The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 09/26/2022 | Report No: ESRSA02335 Sept 26, 2022 Page 1 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Djibouti MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH P178988 AFRICA Project Name Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Agriculture and Food Investment Project 9/26/2022 9/29/2022 Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Republic of Djibouti Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity Proposed Development Objective Public Disclosure The project development objective is to contribute to mitigating food security risks posed by food supply shocks and drought. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 20.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? Yes C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] The Project would be organized around the following components and activities: i. Mitigating food security risks posed by food supply shocks : This component will finance the (i) establishment and training of an Early Warning Unit to anticipate and report on potential food supply shocks and capacity building of the public and private sectors on price risk management; (ii) the establishment of a small emergency food stock (one month of consumption) to ensure the country can respond to potential food supply shocks and the rehabilitation and modernization of storage facilities used for the storage of purchased commodities under the project; and (iii) Sept 26, 2022 Page 2 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) establishment of a contingency fund for the purchase of basic food commodities to reinforce the country’s capacity to respond to potential food supply shocks; and overall technical assistance for the implementation of the component. ii. Mitigating food security risks posed by drought: This component will finance the (i) rehabilitation of small water harvesting or collection infrastructures, spare parts and pumps, as well as water trucks and vehicles; (ii) agricultural inputs, greenhouses equipped with drip irrigation, livestock production related packets, veterinary products and vaccines, small fisheries equipment and technical assistance on climate resilient practices and technologies; (v) technical assistance and capacity building for the preparation and establishment of Early Warning system on drought and the preparation of a Rapid Response Plan to trigger timely mitigation measures. iii. Project management: The Project will finance costs associated with project management and implementation support, including financial management, procurement, M&E, implementation and monitoring of the ESF instruments. The Project will also support the GoD in the preparation of a Food Security Preparedness Plan which needs to be completed within six months of project effectiveness under the terms of the CRW-ERF. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic, environmental, social] Public Disclosure Djibouti is highly dependent on imports of food products, and is vulnerable to commodity price shocks, which was further exacerbated by the war in Ukraine. Djibouti meets up to 90 percent of its food needs through imports. Domestic agricultural and livestock production accounts for between 3 to 4 percent of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and can only meet 10 percent of the country's consumption needs. For the first time since 2011, food prices, particularly wheat, vegetable oil, fruits and vegetables increased significantly in February 2022. While Djibouti’s direct imports from the Black Sea region are small, it imports 60 percent of its wheat flour from Turkey - which purchases 74 percent of its wheat from the Russian Federation. Djibouti imports little wheat and other similar cereals (wheat, meslin, barley, etc.), as it only has one functional flour mill. Increased food prices and food import disruptions have recently caused civil unrest in the country. Concerns over possible food shortages and sudden spike of food prices in domestic markets in light of the current global market context have recently led to a number of riots in the country as the population grew anxious over further deterioration of the food and nutrition security situation. In addition, there have been protests among bakers and some bakeries in turn closed as the Government did not authorize a bread price increase. These inflationary trends have put pressure on household welfare and productive sectors and have affected the poor and vulnerable disproportionately. Before the war in Ukraine, the number of people experiencing crisis or acute food insecurity in Djibouti was projected to increase significantly. The latest IPC projections – covering the July-December 2022 period – show that the regions of Tadjourah, Dikhil and Obock are expected to be classified as IPC3 , meaning that five out of six districts in country are expected to be classified as IPC3. The IPC analysis estimates that the number of people in crisis or worse food insecurity (IPC3+) will increase between July and December 2022 from the current 131,997 (127,074 in IPC3 and 4,923 in IPC4) to 192,189, representing 16 percent of the total population – out of which 179,799 will be in IPC3 (15 percent of the population) and 12,390 (1 percent of the population) in IPC4. Sept 26, 2022 Page 3 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) Furthermore, the food security situation is further jeopardized by severe drought conditions caused by increasing temperatures and low persistent rainfall that have prevailed