The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) Project Information Document (PID) Appraisal Stage | Date Prepared/Updated: 23-Feb-2022 | Report No: PIDA32838 Dec 16, 2021 Page 1 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) BASIC INFORMATION OPS_TABLE_BASIC_DATA A. Basic Project Data Country Project ID Project Name Parent Project ID (if any) Cambodia P177185 Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II Region Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Practice Area (Lead) EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC 21-Feb-2022 10-May-2022 Urban, Resilience and Land Financing Instrument Borrower(s) Implementing Agency Investment Project Financing The Kingdom of Cambodia Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) Proposed Development Objective(s) The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve the disaster and climate resilience of flood-damaged rural roads in target areas, improve the capacity of the government to prepare for and respond to emergencies, and provide immediate and effective response in case of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency. Components Component 1: Institutional Strengthening for Disaster Resilience in the Rural Development Sector Component 2: Resilient Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Rural Roads and Bridges Component 3: Project Management Component 4: Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC) PROJECT FINANCING DATA (US$, Millions) SUMMARY -NewFin1 Total Project Cost 114.45 Total Financing 114.45 of which IBRD/IDA 112.00 Financing Gap 0.00 DETAILS -NewFinEnh1 World Bank Group Financing Dec 16, 2021 Page 2 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) International Development Association (IDA) 112.00 IDA Credit 112.00 Non-World Bank Group Financing Counterpart Funding 2.00 Borrower/Recipient 2.00 Trust Funds 0.45 Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery 0.45 Environmental and Social Risk Classification Moderate Decision The review did authorize the team to appraise and negotiate Other Decision (as needed) B. Introduction and Context Country Context 1. Over the past two decades, Cambodia has undergone a significant transition: it reached lower middle-income status in 2015 and is aspiring to attain upper middle-income status by 2030. Prior to the global pandemic, Cambodia’s economy had sustained an average real growth rate of 7.7 percent between 1998 and 2019, driven by sectors such as tourism, manufacturing exports, and construction, making it one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. The country has made considerable strides in improving socioeconomic indicators such as health and education, though quality and equitable access to basic services remains a challenge. The country’s poverty rate fell from 47.8 percent in 2007 to 13.5 percent in 2014, but poverty has increased due to the pandemic; at least 150,000 households (0.5 million people) identified as newly poor between June 2020 and January 2021. 2. Cambodia is highly vulnerable to a range of future hazards under climate change, particularly floods, storms, typhoons, droughts, and epidemics. The 2020 World Risk Index ranked Cambodia as the 16th most disaster-prone country in its index of 181 countries.1 It is particularly prone to flood and drought events, with around 80 percent of the country located within the Mekong River and Tonle Sap regions. Coupled with this high exposure, Cambodia’s underlying vulnerabilities remain a key determinant of its disaster risk. Approximately 4.5 million people estimated as ‘near poor’ are susceptible to falling back into 1Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft & Ruhr University Bochum – Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict. 2020. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WorldRiskReport-2020.pdf Dec 16, 2021 Page 3 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) poverty due to economic shocks, natural hazards, and environmental degradation.2 Since 2009, the country has experienced at least three major natural disasters related to flood and/or storm events, with damage and losses ranging from US$132 million (Typhoon Ketsana in 2009) to US$624.7 million (2011 floods). 3. Climate change is expected to exacerbate the frequency and intensity of hazards in Cambodia. Cambodia is projected to experience an average maximum daily temperature rise of around 1.7°C and 3.6°C toward the mid- and end-21st century.3 Precipitation patterns are also expected to change, with the rainy season becoming wetter and the dry season becoming drier.4 The country’s major hazards (including floods, droughts and storms) are projected to worsen, and the number of persons exposed to extreme riverine floods is expected to rise by approximately 174,000 by 2150 as a result of climate change alone.5 Cambodia’s underlying socio-economic vulnerabilities are also a key determinant of its climate risk. Past surveys show that in highly flood-exposed communities, even frequent hazard events such as those with a return period of three years have a 50 percent chance of pushing households into extreme poverty.6 4. Cambodia’s rural