ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR
UPGRADATION OF EXISTING 240 MLD STP AND ASSOCIATED
INFRASTRUCTURE INCLUDING ONE TERMINAL SEWAGE PUMP STATION AT
VASNA
(Revised)
GUJARAT RESILIENT CITIES PARTNERSHIP: AHMEDABAD CITY
RESILIENCE PROJECT (G-ACRP)
2022
Prepared by
TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LTD.
For
AHMEDABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
DOCUMENT NO.: TCE.12369A-ENV-2015-ESIA-01-R6
Official Use
Note:
This document is approved vide resolution number: 136 dated 21/06/2022 by Municipal commissioner,
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
ESIA FOR UPGRADATION OF EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022
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Table of Contents
SUMMARY 1
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 42
1.1 Background .................................................................................................................... 42
1.2 The rationale for the Proposed Sub-Project: Upgradation of existing 240 MLD STP and
associated infrastructure including One Terminal Sewage Pump Station at Vasna ............ 42
1.3 Proposed Sub-project Details ......................................................................................... 45
1.4 Objectives and Scope of the ESIA .................................................................................... 46
1.5 Environmental and Social Risks: An overview.................................................................. 48
1.6 Structure of the Report .................................................................................................. 48
CHAPTER 2. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ............................................................ 49
2.1 Technical Guidelines on Sewerage and Drainage at National Level................................... 49
2.2 Standards for Discharge of Treated Sewage .................................................................... 50
2.3 The World Bank ESF and Environmental and Social Standards (ESS) ................................. 55
2.3.1 G-ACRP ESMF ..................................................................................................................... 56
2.3.1.1 Sub-project Screening and Categorisation ....................................................................... 56
CHAPTER 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ........................................................... 59
3.1 Methodology for Environmental Baseline Data Collection ............................................... 59
3.1.1 Area of Influence ................................................................................................................ 59
3.1.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ......................................................................................... 60
3.1.3 Noise Levels ........................................................................................................................ 60
3.1.4 Water and Wastewater Quality Monitoring ....................................................................... 60
3.1.5 Monitoring of Groundwater ............................................................................................... 61
3.1.6 Land Environment .............................................................................................................. 61
3.1.7 Sludge ................................................................................................................................ 61
3.1.8 Biological Environment ....................................................................................................... 61
3.1.9 Socio-Economic Environment .............................................................................................. 61
3.1.10 Data Analysis...................................................................................................................... 61
3.2 Project Location ............................................................................................................. 62
3.3 Environmental Audit of the existing STP ......................................................................... 63
3.4 Environmental & Social Baseline..................................................................................... 65
3.4.1 Physiography and Climate .................................................................................................. 65
3.4.2 Hydrology, Hydrogeology, and Soil..................................................................................... 67
3.4.3 Land Use & Land Cover ....................................................................................................... 70
3.4.4 Cultural Heritage ................................................................................................................ 70
3.4.5 Ecology and Biodiversity ..................................................................................................... 72
3.4.6 Air Quality .......................................................................................................................... 79
3.4.7 Water Availability and Quality ........................................................................................... 82
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3.4.8 Soil Quality ......................................................................................................................... 90
3.4.9 Sludge & Sediment ............................................................................................................. 91
3.4.10 Ambient Noise .................................................................................................................... 96
3.5 Traffic Assessment ......................................................................................................... 98
3.5.1 Accidents Prone Locations .................................................................................................. 99
3.5.2 Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index................................................................. 101
3.5.3 Natural Disaster Assessment ............................................................................................ 101
3.6 Socio-Economic Baseline .............................................................................................. 102
3.7 Governance & administrative context ........................................................................... 112
3.8 Other developments in the Project Area and Sabarmati Riverfront ................................ 112
CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................ 114
4.1 Strategy Change: Abandoning Centralised Treatment in STP, to follow decentralized
treatment ‘on site’ ....................................................................................................... 114
4.2 Zero or NO project Alternative (without Project Scenario) ............................................. 115
4.3 Demolition of existing STP and Complete reconstruction of existing STP ........................ 115
4.4 Technology Alternatives ............................................................................................... 116
4.4.1 Screening of Technologies for STP .................................................................................... 116
4.4.2 Factors for Selection of Treatment Technology ................................................................. 117
4.4.2.1 Compliance with the NGT standards .............................................................................. 117
4.4.2.2 Utilization of Existing Units and Process Reliability for Consistent Effluent Quality ....... 117
4.4.2.3 Capital Cost.................................................................................................................... 117
4.4.2.4 Less Footprint Requirement ........................................................................................... 118
4.4.2.5 Ease in Operation & Maintenance and Lower Associated Cost ...................................... 118
4.4.2.6 Proven Track Record of Operation in Indian climate ...................................................... 118
CHAPTER 5. ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS ............... 120
5.1 Proposed Subproject details as per Feasibility Report ................................................... 120
5.2 Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts of the Subproject ...................................... 120
5.3 Impact Assessment Methodology ................................................................................. 121
5.3.1 Magnitude and Duration of Impacts ................................................................................. 121
5.3.2 Sensitivity of Receptor ...................................................................................................... 122
5.3.3 Significance of the impact ................................................................................................ 122
5.3.4 Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts in Local Area ............................................... 122
5.3.4.1 ESS 1: ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF E&S RISKS AND IMPACTS ......................... 122
5.3.4.2 ESS 2: LABOUR AND WORKING CONDITIONS ................................................................. 123
5.3.4.3 ESS 3: RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT ....... 129
5.3.4.4 ESS 4: COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY ..................................................................... 144
5.3.4.5 ESS 5: LAND ACQUISITION, RESTRICTIONS ON LANDUSE AND INVOLUNTARY
RESETTLEMENT .............................................................................................................. 147
5.3.4.6 ESS6: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LIVING
NATURAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................... 148
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5.3.4.7 ESS7: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES/SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN HISTORICALLY UNDERSERVED
TRADITIONAL LOCAL COMMUNITIES ............................................................................. 150
5.3.4.8 ESS 8: CULTURAL HERITAGE ........................................................................................... 150
5.3.4.9 ESS9: FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES ................................................................................ 150
5.3.4.10 ESS10: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ........................ 150
5.3.5 Cumulative Impacts .......................................................................................................... 152
5.4 Status of Incorporation of ESIA comments in the Draft FR ............................................. 162
CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN .......... 166
6.1 Scope of ESMP ............................................................................................................. 166
6.2 Proposed Environmental and Social Management Plan ................................................. 166
6.3 Proposed Environmental and Social Management Plan ................................................. 168
6.4 Disaster Management and Emergency Preparedness .................................................... 195
6.4.1 Approach to DMP ............................................................................................................. 195
6.4.1.1 Identified Emergency Situations .................................................................................... 195
6.4.1.2 Proposed Organizational Structure for Disaster Management ....................................... 196
6.5 Proposed Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................ 202
6.6 Estimated Budget for Implementation and Supervision of ESMP ................................... 210
6.7 Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) Compliance ................................... 216
CHAPTER 7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ..................................................................... 218
7.1 Proposed Institutional Arrangement for Implementation of ESMP, Supervision, Monitoring
.................................................................................................................................... 218
7.2 Capacity Building.......................................................................................................... 223
7.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism .................................................................................. 227
CHAPTER 8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ................................ 229
8.1 Objectives of Public Consultation.................................................................................. 229
8.2 Legal Requirements...................................................................................................... 229
8.3 Approach to Public Consultation................................................................................... 229
8.4 Information Disclosure ................................................................................................. 233
ANNEXURES ................................................................................................................................ 234
ANNEXURE I: INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION .......................................... 235
ANNEXURE II: APPLICABLE REGULATIONS ................................................................................... 251
ANNEXURE III: WORLD BANK ESSs APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT ................................................ 272
ANNEXURE IV: BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT: FLORA & FAUNA ..................................................... 282
ANNEXURE V: OHS RISKS DURING VARIOUS SUBPROJECT PHASES .............................................. 290
ANNEXURE VI: DISCUSSION ON MAJOR PROPOSED/ ONGOING PROJECTS IN AHMEDABAD ....... 297
ANNEXURE VII: ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF EXISTING VASNA 240 MLD STP, AHMEDABAD ....... 302
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 303
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, AHMEDABAD ................................... 303
3. DESIGN QUANTITY & QUALITY OF WASTEWATER: ............................................................. 305
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4. PROCESS AND TREATMENT UNIT’S DESCRIPTION ............................................................... 306
a) Inlet Chamber ...................................................................................................................... 306
b) Drum Screen Unit ................................................................................................................ 307
c) Grit Chamber ....................................................................................................................... 307
d) Primary Clarifier .................................................................................................................. 308
e) Aeration Tank ...................................................................................................................... 309
f) Secondary Clarifier .............................................................................................................. 309
g) Sludge Thickener ................................................................................................................. 310
h) Sludge Digester ................................................................................................................... 310
i) Belt Filter Press ...................................................................................................................... 311
j) Gas Holder .............................................................................................................................. 311
k) Chlorine Contact Tank (CCT) ............................................................................................... 312
l) Discharge/ outlet point of STP ............................................................................................... 312
m) Equipment List (Civil)........................................................................................................... 313
5. AUDIT FINDINGS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ........................................... 314
ANNEXURE VIII: OUTCOME OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS FOR STPs AT VASNA AHMEDABAD
.................................................................................................................................................... 328
List of Tables
Table 1: Sewage Generation Details .............................................................................................................. 44
Table 2: Cost Estimate bases for the Proposed STP Rehabilitation and allied facilities .................................. 46
Table 3: Comparison of Sewage Discharge Norms/ Orders in India ................................................................ 51
Table 4: NGT suggested Discharge parameters for Treated Sewage ............................................................... 52
Table 5: Comparison of Treated Sewage Discharge Standards across Countries ............................................ 53
Table 6: CPCB Designated Best Use Classification of Rivers ............................................................................ 55
Table 7: Activities Excluded from G-ACRP as per ESMF .................................................................................. 56
Table 8: Phase wise Procedures for Moderate Risk category of Projects ........................................................ 57
Table 9: Applicable Standards for Various Environmental Parameters .......................................................... 61
Table 10: Neighboring Land uses of Vasna 240 MLD STP ................................................................................ 62
Table 11: Rainfall Statistics for Ahmedabad District ....................................................................................... 67
Table 12: Ecology and Biodiversity Survey Locations ..................................................................................... 73
Table 13: Air Quality in Ahmedabad City ....................................................................................................... 79
Table 14: Air Quality Baseline Monitoring Locations ...................................................................................... 80
Table 15: Results of Baseline Air Quality Monitoring ..................................................................................... 81
Table 16: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results ..................................................................................... 83
Table 17: Ground Water Level pre-monsoon 2019 ........................................................................................ 86
Table 18: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Results ..................................................................................... 87
Table 19: Results of Soil Analysis ................................................................................................................... 90
Table 20 Sludge & Soil Quality ....................................................................................................................... 93
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Table 21 Sampling locations of noise levels ................................................................................................... 96
Table 22: Type of Vehicles registered with COT (dated 9 June 2021) .............................................................. 98
Table 23: Accidents during past three years ................................................................................................. 100
Table 24: Major factors for accidents along the major roads ....................................................................... 100
Table 25: Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index of Gujarat clusters .............................................. 101
Table 26: Habitation wise FHTC Coverage( Reported Till 06/03/2022) Financial Year: 2021-2022, Ahmedabad
District ................................................................................................................................... 108
Table 27: Diseases in Ahmedabad City: 2018 - 20 ........................................................................................ 111
Table 28: Labor Force Participation Rate (CWS) July 19 to Sept 20 ............................................................... 111
Table 29: STP Inlet Outlet Quality viz a viz Standards/ Norms...................................................................... 115
Table 30: Comparison of Various Biological Treatment Options .................................................................. 116
Table 31: Aspects for Determining the Magnitude of Impacts ..................................................................... 121
Table 32: Criteria for Determining Sensitivity .............................................................................................. 122
Table 33: Assessment of Significance of Negative and Positive Impacts ....................................................... 122
Table 34: Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise ....................................................................... 138
Table 35 Carbon emissions from the conveyance of sewage from TSPS ....................................................... 141
Table 36 Carbon emissions from operation of STP ....................................................................................... 141
Table 37 Carbon emissions from handling and disposal of sludge ................................................................ 141
Table 38 Comparative Analysis .................................................................................................................... 141
Table 39: Environmental Impacts on VECs (at Regional Level) ..................................................................... 154
Table 40: Cumulative Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts of proposed STP improvements at the
Local/near Site Level and Mitigation measures ...................................................................... 155
Table 41: Summary of Risks and Impacts and their Significance before and after Mitigation ....................... 160
Table 42: Suggested Discharge Standards .................................................................................................... 164
Table 43: ESMP for Rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP ............................................................................ 168
Table 44 Disaster Vulnerability .................................................................................................................... 196
Table 45 Disaster Management Plan for 240 MLD STP ................................................................................. 199
Table 46: Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan: Construction Phase................................................... 203
Table 47: Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan: Operation Phase ....................................................... 208
Table 48: Budget for ESMP Implementation ................................................................................................ 210
Table 49: Subproject Monitoring Schedule .................................................................................................. 221
Table 50: Training & Capacity Building Schedule .......................................................................................... 223
Table 51: Outcome of Consultations ............................................................................................................ 229
Table 52: Applicable Regulations ................................................................................................................. 263
Table 53: Construction Stage OHS Risks ....................................................................................................... 290
Table 54: Common hazards associated with excavation work and examples of control measures ............... 293
Table 55: OHS Risks due to various Tools and Equipment ............................................................................ 295
Table 56: Findings of the Environmental Audit of the existing STP ............................................................... 316
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Sewerage Catchments in AMC ......................................................................................................... 43
Figure 2: Location of STPs including Vasna 240 MLD ...................................................................................... 43
Figure 3: Region of direct & indirect influence ............................................................................................... 60
Figure 4: Subproject Location......................................................................................................................... 62
Figure 5: Site Layout and Neighboring Land use ............................................................................................. 63
Figure 6: Existing STP Layout and Design Components ................................................................................... 64
Figure 7: Topography of Ahmedabad ............................................................................................................ 65
Figure 8: Site Elevation .................................................................................................................................. 66
Figure 9: Cross Section of Vasna 240 MLD site and the river .......................................................................... 66
Figure 10: Hydrological Features .................................................................................................................... 68
Figure 11: Water levels at Vasna Barrage ....................................................................................................... 69
Figure 12: Landuse demarcation of Vasna Area in Development Plan 2021 for Ahmedabad .......................... 70
Figure 13 Present Status of Approach Road for 240 MLD STP and proposed road Repairs and upgradation .. 71
Figure 14: Vasna 240 MLD STP and its 500m Buffer ....................................................................................... 72
Figure 15: Sampling Locations for Ecology and Biodiversity ........................................................................... 74
Figure 16: Location of Thol WLS with respect to Project Site.......................................................................... 74
Figure 17: Location of Chandola Lake with respect to Project Site ................................................................. 75
Figure 18: Location of Santej and Vasai Lake with respect to Project Site ...................................................... 75
Figure 19: International Flyways and Bird Migratory Routes through India ................................................... 76
Figure 20: Study Region: Sabarmati River stretch .......................................................................................... 77
Figure 21: Flora and Fauna of the Project Site and its neighborhood ............................................................. 78
Figure 22: Air Quality Baseline Monitoring Locations..................................................................................... 80
Figure 23: Sampling Locations for Surface Water Quality ............................................................................... 82
Figure 24: Ground Water Quality Sampling Location ..................................................................................... 86
Figure 25: Sampling Locations for Soil Quality ............................................................................................... 90
Figure 26: Sampling Locations for Sludge and Sediment ................................................................................ 92
Figure 27: Sampling Locations for Noise ........................................................................................................ 96
Figure 28: Noise Sampling Locations superimposed on Traffic Corridors ....................................................... 97
Figure 29: Lmaxalong Traffic Corridors of Ahmedabad ..................................................................................... 97
Figure 30: LAeq along the traffic corridors of Ahmedabad ............................................................................. 98
Figure 31: Accident-prone locations of Ahmedabad .................................................................................... 100
Figure 32 Location of Squatters settlement to the 240 MLD STP .................................................................. 104
Figure 33 Juhapura Peri Urban Area near 126 MLD STP ............................................................................... 105
Figure 34: Location of Slum, squatter settlement with Respect to 240 MLD STP .......................................... 107
Figure 35: Population Density of Wards in AMC........................................................................................... 110
Figure 36: Analysis of Alternatives ............................................................................................................... 119
Figure 37 Pollution Impact of the modeled Scenarios on Sabarmati River ................................................... 135
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Figure 38: Proposed Institutional Framework for E&S Management ........................................................... 218
Figure 39: Safety Precautions in Excavations ............................................................................................... 294
Figure 40: Mobile Plant Operator Blind Spots .............................................................................................. 295
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Abbreviations
Abbreviation Expansion Abbreviation Expansion
ACRP Ahmedabad City Resilience Project ESMF Environmental and Social
AMASR Ancient Monuments and Management Framework
Archaeological Sites and Remains ESMP Environmental and Social
Act Management Plan
AMC Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation EPR Extended Producer Responsibility
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level ERT Emergency Response Team
AUDA Ahmedabad Urban Development ESA Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Authority ESS Environmental and Social Standards
APD Assistant Project Director SDU Sustainable Development Unit
ASI Archeological Survey of India ESF Environmental and Social
ASP Activated Sludge Process Framework
BDW Biodegradable Wastes ESHS Environmental and Social Health &
BIS Bureau of Indian Standards Safety
BMC Biodiversity Management ESZ Eco-sensitive Zone
Committee ETP Effluent Treatment Plant
BMW Bio Medical Waste FI Financial Intermediary
BNR Biological Nutrient Removal FGD Focus Group Discussions
BOD Bio Chemical Oxygen Demand GDP Gross Domestic Product
BOQ Bill of Quantities GHG Greenhouse Gas
BP Bank Procedures GIIP Good International Industry
BPL Below Poverty Line Practice
C&D Construction and Demolition GIS Geographic Information System
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity GoI Government of India
CBMWTF Common Biomedical Waste GoG Government of Gujarat
Treatment Facility GPS Global Positioning System
CBO Community-Based Organization GRC Grievance Redressal Committee
CC Climate Change GRCP Gujarat Resilient Cities Partnership
CMS Conservation of Migratory Species GPCB Gujarat Pollution Control Board
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand GUDM Gujarat Urban Development
CPA Critically Polluted Area Mission
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board Ha Hectares
CPHEEO Central Public Health & HH Households
Environmental Engineering HR Human Resources
Organization HFL High Flood Level
CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone ICB International Competitive Bidding
CTE Consent to Establish IEC Information Education
CTO Consent to Operate Communication
CVCA Critically Vulnerable Coastal Areas IEE Initial Environmental Examination
DG Diesel Generator IESSR Initial Environmental and Social
DBOT Design Build Operate Transfer Screening Report
DO Dissolved Oxygen IFC International Finance Corporation
DPR Detailed Project Report IPF Investment Project financing
DTP Directorate of Town Planning IUCN International Union for
DWMP Disaster Waste Management Plan Conservation of Nature
EA Environmental Assessment IS Indian Standards
EAP Externally Aided Project KGP Knowledge, Governance and Policy
ECoP Environmental Codes of Practice LB Local Body (Urban or Rural)
EC Environmental Clearance LMP Labor, Machinery and Plant
EE Environmental Engineer LU Land Use
EHS Environmental Health and Safety LULC Land use and Land Classification
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact LPCD Liters per Capita per Day
Assessment LFPR Labor Force Participation Rate
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Abbreviation Expansion Abbreviation Expansion
MAM Majur Adhikar Manch PD Project Director
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation PDO Project Development Outcome
MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forests PIU Project Implementation Agency
and Climate Change PM Particulate Matter
MLD Millions of litres Per Day PMC Project Management Consultant
MBR Membrane Bioreactor PPE Personal Protective Equipment
MPN Most Probable Number SCADA Supervisory Control and Data
N Nitrogen Acquisition
NCB National Competitive Bidding SC/ST Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe
NDZ No Development Zone SEP Supplemental Environmental
NEP National Environmental Policy Project
NH National Highway STP Sewage Treatment Plant
NGO Non-Governmental Organization SIRT Systematic Incident Reporting Tool
NGT National Green Tribunal SBR Sequential Batch Reactor
NMA National Monuments Authority SPS Sewage Pumping Station
NOC No Objection Certificate SPM Suspended Particulate Matter
NPDM National Policy on Disaster SPCB State Pollution Control Board
Management SUDU Sustainable Urban Development
NTDNT Nomadic Tribes and De-Notified Unit
Tribes TSS Total Suspended Solids
O&M Operations and Maintenance TDS Total Dissolved Solids
OD Operational Directives WB The World Bank
OHS Occupational Health and Safety WRIS Water Resources Information
OP Operational Policies System
P Phosphorus ULB Urban Local Body/ies
PAF Project Affected Family VEC Valued Environmental
PAP Project Affected Person Components
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Summary
1. Introduction/ Project background
The Government of Gujarat (GoG) intends to utilize financial support from the World Bank (WB)
for Gujarat Resilient Cities Partnership: Ahmedabad City Resilience Project (G - ACRP). The project
will support (i) the AMC in addressing key institutional, financial, and service delivery constraints
to strengthen the resilience and sustainability of priority urban services, and (ii) the GoG state
government to enhance its institutional capacities to support ULBs across the state with executing
their resilient infrastructure development functions, and to develop a knowledge generation,
curation and dissemination system to leverage the innovations of the state’s leading Municipal
Corporations (mainly Ahmedabad and Surat). The project will provide a combination of technical
and financial assistance to AMC in pivoting towards an integrated service delivery approach – one
that is resilient, green, sustainable, and inclusive. It will also focus on enabling AMC to shift
towards a more professional, performance-oriented, and efficient utility approach for service
delivery. To this end, the project comprises three components: (i) strengthening AMC’s financial
systems and performance, (ii) improving AMC’s urban infrastructure and services, and (iii)
developing GoG institutional systems and capacities. ESMF has been prepared for the G - ACRP
project and disclosed on the AMC website1.
2. Status of the subproject development at the time of ESIA
Feasibility study/ detailed project report preparation is underway and the subproject will be bid
out for implementation on a Design-Build – Operate – Transfer (DBOT) mechanism. ESMP
prepared through this ESIA will be included in bid documents so that the contractor can plan and
arrange the required resources for implementing and managing the E&S aspects.
3. Sub-project Description & Analysis of Alternatives
The existing Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of 240 MLD capacity at Vasna is proposed for
Technology upgradation under the G - ACRP project. This STP was built in the year 2011 and over
the years, its functioning is deteriorated as evident from the quality of treated sewage, and much
of the infrastructure is dilapidated. The process used in the existing STP is the Activated Sludge
Process (ASP). AMC proposes to (i) change the treatment process to enable it to accept and treat
the sewage generated by all occupants in its catchment optimally, (ii) ensure higher efficiency and
achieve service level benchmark set by National agencies and regulators, (iii) achieve a better
quality of treated sewage as suggested by the National Green Tribunal (NGT). This will ensure
better sewage management in its catchment and area of influence, by reducing discharge and
bypass of untreated or suboptimal treated sewage in waterbodies and land (reused for irrigation),
thereby reducing the contamination of surface and ground water sources and supporting overall
improvement in the health of the environment and the society.
The construction work will be carried out in phases to reduce the E&S impacts and address issues
related to diversion of sewage flow during construction. FR mentions the detailed Phasing of
works including construction of new units, modification/upgrading of units, demolition of units
which are presented in tabular form. FR also mentions that the units to be upgraded shall be
emptied and disinfected before doing any modification works. The sewage within the units also
shall be over pumped to other units without causing nuisance. DBOT contractor shall prepare and
submit schedule for diversion of sewage for treatment during construction & operation after
proposed upgradation and rehabilitation. The work shall be carried out phase wise to ensure
diversion and treatment of sewage. FR proposes that in order to keep running the plant till the
final commissioning, It is considered to overload the 3 modules of 60 MLD units to 67 MLD each
1
https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=viewAttachment&queryTyp
e=Select&screenId=2900003&AttachmentFileName=ESMF.pdf
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(200 MLD/3no). Thus each module will be overloaded by 10%. Based on the consultants’
experience and as mentioned in CPHEEO manual, the Plant could be overload by 15% and notes
that Plant is hydraulically adequate with the 3 modules of 60 MLD with 15% overloading.
The proposed subproject has no long-term impact on land use, erosion, or sedimentation and
there is no additional land requirement.
Analysis of Alternatives
The Analysis of Alternatives is structured to follow a ‘narrowing approach’ involving a series of
logical steps, starting with the high-level strategy alternatives followed by the description of more
detailed technology alternatives considered. Using this commonly adopted narrowing approach,
the Analysis of Alternatives considers alternatives in the following sequence:
• Strategy Alternative: Abandoning the Existing Centralised Treatment to follow decentralized
treatment 'on site’. Here, a scenario where existing STP would be abandoned, and residents
will be using onsite decentralized treatment in septic tanks is considered against the proposed
subproject
• ‘Zero’ or ‘No Project’ alternative: Here, without project scenario i.e., continuing the existing
situation compared with the scenario where the proposed project rehabilitation is
implemented
• Complete reconstruction of Existing Plant: Demolition of existing plant to reconstruct a new
STP in its place
• Design/Technology Alternatives: Technologies to achieve the stringent discharge standards
suggested by NGT are compared with the current one. During Detailed design, this will be
subject to further scrutiny and the best environmentally suitable alternative will be adopted.
This alternative is for the proposed 240 MLD STP upgradation and rehabilitation. To achieve
the effluent standards (BOD- 10 mg/l, TSS – 20 mg/l and TN – 10 mg/l) prescribed by the NGT
guide lines, an advanced wastewater treatment with Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR), using
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an appropriate technology will be considered. The present STP process is not designed to meet
the treated effluent norms prescribed by NGT in terms of BOD, COD, TSS and Biological
Nutrient Removal (BNR). Upgradation and rehabilitation will on the whole ensure better
environment and health in the city and the region by ensuring full treatment of sewage from
the its generator catchment, improve quality of water in the river Sabarmati to which the
treated sewage is discharged, and improve the reusability of treated sewage.
4. Applicable Regulatory and Guidance Framework
The applicable regulatory framework for the ESIA is comprised of the following:
• Applicable national, state, and city-level environmental and social policies, regulations, and
guidance’s (including environmental policy and acts, water and air acts, noise rules,
regulations on various types of wastes, wetlands, and Eco-sensitive areas, tree cutting,
biodiversity, Dam Safety, The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land
Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act, The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act and others)
• Indian labor and related laws (including The Building and other Construction Workers
(Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, The Factories Act, Child Labour
(Prohibition and Regulation) Act, Minimum Wages Act, Workmen’s Compensation Act &
Rules, The Street Vendors Act
• World Bank ESF and the ESSs: Apart from ESS 7 & ESS9 all other ESSs are relevant for this
project. ESS5 stipulates that project-related land acquisition and land-use restrictions impacts
(physical displacement, economic displacement, or both on communities and persons) be
addressed. However, as no land acquisition and resettlement will be required in this sub-
project and as there is no expected livelihood impacts due to economic displacement, ESS 5
is not relevant for this specific sub-project. The adverse social impacts (if any) to adjacent
communities/ squatters will be addressed through ESS1 and ESS4, World Bank Group ESHGs
and other World Bank Guidance
This ESIA is prepared as guided by the Environmental and Social Management Framework for G-
ACRP prepared by AMC based on the regulatory and guidance framework above. The proposed
project will comply with national and state regulations, as well as the WB ESF and WBG EHS
guidelines and for specific standards the most stringent among these will be complied with.
5. Baseline environmental and social conditions
E&S Audit of existing facilities proposed for upgradation or integration with the sub-project
The E&S audit was conducted for 240 MLD STP with the objective of Physical assessment of the
STP and units’ operation status & Identification and assessment of environmental & social
management practices. E&S audit highlights the defunct units/ parts of the STP and general
environmental & Safety practices which are not being followed i.e., use of PPEs, no designated
storage area for chemicals, etc. Public consultations also highlighted the settlement/
encroachments around the STP (outside of STP premises) are temporary structures and are devoid
of any municipal facility.
Baseline environmental and social aspects are presented in the following tabulated summary,
Aspects Description: Vasna 240 MLD STP
Location
Co-ordinates Latitude: 22°58'52.07"N
Longitude: 72°31'35.73"E
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Aspects Description: Vasna 240 MLD STP
Details of Administrative/ Ward No 52 Sarkhej, Ahmedabad, Gujarat State of India
Physical occurrence West Bank of Sabarmati River, downstream of Vasna Barrage
Location Map
Physiography, Microclimate, and Surrounding land use
Topography, Slope, and Ahmedabad city area is monotonously flat except for small patches. Land
Soil surface elevation is from 40 m to 60 m AMSL with a master slope towards the
south. The site is flat, sloping from 42 – 46m. HFL is 41.7m.
Microclimate Hottest month- May (Maximum Temperature 41.6°C)
Coldest Month- January (Minimum Temperature 27°C)
Surrounding land use and East: 35 MLD STP
activities West: 126 MLD AMC STP
North: Fatehwadi canal road, access road with squatter settlements, sewage
pumping station, and Ahmedabad metro depot
South: Sabarmati River
Any land use or structure, Vasna Barrage is located 3 km upstream, two parallel bridges across
or any proposed land use Sabarmati downstream of the Barrage which is 1km upstream of the site
which makes nearby safety
of which is important
Site Details
Site Plan
Approach to site The approach to the site is through the canal side road connected through an
unpaved (Kuccha) road.
Description of main and Canal side road connecting Narol- Sarkhej road to NH 751
subsidiary access ways The plant has secured access through Gate
Security- Yes
Used for accessing the site by officials, for all goods/materials movement,
firefighting others: Yes
Area and shape 214117 sq. m. Rectangle plot
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Aspects Description: Vasna 240 MLD STP
Ownership AMC
Historic land use STP, Sewage Farm before constructing STP
Current land use Existing STP
Natural features None on site, Sabarmati River to South of the site
Impact during any historic Flooding
event
Description of the existing Capacity: 240 MLD
facility if any Technology: ASP
Condition of existing plant The existing STP is almost 12 years old and many of the project components
& safety are defunct and not working at full capacity. All the civil structures and
Internal roads are in good condition. STP is guarded by a concrete wall around
it to stop any encroachment.
Baseline Environmental Quality
Quality of Treated sewage Parameters Agreed Baseline quality NGT suggested
Standards as discharge
per Consent to standards (for
Operate from comparison)
GPCB
BOD (mg/l): 20 16 ≤ 10
COD (mg/l): 100 72 ≤ 50
SS (mg/l) 30 807 ≤ 10
pH 6.5 to 8.0 7.8 6.5-9.0
Fecal Coliform 1000-10000 61 <230/ <100
MPN/ 100 ml
N Nil 14.1 ≤10
P Nil 1.83 ≤1
Noise Noise levels are high which are due to the existing ongoing construction of
Metro Depot (which is expected to be completed by April 2022)
Ambient air quality All parameters are within the permissible limits
Plant related air quality Gases are emitted from the sewage and sludge. Gases like Methane are
issues released from sludge. Gas holders are in place. The movement of vehicles in
an existing plant is very minimum and emissions of dust and other vehicular
pollutants are negligible.
Ambient water quality Ground Water: Considering the monitoring results mentioned Drinking water
(Ground & Surface) quality standards as per the latest CPHEEO & IS code 2012, the water from these
sources cannot be used for drinking without treatment
Surface Water: The sampling was carried out for surface water at Sabarmati
near 240 MLD STP at Vasna. It is observed from the monitoring that, BoD,
Chlorides, and Coliform in the water samples are exceeding the CPCB 1979 and
BIS 1982 standards of surface water quality criteria for drinking purposes.
Soil quality No sludge disposal on the ground observed
Fauna & Flora There are 200-250 numbers of trees on site, mainly of Acacia & Neem species;
and planted shrubbery. The existing site has a green area that harbors a variety
of common birds and insects. Outfall has the growth of Euchornia sp. (invasive)
in the Sabarmati River.
Proposed Rehabilitation works
Proposed activity Changing the Treatment Technology and required structural/other changes to
(including Upstream and meet better discharge standards (NGT suggested norms). Electric works
downstream linked include replacing transformer and LED lights. Solar sludge drying proposed
infrastructure proposed for Existing upstream infrastructure will be retained, with minor repair at TSPS
upgradation) Outfall will be strengthened
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Aspects Description: Vasna 240 MLD STP
Key environmental issues Poor discharge quality. Quality needs to be brought to satisfy NGT standards.
to be considered to design Some of the existing units and machinery are not functioning well such as drum
mitigation measures screens, rake classifier, detectors of grit chamber, Parshall flume flow indicator,
sludge recirculation pumps, excess sludge pumps, etc. Discharge qualities need
to be brought to better standards and Consent to be received from GPCB incase
this is to be discharged into Fatehwadi for reuse, bypass quality reuse without
chlorination not to be done, material storage shall be made proper, waste and
sludge storage, reuse to be improved. The site has no land required for large-
scale upgradation, access to be topped, discharge line to be improved, and
others. TSPS needs to be repaired.
Social Baseline
The baseline socioeconomic predictions used and discussed in the ESIA study are provided from
the Master planning consultant, for ward level data in which STP is located. The ward as sewerage
catchment area comprises of 28% of the total city area and Ward number 52 for Sarkhej in which
the STP is located as the sub project of upgradation of 240 MLD STP relate to sewer network and
the treatment of sewage water for Ahmedabad city to achieve the NGT requirements. Ahmedabad
(urban) is one of the fast-growing cities of India with 27.82% decadal growth observed between
2001-2011. The area within 10 kms of existing STP site is under ward 52 and has been discussed
for risks and impacts in adjoining areas. It is a gated and secured property under the ownership of
AMC, exclusively used for STP purposes. There are no occupants at the proposed expansion site
and no disadvantaged/ vulnerable groups.
Contributing population estimated in FR for YR 2021 is 866840; FR 2024 - 987588, FY 2029 -
1216073, FR 2034 -1495301 and FY 2039-1817084.
There is a squatter settlement which is located near the STP between the Fateh wadi canal and
the STP boundary. There are roughly 600 to maximum 700 households residing in temporary
structures in the squatter settlement. The settlement comprises of mainly migrants.
Migrants in Ahmedabad, living in squatter settlements, comprise of two groups of workers –
seasonally migrant construction workers who migrate from the tribal belt comprising of Dahod in
Gujarat and Jhabua and Banswara in neighbouring states and long-term migrants from the
Nomadic Tribes and De-Notified Tribe (NTDNT) communities. The government does not
enumerate these settlements and does not provide any public services to these settlements.
Majur Adhikar Manch (MAM), a trade union of informal workers, has been working with the
residents of these squatter settlements. The settlements will experience temporary impacts
related to dust, traffic movement, labor movement and related issues which will be mitigated
during project implementation. Impacts and mitigation measures discussed in details in the
relevant chapters.
Demographics & ethnic composition In the Sarkhej ward, there are 14,740 households with a
total population of 72,727 with 37,746 males and 34,981 females. The average household size is
5.4 and the sex ratio is 927 which is higher than the city sex ratio.
Gender-based issues/ concerns - Women in the nearby settlement are working, mainly in the
unorganized sector as semi-skilled and unskilled labour, domestic workers, construction/ masonry
work. Safety and security concerns for women/ children were raised due to the labour influx for
construction activities, open defecation, lack of street lights and similar issues as the settlement
is informal. This has been addressed in the mitigation measures through community health and
safety measures, employment of labour, for both men and women from the informal settlement,
setting up labour camp at suitable site to prevent any disturbance to the settlement, SEA/ SH
measures and provision of services such as drinking water supply and sanitation for the settlement
through government schemes and programs.
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Assessment of Risks and Impacts
The project is a brownfield project comprising of rehabilitation of existing STP and improvement/
repair to pumping station. Some of the environmental & social impacts are given below;
• Generation of substantial debris, and muck during construction and demolition activities.
• Dust and Noise Generation and emission to air due to demolition, excavation, cutting, back
filling, compaction operations, and other construction activities and Operations and
maintenance works.
• Noise and vibration and other disturbances to residents and businesses during material
movement, construction demolitions, and laying of rising main
• Temporary flooding due to excavation during monsoons
• Land and water contamination and impacts on people, fauna/flora due to construction waste
and sludge handling; and discharge of treated sewage/bypass
• Spillage of fuel and oil
• Safety hazards to labours (Occupational Health and Safety) and public (Community Health
and Safety)
• Increased traffic inconvenience (emissions, congestions, longer travel times, blockage of
access), especially the approach road connecting the STP also is a connecting road from NH
64 to the nearby areas
• Impacts of discharge from STP on adjoining communities, especially during construction
phase, and discharge of treated sewage on downstream communities/ river users.
• Adverse social impacts on adjacent communities and squatters (e.g., security of women and
girls due to labor influx)
Based on the relevance of each ESS, as identified in the chapter on Legal, Regulatory, and
Institutional Framework, ensuing sections summarize the environmental and social risks and
impacts likely due to the proposed interventions followed by the mitigation measures considered,
for each relevant Standard. The table below presents the Risk and impacts grouped in respect of
the applicable ESS identified in chapter 3:
Applicable ESS Risk and Impacts assessed
ESS1: Assessment and ESIA assessed all risks and impacts as applicable to ESSs 2-10
Management of
Environmental and Social
Risks and Impacts
ESS2: Labour and Working Various types of laborers employed and impacts and risks due to their
Conditions working conditions
ESS3: Resource Efficiency and Minimal risks and Impacts on Physiography, land use, Geology, Soil,
Pollution Prevention and biodiversity, and people due to proposed rehabilitation of existing STP
Management Risks and Impacts on Water Resources, Water Quality due to construction
activities, operation and maintenance, and discharge of treated sewage
Risks and Impacts on Air Quality, Noise levels during construction, operations
Risks and Impacts due waste generation/ disposal due to proposed
rehabilitation activities and operation of existing/ rehabilitated STP
Aspects to ensure better resource efficiency include reuse of treated sewage,
energy-efficient mechanisms, and machinery
ESS4: Community Health and Risks and Impacts on Community Health and safety during construction,
Safety pollution, also considering flooding related aspects of the upstream barrage;
Impacts of discharge from STP on adjoining communities, especially during
construction phase; increased risk of gender-based violence, sexual
exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment (GBV and SEA/ SH) for women
and girls due to larger labor presence and; other labor influx related risks.
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Applicable ESS Risk and Impacts assessed
ESS5: Land Acquisition, Not current relevant as no land acquisition is envisaged and no impact on
Restrictions on Land Use and squatter settlement is envisaged. Land use will not change due to the
Involuntary Resettlement proposed project upgradation and rehabilitation of STP
ESS6: Biodiversity Risks and impacts on ecology and biodiversity of the site, and nearby
Conservation and Sustainable modified habitat of the non-perennial river, Sabarmati
Management of Living
Natural Resources
ESS7: Indigenous Peoples/ Not relevant for this sub-project as there are no communities meeting the
Sub-Saharan criteria of ESS7 in sub-project’s area of influence.
