using un- personnel to and surfaced access around site roads and IP/NIP causing re- suspension of dust Construction/rehabilitation Construction of Concrete Certain Short term Moderate of structures regulators. batching/mixture Construction of machines temporary and Transport of permanent materials facilities (staff and Storage of materials office Preparation of accommodation, materials (cutting workshops, etc.) storage, security walls etc.) Decommissioning Demolition, site Earthmoving Certain Short term Minor clearance Excavation Transport of materials Re-suspension of dust on un-surfaced roads The impact has been characterized in the following table. Page | 87 Table 6.3: Impact Characterization-Dust Generation Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium Adverse 6.2.2.1 Mitigations  Water bowsers will be used to sprinkle water till the extent of earthwork, and haulage routes to reduce dust emissions resulting from vehicles passing along these un-surfaced routes. This will be the main mitigation during the project duration.  Water sprinkling should be focused on access routes near the villages. Hard-core fill be used to repair the kacha routes to make them accessible to heavy vehicles will also reduce the impact as the larger fill material has a lower dust raising potential. Vehicle speeds will also be limited to 15km/hr. These actions will reduce the dust raising potential of these long running activities, and if effectively implemented, this will reduce the impact magnitude to minor.  The contractor will be required to submit a traffic management plan which identifies the proposed access and haulage routes and will be prohibited from using any routes other than those specified in the traffic management plan.  The contractor will be required to minimize double handling of material during earthworks operations for the embankment strengthening and channel lining.  The contractor will be prohibited from vegetation clearance beyond the RoW.  Materials delivered to site, such as cement, loose material, sand or aggregates will be transported in covered truck.  Water sprinkling will be carried out at material stockpiles where dust is generated 6.2.2.2 Residual Impact By applying above mitigations, the impact significance will reduce to Low Adverse Impact for the duration of the works, reducing to neutral following the completion of work. 6.2.3 Occupational Health and Safety During the implementation phase of the subproject, construction activities will include various activities such as; construction of contractor camps, operations on channel lining, installation of a batching plant, earthworks, movement of various heavy machines (lorries and dumpers) and manual handling during loading unloading operation, as result of these works there will be a direct impact on the health and safety of all staffs working in sub-project. The potential effects that can occur during the construction activities are: Table 6.4: Activities and Potential Impact Activity Potential Impact (in Worst Case) Earthworks Ill health due to dust or injury/death following accident caused due to poor visibility Use of hazardous substances Ill health/injury/death from improper handling Manual handling Injury from improper lifting Working in vicinity of heavy plant Injury/ill health due to high noise or emissions Inhabitation of construction camp Ill health due to poor quality or unhygienic camps General site works Injury from slips and trips Working at height Injury/death from fall during the construction of contractor’s camps, installation of batching plant. Page | 88 Activity Potential Impact (in Worst Case) Operation of heavy construction Injury/death plant/machinery Movement of vehicles and plant Injury/death from traffic accidents The health and safety impact has been characterized as follows: Table 6.5: Impact Characterization- Health and Safety Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Severe High Adverse 6.2.3.1 Mitigations The contractor will also employ a safety officer who will have day to day responsibility for health and safety at each work site. He must prepare and identify:  Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements – including details of emergency evacuation of labor following a life-threatening accident to the nearest hospitals  Provision of security  The contractor will prepare a Health and Safety Plan which is relevant to his chosen methodology.  Identification of potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life threatening  Provision of preventative and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances  Training of workers  Documentation and reporting of occupational accidents, diseases and incidents.  Provision of supply of personal protective equipment will also be mandatory for all staffs and visitors. In additions the following arrangement will be made:  Adequate lighting and electricity supply  Fire prevention and firefighting equipment  Sheltered kitchen area (separated from living quarters)  Proper ventilation facility with availability of electric fans  Pedestrian routes segregated from vehicular traffic routes  An adequate number of toilets and sanitary fittings (1 toilet, 1 hand wash basin, 1 bathroom with bench per 10 persons to be provided) located no greater than 60m from dormitories.  Floor to ceiling partitions within sanitary facility buildings for privacy  Lined washing areas  Safe and reliable water supplied from tube wells that meet the national standards  A minimum area of 4m² and one bed per person resident in a camp dormitory  Camp building with a minimum height of 2.1m  Appropriate protection against heat, cold, damp, noise, fire and disease-carrying animals, in particular insects.  Float finished, plain cement washable floor for easy cleaning throughout camp buildings.  Provision of mosquito nets  Locks to doors and windows on camps  Regular cleaning throughout camps  Laundry facilities Page | 89  In-house community/common entertainment facilities for foreign staff. Dependence of local entertainment outlets by foreign staff is to be discouraged.  Drinking water  First aid kits The contractor will be required to comply with the IFC and EBRD guidance note on Workers’ accommodation: processes and standards27, which will be incorporated into the contract documents. This guidance note covers the following standards:  Sanitary and toilet facilities  Canteens and cooking  General living facilities  Dormitory facilities  Nutrition and food safety  Medical facilities  Leisure, social and telecommunication facilities The details of IFC guidelines on occupational health and safety are given below: Table 6.6: IFC guidelines on OHS S.No IFC Guidelines Best Practice 1 Structures, surfaces and installations should Surfaces (including flooring and work surfaces) in camps, be easy to clean and maintain, and not allow kitchens, dining areas and workshops should be solid and for accumulation of hazardous compounds easy to clean. Flooring for work camps must be float finished concrete or better. 2 Buildings should be structurally safe, provide Contractor’s staff accommodation must be structurally sound appropriate protection against the climate, and and provided with lighting and ventilation. Accommodation have acceptable light and noise conditions must be situated at least 25m from the nearest generator 3 Floors should be level, even, and non-skid As for #1 4 Work place structures should be designed and Contractor’s staff accommodation must be located such that it constructed to withstand the expected is not at risk from flooding elements for the region and have an area designated for safe refuge, if appropriate 5 The work space provided for each worker, and The Contractor will submit to the Engineer for approval a site in total, should be adequate for safe execution layout plan, identifying work areas, accommodation, kitchen, of all activities, including transport and interim dining area, sanitary facilities, location of generators, plant and storage of materials and products vehicle parking, transport routes through the camp, pedestrian routes through the camp, evacuation routes, emergency exits, batching plants, storage areas, waste facilities etc. 6 Passages to emergency exits should be Evacuation routes to be unobstructed at all times. At least two unobstructed at all times. There should be a emergency exits to be provided from each building and the minimum of two exits from any work area camp itself. 7 Equipping facilities with fire detectors, alarm Fire extinguishers should be provided throughout camps and systems and fire-fighting equipment. The work sites. Fire extinguishers should be inspected monthly and equipment should be maintained in good maintained as necessary working order and be readily accessible. 8 Adequate lavatory facilities (toilets and Separate latrines and washing facilities for males and females washing areas) should be provided for the with total isolation by wall or by location will be provided. number of people expected to work. -27 Available at: http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/about/history/workers.pdf Page | 90 S.No IFC Guidelines Best Practice Allowances should be made for segregated Female toilets should be clearly marked in language facilities, or indicating whether the toilet facility understood by those using them to avoid miscommunication is “In Use” or “Vacant” Suitable and sufficient washing facilities, including showers, will be provided or made available at readily accessible places within the immediate vicinity of every sanitary facility. Washing facilities will include a supply of clean running water, soap or other suitable means of cleaning and towels or other suitable means of drying. Rooms containing washing facilities will be sufficiently ventilated and lit and kept in a clean and orderly condition 9 Where workers may be exposed to As for #8 substances poisonous by ingestion and skin contamination may occur, facilities for showering and changing into and out of street and work clothes should be provided 10 Adequate supplies of potable drinking water An adequate and reliable supply of safe drinking water will be should be provided from a fountain with an made available at readily accessible and suitable places upward jet or with a sanitary means of including at all camps. collecting the water for the purposes of The Contractor will take samples from each supply of drinking drinking. Water supplied to areas of food water and arrange for these to be samples to be tested at a preparation or for personal hygiene (washing licenced laboratory prior to its use by the Contractor’s staff. or bathing) should meet drinking water quality The results of these tests for each supply must be submitted to standards the Engineer and must demonstrate that each water supply meets national and World Health Organisation standards for drinking water. 11 Where there is potential for exposure to The Contractor will provide and maintain adequate hygienic substances poisonous by ingestion, suitable kitchens which are sheltered and separated from the living arrangements are to be made for provision of quarters. Kitchens will include raised and washable surfaces clean eating areas where workers are not suitable for food preparation. The Contractor will provide and exposed to the hazardous or noxious maintain adequate hygienic dining areas for staff. substances 12 Workplaces should, to the degree feasible, Work places and camps should be provided with both natural receive natural light and be supplemented with and artificial light. Artificial lighting should be powered by sufficient artificial illumination to promote generator in the event of power cuts. workers’ safety and health, and enable safe equipment operation. Supplemental ‘task lighting’ may be required where specific visual acuity requirements should be met. Emergency lighting of adequate intensity should be installed and automatically activated upon failure of the principal artificial light source to ensure safe shut-down, evacuation, etc. 13 Passageways for pedestrians and vehicles Pedestrian and vehicle routes are to be included in site layout within and outside buildings should be plans to be submitted to the Engineer for approval segregated and provide for easy, safe, and appropriate access 14 The employer should ensure that qualified A qualified doctor will be appointed on site and adequately first-aid can be provided at all times. equipped and properly staffed portable first aid stations or Appropriately equipped first-aid stations dispensaries will be provided by the Contractor at camps and should be easily accessible throughout the other strategic locations, to administer first aid treatment at any place of work time required and free of charge to all persons on the Site, including personnel of the Engineer and the Employer. The nature, number and location of facilities furnished and the Contractor's staff for administering first-aid treatment will, as a minimum, meet the requirements of the Health Service of the Government of Pakistan. Dispensaries should be adequately stocked with medicines. Page | 91 S.No IFC Guidelines Best Practice The doctor will be registered to practice in Pakistan with the PMDC (Pakistan Medical and Dental Council). 6.2.3.2 Residual Impact After the implementation of above mitigations, the impact significance will reduce to medium (adverse) for the duration of the works, however, will become neutral after the completion of work. 6.2.4 Noise and Vibration Noise and vibration will be created because of the construction works near the village’s areas. The main impacts will be from increased traffic along haulage routes, operation of batching plant, operation diesel generator. The duration of the impact will be short terms and will occur, when the work is carried out near the settlement villages. The existing noise levels in the sub-project area are below the permissible provided in NEQs. The noise levels of equipment’s and machinery is given in the table below28 . Table 6.7: Noise Levels of Equipment/Machinery Equipment/Machinery Noise Level (dB) Generator <85 Bull Dozer 96 Roller 90 Grader <85 Truck 96 Concrete Mixer <85 Concrete Pump <85 The impact characterization of noise and vibrations is evaluated as follows: Table 6.8: -Impact Characterization- Noise and Vibration Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Minor Low adverse 6.2.4.1 Mitigations  The contractors working hours will be limited to between 7 am and 7 p.m., six days a week to reduce disturbance.  Movement of all sub-project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within the work areas.  The Community Liaison Officer will notify affected people and communities prior to undertaking, especially noisy work activities and prior to any noise event outside of daylight hours.  The contractor will keep in place any acoustic guards, covers and doors provided on plant, generators and vehicles and maintain all in accordance with manufacturer’s maintenance procedures to ensure good working order. 28 Construction Noise, Workers Compensation Board of British Columbia Page | 92  The pressure horns will not be allowed while passing through or near communities in the sub-project area.  The contractor will train the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise levels. 6.2.4.2 Residual Impact Following the implementation of these mitigations, the impact will reduce to neutral in short term and following completion of the works. 6.2.5 Improved Irrigation System The construction of structures and lining of channels to be carried out under this sub-project will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of irrigation water distribution within the command area of the Nari Gorge System and as a result will improve the reliability and equity of irrigation flow and ultimate user satisfaction. The Perennial irrigation system is to be remodeled to increase the cropped area from 6,990 to 17,840 ha by reducing application losses in un-levelled fields and water conveyance. The two small-scale spate irrigation systems are designed to command 608 ha and control flood waters in wet years, so that the perennial canal system is not affected. Designed with a cropping intensity of 133%, the perennial irrigation command will provide a cropped area of 23,726 ha and the spate irrigation system with cropping intensity of 100% will provide a cultivated area of 608 ha. Thus, the total cultivated area will reach 24,334 ha. The availability of perennial water is approximately 3.4 m3/s, which is enough to provide irrigation to around 17,840 ha of command area using a cropping intensity of 133%. The average floodwater has been assessed for the two small-scale spate irrigation systems, which is around 1.8 million m 3. A design command area of 607 ha is taken so that in the wet year all floodwater can be utilized without affecting the canal irrigation system. To ensure consistent flow of water to the downstream side, temporary diversion will be constructed, in phases and as required along the length of the channel, during channel lining and widening works. Due to the construction of temporary diversions with same water holding capacity, water availability to downstream side will not be effected in any season. However, water quality in the project area is already depleted, but there is a risk that water quality will be further deteriorated due to various pollution events and risks are further discussed and mitigated in section 6.2.7 This benefit will either be direct, through the construction of channels and replacement of new structures, or indirectly due to the remodeled profile of canals reducing the issues of sedimentation in tail end water courses. It will benefit all canals of taking sub-channels well as their off-takes. Table 6.9: Impact Characterization- Improved Irrigation Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Long Term Irreversible Certain Severe Highly Beneficial Positive 6.2.5.1 Residual Impact The impact significance of the intended outcome/benefits of the sub-project - is judged to be highly positive in the long term. Page | 93 6.2.6 Loss of Vegetation and Trees Vegetation and trees on the existing embankments will need to be removed for purposes of jungle clearance and the widening and lining of channel works. All the trees on the embankments (IP/NIP) belongs to the irrigation department, and a total of 270 trees are expected to be felled at Luni channel. A strip of approximately of 8m (26ft) will need to be cleared from the area adjacent to the existing outer toe of the embankments to allow construction of new, wider and higher, set back embankments on both sides of the channels. At Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, required land for the new alignment of the channel will be cleared after harvesting. The cleared vegetation material may be reused to backfill the borrow area or abandoned portion, or to close temporary diversions. Table 6.10: Branch wise number No. and Kind of Name of Canal Kandi Trees Keeker Mulki Bakhra Ghulam Bolak No Trees No Trees Luni 138 132 Total 138+132= 270 1200 Table 6.11: Impact Characterization-Loss of Vegetation and Trees Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium (Adverse) 6.2.6.1 Mitigation  The community was consulted about the expected removal of trees to avoid anticipated frustration among the local community. They were also informed about the replacement tree plantation measures (Five trees for one tree felled)  Clearing of natural vegetation and cutting of trees will be minimized as far as possible during the channel lining and embankment raising works.  Five (05) trees of each tree felled will be planted. A total of 1,350 new trees will be planted and new trees will be planted as linear plantation at the inspection and non-inspection path (embankments) of channels, locations from where the trees have been cut and on empty patches of both channels. The contractor along with PSIA will jointly identify tree plantation areas and shall be made part of the Contractor Tree Plantation Plan.  The construction crew will be provided with LPG for cooking (and heating, if required) purposes. Use of fuel wood will not be allowed.  No fires will be allowed in the open.  The contractor will clearly mark each tree that needs to be removed with a cross on all four sides using a highly visible paint. The marking will be located at approximately 4.5 feet from the base of the tree.  The contractor will prepare an inventory of all trees to be cut. The inventory will include the following details for each tree: – Reference number – Location – Species – Girth – Approximate height – Photograph of tree  The contractor will submit the inventory to the Engineer and PMU, and no tree cutting will be permitted until written approval is received from the Engineer.An inventory of trees felled by the contractor during Page | 94 the execution of works will be maintained throughout the construction period. The contractor will minimize the number of trees to be cut, making careful and selective pruning where possible to reduce the need for removal.  The Engineer will only approve tree cutting where a complete tree inventory has been submitted to the Engineer detailing all trees included in the request. A joint visit between the Engineer and the Contractor (or their representatives) will be carried out to verify the inventory prior to approval.  Once the Contractor receives approval from the Engineer and PMU he can proceed to cut the sanctioned trees and will store them in a designated and secure storage area.  The Contractor will mark each cut section of a tree with a unique reference number that corresponds to a reference number given in the tree inventory.  The Contractor will maintain the tree inventory to include the number of cut sections of each tree and storage details of each section removed from the site. The tree inventory will be kept up-to-date and available to the Engineer at all times.  The contract for the works will include plantation of five times the number of mature trees that are cut during construction. A mature tree is defined as a tree with a girth greater than 0.15 m (six inches). The contractor will be responsible for aftercare of these trees  All trees to be replanted will be native species as they have the best chances for survival.  All the cut-down trees will handed over to irrigation department. 6.2.6.2 Residual Impact The potential impacts of the proposed project on natural vegetation and trees are expected to be moderate in nature. With the help of the afore-mentioned mitigation measures, these impacts are expected to reduce further. Significance of the residual impacts on the floral resources of the area is therefore expected to be ‘low’. 6.2.7 Surface and Ground Water Pollution Pollution to surface and ground water may occur for a range of pollution events. The impact due to the decline in the availability, as well as quality, of channel water will result in decline surface water quality ultimately declining agricultural productivity and drinking water supply for a vulnerable population. There will also be a risk of contamination to surface and ground water resulting from bad waste management in camps and construction sites, where it is expected that large quantities of solid waste will be generated construction sites. Wastes will include demolition material (concrete, masonry, steel gates and rubber seals) and debris from construction sites (excess aggregate, sand etc.). Improper disposal of domestic waste, food waste, sewage waste can result in contaminated leachate or runoff reaching the ground or surface water resources. Proper management of solid waste is also important because of the risk that improper solid waste handling and disposal poses to human health and environmental degradation. Delay in delivery of solid wastes to landfills (dump sites) results in nuisance and unpleasant odors, which attract flies and other disease vectors. Open solid waste dumps can also provide suitable breeding places for vermin and flies and other disease vectors and can also contain pathogenic micro-organisms. During the baseline sampling total coliform, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli, sulphate, potassium, ammonia, iron, mercury, nitrite level was found high in surface water sample, then the permissible limits of NDWQs. Page | 95 Table 6.12: Surface Water Quality Results Parameters NSDWQ Upstream Downstream Limits/Units (Tail end) Luni Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 500 530 Faecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 301 310 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 110 130 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 mg/l 46.8 46.9 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.9 43.9 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.2 2.2 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.003 0.003 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 420 400 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 300 320 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 100 120 Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 44.9 45.3 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.6 44.6 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.8 2.9 Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 1.09 1.09 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.004 0.004 The risk of leaks or spills is especially high in the main camp or any sub-camp. Contaminated ground water holds potential health hazards, if the contaminant reaches ground water aquifers which are exploited for drinking purposes. Risks of ground water contamination may also result from wastewater disposal in any of the camps. The quality of surface and ground is already depleted in these area and due to the unanticipated events, the impact of ground water and surface water contamination will be further felt most severely by those nearby who depend on ground water as their source of drinking water and domestic needs . Those at the highest risk are those located within the vicinity of any camp or work site, where spills of contaminants are more likely to occur. Table 6.13: Impact Characterization-Surface and Ground Water Pollution Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term Reversible Likely Moderate Medium Adverse 6.2.7.1 Mitigations  Contractor camp will not be located within 500 m of channels and community.  The contractor’s will submit its contractor environmental and social management plan which must include (camp layout and waste disposal system and obtain approval).  Vehicles will only be washed in designated areas within each camp site.  All fuel tanks and other hazardous material storage containers will be properly marked to highlight their contents. Hazardous material storage areas will include a concrete floor to prevent soil contamination in case of leaks or spills and be permanently covered. Hazardous material storage areas will be secured, and access will be controlled.  