The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) Appraisal Environmental and Social Review Summary Appraisal Stage (ESRS Appraisal Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 10/02/2023 | Report No: ESRSA02886 Oct 03, 2023 Page 1 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) I. BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Operation Data Operation ID Product Operation Acronym Approval Fiscal Year P180298 Investment Project Financing (IPF) DMDP Phase II 2024 Operation Name DAR ES SALAAM METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT PHASE II Country/Region Code Beneficiary country/countries Region Practice Area (Lead) (borrower, recipient) Tanzania Tanzania EASTERN AND Urban, Resilience and SOUTHERN AFRICA Land Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Ministry of Finance Presidents Office- Regional 09-Oct-2023 02-Dec-2023 and Planning Administration and Local Government Estimated Decision Total Project Cost Review Date Public Disclosure 27-Sep-2023 440,000,000.00 Proposed Development Objective To improve urban services and institutional capacity, and strengthen climate resilient development in the Dar es Salaam Region B. Is the operation being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project Activities The DMDP II project aims to address the constraints to quality of life and economic competitiveness in Dar es Salaam caused by rapid unplanned urbanization, urban flooding, and weak urban governance. The project aims to achieve this goal by improving the urban environment, enhancing urban mobility and connectivity, reducing resident’s exposure to climate risks and hazards, improving urban management, and increasing urban densities. It is proposed to include the following components: Component 1 Climate-Smart Priority Infrastructure (US $ 256 million). Component 1 will finance resilient transport infrastructure (sub-component 1.1), stormwater drainage infrastructure (sub-component 1.2), parks and open spaces (sub-component 1.3) and area based urban regeneration (sub-component 1.4). Sub-Component 1.1 Oct 03, 2023 Page 2 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) Resilient Transport Infrastructure: The Subcomponent 1.1 will finance: (upgrading, rehabilitation, and reconstruction of existing district roads and bridges; (ii) footbridges and pathways that support non-motorized transport; (iii) solar street lighting; (iv) roadside greening, grey and green roadside drainage systems, erosion control infrastructure; and (v) bus stands and roadside services. Sub-Component 1.2 Resilient and Green Drainage Systems: This sub-component will finance strategic drainage investments including: (i) construction of approximately 150 km of stand-alone drains using a combination of grey and green drainage infrastructure; (ii) water detention, retention and infiltration basins; and (iii) sustainable urban drainage system features (water detention, retention and infiltration basins, soakaways, sediment traps, tree planting, green roofs, swales, berms, filter drains, rip-rap and other erosion control structures). Sub- Component 1.3 Parks and Open Space: The subcomponent will finance inter-alia: (i) the design and construction of parks and open spaces (approximately 100 ha) including areas surrounding riparian or flood plains, including trees, landscaping and greening; recreational features; utilities, restrooms and buildings; paths for cycling and walking; small service roads; and sustainable urban drainage system features; (v) climate risk informed urban plans, cadastre and demarcation and support to implementation of development controls to protect flood plains, riparian areas, parks and green open spaces; and (iv) design of investments and environmental and social studies. Subcomponent 1.4 Area-based investments: The sub-component will address deficiencies in urban infrastructure in key economic nodes by providing works including: i) local roads, drainage, street lighting, wastewater management, public spaces, landscaping, and utilities services; ii) upgrading and construction of public markets; iii) construction of green buildings for health clinics, childcare centers, schools and government services. A strategic approach to identify infrastructure needs to prioritize local economic development, improved safety, security and accessibility to public transit. Component 2 Metropolitan Integrated Solid Waste Management Infrastructure and Services (US $ 50 million, including US $ 30 million from Netherlands, and US $ 20 million from IDA): This component will finance: (i)construction of ; solid waste infrastructure Public Disclosure (landfills, transfer stations and recycling facilities) ; (iii) construction of recycling, composting or other waste treatment systems; (iv) closure of the major dumpsite in Dar es Salaam (Pugu Dumpsites) considering feasible options for solar energy production or landfill gas capture and rehabilitate or close other informal dumpsites; (v) results based financing for solid waste collection, financing operations and maintenance, disposal and recycling systems; (vi) institutional strengthening and legal reform to support the development of an intermunicipal solid waste management organization for Dar es Salaam, and implementation of its business plan including tariff and billing collection system, operational protocols and staffing; (vii) support to informal waste sector integration and support for alternative livelihoods for male and female waste-pickers. Component 3 Strengthening Urban Institutions (US $ 28.3 million): This component will be implemented by PO-RALG and will focus on strengthening new and existing institutions and building capacity to achieve improvements in urban and emergency planning, services and infrastructure, enhancing the sustainability of investments made through Component 1 and 2 and mainstreaming climate friendly urban planning, infrastructure and services. It will cover: (i) Strengthening of service delivery and sustainability for municipal and city-wide services targeted under components 1 and 2. It will review and reform human resources, organization, protocols and procedures, IT systems; revenue and billing, asset management and maintenance arrangements; (ii) Strategic Service and Infrastructure Planning and Standards would be undertaken, financing the updating of existing infrastructure and service plans (drainage, roads, green spaces, markets), improving mechanisms of infrastructure coordination and design of new investments that incorporate climate change and related innovations proposed under component 1 and 2. It will also finance the updating or establishment of infrastructure and design standards to incorporate these elements including updating by-laws, guidelines and other legal