The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Concept Environmental and Social Review Summary Concept Stage (ESRS Concept Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 01/23/2023 | Report No: ESRSC03179 Jan 23, 2023 Page 1 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Fiji EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC P178694 Project Name Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Transport Investment Project 5/10/2023 7/26/2023 Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of Economy Ministry of Commerce, Trade, Tourism and Transport, Labasa Town Council, Fiji Roads Authority, Water Authority Fiji, Savusavu Town Council, Public Disclosure Ministry of Forestry, Airports Fiji Limited, Ministry of Fisheries, Ministry of Waterways and Environment Proposed Development Objective The development objectives of the Project are to address urgent infrastructure and essential service gaps in Vanua Levu, increase private sector participation in tourism, and reduce negative environmental externalities of tourism. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 40.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No Jan 23, 2023 Page 2 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] The Project is Phase I of a multiphase programmatic approach (MPA). The MPA is a comprehensive 3-phase tourism development program in Vanua Levu that will support the realization of Fiji’s national development, private sector growth, and green growth plans. The program has two main aims: a) to improve the resilience and sustainability of the tourism industry, including short-term recovery and longer-term diversification and high-value growth; and b) to facilitate the execution of existing Government plans. Phase I will set the foundations for sustainable tourism in Vanua Levu. It will directly tackle the major barriers to tourism growth, namely, the insufficient transport infrastructure and essential services, uncoordinated plans and institutions, and a cumbersome business environment. Phase I investments will identify and rollout: a) the upgrade of key infrastructure (for example, improving the configuration, coordination, and safety at Savusavu and Labasa airports) and selective no-regret investments in essential facilities (such as solid waste management, wastewater treatment, medical clinics, and renewable energy); b) support tourism master planning, sector and destination coordination activities, tourism MSME recovery and expansion to enhance services and products, access to finance, and skills development, particularly targeting women and youth, piloting public private partnership (PPP) approaches for further roll out; and c) institutional capacity building to support deeper engagements in subsequent phases. Phase II will put physical and social capital infrastructure in place, building on findings from the feasibility studies in Phase I to support viable and critical mid-size investments in infrastructure and essential services, especially to open new areas for tourism investment; deepen and expand tourism sector and destination coordination and institutionalize skills training, destination awareness, and access to finance for tourism private sector development Public Disclosure and product development. It will scale up successful interim interventions and potentially make them permanent. Phase III will support the full rollout of the investments, coordination mechanisms and policy reforms identified in the sustainable tourism master plan. It will continue institutionalizing sector coordination and facilitating sustainable financing for tourism products to consolidate sector gains and growth. Building on the previous two Phases, this final Phase will see more longer-term outcomes, such as improved infrastructure connectivity, increased tourism revenue and tourism-related jobs, and increased community benefits from integrated tourism development in Vanua Levu. This C-ESRS considers the environmental and social risks associated with Phase I only. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The Republic of Fiji is a small island nation in the South Pacific Ocean, consisting of 110 inhabited and 222 uninhabited islands. Fiji has an ocean area of 1,260,00km2 with a land area of only 18,272 km2 and is divided geographically into four divisions; Western (western and northern Viti Levu), Central (south and east of Viti Levu), Eastern (includes Lau, Lomaiviti groups and Kadavu) and Northern (Vanua Levu and Taveuni). Ninety-six percent of Fiji’s total population (884,887) reside on the two largest islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu for which the majority are iTaukei and around 38% indo-Fijian. Fiji has one of the lowest rates of extreme poverty and is the most industrially advanced, with substantial services, manufacturing sectors and a major tourism industry. Fiji is one of the world’s 20 most tourism- Jan 23, 2023 Page 3 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) dependent nations. The sector directly and indirectly contributes nearly 40 percent of annual GDP. It accounted for approximately FJD 3 billion (USD 1.32 billion) of earnings in 2019. Tourism is a major source of income for Fijians and supports nearly one-third of the labor force. Vanua Levu is the second largest island in Fiji located 64 kilometers to the north of Viti Levu, with a land area of 5,5871.1 km2 and a population of 135,961 as of 2007. A 17,600 hectares area covering much of the interior of the Natewa/ Tunuloa Peninsula, is an Important Bird Area (IBA) including Crimson-crowned Fruit Dove, Fiji Goshawk, Fiji White-eyes, Fiji Woodswallow, Orange Fruit Dove, Red-throated Lorikeet, Shy Ground-dove, and Silktails. Taveuni Island, also considered part of the project target area due to its connectivity to Vanua Levu, is the third largest island in Fiji with a total land area of 434km2 and a population of 19,000. Taveuni is situated 6.5km to the east of Vanua Levu and also has abundant flora and birdlife. This document is focused on Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (the Project) and does not assess the risks and impacts associated with the broader Multiphase Programmatic Approach (MPA). The Phase one Project Objective is to address urgent essential service gaps in Vanua Levu, increase availability of market-driven tourism experiences and marketing, and reduce negative environmental and social externalities of tourism. The Project is comprised of the following four components: Component 1: Improving Destination Management, Coordination and Conservation, will focus on (a) integrated tourism master planning; (b) tourism destination development; (c) natural resource management and biodiversity conservation to protect tourism’s underlying assets (e.g. creation of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and the Public Disclosure development of protected area management plans); and (d) emergency management and preparedness for tourism. Component 2: Building Resilient Tourism Infrastructure, will focus on (a) investments in improving existing air connectivity infrastructure and services; (b) urgent essential facilities upgrades and investments required for local population services and natural resource protection (e.g. sewage and solid waste management); and (c) urban beautification of key tourism hubs in Vanua Levu. Component 3: Improving Enabling Environment for Tourism and Capacity Building, while addressing capacity challenges within implementing agencies to support institutional coordination and an enhanced enabling environment for private sector led sustainable tourism. Component 4 is a contingency emergency response component (CERC) for the early recovery and/or specific emergency works, goods, and services, in case of eligible emergencies/crises/disaster caused by natural or man-made hazard including public health crises. During project preparation, detailed planning will be undertaken through TF supported ASAs to scope, plan and prioritize a long list of potential interventions. Project typologies are expected to include small to medium scale civil and construction works, renovations and technical assistance. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The Ministry of Commerce, Trade, Tourism and Transport (MCTTT), which is responsible for tourism policy implementation, will lead project implementation. The MCTTT will establish a Steering Committee (SC) at the Permanent Secretary level to oversee project management. A VLTDP Management Unit (PMU) will be established Jan 23, 2023 Page 4 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) during project preparation under the MCTTT and assume overall responsibility for the project’s execution, oversight, and coordination through the relevant line ministries (economy, commerce, fisheries, forestry, environment, and so on) and the Northern Division Administrative Authority, Savusavu Town Council and Labasa Town Council, the provincial and local administration responsible for specific project activities. The PMU will manage the day-to-day project activities through the engagement of an assigned Project Manager and designated staff to oversee key functions including financial management, procurement, E&S risk management. The PMU will request a project preparation advance (PPA) to finance the preparation of E&S instruments. The MCTTT PMU will recruit staff to manage project commitments under the World Bank's ESF; an environment and social (E&S) Specialist, an environmental officer and a social officer. The E&S Specialist and Officers will be tasked with managing the consultancy who will prepare E&S instruments during project preparation and with E&S screening and assessment of all project activities including downstream and cumulative impacts associated with TA activities, design and implementation of project E&S instruments. MCTTT have committed to nominating an E&S Focal Point to i) coordinate the engagement of the E&S specialist and officers; and ii) manage the consultancy who will develop the E&S instruments during project preparation prior to engagement of the E&S specialist and officers (with Bank support). The E&S Specialist and Officers will establish and monitor two functioning Grievance Mechanisms (GM), a project-wide and project-worker GM capable of receiving complains of a sensitive nature, including with respect to Gender Based Violence and Sexual Exploitation, Abuse and Harassment. The PMU E&S staff will oversee coordination, updating and implementation of environmental and social commitments as per the Environment and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) and the Project’s E&S instruments. The number, variety and complexity of the sub-projects increases as the Project moves into Components 2 and 3. As such, the ESCP will include a commitment for the PMU to Public Disclosure engage additional specialists such as biodiversity, OHS, resettlement, community liaison officers etc. as required. The MCTTT is new to World Bank IPF projects and not familiar with the World Bank project policies and procedures including the ESF, however, have worked previously with the IFC to on the Fiji Tourism Project with included a number of activities such as the Vanua Levu Tourism Market Demand Assessment. In view of the unknown technical and implementation capacity of the implementing partners, the PMU will help mitigate the risk by securing key positions and allocating adequate time on project management. The World Bank Task Team will provide implementation support to the PMU, MCTTT and the Provincial Administration. A draft strategic environmental and social assessment will be developed during project preparation and include recommendations to strengthen the capacity of implementing agencies, regulators (e.g. Department of Environment and Ministry of Forestry) and the PMU. This is the third project in Fiji to be completed under the ESF so the Ministry of Economy have some familiarity with the ESF requirements, however, it is expected that the incumbent E&S Specialist and Officers may not have worked on ESF projects previously. The World Bank Task Team will provide the PMU and E&S Specialist and Officers with training on the ESF and its implementation in the project as per the ESCP. II. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Substantial Environmental Risk Rating Substantial Environmental risk is classified as Substantial. The Project’s objective is to support sustainable tourism development and is expected to generate significant environmental benefits from its focus on resilient tourism infrastructure Jan 23, 2023 Page 5 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) development, investments in nature-based tourism attractions and essential facilities and services (e.g. waste and sewage management) and the promotion and management of protected areas. As a result, the project will enhance and protect Vanua Levu’s ecological values through conserving marine and terrestrial biodiversity and protecting ecosystem functioning and services. Key environmental risks and impacts are associated with the downstream implications of TA activities, such as implementation of the Tourism Master Plan (TMP), resulting in increased tourism. These risks and impacts are expected to be readily managed through i) project design; and ii) the completion and implementation of an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment (SESA) to inform the TMP and further define project design. However, unmitigated risks and impacts are expected to be cumulative and may have some longer term impacts to both the Vanua Levu and Taveuni terrestrial and marine environments. Risks and impacts associated with the direct implementation of project activities are expected to be temporary, predictable and reversible. Potential environmental risks related to the proposed activities, may include direct risks associated with civil works (e.g., infrastructure upgrades, tourism infrastructure and essential facility and service development), and indirect risks (downstream) related to technical assistance (TA) activities, examples of which include development of the TMP and an air transport feasibility study. Direct and downstream potential environmental risks and impacts include resource use (water, energy and construction materials), pollution (dust, sediments, sewerage, solid waste, noise, agrochemicals etc.), and impacts to marine and terrestrial ecosystems from land clearance, contaminant discharge and the introduction of invasive species from both tourism and construction activities. More substantial risks are associated with the potential rehabilitation of the Savusavu dump and design and construction of a new engineered landfill or transfer station, namely inadequate design work (including location) leading to land, marine and groundwater contamination from leachate and run-off, noise, odor, vermin and litter. Additionally, MCTTT have not previously implemented a World Bank financed project Public Disclosure meaning that they may require additional support and capacity building in order to manage environmental risks and maintain ESF compliance. Overall, however, the Project aims to contribute a positive outcome for nature-based tourism attraction investment, and improved management and regulation high biodiversity value areas. In addition, the TA will lead to strengthening institutions in overseeing tourism activities that have environmental implications. Social Risk Rating Substantial The proposed project is expected to generate significant social benefits returning from the Project’s support for employment opportunity in the construction and tourism sector including to women, resilient tourism infrastructure development, emergency management and preparedness for tourism, community and nature-based tourism attraction investments and the promotion and management of protected areas. As a result, the project will increase livelihood opportunity, conserve and protect natural resources that form part of Fijian identity, protect intangible and tangible cultural heritage, increase social inclusion and improve tourism facilities and services that may lead to improved quality of life for host communities. However, the Social Risk Classification of the project has been assessed as ‘Substantial’ mainly because the project presents significant risks and impacts associated with direct investments (i.e., the social risks and impacts on communities living in the proposed Savasavu dump rehabilitation and engineered landfill/ transfer station construction) downstream and cumulative