Fuel storage areas and generators will have secondary containment in the form of concrete or brick masonry bunds  Within the camp areas all solid wastes will be stored in the waste bins provided within the camp area and the waste disposed of regularly. The waste will be transported to disposal points in well maintained, designated and covered vehicles. Page | 96  The biodegradable domestic waste will be disposed of in temporary landfills established in the sub- project area or disposed of at municipal waste facilities where available.  Landfills will be sited at the main camp and in each sub-camp in areas where groundwater is low and, where the base of the landfill is highly permeable, the base will be lined with an impervious layer (such as clay) to prevent ground water contamination. The contractor will provide fences and secure landfills to prevent unauthorized access.  Medical wastes will be temporarily stored on site as a hazardous material and ultimately incinerated at a medical facility  A sewerage system will be constructed for disposal of the waste water from all staff and labor camps. The quality of the sewage water will be monitored on a quarterly basis against NEQS.  Refueling points will be provided with a concrete pad and bund, or drip trays will be used to prevent soil contamination in the event of leaks or spills.  The contractor will submit a plan for treatment using septic systems to PSIA during mobilization for approval. The plan must include designs or specifications demonstrating that the treatment rate of the system exceeds the loading rate, maintenance of the system, proposal for treatment and disposal of sludge from septic tanks. 6.2.7.2 Residual Impact By the implementation of above mitigations, impact reducing to insignificance, assuming best practice by the contractor, and will become neutral following completion of works. 6.2.8 Fauna The subproject area does not fall in any of the wildlife habitat and does not cause any harmful impacts directly and indirectly. There might be a risk to terrestrial key avi-fauna “Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia),-Near Threatened, Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii)-Vulnerable” during construction operation works, such as; struck by construction machinery (run over or struck by excavator bucket). While, there might be also a risk to key ground nesting birds shall be struck by the plant during works throughout the nesting season. This risk is not considered beyond the nesting period, as outside this period, the birds shall vacate the area before construction machinery approaches. There is also a potential risk to the terrestrial species of Afghan Tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii)- Vulnerable, which may struck by the construction machinery and excavation of its burrows resulting from excavation of temporary diversions, and to a lesser extent, farm land, throughout the sub-project channels. The sub project area are mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. While Illegal hunting and shooting of faunal species by working staff be possible. However there is no major adverse impacts related to operation phase, and impact will be of temporary nature. While there are no any critically endangered or endangered fauna species are present in the sub-project area. The proposed works will require the establishment of construction and labor camps which will generate construction; domestic, sanitary and hazardous wastes. This has some impacts to fauna. The greatest potential impacts result from uncontrolled waste disposal and include entanglement of fauna within solid waste and pollution of water sources due to improper disposal of waste. Table 6.14: Impact Characterization-Fauna Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term Reversible Likely Moderate Medium Adverse Page | 97 6.2.8.1 Mitigations  The contractor will train staff engaged in earthworks or vegetation clearance operations in the identification of the following species which are known to nest at ground level.  On identification of any nest, the contractor will immediately cease works in the area and inform the Engineer and PMU. The contractor will also erect a fence within 50ft of the nest and prohibit any works within this area until approved by the Engineer.  The contractor environment officer shall survey the construction site to eliminate the potential risk of any of the above fauna species prior to the construction works. Safe transfer of the nest and protection measures to be followed by the contractor, if is there any sighting of species in the construction area. Beside that the contractor will also submit the site habitat management plan with all mitigation measures.  The contractor will be prohibited from felling any tree which houses an active nest. Following identification and marking of trees to be cut, complete an inspection of those trees to be cut and identify any trees housing an active nest, being particularly vigilant in the identification of nests.  Should an active nest be identified, the contractor will be prohibited from felling the tree which houses this nest until PSIA and PIU assess that the nest is no longer in use.  There will be a ban on hunting, poaching or trapping built into each contract. The contractor’s staff will be required to sign a code of conduct prohibiting hunting, poaching or trapping.  Garbage will not be left in the open.  The project staff will not be allowed to indulge in any hunting or trapping activities.  In case any project activity is carried out in any protected area, a separate environmental study will be carried out in accordance with the Change Management.  The measures to prevent soil and water contamination will forestall any adverse impact on the faunal resources of the area. In case of any chance find procedure or any unanticipated impact to the sensitive areas or habitat location, the contractor will require preparing the alternative habitat management plan and implementing accordingly without any additional cost. The plan will document the presence of affected species, the land needs of the species that may be met on the development site and will recommend appropriate habitat management plans and other measures to protect the subject wildlife. 6.2.8.2 Residual Impact The potential impacts of the proposed project on the wildlife of the area are expected to be moderate in nature. By implementing these mitigation measures, anticipated impacts are expected to reduce further. The Significance of the residual impacts on the faunal resources of the area is therefore expected to be ‘low’. 6.2.9 Forest There are seven (7) Notified natural forests which include; Nari Bank, Bakhra, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehpal, Abdullah Kheli, and Thali, measuring as 8,920 hectares in total for details. No any work activities are proposed near to these notified forest, therefore, none of the forest will be harmed or disturb. 6.2.10 Protected or Sensitive Areas The reintroduction of extinct Chinkara Deer, the Forest & Wildlife Department have developed a deer breeding facility on 200 acres which is a good conservation example of Public Private Partnership. This conservation exists out-side of the corridor of impact therefore, there will be no any disturbance or impact Page | 98 to this species. One Game reserve area exists in Ziarat District, which is situated at upstream side of the Nari River Basin and 286 Km away from the sub-project works, therefore, there is no impact. Furthermore, all the engineering works will be carried out at the associated channels of Nari River Basin and will not have any impact to Hamal Lake and Manchar Lake and these both Lakes are also found outside the boundaries of Nari River Basin. 6.3 Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures 6.3.1 Possible Social and Economic Impacts Following are the potential positive social impacts of the sub-project:  No negative livelihood impact on any vulnerable groups (poor women, single women living alone, elderly, infirm or ill, orphans etc.)  No water rights at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village will be changed.  No economic displacement of local communities.  Reduced water losses  Water will reach the tail end of the channel benefiting tail end farmers.  Increase in skilled/unskilled jobs opportunities for area residents. 6.3.2 Impediment to Community Movement Both villages are in heavily cultivated areas. Community disturbance will potentially be created because of an increased volume of traffic expected within the sub-project area. This, in turn, will lead to congestion on transport routes causing delays to local traffic. The contractor will use existing main roads which are all used for transportation/communication purposes by the local communities. The main impact will arise due to the use of existing roads which pass through or are adjacent to major settlements. The impact characterization of community disturbance is given below: Table 6.15: Impact Characterization-Impediment to Community Movement Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Moderate Moderately Adverse 6.3.2.1 Mitigation Measures  The project has a grievance redressed mechanism in place to address community complaints and resolve these in a timely and effective manner.  Details of transport and medical treatment en-route are included.  A complaints register will be placed at the contractor’s, PIU and Engineers offices to address complaints.  Where appropriate, the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security matters will be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security.  The contractor’s traffic management plan will include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident due to construction works. Page | 99  The contractor for the works will be required to implement a traffic management plan to the approval of the Engineer and the Client to reduce stress on the transport system.  The contractor will also submit a training plan to the Engineer for approval – this plan will include training of drivers.  All drivers engaged by contractors must hold a valid license for the vehicles they are operating, and a speed limit of 15km/hr on site roads will be enforced.  The contractor will provide warning signage where access routes pass adjacent to settlements or schools.  The contractor will provide flag persons where construction plant and vehicles cross, or join, main roads in the sub-project area to ensure project traffic merges safely with public traffic. Signage and flag men are to be provided by the contractor to direct public traffic whenever it is necessary to partially close any public road (i.e. close one of two carriage ways).  Blockage of local roads and routes will be minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with the concerned communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) will be identified and advertised. 6.3.2.2 Impact Significance Through the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact significance will be reduced to low moderately adverse during construction phase, and neutral following completion of works. 6.3.3 Induced Economic Development during Construction The sub-project will potentially lead to economic development through direct and indirect investments in the area. Hiring of local labor will be prioritized and workers will benefit due to the availability of an additional source of income. These income, in turn, will hopefully lead to an increase in economic activity and contribute to local area economic development. Direct employment usually creates indirect employment (which results from increased business expenditure on goods and services including procurement of materials, equipment and services) and induced employment (employment generated in the local and regional economy by increased spending of direct, on site employees and indirect, supply chain, employees). Table 6.16: Impact Characterization and Induced Economic Development Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Positive 6.3.3.1 Impact Significance The impact significance is assessed to be highly positive in the short term, reducing to neutral following the conclusion of sub-project works. 6.3.4 Land Acquisition Approximately 5 acres of land are required for the construction of the new alignment, at eight different locations, of the Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channel. The 4.7 acres of land is cultivated, while 0.281 acres of land (Haji Ali Jan Raisani) is barren. In this regard, VLD process has been completed and details are provided in Appendix D. There will be no change in the alignment of Luni Channel; therefore, there are no permanent land needs. As per RPF guidelines, any temporary land needs for diversion structure will be met by the contractor in accordance with Section 3.2.1 and 3.2.3., and will be compensated accordingly. The size of permanent land required (in acres) is provided in table below: Page | 100 Table 6.17: Land Donation at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Land Size Sr. Name and father name of Width Village Community Clan Length Total (in No. Jum leader (In (in feet) Acre) feet) 1. Malik Shah Muhammad s/o Bakhra Ghulam Rind Mandwani 443 20 0.203 Karam Khan Bolak 2. Malik Abdullah s/o Abdul Gulloo Sheher Rind Mandwani 443 20 0.203 Ghani Ali Jan Raisani s/o Haji Mitri/Quetta Raisani Raisani 613 20 0.281 3. Nehal Khan Raisani 4. Sarfaraz s/o Ghulam Bakhra Shakar Rind Ghulam 1509.19 20 0.692 Hussain Khan Bolak 5. Riaz Ahmed s/o Muhammad Bakhra Shakar Rind Ghulam 2559.06 20 1.174 Azim Khan Bolak 6. Abdul Ghaffar s/o Jumma Bakhra Shakar Rind Ghulam 918.63 20 0.421 Khan Khan Bolak 7. Mewa Khan s/o H. Wash Dil Bakhra Ghulam Rind Ghulam 721.78 20 0.331 Bolak Bolak 8. Attai Khan s/o Jan Bakhra Ghulam Rind Ghulam 3687 20 1.692 Muhammad Bolak Bolak Total Land Required in Acres 5 approx The land needs and how these will be met has been determined keeping in view the final design and alignment along with Board of Revenue (BOR) cadastral record. The PMU/PSIA team obtained the cadastral record from the district revenue department office and calculated the land needs. As land needs are being met through VLD. Establis hed VLD protocols (specified in the project’s SIAMP) have been followed to ensure that the process remains transparent and genuinely voluntary. The documentation process was completed to record the following: • Ownership of land and evidence indicating the voluntary nature of the donation; • Appropriateness of the donation for the intended purpose • No encumbrances on the land • No negative livelihood impact on any vulnerable groups • No compensation to be paid  The owner gives up all claims on the land Several rounds of consultation led by Farmers Organization (FO), accompanied by the PMU social team, were held with community members in which the sub-project development and need for land through VLD process were explained. The agreement on VLD was done on stamp papers with due attestation by the Tehsil Revenue Officer (Tehsildar). This record would be sent to the Assistant and Deputy Commissioners Sibi. The copies of such agreements will also be provided to affected land owners and concerned FO. A record of VLD will be maintained in the PMU and concerned district/tehsil revenue office. All the activities would be monitored by the PMU social safeguards staff. The singed agreement between all stakeholders Page | 101 are provided in Appendix D. 6.3.5 Labor Influx Priority will be given to local area inhabitants for skilled and unskilled labor jobs. Majority of labor need will be met from the sub-project areas. The sub-project will also require skilled workers and these may be available from the community. It is anticipated that approximately 75% of the workforce will be from the sub- project area while some 25% of labor (skilled) would be hired from outside the sub-project area. This labor influx may have an impact on social norms, culture and economy of the area. Temporary employment within the area would contribute to a reduction in the local poverty level. Increased employment for area inhabitants will also result in an increase in the skill base of those employed on the sub-project. However, labor influx from outside the local community may result in a ‘squeeze’ on local resources. Most importantly, there may be behavior and practices which are not considered appropriate or socially acceptable by the community resulting in conflict between the local community and the contractor’s staff. Due to the influx of labor, there is a risk of potential gender based violence or sexual exploitations and abuse among women and children and other vulnerable population groups (poor women, single women living alone, elderly, infirm or ill, orphans etc). These can contributes to enduring physical and mental harm, while undercutting the ability of survivors, and often their families, to engage in meaningful, productive lives. Table 6.18: Impact Characterization- Labor Influx Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium Beneficial 6.3.5.1 Mitigation Measures  Priority will be given to locals for skilled and unskilled jobs.  Adequate training to migrant labor will be provided on cultural norms of local community.  The Contractor will employ a full time qualified Human Resource Officer for the project who is conversant with the Ministry of Labor and Manpower laws and their objectives related to:  Particularly to mitigate the risk of gender based violence, sexual exploitation and abuse.  Formulation of a progressive and dynamic Labor and Manpower Policy.  Human Resource Development, focus on education, training and skill development.  Respect for human rights, gender balance, eradication of child and bonded labor  Promotion of dignity of labor.  Promotion of social dialogue among the stake holders.  Coordination with the Provincial Governments, International Labor Organization and other international agencies.  The contractor will be required to provide workers with documented information of the norms and local culture to be followed.  Workers will also be provided easily understandable information, regarding their rights under national labor and employment law, rights related to hours of work, wages, overtime and compensation.  Educate and raise awareness among labors (contractor’s staff) on the civil, social and leg al rights of women, adolescents and children about risks of GBV and SEA, including case management support, health services, psychosocial support, police support and security, access to legal services, and shelter, if needed.  Culturally appropriate consultation mechanisms are followed by the contractor. Page | 102 6.3.6 Community Health and Safety As a result of the civil works and contractor camp siting there will be impacts to the health and safety of the local community. The potential impacts to the local communities will be traffic incidents/accidents due to collision with vehicle, physical injuries due to falls in excavated sites and bad housekeeping, health diseases (i.e. asthma, skin irritation, diarrhea, hepatitis B and C, and typhoid) due to decline in air quality, exposure to hazards material (ad-mixtures chemical), bad waste management and improper disposal of sewerage waste from camp sites. Table 6.19: Impact Characterization- Community Health and Safety Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Medium Adverse 6.3.6.1 Mitigation Measures All the work executed by or on behalf of the contractor (sub-contractor) in the performance of the work will be in accordance with this ESMP. The contractor will observe high standards of health and safety at all times and will, inter alia, comply with local laws and ensure strict adherence to the following:  The contractor will protect its workers and member of the community from excavations by ensuring appropriate barricading.  The contractor’s Health and Safety Plan should include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident resulting from the construction works. Details of transport and medical treatment en-route are to be included.  The contractor will not permit casual observers close to excavating operations or work areas.  The contractor will provide adequate fencing around the working areas and excavations  The contractor will prepare emergency shutdown procedures and evacuations to cover all staffs and affected members of the public in the event of any emergency incident (such as traffic accident and fire). The contractor will ensure emergency access routes are well-known and have appropriate signage.  Water sprinkling will be carried out to suppress dust.  Contractor will prepare pollution prevention and control plan to protect the member of the local community and will include: - Method of treatment and disposal of sanitary wastes. - Method for disposal of hazardous waste - Actions to be taken in the event of land and water based pollution events - Procedures for the collection and disposal of wastes, including domestic and construction waste 6.3.6.2 Impact Significance Following the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact will reduce to low adverse in the short term, reducing to neutral following completion of the works. 6.3.7 Disturbance to Community Mobility An increase in traffic is expected within the sub-project areas, resulting in disturbance in routine flows of traffic on the existing transport routes causing delays to local mobility. The contractor will utilize existing roads which are all used for transportation/communication by the local communities. The main impact will Page | 103 arise due to the use of existing roads which pass through or adjacent to major settlements. The impact characterization of community disturbance is given below: Table 6.20: Impact Characterization-Community Mobility Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Disturbance in Moderate Mobility 6.3.7.1 Mitigation Measures  A community Liaison Officer will be appointed by the contractor to address community mobility issues.  Route specific traffic management plan will be developed.  The contractor will locate its camps in which laborers will reside overnight, at least 500 m (16,25 ft.) away from communities to avoid social conflict in using the natural resources such as water or to avoid the possible adverse impacts of the construction camps on the surrounding communities, such as traffic noise.  The contractor for the works will be required to implement a traffic management plan to the approval of the Engineer and the Client to reduce stress on the transport system.  The contractor will also submit a training plan to the Engineer for approval – this plan must include training of drivers.  All drivers engaged by contractors must hold a valid license for the vehicle they are operating, and a speed limit of 15 km/hr on site roads will be enforced.  The contractor will provide warning signage where access routes pass adjacent to settlements or schools.  The contractor will provide flag persons where construction plant and vehicles cross, or join, main roads in the sub-project area to ensure project traffic merges safely with public traffic. Signage and flag men are to be provided by the contractor to direct public traffic whenever it is necessary to partially close any public road (i.e. close one of two carriage ways).  Blockage of local roads and routes will be minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with the affected communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) will be identified and advertised. 6.3.7.2 Residual Impact Through the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact significant will reduce to moderately adverse during construction. Following completion of works impact significance will reduce to neutral. 6.3.8 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Site There are no archaeological and cultural heritage site in the sub-project area. However, in the event of any discovery of an unidentified archaeological or cultural heritage site, the contractor will notify the site engineer who will make the required design changes. The following chance finds procedure will be implemented: On discovery of archaeological or cultural resources, the contractor will stop work in the area Page | 104 immediately. The Contractor will inform the PSIA and PMU of the discovery immediately. Immediately, the contractor will submit a brief report with photographs and a layout plan, identifying the location of the known resource to the PSIA and copy it to PMU. Thereafter, upon receipt of the report the environmental and social team of both PSIA and PMU will assess the value of the asset and recommend one of the following:  Destruction of the resource  Removal of resource for conservation  Change in design to avoid the resource  Seek advice from the Balochistan Archaeology Department, if required.  PSIA will prepare a brief report to submit to PMU, detailing the recommendations. In case of any chance find in terms of cultural heritage, the requisite Cultural Heritage Management Plan will be prepared and accordingly procedures will be followed. 6.3.9 Physical Resettlement The walk-through survey along with the channels revealed that the existing engineering design will not cause any physical resettlement or displacement of people/community for the construction of permanent alignment of diversion channels. Page | 105 7 Community and Stakeholders Consultation 7.1 General Consultation with stakeholders and community has become standard practice in the environmental and social assessment of development projects. The objective of public consultation is to ensure that the sub- project proponent should share relevant information about the project interventions and their potential environmental and social impacts with all stakeholders. Consultation is a two-way process by which the knowledge and views of affected persons, and other interested parties are considered for purposes of decision making. Information dissemination during public consultation by the project proponent or his representative is fundamental to meaningful consultation. Consultation sessions were held with different stakeholder groups who may be affected positively or negatively by the proposed project. The consultation process was carried out in accordance with the World Bank’s policy and guidelines. Consultations were conducted to:  Obtain feedback from primary stakeholders and community members (including women)  Obtain feedback from secondary stakeholders  Mobilize farmers for formation of Farmers' Organizations  Mobilize women for formation of Women Development Groups The purpose of the meetings with stakeholders was:  To inform the farmers about the overall objectives of the project and the scope of work involved in the execution of the sub-project.  