over the past six months. Djibouti is one of the world’s most arid countries and currently experiencing drought conditions caused by rising seasonal temperatures and limited rains. During the last 12 months, Djibouti experienced exceptionally low rainfall of less than 145 mm in most districts. The reduced water availability has already resulted in the drying up of water points (wells, cisterns, wadis, etc.) and a filling rate of wells below 50 percent the level considered normal for Djibouti. Vegetable crops have been affected by the lack of water which has forced the majority of farmers to decrease their plots this year. According to the February 2022 Food Security and Nutrition Monitoring System (FSNMS) Report carried out nationwide in Djibouti (both rural and urban), drought was the leading shock experienced by households in rural areas. The drought in rural areas has impacted pastoral livelihoods across the country. Because of the current drought, 22 percent of rural households have reported that the number of livestock currently owned has reduced compared to the same time last year The US$20 million emergency project project will finance in component 1 the acquisition of strategic food stock, technical assistance, civil works to rehabilitate private sector storage facilities. More specifically, component 1 will finance the (i) establishment and training of an Early Warning Unit to foresee and report on potential upcoming food supply shocks; (ii) establishment of an emergency food stock on basic food commodities to ensure the country can respond to potential food supply shocks in the short-term; (iii) establishment of a contingency fund for the purchase of basic food commodities to reinforce the country’s capacity to respond to potential food supply shocks in the short- term; (iv) improving national storage facilities through a matching grant program to rehabilitate existing private sector storage facilities; and (v) capacity building for pricing management of the private and public sector. The project Public Disclosure will not finance the distribution of food staples to beneficiaries. Component 2 will contribute to assisting drought-impacted households, including farmers and pastoralists, to improve their access to water and protect and restore their income and livelihoods and build resilience. It will support (i) water mobilization through financing the rehabilitation of underground cisterns, open-air reservoirs for livestock and of existing small dams and the acquisition of spare parts and pumps (ii) livelihood restoration through the distribution of acquisition and distribution of agricultural inputs (i.e. seed, fertilizers and small equipment), the construction and or renovation of greenhouses equipped with drip irrigation, livestock production packets (such as animals and feed) and veterinary equipment to prevent disease outbreaks and (iii) technical assistance and capacity-building on an early drought warning systems and the preparation of a rapid response plan. This will be implemented nationwide. In Component 3, The Project will finance costs associated with project management and implementation support, including financial management, procurement, M&E, and monitoring of project environmental and social risks and impacts. The Project will also support the Government of Djibouti in the preparation of a Food Security Preparedness Plan which needs to be completed within six months of project effectiveness under the terms of the CRW-ERF. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity On behalf of the Government of Djibouti, the Ministry of Social Affairs and Solidarities (acronym MASS in French) will assume responsibility for the overall coordination of project activities and will host the Project Management Unit (PMU). The MASS and the Ministry of Commerce and Tourism (MCT) will ensure technical leadership for Component 1. The Ministry of Agriculture, Water, Fisheries and Husbandry (acronym MAEPE-RH in French), through the existing PMU for the Emergency Locust Response Program (ELRP/P173702) will ensure technical leadership for Component 2, and will be supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Sept 26, 2022 Page 4 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) The MASS is currently implementing and managing 2 others separate WB project: The Integrated Cash Transfer Project (PITCH P166220) and its additional financing (P174566) under the bank safeguard policies. The MASS has satisfactory experience in implementing the ongoing bank financed Project. The World Bank's last supervisory mission (April 2022) indicated that the E&S performance for the PITCH project was satisfactory. The MASS also has experience with the ESF through the preparation of current emergency Project the Social Protection Crisis Response emergency Project (ESFRP P178992). The capacity of the MASS in monitoring E&S measures in compliance with the ESF will be further enhanced through the recruitment of qualified E&S specialists to assist the existing staff in managing E&S risk and impacts. Relevant technical staff on Social, Environmental management will be recruited by the PMU to oversee and assist the current staff in the implementation of E&S risk management aspects. Specific E&S training capacity building will be included into the E&S instruments. The MAEPE-RH is currently implementing the ELRP which E&S performance has been rated as moderately unsatisfactory. However, ELRP’s PMU has recently recruited an experienced environmental and social consultant to improve its E&S management capacity. MAEPE-RH will expand the E&S consultant’s role to this project to supervise the environmental and social requirements under Component 2. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Substantial Environmental Risk Rating Substantial Public Disclosure Environmental Risk Rating is Substantial due to the scale and nature of the planned activities. Under component 1, the main anticipated environmental risk and impacts are associated with the import and the rental of storage spaces of selected basic food commodities (wheat flour, sugar, rice ) that constitute the emergency stock. The stock of basic food commodities will be established through private traders that will be competitively selected to import and store the required quantities ( 1 months) of three targeted products. There is the risk that the basic commodities could be imported from countries where agricultural practices have direct impacts on biodiversity via land-use change, habitat degradation, and pollutions to produce crops for export. This is the case for the sugar which could be imported from Brazil. Inadequate storage facilities can cause a great deal of the stock- wheat flour in particular- to be lost due to general deterioration. The project plans to support the rehabilitation of private storage facilities to improve the stock management system of Djibouti. During rehabilitation, typical construction related risks and impacts are anticipated such as dust and noise nuisances, generation of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes, occasional risks of work- related accident that may cause illness or injuries to the construction workers. During the operation of the storage platforms, the main environmental risk is linked to storage conditions (humidity, heat, cold, light) such as moisture, light, and oxygen which can seriously either reduce the food staples’ shelf life. Furthermore, flour dust is combustible and poses a risk of explosion. Dust particles emanating from wheat, sugar and rice can also be dangerous in terms of inhalation. Under component 2, the Project will have a positive environmental outcome as it involves management of water sources for sustainable supply and resilience and sustainability of agricultural production. The Project will finance rehabilitation rural water infrastructures (underground cisterns, open-air reservoirs, and existing small dams) that could generate environmental pollution (air, noise, soil, and water). Generation of wastes is also anticipated from agricultural activities. Component 2 could lead to an excessive use of agrochemicals (e.g. fertilizers, on-farm veterinary products, etc...) and will also require the management of wastes generated from agrochemicals and animal healthcare services. It could result in environmental health safety impacts that include the inappropriate use and Sept 26, 2022 Page 5 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) disposal of agrochemical or of contaminated materials by agrochemicals, the contamination of groundwater by agrochemicals affecting its quantity and quality, the physical and chemical degradation of soils from unsuitable land management techniques. Pasture restauration activities can also impact biodiversity and ecosystems due to pollution and/or introduction of invasive species. Social Risk Rating Substantial The social risk rating is substantial. The key risks associated with the project include the risks of elite capture, potential exclusion of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups from project benefits in particular with regards to the distribution of agricultural and husbandry inputs, as well as with the water mobilization activities financed under Component 2. These risks can be mitigated by features in the project design and stakeholder engagement efforts (more under ESS1 below). Other risks include social discontent, the risks of sexual abuse and exploitation and sexual harassment and the exposure to and propagation of COVID-19. The project will also generate risks associated with minor civil works, such as occupational and community health and safety risks (noise, vibration the risk of child or forced labor, etc.…). Any civil works that lead to land acquisition, restriction of access or land use or involuntary resettlement, will be excluded from project financing. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: Public Disclosure While the project is expected to generate positive impacts, such as improving conditions for food security and rural livelihoods through improved agricultural productivity, its activities nevertheless entail substantial environmental and social risks. In component 1, the E&S risks could include imported impact such as biodiversity loss through trade and generic risks associated with minor civil works (i.e. risks associated with poor labor conditions, occupational health and safety, waste generation, hazardous material management, noise and vibration, wastewater discharges and air quality as well as community H&S). Given that the civil works are expected to be minor and rely exclusively on national contractors, the Project is not expected to lead to a significant labor influx. Poor storage and occupational health and safety practices can increase the risk of combustible dust explosions and inhalation of dust particles that are harmful to the health of storage workers. Other risks/impacts include those associated with the subprojects of the matching grant program beneficiary selection. There may be potential acquisition of solar panels from private operators through