The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 07/25/2022 | Report No: ESRSA02284 Jul 31, 2022 Page 1 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Burundi EASTERN AND SOUTHERN P172988 AFRICA Project Name Burundi Transport Resilient Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Transport Investment Project 8/22/2022 9/29/2022 Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Trade, Transport, Budget and Planning Industry and Tourism, Ministry of Infrastructure, Equipment and Housing Public Disclosure Proposed Development Objective The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to provide efficient, safe and climate resilient road connectivity along the main corridor linking landlocked Burundi with Tanzania, and to strengthen the institutional capacity to sustainably plan, develop, and preserve climate resilient road assets. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 120.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] Through the rehabiliation of a key road corridor for the country with climate resilient stndards and interventions to promote non motorized mobility and safety, , the Project objectives are to improving the Climate Resilience of Road Infrastructure ; to adress rove non-motorized mobility and road safety in the project area ; and to enhance the capacity to manage, plan and finance risks related to natural disasters. Jul 31, 2022 Page 2 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) The project intervention area covers the city of Bujumbura, the commune of Kabezi in the rural province of Bujumbura and the commune of Muhuta in the province of Rumonge. The population of this zone is approximately 750,000, 53 percent of whom are women. The age structure of the population shows a predominance of young people under the age of 25, representing nearly 65 percent of the population. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The RN3 road runs north-south along the Lake Tanganyika coastline, providing a strategic economic link between the economic capital of Bujumbura and the southern regions of the country terminating at the border with Tanzania. The Project area along RN3 includes, (i) two communes in the capital city Bujumbura (Mukaza and Muha Municipalities), (ii) two communes in Bujumbura Rural Province (Kanyosha and Kabezi municipalties) and, (iii) Gitaza commune in Rumonge Province. The Commune of Mukaza is the administrative center, commercial and business district in Bujumbura. The population of the area is around 1,000,000 inhabitants. Civil works under the project are proposed to include: (i) the rehabilitation of a 25 km road section of RN3 from Mukaza to Gitaza (Subcomponent 1.1a), including upgrading to design standards to achieve a paved roadway of 2x1 lanes (3.5 meters wide each), with shoulders of 1.5 meters wide on both sides; (ii) the construction of 15.5 km Bujumbura Bypass (Subcomponent 1.1b) from the north of Lake Tanganyika to the Chanic-Brasserie-Musée vivant- Public Disclosure Pont Muha-Stade Olympique-Camp Chinois, south of Bujumbura, including 11 km of greenfield and (iii) rehabilitation and upgrading of a 4 km 2x2 lanes urban road for the implementation of the Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) pilot along the Boulevard Mwambutsa (2.2 km) and Boulevard Ndadaye (1.8 km) in Bujumbura (Subcomponent 1.1c). The urban environment is highly modified with flora along the boulevards characterized by various tree species, corn crops and ornamental flowers. Vegetation along the bypass varies, including modified urban and agricultural habitat and natural meadows. The urban road sections do not cross any rivers, however, the other road section (RN3 and the by-pass) are crossed by about twenty one (21) rivers, some of which are perennial and others seasonal. The new bypass segment is close to the Lake Tanganyika, and the corridor at some points is limited primarily to slopes (junction with RN3 at Mugere) and crosses three watercourses (Mugere, Kanyosha, Muha rivers), where local communities extract stone and sand during the dry seasons. Location information specific to this component is characterized by a strong existing anthropogenic imprint typical for intra-urban areas (Bujumbura city segment), including transport infrastructure, residences, shops, workshops, markets, health centers, University Lumiere de Bujumbura, gas stations, Government agency offices, cemetery, drainage systems and highly altered biodiversity. 77 human settlements shall be affected. Other development partners such as the Africa Development Bank (AfDB) and Arab Bank, are respectively financing Rumonge-Gitaza PK25-PK70 road section (45km) and Nyanza-Lac – Rumonge road section (52km) contemporaneously with this project. Jul 31, 2022 Page 3 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity A dedicated project implementing unit (PIU) shall be established within the Ministry of Infrastructure, Equipment, and Social Housing (MIESH), and this PIU-MIESH shall be responsible implementation of all project activities. MIESH has been implementing Bank-financed projects for several years. However, it does not have an E&S Unit nor a track record in the management of E&S risks. This will be the first project to be implemented by PIU- MIESH under the Bank’s new Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). This PIU will be staffed within 90 days from the Effectiveness Date with one (1) Environment specialist, one (1) Social development specialist, and one (1) Gender-based violence (GBV) specialist. The E&S specialists will be responsible for supervising the implementation of the ESCP and will report on progress and compliance, including the SEA/SH Prevention and Response Plan annexed in the developped ESMF document on socio-economic and ancillary infrastructure . They will also monitor and evaluate program implementation and impacts, develop, and manage the grievance redress mechanism sensitive to Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, and Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) and reporting results to various stakeholders, except for information related to SEA/SH incidents which will have limited access to ensure the security and confidentiality of the parties involved. The PIU will be supported by supervision engineers, environmental et social specialists who will be responsible for monitoring the contractors of the civil works as well as monitoring adherence to the ESSs requirements. A Steering Committee (SC) chaired the Ministry of Infrastructure shall be created as an oversight mechanism for the project, consisting of ministers and/or Director Generals from the following institutions: Transport, Finance; Environment; Gender; Public Security; and Bujumbura municipality and other municipalities involved in project areas. Public Disclosure Burundian Office for the Protection of the Environment (OBPE) is responsible for the monitoring and management of environmental and social impacts for all projects in accordance with national regulation. This agency is however understaffed and has limited workplace safety and logistical capacities, including lacking the financial resources to monitor and control the implementation of ESMPs. OBPE staff do not have familiarity with World Bank ESSs requirements. A proposed capacity building approach has been agreed to include: (i) capacity building plan will be finalized no later than 3 months from the Effectiveness Date. It will include intensive capacity building and on-the-job support; (ii) OBPE lacks financial resources to monitor and control the implementation of ESMPs. To ensure close monitoring of ESF compliance, OBPE capacity will be strengthened and the costs associated with their operation (quarterly supervision, inspection and follow up missions) will be borne by the project; (iii) Contractors will be required to undertake job hazard assessments (more detailed and specific to the job that is going to be performed), develop and implement site-specific Occupational Health and Safety Management Plans and COVID-19 prevention plans, and submit monthly E&S reports, including SEA/SH aspects, health and safety (ESHS) status; (vi) the PIU (with assistance from supervision engineering firms) will periodically inspect contractors’ facilities to evaluate compliance with occupational health and safety requirements as well as applicable labor regulations, with quarterly inspection reports will be submitted to the Bank, starting 90 days after the start of civil works; (v) the project will recruit a Third-Party technical auditor supporting the PIU, responsible to monitor and report on E&S risks, responsible to monitor and report on E&S risks; and (vi) For real-time data collection and analysis, the project will implement the Geo-Enabling method for Monitoring and Supervision (GEMS), and E&S data will be included. Standard clauses will be included in the contractor contracts to require that contractors have E&S personnel assigned to the project, and their E&S staffing will match the geographical scope of investments. Contractors will have regular Jul 31, 2022 Page 4 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) employee training programs related to health and safety, traffic rules, passenger safety, defensive driving, waste management, fuel management, emergency response, and SEA/SH risks and consequences. Contractor’s E&S personnel will ensure implementation of the relevant E&S contractual covenants, including the development and implementation of the contractor’s construction E&S management plans, and requiring the same of subcontractors. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) High Environmental Risk Rating High The project environmental risk is rated as High. This rating is based on the nature and magnitude and size of the planned physical civil works envisioned under components 1 and 2, which respectively cover 25 km of existing road section a 11 km of greenfield city bypass along the Lake Tanganyika (including the installation of fiber optic), and construction of 4 km of two urban section roads including pedestrian and cyclist paths. Risks and impacts are anticipated to affect urban areas as well as potential sensitive environmental areas such as Lake Tanganyika coastline, rivers and slopes. Road civil work could lead to further wildlife disturbance and sedimentation , especially for the new bypass section closer to Lake Tanganyika. During the construction activities, key risks and impacts shall be related to traffic interruption, spoil and waste production(solid &liquid) and disposal, increased erosion and sediment runoff, occupational health and safety risks of road civil works, including SEA/SH, COVID19 and HIV/AIDS, safety risks both for workers (including at quarry and asphalt plant sites) and pedestrian. Specific attention should also be paid to any Public Disclosure alterations to river flow as small bridges shall be rehabilitated. The operation of quarry sites, asphalt plant and worker’s accommodation camps in addition to the above listed disturbance shall entail fire safety risks, water pollution risk and hazardous waste generation. Dust emissions is considered among the most critical hazards to be found in quarries. At Asphalt Plants there will be hazards resulting from significant traffic movements. Road safety issues after the completion of the project will include spread of communicable diseases including HIV and STI, and faster vehicle speeds, may also lead to more accidents. In addition, the nature of potential environmental risks inherent to the medium-scale civil works, the potential downstream environmental implications that may arise when and if the proposed Technical Assistance activities under component 3 (multiyear transport investment plan, safer roads investment plan, etc.), CERC activities leading to future investments, and borrower’s capacity to implement mitigation measures under the Environmental and Social Framework are also other factors in consideration. Borrower capacity to manage environmental and social risks and impacts under the ESF is weak and the project shall also likely involve contractors with limited experience with ESSs requirements. Lastly, the proposed “High” environmental risk rating is further substantiated by potential risks and impacts, associated with quarry sites, induced access roads, crusher and asphalt plants and other investments planned to be carried out contemporaneously with the project. Road sections Rumonge-Gitaza PK25- PK70 (45km) and Nyanza-Lac – Rumonge (52km), to be respectively financed by the Africa Development Bank and Arab Bank are planned to be carried out contemporaneously with the project and the three criteria for facilities or activities to be so called “associated facilities” are not met as defined in ESS1, paragraph 11. Social Risk Rating High The Social risk rating of the project is High due to the particularly complex risks of involuntary resettlement and the risks inherent to the high influx of labor include interactions between the workers and the population. Women and Jul 31, 2022 Page 5 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) girls in Burundi are vulnerable to risks of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse, and Sexual Harassment , with many cases going unreported (Women’s Refugee Commission 2014). Gender and SEA/SH risk assessments will be carried out during project preparation. ESS2 and non-discrimination in access to employment opportunities for the communities including the Indigenous people(Batwa as a known name in Burundi) along the road will be a key consideration for this project. Land acquisition and involuntary displacement will be assessed for the project activities as the road constructions will likely involve temporary economic and permanent displacement (where realignment of road is necessary) for project affected persons or businesses whose structures or economic activities may be located in road rights of way or areas where other project facilities may be built. The Burundian authorities already assessed different solutions in order to minimize these involuntary displacements and the task team will review those reports as soon as they receive them including 5 RAP which are underway revising. Potential physical or economic displacement risks will be mitigated by ensuring equitable access and non-discrimination to project benefits, recruitment, compensation for all the stakeholders. The initial screening determined that no Batwa communities are likely to be present along the RN3 corridor. However, the last supervision mission and the ESIA report confirmed the presence of Batwa communities in the project area while even identifying the number of households per site along the RN3, PK 18 and near the corridor. In addition to this site, the project has identified other sites, including Kinyinya, 5 km from the RN3, inhabited by 12 IPs households, Nyamuzi site, 10 km from the RN3, inhabited by 36 IPs households, Rugembe, 16 km from the RN3, inhabited by 18 IPs households, Mayebe site 13 km from the RN3 (towards Kirinzi Parish), Gomvyi site 20 km from the RN3, Mwaza/Kiburu site 9 km from the RN3 inhabited by 30 IPs households and the Masama site, 4 km from the RN3 occupied by 33 IPs households. Thus, as the presence of IPs is known and confirmed in the project area, an IPPs is being developed and will be disclosed prior to the completed appraisal. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP), a Labor Management Procedures (LMP), a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) and 5 RAPs for known Public Disclosure road segments, and an SEA/SH Action Plan, annexed in the ESMF, are underway developed during project preparation to ensure inclusion of prevention, mitigation and response measures addressing social risks related to SEA/SH, and/or other risks affecting vulnerable populations. The SEP will include different measures to encourage the effective engagement and participation of the stakeholders. The project will adopt an integrated approach to addressing social risks, which includes a focus on economic empowerment of women, promoting women’s’ participation in decision- making, and SEA/SH response and prevention. Sexual Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment (SEA/SH) Risk Rating Substantial A preliminary risk screening has rated the project as substantial regarding SEA/SH risks based on national context and high levels of GBV, and activities anticipated by the project. In Burundi, prevalence of GBV, including intimate partner and sexual violence is higher than the regional average, in which nearly half (47%) of Burundian women report having experienced physical or sexual intimate partner violence, and approximately a quarter of women (23%) report having experienced sexual violence in their lifetime. The 62% of Burundi women believe that a man is justified in beating his wife in at least one household scenario, all of which are higher than average for the Sub-Saharan Africa region. Nearly a quarter of women in Burundi report being married before the age of 18 (23%).[1] Women and girls with few economic opportunities (such as single mothers, women traders, orphaned or vulnerable children, women with disabilities, out-of-school girls, refugee women and girls) may resort to transactional or coerced sex to meet their survival needs, or the survival needs of their families.