impacts of technical assistance activities. While the risks and impacts are expected to be temporary and predictable, prevention and mitigation of social risks will require significant commitment on the part of MCTTT and other project stakeholders. Potential social risks related to the direct and downstream activities may include (i) inequitable sharing of project (tourism growth) opportunities and benefits among impacted and affected stakeholders, particularly more marginalized, powerless or disadvantaged groups, (ii) poor consultation and planning with stakeholders (including host communities) leading to inappropriately designed or unwanted tourism investment in an area, (iii) decreased health, safety and well-being of workers and project-affected communities as a result of civil works and tourist influx, (iv) exclusion of disadvantaged and Jan 23, 2023 Page 6 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) vulnerable people in the design of project TA activities and infrastructure, (v) negative economic and social impacts (such as reduced food and water security; i.e. impacts to marine based livelihoods or lack of privacy) relating to involuntary or poorly assessed land acquisition, leasing or restrictions as a result of new tourism activities and protected areas including displacement of non-title holders, (vi) discrimination against women, disabled and other vulnerable or historically disadvantaged (indo-Fijian) or marginalized groups in the planning and distribution of benefits such as employment opportunity, (vii) destruction of intangible or tangible cultural heritage as a result of downstream TA activities, (viii) increased gender based violence as a result of women's increased income, lack of child care facilities or the presence of national and international tourists in community settings engaging in sex tourism, (ix) increased SEASH among workers, between workers and local communities and between tourists and local communities and (iix) lack of ESF experience and capacity within MCTTT. Direct, indirect, downstream and cumulative potential social risks and impacts are addressed and elaborated in detail under ESS2, ESS4, ESS5, ESS8 and ESS10 in this ESRS. The social risk rating will be revisited during project preparation as project activities are further defined. The need for additional PMU staff, including a dedicated Communications Officer and Gender & SEASH Specialist will also be assessed. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: Public Disclosure ESS1 is considered relevant. The project will provide considerable E&S benefits through the promotion of sustainable and nature based tourism, protection of marine and terrestrial areas, improved solid waste and wastewater management, and the promotion of renewable energy sources. Key E&S risks and impacts associated with the Project may include land clearance for construction and agriculture; generation of solid waste, waste water, dust, and noise; resource consumption; inequitable benefit sharing; exclusion of or discrimination against disadvantaged or vulnerable people; negative social and economic impacts to community members from changed land use; destruction of cultural heritage; and increased gender based violence or sexual exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment (SEA/SH). An ESMF will be developed during project preparation. The ESMF will examine the risks and impacts of the proposed project activities noting that sub-project details (e.g. scale, locations etc.) are yet to be defined; and ii. outline the principles, rules, guidelines, and procedures to assess the environmental and social risks and impacts (including for associated activities) as well as measures and plans to reduce, mitigate, and/or offset adverse risks and impacts, provisions for estimating and budgeting the costs of such measures, and information on the agencies responsible for addressing project risks and impacts, including on their capacity to manage environmental and social risks and impacts. Additional instruments and E&S inputs will be developed, consulted, disclosed and implemented during project implementation as determined through the E&S screening process such as environmental and social impact assessments (ESIAs), environmental and social management plans (ESMPs), resettlement and livelihood restoration action plans (RAPs), stakeholder engagement plans (SEPs), Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMPs) and the inclusion of E&S risk analysis in feasibility studies. Jan 23, 2023 Page 7 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) A SESA will be developed in two stages to examine the risks and impacts associated with increased tourism and the implementation of the TMP. Stage I: a development of a draft SESA is expected to commence during project preparation, on approval of the PPA, and will be completed during project implementation prior to the commencement of the TMP bidding process. The draft SESA will include i) application of the ESF Standards; ii) baseline information; iii) stakeholder analysis and engagement; iv) a situational analysis of E&S issues; v) identification and assessment of environmental, social and cultural heritage priorities; vi) controls and actions required to inform the Tourism Masterplan (e.g., go/no go zones, ineligable and priority activities etc. for development based on protected or high biodiversity or cultural value areas and institutional capacity and associated capacity building needs and screening of associated facilities); vii) an assessment of capacity of the relevant ministries and sufficiency of national/provincial E&S policies and legislation. The Draft SESA will be used to inform the TMP and to refine and prioritize activities included under Components 2 and 3 and furitre MPA projects. Pre-project TA is currently assessing the scope, design and costing to prioritize and sequence future investments. Feasibility work will be completed during the first two years of project implementation and no physical investments will be permitted until the draft SESA, and related E&S screening protocols, have been approved by the Bank and the PIU has been adequately staffed. Project implementation: The SESA will i) inform the TMP; and ii) be updated to assess the associated E&S risks and impacts. The WB is currently undertaking an assessment of needs and opportunities to improve ecosystem resilience and sustainable tourism in Fiji as part of the Pacific Oceans Programmatic Advisory Services and Analysis (PASA) which will Public Disclosure inform the Draft SESA and subsequently the the TMP. The work combines a national-level assessment with an in- depth focus on the island of Vanua Levu and considers aspects such as areas of environmental significance, impacts of tourism and potential mitigation measures. TORs for the consultancy developing the SESA will require that they consult with key stakeholders such as the Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Fisheries, national and international CSOs and conservation organizations to integrate existing work addressing the protection of environmental and social values of Vanua Levu. Examples include Fiji’s latest tourism development strategy (Fiji Tourism 2021), an IFC market demand assessment, the iTakei Land Trust Board’s (TLTB) Master Plan for the Greater Northern Region (2020-2040), the TLTB Tourism Policy (2010), and the Fiji National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2020-2025). The SESA will consider relevant learnings from the recent IFC Fiji Tourism Project. A Resettlement Framework (RF) will be prepared to guide land acquisition, physical and economic displacement including with respect to involuntary resettlement, land acquisition, restrictions and use for titled and non-title holders. The RF will identify risks or impacts associated with land and natural resource tenure and use, including such as potential project impacts on local land use patterns and tenurial arrangements, land access and availability, food security and land values, and any corresponding risks related to conflict or contestation over land and natural resources, including marine-based and forestry resources. The RF will address ESS5 considerations relevant to proposed activities under the TMP as well as direct