infrastructure remains highly vulnerable to climate-related disaster risks. With a changing climate, the disruption of the road network is likely to be more frequent and intense, causing higher levels of damage. With roads being the main mode of transport and commerce in Cambodia, prolonged damage to key road segments can cripple rural communities. The disrupted connectivity during flooding and other disasters threatens the livelihood of rural households and curtails access to basic services such as schools, hospitals, and markets. Approximately 90 percent of the poor live in rural areas, where there is significantly lower access to improved sanitation facilities and water supply compared to urban areas, and limited transport, health, and education infrastructure.7 5. From September to November 2020, Cambodia experienced heavy rainfall that triggered extensive flooding due to a combination of weather systems that affected the lower Mekong Region, including Tropical Storm Noul (September 2020), Tropical Storm Linfa (early October), followed by Tropical Storm Nanka, Tropical Depression INVEST 94W, and Tropical Storms Saudel and Molave towards the end of October. A rapid damage and needs assessment conducted by the World Bank estimated the value of the damage and losses in the three most affected sectors (transport, irrigation, and agriculture) in the nine most affected provinces to be in the range of US$450 to US$490 million. As of October 29, 2020, 20 of the country’s 25 provinces had been impacted, with at least 44 fatalities and 175,872 families affected. In addition, 89,152 of the most vulnerable households in 14 provinces required food assistance 2 National Committee for Disaster Management. National and Provincial Risk Assessment, Cambodia 2014. June 2014. 3 CMIP5 model ensemble estimates under the RCP 8.5 scenario. World Bank (2021) CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE. 4 The CMIP5 model ensemble estimates under the RCP 8.5 scenario. World Bank (2021) CLIMATE RISK COUNTRY PROFILE. 5 Willner, S., Levermann, A., Zhao, F., Frieler, K. (2018). Adaptation required to preserve future high-end river flood risk at present levels. Science Advances: 4:1. URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/1/eaao1914 6 ADB (2017). Risk financing for rural climate resilience in the greater Mekong subregion. Greater Mekong Subregion Core Environment Program. Asian Development Bank. P. 30. URL: https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/306796/risk- financing-ruralclimate-resilience-gms.pdf 7 World Bank, 2017. Cambodia – Sustainable Strong Growth for the Benefit of all. Washington DC: World Bank Group. Dec 16, 2021 Page 4 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) and livelihood recovery support, and an estimated 800,000 people were directly affected, of which an estimated 388,000 people had pre-existing vulnerabilities.8,9 6. The impacts of the floods have been exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020, the World Bank estimated that the economy would contract by two percent, the sharpest decline in recent history, and plunge the economy into a recession for the first time in three decades. Construction, tourism, and merchandise export sectors, which account for more than 70 percent of growth and 39 percent of total paid employment, have been significantly affected. The expansion of social assistance to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has placed a heavier financial burden on the government, with government support at an unprecedented five percent of GDP. Sectoral and Institutional Context 7. Over the past decade, the RGC has made concerted efforts to mainstream DRM and climate change resilience measures in national and sectoral frameworks. This includes the development of national disaster risk reduction and climate change policies, such as the National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction (NAP-DRR) 2014-2018 and the ongoing development of the revised NAP-DRR 2019-2023; the Cambodia Climate Change Strategic Plan (CCCSP) 2014-2023; the updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) 2020; the Law on Disaster Management in 2015; and the prioritization of DRM in national and sector development policies, such as the Cambodia Sustainable Development Goals 2016- 2030. 8. The Law on Disaster Management sets out the institutional arrangements for DRM and designates the National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM) as responsible for leading and coordinating disaster management activities in Cambodia. The NCDM relies on its subnational agencies to manage DRM activities at the local level, while other line ministries have important, mandated responsibilities to carry out activities in support of DRM. For instance, the Ministry of Planning (MOP) issues guidance, instructing line ministries to consider disaster and climate risks in their sectoral planning as part of the NSDP process. 