African Historically
Underserved Traditional Local
Communities
ESS8: Cultural Heritage Risks and impacts on potential cultural heritage during construction activities
ESS9: Financial Intermediaries Not relevant as no FIs are involved in this project.
ESS 10: Stakeholder Risks and impacts due to lack of stakeholder engagement
Engagement and Information Risks and impacts due to non-disclosure of information regarding project
Disclosure activities
Risks and impacts due to failure to redress grievances and concerns of
project-affected parties in a timely and satisfactory manner and failure to
provide feedback.
Assessment and Management of E&S Risks and Impacts (ESS 1)
As all the proposed structural interventions are within the STP site or its structure, no direct
adverse impacts are envisaged on physiography or land use. Laying of the proposed rising main
(around 2 km) for the 375 MLD STP under ACRP is along the road adjoining the boundary of 240
MLD STP. Trenchless method is proposed across the kuccha roads or lanes to prevent disturbance.
The proposed construction of the rising main and repairs of access road may create temporary
disturbances to people and traffic during the construction and maintenances stages, which could
be managed through traffic diversions, information to communities, barricading and safety
precautions (for communities and workers), and watch and ward in important areas. The
proposed subproject involves civil, electromechanical, and paint work mainly; labour-intensive in
the odorous area near sewage/ wastewater, and their stay and work at or near the site for about
3 years. Treatment of sewage along with new construction/ modifications required for technology
upgradation, discharge of treated water and disposal of sludge and other wastes including large
quantities of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes, use of resources such as water and power
during construction, pollution from storage and handling of materials, use of paints and other
chemicals for construction activities, transportation of raw materials, wastes and sludge, disposal
and/or reuse of treated sewage for irrigation will pose risks and impacts. Work requires very
detailed and clear sequential planning, scheduling as the existing operations shall not suffer during
construction works. The activities will be labour-intensive with risks of accidents such as working
at heights, excavations, work in enclosed areas, and activities near ponded sewage in large tanks.
Impacts and risks are moderate and can be managed by following regulations, adopting best
practices for similar projects, training of staff and manpower; and ensuring implementation of
avoidance, monitoring, and implementation of mitigation measures. As per ESS 1, ESSs will apply
to allied facilities such as improvement to access road, and repairs at Terminal Sewage Pumping
Station. These have also been included in the subproject and impacts assessed.
As all the proposed structural interventions are within the STP premises or its structure, there may
be some positive and negative impacts on communities such as increased traffic and pedestrian
movement due to improved access road, increased labor opportunities, and increased safety due
to project related and availability of lights during evening and nights, especially as the Project will
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need to make extra efforts to reach out through stakeholder engagement and effective GRM, to
the disadvantaged or vulnerable people to involve them in both preparation and implementation.
Labor and Working Conditions (ESS 2)
Labor and employment opportunities will be generated during the construction period. Unskilled
and semi-skilled labor work can be sourced from the squatter settlement as per availability and
willingness of labor. Women can also be hired for specific tasks from the squatter settlement.
Since the settlement is nearby some women may be willing to work on-site as labor.
Proposed construction works will require labor for construction activities for almost 3 years and a
labor camp will need to be set up for accommodating the workers who are not local. Risks and
impacts such as OHS/EHS are identified on construction activities and includes workers working
at height, confined spaces, gaseous place, working with electrical equipment and closed
environments getting exposed to potential accidents. Workers near high noise equipment may
experience health issues such as hearing loss if no care is taken. Considering the vegetation
growth, snake or scorpion bite may occur during site clearance or construction. Labour will also
require sanitary facilities at the construction site, drinking water, PPEs, shade for resting, first aid,
etc. Labour compliances will also be required to be met under various local laws such as labor
licenses, permission, training, payments, insurance as mandated under law, etc. All engagement
of laborers will follow the project level Labor Management Procedure (LMP). Child labor and
forced labor will be prohibited. All workers will have access to project’s worker’s grievance redress
mechanism (GRM).
Area and site under AMC for labor camp within accessible distance from STP to be identified by
DBOT contractor and necessary permission/ approval to be taken from AMC. Workers in the labor
camp will need sanitary facilities such as toilets, washing areas, and sanitary waste disposal areas.
If improperly managed, sewage can cause waterborne diseases and environmental and health
hazards. Adequate and safe accommodation with proper ventilation, comfortable stay, sanitation,
first aid facilities, water, fire safety, protection from weather conditions and extreme events,
facilities including cooking and lighting is essential. Covid- 19 precautions for such camps to be
planned and implemented.
Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management (ESS 3)
With respect to Resource Efficiency, the project preparation and the ESIA process will identify
feasible measures for efficient (a) energy use; (b) water usage and management to minimize water
usage during construction, conservation measures to offset total construction water demand and
maintain balance for the demand of water resources; and (c) raw materials use by exploring the
use of local materials, recycled aggregates, use of innovative technology to minimize project’s foot
prints on finite natural resources. The project would also need to address the management of
solid and liquid waste generated during the construction and operation phases.
Pollution of water bodies receiving STP discharges due to reduction in efficiency or non-working
of STP due to breakdowns, routine maintenance, and impacts on downstream users is important.
Other pollutants include dust, chemicals materials transported and used without care, sludge, and
other wastes generated during rehabilitation and O&M. The project being upgradation of the
sewage treatment plant will enhance the sewerage treatment and help control pollution and its
impacts on all environmental components. This also ensures conservation of resources through
their reuse and recycling, use of better energy and water-efficient appliances and mechanisms.
Adoption of best environmentally appropriate technology to ensure the quality of treated sewage
as per Consent Conditions and regulations, and minimization of Green House Gas (GHG)
emissions, adoption of the best standard in case the treated water is to be reused for agriculture
based on detailed study and consultation, are important also considering overall pollution loads
due to multiple discharges into the river. Temporary construction stage pollution impacts on
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water, soil, fauna/flora, OHS, and CHS are moderate and can be managed by following regulations,
adopting best practices, training; and ensuring implementation of avoidance, monitoring, and
implementation of mitigation measures.
Community Health and Safety (ESS 4)
Community health and safety issues may result from poor quality of treated sewage, or discharge
of untreated sewage/ bypass during maintenance or extreme events and its impacts in
downstream villages. Community Health and safety risk during construction may also be due to
air pollution (dust & air emissions), odor, traffic movement, congestion & Safety, noise, others).
Impacts due to flooding of STP premises during monsoons also need consideration. Impacts and
risks on nearby communities (especially squatter settlements) are expected during the
construction phase and can be avoided, and managed by proper work activity planning,
scheduling, training, and adopting mitigation measures.
Impact on downstream users due to release of untreated sewage is also identified. This may
happen due to failure of the functioning and during the construction phase. After the upgradation
of the STP, there will be an improvement in the quality of the treated water released in the
Sabarmati River which will benefit downstream users. Appropriate mitigation measures such as a
Traffic Management plan and diversion of wastewater during construction will be required to
avoid and minimize the impacts occurring and potentially identified on downstream users.
Settlements are located across the highway from the STP cluster. There is a squatter settlement
that has come up after the STPs were commissioned, located along the service road and the
Fatehwadi canal that may experience impacts largely related to dust & air emission traffic and
related movement of material, equipment, and labor during construction. The present access road
to the STP is ‘kutcha’ (mud road) and is not suitable for the movement of heavy vehicles and
equipment. Road repair and upgradation, as part of the project, has been recommended to
mitigate dust and air pollution during the construction phase of the project. This suggestion of the
ESIA has been incorporated, and the proposed access road improvement is included as part of
the project: Upgradation of existing 240 MLD STP and associated infrastructure including One
Terminal Sewage Pump Station at Vasna�?. .
Women and girls in the adjacent settlements and communities may face increased risk of gender-
based violence, sexual exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment (GBV and SEA/SH) for
women and girls due to larger labor presence and other labor influx related risks. The sub-project
will implement the project level SEA/SH action plan (to be prepared by AMC prior commencement
of civil work) to minimize and mitigate these risks. The project’s GRM will have specific processes
to handle grievances related to SEA/SH.
Considering the disaster proneness of the area, especially the flooding and safety aspects of the
Vasna Barrage it is proposed to undertake hydrological and flood assessment, including a study
on Dam Break Analysis & Flooding Stimulation, Preparation of Inundation and Emergency Action
Plan for Vasna Barrage, Ahmedabad, Gujarat prior to the design of the investments (STPs) and
associated structures. Outcome/output of this assessment shall be incorporated in the design of
all STPs which might be impacted and subsequently assessed in C-ESIA & mitigation measures if
required included in C-ESMP. Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan and Disaster
Management Plan will be part of C-ESIA/C-ESMP.
Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement (ESS 5)
The augmentation and upgradation of technology are proposed to be carried out within the
existing STP premises boundary. An Informal settlement is located near the STP which will not be
impacted due to road construction or any of the STP related activities during construction or
operation. The nearest settlements are 1 km away. The nearest settlements are 1 km away.
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There are no potential involuntary resettlement issues identified, as there is no land acquisition
of private land or alienation of additional government land for the proposed upgradation. There
are no restrictions to access the river or public infrastructure or change in land use due to the
proposed rehabilitation of the STP. No families are located within boundary premises.
Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources (ESS 6)
The nearest key biodiversity area for this site is Thol Wildlife Sanctuary (man-made) in Mahesana
district, which is around 20 km from the project site, with 10 km of intervening urban high density
mixed land use. The lake received water from rains and Narmada Canal, westward of the city and
is not affected by outflows or air, noise, dust or vibration during construction and operations of
the proposed STP.
Neem and acacia trees are common in this area. No endangered fauna / flora are observed on
existing STP site. Measures to protect old trees will be considered during designing of the project.
Clearing of shrubs will not have any impact on natural vegetation of the region. The proposed
project may also require tree planting based on the number of trees cut. It was observed that the
entire stretch of Sabarmati is infested with the Pistia sp. and Eichhornia crassipes which has
altered the natural habitat. Sabarmati River stretch is a modified habitat as the water is being
sourced from Narmada canal and stored at the river front stretch using the shutters of the Vasna
Barrage. The riparian zone of the Sabarmati is converted into the riverfront in the Ahmedabad
city. The region around is heavily industrialised, and fast converting into urban land uses, with
pollutants reaching the already dry river. However, Hon’ble NGT has constituted River
Rejuvenation Committee which has initiated the process of river rejuvenation, but curtailing
pollution, monitoring e-flow, undertaking plantations etc, through various stakeholder
departments. No tree cutting has been envisaged on STP site, as the construction will occur within
footprint and site of existing STP.
Temporary Construction stage impacts are expected on the existing flora and fauna on-site, due
to air and water pollution and noise due to construction activities. However, the existing site is in
the noisy neighbourhood where Metro Depot Construction work is ongoing. No uprooting of trees
on site is expected, as proposed activities will be carried out on existing premises and/or
structures. The proposed area is an existing STP and is a modified habitat hence the impacts on
ecological aspects of the site are not envisaged.
Discharge of untreated/ sub-optimally treated sewage and waste into the waterbodies (mainly
Sabarmati and Fatehwadi Canal) may impact the biological process of macrophytes and aquatic
fauna. River Sabarmati is already an altered area/ modified habitat due to decades of low water
flow as it is non-perennial, and inflow of water from Narmada Canal. There are no critical species
here, and there will be no impact since the site is not natural and is a modified habitat with no
ecological importance presently. NO RET species are recorded from the study area. However, The
subproject interventions to improve the discharge quality and will thereby improve the
biodiversity in the river and the region downstream of the discharge point, thus supporting overall
biodiversity improvement.
Indigenous Peoples/ Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local
Communities (ESS 7)
There are no indigenous people in the project area. However, local consultations were conducted
for this project.
Cultural Heritage (ESS 8)
Assessment for heritage structures and cultural places was carried out. The nearest monument is
the Fateh Baug Fort at a distance of 1.6 km from the STP which will not be impacted by the
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proposed activities in the existing STP site. Chance finds procedure to be implemented considering
the status of the historic core of Ahmedabad as a World Heritage City.
Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure (ESS 10)
Consultations were held with stakeholders including squatter settlement inhabitants, STP
operators, AMC officials during the preparation of ESIA for sub-project and SEP for G - ACRP
project. The key findings from consultation with the residents of the squatter settlement reveal
that the squatter households do not have access to municipal services. They live in temporary
structures in poor conditions. The slum dwellers do not have access to sanitary toilets and piped
water. Many complained about mixing of drinking water with drain water. They experience odor
from the STP and thus expect that the rehabilitation of the STP will help remedy this issue. The
slum residents feel that labor influx may cause insecurity for them and they are not aware of
grievance mechanism of AMC. The sub-project will implement the project level SEP to engage
with relevant stakeholders including the poor and vulnerable groups. Any grievances regarding
the sub-project activities will be processed through the project level GRM as specified in the SEP.
AMC will conduct awareness campaign to inform the settlement dwellers about the GRM.
The ESIA for Upgradation of Vasna 240 MLD STP addresses the above suggestions of the
stakeholders by including mitigation measures for issues raised in consultations. Public
consultation was conducted on 07/06/2022 by AMC in Pandit Dindayal Upadhyaya Auditorium,
Bodakdev, Ahmedabad. The key concerns raised by stakeholders have been incorporated in the
ESIA for 240 MLD STP. The suggestions of the stakeholders by including monitoring of noise,
sludge, air and water and its analysis for defining the baseline and mitigation measures. The
project suggests improved management of all wastes and treated water quality to confirm with
latest NGT suggested standards. Labour health and safety will be given high priority and
appropriate measures to follow and monitor labour regulations have been suggested in the ESMP.
Cumulative Impacts
The cumulative impact assessment shows that the upgradation of 240 MLD sub-project and its
adjoining 126MLD STP (which is planned for capacity augmentation to 375 MLD, within site
boundary), and Pirana 180 MLD STP will have positive impacts on all the environmental
parameters particularly the water quality of the Sabarmati River and/ or Fatehwadi Canal and
downstream uses2.
Existing operating STP BOD, COD, TDS, concentrations load were found higher which after
treatment and meeting the NGT guidelines would significantly decrease these loads and will have
positive impacts on the Sabarmati River water quality. It can be expected that the biological
diversity may increase in this non-perennial river in the long run, and ground water quality in the
region would improve.
The Vasna 240MLD capacity plant treats about 17.52% of the total sewage generated in AMC. Its
upgradation will reduce the environmental load on BOD by 23.76%, COD by 36.16%, and TSS by
37.5.
Existing sewer lines and TTPS caters to this STP. Minor improvements to TSPS are proposed as part
of the rehabilitation of the STP.
Air quality during construction may have a temporary cumulative impact due to the ongoing
construction activities at the Gyaspur metro depot situated to the northern side of the proposed
sub-project site. The project was expected to be completed by April 2022, which might get delayed
due to the ongoing third wave of Covid 19. However, it is expected that the construction would
2
In case GPCB provides consent for disposal of treated sewage into Fatehwadi Canal to reuse for irrigation
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get completed before initiating site works for the proposed Vasa 240 MLD STP rehabilitation. The
augmentation project of adjoining STP of 126 MLD (to 375 MLD) will also contribute to the
incremental air pollution due to construction activities if carried out simultaneously. However,
demolition activities at Vasna 240 MLD STP would begin before demolition activities at Vasna 126
MLD STP where new STP is proposed to be constructed first before demolition of the existing STP.
Hence such cumulative impact is expected to be for a limited period during overlapping
construction periods if any. Since the site is surrounded by STPs Metro Depot, and the river;
sensitive receptors of noise and dust impacts are the squatter settlements along the access road.
Short-term impacts on receptors are associated with the impacts due to increment in air
pollutants like dust, and emissions from vehicles and machinery, increment in noise levels due to
movement of vehicles, and operation of machinery which could be mitigated by adopting best
practices and mitigation plans.
Upgradation and repairs to access road of 6.0m width starting from the culvert over Fatehwadi
canal upto the entrance gate of the 240 MLD STP is also suggested to be made part of this sub-
project. The construction of all-weather roads will significantly mitigate air pollution during the
construction phase.
Sabarmati River carries discharges from multiple sources including industries, STPs, effluent
treatment plants, ‘mega line’ carrying treated effluents from CETPs of industrial areas,
commercial/ residential areas, storm water drains, canals etc., in the city of Ahmedabad, and the
region upstream (which has agricultural areas, and city of Gandhi Nagar and other local bodies),
and downstream (agricultural areas and industrial centers).
Currently, the quality of treated sewage from the Vasna 240 MLD STP is suboptimal as it is old,
obsolete, not able to treat to the required discharge standards as per the Consent to Establish and
Operate Conditions laid down by GPCB. AMC aims to achieve the stringent quality of treated
effluent in its new STPs and those proposed under ACRP, and at the same time reuse treated
effluents to ensure resource efficiency and reduce Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) load on
receiving water bodies. It is estimated that the subproject with upgradation of technology for
treating sewage to meet NGT prescribed stringent standards and WB EHS) can ensure reduction
in BOD, Suspended Solids, Phosphate and Nitrate pollution load due to this facility if implemented.
Therefore, it is not expected that the proposed Vasna 240 STP project will be resulting in negative
cumulative impacts for the receiving body but will contribute to improving the quality of water in
the receiving water body.
6. Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
ESMP for the design/ pre-construction, construction, and operation stages of the project has been
developed based on the assessment conducted. It presents the management of environmental
and social impacts adopting mitigation hierarchy - (a) Anticipate and avoid risks and impacts;
(b) Where avoidance is not possible, minimize or reduce risks and impacts to acceptable
levels; (c) Once risks and impacts have been minimized or reduced, mitigate; and (d) Where
significant residual impacts remain, compensate for or offset them, were technically and
financially feasible. ESMP will be incorporated in the bid documents while bidding out DBOT
contracts so that the contractor allocates the required resources and mechanisms to implement
these measures.
The treated sewage quality for discharge into Sabarmati shall comply with the standards
suggested in this ESIA (NGT prescribed standards) and/ or most stringent standards prescribed by
the GPCB/ NGT/ regulators at any point of time. Treated sewage disposed into Sabarmati River
following the existing Consent conditions of the GPCB. At present there is no consent from GPCB
ESIA FOR UPGRADATION OF THE EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022 13
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for discharge of treated sewage in Fatehwadi canal for irrigation use. In case AMC proposes to
dispose treated sewage to Fatehwadi Canal, consent for such discharge shall be obtained from
GPCB. This shall be informed by AMC to Irrigation Department and Department of Agriculture as
currently treated sewage is being discharged into Fatehwadi Canal as requested by Irrigation
Department, without permission from the regulatory authority, namely GPCB. (Infrastructure for
such discharge; i.e. outflow channel to Fatehwadi Canal and the canal itself for carrying sewage
for irrigation is currently existing in STP). In case AMC and irrigation department decides to
continue reuse of treated sewage for agriculture from the bank supported project, (i) permit for
the same shall be obtained from GPCB (and that AMC has already informed irrigation department
that they can continue discharge into the canal only after receiving permit for this from GPCB), (ii)
AMC & Irrigation Department shall discuss & decide on the quantity of water required for such
discharge after obtaining permit; and alternate arrangements if any required to be arranged for
irrigation (so as to help with lesser available water for irrigation) as this discharge will be stopped
till permit is obtained; (iii) AMC with the support of Irrigation Department shall undertake a study
on reuse of treated effluent for irrigation in line with the Central Pollution Control Board’s
Guidelines of Reuse of Treated Water for Irrigation, 2018, through reputed Agricultural University
with stakeholder consultations as per the Guidelines and after agreement with stakeholders and
permit from GPCB discharge the treated sewage so as to avoid any negative environmental and
health issue on downstream communities.
AMC has to ensure the safety measures and emergency preparedness to protect the STPs from
flood impacts; based on the Dam Break Analysis & Flooding Stimulation, Preparation of Inundation
and Emergency Action Plan for Vasna Barrage, Ahmedabad, Gujarat which AMC will conduct and
make available to the Contractor before the design phase. Provision to hold untreated sewage or
diversion to other STPs is required to be made so that during any STP breakdown/ shutoff, the
untreated sewage does not flow into the water body or nearby premises. Prepare plan for
diversion of the untreated sewage during construction period to prevent any issue and concern in
the vicinity or downstream communities.
Responsibility to prepare Sludge Management Plan is with the Contractor, and will be approved
by the AMC. Contractor will have the responsibility to store, test, transfer sludge for disposal
appropriately based on the monitoring results & existing regulations, as agreed in writing with
AMC during construction and operation. Mechanical cleaning will be recommended strongly and
any manual cleaning will be avoided in the STP and all sludge management mechanisms. In case
sludge is tested and found non-hazardous, it will be sent to existing AMC Sludge Hygienization
Facility which is this is a Cobalt 60 Gamma Irradiation Facility. If tested hazardous it shall be sent
to the nearest appropriate Hazardous Waste TSDF for disposal following the Hazardous Waste
Management Rules of Govt of India, 2016.
Regular cleaning/ removal of sludge and solid waste to minimize odor nuisance and its disposal
shall be ensured by AMC, in their facilities as per existing regulations. Solar lighting/ use of solar
energy as much as feasible (provided disposal of hazardous and e-waste including solar panels is
arranged as per regulations, proper storage and use of PPEs while working with damaged panels
are ensured). Energy saving fixtures (LED lighting) and equipment, motors shall be fitted with
variable frequency drive (VFD).
Special attention to include vulnerable groups in project benefits and continuous stakeholder
engagement to ensure such inclusion. Preparation of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for
various activities which includes training, PPEs use, templates for permissions, recording and
reporting, by contractors/PIU. IEC materials shall be planned, printed and displayed during
construction, creating awareness, display of posters etc. Training and capacity building of the
designated persons for implementing of various plans.
7. Monitoring Plan
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During the construction phase, Environmental and social monitoring will be carried out to check
the quality of the environment and triggering of social impacts during ongoing construction
activities. It will be carried out through a contractor and PIU will be responsible for the review of
the implementation of monitoring. Monitoring will include assessment of Ambient air quality,
Intake sewage quality, outfall treated water quality, Ambient noise, Ground water quality, soil
quality, and sludge quality. This monitoring shall also include OHS aspects, community safety, and
workers safety, labor and working conditions, livelihoods impacts, consultations as part of
Construction Supervision and Quality Control by the PMC.
During the operation phase, environmental monitoring will be conducted to understand the
impacts on environmental attributes due to project activities. It will be carried out through the
DBOT / O&M contractor and AMC will be responsible for the review of implementation.
Monitoring will include Ambient air quality, Inlet sewage quality, outlet treated water quality,
Ambient noise, Ground water quality, Soil quality & sludge quality.
To ensure adherence to the ESMP, maintenance of the plant and CTE conditions E&S audit shall
be conducted by a third party during the operation phase.
The annual E&S audit to include:
1. Physical assessment of the STP and units’ operation status and premises
2. Identification and assessment of environmental management practices
3. Health and safety risks including GBV, SEA/SH risks for workers and communities
4. Compliances to ESS, National, State, and Local laws and mandatory and statutory
compliances including permissions, consent conditions, labor health, safety, security,
welfare, etc
5. Implementation of EHS, GRM, various action plans at the site.
6. Maintenance of documents, records, and reports required for the site.
7. LMP compliances.
8. Assessment of capacities, technology in achieving NGT standards and for design
specification
9. Environmental monitoring analysis pre and post-treatment
10. Sludge generation and treatment.
11. General work safety records and incident reporting
12. Compliance to CTE (in the construction phase) and CTO (in operation phase) conditions
or other regulatory conditions.
8. Capacity Building
Capacity building will be required at all stages including planning, construction, and operation. It
will include various workshops and seminars for AMC project staff, concerned PIU, Contractors
staff, supervisors, consultants, environmental and social experts, laborers, stakeholders, etc. The
topics for training will include Health and Safety, Environmental management and ESMP
implementation, regulatory requirements, Monitoring requirements, Gender equality,
biodiversity and wildlife awareness, and others.
9. Grievance Redressal Mechanism
The types of grievances stakeholders may raise include, but are not limited to:
• Construction related impacts – cracks, damages to structures; dust damaging crops/ trees
• Health and safety risks.
• Negative impacts on the environment.
• Negative impacts on communities, which may include, but not be limited to financial loss,
physical harm, GBV, SEA/SH and nuisance from construction or operational activities.
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AMC has a functional complaint system (CCRS, http://www.amccrs.com) which includes a web
portal and a toll-free number. It records almost 40-50 thousand complaints every month. Any
complaint registered in the system is forwarded to respective zones for action. Each complaint
has a proper system by which it can be escalated if one is not happy with the resolution. If some
complaints come directly to the zonal office (mostly from the urban poor) they are recorded in
the main system. The CCRS is synced with the Gujarat Government’s CM Helpline and any
complaints coming there are also recorded in the system.
10. Implementation Arrangements
This ESIA is prepared at the Feasibility stage of the proposed subproject. At this stage, Feasibility
for rehabilitating the STP and its implementation mechanism has been examined and the
Feasibility Report suggests bidding out the proposed subproject in a technology-agnostic manner
under Design - Build - Operate (DBOT) Format, where the bidder can suggest the best
environmentally appropriate technology to ensure the suggested discharge standards. In this
case, since the technology is not finalized at this stage, it is proposed to include the ESMP in the
procurement documents to enable the DBOT contractor to understand the E&S requirements and
include required resources and implementation mechanisms to ensure the management/
mitigation measures. Once the design is finalized during the implementation stage, the DBOT
contractor will get the ESMP updated based on actual technology/ design. Sustainable Urban
Development Unit (SUDU) of the PIU constituted at AMC, along with PMC will review and send
the document for World Bank review and approval. PMC will supervise E&S aspects and OHS/ CHS
as part of construction supervision and quality control. The third-party audit will be conducted
annually during each year of the project, also including a review of all E&S aspects during
construction including ESMP implementation, OHS/ CHS and environmental monitoring. The E&S
audit will be shared with the World Bank for review and comments, and finalised based on
comments/ suggestions and corrective/ improvement measures will be implemented in a time
bound manner. . Subproject details will be monitored through ESMIS.
11. Estimated Budget for Implementation and supervision of ESMP
Total project cost for design and rehabilitation of STP to meet NGT standards, Solar drying plant
for sludge, Grid-connected Solar Roof Top system, odor control unit, construction of bituminous
road, setting up of contractors’ yards, contingences is INR 350 Crores (INR 35 million). ESIA, CESMP
updation by separate ESIA consultant, and E&S specialists with the Contractor to oversee
implementation shall be made part of project design & Human Resources Fee; in addition to green
belt development cost, labour camp establishment (if required), permits/ licence/ consent fees.
The total residual cost of ESMP implementation during design/preconstruction (6 months to 1
year), construction (3 years) and operations stages (15 years) is INR 3.65 crores (INR 36.58 million,
USD 470654.5) during preconstruction/ construction stages; and annual cost of INR 18.31 lakhs
(INR 1.831 million, USD 117412.5) every year of O&M. This includes Monitoring Costs and ESMP
Residual Costs (other than those made part of Contractors Works Costs such as labour camp, green
belt, PPEs etc, C-ESIA/ CESMP cost, Permit/ Licence Costs and Human Resources Cost).
12. Aspects for compliance with ESCP
Disclosure and consultation of this ESIA, inclusion of the ESMP prepared here in procurement
documents for agreement from the contractor on E&S requirements, and Updation of ESIA and
ESMP for the subproject after finalizing the detailed design shall be in compliance with ESCP. A
detailed study on flooding and its impact on investments shall inform the building of resilient
infrastructure. C-ESIA, C-ESMP shall be prepared by the DBOT contractor for the design prepared,
incorporating the recommendations of the assessment on flooding. In addition, AMC shall have
adequate capacity to implement and monitor the sub-project E&S requirements, ESMP,
Monitoring Plan, and Capacity Building requirements identified here, as stipulated in ESCP.
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Design should be responsive to the quality of sewage received at the inlet, and measures shall be
incorporated to meet the suggested standards. Bidding documents and contracts to include ESMP
and Monitoring Plan to enable the DBOT contractor to allocate appropriate time, resources
(manpower and budget) for implementing ESMP Update as required, get approvals, disclose and
implement the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Proposed upgradation and
upgradation of Vasna 240 MLD STP subproject.
A detailed study on flooding and its impact on investments shall inform the building of resilient
infrastructure. C-ESIA, C-ESMP shall be prepared by the DBOT contractor for the design prepared,
incorporating the recommendations of the assessment on flooding. In addition, AMC shall have
adequate capacity to implement and monitor the sub-project E&S requirements, ESMP,
Monitoring Plan, and Capacity Building requirements identified here, as stipulated in ESCP.
Monitor all emissions/ discharges/ disposal of wastes from project facilities during construction
and operation stages and ensure that the discharges from project facilities into the environment
are as per the latest limits suggested by MoEFCC, GPCB, WB EHS and National Green Tribunal
whichever is stringent for each parameter. The technology shall be upgraded to meet the
directions of GPCB in the consent orders, and any stringent standards suggested by regulators.
Conduct disaster evaluation and extreme weather conditions assessment considering earthquake
proneness, and flooding/ other risks if any due to presence of Barrage or any disasters; and
incorporate avoidance, mitigation, and management measures and Prepare Disaster
Management Plan including Standard Operating Procedures for each STP (as part of DPR, ESIA).
Operations shall also follow the latest Disaster Management Plan for Gujarat.
13. Stakeholder consultations
Consultations were carried out for the preparation of the draft ESIA report. Consultations have
been carried out with various stakeholders including squatter settlement inhabitants, STP
operators, AMC officials during the preparation of ESIA for sub project. Stakeholder consultation
is a dynamic process and consultations will be carried out during the life cycle of the G- ACRP
project in accordance with SEP. Draft and Final ESIA, ESMPs (in English, with translated summary
in Gujarati) were disclosed on the website of the implementing agency, namely AMC, and in the
external website of the World Bank. Consultations were also be carried out after a month of
disclosure of ESIA and ESMP on the website of AMC. Post disclosure consultations were carried
out in Feb and March 2022. Public consultation was conducted June 2022 by AMC in Pandit
Dindayal Upadhyaya Auditorium, Bodakdev, Ahmedabad. Invitations (in English and Gujarati) was
circulated to various stakeholders such as elected representatives (Councillors), Mayor, Deputy
Mayor, CSO, NGOs, Municipal Commissioner, Deputy Municipal Commissioner, heads of
Committees and others. Notices were also published in the newspapers in both languages.
The key concerns raised by stakeholders have been incorporated in the ESIA for 240 MLD STP. The
suggestions of the stakeholders by including monitoring of noise, sludge, air and water and its
analysis for defining the baseline and mitigation measures. The project suggests improved
management of all wastes and treated water quality to confirm with latest NGT suggested
standards. Labour health and safety will be given high priority and appropriate measures to follow
and monitor labour regulations have been suggested in the ESMP. There will be increased labour
opportunities during implementation.
14. Recommendations and the Way Forward
This ESIA /ESMP shall be updated once the detailed sub-project design is finalized during the
implementation stage. ESIA has assessed and outlined important points which shall be included in
the Procurement Documents and the detailed design during the implementation stage; for
ensuring environmentally and socially beneficial works and operations. The key impact of the
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subproject will be overall benefits due to the improved quality of treated sewage discharged into
the Sabarmati River, resulting in an overall improvement in the environment and health of the
people in the city and its region. The ESIA highlights the moderate level of risks and impacts on
environmental and social parameters due to the proposed sub-project. These are not long-term –
irreversible; but mostly expected to occur during the construction phase and can be avoided,
mitigated, and managed. There is no involvement of land acquisition for this project as the
proposed activities will be conducted within the existing boundary. There will be minor to
moderate construction and operation stage risks and impacts on (i) Noise and Air quality due to
construction and demolition, transportation activities, (ii) Occupational and Community Health
and Safety risks and impacts, (iii) minor disturbances to local/ onsite flora and fauna and nearby
locally important cultural assets (graveyard) during construction phase, (iv) generation of sludge
and wastes including (solid waste, non-biodegradable wastes, E-wastes, Hazardous Wastes, and
C&D Wastes) which need to be managed well to minimize risks and impacts, (iv) accidental
discharge of sub-optimally treated sewage or flooding v) Impacts of discharge from STP on
adjoining communities, during construction phase and downstream communities during
operations phase; vi) increased risk of gender based violence, sexual exploitation and abuse and
sexual harassment (GBV and SEA/SH) for women and girls due to larger labor presence and; other
labor influx related risks. ESMP lists out mechanisms to avoid, mitigate and manage these risks
and impacts through good design, adoption of stringent discharge standards and regulatory
compliance; and following good international industry practices. Mitigation measures for the
same are provided. There will be cumulative impact due to the outflow of treated sewage from
this and other STPs proposed to be upgraded through G-ACRP which will be highly beneficial given
the project objective to ensure stringent discharge standards. After implementation of the
subproject treated water quality will be improved and the same will help improve the ecological
balance of the Sabarmati River which is currently a modified habitat with no water during most of
the year, thereby resulting in an overall better environment and health of the city and its region.
ESIA FOR UPGRADATION OF THE EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022 18
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સારાાંશ
૧. પ�?રોજેક�?ટન ાં વર�?ણન :
�? રાત રે સિલિયન�?ટ િીટી�? પાટટ નરશીપ : અમદાવાદ િીટી રે �?ીલિયન�?િ પ�?રોજેક�?ટ
ગજરાત સરકાર ગજ
(જી-�?.િી.આર.પી.) માટે વવશ�?વ બેંકની નાર�?ાકીય સહાયનો ઉપયોગ કરવા માાંગે છે જેનો હેત
ાં થાકીય સેવા
અમદાવાદ મ�?યવનવસપલ કોપોરે શનમાાં શહેરી સેવા વવતરર�? (મખ�?યત�?વે ડ�?રેનેજ) માટેસસ�?
વવતરર�? વ�?યવસ�?થા અને નાર�?ાકીય વ�?યવસ�?થાને મજબત કરવાનો અને શહેરી વવસ�?તારોમાાં સેવાઓના
સાંચાલન માટે રાજ�?યની સાંસ�?થાકીય ક�?ષમતા અને ઈન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચર ને મજબત કરવાનો છે .
સ ૂચચત પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માાં ત�?રર�? મખ�?યઘટકોનો સમાવેશ થાય છે .
ઘટક – ૧ :
અમદાવાદ મ�?યવનવસપલ કોપોરે શનની (�?.�?મ.સી) નાર�?ાકીય વ�?યવસ�?થા અને કામગીરી ને મજબત
બનાવવી : આ ઘટક �?.�?મ.સી. ને તેની નાર�?ાકીય કામગીરી અને �?ડપથી વવસ�?તરી રહેલી શહેરી
વસ�?તીને સારી ગર�?વત�?તાની સેવાઓ પહોંચાડવા અને ટકાવી રાખવાની ક�?ષમતાને અસર કરતા મખ�?ય
અવરોધોને સાંબોધવા માટે તકનીકી સહાય પરી પાડશે. આ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તન ાં ધ�?યાન લાાંબા ગાળાના મ ૂડી
રોકાર�? આયોજન, વધરાર�? અને બજેટટિંગ, મ�?યવનવસપલ આવક પેદા કરવા અને જમીન આધાટરત
વધરાર�?નો લાભ લેવા માટે અ.મ�?ય.કો. ની વસસ�?ટમને મજબ ૂત કરવા પર રહેશે.
ઘટક – ૨:
શહેરી સેવાઓમાાં સધારો : આ ઘટક પસાંદગીની શહેરી સેવાઓ - કચરો - પાર�?ી વ�?યવસ�?થાપન
સેવાઓ, સ�?રોમ વોટર ડ�?રેનેજ (નોંધપાત�?ર ઇન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચર ગાબડા, નબળા સેવા સ�?તરો અને નકારાત�?મક
પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક બાહ�?યતાઓની દ�?રષ�?ટટ�? પ�?રાથવમકતા)ની ગર�?વત�?તા, સરળતા, ટકાઉપણ ાં
અને સ�?સ�?થવતસ�?થાપકતામાાં સધારો કરવા માટે અ.મ�?ય.કો. ને વ�?યાપક સમથણન પ�?રદાન કરશે.
ઘટક – ૩:
સાંસ�?થાકીય પ�?રર�?ાલીઓ અને ક�?ષમતાઓ વવકસાવવી : આ ઘટક અમદાવાદમાાં શહેરી વ�?યવસ�?થાપન,
સેવા વવતરર�? અને વધરાર�? માટે �?કાંદર સાંસ�?થાકીય અને શાસન માળખાને મજબ ૂત કરવા પર ધ�?યાન
કેષ�?ન�?ફ�?દ�?રત કરશે, અને ગજરાતના અન�?ફ�?ય ઉભરતા શહેરોને ક�?ષમતા-વનમાણર�? સહાય પ ૂરી પાડવા માટે
અ.મ�?ય.કો. ની સારી પદ�?ધવતઓનો લાભ લેવા માટે �?ક પ�?લેટફોમણ વવકસાવશે.
૨. �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ ના સમયે પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટ ડેવલપમેન�?ફ�?ટની સ�?સ�?થવત
પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટ શક�?યતા અભ�?યાસ / વવગતવાર પ�?રોજેક�?ટ ટરપોટણ વનમાણર�? હેઠળ છે . આ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ
સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ દ�?વારા તૈયાર કરવામાાં આવેલ ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. સટહત ટડ�?ાઇન - ચબલ�?ટ
- ઓપરે ટ - રાન�?ફ�?સફર (ડી.બી.ઓ.ટી.) વમકેવન�?મ પર અમલીકરર�? માટે પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટન ાં વીડીંગ થશે.
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જેથી કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર ઈ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ પાસાઓના અમલીકરર�? અને સાંચાલન માટે જરૂરી સાંસાધનોની યોજના
બનાવી શકે અને ગોઠવી શકે.
૩. સબપ�?રોજેક�?ટન ાં વર�?ણન
વાસર�?ા ખાતે ૧૨૬ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. ક�?ષમતાના હાલના સ�?જ રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટ (�?સ.ટી.પી.) ને જી-
�?.સી.આર.પી. પ�?રોજેક�?ટ હેઠળ અપગ�?રેડેશન માટે પ�?રસ�?તાવવત કરવામાાં આવ�?યો છે . આ �?સ.ટી.પી. વર�?ણ
૨૦૦૪ માાં બનાવવામાાં આવ�?ય ાં હત ાં અને વર�?ોથી, તેની કામગીરી બગડેલી છે કારર�? કે રીટેડ ગટરની
ગર�?વત�?તા પરથી સ�?પટટ થાય છે , અને ઘર�?ી માળખાકીય સવવધાઓ જર�?જટરત છે . હાલના �?સ.ટી.પી.
માાં વપરાતી પ�?રટિયા અપફ�?લો �?નારોચબક સ�?લજ બ�?લેન�?ફ�?કેટ રી�?ક�?ટર છે યોગ�?ય થી શકે. (ય.�?.�?સ.બી.)