investments under the project. A Stakeholder Engagement Framework (SEF) and grievance mechanism (GM) will be prepared during project preparation to establish a structured approach for community outreach and two-way engagement with stakeholders, in appropriate languages, including the vulnerable and disadvantaged groups (poor, disabled, elderly, isolated Jan 23, 2023 Page 8 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) communities), that is based upon meaningful, culturally sensitive consultation and disclosure of appropriate information. The SEF will inform components and sub-project SEPs to be prepared during project implementation. An Labor Management Procedure (LMP) will be developed during project preparation to identify key aspects of labor planning and management including how the Project will protect and support working conditions and management of worker relationships, a grievance mechanism to receive and resolve issues related to labor and working conditions, a COVID safety protocol, a code of conduct for prevention and mitigation of GBV, SEA/SH and STIs, incident reporting, and a procedure to exclude child and forced labor. E&S Specialists will (i) screen TA activities to ensure that they will not support negative downstream and cumulative impacts included in the Exclusion List and reflect key E&S risks, impacts and mitigation measures including ESF and relevant Fiji legal and good international industry practice (GIIP) requirements in terms of reference (TOR); and (ii) review TA outputs to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements. The World Bank will review consultancy TORs (including SESA and TMP) and outputs to provide a ‘No Objection’ prior to finalization to ensure compliance with ESF requirements. A CERC ESMF will be developed within 90 days of project effectiveness and prior to the activation of the CERC to outline the approach for managing potential E&S impacts and risks in accordance with the World Bank’s Rapid Response to Crises and Emergencies: Procedural Guidelines during project implementation but prior to CERC activation. Example activities might include civil and construction works, TA and procurement of goods and services. Public Disclosure The CERC ESMF will include an exclusion list ensuring financed activities do not increase the E&S risk classification Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: Use of the Borrower Framework is not being considered. ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ESS10 is considered relevant. The project will involve an extensive list of stakeholders (both affected and interested parties) including, but not limited to; whole of government (including national government agencies), WB/IFC, civil society and non- governmental organizations, tourism business owners, service providers and investors (including nature and culture based tourism and women business owners and entrepreneurs), tourism sector employees, community based tourism activities, users of land and marine resources, local and international conservation groups, national and international tourists among others. Stakeholder identification and consultation will form part of the ESMF and SESA and inform stakeholder mapping and considerations for project implementation. Prior to appraisal, the Project will develop a robust and detailed SEF that guides preparation of SEPs for all project components (and potentially sub-components) and establishes a structured approach for community outreach and two-way engagement with stakeholders, in appropriate languages, including the vulnerable and disadvantaged groups (poor, disabled, elderly, isolated communities), that is based upon meaningful and culturally sensitive consultation and disclosure of appropriate information. The SEF will describe the process and modalities for sharing Jan 23, 2023 Page 9 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) information on project activities (such as community awareness tools and media briefs), incorporating stakeholder feedback into project design, reporting on stakeholder engagement activities and document disclosure. Clear communication of GBV and SEA/SH risks and prevention measures will be included within stakeholder engagement activities and the project’s LMP. Communications will include information on how to seek GBV-related services, such as the Fiji Women’s Crisis Center (http://www.fijiwomen.com/). MCTTT, in the ESCP, will commit to implementing the WHO Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct, including provisions for SEA/SH prevention. The SEF will outline and establish the project’s GM which will enable stakeholders to raise project related inquiries and grievances. The SEF will include grievance lodgment tools, and investigation and feedback processes. The SEF will furthermore outline how the GM will respond to incidents relating to SEA/SH perpetrated by project workers against other project workers or members of the public as part of infrastructure investments envisaged under component 2. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions ESS2 is considered relevant. Project activities will potentially involve (i) direct workers: including government civil servants and consultants to work in the PMU, (ii) contracted workers: including white collar workers (i.e. administrators and specialists) involved Public Disclosure in TA activities and laborers who participate in labor-intensive works under Component 2.3 and potentially 2.4. During project preparation, the MCTTT will determine whether primary supply workers will be engaged. Primary supply workers may be involved with the deliver of Component 2; through provision of project goods or materials essential for core functioning of the project infrastructure activities. Community workers are not anticipated to form part of the project however this will be verified by MCTTT during project preparation. Identified E&S risks associated with labor and working conditions include the risk of child labor, GBV and SEASH incidents between construction workers and or between workers and host communities / settlement residents, lack of transparency in local hiring processes and exclusion or discrimination against vulnerable or marginalized workers who seek job opportunity (such as women, disabled, and others), health and safety risks leading to injury, exposure to Covid-19, lost livelihood, income and life as a result of work injury. These risks mostly respond to construction activities associated with Component 2 where potential employment generation and work opportunities for the host community/people will be prioritized as part of the component design. To mitigate and prevent these risks, the Project will prepare and implement an LMP. The LMP will identify key aspects of labor planning and management including how the project will protect and support i) working conditions and management of worker relationships, ii) protecting the workforce, iii) a worker grievance mechanism, iv) include a Jan 23, 2023 Page 10 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) COVID safety protocol if applicable v) a code of conduct for prevention and mitigation of: GBV, SEA/SH, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and vi) incident reporting, and vii) mandated age verification procedure for all workers. The Project will also include the requirement that contractors adopt labor intensive approaches and employ semi- skilled and skilled local residents (including men, women and those with disability, depending on the type of work anticipated from each) . Local laborers will be given capacity building and training, and public participation exercises focusing on OHS and the code of conduct. In preparing and updating the LMP, MCTTT will refer to the requirements of national law, ESS2 and the Guidance Note to ESS2. LMP implementation will be incorporated in construction/civil works contracts and form part of the ESCP commitments. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management The TMP and Tourism Destination Development sub-components aim to increase tourism activity in Vanua Levu. Increased tourism may result in downstream and cumulative impacts such as land clearance (for construction and agriculture) and increased demand for resources (construction materials, water and energy) depleting non-renewable resources. Downstream activities will also generate sewerage, solid waste, construction waste and other pollution impacts such as dust, sedimentation or nutrient leaching into waterways, noise, and fuel, chemical and hazardous material contamination. There will be an increase in point source pollution in the running of generators and fueling of machines and vehicles. Public Disclosure Subcomponent 1c (the strengthening of natural resource management and biodiversity conservation) is not expected to have any risks and impacts relating to this standard but rather will mitigate potential impacts such as increased sediment and nutrient runoff from cleared land. Nature Based Tourism Attraction Investments (for example, expansion of the Waisali Forest Reserve walking trails and the development of a visitor/education center), may include small scale construction activities and land clearance. During the construction phase risks and impacts may result from the sourcing of materials (sand, gravel, water and timber) and their transportation (e.g. by road and sea) to the development sites as well as the generation of noise pollution, dust and solid waste. During operations, risks and impacts may include resource use (energy and water), generation of waste and generation of sewerage. Subcomponent 1d (Emergency Management and Preparedness) may include the financing of facilities and equipment for combined pandemic and climate emergency preparedness and management and the procurement of safety equipment. Potential E&S risks an impacts include those typically associated with small scale construction such as increased dust and noise and resource consumption and the generation of construction waste, wastewater and e- waste. Subcomponent 2a (investments to improve connectivity) may include both physical works (e.g., upgrading existing infrastructure such as airport buildings and safety improvements, upgrading an existing wharf and some small scale civil works such as fixing a slip and other safety improvements to the road from Labasa to Savusavu) and TA activities (e.g., a feasibility studies for long term investments to expand air transport). Jan 23, 2023 Page 11 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Subcomponent 2b (Resilient Essential Facilities and Services) is considering investments such as improvements to solid waste, wastewater and sanitation management and renewable energy sources) which are crucial for the well- being of Vanua Levu’s host population and environment and would mitigate against existing environmental liabilities and some downstream risks and impacts from the implementation of the TMP. Consultation with line ministries and local councils indicated solid and sewage waste management as priority areas to reduce the pollution risks and impacts associated with increased tourism. The WB visited the Savusavu municipal dump site where observations and discussions with the Town Council noted that the site is over capacity and suffers from associated environmental issues. The Savusavu Town Council has been advised via a memorandum from the Director of Lands to look for an alternative site for the rubbish dump due to the detrimental implications of the dump to the mangrove and marine ecosystem and ultimately Savusavu Bay. The Savusavu Council have identified a potential site but it is yet to be determined if the site is suitable and whether the site would be used for a transfer station or engineered landfill. TA work will be completed during project preparation to complete a conceptual analysis of the different waste management options for Savusavu and Labasa and for rehabilitation of the existing Savusavu dump site. There is some sewage treatment in Labasa but no sewage treatment plant in Savusavu, and businesses and residences in Savusavu are required to maintain their own sewage treatment system or septic tanks. Waste from the septic tanks is treated at the Labasa sewage treatment plant which consists of a series of oxidation ponds. The Project will support Water Authority Fiji in formulating the “Water 2050 Vision” strategy that will investigate options for circular economy, lay out water supply and sanitation investment plans in Vanua Levu as well as promote sector coordination between water, energy, and urban development. Lastly, most tourism businesses in Savusavu and Labasa use diesel- generated town power or individual diesel generators, the Pre-project TA will undertake a feasibility study to harness Vanua Levu’s abundant renewable energy such as solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal as well as Public Disclosure possible expansion of the distribution network. Components 2a and 2b have the potential to create pollution risks from spills of hazardous materials, inappropriate waste management processes and erosion control measures and the consumption of natural resources (energy, water, construction materials and aggregates). If the extraction of building material sourcing such as sand and gravels, cement, timbers, and water do not follow a sustainable process permitted by relevant authorities and in accordance with National legislation and GIIP, there is a risk of overexploitation and pollution of soil, surface and groundwater amongst others. More substantial risks are associated with the potential rehabilitation of the Savusavu dump and design and construction of a new engineered landfill or transfer station, namely inadequate design work (including location) leading to land, marine and groundwater contamination from leachate and run-off, noise, odor, vermin and litter. Subcomponent 2c (improving the cityscape of Savusavu and Labasa) is expected to include activities such as constructing safe walkways and bike lanes, creating green areas, general clean-up/beautification programs and building public toilets etc. The environmental impacts are expected to be minimal and within the scope of those discussed above. Component 3 seeks to improve the enabling environment for tourism and build capacity within the implementing agencies potentially increasing the number of tourists visiting Vanua Levu. Potential associated risks and impacts of increased tourism are discussed above however, positive impact are expected from policy, regulatory and capacity enhancements such as improved zoning and building codes to leverage resource efficient models (e.g., including requirements regarding renewable energy in building codes). Other opportunities considered through the Jan 23, 2023 Page 12 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Identification Mission included building the capacity the Department of Environment and Ministry of Forestry (in particular of the wardens to help prevent poaching and clearing of protected areas). The ESMF will include an analysis of the concept stage risks and impacts of the indicative physical investments in Component 2 and E&S screening procedures and forms that will be used to determine the level of E&S assessment required to manage the activities and associated risks and impacts that have been discussed above. Any new or upgraded infrastructure will be designed to be climate-resilient and E&S screening criteria included in the ESMF will screen out activities that do not incorporate energy/water/waste efficiency measures. A SESA will examine the above risks and impacts and include a situational analysis of issues relating to the consumption of natural resources and pollution generation and identify priorities, controls and actions required to both inform the TMP and to manage downstream and cumulative risks. ESS4 Community Health and Safety The ESS4 is considered relevant. Component 1. Improving Destination Management, Coordination and Conservation: Subcomponents 1a Integrated Tourism Master Planning, 1b Tourism Destination Development and 1c Natural Resource Management Strengthening and Biodiversity include key objectives to promote a robust tourism industry including an increase in tourism activity in Vanua Levu, marketing of Vanua Levu to priority segments in target Public Disclosure markets and enhancement and implementation of Fiji’s biodiversity conservation efforts and investments, such as rehabilitation and expansion of walking and hiking trails, interpretation, and the