9. Institutional and governance challenges in DRM remain in Cambodia, despite the progress made in legal, policy and regulatory frameworks. Mainstreaming of DRM in national and sectoral budgeting, plans and strategies remains a challenge. Only a few ministries have emergency preparedness and response plans in place, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) being a notable example. Horizontal coordination between ministries and the NCDM, and vertical coordination between national and sub-national levels, require further consolidation. Adequate budget allocation and stakeholder capacity building are needed to implement the DRM mandate, particularly at the local and community levels. NDC 2020 therefore includes the need for building adaptive capacity for village leaders and building climate resilience for district and commune governance. The NDC and CCCSP also highlight the need for 8 Humanitarian Response Forum. 2020, October 26. Situation Report No. 6 – Floods in Cambodia. 9 UN OCHA. Cambodia Response Plan. November 4, 2020. Dec 16, 2021 Page 5 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) improved risk identification through the development and updating of multi-hazard vulnerability and risk assessments. 10. Additional efforts are needed to strengthen institutional and technical capacities for enhanced disaster preparedness, risk-informed rural transport, and infrastructure planning. Enhanced DRM capacities are needed for the upgrading of priority vulnerable roads to the design standards for climate and disaster-resilience, continued implementation of design and construction standards for resilience, risk-informed maintenance routines and budget allocations, and streamlining of emergency preparedness and post-disaster damage assessment, planning and implementation of recovery and reconstruction. These are emphasized in the Rural Development Strategy Action Plan 2019-2023 and the Rural Development Policy 2019-2023, which indicate the need for rural road inventory and vulnerability mapping, ensuring that rural roads are built or renovated using resilience standards, and increasing institutional capacity to understand and address climate change issues. 11. The Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), in charge of rural roads, has been active in improving resilient construction and maintenance standards. Ensuring the climate resilience of rural roads and other rural assets is a key priority of the MRD. Cambodia’s Rural Development Strategy Action Plan 2019- 2023 identifies “improving quality and resilience of the rural roads infrastructure network� as one of the four priority programs of rural development. As indicated earlier, the 2020 floods exposed Cambodia’s need for continued investment in DRM institutions and the vulnerability of key infrastructure, including rural transport. 12. The proposed operation will build on the on-going Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project (P160929, KH-SEADRM1), which aims to improve climate resilient rural road connectivity in select provinces. KH-SEADRM1’s key contributing components on Resilient Rural Corridors and Financial Planning for Disaster Resilience support resilient rehabilitation and maintenance of rural roads in Stung Treng, Kratie, Kampong Cham, Tboung Khmum, Siem Reap, and Kandal, and include technical assistance (TA) to strengthen the capacity of MRD and its provincial offices for planning and managing disaster resilience in the rural roads sector. The Cambodia SEADRM II project (KH-SEADRM2) will address rural Cambodia’s vulnerability to climate change and will support the RGC’s efforts to increase the disaster and climate resilience of the rural road network and mainstream DRM in government processes. 13. The proposed project is consistent with the priorities in the World Bank Groups’s Cambodia Country Partnership Framework (CPF) FY2019-2023.10 It directly supports the CPF Focus Area on Promoting State Efficiency and Boost Private Sector Development, Objective 3: “Expand and Improve Sustainable Infrastructure Services�. Objective 3 highlights the critical need to ensure that resilience is incorporated into future infrastructure investments such as water, sanitation, roads and solid waste management, and notes that infrastructure services in rural areas are lagging and represent a priority. 10World Bank, 2019. Country Partnership Framework for Kingdom of Cambodia for the period FY2019-FY2023. Washington DC: World Bank Group. Available from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/872721559440966260/pdf/Cambodia- Country-Partnership-Framework-for-the-Period-of-FY2019-2023.pdf Dec 16, 2021 Page 6 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) The project also directly contributes to the critical cross-cutting theme of ‘Strengthening Governance, Institutions, and Citizen engagement’ that underpins reforms to enhance transparency and accountability of government and improve public service delivery and access across all sectors. 