Zanzibar Electricity Corporation (ZECO) P.O. Box 235 Zanzibar Town, TANZANIA DRAFT RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) for the Development of 132kV Transmission Line Project between Welezo and Ubago to Makunduchi and Matemwe and associated substations CONSULTANTS: Paulsam Geo-Engineering Company Ltd EDGE Consulting Engineers Ltd 7th Floor Faykat Tower, Ushindi Street, P.O. Box 24520, Ali Hassan Mwinyi Road, Morocco Area. Mikocheni B, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania P.O Box 70812, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Cell: +255-759 712111 Tel: +255-2460948, Fax No. +255 22 2461584; Email: edgeecltd@gmail.come Cell: +255-755-561 188/715-3655 862, E-mail: paulgongo@gmail.com, piliseleman@gmail.com OCTOBER, 2023 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION General Background The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar (RGoZ) is implementing the Zanzibar Energy Sector Transformation and Access project (ZESTA) with the financial support from the World Bank (WB). The primary goal of this project is to expand access to reliable and efficient electricity services and to scale up renewable energy generation in Zanzibar. It is a six years project whereby the Ministry of Water, Energy, and Minerals (MoWEM) and the Zanzibar Electricity Corporation (ZECO) are the main implementers. The project encompasses three main components namely: a) Component 1: Renewable Energy and Storage Infrastructure Development. b) Component 2: Grid Modernization and Access Scale-up. c) Component 3: Sector Institutional Strengthening and Project Implementation Support. The implementation of ZESTA project will require full acquisition of land for the 132kV Transmission Line (TL) and associated infrastructures i.e. the substations and switching stations. Consequently, the acquisition of new land will result in physical and economic displacement. In order to ensure adequate management of land in compliance with the Zanzibar legislative requirements and applicable World Banks Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs), particularly ESS 5 on Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement. ZECO engaged Paulsam Geo-Engineering Company Limited to prepare the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the 132kV TL and associated substations. This document presents the RAP report for the proposed 132kV TL and associated infrastructures to be constructed between Welezo and Ubago; Ubago and Matemwe as well as Ubago and Makunduchi in Unguja island, Zanzibar. The RAP specifies procedures that will be followed and the actions that will be taken to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected by the project. Objectives and Scope of the RAP The main objective of the RAP is to minimize resettlement as much as feasible and where this is not possible to propose measures that would enable Project Affected Persons (PAPs) to regain their livelihoods and living standards to pre project levels or to better standards in accordance with the applicable provisions of ESS 5. Methodology and Approach of the RAP This RAP was prepared in adherence to the Zanzibar legislative requirements for land acquisition, compensation and resettlement as well as the applicable World Banks ESSs, particularly ESS 5. Combinations of methods were used to determine the extent of project impacts on land acquisition and resettlement, The methods include: a) A review of documents and literature b) Consultation and engagement with stakeholders October 2023 ES-1 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary c) Understanding of the project design, TL corridor and the entire area of impact d) Preparation of survey and data collection tools e) Carry out census of affected assets and socio-economic survey f) Adoption of standard principles and processes for land acquisition, resettlement and compensation g) Appraisal of alternatives to minimize resettlement impacts PROJECT DESCRIPTION Project Location and Accessibility The proposed 132kV TL route and associated infrastructures will traverse in all three Regions of Unguja in Zanzibar (i.e., Unguja South, North Unguja and Urban West). The project will be implemented in 5 districts which include North A and North B districts in North Unguja region; Central and South districts in Unguja South region; and West A district in Urban West region. The project will be implemented in 40 Shehia and will be accessed through the road network that exists in the project area in Unguja, Zanzibar. Project Components The proposed electric power development project has three main components: the overhead transmission line (OHTL), two (2) substations and a switching station. The OHTL will traverse from Welezo to Ubago and then from Ubago to Makunduchi and Matemwe areas. The line is designed to cater for bulk movement of electrical energy from solar PV plant to the substations. The proposed line will have a total distance of 93.934km. In order to cater for the technical, environmental, socio-economic and financial viability, the proposed OHTL has been segmented into two different designs and ROW as follows: a) Double Circuit Transmission Line on One-leg Tubular Steel Towers: This design will be implemented in a section between Welezo and Ubago. The TL will utilize the existing 15m ROW which is currently owned by ZECO. This means neither new land will be acquired nor people will be resettled from this section. b) Double Circuit Transmission Line on Four-leg Steel Lattice Towers: This design will be developed in the sections between Ubago and Matemwe and Makunduchi substations. It will require acquisition of a new land, 30m ROW for its development. As such, it will involve resettlement of people and their properties and assets (i.e. land, houses, structures, crops and trees). Two (2) substations will be developed at Matemwe and Makunduchi areas to transform voltage from high to low to cater for consumption, one (1) switching station will be constructed at Welezo to perform the switching operations. The three stations will require acquisition of new land for their development which will involve resettlement of people and their assets, hence, the need for inclusion in this RAP. Land Context The proposed OHTL will have a total distance of 93.934km covering a total area of 653.246 acres (within this, 29.975 acres were already acquired by ZECO in 2012 from Welezo to Ubago). This area includes two substations at Kijini Makunduchi (1.416 acres) October 2023 ES-2 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary in South District and Matemwe (2.2 acres) in North A District and one switch station at Welezo (0.618 acres) in the West A District. Moreover, in adherence to the relevant policies, laws and regulations that govern land acquisition, valuation and compensation in Zanzibar, there are four main categories of land ownership that exist in the project area and which have been adopted in the preparation of this RAP. These are public land, three acres land, Waqf and community land. LEGAL AND POLICY CONTEXT The Project is required to meet Zanzibar legislative requirements for land acquisition, compensation and resettlement as well as applicable World Banks ESSs notably ESS 5 on Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement. The following were reviewed / considered in preparation of this RAP: a) Laws relating to involuntary settlement in Zanzibar  The Constitution of Zanzibar  Zanzibar national land policy (2018)  Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95  Land Tenure Act, No.12 of 1992; Amendment (2003); Amendment (2013).  The Land Tribunal Act, No. 7, 1994; Amendment (2008)  The Registered Land Act, 1989  The Land Transfer Act, No. 8 of 1994; Amendment (2007)  The Land Allocations Regulations 2008.  The Land Survey Act No. 9 of 1990  Valuers Registration Act, 2015(Act No. 5 of 2015)  Zanzibar Environmental Management Act, 2015  Zanzibar Local Government Authority Act of 2014  ZECO Act no 3 of 2006  The guideline for compensation of crops and trees in Zanzibar (2023) b) The World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Standards (ESS5) The World Bank ESS5 recognizes that project-related land acquisition and restrictions on land use can have adverse impacts on communities and persons. The overall objectives of the ESS5 on Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement are:  To avoid involuntary resettlement or, when unavoidable, minimise involuntary resettlement by exploring project design alternative.  To avoid forced eviction.  To mitigate unavoidable social and economic impacts from land acquisition or restrictions on land use by (a) providing timely compensation for loss of assets at replacement and (b) assisting displaced person in their efforts to improve, or at least restore, their livelihoods and living standards, in real terms to pre- displacement level, or to level prevailing prior to the beginning of the project implementation, whichever is higher. October 2023 ES-3 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary  To improve living conditions of poor or vulnerable persons who are physical displaced, through provision of adequate housing, access to service and facilities and security to tenure.  To conceive and execute resettlement activities as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable displaced persons to benefit directly from the project, as the nature of the project may warrant.  To ensure that resettlement activities are planned and implemented with appropriate disclosure, of information, meaningful consultation, and the informed participation of those affected. According to ESS 5, affected persons may be classified as persons: (a) who have formal legal rights to land or assets; (b) who do not have formal legal rights to land or assets, but have a claim to land or assets that is recognized or recognizable under national law; or (c) who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land or assets they occupy or use. Each of these groups will be treated in a manner consistent with ESS 5. A gap analysis has been undertaken (see Chapter 3) in order to determine the difference between Zanzibar laws and World Bank requirements, with special attention to legal rights to land, improvements made on it and other property and/or title and access to other basic resources, eligibility criteria and compensation packages, etc. This analysis indicates that some aspects of Zanzibar laws and the World Bank ESS5 are not in full accord. This RAP includes a series of measures to address those gaps, consistent with Zanzibar Laws and complemented with additional measures to achieve consistency with World Bank Standards, especially with ESS 5. If during the implementation stage additional gaps were to be identified, the World Bank Standards will apply as they are more beneficial to PAPs. At a regulatory level, the main difference between Zanzibar legislation and the WB policies is that under Zanzibar legislation the land is government property but the citizens as well as investors are only given the land use permit. At the practical level, the measures defined in the RAP are expected to overcome the differences and ensure that resettlement activities are planned and implemented in accordance with ESS 5, including the need for consultations and the payment of compensations at replacement cost. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION Community consultation The community consultation was conducted through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and formal meetings with PAPs and other community members in each Shehia. Communication was done with Shehia leaders, and meetings are conducted at designated centres to encourage maximum participation of people within and around the project area. Shehia leaders made public announcements to inform the community and request participation in these meetings. Stakeholder Identification The identification of stakeholders for this project followed the procedure outlined in RPF. The RAP team identified the range of stakeholders directly or indirectly affected by the October 2023 ES-4 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary project. The following criteria systematically guided the identification of the stakeholder groups and summarised in Table 4-1:  Groups or individuals on whom the project will depend in one way or another to operate;  Groups of people or individuals who are directly affected by the project;  Groups or individuals who will need immediate attention from ZECO concerning social, environmental and RAP issues associated with the project;  Groups or individuals who can have an impact on the project concerning strategic planning and operational decision-making; and  Groups and individuals whose views can lead to a new understanding of the situation and identify opportunities for action that may not otherwise occur. Outcomes of Consultation Details of public consultation concerning the number and profile of participants show that, 70.5% of the people who attended the sensitization meeting were men. Observation shows that most of the women who participated in the discussion are the owners of the land in the Project affected areas. However, men were requested to attend the meeting with their wives but didn’t do so with the claim that women had been doing the house chores. In addition, during disclosure of the RAP and compensation schedules, PAPs will be informed that spouses should be present for the entitlement briefings and that Compensation Agreements structure include a spousal consent form. Key concerns raised included timing of the resettlement process, compensation for different land types, inclusion of assets, access to the RoW during operation, and access to employment opportunities. LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT PROCESS Establishment of Rates Under the provisions of The Land Decree Act of 1992, market research was undertaken in February 2022 in the three Regions. The research aimed at establishing current or up- to-date market values and replacement costs of compensable items. The prepared rates report was submitted to the CGV for endorsement and were approved. Execution of Surveys The surveys were mostly conducted in the logical order involving sensitization, establishment and announcement of the cut off dates, land delineation and adjudication, assets valuation surveys, collection of socio-economic details and disclosing of valuation schedules. Survey teams were accompanied by local government officials from the respective Shehia. SUMMARY OF AFFECTED PEOPLE AND ASSETS The baseline information was derived from Regional and District socio-economic profiles and the analysis of the RAP socio-economic survey. The baseline information establishes the current status of the project area to better benchmark and aid the measuring of project progress and success at all stages of the project cycle. October 2023 ES-5 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary Project Affected Persons (PAPs): The total land to be acquired for the project is 653.271 acres belonging to 1,357 PAHs (families) and 29 institutions with a total of 1,510 Project Affected Persons (PAPs). The baseline socio data analysis is based on 1,357- respondent households. Of the PAHs, 110 will be physically displaced only and 1412 will be economically displaced (including 225 who are losing only land, 18 who are losing business structures, 12 will be losing both land and structure and 1187 who are losing land for crops and trees). 1,734 valuations were undertaken. The socio-economic survey was undertaken with 1,357 households which covers 1,591 of the valuations. The remaining 143 valuations include 59 belonging to 29 institutions and 84 individual PAPs who are classified as absent or unknown. Gender: The gender ratio among the surveyed head of household is 1,203 (88.7%) male and 154 (11.3%) female. The data shows the majority of households are male-headed. However, wives occupy a more dominant position in the household than men in issues related to their children, household chores, and well-being. Female household-headed families include widows, single mothers and those divorced by their husbands. Land tenure: There are two main land tenure systems in the Project area, namely registered tenures and unregistered tenure. In this RAP, a total of 225 customary land owners were identified in the 40 affected shehias. The common land use is categorized as residential/commercial and agriculture though to a large extent is a mixture of both. Agricultural land is used predominantly for annual mono-crops, permanent mono-crops, and permanent mixed crops. Many household’s dwellings comprise of several occupied structures of varying sizes. The most common construction material is cement block walls (not mortared), with corrugated iron sheet roofs, cement floors, wooden doors and windows made of wire-mesh buttoned on timber frames. Livelihood The communities within the project area predominantly have land-based livelihoods and are heavily dependent on small and medium trading activities and the communal resources within the area such as markets. For small trading/business majority are doing veranda petty business whereby foodstuffs are the most sold items. For urban agriculture most are growing vegetables, banana trees and coconut trees. During FGDs it was identified that the crops cultivated for food are cassava, rice, cocoyams, banana, bilinganya, peas, egg plant and tomato while the cash crops are fruits (orange, tangerine, fennel and pineapple), ladies finger, coconut and vegetables. Vulnerable Households World Bank financed Project requires a socio-economic baseline survey which includes the identification of vulnerable individuals. This may include: poor households, female headed households, the elderly and people with disabilities. PAHs were observed to fall under either one or two categories of vulnerability as summarized below: a) A total of 292 falls under one category of vulnerability as follows:  37 households with disabled member(s)  175 households headed by females October 2023 ES-6 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary  78 households headed by elders (70 years or older)  2 households headed by children (18 years or less) b) A total of 48 PAHs falls under two categories of vulnerability as follows:  13 elders (aged 70 years of older) and female  14 elders (aged 70 years or older) and disabled  21 female head and disabled SUMMARY OF IMPACTS The major negative impact of ZESTA project is involuntary resettlement / displacement of people. The project will displace 1,357 households within the five districts. The impacts will involve the permanent loss of land, loss of residential/commercial structure, loss of shelter, and loss of trees and crops. Some of these cannot be avoided and therefore PAHs affected by permanent impacts will be compensated according to local Zanzibar legislation and WB ESS 5 standard requirements. ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENT AND COMPENSATION FRAMEWORK The Eligibility, Entitlement and Compensation Framework defines the eligibility criteria for affected persons to receive compensation and resettlement assistance, outlines the proposed entitlements for each type of displacement impact resulting from the Project, and determines the compensation rates and values applicable. All adversely affected by the project under in the categories defined in ESS 5 are entitled to benefits under the RAP. The absence of property titles will not be an impediment for affected parties to receive RAP benefits. Eligibility applies to land and assets that were established prior to the cut-off date. The early formulation and dissemination of eligibility criteria, together with the implementation of cut-off dates, assists in managing opportunistic claims and settlement. The eligibility criteria applied in this RAP were determined at the onset of the Project, as outlined in the RPF, and are based on the requirements described in paragraph 10 of ESS5. The following categories of persons who are eligible for compensation:  Owners of plots without buildings in the right of way (RoW);  Owners of plots with houses and other buildings in the right of way;  Owners of plots with non-residential buildings in the project area (i.e RoW);  Owner of land for agriculture/ horticulture/shelters for crafts with their land/structures (as source of income) in the right of way;  Community assets like schools, market centers, religious institutions, mosques, etc.;  Tenants/Sharecroppers;  Encroachers who were present prior to the cut-off date; and  Individuals and businesses adversely affected by access restrictions. It is recognized that a PAP may fall into more than one eligibility category (e.g. for land, structures and / or crops). LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN A range of measures and programs have been proposed to ensure that the existing livelihoods of Affected Persons is restored, or ideally improved, as part of the land acquisition and/or October 2023 ES-7 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary resettlement process. Considering the finding of the socio-economic surveys that most of the PAPs predominantly rely on land-based livelihoods, agricultural assistance will be the key basis of the livelihoods program. In terms of agriculture the following livelihood measures are proposed:  Provide training on improved farming (on land preparation and planting of agricultural land, crops diversification, seedlings propagation and nursery management, management of trees to maturity level and combating diseases on crops and trees).  Provide access to agricultural extension services to affected communities during resettlement implementation. Support on agricultural inputs will be in the form of provision of improved highly yielding seeds and trees seedlings of PAPs preferences and provision of fertilizers to help them to establish and improve production and consequently improve their livelihood. Other measures which will be implemented in the bid to restore people’s livelihood are:  Provide training on household budgeting and money management for all PAPs.  Provide training on livestock keeping and inputs.  Training support on entrepreneurship skills and undertakings.  Provision of short-term or temporary employment opportunities. Criteria will be set to determine PAPs who need Livelihood restoration program such as to establish the percentage (%) of the total land affected and see if the impact is permanent. However, if there are vulnerable PAPs such disabled, elderly or female headed household they will not be excluded in the LRP even if they remain with a large portion of their land following resettlement. SUPPORT TO VULNERABLE PAPs Vulnerable PAPs will need support during and after relocation so that they can maintain or improve their pre-project living conditions. In addition to the above proposed livelihood strategies, vulnerable PAPs will be provided with the following support:  In-kind compensation for affected land or structures for those who are unable to find those assets.  Special assistance such as assistance to enable them rightfully to get their compensation, provide legal advice to them, continuous explanations about the process and assistance to open up bank accounts, etc.  Priority for employment on project-related jobs.  Close monitoring on their socioeconomic situation during the transition process, to understand their situation, and determine if additional support measures are needed. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ZECO has developed a Grievance Redress Mechanisms (GRM) system for the ZESTA project to addressing grievances/complaints/concerns from PAPs who will be affected by the project directly or indirectly. The project GRM consists of six levels of dealing with grievances including Shehia, district, ZECO, region, ministry and recourse to court. During RAP study all October 2023 ES-8 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission line and associated substations Executive Summary PAPs were informed about this system and they were also given brochures written in Swahili language which indicated all the procedures to be followed. (ZESTA SEP, 2023). For GBV, SEA and SH names will not be indicated anywhere and there will be high level of confidentiality. All records for GBV/SEA/SH cases will be filed in a secure location with limited access to ensure confidentiality. All grievances related to the project development will be responded to and offered resolution while those non-project grievances will be submitted into different body/institution. IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET The detailed budget and schedule calculated after the assets census validation and socioeconomic survey of PAP amounts to TZS 19,019,398,195/=. This is a consolidated budget which includes compensation, livelihood restoration, support to vulnerable PAPs and RAP implementation and administration. Overall RAP Implementation Budget S/N Budget Item Cost (TZS) 1 Compensation Budget 15,311,340,366 2 RAP Implementation and Administration 673,284,417 3 GRCs facilitation and GRM capacity building 185,153,215 4 Livelihood restoration program 1,510,000,000 5 Vulnerable Group support 336,642,209 6 Internal Monitoring and Evaluation 302,977,988 7 Contingencies 700,000,000 Total 19,019,398,195 The source of funding for the implementation of the RAP is RGoZ, If additional funds were to be needed to implement the measures defined in the RAP, these will also be provided by RGoZ. MONITORING AND EVALUATION The Project will finalize a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) and reporting system prior to the implementation of the RAP. This will include both internal, external and participatory monitoring and reporting processes to ensure complete and objective information is provided. The RAP monitoring, evaluation and reporting process will be integrated into a larger project- wide environmental and social management process that will collectively inform the management of project-related impacts. This process will also confirm the levels of success of livelihood restoration measures and for that reason Monitoring and Evaluation of the impacts of resettlement will continue for a reasonable period after all resettlement and related development activities have been completed. Resettlement completion report will be prepared and are likely to include all activities and actions mentioned in the RAP. The report will also show if there are any pending tasks that would need to be addressed. October 2023 ES-9 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................... XIV LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. XVI LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... XVII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. XVIII GLOSSARY ......................................................................................................................................... XX INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE RAP ........................................................................................ 2 1.3 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH OF THE RAP ............................................................................. 2 1.4 CONTENT OF THE RAP .............................................................................................................. 6 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................. 7 2.1 PROJECT LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY..................................................................................... 7 2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS ............................................................................................................ 9 2.2.1 The 132kV Overhead Transmission Line (OHTL) ........................................................... 9 2.2.2 Sub-stations and Switching Station............................................................................... 10 2.3 LAND CONTEXT ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Project Land Requirement ............................................................................................ 12 2.3.2 Land Tenure .................................................................................................................. 13 2.3.2.1 Public Land ............................................................................................................................. 13 2.3.2.1.1 Land used by the public in common .................................................................................. 13 2.3.2.1.2 Land given to Government Institutions .............................................................................. 13 2.3.2.1.3 The lands under the control of the Government ................................................................ 13 2.3.2.2 Three acres land (Ardhi ya eka tatu) ...................................................................................... 13 2.3.2.3 Wakf/Devoted Lands .............................................................................................................. 14 2.3.2.4 Community Land .................................................................................................................... 14 3 LEGAL AND POLICY CONTEXT................................................................................................. 15 3.1 LAWS RELATING TO INVOLUNTARY SETTLEMENT IN ZANZIBAR ..................................................... 15 3.1.1 The Constitution of Zanzibar ......................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 Zanzibar National Land Policy (2018) ........................................................................... 15 3.1.3 Child Protection and Development Policy, 2001 ........................................................... 16 3.1.4 Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95................................................................................... 16 3.1.5 Land Tenure Act, No.12 of 1992; Amendment (2003); Amendment (2013). ................ 16 3.1.6 The Land Tribunal Act, No. 7, 1994; Amendment (2008) ............................................. 17 3.1.7 The Registered Land Act, 1989 .................................................................................... 18 3.1.8 The Land Transfer Act, No. 8 of 1994; Amendment (2007) .......................................... 18 3.1.9 The Land Allocations Regulations 2008. ...................................................................... 18 3.1.10 The Land Survey Act No. 9 of 1990 .............................................................................. 19 3.1.11 Valuers Registration Act, 2015(Act No. 5 of 2015) ....................................................... 19 3.1.12 Zanzibar Environmental Management Act, 2015 .......................................................... 20 October 2023 x Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables 3.1.13 Zanzibar Local Government Authority Act of 2014 ....................................................... 21 3.1.14 ZECO Act no 3 of 2006 ................................................................................................. 21 3.1.15 The guideline for compensation of crops and trees in Zanzibar (2023) ........................ 21 3.2 THE W ORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL STANDARDS .................................................. 22 3.2.1 Compensations and benefit for affected persons: ........................................................ 23 3.2.2 Physical and Economic displacement: .......................................................................... 23 3.3 THE GAPS BETWEEN ZANZIBAR LEGISLATION AND W ORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ....................... 23 4 CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ........................................................................................ 28 4.1 RATIONALE.............................................................................................................................. 28 4.2 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION..................................................................................................... 28 4.3 THE OBJECTIVE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATION ................................................ 28 4.4 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................ 28 4.5 ENGAGEMENT PROCESSES FOR VULNERABLE GROUPS ............................................................. 30 4.6 THE 1ST ROUND OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION .................................................................. 31 4.7 THE 2ND ROUND OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION.................................................................. 36 4.8 DISCLOSURE OF THE RAP ....................................................................................................... 60 4.9 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE DURING THE PREPARATION PHASE .................................................. 60 5 LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT PROCESS .......................................................... 61 5.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 61 5.2 STAGE 1: DEVELOPMENT OF RPF ............................................................................................ 61 5.3 STAGE 2: COMPLETION OF PRE-ACQUISITION ACTIVITIES............................................................ 61 5.3.1 Power line Route Selection ........................................................................................... 61 5.3.2 Detailed Surveys and Valuations .................................................................................. 61 5.3.2.1 Preparation and Planning ................................................................................................. 62 5.3.2.1.1 Questionnaires and FAQs .................................................................................................... 62 5.3.2.1.2 Training ................................................................................................................................. 62 5.3.2.1.3 Team Structure .................................................................................................................... 62 5.3.2.2 Establishment of Rates ..................................................................................................... 63 5.3.2.3 Execution of Surveys ........................................................................................................ 63 5.3.2.3.1 Sensitization ......................................................................................................................... 63 5.3.2.4 Land Delineation and Adjudication Surveys ..................................................................... 65 5.3.2.4.1 Asset Valuation Surveys ....................................................................................................... 66 5.3.2.4.2 Socio-economic Surveys ...................................................................................................... 67 5.3.3 Valuation Reports and Compensation Schedules ........................................................ 67 5.3.3.1 Compilation of Valuation Reports ............................................................................................ 67 5.3.3.2 Disclosure of Compensation Schedules ................................................................................. 68 5.3.3.3 Sign-off, Submission and Verification of Valuation Reports .................................................... 68 5.3.4 Conversion to Easement under ZECO and Relocation ................................................ 68 6 SUMMARY OF AFFECTED PEOPLE AND ASSETS ................................................................. 70 6.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 70 6.2 GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THE AREA ...................................................................................... 70 6.2.1 Demographic and Socio-economic Profile .................................................................... 70 6.2.2 Project Affected Persons (PAPs) .................................................................................. 70 6.2.3 Household Characteristics ............................................................................................ 70 6.2.4 Gender .......................................................................................................................... 72 6.2.5 Ethnic Groups ................................................................................................................ 73 6.2.6 Religion ......................................................................................................................... 73 6.2.7 Education Level of Household Head ............................................................................. 74 October 2023 xi Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables 6.2.8 Land Use and Tenure ................................................................................................... 75 6.2.9 Occupational Profile of Project-Affected Households ................................................... 75 6.2.10 Livelihood Activities ....................................................................................................... 76 6.2.10.1 Livestock Keeping .................................................................................................................. 77 6.2.11 Household Income and expenditure ............................................................................. 77 6.2.12 Public and Community Services ................................................................................... 78 6.2.12.1 Health Services ...................................................................................................................... 78 6.2.12.2 Access to School .................................................................................................................... 79 6.2.12.3 Water Services ....................................................................................................................... 79 6.2.12.4 Energy Services ..................................................................................................................... 80 6.2.12.5 Household Sanitation Facilities............................................................................................... 81 6.2.13 Vulnerable Households ................................................................................................. 81 6.2.13.1 Vulnerability Criteria ............................................................................................................... 82 6.2.13.2 Summary of Potentially Vulnerable Households ..................................................................... 85 7 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS ............................................................................................................ 87 7.1 LOSS OF LAND......................................................................................................................... 87 7.2 LOSS OF STRUCTURES ............................................................................................................ 88 7.3 LOSS OF BUSINESS AND LOCAL INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES .............................................. 90 7.4 LOSS OF SOCIAL SERVICES AND INSTITUTIONS.......................................................................... 91 7.5 LOSS OF ECONOMIC TREES/CROPS.......................................................................................... 91 7.6 GRAVES .................................................................................................................................. 98 7.7 IMPACTS TO VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS .................................................................................. 98 7.8 MEASURES TO MINIMIZE DISPLACEMENT IMPACTS...................................................................... 99 7.8.1 Summary of Impacts and Management Measures ..................................................... 102 8 ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENT AND COMPENSATION FRAMEWORK ................................... 105 8.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 105 8.2 ELIGIBILITY ............................................................................................................................ 105 8.2.1 Eligibility Categories .................................................................................................... 106 8.2.2 Cut-off dates ................................................................................................................ 106 8.3 ENTITLEMENTS ...................................................................................................................... 106 8.3.1 Entitlement Matrix........................................................................................................ 107 8.4 VALUATION AND COMPENSATION ............................................................................................ 113 8.4.1 Valuation and Compensation under RGoZ Legislation ............................................... 113 8.4.1.1 Land ..................................................................................................................................... 114 8.4.1.2 Buildings and Structures ....................................................................................................... 116 8.4.1.3 Crops and Trees ................................................................................................................... 116 8.4.1.4 Disturbance Allowance ......................................................................................................... 116 8.4.1.5 Graves .................................................................................................................................. 116 8.4.1.6 Government Land and Assets .............................................................................................. 117 8.4.2 Valuation for Compensation for Additional Entitlements under World Bank Standards 117 8.4.2.1 Transaction Costs Associated with Land .............................................................................. 118 8.4.2.2 Entitlements to Vulnerable Persons ...................................................................................... 118 9.0 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN .......................................................................................... 120 9.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 120 9.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION ACTIVITIES .................................................... 120 9.3 LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA. ................................................................ 120 9.4 INCOME AND LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION SUPPORT .................................................................. 122 9.5 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN............................................................................................. 123 October 2023 xii Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables 9.5.1 Financial management training .......................................................................................... 123 9.5.2 Agricultural training and inputs ........................................................................................... 124 9.5.3 Entrepreneurship training and supports ............................................................................. 125 9.5.4 Livestock keeping training and inputs. ............................................................................... 125 9.5.5 Provision of short-term or temporary employment opportunities ....................................... 126 9.6 GENDER AND VULNERABILITY CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................................... 126 9.7 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................... 127 9.8 MONITORING AND EVALUATION .............................................................................................. 127 10 GRIEVANCES REDRESS MECHANISM...................................................................................... 128 10.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT’S GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE ................... 128 10.2 GRIEVANCE COMMITTEES AND MANAGEMENT PROCESS ............................................................... 128 10.2.1 Shehia Grievance committee ........................................................................................... 129 10.2.2 ZECO Grievance Committee ........................................................................................... 129 10.2.3 District Grievance Committee .......................................................................................... 129 10.2.4 Regional Grievance Committee ....................................................................................... 130 10.2. 5 Ministerial (MoWEM) Grievance Committee ................................................................... 130 10.2.6 Grievance at land Tribunal Court ..................................................................................... 131 10.2.7 High Court ........................................................................................................................ 131 10.3 GENDER BASED VIOLENCE (GBV) AND SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE GRIEVANCES ............. 131 10.4 REPORTING AND RECORD KEEPING ............................................................................................ 131 11 IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET ...................................................................................................... 133 11.1 BUDGET ESTIMATE .................................................................................................................... 133 12 MONITORING AND EVALUATION .............................................................................................. 135 12.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 135 12.2 MONITORING AND EVALUATION PROCESS ................................................................................... 135 12.2.1 Purpose of Monitoring ................................................................................................. 135 12.2.2 Purpose of Evaluation ...................................................................................................... 136 12.2.3 Types of Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................................. 140 12.2.3.1 Process Monitoring .................................................................................................................. 140 12.2.3.2 Compliance Monitoring ............................................................................................................ 142 12.2.3.3 Completion Audit ...................................................................................................................... 143 12.3 REPORTING ............................................................................................................................... 144 October 2023 xiii Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Site Selection Criteria .......................................................................................... 4 Table 1-2: RAP Structure Summary ...................................................................................... 6 Table 2-1: Distance covered (km) by the Project for each Shehia ....................................... 12 Table 3-1: Differences between Zanzibar Laws and World Bank Requirements Regarding Land Acquisition and Resettlement ................................................................... 25 Table 4-1: Identified RAP Stakeholders .............................................................................. 29 Table 4-2: Details of stakeholders who attended the sensitization meetings during the 1st round of consultation. .................................................................................................... 31 Table 4-3: PAPs' Views and concerns aired during consultative meetings .......................... 33 Table 4-4: Categories, dates and name of the District/Shehia engaged. ............................. 36 Table 4-5: PAPs views and concerns raised during second round consultation meetings. .. 38 Table 5-1: Three-stage Process to Complete Land Acquisition and Resettlement .............. 61 Table 5-2: Summary of Survey Team Training Topics......................................................... 62 Table 5-3: Sensitization and Cut-Off dates for Shehia’s in Three Regions .......................... 64 Table 6-1: Summary of Household Characteristics per Project-affected District .................. 70 Table 6-2: Summary of Project Affected Households per Shehia ........................................ 71 Table 6-3: Education Level of Household Head .................................................................. 74 Table 6-4: Percentage of land use in all Districts that are affected by the TL ...................... 75 Table 6-5: Summary of Livelihood Activities per District ...................................................... 76 Table 6-6: Pre-existing Contributing Factors and Potentially Vulnerable Groups ................. 83 Table 6-7: Total Number of Potentially Vulnerable Households ........................................... 85 Table 7-1:Loss of Land per Affected Shehia per Acres ....................................................... 87 Table 7-2: Affected Building/Structure ................................................................................. 88 Table 7-3: List of Affected Perennial Crops per Shehia per Stem ........................................ 92 Table 7-4: List of Affected Crops per Acre........................................................................... 93 Table 7-5: Number of affected Trees................................................................................... 94 Table 7-6: Graves impacted by the Project ......................................................................... 98 Table 7-7: Summary of Impacts and Management Measures ........................................... 102 Table 8-1: Entitlement Matrix ............................................................................................ 108 Table 8-2: Land rates for relevant Shehia in the project area in Unguja ............................ 114 October 2023 xiv Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Tables Table 11-1: Compensation Budget .................................................................................... 133 Table 11-2: Overall RAP Implementation Budget .............................................................. 133 Table 12-1: RAP Implementation Evaluation Framework .................................................. 138 Table 12-2: Monitoring Matrix............................................................................................ 141 October 2023 xv Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Figures LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1: The 132 kV Power line corridor and associated substations................................ 8 Figure 2-2: Typical sections of the Double Circuit OHTL on one-leg tubular steel towers ...... 9 Figure 2-3: Typical sections of the Double Circuit OHTL on four-leg steel lattice towers ..... 10 Figure 2-4: Typical Section of substations at Makunduchi and Matemwe and switching station at Welezo.......................................................................................................... 11 Figure 5-1: Sensitization and Engagement meetings in different Shehias ........................... 64 Figure 5-2: Land Delineation and Adjudication Surveys in various Shehia .......................... 66 Figure 5-3: Examples of Valuation numbers placed on dwellings and structures as part of the survey process.................................................................................................. 67 Figure 6-1: Family Size Among the Project Affected Households. ....................................... 72 Figure 6-2: Marital Status of the Females in the Affected Household . ................................ 73 Figure 6-3: Religion ............................................................................................................. 74 Figure 6-4: Occupation of Household Head ........................................................................ 76 Figure 6-5: Average Household Monthly Income................................................................. 78 Figure 6-7: Water Services.................................................................................................. 80 Figure 6-8: Energy Source for Lighting ................................................................................ 80 Figure 6-9: Energy Source for Cooking ............................................................................... 81 Figure 6-10: Percentage of sanitation facilities available ..................................................... 