[2] To date, the project has undertaken community consultation in some localities, during which concerns regarding GBV have arisen. Mainly showing the community's fear of the increase of GBV within the community due to the project's activities, coupled with the inequality suffered by women compared to men in Burundian society. The SEA/SH risks related to the project are as follows: (i) limited project capacity to monitor implementation across the full span of the work, (ii) difficulty in supervising female and male workers who work in close proximity; (iii) implementation areas including rural, peri-urban, and urban areas; (iv) and Jul 31, 2022 Page 6 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) construction work near school route or other pedestrian access that women and girls use for daily activities. A number of risk mitigation measures will therefore be outlined and put in place under the SEA/SH Action Plan in order to adequately prevent, mitigate and respond to SEA/SH risks under the project. This action plan will be developed by the project and integrated as an annex in the ESMF, and it will likewise include the recommendations of the SEA/SH Good Practice Note Addressing SEA/SH (Good Practice Notes) SEA/SH) in Investment Project Financing involving Major Civil Works. As part of these planned measures, the project has drafted a code of conduct outlining prohibited SEA/SH behaviors and applicable sanctions and will also establish an independent grievance redress mechanism, which contains specific procedures to manage SEA/SH complaints safely and confidentially, including a response protocol to ensure the timely referral of survivors to a quality and holistic package of support services. The project will likewise establish regular training for project personnel and actors on SEA/SH, the code of conduct, and access to the GRM. In addition, the project will recruit a GBV specialist to assure and supervise the implementation of the SEA/SH Action Plan. [1] 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi [2] Victoria Rames, Clémence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima (2017) USAID/Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/741681582580194727- 0290022020/original/ESFGoodPracticeNoteonGBVinMajorCivilWorksv2.pdf B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Public Disclosure Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: The scope of the World Bank’s E&S due diligence of the project included i) reviewing the environmental and social instruments prepared, including the draft ESMF with a SEA/SH Action Plan annexed, the draft ESIAs/ESMPs/RAP for the road sections : boulevard Ndadaye of PK0 at the Chanic roundabout, and of Boulevard Mambutsa, between the united nations roundabout at the Roundabout of the Gare du Nord; the construction of 11km new bypass and the installation of fiber optic cable and ii) conducting meetings with key stakeholders. This ESSs will apply to activities under Components 1, 2 , 3, 4 and 6. The Borrower has drafted the following E&S risk management instruments : a draft ESMF with a SEA/SH Action Plan annexed, which covers all potential socioeconomic and ancillary facilities, a SEP, LMP, and two draft ESIAs/ESMPs for rehabilitation of National Road number 3 (RN 3, PK0-25), Western bypass of Bujumbura town and Boulevard Mwambutsa and Boulevard Ndadaye. To contribute to the ongoing public consultations and stakeholder engagement process in the challenging context of COVID-19, the above listed two draft ESIAs/ESMPs were disclosed in their preliminary versions on February 8th, 2022 in country and by the Association on February 9th, 2022 for the purpose of meeting the Pelosi Amendment requirements. Final versions and other ESA instruments will be finalized, consulted, approved and redisclosed prior to completing appraisal. The draft ESMF (i) covers TA activities (component 4), ancillary works and socioeconomic infrastructures (component 3), and (ii) addresses risks and impacts that will become known once sites, and detailed engineering are available. Risks and impacts to be generated by construction and support infrastructure / activities are discussed and addressed in the draft ESMF. Activities carried out under CERC component(if activated) shall also meet ESSs requirements. An annex CERC to ESMF has been prepared and shall be updated as part of the CERC activation package. For the CERC, an ERM will be developed during implementation, with detailed information on (a) mechanism for activating the CERC; (b) main Jul 31, 2022 Page 7 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) instruments under the CERC; (c) coordination and implementation arrangements; (d) procurement, FM, and disbursement aspects; (e) compliance with environmental and social management policies; and (f) M&E. The draft ESIA/ESMP reports for rehabilitation of National Road number 3 (RN 3, PK0-25), Western bypass of Bujumbura town and Boulevard Mwambutsa and Boulevard Ndadaye identified adverse impacts related to the loss of 114 trees. Other potential adverse risks and impacts predicted and featured in the above referenced draft ESIA/ESMP reports and the draft ESMF include: Wildlife habitat disturbance and illegal activities with potential impact to Crocodile and Hippos; disruption to services such as electricity and water supply to communities; risk of landslides; disruption of mobility; degradation of wetlands and groundwater quality; noise and vibration; OHS risks including fire risk at quarry and asphalt plant sites, traffic risks both for workers and pedestrian; increased erosion and sediment runoff; inadequate management of the waste and wastewater generated; loss of assets, property and revenue : land(126), property (77) , crops (97), loss of revenue from shops (760), agricultural land (758 Ares). The emission of airborne particulates (PM10) shall constitute an important health risk related to quarry activities. At asphalt Plant there will be hazards resulting from significant traffic movements, falls from height. Other risks include OHS community risks of road works, including SEA/SH, COVID19 and HIV/AID. Given the final decision for the source of construction materials and location of other ancillary facilities shall be made by contractors, the two ESIA/ESMP reports and the ESMF prepared for the project have provided guidance for the preparation of subsequent ESIA and ESMPs by the client and contractors. The Bank’s review has confirmed the need for risks and impacts assessment related to quarry sites, asphalts and crusher plants, accommodation camps and access roads, which will be undertaken prior to the commencement of the civil works as part of the elaboration of site-specific ESMPs. Public Disclosure An assessment of indirect effects and potential cumulative impacts was conducted as part of the above mentioned ESIA processes (component 1&3). Indirect impacts featured in the reports include improved accessibility for attraction sites in the project area, informal settlements, disruption of mobility(movement of trucks), induced growth indirect impacts, air quality pollution, disruption of natural processes as erosion might result in adverse cumulative effects far beyond the road corridor and the project area, affecting slopes. Road issues after the completion of the project shall include traffic risks as faster vehicle speeds, may also lead to more accidents, induced development with informal settlements and spread of communicable diseases including HIV and STI. Storm water from the roof catchment and surface run-off may pose some environmental issues which can lead to increased erosion or flooding in the neighboring areas if not adequately mitigated. Traffic activities of the Great Lakes Trade Facilitation and Integration Project (P174814) in south to upgrade Rumonge Port will be disrupted as it is the only road which will be used. Operation phase ESMPs shall consider these issues and community outreach activities will be factored in these instruments. The two ESIA/ESMP reports include E&S clauses for contractors and provides a comprehensive description of relevant information concerning the legal, policy and administrative framework, the environmental and social baseline and assessment of risks and impacts. Contractors will be required, as a condition of their contracts, to develop before the commencement of works and implement throughout their contracts the following E&S management tools : C-ESMP (which will ensure that impacts related to quarry sites, asphalts and crusher plants, accommodation camps and access roads are assessed, and mitigation measures proposed as part of the elaboration of site-specific ESMPs); site- specific OHS Management Plan; borrow pits and quarry sites operation and rehabilitation plan; crusher, concrete batch and asphalt plants sites operation and rehabilitation plan; Waste Management Plan; Water Quality Jul 31, 2022 Page 8 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) Management Plan; Traffic Management Plan ; Erosion and Sediment Control Plan ; Emergence Preparedness and Response Plan including medical evacuation measures; Chance Finds Procedures During implementation, the project will ensure application of stringent measures appropriate to the nature and scale of the risk and impact, including: - investigating potential project alternatives that would avoid critical natural habitats and other sensitive environmental, social and cultural receptors, minimizing land acquisition as set out in relevant ESSs; - Avoiding involuntary resettlement or if unavoidable, minimizing land acquisition as set out in relevant ESSs, - Mitigating the adverse social and economic effects of land acquisition or land use restrictions. Consultancies, studies shall carried out in accordance with ToR acceptable to the World Bank, and consistent with the ESSs, including SEA/SH aspects. Thereafter ensure that the outputs of such activities comply with the ToRs. The construction and the operation of the multiyear transport investment plan projects have the potential to affect the landscape and townscape character of the area as road corridors, particularly in new construction may cut through ecosystems and compromise their stability and health. Additional studies to be undertaken under the TA shall include the Strategic ESA of the multiyear transport investment plan. These studies shall (i) consider the impacts of multiple transportation projects within specific settings, (ii) integrate environmental considerations, including biodiversity net gain, into our thinking throughout the development of the future transport network, (iii) ensure that all new transport schemes cause minimal disruption to the environment both during construction and operation, and (iv) embedded safe systems approach into all planning and