To receive and document feedback and views of the stakeholders  To determine the needs of community members  To consult community member about the construction of contractor camp and other associated activities (influx of labor, construction activities, waste disposal sites)  Develop a schedule for future consultations  Formation of Farmers Organization (FO)  Walk-through surveys for identification and verification of affected landowners  Achieving an agreement with the Farmers on VLD following the formation of FOs. 7.2 Methodology for consultations Consultations at the sub-project channel level were done with both men and women. There have been two major rounds of consultations. The first phase was conducted during the preparation of the SIAMP by independent consultants. However, no consultations were done with women in this first round. The second phase of consultations was done in February 2018, and both men and women of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels were consulted during the preparation of the ESMP. During the first meeting of the February 2018 consultations, farmers and women community members expressed their willingness to participate in and cooperate for purposes of project implementation and execution of proposed works. Male farmers participated in walk-through surveys along the channels. During Page | 106 the walk-through surveys, farmers and land owners were shown the sub-project alignment and pieces of land required at specific locations. In a second round of meetings, farmers expressed their views about the sub-project interventions. Farmers Organizations and Women Development Groups were formed at each channel, and agreements for VLD were completed. Staff from the Project Management Unit, Independent Environmental Consultant and Project Supervision and Implementing Agency (PSIA) participated in the stakeholder consultations. The list and details of each consultation carried out at Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak are provided below. 7.2.1 Details and Location of Consultation Meeting The list of attendees of each meeting is provided in Appendix E. (E.1) Table 7.1: Location and Date of Consultative meeting S. No. Location of meeting Date 1. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village 13-02-18 2. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village 14-02-18 3. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village 21-10-2017 4. Luni Channel 15-02-18 5. Luni Channel 17-02-18 6. Luni Channel 21-02-18 7.3 Verification of Land Record and Ownerships All the required land will be acquired through VLD from farmers. In this regard, the agreement of donation of required land was taken from farmers in writing on stamp paper. The required land VLD record is verified by the following mean:  All the written agreement was authenticated by the oath commissioner.  Authentication of donated land was done by the tehsil land revenue land officer in accordance with the cadastral record.  Registration of donated land was done by the tehsil land revenue land officer.  All the VLD record was also shared by PIU-SIBI with the Deputy Commissioner. 7.4 Formation of Farmers Organization One FO respectively was created at each channel. The members of each FO were elected from among the local community. The list of FO members is provided in Appendix E (E.2). 7.5 Summary of Discussions A summary of the main comments and views expressed by stakeholders, and the measures taken to satisfy them during the consultation are included in below table. Page | 107 Table 7.2: Summary of Key Discussions S. Comments Measures to be Implemented No. 1. How will supply of water to tail The supply of irrigation water to tail end farmers will be improved by the end of the channels be construction of lined channels and structure which will maximize the ensured? water flow and reduced sedimentation in tail end canals, therefore ensuring these canals can carry their full discharge. 2. Contractor camp siting and The community were informed that contractor along with PSIA will jointly associated activities identify camp location so that there is no disturbance to local community. Camps will be located at a safe and fair distance from communities. The waste disposal sites and access routes will be identified with the help of community. 3. Community disturbance during Locations for contractor camp will be constructed 500 meters beyond construction residential communities. The contractor will be required to provide complete facilities and ensure that the facilities of the community are not adversely affected. 4. Labor Influx Communities were informed that hiring of local labor will be preferred to reduce labor influx. Non-local labor will be contained to camps and work sites to prevent mixing of immigrant and resident communities, and reduce community disturbance. 5. How will the privacy of women During construction activities, the contractor will provide proper alternate be protected during routes for labor so that community roads are not disturbed. This is also construction? necessary to protect mobility and privacy of women. 6. Will buildings and structures The Works have been designed in such a manner that there is no impact (shops, houses, and on community structures. community structures) be lost because of the Works? 7. Will employment opportunities The Contractor will offer employment to those within the community, be offered to the community? favoring the landless who work on farm land that will be temporarily acquired during the project. The contractor will also employ maximum number of locals in the construction work. Local labor will also be trained in different skills, during work, so that they become skilled workers for the project in question and future projects. 8. What is the scope of work and The FO and Water User Associations will play their vital role with the how will the quality of work will support of the contractor and PSIA engineer team to supervise technical be ensured? aspects of the project as well as quality of work etc. 9. Is there a Grievance Redress FOs and communities of both channels were given a detailed orientation Mechanism (GRM) in the sub- about the project GRM and its procedures. An Urdu description of the project? GRM was also provided and nomination of focal persons from communities noted 10 Concern about participation in There were some community member who were not present in the Consultations? village and couldn’t participate in the meeting. The project team was requested to organize another meeting of the concerned FO and invite members who were originally absent to orient them about the sub-project objective and scope of work as well as the whole process of the BIWRMD project. The social team of PSIA will also contact members who were absent and request them to participate in future meetings. 11 What is the VLD Process? The community of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak was informed about the VLD process, its procedural requirements, role of district administration, FO, and PIU in signing the VLD forms and keeping this record. 12 Will water rights will altered? The communities were informed that no water rights will be changed and that established community water sharing arrangements will remain as is. Page | 108 7.6 Summary of Findings of Consultation with Farmers In addition to the information given about the Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channel works, farmers of both villages were provided brief information about the BIWRMD project. The farmers expressed their willingness and cooperation vis-à-vis the project. All the farmers agreed to provide their land if required voluntarily (without demanding any compensation) for completing the designed channels. In addition, all the farmer gave written agreement to the project for providing their land for the construction of new alignments. 7.7 Consultation with Women Community Consultation sessions with local women were also conducted at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni villages. The Female Social Organizer of the project along with the Gender Specialist of PMU conducted these sessions together. Most women consulted were not educated. The women of the area were keenly interested in the consultations and provided significant information regarding possible role and need of women in the project. Input was provided regarding the matching grants scheme, construction of water courses etc. The list of women participants is provided in Appendix E (E.3). Table 7.3: Date and Location of Consultation with Women Community S. No. Location Date 1. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village 14-02-18 (Round 1) 2. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village 14-02-18 (Round 2) 3. Bakhra Ghulam Bolak village 20-10-17 4. Luni Village 15-02-18 5. Luni Village 16-02-18 7.8 Women Development Groups One women’s development group respectively was formed at each channel. For this purpose, meetings were convened at the village level. The project’s female social organizer conducted two sessions of consultations at each channel. In the first round of consultations, women were informed briefly about the project development objectives of BIWRM project and its benefits; and, the need for and purpose of Women Development Groups. In the second round of meetings Women Development Groups were formed in each village. These groups include a chairperson, vice-chairperson, general secretary, treasure and general body members. All the positions were nominated and selected by the respective community. These elected members will work closely with the BIWRMD project for the betterment and fulfilment of women’s needs. The details of women development groups are provided in Appendix E (E.4). 7.9 Findings of Women Consultations and Priority Needs The women of the area were keenly interested in the consultations. Women expressed great interest in initiatives for livelihood generation and requested support for the following:  Livestock rearing Page | 109  Kitchen gardening  Poultry farming  Supply of safe drinking water  Vaccination medicine for livestock  Market linkages for agricultural produce (e.g. vegetables) 7.10 Consultations with District Administration Sibi Consultation were also held with the district administration Sibi. In the meeting, PMU along with PSIA team informed the district administration about the BIWRMD project. The VLD process, scope of work, construction schedule and other associated BIWRMD project activities were discussed in detail. All the officials of the district administration offered their complete support for the execution of the project. The list of attendees is provided in the Appendix E(E.5). Page | 110 8 Institutional and Implementation Arrangements Baluchistan Irrigation Department (BID), GoB, will be the Implementing Agency for this sub-project. The BID will access technical expertise from the departments of Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock, and Public Health Engineering to guide project implementation. A central Project Management Unit (PMU) in BID (located at Quetta) will incorporate staff from the BID Planning and Monitoring wing and the ID Water Resource Management directorate, supplemented with 10 additional qualified staff. Project Implementation Units (PIUs) in the Nari, located in Sibi, will lead the field implementation and manage community, engagement process for the project, with PMU oversight. The PMU is led by a Project director. It will include a financial management specialist, two accountants, a procurement specialist, a communication specialist, an environmental safeguards specialist, a social safeguards specialist, a gender development specialist, a monitoring and evaluation specialist, a matching grants specialist, a training management specialist, a water resource specialist, a livestock specialist and an agriculture specialist. The PMU will be responsible for project implementation, including technical aspects, financial management and procurement. Led by executing engineers, the PIUs will be responsible for supervision of project works and activities in the river basins and for community liaison and participation through COs/FOs. The PMU and PIUs will be supported by Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) consultants. The PMU is a continuation of the PMU of the Balochistan Small Scale Irrigation Project. The Implementation Completion Report (ICR) of that project rated the performance of the implementing agency as satisfactory. A Project Steering Committee will provide strategic guidance and facilitate inter-agency coordination. It will be chaired by the Additional Chief Secretary Balochistan and will include the Secretaries of Irrigation, Agriculture, Forestry, Public Health Engineering, Livestock and Finance departments and Local Government. It will meet quarterly or as required to review physical and financial progress, to recommend ways to accelerate implementation and to resolve any complaints that have been brought by the Chairman of the Grievance Redress Committee.31 8.1 The Contractor The Contractor will be overall responsible for the implementation of the ESMP. The Contractor will be responsible for environmental protection liabilities under the Balochistan Environmental Protection Act (2012), World Bank’s Environmental and Social safeguard policies, and relevant ESMP provisions. The Contractor will also be responsible for better communication and training of his crews for implementation of the ESMP. Upon mobilization, the contractor will submit to PSIA, for approval, the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans which will detail exactly how the contractor will meet the requirements of this 31 Project Appraisal Document-PAD Page | 111 ESMP and the contractor’s Health and Safety Plan. The Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans will reflect the contractor’s chosen construction methodologies. The Contractor will not commence any Works until the CESMP and Health and Safety Plan are approved by the Engineer. The Contractors specific responsibilities will include the following:  Provide the Engineer and Employer with access to records of the environmental management programme for the purposes of an audit.  Prepare and implement the CESMP, including mitigation given in this ESMP.  Monitoring their own compliance with environmental and social requirements.  Produce a monthly report to the Employer, copied to the Engineer, which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this specification and the CESMP and identifies any problems. 8.1.1 Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) and Health and Safety Plan Upon mobilization, and within 30 days of commencement, the contractor will prepare a series of plans as part of the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) and Health and Safety Plan which will be relevant to his chosen methodology and meet the requirements of this ESMP. These plans shall include various management plans:  Pollution Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Waste/Sanitary waste management plans).  Tree Plantation Plan  Traffic Management Plan  EHS Training Plan  Health and Safety Plan  Emergency Plan 8.1.2 Contractor’s Organizational Framework The Contractor will provide details of his organizational framework, the designation of a senior manager to take overall responsibility and the designation of the following positions. The Contractor will provide a Curriculum Vitae for staff appointed to the positions above. These all staffs, must have 6 years of work experience in World Bank funded project and will meet the requirement of the contract specification and this ESMP.  Safety Supervisor  Paramedic staff  Health and Safety Officer  Environmental Officer  Human Resource Officer  Community Liaison Officer 8.1.3 Layout Plans of Contractor Camps The Contractor will submit a layout plan for the main construction and sub camps in the CESMP. Prior to construction of any camp, the Contractor will submit, to the Engineer for approval, a layout plan for the camp. All layout plans will include the following details: Page | 112  Location of landfills  Generators  Batching plants (if applicable)  Storage areas (including hazardous material storage areas)  Fuel tanks  First aid facilities  Waste facilities  Medical facilities  Refueling points  Plant wash down points  Water supply  Plant and vehicle parking  Measures taken to segregate pedestrian and vehicle routes  Evacuation routes and emergency exits  Drainage  Camp location  Camp boundary  Work areas  Accommodation areas  Kitchens and dining areas  Sanitary facilities (including toilets and washrooms/showers)  Location of sanitary treatment facilities and discharges Page | 113 9 Environmental & Social Management & Mitigation 9.1 General Mitigation measures for reduction of environmental degradation and social impacts, especially relating to air quality, soil contamination, pollution of water resources, loss of habitat and disruption to wildlife will need to be implemented and monitored. Monitoring tasks will vary over the construction and operation stages of the sub-projects. Physical, biological and socio-cultural parameters will be measured/monitored to determine compliance with national and international standards and comply with the ESMP itself. Before the execution of work under this sub-project, the Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) would be prepared and duly approved by both the PMU and World Bank. The contractor will provide its proposed social, health, safety and environmental implementation procedures, to ensure that civil works are operating satisfactorily and that problems are being dealt with swiftly. These will be submitted to the PSIA for review and for onward submission to the PMU and World Bank for approval. This will include the following:  The format of a monthly report which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plan.  A formalized mechanism to audit the effectiveness of the own plan (i.e. Contractor Environmental Social Management Plan)  Details of the records to be kept demonstrating compliance with safeguards.  Monitoring checklists for day to day monitoring with safeguards.  A plan for day-to-day monitoring of the site and identification of staff responsible for this  Proposed actions to be taken to correct non-compliances noted by the PSIA.  Internal reporting channels for non-compliances To ensure the successful implementation of an ESMP, monitoring and supervision are considered effective tools. The level of monitoring and supervision must be appropriate. These measures are mean to reduce the risks and impacts and ensure compliances with the sub-project requirements and the procedures for documentation, reporting and feedback on the outcomes of corrective and preventive action. Physical, biological and socio-cultural parameters will be monitored to determine the compliance level with National, World Bank standards and compliance with this ESMP. Monitoring will be divided into Compliance monitoring and Effects monitoring. Compliance monitoring represents the majority of the monitoring during the sub-project operational and handing over (defect notification). PSIA along with PMU, will be responsible for day to day monitoring of the contractor’s compliance with this ESMP, and will monitor the implementation of the mitigation measures. PSIA will complete monitoring within the sub-project area using contract specific monitoring checklists and will engage a full time environmental representative to be present on site for daily monitoring who will report directly to the Resident Engineer from PSIA, and who will coordinate with the project management unit. Page | 114 Effects Monitoring will be carried out by M&EC of various environmental and social parameters with the aim of evaluating the performance of this ESMP. The following parameters are to be monitored:  Monitoring of Noise levels at fixed locations during construction phase  Availability of water at the downstream end of the channel system;  Monitoring of ambient air quality during construction phase;  Health and safety of Contractors personnel.  Monitoring for waste management, rehabilitation of borrow areas, compensatory tree plantation, weed disposal, sanitary waste disposal. 9.2 Monitoring Mechanism Before the execution of work, in the contractors environmental and social management plan, the Contractor will include details of its proposed social, health, safety and environmental implementation procedures, to ensure the construction sites are operating satisfactorily and that problems are being dealt with swiftly. This will include the following:  The format of a monthly report which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plan.  A formalized mechanism to audit the effectiveness of the own plan (i.e. Contractor Environmental Social Management Plan)  Details of the records to be kept demonstrating compliance with safeguards.  Monitoring checklists for day to day monitoring with safeguards.  A plan for day-to-day monitoring of the site and identification of staff responsible for this  Proposed actions to be taken to correct non-compliances noted by the PSIA.  Internal reporting channels for non-compliances 9.3 Aims of Monitoring The main objectives of the monitoring plan are:  Evaluate the performance of the ESMP and to bring about improvements.  To provide a means where impacts which were uncertain at the time of preparation of ESMP or unforeseen could be identified and steps taken to adopt appropriate corrective measures.  Record the inputs provided by various participants in the environmental and social management process (i.e. client, consultants, contractors)  To check whether mitigation measures are adequate, effective and adopted in the field,  To comply with legal and community obligations, including safety on construction sites. 9.4 Non-compliance’s and Corrective Measures The Contractor will be notified of any violations with this ESMP, as well as any corrective actions required. The payment of the mobilization bill item will not be paid to the contractor until the following conditions have been met.  Preparation and submission of Health and Safety Plan to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval.  Provision of contractor’s staff camps. Page | 115  Preparation and submission of contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval.  The contractor will submit curriculum vitae of its ESMP staff to the PSIA for onwards submission to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval. The availability of Contractor’s ESMP staffs will be made full time on site. Where the contractor fails to comply with his own management plans (i.e. CESMP or Health and Safety Plan) and therefore fails to comply with this ESMP, payments will be deducted from the relevant bill item each month. The percentage deduction from these bill items will be based on the percentage compliance as measured through monthly monitoring checklists. The following stages will be performed, relating to increasing severity of ESMP non-compliances. Stage 1 PSIA discusses the problem with PMU and Contractor to work out mitigations together and record the facts and the decision implemented. Stage 2: A more serious infringement is observed and PSIA notifies the Contractor of the issues in writing, with a deadline by which the problem must be rectified. All costs will be borne by the Contractor. Stage 3: PMU/PSIA will order the Contractor to suspend part, or all, of the works. The suspension will be enforced until such time as the offending party, procedure or equipment is corrected and/or remedial measures put in place if required. No extension of time will be granted for such delays and all cost will be borne by the Contractor. Stage 4: Breach of contract - One of the possible consequences of this is the removal of a Contractor and/or equipment and/or the termination of the contract. Such measures will not replace any legal proceedings that PMU may institute against the Contractor. 9.5 Communication, Reporting and Documentation 9.5.1 Meetings A preliminary meeting will be held with the aim of setting out the format for the regular meetings. This meeting will be held before the commencement of the works, following contract award. The meeting will be attended by PMU/PIU, M&EC, PSIA and the contractor. In addition to the meetings above, PSIA (Environmental Engineer) will monitor or check the compliance status of contractor commitment on social, environmental, health and safety related issues. The day to day progress will be provided by the PSIA to PMU. 9.5.2 Communications Most communications between PSIA and the contractor will be verbal on site. Where such verbal communication proves to be ineffective for an issue, the environmental team will advise the PIC Engineer to issue a formal instruction to the contractor under the civil works contract. Such instructions will also be copied to PMU, as the Employer. Page | 116 9.5.3 Reporting Frequency The Contractor and PSIA will produce monthly reports detailing the compliance level and non-compliance with this ESMP. The distribution list of reports is given in below table. Table 9.1: Distribution of Periodic Reports S. Report Prepared by Frequency Reviewed Distribution No by 1. Monthly PSIA Compliance PSIA Monthly PMU/PIU PMU, Contractor Report (Refer template Appendix A) 2. Monthly Contractor’s social Contractor’s Monthly PSIA PMU (PMU will share and environmental Report Environmental these report with World (Refer Appendix F) Coordinator Bank) 9.5.4 Pictorial Record A photographic record of the sub-project locations will be kept and taken at key locations in walk through survey by the contractor, PSIA and PMU. The photographic record will be incorporated into the monthly reports. The pictorial record will include time, title of the photograph and date. 9.5.5 Monthly Environmental Health and Safety Checklists The completed monitoring checklists will be attached to the monthly reports. The format of the monthly monitoring checklist is provided in Appendix F. 9.5.6 Complaints Register The contractor will maintain a complaints register at all camps and work sites to document all complaints received from the local communities. The register will also record the measures taken to mitigate the reported concerns. The final report will be communicated to the PMU. All complaints/issues of the community will be reported in the monthly progress report for the following month along with the status of the last month’s complaints. 