81 October 2023 xvi Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations List of Appendices LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: Survey Questionnaire Appendix B: Compensation Rates Appendix C: Consultation and Disclosure October 2023 xvii Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Acronyms and Abbreviations ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations or Acronyms Meaning ASSP Agricultural Services Support Programme CBO Community Based Organization CDO Community Development Officer CGV Chief Government Valuer CMT Council Management Team DAS District Administrative Secretary DC District Commissioner DED District Executive Director DGPS Differential Global Positioning System EHT Electrically Heat Traced ESF Environmental and Social Framework ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESS Environmental and Social Standards FAQ Frequently Asked Question FGD Focus Group Discussion GBV Gender-Based Violence GIS Geographic Information System GoT Government of Tanzania GRC Grievance Redress Committees GRM Grievance Redress Mechanisms HV High Voltage JAMABECO Jambiani Marine Beach Conservation JDF Jangowe Development Fund JECA Jozan Environment Conservation Association km Kilometer kV Kilovolt LRA Livelihood Restoration Activity LRP Livelihood Restoration Plan LRS Livelihood Restoration Strategy m Meter M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MLHD Ministry of Land, Housing and Development MP Members of Parliament NGO Non-Governmental Organization OCD Office Commander District OHTL Overhead Transmission Line PAC Project Affected Community PADEP Participatory Agricultural Development Empowerment PAH Project Affected Household PAP Project Affected Person PaulSam PaulSam Geo-Engineering Company Ltd PIU Project Implementing Unit PV Photovoltaic October 2023 xviii Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Acronyms and Abbreviations Abbreviations or Acronyms Meaning RAP Resettlement Action Plan RC Regional Commissioner RGoZ Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar ROW Right of Way RPC Regional Police Commander RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan TAHA Tanzania Horticultural Association TAMWA Tanzania Media Women’s Association TASAF Tanzanian Social Action Fund TASAF Tanzania Social Action Fund TECA Tumbatu Environment Conservation Associations TL Transmission Line TPDF Tanzania People Defence Force UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund UNPFA United Nations Population Fund VR Valuation Report WB World Bank ZAECA Zanzibar Anti – Corruption and Economic Crimes Authority ZAWA Zanzibar Water Authority ZECO Zanzibar Energy Corporation ZEMA Zanzibar Environmental Management Act ZESTA Zanzibar Energy Sector Transformation and Access project ZHA Zanzibar Housing Authority October 2023 xix Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Glossary GLOSSARY Term Definition Acres per hectare One acre is equivalent to 0.4 hectares (ha). Asset survey A survey undertaken to identify and assess all assets by owner and / or rights holder. Payment in cash or in-kind for an asset such as land and improvements on land, or a Compensation resource that is acquired or affected by a project. Construction Corridor A corridor used as workspace within which to construct the powerline. Any or all Contractors that provide services or materials to execute the project Contractor pursuant to a contract established by and between Contractor and Developer. In Zanzibar the date of the commencement of the valuation of assets of persons affected by the project. Persons occupying the project area after the cut-off date are Cut-off date not eligible for compensation and / or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets (such as built structures, crops, fruit trees and woodlots) established after the cut-off date will not be valued or compensated. The physical, economic, social and / or cultural uprooting of a person, household, Displacement social group or community as a result of the project. Loss of assets (including land), or loss of access to assets, leading to loss of income or means of livelihood as a result of project-related land acquisition or restriction of Economic Displacement access to natural resources. People or enterprises that may be economically displaced with or without experiencing physical displacement. Entitlement to compensation and assistance due displacement impacts resulting from Eligibility Project required land acquisition, revocation of rights and / or the expropriation of property. Compensation offered to persons, households, groups and / or communities physical and / or economically displaced by the Project. This includes (but is not limited to): Entitlements financial compensation; the right to participate in livelihood restoration programs; housing, service provision, transport assistance, and other short-term assistance required to move from one site to another. Describes compensation for both physical and economic losses due to resettlement or Entitlement Framework displacement and identifies categories of people who will be eligible to receive compensation as a result of these losses. A qualitative data collection methodology involving small groups of people to discuss Focus Groups selected points of interest. A combination of computer hardware, software and data that is used to capture, Geographic Information maintain, analyze and display information related to the geographic location of System (GIS) features and facilities. A matter considered by a PAP / community member to be unjust or unfair as a result Grievance of Project activities that causes distress. A group of persons who may or may not be related, but who share a home or living Household space, who aggregate and share their incomes, and evidenced by the fact that they regularly take meals together. Resettlement is considered involuntary when affected individuals or communities do not have the right to refuse land acquisition that will result in displacement. This occurs Involuntary in cases of lawful compulsory acquisition or restrictions on land use based on eminent Resettlement domain; and in cases of negotiated settlements in which the buyer can resort to compulsory acquisition or impose legal restrictions on land use if negotiations with the seller fail. Land acquisition includes both outright purchases of property and purchases of access Land Acquisition rights, such as rights-of-way. October 2023 xx Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Glossary Term Definition A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets and activities required for a person to make a living such as: wages from employment; cash income earned through an enterprise or through sale of produce, goods, handicrafts or services; rental income from land or premises; income from a harvest or animal husbandry; share of a harvest (such as various sharecropping arrangements) or livestock production; self-produced Livelihood goods or produce used for exchange or barter; self-consumed goods or produce, food, materials, fuel and goods for personal or household use or trade derived from natural or common resources; pensions; various types of government allowances (child allowances, special assistance for the very poor); and remittances from family or relatives. A plan intended to set out how to replace or restore livelihoods lost or reduced as a result of a project. The plan aims to restore, or if possible, improve, the quality of life Livelihood Restoration and standard of living of affected parties and ensure food security through the Plan (LRP) provision of economic opportunities and income generating activities of affected property owners and their households. Livelihood Restoration Livelihood Restoration Program is a group of associated Livelihood Restoration Program activities. Loss of permanently occupied house / apartment, dwelling or shelter as a result of Physical Displacement Project-related land acquisition that requires the affected person(s) to move to another location. ZESTA Corridor A linear area where ZESTA project is placed. Activities from design, engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning, Project operating, maintaining and closure. Project Affected All members of a household, whether related or not, operating as a single economic Household (PAH) unit, who are affected by a project. Any individual who, as a result of the land acquisition required for the Project, loses the right to own, use, or otherwise benefit from a built structure, land (residential, Project Affected Person agricultural, pasture or undeveloped / unused land), annual or perennial crops and (PAP) trees, or any other fixed or moveable asset, either in full or in part, permanently or temporarily. Region The highest administrative division of Zanzibar-Tanzania. The system of regulations and the means to enforce them, usually established by a Regulatory Framework government to regulate a specific activity. Method of valuation yielding compensation sufficient to replace assets, plus necessary transaction costs associated with asset replacement. Where functioning markets exist, replacement cost is the market value as established through independent and competent real estate valuation, plus transaction costs. Where functioning markets do not exist, replacement cost may be determined through alternative means, such as Replacement Cost calculation of output value for land or productive assets, or the undepreciated value of replacement material and labor for construction of structures or other fixed assets, plus transaction costs. In all instances where physical displacement results in loss of shelter, replacement cost must at least be sufficient to enable purchase or construction of housing that meets acceptable minimum community standards of quality and safety The displacement or relocation of an affected population from one location to another Resettlement within the national territory, and the restructuring or creation of comparable living conditions. Support provided to people who are displaced by a project. Assistance may include transportation, food, shelter, and social services that are provided to affected people Resettlement assistance during their relocation. Assistance may also include cash allowances that compensate affected people for the inconvenience associated with resettlement. A plan that provides a comprehensive set of actions for addressing impacts related to physical and economic displacement. It describes the procedures and activities that Resettlement Action will be taken to compensate for losses, mitigate adverse project impacts, and provide Plan (RAP) development benefits to those who will be resettled or displaced as a result of a project. October 2023 xxi Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Glossary Term Definition A requirement for projects with sub-projects or multiple components that cannot be Resettlement Policy identified before project approval. The framework clarifies resettlement principles, Framework (RPF) organizational arrangements, and design criteria to be applied to subprojects to be prepared during project implementation. A baseline record of land use activities within the project footprint as well as the socio- Socio-economic economic characteristics of individuals and communities dependent on the land prior Baseline to the commencement of the land acquisition process, as well as host communities that will potentially be impacted by the project. A lower-level administrative subdivision of Zanzibar. Each Shehia generally comprises Shehia several zones. Individuals or groups of people who are directly or indirectly affected by a project, as Stakeholder well as those who may have interests in a project. They may have the ability to influence the outcome of the project, either positively or negatively. Forms part of the electrical generation and distribution system by transforming voltage Substation from high to low, for use on the electrically heat traced (EHT) system. Transaction costs include administrative charges, registration or title fees, reasonable moving expenses, and any similar costs imposed on affected persons. To ensure Transaction Costs compensation at replacement cost, planned compensation rates may require updating in project areas where inflation is high or the period of time between calculation of compensation rates and delivery of compensation is extensive. The valuation of project affected land and assets according to set compensation rates Valuation and schedules. People who, by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage or social status in the context of the project, may be more adversely affected by displacement than others and who may be limited in their ability to re- establish themselves or take advantage of resettlement assistance and related Vulnerable Persons development benefits. This group may include people living below the poverty line, the landless, the elderly, women- and children-headed households, ethnic minorities, communities dependent on natural resources or other displaced persons who may not be protected through national land compensation or land titling legislation. October 2023 xxii Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General Background The Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar (RGoZ) is implementing the Zanzibar Energy Sector Transformation and Access project (ZESTA) with the financial support from the World Bank (WB). The primary goal of this project is to expand access to reliable and efficient electricity services and to scale up renewable energy generation in Zanzibar. It is a six-years project which encompasses three main components namely: Component 1: Renewable Energy and Storage Infrastructure Development. This component focuses on the development of 18MW solar photovoltaic (PV) plant at Makunduchi and battery storage infrastructure. The investment aims to improve the security of power supply in Unguja and meet the growing electricity demand in the short term while paving the way for future renewable energy scale-up. Component 2: Grid Modernization and Access Scale-up. This component involves the construction of the first 132kV high voltage transmission backbone infrastructure to meet the growing power demand, evacuate power from the proposed solar PV power plant, and enhance power supply quality and reliability across Unguja. Additionally, this component finances investments for strengthening the distribution network and increasing access to electricity. Component 3: Sector Institutional Strengthening and Project Implementation Support. This component provides support for project implementation, sector institutional strengthening, design and implementation of critical planning, strategy, and regulatory frameworks. This includes frameworks for energy efficiency and gender inclusivity. The Ministry of Water, Energy, and Minerals (MoWEM) and the Zanzibar Electricity Corporation (ZECO) are the main implementers of ZESTA project. While ZECO executes Component 1, Component 2, and relevant parts of Component 3, MoWEM oversees the majority of Component 3. Both MoWEM and ZECO have set up dedicated Project Implementation Units led by a Project Coordinator and Project Manager, respectively. The implementation of ZESTA project will require acquisition of new land for development of some infrastructures including the 132kV Transmission Line (TL) and associated infrastructures i.e. the substations and switching stations. Consequently, the acquisition of new land will result in physical and economic displacement. In order to ensure adequate management of land in compliance with the Zanzibar legislative requirements and applicable World Banks Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs), ZECO-PIU engaged Paulsam Geo-Engineering Company Limited to prepare the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the 132kV TL. This document presents the RAP report for the proposed 132kV TL and associated infrastructures to be constructed between Welezo and Ubago; Ubago and Matemwe as well as Ubago and Makunduchi in Unguja island, Zanzibar. The plan specifies procedures that will be followed and the actions that will be taken to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected by the project. October 2023 1 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 1.2 Objectives and Scope of the RAP The main objective of the RAP is to minimize resettlement as much as feasible and where this is not possible to propose measures that would enable Project Affected Persons (PAPs) to regain their livelihoods and living standards to pre project levels or to better standards. The RAP establishes and describes:  A summary of the legal framework;  The individuals and households who will experience physical and / or economic displacement, and the communities who will experience impacts associated with the land acquisition process;  The way that compensation rates for lost assets were determined;  Eligibility criteria and the entitlements for affected individuals, households and institutions (including in-kind and cash compensation options);  The process used to identify affected vulnerable individuals and groups;  Levels of assistance for resettlement of affected households (including vulnerable individuals and groups);  Measures to reinstate livelihoods of affected persons and households;  Roles and responsibilities to undertake and implement the RAP;  The Project’s approach to stakeholder engagement and consultation with PAPs and other interested parties, including the project grievance management mechanism; and  Activities required to implement, and monitor land acquisition, compensation and livelihood restoration commitments made within this RAP. 1.3 Methodology and Approach of the RAP This RAP was prepared in adherence to the Zanzibar legislative requirements for land acquisition, compensation and resettlement as well as the applicable World Banks ESSs. Combinations of methods were used to determine the extent of project impacts on land acquisition and resettlement, The methods include: a) A review of documents and literature Several relevant documents and literature containing information vital for the project were reviewed. These included the following:  Project documents which were prepared to guide the preparation of RAP including Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF), Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), and Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP).  Zanzibar policies, laws and regulations related to land acquisition, compensation and resettlement which include the Zanzibar Constitution, the Zanzibar National Land Policy (2018), Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95; Land Tenure Act, No.12 of 1992; Amendment (2003); Amendment (2013); The Registered Land Act, 1989; The Land Transfer Act, No. 8 of 1994; Amendment (2007); The Land Tribunal Act, No. 7, 1994; October 2023 2 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 Amendment (2008); The Land Allocations Regulations 2008; The Land Survey Act No. 9 of 1990; Zanzibar Environmental Management Act, 2015; Zanzibar Local Government Authority Act of 2014 and the guideline for compensation of crops and trees in Zanzibar (2023).  World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). b) Consultation of Stakeholders Stakeholder consultation is a vital aspect of the project cycle and was done throughout all phases of RAP preparation. The consultation included stakeholders at national level (MoWEM, ZECO, Ministry of Land, Chief Government Valuer, Zanzibar Commission for Land, etc.); stakeholders at Local Government Authority level (relevant actors in project affected regions and districts); stakeholders at Shehia level (including Shehas, other leaders at local level); and PAPs including the vulnerable PAPs. Community meetings were organized in the affected Shehia and vulnerable people were met. Other means of stakeholder’s consultation and engagement include but not limited to key informants’ interviews, focused group discussions, etc. c) Understanding of the TL corridor A detailed analysis of maps, aerial photographs and satellite images combined with visits to the line corridor established by ZECO. d) Preparation of survey and data collection tools The tools include field equipment including DGPS, questionnaires, electronic tablets, paper census card and the census procedure. e) Census of Affected Assets and Socio-Economic Survey The results of the affected assets (structures, trees, crops, land) survey and PAP census are presented in chapters 6 and 7. The census of the affected household’s structures, trees, crops and land surface was performed by a registered Valuer. The valuation and compensation for land, structures crops and trees were done in accordance with the relevant laws and regulation applicable in Zanzibar. After the census the Valuer produced an official Valuation Report (VR). This Report will be presented to the Chief Government Valuer in Zanzibar for validation. f) Adoption of standard principles and processes adopted for land acquisition, resettlement and compensation. There are principles and processes that has been adopted for land acquisition, resettlement and compensation. These Principles and Processes have been groups into three stages: Stage 1: Development of a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) Stage 2: Completion of Pre-Acquisition Activities also known as Resettlement Planning. This includes RoW route selection; detailed surveys and valuations; VRs and compensation schedules; socio-economic and livelihood investigation activities and development of the RAP. October 2023 3 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 Stage 3: Completion of Acquisition and Granting of Rights also known as Resettlement Implementation. These principles and processes have been explained in detail in Chapter 5 of this report. g) Appraisal of alternatives to minimize resettlement impacts Good practice requires that displacement be avoided or minimized wherever feasible through the assessment of alternative Project and engineering designs and the application of various criteria. Based on this, the Consultant collaborated with ZECO technical team to appraise options to identify a suitable route for the 132kV TL and associated infrastructures. It involved identification of the prevailing constraints to minimize resettlement effects and associated social impacts. The process involved the assessment of several alternatives considered during the early stages of project development by ZECO technical team as well as additional alternatives which were explored during RAP preparation phase. The process began by identifying sensitive areas and other areas of interest, followed by numerous screening studies to evaluate environmental, social, geo- hazards and constructability. Table 1-1 presents a set of criteria which were used to appraise and ultimately select the feasible Power line route, TL design and associated infrastructures. Some criteria resulted in certain areas being strictly avoided. Consideration was also given to avoid as far as possible physical displacement and, where it was not avoidable, to minimize displacement. Although priority was given to avoidance of sensitive areas, in selecting the final route, consideration was also given to logistics and infrastructure requirements. Close proximity to roads necessary to support the construction process and long-term operation of the power line were taken into account. Table 0-1: Site Selection Criteria 1 Topic Criteria:  Operational considerations: reliability together with construction and maintenance concerns. Experience of the difficulties in maintaining OHTLs in similar areas was considered in selecting the routes AP’s,  The issues arising from construction concerns were to: o Avoid extensive areas of rocks and crags to minimize the construction access difficulties, Technical. o Avoid extensive areas of deep peat to minimize the foundation and construction access difficulties, and o Be close as possible to existing roads.  Economic Issues: additional major expenses were avoided as a result of avoiding technical difficulties; and that the route was as direct as reasonably possible consistent with the standard obligations in general,  Consultant’s visual and intellectual judgment  Avoiding all protected forests areas and reserved forest areas, Environmental.  The consideration of potential environmental impacts as assessed during the ESIA,  Established routing practice and the application of the ESSs 1 Based on Shaker Design report October 2023 4 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 Topic Criteria:  Avoiding the Residential Areas, to the extent possible by increasing the number of Socio- Angle Points (AP’s), or using alternative technical solutions economic /  Minimizing the impacts on the Health Centers, Schools, Churches, etc. by avoiding cultural these structures, heritage. The following are typical example of action taken to avoid/minimize impact in specific areas of the RoWs; i. Mangroves in Jozani Forest Reserve: During operation, there will be two towers [one located in the mangroves area and the other outside] with a span of more than 300m from each. The two towers will be 50m high far beyond mangroves’ 8m maximum growth. Therefore, during maintenance no vegetation clearance will be conducted in the RoW between the two towers. Should maintenance and repair be necessary, it will be done manually using handheld/operated equipment only. ii. Graves and Graveyards: There are large graveyards in Matemwe, Ubago, Binguni and other smaller graveyards along the RoW. The graves are not going to be relocated, instead, they will be fenced off during construction and operation of the project. However, the local community will no longer be allowed to use these areas for burial activities. ZECO, the project supervisor will ensure that foundations of the towers are not placed on top of any graves/graveyards. The owner of the graves has requested ZECO not to relocate graves because of religious beliefs and they have accepted not to continue utilizing the land for burying activities in the future. To minimize the impact, ZECO will provide compensation to the landowners of family graves/graveyards that are affected by the project. Additionally, ZECO will find alternative land for the community to use for future burial services. iii. Tanzania People Defense Force (TPDF): In Welezo shehia there is land that belongs to TPDF where they place their military equipment. At this section RoW was placed away from military equipment location to meet minimum allowable distance for high tension power. This will avoid interference between TL and military equipment and safety of both will be assured. iv. Public properties (School, Hospital, Madrassa, Church, Mosques etc): In the areas where there is public property RoW tried to avoid them at all and if is unavoidable to minimize its impact. For example, In Legeza Mwendo Secondary school in Mwera Shehia, TL avoided buildings of the school by introducing angle tower and reducing distance from one angle tower to the other. v. Redesign of Overhead Transmission Line (OHTL) from the double circuit on four-leg steel lattice towers to the double circuit on one-leg tubular steel towers. This design will be implemented in a section between Welezo and the breaking point at Ubago. The TL will utilize the existing 15m ROW which was acquired by ZECO in 2012.This means neither new land will be acquired nor people will be resettled from this section. This is contrary to the initial design whereby 15m more would have been required to make 30m ROW. The design has been opted in the efforts to minimize the socio-economic impact and make the entire project viable taking into account the fact that this section is the most developed in terms of population density, settlement and October 2023 5 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 1 urban infrastructures. In addition to that, there are encroachers in the 15m ROW already acquired by ZECO. Their entitlements have been explained in Chapter 8. 1.4 Content of the RAP Table 1-2 summarizes the structure of the remaining chapters of this RAP. Table 0-2: RAP Structure Summary Chapter Content Chapter 2 Project description focusing on the Unguja Zanzibar describing the steps taken to avoid or minimize displacement. Chapter 3 Regulatory framework including Zanzibar laws relating to land acquisition, compensation and resettlement; applicable World Bank standards; and an analysis of the gaps between Zanzibar and World Bank ESF for land acquisition and involuntary resettlement. Chapter 4 Approach to stakeholder engagement, consultation and information disclosure related to the land acquisition program. A summary of engagement activities during the RAP planning is presented, along with more details in a supporting appendix Chapter 5 Principles and processes adopted for land acquisition, resettlement and compensation for the Project including identification of vulnerable individuals and groups. Overview of the socio-economic context of the Region, District and Project affected Shehias, and Chapter 6 the physical and economic displacement impacts of the land acquisition. Summary of resettlement impacts Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Entitlement and compensation framework, including eligibility criteria, compensation options, the valuation methodology for land and assets, and the entitlements to be offered to PAPs to meet Zanzibar regulatory requirements and World Bank standards. Livelihood Restoration Plan (LRP) describing the approach to be adopted by the project to Chapter 9 restore, or improve where possible, the livelihoods and standard of living of persons displaced. Chapter 10 Grievance Redress Mechanism Chapter 11 Implementation Budget Chapter 12 Planned monitoring and evaluation of the land acquisition and resettlement program. October 2023 6 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Location and Accessibility The proposed 132kV TL route and associated infrastructures will traverse in all three Regions of Unguja in Zanzibar (i.e., Unguja South, North Unguja and Urban West) as reflected in Figure 2-1. The project will be implemented in 5 districts which include North A and North B districts in North Unguja region; Central and South districts in Unguja South region; and West A district in Urban West region. The project will be implemented in 40 Shehias and will be accessed through the existing road network. October 2023 7 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 Figure 2-1: The 132 kV Power line corridor and associated substations October 2023 8 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 2.2 Project Components The proposed project has three main components: the overhead transmission line (OHTL), two (2) substations and a switching station. The subsections below provide details of each component highlighted above. 2.2.1 The 132kV Overhead Transmission Line (OHTL) The overhead transmission line (OHTL) will traverse from Welezo to Ubago and then from Ubago to Makunduchi and Matemwe areas. The OHTL is designed to cater for bulk movement of electrical energy from solar PV plant to the substations. The proposed line will have a total distance of 93.934km traversing 40 Shehias, 5 districts and 3 regions of Unguja in Zanzibar as highlighted in section 2.1. In order to cater for the technical, environmental, socio-economic and financial viability, the proposed OHTL has been segmented into two different design and ROW: i.e. (1) the double circuit OHTL on one-leg tubular steel towers and (2) the double circuit OHTL on four-leg steel lattice towers as elaborated further in the sub-paragraphs below. 1) Double Circuit Transmission Line on One-leg Tubular Steel Towers This design will be implemented in a section between Welezo and the breaking point at Ubago. The TL will utilize the existing 15m ROW which is currently owned by ZECO. This means neither new land will be acquired as such only PAPs who have encroached onto the RoW will need to be compensated. The design (Figure 2-2) has been opted for to minimize the socio-economic impact and make the entire project viable taking into account the fact that the section in question is the most developed portion along the TL route in terms of population density, settlement and urban infrastructures. Figure 2-2: Typical sections of the Double Circuit OHTL on one-leg tubular steel towers 2) Double Circuit Transmission Line on Four-leg Steel Lattice Towers This design will be developed in a section between the breaking point at Ubago and Matemwe 132 / 33kV substation as well as between the breaking point at Ubago and October 2023 9 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 Makunduchi 132 / 33kV substation. This segment requires acquisition of a new land, 30m ROW for its development. This will therefore involve resettlement of people and their properties and assets including land and contained houses, building structures, crops and trees. The design (Figure 2-3) has been opted for the large section of the TL considering their commonness and financial viability which also promises significant benefits especially where land availability is not an issue. Figure 2-3: Typical sections of the Double Circuit OHTL on four-leg steel lattice towers 2.2.2 Sub-stations and Switching Station Two (2) substations will be developed at Matemwe and Makunduchi areas to transform voltage from high to low to cater for consumption and one (1) switching station will be constructed at Welezo to perform the switching operations. The three stations will require acquisition of new land for their development as outlined in section 2.3. October 2023 10 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 A typical section of substation at Makunduchi A typical section of a substation at Matemwe A typical section of a switching station at Welezo Figure 2-4: Typical Section of substations at Makunduchi and Matemwe and switching station at Welezo October 2023 11 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 2.3 Land Context 2.3.1 Project Land Requirement The proposed OHTL will have a total distance of 93.934km covering a total area of 653.246 acres (within this, 29.975 acres were already acquired by ZECO in 2012 from Welezo to Ubago). This area includes two substations at Kijini Makunduchi (1.416 acres) in South District and Matemwe (2.2 acres) in North A District and one switch station at Welezo (0.618 acres) in the West A District. In line with national standards, all land needed for the TL and associated infrastructure will be fully acquired and PAPs will no longer have access to the land for any activities. Table 2-1 describes the total distance covered and areas in acreage for each Shehia. Table 2-1: Distance covered (km) by the Project for each Shehia Distance Impacted land in Region District Shehia (Km) (Acres) Matemwe 4.786 35.334 Chutama 0.726 5.387 Gamba 2.077 15.291 Chaani Masingini 1.747 12.903 North A Chaani Mcheza Shauri 0.549 4.066 North Unguja Chaani Kubwa 1.022 7.360 Kinyasini 1.184 8.630 Kikobweni 1.698 12.351 Upenja 2.291 16.578 North B Pangeni 1.980 14.534 Kilombero 2.932 21.552 Mchangani 2.239 16.691 Tunduni 1.072 7.827 Bambi 3.802 28.049 Mpapa 1.210 8.974 Dunga kiembeni 6.809 41.395 Kidimni 0.367 2.751 Ubago 5.398 22.962 Central Dunga Bweni 3.365 24.565 Binguni 2.876 20.227 Tunguu 4.996 36.208 Cheju 2.556 18.456 South Unguja Bungi 2.071 15.356 Kikungwi 1.581 11.721 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 4.222 30.011 Pete 5.064 37.217 Kitogani 3.575 26.426 Muungoni 3.897 28.899 Muyuni A 2.439 18.083 Muyuni B 1.996 14.794 South Muyuni C 2.607 19.342 Kibuteni 4.722 34.924 Nganani 1.038 7.559 Kijini Makunduchi 0.149 0.982 October 2023 12 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 Distance Impacted land in Region District Shehia (Km) (Acres) Mwera 1.585 5.828 Mwembe Mchomeke 0.546 2.092 Mtofaani 0.596 2.205 West Urban West A Mchikichini 0.645 2.382 Hawaii 0.194 0.751 Welezo 1.287 5.385 Road and Streams 7.198 TOTAL 93.934 653.246 2.3.2 Land Tenure The law has identified two main types of land users, which are the Government or the Public on the one side and individual/individuals on the other hand, where the Right of Land Use can be provided. According to the research conducted during the preparation of the National land Policy (2018), the existing land use rights tenure systems in Zanzibar can be categorised into four main categories, these are public land, three acres land (Ardhi ya eka tatu), wakf/devoted land and community land. 2.3.2.1 Public Land The entire land in Zanzibar is considered as public land. This includes land used by individuals as well as land used by the public or under Government control. In reality, public lands are divided into the following three categories. In this category of land, no individual has legal rights to use the land. 2.3.2.1.1 Land used by the public in common This group of public lands includes open spaces, beaches, natural forests and shrubs, rivers, springs, lakes or ponds, grasslands (uwandani). The management of these lands is not good and they are in danger of being invaded and misused. 2.3.2.1.2 Land given to Government Institutions These are lands given for public institutions to provide social services such as education and community health. However, many institutions have failed to protect and maintain these public lands. The defect has led to a large percentage of public lands, especially schools, hospitals, open spaces and road reserves being heavily invaded. 2.3.2.1.3 The lands under the control of the Government Lands under the control of the Government that are allocated for community development activities, agriculture and economy. These lands continue to decrease greatly and there is no great effort to preserve them. These lands include all land that has not yet been reclaimed. 2.3.2.2 Three acres land (Ardhi ya eka tatu) According to the Zanzibar National Land Policy of 2018, three acres land was provided by the government to the Zanzibarians between 1965 and 1974. The land was actually leased to the citizens in order to improve community livelihoods through agricultural activities. As such, the October 2023 13 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 2 land is supposed to be used for livelihood activities related to agricultural produce only. Construction of permanent residential structures on this land is not allowed. In addition, the land still belongs to Government and can take back the land any time and PAPs were aware of that prior to the project. 2.3.2.3 Wakf/Devoted Lands Wakf lands are a type of system for granting tenure of land use rights in accordance with the principles of Islamic commitment. Registered Wakf lands are managed by a special institution that issues documents to the beneficiaries of the Wakf. 2.3.2.4 Community Land This type of land use right ownership refers to lands that are managed and used by local people in the respective communities, especially in rural areas. These lands include family lands, lands set aside for special meetings, religious activities, cultural matters, cemeteries or agricultural activities including nomadic agriculture as well as those used for fishing activities ”(madiko)”. The intention of acquiring the land affected by the ZESTA RoW is that the land will be leased to ZECO by the RGoZ. The following are some of the current uses of the land that will be acquired: a) Human Settlement: A total of 157 dwelling structures will be affected by the project in all three Regions across five Districts. Much of the remaining land is used for agriculture. b) Graves and Graveyards: The Right of Way (RoW) will impact more than 500 graves within five Districts which was identified during the RAP surveys in different Shehias. The survey team encountered one graveyard of 0.686 acres located in Matemwe Kusini Shehia in North A District and two graveyards in Ubago on the land area already acquired by ZECO. c) Schools: The RoW traverse land used for agricultural production and sport recreation (football field) by Legeza Mwendo Secondary School in Mwera Shehia. d) Religious Institutions: Land and structures at Masjid Kubra and Madrasatu Hiliyatul- Abrary at Binguni Shehia will be impacted. e) Kibere Forest Reserve: Situated in the Tunguu and Cheju Shehias, a section of 8.986 acres is traversed by the RoW. The reserve consists of whisky pine, acacia, black wattles and other natural growing trees. f) Jozani Forest Reserve: The Jozani forest reserve consist of Mangrove trees about 3.56 acres situated at Pete Shehia. October 2023 14 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 3 LEGAL AND POLICY CONTEXT The Project is required to meet Zanzibar legislative requirements for land acquisition, compensation and resettlement as well as applicable World Bank ESSs. This Chapter sets out the legal, policy and institutional framework for the Project’s approach to land acquisition, compensation and resettlement adopted in the ZESTA RAP. It also compares Zanzibar regulatory requirements with relevant World Bank ESSs and proposes a way forward when gaps are identified. This approach was based on that outlined in the RPF. This chapter describes:  Relevant Zanzibar legislation, regulations and policy;  The World Bank Environmental and Social Standards; and  A gap analysis of national legislation and World Bank ESS and a way forward approach to address any gaps identified. 3.1 Laws relating to involuntary settlement in Zanzibar 3.1.1 The Constitution of Zanzibar The Constitution of Zanzibar under Article 17 has provisions for protection from deprivation of property. It provides that “no person shall be deprived of his property interest or right in that property, except and upon compliance with the following conditions”: a) That the acquisition and occupancy of the property is of utmost importance for defence and security of the people, health requirement, town planning and any other development in the public interest. b) That the need to acquire the property in question is absolutely important to the extent that legalizes its acquisition even if it be to the detriment of its owner. c) That there exists a law in respect of which acquisition or occupation of the property provides for fair and adequate compensation. ZESTA is a public interest project and therefore land is acquired for creation of a way leave for the electric transmission line. A law exists (The land Tenure Act No 12 of 1992 as amended from time to time) which enables property owners to be paid fair and adequate compensation so that they can be neither better off nor worse off as a result of land acquisition. 3.1.2 Zanzibar National Land Policy (2018) The aim of the Zanzibar national land policy is to promote and advance good governance of land through the adoption of transparency, accountability and participatory principles. Section 4.4(i) guides that the land of Zanzibar is the public property which is under the management by the President of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar. It directs further that people have a right only to use the land. On the other hand, section 4.4(iv) adds that the land of Zanzibar is to be used for the sustainable development of the social and economic aspects. Section 4.5.2 classify the types of land in Zanzibar which includes the public, three-acres, waqf and community land. October 2023 15 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 The preparation of this RAP report is in adherence to the directives of this policy. 3.1.3 Child Protection and Development Policy, 2001 The policy considers children as part of the most vulnerable individuals during project implementations. They are the ones who are affected by diseases, deaths, child labor, disability, ignorance, neglecting, food insecurity and the likes. The policy has articulated various protective and development strategies that will cater for hazardous natures. In compliance with this policy, RAP report has considered the child headed household PAPs as a potential vulnerable group which need special assistance and treatment. 3.1.4 Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95 The Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95 is the principal legislation guiding land acquisition in Zanzibar enacted under the colonial British rule. This decree is used together with the Land Tenure Act. Several of its provisions are found in the new land acts enacted from the late 1990s onwards. In general, the Land Tenure Act (12, 1992) does not cover all aspects of resettlement affecting people who are displaced from their old settlements, but certain sections in the act are still relevant to-date:  The Act--sections 4 to 10--stipulates and emphasizes prior notification. The Act directs the District Commissioner to serve public notices and notices in the government gazette of land likely to be acquired for any public purpose or company, and the government or company to serve notice to occupiers of any property, building, garden, etc., prior to entry for purpose of survey, marking boundaries, etc. Section 2 demands payment for damages done to standing crops, trees, fences or buildings during survey, marking boundaries etc.  Section 9 calls for compensation for acquired property by government or a company. Claims for compensation by all with interests in land should be made to the District Commissioner.  Instead, section 56 creates a relationship of government and holder of a right of occupancy being brought to an end through termination. As land ownership in Zanzibar vests solely on the President, people are given a right to use land and they are termed under the Land Tenure Act 1992 as a ‘holder’ and not owners. ZECO should serve a notice in the Government gazette to occupiers of the affected lands that their lands shall be acquired for ZESTA purposes and that ZECO shall pay compensation equal to the fair market value of the land and any unexhausted improvements shall thereon. 3.1.5 Land Tenure Act, No.12 of 1992; Amendment (2003); Amendment (2013). This is an Act to provide for land ownership, use and rights attached to land and matters connected or incidental thereto. It provides that easements in respect of right of way for the proposed electric transmission lines classified in the public interest may be imposed on any parcel of land and building by Order from the appropriate Minister where such action shall be necessary (sect.5(2). October 2023 16 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 Compensation for the above easements, shall be paid to the persons or communities concerned, the compensation shall be equal to the fair market value of the land and any improvements thereon (sect.5(3). This Act defines land to include land covered by water, all things growing on land, and buildings and other things permanently affixed to land, except trees when specifically classified and owned separately; and defines improvement to mean anything permanently attached to the land resulting from the expenditure of capital or labour by a holder of a right of occupancy or a lessee, or any person authorized to act on their behalf which increases the productive capacity, utility or amenity of the land ( Sect. 2). Regarding cases of doubt or dispute concerning the extent of the easements established under the above provisions they shall be decided by the recourse to the procedures available under the Land Adjudication Act and if the dispute is not resolved by the Land Tribunal. (Sect 6). This Act has instructions to Valuers that: 1. During the valuation exercise for compensation purposes where a dispute or disagreement relating to boundaries, right of use of land exist, it shall be referred to the Land Adjudication Act or the Land Tribunal. 2. The right to use land for cultivation is legally delegated to individuals thereby trees and crops are owned by them, but the everlasting land ownership right are remaining for the government. 3. That trees can be owned and held separately from a right of occupancy in land. The ownership interest in the trees shall be registered in the name of the owner of the interest and included as part of the registration of the land on which the trees are located. 4. The right to trees in the urban areas shall belong to the Municipality in question if the trees are ornamental and to the Ministry of Agriculture, or its successor ministry, if the trees are economic unless included as a registered right of occupancy. 3.1.6 The Land Tribunal Act, No. 7, 1994; Amendment (2008) Land Tribunal Act establishes the Land Tribunal to deal with all matters of land disputes in Zanzibar. The Act demands that the Tribunal preside over any land that is acquired and there is a dispute or disagreement relating to any of the eighteen matters listed, (a) to (r), in the Act. Such matters relevant to the ZESTA project include:  Action involving claims to a right of occupancy and/or possession in respect of any land  Demarcation of land which is connected to activities related to the subdivision of parcels and any matter for which demarcation or surveying must be carried out  The use, development and capacity of land  Land valuation and issues involving compensation of land  Removal from possession or eviction from land  All other matters relating to land October 2023 17 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 The Land Tribunal (Amendment) Act, No.1 of 2008, allows for appeals of the decisions of the Land Tribunal to be made to the High Court. 3.1.7 The Registered Land Act, 1989 This is an Act to provide for the registration of land and interest therein, for the regulation of dealings in land so registered, and for matters connected therewith. It was designed to avoid disputes on boundaries through having a land register and a map (registry) of land in question. The Act calls for establishment of a Land Registry in each “Land Registration District” showing all land parcels and leases, whether public or private land; particulars of the Occupant or Proprietor; and conditions and duties affecting his/her Right of Occupancy. The Act defines easement as a right attached to a parcel of land which allows the proprietor of the parcel either to use the land of another in a particular manner or to restrict its use to a particular extent but does not include a profit. The Act confers to the registered Proprietor of land exclusive rights of occupancy of that land, together with all rights and privileges. The rights are coupled with duties requiring the Proprietors of land to maintain in good order any fences, hedges, stone pillars, walls or other marks, which demarcate its boundaries. However, under regulations governing the land use for Investment of 2006, state that, the land adjacent to the sea–30 meters from the sea to sand foreshore, and 10 meter from the sea to the stone corals foreshores deemed public land and shall not be included in any parcel (public or private) land. This implies that, the boundaries of Rights of Way for the transmission lines along the established mangroves has to be merges with these two regulations on 15m of the 132kV RoW and the 10m of the mangrove forest buffers. a) Proprietors of land are required to maintain in good order any fences, hedges, stone pillars, walls or other marks, which demarcate its boundaries. b) The land adjacent to the sea–30 meters from the sea to sand foreshore, and 10 meter from the sea to the stone corals foreshores deemed public land and shall not be included in any parcel (public or private) land. c) The boundaries of Rights of Way for the transmission lines along the established mangroves has to merge with these two regulations on 15m of the 132kV RoW and the 10m of the mangrove forest buffers. 3.1.8 The Land Transfer Act, No. 8 of 1994; Amendment (2007) Permanent transfer or long-term (3 years and over) lease of land takes place in Zanzibar only with approval of the Land Transfer Board. The Act is designed to prevent transactions that may result in depriving landowners of sufficient resources to support themselves, their dependents and future generations. The Act also aims at preventing improper change of uses of the land in question. 3.1.9 The Land Allocations Regulations 2008. The Land Allocations Regulations 2008 states the means through which land is allocated and way in which land is certified. According to the Land Allocations Regulations 2008 (40.b), a right of occupancy holder is, in the event of his land being declared as abandoned, eligible for October 2023 18 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 fair compensation for the developments made on the land prior to the date of termination of rights to occupancy and the redistribution of the said portion. 3.1.10 The Land Survey Act No. 9 of 1990 The Act makes provisions for regulating and making of land surveys and for the registration and conduct of the Surveyors. Section 14(3) of the Act demands that Surveyors give reasonable notice to the owners or occupiers of the land prior to survey activities. Compensations: Part III, Section 15 directs payments of compensation to the owner of any crops or trees cut or damaged in the survey exercise. Also, Part 16(2) states that, compensation shall be payable for any damage done to any land by reason of the exercise of the powers contained in subsection (1) of this section i.e. survey activities, enter on and pass over any land whether private or public, causing as little inconvenience to the owner or occupier of such land as is necessary in the execution of his duties. Valuation procedures: The valuation exercise will be administered by a registered Valuer with the valuation inspection form obtained from the Department of Lands and Registration. The valuer normally uses the schedule of rates obtained from the Departments of Agriculture and Land. The Departments of Agriculture and Lands have schedules of rates for preparing estimates for compensation of acquired land and lost crops and trees respectively, while department of construction could provide costs for construction materials and labour, which the appointed Resettlement Service Providers could use to undertake assessment. When applied to calculation of replacement cost, rates current for the period of actual replacement must be used. Grievance Resolution: Section 15 states that, if any question arises as to the amount of compensation to be paid, or the right of a claimant to recover compensation, and they have failed to reach agreement (between the Director and all persons concerned); such question should be determined by a Magistrate on application made to him by the Director or any person authorized by him in that behalf, or by any person claiming to be entitled to compensation under the provisions of this section. Also, Section 16(3 and 4) of this Act clarifies that, “Where a surveyor is a Government employee, compensation shall be assessed in accordance with the provisions of section 15”; and “Where the surveyor is not a Government employee, any compensation payable shall be subject to agreement between the surveyor and the aggrieved party or parties”. Section 6 require that petitions on land disputes in relation to boundaries, right of use of land, dissatisfaction with compensation etc. to be taken to the Land Tribunal. However, under Section 6B it is an offence (and imposes penalties) for any person to destroy or misuse land by erecting structures or buildings, dumping, digging holes or changing uses of the land, giving out all or part of the grant to other persons contrary to the provisions of this Act. 3.1.11 Valuers Registration Act, 2015(Act No. 5 of 2015) This is an Act to make provisions for the Registration and Regulation of Valuers and for other Matters Related therewith. Section 36 (1) provides that an individual shall not carry on business as a practicing valuer unless he is a Registered Valuer. 36(2) says A Firm shall not carry on business of Valuation unless one of the office holder is a Registered Valuer. 36 (3) A October 2023 19 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 firm established out of Zanzibar can only conduct Valuation business by collaboration with a valuer who is Registered by the Board. However, Section 24 stipulates that where a person satisfies the board that: a) The person is not ordinarily resident in Zanzibar or in case of firm it has been established outside of Zanzibar; b) The person has been registered and qualify to undertake valuation business in the country of his residence; and c) The person intends to be present in Zanzibar and engage in practice as a valuer for the specific work for which he has been engaged. The board may direct that the person to be registered as temporary registered valuer for period not exceeding on year or for the period of the duration of the specific work which he has been engaged to do. Under section 40 (3) A person who practices Valuation without being registered under this Act, shall commit an offence and shall be liable to not less than one million Tanzanian Shillings or imprisonment not less than one year or both. 3.1.12 Zanzibar Environmental Management Act, 2015 The Act was established to address the environmental management priorities set in the Zanzibar Environmental Policy of 2013. This Act also establishes Environmental Advisory committee Section 7, and Zanzibar Environmental Management Authority (ZEMA) as a government agency for all environmental aspects (section 14). Amongst the other, the Act gives to every person the general obligations to protect environment as well as right and duty to a clean, safe and a healthy environment. Part IX, Section 39 states that “A person shall not carry out or cause to be carried out; any activity which is likely to have significant impact on the environment and society without Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Certificate issued by the Authority under this Act which shall be carried out before construction phase of any activity following all procedures as specified in this Act. The Act has set criteria for determining activities which require an Environmental Impact Assessment certificate i.e. all activities which;  Use major amounts of resources, either living or non-living; (b) result in the production of waste which would be in large quantity or hazardous nature;  Modify the environment on a large scale;  Influence population shifts in major ways;  Affect environmentally sensitive areas; or  Embody such other characteristics as may have prescribed under this act. In addition to that, the Act requires ESIA to be conducted by experts or firm whose qualifications are prescribed by Regulations made under this Act. This project will conform to all requirements of this Act taking into account the environmental, socio-economic issues, and resettlement initiatives identified along with requirements for compliance throughout the project’s life cycle. October 2023 20 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 3.1.13 Zanzibar Local Government Authority Act of 2014 The Act specifies on establishment of the Local Government Authority structures with their jurisdictional areas, powers and functions in order to promote self-governance and enhance the participation of people and communities in maintaining law and order; and promote democratic, transparent and accountability in a local government. It covers all matters related to the social, culture, economic, and environment within the defined boundaries of the local government authorities. In the context of environment, the Act has emphasized on the local powers prevent and control public nuisance and ensure sustainable management of land and natural resources. Section 26 (1) of the Act specifies general functions of the council which include maintenance of environmental sanitation, promotion of tourism and other investment opportunities available in their areas, control environmental pollution and prevent private nuisance. Others include supervising and ensuring measures to combat epidemic diseases; control extraction of stone, sand, wood, and other forms of natural resources, undertake afforestation and urban forestry initiatives, manage, and control and regulate the use of land as defined and allotted under the land use plan, and deal with cross cutting issues of HIV/AIDS, climate change, disaster management, and population issues. Section 63 (a) provides powers to an authorized officer of local government authority to enter any premise and check if the development has been approved with a permit. Sections 83 and 84 of the Act specify offence under nuisance and unauthorized land use, respectively. The project proponent should comply with all the requirements within the jurisdiction of the local government council in terms of land acquisition, necessary public works and permits, environmental clearance, prevention of public and private nuisance, and other activities that require certification and permits, etc. 3.1.14 ZECO Act no 3 of 2006 Gives power to ZECO to enter land to survey or to construct works. After giving reasonable notice to the owner or occupier, where practicable, the Corporation or any person authorized by the Corporation for that purpose may enter upon any land in order to survey land or in order to examine, maintain, alter or remove any works the property of the Corporation or to exercise the powers conferred by section 30 of this section. Every person acting in the exercise of the powers given by this section shall do as little damage as possible and where any damage is caused by reason of the exercise of such powers, the owner or occupier of the land shall be entitled to compensation in accordance with the provisions of this Act. 3.1.15 The guideline for compensation of crops and trees in Zanzibar (2023) The guideline provides the values of crops and trees for compensation purposes in Zanzibar. Both, seasonal and perennial crops and trees have been considered whereby the monetary value takes into account the different stages of development as follows: a) Class I - seedling stage b) Class II - maturity stage c) Class III - productive stage d) Class IV - aged / declined stage October 2023 21 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 The crops include cereals, leguminous, vegetables, citrus, mangos, roots and tubers fruits as well as spices and cash crops. The trees include fruit and wood trees, garden plants, wild fruits, medicinal trees and plants and forest trees. The valuation of crops and trees on the land earmarked for the development of 132kV TL and associated infrastructures under ZESTA project has adopted the classification and monetary values provided in this guideline. 