�?�?મસીનો પ�?રસ�?તાવ (i) રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટની પ�?રટિયામાાં ફેરફાર કરવા જેથી રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ તેમજ કેચમેન�?ફ�?ટમાાં રહેતા
તમામ રહેવાસીઓ દ�?વારા ઉત�?પાટદત સ�?જની રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ થઇ શકે. (ii) ઉચ�?ચ કાયણક�?ષમતા સવનવિત
કરવી અને ઉચ�?ચ સેવા સ�?તર પ�?રાપ�?ત કરવ.ાં (iii) નેશનલ ગ�?રીન ટરબ�?યનલ (�?ન.જી.ટી.) દ�?વારા સ ૂચવ�?યા
મજબ રીટેડ સ�?જની ગર�?વત�?તા પ�?રાપ�?ત કરવી. આનાથી જળસ�?ત�?રોત અને જમીન (વસિંચાઈ માટે
પનઃઉપયોગ) માાં રીટ ન કરાયેલ અથવા સબઓપ�?ટીમલ રીટેડ સ�?જના વનકાલ અને બાયપાસને
ઘટાડીને, સરફેસ અને ભ ૂગભણ જળ સ�?ત�?રોતોન ાં પ�?રદર�?ર�? ઘટાડીને અને �?કાંદર સધારર�?ાને ટેકો આપીને
તેના કેચમેન�?ફ�?ટ અને પ�?રભાવના ક�?ષેત�?રમાાં વધ સારાં સ�?જ વ�?યવસ�?થાપન પયાણવરર�? અને સમાજના
સ�?વાસ�?�?યન ાં સવનવિત કરશે. જે માટે
૪. વૈકલ�?લ�?પક વવશ�?લેર�?ર�?
વવકલ�?પોના પ ૃ�?થકરર�? માટે કન�?ફ�?�?વેટીવ અચભગમને અનસરવા માટે વનદે વશત કરવામાાં આવે છે જેમાાં
તાટકિક પગલાઓની શ�?રેર�?ીનો સમાવેશ થાય છે , ઉચ�?ચ-સ�?તરના વ�?ય ૂહરચના વવકલ�?પોથી કરી વધ
વવગતવાર તકનીકી વવકલ�?પો ધ�?યાનમાાં લેવામાાં આવે છે . આ સામાન�?ફ�?ય રીતે અપનાવવામાાં આવતા
કન�?ફ�?�?વેટીવ અચભગમનો ઉપયોગ કરીને, વવકલ�?પોન ાં વવશ�?લેર�?ર�? નીચેના િમમાાં વવકલ�?પોને ધ�?યાનમાાં લે
છે :
• વ�?ય ૂહરચના વૈકલ�?લ�?પક સાઇટ પર ડીસેન�?ફ�?રલાઈ�? રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટને અનસરવા માટે હાલની
સેન�?ફ�?રલાઈ�? રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ ને છોડી દે વી. અહીં, હાલના કાયણરત �?સ.ટી.પી. ને છોડી દઇ
રહેવાસીઓ સેષ�?પ�?ટક ટાાંકીમાાં ઓનસાઇટ ડીસેન�?ફ�?રલાઈ�? રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટનો ઉપયોગ કરશે જેને સ ૂચચત
પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટ ગર�?વામાાં આવે છે .
• શ ૂન�?ફ�?ય અથવા નો પ�?રોજેક�?ટ વવકલ�?પ:અહીં, પ�?રોજેક�?ટ વવના �?ટલે કે, સ ૂચચત પ�?રોજેક�?ટ તથા
અપગ�?રેડેશનની પટરસ�?સ�?થતીની તલનામાાં હાલની પટરસ�?સ�?થવતને ચાલ રાખવી.
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• હાલના પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટન ાં સાંપ ૂર�?ણ પનઃવનમાણર�? : નવા �?સટીપીન ાં પનઃવનમાણર�? કરવા હાલના
�?ંસ.ટી.પી. ને તોડી પાડવો.
• ટડ�?ાઇન / ટેક�?નૉલૉજી વવકલ�?પો: �?ન.જી.ટી. દ�?વારા સ ૂચવવામાાં આવેલા કડક ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ ધોરર�?ો
મેળવવા માટેની ટેક�?નૉલૉજીની સરખામર�?ી વતણમાન ટેકનોલોજી સાથે કરવામાાં આવે છે .
• વવગતવાર ટડ�?ાઇન દરમ�?યાન વધ તપાસને આધીન તથા પયાણવરર�?ીય શ�?રેટઠ વવકલ�?પ
અપનાવવામાાં આવશે.
• વૈકલ�?લ�?પક ક�?ષમતા : બે અલગ-અલગ �?સટીપી (હાલના ૪૮ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપીની નજીક
૧૬૦ �?મ�?લડી અને વતણમાન ૧૨૬ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપીના સ�?થાન પર ૨૧૫ �?મ�?લડી)
અને �?ક વસિંગલ �?સટીપી (હાલના ૧૨૬ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપીના સ�?થાન પર ૩૭૫
�?મ�?લડી �?સટીપી) ની ક�?ષમતાનો વૈકલ�?લ�?પક મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન કરવામાાં આવ�?ય ાં હત ાં.
૫. લાગ પડતાવનયમનકારી અને માગણદશણન માળખ.ાં
�?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ માટે લાગ પડતા વનયમનકારી માળખામાાં નીચેનાનો
સમાવેશ થાય છે :
લાગ પડતી રાટરીય, રાજકીય અને શહેરી સ�?તરની પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક નીવતઓ, વવવનયમો
અને માગણદશણન (પયાણવરર�? નીવત અને કાયદાઓ, જળ અને વાય અવધવનયમો, ધ�?વનીના વનયમો,
વવવવધ પ�?રકારના કચરાના વ�?યવસ�?થાપનના વનયમો, વેટલેન�?ફ�?�?સ અને ઇકો સેસ�?ન�?ફ�?સટટવ વવસ�?તારો, વ ૃક�?ષો
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કાપવા, જૈવવવવવધતા, ડેમ સલામતી સટહત) , જમીન સાંપાદન, પનવાણસ અને પનવણસન અવધવનયમ,
અનસ ૂચચત જાવત અને અનસ ૂચચત જનજાવત (અત�?યાચાર વનવારર�?) અવધવનયમ, કાયણસ�?થળ પર
મટહલાઓની જાતીય સતામર�?ી અવધવનયમ અને અન�?ફ�?યમાાં વાજબી વળતર અને પારદવશિતાનો
અવધકાર.
ભારતીય શ�?રમ અને સાંબવાં ધત કાયદાઓ (મકાન અને અન�?ફ�?ય બાાંધકામ કામદારોનાાં (રોજગાર અને
સેવાની શરતોન ાં વનયમન) અવધવનયમ, કારખાનાઓ અવધવનયમ, બાળ મજૂરી (પ�?રવતબાંધ અને
વનયમન) અવધવનયમ, લઘત�?તમ વેતન કાયદો, કામદાર વળતર અવધવનયમ અને વનયમો વગેરે.
વવશ�?વ બેંક ઈ.�?સ.�?ફ. અને �?.�?સ.�?સ.�?સ. : �?.�?સ.�?સ.૫ અને �?.�?સ.�?સ.૯ વસવાય અન�?ફ�?ય
તમામ �?.�?સ.�?સ. સબપ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે લાગ પડે છે . �?.�?સ.�?સ.૫ �? વનધાણટરત કરે છે કે પ�?રોજેક�?ટ
- સાંબવાં ધત જમીન સાંપાદન અને જમીન ઉપયોગ પ�?રવતબાંધોની અસરો (ભૌવતક વવસ�?થાપન, આવથિક
વવસ�?થાપન અથવા સમદાયો અને વ�?યસ�?ક�?તઓ બાંને પર) સાંબોધવામાાં આવશે. કારર�? કે ત�?યાાં કોઈ
જમીન સાંપાદન નથી અને પનવણસન �?.�?સ.�?સ.૫ લાગ પડત ાં નથી. �?.�?સ.�?સ.૯ �?વા પગલાાં
પ ૂરા પાડે છે કે જેના દ�?વારા નાર�?ાકીય મધ�?યસ�?થીઓ (�?ફ.�?લ.�?સ.) તેમના પોટણ ફોચલયોના
પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક જોખમો અને અસરોન ાં વનરીક�?ષર�? અને સાંચાલન કરવા માટે જરૂરી છે .
પ�?રોજેક�?ટની પ�?રકૃવતને ધ�?યાનમાાં લેતા �?.�?સ.�?સ.૯ લાગ પડત ાં નથી.
વવશ�?વ બેંક જૂથ �?.�?સ.�?ચ.જી. અને અન�?ફ�?ય માગણદશણન
�?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ ઉપરના વનયમનકારી અને માગણદશણન માળખાના આધારે
જી-�?.સી.આર.પી. માટે પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક વ�?યવસ�?થાપન માળખા દ�?વારા માગણદશણન મજબ
તૈયાર કરવામાાં આવે છે .
૬. મ ૂળભ ૂત પયાણવરર�?ીય પટરસ�?સ�?થવતઓ
અપગ�?રેડેશન માટે પ�?રસ�?તાવવત અથવા પેટા-પ�?રોજેક�?ટ સાથે સાંકચલત વતણમાન સવવધાઓન ાં ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ
ઓટડટ.
ઈ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ ઓટડટ 240 �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. માટે �?સ.ટી.પી. અને �?કમોની કામગીરીની
સ�?સ�?થવત અને પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક વ�?યવસ�?થાપન પ�?રેષ�?ક�?ટસની ઓળખ અને આકારર�?ીના ભૌવતક
મ ૂલ�?યાાંકનના ઉદ�?દે શ�?ય સાથે હાથ ધરવામાાં આવ�?ય ાં હત ાં. ઈ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ ઓટડટ �?સટીપીના વનષ�?ટિય �?કમો
/ ભાગો અને સામાન�?ફ�?ય પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સલામતી પ�?રથાઓ પર પ�?રકાશ પાડે છે . જેમ કે પી.પી.ઈ.
નો ઉપયોગ, રસાયર�?ો માટે કોઈ વનયક�?ત સ�?ટોરે જ વવસ�?તાર વગેરે જાહેર પરામશણ પર�? �?સટીપીની
આસપાસના વસાહતો / અવતિમર�?ોને પ�?રકાવશત કરે છે . જે કામચલાઉ માળખાાં અને કોઈપર�?
મ�?યવનવસપલ સવવધાથી વાંચચત છે .
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બે�?લાઇન પયાણવરર�?ીય અને પાસાઓ નીચેના ટે બ�?યલેટ સારાાંશમાાં રજૂ કરવામાાં આવ�?યા છે .
કો-ઓટડિનેટ�?સ અક�?ષાાંશ: ૨૨*૫૮'૪૪""�?ન';રે ખાાંશ: ૭૨*૩૧'૨૨""ઈ"
વહીવટી/ભૌવતક વોડણ નાં. ૫૨, સરખેજ, અમદાવાદ, ગજરાત, સાબરમતી નદીની પવિમ
ઘટનાની વવગતો બાજ.
સ�?થાન નકશો
ટફચ�?યોગ�?રાફી, માઇિોક�?લાઇમેટ અને આસપાસની જમીનનો ઉપયોગ
ટોપોગ�?રાફી, ઢાળ અને અમદાવાદ શહેર વવસ�?તાર નાના પેચ વસવાય �?કવવધ રીતે સપાટ છે .
માટી જમીનની સપાટીની ઊંચાઈ ૪૦ મીટરથી ૬૦ મીટર �?.�?મ.�?સ.�?લ.
સધી છે અને દચક�?ષર�? તરફ સ�?લોપ છે . સાઇટ સપાટ છે , ૪૨ – ૪૬ મી.
થી ઢાળવાળી છે . �?ચ.�?ફ.�?લ.૪૧.૭ મી છે .
સ ૂક�?ષ�?મ આબોહવા સૌથી ગરમ મટહનો - મે (મહત�?તમ તાપમાન ૪૧.૬*સી)
સૌથી ઠાંડો મટહનો - જાન�?ફ�?યઆરી (લઘત�?તમ તાપમાન ૨૭*સી)
આસપાસની જમીનનો પ ૂવણ: ૨૦ મી ના અંતરે ૨૪૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી.
ઉપયોગ અને પવિમ: �?સ.ટી.પી. ને અડીને રહેર�?ાાંક વવસ�?તાર
પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ
ઉત�?તર : કેનાલ અને રોડ અનિમે ૫૦ મીટર અને ૭૦ મીટર દર.
દચક�?ષર�?: સાબરમતી નદી લગભગ ૨૪૦ મીટર
કોઈપર�? જમીનનો વાસર�?ા બેરેજ 3 ટકમી ઉપરની તરફ સ�?સ�?થત છે , બેરેજના ડાઉનસ�?રીમમાાં
ઉપયોગ અથવા સાબરમતી પર બે સમાાંતર પલ છે જે સાઇટની ઉપરની તરફ ૧ ટકમી
મહત�?વની રચના છે .
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સાઇટ વવગતો
સાઇટ યોજના
સાઇટનો અચભગમ સાઇટ પર પહોંચવા માટે નહેર બાજના રસ�?તા દ�?વારા �?ક પાકા રસ�?તાથી
જોડાયેલ છે .
મખ�?ય અને નારોલ-સરખેજ રોડને �?ન.�?ચ. ૭૫૧ સાથે જોડતો કેનાલ બાજનો
પેટાકાંપની �?ક�?સેસ રસ�?તો. પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટે લગભગ ૫ મીટરની પહોળાઈવાળા ગેટ દ�?વારા પ�?રવેશ
માગોન ાં વર�?ણન સરચક�?ષત કયો છે .
સરક�?ષા - હા
અવધકારીઓ દ�?વારા સાઇટને �?ક�?સેસ કરવા માટે , તમામ લોકો તેમજ
સામગ�?રીની ટહલચાલ માટે , અસ�?ગ�?નશામક વહન તથા અન�?ફ�?ય માટે વપરાય
છે : હા
વવસ�?તાર 214117 ચો.મી., લમ�?બચોરસ
માચલકી અ.મ�?ય.કો.
�?વતહાવસક જમીનનો �?સ.ટી.પી., �?સ.ટી.પી. બાાંધતા પહેલા સ�?જફામણ
ઉપયોગ
હાલની જમીનનો હાલની �?સ.ટી.પી.
ઉપયોગ
કદરતી લક�?ષર�?ો સાઇટ પર કોઈ નથી, સાબરમતી નદી સાઇટની દચક�?ષર�? તરફ
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કોઈ �?વતહાવસક ઘટના પ ૂર
દરવમયાન અસર?
જો કોઈ ક�?ષમતા હોય ૨૪૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી.
તો હાલની સવવધાન ાંટેકનોલોજી: �?.�?સ.પી.
વર�?ણન:
હાલના પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટની હાલની �?સટીપી લગભગ ૧૨ વર�?ણ જૂની છે અને પ�?રોજેક�?ટના ઘર�?ા ઘટકો
સ�?સ�?થવત અને સલામતી વનષ�?ટિય છે અને સાંપ ૂર�?ણ ક�?ષમતા પર કામ કરી રહ�?યાાં નથી. તમામ વસવવલ
સ�?રક�?ચસણ અને આંતટરક રસ�?તાઓ સારી સ�?સ�?થવતમાાં છે . કોઈપર�?
અવતિમર�?ને રોકવા માટે �?સટીપી તેની આસપાસ કોંટિટ ટદવાલ દ�?વારા
રચક�?ષત છે .
હાલની સવવધાન ાંસારવાર ક�?ષમતા: ૨૪૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી.
વર�?ણન ટેકનોલોજી: �?.�?સ.પી.
�?કમો:
૧. ઇનલેટ ચેમ�?બર
�?) બાર સ�?િીન (મેન�?ફ�?યઅલ)
બી) વમકેવનકલ સ�?િીન (ઓટો)
સી) ચગ�?રટ અને ક�?લાવસફાયર વમકેવન�?મ
ડી) પાશણલ ફ�?લમ
૨. પ�?રાઇમરી કલેરીફાયર
૩. �?રે શન ટાાંકીઓ
૪. સેકન�?ફ�?ડરી કલેરીફાયર
૫. સ�?લજ થીકનર
૬. કલોરીનેશન
૭. બાયોગેસ હોલ�?ડર
બે�?લાઇન પયાણવરર�?ીય ગર�?વત�?તા
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સારવાર કરે લ પટરમાર�?ો જી.પી.સી.બી. બે�?લાઇન �?ન.જી.ટી.
સ�?જની ગર�?વત�?તા તરફથી ગર�?વત�?તા �? ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ
સાંચાલન કરવા ધોરર�?ો
માટેની સાંમવત સ ૂચવ�?યા
અનસાર સાંમત
ધોરર�?ો
BOD(mg/l): 20 ૧૬ ≤ 10
COD(mg/l): 100 ૭૨ ≤ 50
SS (mg/l) 30 ૩૫ ≤ 10
pH 6.5 to 8.0 7.56 6.5-9.0
Fecal Coliform 1000-10000 48 <230/ <100
MPN / 100 ml
N Nil 14 ≤ 10
P Nil 1.83 ≤1
ઘોંઘાટ ઘોંઘાટન ાં સ�?તર ઊંચ ાં છે જે મેરો ડેપોના હાલના ચાલ બાાંધકામને કારર�?ે
છે (જે �?વપ�?રલ ૨૦૨૨ સધીમાાં પ ૂર�?ણ થવાની ધારર�?ા છે )
આસપાસની હવાની બધા પટરમાર�?ો અનમવતપાત�?ર મયાણદામાાં છે
ગર�?વત�?તા
છોડ સાંબવાં ધત હવા સ�?જ અને સ�?લજમાાંથી વાયઓ ઉત�?સજર�?જત થાય છે . સ�?લજમાાંથી વમથેન
ગર�?વત�?તા સમસ�?યાઓ જેવા વાયઓ મક�?ત થાય છે . ગેસ હોલ�?ડર જગ�?યા�? છે . હાલના પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટમાાં
વાહનોની અવરજવર ખ ૂબ જ ન�?ફ�?ય ૂનતમ છે અને ધ ૂળ અને અન�?ફ�?ય
વાહનોના પ�?રદૂ ર�?કોન ાં ઉત�?સર�?જન નટહવત છે .
આસપાસના ભ ૂગભણ જળ: તાજેતરના સી.પી.�?ચ.ઈ.ઈ.ઓ. અને આઈ.�?સ. કોડ
પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તા ૨૦૧૨ મજબ પીવાના પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તાના ધોરર�?ોનો ઉલ�?લેખ કરી
(જમીન અને મોનીટરીંગના પટરર�?ામોને ધ�?યાનમાાં રાખીને, આ સ�?ત�?રોતોમાાંથી પાર�?ીનો
સપાટી) ઉપયોગ રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ વવના પીવા માટે કરી શકાતો નથી.
સપાટીન ાં પાર�?ી: વાસર�?ા ખાતે 240 �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. નજીક
સાબરમતી ખાતે સપાટીના પાર�?ી માટે નમ ૂના લેવામાાં આવ�?યા હતા.
મોવનટટરિંગ પરથી જર�?ાય ાં છે કે, પાર�?ીના નમ ૂનાઓમાાં બી.ઓ.ડી.,
ક�?લોરાઇ�?સ અને કોચલફોમણ પીવાના હેત માટે સપાટીના પાર�?ીની
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ગર�?વત�?તાના માપદાં ડના સી.પી.સી.બી. ૧૯૭૯ અને બી.આઈ.�?સ.
૧૯૮૨ ના ધોરર�?ોને ઓળાંગી રહ�?યા છે .
માટીની ગર�?વત�?તા જમીન પર સ�?લજનો કોઈ વનકાલ જોવા મળ�?યો નથી
પ�?રાર�?ીસ ૃષ�?ટટ અને સાઇટ પર ૪૫૦ - ૫૦૦ વ ૃક�?ષો છે , જેમાાં મખ�?યત�?વે બાવળ અને લીમડાની
વનસ�?પવત �?ં હાલની સાઇટમાાં લીલો
પ�?રજાવતઓ છે ; અને �?ાડીઓન ાં વાવેતર કય.
ાં ઓને આશ�?રય
વવસ�?તાર છે જે વવવવધ પ�?રકારના સામાન�?ફ�?ય પક�?ષીઓ અને જત
આપે છે . સાબરમતી નદીમાાં યકોવનિયા (આિમક) ની વ ૃદ�?ધદ�?ધ છે .
સ ૂચચત પનવણસન કાયો
સ ૂચચત પ�?રવ ૃવત�?ત વધ સારા ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ ધોરર�?ો (�?ન.જી.ટી. સ ૂચવેલા ધોરર�?ો) ને પહોંચી
(અપગ�?રેડેશન માટે વળવા નવા �?સ.ટી.પી. ન ાં વનમાણર�?; હાલની �?સટીપી, ગાંધ વનયાંત�?રર�?
પ�?રસ�?તાવવત અપસ�?રીમ વસસ�?ટમન ાં ટડમોચલશન
અને ડાઉનસ�?રીમ ત�?રર�? ટી.�?સ.પી.�?સ. પર ઇલેષ�?ક�?રકલ, વમકેવનકલ, ઇન�?ફ�?સ�?�?મેન�?ફ�?ટેશન, નાના
ચલિંક�?ડ ઈન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચર વસવવલ સ�?રક�?ચર ટરપેર સાથે, હાલન ાં અપસ�?રીમ ઇન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચર જાળવી
સટહત) રાખવામાાં આવશે.
ગ�?રીડ સાથે જોડાયેલ સોલાર રૂફ ટોપ અને ગ�?રીન હાઉસ મોડલ - સોલર
સ�?લજ ડ�?રાવયિંગ ઉમેરવામાાં આવશે
વાસર�?ા ૨૪૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. અપગ�?રેડેશન માટે પ�?રોજેક�?ટ અને
ખચણ અંદાજમાાં �?પ�?રોચ રોડનો સમાવેશ; કારર�? કે તે બાંને સાઇટ�?સ દ�?વારા
શેર કરવામાાં આવે છે
મીટીગેશન મે�?ર ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ ધોરર�?ો �?ન.જી.ટી. પ�?રમાર�?ે લાવવાની જરૂર છે સ ૂચવેલા
માટે મખ�?ય ધોરર�?ો અને જી.પી.સી.બી. પાસેથી પ�?રાપ�?ત કરવાની થતી કન�?ફ�?સેન�?ફ�?ટ,
પયાણવરર�?ીય મદ�?દાઓ બાયપાસ ગર�?વત�?તાનો પનઃઉપયોગ ક�?લોટરનેશન વવના ન કરવો,
સામગ�?રીનો સાંગ�?રહ યોગ�?ય બનાવવો, વેસ�?ટ અને સ�?લજ સાંગ�?રહ,
પનઃઉપયોગમાાં સધારો કરવો. ટી.�?સ.પી.�?સ. ને ટરપેર કરવાની જરૂર
છે .
૭. સામાજજક આધારરે ખા
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જાન�?ફ�?યઆરી ૨૦૦૧ માાં ગજરાતના વવવવધ ભાગો સાથે અમદાવાદમાાં ભારે ભ ૂકાંપ આવ�?યો હતો જેથી
તમામ શહેરી સ�?થાવનક સાંસ�?થાઓ અને રાજ�?ય સરકાર માટેભ ૂકાંપ પ�?રવતરોધક ઇમારતબનાવવ ાં પર�?
જરૂરી બન�?ફ�?ય ાં હત ાં. વવભાગ.
�?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ અભ�?યાસમાાં ઉપયોગમાાં લેવાતી અને ચચાણ કરવામાાં
આવેલ મ ૂળભ ૂત સામાજજક - આવથિક સ�?સ�?થવત સરખેજ માટે વોડણ નાંબર ૫૨ માટે વસ�?તી ગર�?તરી ૨૦૧૧
ના ડેટામાાંથી હતી જેમાાં �?સ.ટી.પી. સ�?સ�?થત છે . ૨૦૦૧ - ૨૦૧૧ વચ�?ચે અમદાવાદ (શહેરી) માટે
દશકની વ ૃદ�?ધદ�?ધ ૨૭.૮૨% છે .
વર�?ણ ૨૦૨૧ માટે �?ફ.આર. માાં અનમાવનત વસ�?તી ૮૬૬૮૪૦ છે ; �?ફ.આર. ૨૦૨૪ - ૯૮૭૫૮૮,
�?ફ.આર. ૨૦૨૯ - ૧૨૧૬૦૭૩, �?ફ.આર. ૨૦૩૪ - ૧૪૯૫૩૦૧ અને �?ફ.વાય. ૨૦૩૯ -
૧૮૧૭૦૮૪.
વસ�?તી વવર�?યક - શહેરની વસ�?તી ગીચતા ૧૧૯૪૮ ચો.કી.મી. છે . ૨૦૧૧ ની વસ�?તી ગર�?તરી મજબ
કલ વસ�?તી ૫૫૭૭૯૪૦ (૨૪,૦૨,૫૨૩ પરૂર�?ો અને ૧૯,૭૩,૮૭૦ સ�?ત�?રીઓ) છે . ચલિંગ ગર�?ોત�?તર પ�?રવત
૧૦૦૦ પરૂર�?ો ૮૯૮ હતો જે રાટરીય ગર�?ોત�?તર ૯૪૩ પ�?રવત ૧૦૦૦ પરૂર�?ો કરતા ઓછો છે . ૨૦૧૧ માાં
અમદાવાદ શહેરનો સરે રાશ સાક�?ષરતા દર ૮૮.૨૯% હતો. શહેરમાાં �?સ.સી. / �?સ.ટી. વસ�?તી
અનિમે ૧૦.૬૬ અને ૧.૨ ટકા છે . ૨૦૧૧ ની વસ�?તી ગર�?તરી મજબ, ટહિંદઓ શહેરમાાં મખ�?ય ધાવમિક
સમદાય છે જેમાાં ૮૧.૫૬% વસ�?તીનો સમાવેશ થાય છે , ત�?યારબાદ મસ�?સ�?લમો (૧૩.૫૧%), જૈનો
(૩.૬૨%), ચિસ�?તીઓ (૦.૮૫%) અને શીખો (૦.૨૪%) છે . ૨૦૧૧ સધીમાાં, લગભગ ૬૬% વસ�?તી
ઔપચાટરક આવાસમાાં રહે છે અને બાકીની �?ાંપડપટ�?ટી અને ચાલમાાં રહે છે . સરખેજ વોડણ માાં ૧૪,૭૪૦
ઘરો છે જેની કલ વસ�?તી ૭૨,૭૨૭ છે જેમાાં ૩૭,૭૪૬ પરૂર�?ો અને ૩૪,૯૮૧ મટહલાઓ છે . સરે રાશ
ઘરન ાં કદ ૫.૪ છે અને ચલિંગ ગર�?ોત�?તર ૯૨૭ છે .
અમદાવાદમાાં સ�?થળાાંતર કરનારાઓ, સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહતોમાાં રહેતા, કામદારોના બે જૂથોનો સમાવેશ
કરે છે મોસમી સ�?થળાાંતટરત બાાંધકામ કામદારો કે જેઓ ગજરાતના દાહોદ અને પડોશી રાજ�?યોમાાં
�?ાબઆ અને બાાંસવાડાના આટદવાસી પટ�?ટામાાંથી સ�?થળાાંતર કરે છે અને વવચરતી જાવતઓ અને
વવચરતી જનજાવતઓમાાંથી લાાંબા ગાળાના સ�?થળાાંતર કરે છે . સ ૂચચત જનજાવત (�?ન.ટી.ડી.�?ન.ટી.)
સમદાયો. કામદારો તેમના પટરવારો સાથે સ�?થળાાંતર કરે છે અને શહેરભરમાાં ખાલી પ�?લોટ, રે લ�?વે રેક
અને ક�?યારે ક ફૂટપાથ પર સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહતોમાાં રહે છે . સરકાર આ વસાહતોની ગર�?તરી કરતી નથી
અને આ વસાહતોને કોઈ જાહેર સેવાઓ પ ૂરી પાડતી નથી. મજર અવધકાર માંચ (�?મ.�?.�?મ.),
અનૌપચાટરક કામદારોન ાં રેડ યવનયન, આ સ�?ક�?વોટરના રહેવાસીઓ સાથે કામ કરી રહ�? ાં છે .
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જાવત આધાટરત મદ�?દાઓ - સરખેજ વોડણ માાં, પરર�?ોની સરખામર�?ીમાાં મટહલાઓ માટે સાક�?ષરતા દર
ઓછો છે . પરૂર�? સાક�?ષર કલ પરૂર�?ોના ૮૮.૨૮% અને સ�?ત�?રી સાક�?ષર કલ સ�?ત�?રીઓના ૭૪% છે . સ�?ત�?રીઓમાાં
ચબન-કામદારોની શ�?રેર�?ી ૩૦,૫૬૭ સ�?ત�?રીઓ (૮૭.૩૮%) પર ખ ૂબ ઊંચી હતી જ�?યારે ૧૬,૮૯૭ પરૂર�?
ચબન-કામદારો માત�?ર ૪૪.૭૭% છે . તમામ ચબન-કામદારોમાાં લગભગ ૬૪% મટહલાઓનો સમાવેશ
થાય છે .
૮. જોખમો અને અસરોન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન
આ પ�?રોજેક�?ટમાાં હાલના �?સ.ટી.પી. અને પસ�?મ�?પિંગ સ�?ટે શનના અપગ�?રેડેશનનો સમાવેશ થાય છે . કેટલીક
પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક અસરો નીચે આપેલ છે ;
• નવા �?સ.ટી.પી. ના વનમાણર�? અને હાલના �?સ.ટી.પી. ના તોડી પાડવાની પ�?રટકયા દરમ�?યાન
નોંધપાત�?ર ભાંગાર, ટોપસોઇલ અને કાદવન ાં જનરે શન.
ટડમોચલશન, ખોદકામ, કટીંગ, બેક ટફચલિંગ, કોમ�?પેક�?શન કામગીરી અને અન�?ફ�?ય બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓને
કારર�?ે ધ ૂળ અને અવાજન ાં પ�?રદર�?ર�?.
• રહેવાસીઓ અને વ�?યવસાયોને અવાજ અને કાંપન અને અન�?ફ�?ય ખલેલ.
• ચોમાસા દરવમયાન ખોદકામને કારર�?ે કામચલાઉ પરની સ�?થવત.
• બાાંધકામના કચરા અને કાદવ તેમજ બળતર�? અને તેલના સ�?સ�?પલેજને કારર�?ે જમીન અને પાર�?ીન ાં
પ�?રદર�?ર�?.
• મજૂરો અને જાહેર જનતા માટે સલામતીનાાં જોખમો.
• વધતી જતી રાટફક અસવવધા (ઉત�?સર�?જન, ભીડ, મસાફરીનો લાાંબો સમય, પ�?રવેશમાાં અવરોધ),
ખાસ કરીને �?સટીપીને જોડતો �?પ�?રોચ રોડ પર�? �?ન.�?ચ. ૬૪ થી નજીકના વવસ�?તારોને જોડતો
રસ�?તો છે .
કાન ૂની, વનયમનકારી અને સાંસ�?થાકીય રેમવકણ પરના પ�?રકરર�?માાં ઓળખાયા મજબ દરે ક ધોરર�?ની
સસાંગતતાના આધારે , આગામી વવભાગો દરે ક સાંબવાં ધત ધોરર�?ો માટે ધ�?યાનમાાં લેવામાાં આવતા
મીટીગેશનના પગલા દ�?વારા અનસરવામાાં આવતા સ ૂચચત હસ�?તક�?ષેપોને કારર�?ે સાંભવવત પયાણવરર�?ીય
અને સામાજજક જોખમો અને અસરોનો સારાાંશ આપે છે . નીચેન ાં કોટટક, અગાઉ પ�?રકરર�? ૩ માાં
ઓળખાયેલ લાગ ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ના સાંદભણમાાં જૂથબદ�?ધ જોખમ અને અસરો રજૂ કરે છે :
લાગ પડત ાં ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. જોખમ અને અસરોન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન કય�?ં
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ.૧ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ
�? ઇ.�?સ.�?સ.�?સ. ૨-૧૦ ને લાગ પડતા
તમામ જોખમો અને અસરોન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન કય�?ં
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ઇ.�?સ.�?સ.૨ - શ�?રમ અને કામ કરવાની વવવવધ પ�?રકારના મજૂરો નોકરી કરે છે અને
શરતો તેમની કામ કરવાની પટરસ�?સ�?થવતઓને કારર�?ે
અસર અને જોખમો
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૩ - સાંસાધન કાયણક�?ષમતા અને ભૌવતકશાસ�?ત�?ર, જમીનનો ઉપયોગ, ભ ૂસ�?તરશાસ�?ત�?ર,
પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? વનવારર�? અને વ�?યવસ�?થાપન જમીન પરના જોખમો અને અસરો
જળ સાંસાધનો, પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તા પર
જોખમો અને અસરો, હવાની ગર�?વત�?તા,
અવાજના સ�?તર પર જોખમો અને અસરો,
કચરાના ઉત�?પાદન / વનકાલને કારર�?ે
જોખમો અને અસરો, સારી સાંસાધન
કાયણક�?ષમતા સવનવિત કરવાના પાસાઓ
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૪ : સમદાય આરોગ�?ય અને બાાંધકામ દરવમયાન સામદાવયક આરોગ�?ય
સલામતી અને સલામતી પર જોખમો અને અસરો,
પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?, ઉપરવાસના બેરેજને ધ�?યાનમાાં લેતા
પ ૂર.
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૫ : જમીન સાંપાદન, જમીનના લાગ પડત ાં નથી કારર�? કે કોઈ જમીન
ઉપયોગ પરના વનયાંત�?રર�?ો અને અનૈલ�?ચ�?છક સાંપાદનની સાંકલ�?પના કરવામાાં આવી નથી
પનવણસન અને સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહત પર કોઈ અસરની
કલ�?પના કરવામાાં આવી નથી. સ ૂચચત પ�?રોજેક�?ટ
અપગ�?રેડેશન અને �?સટીપીના પનવણસનને
કારર�?ે જમીનનો ઉપયોગ બદલાશે નહીં
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૬ : જૈવવવવવધતા સાંરક�?ષર�? અને ઇકોલોજી અને જૈવ વવવવધતા પર જોખમો
જીવાંત કદરતી સાંસાધનોન ાં ટકાઉ સાંચાલન અને અસરો
કદરતી રહેઠાર�? પર જોખમ અને અસરો.
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૭ : સ�?વદે શી લોકો / સબ- લાગ પડત ાં નથી. તે વવજાતીય વસ�?તી
સહારન ધરાવત ાં શહેરી વાતાવરર�? છે .
આટરકન �?વતહાવસક રીતે ચબનસલાટહત
પરાં પરાગત સ�?થાવનક સમદાયો
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ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૮ : સાાંસ�?કૃવતક વારસો બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ દરવમયાન સ�?થાવનક રીતે
મ ૂલ�?યવાન સાાંસ�?કૃવતક પાસાઓ અને તકો
પરના જોખમો અને અસરો
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૯ : નાર�?ાકીય મધ�?યસ�?થી લાગ પડત ાં નથી
ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૧૦ ટહતધારકનીસાંલગ�?નતા ટહતધારકોની સાંલગ�?નતાના અભાવને કારર�?ે
અને માટહતીની જાહેરાત જોખમો અને અસરો
પ�?રોજેક�?ટ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ સાંબવાં ધત માટહતી જાહેર ન
કરવાને કારર�?ે જોખમો અને અસરો
પ�?રોજેક�?ટ અસરગ�?રસ�?ત પક�?ષોની ફટરયાદો અને
ચચિંતાઓને કારર�?ે જોખમો અને અસરો
ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ જોખમ અને અસરન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન અને સાંચાલન (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ.૧)
સ ૂચચત પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટ�?સમાાં નવા �?સટીપીન ાં બાાંધકામ અને હાલના �?સટીપીન ાં ટડમોચલશન,
ટી�?સપી�?સમાાં સમારકામ અને નવા ગ�?રીનહાઉસ મોડલ સ�?લજ ડ�?રાઈંગ, સોલાર રૂફટોપ, ઓડર
વનયાંત�?રર�? વસસ�?ટમ, રાંક પાઇપલાઇન નાખવાનો સમાવેશ થાય છે - તમામ જરૂરી વસવવલ,
ઇલેક�?રોવમકેવનકલ અને પેઇન�?ફ�?ટ વકણ જેમાાં શ�?રમ સઘન કામોની જરૂર પડે છે . ગટર / ગાંદા પાર�?ીની
નજીકનો વવસ�?તાર, અને તેઓ લગભગ ૨ વર�?ણના સમયગાળા માટે સ�?થળ પર રોકાર�? કરે છે . હાલના
�?સ.ટી.પી. માાં સ�?જની રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ ચાલ રહેશે, નવા બાાંધકામની સાથે રીટેડ પાર�?ીના વનકાલ અને
સ�?લજ અને અન�?ફ�?ય સ�?જનો વનકાલ, બાાંધકામ દરમ�?યાન પાર�?ી અને પાવર જેવા સાંસાધનોનો ઉપયોગ,
સામગ�?રીના સાંગ�?રહ અને હેન�?ફ�?ડચલિંગમાાંથી પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? ઉત�?પન�?ન થવ,ાં પેઇન�?ફ�?ટનો ઉપયોગ અને બાાંધકામ
પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ માટેના અન�?ફ�?ય રસાયર�?ો, કાચા માલન ાં પટરવહન, કચરો અને સ�?લજ, વસિંચાઈ માટે રીટેડ
પાર�?ીનો પનઃઉપયોગ વગેરે હકારાત�?મક અને નકારાત�?મક જોખમો અને અસરો પેદા કરી શકે છે . કામ
માટે ખ ૂબ જ વવગતવાર અને સ�?પટટ અનિવમક આયોજનની જરૂર છે , શેડય ૂચલિંગ કારર�? કે બાાંધકામના
કામો દરવમયાન હાલની કામગીરીને કોઈ અસર થશે નહીં અને ઊંચાઈ પર કામ, ખોદકામ, ક�?ન�?ફ�?ફાઈડ
વવસ�?તારોમાાં કામ અને ગટરની નજીકની પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ જેવા અકસ�?માતોના જોખમો સાથે શ�?રમ સઘન છે .
�?સ.ટી.પી. માટેના તમામ સ ૂચચત માળખાકીય હસ�?તક�?ષેપો �?સ.ટી.પી. પટરસરમાાં હોવાથી,
ટી.�?સ.પી.�?સ, ન ાં સમારકામ તેની હાલની જગ�?યામાાં જ મયાણટદત રહેશે. જો કે , સ ૂચચત �?લાઇમેન�?ફ�?ટ
સાથે નવી રાંક મેઈન નાખવામાાં આવશે. વાંચચત અથવા સાંવેદનશીલ લોકો સટહત સમદાયો પર
કોઈ સીધી પ�?રવતકૂળ અસરોની કલ�?પના કરવામાાં આવી નથી. જો કે, સમદાયો પર આડકતરી અસર
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થઈ શકે છે , ખાસ કરીને પ�?રોજેક�?ટથી વાંચચત જૂથો સધી પહોંચવા માટે તેમને તૈયારી અને અમલીકરર�?
બાંનેમાાં સામેલ કરવા માટે વધારાના પ�?રયત�?નો કરવાની જરૂર પડશે.