9.5.7 Training Plan The Contractor will include a training plan within the CESMP which details the program for the delivery of training, demonstrating the training will be carried out initially at induction of staff and repeated intermittently throughout the project, to cover the subjects included in the following table. Table 9.2: Trainings Subjects for inclusion in Contractor Training Plan S. No. List of Topics/Trainings Contents Staff 1. Handling, use and disposal of  Type of Hazardous Material and waste All construction hazardous material  Routes of Entry staffs  Safety Labelling  Use of Safety Data Sheet  Goal and Objectives  Actions to Do and Preventive Measures  How to avoid Injuries 2. Waste Management All construction  Introduction to types and waste staff working on Page | 117  Solid Waste and its types regulating  Effects of Solid waste structures or  Waste Management concept canal Collection, storage and disposal techniques embankments What to do and what no to do 3. Efficient & safe driving  Introduction All staff practices, including road &  Causes of Road Accidents vehicle restrictions  Driving hazards  Road Journey  Vehicle inspection  Health Condition  Sign posting  Competency 4. Actions to be taken in the  Type of pollution and its causes All Staff event of major or minor  How to Avoid pollution pollution event on  What to do in case of event land/Pollution Prevention  Reduction Techniques  Use of tools in case of pollution  House Keeping  Impact on Human Health and Environment  Benefits 5. Health & Safety: Safe way to  Objectives All construction work & hazard awareness  Types of Hazards staff  Work at height procedures  Moving of machinery  Use of PPEs  House keeping  Hazards control 6. Health & Safety: Safe use of  Use of Plant procedures Operators of plant & equipment  Competency and training plant &  Machine guarding equipment  Dismantling of equipment  Daily maintenance  Safe operation  Intended use of equipment’s 7. Health & Safety: Working at  Access and Egress, Loading Places All construction height  Ladders staff  Landing Places  Openings, Corners, Breaks, Edges and Joisting  Roof Work (Flat roofs/Sloping roofs/Steep roofs etc.)  Fragile Roofing Materials  Work over Water  Safety Nets, Belts and Harnesses  Equipment for working at height: Scaffold, MEWPS, Towers 8. Health & Safety: Working  Contamination and biological/chemical All construction near/on water hazards staff  Weather conditions  Hypothermia and hyperthermia  Unstable surface  Electrical hazards Page | 118  Lone working  Accidental immersion  Using rescue and safety equipment  Key control measures (planning, training)  Hazards of Falling into Water  Precautions 9. Health & Safety: Use of PPE  Common Type of PPEs All construction  Use of PPEs staff  Benefits  Work place requirement of PPEs  Care and Maintenance of PPEs  When PPE is necessary  Limitations of the PPE 10. Emergency procedures and  Types of emergency All staff evacuation  What is Emergency plan  What is individual role in case of emergency  Supervising Rescue Operations  Emergency reporting procedures  Means of egress 11. Fire fighting  Objectives All staff  How fire starts  Use of fire extinguishers  Type of Fire extinguishers  Fire safety inspection  Competency required  Action in case of fire  Do’s and Don’ts 12. Site inductions, including  Purpose of induction training All staff requirements under the  Why health and safety is important CESMP & details of  What is CESMP environmentally sensitive  What are the requirement of CESMP areas of the site  Duty of care and responsibility  Your responsibility and our responsibility  Protection of Environment  What is ecosystem  What is ecology  Identification of key species  Protection of key species  Do’s and don’ts  Care during clearance of vegetation 13. Culturally sensitive awareness  Valuing cultural difference All staff raising on HIV/AIDS and the  Avoiding habits in other areas during spread of sexually transmitted migration diseases. Awareness raising  What are sexually transmitted diseases on risks, prevention and  Type of infection  Prevention available treatment of vector-  Strategies of controlling vector borne borne diseases Diseases, Cultural sensitivities  Type of vector borne diseases of the local population  Treatment procedures 9.6 Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan Upon mobilization, and within 30 days of commencement, the contractor will prepare a Health and Safety Plan which will be relevant to his chosen methodology. This plan will detail the following: Page | 119  Health and safety management structure, responsibilities, supervision and reporting scheme  Health and safety goals for the project  Identification of potential hazards (health risks, safety risks)  Proposed measures to reduce the risk of identifying hazards.  Arrangements to implement such measures  A system for reporting and investigating accidents, incidents and near misses  A plan for emergency transfer of staff or public from site to medical facilities  Site rules  Fire and emergency procedures  Site security 9.6.1 Emergency Plan The Contractor will include an emergency plan within the CESMP which includes the following details:  Measures for fire prevention and fire fighting  Indicators on site (for example, heavy rainfall) that will prompt the shutdown of specified areas of work  Procedure for shutdown of site, including transfer of plant, materials and personnel to safe areas (for example in the event of a flood)  Emergency evacuation procedure for staff and members of the public likely to be impacted by an emergency event on site (for example: fire or blast). 9.6.2 Contractor Tree Plantation Plan The Contractor is required to submit a detailed tree plantation plan, which will include plantation locations, methodology and species. An inventory of existing trees in the RoW has been prepared by the team of sociologist and is provided in this ESMP. The contractor will re-plant five times the number of trees that are cut during implementation of the sub-project. The Contractor is required to prepare an inventory of the trees to be cut/uprooted before commencement of the physical works in presence of project implementation and supervision consultants and project management unit. The plantation location will be approved by the Engineer and the project proponent. All trees to be planted, will be of native species as they have more chances of survival. The Contractor will be responsible for after care of the saplings/plantation for one year. The following table includes details of the mitigation and monitoring activities with relative agencies responsible for those actions during implementation of this ESMP and civil works execution. 8.1.4 Pollution Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Water) The Contractor will include a pollution prevention and control plan within the CESMP which includes the following details:  Method of treatment and disposal of sanitary wastes.  Method for disposal of hazardous waste  Actions to be taken to prevent the spill of contaminants on site  Actions to be taken in the event of land and water based minor and major pollution events, including materials/equipment to be permanently based on site, regularly maintained and to be used during a pollution event Page | 120  Proposed methods for treatment of concrete batching plant washout water (if applicable), to include as necessary, flow and load equalization, pH adjustment and sedimentation using settling basins or clarifiers.  Procedures for the collection and disposal of wastes, including domestic and construction waste 8.1.5 Traffic Management Plan The Contractor must provide the following information regarding traffic management plan within his document.  Loading/unloading points for deliveries, plant and vehicles at the construction camp  Access routes around the site for transfer of materials and personnel.  Proposed access/haul routes  Access routes for deliveries to and from the main camp  Queuing points for delivery vehicles  Locations and details of warning signs to be erected on public roads  Locations where banks-men will be provided (if required). 9.7 Contractor’s Code of Conduct The contractor should develop a conduct of conduct and ensure that each member of staffs signs or provides a written explanation of why they have elected not to sign it. The contents of Code of Conduct are as follows: Social aspects  Discreet sexual behavior that takes into consideration HIV/AIDS messages;  Respect for the local community and its cultural norms;  Presentation of professional behavior and integrity when dealing with local community;  Discrimination is prohibited such as gender, age, ethnic or national origin, religion, disability, sexual orientation;  Respect privacy, particularly among women;  Inappropriate behavior such as sexual harassment, gender based violence, and sexual abuse is strongly prohibited. Health and Safety  Show commitments to health and safety;  Zero tolerance any form of harassment, bullying or other offensive physical or verbal treatments;  Use of PPEs which provided;  Attend regular training Health and safety training sessions Environment  No hunting and poaching of wildlife;  Staff should not be involved in any environmental damage i.e. illegal tree cutting;  Rules and regulations on pollution prevention and control. Page | 120 Table 9.3: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 1. Traffic Management 1.1 All traffic Air pollution Regularly service vehicles Contractor Sub-Project area Quarterly Air quality at any movements Limit particulate matter emissions from inhabited area within the vehicles to less than 100 mg/Nm³ sub-project area to meet Limit sulphur dioxide content from vehicles SNEQS for ambient air ✓ emissions to less than 3% Limit nitrogen oxide emissions from vehicles to less than 1,460 mg/Nm³ Provide training in fuel efficient driving Contractor - At Training identified in practices to drivers commencement contractor’s training plan ✓ of works Quarterly Training delivered as per ✓ ✓ training plan Soil and ground water Inspect vehicles regularly for leaks Contractor Sub-Project area Monthly No leaking oil or fuel pollution observed from plant or ✓ ✓ vehicles 1.2 Movement of Community disturbance & Prepare a traffic management plan detailing Contractor - At Traffic management plan plant and increase in traffic in proposed routes to access the site commencement submitted and approved equipment on communities around project of works by Engineer (including ✓ public roads area details of proposed outside access routes to project project area area) Contractor Sub-Project area Monthly Traffic following access routes proposed in ✓ ✓ ✓ contractor’s traffic management plan Prevent excessive noise levels from the Contractor Sub-Project area Quarterly Noise emissions from contractor’s vehicles plant and vehicles within ✓ NEQS Safety of communities Obey speed limits of public highways Contractor Public highways Monthly Contractor’s vehicles not exceeding highway ✓ ✓ ✓ speed limits Provide barricades, flagmen and signs where Contractor Where haulage Monthly Barricades, flagmen and haulage routes on private land intersect routes cross public signs provided ✓ public highways highways Clean mud from vehicles before entering Contractor Public highways Monthly No mud observed on ✓ ✓ ✓ public highways or regularly sweep road roads Damage to public Obey height & weight restrictions Contractor Public highway Monthly Vehicles are not ✓ ✓ ✓ infrastructure overloaded Page | 121 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Repair ruts and scars resulting from Contractor Public highways Monthly Ruts and scars not ✓ contractor’s operations (at contractors cost) observed 1.3 Deliveries Community disturbance & Prohibit delivery vehicles from queuing on Contractor Camp and structure Monthly No delivery vehicles increase in traffic in public highways sites parked on public ✓ communities around project Load & unload vehicles off public highways highways area Air pollution Prohibit running of engines while vehicles are Contractor Camp and structure Monthly Delivery vehicle engines waiting sites turned off while waiting ✓ for loading/unloading 1.4 Haulage of Dust Cover bed of haulage vehicles when Contractor Haulage routes Monthly No dust observed from construction transporting loose and/or fine materials bed of haulage vehicles ✓ materials near settlements or active agricultural land 1.5 Works to Community disturbance & Maintain one-way traffic with speed Contractor Location of works to Monthly Roads are not closed ✓ ✓ public roads dislocation of transport routes restrictions public roads Flagmen, warning signs Provide flagmen, warning signs and and barricades provided ✓ barricades to protect staff 1.6 Transport in Damage to access roads, Promptly repair any damage caused by the Contractor Haulage & access Monthly No damage to access sub-project drains & embankments Works tracks roads, drains or ✓ area embankments observed Safety of staff & public Limit speed of plant and vehicles on site to Contractor Haulage & access Monthly Speed of plant & 30km/hr tracks vehicles not exceeding ✓ ✓ ✓ 30km/hr Damage to crops, pasture and Access & haulage routes included in the Contractor - At Traffic management plan injury to livestock Traffic Management Plan and enforcement of commencement submitted and approved the plan of works by Engineer (including details of proposed ✓ access & haul routes throughout project area and to borrow areas) Minimise damage to crops, pasture, Contractor Haulage & access Monthly No damage to crops, woodland and livestock tracks pasture, woodland and ✓ livestock outside areas acquired from works. Dust Regular water sprinkling of katcha tracks, Contractor Haulage & access Monthly Low dust levels from focused near settlements. and active tracks & borrow haulage & access routes agricultural land areas close to communities ✓ ✓ and active agricultural land Page | 122 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 2. Earth Works 2.1 Vegetation Loss of habitat Clear only the area required for completion of Contractor Sub-Project Monthly Area of clearance limited clearance works Location to area required for ✓ ✓ completion of works Loss of habitat for key ground Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species nesting bird species vegetation clearance in identification of the commencement identification included in ✓ following key ground nesting bird species. of works contractor’s training plan Sub-Camp Location During works Training delivered as per ✓ ✓ ✓ training plan On identification of nest housing any key bird Contractor Sub—Camp During camp Preservation of active species, works will be prohibited within a Location establishment housing nest. radius of 50ft until assessment is made by ✓ ✓ ✓ environmental inspector/ ecologist of PMU/PSIA. 2.2 Tree Cutting Loss of habitat Minimise tree cutting Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Area of felling limited to area required for ✓ ✓ completion of works Before tree cutting: all trees will be marked, Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly No tree cutting without detailed in an inventory which will be approval of tree ✓ ✓ submitted to PSIA. inventory The Contractor will maintain an inventory of Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Maintain an inventory of cut trees cut/uprooted trees by ✓ ✓ ✓ contractor Plant saplings of native trees in the ratio of Contractor Sub-Camp Location As per tree Replanting of tress as 1:5 trees cut plantation plan per the tree plantation ✓ ✓ plan. Loss of key, tree nesting, bird Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species species vegetation clearance in identification of the commencement identification included in ✓ following key tree nesting bird species. of works contractor’s training plan Sub-Camp Location During works Training delivered as per ✓ ✓ ✓ training plan On identification of a tree housing an active Contractor Sub-Camp Location During camp Preservation of active nest of any key bird species, felling of such establishment nest housing a key bird ✓ ✓ ✓ tree will be prohibited until approved by the species PSIA ecologist 2.3 Raising of Air pollution Regularly service equipment Contractor Sub-Camp Location Quarterly Air quality at any Embankment inhabited area within the ✓ sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Page | 123 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Soil and ground water Inspect vehicles regularly for leaks Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly No leaking oil or fuel pollution observed from plant or ✓ ✓ vehicles Fuel or oil spill Keep flexible boom elements and spills kit in Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Spills kit provided good condition and ready for speedy ✓ ✓ deployment All pollution types Prepare a Pollution Control Plan including a Contractor Sub-Camp Location At Pollution Control Plan detailed plan for pollution prevention and commencement submitted & approved ✓ ✓ ✓ remediation measures for approval of the Engineer Dust Contractor to provide training to plant Contractor - At Training identified in operators in reducing drop height when commencement contractor’s training plan ✓ loading trucks, trailers or trolleys of works Sub-Camp Location Monthly during Drop height minimised earthworks when loading trucks, ✓ ✓ ✓ trailers or trolleys Loss of previously identified Local steepening of embankments to avoid Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly during No demolition of, or cultural resources demolition of mosques and graves earthworks filling over, mosques or ✓ ✓ graves Loss of previously unidentified Works immediately suspended in proximity of Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Preservation of cultural resource (chance find) find, Engineer informed and report issued previously unidentified ✓ ✓ during excavation Approved recommendations implemented Contractor and valuable cultural resource 2.4 Disposal of Loss of habitat Dispose excavated material to a level equal Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Excavated material excavated to 1m (3ft) below the proposed embankment stockpiled to a level 1m ✓ ✓ ✓ material (IP/NIP) level (3ft) below the embankment level Material will not be disposed off outside the RoW without the ✓ ✓ ✓ Engineer’s written permission Tree cutting in disposal areas is prohibited Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly No trees cut within ✓ disposal areas Damage to or loss of property Disposal of material prohibited on, or close Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly No material disposed of ✓ to, buildings on, or close to, buildings Landscape change Disposal bunds will be levelled, sloped & Contractor Sub-Camp Location Following Levelled, sloped and trimmed to reasonably regular lines formation of trimmed disposal bunds ✓ embankments Page | 124 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Flooding Establishment of stockpiles over drainage Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Existing drainage regime lines is prohibited or alternative drainage is not compromised ✓ lines provided Increased sediment load Disposal of excavated material in open water Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Excavated material not ✓ effecting aquatic environment is prohibited disposed of within canal Collapse of embankments Contractor will demonstrate, by calculation, Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly Stability of new that the stability of canal banks and embankments ✓ embankments are not jeopardised by the placement of spoil Loss of previously identified Disposal over mosques, graves and prayer Contractor Sub-Camp Location Monthly No spoil disposal over cultural resources platforms is prohibited mosques, graves or ✓ prayer platforms Borrow areas Monthly during Drop height minimised earthworks when loading trucks, ✓ ✓ ✓ trailers or trolleys 3. Batching Plants 3.1 Operation of Noise Maintain & operate plant as per Noise levels are within Quarterly batching manufacturers guidelines NEQS Main Camp & sub plant Contractor Acoustic guards, doors camps Monthly and hatches supplied on ✓ ✓ rig are closed Disturbance to the community Programme all works to be completed within Main Camp & sub No work undertaken ✓ ✓ ✓ Contractor Monthly the hours of 6am and 6pm camps from 6pm to 6am Air pollution Install new or highly maintained batching plants Air quality at any Regularly service plant Main Camp & sub inhabited area within the ✓ Install fabric filters, cyclone control or wet Contractor Quarterly camps sub-project area to meet scrubbers if necessary to ensure particulate NEQS for ambient air matter emissions from batching plant do not exceed 500 mg/Nm³ 3.2 Storage & Air pollution Reduce distance between silos and Contactor Monthly No cement dust emitted Main Camp & sub transfer of containers when fill with cement while filling containers ✓ ✓ ✓ camps materials 3.3 Washing Ground, ground water and Wash down only in designated and bunded Contractor Monthly Bunded wash down ✓ ✓ down plant & surface water pollution wash down areas. areas provided Main Camp & sub equipment Plant & equipment not camps ✓ ✓ ✓ washed down outside wash down areas Page | 125 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Separate oil and cement from effluent and Contractor Monthly Disposal of hazardous dispose of hazardous effluent at licensed site effluent at licensed site Main Camp & sub ✓ ✓ ✓ In addition, concrete washout must be diluted camps by addition of more water and then can be used for water sprinkling. Further treatment of wash down, if necessary Contractor Canal surface water Quarterly Effluent water quality to meet NEQS, using flow and load at main and sub- meets NEQS for ✓ equalization with pH adjustment and/or camps municipal and liquid sedimentation of suspended solids using industrial effluent settling basins or clarifiers Contractor Community hand Quarterly (at Ground water meets pumps active camps) NEQS for drinking water, except for parameters ✓ where baseline water quality did not meet NEQS. 4. Storage of Construction Materials 4.1 Locating Ground, ground water and Locate storage areas away from water Contractor Monthly Construction materials storage area surface water pollution courses, drains and transport routes not entering Camp sites watercourse, drains or ✓ ✓ ✓ being spread along transport routes Protect storage areas from flooding Contractor Monthly Storage areas above ✓ ✓ ✓ Camp sites flood levels Storage areas marked on camp layout plan Contractor Before camp Camp layout plan ✓ - establishment approved by PSIA 4.2 Use of Ground, ground water and Ensure only designated storage areas are Contractor Monthly No materials stored ✓ ✓ ✓ Camp sites storage areas surface water pollution used outside storage areas Clearly mark storage areas and label Contractor Monthly Storage areas and containers Storage areas containers clearly ✓ ✓ labelled 4.3 Storage of Pollution Store within sheds, under polythene sheets Contractor Monthly Cement dust not ✓ ✓ ✓ Camp sites cement Health of staff & public or in unopened bags observed 4.4 Storage of Dust Cover with polythene sheets or store within Contractor Monthly Sand from stockpile not sand sheds during times of high wind spread by wind Employ water sprinkling if air borne Camp sites ✓ ✓ ✓ particulate matter increases around sand stockpile 5. Hazardous Materials Page | 126 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 5.1 Storage of Health of staff & public Lock & secure hazardous material storage Contractor Monthly Hazardous storage hazardous area to prevent unauthorised access Storage areas areas locked and ✓ ✓ ✓ material secured when not in use (including Display warning signs depicting hazards and Contractor Monthly Warning signs displayed waste) PPE required at the entrances to hazardous Storage areas at entrance to hazardous ✓ ✓ ✓ material storage areas material storage areas Fire Provide fire extinguishers at hazardous Contractor Monthly Fire extinguishers ✓ ✓ Storage areas material storage areas provided Ground, ground water & Provide hard compacted, impervious and Contractor Monthly Floor of hazardous surface water pollution bunded flooring to hazardous material materials storage is ✓ ✓ storage areas Storage areas impervious Bund is provided around ✓ ✓ hazardous material store Label each container indicating what is stored Contactor Monthly Each container is within Storage areas labelled indicating what ✓ ✓ ✓ is stored Store containers with clearance around each Contractor Monthly No leaks observed to facilitate inspection of containers Regularly check taps, hoses, lids & Contractor Storage areas ✓ ✓ containers and dispose of damaged containers Provide spill kits and ensure staff are trained Contractor Monthly Spill kits provided at in their use Storage areas storage areas and ✓ ✓ around work sites Hazardous material storage areas to be Contractor Monthly Hazardous material covered Storage areas storage areas are ✓ ✓ covered 5.2 Bulk storage Ground, ground water & Contain fuel within double skinned bowser or Contractor Monthly Fuel stored in double of fuel surface water pollution surround container by bund to capacity of skinned bower or ✓ ✓ ✓ Fuel storage area container on hard compacted flooring surrounded by bund on impervious floor 5.3 Handling of Health & safety of staff Train staff in safe handling techniques Contractor Necessary PPE is used hazardous All sites Monthly when handling ✓ ✓ ✓ materials Enforce the use of all necessary PPE Contractor hazardous material Ground, ground water & Train staff in pollution control measures Contractor No spills of hazardous All sites Monthly ✓ ✓ ✓ surface water pollution Lock valves and trigger guns when not in use Contractor materials observed 5.4 Plant and Ground, ground water & Contractor to identify designated wash down Contractor Before Wash down areas vehicle wash surface water pollution areas in camp layout plan - construction of identified in camp layout ✓ down each camp plan Page | 127 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Wash-down points will have a concrete pad Contractor During camp Concrete pad provided ✓ ✓ ✓ Wash down points underneath establishment at wash-down points Mobile plant washed down only at designated Contractor Monthly Mobile plant using wash ✓ ✓ ✓ Camp sites wash down areas down areas Treatment of wash down effluent prior to Contractor Before Treatment and disposal disposal commencement methodology for wash - of works down effluent included in ✓ Contractor’s Pollution Control Plan Canal surface water Quarterly Effluent water quality at main and sub- meets NEQS for ✓ camps municipal and liquid industrial effluent Community hand Quarterly (at Ground water meets pumps near camps active camps) NEQS for drinking water, except for parameters ✓ where baseline water quality. Separate oil from effluent and dispose of Contractor Monthly