3.2 The World Bank Environmental and Social Standards World Bank ESS5 on Land Acquisition, Restriction on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement recognizes that project-related land acquisition and restriction on land use can have adverse impacts on communities and persons. Involuntary resettlement under development projects, if unmitigated, can give rise to severe economic, social, and environmental risks. These risks may include; dismantling of production systems; loss of productive assets or income sources are lost thus impoverishment of people; and relocation of people to environments where their means of livelihoods are not accessible. Therefore, the guidance under ESS5 will be applied on resettlement is considered involuntary when affected persons or communities do not have the right to refuse land acquisition or restrictions on land use that result in displacement. The overall objectives of the ESS5 are:  To avoid involuntary resettlement or, when unavoidable, minimise involuntary resettlement by exploring project design alternative.  To avoid forced eviction.  To mitigate unavoidable social and economic impacts from land acquisition or restrictions on land use by (a) providing timely compensation for loss of assets at replacement and (b) assisting displaced person in their efforts to improve, or at least restore, their livelihoods and living standards, in real terms to pre-displacement level, or to level prevailing prior to the beginning of the project implementation, whichever is higher.  To improve living conditions of poor or vulnerable persons who are physical displaced, through provision of adequate housing, access to service and facilities and security to tenure.  To conceive and execute resettlement activities as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable displaced persons to benefit directly from the project, as the nature of the project may warrant.  To ensure that resettlement activities are planned and implemented with appropriate disclosure, of information, meaningful consultation, and the informed participation of those affected. This standard covers direct economic and social impacts that are caused by the involuntary taking of land resulting in relocation, loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets; or loss of income sources or means of livelihood. WB ESS5 requires that all projects screened for potential environmental and social impacts be supported/guided by an RPF where the exact sites are not known prior to project appraisal. The RPF identifies potential involuntary October 2023 22 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 resettlements under the planned project, impacts i.e. severe economic, social and environmental risks and based on these guides the preparation of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for affected persons. 3.2.1 Compensations and benefit for affected persons: Paragraph 12 of the standards (ESS5) require that, when land acquisition or restriction on land use cannot be avoided, the Borrower will offer affected person compensation at replacement cost, i and other assistance as may be necessary to help them improve or at least restore their standards of living or livelihoods, subject to the provision of paragraph 26 through 36 of the ESS5 concerning the physical displacement. 3.2.2 Physical and Economic displacement: ESS5 recognize that project related land acquisition and restriction on land use can have adverse impacts on communities and person, that may cause physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, or access to assets leading to loss of income sources or other means of livelihood) or both. The Borrower will develop a plan that covers, at a minimum the applicable requirements of the Bank standards regardless of the number of people affected. The plan will be designed to mitigate the negative impacts of both physical and economic displacement and as warranted to identify development opportunities. It will include a resettlement budget and implementation schedule and establish the entitlements of all categories of affected person. Particular attention will be paid to gender aspects and the needs of the poor and the vulnerable. The Borrower will document all transactions to acquire land rights, provision of compensation and other assistance associated with relocation activities. 3.3 The Gaps between Zanzibar Legislation and World Bank requirements A gap analysis has been undertaken in order to measure the difference between Zanzibar laws and the World Bank requirements, with special attention to legal rights to land, improvements made on it and other property and/or title and access to other basic resources; eligibility criteria and compensation packages etc. The results indicate that some aspects of Zanzibar laws and the World Bank Environmental and Social Standard 5 are not in full accord. The main difference between Zanzibar legislation and the WB policies is that under Zanzibar legislation the land is government property but the citizen and as well as investors are only given the land use permit. Section 56 creates a relationship of government and holder of a right of occupancy being brought to an end through termination. As land ownership in Zanzibar vests solely on the President, people are given a right to use land and they are termed under the Land Tenure Act 1992 as a ‘holder’ and not owners. As no law or provision of the law can be referred to specifically state that the Land Acquisition Decree Cap of 1909, has been repealed or amended, it is opined here that the law is still valid to put into practice. The existing Land Tenure Act 1992 is principal law which regulates acquisition of land and ancillary matters thereto including procedures for acquisition, termination and compensation. In case of compensation, the valuation is fairly done by determination of the improvement attached to the particular land in terms of structure, crops and trees. While the WB policy requires both compensation of affected assets, including land, and on the livelihood restoration October 2023 23 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 for PAPs. However, between the World Bank standards and local legislation recognise compensation procedures for loss of assets considering eligibility criteria and compensation packages. The World Bank Standards (ESS5) (Paragraphs. 10.1 category c) recognizes that affected persons who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land or assets they occupy or use are eligible for assistance under ESS5. They can also be persons occupying land in violation of applicable laws. Affected persons in these groups are not eligible for compensation for land, but are eligible for resettlement and livelihood assistance and compensation for assets. Detailed differences between World Bank policy and Zanzibar law are shown in the Table below. October 2023 24 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 Table 3-1: Differences between Zanzibar Laws and World Bank Requirements Regarding Land Acquisition and Resettlement Theme Zanzibar Laws WB (ESS) Requirements Evaluation for the gaps Recommendations to address the Gap Compensation The Zanzibar Land Tenure Act, No.12 of The overall objective of the WB While the WB Standards (ESS5) Ensure that resettlement issues Approach 1992; Amendment, Act No. 15 of 2003 Standards (ESS5) on involuntary objectives are not word for word are fully recognised and dealt with entrenches several rights such as (i) resettlement are to avoid written into the Zanzibar at the project planning and design Section 5(4) requires the Government to involuntary resettlement or, when legislatives related to land stages in order to avoid or pay compensation for the persons or unavoidable, minimize involuntary acquisition and tenure, the overall minimize displacement. communities concerned that is equal to resettlement by exploring project shared picture and objective is the the fair market value of land and any design alternatives; to avoid forced same when the enumerated rights improvements thereon. (ii) Zanzibar eviction; to mitigate unavoidable and jurisprudence thereon are Ensure that levels of land acts do not have legal provisions adverse social and economic seen against the objectives of the compensation, assistance and for grant of public land to the person impacts from land acquisition or WB Standards. benefits are in line with ESS5 entitled to compensation but consider restrictions on land use by: (a) notably replacement value prior to that land has value and should be taken providing timely compensation for displacement. into consideration affecting that interest. loss of assets at replacement cost; Under s. 5(4), the land tenure act is and (b) assisting displaced persons the legal instrument setting out the in their efforts to improve, or at least broad aspirations of the people and restore their livelihoods and living the government of Zanzibar in all standards in real terms, to pre--‐ aspects related to land acquisition. displacement levels or to levels Directs the developers to ensure prevailing prior to the beginning of person compensations to replace project implementation, whichever the impacted land. is higher; to improve living conditions of poor or vulnerable persons and who are physically and economically displaced. Eligibility for The Land related legislation and policy According to the WB Standards Eligibility for compensation under Ensure that all users of affected compensation objectives column above are reinforced ESS5 paragraph 12, when land the project can fall within the legal land (including unauthorised by Land Acquisition Decree Cap 95 acquisition or restrictions on land parameters for acquisition of land occupant or users, labourers or Section 2 that demands payment for use (whether permanent or and compensation under person affected by the loss of October 2023 25 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 Theme Zanzibar Laws WB (ESS) Requirements Evaluation for the gaps Recommendations to address the Gap damages done to standing crops, trees, temporary) cannot be avoided, the Zanzibar’s Law. Under ESS5 access to resources) are included fences or buildings during survey, Borrower will offer affected persons paragraph 12 – GN as affected parties in the census marking boundaries etc. It prohibits compensation at replacement cost, survey. Implement cut--‐off 12.2 describing that rates of discrimination of any person in any form. and other assistance as may be procedures based upon the date compensation for land, trees, and The legal rights themselves are necessary to help them improve or of the census survey. crops that have economic value therefore available to all persons at least restore their standards of should be equal to replacement affected by the project living or livelihoods, subject to the cost, either because compensation provisions of paragraphs 26 schedule under the local laws they through 36 of this ESS 5. do not reflect market values or are not updated on a regular basis. Where the Borrower uses such rates as the basis for assessing value, additional measures may be necessary to ensure that the compensation paid meets the requirements of replacement value as set out in ESS5 Support to The women and children’s right to full ESS5 calls for special attention for Zanzibari law makes special RAP should calculate and Vulnerable and equal protection by law and have vulnerable individuals in the case of recognition for women and allocate special assistance to be Groups including the right not to be discriminated against physical displacement. children. It is to be noted that the provided to vulnerable persons. poor on the basis of their gender or marital kind of recognition does not give The plan will be in place to mitigate ZESTA project will make status (on the part of women) or on higher rights than the standard the negative the negative impacts provision to support severely account of their circumstances of their rights to equality or to property. of displacement. The place will affected and vulnerable birth (on the part of children). Perhaps, the special emphasis in include the budget for individuals in accordance with ss. 23 and 24 of the Constitution compensation of the affected RAP recommendations reflects a history of the people of communities including vulnerable The Zanzibar Disability Policy (2004) on Zanzibar and needs to be properly individuals. Equalization of Opportunities for regarded in the management of the Persons with Disabilities is to promote project although it does not have to the rights of people with disabilities to October 2023 26 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 3 Theme Zanzibar Laws WB (ESS) Requirements Evaluation for the gaps Recommendations to address the Gap enable them play a full and participatory create rights which did not hitherto role in society. exist. All affected people are aware Grievance National legislation such as the Land By project effectiveness, a There is a GRM that has been Redress Tenure Act (1992), and Land Tribunal Grievance Redress Mechanism for design for the project that will of the established grievance Mechanism Act (1994), set out requirements and the project will be in place to address project related redress mechanism. Including authority for dispute resolution. These address specific concerns about compensation and will be in place the processes and procedures laws set out the dispute resolution compensation, relocation or by the project effectiveness. structure starting from the local level to livelihood restoration measures. of filing various types of the highest courts of law in Zanzibar. Where possible, a GRM will utilize grievances such as GBV, land existing formal or informal issues, etc. grievance mechanisms suitable for The community involvement and project purposes, supplemented as grievance mechanism requirement needed with project--‐specific criteria accord s.43 and s. 44(4) arrangements designed to resolve Constitution due processes. The Act disputes in an impartial manner. demands that the Tribunal preside over any land that is acquired and there is a dispute or disagreement relating to any of the matters listed the Act. Complaints are reviewed in compliance with the formal procedures (rules) established by the Administrative Code of ZECO. October 2023 27 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 4 CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE 4.1 Rationale Stakeholder consultation forms an integral part of the planning process and will also be central during the disclosure and implementation of the land acquisition and resettlement process. It offers chances for impacted and interested parties to provide feedback on the RAP process and may influence priorities, procedures, and results not only at the planning stage but also during the implementation stage. This chapter aims to highlight the critical consultation and community engagement activities and their outcomes concerning the land acquisition and mitigation of resettlement impacts. 4.2 Community consultation The community consultation was conducted through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and formal meetings with PAPs and other community members in each Shehia. Communication was done with Shehia leaders, and meetings were conducted at designated centres to encourage maximum participation of people within and around the project area. Shehia leaders made public announcements to inform the community and request participation in these meetings. The team also had informal meetings with District and Shehia leaders. The RAP stakeholder team was responsible for ensuring the participation of the community and leaders at every stage of the Project. 4.3 The objective of Public Participation and Consultation The main objectives of the consultation process for this RAP were to disseminate information about the Project, the RAP process and to get responses from the community regarding their issues, concerns and priorities, if any. The community consultation aimed to:  Disseminate complete information about the project and resettlement in community;  Inform people on RAP entitlements and compensation measures (as per RGoZ legislations and World Bank Standards) for inclusion in the RAP;  To ensure transparency in all project activities related to resettlement;  To understand the people's views concerning the Project's impacts, benefits and opportunities;  To identify and assess all major economic and sociological characteristics of the village to enable effective planning and implementation; and  To identify critical issues and concerns of the PAPs and community members. 4.4 Stakeholder Identification The identification of stakeholders for this project followed the procedure outlined in RPF. The RAP team identified the range of stakeholders directly or indirectly affected by the project. The October 2023 28 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 following criteria systematically guided the identification of the stakeholder groups and summarised in Table 4-1:  Groups or individuals on whom the project will depend in one way or other to operate.  Groups of people or individuals who are directly affected by the project;  Groups or individuals who will need immediate attention from the ZECO concerning social, environmental and RAP issues associated with the project;  Groups or individuals who can have an impact on the project concerning strategic planning and operational decision-making; and  Groups and individuals whose views can lead to a new understanding of the situation and identify opportunities for action that may not otherwise occur. Table 4-1: Identified RAP Stakeholders Stakeholder Organization Department/Representative Role in Resettlement Category Official/s National Ministry of  Commissioner for land,  Issuing the right of occupancy on land regulatory Land and  Chief Government Valuer oversees land use planning and issues bodies Housing  Department of Lands and related to compensation and Registration Resettlement.  Department of Survey and  Streamline Procedures for Land Urban Planning Acquisition, Valuation, Compensation and Allocation  Regularization of Informal Settlements.  Preparation of legal Framework for Land Valuation.  Approval of Market Research report  Approval of compensation schedule Districts Districts DC, DAS, DED, Council Responsible for welfare and development Administration councils Management Team (CMT), throughout the district District Development Committee and District Security Committee Local Wards  Ward Councilors Administration, community development, Administration  Ward Executive Officers social welfare, environment and land  Ward Extension Officers management on a Ward level in collaboration Ward Community with Sheha. Development Officers Shehias  Sheha Responsible for welfare and development at  Shehia Advisory Council the Shehia level. Specific roles include  Shehia Executive Officers  Implementation of all the Government (SEO) laws, orders, policies and directives for maintenance of law and order;  Coordination of public meetings.  Land development process/land delivery as witnesses  Resolution of land disputes  Initiation and mobilization of local development projects.  The control of immigration in his Shehia and keeping records thereof; Institutions School,  Teachers The project directly affects these institutions religious  Imams located in the footprint of the project area in institutions like  Bishops terms of economic and physical displacement  Institutions committees October 2023 29 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Stakeholder Organization Department/Representative Role in Resettlement Category Official/s Mosques, Churches Other land Tanzania  Head of the organisation/ The project directly impacts these institutions owners People Institution located in the footprint of the project area in Defence Force terms of economic and physical displacement (TPDF), Jeshi la kujenga Uchumu (JKU), Community All community All community members in the Responsible for providing inputs during Project members members in affected shehias. planning and resettlement process. the affected shehias. Individuals All PAPs Land and property owners in all The Project may directly impact community affected areas members located in the footprint of the Project area in terms of economic and physical displacement. 4.5 Engagement Processes for Vulnerable Groups A key element of supporting vulnerable groups is ensuring that they have access to engagement processes so that they:  Are provided with sufficient information about the project, including the potential impacts and opportunities relevant to them; and  Can respond and provide feedback to help shape processes and activities they are involved in. The Project aims to facilitate women’s access to information by providing additional opportunities to receive information and raise concerns / ask questions in what they consider to be a safe environment. Methods used to date have included:  Individual or small group women-only discussions to allow participants time and space to share their views; and  Intra-household meetings, including male and female household members. During RAP planning, specific focus was made to encourage the involvement of spouses (many of which are women):  During the community sensitization for the land surveys to inform landholders of their need to be present during the surveys they were informed to be accompanied by their spouses;  During land delineation, and the asset inventory and socio-economic household surveys, spouses were encouraged to be present as far as possible and, if necessary, surveys were delayed until the particular spouse was present; and  During the disclosure of compensation schedules, PAPs will be given individual and private access to their compensation schedules, entitlements, and amounts. PAPs signed an acknowledgment letter to confirm that they had seen their individual schedule. Spouses will be encouraged to be present during this disclosure and time October 2023 30 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 will be set to allow them to finish any activities they were busy with to give them the opportunity to attend. Care has been and will be taken to prevent division between male and female partners, to respect cultural sensitivities and not appear to support a view that men should not partake in livelihoods and family support activities. Going forward, appropriate methods to engage with women will continue to be utilized. In addition, PAPs will be informed that spouses should be present for the entitlement briefings and that Compensation Agreements will be structured to include a spousal consent form. Where appropriate, the Project will seek joint bank accounts for PAPs, to e nable spouses’ access to compensation. Spouses will have access to the LRP where their livelihoods have also been impacted. 4.6 The 1st Round of Stakeholder Consultation The 1st round of stakeholder consultation and engagement took place during the early stages of preparing RAP between June and August 2022. During the consultation meeting, the participants raised essential critical issues as follows:  Concerns were raised on the nature and mode of compensation. Most participants accepted the project but wanted the compensation payment to be fair and adequate by considering the value of the land because currently, land in Zanzibar is costly.  Participants raised issues concerning the creation of employment opportunities by the project for the affected Shehias and their people. Requested priority to be given to the youth on the affected Shehias.  Compensation is paid promptly. Details of the number and profile of participants is presented in Table 4-2. The data shows that 70.5% of the people who attended the sensitization meeting were men. Observation shows that most of the women who participated in the discussion own land in the project affected areas. However, men were requested to attend the meeting with their wives but didn’t do so with the claim that women were doing the house chores. Table 4-2: Details of stakeholders who attended the sensitization meetings during the 1st round of consultation. Date of the Number of Date of the Number of meeting attendees meeting attendees District Shehia District Shehia level Men Woman Level Men Women Hawaii 21.06.22 15 1 Michikichini 05.07.22 44 18 Mtofaani 22.06.22 10 28 West A 19.05.22 8 0 Mwembe Mchomeke 21.06.22 13 7 Mwera 20.06.22 54 15 Ubago 23.06.22 36 9 Kinyasini 31.05.22 8 2 October 2023 31 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Date of the Number of Date of the Number of meeting attendees meeting attendees District Shehia District Shehia level Men Woman Level Men Women Kikobweni 26.05.22 29 20 Chaani kubwa 27.05.22 17 6 Chaani mcheza shauri 27.05.22 27 10 North 17.05.22 9 1 Chaani masingini 25.05.22 31 3 ‘A’ Gamba 25.05.22 49 44 Chutama 24.05.22 44 33 Matemwe kusini 23.05.22 19 7 Pangeni 31.05.22 23 45 North Upenja 30.05.22 4 0 17.05.22 3 0 ‘B’ Kilombero 31.05.22 28 17 Dunga kiembeni a) 06.06.22 31 6 Dunga Kiembeni b) 02.06.22 16 3 Dunga bweni 02.06.22 14 2 Binguni 06.06.22 25 12 Tunguu 07.06.22 19 0 Cheju 22.06.22 38 11 Central 19.05.22 15 5 Bungi –Eneo la Jeshi 15.06.22 4 1 Kikungwi –Eneo la Jeshi Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 09.06.22 28 5 Pete 9.06.22 53 16 Bambi and Mpapa 01.06.22 25 12 Tunduni and Mchangani 01.06.22 32 1 Kitogani 10.06.22 22 04 Muungoni 11.06.22 36 13 Muyuni ‘A’ 13.06.22 10 2 Muyuni ‘B’ 13.06.22 13 0 South 18.05.22 8 0 Muyuni ‘C’ 13.06.22 31 12 Kibuteni 16.06.22 22 2 Nganani and Kijini 16.06.22 10 0 The issues raised and the response matrix has been presented in Table 4-3. The consultation team included the RAP Social Specialist and a representative from the ZECO. The language used for all stakeholder meetings was Swahili. The RAP team addressed all issues raised by people during the sensitization meetings. October 2023 32 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Table 4-3: PAPs' Views and concerns aired during consultative meetings S/N Concerns/Issues/Comments Issues Addressed 1 The project should pay compensation on time. Most PAPs were concerned Compensation will be paid as soon as possible once the valuation procedure has been about the project's timeframe after the valuation has been completed and completed according to the laws. when they would be paid. 2 What is the compensation for tenants with seasonal crops compared to the The owner of the land will be compensated for their permanent trees/ structure and the right landowners with permanent trees of use of the land, and the tenant will be compensated for their assets. 3 People requested that the project pay fair compensation, reflecting actual PAP was assured that all the rates used are under the laws. The project will be implemented market value. to adhere to the World Bank financing standard requirements and ensure that all rates used are reflecting the market value. 4 Some people wanted to know if the compensation would be paid for Both land and other unexhausted improvements on the land (like trees) will be paid development on land only (like trees) or even land. compensation. In that case, landholders will be required to provide supportive documents for their rights of occupancy (legally or customary) documents. 5 People wanted to know whether tenants would be entitled to compensation. Both Land occupier and Tenants will be entitled to be paid compensation based on the assets/properties ownership 6 People wanted to know whether orphan land would be entitled to In this case, compensation arrangements will depend on the size of the orphaned land and compensation legislation. But these will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis 7 Before construction activities start, will ZECO allow cutting the trees from Guidance will be given immediately after compensation is paid. affected land? 8 How do you ensure that we are going to be paid compensation? Compensation will be paid before construction activities begins. 9 You told us not to continue with agricultural activities in the Project allocated As per that concern, ZECO is Preparing a Resettlement Action Plan, which will restore the area. Don’t you see we are going to be poor? livelihood of the Project Affected Persons and mitigate any adverse impact. You are restricted not to continue developing the area because after cut-off date any asset developed will not be considered for compensation 10 For those using Village government land and don’t have the right of Land occupiers and Tenants with crops, trees or any unexhausted improvement/dwellings occupancy document, will they be paid compensation for the cultivated crops on affected land will be entitled to be paid compensation based on the assets/properties and trees? owned. 11 I have bare land without planting even a pawpaw. In that case, will the land As per Zanzibar land laws requirement, the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be be compensated? entitled to be paid compensation based on a fair market value of the land and any improvement thereon. Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation October 2023 33 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 S/N Concerns/Issues/Comments Issues Addressed 12 May I continue farming seasonal crops like cassava and paddy after the cut- You should bear in mind that any improvement or development made on the land will not off date? be entitled to compensation after the cut-off date. 13 If the Project has passed through the residential plot, will I be compensated As per Zanzibar land laws requirement, the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be for cash or in-kind compensation (land for land) entitled to be paid compensation based on a fair market value of the land and any improvement thereon. Cash compensation is preferable compared to in-kind compensation. But if it is necessary to provide kind compensation, terms and conditions must comply with World Bank requirements. Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation 14 When will the Project start? The Project was announced effective on 31. December 2022 and implementation of the project have started by conducting different studies such as RAP study, Valuation exercise etc 15 The Project has affected my plot while construction activities are taking place. No. Upon commencement of valuation, a person shall not be allowed to add or improve Could I continue with the construction activities? anything to the land that is why you are given the cut-off date. 16 After implementing the Project, may I return to my land and continue using For security purposes, it is not allowed to do any human activities under the high voltage the land for short-term crops like vegetables? transmission power line. 17 Advised ZECO and RAP Consultant to have the best plan for the ZECO has recognized it, and by now, the contractor is on-site collecting data to prepare Resettlement before acquiring land. the RAP. 18 Mango trees are inside the power line corridor, and the mango is ripened Yes, you will be allowed to harvest the fruits but not to cut the trees. before the project's establishment; will ZECO allow the harvest of the mangoes? 19 What are the impacts of the Project on the surrounding communities? Project impact may occur, including,  Total loss of land and its improvements /Dwellings  Aesthetics impacts  Culture impacts  Noise and Light impact during the construction phase Concerning that, ZECO did an Environmental Impact Assessment and came up with Mitigation measure to reduce and minimize any harmful effects. 20 What is the width of the corridor for the 132kv electricity infrastructure? The width is 30 m. The electric towers will be in the middle. 21 The structures that will be impacted will only be residential houses or even The plan is to avoid affecting the institution's infrastructure as much as possible. But if it Madrasa, and Schools will also be affected. does happen, ZECO will look the way forward. 22 She requested ZECO to provide education to the public regarding the health ZECO will keep on sensitizing the community about project activities and project impacts and environmental impact which may be associated with Project. October 2023 34 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 4 S/N Concerns/Issues/Comments Issues Addressed 23 Is Binguni Community going to benefit from this project by connecting it with There is a plan of connecting 80,000 households, so you may also apply for electricity electricity power? connection at ZECO office 24 In-kind compensation for the impacted house will be considered as the Yes, PAPs will be assessed based on the eligibility criteria. If it meets the eligibility criteria compensation option? for the in-kind compensation, it will be provided 25 After implementing the Project, may I continue with my activities under the No human activities are allowed under the power line for security purposes. power line? 26 Who will pay the compensation? ZECO will be responsible for paying compensation using RGoZ fund 27 What if the corridor passed my house halfway? Will it be compensated in full The valuer will take all the details of the house. And the situation will be assessed to decide or half? whether the house will require to be fully compensated or not. 28 The project shall not interfere with the areas designated for other activities The project aimed not to impact any institute, but if it happened will see the way forward like building a school, hospital, madrasa etc. after assessing the situation 29 Is the Project permanent or temporary? The Project is permanent October 2023 35 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 4.7 The 2nd Round of Stakeholder Consultation The 2nd round of stakeholder consultation came into consideration after development of the 1st draft report of RAP. The report informed further that the development of 132kV TL and associated substations and switching station would affect 1882 persons (PAPs) and 870 structures which include relocation of 257 families. The report noted that the most affected section was between the Shehia of Welezo and Ubago (approximated to be 10km long) with a compensation budget of approximately 23.6% of the total cost affecting an estimated 422 PAPs (appr. 22.40%) and 362 (appr. 41.6%) structures. Considering the scope of the proposed 132kV TL and associated infrastructures implemented under ZESTA project, and experience from other projects of similar nature and environment, it was concluded that the project was not viable socially (because it affected many people along with their assets) as well as economically and financially. As such, in November 2022, the RGoZ resolved to explore alternatives measures to minimize the negative impacts of the project. A number of alternatives were appraised in a view of minimizing the social impacts. As indicated in chapter two, the adoption of double circuit TL on one-leg tubular steel towers by utilizing the 15m existing wayleave corridor which is full owned by ZECO for a section between Welezo and Ubago was found to be the most viable option. Other measures which were considered include:  Identification of land owned by the government for exclusion from the compensation budget in compliance with Zanzibar policies, laws and regulations on land acquisition, valuation and compensation.  Measures to allow PAPs to harvest their seasonal crops before construction phase such that they are also excluded from the compensation budget. It is against the above narrated changes that the need for a 2nd round of stakeholder consultation and engagement emanated. The aim was to communicate the changes made by the government, the reasons and benefits which are expected from those changes. The 2nd round of stakeholder consultation therefore took place between March and July 2023 thereby involving the MoWEM, Ministry of Land, Chief Government Valuer, Zanzibar Commission for Land, Local Government Authorities (regions and districts), Shehias and PAPs in the Shehia affected by the project. The consultation was accomplished through formal meetings from which stakeholders views, opinions and concerns about the changes made by the government and other general concerns related to development of 132kV transmission line were gathered and addressed. Table 4-4 below provides the engagement dates for the different stakeholders who were involved whereas table 4-5 presents views, opinions and concerns expressed by PAPs and other stakeholders during the consultation sessions. Table 4-4: Categories, dates and name of the District/Shehia engaged. Category of stakeholder Date of Engagement Name of District / Shehia engaged District Commissioner 30th March 2023 West A District October 2023 36 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 District Commissioner 31st March 2023 Central District Local leaders and PAPs 3rd April 2023 Shehia of Mwera Local leaders and PAPs 4th April 2023 Shehia of Michikichini and Hawaii Local leaders and PAPs 5th April 2023 Shehia of Muembe Mchomeke and Mtofaani Local leaders and PAPs 6th April 2023 Shehia of Ubago District Commissioner 21st June 2023 South District District Commissioner 22nd June 2023 North B District Local leaders and PAPs 26th June 2023 Shehia of Dunga Kiembeni and Dunga Bweni Local leaders and PAPs 27th June 2023 Shehia of Bambi, Mpapa and Mchangani Local leaders and PAPs 28th June 2023 Shehia of Tunduni and Binguni Local leaders and PAPs 3rd July 2023 Shehia of Tunguu and Cheju Local leaders and PAPs 4th July 2023 Shehia of Unguja Ukuu Kaebona, Pete and Ubago Local leaders and PAPs 5th July 2023 Shehia of Matemwe Kusini, Gamba and Chutama Local leaders and PAPs 6th July 2023 Shehia of Chaani Masingini, Chaani Mcheza Shauri and Chaani Kubwa Local leaders and PAPs 7th July 2023 Shehia of Kikobweni and Kinyasini Local leaders and PAPs 8th July 2023 Shehia of Pangeni, Upenja and Kilombero Local leaders and PAPs 10th July 2023 Shehia of Kijini, Nganani, Kibuteni and Muyuni C Local leaders and PAPs 11th July 2023 Shehia of Muyuni A and Muyuni B Local leaders and PAPs 12th July 2023 Shehia of Muungoni and Kitogani October 2023 37 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Table 4-5: PAPs views and concerns raised during second round consultation meetings. Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder District  We appreciate your cooperation since we started this project.  RGoZ is now finalizing the updated Commissioner –  Local leaders have been asking me several time about compensation payment RAP report and valuation schedules West A District to the PAPs. and soon after finishing compensation  ZECO should make sure that the project is implemented in a successful manner will be paid by engaging qualified Consultant and Contractors  It is a good thing to inform the victims of the project regarding the changes and  All other comments noted because the government's goal is to reduce the impact and reduce costs, I believe they will fully understand and accept the changes.  When sharing the changes, I believe some of them will be happy because they don't want to move and there are those who were eagerly waiting to be paid. If they will be well sensitized, they will agree with you and take it positively District  Welcome and thank you very much for this information. We are ready to  Noted Commissioner – cooperate with you and make this project a success. Central District  Because you will arrange with Sheha, I believe you will succeed but make sure you contact us if you face any problem District  We are very grateful for sharing with us the steps of project implementation.  Noted Commissioner-  It is very important that citizens are regularly educated about the project and the South District changes that have taken place because they are very careful with the land.  This is a government project and all of us depend much on this project for the development of the Zanzibar islands so we will provide our cooperation as you need  Two of our officers will cooperate with you during the sensitization exercise to the affected persons District  We are very grateful for giving us information about this project and its updates.  Noted Commissioner –  Zanzibar depends much in this project, it is expected that once the project is North District completed, we will have new investors who will come to invest because the country will have reliable electricity.  As requested, there will be our officers who will work with you in this assignment October 2023 38 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Mwera 1. If the old line will be removed, will we not be affected for a long time? 1. ZECO will construct alternative line which will continue serving all people before removing the existing line 2. By using only 15m corridor instead of originally planned 30m corridor, will the 2. There is no evidence that living close new electric line not have more health related impacts due to radiations to to the high voltage power lines is people? harmful to people. Basically, radiations from electric lines are of low frequency which are considered to be less harmful 3. People were stopped from continuing with the construction and now the project 3. Noted, feedback will be provided after is not being implemented as before, how are we being helped because we have communicating with the RGoZ suffered losses? 4. Before the valuation, I bought galvanized steel for the roof of the house and I 4. Noted, feedback will be provided after was told not to make any further developments now that the project is no longer communicating with the RGoZ available, how can I be helped because I sold all the galvanized steel? 5. Will we be allowed to use the electric wayleave corridor to pass to or from our 5. Yes, you will be allowed homes? 6. Personally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank the government for this 6. Noted decision because we were not sleeping because of the fear of where we will go 7. After being told not to proceed with any further development, I kept many things 7. Soon after receiving any decision and some were damaged. from the Government 8. You said you will remove all the signs/mark you had placed on our houses, can 8. Yes, you can continue we continue with construction for those who were stopped? 9. ZECO should put beacons to mark their wayleave corridor to avoid encroachers 9. Noted in future. 10. I am very grateful to the government for bringing this feedback in relation to the 10. Noted project, I believe many affected people are happy because they were very afraid of what is going to happen after being resettled. 11. I congratulate all PAPs in the Shehia of Mwera for their cooperation to ZESTA project up to this stage. Because the project will continue to be implemented in 11. Noted October 2023 39 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Mwera, l request the entire community to continue collaborating well with project implementers so that this project is implemented successfully Hawaii 1. Are we allowed to build in the remaining areas? 1. Yes, if you are out of 15m which is 2. If you remove this current power line, where will we get electricity? currently owned by ZECO you are 3. If there are bananas or trees within 15 meters of the ZECO area, what will the allowed to build new houses. project do? 2. ZECO will construct alternative line which 4. Within the ZECO wayleave there are Zanzibar Water Authority (ZAWA) will continue serving all people before infrastructures, will you communicate with them in order to avoid demolition of removing the said current line those infrastructures? 3. ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning 5. Will our youth secure employment during the construction of the project? to conduct site verification in order to see 6. It is good if ZECO will inspect the wayleave corridor before handling the site to what is within the 15m wayleave corridor. the contractor After site verification answers will be 7. Can we continue with construction within our plots that are empty or have provided. foundations? 4. Yes, ZECO will communicate and liaise 8. Inside our shehia there are water wells and some are in the middle of the power with ZAWA on the matter line, what will happen? 5. Yes, as among the enhancement 9. If you remove this current power line, where will we get electricity? measures proposed in the ESIA report for 10. Are we allowed to construct houses in our land areas? the 132kV is to prioritize local people, 11. What if the project affects someone's house during construction phase? especially youth within the affected 12. If you are implementing a solar project, does it mean the current electricity will Shehia in the provision of semi and not be used? unskilled labor. 13. After completing the implementation of solar electricity, will there be a new 6. ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning registration for getting electricity to conduct site verification in order to 14. Will electricity costs decrease in price after implementing this project? inspect the 15m wayleave corridor. 15. Thank you for this information. After having these updates, should we continue 7. Yes, if it is out of the ZECO 15m wayleave farming or we should stop? corridor you can continue with 16. I suggest that signs be placed so that it is well known where the ZECO boundary construction. area of the power line is 8. ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning 17. I am very happy for this decision; I would like to thank ZECO and the to conduct site verification in order to see Government because I was very afraid of where I will live after being paid. I am what is within the 15m wayleave corridor. living here very peaceful with my neighbors. October 2023 40 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder 18. I am very grateful to the government and ZECO for seeing the importance of After site verification answers will be reducing the impacts of the project to these areas. provided. 19. I urge the citizens to respect the 15meters wayleave corridor owned by ZECO. 9. ZECO will construct alternative line which 20. As a community it is also our responsibility to protect and take care of this project will continue serving all people before 21. As advised by one of us, it is very important to set the boundaries of the area removing the said current line owned by ZECO 10. Yes, if it is out of the ZECO 15m wayleave corridor you are allowed 11. Contractors will be liable if they affect someone house during construction of the project. ZECO will make close follow up and make sure that the affected house is compensated accordingly. 12. The current electricity will still be used and you will not notice if you are using electricity from mainland or from solar plant Makunduchi 13. There will be no registration for the current customers who are using electricity. Registration will be made to new customers. 14. It is early to answer that because while the electric power demand is continually increasing, Zanzibar will still depend on electricity from Tanzania Mainland whereby the cost is already set. 15. If it is out of the ZECO 15m wayleave corridor you can continue with farming activities. 16. Well noted, ZECO will do verification and place beacons. 17. – 21 Noted October 2023 41 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Muembe 1. We thank the government for reducing the pressure and fear of the people. 1. Noted Mchomeke 2. Are we allowed to do farming activities within the ZECO wayleave corridor? 2. Due to safety reason and maintenance 3. Within ZECO wayleave corridor there are some crops, what will happen? issues, it is not allowed to use TL 4. Are we allowed to construct houses in the plots that were blocked from being wayleave corridor. developed? 3. ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning to conduct site verification in order to see what is within the 15m wayleave corridor. After site verification answers will be provided. 4. Yes, if it is out of the ZECO 15m wayleave corridor you are allowed Mtofaani 1. If our Shehia is not going to be affected, are we allowed to construct houses from 1. Yes, if it is out of the ZECO 15m wayleave today onwards? corridor you are allowed. 2. We will appreciate if we get information concerning these meetings as early as 2. Noted possible. Sometimes you can even call us using our phones. October 2023 42 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Ubago 1. Indeed, we are very happy and satisfied. We are also very grateful to the government 1. Noted for this decision. 2. ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning 2. In Ubago area some of the PAPs have been valuated within 30m and others 15m. to conduct site verification in order to see So, who will be affected and who will not be affected. who and what is within the 15m wayleave 3. During valuation exercise some of us were not given forms which indicates our corridor. After site verification answers will assets affected by the project be provided. 4. We ask the government to consider those who will no longer be affected by the 3. Communication will be made with RAP project by giving them something after being disturbed. consultant and those who will be out of the 5. There are some graves within the acquired wayleave corridor, what will happen? 15m wayleave corridor will be given their 6. I have come to represent my younger brother, but I don't know if his property is in forms because they will be needed and Mwera or Ubago. used during disclosure and compensation 7. During valuation exercise some of us were not given forms which indicates our payment. assets affected by the project 4. Noted, Feedback will be provided after communicating with the RGoZ 5. Because ZECO and RAP Consultant are planning for site verification, answer and guidance will be provided after observing if those graves are out of the required wayleave or within. 6. Sheha responded by saying his young brother property is within the Ubago Shehia 7. Communication will be made with RAP consultant and those who will be out of the 15m wayleave corridor will be given their forms because they will be needed and used during disclosure and compensation payment October 2023 43 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Dunga Kiembeni 1. We request that those who will not be paid for land be listed so that they do not come 1. Everyone will be paid as there is to the upcoming meetings. disturbance allowance and relocation 2. What will happen to those who have houses in the three acres land and the public assistance allowance. land? 2. As said earlier PAPs who owns houses 3. Within the wayleave there are other PAPs who have prepared the land ready for and other permanent developments will agricultural activities, are they allowed to continue utilizing the land? be paid for developments only and not 4. We understand that according to the laws, land belongs to the Government, but we land as land belongs to the Government. would like to be assisted because we depend on that land to sustain our life 3. At the moment PAPs are allowed to use 5. Some of us were not given the second valuation form land for season crops only and plant crops which will be ready to be harvested by December 4. The RGoZ is also concerned about the livelihood of PAPs who have been utilizing the government land and has considered to provide TZS 500,000/= as resettlement allowance. In addition, the government will prepare a program to support PAPs to restore their livelihood and that’s why we have asked about the support you would need to be included in the program. 5. During the disclosure all PAPs who did not get the forms will be given their forms Dunga Bweni 1. Are we allowed to cut crops like trees that have already been valued? 1. For seasonal crops PAPs are allowed to 2. If I had an orange tree and now it has dried up, does that mean I will not be harvest but for crops like trees it is advised compensated for the tree? to wait until compensation is paid 3. You have said that the three acres land and uwanda (public land) will not be 2. You will be paid because the valuation compensated. What if I had trees? has been done. 4. For those whose houses will be affected, will we be allowed to demolish our own 3. Trees will be paid compensation. houses. October 2023 44 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder 5. The project has affected the water well and it is being used, what will happen? 4. Clarification and guidance will be provided 6. PAPs have been waiting for a long time to be paid compensation, so we ask you to during the compensation payment. hurry up the process and pay them 5. Water wells will also be paid compensation. 6. Noted, currently we are finalizing the RAP and compensation schedules which will be submitted to the Government for release of money Bambi 1. I was not present during the valuation, so I have not received any form 1. Those who have not received valuation 2. We are glad to see you because we were hearing that the project is not there. forms will be given during disclosure. 3. Some of us depend on that land for agricultural activities and it is what brings us 2. The project is still on progress and soon income so we ask the Government to assist us on that after compensation payment construction 4. After these changes are we going to be paid compensation for perennial crops like will start. trees? 3. Noted, the Government have considered 5. We are asking the company to manage the payment of compensation and not the that and allocate 500,000 TZS for each government. PAP 6. Will we be allowed to cut down trees and move other properties in our areas after 4. Yes, perennial crops will be paid compensation? compensation. 7. We ask the project to consider giving our youth employment opportunities so that 5. Noted, ZECO will be the one to manage they can benefit and reduce the pain of not being paid land compensation. the process of compensation payment. 8. You have said there are graves being affected by the project, does that mean the 6. Guidance will be provided during graves will be moved? Personally, am not ready to move the grave compensation payment. 7. Well noted, employment opportunities will be provided as we expect that there will be opportunities for casual labourers. 8. We have seen that fear of relocating graves and it was agreed that graves will not be relocated and during construction contractors will be closely supervised to October 2023 45 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder make sure that there is no destruction in the graveyards. Mpapa 1. Will this compensation be paid at the market price? We recommend for market price 1. Noted, the compensation will be paid and perennial crops should also be paid basing on the market price. It is okay if land based on the current market rate. will not be paid compensation, but the Government should make sure that other 2. So far it is expected that compensation development within the land is paid. will be paid before December. 2. We would wish to know when you are going to pay us compensation. Kindly give us 3. ZECO will insert beacons before starting the timeline because we have waited for long time. It is good to start paying construction. compensation even by phases. 4. Yes, for those who owns land legally and 3. We will appreciate if this project puts boundary to the wayleave corridor for us to are well known by the land commissioner know where we can continue using land. will be paid compensation for land. 4. Some of us are owning land legally, are we going to be paid compensation? Mchangani 1. Are we going to be paid for perennial crops if land is not paid? 1. Yes, perennial crops will be paid. 2. After paying compensation who will be the owner of all asserts that were affected 2. The paid affected asserts will be owned by and paid compensation. the Government, but guidance will be 3. We will appreciate a lot if our youth will be given employment opportunities during given if PAPs will be allowed to remove construction. those asserts before construction. 3. Well noted, employment opportunities will be provided. Tunduni 1. I have not received any valuation form. 1. During disclosure forms will be provided to 2. What if I will not be satisfied with compensation payment all PAPs who have not received their 3. We will appreciate a lot if our youth will be given employment opportunities during forms. construction. 2. PAPs will be allowed to raise grievance and complaints through the GRM system that have been formed and complaints will be resolved immediately. 3. Well noted, employment opportunities will be provided. October 2023 46 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Binguni 1. After being paid compensation, are graveyards going to be used or we will be 1. Currently you are not allowed to use that supposed to stop burial services on those areas? land as burial sites because it is going to 2. There are PAPs who have documents which is showing the ownership of land, are be acquired for project. these PAPs going to be paid compensation for land? 2. In the three acres and public land 3. If I have a house in the three acres or public land, will I be paid compensation? (uwanda) the national land policy 4. We will appreciate a lot if our youth will be given employment opportunities during indicates that land is owned by the construction. Government but if there are PAPs who 5. For those who have dwelling houses, we will appreciate if ZECO will give us enough owns land before revolution, and they time to relocate. have ownership documents they will be 6. Compensation should be paid to all affected persons, our wish is not to have many entitled for land compensation. meetings for this project but to be paid compensation on time. 3. Yes, houses found within the three acres land or public land will be paid compensation. 