શ�?રમ અને કામ કરવાની શરતો (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૨)
સ ૂચચત બાાંધકામ અને તોડી પાડવાના કામો માટે લગભગ ૨ વર�?ણ કે તેથી વધ સમય માટે બાાંધકામ
પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ માટે મજૂરોની જરૂર પડશે અને સ�?થાવનક ન હોય તેવા કામદારોને રહેવા માટે લેબર
કેમ�?પની સ�?થાપના કરવાની જરૂર પડશે. ઓ.�?ચ.�?સ. / ઈ.�?ચ.�?સ. જેવા જોખમો અને અસરોને
બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ સાંબવાં ધત ઓળખવામાાં આવે છે અને તેમાાં ઊંચાઈ, મયાણટદત જગ�?યાઓ, વાયયક�?ત
સ�?થાન, વવદ�?યત ઉપકરર�?ો સાથે કામ કરતા કામદારો અને સાંભવવત અકસ�?માતોના સાંપકણ માાં આવતા
બાંધ વાતાવરર�?નો સમાવેશ થાય છે . ઉચ�?ચ અવાજવાળા સાધનોની નજીકના કામદારોની સ�?વાસ�?�?ય
સમસ�?યાઓ જેમ કે સાાંભળવાની ખોટ અનભવી શકે છે . વનસ�?પવત વ ૃદ�?ધદ�?ધને ધ�?યાનમાાં લેતા, બાાંધકામ
દરવમયાન સાપ અથવા વીંછીનો ડાંખ થઈ શકે છે . મજૂરને બાાંધકામના સ�?થળે સેવનટરી સવવધાઓ,
પીવાન ાં પાર�?ી, પીપીઈ, આરામ કરવા માટે છાાંયડો, પ�?રાથવમક સારવાર વગેરેની પર�? જરૂર પડશે.
મજૂર અનપાલન પર�? વવવવધ સ�?થાવનક કાયદાઓ જેમ કે મજૂર લાયસન�?ફ�?સ, પરવાનગી, તાલીમ,
ચ ૂકવર�?ીઓ હેઠળ ફરજજયાતપર�?ે પ ૂર�?ણ કરવાની જરૂર પડશે. કાયદો, વગેરે
અ.મ�?ય.કો. / ઔડા હેઠળનો વવસ�?તાર અને �?સ.ટી.પી. થી સલભ અંતરની અંદર લેબર કેમ�?પ માટે
ડી.બી.ઓ.ટી. કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર દ�?વારા ઓળખવામાાં આવશે અને અ.મ�?ય.કો. / ઔડા પાસેથી જરૂરી પરવાનગી
/ માંજૂરી લેવાની રહેશે. મજૂર વશચબરમાાં કામદારોને સેવનટરી સવવધાઓ જેવી કે શૌચાલય, વોવશિંગ
�?ટરયા અને સેવનટરી વેસ�?ટ વનકાલ વવસ�?તારોની જરૂર પડશે. જો અયોગ�?ય રીતે વ�?યવસ�?થાપન કરવામાાં
આવે તો, ગટરન ાં પાર�?ી પાર�?ીજન�?ફ�?ય રોગો અને પયાણવરર�? અને આરોગ�?ય માટે જોખમો પેદા કરી શકે
છે . યોગ�?ય વેષ�?ન�?ફ�?ટલેશન સાથે પયાણપ�?ત રહેઠાર�?, રસોઈ અને લાઇટટિંગ વગેરે માટે ફાયર શેફટી વગેરે.
આવા વશચબરોન ાં આયોજન અને અમલીકરર�? કરવા માટે કોવવડ- ૧૯ સાવચેતીઓ.
સાંસાધન કાયણક�?ષમતા અને પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? વનવારર�? અને વ�?યવસ�?થાપન (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૩)
સાંસાધન કાયણક�?ષમતાના સાંદભણમાાં, પ�?રોજેક�?ટની તૈયારી અને �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ
પ�?રટિયા કાયણક�?ષમ (�?) ઊજાણના ઉપયોગ માટે શક�?ય પગલાાં (બી) બાાંધકામ દરવમયાન પાર�?ીનો
વપરાશ ઓછો કરવા માટે પાર�?ીનો ઉપયોગ અને વ�?યવસ�?થાપન, બાાંધકામની કલ પાર�?ીની માાંગને
સરભર કરવા અને જળ સાંસાધનોની માાંગ માટે સાંતલન જાળવવા સાંરક�?ષર�? પગલાાં; અને (સી) કાચા
માલનો ઉપયોગ સ�?થાવનક સામગ�?રી, ટરસાયકલ કરે લ �?ગ�?રીગેટ�?સ, નવીન તકનીકનો ઉપયોગ કરીને
અન�?ફ�?વેર�?ર�? કરીને ઉપયોગ કરે છે જેથી મયાણટદત કદરતી સાંસાધનો પર પ�?રોજેક�?ટના ફૂટ પ�?રીન�?ફ�?ટને ઓછી
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કરી શકાય. પ�?રોજેક�?ટનાાં બાાંધકામ અને કામગીરીના તબક�?કાઓ દરવમયાન પેદા થતા ઘન અને પ�?રવાહી
કચરાના સાંચાલન અને પનઃઉપયોગને પર�? સાંબોવધત કરવાની જરૂર પડશે.
ભાંગાર�?, વનયવમત જાળવર�?ીનાાં અભાવ અને ડાઉનસ�?રીમ વપરાશકતાણઓ પરની અસરને કારર�?ે
�?સ.ટી.પી. નાાં ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ મેળવતા જળસ�?ત�?રોતનાાં પાર�?ીન ાં પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? મહત�?વપ ૂર�?ણ છે . હાલના �?સટીપીને
તોડી પાડવાનો અને નવા �?સટીપીના વનમાણર�?નો પ�?રોજેક�?ટ, આ ગટર વ�?યવસ�?થાના કવરે જ / ક�?ષમતા
અને ગર�?વત�?તાને વધારશે (�?નજીટીના પ�?રસ�?તાવવત ધોરર�?ો, જે વવશ�?વ બેંકના પયાણવરર�?ીય આરોગ�?ય
અને સલામતી માગણદશણન દ�?વારા સ ૂચવવામાાં આવેલા કેટલાક પટરમાર�?ોની સમકક�?ષ છે . ,પી, �?ન,
તેલ અને ગ�?રીસ) અને બી.ઓ.ડી., સી.ઓ.ડી., ટી.�?સ.�?સ. ના ટકસ�?સામાાં કડક) અને તમામ
પયાણવરર�?ીય ઘટકો પર પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?ને વનયાંવત�?રત કરવામાાં મદદ કરે છે . આ તેમના પનઃઉપયોગ અને
ટરસાયલ�?ક�?લિંગ, વધ કાયણક�?ષમ ઉપકરર�?ો અને વમકેવન�?મ દ�?વારા સાંસાધનોન ાં સાંરક�?ષર�? પર�? સવનવિત કરે
છે .
સામદાવયક આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતી (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૪)
સામદાવયક આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતીના મદ�?દાઓ પ�?રત�?યક�?ષ કે પરોક�?ષ પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?ને કારર�?ે ઉભા થઈ શકે છે
અને પટરર�?ામે ડાઉનસ�?રીમના ગામડાઓમાાં રીટેડ સ�?જના પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તા અથવા સબ-
ઓષ�?પ�?ટમલી રીટેડ સ�?જના વનકાલને કારર�?ે પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તાનાાં મદા ઉભા થઈ શકે છે . બાાંધકામ
દરવમયાન સામદાવયક સ�?વાસ�?�?ય અને સલામતીન ાં જોખમ વાય પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? (ધ ૂળ અને હવાન ાં પ�?રદર�?ર�?),
ઓડર, રાટફકની અવરજવર, ભીડ અને સલામતી, અવાજ, અન�?ફ�?ય)ને કારર�?ે હોઈ શકે છે .
જમીન સાંપાદન, જમીનના ઉપયોગ પરના વનયાંત�?રર�?ો અને અનૈલ�?ચ�?છક પનવણસન (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૫)
સદર પ�?રોજેક�?ટમાાં કોઈ સાંભવવત અનૈલ�?ચ�?છક પનવણસન મદ�?દાઓ ઓળખવામાાં આવ�?યા નથી, કારર�? કે
સ ૂચચત અપગ�?રેડેશન માટે ખાનગી જમીનન ાં કોઈ જમીન સાંપાદન અથવા વધારાની સરકારી જમીનની
આવશ�?યકતા નથી. નદી અથવા જાહેર ઈન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચર સધી પહોંચવા માટે કોઈ પ�?રવતબાંધો નથી અથવા
સ ૂચચત પનવણસનને કારર�?ે જમીનના ઉપયોગમાાં ફેરફાર નથી. �?સટીપી. બાાંધકામના સમયગાળા
દરવમયાન શ�?રમ અને રોજગારીની તકો ઉભી થશે. સ ૂચચત અપગ�?રેડેશનમાાં કોઈપર�? બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવતઓ
માટે હાલમાાં પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટ સાઈટમાાં કાયણરત શ�?રવમકોનો સમાવેશ થશે. અકશળ અને અધણ-કશળ મજૂરી
કામ માટે શ�?રવમકો આસપાસની સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહતમાાંથી મેળવી શકાય છે . સ�?ક�?વોટર સેટલમેન�?ફ�?ટમાાંથી
મટહલાઓને ચોક�?કસ કાયો માટે પર�? રાખી શકાય છે . સેટલમેન�?ફ�?ટ નજીકમાાં હોવાથી કેટલીક મટહલાઓ
મજૂર તરીકે સ�?થળ પર કામ કરવા તૈયાર થઈ શકે છે .
જૈવ વવવવધતા સાંરક�?ષર�? અને જીવાંત કદરતી સાંસાધનોન ાં ટકાઉ સાંચાલન (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૬)
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પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટ કોઈપર�? જટટલ અથવા કદરતી વસવાટને અસર કરશે નહીં. જો કે, કાયણસ�?થળની
આસપાસ નીચેની અસરોની અપેક�?ષા રાખી શકાય છે :
બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓને કારર�?ે હવા અને જળ પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�? અને અવાજને કારર�?ે સાંભવવત અસરો.
આિમક પ�?રજાવતઓના કારર�?ે સાંભવવત અસર: સાઇટ પર પહેલાથી જ વપષ�?સ�?ટયા �?સ.પી. જેવી વવદે શી
પ�?રજાવતઓ છે . Lantana Camara, Eucalyptus sp., Eichhorniacrassipes વગેરે. લેન�?ફ�?ડસ�?કેવપિંગ માટે
ટોપસોઇલ ખાતરન ાં રાન�?ફ�?સફર વવદે શી પ�?રજાવતઓના બીજથી થઇ શકે છે . વાવેતર માટે રોપાની
કોથળીઓના સ�?થાનાાંતરર�? દરવમયાન અવનચ�?છનીય બીજ / રોપ આવી શકે છે .
સાપ અને વીંછીના કરડવાથી આકસ�?સ�?મક ઇજાઓ, જળાશયોમાાં કચરો નાખવાથી મેિોફાઇટ�?સ અને
જળચર પ�?રાર�?ીસ ૃષ�?ટટની જૈવવક પ�?રટિયાને અસર થઈ શકે છે તે પોર�?ક ચિમાાં દખલ કરીને મેિોફાઇટની
રચનામાાં ફેરફાર કરી શકે છે .
સ�?વદે શી લોકો/ સબ-સહારન આટરકન �?વતહાવસક રીતે અન�?ફ�?ડરસવ�?ડણ પરાં પરાગત સ�?થાવનક સમદાયો
(ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૭)
પ�?રોજેક�?ટ વવસ�?તારમાાં કોઈ સ�?થાવનક લોકો નથી. જો કે, આ પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે સ�?થાવનક પરામશણ હાથ ધરવામાાં
આવ�?યો હતો.
સાાંસ�?કૃવતક વારસો (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૮)
હેટરટેજ સ�?રક�?ચસણ અને સાાંસ�?કૃવતક સ�?થળો માટે આકારર�?ી હાથ ધરવામાાં આવી હતી. સૌથી નજીકન ાં
સ�?મારક �? �?સટીપીથી ૧.૬ ટકલોમીટરના અંતરે આવેલ ફતેહ બાગ ટકલ�?લો છે , જે સ ૂચચત કાયણ
પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓમાાંથી કોઈપર�?ને કારર�?ે પ�?રભાવવત થશે નહીં.
ટહતધારકની સાંલગ�?નતા અને માટહતીન ાં ટડસ�?ક�?લો�?ર (ઇ.�?સ.�?સ. ૧૦)
પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ અને જી-�?.સી.આર.પી. પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે
�?સ.ઈ.પી. ની તૈયારી દરમ�?યાન સાબરમતી / ફતેહવાડી કેનાલના ડાઉનસ�?રીમમાાં �?સ.ટી.પી.�?સ.
નજીકના વવસ�?તારના રહેવાસીઓ, �?સ.ટી.પી. ઓપરે ટરો, અ.મ�?ય.કો. અવધકારીઓ અને સમદાયો
સટહત વવવવધ ટહતધારકો સાથે �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ તૈયાર કરવા માટે
પરામશણ હાથ ધરવામાાં આવ�?યો હતો.
સાંભવવત સામાજજક અસરો
પ�?રવતણમાન �?સ.ટી.પી. બાઉન�?ફ�?ડ�?રીની અંદર ટે ક�?નોલોજીન ાં વધણન અને અપગ�?રેડેશન કરવાની દરખાસ�?ત
છે . પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે જમીન સાંપાદનની જરૂર નથી. પ�?રોજેક�?ટ વવકાસ માટે વવસ�?થાપન અને સહવતી
મદ�?દાઓની કલ�?પના કરવામાાં આવી નથી. નજીકની વસાહતો ૧ ટકમી દૂ ર છે .
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�?સટીપી ક�?લસ�?ટરથી હાઇવે પર વસાહતો આવેલી છે . સવવિસ રોડ અને ફતેવાડી કેનાલની બાજમાાં
�?સટીપી કાયણરત થયા પછી �?ક સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહત છે જે મોટાભાગે ધ ૂળ અને હવાના ઉત�?સર�?જન
રાટફક અને બાાંધકામ દરવમયાન સામગ�?રી, સાધનસામગ�?રી અને મજૂરની સાંબવાં ધત ટહલચાલને લગતી
અસર અનભવી શકે છે . �?સટીપી સધીનો હાલનો રસ�?તો કાચો છે અને ભારે વાહનો અને સાધનોની
અવરજવર માટે યોગ�?ય નથી. પ�?રોજેક�?ટના બાાંધકામના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન ધ ૂળ અને વાય પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?ને
ઘટાડવા માટે પ�?રોજેક�?ટના ભાગ રૂપે આ તમામ હવામાન માગણ હોવા જરૂરી છે .
ટરટ�?મેન�?ફ�?ટ વવનાના ગાંદા પાર�?ીને છોડવાને કારર�?ે ડાઉનસ�?રીમ વપરાશકતાણઓ પરની અસર પર�?
ઓળખવામાાં આવી છે . �?સટીપીના અપગ�?રેડેશન પછી, સાબરમતી નદીમાાં છોડવામાાં આવતા રીટેડ
પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તામાાં સધારો થશે જેનો લાભ ડાઉનસ�?રીમના વપરાશકારોને થશે. રાટફક મેનેજમેન�?ફ�?ટ
પ�?લાન અને બાાંધકામ દરવમયાન ગાંદાપાર�?ીન ાં ડાયવ�?ણન જેવા યોગ�?ય પગલાાંની જરૂર પડશે જેથી
ડાઉનસ�?રીમ ય�?સણ પર થતી અને સાંભવવત રીતે ઓળખાતી અસરોને ટાળવા અને ઘટાડવાની જરૂર
પડશે.
સાંચચત અસરો
મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન દશાણવે છે કે ૨૪૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. પેટા-પ�?રોજેક�?ટન ાં અપગ�?રેડેશન અને હાલના ૧૨૬
�?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. ની જગ�?યા પર નવા ૩૭૫ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. ન ાં બાાંધકામ (અને
ાં , અને પીરાર�?ા ૧૮૦ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. ન ાં
પછી હાલના �?સ.ટી.પી. ને તોડી પાડવ)
અપગ�?રેડેશન તમામ પયાણવરર�? પર હકારાત�?મક અસર કરશે. પટરમાર�?ો ખાસ કરીને સાબરમતી નદી
અને/અથવા ફતેહવાડી કેનાલ અને ડાઉનસ�?રીમ ઉપયોગની પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તા પર પડશે.
હયાત �?સટીપીનાાં બીઓડી, સીઓડી, ટીડી�?સ, સાાંદ�?રતાનો ભાર વધ જોવા મળ�?યો હતો જેની સારવાર
અને �?નજીટી માગણદવશિકાને પ ૂર�?ણ કયાણ પછી આ લોડમાાં નોંધપાત�?ર ઘટાડો થશે અને સાબરમતી
નદીના પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તા પર હકારાત�?મક અસર પડશે. �?વી અપેક�?ષા રાખી શકાય છે કે લાાંબા ગાળે
આ ચબન-બારમાસી નદીમાાં જૈવવક વવવવધતા વધી શકે છે અને આ પ�?રદે શમાાં ભ ૂગભણ જળની
ગર�?વત�?તામાાં સધારો થશે.
વાસર�?ા ૧૨૬ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. ક�?ષમતાનો પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટ અ.મ�?ય.કો. માાં ઉત�?પાટદત કલ ગટરના લગભગ ૯%
પાર�?ીને રીટ કરે છે . હાલના �? જગ�?યા�? ૩૮૫ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. ક�?ષમતાનો નવો �?સ.ટી.પી. બીઓડી,
સીઓડી અને ટી�?સ�?સ પર પયાણવરર�?ીય ભારર�? (જેમાાં રીટમેન�?ફ�?ટ ન કરાયેલ / સબ-શ�?રેટઠ રીતે
રીટેડ ગટરન ાં પાર�?ી સીધ ાં / આડકતરી રીતે નદી સધી પહોંચત ાં હોય તે સટહત) લગભગ ૭૦ થી
૮૦% ઘટશે.
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હાલની જે સ�?જ લાઈનો અને ટી.�?સ.પી.�?સ. આ �?સ.ટી.પી. ને મળે તે �?સટીપીના
અપગ�?રેડેશનના ભાગ રૂપે ટી.�?સ.પી.�?સ. માાં નાના સધારાની દરખાસ�?ત કરવામાાં આવી છે .
પ�?રસ�?તાવવત પેટા-પ�?રોજેક�?ટ સાઇટની ઉત�?તર બાજ�? આવેલા ગ�?યાસપર મેરો ડેપોમાાં ચાલી રહેલી
બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓને કારર�?ે બાાંધકામ દરવમયાન હવાની ગર�?વત�?તા પર કામચલાઉ સાંચચત અસર
પડી શકે છે . આ પ�?રોજેક�?ટ �?વપ�?રલ ૨૦૨૨ સધીમાાં પ ૂર�?ણ થવાની ધારર�?ા હતી, જે કોવવડ ૧૯ ની ચાલી
રહેલી ત�?રીજી લહેરને કારર�?ે વવલાંબમાાં પડી શકે છે . જો કે , �?વી અપેક�?ષા રાખવામાાં આવે છે કે સ ૂચચત
નવા વાસર�?ા ૩૭૫ �?મ.�?લ.ડી. �?સ.ટી.પી. બાાંધકામ માટે સાઇટના કામો શરૂ કરતા પહેલા આ
બાાંધકામ પ ૂર�?ણ થઈ જશે. વાસર�?ા ૨૪૦ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપીન ાં અપગ�?રેડેશન પર�? જો �?કસાથે હાથ
ધરવામાાં આવે તો બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓને કારર�?ે વધતા વાય પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?માાં ફાળો આપશે. જો કે, વાસર�?ા
૨૪૦ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપી ખાતે ટડમોચલશનની પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ વાસર�?ા ૧૨૬ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપી ખાતે
ટડમોચલશન પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ પહેલાાં શરૂ થશે જ�?યાાં હાલના �?સટીપીને તોડી પાડવા પહેલાાં નવા �?સટીપીન ાં
વનમાણર�? કરવાની દરખાસ�?ત છે . આથી ઓવરલેવપિંગ બાાંધકામ સમયગાળા દરવમયાન આવી સાંચચત
અસર મયાણટદત સમયગાળા માટે અપેચક�?ષત છે . સાઇટ �?સટીપી મેરો ડેપો અને નદીથી ઘેરાયેલી
હોવાથી; ઘોંઘાટ અને ધ ૂળની અસરોના સાંવેદનશીલ રીસેપ�?ટસણ �? �?ક�?સેસ રોડની બાજમાાં આવેલી
સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહતો છે . રીસેપ�?ટસણ પરની ટૂાંકા ગાળાની અસરો ધ ૂળ જેવા વાય પ�?રદૂ ર�?કોમાાં વધારો, અને
વાહનો અને મશીનરીમાાંથી ઉત�?સર�?જન, વાહનોની ટહલચાલને કારર�?ે અવાજના સ�?તરમાાં વધારો, અને
મશીનરીના સાંચાલનને કારર�?ે થતી અસરો સાથે સાંકળાયેલી છે જેને શ�?રેટઠ પદ�?ધવતઓ અપનાવીને
ઘટાડી શકાય છે .
વાસર�?ા ૨૪૦ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપીના પનવણસનમાાં ૨૪૦ �?મ�?લડી �?સટીપી અને ૧૨૬
�?મ�?લડી સધીના �?પ�?રોચ રોડનાાં સરફેવસિંગનો સમાવેશ કરવામાાં આવ�?યો છે . સવણ-હવામાન
રસ�?તાઓન ાં વનમાણર�? બાાંધકામના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન વાય પ�?રદૂ ર�?ર�?માાં નોંધપાત�?ર ઘટાડો કરશે.
૯. પયાણવરર�? અને સામાજજક વ�?યવસ�?થાપન યોજના (ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી.)
આયોજજત આકારર�?ીના આધારે પ�?રોજેક�?ટની ટડ�?ાઇન/પ ૂવણ બાાંધકામ, બાાંધકામ અને કામગીરીના
તબક�?કાઓ માટે ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. વવકસાવવામાાં આવી છે . જે મીટીગેશન મે�?સણ અપનાવીને
પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક અસરોન ાં સાંચાલન રજૂ કરે છે - (�?) જોખમો અને અસરોની ધારર�?ા
કરો અને ટાળો; (બી) જ�?યાાં ટાળવ ાં શક�?ય ન હોય ત�?યાાં, લઘત�?તમ જોખમો અને અસરોને સ�?વીકાયણ સ�?તરે
ઘટાડે (સી) �?કવાર જોખમો અને અસરો થઈ જાય તે ઘટાડી અને. ડીબીઓટી કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટની ચબડ
કરતી વખતે ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. ને ચબડ દસ�?તાવેજોમાાં સામેલ કરી કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર આ પગલાાંને અમલમાાં
મ ૂકવા માટે જરૂરી સાંસાધનો અને વમકેવન�?મ�?સ ફાળવે. તેની ખાતરી કરો.
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૧૦. મોનીટરીંગ પ�?લાન
બાાંધકામના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન, ચાલ બાાંધકામ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ દરવમયાન પયાણવરર�?ની ગર�?વત�?તા
ચકાસવા માટે પયાણવરર�?ીય દે ખરે ખ હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે. કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર દ�?વારા હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે
અને પી.આઈ.ય. મોનીટરીંગના અમલીકરર�?ની સમીક�?ષા માટે જવાબદાર રહેશે. મોનીટરીંગમાાં
�?લ�?મ�?બયન�?ફ�?ટ �?ર ક�?વોચલટી, ઇન�?ફ�?ટેક સીવેજ ગર�?વત�?તા, આઉટફોલ રીટેડ વોટર ક�?વોચલટી, �?લ�?મ�?બયન�?ફ�?ટ
નોઈ�?, ગ�?રાઉન�?ફ�?ડ વોટર ક�?વોચલટી, સોઈલ ક�?વોચલટી અને સ�?લજ ક�?વોચલટીન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન સામેલ હશે. આ
દે ખરે ખમાાં પી.�?મ.સી. દ�?વારા બાાંધકામ દે ખરે ખ અને ગર�?વત�?તા વનયાંત�?રર�?ના ભાગરૂપે ઓ.�?ચ.�?સ.
પાસાઓ, સમદાય સલામતી અને કામદારોની સલામતીનો પર�? સમાવેશ થશે.
કામગીરીના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન, પ�?રોજેક�?ટ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓને કારર�?ે પયાણવરર�?ીય લક�?ષર�?ો પરની અસરોને
સમજવા માટે પયાણવરર�?ીય દે ખરે ખ હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે. તે ડીબીઓટી / ઓ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?મ કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર
દ�?વારા હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે અને અ.મ�?ય.કો. અમલીકરર�?ની સમીક�?ષા માટે જવાબદાર રહેશે.
મોનીટરીંગમાાં �?લ�?મ�?બયન�?ફ�?ટ �?ર ક�?વોચલટી, ઇનલેટ સીવેજ ક�?વોચલટી, આઉટલેટ રીટેડ વોટર ક�?વોચલટી,
�?લ�?મ�?બયન�?ફ�?ટ નોઈ�?, ગ�?રાઉન�?ફ�?ડ વોટર ક�?વોચલટી, સોઈલ ક�?વોચલટી અને સ�?લજ ક�?વોચલટીનો સમાવેશ થશે.
ઇ�?સ�?મપી ન ાં પાલન સવનવિત કરવા માટે , પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટની જાળવર�?ી અને સીટીઈ શરતો �?�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ
ઓટડટ કામગીરીના તબક�?કા દરમ�?યાન થડણ પાટી દ�?વારા હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે.
ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ ઑટડટમાાં સામેલ છે :
૧. �?સટીપી અને �?કમોની કામગીરીની સ�?સ�?થવત અને જગ�?યાન ાં ભૌવતક મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન
૨. પયાણવરર�?ીય વ�?યવસ�?થાપન પદ�?ધવતઓની ઓળખ અને મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન
૩. કામદારો અને સમદાયો માટે આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતીના જોખમો
૪. ઇ�?સ�?સ, રાટરીય, રાજકીય અને સ�?થાવનક કાયદાઓન ાં પાલન અને પરવાનગીઓ, સાંમવતની
શરતો, શ�?રમ સ�?વાસ�?�?ય, સલામતી, સરક�?ષા, કલ�?યાર�? વગેરેન ાં ફરજજયાત અને વૈધાવનક પાલન
૫. સ�?થળ પર ઈ�?ચ�?સ, જીઆર�?મ, વવવવધ કાયણ યોજનાઓન ાં અમલીકરર�?.
૬. સાઈટ માટે જરૂરી દસ�?તાવેજો, રે કોર�?ડ ણ સ અને ટરપોટડણ સની જાળવર�?ી.
૭. �?લ.�?મ.પી. પાલન.
૮. ક�?ષમતાઓન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન, �?ન.જી.ટી. ધોરર�?ો હાાંસલ કરવા માટેની તકનીક અને ટડ�?ાઇન
સ�?પટટીકરર�?
૯. પયાણવરર�?ીય દે ખરે ખ વવશ�?લેર�?ર�? અને સારવાર
૧૦. સ�?લજન ાં ઉત�?પાદન અને સારવાર.
૧૧. સામાન�?ફ�?ય કાયણ સલામતી રે કોડણ અને ઘટના અહેવાલ
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૧૨. સી.ટી.ઈ. (બાાંધકામના તબક�?કામાાં) અને સી.ટી.ઓ. (ઓપરે શન તબક�?કામાાં) શરતો અથવા
અન�?ફ�?ય વનયમનકારી શરતોન ાં પાલન.
૧૧. ક�?ષમતા વનમાણર�?
આયોજન, બાાંધકામ અને કામગીરી સટહત તમામ તબક�?કે ક�?ષમતા વનમાણર�?ની જરૂર પડશે. તેમાાં
અ.મ�?ય.કો. પ�?રોજેક�?ટ સ�?ટાફ, સાંબવાં ધત PIU, કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર સ�?ટાફ, સપરવાઈ�?ર, કન�?ફ�?સલ�?ટન�?ફ�?ટ, પયાણવરર�?ીય અને
સામાજજક વનટર�?ાતો, મજૂરો, ટહતધારકો વગેરે માટે વવવવધ વકણ શોપ અને સેવમનારનો સમાવેશ થશે.
તાલીમ માટેના વવર�?યોમાાં આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતી, પયાણવરર�? વ�?યવસ�?થાપન અને ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી.
અમલીકરર�?, વનયમનકારી બાબતોનો સમાવેશ થશે.
૧૨. ફટરયાદ વનવારર�? પદ�?ધવત
ટહતધારકો જે પ�?રકારની ફટરયાદો ઉઠાવી શકે છે તેમાાં નીચેનાનો સમાવેશ થાય છે , પરાં ત તે આટલા
સધી મયાણટદત નથી:
• વળતરની ચ ૂકવર�?ી ન કરવી અને પ�?રોજેક�?ટ અસરગ�?રસ�?ત લોકોને બળજબરીથી કાઢી મકવા.
• બાાંધકામ સાંબવાં ધત અસરો - વતરાડો, માળખાને નકસાન; ધ ૂળ પાક/વ ૃક�?ષોને નકસાન છે
• આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતીના જોખમો.
• પયાણવરર�? પર નકારાત�?મક અસરો.
• સમદાયો પર નકારાત�?મક અસરો, જેમાાં બાાંધકામ અથવા ઓપરે શનલ પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓથી નાર�?ાકીય
નકસાન, ભૌવતક નકસાન અને ઉપદ�?રવનો સમાવેશ થઈ શકે છે , પરાં ત તે પ ૂરતો મયાણટદત નથી.
અ.મ�?ય.કો. પાસે કાયણરત ફટરયાદ વનવારર�? વસસ�?ટમ (CCRS, http://www.amccrs.com) છે જેમાાં વેબ
પોટણ લ અને ટોલ-રી નાંબરનો સમાવેશ થાય છે . તે દર મટહને લગભગ ૪૦-૫૦ હજાર ફટરયાદો
નોંધે છે . વસસ�?ટમમાાં નોંધાયેલી કોઈપર�? ફટરયાદને કાયણવાહી માટે સાંબવાં ધત �?ોનમાાં મોકલવામાાં
આવે છે . દરે ક ફટરયાદમાાં �?ક યોગ�?ય વસસ�?ટમ હોય છે જેના દ�?વારા જો કોઈ વનરાકરર�?થી ખશ ન હોય
તો તેને આગળ વધારી શકાય છે . જો કેટલીક ફટરયાદો સીધી �?ોનલ ઓટફસમાાં આવે છે (મોટાભાગે
શહેરી ગરીબોની) તો તે મખ�?ય વસસ�?ટમમાાં નોંધવામાાં આવે છે . સીસીઆર�?સ ગજરાત સરકારની
સી�?મ હેલ�?પલાઈન સાથે સમન�?ફ�?વવયત છે અને ત�?યાાં આવતી કોઈપર�? ફટરયાદો પર�? વસસ�?ટમમાાં રે કોડણ
કરવામાાં આવે છે .
૧૩. અમલીકરર�? વ�?યવસ�?થા
આ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ સ ૂચચત પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટની ટફ�?ીચબલીટી તબક�?કે તૈયાર
કરવામાાં આવે છે . આ તબક�?કે , �?સટીપીના પનઃસ�?થાપન માટે ની સાંભવવતતા અને તેના
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અમલીકરર�?ની પદ�?ધવતની તપાસ કરવામાાં આવી છે અને સાંભવવતતા અહેવાલ ટડ�?ાઇન - ચબલ�?ડ -
ઓપરે ટ (ડીબીઓટી) ફોમેટ હેઠળ પ�?રસ�?તાવવત પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટને ઓપન ટેક�?નોલોજી રીતે ચબડ કરવાન ાં
સ ૂચન કરે છે , જ�?યાાં ચબડર શ�?રેટઠ સ ૂચન કરી શકે છે . સ ૂચવેલ ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ ધોરર�?ોને સવનવિત કરવા માટે
પયાણવરર�?ીય રીતે યોગ�?ય ટેકનોલોજીને આ ટકસ�?સામાાં, આ તબક�?કે ટેક�?નોલોજીને અંવતમ સ�?વરૂપ
આપવામાાં આવ�?ય ાં ન હોવાથી, ડીબીઓટી કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટરને ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ જરૂટરયાતોને સમજવા અને
વ�?યવસ�?થાપન / શમનના પગલાાંની ખાતરી કરવા માટે જરૂરી સાંસાધનો અને અમલીકરર�?
પદ�?ધવતઓનો સમાવેશ કરવા સક�?ષમ બનાવવા માટે દસ�?તાવેજોમાાં ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. નો સમાવેશ
કરવાનો પ�?રસ�?તાવ છે . �?કવાર અમલીકરર�?ના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન ટડ�?ાઇનને આખરી ઓપ
આપવામાાં આવે, ત�?યારે ડી.બી.ઓ.ટી કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર વાસ�?તવવક ટેકનોલોજી / ટડ�?ાઇનના આધારે
ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. અપડેટ કરાવશે. અ.મ�?ય.કો. ખાતે રચાયેલ પી.આઈ.ય. ના સસ�?ટેનેબલ અબણન
ડેવલપમેન�?ફ�?ટ યવનટ (�?સ.ય.ડી.ય.) પી�?મસી સાથે મળીને વવશ�?વ બેંકની સમીક�?ષા અને માંજૂરી માટે
દસ�?તાવેજની સમીક�?ષા કરશે અને મોકલશે. પી.�?મ.સી. બાાંધકામ દે ખરે ખ અને ગર�?વત�?તા વનયાંત�?રર�?ના
ભાગરૂપે ઇ.�?ન�?ફ�?ડ.�?સ. પાસાઓ અને ઓ�?ચ�?સ / સી�?ચ�?સ ની દે ખરે ખ કરશે. થડણ પાટી ઓટડટ
પ�?રોજેક�?ટના દરે ક વર�?ણ દરવમયાન વાવર�?િક ધોરર�?ે હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે, જેમાાં બાાંધકામ દરવમયાનના
તમામ ઇ.�?ન�?ફ�?ડ.�?સ. પાસાઓની સમીક�?ષા અને ઓ.�?ન�?ફ�?ડ.�?મ. અને ઓ.�?ચ.�?સ. / સી.�?ચ.�?સ.
નો સમાવેશ થાય છે . ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.આઈ.�?સ. દ�?વારા સબપ�?રોજેક�?ટ વવગતો પર નજર રાખવામાાં આવશે.
૧૪. ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. ના અમલીકરર�? અને દે ખરે ખ માટે અંદાજજત બજેટ
�?ન.જી.ટી. ધોરર�?ોને પ ૂર�?ણ કરવા માટે �?સ.ટી.પી. ની ટડ�?ાઇન અને પનવણસન, સ�?લજ માટે સોલાર
ડ�?રાવયિંગ પ�?લાન�?ફ�?ટ, ગ�?રીડ-કનેક�?ટેડ સોલાર રૂફ ટોપ વસસ�?ટમ, ઓડર વનયાંત�?રર�? �?કમ, �?પ�?રોચ રોડ, કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર
યાડણ ની સ�?થાપના, આકસ�?સ�?મક ખચણ માટે કલ પ�?રોજેક�?ટ ખચણ આઈ�?નઆર ૧૦.૫૯ વમચલયન છે , (ય�?સડી
૦.૧૪ વમચલયન) અને ઑપરે શન ખચણ (આઈ�?નઆર ૨.૩૩ વમચલયન, ય�?સડી ૦.૦૩૧ વમચલયન
/ વર�?ણ, આઈ�?નઆર ૧૧.૬ વમચલયન, ય�?સડી ૧.૫૬ વમચલયન પાાંચ વર�?ણ માટે) આઈ�?નઆર ૨૨
વમચલયન, ય�?સડી ૦.૨૯ વમચલયન હશે. તેમાાં ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ સ�?ટાફ તરફના ખચણ, ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. મજબ
પયાણવરર�?ીય દે ખરે ખ, ગ�?રીન બેલ�?ટ ડેવલપમેન�?ફ�?ટ, વૈધાવનક ફી �?ટલે કે સીટીઇ વગેરેનો સમાવેશ થશે.
૧૫. ઈ.�?સ.સી.પી. માાં સમાવેશ માટેના પાસાઓ
આ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ ની જાહેરાત અને પરામશણ, ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ જરૂટરયાતો
પર કોન�?ફ�?રાક�?ટર પાસેથી બીડ માટે અહીં તૈયાર કરે લ ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. નો સમાવેશ, અને વવગતવાર
ટડ�?ાઇનને આખરી રૂપ આપ�?યા પછી સબપ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ
અને ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી. ન ાં અપડેટ ઈ.�?સ.સી.પી. માાં સામેલ કરવામાાં આવશે. પ ૂર અંગેનો વવગતવાર
અભ�?યાસ અને તેની રોકાર�?ો પરની અસર સ�?સ�?થવતસ�?થાપક ઈન�?ફ�?રાસ�?રક�?ચરના વનમાણર�?ની જાર�? કરશે. આ
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ઉપરાાંત, અ.મ�?ય.કો. પાસે પેટા-પ�?રોજેક�?ટ ઇ�?ન�?ફ�?ડ�?સ જરૂટરયાતો, ઈ.�?સ.�?મ.પી., મોવનટટરિંગ પ�?લાન,
અને ક�?ષમતા વનમાણર�? જરૂટરયાતોને અમલમાાં મ ૂકવા અને મોવનટર કરવા માટે પ ૂરતી ક�?ષમતા હોવી
જોઈ�? જે અહીં ઓળખવામાાં આવેલ છે અને ઈ.�?સ.સી.પી. માાં સમાવવટટ છે .
૧૬. સ�?ટેકહોલ�?ડર પરામશણ
ડ�?રાફ�?ટ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ ટરપોટણ તૈયાર કરવા માટે પરામશણ હાથ ધરવામાાં
આવ�?યો હતો. પેટા પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ ની તૈયારી દરવમયાન
સ�?ક�?વોટર વસાહતના રહેવાસીઓ, �?સટીપી ઓપરે ટરો, અમ�?યકો અવધકારીઓ સટહત વવવવધ
ટહતધારકો સાથે પરામશણ હાથ ધરવામાાં આવ�?યો છે . ટહસ�?સેદારોની પરામશણ �? ગવતશીલ પ�?રટિયા છે
અને જી-�?.સી.આર.પી. પ�?રોજેક�?ટના સમયગાળા દરમ�?યાન પરામશણ હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે. ડ�?રાફ�?ટ અને
અંવતમ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ, ઇ�?સ�?મપી�?સ અમલીકરર�? �?જન�?ફ�?સી, �?ટલે
કે અ.મ�?ય.કો. ની વેબસાઇટ પર અને વવશ�?વ બેંકની વેબસાઇટ પર જાહેર કરવામાાં આવશે. અ.મ�?ય.કો.