14. The project will contribute to the World Bank Group’s twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The project will help reduce disaster losses by integrating resilience in upstream and downstream policies. Over half of the project provinces - Battambang, Kampong Chhnang, Pursat, and Siem Reap - are among the ten poorest provinces of Cambodia.11 Enabling the Government to provide immediate post-disaster response will not only reduce the need for the most vulnerable population to fall back on negative coping strategies, but also buffer against other negative longer-term impact on economic growth. KH-SEADRM 2 will also contribute to the World Bank’s climate targets for 2021-2025 by supporting adaptation in the rural development sector. As the frequency and impact of future disasters are expected to increase under climate change, KH-SEADRM 2 responds directly to these climate change adaptation needs. C. Proposed Development Objective(s) 15. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve the disaster and climate resilience of flood-damaged rural roads in Target Areas, improve the capacity of the Government to prepare for and respond to emergencies, and provide immediate and effective response in case of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency. 16. Achievement of the PDO will be measured by: a. Length of rural roads rehabilitated or reconstructed with climate resilience considerations (km) 12 b. Direct project beneficiaries from climate resilient rural roads and bridges (number) c. Post-disaster response and recovery plan/framework for MRD developed and approved (yes/no) 17. The PDO Results Indicators will be disaggregated by gender, where relevant, and Intermediate Results Indicators will be developed during project preparation to facilitate effective project monitoring and evaluation. D. Project Description 18. The proposed PDO is to be achieved through four components: Institutional strengthening for disaster resilience in the rural development sector; Resilient rehabilitation and reconstruction of rural roads and bridges; Project Management; and Contingent Emergency Response. The project components are summarized below. 11 ADB, 2014. Cambodia Country Poverty Analysis 2014. 12 In Cambodia, the design standard is to protect against 20 year-return period floods for rural roads and 50 year-return period floods for bridges. The climate-resilient design level to be adopted will be based on climate-induced disaster risk and vulnerability analysis (including hydraulic modelling). Dec 16, 2021 Page 7 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) Component 1: Institutional Strengthening for Disaster Resilience in the Rural Development Sector (US$3 million IDA credit and US$0.45 million RETF13) 19. Sub-component 1.1: Strengthening Emergency Preparedness and Response. Provision of technical assistance to strengthen MRD’s capacity to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters and deal with climate change including, inter alia: (a) carrying out emergency preparedness and response diagnostics and supporting related institutional capacity building activities for MRD; (b) carry out capacity building activities for post-disaster damage and needs assessment and supporting relevant emergency response and recovery planning; (c) providing training to staff of MRD on climate change and disaster risk management (DRM); and (d) supporting MRD in incorporating DRM considerations in its policies and plans. 20. Sub-component 1.2: Planning and Prioritization of Rural Resilience Investment Options in the Tonle Sap region. Provision of technical assistance to MRD to conduct vulnerability mapping of Target Region’s susceptibility to climate-related hazards, including, inter alia: (a) screening of MRD assets against climate- related hazards to identify vulnerability hotspots; (b) carrying out desktop reviews to collate existing flood risk assessments, supporting spatial planning, and reviewing current DRM practices in the Target Region to identify major gaps and priority areas for resilience building interventions; and (c) proposing potential risk reduction options, including structural and non-structural measures, climate adaptation measures and community coping mechanisms. Component 2: Resilient Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Rural Roads and Bridges (US$106.5 million IDA Credit)14 21. Sub-component 2.1: Civil Works for Rural Roads and Bridges. Carrying out climate and disaster resilient rehabilitation and reconstruction, and maintenance of selected rural roads and bridges and related infrastructure damaged by the 2020 floods and other disasters in Target Areas, including, the provision of technical assistance to support MRD in carrying out stakeholder consultation for road design through enhanced community engagement. 22. Sub-component 2.2: Strengthening institutional capacity for road safety and climate resilience. Provision of technical assistance to MRD’s staff to: (a) improve the quality and effectiveness of safety measures on rural roads through road user awareness-raising; (b) expand the functionality of MRD’s rural road asset management (RRAM) System for post-disaster damage assessment and recovery and to incorporate climate and disaster information; and (c) incorporate climate resilient considerations into road construction and rehabilitation design. 13 The grant which will finance this category was received under the Japan-Bank Program for Mainstreaming DRM in Developing Countries, which is financed by the Government of Japan and managed by GFDRR. 