4. Well noted, employment opportunities will be provided. 5. Notice will be provided, and PAPs will be given enough time to move. 6. Noted, ZECO and the Ministry are pushing the finalization of the RAP and compensation schedules in order to make sure that compensation is paid soonest. Tunguu 1. In these places called three acres and public land (uwanda) there are PAPs who 1. Houses that have been developed in the owns plots and they wanted to construct houses and others have constructed three acres or public land will be paid houses already, how is the Government going to treat those people? compensation, but land will not be paid 2. Some of us have not received our second forms, there were some mistakes in the because it belongs to the Government. area so they collected the forms in order to make corrections, but they have not 2. Those who have not received valuation returned our copies forms will be given during disclosure. 3. After construction will we be allowed to utilize the wayleave corridor for agricultural activities? October 2023 47 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder 4. We are advising the Government to review the law of land ownership because this 3. PAPs will not be allowed to continue is not fair. It is our wish to own land because we use money to buy plot even if it is cultivating annual crops inside the three acres or public land. transmission line corridor. 4. Noted, the Government will be informed about your advice. Cheju 1. Is banana tree a perennial crop or a season crop? Will it be paid compensation? 1. Banana tree is a perennial crop, and it will 2. If seasonal crops are not going to be paid compensation, is there a need for us who be paid compensation. owns only seasonal crops to come to these meetings? 2. It is good to come to the meetings until the 3. Are we allowed to continue using the land which is outside the project area? time for disclosure. 4. We agree that land belongs to the Government, but we have been using that land 3. Yes, the area which is out of 30m for agricultural activities how is the Government going to help us? wayleave corridor is yours and you are 5. There are PAPs who owns their own land apart from three acres and public land allowed to continue using it. (Uwanda). Are the going to be paid compensation? 4. The government have decided that each PAP who was using government land will be paid TZS 500,000/= each. 5. Yes, those PAPs who owns land officially will be paid compensation for land. Unguja Ukuu 1. Some of us have bought land in the three acres and public land, are we going to be 1. Three acres and public land are Kaebona paid compensation? government land, and no one is allowed to 2. When are we going to be paid compensation and when is construction going to start? sell that land. Only development will be 3. I have not received any form. paid compensation. 2. It is expected that construction will start on December or January and before construction compensation will already be paid. 3. Those who have not received valuation forms will be given during disclosure. October 2023 48 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Pete 1. We are not happy with this say “ardhi ni mali ya serikali” because someone might 1. The law states clearly that three acres and have bought a land using money and today, we are being told that land belongs to public land is owned by the government. the government. 2. No season crops will not be paid 2. Are you going to pay compensation for season crops? compensation because all crops have 3. Should we keep on having these valuation forms? been harvested. 3. Yes, valuation forms will be collected during compensation payment. Matemwe Kusini 1. Are you going to pay compensation for perennial crops including trees? 1. Yes, perennial crops will be paid 2. We are requesting ZECO to allow us to continue utilizing the land for cultivating crops compensation. (seasonal crops) 2. After being paid compensation, PAPs will 3. Some of us have cut our trees? Are we going to be paid or not? not be allowed to continue cultivating 4. We will appreciate if the government changes this law which states that land is annual crops inside the transmission line owned by the government only. corridor. 3. Compensation will be paid for those asserts that were valuated during valuation exercise 4. The process to review the land policy is ongoing Chutama 1. We have been using this land for a long time and today the government is saying 1. The government have decided that each land will not be paid compensation, this will make our life very hard PAP who was using government land will 2. Someone have cut my trees, am I going to be paid compensation? be paid TZS 500,000/= each and all 3. There are some PAPs who are still using the wayleave corridor for agricultural developments will also be paid activities. Are they going to be paid compensation if construction will start while their compensation crops are still on the land? 2. Compensation will be paid for those asserts that were valuated during valuation exercise. 3. PAPs are allowed to use the wayleave for season crops until December there after October 2023 49 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder the wayleave should be left empty ready for construction. Gamba 1. When is compensation going to be paid? 1. The Ministry and ZECO are now finalizing 2. Can you please explain more about the seasonal crops? the RAP and compensation schedules for 3. The government should consider us because we have been using this land for submission to the Ministry of Finance to getting income and today you are informed that land will not be paid. release the fund for compensation and we expect that compensation will be paid before December. 2. Seasonal crops will not be paid compensation because they have been harvested. 3. The government have decided that each PAP who was using government land will be paid TZS 500,000/= each and all developments will also be paid compensation Chaani Masingini 1. We agree that the land belongs to the government, we cannot object, and we accept 1. Noted the project. 2. The government have decided that each 2. We request the government to consider us because we depend on that land for PAP who was using government land will income which help us to pay school fees, buy food etc be paid TZS 500,000/= each and all 3. Is banana tree a perennial crop or seasonal crop? developments will also be paid 4. We advise ZECO to bring what is there as compensation, we should not wait for a compensation long time again and we should not entertain having a lot of meetings. PAPs need 3. Banana is a perennial crop and will be compensation paid compensation. 4. Noted, compensation will be paid before starting construction October 2023 50 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Chaani Kubwa 1. Currently there are PAPs who have grown season crops, if the project is starting 1. PAPs have been allowed to use the soon while they have not harvested their crops will they be paid compensation? wayleave corridor for seasonal crops until 2. We agree that land belongs to the government, but we are requesting the December there after they should stop government to consider us as our life will be difficult. because it is expected that the contractor 3. We will appreciate if our Shehia will be considered for employment opportunity. will sign contract on December ready to start construction. 2. The government have decided that each PAP who was using government land will be paid TZS 500,000/= each and all developments will also be paid compensation. But your request will be reported to the Ministry/Government 3. Noted, during construction there will be employment opportunities and PAPs will be given priority in securing job opportunities Chaani Mcheza 1. We have understood that compensation will not be paid for seasonal crops, but we 1. PAPs are allowed to use the wayleave for Shauri are requesting ZECO to allow us to utilize the land after construction. season crops until December there after 2. There are some PAPs who are still using the wayleave corridor for agricultural the wayleave should be left empty ready activities, is it allowed? for construction. 3. Are we going to secure employment opportunities because land is not going to be 2. PAPs are allowed to utilize the land now, paid compensation. but they should grow seasonal crops only 4. We are requesting the government to pay us fair compensation and they should make sure that all crops are harvested by December. 3. Yes, during construction there will be employment opportunities and PAPs will be given priority in securing job opportunities. October 2023 51 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder 4. Noted, the government will pay fair compensation Kikobweni & 1. If seasonal crops will not be paid compensation, is there a plan to take us to other 1. Currently there is no any plan but PAPs Kinyasini places where we can continue with agricultural activities? have been allowed to continue using the 2. How are we going to benefit from employment opportunities during construction? land until December 3. Are we going to be allowed to continue using the land in the wayleave corridor after 2. Yes, during construction there will be construction? It is our wish to cultivate seasonal crops like pad rice. employment opportunities and PAPs will be given priority in securing job opportunities. 3. PAPs will not be allowed to continue cultivating annual crops inside the transmission line corridor. Upenja & Pangeni 1. When are we going to be paid compensation? 1. The Ministry and ZECO are now finalizing 2. Is pad rice a seasonal crop or perennial crop? the RAP and compensation schedules for 3. Is banana tree a seasonal or perennial crop? submission to the Ministry of Finance to 4. We have seen in other project youth are given employment opportunity. How about release the fund for compensation and we this project? expect that compensation will be paid before December. 2. Pad rice is a seasonal crop. 3. Banana tree is a perennial crop. 4. Yes, during construction there will be employment opportunities and youth will be given priority in securing job opportunities October 2023 52 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder Kilombero 1. If one of my house is not affected as it is out of the wayleave corridor, will there be 1. If the house is out of the wayleave corridor no impact for me to stay near the project area? there is no impact. 2. Some of us have not received valuation forms. 2. Those who have not received valuation 3. We agree that land belongs to the government, but we are requesting the forms will be given during disclosure. government to consider us as our life will be difficult. Most of us are depending on 3. The government have decided that each agriculture activities for income. PAP who was using government land will 4. We are not rejecting development but we will appreciate if the government will be paid TZS 500,000/= each and all consider us for payment. developments will also be paid 5. We are tired of waiting, we kindly request ZECO to pay us compensation. compensation, 4. Your request will be reported to the Ministry/Government 5. The process to finalize RAP is ongoing and it is expected that once the report is approved by WB the disclosure will follow and there after compensation will be paid. Kijini & Nganani 1. After being paid compensation, will we be allowed to cut our trees? 1. Guidance will be paid during 2. Are we going to be given new forms which differentiate what will be paid and what compensation payment. will not be paid? 2. The RAP Consultant will provide 3. How are we going to benefit from employment opportunities during construction? It clarification during disclosure. is our recommendation that our youth are given opportunities to reduce the pains of 3. Yes, during construction there will be not being paid for land. employment opportunities and PAPs/youth will be given priority in securing job opportunities. Kibuteni 1. Some of us have cut our trees? Are we going to be paid or not? 1. Compensation will be paid for those 2. Does this mean that people will request for new electricity connection. asserts that were valuated during 3. When are you going to pay compensation? valuation exercise. 4. How are we going to benefit from employment opportunities during construction? It 2. No, the process will be the same. is our hope that if youth will be given opportunities that will reduce the pains of not 3. The Ministry and ZECO are now finalizing being paid for land. the RAP and compensation schedules for October 2023 53 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder submission to the Ministry of Finance to release the fund for compensation and we expect that compensation will be paid before December. 4. Yes, during construction there will be employment opportunities and PAPs/youth will be given priority in securing job opportunities. Muyuni C 1. Does it mean the wayleave corridor has been reduced to 10m? 1. Changes has been made for the part of 2. Basing on the changes made for the three acres land, public land and seasonal Welezo – Ubago whereby ZECO will crops, Is the Consultant going to conduct new valuation? utilize its existing 15m to construct new 3. We have been allowed to grow seasonal crops but by December all crops must be transmission line. In other Shehia 30m will harvested, does it mean that by that time compensation will already been paid? be acquired 4. When are you going to pay us compensation? 2. No, same valuation which was conducted 5. After being paid compensation, will we be allowed to cut our trees? will be used. Changes made are 6. Some of us have not received valuation forms. concerning government land which will not be paid compensation and seasonal crops which will not be paid compensation. Only those cost will be removed from the compensation schedules. 3. Yes, it is expected that compensation will be paid before December. 4. The Ministry and ZECO are now finalizing the RAP and compensation schedules for submission to the Ministry of Finance to release the fund for compensation and we expect that compensation will be paid before December. October 2023 54 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder 5. Guidance will be paid during compensation payment. 6. Those who have not received valuation forms will be given during disclosure. Muyuni B 1. The Ministry and ZECO are now finalizing 1. When are you going to pay us compensation? We are hungry we wish to get that the RAP and compensation schedules for money. submission to the Ministry of Finance to 2. Some of us have not received valuation forms. release the fund for compensation and we 3. Some of the PAPs have ownership document, are they going to be paid expect that compensation will be paid compensation for land? before December. 2. Those who have not received valuation forms will be given during disclosure. 3. Yes, those who have legal ownership will be paid compensation for land Muyuni A 1. We request the government to consider us and pay compensation as early as 1. Noted, compensation will be paid soon. possible because coming to attend these meetings we use money and for some of Currently the Ministry and ZECO are now us its expensive finalizing the RAP and compensation 2. In Muyuni area there are a lot of trees, is it possible to divert the wayleave to another schedules for submission to the Ministry area which do not have many trees? of Finance to release the fund for 3. We wish to be paid compensation, we have seen projects are implemented but when compensation and we expect that it comes to compensation PAPs are not paid on time and sometimes construction compensation will be paid before may start without being paid. December. 2. During route design that was also considered. Project has been designed by avoiding environmental and social impacts such as cutting many trees. 3. We want to assure you that construction will not start until all PAPs have been paid compensation. Currently the Ministry and October 2023 55 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder ZECO are now finalizing the RAP and compensation schedules for submission to the Ministry of Finance to release the fund for compensation and we expect that compensation will be paid before December. Muungoni 1. We are very happy to see you today because we have been heard that this project 1. Noted, guidance will be provided during is not there anymore. We kindly request to be paid cash compensation because disclosure. opening bank account may cost us much compared to what is going to be paid. 2. Yes, those who have legal ownership will 2. Some of the PAPs have ownership document, are they going to be paid be paid compensation for land. compensation for land? 3. Changes has been made for the part of 3. Does it mean the wayleave corridor has been reduced to 10m? Welezo – Ubago whereby ZECO will utilize its existing 15m to construct new transmission line. In other Shehia 30m will be acquired Kitogani 1. We agree that land belongs to the government. After construction of this project are 1. PAPs will not be allowed to continue you going to allow us to use wayleave corridor for agricultural activities? cultivating annual crops inside the 2. You have said the wayleave corridor has been reduced, does it mean in our Shehia transmission line corridor. we are allowed to use the remaining 15m? 2. Changes has been made for the part of 3. We are requesting the government to allow us to cultivate seasonal crops in the Welezo – Ubago whereby ZECO will wayleave after completing construction because we have been depending on that utilize its existing 15m to construct new land for income. transmission line. In other Shehia 30m 4. We will appreciate if compensation payment will be managed by ZECO and not the that have been valuated will be acquired government. for this project 5. During construction there will be employment opportunities, where are we supposed 3. Noted to go in order to secure that opportunity? 4. Noted 5. Contractors will advertise opportunities through your local leaders. So, October 2023 56 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Name of Comments/concerns raised Remarks/responses stakeholder communication will be between Contractors and Sheha West A District Commissioner opening a meeting with Project Affected Persons (PAPs) at Mwera. October 2023 57 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 ZECO General Manager responding to a question raised ZESTA Project Coordinator responding to a question by PAP during the meeting. raised by PAP during the meeting. ZESTA Project Manager responding to a question raised Social Specialist presenting changes made to the PAPs by PAP during the meeting. October 2023 58 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 4 Land Officer from Commission for Land responding to a question raised by PAP Environmental Specialist responding to a question raised by PAP during the meeting. October 2023 59 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5 4.8 Disclosure of the RAP During the disclosure of the RAP and compensation schedules, PAPs will be given individual and private access to their compensation schedules, entitlements, and amounts. PAPs signed an acknowledgment form to confirm that they had seen their individual schedule. Spouses will be encouraged to be present during this disclosure and will be given enough time for them to finish any activities they were busy with to have the opportunity to attend. Appropriate methods to engage with women will continue to be utilized. In addition, PAPs will be informed that spouses should be present for the entitlement briefings and that Compensation Agreements will be structured to include a spousal consent form. 4.9 Information disclosure during the Preparation Phase The ESS5 emphasizes the importance of sharing information about a project's effects. It mandates that a Project's RAP be made available to the public. The RAP's main ideas will be summarized and translated into Kiswahili for distribution to the Project's affected communities. A poster will be placed in prominent locations where local meetings are held (e.g. regional, district and Shehia offices). The RAP's revised entitlements framework will also be translated into Kiswahili in a more simplified form. Each district impacted by the Project will get a copy of the document. The full RAP report (in English) will be available on the ZECO and World Bank website. October 2023 60 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5 5 LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT PROCESS 5.1 Introduction This section describes the three-stage process summarized in Table 5-1 to complete land acquisition and resettlement: Table 5-1: Three-stage Process to Complete Land Acquisition and Resettlement Stage 1 Development of a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) Completion of Pre-Acquisition Activities also known as Resettlement Planning including:  RoW route selection; Stage 2  Detailed surveys and valuations;  VRs and compensation schedules;  Socio-economic and livelihood investigation activities;  RAP. Completion of Acquisition and Granting of Rights also known as Resettlement Stage 3 Implementation.  ZECO and MoWEM to undertake RAP implementation 5.2 Stage 1: Development of RPF To guide the various components in terms of principles, approach and implementation arrangements in the land acquisition process and ensure consistency in RAP an overarching RPF was developed. The RPF defines the overarching principles for land access, compensation and resettlement planning, and is the precursor to the detailed RAP components. 5.3 Stage 2: Completion of pre-acquisition activities 5.3.1 Power line Route Selection This has been explained in detail in section 2.1.2 of this report. 5.3.2 Detailed Surveys and Valuations The following activities were undertaken noting some were carried out in parallel:  Preparation and planning including:  Training; and  Team structure.  Execution of surveys and valuations including:  Sensitization (announcement of surveys, valuations and cut-off dates);  Land delineation and adjudication surveys that includes asset verification and inspection;  Asset valuation surveys; October 2023 61 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5  Socio-economic surveys; and  Disclosure of Compensation Schedules. 5.3.2.1 Preparation and Planning 5.3.2.1.1 Questionnaires and FAQs Preparation for the surveys included the development of customized survey questionnaires and forms (Appendix A) which were transferred to electronic tablets and used in the field to capture survey data. A story board and FAQs document were also developed to provide guidance to field teams in responding to stakeholder questions on the purpose, nature and survey process. 5.3.2.1.2 Training The survey teams underwent intensive two (2) days training in Dar es Salaam in May 2022. Training covered the topics described in Table 5-2 below. Table 5-2: Summary of Survey Team Training Topics Training Topic Sub-Topics - General protocols and procedures (e.g. grievance management, conduct, etc.); - Survey schedule; General. - Health and Safety; - Use of electronic tablet technology; and - Key messaging and storyboarding. Community - Content for presentation to authorities and PAPs; and Sensitization. - Procedures to announce cut-off date. - Land delineation methodology, quality control and data management procedures; - Identification and registration of PAPs including the roles of neighbours, local Land Delineation & government and leaders and numbering of assets; Adjudication. - Application of different types land user right criteria; and - PAP refusals or absenteeism. - Valuation methodology, quality control and data management procedures; - Valuation law; Asset Valuation - Asset Survey Forms and Asset Inspection Procedures; - PAP refusals and absenteeism; and - Validation of preliminary valuation schedules. - Survey methodology, quality control and data management procedures; and Socio-Economic - Socio-economic survey form. The survey plan, key messages shared with local-level stakeholders, and valuation approach, were presented and discussed with the RGoZ representatives, including the CGV stakeholders, on an ongoing basis, at the at the Kick off Meeting and other engagement meetings. 5.3.2.1.3 Team Structure Each survey team consisted of professionals and included the following resources:  Group leader; October 2023 62 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5  Coordinators;  Data management team leader;  Data management support;  Health and Safety officer;  Stakeholder engagement (community sensitization) team included: o Senior engagement resource; and o Engagement assistant.  Land delineation and adjudication group included: o Land Surveyor; and o Assistant land Surveyor.  Asset valuation group included: o Valuers;  Socio-economic group included: o Supervisor; and o Enumerators. Each team was accompanied by a member from CGV office and ZECO staff. 5.3.2.2 Establishment of Rates Under the provisions of The Land Decree Act of 1992 market research was undertaken in February 2022 in the three Regions. The research aimed at establishing current or up-to-date market values and replacement costs of compensable items. The prepared rates report was submitted to the CGV for endorsement and was approved. 5.3.2.3 Execution of Surveys The surveys were mostly conducted in the following order: Land delineation Asset Collecting socio- Disclosing of Sensitization. & adjudication. valuation economic detail. valuation surveys. schedules. Survey teams were accompanied by at least two (2) of the following local government officials: from the respective Shehia. 5.3.2.3.1 Sensitization This step involved:  Confirmation of survey plans and schedule with Regional, District and Shehia authorities via notification letters and meetings; October 2023 63 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5  Conducting community awareness meetings in PACs to explain the nature, purpose and timing of the planned surveys (See Figure 5-1 );  Announcing cut-off dates2 to local authorities and households;  PAPs3 were identified and arrangements made to enable them to be present during survey activities. Figure 5-1: Sensitization and Engagement meetings in different Shehias The timing of the above actions, for each Shehia, is set out in Table 5-3 below, which also includes key fieldwork and establishment of cut-off dates. Table 5-3: Sensitization and Cut-Off dates for Shehia’s in Three Regions Date of Sensitization Valuation Cut-off Region District Shehia Meetings Date Welezo 22.06.22 07.07.22 Hawaii 21.06.22 21.06.22 Michikichini 05.07.22 05.07.22 West Urban West ‘A’ Mtofaani 22.06.22 22.06.22 Mwembe Mchomeke 21.06.22 21.06.22 Mwera 20.06.22 20.06.22 Kinyasini 31.05.22 31.05.22 North North ‘A’ Unguja Kikobweni 26.05.22 26.05.22 2 The cut-off date in Zanzibar and RPF coincides with the start of the asset valuation process (which includes community sensitization). The cut-off date and its implications were communicated to affected households and local authorities. 3 PAPs include owners and / or users of affected land, houses, economic trees, other improvements on land, crops and other assets. October 2023 64 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5 Date of Sensitization Valuation Cut-off Region District Shehia Meetings Date Chaani Kubwa 27.05.22 27.05.22 Chaani Mcheza shauri 27.05.22 27.05.22 Chaani Masingini 25.05.22 25.05.22 Gamba 25.05.22 25.05.22 Chutama 24.05.22 24.05.22 Matemwe Kusini 23.05.22 23.05.22 Kilombero 31.05.22 31.05.22 North ‘B’ Pangeni 31.05.22 31.05.22 Upenja 30.05.22 30.05.22 Ubago 23.06.22 23.06.22 Dunga Kiembeni 02 and 06.06.22 02 and 06.06.22 Dunga Bweni 02.06.22 02.06.22 Binguni 06.06.22 06.06.22 Tunguu 07.06.22 07.06.22 Cheju 22.06.22 22.06.22 Bungi 15.06.22 15.06.22 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 09.06.22 09.06.22 Central Pete 9.06.22 9.06.22 Bambi 01.06.22 01.06.22 South 01.06.22 01.06.22 Mpapa Unguja Tunduni 01.06.22 01.06.22 Mchangani 01.06.22 01.06.22 Kitogani 10.06.22 10.06.22 Muungoni 11.06.22 11.06.22 Muyuni ‘A’ 13.06.22 13.06.22 Muyuni ‘B’ 13.06.22 13.06.22 Muyuni ‘C’ 13.06.22 13.06.22 South Kibuteni 16.06.22 16.06.22 Nganani 16.06.22 16.06.22 Kijini 16.06.22 16.06.22 5.3.2.4 Land Delineation and Adjudication Surveys This involved:  Adjudication of land parcels; October 2023 65 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5  Recording the boundaries of affected land parcels as well as data on land users - in most cases this included the participation of neighbours to confirm their respective boundaries;  Collecting data on each PAP and assigning a unique valuation number;  Taking a photograph of each PAP where possible;  In cases where land parcels partially overlapped with the Project footprint, information was collected to identify orphaned land4 that will have to be acquired; and  Issuance of a Survey form signed by the Shehia for the particular Shehia. The Land Delineation and Adjudication Survey groups were accompanied by officials from the Shehia and ZECO as well as neighbours in order to confirm boundaries. Figure 5-2: Land Delineation and Adjudication Surveys in various Shehia 5.3.2.4.1 Asset Valuation Surveys The asset valuation surveys were undertaken by valuers and included the following:  Recording information on affected buildings and structures, businesses, land parcels, crops, economic trees and graves;  Compiling an asset inventory for each PAP or tenant5 where relevant;  Recording geographical coordinates of each asset, except trees, crops and land;  Photographing buildings and other structures (see Figure 5-3);  Completing sign-off of each complete asset inventory by the registered valuer, PAP and local authority representative;  Issuing tally card and Valuation Form to each PAP; and 4 Orphaned land is unaffected land that, due to its size, shape, access and / or economic value, is no longer enough for its former use. 5 Where a PAP owned or used assets (e.g. growing crops and trees) without accompanying land user rights (e.g. Granted Right to user right) a separate ‘Tenant’ asset survey was completed. October 2023 66 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5  Recording communal assets (e.g. wells, places of worship, markets, etc.) and collecting sign off from the relevant Shehia authorities. Asset valuation teams were accompanied by at least two (2) of the local Shehia leader and ZECO Representative. Figure 5-3: Examples of Valuation numbers placed on dwellings and structures as part of the survey process. 5.3.2.4.2 Socio-economic Surveys These surveys involved the collection of demographic and socio-economic information6 about PAHs, including all PAPs, through interviews with an adult household member. 5.3.3 Valuation Reports and Compensation Schedules This section describes the following: 5.3.3.1 Compilation of Valuation Reports Following the completion of the valuation, survey and socio-economic data a VR has been prepared for submission to the CGV. The final VR and Compensation Schedules addressed the following:  Zanzibar Entitlement items which are in accordance with the national legislative acquisition procedure, presented as cash compensation, and submitted for approval by the CGV; and  Additional Entitlements for items under ESS5 items required to ensure that the PAP compensation satisfies additional ESS5 obligations. These items are appended to the compensation schedules and have been made known to the CGV but are not signed off by the CGV, to avoid creating a precedent for future Government-led projects. Some of the additional entitlements take the form of livelihood restoration. These aspects are outlined in detail in Chapter 7 of this RAP. 6 The socio-economic survey data has been used to assist in the identification of livelihood restoration options. It also forms the baseline against which monitoring of livelihood re-establishment will be done during the RAP implementation period. October 2023 67 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5 5.3.3.2 Disclosure of Compensation Schedules Once a VR and Compensation Schedules are prepared and approved disclosure of the Compensation Schedules will be carried out in accordance with transparency requirements. Disclosure of entitlement and agreed rates will be done before CGV signature. After disclosure the Consultant will incorporate all issues and concern raised by PAPs such as errors identification or measurement of affected property, disagreement and change of ownership etc and thereafter the valuation report and compensation schedules will be signed and approved by the CGV ready for payment. The particular practice will entail the following names of project affected persons, valuation identity number and photograph, compensable items, amount, allowances and the same shall be available for inspection by all PAPs for a period indicated for disclosure. Grievances lodged by PAPs during the disclosure process will be registered according to grievance procedure explained in Chapter 10. 5.3.3.3 Sign-off, Submission and Verification of Valuation Reports Once preparation of the VR and Compensation Schedule has been concluded (including addressing all necessary changes e.g. responses to PAP grievances and / or concerns), the Final Compensation Schedule will be endorsed in the following sequence: 1. Field valuer; 2. Valuer in-charge; 3. Shehia leader; and 4. District Commissioner. The endorsed VR and Compensation Schedule are submitted to the CGV for approval. Each VR will be supported with the following:  A transmittal letter;  Valuation submission form;  Exchequer receipt for the valuation approval fee; and After approval of the VR and Compensation Schedule by the CGV, compensation will be submitted to the paying authority for Implementation. 5.3.4 Conversion to Easement under ZECO and Relocation Land for the Project will be acquired on the basis that it is for the public interest. The majority of land acquired for the Project will be converted into Easement managed by the ZECO. At the time requested by the Project, the RGoZ in coordination with the Project shall issue (publish in the Gazette and serve, as required by Revolutionary Government Law) the Notice of Intention to Acquire to PAPs identified by the Project. It is envisaged this would occur generally after approval of the VRs by the CGV and prior to the meetings with the PAPs and affected communities regarding compensation agreements. October 2023 68 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission and Associated Substations Chapter 5 Entitlement briefings will be conducted at Shehia level and will involve presenting entitlements to PAPs (including the PAP and spouse where appropriate) and discussing entitlement options with them. PAPs will be given the opportunity to make informed decisions regarding the compensation and livelihood restoration options they select. Detailed information on livelihood options is given in Chapter 9. October 2023 69 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 6 SUMMARY OF AFFECTED PEOPLE AND ASSETS 6.1 Introduction This chapter presents information on the PAPs and assets that the project will physically and economically displace. The baseline information was derived from Regional and District socio- economic profiles and the analysis of the RAP socio-economic survey. The study establishes the current status of the project area and will be used as a benchmark for measuring project progress and success at all stages of the project cycle. The overview of Project Affected Regions and Districts has been described in Chapter 2. 6.2 General Background of the area 6.2.1 Demographic and Socio-economic Profile According to the National census of 2022, the summary of the population per affected District is shown in Table 6-1. Table 6-1: Summary of Household Characteristics per Project-affected District Sex Ratio Households District Population Male Female occupancy (M to F) rate West A 329,645 158,500 171,145 93 5.1 Central 132,717 66,569 66,148 101 4.3 North A 157,369 77,164 80,205 96 4.7 North B 99,921 49,177 50,744 97 4.6 South 63,156 31,798 31,358 101 3.8 6.2.2 Project Affected Persons (PAPs) The total land to be acquired for the project is 653.271 acres belonging to 1,357 PAHs (families) and 29 institutions with a total of 1,510 Project Affected Persons (PAPs). The baseline socio data analysis is based on 1,357-respondent households. 1,734 valuations were undertaken. The socio-economic survey was undertaken with 1,357 households which covers 1,591 of the valuations. The remaining 143 valuations include 59 belonging to 29 institutions and 84 individual PAPs who are classified as absent or unknown. 6.2.3 Household Characteristics The average household size is 6-11 members, with some households having family units of more than 17 members. The average family within the project-affected households has 5 - 7 children living with them. It is important to note that the presented numbers do not account for children who may have left the household to start their own families or seek employment October 2023 70 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 outside the Shehia. These findings highlight that the PAPs impacted by the project are predominantly large families. Further details on household characteristics and family size across the affected Shehia are provided in Table 6-2 and Figure 6-1, respectively. Table 6-2: Summary of Project Affected Households per Shehia Number of Number of Average District Shehia Household Head (%) PAPs PAHs Size of PAH M F Welezo 2 1 1 Hawaii 18 13 6.7 11 2 Michikichini 39 30 6.3 26 4 West ‘A’ Mtofaani 11 5 4.6 5 Mwembe 13 11 5 10 1 Mchomeke Mwera 49 45 5.3 35 10 Subtotal 132 105 5.58 88 17 Kinyasini 4 2 8 2 0 Kikobweni 2 1 8.7 1 0 Chaani 12 15 7.3 13 2 Kubwa Chaani Mcheza 21 21 6.6 21 North ‘A’ shauri Chaani 22 23 7.1 22 1 Masingini Gamba 47 47 5.98 43 4 Chutama 22 18 6.4 18 Matemwe 128 115 7.1 103 12 Kusini Subtotal 258 242 7.15 223 19 Kilombero 52 50 6.3 39 11 North ‘B’ Pangeni 17 15 7.1 11 4 Upena 2 Subtotal 71 65 6.7 50 15 Kidimni 1 1 5.2 1 Bungi Kikungwi Ubago 46 30 1 27 3 Dunga 118 110 6.2 99 11 Kiembeni Central Dunga Bweni 65 62 5.9 56 6 Binguni 78 64 5.5 59 5 Tunguu 152 139 4.3 117 22 Cheju 33 30 5.5 23 7 Unguja Ukuu 71 63 5.2 57 6 Kaebona October 2023 71 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Number of Number of Average District Shehia Household Head (%) PAPs PAHs Size of PAH M F Pete 77 70 6.9 64 6 Bambi 103 96 4.9 89 7 Mpapa 19 18 8 13 5 Tunduni 15 16 6 15 1 Mchangani 27 26 5.4 25 1 Subtotal 805 725 5.4 645 80 Kitogani 55 49 6.2 42 7 Muungoni 28 24 4.2 22 2 Muyuni ‘A’ 43 39 5.7 33 6 Muyuni ‘B’ 34 33 5.7 31 2 South Muyuni ‘C’ 33 30 5.6 27 3 Kibuteni 36 32 3.8 30 2 Nganani 13 11 3 10 1 Kijini 2 2 6.5 2 0 Subtotal 244 220 5.1 197 23 Total 1510 1357 5.99 1203 154 Figure 6-1: Family Size Among the Project Affected Households. 6.2.4 Gender The gender ratio among the surveyed household shows that there are 1,203 (88.7%) male- headed households and 154 (11.3%) female headed households among the affected population. This data indicates that the majority of households in the affected community are headed by men. However, it is important to note that within these households, wives hold a more dominant position in matters related to their children, household chores, and overall well- being. Among the female- headed household, there are various categories including widows, October 2023 72 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 single mothers and those who have been divorced by their husbands. The data reveals that the divorce rate is minimal accounting for only 5% of the households and in such cases, the children typically remain with their mothers. Additionally, there is 5% widow rate. These household require special attention and care during the process of compensation and livelihood restoration. Figure 6-2 describe marital status of the female in all households. 5.31% 0.29% 4.42% 5.90% 0.07% choose not to answer Divorced Living together 84.01% Married Single Widowed Figure 6-2: Marital Status of the Females in the Affected Households. 6.2.5 Ethnic Groups The socio-economic data collected reveal the presence of several ethnic groups in the Shehias, such as Tumbatu, Unguja, Pemba, Hadimu and other ethnic groups from Tanzania such as Nyamwezi and others from Zanzibar, such as Makunduchi. Tumbatu is the leading ethnic group in Unguja. It consists of about 59.54% of all PAPs affected by the RoW, followed by Unguja (18.4%), Hadimu (5.3%), Bantu from Tanzania bara (9.0%) and others from Zanzibar (6.9%) this includes Makonde, Nyamwezi, Makua and Zaramo. The smallest ethnic group is Pemba (0.82%). All these ethnic groups in Unguja Island coexist and share resources peacefully. None of the ethnic groups are regarded as indigenous peoples under ESS7 were recorded during the socio-economic survey. 6.2.6 Religion The majority 1,332 (98.2%) of the affected households are Muslims, followed by Christians constituting 21 (1.5%), while 4 (0.3%) are other religions. October 2023 73 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Religion Group 1.55% 0.3% Islam Christian Other 98.16% Figure 6-3: Religion 6.2.7 Education Level of Household Head The majority of the household heads in the project area have primary education 557 (41%), followed by 377 (27.8%) with secondary education and 117 (8.6%) with higher education levels including diploma and/or degree. A total of 306 (22.5%) are not educated. Within the group of household heads who lack education, the survey findings reveal that 15.7% (273 individuals) do not possess basic reading and writing skills. The main challenge noted for education was that of raising money to send children to school. Less frequently cited challenges were children not having an interest in attending school. It was noted that transport was not a constraint for children to attend school, as more than 70% of households are within 5km from the school and public transport is available. This highlights a significant portion of the PAPs may face challenges in accessing and understanding written information related to the resettlement process. To overcome this a good communication strategy is required which includes using visual aids, verbal communication and regular community engagement activities to ensure effective understanding of the resettlement process. Table 6-3: Education Level of Household Head District West A North A North B Central South High level Education 11 4 4 85 13 Secondary Education 35 31 9 237 65 Primary Education 48 85 22 291 111 Illiterate 11 129 26 111 29 October 2023 74 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 6.2.8 Land Use and Tenure According to the Zanzibar sample census of Agriculture 2019/20, 180,220 (51.8%) households are involved in agriculture activities. Of these, 115,762 (64.2%) households were involved in crop farming, followed by 62,310 households (34.6%) engaged in crop farming and livestock keeping. In most project affected areas, the common land use is categorized as residential/commercial and agriculture though to a large extent is a mixture of both. Agricultural land is used predominantly for annual mono-crops, permanent mono-crops, and permanent mixed crops. A sizable portion of the land throughout the five Districts is considered suitable for crop growing. The common land use within the project slightly differs from one District to the other. West, A large portion of land, is used for residential and commercial urban farming, while North A, North B, Central and South district land is used mainly for agriculture and residential. The land tenure in Zanzibar has been characterised into four main categories i) Public land; ii) Three acres of land; iii) Waqf/Devoted Land; and iv) Community Land. More details on the land tenure have been explained in Chapter 2. Table 6-4 indicate the percentage of affected land use in each District. Table 6-4: Percentage of land use in all Districts that are affected by the TL District Residential Agriculture Central 19% 81% North A 2% 98% North B 24% 76% South 5% 95% 6.2.9 Occupational Profile of Project-Affected Households The occupational profile of the affected households are depicted in Figure 6-4. Approximately 779 (57.4%,) are engaged in agricultural and agricultural allied activities. A total of 297 (21.9%) are involved in business (small and medium scale business), followed by 204 (15%) employed in either public and private sectors, 12 (0.9%) undertaken livestock keeping, 32 (2.4%) involved in daily wages, 11 (0.8%) are not working and 22 (1.6%) involved in other activities like renting houses. The findings from the survey conducted shows majority of the surveyed households are engaged in agriculture and agricultural allied activities, highlighting the significance of agriculture as a primary source of livelihood. Additionally, a considerable number of PAPs are involved in small and medium scale businesses, contributing to the local economy and generating employment opportunities. Employment in the public and private sectors is also observed among the surveyed households. Other occupations such as livestock keeping, daily wage labor, and house renting are represented to a lesser extent. The data emphasizes the October 2023 75 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 importance of considering the diverse occupational backgrounds of the affected households when planning and implementing livelihood restoration measures. 0.81% 1.62%2.36% Day labour Farming 21.89% Livestock keeping Salary Bussines 15.03% 57.41% Not working 0.88% Old household Figure 6-4: Occupation of Household Head 6.2.10 Livelihood Activities The livelihood activities in the five affected Districts have been presented in Table 6-4. The data shows that PAHs have identified sales of crops as their primary livelihood activity followed by salaried employment and other livelihood activities (such as hunting, traditional healers, mechanics, and mason). A total of 19 respondent refused to disclose the source of their primary livelihood. The community within the project predominantly have land-based livelihoods. For small trading/business majority are doing veranda petty business whereby foodstuffs are the most sold items. For urban agriculture most are growing vegetables, banana trees and coconut trees. During FGD it was identified that the crops cultivated for food are cassava, rice, cocoyam, banana, peas, eggplant and tomato while the cash crops are fruits (orange, tangerine, fennel and pineapple), ladies finger, coconut and vegetables. Table 6-5: Summary of Livelihood Activities per District Other Sales Sales of Salaried Small Wholesaler Other District Fishing self- of livestock employment Business rental shop Livelihood employed crops products West A 2 19 46 10 1 11 6 13 Central 2 19 232 350 17 21 16 76 North A 32 2 15 160 5 3 7 20 North B 2 0 10 45 1 1 1 7 South 3 9 43 130 1 3 4 12 October 2023 76 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Production losses related to planting and harvesting for both food and cash crops were discussed during FGD’s. Availability of rainfall, lack of funding for fertilizer, crop losses from pests and diseases, poor agricultural practices, market price of crops and weeds were all mentioned as contributing issues. People in the majority of Shehias mentioned the difficulty of accessing market places during the rainy season and the lack of market access as added difficulties. Additionally, erratic weather patterns, effect the planting, and seasons for harvesting. The planting and harvesting months for the main crops are guided by the Masika and Vuli rains. 6.2.10.1 Livestock Keeping In terms of livestock keeping as a means of livelihood, PAPs depend on sale of livestock product and livestock. Poultry, cows and goats are the main livestock being kept. The main challenge faced are disease and theft of livestock. The grazing area will be reduced especially during construction phase and this will affect the sustainability of the livestock and reduce the by-product produced by the livestock. 6.2.11 Household Income and expenditure 1,351 (99.5%) of surveyed household in the project area reported having a cash income. As shown in Figure 6-5, 482(35.5%) have an average monthly income between TZS 210,000 and TZS 400,000; while 97(7.1%) have a low monthly income between TZS 10,000 - TZS 200,000; 395 (29.1%) have income between TZS 410,000 -TZS 600,000; 153(11.3%) have income between 610,000 - 800,000; 84(6.2%) have income between 810,000 - 1,000,000 and 140 (10.3%) have high income more than TZS. 1,000,000. A total of 6 (0.4%) project affected persons refused to reveal their monthly income with the reasons not revealed to the project. Key findings indicate that most households have cash income, with a significant proportion falling within the low to medium income range. Household expenditure is primarily focused on essential needs such as food, water, energy, healthcare, education, and transportation. The data highlights the need for tailored livelihood restoration measures that address the diverse income levels among the affected households. Affordability considerations should be considered when determining compensation and assistance packages. Additionally, the provision of basic services and infrastructure aligned with the identified expenditure priorities should be prioritized to improve the overall well-being of the affected households. October 2023 77 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Average Household Monthly Income (TZS) REFUSE TO SAY ABOVE 1000000 810000-1000000 610000-800000 410000-600000 210000-400000 10000-200000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Figure 6-5: Average Household Monthly Income 6.2.12 Public and Community Services 6.2.12.1 Health Services PAHs have access to medical services primarily through public health facilities in the project area. The presence of district hospitals in all five districts ensures that PAHs have access to both inpatient and outpatient basic healthcare services, including maternity care, immunizations, and mother-child services. A total of 1,063(78.3%) households can access the health service within a distance of 1-5km while 225 (16.6%) can access in a less than 1km, 69(5%) access in above 5km. This indicates a relatively favourable proximity to health facilities for the majority of PAHs. Public health facilities emerge as the primary source of medical care for PAHs, emphasizing the importance of ensuring the quality and accessibility of these facilities. PAHs’ access to health facilities is shown in Figure 6-6. less than Above 5km 1km 5% 17% Between 1km to 5km 78% less than 1km Between 1km to 5km Above 5km Figure 6-6: Accessibility to Health Services October 2023 78 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 6.2.12.2 Access to School There are 126 schools in the project affected Shehias. Out of that 45 are nursery school, 8 primary school only, 42 nursery and primary schools, 27 secondary schools and 4 advance secondary schools. More than 70% of these schools are owned by the government. The survey reveals that 963(70.1%) household have access to schools within a distance of less or equal to 1km, 287(21.1%) between 1.1 to 2km, 83 (6.1%) between 2.1 to 5km and 17(0.01%) more than 5km. The number of secondary schools is not adequate since some Shehia don’t have secondary schools this means the children in that Shehia walk a distance to access the service. Although the number of schools is not adequate in the project area, the number of household members who attending schools is as follows; 1,717 children with age 0-6years are not going to school due to age as most of the families prefer to register children in school when they are 7 years and above. Out of 1782 children of 7-12 years; 1725 are still in primary schools, 57 have dropped out of school due to family issues such as income and distance to access school; Out of 1620 13-18years; 1,185 are in secondary school, 240 have finished secondary school, 165 did not finish secondary school and 30 did not respond. 6.2.12.3 Water Services Zanzibar, including the project-affected Shehias, primarily relies on domestic water services provided by Zanzibar Water Authority (ZAWA). The survey findings indicate that out of the project-affected households, 545 (40.1%) rely on water supplied by ZAWA. Additionally, 194 (14.3%) households have private wells drilled for their water needs, while 603 (44.4%) households rely on public boreholes drilled by Members of Parliament (MPs) and Zanzibar Housing Authority (ZHA) representatives. A small number of households, 15 (0.1%), depend on other water sources such as rainwater. While many project Shehias have wells, there is still a need for more to adequately meet the water demand. Some households resort to water trucking and utilizing surface water sources. Other (rain, vendor) 1% Private wells 14% water from ZAWA 40% public boreholes 45% Private wells public boreholes water from ZAWA Other (rain, vendor) October 2023 79 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Figure 6-6: Water Services 6.2.12.4 Energy Services In Zanzibar many Shehias use national electricity. The survey reveals that in the project area, the majority of households, 797 (58.7%), rely on electricity as their primary source of lighting. Kerosene is the second most common source, utilized by 393 households (29%), while 167 households (12.3%) use alternative energy sources such as solar panels and solar torches. However, approximately 40% of the affected households do not have access to a sustainable source of energy for lighting. In comparison to other Shehias in Zanzibar where national electricity is commonly used, the project area demonstrates a higher percentage of households relying on electricity. This can be attributed to the availability of electricity infrastructure within the project area. Others (Solar panel, touch, biogas) 12% Kerosene 29% Eletricity 59% Figure 6-7: Energy Source for Lighting The majority, 84.8% of the surveyed households, rely on fire wood and charcoal as their primary energy source for cooking. This traditional method of cooking is deeply ingrained in the project area, influenced by cultural norms and existing practices. In contrast, a relatively small percentage of households, approximately 12.85%, use processed gas for cooking. This indicates a limited adoption of alternative energy sources for cooking purposes. Additionally, a small fraction of households, 2.3%, utilize other energy sources such as electricity, kerosene, and biogas. processed other source of gas energy (eletricity, 13% kerosene,… Firewood and Charcoal 85% October 2023 80 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Figure 6-8: Energy Source for Cooking 6.2.12.5 Household Sanitation Facilities The most common sanitation facilities are traditional pit latrines and modern pit latrines (western type flush toilets). Approximately 842 households (62%) utilize pit latrines, while 488 households (36%) have access to flush toilets. A small number of households, comprising 27 households (2%), do not have their own toilets and instead share toilet services with nearby families or neighbors. The high percentage of households with access to pit latrines and flush toilets indicates that the overall sanitation level in the project area is satisfactory. Promoting hygiene practices and providing adequate education on sanitation facilities are essential components of this resettlement action plan to improve living conditions and well-being for the affected households. Flush toilet Pit latrine No sanitation facility Flush toilet No sanitation facility Pit latrine Figure 6-9: Percentage of sanitation facilities available 6.2.13 Vulnerable Households World Bank financed project requires a socio-economic baseline survey which includes the identification of vulnerable individuals. This includes households that fall into the following categories in the context of Zanzibar:  Poor households: These are households that live below the poverty line, which is determined by an official threshold based on average income. Households with incomes below this threshold are considered poor.  Female-headed households: These are households where the head of the household is a woman. Female-headed households often face unique challenges and vulnerabilities.  Elderly-headed households: These are households where the head of the household is over 70 years old. These households may have specific needs and requirements related to their age.  Households with people with disabilities: These are households that include individuals with disabilities. People with disabilities may face additional barriers and require specific support and accommodations. Additionally, in the context of Zanzibar, households headed by individuals over 70 years old who are registered in the Social Welfare Fund and receive a monthly payment of October 2023 81 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Twenty Thousand Tanzanian shillings (TZS 20,000) per head of household are also considered as poor households. Identifying and considering these vulnerable characteristics during the socio-economic baseline survey helps ensure that targeted interventions and support are provided to those who are most in need within the project's scope. 6.2.13.1 Vulnerability Criteria In line with this definition, the Project-specific criteria have been developed to support the identification of potentially vulnerable individuals and households amongst those that are being physically and economically displaced by the Project. Table 6-5 describe pre-existing contributing factors and potentially vulnerable groups. October 2023 82 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Table 6-6: Pre-existing Contributing Factors and Potentially Vulnerable Groups Pre-Existing Contributing Vulnerable Group Rationale Factor  Persons below 18 years cannot make decisions on their own without the support of guardians on issues of compensation and Child headed resettlement. household (under 18  They often have the burden of looking after siblings. years)  Lack of capacity to prioritize use of compensation.  