development of a visitor/environmental education center within the Waisali Forest Reserve. Potential downstream and cumulative environmental and social risks relating to community health and safety include: i) host communities introduced or exposed to ‘anti-social’ behavior: smoking, drug-use, alcohol consumption, culturally inappropriate interactions or behaviors e.g. tourist lack of respect for village dress-code or social tension as a result of inappropriate greetings or mis-matched expectations over food and cleanliness standards compared to local norms, ii) increased Gender Based Violence as men respond to women or children’s exposure, interaction or involvement with national and international tourists (potentially of opposite/other sex) or women’s increased income resulting in financial independence from men in a household, iii) SEAH and safety risks including the potential for sexual exploitation, abuse or harassment of women, girls, boys and disabled people by tourists/laborers without consent or in exchange for goods and services, iv) spread of disease or health related issues such as sexually transmitted infections, HIV/AIDS, Covid19 and other and v) lack of universal access to facilities and services promoted or constructed under these components and iv) the potential for newly formed or enforced protected areas to prevent local people from deriving subsistence and/or livelihoods from these areas. If formation or enforcement of protected areas leads to changes in social behavior, i.e. women and children must source food and water from new and distant locations then this may increase the risk of sexual abuse, exploitation, or harassment at new and unsafe locations. The SEAH risk to local people may also be increased if protected areas are monitored by security personnel. Similar risks and impacts are anticipated for component 1d) Emergency Management and Preparedness for Tourism with a key risk centering on exclusion of differently abled persons in the climate emergency management system and contingency planning. Jan 23, 2023 Page 13 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Component 2. Building Resilient Tourism Infrastructure. The component will focus on (a) investments in improving existing air connectivity infrastructure and services; (b) urgent essential facilities upgrades and investments required for local population services and natural resource protection; and (c) urban beautification of key tourism hubs in Vanua Levu through interim and permanent interventions. The project will finance planning and direct investments in all three areas, which will be expanded during future project phases. During the construction phase risks and impacts may result from i) lack of OHS procedures resulting in laborer incidents and fatalities, ii) labor influx and lack of worker protocols resulting in social tensions, increased GBV and SEAH incidents, spread of Covid-19, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS or other. The key E&S risks relate to: i) the potential for labor influx and worker spread of STIs, HIV/AIDS, Covid-19 and other infectious diseases and viruses, ii) GBV and SEAH incidents perpetrated between project workers or by workers toward community members, and iii) lack of universal access in infrastructure design. Component 3. Improving Enabling Environment for Tourism and Capacity Building addresses capacity challenges within implement agencies to support institutional coordination and an enhanced enabling environment for private sector led sustainable tourism. No community health and safety risks are anticipated in connection to this component. Component 4. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). Community health and safety risks and impacts will be considered as part of CERC preparation subject to the World Bank’s activation policy. To prevent and mitigate against aforementioned environmental and social risks and impacts, including potential Public Disclosure downstream and cumulative impacts associated with technical assistance activities a SESA will systematically examine issues relating to community health and safety and identify priorities, controls and actions required to both inform the TMP and to manage downstream and cumulative risks. The ESMF will include E&S screening procedures and forms that will be used to determine the level of E&S assessment required to manage the activities and associated risks and impacts that have been discussed above. Instruments will include, but are not limited to; establishment of a project-wide and worker GM, a COVID safety protocol, a code of conduct for prevention and mitigation of: GBV, SEA/SH, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), incident reporting and (potentially) a Labor Influx Management Plan. In the event that the strengthening of Protected Areas envisions the need to enhance existing security measures (and/or including armed security personnel), the Project will develop a security protocol aligned with the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights. The MCTTT ES Specialist and Officers will furthermore screen TA activities and enforce the ESCP exclusion lists to be developed as part of the ESMF and Draft SESA. The E&S Specialist and Officers will reflect key E&S aspects and risks and mitigation measures including ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements in consultancy TORs; and review TA outputs to ensure compliance with these requirements. World Bank E&S Specialists will review consultancy TORs and outputs to provide a ‘No Objection’ prior to finalization to ensure compliance with ESF requirements. These commitments will be included within the ESCP. ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement Component 1. Improving Destination Management, Coordination and Conservation will focus on (a) integrated tourism master planning; (b) tourism destination development including product development, destination Jan 23, 2023 Page 14 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) awareness and skills enhancements; (c) natural resource management and biodiversity conservation to protect tourism’s underlying assets; and (d) emergency management and preparedness for tourism. While project activities are anticipated to focus on state owned land and lands held under long-term leases, there is a possibility that even land use agreements could still be ‘involuntary’ by definition given that tourism locations are often fixed and land owners or right holders cannot exercise ‘power of choice’. The risk of involuntary resettlement or land acquisition/use restrictions (including to marine-based livelihoods) will be explicitly addressed, as well as economic and physical displacement of non-title holders occupying land earmarked for tourism development. The potential for involuntary resettlement and or land acquisition/use or restriction, mostly likely on a temporary basis may furthermore be required to accommodate emergency activities proposed under subcomponent d. This potential risk is a downstream impact of the EP&R program. Component 2. focuses on (a) investments in improving existing air connectivity infrastructure and services; (b) urgent essential facilities upgrades and investments required for local population services and natural resource protection; and (c) urban beautification of key tourism hubs in Vanua Levu through interim and permanent interventions. The project will finance planning and direct investments in all three areas, which will be expanded during future project phases. Connectivity Investments will support in situ investments in terminals and safety improvements for both Labasa and Savusavu domestic airports while exploring long term options to expand air infrastructure. Furthermore, the project will support funding no-regret investments in essential facilities and services in tourism hotspots including a new solid waste management facility for Savusavu; rehabilitation of existing Savusavu dump site, water supply and sanitation investment plans in Vanua Levu (e.g. rooftop solar and expansion of the energy distribution network); constructing safe walkways and bike ways in Savusavu and Labasa; creating and upkeeping green areas; building and Public Disclosure maintaining public toilets; installing adequate signage and bins; introducing general clean-up/beautification programs; outfitting a planned visitor information center in the new Savusavu market; creating pedestrian ways, cosmetic renovation of café and retail spaces. Similarly to component 1, ESS5 risks and impacts relate to the potential for involuntary land acquisition, restrictions to land use and the economic and physical displacement of land users including non-title holders. Component 3. Improving Enabling Environment for Tourism and Capacity Building. ESS5 is not deemed relevant to this component. Component 4. Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC). ESS5 risks and impacts will be considered as part of CERC preparation subject to the World Bank’s activation policy. In conclusion, to address the project’s direct, downstream and cumulative risks associated with land acquisition, use and restrictions the MCTTT will; (i) include preliminary risk and impact assessments in relation to ESS5 for all proposed plans and investments, including direct and downstream impacts (ii) produce a Resettlement Framework (RF) to guide screening, assessment, resettlement plan development and compensation for land acquisition and leasing (including involuntary land acquisition/restrictions/resettlement, and the process for guiding negotiated settlements and voluntary donation), impact assessment, mitigation and compensation for temporary or permeant physical and economic displacement to titled and non-title holders; (iii) the E&S Specialist and Officers will screen TA activities and enforce the ESMF, SESA and ESCP exclusion list; (iv) E&S Specialist and Officers will reflect key E&S aspects and risks and mitigation measures including ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements in consultancy TORs; and review TA outputs to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements. World Jan 23, 2023 Page 15 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Bank E&S Specialists will review consultancy TORs and outputs to provide a ‘No Objection’ prior to finalization to ensure compliance with ESF requirements. These commitments will be reflected within the ESCP. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources The ESS is considered relevant. Land clearance may occur as both a direct impact of construction/civil works/rehabilitation activities, as an impact from preliminary suppliers or a downstream impact from TA activities such as TMP implementation noting that the majority of indicative physical investments included in Component 2 will require little to no land disturbance as they will be within the existing infrastructure footprint, potenitally with the exception of construction of a new engineered landfill or transfer station or construction of a passing lane or repair of a slip on the Labasa to Savusavu road. Key risks and impacts associated with this standard relate to land clearance; introduction of invasive species; uncontrolled logging for building materials; and sedimentation or other pollutants entering waterways or ocean due to increased land clearance, agriculture, aggregate extraction, and poorly managed waste disposal or sewerage. These risks and impacts are generally expected to be cumulative. The Government have committed to replanting 30 million trees. Specifically, in Vanua Levu, the Ministry of Forestry discussed their intention to protect 17% of the island’s forest area noting that they are currently working towards Public Disclosure obtaining formal leases of the areas and alternative revenue sources for communities that are reliant on those areas. Unregulated deforestation and forest degradation are extensive in the peninsula area, while introduced species such as cats, rats, and the Small Indian Mongoose (predators), Crown of Thorns (coral predator), goats and pigs (habitat modifiers), African Tulip Trees (crowds out native species), and Kudzu (fast growing vine that out competes native species) also represent a serious threat to native wildlife. For example, in the Natewa peninsula, the Natewa Silktail (Lamprolia klinesmithi) and Natewa Swallowtail (Papilio natewa) are birds and butterflies both endemic to this area, but highly threatened by anthropogenic pressures. Discussions with the Ministry of Forestry noted an increase in illegal land clearance and poaching since the commencement of the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased tourism can further increase i) deforestation through the increased demand for land for infrastructure and agriculture as well as to source building materials; and ii) introduce invasive alien species through tourism activities or material sourcing. Fiji’s Biosecurity Promulgation 2008 prevents the entry of an animal and plant pests and diseases into the Fiji Islands, controlling their establishment and spread in the Fiji Islands. The Biosecurity Authority of Fiji (BAF) is the implementing agency. If the sourcing of building material (sand and gravel, cement, timbers and water) does not follow a sustainable process as permitted by relevant authorities and in accordance with National legislation and GIIP and the World Bank ESF and EHS Guidelines, there is a risk of over-exploitation and sedimentation entering into the river which could lead to the smothering of river fauna, reduction in the depths of rivers and accumulation near the river mouth, bank erosion and shrinking, sinking deltas and destruction of the habitats of aquatic fauna and micro-organism as well as impacts to groundwater recharge. Jan 23, 2023 Page 16 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) Fiji’s marine ecosystem services are estimated to have a value of 2.5 billion Fijian dollars. Key coastal habitats in Vanua Levu include coral reefs, mangrove habitats and seagrass. These habits protect the island’s coast, are important carbon stores and act as nursery areas to provide support for food security, livelihoods, tourism and other human activities. The introduction of contaminants such as sedimentation, agrochemicals, sewage waste or leachate from poorly managed dumps to waterways or the marine environment would result the degradation of these ecosystems. The management and regulation of Fiji’s protected areas (PAs) is highly fragmented: its 42 formally protected areas are divided into 11 different types, managed by five separate government entities, and governed by 26 distinct pieces of legislation. The lack of harmonization, in addition to limited financial resources, has hampered Fiji’s biodiversity conservation efforts. Most PAs do not have management plans. In 2010, Fiji made a commitment to protect 30 percent of marine and 17 percent of terrestrial areas by 2020 as part of the Aichi Targets. Component 1 will have a positive impact on biodiversity conservation through the development of PA management plans in Vanua Levu, the expansion of locally managed marine areas (LMMA), support for the creation of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and strengthened policy and enforcement for PAs as well as supporting awareness raising to educate communities, NGOs, and tourism operators about the need for environmental conservation and tactics to achieve it. For communities who express interest in developing LMMAs, technical assistance would be provided to help explore instruments, advise on the structuring of agreements, and help develop monitoring frameworks. The World Bank’s ongoing Pacific Oceans Programmatic Advisory Services and Analytics (PASA) program, under the Environment, Natural Resources and Blue Economy Global Practice, also supports research on this topic in Fiji to Public Disclosure further inform project design. The illegal sale of wildlife is a signficant issue in Fiji. Whilst this is this a core investment activity area nor the core mandate of the implementing the SESA will assess the impacts as they relate to project activities and the team will consider options through strengthening the protected area management plans with the aim to raise the profile of illegal trade for government action. The SESA will confirm the presence of threatened/endangered species according to the IUCN Classification, the sensitivity of the project site and affected areas as well as new and existing PAs. The SESA will i) identify ‘no go zones’ (such as protected areas