instruments; (iii) Strengthening Local Urban Planning through preparation of urban plans (land use plans and surveys, hazard informed planning); improving organization, by-laws and regulations, procedures and processes and IT tools for urban development controls. It would also finance strengthening of the city-wide master planning process; (iv) Emergency Response Planning would be strengthened through support of the operation of regional governments emergency response team and community level emergency plans. Component 4: Oct 03, 2023 Page 3 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) Project Management (US $ 15.7 million): This component will finance the direct costs of management and operation of the project to ensure smooth delivery and compliance with World Bank policy and guidelines. It will provide support to the President’s Office – Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG), DLAs, and the Dar es Salaam City Council Project Implementation Unit (PIU) for continual project supervision, environmental and social monitoring, fiduciary management and auditing, office operating costs. Given the large number of stakeholders and criticality of stakeholder engagement in both planning and implementation of the project activities, this component will also finance public communications activities, stakeholder coordination, implementation completion report and preparation of additional investments. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1 Overview of Environmental and Social Project Settings Dar es Salaam is located at 6°48' S, 39°17' E on the coast of East Africa. With a population of 5.3 million, Dar es Salaam is Tanzania’s largest city of vital economic importance to the nation. The Dar es Salaam Region is one of 31 administrative regions in Tanzania, consisting of five Municipal Councils – Dar es Salaam city, Kinondoni, Temeke, Ubungo, and Kigamboni. Together the Councils are collectively known as the Dar es Salaam Local Authorities (DLAs). The city has a tropical wet and dry climate. Annual rainfall is approximately 1,100 mm, and in a normal year there are two rainy seasons: the "long-rains" in April and May, and the "short rains" in November and December. Dar es Salaam’s urbanization is exacerbating the impacts of climate change on the city: Urbanization has resulted in the loss of green space and their replacement by hard surfaces such as roads and other infrastructure and building roof area. Only 2% of Dar es Salaam is classified as public green space and tree cover across the city fell by more than 10% Public Disclosure each year between 2002 and 2008 . This has affected both the heat and water flow in these urbanized areas. These changes are causing increased temperature in built-up areas, increased runoff during rainstorms causing erosion, increased flood intensity and reduced recharge of aquifers used for water supply. In 2019 alone, the city experienced nine major floods; a single flood event in April 2018 cost between 2 and 4 percent of Dar es Salaam’s GDP. Exposure is widespread but most significant in the urbanized areas of the Msimbazi Basin; at least 39 percent of the city’s population, or 2 million people, have been impacted either directly or indirectly by floods with poor and vulnerable households over-represented among those affected by floods. The city experienced prolonged dry spells in 2021 and 2022, resulting in reduction in the water available from the upstream rivers used by the public water utility (DAWASA) and concomitant rationing of water. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is also a growing concern: while the city’s coastal location brings a cooling effect, surface temperatures in the city are up to 12°C warmer than in surrounding landscapes. Dar es Salaam is experiencing rapid urbanization, which is largely unplanned. This urbanization pattern has also led to degradation of Dar es Salaam’s environmental assets and has put high pressure on urban ecosystems, particularly over the last two decades. Road safety is a very serious concern in Tanzania. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates there are 29.2 road traffic fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants in the country, placing Tanzania 20th globally for road fatalities. The economic losses from traffic fatalities are estimated to be almost US$5 billion in 2016, or 10% of GDP. Economically active age groups suffer 57% of road crashes, fatalities, and injuries. While the official total number of accidents in Tanzania was 3,256 in 2016, the WHO estimates that the true figure was five times higher. Dar es Salaam produced an estimated 4,600 tons of waste per day in 2018 and less than 40 percent of waste is collected and disposed in formal dumpsites, primarily the main open dumpsite at Pugu . The Pugu dumpsite is 66 hectares; it was originally planned to be a landfill but turned into a dumpsite over the years operated by the DCC. In general, the solid waste system is characterized by high GHG emissions from unsanitary disposal of waste. Current services have large Oct 03, 2023 Page 4 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) service gaps caused by organizational and financing challenges and transport challenges. Collection vehicles do not have access to informal communities and the long travel times to the dumpsite, causing informal dumping by communities and waste collectors. Uncollected waste presents a hazard, clogging up drains and waterways. To mitigate flood risk and improve the cleanliness of the city, solid waste management solutions are needed at the metropolitan scale. Study for the lower Msimbazi Basin, which is located in Dar es Salaam shows that among the air pollutants in the Basin is the means of transport particularly public, private and goods transports. Other sources of air pollution include forest fires in Pugu and Kazimzumbwi forests, open burning of waste and sand mining. Air quality data varies according to the area. D.2 Overview of Borrower’s Institutional Capacity for Managing Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts The overall project implementation and coordination function will be undertaken by President’s Office, Regional Administration and Local Government1 (PO-RALG) that has an established Project Coordination Team (PCT) engaged in urban projects in Tanzania in the past, i.e. Tanzania Urban Local Government Strengthening Program (ULGSP), Tanzania Strategic Cities Project (TSCP), Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project (DMDP) and the current urban operations Tanzania Cities Transforming Infrastructure & Competitiveness Project (TACTIC) and Msimbasi Baisn Development Project (MBDP). All those projects are/have been performed satisfactory or moderately satisfactory in terms of safeguards. The PCT