the matching grant program, but this is not considered a core function of the project. In component 2, there are a variety of E&S risks and impacts that could result from the proposed activities. These include E&S risks and impacts during the civil works activities of rural water structures (e.g. air, waste, noise, water pollution, waste generation). Another key risk relates to the elite capture or the exclusion of disadvantaged and vulnerable groups and individuals from benefitting from the agricultural and husbandry inputs. Other risks/impacts include those associated with the operational phase of these improvements /rehabilitation as well as land and water management, the use and generation of waste from agrochemicals, manure and veterinary products. Sept 26, 2022 Page 6 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) Some of the potential impacts on groundwater levels and surface water due to rehabilitation and improvement of underground cisterns, construction of reservoirs for livestock and improved pumps include increased risks of communicable diseases such as water and vector borne diseases , safety risk from the exploitation of small dams and groundwater decline or depeltion from excessive pumping which can lead to negative effects (e.g , drying up of wells, of water quality, increased pumping costs, land subsidence) Any civil works that lead to land acquistion, restriction of land use or access and involuntary resettlement will be excluded from financing and as such ESS5 is not deemed relevant. SEA and SH risks have been screened and assessed as moderate. Risks associated with exposure to and the propagation of COVID-19 have been identified as a transversal risk across all project activities. To manage the above-mentioned E&S risks for both components 1 and 2, the MASS and MAEPE-RH will update the existing Environmental Social Management Framework (ESMF) that was prepared under the ongoing Locust Emergency Response Program (P173702) and disclosed on 17 December 2020, in line with relevant laws in Djibouti and the relevant requirements of the World Bank ESF. The existing ESMF already includes provisions and requirements to carry out site-specific Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) for each subproject and thus this will be conducted for the construction/rehabilitation of the rural water structure. The ESMPs will have to be prepared and disclosed prior to the start of any civil works. The existing ESMF already includes SEA/SH, chance find procedures and measures for occupational health and safety plans for civil works. The updated ESMF will include an negative list of activities that are ineligible from project financing, such as activities Public Disclosure leading to land use/acquisition impacts, involuntary resettlement, biodiversity and cultural heritage risks and impacts. The updated ESMF will make reference to applicable GIIP including WBG General EHS Guidelines and the WBG EHS guidelines for crop production. The updated ESMF will include the eligibility criteria to benefit from the food staples, COVID-19 preventive measures as per the World Health Organization and Djiboutian guidelines, an updated waste management plan, as well as occupational health and safety measures for offloading/uploading activities. The updated ESMF will include the recommendations from the E&S reviews of the existing storage facilities which will be used in storing the imported wheat flour, sugar and rice will be conducted to identify gaps between the exiting environmental, with OHS management plans and implemented actions following the national legal requirements versus the ESF requirements and WBG EHS Guidelines. Terms of Reference will be prepared by the Borrower and cleared by the Bank prior to carrying out such reviews which should include time-bound gap filling actions, if needed. Moreover, aas part of Component 1, the updated ESMF will include guidance on ESHS specifications of the of the procurement documents and contracts with primary suppliers. Suppliers will have to clarify the source of the wheat to be purchased under the project and declare that it has not been produced from areas where significant degradation of natural habitats took place. Finally, the updated ESMF will also include a E&S review for the operation of the existing private storage facilities in Djibouti. Moreover, the MASS and MAEPE-RH will update the Labor Management Procedures (LMP) prepared under the ongoing Locust Emergency Response Program (P173702) in line with relevant laws of Djibouti and World Bank ESS2. Labor requirements for contractors and primary suppliers will also be included in the bidding documents and their contracts. In addition to the ESMF and LMP to be prepared, the MASS and MAEPE-RH has prepared a preliminary Stakeholder Engagement Plan (preliminary SEP) that includes provisions particularly relating to the vulnerable and Sept 26, 2022 Page 7 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) disadvantaged communities to ensure their access to project information and their meaningful and effective participation in the project. The MASS and the Bank have also agreed on an Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP). The project will support further in-depth assessment under its TA activity to deepen the knowledge and provide actionable recommendations to address the food security challenge in Djibouti. The areas of analysis and studies will be further explored and selected during the course of project implementation. The TA activities include strengthening the national