Potential exploitation by fraudsters. Old age is a stage at which functional, mental, and physical capacity is declining and people are more prone to disease or disabilities. People in old age have the following characteristics which can contribute to them being more vulnerable to and less Age of resilient to displacement impacts: household head  Children are grown up and the household and social support declines. Elderly PAPs (65+  High dependence on others – caregivers. years) who heads the  Impaired physical, mental and functional capabilities. household  Limited economic productivity and employment opportunities.  Unable to obtain new sources of income and challenging to reconstruct livelihoods after resettlement.  Failure to adapt after displacement due to place attachment syndrome (applicable to physically displaced PAPs).  Reduced physical mobility with age.  Constrained mobility to look for replacement assets and livelihood. PAPs with incapacitating disabilities can have the following characteristics which can contribute to them being more vulnerable and less resilient to displacement impacts:  According to the specific disability, PAPs may have constrained mobility, difficulties with communication, challenged thinking capacity or visual impairment among others. PAP has  Disability may affect their access to information about the Project and the land acquisition process more limited or dependent incapacitating on others accessing information or acting on their behalf. Chronic, disabilities (mental,  Marginalized, stigmatized and socially excluded. The consequences of this may lead to difficulty in making important decisions frequent physical, blind, deaf) and choices. illness or  High dependence on others. Potential exploitation by caretakers. disabilities  Challenges with capacity to make important investment decisions. (mental,  Unable to obtain new sources of income and to reconstruct livelihoods after resettlement. physical, deaf,  Limited ability to access Project benefits blind) PAPs with debilitating chronic illnesses can have the following characteristics which can contribute to them being more vulnerable and less resilient to displacement impacts: PAP has a debilitating chronic illness (cancer  Often marginalized and stigmatized leading to social exclusion. etc.).  Their mobility is restricted. Communication is limited.  They are to a large extent incapacitated to make important decisions. They have a high dependence on others.  They have a high burden of sickness that requires constant medical costs. October 2023 83 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 Pre-Existing Contributing Vulnerable Group Rationale Factor  They have limited capacity to engage in economic activities. Female heads of  Traditional and cultural practices do not favour women to inherit property, especially from their late husbands. They are households (widow, normally controlled by male heirs who may sometimes exploit the widows. These could be relatives or adult children. divorced/separated,  Single women also have a higher burden of taking on household management compared to men and are more likely to be never married) exploited by people surrounding them. Women household members can be at-risk during compensation and resettlement processes for a variety of reasons, including:  Male family members are often the decision-makers on the utilization of proceeds from land and property and deciding on how household income is used. Often men have the greater control over financial assets and resources, such as land. This can result sometimes in women household members being disadvantaged during the compensation and resettlement program. Women household  Sometimes women household members, including spouses, are not consulted on decisions that are likely to affect their members at-risk from households. Gender of being  Exclusion from sharing the benefits of inheritance such as land and houses. household disproportionately  A woman’s marital status may increase the risk of being disproportion ately impacted, for example: those in polygamous member impacted (e.g. those marriages or where the marriage is not officially recognized. in polygamous  A sudden injection of monetary compensation and misuse of compensation can increase the risk of divorce and abandonment marriages, threatened for some women. with divorce and abandonment, Potential increased risk of Gender-Based Violence (GBV): affected by cultural  GBV in Zanzibar continues to be a major challenge in many parts of the Country. It takes a number of forms like domestic practice). violence, sexual violence and early marriages.  In the Project-affected area, the common forms of GBV reported include: domestic violence (such as spousal fights as a result of drunkenness, sexual harassment and advances); and child abuse (including corporal punishment and a few cases of defilement).  Disagreements over sharing/utilization of the compensation and the form of compensation could potentially increase the risk of GBV. October 2023 84 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 The above groups of persons may struggle without support to actively participate in Project activities and may not fully benefit from the compensation. Besides, they may not be able to restore the household’s livelihoods and/or assets. The categorization of vulnerability and offering of in-kind assistance (livelihood restoration, resettlement assistance and transitional support) takes into consideration other contributing factors that can exacerbate the level of vulnerability. These include:  Level of education (e.g. cannot read and write in any language).  Household income (i.e. number of household members earning an income).  Security of tenure for land.  Significance of displacement impact. 6.2.13.2 Summary of Potentially Vulnerable Households Table 6-6 summarises the total number of potentially vulnerable households affected by the project. Table 6-7: Total Number of Potentially Vulnerable Households PAPs MEET TWO PAPs MEET ONE CATEGORY CATEGORIES Disabled household Age 70 or older and Age 70 or older and Household head 70 Household head 18 Female head and Female headed years or older year or less household disabled disabled member female Total Total S/N Region District Shehia Hawaii 2 Michikichini 1 4 2 1 West 1 West ‘A’ Mtofaani 2 Urban Muembe Mchomeke 1 1 1 Mwera 2 10 1 Kikobweni 1 Chaani Kubwa 7 4 1 1 1 Chaani Mchenza shauri 1 1 4 North ‘A’ Chaani Masingini 2 2 1 2 2 North 2 Unguja Gamba 4 4 1 Chutama 2 1 Matemwe Kusini 1 14 10 1 1 1 North ‘B’ Kilombero 14 3 1 2 October 2023 85 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 6 PAPs MEET TWO PAPs MEET ONE CATEGORY CATEGORIES Disabled household Age 70 or older and Age 70 or older and Household head 70 Household head 18 Female head and Female headed years or older year or less household disabled disabled member female Total Total S/N Region District Shehia Pangeni 4 1 1 Ubago 1 1 3 Dunga Kiembeni 8 12 2 1 2 Dunga Bweni 3 6 4 1 1 Binguni 7 4 2 1 Tunguu 2 23 3 1 1 2 Cheju 2 9 1 1 1 2 Central Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 2 7 1 1 Pete 2 5 3 2 1 Bambi 7 11 1 1 1 1 South 3 Mpapa 1 5 2 Unguja Tunduni 1 2 3 2 Mchangani 1 4 1 Kitogani 7 3 Muungoni 1 2 1 Muyuni ‘A’ 5 4 3 South Muyuni ‘B’ 2 6 Muyuni ‘C’ 3 Kibuteni 1 1 Nganani 1 1 Total 37 175 78 2 292 13 14 21 48 October 2023 86 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 7 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS The impacts associated with land acquisition, land-use restrictions and relocation of households. All land required for the project will be acquired on a permanent basis by ZECO. The major negative impact of project is involuntary resettlement/ displacement of people. Project will be implemented on agricultural, residential and commercial areas. Therefore, current land users must be acquired, displacing more than 1,357 households and 29 institutions. This chapter will show impact of the resettlement process. 7.1 Loss of Land The asset survey findings reveal that the project will have a permanent impact on approximately 653.255 acres of land, affecting a total of 1,510 project-affected persons (PAPs) as presented in Table 7-1. The ownership status of the affected assets, including land and homes, can be classified into two categories: those with title deeds, those without title deeds, and properties where the ownership status is unknown to the respondents. Table 7-1:Loss of Land per Affected Shehia per Acres Region District Shehia No of PAPs Land Parcel Land Area Welezo 2 1 5.385 Hawaii 18 1 0.7505 Michikichini 39 1 2.382 Mtofaani 11 1 2.205 Muembe Mchomeke 13 1 2.092 West Urban West ‘A’ Mwera 49 1 5.828 Kinyasini 4 2 8.63 Kikobweni 2 2 12.351 Chaani Kubwa 12 8 7.36 Chaani Mchenza shauri 21 20 4.066 Chaani Masingini 22 12 12.903 Gamba 47 46 15.291 Chutama 22 18 5.387 North ‘A’ Matemwe Kusini 128 141 35.334 Kilombero 52 18 21.552 Pangeni 17 18 14.534 North Unguja North ‘B’ Upenja 2 4 16.578 Ubago 46 9 22.962 Kidimni 1 1 2.751 Dunga Kiembeni 117 127 41.395 Dunga Bweni 65 65 24.565 Binguni 78 74 20.227 Tunguu 152 160 36.208 Cheju 33 33 18.465 South Unguja Central Bungi 1 1 15.359 October 2023 87 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Region District Shehia No of PAPs Land Parcel Land Area Kikungwi 11.718 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 71 75 30.011 Pete 77 88 37.217 Bambi 103 108 28.049 Mpapa 19 17 8.974 Tunduni 15 16 7.827 Mchangani 32 28 16.691 Kitogani 55 63 26.426 Muungoni 33 39 28.899 Muyuni ‘A’ 43 51 18.083 Muyuni ‘B’ 34 32 14.794 Muyuni ‘C’ 33 38 19.342 Kibuteni 36 47 34.924 Nganani 13 13 7.559 Kijini 2 2 0.982 South Road and Stream 7.198 Total 1520 1382 653.2545 7.2 Loss of Structures According to the survey data, a total of 548 structures will be affected by the project. These structures can be categorized as follows: 157 are residential structures, indicating a significant impact on households; 28 structures are currently under construction; 352 structures are ancillary in nature, including facilities like toilets, bathrooms, animal sheds, outdoor kitchens, and septic tanks; 8 structures are commercial in nature, reflecting the impact on businesses; and 3 institutions will also be affected. These findings highlight the diverse range of structures that will be impacted resulting in loss of shelter or facilities needs to support households quality of life. Detailed information about the characteristics of the affected structures presented on Table 7-2. Table 7-2: Affected Building/Structure Commercial Incomplete Institution structure structure structure structure Dwelling Other Total Region District Shehia Welezo 7 Hawaii 1 1 Mchikichini 11 2 2 7 West Urban West ‘A’ Mtofaani 2 2 Muembe Mchomeke 3 1 2 Mwera 13 1 1 11 North Unguja North ‘A’ Kinyasini October 2023 88 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Commercial Incomplete Institution structure structure structure structure Dwelling Other Total Region District Shehia Kikobweni 1 1 Chaani Kubwa Chaani Mchenza shauri Chaani Masingini Gamba 3 1 2 Chutama Matemwe Kusini 19 6 13 Kilombero 46 23 20 3 North ‘B’ Pangeni 1 1 Upenja Ubago 5 5 Koani Kidimni Dunga Kiembeni 105 31 2 71 1 Dunga Bweni 16 4 12 Binguni 49 16 3 2 26 2 Tunguu 95 25 1 60 9 Cheju 5 2 2 1 Bungi Central Kikungwi Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 53 15 32 6 Pete 21 2 18 1 South Unguja Pagali Bambi 22 6 15 1 Mpapa 9 5 4 Mitakawani Tunduni 6 2 4 Pwani Mchangani Kitogani 30 8 19 3 Muungoni Muyuni ‘A’ 2 1 1 South Muyuni ‘B’ 6 1 5 Muyuni ‘C’ 8 2 6 Kibuteni 4 2 1 1 Nganani 4 4 October 2023 89 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Commercial Incomplete Institution structure structure structure structure Dwelling Other Total Region District Shehia Kijini 1 1 Total 548 157 8 3 352 28 7.3 Loss of Business and Local Income Generating Activities The project's impact extends beyond residential structures and encompasses various local businesses and income-generating activities. Large sugarcane and rice farms in Kilombero, Upenja, Chaani, Kikobweni, and Pangeni will be affected. Additionally, vegetable and fruit farms, poultry keeping operations, small-scale block-making and stone-crushing businesses, drip irrigation farming activities, and a fence belonging to private primary school in Mwera will also experience varying degrees of impact. Furthermore, roadside enterprises and home- based small businesses will face temporary relocation or disruptions during the mobilization and construction phases of the project. The specific details of these affected businesses assets can be found in Table 7-2. Loss of business structures and locations through displacement might affect businesses in many ways, including:  Loss of income during the time required to re-establish the business at the new location and premises.  Loss of customers and income if relocation affects access to the business by its client base, or if customers move to unaffected competitors outside the project area – especially in cases where goods and services are required frequently.  Loss of income if the spending power and/or demographic profile of the business’ target area changes.  Increased cost of transporting goods from suppliers and to existing clients. Displacement of businesses may result in a loss of employment (also for associated workers) when:  The resettlement site is too far away from the displaced person’s place of employment.  The business relocation site is too far away from the employee’s place of residence.  The employer is displaced, selects a cash compensation option (see below) and moves away leaving employees without work.  The business owner elects not to re-employ staff after resettlement or decides not to re-open the business. Cash compensation only is an option for the loss of business. October 2023 90 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 7.4 Loss of Social Services and Institutions A total of 14 social services and institutions will be affected, including a football ground and waste dump at Legeza Mwendo, TASAF area at Matemwe, Mjonga Co-operative at Binguni mosque at Tunguu and Binguni, Police at Unguja Ukuu Kaebona, Jeshi la Wananchi Tanzania, Ministry of Health Zanzibar, Ministry of Agriculture, School area at Matemwe and Kilombero, Zanzibar Sugar Industry, Tuna Moyo Co-operative at Binguni and Kikundi cha Ushirika Umoja ni nguvu at Kilombero. Cash compensation at replacement cost will be offered for community, institutional and government structures. 7.5 Loss of Economic Trees/Crops Baseline research showed that the majority of households relied on subsistence agriculture. Loss of agricultural land will be accompanied by the loss of perennial crops and economic trees. Within the project area, a significant number of economic trees, totalling approximately 69,762, will be impacted by the project, as identified through the asset survey. These trees are owned by various individuals and institutions, as outlined in Table 7-5. Additionally, crops such as cocoyam, cassava, cinnamon, cowpea, maize, and sugarcane, among others, are also affected, as indicated in Tables 7-3 and 7-4. The loss of these trees and crops will have adverse effects on the households that rely on them for their livelihoods. Not only will there be a reduction in the availability of food for subsistence, but there will also be a decline in potential sales revenue generated from the products derived from these trees. This highlights the significant financial impact on the affected households and emphasizes the need for appropriate compensation and livelihood restoration measures to mitigate the loss and ensure the socio-economic well-being of the affected individuals and communities. Displacement impacts related to trees and crops are not limited to the loss of standing vegetation, but also to the time required to establish new crops at a new location, and the loss of livelihoods and income during this period. In the case of trees and other perennial crops the period before these become productive could be spread over a period of years. Cash compensation is offered for crop and economic tree losses (see Chapter 8), and a suite of livelihood restoration initiatives addresses crop re-establishment and the improvement of agricultural effectiveness and productivity. October 2023 91 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Table 7-3: List of Affected Perennial Crops per Shehia per Stem Chaani Mchenza Shauri Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Muembe Mchomeke Kijini Makunduchi Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Michikichini Grand Total Mchangani Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Muyuni C Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Binguni Tunguu Gamba Upenja Mpapa Hawaii Mwera Ubago Bambi Cheju Pete Crop Type Aloe/Mshubiri 2 16 1 86 8 2 1 121 Black Pepper/Pilipili Manga 105 1 10 18 136 Cinamon/Mdalasini 1 1 26 38 1 1 124 195 Kisamvu 1 27 26 1 2 8 191 Lemon Grass/Mchaichai 7 14 5 40 2 81 6 2 2 1 9 9 16 5 4 16 1 338 Lozera 8 8 Milucina 63 63 Miwanga 25 2 11 38 Sisal/Mikonge 89 89 Sugar Cane/Miwa 71 3 2 14 34 3 3 19.9 1.7 18 1.9 22 1 4 6 12 3 40 8 3.8 26 8 16 20 15.5 416 Yum/Viazi Vikuu 291 41 58 17 476 393 26 79 22 82 117 1022 71 424 77 81 334 76 149 5 142 88 47 4252 Zucchini/Zukini 140 232 372 Grand Total 407 127 3 58 35 496 531 26 3 147 214 127.8 1.7 281 1121 1.9 22 343 4 432 92 83 338 40 93 12.8 202 12 164 262 76 15.5 5771.77 October 2023 92 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Table 7-4: List of Affected Crops per Acre Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Chaani Mchenza Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Grand Total Mchangani Kikobweni Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Tunguu Gamba Upenja Mpapa Shauri Mwera Ubago Cheju Pete Row Labels Cocoyam/Majimbi 0.071 0.071 Guatemala Grass/ Nyasi aina ya Gwatemala 0.136 0.214 0.35 Irrigated Paddy/Mpunga 0.171 0.3 0.372 1.192 1.321 3.356 Paddy/Mpunga 2.171 1.713 1.432 1.233 0.095 2.861 0.486 2.188 0.225 0.033 12.44 Pigeon Pea/Mbaazi 0.327 0.327 Pineapple/Minanasi 0.103 0.103 Sugar Cane/Miwa 0.858 1.708 1.878 2.838 15.49 22.77 Grand Total 2.171 2.198 1.82 2.049 0.125 0.688 1.763 0.449 0.1 0.095 4.126 1.708 0.09 0.374 4.318 0.136 0.471 0.4 0.669 0.222 0.058 0.327 6.347 0.465 3.42 0.593 0.921 0.351 15.52 51.98 October 2023 93 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Table 7-5: Number of affected Trees Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Muembe Mchomeke Kijini Makunduchi Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Chaani Mchenza Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Michikichini Grand Total Mchangani Kikobweni Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Muyuni C Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Binguni Tunguu Kidimni Welezo Gamba Upenja Mpapa Hawaii Shauri Mwera Ubago Bambi Cheju Pete Tree type Alexandrian/Mtondoo 2 5 10 1 2 46 66 Areca Nut/Mpopoo 7 7 Ashok trees/Miashoki 1 3 10 2 37 53 Avocado/Mpeya 28 29 15 41 114 1 8 1 3 18 18 23 14 8 13 2 4 2 8 20 3 23 3 47 29 19 1 498 Banana/Mgomba Jamii Ya Koroboi 874 442 15 148 185 177 490 4 27 67 9 77 65 24 171 61 57 75 16 12 19 222 2 71 1 122 133 20 133 368 316 4461 Banana/Mgomba Jamii Ya Mtweke 88 198 2 32 44 18 143 1 144 6 48 22 89 354 54 103 120 5 7 7 394 5 24 21 12 109 269 12 7 2424 Banana/Mgomba Jamii Ya Mzuzu 157 172 36 93 11 59 80 2 62 42 164 6 45 102 137 61 74 86 1 11 4 12 230 10 220 13 67 236 23 2257 Apple bananas /Mgomba Jamii Ya Pukusa 282 289 61 26 30 137 203 101 196 30 60 53 78 45 100 62 1 53 68 8 271 11 72 51 92 226 412 37 6 3085 Baobab/Mbuyu 1 1 2 1 2 10 1 21 2 3 3 1 1 49 Betel Papper/Tambuu 5 5 Bilimbi/Mbilimbi 3 10 4 2 1 2 3 2 7 1 5 6 1 8 12 11 3 3 84 Bitter Lemon/Mdanzi 1 3 1 3 8 Black Plum/Mfuu 18 9 7 10 27 8 1 6 8 9 2 11 1 3 5 9 1 1 1 1 12 1 4 2 4 18 179 1216 Black Wattle/Mkeshia 4 26 7 31 19 197 1131 68 70 4138 248 9 56 856 3720 3 72 1 191 10 8 148 11 200 541 51 176 176 8 Bread Fruit/Mshelisheli 46 54 8 29 1 11 2 1 1 15 168 Bread Fruit/Mshelisheli Kokwa 1 1 1 5 1 1 10 cacao/Kakao 1 1 Cashewnut/Mkorosho 1 1 1 3 Christmas Tree/Mkrismas 1 2 3 Cinamon/Mdalasini 12 12 Clove/Mkarafuu 197 49 92 3 11 3 104 1 4 464 Coconut/Mnazi 1288 321 2 2 2 147 10 397 882 6 1 67 12 43 163 102 59 14 155 12 30 145 384 246 249 25 30 2 374 60 326 336 168 56 6116 Coffee tree/Mbuni 1 1 October 2023 94 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Muembe Mchomeke Kijini Makunduchi Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Chaani Mchenza Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Michikichini Grand Total Mchangani Kikobweni Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Muyuni C Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Binguni Tunguu Kidimni Welezo Gamba Upenja Mpapa Hawaii Shauri Mwera Ubago Bambi Cheju Pete Tree type Common Fig/Zaituni 2 1 3 Curry Leaf/Mvuje 138 1 1 9 1 2 2 5 159 Durian/Mdoriani 2 2 9 13 Eucalyptus/Mkaratusi 8 3 1 424 1 2 1 2 442 Ficus Tree/Mkuyu 4 1 2 7 2 7 23 Golden Shower/Mfistula 3 3 Grape Fruits/Mabalungi 1 1 3 1 2 1 6 15 Grey Pine/Msonobari 2 2 Guava/Mpera 12 92 10 48 107 18 233 256 15 5 39 15 4 23 4736 6 36 2 6 15 62 1 28 8 12 130 18 112 149 56 166 151 6573 Haliudi/Vetiva grass 5 5 Henna Plant/Mhina 2 10 1 2 1 7 1 6 1 1 1 1 34 Hog Plum/Muembe Sakua 8 33 7 26 24 1 1 4 5 2 1 2 1 4 3 6 1 8 3 28 18 3 189 Iroko/Mvule 6 1 7 Jackfruit/Mfenesi 59 34 2 12 1 30 89 4 1 1 20 8 22 24 3 5 5 1 10 14 13 10 28 15 3 1 18 44 16 12 5 510 Jambolana/Mzambarau 39 24 4 8 18 2 33 29 39 8 2 2 18 2 2 23 37 8 1 90 3 3 16 55 3 68 537 Jasmine Shrub/Asumini 6 3 1 4 2 16 Kassod Tree/Mjohoro 2 1 72 18 7 5 44 15 1 1 1 640 3 21 831 Kisamvu 23 2 1 2 28 Lemon/Mlimau 36 29 7 1 33 65 2 6 1 3 7 127 47 5 11 13 2 6 7 38 12 19 2 2 1 89 4 17 37 6 30 666 Lime/Ndimu Kali 31 58 9 48 4 29 208 2 16 5 2 122 105 5 16 7 2 5 20 20 22 71 13 32 2 196 7 73 71 265 7 1476 Mabungo/Saba 3 4 21 28 Malay Apple/Mtofaa 45 29 1 62 1 2 1 1 2 13 3 1 2 15 9 187 Mandarine/Mchenza Ajemu 115 7 1 6 3 96 96 4 12 19 34 3 4 2 5 3 6 7 39 49 33 1 23 76 2 87 22 39 795 Mango/Boribo Muyuni 17 9 20 9 1 1 6 2 14 1 1 4 10 36 13 7 55 12 218 Mango/Boribo Siagi 3 2 2 7 11 1 1 27 October 2023 95 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Muembe Mchomeke Kijini Makunduchi Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Chaani Mchenza Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Michikichini Grand Total Mchangani Kikobweni Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Muyuni C Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Binguni Tunguu Kidimni Welezo Gamba Upenja Mpapa Hawaii Shauri Mwera Ubago Bambi Cheju Pete Tree type Mango/Embe Amari 2 2 3 7 Mango/Embe Boribo 29 7 7 11 1 41 23 78 94 5 1 84 76 5 63 50 12 6 4 2 9 71 163 97 109 8 87 3 141 1 71 36 63 17 3 1478 Mango/Embe Dodo 19 17 8 11 1 21 15 22 20 16 2 12 7 10 10 71 7 2 11 5 3 11 32 67 11 1 21 2 6 8 4 3 21 477 Mango/Embe Ndogo 18 6 6 4 4 11 7 7 10 1 13 9 2 3 13 2 35 32 40 2 12 8 21 1 13 5 2 2 289 Mango/Embe Pembeni 2 1 10 1 1 9 1 3 1 29 Mango/Embe Shomari 81 17 3 12 1 3 120 68 5 1 14 5 4 2 49 1 9 1 2 1 11 5 5 8 10 9 42 3 4 496 Mchongoma 6 62 1 8 77 Mianzi 6 6 Mibono 2 20 22 Milucina 7 196 4 207 Mitopetope 1 2 14 2 5 1 1 3 2 3 8 42 Mjengaua 1100 672 271 1 510 1025 7 12 1 232 551 2 83 120 97 43 7 180 202 168 2 114 9 1509 507 133 18 7576 Mkarati 68 1 2 23 1 1 3 1 9 109 Mkilua/Mkilua 1 3 4 Mkola 1 1 Mkunazi 2 5 2 1 1 3 3 17 Mkungu Kienyeji 107 34 1 42 6 3 4 41 4 2 5 1 3 4 75 18 1 1 41 32 24 12 71 532 Mkungu Kivuli 13 12 1 82 5 5 2 2 5 10 7 9 5 3 161 Mkunguni 1 1 Mlangilangi/Ylang lang 9 8 1 18 Monkey Pod/Mti Ulaya 1 1 2 Moringa/Mronge 11 4 1 9 9 13 20 11 7 12 8 1 24 60 38 21 249 Mpeasi 2 1 3 Mtende 1 13 14 Mvumo/African fan palm 1 2 5 8 October 2023 96 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona Muembe Mchomeke Kijini Makunduchi Chaani Masingini Dunga Kiembeni Chaani Mchenza Matemwe Kusini Chaani Kubwa Dunga Bweni Michikichini Grand Total Mchangani Kikobweni Kilombero Muungoni Muyuni A Muyuni B Muyuni C Kinyasini Chutama Mtofaani Kibuteni Kitogani Tunduni Nganani Pangeni Binguni Tunguu Kidimni Welezo Gamba Upenja Mpapa Hawaii Shauri Mwera Ubago Bambi Cheju Pete Tree type Neem/Muarubaini 5 3 12 21 1 16 158 9 25 1 2563 52 1 30 5 1 3 27 25 2958 Nutmeg/Kungumanga 10 7 13 4 1 35 Orange Tree/Mchungwa 402 175 18 32 11 442 457 12 2 20 5 2 53 54 2 6 62 7 15 1 123 149 25 15 11 1 134 70 265 142 108 25 2847 Palm Tree/Mchikichi 2 1 1 3 1 6 4 3 4 4 1 1 98 129 Pasion/Pesheni 52 180 1 167 104 117 2 10 16 2 1 11 1 1 8 2 37 1 64 132 37 946 Pawpaw/Mpapai 92 92 25 1 105 134 83 381 40 29 80 2 262 166 31 31 63 12 47 835 141 2 335 106 71 2 102 6 201 265 137 3890 Pomegranate/Mkomamanga 1 2 2 2 1 1 9 Rambutan/Mshokishoki 49 3 2 25 3 2 7 1 5 138 7 243 Rose/Muwaridi 6 1 1 1 1 10 Ruber Tree/Mpira 17 3 5 25 Scew Pine/Mkadi 1 1 Shona/Mgerenge 4 2 7 6 1 20 Silk Cotton/Msufi 2 56 1 5 2 5 3 2 3 2 7 6 94 Sorinderia/Mpilipili Doria 2 102 3 31 12 28 1 1 3 9 3 2 5 1 203 Sweet Lime/Ndimu Tamu 4 1 2 19 37 3 43 1 2 3 7 3 32 157 Sweetsop/Msatafeli 62 20 4 1 13 215 1 1 2 4 14 8 15 3 7 1 2 8 9 1 7 5 15 76 20 515 Tamarind/Mkwaju 1 6 4 2 4 2 2 1 1 10 2 1 3 2 1 6 14 1 3 66 Tangerine/Mchenza Kangaja 45 3 4 2 17 1 1 12 1 3 10 1 2 102 Teak/Msaji 53 14 33 24 12 8 8 113 3 261 7 2 1 1 61 43 199 9 852 Whisky Pine/Mvinje 8 15 16 267 397 88 2 9 96 2303 50 62 447 396 7 39 1201 683 1 1765 71 7 2 7937 Wing Leaf Soapberry/Mharita 5 1 6 Grand Total 5570 3612 198 567 30 1806 1435 3431 5739 4422 411 826 21 188 18 957 37 4440 8625 5392 898 1617 584 594 1715 1248 1304 1489 1462 1574 514 2737 489 6612 3475 2026 187 1176 #### October 2023 97 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 7.6 Graves The Right of Way (RoW) for the project will result in the impact of over 500 graves across the five Districts, as identified during the RAP surveys conducted in various Shehias. One specific graveyard, spanning 0.686 acres, was encountered in Matemwe Kusini Shehia within North A District. While the coordinates of the graveyard were recorded, the survey team faced challenges in documenting each individual grave due to overgrown vegetation and the absence of identifying markers on the graves. Consequently, the exact number of graves within the demarcated area could not be determined. However, it was reported during formal meetings and FGDs that there are more than 200 graves within the area. It is important to note that the procedure for removing graves in Zanzibar is not widely known, and PAPs expressed concerns and reluctance towards the proposed procedure. This highlights the sensitivities and complexities associated with the relocation or disturbance of graves, necessitating careful consideration and engagement with the affected communities. The graves are not going to be relocated, instead, ZECO and supervision Consultant will collaborate with Contractor and make sure that they are not destructed during construction and operation of the project. However, the local community will no longer be allowed to use these areas for burial activities. ZECO, the project Consultant supervisor will ensure that foundations of the towers are not placed on top of any graves/graveyards. Before starting construction, Contractor will be notified all places which has graves in order to make sure that no towers are placed in the grave yard. Table 7-6: Graves impacted by the Project Region District Shehia Grave North Unguja North ‘A’ Matemwe Kusini Graveyard with more than 200 graves Ubago Two graveyards with more than 112 graves Binguni 150 South Unguja Central Tunguu 2 Bambi 31 Mpapa 6 Mwembe Mchomeke 2 West Urban West A Mtofaani 2 Total More than 500 7.7 Impacts to Vulnerable Households The impacts of resettlement on these households can be significant, as they may face additional challenges and vulnerabilities. Some potential impacts include:  Economic Challenges: Female-headed households may face difficulties in generating sufficient income to sustain their families due to limited access to resources and economic opportunities. October 2023 98 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7  Social Support: Female-headed households may require additional social support to address their specific needs, such as access to healthcare, education, and social welfare services.  Property Rights: Ensuring that women in female-headed households have secure property rights and access to land is crucial for their long-term stability and livelihood.  Psychological Well-being: Female-headed households may experience emotional and psychological stress as they navigate the resettlement process and adapt to new environments. To mitigate these impacts and support the affected households, the following measures can be implemented, in addition to any compensation they may be otherwise entitled:  Livelihood Support: Provide training, resources, and opportunities for income- generating activities to enhance economic self-sufficiency for female-headed households.  Social Services: Ensure access to existing essential social services, including healthcare, education, and social welfare programs, specifically tailored to meet the needs of female-headed households.  Empowerment and Capacity Building: Offer programs that promote women's empowerment, such as skills training, leadership development, and awareness campaigns on gender equality and women's rights.  Property and Land Rights: Implement measures to protect and ensure the property and land rights of female-headed households, ensuring their long-term security and stability.  Psychosocial Support: Provide counselling and support services to address the emotional and psychological well-being of female-headed households during the resettlement process.  Enhanced Monitoring: Close follow up on their socioeconomic situation during the transition process, to understand their situation, accompany them, and determine if additional support measures are needed. By implementing these mitigation measures, the aim is to support and empower female- headed households, ensuring their successful resettlement and sustainable livelihoods in the affected community. 7.8 Measures to minimize displacement impacts The RAP has addressed the project’s impacts by developing appropriate measures to mitigate the negative effects on the affected households. This includes the provision of fair compensation for land acquisition, taking into account the value of the properties on it, and any affected assets. Furthermore, the RAP has emphasized the importance of ensuring that the relocation process is conducted in a manner that minimizes disruption and hardship for the affected households. October 2023 99 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 To ensure effective implementation of the RAP, close coordination and collaboration between ZECO, local authorities, and the affected communities will be essential. This will enable the identification and resolution of any issues or challenges that may arise during the land acquisition and relocation processes. By addressing the impacts associated with land acquisition, land-use restrictions, and household relocation through a comprehensive and participatory approach, the RAP can mitigate the adverse effects on the affected households and promote a smooth transition to the new circumstances brought about by the Project. To minimize adverse social impacts while considering technical requirements and cost- effectiveness and maximizing the benefits the following measures have been identified.  Compensation for asset value: As part of the project, compensation will be provided for the value of assets that are lost or affected at replacement cost. This includes compensation for various types of assets such as land (depending on ownership type), residential structures, and unfinished structures. The aim is to ensure that individuals and households are adequately compensated for the assets they have lost due to the project. This compensation will help mitigate the negative impact on their livelihoods and provide them with the means to rebuild and recover from the losses incurred. In addition, PAPs will be required to bring with them their spouses for the entitlement briefings. This is because the Compensation Agreements has been structured to include a spousal consent form.  Permanent loss of trees: Farmers affected by the project will permanently lose their trees, but they will retain the right to benefit from them by selling or relocating them to other lands. In addition, farmers will receive full compensation for the loss of their trees. While this may alleviate the severity of the impact, it is important to note that farmers may face challenges in restoring their income as it typically takes 3-5 years for newly planted trees to reach maturity and generate income. The compensation provided can help mitigate the financial burden during this restoration period and support farmers in transitioning to alternative income-generating activities.  The magnitude of loss during harvesting season is relatively limited since the farmers are allowed to harvest their crops. The project recognizes the importance of minimizing disruption to farmers' livelihoods during the harvesting season. Farmers will be allowed to carry out their harvesting activities, reducing the magnitude of loss during this critical period. The project aims to enable farmers to fully benefit from their seasonal crops as such, no compensation for the value of their seasonal crops will be paid. Nevertheless, the project will make efforts to ensure that farmers' interests are considered and that the compensation received adequately reflects the value of their perennial crops.  Vacation notice. To facilitate the process of vacating the land, a vacation notice will be issued to the affected households as part of the compensation process. This notice will be three months and the aim is to provide reasonable time for the households to prepare for relocation. Three months’ notice will include notice of intent, notice to move (which must be at least 6 weeks) and notice to salvage (after PAPs have relocated). During this period, the Project-Affected Persons (PAPs) will be allowed to remove October 2023 100 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 salvageable items from their existing structures, such as iron sheets, windows, doors, and bricks. This provision aims to minimize the loss for the PAPs by allowing them to salvage and reuse materials from their properties. By providing this opportunity, the project aims to ensure a smooth transition for the affected households while also respecting their rights and belongings.  Employment opportunities. The project is expected to generate employment opportunities, both in the short term during the construction stage and in the long term during the operations stage. These opportunities can have positive impacts on the local community by providing job prospects and improving livelihoods. The project aims to prioritize the recruitment of local people for skilled and semi-skilled tasks, whenever feasible. By involving the local population in the project's workforce, it can contribute to the economic development of the affected area and enhance the overall well-being of the community.  Provide assistance to the vulnerable groups. In order to address the needs of vulnerable groups affected by the project, specific assistance will be provided based on their individual losses. For those who will lose their residential housing structures, such as widows, disabled individuals, and those suffering from long-term sickness, special support will be given to help them construct new houses or affected rooms. This targeted assistance aims to ensure that vulnerable individuals are not left disadvantaged by the project and have access to suitable housing options. By providing this support, the project aims to promote social equity and inclusiveness, and mitigate the potential negative impacts on vulnerable groups. Note this will be assessed on case-by-case basis when the project analyses the need to do so.  Provide for free recyclable and reusable materials from construction activities. To promote sustainable practices and support the affected population, the project will provide access to recyclable and reusable materials generated during construction activities. Project-affected persons (PAPs) will have the opportunity to utilize materials such as felled trees and cleared vegetation for their own purposes. Additionally, any leftover or excess materials, which the contractor does not require, after the demobilization phase will be made available to PAPs. This approach aims to minimize waste and maximize the utilization of resources, while also providing economic opportunities and supporting local communities. By facilitating the access to these materials, the project promotes a circular economy and fosters the sustainable use of resources. This must be undertaken in line with the waste management plans for the Project.  Supply of services and goods. In an effort to support local communities and project- affected persons (PAPs), the contractor will be encouraged to accept high-quality building supplies offered by PAPs and community members. These supplies may include stones, gravel, sand, fill materials, and other construction-related resources. Furthermore, local merchants, preferably PAPs, will be given the opportunity to provide additional services such as water delivery, building waste removal at authorized sites, and catering services for food and refreshments. This approach aims to promote local October 2023 101 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 economic participation and empower PAPs by involving them in various aspects of the project. By engaging with local suppliers and service providers, the project seeks to create mutually beneficial relationships and contribute to the economic development of the affected communities.  Grave removal: Based on the findings of the survey, it was discovered that most of the project-affected persons (PAPs) are unaware of the process of grave relocation. As a result, they believe that the graves cannot be relocated. In order to minimize the impact on the graves, the graves are not going to be relocated, instead, ZECO and supervision Consultant will collaborate with Contractor and make sure that they are not destructed during construction and operation of the project. However, the local community will no longer be allowed to use these areas for burial activities. ZECO, the project Consultant supervisor will ensure that foundations of the towers are not placed on top of any graves/graveyards. Before starting construction, Contractor will be notified all places which has graves in order to make sure that no any tower is placed in the grave yard. This approach acknowledges the cultural and religious significance of the graves and respects the beliefs and sentiments of the affected communities. By taking this measure, the project aims to mitigate any potential negative social and cultural impacts while ensuring the proper treatment of the graves throughout the project implementation. 7.8.1 Summary of Impacts and Management Measures A summary of displacement impacts and management measures is presented Table 7-7 Table 7-7: Summary of Impacts and Management Measures Impact Description Management Actions Loss of The project area covers 653.3 acres and 225 Compensation options for Land households will experience loss of land only; 12 will the loss of land is cash experience a loss of land and structures; 110 will compensation at experience loss of dwellings, 1187 will experience a replacement cost. Chapter 9 loss of trees and crops only. discusses associated livelihood restoration options and outlines additional assistance that will be made available to vulnerable people. Loss of About 145 of Project-affected households will lose Compensation options for Residential their dwellings. This number is inclusive of the loss of land and Structures households who have built their own houses on the structures is cash rented land. compensation at replacement cost. Chapter 9 discusses associated livelihood restoration options and outlines additional assistance that will be made October 2023 102 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Impact Description Management Actions available to vulnerable people Loss of Approximately 8 businesses will lose their business Cash compensation will be Business structures. All these businesses were reported into applicable for all businesses Structures two categories as formal and informal at the time of structures at replacement cut-off. cost. Loss of A total of 14 social services and institutions will be Cash compensation at Social affected, including a football ground and waste dump replacement cost will be Services at Legezamwendo, TASAF area at Matemwe, Mjonga offered for community, and Co-operative at Binguni, mosque at Tunguu and institutional and government Institutions Binguni, Police at Unguja Ukuu Kaebona, Jeshi la structures. Wananchi Tanzania, Ministry of Health Zanzibar, Ministry of Agriculture, school area at Matemwe and Kilombero, Zanzibar Sugar Industry, Tuna Moyo Co- operative at Binguni and Kikundi cha Ushirika Umoja ni nguvu at Kilombero Loss of A total of 69,762 economic trees included in the Cash compensation at Crops and approved list of the Chief Government Valuer will be replacement cost will be Economic affected. paid for trees and perennial Trees crops. Livelihood restoration programmes will be developed to further assist households. Those with trees will be given enough time to remove the trees. If the project timelines prevent PAPs from harvesting their seasonal crops, cash compensation will be provided based on the crops that are present at the time of the land being acquired. More initiative are discussed in Livelihood Chapter. Disturbance More than 500 graves were recorded within the Graves will not be removed of Graves project area and three graveyards however mitigation and measures will be taken into Ancestral consideration on entitlement Shrines framework and compensation strategy to ensure relevant procedure of not disturbing the graves are followed during construction October 2023 103 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 7 Impact Description Management Actions Loss of Natural resources in the project area will be lost, or Options for providing access Access to access will be restricted. These resources are used to natural resources like Natural as a source of livelihood for Project-affected persons grazing, harvesting Resources and surrounding communities and include trees, medicinal plant will be given water and medicinal plants. to the community once the construction has been completed. See Chapter 9 for livelihood restoration measures. Restrictions PAPs will not have access to the wayleave corridor Relocation assistance of on land use which is acquired for TL. Some of them were TZS 500,000/= for each depending on that land for agricultural activities which PAP losing land and be enabled them to get some income included in the LRP October 2023 104 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 8 ELIGIBILITY, ENTITLEMENT AND COMPENSATION FRAMEWORK 8.1 Introduction The Eligibility, Entitlement and Compensation Framework outlines the proposed entitlements for each type of displacement impact resulting from the Project. It establishes the compensation rates and values applicable, and specifies the eligibility criteria for affected PAPs to receive compensation at replacement cost and resettlement assistance. The following are covered in this chapter:  Eligibility: Who is qualified to receive compensation and resettlement aid is identified and described.  Entitlements: defines "what" kind of compensation and assistance each impacted person or group is entitled to, including the rights of potentially vulnerable persons and assistance for livelihood restoration, both of which are required by the World Bank’s ESF. There is a comprehensive Entitlement Framework in this section.  Valuation and Compensation: defines the levels and types of compensation that will be provided to those who are impacted, as well as "how" various assets that have been impacted have been valued. The procedures used to calculate valuation and compensation under the Zanzibar Regulations and the World Bank's requirements to ensure replacement value. As previously indicated, the World Bank has a specific requirement that this section includes rights for vulnerable individuals and livelihood restoration. 8.2 Eligibility An individual or group is eligible to receive aid, compensation and assistance as a result of displacement if they have been forced to relocate as a result of land acquisition, the revocation of their rights, the expropriation of their property as a direct result of the Project, and/or experience involuntary restrictions in land use and experience adverse economic impacts, either of a temporary or permanent nature. A key prerequisite for eligibility is that affected individuals and assets were developed before the cut-off date. The requirements indicated in paragraphs 10 and 35 of ESS5 which establishes three types of people who are entitled for compensation served as the basis for the eligibility criteria used in this RAP.  Those who have formal legal rights to land or assets.  Those who do not have formal legal rights to land or assets but have a claim to land or assets that is recognized or recognizable under national law where customary or traditional tenure arrangements are considered.  Those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land or assets they occupy or use will not be eligible for compensation for the land, but they will be compensated October 2023 105 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 for losses other than land (such as crops, irrigation infrastructure, and other improvements made to the land) (e.g., those we are using government land, like three acres and uwanda). In addition, the Borrower will need to provide assistance in lieu of land compensation sufficient to provide such persons with an opportunity to re- establish livelihoods elsewhere. 8.2.1 Eligibility Categories The eligibility categories indicated in Table 7-7 pertain to groups of affected parties and PAPs expected to experience different types of loss brought on by displacement or physical or economic displacement, or restrictions on land use, as a result of the project's land acquisition requirements for the ZESTA project. The measures for each group of affected people are included in the Entitlement Matrix (section 8.3.1). In accordance with the definition of affected people described in the previous section, the absence of formal documentation will not be an impediment to recognize benefits to people who are adversely affected by the Project; alternative methodologies using market values and proxy variables will be adopted in such cases. Likewise, people without recognizable land claims who are affected by the project will be compensated for lost assets other than land, and will receive assistance in lieu of land compensation sufficient to provide such persons with an opportunity to re-establish livelihoods elsewhere. It is acknowledged that a PAP may fit into multiple eligibility categories (for example, for land, buildings, and/or crops). The eligibility categories and related entitlements that apply to each identified PAP are determined by the socioeconomic and asset value surveys in conjunction with the Valuation Report (VR). Other institutions, Shehia councils (who manage Shehia land and assets), and other governmental organizations also have assets that are impacted in addition to specific PAPs that are a part of PAHs. Details are included in the Entitlement Matrix. 8.2.2 Cut-off dates Cut-off dates were established as a key element in the eligibility process. These dates were defined at the start of the asset valuation surveys, and widely disseminated with enough advance notice to all interested parties in the affected areas. The Project will not be required to compensate or provide resettlement assistance to people that move into the Project area after the cut-off date. A cut-off date is crucial for managing encroachment and opportunistic settlement as well as for establishing a definite quantification of impacted individuals and assets to help with planning and budgeting for the implementation of resettlement. 8.3 Entitlements An Entitlement Framework has been created using the results of socioeconomic and asset valuation surveys along with the eligibility requirements as described in the RPF. By linking compensation entitlements to the type, scope, and category of the affected person, the framework outlines the compensation principles and approach. All entitlement options were communicated at various stakeholder forums. The objectives of October 2023 106 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 the entitlement framework are to identify:  All categories of affected people, including property owners and land right holders, tenants, encroachers, informal users, and other natural resource users, shopkeepers, communities, and vulnerable groups;  All types of loss associated with each category, including loss of physical assets; loss of access to physical assets; loss of wages, rental or sales earnings; loss of public infrastructure, and elements of cultural significance; and  All types of compensation and assistance to which each category is entitled, including compensation for or replacement of land and natural resources; compensation for structures, assets, rental income etc.; moving assistance and post-resettlement livelihood restoration support. 8.3.1 Entitlement Matrix The Entitlement Framework, presented in Table 8-2, has been based on the outline entitlement framework developed as a component of the RPF. October 2023 107 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 Table 8-1: Entitlement Matrix SN Category of Type of Loss Eligibility Entitlement Entitlements details PAPs 1  Agricultural  Landowner Owner PAP a) Cash compensation for the land at  The payment of replacement cost (leased & replacement cost (with market value shall consider: freehold) determined by the prevailing market  To arrive at a full replacement cost of prices of the land in the affected areas). land value  Customary b) A disturbance allowance of 15% of the  The labour cost will be calculated value of land lost will be provided to on what it would cost a farmer to those who do not get land for land, prepare the land. irrespective of the size of land.  Administrative, registration, and c) the value of labour invested in preparing transfer costs to meet replacement agricultural land will be compensated cost Agricultural  Tenants Tenant/renter a) Compensation for standing crops shall  Compensation for the standing Loss of land be paid at market price crops/damaged during the b) Cost of clearing and preparing land. construction period shall be paid at market value Government land  Tenants on Tenant/renter a) Compensation for standing crops shall  Compensation for the standing (Three acres and government be paid at market price crops/damaged during the Uwanda) land b) Cost of clearing and preparing land construction period shall be paid at 7 market value c) Resettlement Assistance of Tsh of 500,000/= will be paid to each tenants on  Assistance in lieu of land government land. compensation sufficient to provide such persons with an opportunity to re-establish their livelihoods elsewhere. 7 This RAP has adopted a 15% of the minimum annual income in Zanzibar to be a ressettlement assistance in line with a 15% disturbance allowance which is catered for under Zanzibar regulations. Thus, TZS 500,000/= is about 15% of the minimum annual income based on the current minimum monthly wage (i.e. TZS 311,000/=) established and used by the RGoZ. The same is about 15% of the average monthly income(i.e. TZS 305,000/=) for most PAPs in accordance with findings of the socio-economic surveys. It should be noted that most PAPs are losing only a portion of land to pave the way for the construction of 132kV TL whereby the PAPs will be allowed to continue to use the remaining portions to support their livelihood though they are government owned land. October 2023 108 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 SN Category of Type of Loss Eligibility Entitlement Entitlements details PAPs Businesses   2 Loss of  Residential  Dwelling PAP a) Cash compensation of structure at  Cash compensation will be payable structure owners households replacement costs for those losing main dwelling  Structure b) Lump-sum shifting allowance of 10% houses or parts of residential owner c) Right to salvage materials from the structure such as toilet, kitchen,  Encroacher existing structure, even if compensated shed and storage s or  Encroachers will be paid the squatters development on the land and have the right to salvage the materials  Valuation of structures should consider the size and construction materials used  The depreciation of the asset and salvage value of materials shall not be included Structures (Kitchen,  Structure PAP/Affected a) Cash compensation at replacement cost.  In kind compensation will be made Toilets, Bathrooms, Owner/ Entity b) Right to salvage materials from the available for those losing main storages) Unauthoriz demolished structure. dwelling houses or parts of ed residential structure such as toilet, Occupant kitchen, shed and storage, in similar (Encroache or better conditions. r or Loss of Squatter) structure Commercial (Loss of Structure PAP Business a) Cash compensation of structure at The absence of formal documentation Business Structure) Owner entity replacement cost. will not be an impediment to recognize b) Lump-sum shifting allowance of 10% of benefits to the affected people. the value for the impacted structure. Alternative methodologies will be c) Right to salvage materials from the adopted in such cases. existing structure. October 2023 109 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 SN Category of Type of Loss Eligibility Entitlement Entitlements details PAPs d) Allowance: three months’ profit for the transition period. e) Lump-sum shifting allowance of 10% of the compensation sum. f) Allowance for loss of profit will be determined by an independent valuer during RAP Commercial (Loss of Tenant/ Renter Tenant/ Renter a) Reimbursement for unexpired tenancy/  Proof of a formal rental agreement Business Structure) who is also a with proof of lease period or the amount of deposit or does not have to be provided. If business owner tenancy/ advance paid by the tenant to the formal agreements do not exist, the Leasing or in landlord or the remaining amount at the calculations will be based on absence of time of expropriation. alternative methods that use market formal b) Allowance: three months’ profit for the values as proxy variables in the agreement, transition period. calculations. identification c) Lump-sum shifting allowance of 10% of  Note: Amount for the unexpired through the compensation sum. tenancy only will be deducted from premises d) Allowance for loss of profit will be the compensation payable to owner determined by an independent valuer landowners. during RAP 3 Crops and Fruits, trees and Crop owner Owner PAP, a) The valuation of perennial crops will be  The highest market price/kg and Trees perennial crops Affected based on the product of their average expected life span plus Shehia (in case yield (kg/tree/year). The valuation of establishment cost will be of natural seasonal crops will be done using current considered. growing trees) market values. b) The valuation of fruit trees will consider the time between planting and bearing of fruits c) Valuation will be based on the product of yield, period between planting and bearing of fruits and market price. d) Input costs. October 2023 110 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 SN Category of Type of Loss Eligibility Entitlement Entitlements details PAPs Crops and Other trees Crop owner Owner PAP, a) Cash compensation will be based on the  The size of trees being lost will be Trees Affected provision of the Forestry/Agriculture considered in the valuation as the Shehia (in Gazette, Government of Zanzibar (2018) bigger trees will attract high rates. case of natural or the most recent schedule from the  The price for the cleared trees will growing trees) Department of Forestry under the be based on the updated schedule Ministry of Agriculture, plus additional from the Department of Forestry amounts to reach replacement cost to under the Ministry of Agriculture. reach market value plus transactional This will be provided with cash costs, as needed. compensation to replace the b) Replacement of the public cleared/trimmed trees in cleared/trimmed trees along the project consultation with forest RoW. Departments and the PAPs, If those amounts do not allow the replacement in similar or better conditions, an additional amount will be included to cover the gap. Crops and Annual crops Crop owner Owner PAP, a) Compensation will be based on the The yield shall be the highest yield of that Trees Affected average market unit price of the crop particular crop as determined by Ministry Shehia (in over a period of the past three years of Agriculture. case of natural multiplied by the yield per unit area and If transactional costs need to be covered growing trees) multiplied again by the land size. by PAPs as part of this process, those OR costs will be compensated as well. b) Three months’ notice to harvest standing crops shall be given. However, if notice cannot be given, compensation for these crops shall be paid at market value October 2023 111 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 SN Category of Type of Loss Eligibility Entitlement Entitlements details PAPs 4 Loss of Common Property Resources Affected Affected areas Replacement of community resources to  Replacement of existing (Hand-pump, dug-wells, Structures, Community or ensure the functionality is restored in similar infrastructure based on identified etc.) Host or better conditions. need and to sustain demand of Community community services (schools, Location Area religious structure, water resources etc.) 5 Loss of Access, or restrictions in Communities Shehia and  Provision of alternative access.  