with an overall responsibility for monitoring compliance has experience in environmental Public Disclosure and social risk management. Implementation of infrastructure and solid waste sub-projects under Component 1 and Component 2 will be undertaken by the five DLA PITs (LGAs PITs), with oversight and coordination by PO-RALG. The Kinondoni, Temeke and Dar es Salaam City Council (formerly Ilala Municipal Council) have in place functional Project Implementation Teams (PITs) with dedicated staff for implementing works that were established under DMDP, including procurement, contract management, environmental and social standards and M&E. They also have experience dealing with complex projects in urban settings, including informal settlement upgrading under DMDP phase I. Because the Ubungo and Kigamboni Municipal Councils were established midway through DMDP implementation, they do not yet have functional PITs, and they have limited experience in social risk management under the ESF. These capacity concerns will be addressed through focused capacity building that has been itemized in the Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) and project implementation support from the Bank. Th PITs will be established two months after project effectiveness with training provided on World Bank ESF requirements and procedures. The PCT with an overall responsibility for monitoring compliance has experience in environmental and social risk management at the national level. The PCT staff has participated in preparation of ESF documents for TACTIC (Substantial E&S risk rating) and Msimbazi Project (High E&S risk rating) which are at the initial stages of implementation. Furthermore, at LGAs level, Ilala, Kinondoni and Temeke municipals that implemented DMDP have experience in managing social and environmental issues under their PITs under WB old policies while the Ubungo and Kigamboni have no experience in managing E & S issues as per the ESF. However, both PCT and LGAs have limited experience in addressing and managing ESS aspects under the ESF thus it will be critical to build capacity of PCT and LGAs in application of ESSs under ESF and enhance compliance with environmental and social risks management. The experience from DMDP 1 indicates that the capacity to implement measures associated with involuntary resettlement in a timely manner would be a key area for strengthening by using ESS5. Oct 03, 2023 Page 5 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) Given the increased demands on the PCT and DLAs, particularly Dar es Salaam City Council (DCC) who will have a lead role implementing the Msimbazi Basin Development Project in parallel with DMDP2, as well as new activities to be introduced in DMDP2 on solid waste management and compact city development, detailed capacity assessments will have been carried out for each PIT and PCT and results used to identify the necessary staffing and capacity building activities needed. The implementation arrangements and program of institutional strengthening activities to be financed under the project are reflected in the ESMF, ESCP and other applicable project E &S instruments. Dedicated safeguards staff (e.g. environmental, OHS and social staff) and sufficient experienced consultants will be engaged to support subproject preparation and implementation as well as to ensure that there are sufficient resources to implement the project and manage key environmental and social risks that have been identified. II. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) High A.1 Environmental Risk Rating Substantial The environmental and social risk classification of the project is rated substantial. The main risks and impacts include:(i) risks and impacts related to the management of solid waste facilities (Component 2) including potential groundwater pollution, air pollution, odors, occupational health and safety aspects and legacy issue from closure of existing dumpsites and proposed construction of new landfills; (ii) risks related to management of contaminated Public Disclosure dredged and/or excavated sediments and solid wastes removed from drains (Component 1.2); (iii) change in land use and impacts due to new land use for green/park spaces (Component 1.3); (iv) aspects of traffic safety during the operation of improved roads (Component 1.1) offering relatively higher speeds; (v) risks and impacts typically associated with construction activities in urban areas (all components), namely occupational health and safety aspects, nuisances due to dust, noise and vibration, possible interruption of public utilities that require relocation from work sites (e.g. electricity, water, telecommunications), soil erosion and sedimentation during the rainy season due to vegetation removal, and construction waste, collection, transportation and disposal; and (vi) direct/indirect risks related to the TA (Component 3). The above risks and impacts, although important to properly manage, are not sensitive as the subprojects are located in an urban context which is heavily impacted by existing activities. The risks and impacts are predictable, and could be managed with readily available measures including those that are included in the project design (improved roads safety and drainage capacity) and the ESF instruments (ESMF and site specific ESIAs and ESMPs that will be prepared once subprojects are identified). The project also have several positive environmental impacts including: (i) improving key aspects relieving traffic congestion (Component 1.1) which will result in improved air quality and lowered GHGs through reduced vehicle idling; (ii) reducing flooding risks through upgrading drainage infrastructure (Component 1.2) which will improve urban resilience to current and future climate variability; (iii) improving urban environmental sanitation by providing solid waste collection and treatment service for local people (Component 2); (iv) closure and rehabilitation existing informal dump sites (Component 2) which will greatly improve conditions at the site and the surrounding areas, minimize the risk of direct contact of people with waste, seal the odor and avoid the contact of rainwater with the waste, and minimize the generation of wastewater/ leachate (iv) piloting green infrastructure investments (Component 1.3) through construction of parks and open space which will increase public accessibility to greenspace and recreation areas, and increase carbon sequestration from trees. Oct 03, 2023 Page 6 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) A.2 Social Risk Rating High The project social risk rating is high because of the potential social impacts of the project and the associated mitigation measures may give rise to loss of land due to involuntary resettlement, temporary loss