and regional public systems’ response capacity to various shocks and stressors, thus enabling them to contribute to greater food system resilience. Any recommendations from the TA activities will be screened and assessed for its direct and indirect environmental and social impacts and necessary interventions will be designed for compliance with ESF. The project has been prepared under emergency procedures, where it was agreed to defer the disclosure of the ESMF and LMP to within two months of the project effectiveness date and before the start of relevant project activities. The rationale for processing this project under the condensed procedures is the urgent need to secure financing for the continuation of food imports to the country at a time when the ongoing war in Ukraine is causing major disruptions in global grain markets and pushing prices of basic commodities to an all-time high. The preliminary SEP and ESCP will be approved and disclosed prior to appraisal and updated once consultations with local communities are conducted. Public Disclosure ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure The MASS and MAEPE-RH has prepared a preliminary stand-alone Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) for the new emergency project that documents the identification and analysis of project stakeholders as per the requirement of ESS10 as well as the information and dissemination requirements on the eligibility criteria. The initial round of consultations took place from June to August 2022 and were limited to relevant government ministries and entities. During this first series of meetings, the priority areas of the project were considered without, however, ruling out the other regions which will also be affected by the project. This preliminary SEP will be updated with further consultations within two months of project effectiveness and before start of relevant project activities. The main stakeholders of the program, depending on the components being implemented, may include: (i) Project affected parties (PAPs) - those individuals or groups who are directly affected or likely to be affected by the Program. These include for exemple the whole population-including the poor and vulnerable, refugees and migrant; private operators, smallholder and commercial farmers, farmer cooperatives and associations ect. Other interested parties (OIPs) - those individuals or groups who may have an interest in the Program or support subproject selection are likely to include businesses providing agricultural services or inputs, the MASS, the MAEPERH, the MCT, the Port Authority, UN agencies such as UNHCR, the International Organization for Migration (OIM), and consumer associations. Vulnerable and disadvantaged groups include refugees, migrants, households below poverty level or at higher risks of food insecurity, as well as individuals who do not know how to read or write to understand the proposed project and who may have limitations in participating and/or understanding the project information. Sept 26, 2022 Page 8 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) Initial stakeholders’ identification and consultation were conducted during the preparation of the project. Stakeholder engagement will continue throughout project implementation. Active efforts will be made to seek stakeholders’ feedback to alleviate inflation. The modes of engagement and the frequency of engagement will be determined by the needs of the project as well as the needs and interests of different stakeholders. Information about the project will be made available to stakeholders through the MASS website, public consulation meetings, and and regional community workers who often participate to dissemination campaigns. MASS will conduct inclusive consultation with vulnerable and disadvantaged groups before the start of relevant project activities. The MASS has in place a formal mechanism for filing and redress of grievances since the implementation of the ongoing project The Integrated Cash Transfer Project (PITCH P166220), and its additional financing (P174566) under the bank safeguard policies. The MAEPERH has its own GRM in place for the ongoing WB projet (Emergency Locust Response Program (P173702). The project will use the MASS grievance mechanism for Component 1 and the Emergency Locust Program for Component 2. The PMU will be in charge of coordinating between the two existing grievance mechanisms and receiving and collecting all complaints and suggestions through its existing uptake channels and documenting them. Information on this grievance mechanism will be disseminated widely before the commencement of the project. The functioning and effectiveness of the grievance mechanism will be closely monitored during implementation and adjustments will be made where necessary in agreement with the Bank. The preliminary SEP will be updated to reflect consultations with affected and vulnerable parties within two months of project effectiveness. Public Disclosure B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions The project activities will involve direct workers who are government staff managing and implementing the project (principally the PMU, the MAEPE-RH and MASS staff), contracted workers, who are engaged in food staples offloading at the port and by contractors for the rehabilitation of the storage facilities , and small water supply infrastructure, as well as workers recruted for technical assistance activities, primary supply workers, who will be involved in the supply of wheat flour and other food staples (sugar,wheat flour and rice), motor vehicle for water trucks and community workers who will support information dissemination and campaigns. Furthermore, flour dust is combustible and poses a risk of explosion. In terms of occupational health and safety, the inhalation of dust particles from the stored food staples can also be dangerous in terms.Other key potential labor risks include the use of child labor and/or forced labor, sexual harassment, discrimination, occupational health and safety issues related to rehabilitationand operation of the storage platforms and water supply infrastructure. To manage the potential risks of components 1 and 2, MASS and MAEPE-RH will update the existing Labor Management Procedure (LMP) of the ongoing Emergency Locust Response Program (P173702) that were disclosed on 17 December 2022 in line with project activities and relevant laws of Djibouti and ESS2 for component 2. The LMP will be updated within two months of project effectiveness and before the start of relevant project activities. Related Sept 26, 2022 Page 9 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) labor requirements for contractors, including primary suppliers, will be included in the bidding documents and contracts. The project will continue to maintain and implement a separate grievance mechanism for project workers and describe it fully in the LMP. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management This standard is relevant as activities to be financed under Components 1 and 2 may present risks/impacts linked to waste, dust emission, noise, and vibrations during civil works as well as the increase in application of agrochemicals that can account for environmental pollution (agrochemical containers, wastes and packaging). Chemical degradation of soils may result from unsuitable land management techniques. Chemical degradation of soil may result from insufficient or inappropriate use of mineral fertilizers, failure to recycle nutrients contained in crop residues, and failure to correct changes in soil pH that result from long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers and excessive use of poor-quality water, resulting in salinization. The Project is not expected to result in significant emission of greenhouse gases due to the small scale of the Project activities. There are also limited potential risks associated with overuse of limited water resources for irrigation activities (excessive pumping leading to groundwater decline or depletion), Relevant mitigation measures related agrochemicals, which will be implemented to mitigate potential risks associated with the transport, storage, handling and disposals of agrochemicals including packaging materials. The development of irrigation activities, rationalization Public Disclosure measures need to be determined for the use of water resources. The Project will also finance the rehabilitation of existing rural water structure. Social conflicts may arise between water users if there is inadequate management of water availability. waste and noise, vibration, dust, and fumes can lead to environmental pollution. Waste from phytosanitary and veterinary products is also expected. The project will include agricultural activities that would lead to the non-negligible use of chemical products, namely veterinary medicine, pesticides, and fertilizers. The risks and mitigation measures related to ESS3 will be further addressed in the updated ESMF. The MAEPERH will adopt technically and financially feasible measures to avoid or minimize water usage so that the Project’s water use does not have significant adverse impacts on communities. Resource efficiency measures shall also be considered in other project activities such as in the renovation of small dams. Water resources to be used for irrigation should be managed in accordance with the principles of Integrated Resource Water Management. The updated ESMF will include requirements for training on safe use and handling of all agrochemicals, including On- farm veterinary products, chemical fertilizers. It will also include screening for Pest management issues and potential pesticide and fertilizer use. ESS4 Community Health and Safety This standard is relevant. Key community and safety risks include generic risks associated with civil works .SEA and SH risks have been screened and assessed as moderate. Community health and safety issues are associated to risks/impacts during construction of minor civil works, such as dust, noise and vibrations, solid waste and traffic safety issues. Furthermore,some of the potential impacts on groundwater levels and surface water due to Sept 26, 2022 Page 10 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) rehabilitation and improvement of underground cisterns, of reservoirs for livestock and improved pumps include increased health risks of communicable diseases( malaria), sensitivity to extreme events (droughts, floods, earthquakes), environmental (pollution) issues, safety risk of small dams and groundwater decline or depeltion from excessive pumping which can lead to negative effects (e.g , drying up of wells, of water quality, increased pumping costs, land subsidence). As per ESS4, dam safety measures designed by qualified engineers in accordance with GIIP will be adopted and implemented. it will be confirmed , through the environmental and social assessment, that there will be no or negligible risk of significant adverse impacts due to potential failure of the dam structure to local communities and assets. There are also potential risks