14 This Project follows the following definitions: "Rehabilitation" refers to selective repair, strengthening, and shape correction of pavement or roadway (including minor drainage improvements) to restore structural strength and ride quality. "Reconstruction" refers to renewing the road structure, generally using existing earthworks and road alignments, to remedy the consequences of prolonged neglect or where rehabilitation is no longer possible. Source: Harral, C et al, 1988, Road deterioration in developing countries: causes and remedies. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group. Dec 16, 2021 Page 8 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) Component 3: Project Management (US$2.5 million IDA Credit, US$2 million Counterpart Financing) 23. Provision of technical and operational assistance to strengthen the institutional, organizational, and technical capacity of MRD to support day-to-day Project implementation, including, inter alia: coordination, procurement, financial management, social and environmental risk management, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting. Component 4: Contingent Emergency Response Component (US$0) 24. Provision of immediate and effective response to an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, as needed. . . Legal Operational Policies Triggered? Projects on International Waterways OP 7.50 No Projects in Disputed Areas OP 7.60 No Summary of Assessment of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts . 25. Relevant Environmental and Social Standards (ESS). Nine of the ESS’ have been screened as relevant15: ESS1, ESS2, ESS3, ESS4, ESS5, ESS6, ESS7, ESS8, and ESS10. ESS 9 on Financial Intermediaries is not considered relevant. 26. The overall Social risk is rated Moderate. Project activities have the potential to generate predictable, site specific, mitigatable social risks and impacts, that are low in magnitude. These include: (a) pre-construction phase impacts from land acquisition, including the disruption of livelihoods, the acquisition of small amounts of land and land-affixed assets and the relocation of vendors located near the roads, along with the potential loss of culturally significant or spiritual spaces; (b) construction phase risks, such as restricted access to roadside properties, risks related to labor and working conditions for construction workers, along with the risk of increased substance abuse and sexual exploitation and abuse/harassment, and transmission of communicable diseases (including COVID-19 and sexually transmitted diseases) associated with labor influx; and (c) operational phase risks to community health and safety due to increases in traffic, and the associated increases in road safety and SEA/SH risks. These risks and impacts are for the most part predictable and are possible to mitigate during the life of the 15EES1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts, ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions, ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management, ESS4 Community Health and Safety, ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement, ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources, ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities, ESS8 Cultural Heritage, and ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure. Dec 16, 2021 Page 9 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) project through the application of the screening and assessment procedures laid out in the ESMF, or reliable mitigatory or compensatory measures. 27. The project will be implemented in seven target provinces (i.e., Battambang, Banteay Meanchey, Pursat, Siem Reap, Kampong Speu, Kampong Chnang and Tbong Khmum) where there is a presence of Indigenous Peoples (IPs), including the Por, Chong, Kuoy, Phnong, Tupoun, Chaaraay, Koanh, Samraeh, and Kachak. Given this, the project needs to ensure that IPs are consulted in a culturally appropriate manner and that they have opportunities to benefit from project activities; this is elaborated as part of the SEP. There is also a need to ensure that IPs contribute to the project design and decisions, including participation in road selection processes and road design; these will be managed through the IPPF and the SEP. The IPPF also includes measures to ensure access to project benefits, proposes a methodology for screening for the presence of ethnic groups in the project’s area of influence to assess the expected direct or indirect social risks they may face, and propose measures to mitigate potential cumulative adverse environmental and social risks and impacts. For the rehabilitation of one bridge, whose location has been identified, screening indicated that there is no presence of IPs near or at the construction site. 28. The project Environmental risk is rated Moderate. Based on the nature of the civil works and lessons learned from the on-going KH-SEADRM1, the imapcts from rebuilding roads are expected to be temporary, reversible and site specific;impacts beyond the footprint of the sub-projects (the propsoed roads) is not considered likely. Phnom Samkos, central Cardamom Mountain in Pursat, and Phnom