of access, temporary loss of informal business and loss of livelihood for the waste pickers who will be affected by the dumpsite closure. The project should minimize land acquisition and its accompanying measure of resettlement wherever possible especially during detailed engineering designs for roads, drains, and other community facilities that will be upgraded/constructed. The experience from implementation of DMDP indicated the challenges in compensation of the project affected people due to Municipals lack of fund thus resulting into delays in relocation of the project affected structures. The borrower has experience dealing with complex projects such as informal settlement upgrading under DMDP but the experience of implementing agencies may be limited in social risk management under ESF that can be deliberately addressed through focused capacity building and implementation support. Other social risks include but limited to the risks related to labor and working conditions, community safety as a result of construction activities and work equipment in congested communities; risks the increased risk of sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, and other communicable diseases such as Covid 19. Another anticipated risk is GBV/SEA at the workplace as well as communities where the construction workers will reside. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESS) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1 Relevance of Environmental and Social Standards ESS1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Relevant Public Disclosure This standard is relevant. DMDP was designed as a Series of Projects (SOP) in the Dar es Salaam Metropolitan region, to help address the complex issues that require incremental and sustained interventions. The first project (DMDP Phase 1) was approved in 2015 and completed in January 2023. Similar to DMDP phase 1, DMDP phase II infrastructure works will improve key aspects of environmental quality in Dar es Salaam, including relieving traffic congestion which will result in improved air quality, as well as reducing flooding and improving sanitation and public safety. The project road works will contribute to lowering greenhouse gas emissions through reduced vehicle idling. DMDP phase II drainage works and upgrading will improve urban resilience to current and future climate variability through both traditional drainage infrastructure as well as piloting green infrastructure investments such as storm water detention ponds that can be preserved and utilized as green space during dry spells. Construction parks & Open space will increase public with access to greenspace & recreation, and increase carbon sequestration from trees. Build community infrastructure (e.g. market) will increase access to urban amenities and jobs/revenue for traders. The most significant environmental and social risks identified during the construction phase are typical impacts of construction works in urban areas (including building public buildings such as health facilities, schools, improved access roads for emergency response), namely include nuisances due to dust, noise and vibration, interruption of public utilities that require relocation from work sites (e.g. electricity, water, telecommunications), road works on traffic and occupational and community health and safety to workers and local communities, soil erosion and sedimentation and risk of landslides as result of earthworks and vegitation removal especially during the rainy season, and construction waste, collection, transportation and disposal of solid wastes from drains and contaminated dredged and/or excavated sediments, and a change in land use and impacts due to new land use for green/park spaces. Negative impacts during the operational phase are largely issues of public safety. This includes increased accidents resulting from higher speeds and more traffic on paved roads. Road designs will include good practices for pedestrian facilities and traffic Oct 03, 2023 Page 7 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) calming, especially near schools. Impacts of increased drainage on receiving waters and land and the management of public/green spaces will be assessed in subprojects ESIAs/ESMPs. Solid Waste Management (Component 2) will improve urban environmental sanitation by providing solid waste collection and treatment service for local people. The construction and operation of new landfills, waste composting, waste transfer stations, waste collection and transportation will pose among others the following E&S impacts: public nuisance impacts of uncollected waste (such as clogging sewers & open drains, encroaching on roadways, diminishing landscape aesthetics, unpleasant odors & irritating dusts); public health impacts including risks of inadequate protection of collection and disposal workers, littering & clandestine dumping, straying domestic animals with potential spread of diseases and chemical contaminants through the food chain, generate leachate and landfill gas (methane, hydrogen sulphide, and carbon dioxide), smoke from burning waste causing respiratory irritation; earthworks and weight of wastes in landfills could cause risk of soil erosion and landslides; contamination of soil/s, surface waster & air quality; traffic to and from the site, odor, visual impacts. Groundwater pollution from leachate will be minimized by the installation of an impermeable membrane liner, and a leachate collection and treatment facility. Landfill gas can be collected and flared in short term and will be utilized in long term when there is adequate gas generation. As per ESMF requirements, site specific ESIA for landfills, dumpsites, waste processing and transfer station will be conducted to assess alternative sites, the impacts and risks and propose adequate mitigation measures and monitoring plan. The siting of new landfill sites will take into consideration availability of enough land area for buffer zone to minimize aesthetic impacts, proximity of residential developments, (because of noise & truck traffic impacts, as well as gas migration), prevailing wind direction (because of dust, odor, & smoke), and groundwater flow (because of water supply wells & receiving surface waters). Further, the project will support waste recycling as much as practicable, including sorting and segregation at source, processing and storage. The project will close and rehabilitate existing informal dump sites Public Disclosure which will greatly improve conditions at the site and the surrounding areas, will minimize the risk of direct contact of people with waste, seal the odor and avoid the contact of rainwater with the waste, and the generation of wastewater/ leachate. Baseline information (e.g. monitoring) at these sites needs