and areas of critical habitat or high biodiversity or cultural value) and guidance around ineligible activities to inform the TMP as well as project design; ii) measures to adequately avoid, minimize and mitigate any potential impacts consistent with ESS6, local legislation and GIIP requirements also considering the assessment and management of cumulative impacts and those associated with primary suppliers; and iii) criteria and related methodology on when and how to carry out a critical habitat assessment at the sub-project level. The ESMF screening procedure will dictate the exclusion of activities that may impact critical or high value biodiversity habitats and require the completion of environmental and social assessments for subprojects as appropriate. Compliance with national legislation will also assist in the mitigation of project risks. Approving authorities and legislation are in place for project development especially in sanitation and pollution management and, in Fiji, a river gravel license is issued by the Director of Lands in compliance with the Rivers Streams Act (Cap 136) and Environment Management Act 2005. In the case of logging or tree species harvesting a license is issued by the Conservator of Forest meeting the requirements of Forest Act (Cap 150), Codes of Logging Practices and Environment Management Act 2005. Jan 23, 2023 Page 17 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities ESS7 is not relevant to the Project. The Indigenous Peoples of Fiji, the iTaukei, are the mainstream society in Fiji. The iTaukei represent the majority, or 57 percent of the population according to the 2007 census. As iTaukei customary cultural, economic, social and political institutions are the mainstream culture of Fijian society, ESS7 in not considered relevant. The remaining population in Fiji are comprised of Indo-Fijians (38 percent), whose ancestors migrated to the Fijian Islands in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The remaining 5 percent consist of other minority communities, including people from various Pacific Island countries, Australia, New Zealand, the People’s Republic of China, and Europe. The Project’s ESCP and SEF will commit the project to raising awareness and conducting stakeholder engagement with disadvantaged or vulnerable individuals and groups across the Fijian population, including across diverse ethnic groups. Awareness raising and stakeholder engagement will be adapted to account for such groups or individuals’ particular sensitivities, concerns and cultural sensitivities. ESS8 Cultural Heritage Public Disclosure ESS8 is considered relevant. There is a high likelihood that the project will involve legally protected cultural heritage areas, commercial use of cultural heritage and/or impact tangible or intangible cultural heritage given that the project will promote tourism growth, infrastructure and services development, nature-based tourism and the development of protected areas. The ESMF and SESA will propose measures to adequately avoid, minimize and mitigate any potential impacts consistent with ESS8, local legislation and GIIPS requirements including the exclusion of activities that may create adverse impacts on cultural heritage. The ESMF will furthermore provide guidance on the screening, assessment and development of a Cultural Heritage Management Plan addressing provisions for specific types of cultural heritage, including tangible and intangible heritage. The ESCP will include a chance find procedure. In order to prevent and mitigate against potential downstream impacts associated with technical assistance activities such as the TMP and Connectivity Investments the E&S Specialist/Officers will: (i) screen TA activities to ensure that they will not support downstream and cumulative impacts included in the ESCP exclusion list and reflect key E&S aspects and risks and mitigation measures including ESF and relevant Fiji legal and good international industry practice (GIIP) requirements in consultancy terms of reference (TOR); and (ii) review TA outputs to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements. World Bank E&S Specialists will review consultancy TORs and Component 2 outputs to provide a ‘No Objection’ prior to finalization to ensure compliance with ESF requirements. These commitments will be reflected within the project ESCP. Jan 23, 2023 Page 18 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) ESS9 Financial Intermediaries No Financial Intermediaries are anticipated as part of the project. C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No III. WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DUE DILIGENCE A. Is a common approach being considered? No Financing Partners NA B. Proposed Measures, Actions and Timing (Borrower’s commitments) Actions to be completed prior to Bank Board Approval: Public Disclosure -Development, consultation and disclosure of the ESCP, ESMF (including SESA TOR), RF, SEF and LMP. -Engagement of an E&S Specialist staff, and and Environmental Officer and Social Officer -E&S Specialists will screen (TA) activities and TA outputs to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant local legal and GIIP requirements. Possible issues to be addressed in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP): - Development, consultation and disclosure of the Draft SESA prior to the commencement of the TMP bidding process. - Review and update the ESMF if required based on any adjustments made to project design based on Draft SESA findings. -Review and update of the Draft SESA to consider risks and impacts of the Final Tourism Master Plan. - Final SESA and ESMF disclosed prior to commencing project activities. -Instrument preparation, consultation, disclosure, and adoption, as defined by the SESA screening process, prior to the commencement of specific project activities (e.g. an ESIA or ESMP prior to the rehabilitation of a wharf or construction of eco-tourism infrastructure). -Continued full time engagement of an E&S Specialist, Environmental Officer and Social Officer. -That E&S Specialists: (i) screen TA activities to ensure that they will not support negative downstream and cumulative impacts included in the ESCP and SESA exclusion list and reflect key E&S aspects and risks and mitigation measures including ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements in consultancy terms of reference (TOR); and (ii) review TA outputs to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements. World Bank E&S Specialists will review consultancy TORs and outputs to provide a ‘No Objection’ prior to finalization to ensure compliance with ESF and relevant Fiji legal and GIIP requirements. Jan 23, 2023 Page 19 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) -E&S reporting (including incidents). -Capacity building activities (trainings) as defined in the Draft SESA. C. Timing Tentative target date for preparing the Appraisal Stage ESRS 28-Apr-2023 IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Fei Deng Title: Lead Transport Specialist, Program Leader Telephone No: 5740+6533 / 612-923-6533 Email: fdeng@worldbank.org Contact: Iretomiwa Olatunji Title: Senior Natural Resources Management Specialist Telephone No: 5766+8904 / 679-322-8904 Email: iolatunji@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of Economy Public Disclosure Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Ministry of Commerce, Trade, Tourism and Transport Implementing Agency: Labasa Town Council Implementing Agency: Fiji Roads Authority Implementing Agency: Water Authority Fiji Implementing Agency: Savusavu Town Council Implementing Agency: Ministry of Forestry Implementing Agency: Airports Fiji Limited Implementing Agency: Ministry of Fisheries Implementing Agency: Ministry of Waterways and Environment V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Jan 23, 2023 Page 20 of 21 The World Bank Fiji Tourism Development Program in Vanua Levu (P178694) The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Iretomiwa Olatunji, Fei Deng Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Ingo Wiederhofer Recommended on 13-Dec-2022 at 08:25:6 GMT-05:00 Safeguards Advisor ESSA Nina Chee (SAESSA) Cleared on 23-Jan-2023 at 14:48:8 GMT-05:00 Public Disclosure Jan 23, 2023 Page 21 of 21