transport operations to achieve zero fatalities or serious injuries. ToRs for Labor-intensive works will include workplace safety, E&S considerations. Public Disclosure The AfDB and Arab Bank financed road sections are not considered “associated facilities” because the three criteria for facilities or activities to be so called “associated facilities” are not meet. Periodic meetings with all partners including contractors shall be held. The Borrower shall take responsibility for establishing and supervising a GRM with specific procedures to handle SEA/SH complaints. Contractors will be responsible for monitoring and reporting E&S performance to the supervision engineer and the Borrower. Contractors will monitor fuel consumption, injury rates, air quality, noise and vibration, jobs offered to local population, effluent quality of the wastewater at the workshop and waste generation. E&S performance indicators will be reported to and reviewed quarterly and annually. As needed, the Borrower will provide necessary resources to plan and implement corrective actions to improve performance and monitor environmental performance during maintenance works. The requirements for staffing, reporting, indicators and the training and capacity building needed to support the PIU are included in the two ESIAs/ESMPs reports prepared for the project and reflected in the ESCP. The required supervision consultant services will be carried out accordingly and will be complemented by a third-party technical auditor supporting the PIU. The project ESCP was developed and disclosed by appraisal. It includes commitments to develop a capacity building plan, and undertake the required assessments... ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure The objective of the stakeholder engagement is to incorporate views from all stakeholders through meaningful consultations, to improve the environmental and social sustainability of the project, enhance its acceptance, and make a significant contribution to successful project design and implementation. The components of the project all Jul 31, 2022 Page 9 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) have different types of stakeholders that might be directly or indirectly affected. A SEP shall be prepared to ensure adequate consultations with all stakeholders before completing appraisal and will be implemented and updated proportionate to the nature and scale of project activities during implementation. This plan shall address specific risks identified by stakeholders, including risks to vulnerable people including Batwa community(Indigenous People) as defined by the reference to the Bank’s Directive on Addressing Impacts on Disadvantaged or Vulnerable Individuals or Groups, security and/or safety risks affecting delivery of services, etc., and it shall be updated as and when necessary. The TT will help the Borrower in the identification of disadvantaged or vulnerable individuals or groups or differentiated mitigation measures. As a key focus of the project is to ensure that women and vulnerable groups can access project benefits, the stakeholder engagement process shall ensure that their views are incorporated in project design and implementation, and that risks particularly affecting women and girls, vulnerable groups are adequately assessed and mitigated. To this end, consultations shall be undertaken in separate groups and conducted by persons with the same sex. Batwa Community shall be separately consulted in accordance with the requirements of ESS7, and the project shall ensure that they are able to benefit from the project activities. The project shall also include a grievance redress mechanism according to requirements established by ESS10. In this sense, the overall project GRM will be able to handle complaints regarding adverse temporary or permanent project impacts, including complaints related SEA/SH. The specific measures for SEA/SH complaints shall include multiple, safe and accessible to women entry points for reporting of complaints, referrals to GBV service providers (at the minimum medical, psychosocial and legal aid) as well as confidential and survivor-centered procedures for management and verification of complaints. A GRM will also be provided by contractors for workers to raise work place concerns and will likewise be adapted to address SEA/SH complaints safely and confidentially. Public Disclosure B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions ESS2 is relevant for the project. While the exact quantitative employment information is to be determined during the implementation, the project workers engaged or employed shall include direct workers (for example, consultants hired in PIU, such as environment and social specialists, procurement specialists); contracted workers (for example, skilled and non-skilled construction workers engaged by contractors of each subproject); community workers (for example, community members engaged in road maintenance work); and primary supply workers (for example, workers engaged or recruited for essential construction materials to be purchased on an ongoing basis, as defined in ESS2.) Project-related government civil servants are those who shall support the project in the Burundi Roads Agency (BRA/ARB) or other government agencies that may ultimately play an important role in the project. Potential risks related to labor and working conditions, such as labor influx (see also ESS1 Section), child labor, forced labor, work-related discrimination and OHS risks, shall be assessed and addressed through the preparation and implementation of labor management procedures (LMP). The LMP will assess key potential labor risks and include measures to ensure that labor is provided on a voluntary basis and will further ensure the health and safety of workers, including prevention of SEA/SH risks among workers. It will also provide details about grievance redress mechanisms, including procedures to manage SEA/SH-related complaints, for workers and the roles and responsibilities of contractors and PIUs in managing ESS2. . The signing of codes of conducts (COC) will be a condition of employment for any and all temporary or full-time workers. These COC will include provisions for addressing SEA/SH with applicable sanctions in case of non-compliance, and include prohibitions against sexual activity with Jul 31, 2022 Page 10 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) anyone under the age of 18. The project will ensure that regular trainings in local languages are conducted by the contractor for workers on labor provisions, codes of conduct, SEA/SH risks and consequences, and the grievance redress mechanisms sensitive to SEA/SH. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). Works will entail hazards associated with roads, socioeconomic infrastructures, traffic, vehicles, weather, and tasks. Electrical equipment, welding, chemical hazard, construction vehicles, motorized equipment, overlapping work with optic fiber laying, asphalt fume exposure, temporary traffic control zones, working at height and safety and hygiene in worker camps will present hazards for workers and motorists. To ensure the health and safety of workers during the construction, contractors will be responsible for conducting job safety analysis as part of their site-specific Occupational Health and Safety Management Plans, providing training to workers, performing OHS inspections, and permitting. The site-specific Occupational Health and Safety Management Plans will be in line with World Bank Group Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines (for construction activities), and International Good Practices, including emergency preparedness and response measures in line with WHO guidelines on COVID-19. Specific provisions on health and safety protection will be included in the contractors’ contracts and will be supervised by the enterprise’ supervisors. Safety performance will be monitored and reviewed by supervision engineer and the PIU. Incident investigations will be consistently carried out and include root cause analyses and identification of corrective actions. The contractor will also have in place an emergency preparedness and response plans including firefighting, evacuation, vehicles accidents, incidents, as required by local legislation and consistent with the ESF requirements. Mandatory emergency response training and defensive driving training will be provided to the drivers. The C-ESMP will describe the responsibilities of Contractors, Supervising Engineers, the project developer and other stakeholders with regards to occupational health and safety during construction and operation. Public Disclosure Worker’s Accommodation: The C-ESMP will also include a worker’s construction site life base management plan, if applicable, although given the close proximity of the works to Bujumbura, these construction sites life bases are expected to be limited in size and duration. A labor influx management plan shall be prepared, including key principles for human resources management which prescribe transparent procedures for recruitment of temporary local employees to reduce risk of social unrest. The Contractors and Supervising Engineers shall be requested in their bids to provide a specific budget line for the C-ESMP. Payments of contractors shall will be linked to their performance and this approach will be further discussed during the preparation with the Borrower. For SEA/SH incidents, the GRM operator to be recruited by the project will be trained in a survivor-centered approach and an appropriate channel for managing these complaints will be set up. The project will hire the GRM local operator to ensure that basic services are provided to the survivors (these include at a minimum medical, psychosocial, and judicial services). ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management ESS3 is relevant for the project regarding energy and water use, air pollution and noise impacts during construction phases, construction waste, handling and disposal of hazardous chemicals and waste, and the disposal of end-of-life vehicle batteries containing hazardous materials. Waste generated by construction activities includes construction waste, domestic solid waste and hazardous waste. Construction waste is expected to include concrete, asphalt plants, gravel, stone, inert materials, wood, metals, plastics, insulation, packaging, plasterboard/gypsum, earth and topsoil and vegetation. It also includes food waste, Jul 31, 2022 Page 11 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) sanitary waste, card and paper, packaging and plastics. Hazardous waste is expected to include used engine oil, healthcare waste, used tires, oily rags, used batteries, empty containers and bitumen. Mitigation measures to manage and reduce or mitigate general and hazardous wastes are provided in both drafts ESIAs/ESMPs and ESMF instruments to be finalized and cleared prior to completing appraisal. Contractors and subcontractors shall be required to develop a waste inventory that details the different waste streams, their classification, quantities, storage requirements, and potential use, and treatment and disposal arrangements. Transport and handling of hazardous materials and hazardous waste will be done in a manner consistent with ESS3 and national legislation requirements(validated disposal shall be identified in collabotation with OBPE) . Risk and impacts related to accidental spillages of hazardous material during construction will be managed according to the spill prevention and response plan in the C-ESMP. Used oil from maintenance of vehicle and other engines shall be collected and disposed of appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally. Entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution. Raw materials shall be sourced from licensed and/or authorized sites localized within the project areas, prioritizing the use of areas already under exploration over the opening of new ones. The Draft ESIA/ESMP prepared for rehabilitation of about of about 25 km of road section(RN3) and the two urban roads sections (4km) identifies 170 existing quarry/borrow pit sites in the project area, which can source aggregates and gravel for the construction works if the material extracted in these areas meet the quality requirements. The total number of cooperatives exploiting these materials is nearly 90. Given that the borrow pits/deposit, asphalt plant, quarry and socioeconomic infrastructure sites cannot be determined before appraisal, the draft ESMF as well as the draft ESIA/ESMP reports for rehabilitation of about of about 25 km of road section(RN3) and the two urban roads sections (4km) have provided Public Disclosure guidance for the preparation of any subsequent ESIAs/ESMPs by the client and contractors according to ESF requirements. For new borrow pits/quarry sites, contractors will be required to prepare and implement operation and rehabilitation plans. For existing borrow pits/quarry sites that will be used for this project, a code of procedures for key suppliers will developed as part of the ESMPs for ancillary works. It outlines supplier's commitments/obligations with respect to child labor, forced labor, and general health and safety conditions. The ESMP for quarry sites,crusher and asphalt plants will include a dust management plan, a plan to undertake regular maintenance and repair of access roads, and a plan indicating the location of the proposed extraction sites as well as rehabilitation measures to be implemented for the borrow areas and access roads upon project completion. The Quarry Management Plan will show (i) the extent to the area to be developed, (ii) the working methods, (iii) access and haulage routes between the quarry/borrow area and the destination for the extracted material, (iv) the quantities of material to be extracted, an estimate of the waste materials to be generated and disposal details for such waste materials, (v) measures to minimize the quarry area and its visual impact on the surrounding area, (vi) measures for the long-term rehabilitation of the quarry and borrow workings, such as re-vegetation, drainage and sloping. Energy and water supply are identified in the draft ESIA/ESMP reports as relevant aspects for the operation of the construction support infrastructures and associated works. Water will also be used to produce concrete, and to help compaction for a smoother longer lasting road surface. Water abstraction from the rivers in the project area will be used for dust mitigation. The estimated water needs of the project are: (1) Bypass: 70,000 tons, and (ii) RN3 : 235,000 tons. The surface water quality ((pH, To, Turbidity, DO, BOC, COD, Fecal coliforms, TSS, volume) and groundwater quantity are not investigated in the two ESIA/ESMP reports prepared for the project. Their assessment and required mitigation measures will be presented as part of the C-ESMP and ESMPs for socioeconomic infrastructures in case improvement or replacement of existing water wells are selected as suprojects. C-ESMP and Jul 31, 2022 Page 12 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) ESMPs for socioeconomic infrastructures will then address the use of water and energy considering the mitigation hierarchy and efficient use and management of all types of material, including waste. Contractors will obtain all prior approvals, assess and confirm that domestic uses will not be disrupted before proceeding with Water abstraction from the rivers. All sources of effluents and outlets in the natural environment will be listed, located and characterized by the Contractor, worksite by worksite. All drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations. During the construction phase, dust will arise from construction works due to excavation work, movement of vehicles, stock piling of materials, operation of crusher and asphalt plants, and general earth works at the site.The ESIAs prepared for the project feature the expected adverse impacts on ambient air quality. However, impact to ambient air quality during the operation phase is not assessed (using air quality modelling) because of lack of baseline data. Contractor will be required to prepare and implement as part of the C-ESMP a detailed Air Emissions and Dust Control Management Plan and shall detail all site-specific measures the Contractor will implement during the construction period to identify and manage and reduce all nuisances caused by air emissions and dust production resulting from the construction activities including from project’s traffic along the access roads. The plan will also include specific measures for the reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions in compliance with ESS3 and proportionate to the potential impacts referring to greenhouse gas. It will also refer to the applicable WB EHS Guidelines and other internationally recognized sources, as appropriate, when evaluating and selecting resource efficiency and pollution prevention and control techniques for the project. The Supervising Engineer shall be responsible for the supervision of the implementation of the C-ESMP and Health and Safety Plans and the detailed Air Emissions and Dust Control Management Plan. Public Disclosure The Project is not expected to emit significant GHG. The project is called to avoid or minimize project-related emissions of short and long-lived climate pollutants, avoid or minimize generation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste, and practice resource efficiency. Therefore, GHG accounting is not needed for the project as per existing knowledge at this stage of the project. But with the respect to GHG emissions, some of the project emissions are expected to come from: (i) various used machinery at the Asphalt plant and quarry sites; (ii) passenger traffic (similar to freight, but in passenger-km), (iii) mobile equipment such as truck movements, etc. Emissions are also expected from land transport vehicles. Also, storms, flooding, or other natural disasters may increase risk of pollution through waste or chemical run-off into waterways in the project area. To mitigate emissions from the above sources, ESIA/ESMPs proposed measures and actions that limit and reduce GHG emissions. For instance, maintenance of vehicles, improved drainage systems alongside the road, etc. Soil erosion is a significant potential risks presented in the ESIA/ESMP report for rehabilitation of about 25 km of road section(RN3). This is also expected at the quarry sites, access roads, crusher and asphalt plants, and borrow pits mentioned under the previous section. Also greenfield bypass works shall generate adverse impacts and risks on the Lake Tanganyika caused by soil erosion, and runoff, as well as hydrocarbon spills. The