to be conducted to assess the pollution caused by the existing dumpsites and mitigate potential legacy issues from closure of existing dumpsites. Closure of dumpsites is expected to minimize future environmental impacts, and the closed sites should be revegetated to improve aesthetics of the sites. The proposed TA activities under Components 3 potentially have direct or indirect environmental and social impacts when implemented. These impacts/risks will be addressed in accordance with the project ESMF, following relevant Bank guidance notes for TA. Cumulative impacts could be caused by several subprojects under the DMDP II and also other projects that may be implemented within the same impacted area of the environment, including impacts on airsheds, groundwater, soil quality, soil erosion, landslides, noise and traffic. Such impacts will be addressed in details in site-specific ESIAs. The project activities will have a positive social impact due to improved living conditions from construction of new infrastructure such as roads, drainage, and community parks in unplanned settlements. The project social risks include involuntary resettlement, loss of land, loss of access, loss of small informal businesses during construction and loss of livelihoods for the waste pickers in the dumpsite that will be closed to pave way for construction of a new landfill. Other social risks include risks related to the construction of new markets, labor and working conditions, community safety due to construction activities and work equipment in congested communities; increased risk of sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, and other communicable diseases such as Covid 19. Another anticipated risk is GBV/SEA at the workplace as well as communities where the construction workers will reside. The project will prepare a livelihood restoration plan for the waste pickers that will be affected by the closure of the existing dumpsites. As project activities will be implemented mostly in densely populated areas in Dar es Salaam, consultations throughout project preparation and implementation will be required. Robust and meaningful stakeholder consultations are required to ensure that the designed sub projects are Oct 03, 2023 Page 8 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) the ones needed by the end-user community members and are located at the relevant and required areas. Although PORALG and 3 LGAs have experience dealing with complex projects in the urban setting, especially on informal settlement upgrading under DMDP, the experience of all LGAs that will be implementing DMDP II is limited in terms of social risk management under the ESF. These capacity concerns that can be deliberately addressed through focused capacity building that will be itemized in the ESCP and project implementation support from WB. The project have prepared various mitigations tools as per the guidance of relevant ESSs prior to appraisal and during implementation of the project. The following ESF documents have been prepared prior to appraisal: • Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) to guide the development of site-specific ESA instruments and resettlement action plans (RAPs) where subprojects details will be known. The Frameworks have been prepared at this stage to cover all proposed project investments since specific locations and detailed information such as designs of individual investment subprojects can only be known during implementation. The ESMF includes procedures relevant to the development of the subprojects, including how to conduct screening of subprojects to assess the environmental risks and impacts and identify mitigation measures, as part of subproject-specific assessment and plans. • Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) including Grievance Redress Mechanism • Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) Documents to be prepared after Board Approval includes: • Labor Management Procedures (LMP) during implementation. • ESIAs (including comprehensive ESMPs), ESMPs and RAPs for subprojects will be prepared after subproject details are known, in line with the requirements of applicable/relevant Environmental and Social Standards, Environmental Management Act, Good International Industry Practice and World Bank Group Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines (General; Industry Specific for Health Care Facilities, Toll Roads, Waste Management Facilities, Water and Sanitation). Those instruments will cover any associated facilities that may be, while not financed by the project, (i) established/planned to be established contemporaneously with Public Disclosure specific subprojects; (ii) directly and significantly related to the subproject and (iii) necessary for this subproject to be viable. ESIAs/ESMPs will cover those associated facilities if they fulfills the three above conditions. ESS10 - Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure Relevant This standard is relevant. The project activities will be implemented mostly in dense populated areas in Dar es Salaam thus require robust consultations throughout project preparation and implementation. to ensure that the designed sub projects are the ones needed by the community members who are end users and are located at the relevant and required areas. The key stakeholders of the project include the inhabitants of the households located in areas where the project works are expected to take place, which are expected to experience the adverse impacts of construction works with greater intensity. Other key stakeholders are the local level leaderships from Hamlets to Wards level followed by other units in the participating LGAs, the CSOs and CBOs within the project localities as well as other Institutions dealing with water, energy etc. that will be actively involved in the design and implementation of the program. Vulnerable groups are also considered as key stakeholders, including people with disabilities. Furthermore, as the project will affect waste pickers who are considered as vulnerable groups, the project will undertake dedicated efforts to engage with those groups and/or with local association working with them (especially female waste pickers). The project will also need to undertake dedicated stakeholder engagement activities with groups with specific characteristics, depending on the project activity, which would involve, for instance, people with disabilities, women’s associations, cyclists associations, and residents of areas surrounding markets, among others. The grievance redress mechanism (GRM) that exists at LGAs, as well as the project-level GRM prepared for DMDP phase 1, will be enhanced as needed so that it is consistent with ESS10 provisions. The project will also re-establish community-level