ની વેબસાઈટ પર �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ અને ઇ�?સ�?મપી જાહેર કયાણના �?ક
મટહના પછી પરામશણ પર�? હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે. પરામશણ પછી, ટહતધારકોના સ ૂચનો સામેલ
કરવામાાં આવશે, અને દસ�?તાવેજો ફરીથી જાહેર કરવામાાં આવશે.
૧૭. ભલામર�?ો અને આગળનો માગણ
�?કવાર અમલીકરર�?ના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન વવગતવાર પ�?રોજેક�?ટ ટડ�?ાઇન તૈયાર થઈ જાય પછી આ
�?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ / ઇ�?સ�?મપી અપડેટ કરવામાાં આવશે. �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ
સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ �?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ �? મહત�?વના મદ�?દાઓન ાં મ ૂલ�?યાાંકન અને રૂપરે ખા આપી છે જે
અમલીકરર�?ના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન દસ�?તાવેજો અને વવગતવાર ટડ�?ાઇનમાાં સમાવવામાાં આવશે;
પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટની મખ�?ય અસર સાબરમતી નદી અને/અથવા ફતેહવાડી કેનાલમાાં છોડવામાાં આવતા
રીટેડ સ�?જની ગર�?વત�?તામાાં સધારો થવાને કારર�?ે �?કાંદરે લાભ થશે, જેના પટરર�?ામે શહેર અને તેના
પ�?રદે શના લોકોના પયાણવરર�? અને આરોગ�?યમાાં �?કાંદરે સધારો થશે. �?ન�?ફ�?વાયણમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ
�?સેસમેન�?ફ�?ટ સ ૂચચત પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટને કારર�?ે પયાણવરર�?ીય અને સામાજજક બાબતો પર જોખમો અને
અસરોના 'નોંધપાત�?ર' સ�?તરને પ�?રકાવશત કરે છે . જે મોટાભાગે બાાંધકામના તબક�?કા દરવમયાન થવાની
અપેક�?ષા રાખવામાાં આવે છે અને તેને ટાળી શકાય છે , ઘટાડી શકાય છે અને સાંચાચલત કરી શકાય
છે . આ પ�?રોજેક�?ટ માટે જમીન સાંપાદનની કોઈ જરૂટરયાત નથી કારર�? કે સ ૂચચત પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ હાલની
પ�?રોજેક�?ટ સીમામાાં હાથ ધરવામાાં આવશે. ત�?યાાં મધ�?યમથી નોંધપાત�?ર બાાંધકામ અને કામગીરીના
તબક�?કાના જોખમો અને (i) �?સટીપી સાઇટના ખલ�?લા ભાગને નવી સવવધામાાં રૂપાાંતટરત કરવા તથા
હાલના �?સટીપીન ાં ટડમોચલશન, જેને ટડકન�?ફ�?ટવમનેશનની જરૂર પડી શકે છે , (ii) બાાંધકામને કારર�?ે
અવાજ અને હવાની ગર�?વત�?તા અને ખાસ કરીને, સ ૂચચત ટડમોચલશન, પટરવહન પ�?રવ ૃવત�?તઓ, (iii)
ESIA FOR UPGRADATION OF THE EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022 40
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વ�?યવસાવયક અને સામદાવયક આરોગ�?ય અને સલામતી જોખમો અને અસરો, (iv) સ�?થાવનકોને ખલેલ
વનસ�?પવત અને પ�?રાર�?ીસ ૃષ�?ટટ અને નજીકની સ�?થાવનક રીતે મહત�?વપ ૂર�?ણ સાાંસ�?કૃવતક અસ�?કયામતો
(કબ�?રસ�?તાન), (v) સ�?લજ અને કચરો જેમાાં (ઘન કચરો, ચબન-બાયોટડગ�?રેડેબલ કચરો, ઇ-કચરો, જોખમી
કચરો અને મોટા પ�?રમાર�?માાં સી�?ન�?ફ�?ડડી કચરો) દૂ વર�?ત હોવ ાં જે જોખમો અને અસરોને ઘટાડવા માટે
સારી રીતે સાંચાચલત કરવાની જરૂર છે , (vi) ઉપ-શ�?રેટઠ રીતે સારવાર કરાયેલ સ�?જ અથવા આકસ�?સ�?મક
પર ઇ�?સ�?મપી સારી ટડ�?ાઇન, કડક ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ ધોરર�?ો અપનાવવા અને વનયમનકારી અનપાલન
દ�?વારા આ જોખમો અને અસરોને ટાળવા, ઘટાડવા અને સાંચાચલત કરવા માટેની પદ�?ધવતઓની યાદી
આપે છે ; અને સારી આંતરરાટરીય ઉદ�?યોગ પ�?રર�?ાલીઓને અનસરે છે . તેના માટે મીટીગેશનના પગલાાં
આપવામાાં આવ�?યા છે . આમાાંથી રીટેડ ગટરના પ�?રવાહને કારર�?ે સાંચચત અસર થશે અને અન�?ફ�?ય
�?સટીપીને જી-�?.સી.આર.પી. દ�?વારા અપગ�?રેડ કરવાની દરખાસ�?ત કરવામાાં આવશે જે કડક ટડસ�?ચાર�?જ
ધોરર�?ોને સવનવિત કરવાના પ�?રોજેક�?ટના ઉદ�?દે શ�?યને ધ�?યાનમાાં રાખીને અત�?યાંત ફાયદાકારક રહેશે.
પેટાપ�?રોજેક�?ટના અમલીકરર�? પછી, રીટેડ પાર�?ીની ગર�?વત�?તામાાં સધારો થશે અને તે સાબરમતી નદીના
પયાણવરર�?ીય સાંતલનને સધારવામાાં મદદ કરશે. જેના પટરર�?ામે �?કાંદરે વધ સારાં પયાણવરર�? અને
આરોગ�?ય પ�?રાપ�?ત થશે.
પ�?રારાં ચભક રોકાર�? માટે ESMF અને ESIA કોપોરે શનની વેબસાઈટ
https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=viewAttac
hment&queryType=Select&screenId=2900003&AttachmentFileName=ESMF.pdf and
https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=viewAttach
ment&queryType=Select&screenId=2900003&AttachmentFileName=ESIA-240-MLD-STP.pdf
પર જાહેર કરવામાાં આવ�?યા હતા અને 10 ફેબ�?રઆરી, 2022 ના રોજ વવશ�?વ બેંકની વેબસાઇટ પર
મકવામાાં આવેલ હતા. ટડસ�?ક�?લો�?ર પછી લાર�?જ સ�?કેલ કન�?ફ�?સલટેશન તારીખ 7 જૂન 2022 ના રોજ પાંટડત
દીનદયાળ ઉપાધ�?યાય ઓટડટોટરયમ બોડકદે વ ખાતે યોજવામાાં આવેલ જેમાાં અમદાવાદ મ�?યવનવસપલ
કોપોરે શનના માનનીય મેયરશ�?રી, ડેપ�?યટી મેયરશ�?રી, કમીટી મેમ�?બસણ, કોપોરે ટરશ�?રીઓ, કોપોરે શનના
મ�?યવનવસપલ કવમશનરશ�?રી તથા અવધકારીઓ, �?નજીઓ, વવર�?ય વનટર�?ાતો, સામાન�?ફ�?ય પ�?રજા વગેરેની
હાજરીમાાં સદર તમામ �?ન�?ફ�?વાયરમેન�?ફ�?ટ સોશીયલ ઇમ�?પેક�?ટ અંગે ચચાણ કરવામાાં આવેલ તથા તેઓના
સ ૂચનો માાંગવામાાં આવેલ. ચચાણ દરવમયાન પ ૂછવામાાં આવેલ તમામ પ�?રશ�?નો ના સાંતોર�?કારક જવાબો
આપવામાાં આવેલ તેમજ સ ૂચનો આવકારીને તને પ�?રોજેક�?ટ મેનેજમેન�?ફ�?ટ માાં આવરી લેવામાાં આવેલ
છે .
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The Government of Gujarat (GoG) has requested the Bank to support the Ahmedabad
Municipal Corporation (AMC) in developing resilient urban infrastructure to address the
evolving needs of the rapidly expanding urban population in the city, through the Gujarat
Resilient Cities Partnership: Ahmedabad City Resilience Project (G-ACRP). The city which is a
key economic growth centre for the state has expressed that there are key gaps in basic urban
infrastructure relating to wastewater management/recycling and reuse, storm water
drainage, lake, and water body rejuvenation, and flood risk management. Further, there are
several institutional, planning, financing, and governance issues related to service delivery
including lack of integrated multi-sector approach for sustainable and resilient municipal
service delivery, primarily across various service sectors.
The proposed development objective of G- ACRP proposed to be supported by the World
Bank’s Investment Project Financing (IPF) is to develop resilient and sustainable urban service
delivery and financial systems in Ahmedabad. As a first phase of a programmatic partnership,
G-ACRP will provide financing and technical support to Ahmedabad city for implementing
reforms and investments to improve service delivery and establish a solid foundation to
extend support to other cities in Gujarat. G-ACRP will support AMC in addressing key
institutional, financial, and service delivery constraints to improve the resilience and
sustainability of priority urban services. G-ACRP project consists of three major components
which will strengthen AMC’s institutional and financial systems and revenue performance;
Improving wastewater management services; and develop state level institutional systems
and capacities. The proposed subject is upgradation of existing 240 MLD STP, access road
improvement and upgradation of one pumping station being undertaken under the ACRP
project. Details of the sub project are discussed in section 1.3 below.
G-ACRP AMC intends to implement this subproject in a Design-Build-Operate – Transfer
format and is in the process of preparing Feasibility Report for this subproject Upgradation of
existing 240 MLD STP and associated infrastructure including One Terminal Sewage Pump
Station at Vasna. AMC intends to implement this subproject in a Design-Build-Operate –
Transfer format and is in the process of preparing a Feasibility Report for this subproject. Royal
Haskkoning DHV Consulting Pvt. Ltd. in consortium with TTI Consulting Engineers (India) Pvt.
Ltd. has been appointed as consultant to prepare the Feasibility Report with a preliminary
design for the project.
AMC has appointed TATA Consulting Engineers Limited (TCE) to prepare ESIA reports for the
subprojects which would be taken up under Phase I of G-ACRP. This report is the ESIA prepared
by TCE for the proposed subproject: Upgradation of existing 240 MLD STP and associated
infrastructure including One Terminal Sewage Pump Station at Vasna.
1.2 The rationale for the Proposed Sub-Project: Upgradation of existing 240 MLD STP and
associated infrastructure including One Terminal Sewage Pump Station at Vasna
Ahmedabad city is unique in its geographic features (such as almost flat terrain, Sabarmati
and Khari rivers draining the city and its region, presence of lakes), climatic conditions (hot-
semi arid with less rainfall, scorching summers, and very cold winters), and environmental
characteristics; and is prone to extreme events (such as floods and earthquake). The
population of Ahmedabad the fifth largest city in India was 5.57 million in 2011 (Census)
estimated to be 6.3 million by 2020. With the increasing opportunities for trade and
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commerce and as a centre for higher education, this heavy growth continues. It is highly
industrialized, with a high-density population living hand in hand with a beautiful heritage.
Water availability is less mainly dependent on Narmada waters, while the demand for
industrial effluent and wastewater management, sanitation, and waste management are
increasing day by day. Today, with its status as a predicted megacity, upgrading and
developing sustainable urban environmental infrastructure is very important for its people
and environment.
There are six (6) Sewerage (drainage) zones in Ahmedabad. The city has 98 percent water
supply network coverage
with adequate bulk water
treatment capacity. The
current per capita water
supply is estimated to be
150-160 lpcd3, which is
slightly more than the
national benchmark level of
150 lpcd as per the CPHEEO
manual. AMC is divided into
6 sewerage catchment
areas, three of these are on
the eastern side and the
other three are on the
western side of the River
Sabarmati. There are 68
sewage pumping stations,
out of these 10 are terminal
sewage pumping stations.
Figure 1: Sewerage Catchments in AMC
Figure 2: Location of STPs including Vasna 240 MLD
3 Liters per capita per day
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The City has a 3302 km sewer network with 1.27 million house connections, 64 Sewage
pumping stations, and 18 Sewage Treatment Plants with a total treatment capacity of 1248
MLD. Around 90% of the city area is served by the existing sewer network.
Population in the catchment area of the Vasna STPs Including Vasna 240 MLD, Vasna 126 MLD,
Vasna 35 MLD and Vasna 48 MLD STPs) will increase from 1.5million in 2021 to 2.3 million in
2039 which will increase the sewage quantity to be treated from 209.26 to 315.15 MLD in the
same period.
Ahmedabad was granted the status of a Metropolitan city in 2014. Accordingly, the per capita
water supply to Ahmedabad is 150 lpcd. Thus, the sewer network design and treatment
capacity of STPs would have been based on 122 lpcd of sewage generation as shown in Table
1 below. The additional quantity of about 7% of the sewage shall be allowed on account of
infiltration into the sewers. The CPHEEO Manual restricts the infiltration flow to a maximum
of 10%.
Table 1: Sewage Generation Details
Sl. No Description Prior to 2014 (lpcd) After 2014 (lpcd)
1 Water Supply to residents (Excluding UFW) 135 150
2 Allow supply for commercial institutional & 7.5 7.5
Civic amenities (minimum)
3 Total per Capita water supply 142.5 157.5
4 Sewage generation (80% of water supply) 114 126
5 Infiltration- 7% (Maximum 10%) 7.98 8.8
6 Total per capita sewage generation 122 135
The sewage generation is based on 150 lpcd water supply and the estimated population of
7.13million in 2021 is 963 MLD. Not all sewage generated in the catchments reaches the STPs
for treatment as some of the sewers in the trunk sewer network of the catchments are
dysfunctional or partially defunct. However, when the problematic sewers in the network are
rehabilitated, the STPs are expected to receive the full amount of sewage.
Western Zone -1 sewage catchment covers approximately 150 sq. km. area of AMC. The area
of Southwest Zone and North West Zone between SG Highway and SP Ring Road, Motera,
Chandkheda, Chenpur, Gota, Jagatpur, Bopal, Shilaj, Bhadaj, and newly added AUDA area in
AMC falls under this zone. The estimated contributing population for this zone is about 7.6
lakh. As per the SCADA records, about 220 MLD sewage is generated at present in this zone.
The entire sewage from this zone is ultimately conveyed to a centralized 240 MLD STP at
Vasna. The 240 MLD STP received sewage from 285 MLD TSPS.
As stated above, there is a gap between the amount of sewage generated within the AMC
limits and the total amount of wastewater treated. Existing large STPs established more than
10 - 12 years back have been working in a suboptimal manner due to operation and
maintenance issues, which has also contributed to increasing the pollution load in the river
Sabarmati to which they discharge the treated water as suggested in the Consent Conditions
issued by the regulator, namely Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB). At various locations
along the Sabarmati River, it has been observed that wastes, domestic wastewater, sewage,
and effluent from a few industries are being directly discharged into the river. This has
affected the quality of water in the Sabarmati River, the farmlands and communities
downstream which are dependent on the river, and the ground water quality in the nearby
localities.
This plant is based on Activated Sludge Process (ASP) and follows Consent Conditions based
on MoEFCC 2017 discharge standards. AMC aspires to upgrade the plants to meet stringent
standards put forth by NGT. The earlier design parameters did not consider the Biological
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Nutrient Removal i.e., BNR capability which affects the quality of treated effluent for
discharge. Hence, the existing Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of 240 MLD capacity at Vasna is
proposed for Technology upgradation under the G-ACRP project. AUDA had setup this STP in
2010 under JnNURM at INR 842 million to treat sewage at Vasna site with four modules of 60
MLD each. Many of the systems and equipment in the STP require upgradation and
replacement. This STP is not functioning optimally as evident from the quality of treated
sewage. AMC proposes to (i) change the treatment process to enable it to accept and treat
the sewage generated by all occupants in its catchment optimally, (ii) ensure higher efficiency
and achieve service level benchmark set by National agencies and regulators, (iii) achieve a
better quality of treated sewage as suggested by the National Green Tribunal (which would
meet the prevailing MoEFCC 2017 discharge standards as well). This will reduce discharge, and
bypass untreated or suboptimally treated sewage and sludge in waterbodies and land in its
catchment and area of influence minimize contamination of surface and ground water
sources, and overall improvement in the health of the environment and the society.
1.3 Proposed Sub-project Details
The existing Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of 240 MLD capacity at Vasna is proposed for
Technology upgradation under the G-ACRP project, within existing premises of existing STP.
This STP was built in the year 2011 and over the years, its functioning is deteriorated as evident
from the quality of treated sewage, and much of the infrastructure is dilapidated. Majority of
existing Electro-mechanical and instrumentation assets will become defunct after
commissioning of upgraded STP and TSPS. The handling and disposal of same is in Contractor’s
scope. Exact details of defunct Civil structures would be known only at the Design stage after
the contract is awarded. Construction period is considered for 3 years and O&M period – 15
years.
The process used in the existing STP is the Activated Sludge Process (ASP). AMC proposes to:
(i) change the treatment process to enable it to accept and treat the sewage generated
by all occupants in its catchment optimally,
(ii) ensure higher efficiency and achieve service level benchmark set by National agencies
and regulators,
(iii) achieve a better quality of treated sewage as suggested by the National Green
Tribunal (NGT).
This will ensure better sewage management in its catchment and area of influence, by
reducing discharge and bypass of untreated or suboptimal treated sewage in waterbodies and
land (reused for irrigation), thereby reducing the contamination of surface and ground water
sources and supporting overall improvement in the health of the environment and the society.
Following are the components proposed in this sub-project –
(i) STP Rehabilitation– STP will be upgraded with new technology to meet at the
minimum, the NGT suggested discharge standards. Electric Work includes replacing
existing transformers with new transformers of higher capacity i.e., 2500 KVA. New
LED Street Light poles with LED fixtures are proposed for street lighting.
(ii) Terminal Sewage Pump Station – There are minor defects like seepage/ leakage in the
structures, corrosion of reinforcement, spalling of concrete, minor cracks, damaged
railing, damaged waterproofing, spalling of plaster, etc in the structure observed
during the visual inspection of the structures. All these minor defects will be repaired
for the intended use by grouting, repair mortars, etc, as per the rehabilitation
methodology. Also, internal roads, storm water drainage facilities will be restored.
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(iii) Solar Roof Top (Grid Connected) and Solar Sludge management- Solar grid-connected
roof top system is proposed. A solar drying facility is proposed within the site which
will reduce the moisture content to 20%.
(iv) Approach Road – Existing unpaved (Kuccha) approach road will be converted to a
bituminous road of 6.0 m width starting from the culvert over Fatehwadi canal upto
the entrance gate of the 240 MLD STP
The estimated cost for the proposed rehabilitation works is as approximately 350-375 croes
Table 2: Cost Estimate bases for the Proposed STP Rehabilitation and allied facilities
Sl. No Description of Item Qty
1 Investigation survey by total station, Geotechnical survey, Hydraulic Lot
designs & drawings. Structural designs &drawings, detailed
estimates/BOQs. Completion of all necessary reports (Preliminary and
Detailed Design reports, any technical notes as required) including As-
Built drawings, etc. complete as per directions of Engineer in Charge.
2. Terminal Pump Station: Upgrading of 285 MLD TerminalPump Station 1 Lot
Design, Supply, Install, Commissioning of Step screens, Pumps,
motorized valves, local PLC system, electromagnetic flow meters, street
lighting, etc. complete to accommodate the existing pump station of 285
MLD capacity including all Civil, mechanical, Electrical, and
Instrumentation works, etc. Complete.
3 Designing, constructing, hydraulic testing, commissioning and giving 240
. satisfactorily trial runs of 240 MLD STP of Advanced modern Sequential MLD
Batch Reactor Technology which can be accommodated in the limited
identified land space consisting of Preliminary, Secondary and tertiary
units as per the requirement of NGT Standards with relevant
national/international codes etc. necessary piping work with required
valves, gates, drains, path Ways, Administration Block cum Laboratory,
Blower house and watchmen quarters as necessary, Laboratory
Equipment, Internal Roads, Pathways, Tools and plants, Treated
effluent arrangements etc. complete as turnkey job with all involved
Civil, electrical, Instrumentation and mechanical works, units as per
detailed specifications for civil, electrical, Instrumentation and
mechanical components complete to achieve latest NGT discharge
standards BOD < 10ppm, TSS <20ppm, COD < 50ppm for disposal to river
(for 240 MLD) as mentioned in the employers requirements in the bid
documents. The plant should be completely automated with SCADA etc
complete.
4 Supplying, Fixing, commissioning, trial run, operating, and Lot
maintaining solar sludge drying plant to dry the sludge generated
from the STP to a moisture content of 20%.
5 Grid Connected Solar Roof Top System with net metering –400 KWp Lot
6 Supply and install Odor Control Unit consisting of Bio Trickling Filter Lot
followed by Activated Carbon filter including all equipment,
instruments, enclosures, and connecting pipes,etc. complete as per
specification.
7 Approach Road for STP Lot
8 Preliminary Items such as setting up offices for contractorand 5%
client, Contractor’s yard, Contingencies, etc.
1.4 Objectives and Scope of the ESIA
The subproject must comply with the Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) of the World
Bank (WB) and its Environment and Social Standards (ESS). The sub-project also needs to
comply with various Central and State Government standards, guidelines, and statuary
requirements. As per the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)
prepared by AMC for the G-ACRP, all proposed subproject activities shall be screened, and
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risks categorized, to determine the extent of E&S due diligence required. Hence, for the
proposed Rehabilitation of the existing 240 MLD STP at Vasna, Initial Environmental and Social
Screening (IESS) was conducted using the screening format in the ESMF, and risk level was
determined. Since the rehabilitation of the existing Vasna 240 MLD STP was identified as a
moderate risk sub-project, it requires assessment of E&S risks and impacts along with the
preparation of Feasibility Report/ Detailed Project Report. The subproject will be bid out for
implementation on a Design-Build – Operate – Transfer (DBOT) mechanism, also integrating
the ESMP prepared through this ESIA in the procurement documents, so that the contractor
can plan and arrange the required capacities and resources for implementing and managing
the E&S aspects. At this Feasibility Report Stage, before the detailed design of the proposed
rehabilitation works, it is established that the location of the facility will not change. Suggested
technological options and plans for upgradation are outlined in the Feasibility Report. Based
on this and the regulatory requirements, the ESIA assesses the potential risks and impacts of
this subproject. While the location will not change, majority of existing Electro-mechanical
and instrumentation assets will become defunct after commissioning of upgraded STP and
TSPS. The handling and disposal of same is in Contractor’s scope. The exact details of defunct
Civil structures would be known only at the Design stage after the contract is awarded. and
the existing infrastructure will be put to maximum use while rehabilitating the STP, the DBOT
contractor once onboard will further update the ESIA and ESMP based on the final technology
which would be adopted, and the detailed design which will be prepared for the subproject.
Proposed rehabilitation activities i.e., Demolition of existing structures, construction,
remodelling, upgradation of existing structures to, preparing access roads, High-pressure
wash water screening, installation of equipment such as TSS analyser, replacement of screens,
belt conveyor, SCADA system, upgradation of laboratory, screenings and sludge management,
etc. must adhere to the best standards for sustainable environment, social acceptability, and
economic viability. As per the World Bank ESF, before investing in such development projects
the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment is to be carried out.
Tasks are undertaken by TCE while preparing the ESIA:
• Supporting the Client in updating the ESMF Stage 1 & 2 Screening
• Environmental & Social Audit of the existing STP
• Review of key environmental & social legislations applicable to this project and
necessary regulatory requirements, Word Bank ESF, ESMF for G-ACRP, and other
guidance.
• Assessing the baseline status of air, water, noise, soil, land, ecology, cultural heritage,
and socio-economic aspects. To assess these impacts baseline monitoring was
conducted for the sub-project site and its immediate surroundings and areas within a 5
km radius.
• Conducting stakeholder consultations for environmental & social issues.
• Assessing the Social and Environmental risks and impacts of the subproject due to the
upgradation/ construction and operational phases including cumulative impacts due to
other STPs and other activities nearby; and climate change vulnerability
• Socio-economic assessment to identify the vulnerable groups (e.g., elderly, female-
headed households, migrants/ squatters/ urban poor, extremely poor,) that may be
affected by the sub-project activities
• Analysis of proposed project site, technology, design, and operations from the
perspective of likely environmental and social risks and impacts and develop the ESMP
to mitigate/ offset/ reduce the impacts & risks.
• Preparing the E & S monitoring plan, cost estimate/budget for ESMP implementation
and monitoring, and institutional arrangements for managing and mitigation of the E&S
risks and impacts
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The surrounding areas of the STP are also affected (positively & negatively) by the various
developmental activities. It is also necessary to take into account the public views and their
involvement through public consultations for defining the approaches to initiate the site-
related work.
1.5 Environmental and Social Risks: An overview
The subproject is the rehabilitation of the existing 240 MLD capacity STP at Vasna, the capacity
of the STP will remain the same i.e., 240 MLD. This will ensure full treatment of sewage from
western zone 1 of the city additionally covering 0.76 million people (in addition to those
already connected) who are being discharged into individual septic tanks (most of which are
poorly designed/ unsanitary and without soak pits) or into open nallas4. AMC intends to follow
the best available discharge standards namely, the discharge standards suggested by the
Hon’ble National Green Tribunal (NGT) while rehabilitating the STP, to ensure the best effects
on the water body River Sabarmati, where treated sewage is discharged by the existing facility
as per the Consent Conditions of the regulator; GPCB. This will result in a better quality of 240
MLD sewage reaching Sabarmati, with benefits on the environment, overall health, and
economy of the inhabitants in western zone 1 of the city, people near around nallas, and
downstream villages to the south of Ahmedabad, on both sides of the Sabarmati flow path.
1.6 Structure of the Report
The ESIA has been structured as follows:
EXECUTIVE NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY of the ESIA Report
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION provides project (G-ACRP) description, project components and
the rationale for the proposed Subproject (This Chapter).
CHAPTER 2. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK discusses applicable National / State/
local regulations, WB ESF/ESSs, and applicable standards/guidance applicable for
the proposed subproject
CHAPTER 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE provides the present status of
environmental & social parameters which will be affected due to the proposed
development. This includes an Environmental Audit conducted for the existing
STP.
CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES looks at possible alternatives to the proposed
subproject including a ‘no’ project scenario
CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISKS AND IMPACTS: describes potential impacts
and risks due to the proposed subproject and related activities in line with
applicable regulations and WB ESSs
CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MONITORING PLAN
presents the need to avoid certain risks and impacts on valued environmental
components, mitigation/management measures for identified risks and impacts,
with institutional responsibility for implementing these
CHAPTER 7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS discuss the proposed intuitional arrangements
to implement, review and supervise subproject risk and impact mitigation
CHAPTER 8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE presents the
consultations undertaken and proposed to be undertaken, institutional
responsibility, mechanisms, and schedules to disclose the subproject E&S
documents
4 ‘nalla’ refers to Canals or open water channels
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ANNEXURES ANNEXURE I: INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION
ANNEXURE II: APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
ANNEXURE III: WORLD BANK ESSs APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT
ANNEXURE IV: BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT: FLORA & FAUNA
ANNEXURE V: OHS RISKS DURING VARIOUS SUBPROJECT PHASES
ANNEXURE VI: DISUSSION ON MAJOR PROPOSED/ ONGOING PROJECTS IN
AHMEDABAD
ANNEXURE VII: ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF EXISTING VASNA 240 MLD STP,
AHMEDABAD
ANNEXURE VIII: SAMPLE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS FOR STPS AT VASNA
AHMEDABAD
CHAPTER 2. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
There are various national, state-level policies and regulations applicable to proposed
subprojects. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and the
Central and State Pollution Control Boards (CPCB and SPCBs) together form the regulatory
bodies in India; while the National Green Tribunal (NGT) is tasked with providing an effective
and expeditious remedy in cases relating to environmental protection, conservation of forests
and other natural resources, and enforcement of any legal right relating to the environment.
Applicable regulations include international environmental treaties to which India is party,
National and State regulations, laws and procedures applicable for the sub project
encompassing environmental Conservation and management, regulations related waste
management, Acts/ Rules applicable to Land Acquisition, RoW use, Encroachments on
municipal drains, Acts and legislation with respect to various labor acts and labour welfare,
Other regulations/ Policies/ Guidelines applicable to various construction/ implementation
activities and other miscellaneous acts. The important legislations are included in the ESMF
for the ACRP project in Annexure II. Guidelines pertaining to the sub-project specifically are
discussed below:
Key Guidelines
• Guidelines for Management of Sanitary Waste, 2018; CPCB
• Guidelines on Environmental Management of Construction & Demolition (C & D) Wastes,
CPCB
• Guidelines for Utilisation of Treated Effluent in Irrigation, September 2019, CPCB
• National Building Codes (Part IV Fire and Life Safety), Bureau of Indian Standards
• AMC Building Byelaws
2.1 Technical Guidelines on Sewerage and Drainage at National Level
Central Government agencies have issued various guidelines for various aspects and
associated aspects of sewerage and drainage projects. Central Public Health and
Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD)
has the responsibility of
i) Preparation of Technical Guidelines in the form of Manuals in the field of Public Health
& Environmental Engineering which are used as basic documents by the State Public
Health Engineering Departments / State Water Boards/ UTs/ Urban Local Bodies in
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their functions of planning, designing, construction and operation & maintenance of
water supply and sanitation schemes in the above sectors.
ii) Technical scrutiny of water supply, sanitation including solid waste management, and
stormwater drainage schemes submitted by the States/ UTs/ Urban Local Bodies for
urban sector seeking assistance from external funding agencies such as World Bank/
JICA/ ADB and Bilateral agencies, etc.
iii) Technical assistance to other Central Ministries/ Departments like Ministries of
Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Economic Affairs, Jal Shakti, New &
Renewable Energy, Social Justice & Empowerment, Health & Family Welfare,
Commerce & Industry, Labour & Employment, Steel, Mines, etc. in respect of various
projects and problems referred to by them.
The most important guidance applicable to this subproject is listed here, with a
description of the guidelines presented in Annexure-II.
• Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Systems, 2013
• Manual on Storm Water Drainage Systems, 2019: Applicable as the manual states
that combined stormwater and sewage in the same pipeline has resulted in
several adverse effects in the process of treatment, operation, maintenance, and
also on the environment. Manual recommends that sewage should be separated
from the stormwater drainage system as it is currently in practice all over the
world
• Manual on Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply System, 2005
• Manual on Solid Waste Management (applicable to screenings, sludge, grit, other
wastes from premises)
• Manual on Municipal Solid Waste Management – 2016
• Manual on Water Supply and Treatment -1999
Guidelines and Advisories are issued by the CPHEEO and MoUD. Though water supply and
sanitation are a State subject, CPHEEO provides policies, strategies, and guidelines to the
States & UTs Governments including Municipal Corporations / Committees. It acts as an
Advisory body at the Central level to advise the concerned State agencies and Urban Local
Bodies (ULBs) in the implementation, operation & maintenance of urban water supply,
sanitation, and solid waste management projects and helps to adopt the latest technologies
in these sub-sectors. CPHEEO also provides technical assistance to central ministries including
MOEFCC in respect of various projects and problems referred by them. The advisories cover
various thematic areas including environment, health, safety, public. The below-mentioned
guidelines and advisories are issued by CPHEEO which are relevant to the designing, planning,
and implementation of the project.
• Guidelines for Decentralized Wastewater Management
• Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Cleaning of Sewers and Septic Tanks
• Advisory note on Septage Management in Urban India
• National Policy on Faecal Sludge and Septage Management
• Advisory on Public and Community Toilets
• Advisory on Tariff for Water supply and Sewerage
• Recent Trends in Technologies in Sewerage System.
Details of applicable regulations are presented in Annexure-II.
2.2 Standards for Discharge of Treated Sewage
Standards for Discharge of Treated Effluents was initially published in India by MoEFCC under
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. MoEFCC in 2015 and 2017 revised the standards to be
followed for disposal of treated sewage. Sewage discharge standards for disposal into water
bodies were also discussed by the National Green Tribunal, the environmental watch agency
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of the country in its many important judgments. The following Table 3 presents a comparison
of sewage discharge standards.
Table 3: Comparison of Sewage Discharge Norms/ Orders in India
S. Parameters General Normsg 1986 Draft MoEF&CC NGT
No. Norms notification, Oct. Order
Inland Public Land Marine Nov. 2017** 2019**
Surface Sewer Irrigation Coastal
2015**
Water Areas
1 BOD (mg/l) 30 350 100 100 10 30 10
20 (in metro
citiesh)
2 COD (mg/l) 250 - - 250 50 - 50
3 TSSi (mg/l) 100 600 200 100 20 100 20
(process
50 (metro cities)
water)
4 pH 5.5-9 5.5-9 5.5-9 5.5-9 6.5-9 6.5-9 5.5-9
5 TNj (mg/l) 100 - - 100 10 - 10
6 Ammoniacal Nitrogen 50 - 50 5k - -
as N
7 Free NH3 (mg/l) 5 5 - - -
8 Nitrate (mg/l) 10 20 - - -
9 Diss. PO4 as P (mg/l) 5 - - - - - 1l
10 Faecal Coliform - - - - <100 <1,000 <230
(MPN/100 ml)
g standards set in 1986 cover in total 40 parameters, which are not depicted in this illustration. NOTE: industrial wastewater
standards are regulated under CETP (Common Effluent Treatment Plant) set, which is not focus on this study.
hMetro Cities, all state capitals except in the state of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland,
Tripura, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir and Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands,
Dadar and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep Areas/regions.
** Standards applicable for discharge into water bodies and land disposal/applications, while reuse is encouraged.
i As SS in (mg/l) in General Norms, 1986.
j As Total Kjedahl Nitrogen in General Norms, 1986
k As NH4-N
l Valid for Phosphorus Total (for discharge into ponds and lakes)
Existing STPs were designed to comply with the sewage discharge standards prevailing during
the year 2017 and need process/ technology up-gradation to comply with the latest discharge
standards. Consent granted by GPCB to STPs in Ahmedabad stipulates upgrading the facilities
to meet the MoEFCC 2017 standards in five years whereas NGT suggested standards5 are more
stringent as presented in Table 3 above. NGT has in 2017 suggested stringent standards for
discharge of treated sewage. AMC aspires to follow these guidelines for all proposed activities
under G-ACRP, to bring in better environmental effects.
55
NGT Order: Original Application No. 105/2019 (With report dated 19.08.2020)
Available at: http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Kharicut-canal-pollution-NGT-order.pdf
Accessed on : July 10, 2021
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Table 4: NGT suggested Discharge parameters for Treated Sewage
Sl.No. Parameter NGT Suggested treated Prevailing MoEFCC 20176
effluent discharge standards
for STPs, 2017
1 pH 5.5-9.0 6.5 -9.0
2. BOD <10 mg/l 20
3. TSS <20 mg/l <50
5. Total Nitrogen < 10 mg/l -
4. Phosphorus – Total < 2 mg/l -
5. Faecal Coliform (MPN/100 ml) <230 <1000
Source: NGT, Original Application No. 1069/2018, (M.A. No. 1792/2018, M.A. No. 1793/2018, I.A. No.
150/2019 & I.A.No. 151/2019).
Environment (Protection) Amendment Rules, 2017. G.S.R. 1265 Dated 13th October 2017.
A comparison7of India’s Standards with those in other countries is presented in Table 4 below. It reads
that NGT suggested standards for disposal of treated sewage are more stringent than that of other
prevalent standards.
6 These Standards shall apply to all STPs to be commissioned on or after the 1st June, 2019 and the old/existing STPs shall
achieve these standards within a period of five years from date of publication of this notification in the Official Gazette.
7 Schellenberg Tatjana, Subramanian Vrishali, Ganeshan Ganapathy, Tompkins David, Pradeep Rohinim, 2020. Wastewater
Discharge Standards in the Evolving Context of Urban Sustainability–The Case of India, Journal: Frontiers in Environmental
Science, VOLUME-8
Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00030
Accessed on: September 7, 2021
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Table 5: Comparison of Treated Sewage Discharge Standards across Countries
Country PE Treated pH t (°C) SS (mg SS/l) DO (mg COD (mg BOD (mg TN (mg Total Total TP (mg Microbiological
O2/l) COD/l) BOD/l) N/l) Ammonium Ammonia P/l) Indicators
(mg NH4-N) (NH3-N)
EU Urban >2,000 35/90% 125/75 % 25/70-90 % - -
wastewater reduction reduction reduction
treatment
Directive 10,000- 15 2
(UWWTD)p 100,000
>100,000 10 1
Ireland ≤10 30 20 5 20 2
>2,000 UWWTD apply as a minimum, but may be more stringent to comply with Water Framework Directive (WFD)
France <20 30 35
20-2000 6-8.5 <25 50%reduction 60% 35, 60%
reduction reduction
>2000 UWWTD apply as a minimum, but may be more stringent to comply with Water Framework Directive (WFD)
Romania >2000 UWWTD apply as a minimum, but may be more stringent to comply with Water Framework Directive (WFD)
Ecuador 6-9 ±3q 130 200 100 50 TKN 30 10 <2000 FC
MPN/100 ml
Tanzania 6.5-8.5 20-35 100 TSS 60 30 15 TKN 6 <10,000 TC
counts/100 ml
Jordan 60 TSS >1 150 60 70 15 as T- <1000 E. coli
PO4 MPN/100 ml
Nematodes <1
India 2015 6.5-9 20 TSS 50 10 10 <5 <100 FC MPN/
100ml
India 2017-18 Metro 6.5-9 50 TSS 20 <1000 FC MPN/
100ml
Non-metro 100 TSS 30
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Country PE Treated pH t (°C) SS (mg SS/l) DO (mg COD (mg BOD (mg TN (mg Total Total TP (mg Microbiological
O2/l) COD/l) BOD/l) N/l) Ammonium Ammonia P/l) Indicators
(mg NH4-N) (NH3-N)
India NGT 5.5-9 20 TSS 50 10 10 1 <230 FC MPN/
2019 100ml
India 1986r Inland 5.5-9 <5 100 250 30 100 5 as free 5 diss.
Water TKN NH3 PO4 as
P
Land 200 100
Irrigation
Note to table: Coliforms represented includes E. Coli, Fecal Coli (FC) and Total Coliforms (TC)
o Detail for ranges of permitted consents omitted from this version for clarity
p TP and TN only considered in designated “sensitive�? area
q of the receiving water body
r Total set covers a range of 40 parameters and three further application areas for discharge into public sewer, marine coastal areas.
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In addition, as per CPCB, the designated best use class of any river in the country would be determined
based on the following. Most stretches of Sabarmati were confirmed to Class B during the COVID-19
lockdown period, as per GPCB’s recent report.