Aural, in the eastern part of Cardamom Mountain in Kampong Speu, are wildlife sanctuaries that are classified as protected areas by the Ministry of Environment. Environmentally sensitive receptors along the roads include areas of natural vegetation, grown fruit trees, rice fields and/or farmlands, and natural/artifical water bodies such as rivers, reservoirs, creeks, and ponds. Potential negative environmental impacts during construction include: (i) erosion and run-off to water bodies during earthworks, specifically during the construction of collapsed bridges and road sections, which would increase their elevation; (ii) the possibility of removing/trimming village fruit trees/branches and/or protected species, such as palm trees; (iii) pollution impacts from construction works, especially in dense communities (dust, noise, vibration, excessive water uses for construction, construction waste and used engine oil); accidents to road workers and users due to poor management of traffic; (iv) possibility of COVID-19 infections in campsites and communities, illegal fishing/hunting activities, accidents from unremoved UXOs; and (v) the possibiity of chance finds of cultural properties. During the operation of the roads, the direct and indirect impacts anticipated include: (i) increase in speed and likelihood of road accidents caused by the improved roads; (ii) medium to long-term pollution impacts on underground/surface water from earthworks for road elevations and sourcing of aggregates/ construction materials for concerete and DBST roads; (iii) increase in traffic volume and transport modes in the communities increasing noise and health concerns (including stresses); and (iv) the possibility of long-term adverse impacts from unintended development activities that would lead to land grabbing and/or illegal logging. Cumulative environmental impacts are anticipated, but are assessed to be small and negligible, given the nature and small scope of the civil works in a short period of time (ESMF). Screening for potential cumulative impacts will be conducted during the environmental and social screening exercise to be carried out for each identified road and bridge sub- project as per the project ESMF. Dec 16, 2021 Page 10 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) 29. The project TA support to MRD to mainstream disaster risk management into policies and investment planning processes will include environmental and social risk aspects, particularly to ensure that policies to be developed as part of the project will take into consideration equitable access to project benefits by disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. A CERC-ESMF is incorporated in the ESMF, consistent with the ESCP. 30. MRD has prepared the following draft environmental and social (E&S) risk management instruments: an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), which includes Labor- Management Procedures (LMP; under ESS2), as well as provisions for Pollution management (air, noise, solid and liquid wastes) and use of sourcing materials such as sand, gravel, water and energy usage (under ESS3), Community Health and Road traffic safety assessment and plan during construction and operation phases (under ESS4), Labor influx and Gender Based Violence assessments and plans (under ESS4), a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) with specific provisions for the voluntary land donation protocol and reporting (under ESS5), bio-diversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources (under ESS6), Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) and Cultural Heritage, including chance find procedures (ESS8); an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for one bridge; a Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP); and an Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP). 31. As part of the information disclosure arrangements, the drafts of the ESMF (including RPF, IPPF and LMP), SEP and ESCP including translations of the executive summaries in Khmer language were disclosed publicly on November 15, 2021 on the MRD website16. The executive summary translated into Khmer language of the ESMP for the TK2 bridge was disclosed on the same website on December 9, 2021 and the full ESMP on December 21, 2021. For the ESMF, SEP and ESCP, consultation meetings with stakeholders at national, provincial and district level were conducted between mid-November and mid- December 2021, and the updated instruments were re-disclosed on the same website on January 12, 2022 incorporating results of these meaningful consultations. Finalized instruments in English were disclosed by MRD on February 16, 2022 and their Khmer translations are scheduled to be disclosed on February 21, 2022, using the MRD website: https://www.mrd.gov.kh/seadrm-ii/. 