GHCs to enhance the ability of the stakeholders to submit their grievances in a way that receives and facilitates the resolution of their potential concerns in relation to the Project in a transparent manner that is culturally appropriate and readily Oct 03, 2023 Page 9 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) accessible to all Project-affected parties, at no cost and without retribution, with provisions to process SEA/SH grievances, and maintaining the confidentiality of their information, while also enabling the anonymous filing of concerns and grievances. The draft version of the SEP and other E&S risk management instruments of the project will be disclosed and disseminated among the project’s stakeholders, providing them with an opportunity to provide feedback on them, which will then be taken into account in the preparation of the final versions of the documents. The application of ESS10 on stakeholder engagement and disclosure of information is a vital part of this project. This standard will be closely monitored throughout the preparation and implementation of a Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP), which describes the characteristics and interests of the relevant stakeholder groups, the timing and methods for their engagement throughout the life of the project, and the functioning of the GRM, among other methodological and operational aspects. A draft version of the SEP will be publicly disclosed by appraisal. ESS2 - Labor and Working Conditions Relevant This standard is relevant. The key labor risks are expected from construction works that will be implemented under the project that will involve both direct workers employed by the government at central and local level and contracted works including contractors, and consultants, both local and international. During project implementation, the project (especially components 1, 2 & 3) may likely involve significant worker OHS risks. Additional and activity/ site - specific Health and safety risks that will be exposed to workers will be assessed during preparation of subprojects and measures to mitigate the identified risks included in the project LMP in subsequent subproject ESIAs, and ESMPs. Potential risks may include accidents and injuries, safety and health hazards (e.g., dust, pathogens and vectors, noise, odors, traffic safety, chemical hazards, sexual harassments, and unjustified separation from the workplace, and poor working conditions). The project workers will be subjected to the requirement of ESS2 in relation to labor and working Public Disclosure conditions including occupational health and safety and labor grievance mechanisms. Likewise, any technical consultants contracted by the project will also need to adhere to ESS2 standards. To guide the management and monitoring of labor related risks, the project will prepare, disclose, and implement Labor Management Procedures (LMP). The Project will also prepare, subprojects specific Health and Safety Management (H&S) Plans in line with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) such as ILO Standards and WBG EHSGs to ensure management of project workers in line with the requirements of national law and ESS2. In addition, Operation and Maintenance Plans shall contain H&S Management Plans as part of their SOPs, to address OHS issues, including but not limited to the following measures: safe place of work, Safe plant and equipment, Safe systems of work, Training and supervision, and hiring of Competent workers. Child and forced labor in connection with the Project will be prohibited. The minimum age for project workers will be 18 years old, which will be monitored with the support of the project’s supervision. The Borrower will also identify the risk of child and forced labor as well as risks of safety amongst its primary suppliers through an upfront screening of the suppliers track record and practices. To offset the risk of forced labor under ESS2, particularly in areas where there is a significant risk of forced labor in connection with primary supply workers, such as in the solar panel industry, the Borrower will require bidders to provide two declarations: a Forced Labor Performance Declaration (which covers past performance), and a Forced Labor Declaration (which covers future commitments to prevent, monitor and report on any forced labor), cascading the requirements to their own sub-contractors and suppliers. In addition, the Borrower will include enhanced language on forced labor in the procurement contracts. The Project’s LMP will also include a code of conduct with explicit provisions to prevent and manage potential cases of SEA/SH associated with Project workers. The timeframe for the LMP is established in the ESCP. ESS3 - Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management Relevant Oct 03, 2023 Page 10 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) This standard is relevant. Construction will involve management of construction waste, air emissions, noise, water supply, wastewater and hazardous materials. Drainage works in particular will need to ensure that contaminated dredged and/or excavated sediments and existing solid waste in existing drains will require safe collection, transport and disposal. During operation, pollutants will be generated from Component 1 (e.g. waste from drainage system, parks, and waste and wastewater from heath care facilities, markets etc.) and Component 2 (e.g. leachate and landfill gas). The borrower will be requested to comply with its national regulations, applicable international standards and/or the Good International Industrial Practice (GIIP) to ensure environmentally sound and safe management and disposal of the dredged and/or excavated sediments such as the WBG Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (i.e. General EHS Guidelines and sector specific guidelines for Waste Management Facilities). As mentioned in ESS1, the construction and operation of new landfills will have leachate and landfill gas impact, traffic to and from the site, odor, visual impacts, and worker health and safety issues. Groundwater pollution from leachate will be minimized by the installation of an impermeable membrane liner, and a leachate collection and treatment facility. Landfill gas can be collected and flared in short term and could be utilized in long term when there is adequate gas generation, this will be further analyzed in landfill ESIAs. ESIA for landfills will be conduced to assess alternative sites, the impacts and risks and propose adequate mitigation measures and monitoring plan. The project will close and rehabilitate existing informal dump sites which will greatly improve conditions at the site in the surrounding areas, minimize the risk of direct contact of people with waste, seal