Table 6: CPCB Designated Best Use Classification of Rivers
Designated-Best-Use Class of Criteria
water
Drinking water source A • Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 50 or less
without conventional • pH between 6.5 and 8.5
treatment but after • Dissolved Oxygen 6mg/l or more
disinfection • Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20C 2mg/l or less
Outdoor bathing B • Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less pH between
(Organised) 6.5 and 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20C 3mg/l or less
Drinking water source C • Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 5000 or less pH
after conventional between 6 to 9 Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more
treatment and • Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20C 3mg/l or less
disinfection
Propagation of Wildlife D • pH between 6.5 to 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more
and Fisheries • Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less
Irrigation, Industrial E • pH between 6.0 to 8.5
Cooling, Controlled • Electrical Conductivity at 25C micromhos/cm Max.2250
Waste disposal • Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26
• Boron Max. 2mg/l
Below-E Not Meeting A, B, C, D & E Criteria
In addition, as it is suggested in the Feasibility Report, the treated effluents will be discharged
into Fatehwadi Canal, these shall meet General Discharge Standards for Irrigation, as per E(P)
Rules 1986. CPCB has issued Guidelines for use of Treated Effluents for Irrigation, 2019 which
suggests undertaking required studies on the suitability of treated water for irrigation,
stakeholder perception studies, etc.
2.3 The World Bank ESF and Environmental and Social Standards (ESS)
• ESS-1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts
• ESS-2 Labour and Working Conditions
• ESS-3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management
• ESS-4 Community Health and Safety
• ESS-5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement
• ESS-6 Biodiversity Conservation
• ESS-7 Indigenous Peoples
• ESS-8 Cultural Heritage
• ESS-9 Financial Intermediaries
• ESS-10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure
Annexure III discusses the relevance of the described ESS to the project
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World Bank Group General ESHS Guidelines, April 2007, and Industry-specific Guidelines (for
Water, Sanitation, and other Good International Industry Practices will be applicable for this
project. The General ESHS Guidelines contain information on cross-cutting environmental,
health, and safety issues potentially applicable to all industry sectors. It has requirements for
environmental and social health and safety issues during construction and operation. All
applicable guidelines on COVID 19 also will be followed.
2.3.1 G-ACRP ESMF
Considering the National/ State Regulations and requirements and WB ESF requirements,
AMC has prepared an ESMF to guide screening, scoping, identification of risk/ impacts and
their assessment, and preparation of mitigation measures, monitoring plan, institutional
mechanism, and budget for managing the risks and impacts associated with all subprojects
under G-ACRP. The ESMF is disclosed and is available at:
https://ahmedabadcity.gov.in/portal/web?requestType=ApplicationRH&actionVal=viewAtta
chment&queryType=Select&screenId=2900003&AttachmentFileName=ESMF.pdf
2.3.1.1 Sub-project Screening and Categorisation
All subprojects are subjected to a two-stage screening exercise, Stage 1: using the exclusion
list, and Stage2: using the E&S screening checklist. The subproject sites are initially screened
to determine if they are to be excluded from G-ACRP during Stage 1 screening.
Table 7: Activities Excluded from G-ACRP as per ESMF
Sl No: Non-permissible Activities
1 Sub-projects in sites/ locations which should be excluded as per prevailing Rules/ Laws on
Natural Habitats and Forests or Archeologically Protected Monuments (National, State,
Local): (i) any construction in demarcated Forest areas or protected natural areas or their
buffers, (ii) any subproject which would impact critical natural habitats, (iii) any subproject
which shall be excluded as per AMASR Act, (iv) any subproject components or activities in
the Historic Walled City of Ahmedabad – the UNESCO World Heritage Site
2 Sub-projects in sites/ locations which should be excluded as per applicable siting criteria
prescribed by GPCB, Master Plan, Excluded Disaster Zones, or other applicable criteria set
out by National, State, Local Body
3 Subprojects involving (i) Activities that impact the safety of Dams/Barrages, (ii) purchase,
storage, and use of Banned Pesticides/ Insecticides/ chemicals, Asbestos
4 Sub Projects displacing more than 200 tribal households or 100 Primitive Tribal households
Since the above exclusions do not apply to the proposed subproject, Stage 2 screening
was undertaken by the E&S specialists of the PIU using a combination of the literature
review, stakeholder consultations, and the site reconnaissance survey.
The key steps involved in the process are briefly outlined below.
Step 1: (a) Review available project details, location map, and regulatory aspects, (b)
conduct reconnaissance site visits for ground-truthing and screening
Step 2: Screen for the presence of any environmentally sensitive areas, project
components of high risk, and probable benefits. Study of detailed topographic maps
of the project sites with details of ecologically sensitive areas, culturally sensitive
areas, archeologically sensitive areas, habitat areas, Reserve Forest, Wildlife
Sanctuary, settlements, public amenities/ facilities, etc. to undertake screening
exercises.
Step 3: Revisit the screening checklist and ascertain the outcomes of the screening
checklist after collection of baseline data, monitoring, surveys, and consultation
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Step 4: Determine the project category based on screening and E&S instruments to
be prepared
As per indicative categorization of subprojects in ESMF, upgradation of existing STP
may be a Moderate Risk subproject, however, this categorization is indicative, also
depending on other ESS risks and sensitivities identified through the screening.
The proposed subproject is Rehabilitation of existing STP, which involves changing the
Treatment process, without augmenting the capacity. As per the Feasibility Report
prepared, rehabilitation activities will take place in the existing STP site. Activities
involve Installation of New Transformer, replacing filter press, new construction of
SBR units, new internal pipelines, sludge pipeline, etc.
Based on the proposed activities (Rehabilitation of existing Vasna 240 MLD STP, Minor
repairs to the civil structures & pipes at TSPS, approach road, outfall strengthening,
green house model solar drying facility for sludge and solar roof top) and as the
activities will be confined to the existing STP site and footprint, existing access road
RoW, this subproject is categorized as Moderate Risk. ESMF also presents the E&S
due diligence procedures to be followed for each type of risk categorization (Table 8).
Table 8: Phase wise Procedures for Moderate Risk category of Projects
Sub-Project Procedures Responsibility
Phase
Moderate Risk Projects
Sub-project IESE of the sub-project (Using Exclusion Criteria & PIU
Identification/ Screening Format (filled format in Annexure 1))
Pre-Feasibility Risk Categorisation
Consultations with key stakeholders (as per SEP) PIU
Preparation of ToR for ESIA to be prepared along Prepared by PIU, reviewed,
with DPR and cleared by the WB
Feasibility Conduct IEE/ESA or E&S Audit (in case of the PIU, Consultants
Study/ Design existing facility) and prepare ESMP also using
ECOPs by Feasibility/ Design Consultant. Update
ESMP based on a design by DBOT Consultant
Public consultations (as per SEP) PIU, independent
consultant
Use ECOPs or Biodiversity Management PIU, independent
Framework/ Cultural Heritage Management consultant
Framework if applicable; to prepare ESMP
Detailed Ensure Mitigation measures (from ESMP) included PIU – PIU technical
Design & in Design specialist to send
Tendering documents to E&S
Specialists to ensure
required procedures are
met, before finalizing the
designs
Ensure ESMP, Monitoring Plan, and LMP aspects PIU - PIU procurement
are included in Bidding Documents specialist to send pre-&
post review documents to
E&S Specialists to ensure
required procedures are
met, before initiating the
bidding process
Construction Implement and monitor ESMP PIU
Works Update IEE (and ESMP) as required PIU, Contractor/
Consultant
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During ESMP & ESHS Audit by external consultants PIU, External Auditors
Construction (Annual Audit)
Works Construction Supervision & OHS/ Safety Audit by
CSQAC (Continuous)
Just before ESMP Audit (self-audit by PIU) PIU, Consultant, Contractor
Closure/
Work exit –
Post
Construction
As per the ESMF, since this is a moderate risk sub-project, it is important to prepare
ESIA at the Feasibility stage before the subproject is bid out on DBOT format. This
report presents the ESIA for the subproject at the feasibility stage and will be updated
based on the detailed design after the design is prepared by the DBOT contractor. This
ESMP and its requirements will be made part of procurement documents, which
contractor has to follow during design, construction and operation & maintenance
stages. As the detailed designs will be prepared only during design sage, by the DBOT
contractor; the ESIA, ESMP will be updated (or freshly prepared in case of much
deviation from the proposal in Feasibility Report) and additional mitigation measures
for construction, O&M stages will be derived from this updated /new C-ESIA.
This report presents the ESIA for the subproject at the feasibility stage, and will be
updated based on the detailed design, after the design is prepared by the DBOT
contractor.
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CHAPTER 3. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE
3.1 Methodology for Environmental Baseline Data Collection
3.1.1 Area of Influence
The subproject deals with rehabilitation of existing 240 MLD STP at Vasna, and it is expected
that key risks and impacts will be on OHS and waste management during construction and
operation phases, which are largely manageable and reversible by adoption the best practices
and vigilance. The subproject aims at adopting the Best Available/ stringent standards for
discharge of treated sewage, and hence overall the impacts will be beneficial in the entire
region.
The term ‘area of influence’ is understood as “such area where significant environmental and
social impacts caused by project performance are evident on physical, biotic and
socioeconomic components, in each component of such environment�?. In this case, all works
will be confined within the existing STP site; and treated sewage discharge will be the only
aspect that might impact beyond the project site: (i) discharge of treated sewage and bypasses
will occur through Sabarmati and Fatehwadi Canal, and hence villages downstream till Vautha
(where tidal influence and joining of Vatrak River happens) in case of Sabarmati, and villages
in the command area of Fatehwadi Irrigation Project are taken as the larger region of influence
for impacts from the perspective of water quality and availability; (ii) air and odor impacts are
expected to occur near STP, and hence an impact area of 5km around the site is considered
as the area of influence also considering impacts due to nearby Gyaspur Metro Station, which
is a major influential land use in this case. Noise impacts also are expected to be confined to
the site, as it is located between two other STPs, and has a larger noise-generating activity
(metro depot) next door.
Accordingly, a Monitoring Plan for environmental and social parameters was prepared and
agreed with the Client to finalize the parameters, number of samples required for the sub-
project, and sampling locations best suited for sampling.
The environmental and social audits were conducted for the STP in August 2021, consultant’s
team visited the STP sites, for a physical audit of the STP and had interaction with the third
party STP, O&M personnel, and collected the available data on treatment units and STP water
quality monitoring, Primary monitoring of environmental parameters like Air, Water, Noise,
Soil & Biodiversity were conducted in the post-monsoon season. For assessing socio-economic
impacts, transect walks and consultations were conducted. Secondary data and wards maps
were collected to understand the population and demographic details of the ward in which
the STP is located. Information, data on issues and concerns due to the STP functioning,
Sabarmati River, Fatehwadi Canal, impact on downstream users and farmers issues was also
collected.
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User/generator
Catchment
Figure 3: Region of direct & indirect influence
The sampling methodology and procedure for undertaking environmental baseline
monitoring is as follows:
3.1.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring8
The ambient concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, and HC in the ambient air were
monitored for the area of influence, and baseline data was generated. Analysis of the baseline
data was carried out and based on the interpretation mitigation measures are provided.
3.1.3 Noise Levels
Ambient noise levels near habitations were monitored for the period at various locations from
the area of influence. Sensitive environmental receptors i.e., hospitals, schools, public open
spaces were identified for noise monitoring. Monitoring was carried out for 24 hours to
understand the noise levels throughout the day and night as per CPCB guidelines.
3.1.4 Water and Wastewater Quality Monitoring
To identify the critical aspects linked to the water pollution, baseline monitoring for water
quality was conducted upstream and downstream of the river taking discharge location as a
reference point. Also, the audit was conducted for STP which included monitoring the
characteristics of the sewage. Methods prescribed in “Standard Methods for Examination of
Water and Wastewater�? prepared and published jointly by the American Public Health
8 2003_CPCB_Guidelines_for_Air_Monitoring.pdf (indiaairquality.info)
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Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA), and Water Pollution Control
Federation (WPCF).
3.1.5 Monitoring of Groundwater
The groundwater samples (Nos. 06) were collected from locations upstream and downstream
and analyzed for understanding the baseline of groundwater characteristics.
3.1.6 Land Environment
Soil samples were collected from the riverbank upstream and downstream to understand the
Physical, Chemical, and Biological soil characteristics and sludge contamination.
3.1.7 Sludge
Sludge samples were collected from the STP site as well as from the river bottom upstream
and downstream to understand the Physical, Chemical, and Biological characteristics and
sludge contamination.
3.1.8 Biological Environment
Ecologically important and sensitive locations were identified and surveyed for biodiversity.
Total 17 locations were surveyed in and around the project area. Modified line Transect
method was used for data collection of flora and fauna. For flora, three quadrats of dimension
10m X 10m each were laid along the line, of the length of a kilometre. In each quadrat trees,
shrubs and herbs were counted. A line transect method was used for fauna with a line
dimension of 100m Avifauna, mammals, Butterflies, and herpetofauna were counted. Data
was recorded digitally on the tabs. GPS coordinates of each transect were recorded to prepare
the maps. In places where laying line transacts was not possible, an inventory of flora and
fauna was prepared. Data was compiled and analysed to obtain the frequency, density, and
richness of the flora and fauna. All the observations related to ecology were noted down.
Interviews of locals were conducted for information regarding the past and present status of
land use, resource utilization, and status of fauna/flora, wildlife.
3.1.9 Socio-Economic Environment
Secondary data such as the Census 2011, the socio-economic profile of the district, district
profile, data available on the AMC website related to city, population, city profile, and services
provided by AMC was collated. Data was also collected from the Health Officer of AMC, crime
statistics for the city, and other data required for the project, etc Transect walks and
consultations were conducted to understand the critical issues related to the project. Socially
sensitive stakeholders i.e., squatter settlement, STP staff, Contractors of AMC, officials of AMC
from the concerned department, etc. were consulted during the social impact assessment.
Since the upgradation is within the existing premises, no involuntary resettlement impacts are
envisaged.
3.1.10 Data Analysis
The monitored data is collated, analysed, and compared with the baseline levels as
established in the EIA study and the regulatory standards specified by different Government
agencies. The standards against which the different environment components are compared
are as per the following Table 9.
Table 9: Applicable Standards for Various Environmental Parameters
Sl. No. Aspects Applicable Standards
1 Ambient Air Quality National Ambient Air Quality standards, CPCB
2 Noise Quality Ambient Air Quality Standards with
With respect to Noise, CPCB
3 Surface water Quality IS:2296: Class ‘C’ Water, CPCB
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Sl. No. Aspects Applicable Standards
4 Ground water Quality IS: 10500 Standards, BIS
5 Soil Quality IS 1498 standards BIS
6 Sludge Quality Schedule II of Hazardous Waste Management &
Handling Rules 2016,
Use as a fertilizer & manure as per CPHEEO Manual on
Sewerage and Sewage Treatment System, 2013
7 Treated Sewage Water Quality NGT Standards – Order dated Date of hearing:
30.04.2019 – Discharge into surface water
NGT Standards – Order dated Date of hearing:
30.04.2019 – Discharge on land
IS 3307(1974)- Discharge for agricultural use
3.2 Project Location
The STP is located at Vasna in an area of around 35 acres in Ward No 52 Sarkhej, Ahmedabad
city of Gujarat, in between Vasna 35 MLD and Vasna 126 MLD STPs of AMC. The location map
of the STP is presented in Figure 4 below.
Figure 4: Subproject Location
Neighboring Landuses of the existing Vasna 240 MLD STP are presented in Table 10, while
Figure 5 presents the site layout.
Table 10: Neighboring Land uses of Vasna 240 MLD STP
Directions Particulars
North Canal, road, sewage pumping station, and GMRC Gyaspur metro train
depot
East AMC 35 MLD STP Vasna, Ahmedabad West
South Sabarmati River
West 126 MLD AMC STP
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Outfall into
Gyaspur Metro canal
Depot
Vasna 35 MLD STP
Road
Access
Entry Vasna 240 MLD
STP
Outfall
Sabarmati River
Bypass Outlet of
PTU
Figure 5: Site Layout and Neighboring Land use
As mentioned in Table 10 above, to the north of the existing 240 MLD STP the features include
access road to STPs, Fatehwadi canal road parallel to project boundary, Canal (within 5 to 15
meters). On the opposite side of the Fatehwadi canal road, there is Gyaspur metro depot and
Vasna 48 MLD STP. Vasna 35 MLD STP is located within 100 meters to the east of Vasna 240
MLS STP, while Sabarmati River is located to the south within 20 meters from the boundary
and Vasna 126 MLD STP is located to the west (100 m from the boundary).
3.3 Environmental Audit of the existing STP
The Vasna 240 MLD STP based on Activated Sludge Process (ASP) has Main Distribution
Chamber, Inlet Chamber, Primary Treatment Units, Primary Clarifiers, Aeration Tanks, Air
Blower for Aeration, Chlorine Contact Tanks, Primary Sludge Handling Units, Secondary
Clarifiers, Sludge Thickeners, Sludge Recirculation Pump, Excess Sludge Pump, Digested Sludge
Pump, Sludge Mixing Pump, Belt Wash Feed Pumps, Sludge Digesters, Gas Holder. The ASP
treatment scheme uses a fine bubble diffused aeration system to provide the required oxygen
and to keep the aerated contents in a completely mixed state.
The raw sewage is received in a common distribution chamber from a nearby pumping station,
2000 mm diameter by deep gravity and to provide uniform distribution of raw sewage to the
inlet chambers of each 60 MLD. For each 60 MLD stream initially the sewage is subjected to
pre-treatment which includes removal of floating material through screen and grits with the
help of grit removal mechanism. Each outlet chamber of the main distribution chamber is
provided with isolation gates and an adjustable weir plate for the uniform distribution of raw
sewage to each 60 MLD stream. Distribution pipe carrying raw sewage to inlet chamber to
each 60 MLD module has been provided with necessary appurtenances as required. It should
be possible to distribute the flow uniformly to each of the four modules or lesser modules as
required. Raw sewage through pipeline is received at the distribution chamber. The module
has been provided in the receiving chamber which reduces the incoming velocity and gives
quiescent condition to raw sewage before entry to Coarse Bar screen.
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Figure 6: Existing STP Layout and Design Components
Source: AMC. 2019. Upgradation of 240 MLD STP Located at Vasna, Ahmedabad with Biological
Nutrients Removal (BNR). Prepared by CC Patel and Associates.
AMC has constructed a new sewage pumping station and sewage treatment plant at Vasna
for the recently merged areas in the western zones of AMC. There are 68 Sewage Pumping
Stations of which 10 are Terminal Sewage Pumping Stations pumping sewage to STPs in
Ahmedabad. There are 52 SPS in Eastern Area and 16 are in the Western area.
Pumping Stations for the Southwest Zone are Vasna Sewage Terminal Pumping Station (285
MLD), AUDA Terminal Pumping station, Vasna I.U.D.P. DR. Pumping Station, and the Main
Sewage Pumping Station.
The technology adopted is Activated Sludge Process (ASP) with sludge digestor and Gas
generation facility. Daily sewage inlet quantity was around 220 MLD. The 240 MLD flow is
equally distributed in 4 streams having a capacity of 60 MLD each. At present, O&M is done
by M/s. Toshiba Water Solutions Private Ltd.
Since the STP is almost 10 years old, many units and equipment of the STP are not functioning
as per the design or dysfunction due to wear and tear. Following are some of the observations
of the STP of the Environmental Audit conducted by the consultants in August 2021.
• Main Rising main (through which raw sewage is entering the plant) of 2 m diameter is
corroded.
• There is a total of 8 drum screens and 8 manual coarse screens. Out of 8 drum screens, 2
are in maintenance and not working at the time of visit.
• Railings are corroded and require painting.
• There is a total of 8 grit chambers, 2 each for a stream.
• Rake classifiers in grit chamber, 4 are in working condition and 4 are defunct.
• The shaft of all rake classifiers is corroded.
• All 8 grit mechanism systems require overhauling.
• Deflectors not working in grit chambers at the time of visit.
• Parshall flume flows indicator not working.
• Poor treatment of sewage leading to an influx of polluted water in the river
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• Communities residing downstream are affected due to polluted water
The detailed observations along with the photographs of the STP and units are given in the
Audit report and the same is annexed with this report.
A detailed Audit of the existing facility is presented in Annexure VII.
3.4 Environmental & Social Baseline
3.4.1 Physiography and Climate
▪ Topography
The whole Ahmedabad city area is monotonously flat except few undulating topography
owing to the presence of stabilized dunal land forms. The land surface elevation is from 40 m
to 60 m AMSL with a master slope towards the southern direction. The average elevation of
the city is about 48m AMSL. Isolated high grounds, with elevations more than 60m AMSL, are
observed on both sides of river Sabarmati.
The major water body within Ahmedabad city is the Sabarmati River. The oldest irrigation
scheme i.e., Kharicut Canal Scheme passes through the eastern part of Ahmedabad city which
also serves as one of the Storm water carriers for the city during monsoon. There are many
lakes within the AMC boundary namely, Kankaria, Chandola, Vastrapur, etc. which are
recharged from the storm water. The slight slope from both east and west towards the south
of the city and to the Sabarmati River makes Vasna and Pirana at the south at the river edge,
the best suited to receive the sewage for centralized treatment. Hence, Vasa was the
preferred location for the first placement of STPs on the west side of the city, while those in
the east were located at Pirana.
Low elevation
areas of the
city
Figure 7: Topography of Ahmedabad 9
9https://en-in.topographic-map.com/
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Figure 8: Site Elevation
The above image shows that the highest elevation of the Vasna 240 MLD site is 44.15 m. while
the lowest is around 42 m, almost at par with the HFL at Vasna barrage, which is 41.77 m 10.
This indicates the need for measures to protect the infrastructure from possible flooding
during peak monsoon flows and the need to prepare a disaster management plan for the
facility once the design and operational details are finalized.
Figure 9: Cross Section of Vasna 240 MLD site and the river
▪ Climate
Ahmedabad city is hot & dry in summer and humid in other seasons. As per the Indian
Meteorological Department, summer days are very hot with a mean maximum temperature
10 http://iwai.nic.in/sites/default/files/1814791015NW-87%20Sabarmati%20Final%20FSR.pdf
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of 48°C in the hottest month (May 2016) while nights are pleasant with a mean minimum
temperature of 27°C. The mean maximum and minimum temperatures in the coldest month
(January) of winter are 28.1°C and 12.4°C respectively. The average annual maximum
temperature is 34.4°C and the average annual minimum temperature is 21.0°C. Ever recorded
maximum temperature was 47.8°C on 19th May 201611 and the ever-recorded minimum
temperature was 2.2°C on 06th February 1920. Dust storm occurs occasionally in summer and
the early part of the southwest monsoon season. Fog occurs occasionally during the winter
season.
The city has faced a major heat wave in 2010 which caused many casualties. A Heat Action
Plan (HAP) has been prepared by AMC and the key pillars of this action plan are as follows,
- Building public awareness and community outreach
- Initiating an early warning system and inter-agency coordination
- Capacity-building among health care professionals
- Reducing heat exposure and promoting adaptive measures such as Ahmedabad Cool
Roofs Program.
The HAP provides a clear demarcation of responsibilities of various departments and agencies
during heatwave days. It also includes activities and protocols to be followed for different heat
alert levels. This is also important in STP operations, considering the impacts of rising
temperature on digestion and dissolved oxygen.
The average annual rainfall of the area is 782 mm, although there is a considerable variation
from year to year. It occurs generally from June to September through the average annual
rainy days are 34. Rainfall during the southwest monsoon season is about 95% of annual
rainfall. Thunderstorm from April to October is sometimes accompanied by Squall. Ever
recorded the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours is 41.5 cm on 27th July 1927. The Table 11 below
presents the rainfall statistics for Ahmedabad district for the four monsoon months of the
southwest monsoon season of the year 2018 and annual rainfall data arrived at based on the
daily rainfall data from 1989 to 2018 (29 years).
Table 11: Rainfall Statistics for Ahmedabad District12
Period Mean Rainfall (mm) Coefficient of Variation (CV)
(2018)
June 94.7 120.2
July 278.5 46.6
August 208.6 68.4
September 110.1 87.3
Monsoon 691.8 35.0
Annual 710.1 34.8
3.4.2 Hydrology, Hydrogeology, and Soil
▪ Hydrology
The River Sabarmati is one of the major west-flowing rivers of India and Ahmedabad and
Gandhinagar are the major cities that are located on its banks. Sabarmati basin extends over
the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat having an area of 21,674 Sq. km with a maximum length
and width of 300 km and 150 km respectively. While 48 km of the river length is in Rajasthan,
323 km is in Gujarat. The Sabarmati basin extends over parts of Udaipur, Sirohi, Pali, and
11 NRDC: Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan 2017 (PDF) (niua.org)
12Observed Rainfall Variability and Changes Over Gujarat State, India Meteorological Department
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Dungarpur districts of Rajasthan, Sabarkantha, Kheda, Ahmadabad, Mahesana, Gandhinagar,
and Banaskantha districts of Gujarat. The terrain of the Sabarmati basin is hilly in the early
reaches up to Dharoi dam after which the river flows mostly in alluvial plains with a gentle
slope. There are a total of 50 dams in the Sabarmati basin among which 17 dams fall in the
Sabarmati lower sub-basin and 33 dams,10 weirs, 2 barrages fall in the Sabarmati upper sub-
basin. At Ahmedabad city of upper Sabarmati basin, the river encompasses a total catchment
area of 10,370sq.km., out of the total basin area of 27,820sq.km. Sabarmati enters
Ahmedabad city near Karai village and exits the city near Gyaspur after passing through
Ahmedabad city. A barrage has been constructed in 1976,5km downstream of Nehru Bridge
Ahmedabad (at Vasna) for irrigation purposes, and water is supplied to the barrage through
the Narmada canal since 2002. The length of the barrage and anicut is 610.67m. After the
construction of the Sardar Sarovar Project, the water quantity in Sabarmati has reduced.
Though the river is perennial, it gets dried up in the summer, leaving only a small stream of
water flowing. The Narmada Canal, which crosses Sabarmati a few kilometres upstream from
the city, is part of a larger canal network of Sardar Sarovar Dam. The canal feeds/siphons water
to the Sabarmati River in the city area and maintains the level of water, required by the
Sabarmati Riverfront Project with the help of the Vasna barrage. Effluents are released by the
industries which is a source of pollution. Details of the Vasna barrage are presented in section
3.7.
Another river passing beyond the east and
south boundaries of the city is River Khari.
The Khari River originates near village
Kesharpura of Himatnagar taluka of
Sabarkantha district. In the Ahmedabad
district, it enters Dahegam taluka and
flows near the villages of Chekhala, Babra,
Halisa, Vadvasa, and Nandol. Thereafter it
enters the Dascroi taluka and passes by
Pardhol, Vahelal, Huka, Navrangpura
villages. The total length of this river is 160
km, of which 53 km is through the
Ahmedabad district. The Khari River runs
almost parallel to the Sabarmati towards
the east, beyond the city limits. It joins
Vehari near Kheda, downstream of the
city.
The water table near the river is high, as in
the case of the present site, which needs
to be considered while planning STP tanks
and other infrastructure and flood effects
will be pronounced, as the site is along the
edge of the river. The river is practically
dry during most of the year (for 9 months)
as it holds water received from Narmada
Canal at the riverfront.
Figure 10: Hydrological Features
Water Impounding Structures: Vasna Barrage
There are many barrages on Sabarmati upstream of Ahmedabad and Vasna Barrage is at the
south of the city, constructed to divert the water from Sabarmati to the Fatehwadi canal. It
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holds water from Vasna Barrage (Ch 135.7 km) to Sardar Patel Ring Road Bridge (Ch 156 km).
Depths of 0.5 – 1.0 m (above C.D.) are available for all round the year-360 days. Depths of 1.0
– 1.5 m are available for around 75-90 days during monsoon (75 days)
The C.D. at Subhash Bridge is nearly 2.5 m above Riverbed level at the Subhash Bridge gauging
site. A part of this stretch near Sadar bazaar up to Wasna Barrage had already developed as
Sabarmati waterfront by Govt of Gujarat. At upstream of Indira Bridge, released water from
Narmada canal ensures all-round the year availability of water in this stretch and downstream.
This stretch is feasible for navigation class II waterway.
Afterward, depths of about 5 m are available for 10 km upstream of Vasna barrage near the
Sabarmati waterfront developed by Govt of Gujarat.
In the case of dams, weirs, and barrages, the maximum observed water level of the last twenty
years or Maximum Water level as mentioned in CWC data has been adopted as (Highest Flood
Level) H.F.L.
Chainage Structure H.F.L (m)
135.7 km Vasna Barrage 41.770
Water availability
The gauge station is at Subhash Bridge is located 135.7 km upstream of the river mouth. Daily
gauge- data for the period 1979 to 2010 were collected from WRIS and analysed. Only water
level gauge data for the period June to October is available. The Ahmadabad city experienced
a heavy flood in August 2006 when a high flood level of 47.45 m MSL was reported at this
gauge for the highest observed flood discharge.
In the Monsoon period depths in the range of 0.5 m to 2m above CD will be available for
periods as below.
0.50 m to 1 m and above: 114 days
1.0 m to 1.5 m and above: 75 days
1.5 m to 2.0 m and above: 36 days
Figure 11: Water levels at Vasna Barrage
The Vasna barrage is connected to other dams and canal networks for water release during
the monsoon. The release from Dharoi and Vasna is decided based on the flood conditions at
each location and responsibility is designated in various documents including Irrigation Dept,
various central and state depts concerned with the Irrigation department, Canal Command
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and CWC. DSO, GERI has conducted studies related to dam safety of projects in Gujarat and
made critical observations and recommendations for the same which are mentioned in the
report. Water releases have also been addressed for dams/barrages etc by the Government
of Gujarat in its Disaster Management Plan 2021: Flood Warning Arrangements (available in
the public domain).
3.4.3 Land Use & Land Cover
Land use patterns under the AMC area from 1976 to 2017, indicates that the built-up area has
increased by 156.93 km2 whereas, agricultural land, open spaces, urban vegetation, and water
bodies have decreased during the last 4-decades from 1976 to 2017.
The city is currently being developed as a smart city under ‘Government of India’s flagship
Smart Cities Mission’ Development of industries and industrial estates have led to the growth
of residential areas around the industrial units in Ahmedabad. Its industrial history dates back
to two decades of textile, chemical industries; and at present many well-established business
groups like Adani Group, Reliance Industries, Arvind Mills, Bosch Rexroth (Germany) have
operations in Ahmedabad city and its nearby areas. High-density residential and mixed-use
developments have taken place in the Vasna area, due to the sprawl and growth of this very
important city. The neighbourhood also has a very important transport infrastructure – the
Gyaspur Metro depot, the terminal point, and the depot for Ahmedabad metro.
The Vasna 240 MLD STP is located on the western side of the Sabarmati River. As per the
Revised Development Plan 2021 prepared by AUDA, the project area is demarcated for
Sewage Treatment Plant. This area is in a low-lying part of the city earlier allotted for sewage
farm. So as per Master Plan for the city, the proposed works will be in the existing STP, situated
in the area allotted for sewage treatment.
Figure 12: Landuse demarcation of Vasna Area in Development Plan 2021 for Ahmedabad
3.4.4 Cultural Heritage
The walled city of Ahmadabad, founded by Sultan Ahmad Shah in the 15th century, on the
eastern bank of the Sabarmati River, presents a rich architectural heritage from the sultanate
period, notably the Bhadra citadel, the walls and gates of the Fort city, and numerous mosques
and tombs as well as important Hindu and Jain temples of later periods. The urban fabric is
made up of densely packed traditional houses (pols) in gated traditional streets (puras) with
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characteristic features such as bird feeders, public wells, and religious institutions. The
city continued to flourish as the capital of the State of Gujarat for six centuries, up to the
present. 13 The historic walled city of Ahmedabad has it all to be the first city in India to be
inscribed in UNESCO's World Heritage City list of 2017. However, the Vasna 240 MLD STP is to
the west of Ahmedabad, outside the walled city. Baseline reconnaissance and monitoring
established that there are no cultural heritage areas within the 500 m buffer area of this STP.
The nearest notified monument is the Fateh Baug Fort at a distance of 1.5 km from the site.
The subproject to rehabilitate existing STP within the demarcated project boundary, will not
entail any construction and demolition outside its premises, except for road repairs and
upgradation of the existing the access road of 150m from the culvert over Fatehwadi canal
upto the entrance gate of the 240 MLD STP. FR mentions road construction on the current
kuccha approach road to the STP. During road repairs and upgradation , it will be ensured
that none of the Squatter units will be affected or dismantled. Road construction will be
undertaken in manner to allow accessibility to the STP and river from the Fatehwadi canal
road. To avoid access issues to river, 240 MLD STP and 126 MLD STP, trenchless method is
proposed to be used laying of rising main to 126 MLD STP. Road construction will improve the
general access and mobility issues on the kuccha access roads for the squatter settlement
also. The image for the proposed access road repairs and upgradation is presented below in
Figure 13
Figure 13 Present Status of Approach Road for 240 MLD STP and proposed road Repairs
and upgradation
There are some locally important religious/cultural areas like mosques (600 m) and
cemeteries within the 500 m buffer area of the STP. Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri
Kabrastan – a cemetery of Muslim community) is located 350 m east of the STP boundary,
beyond Vasna 35 STP and is accessible by Fatehwadi canal road and also through kuccha road
connecting it to Highway 64 to is north.
13 https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1551
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Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is located 500 m away from the boundary and the
gate, it is about 1.2 km. Impacts are not expected considering the nature of activities
associated with the subproject, multiple accesses are available to the cemeteries which are
different from that of STP. However, once the proposed design details are available during the
implementation stage, it will be important to review the vibration impacts, work out the work
schedule and pattern of movement of construction vehicles inform the communities on the
work schedule, and coordinate during any emergencies.
Considering the proximity to the Heritage city, the chance finds procedure shall be framed
and implemented for any such discovery for all excavation and construction activities.
Figure 14: Vasna 240 MLD STP and its 500m Buffer
3.4.5 Ecology and Biodiversity
Ecology and Biodiversity assessment was conducted during August 2021, for the 240 MLD
Vasna STP and surrounding 10 km area as it is an urbanized environment. The most important
natural feature here is the river Sabarmati, to which two outfalls are located – one for bypass
near Primary Input Unit and the other outfall Chlorine Tank. Sabarmati is non-perennial -
mostly monsoon-fed for a natural flow. However due to scanty rainfall, since 2002, this stretch
from the North of the city is receiving inflow from Narmada Main Canal. However, water is
held at Vasna barrage for retaining for the ambiance of the riverfront and water flow from the
barrage to Fatehwadi Canal and the river is minimal. Thus, the river has become a modified
habitat, also reeling under pollution from nearby industries, wastes, and other discharges, not
just from the city but also from the region around. There is another bypass to Fatehwadi Canal,
which serves agricultural areas downstream of the city, mostly after joining with other
irrigation canal branches beyond the city limit.
The nearest key biodiversity area for this site is Thol Wildlife Sanctuary (man-made) in
Mahesana district, which is around 20 km from the project site, with 10km of intervening
urban high density mixed land use. As per the Notification of MoEF&CC published dated
09.02.2015, Central Government notifies Thol Wildlife Sanctuary in the State of Gujarat, as
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Eco-sensitive Zone, up to 2.244 kilometres from the boundary of the Thol Wildlife Sanctuary14.
The lake received water from rains and Narmada Canal, westward of the city. Hence this is not
affected by outflows or air, noise, dust, or vibration during construction and operations,
Following are the survey locations considered for undertaking the Ecology & Biodiversity
Assessment.
Table 12: Ecology and Biodiversity Survey Locations
Sl. No. EB Site Coordinates Land use
1. Thol WLS 23° 8'46.04"N Wildlife Sanctuary
72°23'51.11"E
2. EB STP 22°58'53.05"N Project Site
72°31'31.85"E
3. EB outfall 22°58'37.53"N Existing project outfall in Sabarmati River. Riverbank
72°31'29.10"E
4. EB Near STP 22°59'1.41"N Between Fatehwadi canal & STP
72°31'49.79"E
5. EB Agri 22°57'31.07"N Agriculture on banks of Sabarmati (Downstream)
72°29'49.23"E
6. EB 2 22°59'0.09"N Sabarmati River Upstream
72°32'36.48"E
7. EB River 22°59'23.14"N Sabarmati River Upstream
72°33'4.30"E
8. EB 3 22°57'9.21"N Sabarmati River Down stream
72°30'57.91"E
9. EB Downstream 22°57'6.77"N Sabarmati River Downstream
72°30'42.88"E
10. EB Canal 22°57'16.37"N Fatehwadi Canal Downstream
72°30'3.52"E
11. EB Agri 22°58'39.62"N Agriculture near the outfall of STP
72°32'20.31"E
12. EB Sarkhej 22°59'39.32"N Sarkhej pond
72°30'14.15"E
13. EB LJ 22°59'35.55"N Educational institution
72°29'31.93"E
14. EB lake 23° 0'24.50"N Malav Lake
72°32'22.01"E
15. EB Nehru Nagar 23° 1'20.50"N Urban
72°32'31.66"E
16. EB 1 22°58'20.05"N Pirana STP
72°32'58.42"E
17. EB 14 22°55'58.90"N Sabarmati River Downstream
Downstream 72°32'14.05"E
14 http://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Online/EDS/07_Dec_2016_143943053GC62JOF7MoMreply.pdf
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Figure 15: Sampling Locations for Ecology and Biodiversity
Figure 16: Location of Thol WLS with respect to Project Site
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Figure 17: Location of Chandola Lake with respect to Project Site
The nearest nationally recognized wetland is Chandola Lake at 5-6 km radially from the site,
across Sabarmati, on its eastern side (opposite side), also with intervening high density mixed
land-use comprising other STPs to the east of Sabarmati.
It is a large lake in Ahmedabad city and has great potential to serve as a habitat for migratory
birds, but the lake edges are encroached and recreational uses and settlements are developed
which has polluted the lake. Lake shows the presence of invasive Eucornia sp. which indicates
higher sewage inflow into the lake. Chandola Lake is not connected to the Sabarmati River but
to the Kharicut canal, no direct discharge to any lake from STP is envisaged.
Figure 18: Location of Santej and Vasai Lake with respect to Project Site
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The other two wetlands i.e., Santej talav (to the northwest) and Vasai talav (to the southeast)
are outside the AMC boundary and 9.2 km and 14.5 km from the proposed project. Both the
lakes are man-made, and not directly connected to Sabarmati. Santej is surrounded by
residential areas and Vasai is surrounded by agricultural fields.
Flora
A floral enlistment of trees, shrubs & climbers, herbs, common crop plants in the area studied,
with their scientific names, common names, and the family to which they belong are
presented in Annexure III. Neem and acacia trees are common in this area. In urban areas
Copper pod and neem are dominant. Commonly cultivated crop plants in the study area
include Wheat, Chillies, Sugarcane, Cotton, grass (Fodder) other food & non-food crops that
are also grown at some places. No sightings of exotic or endangered flora have been observed
in the site or its 500m buffer. No RET (Rare, Endangered & Threatened) as per IUCN Red list
species are observed in the study area.