Disposal of hazardous hazardous effluent at licensed site Wash down points effluent at licensed site ✓ ✓ ✓ 5.5 Refuelling Ground, ground water & Refuel in designated and bunded areas only Contractor Monthly Plant refuelling only in surface water pollution over impervious flooring or provide drip trays designated and bunded ✓ ✓ ✓ All sites areas or provide drip trays 5.6 Disposal of Ground, ground water & Transport hazardous waste to approved Contractor Before Approval of Pollution hazardous surface water pollution disposal site (include details in Pollution - commencement Control Plan by the ✓ waste Control Plan) of works Engineer Monthly Disposal of hazardous ✓ ✓ ✓ All sites waste at approved sites Medical waste stored as hazardous waste, Contractor Monthly Medical waste not for incineration in medical incinerator in Landfills disposed of in landfills ✓ ✓ ✓ Hyderabad or Karachi 6. Waste Management 6.1 Locating Ground & ground water Site landfill in area where ground water is Contractor Monthly Water not observed in landfill pollution low, and if not possible, line landfill with Landfill landfill ✓ ✓ ✓ impervious layer (such as clay) Community disturbance & Locate landfill 500m (1,000ft) away from Contractor Before Approval of camp layout public safety existing settlements (to be identified in Camp - establishment by Engineer ✓ layout) Page | 128 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 6.2 Collection of Soil, ground water and surface Provide garbage bins at a radius of 50ft at the Contractor Monthly No littering of camp sites domestic water pollution main camp and 100ft in temporary and sub waste camps for collection of domestic waste All camps ✓ ✓ ✓ Odour & community Regular collection & disposal of domestic Contractor disturbance waste 6.3 Disposal of Soil, ground water and surface Dispose of biodegradable waste at Contractor Monthly Landfilling or composting biodegradabl water pollution designated landfill or compost area of biodegradable waste ✓ ✓ ✓ All camps e domestic waste 6.4 Disposal of Soil, ground water and surface Dispose of non-biodegradable, non- Contractor Monthly Landfilling, transfer to non- water pollution recyclable waste at designated landfill, licensed disposal site, or biodegradabl licensed disposal site incineration of non - ✓ ✓ ✓ All camps e & non- biodegradable, non- recyclable recyclable waste waste 6.5 Disposal of Loss of resources Sell recyclable waste to local vendors (where Contractor Monthly Recyclable waste sold to recyclable available) Landfill local vendors (where ✓ ✓ ✓ waste available) 6.6 Generation of Soil, ground water and surface Provide latrines at camps & prohibit staff from Contractor Monthly Regularly cleaned sanitary water pollution fouling the camp All camps latrines provided at all ✓ ✓ ✓ waste camps 6.7 Incineration Air pollution Do not burn materials which may result in Contractor Quarterly Air quality at any of waste release of toxic or hazardous substances inhabited area within the ✓ Incineration site sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Spread of fire Provide fire extinguishers at incineration site Contractor Monthly Fire extinguishers Do not burn on site when surrounding Contractor Incineration site placed at incineration ✓ ✓ ✓ vegetation is dry and combustible site 6.8 Generation & Loss of resources Reuse construction waste where suitable Contractor End of works All construction waste collection of removed ✓ ✓ ✓ Visual impact & soil pollution Remove all construction waste from project Contractor Sub-Project area construction waste area 6.9 Disposal of Health & safety of staff & Incineration at nearby hospital (or equivalent Contractor Monthly Medical waste not medical public facility) Landfill disposed of in landfill ✓ ✓ ✓ waste 7.: Construction Health & Safety 7.1 General Health & safety to Qualified Health & Safety officer and site Contractor Before works CV of appointed Health construction staff\Incident Handling safety supervisor must be present all the time commence & Safety officer and site ✓ - activities at site. And will be responsible for health & safety officer approved safety of staff by Engineer Page | 129 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration All necessary PPE provided to staff and its Contractor Monthly All necessary PPE worn use enforced, particularly the use of safety All work sites by all staff ✓ ✓ ✓ belts while working at site. Provide training to staff in the safe use of Contractor At Approval of Health & equipment & plant, use of PPE and handling commencement Safety Plan by Engineer of hazardous materials. Training will include & inclusion of training ✓ - hazards of their work, hazard awareness, plan safe work practices and emergency procedures in case of fire No staff will be allowed on the site who has Contractor Entire sub-project Monthly Induction provided to all ✓ ✓ ✓ not undergone induction training area staff A qualified doctor/paramedic will be engaged Contractor Entire sub-project Monthly Doctor or paramedic on site and adequately equipped and area employed and first aid ✓ ✓ ✓ properly staffed portable first boxes or stations provided dispensaries provided by the Contractor Identify potential hazards and provide Contractor - Monthly No accidents preventative measures to reduce risk of accidents ✓ ✓ ✓ In case of incident person will be given first aid facility and ambulance service to the nearest hospital. Document & report accidents, diseases & Contractor - Monthly Cause of accident or incidents disease identified and ✓ measures implemented to prevent reoccurrence 7.2 Appointment Exploitation of local Do not hire children of less than 18 years old, Contractor Monthly No staff Employed are of labour communities pregnant women or women who have Entire project area under the age of 18 or ✓ ✓ ✓ delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks pregnant 8. OPERATIONAL PHASE 8.1 Illegal off- Loss of command of the Design of stilling basins suitable for flow PSIA/Contract Entire sub-project Monthly during Completion of works as takes and channels measurement on main canal head regulators or area construction per designs & contract abstraction Inequitable distribution of and fall structures. Replacement of direct above irrigation supplies outlets with APM modules designed for sanctioned Inequitable distribution of sanctioned discharge ✓ discharge irrigation supplies from the Loss of command to off-taking irrigation channels system Page | 130 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 8.2 Spoil heaps Change in landscape Use of silt in agricultural fields by the farmers Irrigation Entire Sub-project During & Use of silt by farmers to increase fertility and raising of low lying Department area following ✓ fields contract delivery Planting of new saplings of native trees with Contractor Entire Sub project Monthly during Trees planted as per the the ratio of 1:5 trees cut area construction plantation plan and defect ✓ ✓ ✓ notification period 8.3 Care of newly Mortality of newly planted The Contractor will be responsible for after Contractor Entire Sub project During & Survival of trees planted trees saplings care of the newly planted trees for the first area following ✓ year. Saplings will be protected through contract delivery protected 8.4 On-going use Degradation of canal prism Collection of abiana (water charge) from AWB Entire Sub project Operational Implementation of of irrigation (erosion/sedimentation), irrigation users area phase maintenance plan infrastructure erosion of canal banks, Use of abiana payments for maintenance of ✓ degradation of hydraulic irrigation infrastructure structures 9: Formation of Borrow Areas 9.1 Excavation in Habitat loss Minimise volume of material required by Contractor Borrow areas Monthly Stockpiled material borrow area reusing material excavated from canal prism reused for formation of canal embankment ✓ ✓ ✓ (subject to testing of material and approval of Engineer) Use of approved borrow areas only (as per Contractor Borrow areas Monthly No borrow areas ESMP). established outside ✓ ✓ ✓ approved areas Loss of habitat for key ground Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species nesting bird species vegetation clearance in identification of the commencement identification included in ✓ following key ground nesting bird species. of works contractor’s training plan On identification of nest housing any key bird Contractor Borrow areas During camp Preservation of active species, works will be prohibited within a establishment nest housing a key bird ✓ ✓ ✓ radius of 50ft until assessment by PSIA species ecologist of approval for works to resume Loss of wetlands Borrow areas within wetlands is prohibited Contractor Borrow areas Monthly Borrow areas not established within ✓ ✓ ✓ wetlands Page | 131 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Loss of agricultural land Borrow areas within agricultural land will be Contractor Borrow areas Monthly Rehabilitated depth of no deeper than 0.3m (1ft) following borrow areas in ✓ ✓ ✓ rehabilitation agricultural land is no greater than 0.3m (1ft) 9.2 Remove and stockpile top 6 inches of topsoil Contractor Borrow areas On Topsoil stockpiled at from borrow areas established in agricultural commencement borrow area for reuse land of each borrow ✓ ✓ ✓ area in agricultural land Loss of access to Channel l Access across borrow areas to the canal will Contractor Borrow areas Monthly Uninterrupted length of be maintained by ensuring a 3m (10ft) wide borrow area adjacent to ✓ ✓ ✓ strip remains unexcavated at 500m (1,000ft) IP or NIP does not exceed 500m (1,000ft) Increased seepage losses A clearance of 5m (16ft) must be maintained Contractor Borrow areas Monthly Minimum clearance of from canal between proposed embankment toe & borrow 5m (16ft) between ✓ ✓ ✓ area proposed embankment toe & borrow area Dust Contractor to provide training to plant Contractor - At Training identified in operators in reducing drop height when commencement contractor’s training plan ✓ loading trucks, trailers or trolleys of works Loss of previously unidentified Works immediately suspended in proximity of Contractor Sub-Location Monthly Preservation of cultural resource (chance find) find, Engineer informed and report issued Location previously unidentified ✓ ✓ during excavation and valuable cultural resource Approved recommendations implemented Contractor 9.3 Community disturbance Contractor will enter into a signed and Contractor - Before camp Signed and witnessed witnessed agreement with the owner of the establishment agreements in place for ✓ land at which he wishes to establish borrow each borrow area areas situated in private land 9.4 Loading Noise & dust Minimise height between loader (excavator) Contractor Borrow areas Monthly High dust levels not lorries/dump and bed of lorry/dump truck observed at settlements ✓ truck 9.5 Restoration Loss of habitat & landscape Potential for willow wetland creation will be Contractor Borrow areas Following use of Restored level of borrow of borrow change maximised by limited restored depth of borrow area area in barren land is no ✓ area in borrow area in barren land to 0.6m (2ft) more than 0.6m (2ft) barren land below original level Landscape change Grade sides of borrow areas to 1:3 Contractor Borrow areas Following use of Sides of borrow areas ✓ borrow area are stable Page | 132 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 9.6 Restoration Flooding of agricultural land 0.3m (1ft) maximum rehabilitated depth of Contractor Borrow areas Following use of Restored level of borrow of borrow borrow areas in agricultural land borrow area area in agricultural land area in is no more than 0.3m ✓ agricultural (1ft) below original level land Loss of productive topsoil Stockpiled top soil will be replaced following Contractor Borrow areas Following use of 6-inch layer of topsoil re- borrow activities borrow area spread over entire base ✓ ✓ ✓ of borrow area in agricultural land Poor drainage of agricultural Base of borrow area is levelled following Contractor Borrow areas Following use of Base of borrow area is ✓ ✓ ✓ land borrow activities borrow area level Lack of access to borrow area Sides of borrow area graded to 1:3 Contractor Borrow areas Following use of Sides of borrow areas ✓ ✓ ✓ borrow area are graded to 1:3 9.7 Operation of Air pollution Regularly service equipment & remove plant Contractor Structure sites Quarterly Air quality at any batching producing black smoke from the project inhabited area within the ✓ ✓ plant sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Limit particulate matter emissions from Contractor Structure sites Quarterly Air quality at any vehicles to less than 100 mg/Nm³ inhabited area within the ✓ ✓ sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Limit sulphur dioxide content from vehicles Contractor Structure sites Quarterly Air quality at any emissions to less than 3% inhabited area within the ✓ ✓ sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Limit nitrogen oxide emissions from vehicles Contractor Structure sites Quarterly Air quality at any to less than 1,460 mg/Nm³ inhabited area within the ✓ ✓ sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Noise Maintain & operate plant as per Contractor Sub-Location Quarterly Noise levels are within ✓ ✓ manufacturers guidelines Location NEQS 9.8 Temporary Open water acting as Backfill temporary diversions with originally Contractor Temporary After No standing water at site diversions mosquito breeding ground excavated material diversions sites commissioning of temporary diversion ✓ ✓ ✓ of structures 9.9 Landscape change Trim and slope lines of rehabilitated sites Contractor Temporary After Lines trimmed & sloped diversions sites commissioning ✓ ✓ ✓ of structures Page | 133 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration 9.10 Excavation Unintentional trapping of wild Regularly check excavations for trapped Contractor Structure sites Monthly No trapped animals animals animals and rescue if necessary observed ✓ ✓ ✓ 10. Staff, Labour & Construction Camps 10.1 Locating Community Disturbance Contractor will enter into a signed and Contractor - Before camp Signed and witnessed Camps witnessed agreement with the owner of the establishment agreements in place for ✓ land at which he wishes to establish camps each camp site situated in private land Locate camps at least 500m (1,000ft) from Contractor Camp Locations Before camp Camp location at least communities establishment 500m (1,000ft) from ✓ nearest community Appoint a Community Liaison Officer within Contractor - Before works Community Liaison ✓ Contractors staff commence Officer appointed Loss of flora & fauna Locate camps away from the embankments Contractor Camp Locations Before camp Construction of camp Surface water pollution of watercourses establishment sites do not begin before Submit layout plans for each camp to the approval of the layout ✓ ✓ ✓ approval of the Engineer before construction plan of camp .10.2 Vegetation Disturbance to Flora and The Contractor will take full care to preserve Contractor Camp Locations At the time of Minimal unnecessary clearance fauna and protect from damage trees, native camp damage to vegetation ✓ ✓ ✓ shrubbery & vegetation establishment Loss of habitat Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species vegetation clearance. commencement identification included in ✓ contractor’s training plan Landscape change Before vegetation clearance a record of the Contractor Camp Locations Before camp Photographs of the ✓ pre-project landscape situation will be taken establishment camp areas taken The Contractor will reinstate camp area to original form upon completion of Once after Removal of all camp works. removal of each facilities (including ✓ ✓ Contractor camp site fences) Camp Locations sites 10.3 Tree Cutting Loss of habitat The Contractor will maintain an inventory of Contractor As per tree During & after Preparation of inventory cut trees and plant saplings of native trees in plantation plan camp of cut/uprooted trees by the ratio of 1:5 trees cut establishment contractor and replanting ✓ ✓ ✓ of tress as per the tree plantation plan. Page | 134 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Supply fuel (gas cylinders) in work camps Contractor All camp locations Monthly Cooking fuel supplied and supplement with training to prevent and training delivered in ✓ ✓ ✓ labour felling trees their use at labour camps Loss of key, tree nesting, bird Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species species vegetation clearance. commencement identification included in ✓ of works contractor’s training plan On identification of a tree housing an active Contractor All camp Locations During camp Preservation of active nest of any key bird species, felling of such sites establishment housing nests. ✓ ✓ tree will be prohibited until approved by the PSIA environmental representative. 10.4 Provision of Flooding of camp site Drainage provided & maintained in camp Contractor All camp Locations Monthly No stagnant water drainage line Unsanitary living conditions & sites accumulating in or ✓ ✓ spreading of disease around camps 10.5 Provision of Health, safety & wellbeing of Provision of electricity supply, lighting and Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Reliable electricity camp workforce electric fans. supply, lighting and fans ✓ ✓ facilities provided Provision of fire prevention & fighting Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Fire extinguishers equipment provided ✓ ✓ Provision of sheltered kitchen area separated Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Provision of sheltered from living quarters kitchen separate to living ✓ ✓ quarters & adequately ventilated Provision of dormitories providing at least Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Dormitories provided 4m² per resident with at least 4m² floor ✓ ✓ space per resident Provision of canteens with a minimum floor Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Canteen provides at space of 1.25m² per worker using canteen at least 1.25m² floor space ✓ ✓ any time per worker using canteen at any one time Provision of roads & paths Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Segregation of traffic ✓ ✓ and pedestrians in camp Provision of safe & reliable water supply Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Provision of drinking ✓ ✓ water as per NEQS The Contractor will maintain and cleanse Contractor All camp Locations Monthly Clean latrines sufficient latrines for use by his employees ✓ ✓ and ensure employees do not foul the camp/site Page | 135 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Treatment/disposal facilities for sewage Contractor - At Method for treatment of commencement sewage to be included in ✓ contractor’s Pollution Control Plan Contractor Main camps Monthly Sewage treated before ✓ ✓ ✓ disposal Contractor Temporary & sub- Monthly Sewage disposed of ✓ ✓ ✓ camps through burial The Contractor will nominate a qualified Contractor - At Nomination of Health & Health & Safety Officer and will prepare and commencement Safety Officer ✓ ✓ ✓ implementation the Health and Safety plan 10.6 Hunting by Disturbance to, and loss of, Hunting, poaching or trapping of Contractor - During Code of Conduct Contractors wildlife wildlife/game is strictly prohibited and will be commencement prepared and signed by ✓ staff included in a Code of Conduct to be signed of work all staff by all Contractors Staff 10.7 Provision of Depletion of local water Contractor will make his own arrangements Contractor Camp Locations Monthly Water is not abstracted drinking resources for water supply for use by his staff and in from local water sources ✓ ✓ ✓ water construction and install tube wells and hand such as well or hand pumps where required pumps 10.8 Provision of Air pollution Install fabric filters, cyclone control or wet Contractor Residences close to Quarterly Air quality at any generators scrubbers if necessary to ensure particulate camp sites inhabited area within the ✓ matter emissions from batching plant do not sub-project area to meet exceed 500 mg/Nm³ (measured at source) NEQS for ambient air Use low sulphur fuels and sorbent injection Contractor Camp Locations Quarterly Air quality at any as necessary to reduce sulphur dioxide in inhabited area within the ✓ ambient air to below 120µg/m³ (average sub-project area to meet measured over 24 hours) NEQS for ambient air Use of catalytic or non-catalytic reduction Contractor Camp Locations Quarterly Air quality at any techniques as necessary to reduce oxides of inhabited area within the ✓ nitrogen to below 80µg/m³ (average in sub-project area to meet ambient air measured over 24 hours) NEQS for ambient air Install generator stack at location and of Contractor Camp sites At Generator stack installed height as required by IFC. establishment as per IFC requirements. ✓ ✓ ✓ of camp 10.9 Sewage Water pollution Treatment/disposal facilities for sewage Contractor - At Method for treatment of Waste commencement sewage to be included in ✓ contractor’s Pollution Control Plan Camp Locations Monthly Sewage treated before ✓ ✓ ✓ disposal Page | 136 Table 9.3:: Environmental Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Agency Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PM M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) U Duration Temporary camps Monthly Sewage disposed of ✓ ✓ ✓ through burial Canal surface water Quarterly (at Effluent water quality at main and sub- active camps) meets NEQS for ✓ camps municipal and liquid industrial effluent Page | 137 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sr. No. Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ Parameter (for Duration compliant action) 1 Impediments The contractor’s traffic management Contractor ✓ ✓ ✓ to Community Blockage of community plan should include plans for the Contractor health Monthly Basis Contractor traffic Movement routes emergency transfer of members of and Safety Plan management plan the public to suitable medical facilities will be prepared and Community disturbance due in the event of a serious accident Contractor Camp include alternative to increase in traffic around resulting from the construction works. routes for their traffic Office settlement areas movement. A complaints register will be placed Near Community Routine basis at the Contractor’s, PIU and Areas or Engineer’s offices to address settlements The key mitigation complaints. provides in this ESMP. Routine Basis Blockage of local roads and routes Contractor Health will be minimized. If unavoidable, and Safety Plan consultation with the affected communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) will be identified and advertised. Routine Basis Details of transport and medical treatment en-route are to be included in the contractor traffic management plan. 2 Voluntary Land In case there are any standing crop on Donation Approximately 5 acres of the land being donated the land will PMU Bhakra Ghulam During Works for new land are required for the not be taken for construction use till Bolak Channel Channel alignments are not construction of the new the crop has been harvested. alignment carried out alignment of the Bhakra works ✓ ✓ Ghulam Bolak channel, and Agriculture land is at eight different locations harvested Loss of crop land Page | 138 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sr. No. Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ Parameter (for Duration compliant action) 3 Labor Influx During project Hiring of skilled and unskilled Priority will be given to locals for skilled All Work areas execution Skilled and unskilled labor and unskilled jobs. (channel and phase labor are hired from construction local community Increased population in the Respect for human rights and no sites) Monthly basis violation on rights of labor area by workforce from No labor rights are outside the local community Settlements near During siting of affected All camp siting will be 500 m away Contractor the work areas camp from local community to avoid disturbance to local cultural norms. Camps are location ✓ ✓ from community Adequate training to migrant labor will trespass area and be provided on cultural norms of local Quarterly Basis have adequate community. boundary Contractor training plan is implemented accordingly. Page | 139 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sr. No. Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ Parameter (for Duration compliant action) 4 Community Traffic movement around the The contractor’s Health and Safety Health and sub-project areas Plan should include plans for the All Work sites Monthly Basis Contractor health Safety emergency transfer of members of the and safety is Decline in air and water public to suitable medical facilities in Sanitary and implemented which can cause health the event of a serious accident solid waste accordingly diseases asthma, skin Disposal During work irritation diarrhoea, hepatitis The contractor will not permit casual locations activities Health and safety B and C, and typhoid observer close to work sites officer is available Contractor full time at sites ✓ ✓ Safety hazards to local Adequate safety measure is community or trespassers implemented around work site (i.e. No any waste is During work due to bad housekeeping, barricades, safety singes) directly disposed activities movement of machinery, near the water Contractor will prepare pollution During camp bodies, channel or prevention and control plan, which will Inadequate disposal of establishment on open land sewerage waste include method for the disposal of sanitary waste Page | 140 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sr. No. Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ Parameter (for Duration compliant action) 5 Community Use of community routes for A Community Liaison Officer will be Disturbance the transportation of appointed fulltime at site address Monthly basis Contractor community machinery and man power community issues if any. liaison officer is available full time at Use of generator, horns and The contractor will locate its camps in site. other equipment which may which laborers will reside overnight, at During camp cause noise pollution least 500 m (16,25 ft) establishment No camp is located near any settlement Congestion on community A complaints register will be placed at Monthly Basis routes the Contractor’s, PIU and Engineer’s The record of social offices to address complaints. The complaint register is register will record measures taken in maintained and is Use of community water Contractor response to the complaint kept at contractor resource resulting on camp site ✓ ✓ ✓ depletion of community water resources. The contractors working hours will be Routine basis limited to between 7 am and 7pm, six Construction of contractor days a week to reduce disturbance. Work timing are camps limited during day time Routine basis and community is Construction carried out The pressure horns will not be allowed consulted before during night time while passing through or near carrying out work communities in the sub-project are activities at night time No pressure horn is used by contractor staff at all time. Page | 141 Table 9.4 Social Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Sr. No. Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ Parameter (for Duration compliant action) 6 Impacts on Impacts on women and other In awareness raising, women and Women, vulnerable groups are not vulnerable groups should be targeted. PMU, PIU, Bakhra Ghulam Monthly Consultation records Children, considered during planning, PSIA Bolak elderly, disabled, and implementation, and Ensure participation of women and Awareness raising other monitoring activities vulnerable groups in project activities Luni records Vulnerable through consultations, to ensure Groups planned investments take the well- Social mobilization being of such groups into records consideration. ✓ ✓ ✓ Ensure participation of women and vulnerable groups in social mobilization activities. Use female social organizers and social mobilizers to reach out to women and discuss impacts that have specific relevance for women 7 Participation of The voice and needs of Identify all direct and indirect women and women and other vulnerable stakeholders PMU, PIU, Bakhra Ghulam Monthly Consultation records other groups groups do not inform project PSIA Bolak development activities Hold meetings with all community Awareness raising groups. Use female social organizers Luni records and social mobilizers to encourage participation of women in all stages of Social mobilization ✓ ✓ ✓ the project. records Identify the communication mechanisms most commonly used by women and ensure these are used to impact and receive information throughout the project. Page | 142 10 Grievance Redress Mechanism 10.1 General The BIWRMDP is committed to grievance redress. Effectively addressing grievances from people impacted by the Projects is a core component of managing operational risk. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRMs) will be an effective tool for early identification, assessment, and resolution of complaints. The approach to Grievance Redress will be through three interlinked steps: (i) a risk-based assessment of potential grievances, disputes or conflicts that may arise during project implementation; (ii) identification of the PMU’s existing capacity for grievance redress; and (iii) an action plan that identifies mechanisms at the project level and where applicable. Action plan will necessarily be BIWRMDP specific, but would focus on tangible arrangements and steps. A key emphasis will be to support improved departmental capacity for addressing disputes that might arise from Project impacts. A firm channel and mechanism will be adopted which will include: 1 Access Point / Complaint Uptake - The uptake channels should be established and publicized by the PMU and where relevant, the contractors. 2 Grievance Recording – It will be made sure that all incidents and complaints/grievances are properly recorded and in a timely manner 3 Assessment and Acknowledgment - Eligibility would be made to ensure that the issue being raised is relevant to the Project. A written response to the complainant, acknowledging receipt and detailing the next steps will duly be done. Response to the aggrieved about the mechanism and time span or referring to the next or appropriate channel for redress will be made. 4 Resolution and Follow-up – All grievances would be resolved within a stipulated time span at respective level. Follow-up of cases will be done to determine satisfaction with the process, resolution of complaint etc. 5 Record and Reporting - The PMU will provide tracking numbers to the grievances received to determine and monitor whether complaints have been redressed or not. The Bank team would be provided the grievance data through scheduled progress reports on the status of grievance redress to support the PMU in early identification of developing any risks by the Task Team. The issues of grievances related to land donations and other project developments under BIWRMDP will be reported and addressed through the PMU and locally established Set-ups. It will be a tiered system at Union Council Level, District Level, River Basin Level and the Project Level. The Farmers Organizations (FOs) established under the project will also play role in GRM. All grievances will be recorded and within a stipulated time period, redressed. Page | 143 Figure 10.1: Key Steps in Grievance Redress Mechanism 10.2 Objectives of Grievance Redress Mechanism A grievance redress mechanism (GRM), consistent with the requirements of the World Bank Operational Policies and Guidelines will be established to prevent and address community concerns, reduce risks, and assist the project to maximize environmental and social benefits. In addition to serving as a platform to resolve grievances, the GRM has been designed to help achieve the following objectives: (a) Open channels for effective communication, including the identification of new social issues of concern arising from the project; (b) Demonstrate concerns about community members and their environmental well-being; and (c) Prevent and mitigate any adverse social impacts on communities caused by project implementation and operations. The GRM will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable groups such as women and youth. Opportunities for confidentiality and privacy for complainants are to be honored where this is seen as important. 10.3 Principles, Procedures and Timelines Bearing in mind the range of possible grievances, following three basic standards will underpin the proposed systems for handling these:  All grievances submitted in writing to staff assigned under the proposed Public Complaints Centre (PCC) for the project will be formally recorded, and a written acknowledgement issued to the aggrieved;  Grievances will be dealt with a referral basis; those that the Contractor or the PSIA are unable to resolve will be referred to the Grievance Redress Committee, with a final provision for appeal to Project Director, if an issue cannot be resolved with the PMU of the project.  Every effort will be made to address or resolve grievances within the below explained fixed time- lines, which will be an indicator against the performance of the handling system: - Acknowledgement of a written submission will be issued to the complainant within three working days. If not resolved earlier by the Contractor or Supervisory staff on site; Page | 144 - Grievances will be tabled for discussion/resolution to the Project Director within one week of receipt of the written submission. The Project Director will forward it to the Grievance Redress Committee, - If not satisfactorily resolved by the Grievance Redress Committee; the grievance will be referred to consideration by Secretary, Irrigation Department Government of Balochistan within 1 week.  The cases that prove impossible to resolve through Grievance Redress Committee may be referred to the Project Steering Committee (PSC) established under the Planning and Development Department (P&D), Government of Balochistan, comprising senior representatives from P&D, Irrigation Department. This Board will meet as needed to adjudicate on cases and either send their recommendations for endorsement to the Secretary, P&D or refer these for legal action. Where feasible, a response will be forthcoming to such appeals within one month of submission.  If the complainant is not satisfied, the complaint will have the option to seek redress through court of law. 10.4 Grievance Recording and Redress Monitoring The Project Management Unit (PMU) will maintain the data base to document all complaints received from the local communities. The information recorded in the data base register will include date of the complaint, particulars of the complainant, description of the grievance, actions to be taken, the person responsible to take the action, movement of the document (forwarded to whom / which Committee), follow up requirements and the target date for the implementation of the mitigation measure. The data base will also record the actual measures taken to mitigate these concerns. All complaints received in writing or received verbally will be properly recorded and documented. 10.5 Dissemination Once finalized, procedures to be followed through the grievance handling system will be translated into local languages (Urdu, Sindhi and Balochi). These will be made available (in both leaflet and poster format) to all stakeholders, through the PD office and Deputy Commissioner Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi. The PD will ensure that copies of the standard grievance registration form are available with Consultants and the Contractor and are kept in sufficient numbers in local government / and area administration offices including Deputy Commissioners during the entire period of implementation. PD will also ensure that the database of all grievances submitted is updated on a regular basis, and that information on the status of individual cases is made available as required. 10.6 Proposed Mechanism for Grievance Redress under BIWRMDP It is proposed to establish the following prior to commencing project implementation activities including pre- construction activities: (b) A Public Complaints Centre (PCC) will be established in the project office and will be responsible to receive, log, and resolve complaints; (c) A Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) will be established in the PMU office, responsible to oversee the functioning of the PCC (d) A non-judicial decision-making authority e.g. Project Steering Committee, for resolving grievances that cannot be resolved by PCC; (e) Grievance Focal Points (GFPs), which will be educated people from each community. The GFPs should be community members who easily approached by the community. The GFPs will be provided training by the Social Section of the PIC and PMU. Page | 145 10.7 Public Complaints Centre In its capacity as the project proponent, the PMU in consultation with the Irrigation Department, Balochistan will establish a Public Complaints Centre (PCC) in the PMU office. The PMU and the local government bodies will issue public notices to inform the public within the project area of the Grievance Redress Mechanism. The PCC’s phone number, fax, address, email address will be disseminated to the people through displays at the respective offices of the Deputy Commissioners Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi districts. The PCC will be staffed by a full-time officer from the PMU and will be independent of the PSIA and contractor/operator. The officer should have experience and/or training in dealing with complaints and mediation of disputes. The PCC officer will have resources and facilities to maintain a complaints database and communicate with contractor, Site Engineers, PISA, DC Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi and with complainants. The PCC will be responsible to receive, log, and resolve grievances. Given that the female community members have restricted mobility outside of their villages and homes, the female PMU staff will be required to undertake visits to the local communities. The female social organizer along with gender specialist will visit the sub-project area on weekly, monthly and quarterly basis to the grievances at community level. However, GRM committee is also constituted at PIU and women community level (WDGs) to solve grievances immediately. Table 10.1: Member of GRM Committees S. No. Name of Channel Name of Focal Person WDGs 1. Luni Asia Bibi (W/O Abdul samad) Muhala Ubaid Ullah Luni 2. Luni Tania Urooj (W/O Waris Muhala Ubaid Ullah Luni 3 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Khan) Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Noor Jahan (W/O Mehboob Ali) 4 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Saima Rasheed (W/O Abdul Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Rasheed) 10.8 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) The GRC will function as an independent body that will regulate PCC and the grievance redress process. At sub-project level, a GRC will be formed which will be comprise of a Sociologist, Senior Engineer from PMU and representative from the community. 10.8.1 Grievance Focal Points (GFPs) The GFPs will be educated/literate people from each community that will assist and facilitate the community members in reporting grievances resulting from project activities. The GFPs will be provided training by the PMU/PSIA in facilitating grievance redress. Two GFPs (a female and male) will be selected for project area. 10.9 Role and Responsibilities of PCC The responsibilities of the PCC are: a. The PCC will log complaint and date of receipt onto the complaint database and inform the PSIA and the Contractor; b. The PCC will instruct contractors and PSIA to refer any complaints that they have received directly to the PCC. Similarly, the PCC will coordinate with local government to “capture” complaints made directly to them; c. The PCC, with the PSIA and the Contractor, will investigate the complaint to determine its validity, and to assess whether the source of the problem is due to project activities, and identify appropriate corrective measures. If corrective measures are necessary, PCC, through the PSIA, will instruct Page | 146 the Contractor to take necessary action; d. The PCC will inform the Complainant of investigation results and the action taken; e. If complaint is transferred from local government agencies, the PCC will submit interim report to local government agencies on status of the complaint investigation and follow-up action within the time frame assigned by the above agencies; f. The PCC will review the Contractors response on the identified mitigation measures, and the updated situation; g. The PCC will undertake additional monitoring, as necessary, to verify as well as review that any valid reason for complaint does not recur. During the complaint investigation, the PCC should work together with the Contractor and the PSIA. If mitigation measures are identified in the investigation, the Contractor will promptly carry out the mitigation. PSIA will ensure that the measures are carried out by the Contractor. 10.10 GRM Steps and Timeframe Procedures and timeframes for the grievance redress process are as follows: Stage 1: When a grievance arises, the affected person may contact the contractor/operator and the project manager directly to resolve the issue of concern. If the issue is successfully resolved, no further follow-up is required; Stage 2: If no ad hoc solution can be found, the affected person/s will submit an oral or written complaint to the PCC by themselves or through GRM entry points (the CFP, PIC, and Contractor/Operator). For an oral complaint the PCC must make a written record. For each complaint, the PCC must investigate the complaint, assess its eligibility, and identify an appropriate solution. It will provide a clear response within five (5) working days to the complainant PIC and Contractor. The PCC will, as necessary, through PIC instruct the Contractor to take corrective actions. The PCC will review the Contractor’s response and undertake additional monitoring. During the complaint investigation, the PCC will work in close consultation with the Contractors, and the Supervising Engineer (during construction) and with the PMU representatives (during operation). The contractors during construction and the PIC during operation should implement the redress solution and convey the outcome to the PCC within seven (7) working days; Stage 3: If no solution can be identified by the PCC or if the complainant is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Stage 2, the PCC will organize, within two (2) weeks, a multi-stakeholder meeting under the auspices of the PD-PMU, where all relevant stakeholders (i.e., the complainant, PSIA, contractor/operator, relevant local government offices) will be invited. The meeting should result in a solution acceptable to all, and identify responsibilities and an action plan. The contractors during construction and the PIC during operation should implement the agreed-upon redress solution and convey the outcome to the PCC within seven (7) working days; Stage 4: If the multi-stakeholder hearing process is not successful, the PCC will inform Project Steering Committee (PSC) accordingly, and the PSC will organize a special meeting to address the problem and identify a solution; and Stage 5: If the affected people are still not satisfied with the reply in Stage 4, he or she can go through to local judicial proceedings. 10.11 Nominations of Focal Persons at Community Level following the GRM The BIWRMD project has constituted two GRM committees at PSIA and PIU levels for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channels. To further streamline the procedures, during community consultations at both these Channels, the FO through mutual agreement of their members, have nominated the following Focal Page | 147 persons for grievance redress at the FO level. Table 10.1: Member of GRM Committees (Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel) S. No. Name of FO Name of Focal Person Cell Phone No. Address 1. Luni Zafar Ullah 03337768898 Main Village Luni 2. Luni Behroz Khan 03337772092 Main Luni Village 3 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Wadera Fida 03337721276 Main Village Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 4 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Raees Abdul Ghafoor 03328824107 Main Village Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 10.12 Budget for GRM Implementation The cost for the implementation of GRM activities of the Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme is kept 2000,000/= rupees and provided in Section 11. The cost given will be borne by the project proponent (Client). Page | 148 11 ESMP Budget Most of the environmental and social management activities will be undertaken by the Contractor. As the contract had already been awarded to the contractor, therefore, the cost of ESMP activities from Sr. No. 1 to 4 will be included in the Contractor Budget and Bill of Quantities (BoQs) through variation order in accordance to the procedures defined in the Condition of Contract (CoC) of bidding document. The activities and cost of items given from Sr. No. 5 and 7 will borne by the client (PMU). The ESMP implementation budget will be applicable for this sub-project. The cost details for the implementation of ESMP details are provided in the table below. Table 11.1: ESMP Implementation Cost Estimates32. S. No. Description Estimated Cost (PKR) Preparation and Implementation of Contractor 200,000 Rupees/Month X 24 1. Environmental and Social Management Plan (Pollution months= 4800,000 Rupees Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Waste/Sanitary waste management (To be included in Contractor Budget plans), Tree Plantation Plan, Traffic Management Plan, EHS through VO), as defined above. training Plan) Preparation and Implementation of Contractor Health and 200,000 Rupees/Month X 24= 2. Safety Plan (Detailed HSP, Emergency Plan) 4800,000 Rupees (To be included in Contractor Budget through VO), as defined above. Appointment of ESMP Staffing: 30,0000 Rupees/Month 24  Paramedic staff months= 7200,000 Rupees  Health and Safety Officer (To be included in Contractor Budget  Environmental Officer through VO), as defined above. 3.  Human Resource Officer  Community Liaison Officer  Safety Supervisor Cost for Tree Plantation (Layout/Site Clearance, pit 1000 PKR/tree X 1,375 no of alignment and digging of earth (2X2X2), pit enrichment, trees= 1375,000 rupees 4. plant fencing, transportation, loading and unloading, (To be included in Contractor planting a tree, and after care for 1 year) Budget through VO), as defined above. Baseline Ambient Air/Water/Noise Monitoring (on Quarterly 800,0 Rupees 5. basis) Entire Project Duration (Cost to be borne by PMU) GRM (All expenses to be incurred in GRM implementation) 20,00000 rupees 6 (Cost to be borne by PMU) 7. Contingency33 (0.05%, sr 1-6) 1048,750 Rupees (Cost to be borne by PMU) 32 These are only estimated cost. Final cost agreement between contractor and PMU will be made in accordance to the CoC and procedures defined in the bidding document of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme. 33 For unforeseen social and environmental impact (S.R No 7) Page | 149 12 References The following documents were referred during the preparation of ESMP. 1. Social Impact Assessment and Management Plan, BIWRMDP Jan 2016 2. Environmental Assessment (EA), BIWRMDP, Jan 2016 3. Project Appraisal Document (PAD), Jun 2016 4. Appraisal Stage Integrated Safeguard Data Sheet (ISDS), BIWRMDP, Feb 2016 5. Bidding documents (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) 6. Engineering Drawings (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) 7. District development profile report, Sibi, GoB, 2011 8. Option study on identification, design outlines, and cost-effective of schemes, main report, Oct 2013 9. Detailed feasibility study of Nari Gorge Integrated sub-project (Revised), Sept 2014. Page | 150 Appendices Appendix A. Format of Monthly Monitoring Report (PSIA) 152 Appendix B. Study Team 154 Appendix C. Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs) 156 Appendix D. VLD Record (Bakhra Ghulam Bolak) 167 Appendix E. List of Participants from Community 171 Appendix F. Monthly Monitoring Checklist 179 Page | 151 Appendix A. Format of Monthly Monitoring Report (PSIA) Scopeof Works Provide summary regarding the engineering activities Summary of Non-Complainces This section summarises the findings of Environmental Management Plan (ESMP) compliance monitoring completed by the PSIA under this project. Summary of Action Required Table XXX: Summary of Non-Compliances S. Non- ending Since Status of Previous Month No Compliances Actions Required Non-compliances 1 Include Include Action Require, as per Include Include so far progress Particular ESMP Number of made from previous month Non- Months Compliance Observed ------ ----- ----- ------ Historical Review of Non-Compliances So far the progress made and issues resolved by the contractor include graph of past three months. (Percentage Non-Compliance evaluated from monthly monitoring checklist) Non-Compliances Include specific social, Environmental Health and Safety Non-Compliances observed during the monitoring month Provide Specific Non-Compliance (With Status) Provide details Provide Photographs  Action Required Page | 152 Provide list of action required 5 Staffing and Documentation This chapter provides the details about the key staff required and documentation required by the contractor List of Key Staff, as per ESMP. S. No List of Staff Remarks 1 Safety Supervisor 2 Paramedic staff 3 Health and Safety Officer 4 Environmental Officer 5 Human Resource Officer 6 Community Liaison Officer List of Documents Required in ESMP S. No List of Documents Remarks Dated Approved 1 Traffic Management Plan 2 Waste Management and Disposal Plan 3 Pollution Prevention and Control Plan 4 Training Plan 5 Monitoring Plan 6 Layout Plan of Main Camp 7 Layout Plan of Sub-Camp 8 Organization Frame Work 9 Hazardous Waste Plan 10 Health and Safety Plan Include Filled Monthly Monitoring Checklist for the month. Page | 153 Appendix B. Study Team Special thanks to Mr. Muhammad Arif Khan (Social Safeguard Specialist of PMU) during the field visits to the both channels of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni; taking lead role in the conduction of meetings, FO formations, technical backstopping of PSIA social teams in baseline surveys, formation of women development groups, walk through surveys along with channels, involvements of all line departments in the study, ensure compliance of VLD and provided technical support on the all social aspects of the sub-project area. The study team involved in various activities is given below: Table B.2: Name of Team Members S. No Name of members Responsibilities 1. Mr. Shadab Ahmed (Short Review baseline surveys data Term Environmental Walk through survey along with channels for environmental aspects Specialist) Preparation of ESMP 2. Mr. Abdul Jabbar Kakar Baseline Samplings (Air/Water/Noise/Meteorological Parameters) (Deputy Director EPA) 3. Mr. Abdul Shakoor Kakar Supported teams in below mentioned all social aspects of the sub- (Community Development project area Specialist PSIA) 4. Mr. Haseeb Community Participate in project orientation meetings and review meetings Mobilizer PSIA Data collection and feeding of all channel villages 5. Mr. Sar Anjam Community Initial meetings with communities and give orientations on project Mobilizer PSIA objectives and interventions etc 6. Mr. Samiullah Khan Social Keep records of each meetings and baseline surveys etc Organizer PSIA Support project teams in organizations of FO formations meetings, 7. Mr. Rashid Nabi Social record keeping (hard/soft) Organizer PSIA 8. Ms. Sara (Gender Overall supervision, technical backstopping and demonstrations of Specialist) Gender program in the field and desk work. 9. Ms. Razia (Female Social Formation of WDGs Organizer) Women side Community Consultations Record keeping 10. Mr. Sikandar Zehri Deputy Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Project Director PIU sibi 11. Mr. Amjad Sohail Deputy Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Director OFWM 12. Mr. Khurram Baig OFWM Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings 13. Mr. Muhammad Javed Field Supported social teams in baseline surveys Engineer OFWM 14. Mr. Rashid Ali OFWM Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Officer 15. Abdul Rehman Cade Facilitations of teams in provision of stationery, Photostats, hall Operator PIU Sibi arrangements during meetings, sessions and presentations Logistic support etc Page | 154 Page | 155 Page | 156 Appendix C. Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs) The following Environmental Code of Practices (ECoPs) provides the method in which the Contractor should comply with the mitigations contained in this ESMP. The objectives of these ECoPs are to provide best guideline practices on environmental, health and safety during the operation phase of the sub-project.  