the odor and avoid the contact of rainwater with the waste, and the generation of wastewater/ leachate. There are potential risks from legacy issues with the closure of existing dump sites (e.g hazardous waste, medical waste, e-waste (e.g. malfunctioning and end of life solar panels), soil and groundwater contamination etc.). Also the closure of should be planned in alignment with construction of new landfills to ensure that there is sufficient waste handling capacity in the city disposal sites. ESIAs for these sites need to Public Disclosure be conducted to assess the pollution caused by the existing dumpsites. Based upon existing information, proper mitigation measures, monitoring, budget will be assessed and proposed. Closure of dumpsites is expected to minimize future environmental impacts, and the closed sites should be revegetated to improve aesthetics of the sites. Future land use will contain restrictions as needed to maintain environmental quality. After the closure of the dumpsites, regular monitoring will be conducted. Appropriate correctives measures will be taken if required based on the monitoring. The project will reference to Good International Good Practice and the WBG Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines (i.e. General EHS Guidelines and sector specific guidelines for Waste Management Facilities, Toll roads, and Health Care Factifies). Data for energy, water and raw material uses for construction activities are not yet known. But it is not expected that these activities are significant users of energy, and specific needs of water and other raw/ constructional materials shall be determined during conduct of subprojects ESIAs and Designs. In addition, the project will likely bring about general pollution issues (e.g. dust emission) associated with construction activities and may use hazardous materials/chemicals for the project. Site specific environmental and social assessments will identify and determine the significance of the likely impacts and risks and mitigation measures will be included in the Subprojects ESMPs. Component 1 and 2 support Paris Alignment by enabling Dar es Salaam to transition to a low-GHG emission pathway in the waste and transport sectors. The solid waste component will lead to GHG savings from municipal waste treatment, recycling and composition process. Road component has the potential to increase emissions- however this project will only construct critical feeder roads which complete the urban road network for the purpose of reducing journey times and cutting congestion. Further, constructed feeder roads will be designed to increase access to lower-carbon transport modes, including cycling, walking and public transit. The project will also provide solar lighting for streets and parks and will invest in tree planting to reduce cooling demands and support carbon sequestration in urban areas. GHG emission estimates for the project will be calculated during project design. Oct 03, 2023 Page 11 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) ESS4 - Community Health and Safety Relevant This standard is relevant. As mentioned in ESS1, the project will close and rehabilitate existing informal dump sites. This will improve community health and safety by minimizing the risk of direct contact of people with waste, sealing the odor and avoiding the contact of rainwater with the waste, and the generation of wastewater/ leachate etc. The closure/decommissioning of existing dumpsites likely involves hazard risks caused by leachate contamination, gaseous emissions, presence of hazardous waste, collapse due to instability etc. To minimize risks to local community health and safety, dumpsite safety closure plan, as part of ESMP, will aim at developing (i) a properly closed dumpsite where all appropriate technical interventions have been taken to ensure safe storage of the waste and to prevent pollution of the surrounding environment; and (ii) a post-closure monitoring and correction mechanism that confirms the technical improvement measures are appropriate. The project is expected to improve community health and safety by reducing the risk of exposure to urban seasonal flooding and associated diseases. Urban drainage and expansion of green space in Dar es Salaam are expected to mitigate flood risks, build resilience to droughts and heat waves. Construction and rehabilitation of transport infrastructure are expected to increase population with safe access to public transport and Non-motorized transport (NMT) transport. Construction activities may pose potential safety concerns for the local communities within the vicinity of works especially as the construction is to be carried out in densely populated urban areas. However, these construction impacts would be timebound and site specific. Community health and safety risks and other project risks will be managed in accordance with ESMF (process to assess, mitigate etc.) and assessed as part of the ESIAs and/or Site specific ESMPs (including preparedness measures/requirements for emergency events (if any), road/traffic safety) and Health and Safety Management Plans will be prepared to ensure the health and safety of local communities, during the construction, operational and maintenance phases of the project. The components of the project involving civil works construction involves SEA/SH Public Disclosure risk as well, particularly associated with the interactions between project workers and the local population, and within the workforce, where women are more vulnerable to SEA/SH risks both during recruitment and employment. This will be further detailed in ESMF along with the measures to be included in the ESIA and the subprojects' ESMPs, codes of conduct for project workers, and grievance mechanisms designed to handle SEA/SH cases and refer them to service providers. ESS5 - Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Relevant This standard is relevant. Project activities include construction of roads, drainage, parks, and markets under component 1 that will likely involve land acquisition and involuntary resettlement, which will be mitigated through measures such as cash compensation at replacement cost, as stated in ESS5, and other livelihood restoration activities. Due to the nature of the Project, the specific subprojects will become known only during the implementation phase. Accordingly, to manage these impacts, the Project includes a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), which spells out the overall principles and objectives of ESS5 and provide operational guidance on how to manage land acquisition during project implementation, including the preparation of site specific resettlement action plans (RAPs). These instruments will also cover cases of economic displacement for