Provision of access path(s), wooden access, due to construction works (Urban Urban  Compensation for loss of income at planks, etc. at identified locations in dwellers) Community replacement cost consultations with the community 6 Damage to standing crops during PAPs Shehia • PAP Compensations at replacement cost to be  Resettlement Grievance construction due to movement of community Shehia undertaken on a case-by-case basis and in Management Committees at Shehia machinery, stringing of wires damage Urban dwellers community line with the entitlement matrix level to resolve issues. to frontages (footpaths) during • Structures  Cost shall be determined based on excavation for cable replacement owner the cost of rebuilding the damaged structures including footpath. 7 Graves Next of kin Next of kin a) Cash compensation for the land at  No base of the tower will be placed (Grave owner) (Grave owner) replacement cost (with market value on top of any grave/grave yard determined by the prevailing market  No new burial activities will be prices of the land at the affected areas). allowed within the RoW Graves will not be relocated, and mitigation measures will be adopted to avoid disturbing the graves during construction. October 2023 112 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 8.4 Valuation and Compensation The valuation process has been completed in sections to meet the requirements of the RGOZ and World Bank to reach replacement cost:  Rates Report. Market research was conducted in Unguja Island in accordance with The Zanzibar Valuation Practice. The objective of the research was to determine the current or most recent market values and replacement costs of goods that were compensable. A Rates Report detailing the findings of the study, including the rates established for the Project in Unguja, was created and submitted to the Chief Government Valuer (CGV) for approval. This will guarantee that Project Affected Persons (PAPs) receive compensation at replacement cost.  Valuation and Compensation under Zanzibar Legislation. This section, which is presented as cash compensation and is transmitted to the CGV for endorsement and approval, covers items that are compensable under the national legal framework. It is crucial to read this section of the valuation in conjunction with the section outlining in- kind and other entitlements under WB standards to get a full picture of the valuation process. The requirements adhered to by CGV and Zanzibar valuation practice will be followed in the signing off and approval of the VR and Compensation Schedule.  Valuation for Additional Entitlements under Word Bank Standards Requirements. This section provides entitlements, eligibility, and support for affected persons who need to restore their living conditions and rebuild their livelihoods through the provision of the means for them to access adequate housing, access to services and facilities, and security of tenure. These are necessary to make sure that additional WB commitments and requirements are met by the compensation plan. Although the CGV is made aware of these items, it is not intended for the CGV to approve them because they include Project-specific additional entitlements and compensation alternatives that are in line with World Bank financing requirements. 8.4.1 Valuation and Compensation under RGoZ Legislation This section, which is presented as cash compensation and is transmitted to the CGV for endorsement and approval, covers items that are compensable under the national legal framework. The requirements adhered to by CGV and Zanzibar valuation practice will be followed by the signing off and approval of the VR and Compensation Schedule This valuation process took into account:  Rates prepared by Department of Lands and registration and issued by the CGV8;  Applicable Laws;  Data gathered during the fieldwork operations outlined in Section 4.3, including a survey of market rates; and 8 The base rates for land are indicative, however, the rates for crops and trees and additional approved rates relevant to the project are prescriptive. October 2023 113 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8  A confirmation procedure coordinated with the appropriate CGV representative. The rate for land was derived based on the Zanzibar regulations. The process involved conducting research along the transmission line. Mixed research methodology founded on both the quantitative and qualitative approaches was used. The compensation rate for crops and economic trees used are the ones published on a regular basis by MLHD in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture. The current rate to be used was established in 2021. During the valuation process, base rates were adjusted according to the professional opinion of the registered Valuer who further considered location-specific factors and observations. Adapted rates were then validated by the CGV office Valuers prior to submission to the CGV for approval. The process of establishing compensation rates for the Project commenced in February 2022. This included field visits and a workshop. The process of determining compensation rates for the power line RoW continued with a market asset survey along the entire length of the power line route. The survey conducted aimed to establish market related compensation rates for:  Land;  Buildings and structures;  Crops and trees;  Disturbance allowance;  Loss of profit 8.4.1.1 Land A predetermined procedure was devised for determining the fair market value of land located within the Project's footprint. Unit land rates were generated utilizing 2019 base land rates that were discovered through additional project-specific research and the office of the CGV. Land rates at the Shehia and zone levels are set forth in the 2019 land rates. The valuer (From CGV Office) was then consulted after visiting the project area to familiarize himself/herself with the characteristics of the relevant land. In order to do market research, it was necessary to learn about average land costs per acre for undeveloped property as well as to examine recent sales of agricultural land in specific Shehia and zones. The market land rate at the Shehia level was then calculated using data on zone land pricing. Table 8-3 show land rates developed and used by the project. Table 8-2: Land rates for relevant Shehia in the project area in Unguja S/N Region District Shehia Land Rate (TShs) Rate per m2 for Rate per Acre for Building Plots Agricultural Land (TShs.) (TShs.) Welezo 24,000 Nill 1 West Urban West ‘A’ Hawaii 16,000 Nill Michikichini 16,000 Nill October 2023 114 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 S/N Region District Shehia Land Rate (TShs) Rate per m2 for Rate per Acre for Building Plots Agricultural Land (TShs.) (TShs.) Mtofaani 16,000 Nill Mwembe Mchomeke 16,000 Nill Mwera 18,000 Nill Kinyasini 8,000 16,000,000 Kikobweni 8,000 16,000,000 Chaani Kubwa 5,000 12,000,000 Chaani Mcheza shauri 5,000 12,000,000 North ‘A’ Chaani Masingini 5,000 12,000,000 North 2 Gamba 5,000 12,000,000 Unguja Chutama 5,000 12,000,000 Matemwe Kusini 8,000 16,000,000 Kilombero 5,000 12,000,000 North ‘B’ Pangeni 3,000 6,000,000 Upenja 3,000 6,000,000 Ubago 8,000 16,000,000 Koani 10,000 32,000,000 Kidimni 6,000 12,000,000 Dunga Kiembeni 5,000 12,000,000 Dunga Bweni 8,000 16,000,000 Binguni 8,000 16,000,000 Tunguu 7,000 10,000,000 Central Cheju 5,000 12,000,000 Unguja Ukuu Kaebona 5,000 12,000,000 Pete 5,000 12,000,000 South 3 Bambi 5,000 12,000,000 Unguja Mpapa 5,000 12,000,000 Tunduni 5,000 12,000,000 Mchangani 5,000 12,000,000 Kitogani 5,000 12,000,000 Muungoni 5,000 12,000,000 Muyuni ‘A’ 5,000 12,000,000 South Muyuni ‘B’ 5,000 12,000,000 Muyuni ‘C’ 5,000 12,000,000 Kibuteni 5,000 12,000,000 Nganani 5,000 12,000,000 October 2023 115 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 S/N Region District Shehia Land Rate (TShs) Rate per m2 for Rate per Acre for Building Plots Agricultural Land (TShs.) (TShs.) Kijini 5,000 12,000,000 8.4.1.2 Buildings and Structures Buildings and structures have been valued using the Contractor's Test (Replacement Cost) method of valuation. This is in accordance with standard procedure in Zanzibar, which mandates that the valuer consider the cost of replacing a building or structure of a similar nature, the quality of construction, levels of completion in works-in-progress, and size based on local market prices of materials and labor charges when assessing building (structure) value rates. In the course of power line asset valuation, four basic types of building/structure rates have been established and used. Detail of these types have been explained in the market research report. 8.4.1.3 Crops and Trees The type of crop/trees, age, development stage, and quantity of the particular crop/tree all affect its market value. The valuation team made use of the CV's 2021 approved crop rates. 8.4.1.4 Disturbance Allowance Regulation under operation in Zanzibar requires disturbance allowances to be calculated by “…multiplying (the) value of the valued interest in land by rate of interest of 15% (Fifteen percent). The project valuer must adopt 15% of the land affected assets according to the RPF's information. This means that to determine the ultimate compensation amount to be given to PAP, the total computations of the PAP assets' entire worth must be multiplied by 15% as the disturbance rate. The value of the land and assets valued under additional entitlement under the ESS5 has been applied to the disturbance allowance (as determined under the Zanzibar legal framework) on the same basis as for land and assets under Zanzibar Law. This allowance has been calculated at a rate of 15% as additional. 8.4.1.5 Graves There is no clear narrative explaining how to deal with graves in resettlement exercises. But in practice, compensation for relocation of graves comprises compensation to relatives of the deceased for reasonable expenses associated with rituals involved in the exhumation of graves and costs involved in the removal, transportation, reinstatement and re-interment of the grave or dead body. But in this project, based on the request of grave owners and in order to minimize effect that will be caused by resettlement, graves will not be relocated and care will be taken not to place tower on any grave or graveyard. After the project, these graveyards will no longer be used for burial, instead the project will purchase an alternative burial site for the owners of the land. October 2023 116 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 In case of family graves, they will be paid compensation of their land and will find alternative burial site themselves. 8.4.1.6 Government Land and Assets Government land i.e military land, Shehia land and associated assets have been valued according to the valuation methodology outlined as per other valuations, and recorded separately in the Valuation Reports, as a record of the size and value of the land and assets affected by the Project. 8.4.2 Valuation for Compensation for Additional Entitlements under World Bank Standards The valuation reports for additional entitlements under WBS (ESS5) and their associated compensation schedules include information on additional entitlement valuation, in-kind compensation eligibility standards (such as programs and trainings for livelihood restoration), and compensation options designed to satisfy these standards. These are Project-specific additional entitlements and pay choices that adhere to WB standards to achieve replacement cost. These include the following things:  Base calculation of cost based on the market value of the affected assets.  10% transaction cost to the market value of land9;  Disturbance allowance of 15% to all relevant additional entitlement’s compensable items10;  Orphaned land;  Livelihood restoration entitlements;  Additional support for vulnerable PAPs / households.  Compensation at replacement cost for specific land and assets not eligible under Zanzibarian Law but eligible under the WB. For the purposes of the application of the RAP, “replacement cost” is defined as a method of valuation yielding compensation sufficient to replace assets, plus necessary transaction costs associated with asset replacement. Where functioning markets exist, replacement cost is the market value as established through independent and competent real estate valuation, plus transaction costs. Where functioning markets do not exist, replacement cost may be determined through alternative means, such as calculation of output value for land or productive assets, or the undepreciated value of replacement material and labor for construction of structures or other fixed assets, plus transaction costs. In all instances where physical displacement results in loss of shelter, replacement cost must at least be sufficient to 9 10% Transactions cost is applied to the value of the land as determined under RGoZ Laws. 10 The 15% interest rate applied for Disturbance Allowance is as per the Valuation Report. As with Zanzibarian practices this interest rate is applied to any land / assets / additional entitlements provided for under WB standards. October 2023 117 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8 enable purchase or construction of housing that meets acceptable minimum community standards of quality and safety. 8.4.2.1 Transaction Costs Associated with Land Asset losses must be paid at replacement cost, according to ESS5. Replacement cost is defined by ESS5 as "Market Value of the Assets plus Transaction Costs." Market value is the amount necessary to enable impacted communities and individuals to replace lost property with property of comparable value. The Valuation Report for Additional Entitlements under ESS includes a 10% transaction cost related to acquired land under ESS. Transaction costs include administrative charges, registration or title fees, reasonable moving expenses, and any similar costs imposed on affected persons. To ensure compensation at replacement cost, planned compensation rates may require updating in project areas where inflation is high or the period of time between calculation of compensation rates and delivery of compensation is extensive. 8.4.2.2 Entitlements to Vulnerable Persons Vulnerable households that are physically or economically displaced by the Project will get additional resettlement support. Chapter 6 describes the Vulnerable Persons in detail and criteria used to identify them. In this section will clarify their entitlements and assistance to be offered to them. Different individuals and households will need different levels of support and assistance during resettlement implementation dependent on their specific area of vulnerability. Specific initiatives to protect and support vulnerable groups which may be considered include:  Ensuring compensation agreements contain a spousal consent;  Identifying ways to help reduce women’s workload and improve family services such as improved access to water and basic services;  Improving financial stability through a money management program, e.g. by supporting credit groups, providing skills training, supporting access to markets;  Supporting education development, particularly numeracy and literacy;  Strengthening the participation of vulnerable groups in decision making processes by providing support such as training, access, and safe conditions to encourage participation;  Promoting equal opportunities for employment on the project by ensuring that employment opportunities are advertised and open to all groups;  Assisting vulnerable groups and individuals in dismantling and moving assets;  Providing support (not just monetary compensation) to vulnerable groups where the re-building of structures is required; and  Ensuring vulnerable individuals have priority access to LRPs. October 2023 118 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 8  Close monitoring on their socioeconomic situation during the transition process, to understand their situation and determine if additional support measures are needed. October 2023 119 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 9.0 LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION PLAN 9.1 Introduction According to ESS5, apart from compensation payment there must be other resettlement measures such as Livelihood Restoration Plan (LRP). The goal of LRP will be to mitigate the impact on livelihood and help restore, and where possible improve, the livelihoods and living standards of economically displaced PAPs/PAHs. The LRP will assist in re-establishing and strengthening current livelihood practices in the short and medium terms and develop transferable skills and engender self-reliance in the long term. Zanzibar laws on land acquisition and resettlement do not provide income and livelihood restoration plan but require that compensation is paid fully, fairly and promptly. Similar to other linear projects implemented under WB financing, ZECO will follow WB ESS5 because it provides greater protection to the PAPs who will be affected by the project and loose income sources or other means of livelihood. By establishing livelihood restoration programs, apart from receiving compensation, PAPs will also be enabled to maintain or improve their living standards by doing similar activity or new activity of their choices. 9.2 Objectives of the Livelihood Restoration Activities Livelihood restoration activities are established with the following objectives:  Sustainable use of cash compensation through financial training including training on the maintenance of a bank account, on small household investments, saving strategy and financial planning at the household level.  Intensification of production both in agricultural and livestock keeping and fishing (where appropriate) by provision of training through agriculture, livestock keeping extension and proper fishing technology respectively.  Facilitate access to alternative income generating activities through provision of business skills training.  Provide sustainable livelihood packages for PAHs that are designed to enable the PAPs and PAHs to move beyond dependence on external resources.  Provide support so that PAHs and communities are able to maintain equal access to broader community, district, and regional development programs (i.e. government programs, project community development activities, etc.) 9.3 Livelihood activities within the project area. Based on the socio-economic baseline survey conducted, the livelihood activities of the affected households showed that 779 (57.4%,) are engaged in agricultural and agricultural allied activities; a total of 297 (21.9%) are involved in business (small and medium scale business); followed by 204 (15%) employed in either public and private sectors; 12 (0.9%) taking part in livestock keeping; 32 (2.4%) involved in daily wages, 11 (0.8%) are not working and 22 (1.6%) are involved in other activities like renting houses. These data shows that most PAPs are involved in agricultural activities and small and medium scale businesses. Hence, it October 2023 120 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 is important to support these PAPs through agriculture and business programs and ensure that their livelihoods are maintained. Apart from socio-economic baseline survey, ZECO in collaboration with local government authorities at district and Shehia levels, conducted the second round of stakeholder consultations between 21st June and 12th July 2023, whereby PAPs were further engaged through public meetings and discussions about income and livelihood measures that can be adopted in the different areas traversed by the TL. Most of the PAPs expressed their preferences that the LRP should focus on agriculture, livestock keeping and entrepreneurship programs as indicated in Table 9.1 below. Table 9.1 – PAPs preferences on the focus of the LRP S/N Name of Shehia Preferred LRP Option Date of Engagement 1. Dunga Kiembeni  Agriculture activities & livestock keeping 26th June 2023 2. Dunga Bweni  Agriculture activities & livestock keeping 26th June 2023 3. Bambi  Agriculture activities, livestock keeping 27th June 2023 (i.e. cow and goat) & fishing activities 4. Mpapa  Financial management awareness (i.e. 27th June 2023 proper use of compensation fund), investment and entrepreneurship & livestock keeping. 5. Mchangani  Entrepreneurship, agriculture activities & 27th June 2023 livestock keeping 6. Tunduni  Agriculture activities and vocational skills 28th June 2023 (i.e. craftmanship) 7. Binguni  Livestock rearing, agriculture activities & 28th June 2023 entrepreneurship 8. Cheju  Agriculture activities (i.e. vegetables) and 3rd July 2023 livestock rearing (i.e. chicken) 9. Unguja Ukuu  Agriculture activities & livestock keeping 4th July 2023 Kaebona 10. Pete  Livestock keeping & agriculture activities 4th July 2023 11. Matemwe  Fishing activities, agriculture activities 5th July 2023 and livestock rearing 12. Chutama  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 5th July 2023 13. Gamba  Livestock rearing, agriculture activities 5th July 2023 and entrepreneurship 14. Chaani Masingini  Agriculture activities 6th July 2023 15. Chaani Mcheza  Agriculture activities 6th July 2023 Shauri 16. Chaani Kubwa  Agriculture activities 6th July 2023 17. Kikobweni  Agriculture activities (i.e. banana) 7th July 2023 18. Kinyasini  Agriculture activities (rice paddy) 7th July 2023 October 2023 121 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 19. Pangeni  Agriculture activities 8th July 2023 20. Upenja  Agriculture activities 8th July 2023 21. Kilombero  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 8th July 2023 (i.e. chicken, cow and goat) 22. Kijini  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 10th July 2023 23. Nganani  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 10th July 2023 24. Muyuni C  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 10th July 2023 25. Muyuni B  Agriculture activities (i.e. vegetables), 11th July 2023 fishing (fish culture through artificial ponds) and livestock keeping (i.e. cow and goats) 26. Muyuni A  Agriculture activities, fishing activities and 11th July 2023 livestock keeping (i.e. cow, goat and chicken) 27. Muungoni  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 12th July 2023 28. Kitogani  Agriculture activities and livestock rearing 12th July 2023 It should be noted that PAPs who are within the section between Welezo and Ubago will also be included in the livelihood restoration program despite of the fact that they are encroachers. Valuation for all affected properties within the existing wayleave corridor owned by ZECO has been conducted and most of the affected property are agricultural produce (i.e. banana and fruit trees) which are mostly used as food crops. 9.4 Income and Livelihood Restoration Support The Project will offer livelihood restoration assistance to restore livelihoods. As discussed in previous sections, most of PAHs are reliant on land-based livelihood activities, and therefore the provision of the livelihood restoration activities that are land-based is a key component of a successful livelihood restoration. While a set of criteria11 will be established in order to determine the intensity of support to be provided to PAPs, the livelihood restoration will be structured around group-level measures. Some PAPs will require access to individual level livelihood restoration support, e.g. those with vulnerabilities, as they are unable to restore their livelihoods without further assistance due to the degree of Project impact and / or lack of resilience or social standing. These livelihood restoration entitlements will have a cumulative value for those PAPs with multiple affected land parcels. Both land and non-land-based measures are contained within the livelihood restoration program. 11 The criteria will consider the percentage of land plot that has been lost, level of dependence of the plot of land that has been lost in the income generation and livelihood, nature of loss of the land (temporary vs permanent) as well as whether a PAP has other plot of land which can be used to support income generation and livelihood in the locality. October 2023 122 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 9.5 Livelihood restoration plan As indicated in chapter six (6) 57.4% of PAPs depend on the agricultural activity as their source of income and crops cultivated are cash and food crops. Food crops includes cassava, rice, cocoyam, banana, tomato, peas and eggplant while cash crops are fruits trees such as mangoes, oranges, coconut, tangerine, fennel, pineapple, ladies finger and other vegetables. In terms of livestock keeping as a means of livelihood, PAPs depend on the sale of livestock product and livestock. Poultry, cows and goats are the main livestock being kept. As such, considering the findings of the socio-economic baseline surveys conducted during the preparation of this RAP and PAPs preferences determined during consultations and engagement sessions, this livelihood restoration plan builds on the following livelihood support options: -  Provision of financial management awareness training to be provided before the payment of cash compensation  Supporting agricultural undertakings – focusing on the crops grown by PAPs as determined during socio-economic surveys  Supporting livestock keeping  Supporting entrepreneurship skills and undertakings  Provision of short-term or temporary employment opportunities In order to ensure success and sustainability of the restoration plan, after ZECO established the estimated / average budget for each PAP, an opportunity will be provided for each PAP to propose preferred restoration activity for implementation either in groups or individually. Governance wise, PAPs will be allowed and encouraged to organize themselves in a form of legal association or any other arrangement that will be found suitable. The association will operate as an independent entity in charge of all operations and administrations of PAPs undertakings under the restoration plan. The association will have its constitution with rules which determine how it should be run. It will have its own leadership constituted in accordance with the constitution. The role of ZECO will be to guide, advice and support the operations of the association in view of complying with Zanzibar and WB requirement. 9.5.1 Financial management training Most of the PAPs are not used to receiving huge amount of cash and there is a risk they may spend the cash on unnecessary items rather than using the money to re-establish their homes and sources of income. In addition, literacy and numeracy levels are low in most of the project areaa, and particularly low for women. As such, the main objective of the financial management training is to assist PAPs (men and women) to use their cash compensation wisely to restore their livelihoods and build a sustainable future. For sustainability of this training both PAPs who are physically and economically displaced will be involved. The training will be provided prior to payment of cash compensation as part of the project’s early support in view of attaining the intended training objective. PAPs will be allowed and encouraged to attend the training together with their wives/husband and ZECO will make efforts to ensure that all groups of PAPs including vulnerable PAPs such as women, October 2023 123 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 widow and elders are taking part in this training. ZECO will engage and collaborate with Financial Consultant or Bank(s) which are operating in Zanzibar (such as PBZ, CRDB, NMB, NBC etc) to train PAPs on the proper ways of utilizing the compensation funds whereby Swahili language will be used to train the PAPs. Other stakeholders such as Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Water Energy and Minerals, relevant Districts Councils and Shehia governments will also be involved in the delivery. The training will focus on the following aspects/topics of financial management:-  Cash management  Proper ways of utilizing compensation fund  Savings  Proper use of credit facilities such as vicoba/microfinances etc.  Opening of a bank account  Proper investments which are associated with livelihood restoration plan Prior communication will be made to make all PAPs aware of the training program and encourage their participation. Due to high number of PAPs, training will be scheduled and organized to take place at Shehia levels. Venue will be decided after involving and engaging District and Shehia leaders and precautions will be taken to avoid PAPs to travel long distance and incur cost to attend the training. The training will be followed by a continuous monitoring programme to determine the usefulness of the training on enabling PAPs to use their compensation fund properly and provide further guidance where necessary. 9.5.2 Agricultural training and inputs Among the challenges that PAPs mentioned (during socio-economic survey and consultations) associated with their existing agricultural practices include lack of funding for accessing the agricultural inputs (i.e.buying fertilizers, high quality seeds, etc), losing crops due to pests and diseases, poor agricultural practices and changes of weather due to climate change. As such, the LRP has been designed to improve the technical know how in dealing with the prevailing challenges and supporting / providing agricultural inputs with the goal of improving both, the quantity and quality of harvests and eventually generate higher level of income and / or food security. The training will focus on farming i.e land preparation and planting of agricultural land, crops diversification, seedlings propagation and nursery management, management of trees to maturity level and combating diseases on crops and trees. Due to land scarcity in Zanzibar PAPs may also prefer to be trained on the agricultural production methods which is using small land, but crops harvested are of more value and they can earn much profit. Support on agricultural inputs will be in the form of provision of improved highly yielding seeds and trees seedlings of PAPs preferences and provision of fertilizers to help them to establish and improve production and consequently improve their livelihood. Vulnerable PAPs who may not be able to attend the trainings physically due to their vulnerability conditions will be allowed and encouraged to choose family member to attend the trainings on their behalf and also receive agricultural inputs provided. Where possible, the Project will look to leverage and learn from other current livelihood improvement programs of similar nature implemented by other institutions / actors in other October 2023 124 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 places such as Agricultural Services Support Programme (ASSP), AGRO CONNECT, Tanzania Horticultural Association (TAHA) and the Regional Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project (RRFP). The ASSP is implemented in Zanzibar to contribute to the government’s efforts to increase agricultural productivity and profitability, generate employment in rural areas, and ensure national and household food security while AGRO CONNECT is an EU-funded programme, contributing towards inclusive economic growth, promoting private sector development and job creation in the agricultural sector, and towards increasing food and nutrition security in Tanzania and TAHA was established with the aim of promoting and developing horticulture. On the other hand, the Regional Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Project (RRFP) is a hydropower project under joint development by the Governments of Republic of Burundi, Republic of Rwanda and United Republic of Tanzania through a commonly owned Rusumo Power Company (RPCL) implemented by the Nile Basin Initiative. 9.5.3 Entrepreneurship training and supports The stimulation of enterprise development among the PAHs takes pressure off the demand for land to meet livelihood needs and creates employment opportunities outside of the Project for local communities. The findings of socio-economic surveys and consultations and engagement depicted that PAPs would prefer the development of enterprises in the context of vocational skills and undertakings and the creation of value-adding enterprises within the agricultural value-chain to increase the income generated by households. On the other hand, within the project wayleave there are PAPs who are doing businesses which will be affected by the project. These PAPs will also need livelihood restoration because their source of income will be affected. These PAPs may need assistance in finding alternative business premises where they can shift their materials and continue with the same business which they have experience with. Support such as transport and rent fee for a shop may be provided to restore PAPs living standards. For those who will opt other businesses apart from what they are now doing, gap analysis will be done and come up with new entrepreneurship skills which is market based and which will enable PAPs to earn some income such as bakery, art /homemade craft which can be sold to the tourist, saloon services (hair dressing), gardening services, soap making, batik making etc and they will be taught how to brand and market their new businesses. As such, support on entrepreneurship will focus on the small and medium scale business with the objective of establishing and / or expanding the SMEs amongst PAPs to support their livelihood. The support will be in the form of skills development that promotes the establishment and / or running of SMEs effectively and efficiently as well as providing seed capital based on viable business options earmarked by PAPs. 9.5.4 Livestock keeping training and inputs. Livestock keeping plays a significant role in the economy of agricultural households as it provides income to the people. The socio economic baseline survey indicated that 0.9% of PAPs are depending on it for earning income. This is a very minimum percent but during consultations and engagements of PAPs in the Shehia within the project area, support on livestock keeping was the second main option (after agriculture) proposed for prioritization in the development of LRP. PAPs pointed out that they would wish to receive training on the types of new bleeds of livestock and how to keep cows, goats and chickens. October 2023 125 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 In view of meeting PAPs preferences, the LRP is designed to improve the productivity from livestock keeping and eventually increase income generation for the PAPs through capacity building trainings (on care and feeding, health management, value addition on products and by-products, etc) and provision of initial input supports (including materials for development of livestock shed, assortment of hand working tools, livestock(s), seeds for forages, vaccines, etc). ZECO will collaborate with relevant District Officers and other NGOs with knowledge and experience in livestock keeping/ animal husbandry in preparing these training and support programs. 9.5.5 Provision of short-term or temporary employment opportunities Construction of the 132kV will create direct and indirect employment opportunities. Direct employment will be in the form of unskilled (excavations, consignments, cleaning, etc), semi- skilled (driving, masonry works, equipment and machinery operations) and skilled (engineers, accountants, administrators, etc) personnel. Indirect employment will include people who will be providing various services such as provision of water, food, security and fuel to the Contractor during construction phase. Creation of employment chances will bring both economic and social benefits. Socially the young and energetic otherwise poor people will be engaged in productive employment other than remaining idle as well as improving the relations between them and their dependents. In order to enhance the positive impact, contractors and services providers will be directed/instructed/ guided to prioritize local communities especially PAPs in the Shehia which are affected by the project in the provision of unskilled and semi skilled jobs. In addition, contractors will also be engaged to observe the following procurement and labor recruitment procedures in collaboration with ZECO: In order to enhance the positive impact, contractors and service providers will be directed to:  Provide awareness to locals on potential investment and employment opportunities.  Maximize procurement of supplies from local markets in the project area e.g. food, drinks, water, construction materials, consumables, etc;  Publish local employment opportunities by engaging local leaders at Shehia level;  Optimize local employment by offering skills and trainings to locals particularly youth;  Observe the national (Zanzibar) and international labour standards 9.6 Gender and Vulnerability Considerations The livelihood restoration measures included in the LRP are designed to replace and/or enhance livelihoods among Project-affected persons and households. The Project, through the RAP, has a specific responsibility to ensure that vulnerable people and households are addressed in the various livelihood restoration initiatives, that they have the capacity and support to participate meaningfully, and that the effectiveness and impact of the initiatives is monitored regularly. All inputs will benefit vulnerable people and households in some way, especially if set up and implemented with vulnerability issues in mind. The following gender and vulnerability October 2023 126 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 considerations will apply to the design, preparation, implementation and monitoring of the broader livelihood restoration inputs and programmes:  Review of the gender and vulnerability mitigation potential and the likely benefits of individual inputs and programmes.  Identification of implementation risks and opportunities in this context, and measures to reduce risk and enhance benefit.  Design and implementation that incorporates the proposed vulnerability mitigation measures.  Allocate job fairly among local people (women and men) by working with local leaders at Shehia level;  Monitoring that assesses the way inputs and programmes respond to gender and vulnerability issues, and the effectiveness of the measures in this context. 9.7 Livelihood Restoration Schedule In terms of the schedule the finalisation of livelihood restoration inputs (including detailed planning and secured partners/service providers) and the identification and mobilisation of participants will take place between the 4th quarter of 2023 and the 1st quarter of 2024. Implementation of the schedule will continue for a further one year, or until programmes are deemed sustainable and livelihood restoration outcomes as envisaged. 9.8 Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring, evaluation and reporting is one of the core components of the LRP. The tasks outlined in this LRP will be subject to both internal and external monitoring throughout project activities. Internal monitoring will be carried out by ZECO. External monitoring will be done by the independent RAP Monitoring NGO hired under the MoWEM through ZESTA project with expertise in livelihood restoration and compensation. World Bank commitments will be respected in both internal and external monitoring. Monitoring and Evaluation activities will be monitored once the livelihoods interventions are initiated. The implementation and impact of the activities done under the LRP will be tracked through a monitoring and evaluation component included as part of the LRP. Data collected at the time of resettlement action plan surveys (baseline data) will serve as a benchmark point for future evaluators to assess progress. Monitoring and Evaluation cell for the purposes of the LRP aimed to take under consideration the scale of interventions being proposed, and over the timeline it is being proposed, it would be beneficial to have a monitoring and evaluation component to the LRP to keep the opinions of the intended beneficiaries on board while rolling out all the intervention. To best implement the LRP, government stakeholders, NGO stakeholders and local people will be involved in the planned activities of monitoring and evaluation. October 2023 127 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 10 GRIEVANCES REDRESS MECHANISM 10.1 Overview of the Project’s Grievance Management Procedure ZECO has developed a Grievance Redress Mechanisms (GRM) system that will be followed for ZESTA. During the RAP study all PAPs were informed about this system and they were also given brochures written in Swahili language which indicated all the procedures to be followed. GRM register books are also available at the Shehia level and ZECO has its database register. All grievances / complaints will be reported through the following channels: • A telephone through number +255 (0) 776 233 234 which is a number specific for ZESTA project. • Visiting ZECO / ZESTA project office directly • During regular meetings held between communities and the Project; • Through the consultations with GRCs members at Shehia level which has been established in the affected Shehias. All grievances submitted through Shehia committees, will be registered and the Social Specialist will be informed within 24 hours. • Placing a comment in the suggestion box at ZECO • During survey on site, PAP may address his/her grievance to consultant direct. • Through communication directly with management – for example a letter addressed to site management, ZECO, Ministry of Finance and Planning, or other operational offices; • Directly by e-mail to ZECO-PIU web and emails zesta@zeco.co.tz or info@zeco.co.tz 10.2 Grievance Committees and management process ZECO has formulated a Grievance Redress Committees (GRCs) and conducted training for all GRCs members. Objectives of the training were to build capacity and make all GRCs members aware of the GRM system. The training also aims at informing them about their responsibilities during the implementation of this project. GRCs members were requested to make sure that all grievances, complaints and concerns are received, recorded in the register book, addressed and resolved in a fair, transparent and easily accessible manner in order to achieve the goals of restoring or maintaining positive relationships with affected persons/households and communities. This has been described in detail SEP (ZESTA SEP, 2023) The GRCs members at Shehia level will assess and work on the grievance and if not resolved they will forward grievances, complaints or concerns to another entity i.e ZECO level or District Level. If a grievance will not be resolved at the ZECO level or District will be channelled to the Regional Level and if not resolved will be channelled to the Ministry level which will later be forwarded to the court if not resolved. Both levels will have to resolve the grievance/complaints October 2023 128 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 within 3 to 5 days except the court which has its own way of handling cases. Before formulating these committees, ZECO had consultations with stakeholders at Regional, District and Shehia levels in order to seek their views and concern and be familiar with expertise and staff who are found within that level who can suit to be members of the GRCs. These committees will work closely with ZECO in handling all complaints/grievances associated with the project. The GRCs are as follows: - 10.2.1 Shehia Grievance committee At Shehia level GRM committees will involve the following members; -  Shehia  Secretary in the Shehia level  Religious Leader at Shehia level  Community Social Worker (to work with women, children and on GBV issues)  Influential Person (Should be among the PAPs)  Member – (Should be among the PAPs)  Police Inspector at Shehia level During resolution the Shehia Committee may seek advice from the ZECO Social Specialist who will always be there to provide any support needed by the Committee. The Committee will be required to resolve the grievance within a very short period of time. After receiving the complaint, depending on the complexity of the complaint, PAP will be notified the time frame and action to be taken within 3-5 days of receipt of the grievance and PAP will be given feedback in writing or phone depending on method used to submit the grievance. If at Shehia levels grievance remains unresolved, Shehia Committee will refer the grievance to ZECO office or District Council Office. 10.2.2 ZECO Grievance Committee All unresolved grievances from the Shehia level will be channelled to ZECO in order to be discussed and resolved. At ZECO level the committee will involve the following members; -  ZECO – IU Project Manager/Assistant Project Manager  ZECO - Site Engineers during construction  ZECO – IU Public Relation Officer  ZECO – IU Social Specialist / Social Focal Person  ZECO – IU Environmental Specialist  ZECO – IU Occupational Health and Safety Specialist during construction  ZECO – IU Gender Specialist / Gender Focal Person Depending on the type of grievance, ZECO General Manager and other Management Leaders may be invited in the resolution meeting. 10.2.3 District Grievance Committee All unresolved grievances from the ZECO level will be channelled to the District Commissioner Office in order to be discussed and resolved and the District Committee will be Chaired by the District Commissioner. At the District level the Grievance Committee will comprise of: - October 2023 129 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10  District Commissioner (DC)  District Administrative Secretary (DAS)  District Coordinator (Mratibu)  Office Commander District (OCD)  District Planning Officer  Agricultural Officer  Environmental Officer  Community Social Worker  District Security Officer  Valuer or Land Officer – Will be invited from the Ministry of Land if grievance received will be associated with Land issues such as ownership of land or compensation issues. Depending on the type of grievance, Project Manager/Assistant Project Manager and other ZECO-IU may be invited in the resolution meeting in order to shorten the process and resolve the issues within a short period of time. The District Committee will channel all unresolved grievance to the Regional level in order to be resolved. 10.2.4 Regional Grievance Committee At Regional level the committee will involve the following members; -  Regional Commissioner (RC)  Regional Administrative Secretary (RAS)  Labour Officer (If Grievance will be related with Labour issues)  Valuer or Land Officer – Will be invited from the Ministry of Land if grievance received will be associated with Land issues such as ownership of land or compensation issues.  Community Social Worker  Regional Security Officer/Representative  Member from Zanzibar Anti – Corruption and Economic Crimes Authority (ZAECA)  Regional Police Commander (RPC)  Regional Coordinator Depending on the type of grievance, Project Manager/Assistant Project Manager and other ZECO-IU may be invited in the resolution meeting. All unresolves grievances in the regional level will be channelled to the Ministerial level for resolution. 10.2. 5 Ministerial (MoWEM) Grievance Committee At Ministry level the committee will involve the following members; -  Principal Secretary – Ministry of Water, Energy and Minerals (MoWEM)  Principal Secretary – Ministry of Lands and Housing Development  Chief Government Valuer (CGV)  General Manager – ZECO  Project Coordinator – MoWEM  Project Manager – ZECO October 2023 130 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 Depending on the type of grievances, other members from different Ministries who are not mentioned here will be invited in the resolution meeting. 10.2.6 Grievance at land Tribunal Court • As Land Zanzibar Tribunal Court Procedure 10.2.7 High Court • As Court Procedure 10.3 Gender Based Violence (GBV) and Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Grievances The construction of the transmission line will entail major civil works as well as resettlement. These types of work will require a large labour force that may not be fully sourced locally as some of the construction workers may be brought from outside the project areas. More often the construction workers are male requiring to set up in the work camps for several months. The influx of labour requires a strategy for their management particularly with engagement with the community particularly the women and children. The resettlement processes also present risks for women being excluded in consultations and ultimate compensation. Some examples of gender based violence include; physical violence such as beating, punching, grabbing and killing with or without weapon, etc among others; sexual abuse includes the following; rape, dishonesty in relationship, forced unprotected sex, touching of private parts of a person without his/her consent, etc; economic abuse include lack of voice in economic rights, working for less pay, failure to own property that one deserves, trafficking of persons, denial of basic necessity e.g. food, denial of education as a basic right and early marriages. Most of these risks may be caused by influx of male workers during project implementation. But also experience shows that most women are hesitating to engage themselves in these types of civil works which leads to a very minimum number of female workers to enable critical mass and increases the risk of GBV and SEA amongst workers. GBV Specialist will support ZECO to sensitize all PAPs, project workers and other stakeholders interacting with the project. For GBV, SEA and SH names will not be indicated anywhere and there will be high level of confidentiality. All records for GBV/SEA/SH cases will be filed in a secure location with limited access to ensure confidentiality. Contractors needs orientation training on WB GBV best practice note. And they are expected to develop their own GBV action plan as well as Code of Conduct (CoC) to be used during the project implementation period to prevent and address workplace and community level GBV incidents. After recording GBV specialist will determine if it is related to the project development. All grievances related to the project development will be responded on the spot and offered immediate resolution while those non-project grievances will be submitted into different body/institution. 10.4 Reporting and record Keeping Reporting and feedback on GRM implementation will be made through normal project reporting. Project reports (progress, quarterly and annual) will include a dedicated section on October 2023 131 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 10 the GRM which will include number of complaints received, number of grievances resolved to the satisfaction of all parties within the proposed time frame, nature and categories of complaints, number of all complaints and any challenges in relation to the GRM. October 2023 132 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 11 11 IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET This Chapter presents the estimated RAP implementation high-level budget. 11.1 Budget Estimate An estimated budget for RAP execution has been created based on the relocation measurements detailed in Chapter 8. Itemized budgeting at this point of the resettlement process is vital to assist the project thorough arranging and resourcing earlier to the onset of execution activities. All cash compensation contained within the VRs & Compensation (see Chapters 5 and 8) has been included within the budget. In-kind and other entitlements (e.g., Livelihood Restoration) have been monetized for budgeting purposes. The estimated amounts of money necessary for compensating PAPs for their affected lands, trees, crops and structures are presented in Table 11-1. while the overall RAP implementation budget is presented in Table 11-2.The fund will be paid by the RGoZ Table 0-1: Compensation Budget UNDER ZANZIBAR LEGISLATION UNDER WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS12 Amount or Total Estimated Encroachers Transaction Disturbance13 Asset Acquisition number cost cost (10%) allowance 1 Land 653 2,519,964,000 198,596,401 29,789,460 2 Trees 69,762 6,165,666,926 57,642,850 3 Crops 5,452 992,799,125 561,400 4 Structures 548 3,218,665,415 160,312,750 5 Disturbance 15% 1,934,564,484 32,777,555 allowance14 14,831,659,950 251,294,555 228,385,861 15,311,340,366 Table 0-2: Overall RAP Implementation Budget S/N Budget Item Cost 1 Compensation Budget 15,311,340,366 2 RAP Implementation and Administration 673,284,417 3 Grievance Resolution Committees facilitation and GRM capacity building 185,153,215 4 Livelihood restoration program 1,510,000,000 5 Vulnerable Group support 336,642,209 6 Monitoring and Evaluation 302,977,988 12 ESS5 13 15 % of the transaction costs 14 The rate as per the Zanzibar regulation and practices October 2023 133 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 11 S/N Budget Item Cost 7 Contingencies 700,000,000 Total 19,019,398,195 October 2023 134 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 12 MONITORING AND EVALUATION 12.1 Introduction In order to better inform the management of project-related impacts, the RAP monitoring, evaluation, and reporting process will be integrated into a larger project-wide environmental and social management approach. The chosen performance monitoring indicators will be used to assess resettlement activities' inputs, outputs, and outcomes with the goal of providing feedback to the Project and the pertinent stakeholders on the RAP implementation procedure. The household level socio- economic and asset surveys completed for the creation of the RAP will be connected to the entire monitoring and evaluation process. The participation of the displaced people in the process will be crucial since the data from these surveys will serve as the baseline and indicators against which to monitor and evaluate progress. Monitoring and Evaluation of the impacts of resettlement will continue for a suitable amount of time determined by the project after all resettlement and related development activities have been completed. This crucial procedure will also confirm the degrees of success of livelihood restoration efforts. The following section outlines the framework for monitoring and evaluating the resettlement Monitoring and Evaluation procedures. 12.2 Monitoring and Evaluation Process The following are some of the M&E process' main objectives:  Validating the RAP's implementation's adherence to the existing laws and WB requirements;  Confirming that the livelihood restoration programs being implemented are sufficient and suitable for restoring previous levels of livelihoods;  Ensuring the continued management and redress of resettlement-related grievances;  Identify issues and triumphs right away to enable prompt corrections;  Ensuring that the execution of the right procedures are carried out; and  Evaluate the effectiveness, development, and impact of RAP implementation. In particular, the program will track progress with: (a) physical relocation; (b) compensation payments; (c.) livelihood restoration; and (d) status of vulnerable households. 12.2.1 Purpose of Monitoring Monitoring resettlement ensures that:  The RAP's actions and obligations are completely and promptly carried out.  People that qualify get paid in full within the predetermined time constraints; October 2023 135 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12  The commitment to improving or restoring livelihoods is acknowledged, tracked, and documented;  Strengthening or restoring livelihoods (both in terms of living conditions and income levels) through RAP initiatives and compensation measures;  Every effort is taken to ensure that PAPs who have been recognized as vulnerable can attend meetings or be advised separately if necessary and receive additional assistance (according to their vulnerability) in re-establishing their livelihoods;  Community-level repercussions are acknowledged, and mitigation strategies are put in place;  RAP practices are modified throughout implementation;  All additional land acquisition, crop compensation, and construction damage issues are recognized and taken care of while continuously monitoring construction activity; and  PAPs' complaints and grievances are investigated, and the necessary corrective measures are taken. 12.2.2 Purpose of Evaluation Evaluation programs serve the objective of providing focused, independent assessments of the overall success of the land acquisition at regular intervals, as opposed to monitoring. ZECO will use the following criteria outlined below as a framework for their methodical and impartial assessment of the RAP's implementation and outcomes. Criteria for RAP implementation and Outcome Effectiveness  Are the objectives of the development interventions being achieved?  How big is the effectiveness or impact of the project compared to the objectives planned? Relevance  Are we doing the right thing?  How important is the relevance or significance of the intervention regarding local and national requirements and priorities? Impact  Does the development intervention contribute to reaching the overall objective?  