Fauna
Fauna was assessed for the study area. Having a river crossing the city Ahmedabad generally
have a high number of aquatic birds which also include migratory species. Indian Peafowl and
Monitor lizard are the Schedules I species as per WPA. The list of Fauna is attached as
Annexure III. No sightings of exotic or endangered flora have been observed in the site or its
500m buffer. . No RET species were recorded in the study area. The important bird areas
(IBAs), bird migratory route through India were reviewed for the proposed project area, also
considering the proposed solar grid-connected rooftop and drying facility. Figure 19 depicts
important bird areas and the migratory route through Asia and the migratory routes for
migratory birds through India. The analysis of these routes to the proposed project site
reflects this does not fall in any important bird area or the bird migratory route within a 50
Km radius of the project site. Nal Sarovar and Khijadia (in Jam Nagar) are important areas in
the central Asian flyway but are away from the city. 15
Figure 19: International Flyways and Bird Migratory Routes through India
Proposed augmentation will be implemented within the existing boundary of 240 MLD STP
hence there will be no land clearing required which may harm existing flora and fauna.
Activities of construction, operations, and maintenance will generate air pollutants, and noise
is expected to cause temporary reversible impacts and risks on the fauna residing in the dense
urban setting near the project.
As the project area is a degraded and modified habitat the impacts on flora and fauna will be
very minimum. Activities like plantation and greenbelt development will enhance the
15 http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/sowb/flyways/7_Central_Asia_Factsheet.pdf
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biodiversity of the area. Also, the aquatic biodiversity of Sabarmati will improve as the water
quality of disposed water from STP is improved.
Aquatic Biodiversity
The aquatic biodiversity study was conducted in the Sabarmati River in the stretch of Valad
village (upstream of Sabarmati River – beyond inlet from Narmada Canal) to Vanzar village
(downstream after Vasna Barrage – Sabarmati River) of approximately 20Km. The stretch of
the study area is given in Figure 20 below.
Figure 20: Study Region: Sabarmati River stretch
The biodiversity study was based on secondary data and field observations. Following are the
findings of this study:
1) It was observed that the entire stretch of Sabarmati is infested with the Pistia sp. and
Eichhornia crassipes Which has altered the natural habitat.
2) Sabarmati River stretch is a modified habitat as the water is being sourced from the
Narmada canal and stored at the riverfront stretch using the shutters of the Vasna
Barrage. The riparian zone of the Sabarmati is converted into the riverfront in
Ahmedabad city.
3) Downstream of the river has a riparian zone with tree growth majorly Prosopis sp. The
entire stretch including downstream of the river after Vasna Barrage has the presence
of plants like Pistia sp., Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), Ipomea sp., Typha sp.,
Wolffia sp. (watermeal or duckweed), etc. These are clear bioindicators of water
pollution or eutrophication. These varieties are also used effectively in
phytoremediation, particularly for the rhizofiltration of effluents contaminated by
heavy metals.
4) Pisces fauna of the river includes majorly Tilapia sp., Gambusia sp., Clarius batrachus,
Garra gotyala, Catla catla, Channa sp., etc. Tilapia is an invasive species that was
found in the Sabarmati River, Vasna Barrage area, Fatehwadi canal, and downstream
area of Sabarmati River. These are mainly contributed by Narmada Canal.
5) Aquatic birds including migratory birds were observed along the Sabarmati and Khari
rivers in areas apart from the riverfront area due to no riparian zone.
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6) Aquatic flora in the river and downstream provides habitat for aquatic birds like
Purple moorhen, Bronze-winged jacana, white-breasted waterhen, Red Wattled
lapwing egrets, herons, etc.
Pistia sp. Euchornia crassipes
Pistia & Euchornia at Vasna Barrage Purple Moorhen
Purple Heron Intermediate Egret
Red Wattled Lapwing Gambusia sp.
Tilapia sp. Channa sp.
Figure 21: Flora and Fauna of the Project Site and its neighborhood
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It can be concluded that overall aquatic ecology is influenced by invasive species. The poor
water quality supports species like Pistia, Euchornia, Tilapia, etc, dominant in nature, which
does not allow native species to grow and survive.
Downstream areas along the Fatehwadi canal area have agricultural land for which canal
water is being used for irrigation. Fatehwadi canal after receiving inflow from 240 MLD STP
shows a very low presence of fishes and no flora like Euchornia and Pistia were observed.
The proposed project will help in improving the water quality and in turn the diversity in the
aquatic ecosystem.
3.4.6 Air Quality
Air quality monitoring is also being conducted by GPCB at various locations. This indicates that
PM 10 & PM 2.5 exceeds the set standards considerably. GPCB monitoring indicates that
vehicular emission is a major emitting factor in the study area.
Table 13: Air Quality in Ahmedabad City16
Sl.No City Location Parameter(µg/m3)
PM10 Pm2.5 SO2 NOx
National Ambient Air Quality- Standards 60 40 50 40
1 Ahmedabad East Naroda GIDC 156 50 14.6 27.3
2 Ahmedabad City Cadila, Narol 166 53 14.7 30.1
3 L.D.Engg. College 142 46 13.4 27.1
4 Shardaben Hospital 154 50 13.9 28.3
5 R.C. Tech. High School 143 46 13.2 28.5
6 Behrampura Referal Hospital 160 51 14.1 29.6
7 Dynowash, Pirana 188 56 15.8 32
8 Sola L.T. Chankyapuri 159 51 14 29.2
9 Rakhiyal Pumping Station 159 51 13.9 29.3
10 Ahmedabad Rural Zydus Infratech-Changodar 134 43 14.9 27.2
It is seen from Table 13 that, the readings of PM10 and PM2.5 are exceeding in all the places of
monitoring, attributed to the vehicular traffic-related emissions and dust generation. Since
the existing air quality especially PM10 and PM2.5 is already higher in the neighbourhood, it
is important to minimize such impacts from the proposed project activities.
Air quality monitoring and assessment were carried out for the subproject site. The ambient
concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, and HC in the ambient air were monitored at
the locations finalized based on the environmental sensitivity in the area of influence. The
samples were collected from 15th September to 15th October 2021. Following are the
locations of the baseline monitoring,
16 GPCB data 2020
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Figure 22: Air Quality Baseline Monitoring Locations
Table 14: Air Quality Baseline Monitoring Locations
Sl. Location Location Name Coordinates
No. Code Location Remark Lat. (N) Log.(E)
1 A 15 Vasna STP location – Project Site 200m. Away from 22o58'51.4158" 72o31'31.5978"
STP Aerobic system
2 A 16 Pirana STP 150m. Away from 22o58'23.8974" 72o32'56.202"
STP Aerobic system
3 A1 Residential area near 180 MLD Village Location 22o58'1.041" 72o32'14.3412"
Pirana STP site - Against the Wind
direction - Gyaspur Village
4 A2 within 05 km of 180 MLD Pirana STP 100m. Away from 22o59'24.504" 72o33'8.5572"
site – Windward Side – Near L J Road
Institute of Engineering
5 A4 within 05 km of STP site – Against 700m. Away from 22o59'27.3618" 72o34'32.916"
the Wind direction - Chhipakuva Pirana Dumping Site
6 A6 within 05 km of Vasna STP site – 250m. away from the 23o0'30.5562" 72o33'8.5572"
Against the Wind direction – V R main road
Shah School
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Table 15: Results of Baseline Air Quality Monitoring
Location Parameter Analysis Result
Code
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO TVOC HC Methane NH3 H2S Location Identify Odour
µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 mg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
A 15 60 24 6.57 14.5 0.56 21.5 15.4 4.7 BDL 8.7 200m. Away from Pungent
73 31 9.15 18.7 1.15 17.8 13.1 STP Aerobic system Odour
Downwind
A 16 93 44 21.5 25.5 1.55 35.6 14.5 5.2 5.5 9.2 150m. Away from Pungent
60 35 11.69 20.4 2.53 29.8 12.6 STP Aerobic system Odour
Downwind
A1 40 14 < 4.0 7.4 0.25 2.4 1.2 -- -- -- Village Location No Odour
62 18 8.04 9.5 BDL 1.5 BDL -- -- -- Upwind
A2 49 25 9.5 13.8 1.18 5.2 1.9 -- -- -- 100m. Away from No Odour
54 31 5.5 16.5 2 7.6 2.5 -- -- -- Road
Upwind
A4 90 36 20.5 17.6 2.33 11.2 4.8 -- -- -- 700m. Away from Light
74 25 15.2 2.8 1.15 16.3 5.7 -- -- -- Pirana Dumping Site Pungent
Upwind Odour
A6 55 19 5.84 13.5 1.12 1.2 BDL -- -- -- 250m away from the No Odour
42 13 10.7 14.8 0.65 2.8 1 -- -- -- main road
Upwind
CPCB 60 40 50 40 - - - - - - - -
prescribed
limits
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The baseline monitoring conducted shows that the air quality at the STP site and other
locations is within the limits prescribed by CPCB. Though PM 10 is higher i.e., 90 µg/m3 & 93
µg/m3 near the Pirana dumping ground and Pirana STP respectively mostly attributed to the
movement of heavy vehicles. Pungent odour is recorded at the STP locations indicating the
presence of NH3, Methane, and H2S emissions from the treatment process and related
aspects, calling for process upgradation ensuring more oxygen supply, thermal protection,
better circulation of wastewater, covers, and maintenance requirements, sludge
management, etc. Impacts of odour on plant workers and neighbours are important
considering the communities around. The Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) levels at the project site
are well below the prescribed standards by GPCB. Proposed activities may result in an
increment in Particulate matter during construction activities and maintenance works.
3.4.7 Water Availability and Quality
▪ Surface Water & Sewage
Surface water quality was assessed for the upstream, downstream, and outfall from the STP
into the river. Sampling was conducted during September 2021. Sewage quality was assessed
at the inlet point. Sapling locations are presented in the following Figure 23.
Figure 23: Sampling Locations for Surface Water Quality
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Table 16: Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results
Sl. No. Parameter Unit of Measurement Sampling Point Location
W13 W14 W4 W3 W2
Inlet of 240 Outlet of 240 Chandola Lake Sabarmati River, Sabarmati River, Surface
MLD MLD upstream of outfall downstream of water
from Vasna 240 MLD outfall from standards
Vasna 240 MLD
1 pH @ 25 ° C -- 7.57 7.8 7.6 7.33 7.63 6 to 9
2 Colour Pt. Co. Scale 105 65 75 155 200 -
3 Odour -- Objectionable Objectionable Unobjectionable Objectionable Objectionable -
4 Turbidity NTU 5 0.1 1 10 5 -
5 Temperature °C 30 32 30 32 32 -
6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 1144 1152 394 584 1296 1500
7 Total Suspended mg/L 40 6 18 316 100 100
Solids
8 Total Hardness as mg/L 312 312 197.6 160 254
CaCO3
9 Chloride as Cl- mg/L 246.1 276.1 56.2 88.9 294.8 600
10 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 2
11 Calcium as Ca mg/L 62.5 75 41.7 49 79.1 -
12 Magnesium as Mg mg/L 37.9 30.3 22.8 9.2 13.8 -
13 Sulphate as SO4-2 mg/L 88.5 82.9 33.1 41.7 125.5 -
14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 0.2 2.2 0.8 1.6 0.8 10
15 Total Alkalinity mg/L 440.4 412.6 183.9 262 434.9 -
16 Oil & Grease mg/L BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) -
17 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L BDL(MDL:0.2) BDL(MDL:0.2) 1.6 3.5 BDL(MDL:0.2) Min 4
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Sl. No. Parameter Unit of Measurement Sampling Point Location
W13 W14 W4 W3 W2
Inlet of 240 Outlet of 240 Chandola Lake Sabarmati River, Sabarmati River, Surface
MLD MLD upstream of outfall downstream of water
from Vasna 240 MLD outfall from standards
Vasna 240 MLD
18 Ammoniacal mg/L 18 14.1 BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) 15 50
Nitrogen
19 Chemical Oxygen mg/L 472.8 40.8 36.7 265.6 136.8 250
Demand (COD)
20 Biochemical Oxygen mg/L 160 12 10 80 40 30
Demand (BOD)
21 Phenolic Compound mg/L BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) -
22 Total Residual mg/L BDL(MDL:0.1) 3.1 25.2 BDL(MDL:0.1) BDL(MDL:0.1) 1
Chlorine
23 Total Nitrogen mg/L 42.7 34.7 5.7 8.7 37.2 -
24 Total Kjeldahal mg/L 24.7 20.6 4.4 7.5 22.2 100
Nitrogen (TKN)
25 Free Ammonia mg/L 1.24 1.91 BDL(MDL:0.2) BDL(MDL:0.2) 1.4 5
26 Sodium as Na mg/L 247.1 250.5 47.3 115.2 317.4 -
27 Potassium as K mg/L 13.9 13.7 2.3 10.2 18.5 -
28 Nickel as Ni mg/L 0.047 0.051 BDL(MDL:0.02) BDL(MDL:0.02) BDL(MDL:0.02) 3
29 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) 0.064 3
30 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) 0.021 0.079 0.056 0.1
31 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 2.288 0.104 0.262 0.934 0.608 3
32 Zinc as Zn mg/L 0.133 BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) 5
33 Cadmium as Cd mg/L 0.015 0.007 0.028 0.006 0.017 2
34 Arsenic as mg/L BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) -
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Sl. No. Parameter Unit of Measurement Sampling Point Location
W13 W14 W4 W3 W2
Inlet of 240 Outlet of 240 Chandola Lake Sabarmati River, Sabarmati River, Surface
MLD MLD upstream of outfall downstream of water
from Vasna 240 MLD outfall from standards
Vasna 240 MLD
35 Manganese as Mn mg/L 0.143 BDL(MDL:0.1) BDL(MDL:0.1) BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.146 2
36 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0.001) -
37 Total Chromium as Cr mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) 2
38 Cyanide as CN mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) -
39 Hexavalent mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) -
Chromium as Cr+6
40 Cobalt as Co mg/L BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0.5) -
41 Total Phosphorous mg/L 1.89 1.83 0.085 1.27 1.8 -
42 Salinity ppt 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.16 0.53 -
Biological Analysis
41 Total Coliform CFU/100ml 79 22 32 78 80 -
42 Faecal Coliform CFU/100ml 61 16 24 70 71 -
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From the results obtained from monitoring it can be seen that the pH is alkaline which could
be due to the inflow of the discharge from STP in the river. BOD & COD are higher in the
upstream which is due to the inflow of multiple STPs, Mega line carrying combined treated
effluents from CETPs and ETPs in the city, and other ETPs, and drains. Also, the presence of
faecal coliform indicates the polluted nature of the water. It is estimated that the
improvement under G-ACRP will help enhance the water quality of the Sabarmati River. The
odour was observed objectionable in all cases except for the Lake. Iron, Zinc, Cadmium, Nickel,
and Manganese are detected at the STP inlet, but much below the allowable limits. At outlets
it is seen that there is a reduction in levels of these. DO level at Sabarmati, downstream of the
outfall from Vasna STPs is a concern (BDL as against min 4 mg/l required). BOD, COD, N, and
P values are much higher than the MoEFCC standards prescribed in the Consent conditions,
and thus, the NGT prescribed limits. These indicate the need for upgrading the STP process to
ensure a better quality of treated water.
▪ Ground Water
The district forms a part of the Cambay Basin and drains into the Gulf of Cambay of Khambat.
The depth to groundwater level (DTWL) during the pre-monsoon period (May 2019) ranged
from 2.25 to 27.55 mbgl. The range of groundwater levels in the district is given below.
Table 17: Ground Water Level pre-monsoon 2019 17
No of wells DTWL mbg No of well in different Depth Ranges
analysed (m)
Min Max 0 to 2 2 to 5 5 to 10 10 to 20 20 to 40 >40
21 2.25 27.55 0.00% 38.00% 24.00% 29.00% 10.0% 0.00%
Groundwater samples were collected during September 2021 and quality was assessed
following CPCB water quality Guidelines 2017. Sampling locations are as follows,
Figure 24: Ground Water Quality Sampling Location
17 DIST-WISE FRQ TEALE OF MAY2019 for website.xlsx (cgwb.gov.in)
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Table 18: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Results
Sr. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No. Measure
ment GW20 GW4 GW11 GW2 GW3 GW7 GW10 GW21
1 pH @ 25 ° C -- 8.3 8.66 7.74 7.86 7.24 7.98 8.17 7.48
2 Colour Pt. Co. 35 10 30 30 35 25 35 40
Scale
3 Odour -- Unobjectionable Unobjection Unobjectionable Unobjecti Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjection Unobjectiona
able onable able ble
4 Turbidity NTU BDL(MDL:0.1) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.1 0.1 BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.1 0.1
1)
5 Temperature °C 31 31 32 32 31 31 31 32
6 Total Dissolved mg/L 1208 876 1356 404 1198 1062 1098 1392
Solids
8 Total Hardness mg/L 260 179 338.4 197.4 413.6 150.4 103.4 508
as CaCO3
9 Chloride as Cl- mg/L 290.1 145.1 355.6 37.4 205.9 191.9 117 285.4
10 Fluoride as F mg/L 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.6 1.1 6 0.6
11 Calcium as Ca mg/L 58.4 15.1 94.2 67.8 116.8 33.9 15.1 113
12 Magnesium as mg/L 27.8 34.4 25.1 6.9 29.7 16 16 54.9
Mg
13 Sulphate as mg/L 109.2 76.6 168.4 21.1 184.3 98.4 56.9 183.8
SO4-2
14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 3.4 5 4.1 2.9 15.5 7.7 0.4 0.6
15 Total Alkalinity mg/L 395.8 368 373.5 211.9 401.4 401.4 563.1 473.9
16 Oil & Grease mg/L BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. BDL(MDL:2.0)
0) 2.0) 0)
7 Dissolved mg/L 5 7.4 3.5 2.5 3.1 4.2 3.8 1.7
Oxygen
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Sr. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No. Measure
ment GW20 GW4 GW11 GW2 GW3 GW7 GW10 GW21
18 Ammoniacal mg/L BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. 12.5
Nitrogen 0) 2.0) 0)
19 Chemical mg/L BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. 20.1 BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2.0) BDL(MDL:2. 16.1
Oxygen 0) 2.0) 0)
Demand (COD)
20 Biochemical mg/L 6
Oxygen
Demand (BOD)
21 Phenolic mg/L BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
Compound 01) 0.01) 01) 1)
22 Total Residual mg/L 1 2.1 BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.7 2.8 0.7 BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.1)
Chlorine 1)
23 Total Nitrogen mg/L 5.7 5.3 3.7 4.9 4.6 7.2 6.3 31.5
24 Total Kjeldahal mg/L 4.4 4.1 3.1 3.7 3.4 5.3 4.4 19
Nitrogen (TKN)
25 Free Ammonia mg/L 0.84 1.5 BDL(MDL:0.2) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.2) 0.54 0.71 0.85
0.2)
26 Sodium as Na mg/L 305 219.7 320.3 38.2 215.6 298.3 316.4 255.5
27 Potassium as K mg/L 3 1.1 4 4.8 18.7 1.5 1.7 13.8
28 Nickel as Ni mg/L BDL(MDL:0.02) BDL(MDL:0. 0.015 BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.02) BDL(MDL:0.02) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
02) 0.02) 02) 2)
29 Copper as Cu mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. 0.054
05) 0.05) 05)
30 Lead as Pb mg/L 0.015 0.079 0.065 0.038 0.057 0.059 0.045 0.069
31 Iron (as Fe) mg/L BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.237 0.181 0.744 0.346 0.436 0.249 0.642
32 Zinc as Zn mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.05) 0.08 BDL(MDL:0. 0.13
05) 0.05) 05)
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Sr. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No. Measure
ment GW20 GW4 GW11 GW2 GW3 GW7 GW10 GW21
33 Cadmium as Cd mg/L 0.022 0.007 0.02 BDL(MDL: 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.014
0.003)
34 Arsenic as As mg/L BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0.01) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
01) 0.01) 01) 1)
35 Manganese as mg/L BDL(MDL:0.1) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.1) 0.341 0.728 BDL(MDL:0.01) 0.143 0.13
Mn 1)
36 Mercury as Hg mg/L BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0.001) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
001) 0.001) 001) 01)
37 Total mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
Chromium as Cr 05) 0.05) 05) 5)
38 Cyanide as CN mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
05) 0.05) 05) 5)
39 Hexavalent mg/L BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0.05) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.0
Chromium as 05) 0.05) 05) 5)
Cr+6
40 Cobalt as Co mg/L BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL: BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0.5) BDL(MDL:0. BDL(MDL:0.5)
5) 0.5) 5)
41 Total mg/L 0.04 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
Phosphorous
42 Salinity ppt 0.52 0.38 0.64 0.07 0.37 0.35 0.21 0.52
Biological Analysis
41 Total Coliform CFU/100 12 8 5 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
ml
42 Faecal Coliform CFU/100 8 6 4 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
ml
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Lead (Pb) is present in the samples in a very small amount. Contamination of groundwater is
due to the reverse boring of industrial effluents and polluted surface water18. pH in GW4 (8.66)
exceeds the permissible limit (8.5) as per the standards BIS: IS: 10500, 1991 recommended by
CGWB for domestic use. It is estimated that the improvement under G-ACRP will help enhance
the water quality of the Sabarmati River.
3.4.8 Soil Quality
Soil quality sampling was conducted during September 2021. Following are the locations of
the sampling,
Figure 25: Sampling Locations for Soil Quality
Table 19: Results of Soil Analysis
Sl. No. Parameter Unit of Sampling Point Location
Measurement S1 S3 S5 S6 S14
1 pH -- 7.8 8.8 8.96 9.18 8.61
2 Electrical µs/cm 274.3 143.5 152.2 132.7 151.2
Conductivity
3 Magnesium mg/kg 50.3 100.9 90.6 181.7 315.5
4 Sodium mg/kg 12 18.2 182.1 116.4 208.6
5 Potassium mg/kg 61.4 14.4 13.6 3.6 18.9
6 Phosphorous mg/kg 2961.9 1194.2 593.8 397.2 1378.1
7 Sodium Absorption -- BDL(MDL:1.0) BDL(MDL:1.0) 1.93 1.4 2.01
Ratio (SAR)
8 Copper as Cu mg/kg 61.2 6.1 40.7 7.1 18.4
9 Manganese as Mn mg/kg 82.8 45.1 178 60.6 154.8
18
http://gujenvis.nic.in/PDF/soe-water.pdf
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Sl. No. Parameter Unit of Sampling Point Location
Measurement S1 S3 S5 S6 S14
10 Zinc as Zn mg/kg 71.1 20 125.3 54.8 60.1
11 Nitrogen mg/kg 252.3 37.4 91.3 59.9 111.5
12 Bulk Density gm/cc 1.309 1.352 1.348 1.553 1.404
13 Porosity % 52 48 50 50 52
14 Cation Exchange meq/100g 25.6 27.1 26.4 26.6 28.2
Capacity
15 Nickel as Ni mg/kg 30.3 5.8 12.1 9.3 18.1
16 Iron as Fe mg/kg 3383.9 2634.7 6255.1 840.6 7123.7
17 Water Holding ml/100 gm 60 72 64 66 56
Capacity
18 Permeability Cm/Sec 0.172 0.174 0.183 0.18 0.184
19 Salinity ppt 0.34 0.51 0.34 0.67 0.67
Texture Class:
20 Sand % 18 98..6 96.3 98.6 13.8
21 Silt % 22 0.6 2.8 0.8 18.6
22 Clay % 60 0.8 1.2 0.6 67.6
The soil of the project site and vicinity is alluvial and disturbed. In general, the soil pH is varying
from 7.8 to 8.96 which is alkaline. Higher pH at certain places can be attributed to low detritus
and organic material.
The soil of the area is mostly disturbed due to large-scale construction and urban activities.
Some of the published articles also indicate a higher level of heavy metals such as Chromium,
Cadmium, Manganese, Lead, Zinc in soil, which can be attributed to industrial emissions in the
vicinity of Ahmedabad city19. It is important to prevent industrial pollution from leaching into
water sources and soil of the city and set up sensors to detect any such constituents in
manholes and wastewater inlets. In this regard, the Hon’ble High Court of Gujarat has
proactively set up a task force (in September 2021) to disconnect all connections from
industrial units into the sewers and drains in the city, now from the Eastern part of the river.
Till now, the task force has disconnected around 400 such connections and the units are asked
to resume operations only after connecting their effluents to CETPs/ ETPs. Such due diligence
and actions will curtail the illegal inflow of industrial effluents into the sewer system and STPs.
It is also important to set up semi-decadal monitoring of heavy metals in vegetables grown
under wastewater irrigated soils, south of Ahmedabad city.
3.4.9 Sludge & Sediment
Sludge samples were collected from the STP, and river bed sediment samples were collected
from the Sabarmati River near the STP outlet and Vasna Barrage flow. Following are the
locations of the same (Figure 26).
19Nature
Environment and Pollution Technology Vol. 20 163-175 2021, Heavy Metals in Soils and Vegetation from
Wastewater Irrigated Croplands Near Ahmedabad, Gujarat: Risk to Human Health
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Figure 26: Sampling Locations for Sludge and Sediment
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Table 20 Sludge & Soil Quality
Sl. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No Measureme
nt Downstream Upstream
Sludge 8 - Sediment – 1 Sediment – 2 Sediment– 3 Sediment – 4 Sediment - Sediment - Sediment –
Vasna STP Downstream Downstream Downstream Downstream Upstream of Upstream of Sabarmati
240 MLD of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati Sabarmati Sabarmati Flowing
Sludge River after River after River near River near River at River at Deep Within the
Vasna Barrage Vasna Barrage outfall (at outfall (at Shallow Level City
(at Shallow (at Deep Shallow Deep Levels Level
Levels Levels Levels
1 pH -- 6.9 8.52 8.9 8.05 8.02 8.48 8.5 8.32
5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5
2 Conductivit µS/cm 1442 155.1 156.8 107.8 109 172.3 186 186.7
y
3 Moisture % 54.68 25.9 24.4 28.6 40.6 30.8 13.01 26.2
4 Calorific Kcal/kg 1675.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL(MDL:20 BDL BDL
Value (MDL:200) (MDL:200) (MDL:200) (MDL:200) 0) (MDL:200) (MDL:200)
5 Arsenic as mg/kg BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
As (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05) (MDL:0.05)
6 Nickel as Ni mg/L BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0)
(MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0)
7 Cadmium mg/L BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0)
as Cd (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0)
8 Copper as mg/L BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) 1.74
Cu (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0)
9 Chromium mg/L BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0)
as Cr+6 (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0)
10 Lead as Pb mg/L BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL BDL (MDL:1.0) BDL (MDL:1.0)
(MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0) (MDL:1.0)
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Sl. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No Measureme
nt Downstream Upstream
Sludge 8 - Sediment – 1 Sediment – 2 Sediment– 3 Sediment – 4 Sediment - Sediment - Sediment –
Vasna STP Downstream Downstream Downstream Downstream Upstream of Upstream of Sabarmati
240 MLD of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati Sabarmati Sabarmati Flowing
Sludge River after River after River near River near River at River at Deep Within the
Vasna Barrage Vasna Barrage outfall (at outfall (at Shallow Level City
(at Shallow (at Deep Shallow Deep Levels Level
Levels Levels Levels
11 Zinc as Zn mg/L 70.84 3.2 1.5 BDL(MDL:1.0 1.51 BDL(MDL:1.0 BDL(MDL:1.0) BDL(MDL:1.0)
) )
12 Mercury as mg/kg BDL(MDL:0.0 BDL(MDL:0.05 BDL(MDL:0.05 BDL(MDL:0.0 BDL(MDL:0.05 BDL(MDL:0.0 BDL(MDL:0.05 BDL(MDL:0.05
Hg 5) ) ) 5) ) 5) ) )
13 Oil & mg/kg 8 7 9 7 8 6 8 9
Grease
14 Colour -- Black Black Black Black Black Black Black Black
15 Texture -- Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid Solid & Paper
16 Odour -- Objectionabl Unobjectionab Unobjectionab Objectionabl Unobjectionab Objectionabl Unobjectionab Unobjectionab
e le le e le e le le
17 Bulk gm/cc 0.704 1.229 1.369 1.308 1.16 1.296 1.478 1.314
Density
18 Water ml/100 gm 70 48 56 50 44 46 90 54
Holding
Capacity
19 Total % 20.28 3.31 3.11 2.94 6.68 4.16 1.21 4.28
Volatile
Solids
20 Total mg/kg 2798.2 218.2 217.1 242.8 299.3 312.6 107.4 264.6
Kjeldahl
Nitrogen
21 Organic % 30.3 1.85 0.29 0.94 4.59 0.86 0.75 1.06
carbon
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Sl. Parameter Unit of Sampling Locations
No Measureme
nt Downstream Upstream
Sludge 8 - Sediment – 1 Sediment – 2 Sediment– 3 Sediment – 4 Sediment - Sediment - Sediment –
Vasna STP Downstream Downstream Downstream Downstream Upstream of Upstream of Sabarmati
240 MLD of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati of Sabarmati Sabarmati Sabarmati Flowing
Sludge River after River after River near River near River at River at Deep Within the
Vasna Barrage Vasna Barrage outfall (at outfall (at Shallow Level City
(at Shallow (at Deep Shallow Deep Levels Level
Levels Levels Levels
22 Phenolic mg/kg N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
Compound
s
23 Total mg/kg 3879.2 296.2 986.3 972.2 1364.1 599.1 396 793.4
Phosphoro
us
At a downstream location near outfall and Vasna barrage, the pH of sediment is alkaline nature. The nitrogen and Phosphorous contents of the Sludge
are high. Sludge also shows the presence of Zinc in the sediment of Downstream samples. Currently sludge is being treated at sludge hygienisation plant
of AMC and testing of treated sludge is undergoing for assessing its suitability, as a manure and to get Fertilizer (Control) Order Certification. Study is
being conducted by AMC.
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3.4.10 Ambient Noise
Noise monitoring activity had undertaken during September 2021. Sampling locations are in
Figure 27 below.
Figure 27: Sampling Locations for Noise
Table 21 Sampling locations of noise levels
Sl No Location Name Location Day Time: Night-time:
Code (6 am to 9 pm) (10 pm to 5 am)
1 Residential area within 05 km of N1 50.74 40.78
Pirana STP site – Against the Wind
direction
2 Within 05 km of STP site, Residential N9 56.27 45.80
area, Faisal Nagar – Windward Side
3 Within 05 km of Vasna STP site, N 10 55.94 46.68
Residential area, Mastani Nagar –
Windward side
4 Residential area within 05 km of N2 57.79 48.00
Vasna STP site Against the Wind
direction
5 Vasna STP location – Subproject Site N5 60.63 52.55
6 Pirana STP location N6 62.34 54.88
7 Near Paldi Bus stop N 19 65.59 52.88
Primary data provided above shows that During night-time the noise levels in the residential
area within 05 km (against the Wind direction) of Vasna STP site is exceeding limits of 45dB.
This may be due the closeness to the highway and ongoing construction works. The rest of the
noise levels as per the National Ambient Noise levels are well within the limits set as per
regulations for Industrial, commercial, and residential areas in Ahmedabad.
Secondary data20 from 10 - 23 May 2018 at 24 locations shows that the average noise level
always exceeded the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the daytime noise
(75 dB(A) for Industrial area, 65 dB(A) for Commercial area, 55 dB(A) for Residential area and
20
Current World Environment Vol. 16, No. (1) 2021, Pg. 198-209, Monitoring and Assessing the Environmental
Noise along a Busy Traffic Corridor of Ahmedabad City, India
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50 dB(A) for Silence zones), which is quite alarming. For a major portion of the traffic corridor
(79.6%), even the minimum noise level was above the permissible average noise level which
is a matter of great concern. The highest noise level observed was 86.0 dB (A). Traffic corridors
near the central business district namely, Akhbarnagar followed by Naranpura were found the
nosiest.
Vasna 240 MLD STP is located well away from residential areas except for the slums or
informal settlements adjacent to the STP, along the western boundary and access road. Noise
levels at the location are within the limit. It is expected that due to the proposed rehabilitation
of STP, there will be a temporary localized increase in the local noise levels during the
construction phase.
Figure 28: Noise Sampling Locations superimposed on Traffic Corridors
Figure 29: Lmaxalong Traffic Corridors of Ahmedabad
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Figure 30: LAeq along the traffic corridors of Ahmedabad
3.5 Traffic Assessment
Proposed subproject activities may increase traffic movement and increased traffic may
attract health and safety issues concerning accidents and emission of pollutants from
increased traffic. Hence vehicular traffic in Ahmedabad was studied to understand the major
concerns. The vehicular density in Ahmedabad city is increasing at 5-6% per annum, while the
road length is largely constant in the last 5 years. As per the statement of vehicles registered
till 31st March 2021 with COT (Commissioner of Transport Office, Gandhinagar), the number
of vehicles in Ahmedabad is 45,19,181. A detailed break up is given in below Table 21
Table 22: Type of Vehicles registered with COT (dated 9 June 2021)
Sl. No. Type of Vehicles Ahmedabad (GJ-1) Ahmedabad (East) (GJ-2)
1 Goods Vehicles
A. Truck/ Lorries 50582 10400
B. Tanker 3498 460
C. Three-Wheeler 71246 14738
D. Other Light Wheeler 43489 7155
TOTAL 168815 32753
2 Passenger Vehicles
A. Stage Carriage 21028 0
B. Cont. Carriage 7808 319
C. Maxi Cab 6810 1403
D. School Bus 1224 243
E. Private Service Vehicles 1148 4
F. Police Van 861 3
Total 38879 1972
3 Ambulance 1469 15
4 A. 3 Wheeler Motor Car 11197 0
B. 4 Wheeler Motor car 766409 98095
5 Taxi 23814 98095
6 Jeep 32337 3689
7 Auto Rickshaws 202054 967
8 Two Wheeler 0 32418
A. Motor Cycle/ Scooter 2871138 0
B. Moped 304210 598624
9 Tractor 56447 600
10 Trailor 29893 3788
11 Other Vehicles 12519 611
Total 4519181 13858
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Ahmedabad city traffic police jurisdiction area is divided into 14 traffic divisions. 1375
accidents were reported in Ahmedabad city from January to December 201921. Out of this,
350 accidents were fatal and majorly occurred in the night-time after 9 pm. In these accidents,
the pedestrian users of the city roads are also affected to a great extent.
As per the detailed study conducted by JP India Pvt Ltd. during the year 2019, the major
outcomes were:
• There is a need for developing pedestrian infrastructure specifically for intersection
points.
• Use of Helmets
• Road obstructions/ construction causing limited vision
• Surface road defects such as potholes/ cracks/ unevenness etc.
• Defective traffic signals & indiscipline in following traffic rules.
• Violating the vehicle speed rules
• No signage
• Lack of driving skills
• A gap in the median section
• Unmaintained vehicles causing brake failure
Traffic accidents are usually attributed to human error and violations of traffic rules.
Considering the above aspects, it can be concluded that the city requires better pedestrian
infrastructure, signals, and road designs.
3.5.1 Accidents Prone Locations
The major accident-prone area is depicted in Figure 31. It can be seen that the Naroda Narol
road and Subhash Bridge area (about the phase I) sub-projects is major accident-prone area.
Other roads having accident histories in the proximity of project sites are shown in Table 22
and the number of accidents and their causes are depicted in Table 23, respectively.
21ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT – AHMEDABAD [2019] by JP Research India Pvt. Ltd. 22 Ahmedabad Accident Research
Report by JP Research India Pvt Ltd., Sep 2019 Report
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Figure 31: Accident-prone locations of Ahmedabad 22
Table 23: Accidents during past three years
Road & Intersections Years
2017 2018 2019
NH8 (Narol Naroda Road) 46 63 42
Shyam Shikhar CR to Ajit Mill CR to Hatkeshwar CR to Guruji Bridge
Shyam Shikhar CR to Ajit Mill CR to Hatkeshwar CR to Guruji Bridge
Forensik CR to Rameshwar CR
Soniya Ceramic to D Mart to MEMCO Bridge (Revised to MEMCO Bridge
to Meghani Nagar)
Sardar Patel Ring Road 43 60 45
Ramol Toll Tax to Auda Under Bridge
NH64 (Narol-Sarkhej Road) 48 58 41
Jashoda Nagar CR to Crozy Hotel
Naroda to Narol (Revised to Naroda to Jashoda Nagar Crossing)
132 Feet Ring Road 19 21 14
Naroda Road 17 11 20
Airport Road 18 11 11
Lal Bahadur Shastri Road 13 13 8
Table 24: Major factors for accidents along the major roads23
Sl. Factors for accidents NH8 (Narol Sardar NH64 (Narol-
No. Naroda Patel Ring Sarkhej Road)
Road) Road
1. Helmet not used 13 14
2. Injuries to rider due to impact with other vehicle 12 12 3
3. Injuries to Pedestrian due to impact with other 10 6
vehicle
4. Runover of Two-wheeler rider/ bicyclist 8 6
5. Speeding - Excessive speed for conditions 5 6 3
6. Injuries due to roadside manmade structures 5 -
7. Pedestrian's Dangerous Behaviour on Roadway 5 5 3
8. Poor road marking/ signage 4 7 -
9. Speeding Above Speed Limit 4 4 2
10. Overtaking in undivided road 3 6 -
11. Injuries Due to Ejection from Vehicle 3 4 -
12. Pedestrian's Inattention 3 5 -
13. Improper lane change/ lane usage 3 4 -
The width of the Fatehwadi canal road is sufficient to cater to the increased traffic volume as
the existing traffic movement is very low. As the STPs have a separate entry/ exit it will not
affect the movement of any local vehicles.
The above study of traffic signifies the management requirements during the construction
and pre-construction phases of the project. As the movement of vehicles carrying personnel
and raw material for this sub-project will increase traffic movement and may cause conflicts.
For the proposed project major concerns related to traffic are 1). Uneven roads, 2). Non-
marking of roads, 3). The width of the canal road is smaller, 4). Approach road connecting
canal road and STP has a sharp turn, and 5). Absence of signages. Improvement of road
22 Ahmedabad Accident Research Report by JP Research India Pvt Ltd., Sep 2019 Report
23 Ahmedabad Accident Research Report by JP Research India Pvt Ltd., Sep 2019 Report
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infrastructure and providing signages will be necessary. During construction, the project
planning should be made in such a way that minimal bypass or diversion is required.
Apart from the above measures, AMC (through PMC) should depute their supervisory team
to coordinate with residential and commercial groups for educating the masses about
diversions, road blockages, and other measures. Prior information should be given to the
residents in the area through various media tools such as TV broadcasts, pamphlets, etc.
3.5.2 Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index
Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) was adopted by MoEFCC for depicting
the overall pollution Index of Industrialised areas. This index is the sum of all kinds of pollution
viz. air, water, soil, noise, ecological status, etc. in the industrial areas of cities and is an
indicator of the environmental health of the city. The CEPI Index for Naroda/ Odhav industrial
cluster of Ahmedabad is comparatively better than other industrialized areas of Gujarat as
given below:
Table 25: Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index of Gujarat clusters
Sl. Name of polluted industrial area (PIA) CEPI Score
No. As per monitoring during 2018 by CPCB
1 Vadodara (Critically Polluted Area - CPA) 89.09
2 Ankleshwar (CPA) 80.21
3 Vapi (CPA) 79.95
4 Surat (CPA) 76.43
5 Vatva (Vatva & Narol) (CPA) 70.94
6 Rajkot (CPA) 70.62
7 Bhavnagar (Severely Polluted Area - SPA) 61.94
8 Ahmedabad (Naroda & Odhav) (Other 57.11
Polluted Area - OPA)
9 Morbi 54.24
Source: GPCB Annual report 2019-2020
Category CEPI Score
CPA >70
SPA 60-70
OPA <60
For managing pollution from industrial areas and industries, collectively and cumulatively,
regulatory measures, mechanisms for preventing emissions, treatment facilities for wastes,
and industrial effluents need to improve.