Water resource management  Drainage  Waste Management  Management of fuel and hazardous material  Management of soil quality  Control of Sediment and erosion  Management of air quality  Management of Noise and vibration  Protection of flora  Protection of Fauna  Health and Safety  Protection Fisheries  Cultural Heritage  Traffic Management  Management of Contractor Camp  Water Resource Management Table 1: ECoP for Water Resource Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Drinking water Groundwater at shallow Tube wells will be installed with due regard to the surface depths might be environment, protection of groundwater from surface contaminated and hence contaminants, and protection of aquifer cross contamination. not suitable for drinking Control the quality of groundwater to be used for drinking water on purposes. the basis of BEQS standards for drinking water. Safe and sustainable discharges are to be ascertained prior to selection of pumps. All tube wells, test holes, monitoring wells that are no longer in use or needed shall be properly decommissioned Construction Construction works in the Monitor the water quality in the runoff from the site, and improve activities in water water bodies will work practices as necessary bodies increase sediment and Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, excess contaminant loading, and nutrients, organic matter, litter, debris and any form of waste affect the habitat of fish (particularly petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances and other aquatic must not enter waterways, storm water systems or underground biology. water tables. Use environment friendly and nontoxic slurry during construction of piles to discharge into the river. Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design Do not discharge cement and water curing used for cement concrete directly into water courses and drainage inlets. Discharge from During construction both Install temporary sediment basins, where appropriate, to capture construction sites surface and groundwater sediment-laden runoff from the site. quality may be Divert runoff from undisturbed areas around the construction site deteriorated due to Stockpile materials away from drainage lines construction activities in Prevent all solid and liquid wastes entering waterways by the river, sewerages from collecting solid waste, oils, chemicals, bitumen spray waste and construction sites and wastewaters from brick, concrete and asphalt cutting where Page | 157 Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline work camps. The possible and transport to an approved waste disposal site or construction works will recycling depot. modify ground cover and Wash out ready-mix concrete agitators and concrete handling topography changing the equipment at washing facilities off site or into approved bunded surface water drainage areas on site. Ensure that tires of construction vehicles are patterns, including cleaned in the washing bay (constructed at the entrance of the infiltration and storage of construction site) to remove the mud from the wheels. This should storm water. The change be done in every exit of each construction vehicle to ensure the in hydrological regime local roads are kept clean. leads to increased rates of runoff and in sediment and contaminant loading, increased flooding, groundwater contamination, and affect the habitat of fish and other aquatic biology. Soil erosion and Soil erosion and dust Stabilize the cleared areas not used for construction activities with siltation from the material vegetation or appropriate surface water treatments as soon as stockpiles will increase practicable following earthwork to minimize erosion the sediment and Ensure that roads used by construction vehicles are swept contaminant loading of regularly to remove sediment. surface water bodies. Water the material stockpiles (where appropriate), access roads and bare soils on an as required basis to minimize dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. High winds) Handling, use, Water pollution from the Follow the management guidelines proposed in ECoPs for Waste storage & disposal storage, handling and Management and Management of Fuels & Hazardous of hazardous disposal of hazardous Substances. material and waste materials and general Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, excess construction waste, and nutrients, organic matter, litter, debris and any form of waste accidental spillage (particularly petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter a watercourse or underground water tables Table 2: ECoP for Drainage Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Excavation and Lack of proper Provide alternative drainage for rainwater if the construction earthworks, and drainage for works/earth-fillings cut the established drainage line construction yards rainwater, surface Rehabilitate road drainage structures immediately if damaged by water, liquid waste or contractors’ road transports. wastewater owing to Build new drainage lines as appropriate and required for the construction wastewater from the construction yards connecting to the activities harms the available nearby recipient water bodies. Ensure wastewater environment in terms quality conforms to the relevant standards before being of water and soil discharged into recipient water bodies. contamination, and Ensure the internal roads/hard surfaces in the construction mosquito growth. yards/construction camps have adequate storm water drainage to accommodate high runoff during a downpour and that there will be no stagnant water remaining in the area at the end of the downpour. Construct wide drains instead of deep drains to avoid sand deposition in the drains that will require frequent cleaning. Protect natural slopes of drainage channels to ensure adequate storm water drains. Regularly inspect and maintain all drainage channels to assess and alleviate any drainage congestion problem. Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design Table 3: ECoP for Waste Management Page | 158 Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Generation of Safety, health and Collect chemical wastes in 200 liter drums (or similar sealed hazardous wastes environmental container), appropriately labelled for safe transport to an approved hazards due to chemical waste depot. improper waste Store, transport and handle all chemicals, avoiding potential Management environmental pollution. practices Collect hydrocarbon wastes, including lubricating oils, for safe transport off-site for reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal at approved locations. Construct concrete or other impermeable flooring to prevent seepage in case of spills. Store all hazardous wastes appropriately in Bunded areas away from watercourses. Make available Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for hazardous materials on-site during construction. General waste Soil, surface water & Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practicable. ground water Place a high emphasis on good housekeeping practice. pollution from the Collect and transport non-hazardous wastes to all the approved improper disposal of disposal sites. wastes. Train and instruct all personnel in waste management practices and procedures as a component of the environmental induction process. Develop waste management plan for various specific waste streams (e.g., reusable waste, flammable waste, construction debris, food waste, etc.) prior to commencing of construction and submit to PIC for approval. Organize disposal of all wastes generated during construction in an environmentally acceptable manner. This will include consideration of the nature and location of the disposal site, so as to cause less environmental impact. Maintain all construction sites in a clean, tidy and safe condition and provide and maintain appropriate facilities for temporary storage of all wastes before transportation and final disposal Provide refuse containers at each worksite. Minimize the production of waste materials through the ‘3 Rs’ (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) approach. Segregate and reuse or recycle all the wastes, wherever practical. Table 4: ECoP for Management of Fuels & Hazardous Substances Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Fuels and hazardous Materials used in Put containers and drums in temporary storages in clearly marked goods construction have a areas, where they will not be run over by vehicles or heavy potential to be a machinery. The area should preferably slope or drain to a safe source of collection area in the event of a spill.. contamination. Train the relevant construction personnel in handling of fuels and Improper storage and spill/pollution control procedures. handling of fuels, Store dangerous goods in bunded areas on a top of a sealed lubricants, chemicals plastic sheet or other impervious material away from and hazardous watercourses. goods/materials on- Refuelling should occur only within bunded areas. site, and potential Make available MSDS for chemicals and dangerous goods on- spills from these site. goods may harm the Transport waste of dangerous goods, which cannot be recycled, to environment or health a designated & approved disposal site. of construction Prepare pollution control procedures and submit the plan to the workers. Engineer. Put containers and drums in permanent storage areas on an impermeable floor that slopes in a safe collection area in the event of a spill or leak. Take all precautionary measures when handling and storing fuels and lubricants, avoiding environmental pollution. Avoid the use of material with greater potential for contamination by substituting them with more environmentally friendly material. Page | 159 Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Provide absorbent and containment material (e.g. Absorbent mats) where hazardous material is used and stored and train personnel in their correct use. Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, appropriate to materials in use. Make sure all containers, drums, and tanks that are used for storage are in good condition and label with expiry date. Any container, drum, or tank that is dented, cracked, or rusted might eventually leak. Check for leakage regularly to identify potential problems before they occur. Store hazardous materials above flood plain level. Table 5: ECoP for Management of Soil Quality Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction material Erosion from Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to occur, stock piles construction material protect with silt fences, straw bales or bunds stockpiles may contaminate the soils Storage of hazardous Spillage of hazardous Strictly manage the waste management plans proposed and and toxic chemicals and toxic chemicals will storage of materials. contaminate the soils Construct appropriate spill contaminant facilities for all fuel storage areas. Establish and maintain a hazardous materials, register detailing the location and quantities of hazardous substances, including storage, use and disposal Train personnel and implement safe work practices for minimizing the risk of spillage Identify the cause of contamination, if it is reported, and contain the area of contamination. The impact may be contained by isolating the source or implementing controls around the affected site Remediate the contaminated land using the most appropriate available method Table 6: ECoP for Control of Sediment & Erosion Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activities The impacts of soil Install ‘cut off drains’ on large cut/fill batter slopes to control and material erosion are water runoff speed and hence erosion stockpiles Increased run off and Observe the performance of drainage structures and erosion sedimentation causing a controls during rain and modify as required. Locate stockpiles greater flood hazard away from drainage lines downstream Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to occur, Destruction of aquatic with silt fences, straw bales or bunds environments in nearby Remove debris from drainage paths and sediment control lakes, streams, and structures reservoirs caused by Cover loose materials and water them if required erosion and/or deposition Divert natural runoff around construction areas prior to any site of sediment damaging disturbance the spawning grounds of Control drainage through a site in protected channels or slope fish, and drains Destruction of vegetation by burying or gullying. Clearing of Cleared areas and Reinstate and protect cleared areas as soon as possible. construction sites slopes are susceptible to Cover unused area of disturbed or exposed surfaces erosion of top soils that immediately with mulch/grass turfings/tree plantations will affect the growth of vegetation causing ecological imbalance. Page | 160 Table 7: ECoP for Air Quality Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Construction Air quality can be Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) will be machinery adversely affected by banned from construction sites emissions from Fit machinery with appropriate exhaust systems and emission machinery and control devices. Maintain these devices in good working condition. combustion of fuels. Focus special attention on containing the emissions from generators Service all equipment regularly to minimize emissions Construction activities Dust generation from Minimize the extent and period of exposure of the bare surfaces construction sites, Reschedule earthwork activities or vegetation clearing activities, material stockpiles where practical, if necessary, to avoid periods of high wind and if and access roads is a visible dust is blowing off-site nuisance in the Water the material stockpiles & access roads on an as required environment and can basis to minimize the production of dust. Increase the watering be a health hazard. frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. High winds) Restore disturbed areas as soon as practicable by vegetation/grass-turfing Table 8: ECoP for Noise & Vibration Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Construction activity Noise and vibration Notify affected people if/when noisy activities will be undertaken may have an impact Plan activities on site and deliveries to and from site to minimize on people, property, impact fauna, livestock and Monitor and analyze noise and vibration results and adjust the natural construction practices as required. environment. Notify adjacent residents prior to any typical noise event outside of daylight hours Educate the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise emissions Employ best available work practices on-site to minimize occupational noise levels Avoid undertaking the noisiest activities at night near the residential areas Construction Increased noise Maintain all vehicles in accordance with manufactures vehicular traffic levels in the project maintenance procedures to ensure good working order area Make sure all drivers will comply with the traffic codes concerning maximum speed limit, driving hours, etc. Construction Noise and vibration Appropriately site all noise generating activities to avoid noise machinery may have an impact pollution to local residents on people, property, Install acoustic enclosures around generators to reduce noise fauna, livestock and levels. the natural Fit high efficiency mufflers to appropriate construction equipments. environment. Use the quietest available plant and equipment Modify equipment to reduce noise (for example, noise control kits, lining of truck trays) Maintain all vehicles in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures to ensure good working order Table 9: ECoP for Flora Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Vegetation clearance Local flora is Clear only the vegetation that needs to be cleared in accordance important to provide with the designs. These measures are applicable to both the shelters for the fauna, construction areas as well as for any associated activities such as offer fruits and/or sites for stockpiles, disposal of fill and construction of diversion timber/fire wood and roads, etc. protect soil erosion. Do not burn cleared vegetation – where feasible, chip or mulch Such as damage to and reuse it for the rehabilitation of affected areas, temporary flora has a wide access tracks or landscaping. Mulch provides a seed source, can range of adverse limit embankment erosion, retains soil moisture and nutrients, and environmental encourages re-growth and protection from weeds. impacts. Reduce disturbance to surrounding vegetation Page | 160 Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Use appropriate type and minimum size of the machine to avoid disturbance to adjacent vegetation’s. Get approval from the supervision consultant for clearance of vegetation. Make selective and careful pruning of trees where possible to reduce the need of tree removal. Control noxious weeds by disposing of at a designated dump site or burn on site. Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding nature protection and the need to avoid felling trees during construction Supply appropriate fuel in the work camps to prevent fuel wood collection. Return topsoil and mulched vegetation (in areas of native vegetation) to approximately the same area of the roadside it came from. Avoid work within the drip-line of trees to prevent damage to the tree roots and compacting the soil. Minimize the length of time the ground is exposed or excavation left open by clearing and re-vegetating the area at the earliest practical possible. Ensure excavation works occur progressively and re-vegetation is implemented at the earliest practicable stage Table 10: ECoP for Fauna Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Construction activities The location of Limit the construction works within the CoI. construction activities The Contractor is not permitted to destruct active nests or eggs of can result in the loss migratory birds of wildlife habitat and Minimize tree removal during the bird breeding season. habitat quality Minimize the release of oil, oil wastes or any other substances harmful to migratory birds to any waters or areas frequented by Impact on migratory migratory birds. birds, habitat and active nests Construction camps Illegal poaching Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding protection of flora and fauna, and relevant government regulations and punishments for illegal poaching. Vegetation clearance Clearance of Restrict the tree removal to the minimum required. vegetation may Retain tree hollows on site, where appropriate impact shelter, Leave dead trees where possible as habitat for fauna feeding and/or Fell the hollow bearing trees in a manner which reduces the breeding and/or potential for fauna mortality. After felling, hollow trees will remain physical destruction unmoved overnight to allow animals to move of their own accord. and severing of habitat areas Table 11: ECoP for Health & Safety Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Trainings Lack of awareness Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care and basic knowledge issues (e.g. How to avoid malaria and transmission of sexually in health care among transmitted infections (STI) HIV/AIDS). the construction Train all construction workers in general health and safety matters, workforce, making and on the specific hazards of their work Training should consist them susceptible to of basic hazard awareness, site specific hazards, safe work potential diseases. practices, and emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disaster, as appropriate. Commence a malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign and compliment it with a strong condom marketing and increased access to condoms in the area Page | 161 Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Implement malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign targeting all workers hired, international and national, female and male, skilled, semi- and unskilled occupations, at the time of recruitment and thereafter pursued throughout the construction phase on a regular basis. Accidents Health and safety of Ensure health care facilities and first aid facilities are readily the workforce, available. Appropriately equipped first-aid stations should be exasperated if easily accessible throughout the project area adequate health care Document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and is not available incidents. Prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the causes of hazards. In a manner consistent with good international industry practice. Identify potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life-threatening and provide necessary preventive and protective measures. Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules Provide adequate lighting in the construction area Construction Camps Lack of proper The Contractor shall provide the following facilities in the infrastructure campsites to improve health and hygienic conditions as mentioned facilities, such as in Table 14 (Construction Camp Management): housing, water supply Adequate ventilation facilities and sanitation Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells facilities will increase that meets the national standards pressure on the local Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system services and Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes generate substandard Storm water drainage facilities. living standards and Recreational and social facilities health hazards. Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals in accordance with Table 2 Solid waste collection and disposal system in accordance with Table 1. Arrangement for trainings Security fence at least two meters in height. -Sick bay and first aid facilities Water and sanitation Lack of water, The contractor shall provide latrines on the construction sites. facilities at the sanitation facilities at Location of facilities should be at least six meters away from any construction sites construction sites storm drain system and surface waters. These latrines should be cause inconvenience cleaned once a day. to the construction The contractor should provide drinking water facilities to the workers and affect construction workers at all the construction sites. their personal hygiene. General construction Construction works Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and site works may pose health and visitors, which should not be less than those laid down on the safety risks to the international standards (e.g. International Labor Office guideline construction workers on ‘Safety and Health in Construction; World Bank Group’s and site visitors ‘Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines’) and contractor’s leading to severe own national standards or statutory regulations, in addition to injuries and deaths. complying with the national acts and rules of the Government of The population in the Pakistan proximity of the Provide the workers with a safe and healthy work environment, construction site and taking into account inherent risks in its particular construction the construction activity and specific classes of hazards in the work areas, workers will be Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers, such as exposed to a number safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, of full-face eye shields, and ear protection. Maintain the PPE (i) biophysical health properly by cleaning dirty, and replacing damaged, PPE. risk factors, (e.g. noise, Page | 162 Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact dust, chemicals, Safety procedures include provision of information, training and construction material, protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations solid waste, waste and proper performance of their job water, vector Appoint an environment, health and safety manager to look after transmitted diseases the health and safety of the workers etc), Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and (ii) risk factors security before commencement of civil works and establishment of resulting from human construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over behaviour (e.g. STD, public health, social and security matters HIV etc) and The Contractor shall follow the ECoPs presented in the following (iii) Road accidents tables to reduce health risks to the construction workers and from construction nearby community traffic. Table 12: ECoP for Cultural Heritage Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activities Disturbance from Do not block access to cultural and religious sites, wherever near religious and construction works to possible cultural sites cultural and religious Restrict all construction activities within the foot prints of the sites, and contractors construction sites. lack of knowledge on Stop construction works that produce noise (particularly during cultural issues prayer time) should there be any mosque/religious/educational causing social institutions close to the construction sites and the users make any disturbances. objections. Take special care and use appropriate equipment when working next to a cultural/religious institution. Stop work immediately and notify the site manager if, during construction, an archaeological or burial site is discovered. It is prohibited to recommence work in the vicinity of the site until approval to continue is given by the Engineer Show appropriate behavior with all construction workers, especially women and elderly people Allow the workers to participate in prayers during construction time Resolve cultural issues in consultation with local leaders and the Engineer Establish a mechanism that allows local people to raise grievances arising from the construction process. Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religion and security before commencement of civil works so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters Table 13: ECoP for Traffic Management Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Construction Increased traffic use Restrict truck deliveries, where practicable, today time working vehicular traffic of roads by hours. construction vehicles Restrict the transport of oversize loads. will affect the Operate road traffics/transport vehicles, if possible, at non-peak movement of normal periods to minimise traffic disruptions. road traffics and the Enforce on-site speed limit safety of the road- Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to PIC for their users. approval. Accidents and Include measures in the traffic management plan to ensure spillage of fuels and uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: detailed chemicals drawings of traffic arrangements showing all detours, temporary road, temporary diversions, necessary barricades, warning signs/lights, road signs, etc. Provide signs at strategic locations of the roads complying with the schedules of signs contained in the Pakistani Traffic Regulations. Page | 163 Activity Environmental Environmental Management Guideline Impact Install and maintain a display board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction, which shall clearly show the following information in Urdu: Table 14: ECoP for Camp Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Safety Inadequate safety Provide appropriate security personnel (police /home guard or facilities at the private security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized construction camps entry into the camp area. may create security Maintain register to keep track of personnel present in the camp at problems and fire any given time. hazards Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing/site office. Ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding storms/cyclones. Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipment’s suitable for the construction camps Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently in strategic places in camps. Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors. Construction Camp Lack of proper Adequate housing for all workers Facilities infrastructure Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from tube wells that facilities, such as meets the national standards housing, water supply Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. Provide and sanitation separate latrines and bathing places for males and females with facilities will increase total isolation by wall or by location. Female toilets should be pressure on the local clearly marked in a language understood by the persons using services and them to avoid miscommunication. generate substandard Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes living standards and Storm water drainage facilities – shallow v drains should be health hazards. provided on both sides of any camp roads to drain off storm water. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to suppress dust and to work against possible muddy surface during monsoon. Provide in-house community/common entertainment facilities. Dependence of local entertainment outlets by construction staff is to be discouraged/prohibited to the extent possible. Disposal of waste Management of Ensure proper collection and disposal of solid wastes within the wastes is crucial to construction camps minimize impacts on Encourage waste separation by source; organic wastes in one the environment, container and inorganic wastes in another container at household such as soil or water level. pollution. Store inorganic wastes in a safe place within the household and clear organic wastes on a daily basis to waste collector. Establish waste collection, transportation and disposal systems supported by adequate manpower and equipment/vehicles. Dispose organic wastes in a designated safe place on a daily basis. At the end of the day cover the organic wastes with a thin layer of sand so that flies, mosquitoes, dogs, cats, rats etc. are not attracted. Where waste is disposed of in a pit take care to protect groundwater from contamination by leachate formed due to decomposition. Cover the bed of the pit with an impervious layer of materials (clay, thin concrete) to protect groundwater from contamination. Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site min 500 m away from the residence so that peoples are not disturbed with the odor likely to be produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the waste dumping places. Encompass the waste dumping place with fencing to prevent access to children. Do not establish site specific landfill sites. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in approval waste disposal sites. Page | 164 Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Siting and Location of Campsites for Locate the construction camps in areas which are acceptable construction camps construction workers considering a balance of environmental, cultural and social are important aspects. locations that have Consider the location of construction camps away from significant impacts communities in order to avoid social conflict in using the natural such as health and resources such as water or to avoid the possible adverse impacts safety hazards on of the construction camps on the surrounding communities. local resources and Submit to PIC for approval a detailed layout plan for the infrastructure of development of construction camps showing the relative locations nearby communities. of all temporary buildings and facilities that are to be constructed together with the location of site roads, fuel storage areas (for use in power supply generators), solid waste management and dumping locations, and drainage facilities, prior to the development of the construction camps. The local authorities responsible for health, religious and security matters shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security. Fuel supplies for Illegal sourcing of fuel Provide fuel to the construction camps for their domestic purpose, cooking purposes wood by construction in order to discourage them to use fuel wood or other biomass. workers will impact Make available alternative fuels like natural gas or kerosene to the the natural flora and workforce to prevent them using biomass for cooking. fauna Conduct awareness campaigns to educate workers in preserving the biodiversity of the project area, and relevant government regulations and punishments associated with improper wildlife protection. Health and Hygiene There will be a Provide adequate health care facilities within construction sites. potential for diseases Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of to be transmitted, medicines in the facility and appoint a doctor on site. including malaria, Provide transport facility for the laborers during emergency to be exacerbated by transported to the nearest hospitals. inadequate health Provide initial health screening of the laborers coming from and safety practices. outside areas There will be an Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care increased risk of work issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their crews spreading work sexually transmitted Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually infections and transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and HIV/AIDS. communication for all workers on a regular basis Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vector habitats (stagnant water bodies, puddles) do not form. Place display boards at strategic locations within the camps containing messages on best hygienic practices Site Restoration Restoration of the Dismantle and remove from the site all facilities established within construction camps to the construction camp, including the perimeter fence and lockable original condition gates at the completion of the construction work. requiring demolition If possible, dismantle camps in phases as the work decreases (do of construction camps not wait for completion of the entire work) and disposal of Give prior notice to the laborer before demolishing their material camps/units Maintain the noise levels within the national standards during demolition activities Reuse the camp material to the maximum extent. Dispose remaining debris at the designated waste disposal site. To restore the site to its original condition or to an agreed condition with the landowner defined prior to the commencement of the works (in writing). Page | 165 Appendix D. VLD Record (Bakhra Ghulam Bolak) Page | 166 Page | 167 Page | 170 Appendix E. List of Participants from Community Appendix E-1: List of Consultation carried out at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Village Table 1: Public Consultation conducted at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Village Date & Location Name of Participants 13-02-2018 Raees Abdul ghafoor s/o Door muhammad Ali hassan s/o Muhammad Areeb 1st Meeting Shah Murad s/o Khuda Baksh Fida Hussain s/o Abdul Malik Ghulam Qadir s/o BAKSH Ali Sanaullah s/o Nasurullah Mehrab khan s/o Khuda Baksh Murad Khan s/o Khuda Baksh Muhammad Rahim s/o Malik Kambir Khan Muhammad Karim s/o Malik Kambir Khan Elahi Baksh s/o Khuda Baksh Wahid Baksh s/o Mula Muhammad Jiya Khan s/o Arz Muhammad Muhammad Iqbal s/o Fateh Khan Ghulam Rasool s/o Muhammad Azeem Khuda Baksh s/o Muhammad Azeem Dil Murad s/o Abdul Aahad Ghulam Hussain s/o Khair Muhmmad Sadam Hussain s/o Palya Khan Ghulam Nabi s/o Baksh Ali Muhammad Rafiq s/o Muhammad Hanif Dabni Baksh s/o Muhmmad Ayub Nawab Khan s/o Khuda Baksh Jamsher s/o Abdul Ghafoor Table 2: Second Round of Public Consultation Conducted at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Date & Location Members from Community 13-02-2018 Ali Nawz s/o Rahim Khan Noor Muhammd s/o Gull Gawar Dated: 13-02-18 Tariq Khan s/o Muhammad Afzal 2nd Meeting Roshan Khan s/o Ghulam Mustafa Siraj Khan s/o Ghulam haider Mehboob Khan s/o Ghulam Mustafa Khuda Baksh s/o Muhammad Khan Manzoor Ahmed s/o Mula Muhammd Muahmmad Aslam s/o Haji Ghulam Hussain Abdul Ghaffar s/o Jumma Khan Page | 171 Date & Location Members from Community Abdul Hafiz s/o Mulah Muhammad Khudaidad s/o Ghulam Mustafa Nadeem Khan s/o Muhammad Afzal Ghulam Mustafa s/o Khudaidad Saahi Dad s/o Haji Malik Dad Mehar Jan s/o Muhammad Khan Noor Ahmed s/o Ghulam Rasool Table 3: Consultative Meeting Carried out at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak on dated 21/10/2017 S.No List of Participants Designation 1 Arif Khilji S/O Abdullah Jan Social Safeguard Specialist 2 Mir Ali Dad S/O Ali Nawaz RFO 3 M.Kazim Luni S/O M.Hayat Luni SDO Irri.Department 4 Junaid Ghichki S/O Abdul Hameed SDO-Irri Department Gickhi 5 Kaleemullah S/O Misri Khan Sub-Engineer 6 M.Khurram Baig S/O Mirza Ahmed Baig Agriculture Officer 7 Shahid Abbas S/O Abdul Sattar Sub-Engineer 8 Ghulam Rasool S/O Kahir Bakhash WMO 9 Hassan Rashid S/O Abdul Rashid Farmer 10 Muhammad Amin S/O Mukhtiar Ahmed Farmer 11 M.Waris S/O Abdul Salam Farmer 12 Minu Khan S/o Haji Rasheed Khan Farmer 13 Abdul Rafoor S/O Dar Muhammad Farmer 14 Ali Hassan S/O M.Arif Farmer 15 Ghulam Nabi S/O Ali Khan Farmer 16 Noor Muhammad S/O Gul Gohar Farmer 17 Bashir Ahmed S/O Khair Jan Farmer 18 Fida Hussain S/O Abdul Malik Farmer 19 Muhammad Azeem S/O Muhammad Farmer Raiz 20 Hamal Khan S/O Huzoor Bux Farmer 21 Ghulam Qadir S/O Bux Ali Farmer 22 Manzoor Ahmed S/O Muhammad Farmer 23 Pilya Khan S/O Ghulam Jan Farmer 24 M.Iqbal S/O Fazal Khan Farmer 25 Shahnawaz S/O Wadera Muhammad Farmer Khan 26 Khuda Bux S/O Muhammad Azeem Farmer 27 Abdul Khalif S/O Abdul Nabi Farmer 28 Abdul Nabi S/O Muhammad Bux Farmer 29 Abdul Faiz S/O Haji Punal Khan Farmer 30 Raza Muhammad S/O Gul Muhammad Farmer 31 Shan Muhammad S/O Ghulam Farmer Muhammad 32 Muahammad Azeem S/O Malik Dad Farmer 33 Sayed Khan S/O Gul Muhammad Farmer 34 Habibullah S/o Bakhtair Muhammad Farmer 35 Nawab Khan S/O Baz Muhammad Farmer 36 Fazal Khan S/O Haji Malikdad Farmer Page | 172 Table 3: Public Consultation Meeting at Luni Village Dated Name of Consulted Farmers Muhammad Hassan s/o Muhammad Ibrahim 15-02-2018 Bor Jan s/o Allah Dad Muhammad Yaqoob s/o Allah Baksh Fareedullah s/o Abdul Hakeem Naseebullah s/o Abdul Hakeem Muhammad Azam s/o Abdul Rehman Muhammad Arif s/o Mirza Khan Zafarullah s/o Muhammad Ismail Khair Muhammad s/o Khudaidad Ghulam Farooq s/o Abdul Rehman Ameer Hamza s/o Abdul Rehman Shakar Khan s/oAllah Baksh Muhammad Qazim s/o Muhammad Hayat Muhammad Ismaeel s/o Muhammad Kamil Table 4: Public Consultation Conducted at Luni Village Dated Name Occupation M.Hussain Farmer 21-02-2018 Abudullah Luni Farmer Bor Khan Farmer M.Azeem Farmer Fareedullah Farmer M.Khan Farmer Hafeez Khan Farmer Amanullah Farmer M.Azeem Farmer Farman Ali Farmer Amir Khan Farmer Ammenullah Farmer Saeed Khan Farmer Khurran Baig A.O OFWM Javed Murtaza Sub-Engineer Rashid Hassan Sub-Engineer Behroz Khan Farmer Haji Abdul Wahid Agriculture Specialist Habib Matching Grant Specialist Abdul Rahim Environmental Specialist Kahir Muhammad Farmer Main Dad Farmer Abdul Aziz Farmer Ghulam Sarwar Farmer M.Ali Farmer Zafarullah Farmer Naimatullah Farmer Haji Kamran Luni Farmer Fikar Khan Farmer Arshad Ahmed Farmer Wahid Khan Farmer Majid Khan Farmer Page | 173 Allah Dad Farmer M.Anwar Farmer Table 5: Consultative Meeting Conducted with Luni Community on 17-02-2018 S.No Name of Members 1 Kamran Luni S/O M.Yaqoob 2 Bahardur Khan S/O Muhammad Rafque 3 Muhammad Yaseen Luni S/O M.Khan 4 M.Hussain Luni S/o M.Khan 5 Allah Dad Luni S/O Ahmed Khan Luni 6 Abdul Rehman Khan Luni S/O Ahmed Khan Luni 7 Behroz Khan S/O Misri Khan 8 M.Ali S/O Abdul Rehi 9 Muhammad Anwer S/O Abdul Rahim 10 Muhammad Khan S/O Haji Abdul Sattar 11 Noor Khan S/O Allah Dad 12 Muhammad Faheem S/O Lal Muhammad 13 Zafarullah S/O M.Ismail 14 Muhammad Hussain S/O Muhammad Ismail 15 Muhmmad Hussain S/O Muhammad Ibrahim 16 Aminullah S/O Abdul Rahim Khan 17 Amir khan S/O Ameer Muhammad 18 Shakr Khan S/O Allah Bux 19 Pervaiz Khan S/O Azmat Khan 20 Noor Khan S/O Mehboob Khan Luni 21 Nasmatullah S/O Haji Muhammad Khan 22 Muahhamd Azeem S/O Saleh Muhammad 23 Habibur Rehman S/ O Allah Dino 24 Qaim Khan S/O M.Ibrahim 25 Muhammad Azam S/O Allah Bux 26 Azam Luni S/O Misri Khan Luni 27 Abdullah S/O Abdul Sattar Luni 28 Abdul Jabbar S/O Jabbar Luni 29 Khawar Shahzad S/O Muhammad Dars 30 Khurram Baig S/O Ahmed Baig 31 Kaleemullah Luni S/O Jafri Khan 32 Ghulam Rasool S/O Malik Khauir Bux 33 Javed Murtaza S/O Malik Bahardur Khan 34 Shahid Abbas S/O Abdul Sattar Appendix (E-2): List of FO Memembers elected at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Village Table 5: List of FO Members at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak S. No List of Members Designation 1. Wadera Fida Hussain Chairman 2. Abdul Gafoor Vice-Chairman 3. Muhammad Riaz General Secretary 4. Wadera Muhammad Jan Accountant 5. Khan Muhammad Member 1 6. Noor Muhammad Member 2 7. Hassan Rashid Member 3 8. Ali Hassan Member 4 9. Muhammad Haneef Member 5 Page | 174 Table 6: List of FO members at Luni Village S.No List of Members Designation 1 Dr Allah Daad Luni Chairman 2 Boor Khan Luni Vice Chairman 3 Beroz Khan General Secretary 4 Muhammad Ali Accountant 5 Gafoor Khan Member 1 6 Bahardur Khan Member 2 7 Akber Khan Member 3 8 Gaffar Luni Member 4 9 Muhammad Azeem Member 5 Table 7: Women Consultation Carried out with Women of Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Date and Location Name of Female participants Date: 14-02-2018 Rahima bibi W/O khuda dad Fatima bibi W/O Ghulam Muhammad Consultation Round 1 Safooran bibi D/O Ghulam Muhammad Hameeda bibi W/O Roshan khan Noor bano W/O Saein daad Najma bibi Wo/ Nazeer Ahmed Zareena bibi W/O Ghulam mustafa Janat khatoon W/O Muhammad Azeem Nasreen bibi W/O Naseeb ullah Bibi zebunisa W/O Fazal Muhammad Bibi Sasi W/O ghulam Muhammad Imam khatoon W/O Haji Ghulam Rasool Safooran Bibi W/O Ghulam Haidar Nazeeran Bibi W/O Noor Ahmed Table 11: Women Consultation carried out with Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel Date Name of Female Participants Sajeda Bibi W/O Fida Ali Date: 14-02-2018 Noor Khatoon W/O Sarwar Ali Safia bibi D/O Mehboob Ali Consultation Round Yasmeen W/O Fida Ali 2 Noor Jahan W/O Mehboob Ali Shazia W/O Balak Sher Kalsoom Bibi W/O Muhammad Anwar Dur Jan W/O Abdul Rasheed Khan Bibi W/O Shahnawaz Khan Zakia W/O Nawab Khan Bibi Ruqaya W/O Mureed Khan Shah Bibi W/O Hayat Khan Zeba W/O Liyaqat Ali Zainab Bibi W/O Muhammad Akabar Razia Bibi W/O Bilal Khan Saima D/O Abdul Rasheed Page | 175 Appendix E-3: Consultation with Women Table 9: Women Consultation Date and Location List of Female Consultation Occupation Noor Jahan W/O Mehboob Ali Teacher Date: 20-10-2017 Fatima W/0 Miran Khan Housewife Pattani W/O Qaisar Khan Housewife Bhakra Ghulam Kusar W/O Saifal Housewife Bolak Channel Jan Bibi W/O Ghulam Hussain Housewife Sajida W/O Fida Ali Housewife Zer Bibi W/O Allah Dad Housewife Hakim Zadi W/O Sheri Housewife Mohammad Khan Bibi W/O Shahnawaz Housewife Samina W/O Mehwish Housewife Noor Khatoom W/O Serwar Ali Housewife Safia W/O Mehboob Ali Housewife Shah Bibi W/O Hayat Khan Housewife Zainab W/O Akber Housewife Zaiba W/O Liquat Housewife Saima W/O Abdul Rasheed Housewife Razia W/O Bilal Khan Housewife Noor Bibi W/O Qadir Dad Housewife Dur Jan W/O Abdul Rasheed Housewife Rabia W/O Sultan Housewife Kulsoom W/O Anwar Ali Housewife Ruqia W/O Tahir Ali Housewife Fatima W/O Jawaid Ali Housewife Zakia W/O Bijar Khan Housewife Fatima W/O Bijar Khan Housewife Lal Bibi W/O Khair Mohammad Housewife Sahib Zadi W/O Khaliq Dad Housewife Sazo W/o Ameer Housewife Table 10: Women Consultation carried out at Luni Channel Date List of Female Consultation Gohar Khtatoom W/o Misri Khan Date: 16-02-2018 Isma Luni W/o Kaleemullah Luni Fozia Luni D/o Misri Khan Asia bibi W/o Abdul Samad Marvi W/o Huzoor Bux Sundus Luni D/o Abdul Samad Page | 176 Saika Luni D/o Misri Khan Razia Luni w/o Misri Khan Sehrish W/o Bahardur Khan Kulsoom W/o M.Nawaz Noor W/o M.Khan Maqsooda W/o Mir Ali Aisha d/o Mir Muhammad Faiza W/o Ilahi Bux Rabia D/o M.Ali Jan Bibi W/o M.Hassan Sabra D/o M.Hassan Shazadi Luni D/o Nasarullah Luni Sakina Luni D/o Habibullah Luni Natasha Luni D/o Hidayatullah Luni Bibi Aisha W/o Inayatullah Luni Maqsooda Luni W/o Mitha Khan Rizawana Lunu W/o Soomar Khan Hajra d/o Fiaz Muhammad Sobia D/o M.Rafque Table 11: 2nd Round of Consultation Carried out at Luni Village Date List of Female Consultation Consultation Round 2 Sajda Bibi W/o M.Yousuf 15-02-18 Asia D/o Khuda Bux Ghulam Fatma W/o M.Ismail Haleem Bibi W/o M.Kamil Hoor Bibi W/o Sanaullah Luni Bakth Bibi W/o Hafeez Khan Naz Bibi W/o M.Hussain Luni Asiaa D/o Shair Muhammad Sabra D/o Khuda Bux Gul Bibi W/o Mehboob Table 12: Convene meeting with women on 22-02-2018 S.No Name of Members W/O or D/O 1 Asiaa W/O Abdul Samad 2 Maqsooda W/O Mir Muhammad 3 Sakia D/O Misri Khan 4 Iqra D/O Faqir Muhammad 5 Salia W/O Azizullah Page | 177 6 Jan Bibi W/O Hazar Khan 7 Sania Urooj W/O Waris Khan 8 Asma W/O Kaleemullah Luni 9 Fozia D/o Misri Khan 19 Sundus D/O Abdul Samad Appendix (E.4) : Women development group formed at Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni Village Table 13: Women Development Group Formed on 20 Feb 2018 S.No Members Designations 1 Noor Jahan W/O Mehboob Ali Chairman 2 Khan Bibi W/O Shahnawaz Vice-Chairman 3 Saima D/O Abdul Rahseed General Secretary 4 Safia D/O Mehboob Ali Accountant 5 Khan Bibi W/O Shahnawaz Member 6 Noor Khatoon W/O Sarwar Ali Member 7 Noorjahan W/O Mehboob Ali Member 8 Kausar Parveen W/O Saifal Khan Member 9 Phatani W/O Kaisar Khan Member 10 Kulsoom Bibi W/O M.Nawaz Member 11 Fatima Bibi W/O Jabbar Khan Member 12 Fatima W/O Miran Member 13 Sajida Bibi W/O Fida Ali Member 14 Safia Bibi D/O Mehboon Ali Member 15 Zaiba W/O Liquat Ali Member 16 Zeenat Bibi W/O Ali Nawaz Member 17 Rabia W/O Nawaz Khan Member 18 Yasmmen W/O Fida Ali Member 19 Jan Bibi D/O Mureeb Khan Member 20 Hawa Bibi W/O Muhammad Ramzan Member 22 Shar Bibi W/O M.Ramzan Member 23 Razia Bibi W/O Bilal Khan Member 24 Samina W/O Ahmed Khan Member 25 Saima W/O Mewa Khan Member 26 Mayehatan W/O Kaisar Khan Member 27 Gulal W/O Bushk Ali Member Appendix (E-5): Consultative Meeting with District Administration Table 14: List of Members present in the consultative Meeting S.No Name Department Designation 1 Sara Khan BIWRMD Project Gender and Development Specialist 2 Habib Khan OFWM WMO 3 Ghulam Rasool Agriculture Department Agriculture Officer 4 Mir Ali Dad RFO ---- 5 Muhammad Nazim Irrigation Department SDO 6 Junaid Ghickhi Irrigation Department Sub-Engineer 7 Javed Murtaza Irrigation Department Sub-Engineer 8 Rashid Hassan Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer 9 Shahid Abbas Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer 10 Kaleemullah Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer 11 Arif Khan BIWRMD Project Social Safeguard Specialist 12 Khurram BIWRMD Project ----- 13 Khawar Shazad BIWRMD Project Communication Specialist Page | 178 Appendix F. Monthly Monitoring Checklist Site/Location: Month: Dated: S. No Description Yes No Comments Health and Safety 1. Has a health & safety induction been provided to all staff starting this month? 2. Are any staff under the age of 18? 3. Are first aid stations/kits available at all Camp and construction sites? 4. Have there been any incident/accidents in this month? i. Was the accident recorded? ii. Have measures been taken/practice improved/Corrective actions reports are prepared to prevent the accident reoccurring? 5. Is staff wearing all necessary PPE? 6. Adequate number of fire extinguishers available at all camp sites? 7. Appropriate barricade, fencing erected at working areas/construction site? 8. Accident/incident, near misses record register available site and properly reported with corrective actions? 9. Guard rails or equivalent protection erected (at height or excavations) to stop falls? 10. Is construction site is free from trip hazards? 11. Is construction site is free from trip hazards? 12. Scaffolds/work platforms properly erected? 13. Use of harness belt? 14. Signage’s displayed? 15. Emergency drills conducted? 16. Emergency telephone numbers displayed? 17. All staff aware of the emergency procedures? 18. Broken plugs, sockets, switches observed? Page | 179 19. Frayed or defective lead observed? 20. Is work being carried out near exposed live electrical equipment’s? 21. Storage material Labelled correctly? 32. Material data sheet available? 33. Danger of falling object? 34 Drums stacks stable? 35 Training Records available? 36 Warning notices in place to stop people using an incomplete scaffold or telephone 37 Individual employees from working in excavations are unsupervised? 38 Are workers protected from the moving parts of the machine by installing and maintaining proper guards? 39 At least one first aid kit is provided and kept stocked at all time at structural site? 40 Has all new staff signed the Code of Conduct? Pollution Prevention and Control 1. Is cement dust spreading from the batching plant or storage areas during refilling? 2. Are plant and equipment being wash downed outside the designated wash down areas? 3. Are fire extinguishers available? 4. Are plant & vehicle refilling only in designated and bunded areas or are drip tray used? Contractor Camp Sites 1. Are gas cylinders at labor camps provided for cooking purpose? 2. Is stagnant water accumulating in the camp sites? 3. Is reliable electricity and lighting supplied in the labour camps? 4. Are washing facilities including showers are provided and regularly cleaned? 5. Is a sheltered kitchen area provided which is separated from living quarters? 6. Are vehicles parked in designated parking areas at camp site? 7. Water sample test being conducted of each water source from approved laboratory? 8. The water samples tested are safe for drinking water purpose? 9. All water storage tanks are covered to avoid the risk of contamination? Page | 180 10. Are there any chemicals (waste oil, petrol, solvent) near to the drinking water point? 11. Are the latrines more than 50 feet away from water drinking point? 12. Are fire extinguishers available at all camp site? 13. Are fire extinguishers periodically inspected and replaced prior to expiry 14. Are fire extinguisher easily accessible and their path clear 15. Is contractor staff using local wells or hand pumps? 16. Are septic provided for the disposal of sewage waste? 17. Is fencing provided and maintained around camp site? 18. Are security guards present at project sites? 19. Is ground water entering the landfill site? 20. Is recycle waste or medical waste disposed of in the camp site? 21. Is first aid box/kit facility available at camp sites? 22. Have littered waste been observed at camp site? 23. Are emergency access routes in all campsite are signed and maintained? 24. Floors to room are constructed of float finished concrete or other similar solid or washable material? 25 All Labor dormitories and kitchen areas are regularly cleaned and maintained in hygiene condition? 26 Are kitchen areas are built up/raised of smooth, easily cleanable, non-toxic and non-corrosive surface for food preparation? 27 Are agreement with operator of municipal facilities where are used for ultimate disposal of sanitary waste Storage Areas 1 Are storage areas built above flood levels and on leveled ground? 2 Are any materials stored outside designated storage areas? 3 Are all storage areas clearly labeled and each of the container are clearly marked? 4 Are stockpiles of construction materials being eroded by wind? 5 Are construction materials entering watercourses, drains or being spread along transport routes? 6 Are storage areas built near to watercourses, drains and transport routes? Page | 181 7 Are stock pile are regularly sprinkle which have potential to particulate matter in the locality? 8 Is the hazardous material storage area secured, and locked when not in use? 9 Are warning signs displayed at entrances to hazardous material stores and is necessary PPE depicted? 10 Is the floor of the hazardous material storage area impervious and is a bund provided around it? 11 Is necessary PPE used when handling hazardous materials? 12 Are any leaks or spills observed in storage areas? 13 Are spill kits provided at storage areas? 14 Are fire extinguishers provided at hazardous material storage areas? 15 Is fuel stored in a double skinned bowser or surrounded by a bund on an impervious floor? 16 Is storage area constructed on impervious floor and dike provided to avoid contamination of soil and ground? Traffic Management Plan  Fuel or oil leaks observed from any vehicle?  Are Contractor's vehicles exceeding speed limits on public highways?  Are barricades, flagmen & signs provided where haulage routes cross highways?  Is mud observed on route ways ?  Are ruts & scars resulting from the Contractor's operations observed?  Are delivery vehicles queuing on public highways?  Are vehicles overloaded?  Is water sprinkling is being carried out at project area?  Are public highways blocked?  Are any vehicles exceeding 40km/hr. on site? Waste Management and Disposal Plan  Is waste stored in areas defined in the waste management plan?  Is hazardous material safely and securely stored in a designated storage areas?  Was any waste observed littering the site?  Are containers segregated according to waste type? Page | 182  Is solid waste being disposed of in the approved site by the engineer?  Are sanitary waste are safely disposed of through burial?  Has any hazardous waste been disposed of through burial?  Where any waste material is disposed of through burning, have all charred remains been removed  Is liquid waste entering water courses?  Is adequate number of waste bins provided at all camp and consruction site??  Is the waste disposal burial area fenced?  Is sufficient number of waste bins provided at camp and working sites? Page | 183 Page | 184