What is the impact or effect of the intervention in proportion to the overall situation of the target group or those affected? Efficiency  Are the objectives being achieved economically by the development intervention? How big is the efficiency or utilization ratio of the resources used? October 2023 136 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 Sustainability  Are the positive effects or impacts sustainable?  How is the sustainability or permanence of the intervention and its effects to be assessed? The following will be included in the proposed assessment programs in accordance with the aforementioned guiding criteria and further explained in the RAP Evaluation Framework in Table 12-1:  Analyzing monitoring results and taking appropriate action;  An evaluation of the key performance indicators established as part of the monitoring program, as well as emerging, midterm, and long-term development indicators;  Identification of any unanticipated hazards or issues that have not been effectively addressed; and  Recommendations intended to improve the achievement of resettlement goals and objectives and/or address problems that have been discovered. A system for gathering data, as well as the tools required to carry out the monitoring, must be established. A database will be created to store the data and enable comparisons between the monitoring events. The Project will be in charge of providing the staff, training, money, and facilities needed to implement the monitoring program and conduct any necessary external evaluations. The RAP implementation team will normally develop and implement monitoring programs with input from persons who may be affected as well as from other stakeholders. When all construction work is completed and the negative effects of resettlement have been handled in a way compatible with the goals outlined in the RAP and subsequent resettlement agreements, the monitoring operations will be deemed to be finished. October 2023 137 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 Table 0-1: RAP Implementation Evaluation Framework Data Question area Learning Questions Approach collection Are the livelihood restoration plan outputs This question will be addressed through a variety of activities, such as focus groups with Relevance relevant and well-conceived in light of national law PAPs and specific questions on relevance included in the monitoring of the RAP Internal ME and the World Bank's ESF? implementation team's activities. Have the outputs and associated activities been Contracts, travel, logistics, and other administrative data will be gathered for all RAP carried out efficiently and on time? activities in order to quantify the number of organizations, institutions, and individuals reached and the associated costs. Internal ME Have resources been used economically? Efficiency External Records of those who participate in and complete the offered training will be kept. ME. Does the use of resources justify the quantitative The total costs per person for adjustments to the outputs and associated activities will be and qualitative results? broken down and tracked. Through a combination of facilitated key informant interviews and focus groups on What changes in the attitudes, interactions, or important changes, these questions will be addressed. activities of the primary service providers and PAPs during resettlement is the project bringing These will be administered in conjunction with all PAPs, members of the host community, about? and important district stakeholders. Internal ME What degree of success and contribution to these According to the goals of national legislation, the World Bank's Environmental and Social Effectiveness changes can the RAP outputs claim? Framework (ESF), and with the help of the evaluation and monitoring framework output indicators, they will provide information on general changes in the capacities and External ME What obstacles and restraints impacted the behaviors for generating income and a living. They will also make it possible to spot any outcome? unanticipated effects that the resettlement may have, either directly or indirectly. What can be inferred from this up to this point, In addressing these queries, direct contributions to gender equity and women's what changes might be made, and by whom? empowerment will also be taken into account. October 2023 138 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 Data Question area Learning Questions Approach collection What steps have been taken to restore sustainable livelihoods as a result of resettlement and livelihood interventions and investments? The RAP approach, the relevance, and the efficiency and effectiveness inquiries regarding the outputs will all be summarized in the answers to these questions. These How well-off are project participants, households, will serve as the metrics for the output indicators as well. and communities now as a result of community development activities? By reviewing internal progress reports, holding additional focus group discussions, and Impact External ME conducting key informant interviews to gauge changes and results, the RAP will be Are there any broader positive or negative effects assessed and tracked in accordance with the output areas. on the communities of resettlement, and if so, what are they? In order to evaluate the impact of the RAP, the completion audit will also be framed by these questions. Is there cooperation on matters involving access to land? How much is the intervention helping PAPs A combination of RAP evaluation, project-level outcome and output monitoring by the External ME improve their ability to generate income, improve RAP implementation team and outside consultants will provide the answers. Data will be Sustainability their assets, and integrate into the community disaggregated to reflect different groups, including women, children, and youth, and where they are being resettled? PAPs will be included in all stages of data collection and feedback provision. Internal ME October 2023 139 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 12.2.3 Types of Monitoring and Evaluation Four (4) types of M&E will be conducted as part of the RAP implementation, consisting of: 12.2.3.1 Process Monitoring The effects of the resettlement implementation process on the PAPs, PAHs, and host communities are monitored internally through this monitoring activity. By doing the following, it guarantees effective resettlement implementation management.  Identifying and swiftly putting into practice corrective measures;  giving participants in the programs a chance to honestly assess their work and take stock;  Formulating improvements; and  Enabling those involved in the implementation, who often have first-hand knowledge of the flaws and are keenly aware of them. When land acquisition notices are issued, the monitoring and evaluation process will begin. It will last until the project's construction phase is complete. The quality of the services and construction will be evaluated, and progress made will be compared to the deliverables that were intended. The RAP implementation team will deliver a report to the pertinent teams so that accountable individuals and/or groups can respond appropriately (including corrective actions and/or improvements), as necessary. As a minimum, the following components will be monitored:  Community consultations implemented and on-going;  Grievance procedures in place and functioning (claims addressed);  Transfer of entitlements and compensation payments disbursed;  Transitional support program monitoring;  PAPs identified as vulnerable;  RAP implemented in line with RAP principles, procedures and timeframes;  RAP funding for livelihood restoration is implemented fairly and transparently;  Progress with income restoration and development activities; and  Monitoring and evaluation reports submitted. Indicators associated with the process monitoring are set out in Table 12-2. A monitoring plan will be established by the RAP implementation team who will refine relevant elements in the RAP. October 2023 140 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 Table 0-2: Monitoring Matrix Component Information Indicators Monitoring Frequency Activity Source  Number of households physically resettled including: Physical - resettled to replacement houses Resettlement. (where selected); - Resettled who selected cash compensation. Monthly for Economic  Number of households economically Implementation Process process Resettlement. resettled. management monitoring. monitoring, bi- records generated annual for Compliance  Number of PAPs to whom the by the Project and compliance monitoring. compensation packages have been / or RAP monitoring and implementing Completion once off for disclosed. audit. agent. completion  Number of households that have audit. signed the compensation agreement.  Number of households that have received their cash compensation payments and other entitlements.  Number of households allocated Compensation. replacement houses if applicable. PAP specific qualitative and  Compensation has been delivered to quantitative Annual for all as per entitlements and can be compared to Compliance compliance demonstrated to have achieved baseline monitoring. monitoring and replacement. information and Completion once off for  Has community infrastructure been GIS records, VRs, audit. completion replaced? direct site audit. observation, photos, interviews.  Household demographic profile.  Educational status of household members. Demographic  Health status of household Monitoring Changes to members. survey Annual PAPs esp.  Food security. Baseline survey. conducted by compliance impacted compliance monitoring. households.  Asset ownership. monitor.  Access to services.  Land holding.  Income and expenditure.  Number of households allocated replacement land. Replacement  Number of residual titles processed Quarterly for land and plots. and handed over to owners. Implementation Process process  Number of households who have management monitoring. monitoring, bi- purchased replacement land/ plots records generated annual for Compliance by the Project and compliance  Number of households enrolled for monitoring. / or RAP monitoring and the livelihood restoration program. implementing Completion once off for Livelihood  Status of on-going income agent. audit. completion Restoration. restoration activities. audit.  Food security of PAPs from handover to 6-months. October 2023 141 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 Component Information Indicators Monitoring Frequency Activity Source PAP specific qualitative and Annual for quantitative Compliance compliance compared to monitoring. monitoring and  Have livelihoods been restored? baseline Completion once off for information and audit. completion GIS records, direct audit. site observation, photos, interviews. Monthly for Implementation of Process process  Number of vulnerable households management monitoring. monitoring, bi- supported during the transition records generated annual for period. Compliance by the Project and compliance monitoring.  Type of support given to vulnerable / or RAP monitoring and implementing Completion once off for households. agent. audit. completion audit. Vulnerability. PAP specific qualitative and Annual for quantitative Compliance compliance compared to  Evaluation of assistance given to monitoring. monitoring and baseline vulnerable categories. Completion once off for information direct audit. completion site observation, audit. photos, and interviews. Monthly for  Number of grievances received. Implementation of Process process  Number of grievances resolved. management monitoring. monitoring, records generated bi-annual for  Number of grievances pending. by the Project and Compliance Grievances. compliance  Number of Project grievances / or RAP. monitoring. monitoring and forwarded to the Court. Implementing Completion once off for agent. audit. completion audit. RAP  RAP entitlement delivered in a Implementation Monthly for Process Completion timely fashion to works contractor management process monitoring. Schedule. and to budget. records. monitoring. The Project and / or RAP. Annually for Implementing Compliance  Use of data and logical storage. compliance agent records, monitoring. Data monitoring and  Accessibility of files and security. analysis and Management. Completion once off for  Completeness of records. interviews – audit. completion generated by audit. compliance monitoring. Analysis and Annual for interviews – Compliance compliance generated by monitoring. Lessons monitoring and  Overview of lessons learned. compliance Learned. Completion once off for monitoring and audit. completion completion audit audit. report. 12.2.3.2 Compliance Monitoring This kind of monitoring aims to determine whether resettlement implementation is accomplishing the main goals outlined in the RAPs and LRPs. Based on both of the following October 2023 142 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12  quantitative monitoring using subsequent socioeconomic surveys to compare alterations in household characteristics to initial conditions (reported in Chapter 5); and  Monitoring that is participative or qualitative and involves talking to different parties to get their opinions. Compliance monitoring will be on-going during RAP implementation and will:  Provide the Project with an assessment of socio-economic and other impacts arising from the resettlement process;  Determine the impact of, and responses to, livelihood restoration activities;  Monitor the adaptability of households, vulnerable households; vulnerable ethnic groups; and  Identify adjustments in the implementation of the RAP, and the need for corrective action plans. Tasks to be undertaken will include:  Review of the RAP, overall Environmental and Social Management Plan, and other relevant project papers, including internal monitoring reports and overall Environmental and Social Impact Assessments for the Project;  Review of the Grievance Register and actions taken in response to grievances;  Reviewing compliance at regular intervals during the implementation process;  Discussions in-depth with Project personnel, including the implementation team, the stakeholder engagement team, and contractors;  Consultations with every household that was relocated, and eventually a stratified sample, to determine whether each household can resume its previous way of life;  consultations with a representative group of those who have filed complaints;  Discussions with district and Shehia leaders (in the form of focus groups or key informant interviews);  Discussions with any civil society organizations engaged in livelihood restoration efforts, as well as any that emerged or identified themselves throughout the implementation phase. 12.2.3.3 Completion Audit An independent third party will carry out a completion audit to confirm that the RAP implementation complied with the requirements and improved or restored the PAPs' standard of living. Implementation will be evaluated in light of the criteria established in the Monitoring and Evaluation framework, earlier reporting, and the initial socioeconomic baseline at the completion audit. The following are the main goals of the completion audit:  Evaluate the efficacy of mitigation strategies by contrasting the project's actual effects on people and land with those described in the RAP; October 2023 143 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12  Confirm that all obligations and rights outlined in the RAP have been met;  Ascertain whether the PAP's level of living and means of subsistence have been improved or restored as a result of RAP initiatives;  Check on any systemic grievances that may have been left outstanding; and  Identify any corrective actions necessary to achieve completion of RAP commitments. Indicators to be evaluated will include (but are not limited to):  Changes in livelihood strategies and sources of income;  Changes in status of vulnerable households (adaptability);  Changes in agricultural yield / produce (quantity / quality) and income from farming;  Changes in small business activities / economic activities other than agriculture;  Changes in household income and expenditure patterns;  Changes in health patterns / incidence of diseases; The completion audit will also set out the terms of reference for the Ex-post evaluation. 12.3 Reporting Monitoring reports will be prepared and are likely to include, but not be limited to, (per monitoring type):  Process monitoring: Internal monthly reports on the status and problems of the project. These reports will be used by the technical team and project management, and any suggested remedies and mitigating actions to address problems will be included.  Compliance monitoring: Following resettlement, an impartial observer will evaluate how the RAP implementation is going. Thereafter, it should be carried out at least yearly, with a critical compliance audit to be performed after a predetermined amount of time. As part of continual monitoring, PAPs will receive pertinent feedback, such as through the ZECO or Shehas, and the necessary government authorities will receive monitoring results needed for any regulatory purposes.  Completion audit: This work will be finished after implementation. This audit will be carried out by a sufficiently qualified, impartial third party. The resettlement program will be regarded finished once the completion audit is finished and any necessary remedial measures have been completed. The Project will now stop monitoring resettlement, but it may opt to do a post-project assessment. The project team will make all necessary arrangements to ensure stakeholder participation during the monitoring phase in terms of continuing monitoring. By doing so, the Project will make an effort to include impartial third parties or to enable community participation in monitoring, where possible and acceptable by the communities in question. October 2023 144 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Chapter 12 As for reporting, the Project will set up consistent routes for informing the communities and people who may be affected and concerned, whether through non-technical summaries of progress updates, engagement activities, or open meetings. October 2023 145 Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Appendices Appendix A: Survey Questionnaire Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Enumerator Information Good morning/ afternoon. My name is ………………………………………., I am an interviewer for Paulsam Geo engineering Company, that were contracted by the Zanzibar Electricity Corporation to prepare a Resettlement Action Plan for a wayleave corridor (Right of Way) that have been earmarked for the construction of transmissions line. The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the socio-economic conditions of persons who will be affected by the Project. The information will also guide the Project implementers in proper planning and monitoring of land acquisition and resettlement activities. The information provided will remain confidential. Your participation is valuable to the study and we would appreciate if you and your family would spend some time with us answering the following questions. 1 Name of Enumerator Signature: 2 Telephone number of Enumerator Outcome of Interview Interview 1 Date DD / MM / 2022 Start time HR / MIN End Time HR / MIN Result of 01 Complete 02 Incomplete I_I_I Interview Name of local Council Guide Telephone number of Local Council Guide Data Collection Information Project Affected Person (PAP) Valuation number: Name of PAP …………………………………….. Region: .……….. a. West Urban b. North Unguja c. South Unguja District: ………………………………. a. West A b. North A c. North B d. Central 1|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 e. South Shehia; Nganani Gamba Tunguu Muyuni ‘A’ Hawaii Chutama Cheju Muyuni ‘B’ Michikichini Matemwe kusini Bungi Muyuni ‘C’ Mtofaani Kilombero Kikungwi Kijini makunduchi Muembe Pangeni Unguja Ukuu Mchomeke Kaebona Mwera Upenja Pete Kinyasini Ubago Pagali Kikobweni Koani Bambi Chaani Kubwa Dunga kiembeni Mpapa Chaani mcheza Dunga bweni Mitakawani shauri Chaani masingini Binguni Mchangani Kibuteni Muungoni Kitogani Date: ……………… Nationality of the PAP a. Tanzanian b. Arab c. Kenyan d. Ugandani e. Comorian f. Other (specify) .............................................. What type of Identification card does PAP have ……….. a. National ID b. Passport c. Company ID d. Shehia ID e. Voter ID f. Driving Permit g. NSSF Card h. National ID Enrolment i. Other (specify)………………….. j. None Is PAP the head of the household? Y/N 2|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 If not the head of household, what is the name of the household head? ……………………. Gender of Household Head (Male / Female) Mobile number of HHH: ........... Name and surname of person interviewed (Representative of HHH): Gender of person interviewed if not HHH (Male /Female) Mobile number of interviewed person if not HHH ……….. Relationship of person interviewed to HHH a. Spouse of household head ................................... b. Son/ daughter of household head ........................ c. Son-in-law/ daughter-in-law of household head ... d. Grandchild of household head .............................. e. Parent of household head .................................... f. Parent-in-law of household head .......................... g. Brother/ sister of household head ......................... h. Cousin of household head .................................... i. Grandparent of household head ........................... j. Adopted/ foster/ step child of household head ..... k. Other relative ........................................................ l. Not related but dependent .................................... m. Other (specify) ...................................................... Total number of people in the household ……………… Other valuation numbers belonging to individuals in the household………. Household demographics Is this household part of a polygamous household? Y / N If yes, state the number of wives: ………………. Household number of related polygamous households …………………. Where are these households located? a. Within the Project Right of Way (ROW) b. Outside the Project Right of Way (ROW) c. Don’t Know d. Another Region e. Another District f. Another Shehia g. Others (specify) Do you have any orphans in your household? Y/N If yes, how many? …….. PAP home language: a. Swahili b. Unguja 3|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 c. Pemba d. Tumbatu e. English f. Other (specify) ………………. PAP Ethnicity: a. Hadimu b. Tumbatu c. Unguja d. Pemba e. Other (specify) PAP Religion: a. Islam b. Christian c. Animism d. Other (specify) What is the household principal mode of transportation used to travel to, a. Work (On foot, Bicycle, Bus, Car, Own Motorbike, Boda boda, Public transport, Other (specify)) b. Shops (On foot, Bicycle, Bus, Car, Own Motorbike, Boda boda, Public transport, Other (specify)) c. Health services (On foot, Bicycle, Bus, Car, Own Motorbike, Boda boda, Public transport, Other (specify)) d. School (On foot, Bicycle, Bus, Car, Own Motorbike, Boda boda, Public transport, Other (specify)) Residency and tenants Has the household always lived in this Shehia? Y/N If not, for how many years has your household lived in this Shehia? ………….. Where did you move from? a. Same Shehia b. Another nearby Shehia c. Another District d. Another Region (specify) e. Another Country (specify)______________ What was the main reason for migrating? (Multiple responses allowed) a. Marriage b. Grazing Land c. Farming d. To find a job e. For education f. Internal Displacement g. War/genocide h. Other (specify)_______________________ Who gave the household permission to live on this land? a. Land Board b. Landlord c. Local Council d. Employer 4|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 e. Government f. No one g. Other (specify)_______________________ Does the household pay to stay on this land? Y/N Does the household pay to stay on this land? Y/N Who does the household pay to stay on this land? a. Land Board b. Landlord c. Local Council d. Government e. Other (specify)______________________ What is the ownership status of the house you are living in and affected by the Project? a. Owned as personal property b. Rented c. Care taking d. Other (specify) …………………… What is the occupancy status of the affected residential structure a. Not occupied b. Owner occupied – primary residence c. Owner occupied – secondary residence d. Tenant occupied e. Business f. Institutional structure g. Other (specify)______________________ What is the roof structure of the main house made of? (Please get the answers from the valuation form) a. Iron sheets b. Grass thatched c. Polythene d. Tins (debe) e. Tiles f. Concrete Asbestos g. Other (specify) ___________________ What is the wall structure of the main house made of? (Please get the answers from the valuation form) a. Mud and wattle b. Mud blocks c. Burnt bricks d. Cement plastered e. Other (specify) __________________ What is the floor structure of the main house made of? (Please get the answers from the valuation form) a. Earth b. Cement screed c. Concrete Slab d. Tiles e. Wooden Frames f. Other (specify) ___________________ How many rooms in total does your house have?...................... What is the general condition of the house (inside) 5|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 a. Good b. Fair c. Poor d. Very Bad What type of house repair work, if any, is frequently carried out? a. Roof repair b. Wall maintenance c. Floor Maintenance d. Broken water pipes e. Broken sewerage pipes f. Cracks g. Seepage h. Other (specify) ______________________ i. None Besides this one, does the household have another home? Y/ N ……………. If yes, how many other homes do you have? If yes, where is this other home? ………….. If yes, where is this other home? ……………… a. On the same Shehia b. Another nearby Shehia c. Another District d. Another Region If yes, is the house affected by the project? Y/N How much time do you spend on each home? How many rooms does the house have? Are there tenants accommodated on the property? Y / N If yes, number of tenants being accommodated? Are any of the tenants’ migrant workers? Y / N . If yes, number of migrant workers accommodated? Is the property used for business purposes? Y/ N If yes, specify type of business? ........... a. Small trading from shop b. Mechanical Workshop c. Salon d. Other (specify) ______________________ Do you keep records for this business? Y/N If yes, what type of business records do you keep? (Multiple answers allowed) 6|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 a. Business Plan b. Income Statement c. Balance Sheet d. Stock Book e. List of Debtors f. Receipt Book g. Expenditure Records h. Audited Books of Accounts i. Other (specify)____ Dwellings and structures Do you have physical structures on the land affected by the Project? Y/N How many structures do this household have/own? Indicate how many of each structure make up this homestead: Type of How many? To what extend are Structure? they affected by the project? (Wholly affected, partially affected, not affected) Residential Only Multi- functional residential buildings Commercial Building Mud hut/Tradition structure Batiments (square building with corrugated iron roof) Kitchen Only Livestock Kraal Poultry Coup Parking Garage 7|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Toilet Only Storage Building Family Graves Other (Specify) Water, sanitation and energy What is the main source of water for your household during the dry season? (Multiple answer allowed) Uses Source of water 1 Domestic 2 Drinking 3 Livestock 4 Production/ Commercial 5 Irrigation Choose from list below a. Private hand-dug well b. Public hand-dug well c. Rain water harvesting d. Communal boreholes e. Tap water from Zanzibar Water Authority f. Protected spring g. Unprotected spring/well h. Gravity Feed i. River, lake, stream, swamp j. Household connection k. Public hand pump/boreholes l. Privately owned boreholes, yard taps m. Vendor n. Other (specify)___________________ o. None What is the main source of water for your household during the wet season? 8|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Uses Source of water 1 Domestic 2 Drinking 3 Livestock 4 Production/ Commercial 5 Irrigation Choose from list below a. Private hand-dug well b. Public hand-dug well c. Rain water harvesting d. Communal boreholes e. Tap water from Zanzibar Water Authority f. Protected spring g. Unprotected spring/well h. Gravity Feed i. River, lake, stream, swamp j. Household connection k. Public hand pump/boreholes l. Privately owned boreholes, yard taps m. Vendor n. Other (specify)___________________ o. None How long does it normally take you to collect water (there and back) in the dry season? ….. Domestic …………………………. Drinking …………………………. Livestock …………………………. Production/Commercial ………….. Irrigation ………………………….. How long does it normally take you to collect water from the nearest source (there and back) in the wet season? Domestic …………………………. Drinking …………………………. Livestock …………………………. Production/Commercial ………….. Irrigation ………………………….. Do you normally treat water for drinking? Y/N What method do you normally used to treat drinking water? a. Boiling b. Add water treatment tablets c. Wait to settle d. Water filter cloth e. Other (specify) …………………… f. Nothing – we don’t treat the water 9|Page Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 How do you store your drinking water? a. In special water buckets b. Any buckets c. Covered clay pot d. Other (specify) ………………… e. Do not store What type of toilet facility does this household use on most days? Does the household share this toilet facility with another household? Y / N What is the waste disposal system used by your household? a. Communal Waste Pit/ Landfill b. Private waste pit at household c. Burn waste d. Bury waste e. Compost organic waste f. Feed waste to animals g. Throw in bushes h. Other (specify) …………… Does this household have access to electricity? Y/N What energy does the household mostly use for lighting? a. Electricity b. Biogas c. Processed Gas d. Solar Panel e. Kerosene f. Firewood/ charcoal g. Other (specify) ……………. What is the main source of energy for Cooking? a. Electricity b. Biogas c. Processed Gas d. Solar Panel e. Kerosene f. Firewood/ charcoal g. Other (specify) Household members and gender How many individuals does this household comprise (excluding tenants)? How many children do this household comprises in gender basis? Number of Male children …………………. Number of Female children ………………….. Are they given equal chance in household, e.g school? Is there any person who is a leader in the government or any other institution? Mention Who is likely to be most familiar with the everyday activities of the child/children? …………………. Who is accountable for the 10 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Domestic work, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Fetching water, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Taking care of children daily, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child ….. …… .... Fetching firewood, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Food preparation, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Health seeking for household members, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Farming (planting, weeding), Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Harvesting cash crops, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Livestock rearing, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Working for outside income, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Marketing produce (crops/livestock), Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Deciding how to use income, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child Attending village meetings, Men/Women/Boy Child/Girl Child In your household, who controls the use of? Land, Men/Women Domestic Equipment (bicycle, tools), Men/Women Labour, Men/Women Cash generating, Men/Women Outside income, Men/Women Asset ownership, Men/Women Basic needs provision, Men/Women Education, Men/Women Only for persons 5 Only for persons 15 years and years and older older Age or Date of Birth Highest education Primary activity (if Valuation number Employable skills Disability/serious household head Relationship to formal employment Marital status Able to read? specify location) Secondary completed Attending school? Gender activity illness Name 11 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Only for persons 5 Only for persons 15 years and years and older older Age or Date of Birth Highest education Primary activity (if Valuation number Employable skills Disability/serious household head Relationship to formal employment Marital status Able to read? specify location) Secondary completed Attending school? Gender activity illness Name Single 1 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A /Married Single 2 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A /Married Single 3 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A /Married Single 4 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A /Married Single 5 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A /Married Married 6 (Monoga M / F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A mous) Married 7 (Polygam M / F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A ous) Single 8 (never M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A married) Widowed 9 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A Divorced 10 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A Living Together/ 11 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A Cohabitin g Married 12 (Monoga M / F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A mous) 13 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A 14 M/F Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N W/A Q120 123 Q125 Q127 Q128 Q129 01. Household 01. Hearing 01. No 01.Under 5 01.Housewife/Car 01. Administration Head (HH-H) (Diff) Education years, in er 02. Commercial 02. Spouse of 02. Vision 02. No school 02. Crop Farmer Farmer HH-H (Blindness) education but 02. Under 5 03. Livestock 03. Artisanal Goods 03.Son/Daugh 03.Speaking literate yrs, not in Farmer 04. Maker ter of HH-H 04. Physical 03. Madrassa school 04. 05. Baking and 04. 05.Psychologi 04. Nursery; 03. Student Fishermen/Wome Cooking Son/Daughter cal/psychiatri KG 04. Retired n 06.Carpenter/Wood -in-law of HH- c. 05. Primary (with Pension) 05. Unemployed, working H 06. Autism (P1 – 4) 05. Retired not seeking work 07. Weaving 05. Spouse’s 07. Memory 06. Primary (without 06. Unemployed, 08. Animal trapping 12 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 relative 08.Developme (P5 – 7) Pension) seeking work 09. Shoe making 06. Grandchild ntal 07. Junior 06. 07. Government 10. Woodcutting of HHH 09. Delay School Housewife/ca Employee 11. Commercial 07. Parent of 10. Other 08. Secondary rer 08. Private Fishing HH-H (specify) (S1 – 4) 07. Crop employee 12. Engineering 08. Parent-in- …………… 09. Secondary Farmer 09. Teacher 13. Mechanics law of HH-H … (S5 – 6) 08. Livestock 10. Tutor (vehicle repair) 09. 11.None 10. Vocational Farmer 11. Own Business 14. Computer Skills Brother/Sister 12. Not 11. Diploma 09. 12. Daily Wage 15. Construction of HH-H known 12. Fishermen/W Earner 16. Electrician 10. Undergraduat omen 13. Trader 17. Plumber Brother/Sister e 10. 14. Salesman 18. -in-law of HH- 13. Graduate Unemployed, 15. Working Tourism/hospitality H 14. Post- not seeking Abroad 19. Teacher 11. Niece or graduate work 16. Other (Specify) 20. Shop Nephew of 15. Under 5 11. ____ Keeper/trader HH-H yrs, not in Unemployed, 21. Accounting 12. Cousin of school seeking work 22. Business HH-H 16. Not 12. Management 13. applicable Unemployed 23. Security Grandparent 17. No due to 24. Driver with of HH-H response. disability Licence 14. 18. Not 13. 25. Sewing/tailoring Adopted/foste known Government 26. Hairdressing r/step-child Employee 27. Nurse 15. Not related 14. Private 28. Other (specify but dependent employee 16. 15. Teacher Relationship 16. Tutor exists, but not 17. Own specified Business 17. Friend 18. Daily 18. Tenant Wage Earner. 19. 19. Salesman Maid/domesti 20 Trader c worker 21. Working 20. Other Abroad (specify) 22. Others (Specify) What is the family living arrangement? b. Single family living in a compound c. Single family living in a single house d. Borrowing/Caretaking/Renting Household e. Polygamous Family in a single compound f. Polygamous family in a single house g. Other (specify) ………………………... What social services are available close to the alternative land? a. School b. Church c. Mosque d. Spiritual sites 13 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 e. Hospital/health Centre/dispensary f. Shops and Market g. Milling machines h. Government administrative offices i. Water infrastructure j. Police station k. Bank/credit facilities How far are the services? (in km) a. School________ b. Church________ c. Mosque d. Spiritual sites e. Hospital/health Centre/dispensary ____ f. Shops and Market ________ g. Milling machines ________ h. Government administrative offices i. Water infrastructure j. Police station k. Bank/credit facilities Mention the social services that require to cross the power line corridor? 14 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Land Tenure and Cultivation Does your household currently have access to land? If no, please provide reason. a. Not enough money to rent land b. Not enough land available c. No need for land d. Other (specify)__________________ If yes, how many pieces of land does this household have access to ……………. For each piece of land please fill the following information How many km from the current home? What is the exact location? a. Affected by the Project b. Nearby Shehia c. Another Shehia d. Another District e. Specify What type of ownership does the household have over the land? a. Land owner with land title b. Land owner without land title c. Registration receipt d. Purchase agreement e. Tenancy agreement f. Customary agreement g. Other (specify) ………….. What is the piece of land used for? a. Residence b. Crop Farming c. Animal rearing d. Poultry e. Fishing f. Forestry g. Extraction (quarry) h. Bee keeping i. Business j. Industry k. Recreation l. Rented out m. Graves n. Not used o. Other (specify) …………….. How long has the land been used by the household (years) ……….. Estimated number of acres …………… 12 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Number of acres cultivated ……………… What crops does this household cultivate? Crops /Trees Cassava Citrus Potato Coffee Rice Pawpaw Beans Pumpkin Banana Yam Jackfruit Maize Black pepper Red Pepper Olive Black paper Ginger White Sorghum Tomato Banana Egg plant Lettuce Red Sorghum Orange Green legume Carrots Peanuts Cloves Groundnuts Cardamom Cinnamon Watermelon Cowpea Melon Cotton Okra Onion Mango What are the 5 main crops which were grown by your household in the last season? Mention Number of sacks produced in the last 6 months (State Number) Do you sell the product of this crop/ tree Y/N …………. If Yes, Number of sacks sold (State Number) ………….. How much per kg/ Sacks …………....... Would you say that farming produces the a. Principle food source for this household or b. Supplementary food source for this household? c. Neither Would you say that farming produces the a. Principle cash income for this household? b. Supplementary cash income for this household? c. Neither Were any fields that are normally used for cultivation left uncultivated this season? Y/ N 13 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 If any fields were left uncultivated, why were they not cultivated? (Multiple responses allowed) a. Resting No rain late rain b. Not enough financial resources c. No seeds to plant d. No farming implements e. Shortage of labour f. Birds/animals eating the crops g. Pest/crop diseases h. Encumbrances on Land i. Other (specify) ……………………………. What tillage method do the household mostly use? a. Hand hoe b. Manual Labour c. Ox ploughing d. Tractor e. Other (Specify) Have you ever been visited by an extension worker within the last 2 seasons? Y/ N If yes, how many times? Answer with the number of visits Do you know where the extension worker came from? Y/ N If yes, where did they come from? a. NGOs b. Government c. Cooperative Union d. Family donations/ Friends/ Neighbours Loans e. Loans from private companies f. Other (specify) ………… Has your household received any agricultural extension services during the last two seasons? Y/ N If yes, specify where you received it from? a. NGOs b. Government iliunganika na NGO c. Cooperative Union d. Family donations/ Friends/ Neighbours e. Loans from private companies f. Others (specify) ……….. Did the household use any of the following modern inputs during the last season? (Multiple responses allowed) a. Improved seeds b. Fertiliser c. Improved breeds of livestock d. Tractor e. Ox-ploughs f. Irrigation g. Agricultural credit h. Other (specify) ……………… Which of these do you normally use? (Multiple responses allowed) a. Irrigation 14 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 b. Manure c. Fertiliser d. Other (specify) …………………… 15 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Natural Resources Does your household collect natural resources? Y/N What Type of Natural Resources do you collect? a. Firewood b. Charcoal c. Bamboo d. Honey e. Forest food products f. Bush meat/ Birds g. Fish h. Medicinal plants i. Construction wood j. Thatch/ straw k. Wetland products l. Rock bed/ stone quarry m. Ceramic material n. Soil/ earth o. Other (specify) ………… How often does your household collect each natural resource? a. Daily b. Weekly c. Seasonally d. Never Does your household sell these natural resources? Y/N If yes, how much did you get from selling of Natural resource products ………………. 16 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Livestock Does this household own livestock? Y/N What livestock are kept by this household? Mention ……………… Is this Livestock for commercial or food purposes used for a. Business only b. Domestic use only c. Both Business and Domestic use Who in your household is responsible for herding/feeding/taking care of [LIVESTOCK] that are owned by the holder? a. Young male b. Young female c. Any one d. Specify Is there a special area set aside for feeding / grazing in the Shehia? a. Yes b. No c. Specify If yes, how long do you take to reach to the area? a. 20 minutes b. 40 minutes c. 60 minutes Are there any changes on your livestock keeping for the past three years? Y/N If yes, what are they? _______________ 17 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Marketing of produce Do you sell part of the crop and livestock produce, goods and services? Y/N If yes, where do you sell the majority of your produce, crops or animals? a. At home (Individual buyer) b. At the Village (During market day) c. Surrounding villages d. Surrounding town Who transports these products regularly to the market? a. Male adult b. Female adult c. Boy child d. Girl child e. Nobody What is the principal mode of transport used to take your goods to where they are sold? a. Bicycle b. Bus c. Car d. Animal drawn cart e. Motorbike f. Truck g. Head loading h. Other public transport i. Other (specify) …………………. How long does it take you to transport your goods to where it is sold? (Answer in minutes) ………….. What are the challenges you face when marketing your goods? a. Low prices b. Poor road conditions c. Distance to market d. Excessive production e. Low bargaining power f. Other (specify) Are there any changes on the selling of the produced crops for the past three years? Y/N If yes, what are they? ______________ 18 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Expenditure How much did your household spend on the following items in the last month? Rank the 5 most Est. Amount during important items (1 Expenditure item last month for entire most important – 5 household (TZS) least important) Food Clothes Water Household energy Education Furniture Agriculture inputs Medical expenses Livestock expenditure House payments (rent/mortgage) Vehicle payments Transport Entertainment Cigarettes and alcohol Personal care items (soap, shampoo etc) Newspapers/stationary, stamps Child care Household maintenance Telephone airtime Other (Specify) How much (Money) did your household spend in total during the last month? Tshs……………. 19 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Food shortage Was there a shortage of food during the past three years? Y / N If yes, circle the months: Jan / Feb / March / April / May / June / July / Aug / Sept / Oct / Nov / Dec What was the most important reason for food shortage? What was the most important reason for food shortage? a. Drought b. Flooding c. Lack of income d. Animals destroy crops e. Lack of access to markets f. Insufficient labour g. Shortage of land h. Lack of access to land i. Sold food for cash j. Bad luck/ witchcraf k. War / Conflict l. Specify How do you cope when the household does not have enough food to eat? (Multiple response allowed) a. Sell assets b. Migrate to other places c. Work for food d. Serve children first e. Borrow money/ food f. Take food from friends/ relatives g. Eat less food at each meal h. Rely on aid/ charity i. Others (specify) …………………….. Health and Gender Based Violence Generally when members of this household get ill, where do they go for medical attention? a. District hospital b. Public health centre c. Private sector health facility d. Local Clinic/ Private Nurse e. Traditional therapist/ healer f. Self-treat/ medicate g. Do not normally have treatment h. Other (specify) ………………… How long do household members need to travel to get to this facility (minutes)? What problems does your household experience when accessing health services? a. Quality of care b. Poor medical supplies c. Inadequate staffing d. Costs are too high e. Lack of tertiary health services f. Other (specify) ______________________ Is there a household member who has a chronic disease or disability? Y/N 20 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 If yes, what type of chronic illness or disability? a. Hearing (Diff) b. Vision (Blindness) c. Speaking d. Physical e. Psychological/psychiatric. f. Autism g. Memory h. Developmental Delay i. Other (specify) ……………………. j. None k. Not known How many of the household members have experienced any of the following conditions in the last three years? 21 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Health condition Number Treatment method affected mostly used (last 3 (Modern – M; years) Traditional – T; Both -B) Cholera M/ T/ B Tuberculos M/ T/ B is Hepatitis B M/ T/ B Bilharzia M/ T/ B Diabetes M/ T/ B Respirator y M/ T/ B illness/asth ma Heart M/ T/ B disease Typhoid M/ T/ B STDs (incl. M/ T/ B HIV) Hypertensi M/ T/ B on Liver M/ T/ B sclerosis Malaria M/ T/ B Diarrhoea M/ T/ B Intestinal M/ T/ B worms Joint M/ T/ B diseases Eye M/ T/ B infection Stomach M/ T/ B ache Diphtheria M/ T/ B Edema M/ T/ B COVID-19 M/ T/ B Did any household members die in the past 3 years, due to one of the following conditions? Health problem Number COVID-19 Abdominal pain/vomiting 22 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Articular pain Coughs Diarrhoea Gun accident Jaundice Leprosy Malaria Meningitis Mining accident Malaria Pneumonia Phlebitis (inflammation of a vein) Unknown Did any of the household members experience any of the following problems with a pregnancy in the past 3 years? Problem Y/N Stillborn Y/N Premature birth (more than 3 Y/N weeks) Baby died within 2 weeks of Y/N birth Baby born with serious Y/N abnormalities Does your youngest child have a vaccination / Clinic card? Y / N………… Have you ever heard of HIV/AIDS Y / N .......... I don’t want to know the result, but have you ever tested for HIV? Y / N………… Are condoms available in your community? Y/N Have you ever heard of COVID-19? Y / N .......... Are medical services related to women’s reproductive health available in your area? Y / N Are family planning services available in your area? Y / N If yes, what type of family planning service available in this Community a. Pills. b. Male and Female Condoms. c. Contraceptive implant. d. Contraceptive injection. Is your household visited by a community health worker? Y/ N How many times has the community health worker visited in the last six months? (Give answer as a number) Have you heard about Gender based violence? Y/N 23 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 If yes, what is the main causes of gender-based violence in this community/society (Multiple response is allowed) a. Social b. Economic c. Cultural /Harmful Traditional Practice d. Political e. Religious f. Sexual Violence g. Physical Violence h. Emotional and Psychological Violence What are the most practiced gender based violence in your community a. Femicide (the murder of women because they are women) b. Domestic and sexual violence c. Female genital mutilation or cutting d. The sexual exploitation of girls at school e. Trafficking for prostitution f. Others (Specify) Are there any provisions which restrict women’s access to health services? Y/N. (Please specify) Is the gender perspective included in national health-related policies: Y/N Have there been any fears of crime among women and men in this Community (over the last 5 years)? Y/N a. Murder b. Assault c. Arson. d. Child abuse. e. Domestic abuse. f. Kidnapping. g. Rape Is the marriage by consent of persons below 18 years (Child marriage) is allowed upon parental approval and administrative decision by the court Y/N Is the marriage by without the consent of persons below 18 years (Child marriage) is allowed upon parental approval and administrative decision by the court Y/N Is female genital mutilation (FGM) practiced in your Community? Y /N Are there any provisions in criminal law that treat women and men unequally with regard to:- h. Sentencing for the same offence, i. Especially capital punishment (Death penalty), j. Stoning (lapidation), k. Lashing, l. Imprisonment, etc. What are the Health consequences of physical, psychological, sexual and economical gender-based violence a. Incidence of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted deceases b. Drug abuse c. Alcohol addiction d. Legal abortions e. Earth resulting from legal abortions f. Illegal abortions 24 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 g. Death resulting from illegal abortions What are risk factors for violence in this Community? a. Poverty b. Family violence c. Exposure to media violence d. Availability of weapons e. Drug abuse, f. Membership in gangs g. Others (Specify) Is the perpetrator of domestic violence always a man or a woman? How does domestic violence affect your community? Effects Y/N Cause death, illness, injury and disability to a victims Cause dismantling of family units Increase in orphans Increase in street children Cause Moral breakdown Increase number of homelessness In your Community there are Social protection programmes supporting Men / Women survivors of domestic violence? Y/N 25 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Vulnerable group In this household do you have a vulnerable people? Y/N If yes, what is the kind of vulnerable people? (Multiple response allowed) a. Children b. Pregnant women c. Elderly people d. Malnourished people e. Prisoners f. Migrants and refugees g. People who uses drugs h. People who are ill i. Others (Specify) Access type of vulnerability that have been identified a. Human-social b. Physical c. Economic d. Environmental What are main problem facing the vulnerable people in your house a. Lack of access to regular income and work b. Declining physical and mental capacities c. Dependency within the household d. Lack of access to basic health and education services e. Migration and labour market opportunities In your community there are effective and constant monitoring and evaluation of the contextual situations of each vulnerable group? Y/ N To each Vulnerable group observe, Individuals/households living in poor quality homes and neighbourhoods that lack adequate provision for water, sanitation, drainage and garbage removal The persons doing the ‘dangerous' tasks within households (generally wom en and children) Income-earners with particularly hazardous work Groups facing discrimination in obtaining adequate incomes, housing and basic services; in many societies, particular ethnic groups or castes face discrimination in all these. High education level of household members Did the government engage to facilitate poorest and most vulnerable groups to access public services eg. health and social protection? Y/N There are any Government institutional that supporting vulnerable groups? Y/N If Yes, what are these Government supporting Institutional? a. TASAF b. NGO’s c. CBO’s d. Cooperate Societies 26 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Part N: Social Networks and Support Do you have friends/relatives in and around this Shehia that you feel at ease with and can talk to about personal life? Y/ N ………………………….. Do you get any social support assistance from them? What type of Support do you get from them? a. Financial assistance b. Borrowing money c. Transport d. Taking care of sick household members e. To find work/job f. Cultivate fields g. Share equipment/tools h. Share food i. Counselling j. Comforting k. Other (specify) Does the household rely on any formal or informal financial services? Y/N If yes, which financial services do you benefit from? (Multiple responses) a. Loans from family and friends b. Mutual Credit Bank c. Microfinance credit d. SACCOS e. Youth Livelihood Fund f. CBO/ NGO g. Financial Literacy training h. Other (specify) ……………… Was there a shortage of money during the last 12 months? Y/ N If yes, for how many months was there a shortage? ………… What was the reason for the shortage of money ……………… 27 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Needs analysis What problems are this household facing Rating (Assign1 to Problem most urgent and 5 least urgent) Employment problems Lack of skills Health care facilities Education / schools Crime / violence / vandalism Child abuse Illegal land uses Eviction from land Bad roads/ bridges Access to markets for goods Problems with refuse / rubbish removal Electricity Diseases Conflict Housing Access to agricultural inputs Land for agriculture Recreational facilities Access to business centres / shops Transport problems Hunger / nutrition Drug abuse Alcohol abuse Water for drinking – availability Water for drinking - quality Water for irrigation Problems with sewerage Prostitution What are the five households’ most urgent needs? Rating (Assign 1 to most Need urgent and 5 least urgent) Bridge Foodstuffs 28 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Rating (Assign 1 to most Need urgent and 5 least urgent) Water Clinic Schools Agricultural equipment Maternity clinic Police station Skills training Employment Do you have a bank account? Y/N If yes, which bank? a. CRDB b. NMB c. NBZ d. PBZ e. Other (Specify) If no, which bank do you prefer to open an account? a. CRDB b. NMB c. NBZ d. PBZ e. Other (Specify…….) Livelihood, Income and Moveable asset Does the household have a cash income? Y/ N Is the household mostly engaged in cash generating or food producing activities? a. Cash generating activities b. Food producing activities c. Neither Both Who is the main cash income provider? What is the income provider’s main source of income? a. Salary b. Selling of farm crops c. Fishing 29 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 d. Hunting e. Selling of Charcoal f. Whole seller/ rental shop g. Selling of Livestock Product h. Selling of natural resources product i. Selling of Bakery product j. Carpentry k. Artisanal Mining l. Other (specify) …………. What is your estimate of your household’s total income during the last month (in come from all sources) ………………….