Contractor will be required to prepare and submit a Materials Management Plan that documents how excavated soils and materials are to be handled. After vegetation clearing, all topsoil (top 10 centimeters) from temporary or permanent worksite will be removed and safely stored separately from other excavation spoil. Contractors will be required to prepare and implement erosion and sediment control on steep slopes exposed to gully erosion plan as part of their C-ESMPs, and measures shall rely on (i) storm water control design (peripheral drainage), (ii) design of the slope (including berms), (iii) run-off control by revegetation and (iv) stabilization of sensitive areas by engineering methods. Contractor will be required to detail its methodology regarding sedimentation control in the Site Environmental Protection Plan for any river diversion works and other in-river works. Noise and vibration will be produce Jul 31, 2022 Page 13 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) ESS4 Community Health and Safety ESS4 is relevant for the project and associated with civil works and ancillary activities (quarry and asphalt plant operation). Several activities under components 1 and 2 have the potential to expose the public to health and safety risks and hazards. Risks and impacts are related to noise and vibration, traffic safety and community health and safety. Accident risks to communities from construction-related traffic and disruptions to normal traffic patterns are expected. Additional disruption is expected and related to bridge construction, where temporary bridges adjacent to the existing bridges will be erected to accommodate traffic flow. Other anticipated risks and impacts include community health and safety risks associated with construction/rehabilitation work, such as traffic safety, community exposure to diseases (COVID19, HIV/AIDS and STD), hazardous materials and emergency preparedness. Destruction and relocation of utilities from the Right of Way (RoW) to receive permanent works are also expected. Use of explosives during rock blasting shall generate significant amount of vibrations, noise and dusts that impact communities close to quarry sites, and abandoned quarry or borrow pit sites may into turn ponds and mosquito breeding ground. Dust pollution in quarries will pose various health risks to its workers as well as to the surrounding rural and urban communities. Such risks include respiratory ailments, skin and eye problems, and safety issues due to poor visibility. The two ESIA/ESMP reports and the ESMF prepared for the project evaluate the risks and impacts to the health and Public Disclosure safety of the affected communities during the project life-cycle and establish preventive and control measures consistent with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP), such as in the World Bank Group General Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines. Contractors will be required to prepare and implement the SEP, which includes regular community meetings on safety & construction hazards, announcement in advance of heavy construction activities, restriction of access to work sites, awareness campaigns on traffic related risks, including school children. ESIAs/ESMPs for ancillary infrastructures will include all measures required to avoid accidents to traffic management and vibration hazards. These include blasting to be avoided as much as possible (e.g. mechanical excavation instead). If not avoidable, international good practices must be applied (e.g. adapting the blast plan, safety buffer zone, temporary evacuation, warnings, post-inspections, community awareness). Structural assessment of the nearest buildings to verify structural integrity prior to start of the constructions works. Housing existing before the start of the works, located within a minimum radius of 800 m around the perimeter of the quarry area or within a minimum radius of 500 m around the other worksites that are subject to blasting, will also be documented by contractors. Road safety: Road accidents have substantial impacts on the community, and this can be reduced through proper attention and incorporation of safety measures in the design. Road safety risks are addressed at the core of the design and implementation of roads and non-motorized infrastructure. Given the severity of crashes along one section of the RN3, resulting from pedestrian/vehicle and non-motorable conflicts, separate, emergency and bus stop points at regular intervals are being determined by the design studies. This requires additional specific information to be gathered regarding land use (schools, factories, bus shelters, main routes), motorized and non-motorized users and main paths (origin and destination) of most trips. The road accidents are related to the fast- growing traffic and the many safety challenges on the 25 km section. Specific traffic safety measures are defined, implemented, and documented in areas close to schools. Contractors will be required to prepare and implement a detailed Traffic Jul 31, 2022 Page 14 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) Management Plan as part of their C-ESMP. The plan will (i) define the characteristics of the construction fleet of vehicles and site machinery, (ii) describe the expected Project’s traffic (frequency of trips between worksites, working hours, convoys) and (ii) detail all site-specific measures the Contractor will implement during the construction period to minimize the nuisances to neighborhood generated by its fleet and reduce the risk of accident. Contractors will provide each of its drivers with a map at the appropriate scale of the roads authorized for the execution of the works, clearly indicating the maximum speeds authorized. Ecosystem services. Impacts on freshwater ecosystems at Kanyosha and Kibenga villages are expected because works shall be carried out within two watercourses (Mugere and Kanyosha rivers). Local communities extract stone and sand from these rivers during the rainy and dry seasons. It represents a major source of drinking and domestic water. In addition, this area is prone to erosion and if soil particles or large of amount sediment enter the water, it may cover spawning beds, and indirectly affect water quality. Consequently the oxygen content is reduced in those areas resulting in higher egg mortality and decreased spawning success. All instruments will assess and propose mitigation measures, and they will include key approach to silt control during construction; excavation or disturbance of the bed of any waterway shall not occur unless required as part of construction of small bridges; consideration of weather conditions in programming earthworks, etc. Cumulative impacts, climate change and Natural Hazards: The proposed investments, in conjunction with other identified projects, would contribute to an increase in impervious surfaces in the project area, which would result in an increase in storm water runoff. Cumulative impacts identified in the ESIA/ESMP reports prepared for the project include, risks of potential cumulative impacts associated with concurrent road use; air quality pollution; Increased risk Public Disclosure of GBV/SH in the project area; increase in storm water runoff; Roads to be rehabilitated, are being designed to minimize runoff below existing levels. The wildfire hazard is classified as High in the targeted areas while landslide and earthquake hazards are classified Medium. The Contractor will perform a Climate Change Risk Assessment and design criteria for flood control will be in alignment with findings of the Climate Change Risk Assessment. Protection for natural hazards will be performed, to the satisfaction of the supervision engineer and the third-party technical auditor supporting the PIU with respect to public safety. Climate resilience requirements are being introduced in design studies. These requirements are such that the targeted road sections have the robustness to withstand climate shocks resulting from floods and landslides – when they do occur. In addition, is subcomponent is dedicated to climate Resilient and finance technical assistance to prepare a rolling medium-term Climate Resilient Transport Priority Investment Program (CR-TPIP) to be mainstreamed into the PND (2018-2027). The Borrower and contractors shall work in close liaison with the utilities service providers as the design progresses. To ensure that engineering measures are included to improve slope stability in erosion/flood prone areas along the road, a feedback mechanism shall be established between the ESIA team and design team. Additionally, the project needs to ensure that a robust GRM is in place to manage the potential complaints, including SEA/SH incidents that could arise from the community in case of non-employment, divergence in cultural behavior of external workers, and differing behaviors. Finally, the ESMPs will include measures to address the risks of SEA/SH according to the Good Practice Note (see above). A SEA/SH Action plan shall be drafted and consulted with stakeholder groups. A community awareness-raising strategy will be developed to inform the communities about identified risks and consequences, prohibited behaviors, and GRM procedures to report SEA/SH incidents safely and confidentially, including locally available GBV service providers. The project will update the mapping of existing GBV service providers in the intervention areas, and will carry out a quality assessment of them, in order to subsequently develop Jul 31, 2022 Page 15 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) a referral pathway for SEA/SH survivors, which will include, at a minimum, quality medical services, psychosocial assistance, and legal support. Emergency preparation and Response plan: The PIU shall ensure that contractors prepare and implement an emergency preparedness and response plan, and coordinate related actions prior to implementation of subproject activities and maintain throughout the Project implementation period, A security risks assessment shall be done shortly and if it shows any security risks, some measures will have to be taken accordingly and the Project shall develop for that a Traffic Safety Management Plan( SMP ). ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement The project is expected to involve temporary and/or permanent economic and physical displacement for people living in or near the targeted areas for the road construction. Although permanent physical displacement is expected to be minimal and the location is already known, 5 RAPs will be prepared, consulted upon and disclosed for the project in order to manage these displacements. The sub-projects affected by these RAPs are presented as follows: (i ) Works on the RN3 Axis (URBAN PART) : PK00 -PK 11 (LOT 1). For this sub-project, the survey identified 185 individuals whose property and/or assets are impacted by the development of the bypass. The surveys revealed that the project will result in the loss of agricultural land, the loss of and damage to certain precarious commercial occupancies, as well as restrictions on access during construction. The total area of land affected is 23,600 square Public Disclosure meters. In addition to that, a part of the cemetery will be affected with an area of 2,137.5 square meters including 55 graves. For that, the prescriptions of the ESS 8 were applied by consulting the local residents, the customary and administrative authorities as well as the members of the families of these tombs; (ii ) Work of the AXIS RN3 (Rural part) : PK11-PK 25, Lot 2. For this sub-project,the activities will affect a total of 505 people in 8 municipalities and an area of 73,280 square meters including 20,300 for the loss of land, 18,650 for the loss of crops, 34,330 for loss of built structures and 769 feet for loss of trees.. These eight (8) municipalities are: Mukaza, Isale, Kabezi, Kanyosha, Mubimbi, Muha, Muhuta, Nyabiraba; ( iii ) Works on the BOULEVARD MWAMBUTSA AXIS(LOT 3). Within the framework of this RAP, the work of cleaning the base of earthworks and liveling will constitute the main factors which will induce resettlement. The activities of this sub-project will impact 57 people whose 11 will suffer a loss of land with an area of 1,808 square meters; (iv ) Works on MELCHIOR NDADAYE BOULEVARD (LOT 4) . For this subproject,the survey identified 26 people whose property and/or assets are impacted by the rehabilitation of Boulevard Ndadaye. These surveys also revealed that the project will cause access restrictions during the road works. For Lot 4 activities, losses are lost earnings during the construction phases. These are losses of revenue related to the disruption of commercial activities on the project right-of-way as a result of the work and (v) Works of the WESTERN BYPASS OF BUJUMBURA (LOT 5). The activities that will mainly lead to resettlement are related to clearing the rights- of-way of the various occupations that have been identified in the framework of the RAP. Thus, the work of clearing the site, earthwork and grading will be the main factors that will lead to resettlement. The socio-economic survey identified 1175 people whose property and/or assets are impacted by the development and construction of the Bujumbura western bypass road with a loss of land equivalent to 1075, 92 ares, 1309 trees, 45471 square meters of cultivated areas and 760 people whose sources of income will be affected. The Burundian authorities intend to minimize displacement and will try to avoid it when possible. Any compensation will be paid before the Jul 31, 2022 Page 16 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) implementation of works on relevant project subcomponents. As permanent physical displacement will be limited, no replacement land or resettlement sites will be necessary. As you know, the project's area of intervention crosses two provinces, one rural and one urban. Given the type of work to be carried out, the ESS 5 is considered relevant. On this, the temporary and permanent physical and economic displacements are unavoidable. Given that the sites for the social infrastructure are not yet known and that the construction/rehabilitation of the social infrastructure may require land acquisition, a Resettlement Policy Framework will be developed, consulted and disclosed prior to project appraisal. As the activities of the main axes have been defined and will affect people and their property, the project will prepare 5 Resettlement Action Plans before the effective date of the project. While the undefined related activities and social infrastructure will be covered by the RPF. All PAPs who have lost their livelihoods will have their livelihoods restored through a livelihood restoration plan, which may be a separate or independent instrument from the RAP or included in the RAPs to be developed. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources ESS6 is relevant at this stage of the project because the World Bank’s due diligence has identified several protected areas and sensitive habitats within the area of the project. A 1 km buffer includes Lake Tanganyika, Mugere, Kanyosha and Muha rivers, and the Rumonge Nature Reserve as natural habitats, a 10 km buffer includes the Rusizi Public Disclosure Delta/RAMSAR site, Rusizi National Park, and 50 km buffer includes Kibira and Ruvubu National Parks, Rumonge Natural Forest, Kigwena Natural Reseve and Monge Forest. Three ecoregions overlap the 50 km buffer, straddling the RN3 and bypass segment of the roads to be constructed: the Albertine Rift Montane Forests Ecoregion, the Victoria Basin Forest-savanna mosaic ecoregion and the Central Zambezian miombo woodlands ecoregion. Those ecoregions constitute of exceptional faunal and floral endemism with endangered/critical species Environmental assessment: Fauna, flora, species conservation concern illegal hunting and poaching were assessed as part of the ESMF and ESIA/ESMP reports prepared for the project. The ESIA/ESMP for rehabilitation of National Road number 3 (RN 3, PK0-25), Western bypass of Bujumbura town has identified potential adverse impacts (poaching and disturbance of their ecological habitats alongside Tanganyika Lake coastline) to crocodile and Hippos. An assessment of impacts to habitat related to the construction of greenfield bypass shall be carried out prior the commencing of activities at that section of road. A total of 114 trees will be cleared. Ecosystem services related to the Project have been identified as: fishing, crop land, fishing, sand mining, etc. Construction and maintenance of the road might also result in terrestrial and aquatic habitats alteration, disturbance, pollution and lack of ecological functions and ecosystem services. But also, the integrity/fragmentation of habitats, wildlife migration routes. Impacts resulting from both construction activities and O&M activities, emergency events such as forest fire, and indirect impacts such as increased access to previously inaccessible high-biodiversity areas should be considered. Cumulative impacts should also be considered if other activities or developments are identified in the vicinity of the project footprint. Impact assessment: The assessment should consider not only fauna, flora, species of conservation concern, but also the integrity/fragmentation of habitats, wildlife migration routes. Impacts resulting from both construction activities and O&M activities, emergency events such as forest fire, and indirect impacts such as increased access to previously Jul 31, 2022 Page 17 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) inaccessible high-biodiversity areas should be considered. Cumulative impacts should also be considered if other activities or developments are identified in the vicinity of the project footprint. Alternative analysis: Given the scale of the project and because the project will be implemented in several locations, an analysis of alternatives as part of the ESIA process is proposed to investigate the ways and means to minimize the impacts on the natural habitats and other sensitive environmental, social and cultural receptors, minimizing land acquisition as set out in relevant ESSs. Due processes: Project shall work closely with OBPE (in charge of protected areas and natural habitats) and Lake Tanganyika Authority in provision to obtain good collaboration from all those authorities on the implementation of the project which is adjacent to the protected areas or critical natural habitats such Lake Tanganyika. Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP): With the aims of achieving net gains and no significant degradation or conversion of critical habitats, a BMP should be developed, which should fully reflect the mitigation hierarchy, long term biodiversity monitoring and evaluation program, with capacity building plan and budget estimates committed. Through a hired specialist biodiversity consultants/institutions service, it is expected to carry out a Biodiversity baselines which highlight a comprehensive biodiversity baseline studies as a part of the development of BMP. Relevant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services, especially focusing on habitat loss, invasive alien species, hydrological changes, nutrient loading, and pollution along Lake Tanganyika are addressed in the two ESIAs/ESMPs prepared for the project. One of ESIA/ESMPs for rehabilitation of about 25 km of road section(RN3) and Bypass has recommended the preparation and implementation of a Biodiversity Management Plan (BMP) for crocodile and Hippos and others critical species or habitat (if any) prior to commencing of civil works. It will be reviewed and Public Disclosure cleared by the World Bank. It shall consider the differing values attached to biodiversity and ecosystem services by Affected Communities, sand and stone miners and, where appropriate, other stakeholders. Hunting and fishing will be strictly banned for the Project workforce. The contractor will prepare, implement and document a Biodiversity Awareness Plan for its employees and its subcontractors’ employees and train its workforce accordingly. Excavations and trenches to be fenced or covered when not in use to minimize accidental fall of wild mammals in night-time. Waste management plan to include measures for discouraging access to waste by wild animals. Third Party Monitoring: The third party should monitor, verify that the environmental and social risks and effects are properly addressed / mitigated and should ensure that the Biodiversity Management Plan is being implemented to the satisfaction of the bank as explained above. Stakeholder engagement: In accordance with the mitigation hierarchy, the two ESIAs/ESMPs prepared for the project include field surveys, consultations with relevant stakeholders and specific measures to avoid or minimize negative impacts on biodiversity or natural habitats. Consultants with local communities confirmed the presence of the following species in the project direct area: Crocodile and Hippos. As the preparation of a BMP is recommended, additional consultations with experts, local authorities, fishermen, etc. ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities Jul 31, 2022 Page 18 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) Batwa communities in Burundi fulfill the four criteria by which ESS7 defines Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities, and are particularly vulnerable. The project will ensure that Batwa are not disproportionally affected by adverse impacts of the activities and that they benefit from the project. An initial screening suggested no Batwa communities are known to be living in the project area, but the last field supervision mission in February 2022 and the ESIA report confirmed the presence of Batwa communities in the direct and indirect project area, particularly at KP 18 on the RN3 and near the corridor. In addition to this site, the project has identified other sites, including Kinyinya, 5 km from the RN3, inhabited by 12 IPs households, Nyamuzi site, 10 km from the RN3, inhabited by 36 Batwa households, Rugembe, 16 km from the RN3, inhabited by 18 Batwa households, Mayebe site 13 km from the RN3 (towards Kirinzi Parish), Gomvyi site 20 km from the RN3, Mwaza/Kiburu site 9 km from the RN3 inhabited by 30 Batwa households and the Masama site, 4 km from the RN3 occupied by 33 IPs households With the presence of the Batwa confirmed and the locations known along with the number of households, ESS 7 is deemed relevant and an Indigenous People Plan (otherwise known as the Batwa Plan in Burundi ) will be developed, consulted and disclosed prior to the full assessment and implemented during project implementation in accordance with the requirements of ESS 7. Project activities will create positive impacts for the Batwa, including job creation, income generation, access to basic social infrastructure. FPIC is expected to apply whether the project: a) would adversely affect traditionally held or customarily used or occupied lands and natural resources exploited or occupied under customary law; b) result in the displacement of historically disadvantaged Indigenous Peoples/Traditional Local Communities in Sub- Saharan Africa from traditionally held or customarily used or occupied land and natural resources Public Disclosure traditionally held or customarily used or occupied under customary law; or c) would have substantial adverse effects on the cultural heritage of historically disadvantaged Indigenous Peoples/Traditional Local Communities in Sub-Saharan Africa as important to the identity of Indigenous Peoples important to the identity of Indigenous Peoples/Traditional Indigenous Peoples/Traditional Local Communities Sub-Saharan Africa concerned and/or for the cultural, ceremonial or spiritual aspects of their lives, ceremonial or spiritual aspects of their existence in accordance with paragraph 24 of ESS 7. Thereupon, a social assessment will be conducted or carried out during the development of the Indigenous People Plan to determine whether the conditions set forth in paragraph 24 of ESS 7 are met in order to use the FPIC. For now, FPIC process is not conducted because none of the above conditions are found in the Batwa community. Therefore, the FPIC is not required. ESS8 Cultural Heritage ESS8 is relevant and the possibility of finding of artifacts during the construction/rehabilitation of roads may exist. The World Bank’s due diligence has identified a number of cultural properties in the project areas, which include the Livingstone–Stanley Monument, Cemeteries, Churches such as Eglise El Shaidai, “Musee vivant” for tourism, “Round point Chanic ( Heros de la Democratie)”, “Cercle Nautique de Bujumbura” and Tanganyika Port. ESS8 due diligence of the ESIAs/ESMPs and different public consultations held with stakeholders have identified at PK 9+00 and PK5+500 graves that must be relocated. The exhumation and reburial process must be agreed with the next of kin of the deceased, and religious or community leaders, authorities and other stakeholders as appropriate. All Jul 31, 2022 Page 19 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) procedures for relocating the 55 graves have been implemented in the RAP, Lot 1. Therefore, before the start of the activities, the graves will be moved and the compensation due to the families of these graves in accordance with all required customary ceremonies and procedures. A ‘chance find procedure’ is included in the two ESIAs/ESMPs and in addition to the Chance Find procedures, contractors will develop and implement a Grave Relocation Plan (GRP). The GRP must comply with national and local legislative and ESS8 requirements. The two ESIAs/ESMPs have indicated that potential sites where unknown artifacts may be found are the rock quarry sites, the borrow pits,etc. A chance find procedure has been developed and incorporated into the draft ESMF. A detailed Chance Finds Procedure will be prepared and implemented as part of the C-ESMP. The contractor/PIU shall immediately contact relevant Government authorities for guidance if they encounter artifacts and other items of the religious, historical and cultural value during civil works implementation. Prior to commencement of site disturbance activities, the implementing entities will provide training to its personnel, that shall include guidance on identifying potential cultural resources. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries This ESS is not relevant for the Project. However, this Standard will be relevant if the private sector will be involved at a later stage to manage and maintain road assets to generate revenue. B.3 Other Relevant Project Risks Public Disclosure If the road maintenance entails generation of revenue e.g. resources coming from road users, OP 4.03 will apply. C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No B.3. Reliance on Borrower’s policy, legal and institutional framework, relevant to the Project risks and impacts Is this project being prepared for use of Borrower Framework? No Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: The project will not rely on the Borrower’s Framework but will comply with all relevant environment and social laws, policies and regulations. IV. CONTACT POINTS Jul 31, 2022 Page 20 of 21 The World Bank Burundi Transport Resilient Project (P172988) World Bank Contact: Peter Ngwa Taniform Title: Senior Transport Specialist, Program Leader Telephone No: 5327+6159 / 254-0-2547009360 Email: ptaniform@worldbank.org Contact: Arame Tall Title: Senior Environmental Specialist Telephone No: 5399+30420 Email: atall2@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of Finance, Budget and Planning Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Ministry of Trade, Transport, Industry and Tourism Implementing Agency: Ministry of Infrastructure, Equipment and Housing V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Public Disclosure Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Peter Ngwa Taniform, Arame Tall Safeguards Advisor ESSA Peter Leonard (SAESSA) Concurred on 31-Jul-2022 at 11:38:34 GMT-04:00 Jul 31, 2022 Page 21 of 21