potential restriction of access. Voluntary land donation is not expected and will not be a major way of land acquisition, however, in cases of voluntary land donation the process to be followed will be guided by the applicable provisions of ESS5 and ESS1, and specified in the RPF. Such procedures will be clearly defined to ensure that the potential donors have been appropriately informed and consulted about the project and the choices available to them, are aware that refusal is an option, and have confirmed in writing their willingness to proceed with the donation, and the amount of land being donated is minor and will not reduce the donor’s remaining land area below that required to maintain the donor’s Oct 03, 2023 Page 12 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) livelihood at current levels, no household relocation is involved, and the donor is expected to benefit directly from the project. Activities in Component 2 associated with the landfill and dumpsites might also involve land acquisition. The project will close a major dumpsite at Pugu area that will affect a large number of waste pickers, therefore the project will prepare a livelihood restoration plan (LRP) that will look at various options outside and within the new landfills, as part of the RAP, to mitigate the impact of the closure. Several sites have been identified preliminarily, however, the number and actual locations of the landfills are subject to the detailed design study being contracted that will assess the best locations from an environmental, social and technical perspective. The implementation of DMDP Phase 1 revealed challenges in the payment of compensations to the project affected people due to municipalities lack of funds, which resulted in delays in the relocation processes. This will be an important area highlighted in the RPF to prioritize early on in the RAP preparation process to ensure that the impact of budget shortages or delays are minimized. The RPF will also provide the elements to ensure that any gaps between the provisions of the national legislation and ESS5 are filled, including those related to the eligibility of those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land or assets they occupy or use for RAP benefits, the recognition of economic impacts, the need to achieve replacement cost in the compensations, the need to ensure that resettlement takes place before taking possession of the land or starting works, the provision of budget to ensure that resettlement actions are implemented as planned. The Borrower will disclose the RPF prior to appraisal. Adverse impacts on incomes or livelihoods that are not a direct result of land acquisition or land use restrictions imposed by the project will be addressed under ESS1, in accordance with paragraph 5 of ESS5. ESS6 - Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Relevant Resources Public Disclosure This standard is relevant. The project is not expected to significantly impact natural habitats. It supports the rehabilitation and upgrading of infrastructure in Dar es Salaam. The bulk of activities will take place in a highly urbanized setting where it is unlikely that natural and /or critical habitats are present. The area of interventions will essentially be in modified habitats. Subprojects will be screened (as part of ESMF) for potential direct and indirect impacts on natural habitats after subproject details are known, such as potential habitat changes/impacts due to land acquisition and construction of parks and open space; potential change in the drainage pattern due to the increase of runoff from improved roads which may affect sensitive receptors; and potential impacts/risks related to fauna at existing dump sites and future waste landfills. Subproject ESIAs and ESMPs to be developed will identify necessary impacts/risks, the associated mitigation and monitoring measures, institutional arrangement and budget to manage these impacts and risks from the project. ESS7 - Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Not Currently Relevant Local Communities The Standard is not relevant as project activities will be implemented in Urban areas of Dar Es Salaam City where there is no existence of IP/SSAHUTL as per ESS7. ESS8 - Cultural Heritage Relevant This standard is relevant. The project is being developed in a densely populated area. Construction activities may have impacts on cultural heritage, notably physical cultural resources, mainly through chance finds. The ESMF has outlined the established procedures on chance finds in Tanzania. The subprojects ESIAs will assess possible impacts on tangible cultural heritage and include chance finds procedures. The requirements of adoption and implementation of chance Oct 03, 2023 Page 13 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) find procedures will form part of the bidding documents and be part of contractual obligation of the contractor. Impacts to intangible cultural heritage associated with the project are not anticipated but will be determined during preparation. ESS9 - Financial Intermediaries Not Currently Relevant The standard is not relevant to the project as the project will not use financial intermediaries as an instrument for channeling funds to the beneficiaries. B.2 Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Operations on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Operations in Disputed Areas No B.3 Other Salient Features Use of Borrower Framework No The operation will not rely upon the Borrower’s E&S Framework. However, the project will also comply with Tanzania E&S, ESIA, Labor, Occupational Health and Safety, legal and regulatory requirements. Use of Common Approach No Public Disclosure N/A C. Overview of Required Environmental and Social Risk Management Activities C.1 What Borrower environmental and social analyses, instruments, plans and/or frameworks are planned or required by implementation? III. CONTACT POINT World Bank Task Team Leader: John Morton Title: Senior Urban Specialist Email: jmorton@worldbank.org TTL Contact: Emily Margaret Owen Job Title: Urban Specialist Email: eowen@worldbank.org TTL Contact: Yonas Eliesikia Mchomvu Job Title: Senior Transport Specialist Oct 03, 2023 Page 14 of 15 The World Bank Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project Phase Ii (P180298) Email: ymchomvu@worldbank.org IV. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects V. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): John Morton, Emily Margaret Owen, Yonas Eliesikia Mchomvu Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Noreen Beg Cleared on 02-Oct-2023 at 11:28:34 EDT ADM Environmental Specialist: Mohammad Farouk Ibrahim Kandeel ADM Social Specialist: Naima Abdallah Besta Public Disclosure Oct 03, 2023 Page 15 of 15