(Tshs) How many of this item does the household Item currently own that are in working order (write 0 if none) a. Cell phone b. Radio c. DVD player d. Satellite dish e. Seeder f. Mortar gold panning g. Gold washing carpets h. Small manual mill i. Television j. Sewing Machine k. Refrigerator/freezer l. Motor cycle m. Car/Van n. Tractor o. Donkey cart p. Rickshaw q. Bicycle r. Firearm s. Canoe t. Wheelbarrow u. Fan v. Personal computer w. Kettle x. Solar Panel y. Electric/gas stove z. Washing machine aa. Gas lamp bb. Dish washer cc. Bank account dd. Hand grinder ee. Coal/paraffin stove ff. Bed gg. Furnace hh. Generator ii. Plough drawn by oxen jj. Table kk. Chair, bench, stool ll. Furnished living room 30 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Source of Information Where do you normally get information from? (Multiple responses allowed) a. Radio b. TV c. Internet d. Newspapers e. Magazines f. Religious Congregations g. Public Meetings/gatherings h. Word of Mouth (neighbour, friends, relatives) i. Mobile phones j. Public Speakers k. Local Leaders l. Functions (rituals, funerals, weddings etc.) m. Other (specify)________________ Project Impact What are your main expectations regarding the proposed ZESTA Project? That it will a. Create employment b. Create opportunities for local businesses c. Bring development Projects d. Improve local infrastructure (roads etc.) e. Help to build schools, community facilities f. Other (specify in space below Do you have any worry, fear or concerns about compensation and resettlement? Y/N What are your main concerns regarding the proposed ZESTA Project? That it will a. People will be displaced from their land b. Not being compensated at full replacement value c. Displacement before compensation d. Delayed compensation e. Loss of compensation to fraudsters or thieves f. Short eviction notice g. Loss of current sources of production-based activities/ resources h. Disruption of access to social services i. Uneconomical residual land j. Logistics involved in resettlement k. Finding land of equal locational advantage in the vicinity l. Restoration of livelihoods in the new area m. Cost of restoring infrastructure 32 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 n. Processing the land title for presentation to valuers o. Availability of social facilities in new area p. Pollution due to construction works q. Restricted access during construction r. Failure to restore the existing access roads s. Effect of labour camps on our communities t. Loss of neighbourhood relations and ties u. Jobs will be given to outsiders v. Lots of outsiders will enter the area w. Loss of traditional values x. It will impact water resources y. There will be lots of disturbance (noise, dust, traffic) z. Other (specify in space below) Are you willing to relocate your house to another area if required? Y/N Are you willing to relocate your agricultural activities to another area if required? Y/N What type of compensation would you prefer? a. Cash b. Another similar property/land If you relocate, what are the most important factors (opportunities) that attract you to such an area? a. Land (crop and grazing) b. Natural conditions (physical/ environmental) c. Water resources d. Economic opportunities e. Education services f. Health services g. Social environment and networks h. Political Condition i. Transport j. Urbanisation k. Other (specify) Wards xxx ..................................................................................................1 xxx ..................................................................................................2 Other (specify) ................................................................................3 Shehia/settlements xxx ..................................................................................................1 xxx ..................................................................................................2 Other (specify) ................................................................................3 Relationship of person interviewed to HHH Household head ..............................................................................1 Spouse of household head .............................................................2 Son/ daughter of household head ...................................................3 Parent or parent-in-law of household head ......................................4 Other (specify) ................................................................................5 PAP home language: 33 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Swahili ............................................................................................1 Unguja ............................................................................................2 Pemba ............................................................................................3 Tumbatu .........................................................................................4 English ............................................................................................5 Other (specify) ................................................................................6 PAP Ethnicity: Hadimu ...........................................................................................1 Tumbatu .........................................................................................2 Unguja ............................................................................................3 Pemba ............................................................................................4 Other (specify) ............................................................................. 10 Religion Islam ...............................................................................................1 Christian .........................................................................................2 Animism ..........................................................................................3 Other (specify) ................................................................................4 Nationality Tanzanian .......................................................................................1 Arab ................................................................................................2 Kenyan ...........................................................................................3 Other (specify) ...............................................................................4 If yes, where is this other home: Same village ...................................................................................1 Other Village in this District (specify Shehia) ...................................2 Other District in this Region (specify District)...................................3 Other Region (Specify Region) .......................................................4 Other Country (specify Country) ......................................................5 Type of business Petty trading....................................................................................1 Mechanical Workshop .....................................................................2 Salon ..............................................................................................3 Other (Specify)................................................................................3 Where water is MOSTLY obtained from? Communal well ...............................................................................1 Individual well .................................................................................2 Government provided water (community tap/standpipe)..................3 River, stream or creek .....................................................................4 Borehole .........................................................................................5 Stream ............................................................................................6 Improved well or pump ....................................................................7 Dam/pool/rain tank ..........................................................................8 Water vendor ..................................................................................9 Other (specify) .............................................................................. 10 Toilet facility No Toilet facility ..............................................................................1 Pit latrine.........................................................................................2 Flush toilet ......................................................................................3 Other (specify) ................................................................................4 Type of energy mostly Generator .......................................................................................1 Solar panel .....................................................................................2 Public Electricity..............................................................................3 Charcoal .........................................................................................4 Flashlight/Batteries .........................................................................5 Kerozene ........................................................................................6 Butane Gas .....................................................................................7 Candles ..........................................................................................8 Wood ..............................................................................................9 Cow dung ..................................................................................... 10 Paraffin ......................................................................................... 11 Other (specify) .............................................................................. 12 Relationship to household head Household head ..............................................................................1 Spouse of household head .............................................................2 Son/ daughter of household head ...................................................3 34 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Son-in-law/ daughter-in-law of household head...............................4 Grandchild of household head ........................................................5 Parent of household head ...............................................................6 Parent-in-law of household head .....................................................7 Brother/ sister of household head....................................................8 Cousin of household head ..............................................................9 Grandparent of household head .................................................... 10 Adopted/ foster/ step child of household head ............................... 11 Other relative ................................................................................ 12 Not related but dependent ............................................................. 13 Other (specify) .............................................................................. 14 Marital status Married ...........................................................................................1 Divorced .........................................................................................2 Widowed .........................................................................................3 Single .............................................................................................4 Living together ...............................................................................5 Child ...............................................................................................6 Error! Reference source not found. Lives here full time ..........................................................................1 Lives here part-time (more than 5 days per month) ........................2 Lives here irregularly (less than 5 days per month) .........................3 125. Highest education None ...............................................................................................1 Xxx .................................................................................................2 Xxx .................................................................................................3 Employable Skills Driving ............................................................................................1 Operation of heavy equipment ........................................................2 Mechanical skills .............................................................................3 Electrical skills ................................................................................4 Electronic skills ...............................................................................5 Plumbing.........................................................................................6 Builder/ construction .......................................................................7 Carpentry ........................................................................................8 Computer operating ........................................................................9 Administrative/ clerical .................................................................. 10 Warehouse/ storekeeping ............................................................. 11 None of the above......................................................................... 12 No access to farming land Not enough money to rent land .......................................................1 Not enough land available...............................................................2 No need for land .............................................................................3 Other (specify) ................................................................................4 Crops/plants Cassava..........................................................................................1 Rice ................................................................................................2 Yam ................................................................................................3 Corn................................................................................................4 White sorghum ................................................................................5 Red sorghum ..................................................................................6 Peanuts/groundnuts ........................................................................7 Cowpea ..........................................................................................8 Cotton .............................................................................................9 Onion ............................................................................................ 10 Tomato ......................................................................................... 11 Lettuce .......................................................................................... 12 Carrots .......................................................................................... 13 Cotton ........................................................................................... 14 Coffee ........................................................................................... 15 Beans ........................................................................................... 16 Potato ........................................................................................... 17 Pumpkin........................................................................................ 18 Maize ............................................................................................ 19 Pimento ........................................................................................ 20 Aubergine ..................................................................................... 21 Green legume ............................................................................... 22 Watermelon .................................................................................. 23 Melon ............................................................................................ 24 Okra.............................................................................................. 25 Mango .......................................................................................... 26 35 | P a g e Social and Resettlement Services for Physically displaced PAPs: Socio-economic Household Survey 2022/02 Banana ......................................................................................... 27 Orange.......................................................................................... 28 Citrus ............................................................................................ 29 Papaya ......................................................................................... 30 Other (specify) .............................................................................. 31 If any fields were left uncultivated, why were they not cultivated? Resting/ lying fallow ........................................................................1 No rain ............................................................................................2 Late rain..........................................................................................3 No seeds to plant ............................................................................4 No farming implements ...................................................................5 Shortage of labour ..........................................................................6 Birds/ animals eat the crops ............................................................7 Pests/ crop disease.........................................................................8 Other (specify) ................................................................................9 Main income provider Head of household ..........................................................................1 Spouse of head of household..........................................................2 Someone related to the household head living in this homestead ...3 Someone related to the household head not living in this homestead .......................................................................................................4 Someone not related to the head of the household .........................5 Main income provider source of income Farming ..........................................................................................1 Fishing ............................................................................................2 Shepherding ...................................................................................3 Hunting ...........................................................................................4 Driving ............................................................................................5 Apprentice ......................................................................................6 Mechanic ........................................................................................7 Shop owner ....................................................................................8 Military service ................................................................................9 Livestock seller ............................................................................. 10 Baker ............................................................................................ 11 Butcher ......................................................................................... 12 Carpenter ...................................................................................... 13 Gold Panning ................................................................................ 14 Other (specify) .............................................................................. 15 Health Facilities Public hospital/clinic ........................................................................1 Private hospital/clinic ......................................................................2 Health centre ..................................................................................3 Private nurse...................................................................................5 Traditional therapist/healer ..............................................................6 Did not seek treatment ...................................................................8 Other (specify) ...............................................................................9 Needs analysis Not a problem .................................................................................1 It is a problem, but does not influence my quality of life ...................2 It is a problem and it affects my quality of life ..................................3 36 | P a g e Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Appendices Appendix B: Compensation Rates Resettlement Action Plan for the 132 kV Transmission Line and Associated Substations Appendices Appendix C: Issues and Comments from Stakeholders 3.0 ISSUES/COMMENTS AND RESPONSES Action Stakeholder Responded Follow up S/N Issue/Comment Response needed Name & Title by: required from Asumin No We do this so that you can be Kantinga Questioned why the leaders should start aware of the areas in which the Muhidin Machano (Lead 1. shown the project areas first instead of ZESTA project going to take over No (Sheha –Jumbi) Stakeholder People affected direct by the project. and be able to identify the land engagement owners. ) On the existing 33 kv power line there are ZECO will provide us with Bukuku No areas where people were compensated Amour Pandu coordinates for all Grant 2. their land as an orphan land. But now they Mkombe (Sheha – compensated areas on the Lwitiko No returned to the areas continuing with Bambi) existing 33kv power line to (Senior human activities. How will this be treated? avoid double compensation. Valuer) The owner of the land will be No Bukuku compensated for their What compensation for tenants with Grant Ali Yussuf Mussa permanent trees/ structure and 3. seasonal crops gets compared to the land Lwitiko No Sheha – Binguni the right of use of the land and owners with permanent trees (Senior the tenant will be compensated Valuer) to their belong He requested ZECO to pay fair Adam Muhsin As it has been stated that, No Eng. Maulid 4. compensation which reflect actual market Amour ZESTA project will be No Shirazi value as it describe in the presentation (Sheha-Uroa) implemented with the financing from the World Bank. ZECO (ZESTA – have to comply with the World Project Bank standards and manager) 5requirements with regards to the agreement everything will be done as agreed It is well known that the No government may terminate any right of occupancy on ground of national interest provided that the government shall, market value compensation for the land and any unexhausted Amuri Haji Manzi, improvement thereon, Yususfu Swalehe Kassim and Rajabu – Compensation will be paid to development Therefore both land and other 5. Pascal P Nyakamwe Stakeholder No on land only (like trees) or even land? unexhausted improvement on (Stakeholder – engagement Tunguu) land (like trees) will be paid –Paulsam compensation. For that case land holders will be required to provide supportive documents for their rights of occupancy (legally or customary documents. Rashid Khamis Ali Yususfu No Wanted to know whether tenant will be Both Land occupier and 6 (Stakeholder – Rajabu – No entitled for the compensation payments Tenants will be entitled for the Tunguu) Stakeholder compensation based on the engagement assets/properties ownership –Paulsam In this case, compensation No arrangements will depend on Yususfu Ali Shabani the size of the orphaned land Rajabu – Wanted to know whether orphan land will 7 (Stakeholder – and legislation. But these will Stakeholder No be entitled into compensation Tunguu) be evaluation on a case-by-case engagement basis –Paulsam I do not have a direct answer, Aisha Omari No Before construction activities start, ZECO Rashid Khamis Ali but guidance will be given Makame 8 will allow cutting the trees from affected (Stakeholder – immediately after (Project No land? Tunguu) compensation being paid. coordinator- ZECO) In Zanzibar, legally all the land No is declared to be public land and is vested in the president. Martha The government may Ndomba terminate any right of (Stakehoder Haji Khamis Fundi occupancy on ground of How do you assure that we are going to be engagement 9 (Stakeholder – national interest provided that No paid compensation? –PaulSam Kitogani Shehia) the government shall pay Geo- market value compensation for engineering the land and any unexhausted Co. Ltd) improvement thereon. But as per Zanzibar land law’s requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be entitled to be paid compensation based on a fair market value of the land occupied. Let me assure you that, you will be paid fair compensation and compensation will be paid prior to construction activities to begin. As per that concern, ZECO is No Preparing a Resettlement Aisha Omari Action Plan which will restore You told us not to continue with the Haji Khamis Fundi Makame the livelihood of the Project 10 agriculture activities in the project allocated (Stakeholder – (Environme No Affected Person and mitigate area, don’t you see we are going to be poor? Kitogani Shehia) ntal Officer any adverse impact which may –ZECO) occur. According to the Zanzibar land Suleiman No laws, the compensation shall Faki Khamis be equal to the fair market (Planning Compensation payment should reflect the Haji Khamis Fundi value of the land and any officer from 11 No real market value? (Kitogani Shehia) improvement thereon. Zanzibar Chief Based on that Contractors Governmen conducted Market research t Valuer) survey/ studies for housing and constructions cost in the project allocated Shehia early 2022. The market research or studies is aimed to get actual value of the land and unexhausted improvement made on land based at the time of the order of determination. For the crops and trees which are entitled to be paid compensation, Chief Government Valuer office provide the compensation schedule with value of crops and trees for compensation. The rates have been amended in 2021. As per Zanzibar land laws Suleiman No For those who are using Village government Hassan Ali requirement the holder of the Faki Khamis land and don’t have the right of occupancy Mshamba 12 right of the occupancy shall be (Planning No document, will they paid compensation on (Stakeholders – entitled to be paid officer from the cultivated crops and trees? Kitogani) compensation based on a fair Zanzibar market value of the land and Chief any improvement thereon. Governmen t Valuer) In that case both land occupier and Tenants with crops, trees or any unexhausted improvement/dwellings on affected land will be entitled to be paid compensation based on the assets/properties owned. As per Zanzibar land laws requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be Suleiman entitled to be paid Faki Khamis Hassan Ali compensation based on a fair (Planning I have a bare land, without planted even a Mshamba market value of the land and officer from 13 pawpaw. In that case the land will be No (Stakeholders – any improvement thereon. Zanzibar compensated? Kitogani) Chief Supportive documents for the Governmen rights of occupancy shall be t Valuer) submitted for the confirmation. Suleiman No Since man made borehole is the Faki Khamis Is the man made borehole will also be KHaji Khamis Fundi unexhausted improvement 14 (Planning No compensated? (Kitogani Shehia) made on land, it will be valued officer from to be paid compensation. Zanzibar Chief Governmen t Valuer) Since the cut off date has already been announced and this means a period of limitation in relation to any proceeding relating to valuation. Therefore, Compensation shall Asumin be provided for unexhausted Kantinga Suleiman Juma improvement on the land with (Stakehoder May I continue with farming of seasonal Suleiman value determined at the time engagement 15 crops like cassava and paddy after the cut- No (Stakeholder – of the order of determination –PaulSam off date? Kikobweni Shehia) (Before cut off date) Geo- engineering You should bear in mind that, Co. Ltd) after cut off date any improvement or development that will be made on land will not be entitled for the compensated. As per Zanzibar land laws Asumin No If the project has passed through the Tuliani Ame Ali requirement the holder of the Kantinga residential plot, will I be compensated for Stakeholder – No right of the occupancy shall be (Stakehoder cash or In kind compensation (plot for plot) Kikobweni Shehia entitled to be paid engagement compensation based on a fair –PaulSam market value of the land and Geo- any improvement thereon. engineering Co. Ltd) cash compensation is more preferable compared to in kind compensation. But if it is necessary to provide in kin compensation, terms and conditions must be complied with World Bank requirement. Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation Since the cut off date has No already been announced and this means a period of Asumin limitation in relation to any Kantinga proceeding relating to Suleiman Juma (Stakehoder May I continue with farming of seasonal valuation. Suleiman engagement 16 crops like cassava and paddy after the cut- No (Stakeholder – Therefore, Compensation shall –PaulSam off date? Kikobweni Shehia) be provided for unexhausted Geo- improvement on the land with engineering value determined at the time Co. Ltd) of the order of determination (Before cut off date) You should bear in mind that, after cut-off date any improvement or development that will be made on land will not be entitled for the compensated. As per Zanzibar land laws requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be entitled to be paid compensation based on a fair market value of the land and Asumin any improvement thereon. Kantinga cash compensation is more (Stakehoder If the project has passed through the Tuliani Ame Ali engagement 17 residential plot, will I be compensated for Stakeholder – preferable compared to in kind compensation. But if it is –PaulSam cash or In kind compensation (plot for plot) Kikobweni Shehia necessary to provide in kin Geo- compensation, terms and engineering conditions must be complied Co. Ltd) with World Bank requirement. Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation Bukuku It will be better if he come. but Ramadhani Ali Haji Granti My brother live abroad, may I represent if it is not possible you can be his Lwitiko – 18 No No him? (Stakeholder – representative after your Senior Dunga kiembeni) brother give you the power of valuer attorney Whiteknites It is well known that the No government may terminate any right of occupancy on ground of national interest provided that the government shall, market value compensation for the land and any unexhausted Bukuku Mohamedi Nassoro improvement thereon, Granti (Stakeholder – Lwitiko – 19 Compensation will be made to bare land? Therefore bare land will be No Dunga Kiembeni Senior Shehia) paid regarding the size of land valuer affected by project Whiteknites For that case land holders will be required to provide supportive documents for their rights of occupancy (legally or customary documents) The project has already started No Yussuf Mussa Haji since 31. December 2022. 20 When the project will start? (Stakeholder – No Dunga Kiembeni) But the project implementation is the process with a series of activities. As for now contractors are at site collecting data for the preparation of Resettlement Action Plan Report. Since the cut-off date has been announced today, this means No the period of limitation in relation to any proceeding relating to valuation. Upon commencement of valuation a Bukuku My plot has been affected by the project person shall not add or Granti Yussuf Mussa Haji while construction activities are taking improve anything to the land or Lwitiko – 21 (Stakeholder – No place. Could I continue with the such premises allocated to be Senior Dunga Kiembeni) construction activities? acquired after cut-off date. valuer Whiteknites As per laws requirements compensation shall be provided for unexhausted improvement on the land present before cut-off date. Mohamed Mussa No After the implementation of the project, For the security purpose it is Vaileth Haji 22 may I go back to my land continuing using not allowed to do any human Kimaro – No (Stakeholder – the land for short term crops like vegetable? activities under the high Social Dunga Kiembeni) voltage transmission power Scientist line. World bank Asumin No They will be needed during Kantinga Juma Haji Sauli When do the rights of occupancy surveys at site. (Stakeholde 23 (Stakeholder – No documents be needed? r Chaani kubwa) engagement – Paulsam) Asumin No Kantinga Who will be responsible to introduce the Juma Haji Sauli Both land lord and Sheha will be (Stakeholde 24 Tenant to the RAP Survey team?, Sheha or (Stakeholder – No responsible r land lord? Chaani kubwa) engagement – Paulsam) ZECO has recognized it, and by Vaileth No Advised ZECO and RAP Consultant to have a Ali Juma Omari now contractor is on site Kimaro 25 best plan for the Resettlement before (Stakeholder – collecting data which will (Social No acquiring land. Chaani kubwa) enabling in the preparation of scientist – the best plan. World bank} Asumin No Kantinga Wanted to know if his secretary could Ameir Khatib Haji Yes, you can sent your secretary (Lead 26 attend the demarcation exercise on his Sheha-Kijini No on your behalf. Stakeholder behalf. Makunduchi engagement ) Mussa Juma Asumin No Wanted to know where do powerline will Surveyors will visit each 27 Mbwato Kantinga No pass in the Kijini Makunduchi Shehia impacted Shehia and show Sheha – Muungoni (Lead where the powerline corridor Stakeholder passes. engagement ) At this moment Resettlement No Action Plan (RAP) Contractor don’t have direct answer, But Market research report has Asumin already been submitted to the Kantinga Mussa Juma Government Chief Value and Wanted to know whether the bare land (Lead 28 Mbwato one of the things that needs No without any crops will be compensated Stakeholder Sheha – Muungoni clarification is on compensation engagement payments for the bare land ) (undeveloped land). RAP team will turn back to you once the answer to the matter has been provided. Yusufu No Mango trees which are inside the power line Rajabu corridor and it happen the mango is ripped Ali Pandu Khatibu Yes, it will be allowed to harvest (Stakeholde 29 No before establishment of the project, ZECO (Sheha-Muyuni B) the fruits but not to cut the tree. r will allow to harvest the mangoes? engagement ) Yusufu No He wanted to know if under the This is not allowed, as you kow Rajabu transmission power line there are the trees 132kv is high voltage. It is not (Stakeholde 30 and crops which did not reach the line (that Sheha – Kijini No preferred to continue with any r is short compared the height of the tower) human activities. engagement would them left. ) Project impact may including, No  Total loss of land and its improvements /Dwellings  Aesthetics impacts  Culture impacts Aisha  Noise and Light impact Omari. Hasnuu Hassan – What are the impacts of the project to the during construction Makame 31 Stakeholder No surrounding communities? phase (ZECO- Muungoni In relation to that ZECO did Environmen Environmental Impact t Officer) Assessment and come with the Mitigation measure to reduce and minimize any harmful impacts. As per Zanzibar land laws No requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be entitled to be paid Lwitiko compensation based on a fair Grant He has the rights of occupancy over the Iddi Khamis Ali – market value of the land and Bukuku 32 affected land but he lease the land to Stakeholder any improvement thereon. (Senior No someone who cultivates the seasonal crops. Muungoni Valuer In that case both land occupier Whiteknites and Tenants will be entitled for ) the compensation based on the assets/properties ownership Land holders will be required to provide supportive documents for their rights of occupancy. Employment opportunities, No including both short term in Aisha O. Mohamed Hamis constructing related activities He reminded ZECO to consider employment Makame Haji and long term employment 33 opportunity to the youth surrounding the (ZECO- No Stakeholder – related to maintaining the project affected area. Environmen Muungoni infrastructure and distributing t Officer) electricity will be provided. Yes, Compensation shall be p for unexhausted improvement on the land. The Chief Government Valuer of Kikuba Khamis Mcha Apart from seasonal crops, trees will also be Zanzibar provided the crops and 34 (Stakeholder – No No paid compensation? trees compensation schedule Muungoni shehia) amended year 2021 to be used. The schedule contained with all the trees of economic value entitled for the compensation. The project has already started Aisha No since 31. December 2022. Omary. Hasnuu Hassan Makame 35 When the project will start? (Stakeholders – No But the project implementation (ZECO- Muungoni) is the process with a series of Environmen activities. t Officer) As for now contractors are at site collecting data for the preparation of Resettlement Action Plan Report. But bear on your mind that no one will be required to vacate the land before He/She has been paid compensation and given notice to vacate. Aisha O. No Hamisi Rashid Salum Makame What is the source of electricity that will be 36 (Stakeholder – The source will be Solar energy (ZECO- No generated, is it Solar or Wind? Muyuni B) Environmen t Officer) Lwitiko No Grant The width is 30 m. The electric Mohd Abdalla Shaka Bukuku What is the width of the corridor for the towers will be at the middle. 37 (Stakeholder – (Senior No 132kv electricity infrastructure? Muyuni B) Valuer Whiteknites ) Since the cut-off date has been Lwitiko No Ali Makame Ngonga announced today, which means Grant This morning I went to plant my cassava 38 (Stakeholder – the period of limitation in Bukuku No stems, to me it’s a surprise. Muyuni B) relation to any proceeding (Senior relating to valuation. Upon Valuer commencement of valuation a Whiteknites person shall not add or improve ) anything to the land or such premises allocated to be acquired after cut-off date. As per laws requirements compensation shall be provided for unexhausted improvement on the land present before cut- off date. The 132 kv will not be supplied No direct into the house, it will be Ali J. Ali Makame Ngonga This 132kv is the high voltage electricity, dropped down up to 33kv. Mpandu 39 (Stakeholder – No Now we are going to die. But we have to take precautions (ZECO – Muyuni B shehia) with electricity as we all know Surveyor) electricity kills. Yes, A s per laws requirements No compensation shall be Zuber Said provided for unexhausted Rashid improvement on the land (Research Ali Ameir Simai present before cut-off date. I planted the potatoes seedling few days Officer - 40 (Stakeholder – Pete No ago. Will I be paid compensation? Since the cut-off date has been Chief Shehia) announced today, this means Governmen the period of limitation in t Valuer relation to any proceeding Office) relating to valuation. Upon commencement of valuation a person shall not add or improve anything to the land or such premises allocated to be acquired after cut-off date. Yusufu No Rajabu Risasi The RAP Surveys has already (Stakeholde Haji Machano Ali started and the field teams are r 41 Wanted to know when will RAP Survey start. No (Stakeholder –Pete) at Binguni and Tunguu Shehia Engagement continue wth the surveys. Paulsam Geo- engineering Co.) Yes, compensation will be made to both land lord regarding to He has been using a land for 25 years now; Mohamed Hassan the right of occupancy on land the land contains permanent trees and the Mohamed 42 and the tenant who has been No No seasonal crops. He wanted to know if he will (Stakeholder -Pete using that land having any be compensated for his Seasonal crops. shehia) unexhausted improvement made on that land. Employment opportunities, No Requested ZECO to consider employment Aisha O. Juma Maganga including both short term in 43 opportunity to the youth surrounding the Makame No Stakeholder – Pete constructing related activities project affected area. (ZECO- and long term employment related to maintaining the Environmen infrastructure and distributing t Officer) electricity will be provided After the demarcation of the No land required by the project, Asumin People affected by the project Kantinga How do the representatives from the will be identified therefore the Sheha – Mwembe (Lead 44 People affected by the project will be Sheha will have a meeting with No mchomeke Stakeholder obtained. the affected persons whereby engagement from those the two ) representatives will be selected. The existing plan is to avoid No Among the structures that will be impacted Zahoro Hamis – affecting the institution 45 will only be residential houses or even Mwembe infrastructures as much as No Madrasa and School will also be impacted. Mchomeke possible. But if it does happen ZECO will look the way forward. No. ZECO have all data and Asumin No In the existing 33kv power line, Some coordinate for the existing Kantinga people were paid compensation and now Bahati Issa Jecha – 33kv. Therefore for those who (Lead 46 No are returned will they be compensated Mchikichini Shehia were compensated for the Stakeholder again? existing 33kv will not be engagement compensated again. ) Yes, feasibility study has been Vaileth No For the 132 Kv transmission power line done and that 30 m is enough. Kimaro Idi Khamis Mpemba 47 infrastructures, 30m corridor is enough for On addition to that ZECO will (Social No – Hawaii Shehia the security purpose. fence all power generation scientist – station and substation thus will World bank} increase security and make sure no any human activities will take place. On addition to that the infrastructures will be automated with socket breaker in case of electric short. She requested ZECO to provide education to ZECO will ensure education to Salama Omari the public regarding the health and the puplic is provided so as to Surveyor 48 Ibrahim – Mwembe environment impact which may be be aware with the project (ZECO) mchomeke associated with project. impact Asumin No Kantinga I have a mdoriani tree, After Valuation may Juma Abdalla Ali You are not allowed, to cut the (Lead 49 No I cut the tree (Sheha –Upenja) tree until you are paid Stakeholder engagement ) Yes, the Project planned to No connect to the 378000 Vaileth Wanted to know whether Binguni Majaliwa Suleiman households with no electricity Kimaro 50 Community will get connected to the Vuai – Stakeholder so anyone wishing to be (Social No passing electricity power? Binguni Shehia connected with the electricity scientist – may submit the application to World bank} ZECO Yusufu No Daudi R. Mwinyi– Few days later, as now RAP Rajabu When will RAP field activities start in this 51 Stakeholder Binguni team are in Dunga Kiembeni Risasi No Shehia proceding with the survey Shehia (Stakeholde r Engagement Paulsam Geo- engineering Co.) The period of notice to vacate Vaileth No Daudi R. Mwinyi– will be arranged by ZECO. By Kimaro After being paid compensation, the notice 52 Stakeholder Binguni now we call not tell how long (Social No to vacate will be for how long? Shehia will noticed be. scientist – World bank} Bukuku No Grant After being paid compensation, I will be Salum Majaaliwa– No, The notice to vacate will Lwitiko 54 allowed to remove my assets like iron sheet, Stakeholder Binguni elaborate what you require to No do. (Valuer cutting trees etc? Shehia Whiteknites ) Bukuku No Ali Shauri Mussa, Yes, any one with the right of Grant Unconstructed plot will be paid Rajabu Ali Rajabu – occupancy over the land will be Lwitiko 55 No compensation? Stakeholder Binguni compensated for the right of (Valuer Shehia use. Whiteknites ) Yes, PAPs will be accessed Bukuku No Grant In kind compensation for the impacted Rukia Hassan– based on the eligibility criteria. Lwitiko 56 house will be considered as the Stakeholder Binguni If meet eligibility criteria for No the in kind compensation, will (Valuer compensation options? Shehia be provided Whiteknites ) Yes, Those impacted structure Bukuku No Grant If the project impact more than one Rajabu Ame– that were present before the Lwitiko 57 structure, will all be valued for to be Stakeholder Binguni announcement of the cut –off No date will be eligible for the (Valuer compensated? Shehia payment of compensation Whiteknites ) No, compensation payment will No be calculated based on the material used for the Bukuku Grant If I have a brick house and my neighbor have Daudi Ramadhani– construction. Mad house in Lwitiko 58 a mad house will all receive the same Stakeholder Binguni term of construction expenses No is different with the brick (Valuer compensation? Shehia house. There for even the Whiteknites compensation will not be the ) same Salum Majaliwa – Yes, The electricity will be used Vaileth No The proposed electricity will be used even in 59 Stakeholder Binguni for domestic and industrial Kimaro – No the big industries? purposes. Shehia WorId bank After implementation of the project, may I No human activities allowed Vaileth No Ali Yusufu –Sheha under the power line tower for 60 continue with my activities under the power Kimaro – No Binguni the security purpose. line? WorId bank Aisha Omari No Ali Mahamoud Iddi – ZECO will be responsible in Makame - 61 Who will pay the compensation? Stakeholder paying compensation. ZECO No Kilombero project coordinator It is the project plan that is, No employment opportunities, including both short term in Aisha Omari Ahmed Salehe constructing related activities Makame - Employment opportunities should consider Mbarouq– and long term employment 62 ZECO No local surrounding community Stakeholder related to maintaining the project Kilombero infrastructure should consider coordinator local surrounding communities.. That is why the market study Bukuku No Grant Faki Muhamadi Haji research has been carried; the Compensation should be fair and consider Lwitiko – 63 - – Stakeholder aim was to have the real value No the real value of the market. of the market in the project Senior Kilombero allocated area. Valuer whiteknite Valuer will took all the details Bukuku No Muhamadi Salum of the house. And the situation Grant What if the corridor passed my house half Muhamadi - – will be assessed to decide Leitiko – 64 No way, Will it be compensated full or half? Stakeholder whether the house will require Senior Kilombero to be full compensated or not. Valuerb Whiteknites Yes, the valuation exercise will Bukuku No If the impacted household has filed the case continue. All the property Grant in the court regarding the ownership of the Juma Ali Juma – details will be taken and the Leitiko – 65 No property, will the valuation exercise take Stkaeholder Mpapa calculation to reach the Senior over to that property? compensation amount will also Valuerb be done. The money will not Whiteknites be paid to any one until the judgement. As per Zanzibar land laws No requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be entitled to be paid Bukuku compensation based on a fair Grant Salum Abdallah market value of the land and Leitiko – 66 Bare land / Plot will be compensated? Ramdhani - any improvement thereon. No Senior Stakeholder Mpapa Valuerb Whiteknites Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation That is why the market study Bukuku No research has been carried; the Grant Compensation amount should reflect on the Omari Sheha Musa – aim was to have the real value Lwitiko – 67 No current market value. Bambi Shehia of the market in the project Senior allocated area. Valuer whiteknite Bukuku No Compensation payment is the Grant process, and before Omari Sheha Musa – Lwitiko – 68 When will the compensation be paid compensation can be paid, No Bambi Shehia Senior must follow a process to meet Valuer the laws of Zanzibar and other Whiteknites international standards. This includes: • Complete surveys and prepare compensation schedules. • Disclose compensation schedules to affected persons. • Prepare valuation reports for submission to the Chief Valuer for approval. • Approval of valuation reports by the Chief Valuer. • Signing of agreement and paying compensation. Date of paying compensation cannot be told but you shall know the above must be completed prior to compensation. Vaileth No The value of land is increasing even day, Omari Sheha Musa – It has been taken Kimaro – 69 therefore ZECO has to ensure compensation No Bambi Shehia World Bank is paid as soon as possible. Sciologist Bukuku No Hemed Mbarak Grant If part of my land remained unaffected, can Abdulahman – Yes Lwitiko – 70 No I continue using that land? Unguja ukuu Senior kaebona Valuer Whiteknites Compensation payment is the No process, and before compensation can be paid, must follow a process to meet the laws of Zanzibar and other international standards. This includes: • Complete surveys and Suleiman prepare compensation Faki Khamis (Planning Said Ali Tarib -– schedules. When the payments will be done so as we officer from 71 Unguja ukuu No can look for the alternative land? • Disclose compensation Zanzibar kaebona schedules to affected persons. Chief Governmen • Prepare valuation t Valuer) reports for submission to the Chief Valuer for approval. • Approval of valuation reports by the Chief Valuer. • Signing of agreement and paying compensation. Date of paying compensation cannot be told but you shall know the above must be completed prior to compensation. Suleiman No Faki Khamis Those with granted and (Planning Ali Suleiman - – customary right of occupancy Some of the land user don’t have the officer from 72 Unguja ukuu are eligible for the No granted right of occupancy document Zanzibar kaebona compensation Chief Governmen t Valuer) Suleiman No Faki Khamis By now I cannot tell until you (Planning Will I be allowed to remove my properties Amina Amer - – receive a notice to vacate officer from 73 like iron sheet from the roof, windows, Unguja ukuu which will elaborate what is No Zanzibar doors etc after I have paid compensation? kaebona supposed to be done Chief Governmen t Valuer) Project shall not interfere the areas Project aimed not to impact Vaileth No Machano Fadhil any institute, But if happened designated for other activities like Kimaro – 74 Machano – will see the way forward after No construction of school, hospital, madrasa World Bank Councillor Kidompo accessing the situation etc. Sciologist It is the project plan that is, No employment opportunities, including both short term in constructing related activities Vaileth During project implementation, Tuwa Khamis Ali – and long term employment Kimaro – 75 employment to local community should be No Gamba Shehia related to maintaining the World Bank considered. infrastructure should consider Sciologistba local surrounding communities.. As per Zanzibar land laws No requirement the holder of the right of the occupancy shall be entitled to be paid Bukuku compensation based on a fair Grant market value of the land and Lwitiko – Hamis Ame Makame 76 Bare land / Plot will also be compensated? any improvement thereon. Senior No –Gamba Shehia Valuer whitwknite Supportive documents for the rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation. Suleiman No The crop compensation Faki Khamis The crops compensation schedule to be Amour Ali Abdalla – schedule to be use is the (Planning 77 No used is of which year? Hawaii Shehia current schedule of year 2021 officer from Zanzibar Chief Governmen t Valuer) Suleiman No Faki Khamis Both with either granted or (Planning Most of the people do not have the right of Omar Mussa Kha – customary right of occupancy officer from 78 occupancy documents, are we going to be Muembe will be eligible for the Zanzibar No considered into compensation? Mchomeke compensation Chief Governmen t Valuer) Suleiman No Faki Khamis PAPs will be accessed based on (Planning Juma Ali Juma – the eligibility criteria. If meet officer from Can the project help me to buy land and eligibility criteria for the in 79 Muembe Zanzibar No construct of the replacement house? kind compensation, will be mchomeke Chief provided Governmen t Valuer) It is the project plan that is, no employment opportunities, Aisha Omari Rashid M. Ali – including both short term in Makame – Employment opportunity should be given to 80 Muembe constructing related activities ZECO NO the local surrounding communities. mchomeke and long term employment Project related to maintaining the coordinator infrastructure should consider local surrounding communities.. Aisha Omari Makame - ZECO project coordinator No No Compensation exercise is the No process; It must follow a series Aisha Omari Makame – Requested for the compensation payment Ameir Hassa Ameir – of activities. ZECO tries their 81 best to do the all necessary ZECO No to be done early. Cheju Shehia process in the planned Project schedule. coordinator Yes, all seasonal food crops can Martha No be harvested after being Ndomba – Mmanga Haji Salehe matured, But you will require d 82 Is matured food crops can be harvested? Stakeholder No – Cheju Shehia to inform Sheha in order of engagement putting into writtings. Paulsam Valuer will took all the details Bukuku No of the house. And the situation Grant What if the corridor took half of the house, Hassan Haji Hassan will be assessed to decide Leitiko – 83 No will it compensated whole? – Ubago Shehia whether the house will require Senior to be full compensated or not. Valuerb Whiteknites Vaileth No Khamis Ali Taken, Will be shared to Notice to Vacate should provide enough Kimaro – 84 Mohamed – project manager. No time World Bank Stakehold Mwera Sciologist As per Zanzibar land laws No requirement the holder of the Suleiman right of the occupancy shall be Faki Khamis entitled to be paid (Planning Mwinyi Ussi A compensation based on a fair officer from 85 Bare land will be paid compensation? Hassan – Mwera market value of the land and Zanzibar No Shehia any improvement thereon. Chief Governmen Supportive documents for the t Valuer) rights of occupancy shall be submitted for the confirmation. Most of farms we were given by fathers and For that case land holders will No grandfathers, thus we don’t have any be required to provide ownership documents, so what we can do? supportive documents for their Suleiman Nassoro Mwalimu rights of occupancy (legally or Faki Khamis- 86 (Stakeholder – customary documents) but planning No The amount issued for compensation Muyuni A) even if you don’t have Officer(CV should be given to PAP as it is. Based into supportive ownership office-SMZ) experience from previous projects PAP were documents, sheha should not paid fairly recognize your ownership Aisha Omari No Shukuru Ramadhani Makame I have rice farm but I have already Kidawa You will be considered as bare 87 (Project No harvested, how should I be compensated? (Stakeholder – land compensation. coordinator- Muyuni A) ZECO) Ali Pandu Khatibu Aisha Omari 88 I request during project implementation, ZECO casual workers for clearing the corridor (Sheha- Muyuni A) Noted Makame should be taken among the member of (Project Contractor respective Shehia. coordinator- ZECO) Yes, you may continue using the No The remaining land parcel should I continue remaining part of land Aisha Omari using it? Mayasa Mohamed Makame Issa 89 No (Stakeholder – No, if the foundation of the (Project If my house foundation has been affected by house affected you’re not coordinator- the project, can I continue with construction Muyuni A) allowed to continue with ZECO) on the same foundation? construction. Aisha Omari Makame The project will add up to the current Mohammed 90 Yes, it will. (Project No electricity available or it will be separate? Ramadhani coordinator- No ZECO) The project is good and beneficial, provide awareness to PAPs so that they understand DAS: 91 what the project is and receive their Noted RAP team No comments, opinions and suggestions for Mariam Said Khamis No improvement wherever necessary The project will start first and then You will be paid compensation followed by compensation? Denge Khamis before the project to start Lwitiko No 92 Silima- K/Sheha No Why the compensation value for a PAP are Bukuku (Matemwe) It’s a confidential, the PAP will not supposed to be known by leaders? be shown it amount in Shehas office but not publishing to notice board Bukuku No Who is going to compensate? (ZECO, 93 Haji Faki Haji The government of Zanzibar Granti No Government or World bank) Lwitiko Yes, they will be considered No Vaileth Employment opportunities have to be first especially non-technical Kimaro- 94 given priorities to indigenous during the Hamisi Juma jobs while for technical job will No Wporld whole project depend on the qualification Bank needed by the contractor. People having house impacted and have No Yes, he/she will be considered Lwitiko 95 special needs will be assisted, what about Hamisi Juma No as tenant. Bukuku someone who cultivated on my land? The market survey done No The compensation will be done according currently 2021, thus to the 1964 law? ZECO will pay compensation will be done Lwitiko 96 Faki Hasan Silima No compensation according to the current according to the current Bukuku status of economy? market survey conducted by chief valuer Seasonal crops are allowed to be grown? No, you are not allowed to grow Suleiman Mussa Haji Mussa within the project corridor for Faki Khamis- All trees are eligible for compensation? safety purposes. 97 (Stakeholder – planning No Are we going to be connected and use this Muyuni C) All listed trees by CV are eligible Officer(CV No electricity? for compensation. office-SMZ) Yes, it will add up to existing Aisha electricity Makame (Project coordinator- ZECO) Aisha Saada Mbarouk Makame Khalfa No 98 Is the project permanent or temporary? Yes, the project is parmanent (Project No (Stakeholder – coordinator- Muyuni C) ZECO) Aisha Where is the location of the ZESTA project Saidi Amour Sheha knows the location. Makame corridor? Khassim No 99 You will be compensated on (Project No If my land is not mine, how should I be (Stakeholder- crops as tenant coordinator- compensated on crops? Muyuni C) ZECO) Aisha Omari No It’s our request that compensation should Khelefu Ali Juma Makame be fair compared to other compensation 100 – Noted No done for the previous projects whereby we (Stakeholder (Project were paid very badly. Muyuni C) coordinator- ZECO) Suleiman Come with all necessary Faki Khamis- No I have my land parcel I bout 30 million and Mustafa Abdalla ownership and supporting planning 101 its bare land, if it has been impacted by the (Stakeholder – No document during valuation Officer(CV project how can I be compensated? Muyuni C) office-SMZ) activities. You will be paid compensation What system of payment could be used by before you’re told to vacate Aisha this project? There are some people are not Mkamba Khamis from the project area. Makame No 102 yet paid until now for the other previous Mkamba (Project No projects. (Stakeholder – Mostly its via bank account, coordinator- Muyuni C) otherwise if the amount is low. What mode of payment could be used? ZECO)