32. The draft Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) includes a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and identifies affected and interested stakeholders and specific ways to engage them. A focus of the SEP is engagement with vulnerable groups, including IPs who may need specific considerations (such as language, location, and ways of engaging them). Site specific E&S assessments will be conducted during implementation in line with the screening procedure, including consideration of potential cumulative impacts, to inform site specific management plans based on the project’s ESMF. ESMPs will be prepared for sub-projects based on the screening, and it may be necessary to prepare Resettlement Plans (RPs) or Indigenous Peoples Plans (IPPs) as stand-alone documents. The ESMF/ESMPs will include specific provisions for Labor-Management Procedures (under ESS2), pollution management (air, noise, solid and liquid wastes) and use of the resources such as sand, gravel, water and energy usage (under ESS3), Community Health and Road traffic safety assessment and plan during the construction and operation phases (under ESS4), Labor influx and Gender Based Violence assessments and plans (under ESS4), a 16 https://www.mrd.gov.kh/2021/11/15/4632/#160-seadrm-ii-p1 Dec 16, 2021 Page 11 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) with specific provisions on voluntary land donation protocol and records reporting (under ESS5), biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of living natural resources (under ESS6), Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) and Cultural Heritage, including the chance find procedure (ESS8). 33. The TORs for project activities (technical studies, institutional strengthening, and update of legal framework) will be reviewed by the WB to ensure that ESF requirements are effectively integrated. These TORs will allow due consideration of the potential environmental and social implications of activities under the studies/analyses. 34. The MRD Environmental and Social Office (ESO) staff require ongoing support from national E&S consultants and the Bank. MRD’s provincial staff assigned to manage and monitor the environmental and social risks requires hands-on support. The Environmental and Social Risk Management function within MRD needs further strengthening. Component 3 includes activities to support building capacity and knowledge on the Bank’s Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). The ESCP identified tentative training items (including mainstreaming of green infrastructure solutions with applicable and appropriate nature-based solutions and climate resilient design) to ensure ownership and sustainability of resources. MRD’s ESMP booklet for rural roads (that is being applied for KH-SEADRM1) will be updated and finalized in March 2022 to reflect lessons learned, including in remote monitoring and consultations given the COVID-19 situation. E. Implementation Institutional and Implementation Arrangements 35. The proposed project will maintain the implementing arrangement of Component 1 of the KH- SEADRM1. The sole implementing agency of this project is MRD. The existing KH-SEADRM1 project management unit (PMU) in MRD will also manage the activities this Project. The PMU will liaise closely with MRD’s Rural Roads Department (RRD), per its mandate on rural roads network planning, construction, rehabilitation, and management. Under Component 2, planned early engagement of rural road users at the pre-design stage will help strengthen local partnerships that could mobilize resources for maintenance and fault reporting downstream. 36. The existing project management unit (PMU) for the ongoing KH-SEADRM1 project will manage KH-SEADRM2. The PMU will liaise closely with MRD’s Rural Roads Department (RRD), per its mandate on rural roads network planning, construction, rehabilitation, and management. While the Project Coordinator provides oversight over the project, the day-to-day activities of the PMU are led by the Project Director with support from the Project Manager and assigned staff of relevant MRD departments, including Department of Roads, Finance, Procurement, Planning and concerned provincial departments. The PMU will also ensure close coordination with other Development Partners on investments and TAs on rural roads managed by MRD. 37. The PMU and the Department of Supplies and Finance (DSF) of MRD will carry the fiduciary responsibility for the project. The PMU has an adequate fiduciary platform comprising staff, accounting Dec 16, 2021 Page 12 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) system, FM manual of procedures, contract management/ payments, and internal and external audit arrangements. . CONTACT POINT World Bank Keiko Saito Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist Dixi Mae Mengote Quah Infrastructure Specialist Veasna Bun Senior Infrastructure Specialist Borrower/Client/Recipient The Kingdom of Cambodia H.E. Dr. Aun Pornmoniroth Deputy Prime Minister admin@mef.gov.kh Implementing Agencies Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) H.E. Suos Kong Secretary of State suoskong@gmail.com FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects Dec 16, 2021 Page 13 of 14 The World Bank Cambodia Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Management Project II (P177185) APPROVAL Keiko Saito Task Team Leader(s): Dixi Mae Mengote Quah Veasna Bun Approved By Practice Manager/Manager: Country Director: Maryam Salim 23-Feb-2022 Dec 16, 2021 Page 14 of 14