associated with the operation of the agricultural activities, such as pollution, waste generation, and risks associated with the use of pesticide and fertilizers. Other risk include the risks associated with explosions of organic (flour, rice, sugar, wheat) dust and fertilizers and their management. Finally, the propagation of COVID-19 as a result of project activities has been identified as a transversal risk. SEA/SH measure will be included and captured in the updated ESMF and generic community health and safety risks associated with civil works that will also be reflected in the bidding documents. The E&S procedures in the updated ESMF will further identify all these risks/impacts and mitigate them through mitigation measures that will be included in the ESMPs as needed. Its will include COVID-19 prevention measures and guidance on fire safety for the operation of the storage platforms. Public Disclosure ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement This standard is not relevant as any activity leading to impacts on land use and acquistion, restriction of access, and involuntary resettlement will be automatically excluded. The project will involve new constructions and the renovation of existing structures, site-specific screening for ESS5 impacts will be carried out before such works. If the screening identifies any impact associated with land acquisition, this specific subproject will automatically excluded. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources This standard is relevant. The project activities will not be implemented in locations which have high biodiversity conservation value or in ecologically sensitive habitats. The suppliers of basic commodities ( wheat, sugar ,rice) will be contracted by the MASS after complying with bidding process. Suppliers’ companies are not directly cultivating the basic comodities, but rather buy them from a number of identified countries. There is a risk that the source of basic comodities is from areas of high risk for significant conversion of natural habitats. MASS shall request the suppliers under the bidding documents to declare that the basic commodities do not originate from any areas where significant degradation of natural habitats took place. the MASS’s ESMF will include an evaluation of the systems and verification practices used by the primary suppliers. Sept 26, 2022 Page 11 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) All investments related to improvement of agricultural systems will take place in the existing agricultural lands and hence it will not lead to conversion of natural habitats to agricultural lands. However, agricultural activities can have impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems because of pollution and introduction of invasive species. Some activities under the Component 2 through pasture restoration, reforestation, or use of fast-growing species for fuelwood could impact the local biodiversity as it may involve alien or invasive species. The updated ESMF will cover any activities that may involve alien species and any significant risks to biodiversity, animal welfare, land conversion or legally protected natural resources. Inappropriate use of pesticides or waste disposal can result in contamination of air, soil and water resources that in turn could cause loss of biodiversity including destroying beneficial insect populations which act as natural enemies for some pests. The Project will also follow measures outlined in the Good Practice Note on Improving Animal Welfare in Livestock Operations. Further details are available in the Good Practice Note, which will referenced in the updated ESMF. ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities In line with the policy interpretation in Djibouti, this ESS is not relevant for the project. ESS8 Cultural Heritage This Standard is currently relevant as the renovation activities will imply earth digging. Chance Find Procedures are Public Disclosure incorporated into the guidance on the preparation of ESMP in the existing ESMF and will be maintained for precautionary reasons to address unknown archeological or historical remains and objects. These procedures will be outlined in the updated ESMF. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries not relevant C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways Yes OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No B.3. Reliance on Borrower’s policy, legal and institutional framework, relevant to the Project risks and impacts Is this project being prepared for use of Borrower Framework? No Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: Sept 26, 2022 Page 12 of 13 The World Bank Djibouti Emergency Food Security Crisis Response Project (P178988) none IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Eva Hasiner Title: Agriculture Economist Telephone No: 5220+30477 Email: ehasiner@worldbank.org Contact: Jeren Kabayeva Title: Agricultural Spec. Telephone No: +1-202-473-6211 Email: jkabayeva@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Republic of Djibouti Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Ministry of Social Affairs and National Solidarity V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Public Disclosure The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Eva Hasiner, Jeren Kabayeva Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Senait Nigiru Assefa Cleared on 24-Sept-2022 at 15:59:40 GMT-04:00 Safeguards Advisor ESSA Gael Gregoire (SAESSA) Concurred on 26-Sept-2022 at 09:46:1 GMT-04:00 Sept 26, 2022 Page 13 of 13