3.5.3 Natural Disaster Assessment
Being near to Sabarmati River, the existing Vasna 240 MLD STP needs to be more vigilant for
floods. This STP is also located at around 3 km from Vasna Barrage and the south end of the
Riverfront. HFL of the Sabarmati River is 41.77 m at the Vasana Barrage near the project area.
Thus, clear demarcation of HFL is important to identify the areas which would be impacted.
The lower promenade of the Sabarmati Riverfront got submerged in 2006, 2011, 2015, and
2017. In 2006, the low-lying slum at Vadaj experienced severe flooding, and houses and shops
were half-submerged and hundreds of slum dwellers from Vadaj and riverbank areas (behind
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VS hospital and Tagore Hall, Khanpur, and Shahpur, Behind NID) were relocated to schools.24
In 2015, the release of 1.8 lakh cusecs of water from the Dharoi dam had led to the flooding
of the riverfront25. People were evacuated from Fatehwadi, Chandrabhaga, and Indira bridge
area. During 23 - 27 July 2017, Ahmedabad district, City taluka, and Bavla taluka reported
81.16%, 107.86%, and 115.60% rainfall respectively26. Ahmedabad received 828.2 mm rains,
as against a normal level of 291.1 mm27. Around 200mm of rainfall was received in the city in
24 hours in 2017.28 More than 150 factories shut down,29 and slums in the city were
waterlogged while the districts of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar were also on alert due to the
Dharoi dam releasing water into the Sabarmati River, which had already received water from
the Narmada,30 and 2800 people from low lying areas were evacuated31.
Based on the above experiences with floods, during the worst floods scenario, potential risks
identified to and in STP premises during construction and operation phases include
submergence of the STP and nearby areas including access roads, structural damage of STP
components and linked structures; reverse flow from outlet; Impacts on outfall points, wastes,
debris, carcasses carried into the premises by floodwaters, choked machinery, inlets and
outlets, the impact of monitoring equipment, submerged equipment, and electric short
circuits, risks to workers and nearby communities due to flooding, disruption of construction
works and material stacked, issues with stored sludge and chemicals, the possibility of
waterborne disease post-flood; untreated sewage release and downstream impacts on
communities, impaired functioning caused by damage to equipment and machinery.
As per the seismic map of India, Ahmedabad falls under Zone III (Moderate Damage Risk
Zone). Ahmedabad along with other areas of Gujarat had experienced a massive earthquake
in January 2001. It is important that the proposed rehabilitation also consider structural
strengthening to make the STP resilient to earthquakes and other disasters.
3.6 Socio-Economic Baseline
The baseline socioeconomic condition used in the ESIA study and discussed has been compiled
from the population estimates of Master Planning Consultants of AMC, Census 2011 data for
the city and the wards and primary data collection. Other data available in the public domain
has also been collated and discussed in the baseline section to understand and present the
social baseline condition with respect to the area of influence and area of impact for the
project, health condition, downstream impact with respect use of water from Fatehwadi
canal, Sabarmati River, health issues, groundwater extraction and quality and related issues.
The immediate area of influence in ward no 52 Sarkhej where the STP is location and area of
impact is larger and includes the sewerage catchment in Western zone 1 for the 240 MLD STP,
downstream villages using the water from Sabarmati and Fatehwadi canal. City level data is
also presented for overall understanding of municipal services provided and overall
24 https://www.deshgujarat.com/2015/07/29/blog-year-2006-sabarmati-flood-in-ahmedabad-i-witnessed/
25https://indianexpress.com/article/india/gujarat-floods-submerged-sabarmati-riverfront-throws-up-snakes-and-many-
questions-4775653/.
26 https://gidm.gujarat.gov.in/sites/default/files/educate_your_self_document/Gujarat%20Flood%202017%20-
%20A%20Case%20Study%20by%20NDMA%20%26%20GIDM_2.pdf
27https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/a-rare-phenomenon-caused-gujarat-floods-
117072900734_1.html
28https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/ahmedabad-airport-gujarat-floods-heavy-rains-sabarmati-river-gandhinagar-
1026704-2017-07-27
29 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/31/india-monsoon-floods-gujarat-death-toll-over-200
30 https://hdrc-sxnfes.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Report-Flood-Final-19_08_17.pdf
31https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/flood-fury-hits-gujarat-25000-people-
evacuated/articleshow/59744404.cms
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improvement in the sewage collection and treatment from the Western zone 1 which
comprises of 28 % of the total city area as mentioned in section 3.5.4.3.
Ward Data
STP is located in Ward Number 52 for Sarkhej which is included in 10 kms area of study of
existing STP and area of influence/impact and has a significant geographic area for the
sewerage catchment, in which the STP is located. Western Zone 1 comprise the sewerage
catchment for 240 MLD STP and covers approximately 153 sq.km. area of AMC. The area of
South-West Zone and Northwest Zone between SG Highway and S P Ring Road, Motera,
Chandkheda, Chenpur, Gota, Jagatpur, Bopal, Shilaj, Bhadaj and newly added AUDA area in
AMC falls under this zone. The estimated contributing population for this zone is about 7.6
lakh. Contributing population estimated in FR for YR 2021 is 866840; FR 2024 - 987588, FY
2029 - 1216073, FR 2034 -1495301 and FY 2039-1817084.
As per the SCADA records, about 220 MLD sewage is generated at present in this zone and all
sewage generated will be treated with the implementation of the proposed sub project
Study area profile and limitation
A transect walk was also conducted within the STP plant area to observe specific issues related
to the plant site. Consultations were also undertaken with various stakeholders with reference
to the STP including AMC Officials, Operators and Squatter settlement inhabitants. Discussion
were held during preparation of ESIA and ESMP, after disclosure of draft ESIA/ESMP.
There are few STPs in the Vasna within 100 to 250 m, such as the 35 MLD, 48 MLD, 126 MLD
etc. At the time of development of these STPs, there were no settlements, adjoining or near
STPs. Since then, some temporary squatter settlements have come up alongside the
Fatehwadi canal and kuccha access road near 126 MLD STP and 240 MLD STP. Social impacts
are mainly with respect to the environmental issues such as dust, traffic movement, release
of untreated sewage, odour and related issues during construction and operation and
discussed in section 4.6. The squatter settlement is not a notified slum and consists of kuccha
or makeshift arrangements. The inhabitants are migrants (seasonal and permanent). The
settlement will not be affected by the sub project activities. Impacts and risks pertaining to
and on community health and safety impacts and SEA/SH impacts, impacts related to labor
influx etc will be minimized and addressed through mitigation measures.
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Figure 32 Location of Squatters settlement to the 240 MLD STP
Discussions with squatter settlement were undertaken in September’21 in late evening with
some inhabitants living in the settlement and subsequently post disclosure in March’2022.
During the preparation of the CESIA, further consultation with settlement dwellers including
women and other vulnerable groups will be conducted by the implementing agency.
The issues related to crimes such as theft, dacoity etc., in the squatter settlement will reduce
due to provision of street lighting during night work and movement of vehicles and labour.
There will also be increased security due to movement of materials and goods to the STP
during construction. Labour camp set up in the area will have enclosure and security to
prevent any incidences of crime or conflicts with labour working on project. Lighting will also
be provided to ensure safety and security to the labour residing in the labour camp.
Similarly, visits were also undertaken to residential areas, mainly peri urban locality just next
door, Juhapura (which is a non-notified slum) to 126 MLD STP, which is accessible from the
Fatehwadi canal road. The area is accessible by another route which is more commonly used
as it provides easy access to schools, hospitals, markets, residential area, places of worship
etc. Area adjacent to the 126 MLD STP consist of both kuccha and pucca structures, building
and chawls, places of worship, schools etc. During consultations conducted in the area, issues
and concerns were mentioned with respect to the public infrastructure provided in the area,
such as quality of water supplied by AMC, lack of community and individual toilets, lack of
pucca roads and issue of drainage and water stagnation. With respect to the STP, residents
reported there is no odour issue and overall traffic movement is mainly pedestrian and two
wheeler traffic on the access road to the 126 STP. Given the gap of services in the area and
proposed improvement and expansion of coverage of sewerage catchment and treatment of
sewage under the sub project, consultations will be carried out in Juhapura before
construction activities are initiated to address issues arising of sub project activities, gaps in
services and coverage of the area by providing sanitation services through Central and State
government schemes under SWM.
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The settlement will not be affected by the sub project activities. Impacts and risks pertaining
to and on community health and safety impacts and SEA/SH impacts, impacts related to labor
influx etc will be minimized and addressed through mitigation measures.
Figure 33 Juhapura Peri Urban Area near 126 MLD STP
Demographics & ethnic composition
Overview of Demographics of Ahmedabad city
City population is considered broadly while discussing the sub project as the sewerage
catchment area consists of the western zone 1 which covers approximately 140 sq.km area of
AMC (28% of total city area) and will improve overall coverage and accessibility to the sewage
collection and treatment for Western zone 1.
Decadal growth observed for Ahmedabad (urban) is 27.82% between 2001-2011. Population
density of the city was 11948/sq.km. The total population as per census 2011 was 5577940
(24,02,523 males and 19,73,870 females). Sex ratio was 898 per 1000 males. The average
literacy rate of Ahmedabad City in 2011 was 88.29%. The SC/ ST Population in the city is 10.66
and 1.2 percent respectively. According to the 2011 census, Hindus are the predominant
religious community in the city comprising 81.56% of the population followed by Muslims
(13.51%), Jains (3.62%), Christians (0.85%) and Sikhs (0.24%). As of 2011, about 66% of the
population lives in formal housing and remainder in slums and chawls.
Around 67 percent of the population are in the working-age group of 15 – 59 years. The work
participation rate of the city was 37% as per the 2011 census. Among those employed, self-
employed constituted 50.56 percent, regular wage/ salaried employees were 45.65 percent
while 3.8% were casual labour. During the census period, 1.94 percent of the workers in the
city were employed in the primary sector, 47.76% in the secondary sector, and 50.30 percent
were in tertiary sectors. Primary commodities manufactured are chemicals, medicines, and
cotton cloth.
According to City Development Plan (CDP) of Ahmedabad, 2006-2012, SJSRY survey conducted
in Ahmedabad in 1998 showed that 32.4 percent of city’s population living in the slums. The
city of Ahmedabad has 710 slums and 958 chawls spread across different zones in the city.
There are about 1.75 lakh households residing in the slums and 1.49 lakh households in the
chawls in city.
As of 2016, there is an estimated population of over 7 million people living in Ahmedabad,
and over 8 million people living in the metropolitan area. Approximately 31,000 rural families
are living in Ahmedabad with about 1,700 of them living below the poverty line. The
population density is approximately 9,900 people per square kilometre or around 26,000 per
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square mile with 464 sq.km. (or 179.2 square miles) available in the city area32. As of 2020,
the estimated population is expected to be 78,68,63333 for the Ahmedabad Urban
Agglomeration.
Population Density and Profile
The population density for wards as given in the map below above reflect that the population
density in the western zone 1 for YR 2013 ranges from below 10000 persons/sq.km to 40000
persons/sq.m. in South West and Northwest zones. The population density was much higher
for the eastern wide of the city with inner zones having higher population density ranging
from 40000 persons per sq. m to above 60000 persons per Sq. Km.
In the future, it is expected that population density will increase in some of the wards which
have population density in the range of 40000 per/sq.m. and below and which are rapidly
being integrated within the city due to infrastructure development, improved municipal
services and better connectivity.
For the estimated population increased in the respective wards, the sub project will enhance
sewerage collection and treatment through the proposed sub project.
The sub project is proposed to be carried out within the existing STP premises which is
enclosed within boundary. There are no occupants at the proposed expansion site, no
disadvantaged/vulnerable groups, etc.
In this section, there is a brief discussion the impacts on communities near the STPs and the
downstream users of Fatehwadi canal and Sabarmati river in which the treated sewage is
released. land acquisition is not required for road repairs or upgradation or STP related activity
with respect to the upgradation or expansion. Current width of kuccha road is large and only
8 m width will be required for road repairs and upgradation which not affect any traffic
movement as the proposed road repairs and upgradation will be taken up in a manner to allow
traffic movement. Each of these communities and main concerns are discussed under
separate sub headings, based on primary data collection and consultations. The various
communities include:
• Informal settlement opposite the 126 MLD and 240 MLD STPs. There are also
scattered settlements on the Fatehwadi canal. The land belongs to the AMC and all
the person/families are squatters on government land and the settlement is non-
notified.
• Mixed formal/ informal settlement is adjacent to the 126 MLD which comes under
Juhapura which can be described as a largely unplanned area with mix of residential
buildings, schools, places of worship, etc.
• Few downstream villages/ users of Fatehwadi canal water and Sabarmati river
Squatter/ informal settlement Opposite the STPs
There are approximately 600 to 700 families (roughly 1800 to 3500 persons in the entire
stretch) in the squatter settlement and numbers vary as per work availability and return of
inhabitants to original villages whenever required. Inhabitants consulted mentioned that they
have been living in the informal settlement opposite the STPs since the last 12 years or so.
Inhabitants of the settlement are mainly from Jabhua district, Madhya Pradesh and Dahod
district, Gujarat. This population living in the settlement is highly mobile and inhabitants often
go back to their villages and return after 15 to 20 days.
32 https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/ahmedabad-population
33 Source: population.un.org/wpp/, 1950 to 2035 Ahmedabad city Population(UA)
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People have moved to the area, from slums and rented accommodations during Covid
pandemic due to loss of income and regular work. Most of the people (men and women) work
as labour in the nearby industries. Women also go for domestic work in the nearby areas such
as Juhapura.
There are higher proportion of men roughly 60% men and 40% women in the settlement as
women move with their families only. More males were observed on the site than women
and children. While women are living in the settlement, the numbers are lesser than that of
young adult males. The temporary huts put up by the people are made of plastic sheet,
corrugated sheets on frames, gunny bags, cartons etc. Very few structures have lower brick
walls. Most of the temporary huts put up are used of living and one shop was observed but
was not functional or open during any of the visits undertaken in the area. During evening
handcarts were observed selling mainly vegetables and other items to the inhabitants. These
are not stationery and are used for vending for a short period of time during the evenings/
night in the settlement.
Amenities and public services such as electricity, sanitation and water supply facilities are not
available in the settlement. One of the respondents reported that he had dug a well on his
own, in which good quality water is available at 40 feet. People also approached the existing
240 STP for getting drinking water which is free of cost. People defecate near the highway.
Health problems reported in the area includes malaria, fever and swollen hands and legs.
Approximately 50% of the people are vaccinated.
There are 3 to 4 private borewells from which the people take water for drinking and domestic
use on payment basis. There are few children in the settlement. Some families keep goats for
personal consumption for which they take fodder from STP during monsoon. This activity is
restricted as per requirement of grass cutting in the STP during monsoon. People also take the
goats for grazing and watering to the river bank which are affected due to the quality of river
water.
Figure 34: Location of Slum, squatter settlement with Respect to 240 MLD STP
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Downstream Villagers
Earlier, Ahmedabad used to get its water from Dharoi reservoir, constructed in 1976 upstream
of Ahmedabad, that controls water and protects from flooding while Vasna Barrage
constructed in 1976 downstream retains water in the Sabarmati river which is monsoon fed,
along the city banks and diverts it through Fatehwadi canal for irrigation. The Fatehwadi
feeder canal was first built in 1976 and channels water to four major talukas Sanand, Dholka,
Bavla and Daskroi. The canal system has a command area of 28,000 to 30,000 hectares. The
Narmada Canal, which crosses Sabarmati a few kilometres upstream from the city, is part of
a larger canal network of Sardar Sarovar Dam. After the drought from 1980 to 1989,
permission was sought to get water from the Narmada canal. The Narmada canal can feed
excess water to the river and maintains the level of water in the river which is retained through
Vasna Barrage.
The downstream villages get drinking water from the borewell/tube well and through the
Narmada canal. People also use borewell for irrigation. The villages are covered under the Jal
Jeevan Mission (JJM) which envisions to provide safe and adequate drinking water through
individual household tap connections by 2024 to all households in rural India. Jal Jeevan
Mission (JJM) has been launched in partnership with States, to enable every household in
villages to have Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) in the next 5 years. It is
envisaged that with FHTC, each household will have potable water supply in adequate
quantity. Implementing agencies include Water and Sanitation Management Organization
(WASMO), Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited (GWIL) and Gujarat Water Supply &
Sewerage Board (GWSSB). GWSSB mentions that the regional water supply schemes are based
on reliable sources like tube-wells (Underground sources) or Surface water sources (Dam or
Narmada water). Water is fed up to village level by transmitting water from bulk water
transmission lines by the GWSSB. FHTC coverage is 100 % for households’ in relevant talukas
(Dholka, Bavla, Detroj, Daskroi, Sanand and Dhanuka for downstream villages of Sabarmati
and for Fatehwadi canal)of Ahmedabad district are covered in Jal Jeevan Mission for drinking
water supply. Based on the JJM data available34, at taluka level coverage is 100 %. See table
below.
Table 26: Habitation wise FHTC Coverage( Reported Till 06/03/2022) Financial Year: 2021-2022,
Ahmedabad District35
Total Non With FHTC With FHTC Coverage> With FHTC Coverage>
Habitat PW Coverage> =50 and =75 and =100%
S. ions as S Hous Hous
Block Hou
No. on Hab Hous e e House
Hab se Hab House
01/04/ itati e Conn Habs Conn Connectio
s Hold s Holds
2021 ons Holds ectio ectio ns
s
ns ns
1 BAVLA 54 0 0 0 0 1 2800 2503 53 37878 37878
2 DASKROI 116 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 84016 84016
3 DETROJ 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 28845 28845
4 DHANDHUKA 43 0 0 0 0 1 519 517 42 17220 17220
5 DHOLERA 41 0 0 0 0 2 2650 2432 39 12347 12347
6 DHOLKA 80 0 0 0 0 1 260 258 79 54201 54201
34
https://ejalshakti.gov.in/IMISReports/Reports/WaterQuality/rpt_WQM_GPwiseTesting_P.aspx?Rep=0
35
https://ejalshakti.gov.in/imisreports/
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Total Non With FHTC With FHTC Coverage> With FHTC Coverage>
Habitat PW Coverage> =50 and =75 and =100%
S. ions as S Hous Hous
Block Hou
No. on Hab Hous e e House
Hab se Hab House
01/04/ itati e Conn Habs Conn Connectio
s Hold s Holds
2021 ons Holds ectio ectio ns
s
ns ns
7 MANDAL 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 23333 23333
8 SANAND 99 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99 60741 60741
9 VIRAMGAM 97 0 1 1650 1236 0 0 0 96 43133 43133
Total 644 0 1 1650 1236 5 6229 5710 638 361714 361714
Based on the consultations and assessment carried out downstream villages rely on
borewell/tube well or Narmada canal water for source of drinking water. Due to issues with
water pollution, Sabarmati river water is usually avoided for irrigation or drinking. The
implementation of the proposed sub project will improve water quality being released into
the river and meet requirements as per the NGT standards. Task Force set up by the High
Court of Gujarat has disconnected around 400 connections from industrial units into the
sewers and drains in the city, now from Eastern part of the Sabarmati river and the units are
asked to resume operations only after connecting their effluents to CETPs/ETPs to reduce
Sabarmati river pollution.
Consultations conducted for the above mentioned communities and groups are presented in
section 8.3, Table 51 for outcome of consultation during preparation of ESIA and post
disclosure. The key concerns raised by stakeholders have been incorporated in the ESIA for
240 MLD STP. The suggestions of the stakeholders by including monitoring of noise, sludge,
air and water and its analysis for defining the baseline and mitigation measures. The project
suggests improved management of all wastes and treated water quality to confirm with latest
NGT suggested standards. Labour health and safety will be given high priority and appropriate
measures to follow and monitor labour regulations have been suggested in the ESMP.
Additional consultations will be undertaken after design finalization by DBOT Contractor.
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Figure 35: Population Density of Wards in AMC36
Demographic Profile: Sarkhej Ward
There are 14740 households in Sarkhej with a total population of 72727 with 37746 males and
34981 females. The average household size is 5 and the sex ratio is 927. Proportion of SC in
total population is 10.41% and that of ST is 1.17%. Total literate population is 81.38%. Male
literates comprise of 88.28% of total males and female literates are 74% of total females.
Workers and occupation
The proportion of total workers is 34.74% and main workers comprise of approximately 85%
of total workers, in Sarkhej ward. More than 88.56% of the population comprises of other
workers categories indicating occupation in the secondary and tertiary sectors given the
presence of industries such as chemicals, petrochemicals, dairy, drugs and pharmaceuticals,
power, transmission, etc in the city. Less than 0.5% is involved in household industries, 2.84%
as cultivators and 5.39 as agriculture labours.
Health
The data for this section was collated from the Health Officer, AMC for Ahmedabad city and
Health Aspect Study and Mitigation to improve the health in Catchment area of Identified
Polluted River Stretches for the city. The proportion of cases in the west, Northwest and
southwest zones was low less than 3% for AGE and fever between 2018 to 2021. For Jaundice,
the proportion was higher at more than 15% for YR 2018-2021. Almost all ailments had an
increase in YR 2019 before decreasing significantly in 2020.
36Health Dept, AMC. City Health Plan: Ahmedabad under National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). Prepared by Urban
Management Centre 2013.
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Table 27: Diseases in Ahmedabad City: 2018 - 20
Disease/ Year West N. West S. West Total cases for % of cases in the
Ailment Zone Zone Zone Ahmedabad Sewerage
city Catchment Zone
Acute 2018 75 19 26 6767 1.77
Gastroenteritis 2019 67 13 83 6004 2.71
(AGE)
2020 25 4 16 1779 2.53
2021 22 7 34 2407 2.62
Jaundice 2018 161 162 238 3154 17.79
2019 135 123 273 2610 20.34
2020 31 13 45 580 15.34
2021 60 12 57 129 1.77
Typhoid 2018 224 141 103 3286 14.24
2019 267 104 154 4291 12.23
2020 39 14 14 1137 5.89
2021 66 13 32 1477 7.52
Cholera 2018 9 3 4 77 20.78
2019 1 0 2 86 3.49
2021 2 0 0 64 3.13
Fever 2018 75 19 26 6767 1.77
2019 67 13 83 6004 2.71
2020 25 4 16 1779 2.53
2021 22 7 34 2407 2.62
Source: Health Officer, AMC for Ahmedabad city, 2021
3.6.1.1 Gender issues/ concerns
Women in the nearby settlement are working, mainly in the unorganized sector as semi-skilled
and unskilled labour, domestic workers, construction/masonry work. Safety and security
concerns for women/children were raised due to the labour influx for construction activities,
open defecation, lack of street lights and similar issues as the settlement is informal. This has
been addressed in the mitigation measures through community health and safety measures,
employment of labour, both men and women from the informal settlement, setting up labour
camp at suitable site to prevent any disturbance to the settlement, SEA/SH measures and
provision of services such as drinking water supply and sanitation for the settlement through
government schemes and programs.
The Labour Force Participation rate according to the current weekly status from July 2019 to
September 2020 for urban areas of Gujarat is presented below and data indicates that LFPR
for males were significantly lower for females in Gujarat.
Table 28: Labor Force Participation Rate (CWS) July 19 to Sept 20
State Gujarat India
Male Female Male Female
Jul-Sep 2019 77.7 16.7 73.9 20.3
Oct-Dec 2019 78.8 18.5 73.8 21.1
Jan-Mar 2020 79.1 19.2 73.7 21.9
Apr-Jun 2020 74.4 17.7 71.7 19.6
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State Gujarat India
Male Female Male Female
Jun-Jul 2020 77.3 18.3 73.5 20.3
Source: GoI, Aug 2021, National Statistical Office, Periodic Labour force Survey (PLFS) July-September
2020, Ministry of statistics and Programme Implementation.
Institutional Set ups
Stakeholder groups identified during site assessment was STP staff, contractors and migrants
living in squatter settlements in the vicinity of the STP.
Stakeholder consultations & Identified Groups
Consultations were carried out for the preparation of the draft ESIA report and the draft ESMF
and SEP. Stakeholder consultation is a dynamic process and consultations will be carried out
during the life cycle of the G-ACRP project. Consultations were also carried out on draft
instruments and the instruments (ESIA and ESMP) will be updated based on the outcomes of
consultations and redisclosed.
Due to Covid -19 pandemic and restrictions, consultations were carried out, from August to
November 2021, online and as well as in-person and due precautions were followed for site
activities. Additional consultations were also carried out in March 2022.
3.7 Governance & administrative context
For administrative purposes, the city is at present divided into 7 zones - Central, East, West,
North, South, southwest zone, and northwest zone. Each zone is further split into wards. The
area comes under the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Ward no 52 Sarkhej as mentioned
above In AMC, Drainage Department manages all sewerage and drainage (stormwater)
related works and services. The Department applies for Consent to Establish and Operate from
GPCB ad consent conditions are to be followed by all STPs. Under the Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 it is the
responsibility of GPCB to inspect sewage or trade effluents, works, and plants for the
treatment of sewage or trade effluent.
Operation and Maintenance of STPs and Pumping Stations are contracted out to various
private agencies. In 1996, the Hon'ble High Court of Gujarat in their verdict directed the GPCB
for the implementation of an Environmental Audit Scheme for the industries in the State of
Gujarat. The scheme classified the industries which are required to submit periodical audit
reports and the timetable thereof. It provides for submission of the audit reports to the GPCB
first and subsequent action to be taken on. The scheme also envisages actions for failure to
submit a report for industries and furnishing incorrect information on the part of auditors.
Audit of STPs is carried out as per schedule and details submitted to GPCB.
3.8 Other developments in the Project Area and Sabarmati Riverfront
Gyaspur metro depot of Ahmedabad metro at the northern side of 240 MLD STP is the latest
development in the project area. At present, the metro depot works in ongoing and may
continue during the construction phase of the 240 MLD STP. The metro depot is across the
highway and potential impacts identified are related to impacts on air quality and traffic
management during the transportation of goods, material, and equipment during the
construction phase. Construction was expected to be complete by 2022, with expected delays
due to COVID 19. The project must check if permissions are required from Metro Authorities
for any of the subproject activities.
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Upcoming projects on the Sabarmati Riverfront by AMC includes road between Subhash
Bridge and railway bridge on the western side, sports complex on the eastern side, sports
complex behind National Institute of Design, Park between Nehru Bridge and Ellis Bridge,
Multilevel parking on the western side and footbridge between Ellis bridge and Sardar bridge.
None of these will qualify as Associated Facilities under ESS 1 definition.
A list of upcoming projects in Ahmedabad and their importance for identified subprojects is
provided in Annexure VI.
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CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
As per ESF, “The assessment [ESIA] will evaluate the project’s potential environmental and social risks
and impacts; examine project alternatives; identify ways of improving project selection, siting,
planning, design and implementation in order to apply the mitigation hierarchy for adverse
environmental and social impacts and seek opportunities to enhance the positive impacts of the
project.�?
Analysis of Alternatives involves the following:
▪ Systematically compares feasible alternatives to the proposed project site, technology, design,
and operation—including the “without project�? situation—in terms of their potential
environmental and social impacts.
▪ Assesses the alternatives’ feasibility of mitigating the environmental and social impacts; the
capital and recurrent costs of alternative mitigation measures, and their suitability under local
conditions; and the institutional, training, and monitoring requirements for the alternative
mitigation measures.
▪ For each of the alternatives, quantifies the environmental and social impacts to the extent
possible, and attaches economic values where feasible.
The Analysis of Alternatives described in this chapter is structured to follow a ‘narrowing approach’
involving a series of logical steps, starting with the high-level strategy alternatives followed by a
description of more detailed technology alternatives considered. Using this commonly adopted
narrowing approach, the Analysis of Alternatives considers alternatives in the following sequence:
• Strategy Alternative: Abandoning the Existing Centralised Treatment to follow decentralized ‘on
site’ treatment 'on site’
Here, a scenario where existing STP would be abandoned, and residents will be using onsite
decentralised treatment in septic tanks is considered against the proposed subproject
• ‘Zero’ or ‘No Project’ alternative;
Here, without project scenario i.e., continuing the existing situation compared with the scenario
where the proposed project rehabilitation is implemented
• Complete reconstruction of Existing Plant
Demolition of existing plant to reconstruct a new STP in its place
• Design/ Technology Alternatives
Technologies to achieve the stringent discharge standards suggested by NGT are compared with
the current one. During Detailed design, this will be subject to further scrutiny and the best
environmentally suitable alternative will be adopted.
4.1 Strategy Change: Abandoning Centralised Treatment in STP, to follow decentralized
treatment ‘on site’
Another option is the proposed development of onsite treatment in the catchment of Vasna 240 MLD
STP. This involves onsite treatment in around 0.76 million units, for 240 MLD sewage.
• This is not viewed as an option by the residents of Ahmedabad, where centralized treatment
was being provided by AMC for the past two decades, and infrastructure including sewer
networks and sewage pumping stations have been built for this. This would mean abandoning
the infrastructure built for this.
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• An on-site system may not be appropriate also in existing small plot sizes, which have been
developed considering that centralized treatment will be the norm.
• The soil of the region is alluvium with faster permeability, unsuited for large-scale
decentralized options. This would further add to the soil pollution in this high dense industrial
city.
4.2 Zero or NO project Alternative (without Project Scenario)
The existing STP was designed with ASP technology to achieve the following norms:
Table 29: STP Inlet Outlet Quality viz a viz Standards/ Norms
Sl. Parameter Unit Designed Actual The actual Prevailing NGT
No. Discharge Inlet quality of MoEFCC suggested
Quality of Quality, treated 201737 Discharge
Treated 2021 sewage at quality, 2017
Sewage Outlet, 2021
1. BOD mg/l 20 160 12 20 <10
2. COD mg/l 100 472.8 40.8 <50
3. SS mg/l 30 40 6 <50 <10
4. pH - 6.5 - 8.0 7.57 7.8 6.5 -9.0 5.5-9.0
5. Residual mg/l 0.5 BDL 3.1
Chlorine
6. Fecal Coliform MPN/100 1000-10000 61 16 <1000 <230
ml
7. Oil Grease mg/l <10 BDL BDL
8 Total Nitrogen mg/l 42.7 34.7 < 10
9 Total mg/l 1.89 1.83 <2
Phosphorous
There is no provision for the removal of faecal coliform and bio-nutrients in the existing STP. With an
existing treatment facility, it may not be possible to achieve the NGT suggested discharge quality. This
may affect the surface water quality at Sabarmati and groundwater quality and health of the city and
downstream of Sabarmati or Fatehwadi canal, in case of reuse for irrigation.
Due to the age of the STP, equipment’s are not functioning as per design requirement, If the treatment
plant is not upgraded, there may be impacts on the water quality of the Sabarmati River downstream
which will affect any fauna, flora in the river, and also result in degradation of soil quality. If this is
used for irrigation, it may have an impact on the health of the farmers and nearby communities. High
chlorine content for disinfection may impact plant growth and soils. In addition, treatment costs are
also high, and machinery needs upgradation. Since the proposed rehabilitation is minimal, rerouting
of sewage during phased rehabilitation can be easily achieved and impacts of works near sewage can
be minimized by good construction scheduling and rerouting to existing STPs in the Vasna STP
agglomerate/ cluster, taking advantage of agglomerated treatment units.
STP upgradation will result in achieving the NGT suggested standards and help in improved health of
the people and environment without abandoning the existing STP area.
4.3 Demolition of existing STP and Complete reconstruction of existing STP
As against proposed rehabilitation, the alternative, namely complete reconstruction of existing STP
was examined. This involves the demolition of all structures on the existing STP plot, which is almost
fully built. In case of such a scenario, it will be required to stop treatment and allow at least 80 percent
37These Standards shall apply to all STPs to be commissioned on or after the 1st June, 2019 and the old/existing STPs shall
achieve these standards within a period of five years from date of publication of this notification in the Official Gazette.
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of the sewage to bypass without treatment during the demolition period, as Vasna 240 STP is the
largest among all STPs in the Vasna STP agglomerate/ cluster. This also would involve demolition and
reconstruction works in un-hygienic conditions, for a longer duration during demolition and
reconstruction phases. Bypass of near around 200 MLD of sewage, in this case, would have impacts
on the quality of water in Sabarmati, groundwater, and downstream communities, considering the
quality of sewage at the inlet. This also requires detailed investigations to further analyse the
upstream infrastructure to ensure that the entire estimated sewage would eventually be conveyed to
the existing 240 MLD STP location.
Considering the available capacity in Gravity Trunk and present flow (which is less than STP capacity),
a strong possibility for constructing de-centralized STPs, however, using existing infrastructure with
modifications makes more economic sense than fully abandoning this.
No bypass shall be allowed from WB funder facility, as per the directions of National Green Tribunal
(NGT)38 and WB EHS. AMC is updating sewer system (as part of G-ACRP) and storm water
infrastructure to curtail any storm water ingress to sewer system. STP once upgraded and obsolete
equipment are upgraded, it will be able to take the additional 10% load which comes into the STPs
during heavy rains. FR proposes the TSPS and STP facilities under G-ACRP shall be designed to handle
upto 15% additional flow over and above the design flow values to ensure that no untreated
wastewater is discharged into the river during rains. AMC also takes the opportunity offered by
agglomeration pf STPs at Pirana and Vasna to divert and treat peak flows.
4.4 Technology Alternatives
4.4.1 Screening of Technologies for STP
At present, the following sewage treatment technologies are the best available to arrive at
NGT suggested discharge standards:
▪ Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)/ Cyclic Activated Sludge Process.
▪ Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Process (Anoxic-Aerobic Type) with Coagulant
Dosing Facility.
▪ Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic (A2O) Process (Biological Nitrogen and Phosphorous Removal
Process)
▪ Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)
Table 30: Comparison of Various Biological Treatment Options
Sl. Treatment Advantages Disadvantages
No process
1 Anaerobic/ • Both nitrogen and phosphorus are • Generally, this process needs a
Anoxic/ Aerobic removed simultaneously in this process larger volume of reaction tank
(Oxic) A2O • A portion of alkalinity consumed in the than that used in the standard
process aerobic tank is recovered by activated sludge process.
denitrification reaction in the anaerobic • The process operating
reaction tank by recycling nitrified liquor parameters of nitrogen
from the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank removal, such as SRT conflict
• Well-proven technology worldwide with that of phosphorus
removal; therefore, the
38
Page 20. 3 nd QUARTERLY REPORT OF THE CENTRAL MONITORING COMMITTEE (CMC) IN COMPLIANCE OF THE ORDER
DATED 21.09.2020 (UPLOADED ON 26.09.2020) IN THE MATTER OA No. 673 of 2018 (on critically polluted river stretches
(such as Sabarmati – see pages 20, 23); bypass of sewage is critically viewed by NGT in
http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/Kharicut-canal-pollution-NGT-order.pdf)
Available at:
https://greentribunal.gov.in/sites/default/files/news_updates/Status%20Report%20filed%20by%20CPCB%20in%20OA%20
No%2082%20of%202021(SZ).pdf;
Accessed on: November 2021
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Sl. Treatment Advantages Disadvantages
No process
optimum SRT condition needs
to be set to remove both
nitrogen and phosphorus.
2 Sequential Batch • Smaller footprint • High automation
Reactor (SBR) • High-quality effluent • No energy production
• Similar to extended aeration • Skilled manpower required
• Ability to handle shock loads. • Decantation mechanisms are
• Efficient use of aeration system patented
• The successful functioning of plants in
India and worldwide
3 Moving Bed • Less space requirement • High media quantity
Biofilm Reactor requirement
(MBBR) • Long shut down period for
plant maintenance
• will not remove phosphorous
biologically
• limited experience in India for
much higher capacity plants.
4 Membrane • Separate biological process • Low sludge production
Bioreactor • No tertiary treatment required • High capital & maintenance
cost
Source: Options Analysis and Feasibility Assessment report Capacity Augmentation and technology
upgradation of existing STPs: (Deliverable No. 2- Western Side), Nov 2021. Prepared by Royal Haskoning
DHV Consulting Pvt. Ltd. For AMC
4.4.2 Factors for Selection of Treatment Technology
4.4.2.1 Compliance with the NGT standards
STP shall treat the sewage to the quality prescribed by NGT which includes biological nutrient
removal. Hence there shall be the improvement of the water quality of River Sabarmati. Also,
proposed upgradation shall avoid nuisance to the public due to the potential odor from the
STP. It is intended to adopt a treatment technology that should be sustainable and be capable
of overcoming the above-mentioned constraints and requirements. To achieve the above, it
has been decided to consider Suspended Growth systems such as A2O Process, Sequential
Batch Reactor (SBR), and Membrane Bioreactor (MBR).
4.4.2.2 Utilization of Existing Units and Process Reliability for Consistent Effluent Quality
The most important criterion for the selection of appropriate treatment technology is the
maximum availability of the Plant to give consistent adopted treated effluent quality for
discharge and reuse. The process should, preferably, be stable and resilient against shock
loading i.e., it should be able to continue operation and to produce acceptable treated effluent
quality under unusual conditions. Therefore, the System must accommodate the normal
inflow variations as well as infrequent, yet expected, more extreme conditions. This pertains
to the sewage characteristics (e.g., occasional illegal discharges, variations in flow and
concentrations, high or low temperatures, etc.).
4.4.2.3 Capital Cost
The second most important criterion for the selection of appropriate treatment technology is
“Not entailing excessive cost�? which implies that the financial cost should not be excessive in
relation to the financial capability of the Sector concerned and to the discharge standards or
environmental protection envisaged.
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4.4.2.4 Less Footprint Requirement
The third important criterion for the selection of appropriate treatment technology is the
minimum possible footprint requirement considering scarce land resources available in the
city.
4.4.2.5 Ease in Operation & Maintenance and Lower Associated Cost
The fourth important criterion for the selection of appropriate treatment technology is the
ease of operation and maintenance and lower associated cost. To operate and maintain an
STP, appropriate technical and managerial expertise must be available. Due to the scarcity of
qualified personnel in the field of wastewater treatment, operation and maintenance of the
technology should be trouble-free. In addition, the operation and maintenance cost should be
the least possible to avoid excessive burden on the urban bodies.
4.4.2.6 Proven Track Record of Operation in Indian climate
The selected treatment technology should have a very good track record of operation,
availability of expertise, and spare parts in India.
Recommendation
▪ As the SBR process is fully aerobic and will work as a perfect reactor that ensures 100%
treatment, thereby there is no odor nuisance. It also gives excellent Treated Quality by
Biological process alone to BOD5<10, TSS<10, Total Nitrogen (TN) <10, Total Phosphorus
(TP)≤1for municipal sewage of medium to high strength without adding Chemicals. SBR
may be an option to achieve the desired NGT Discharge Norms.
• A conventional ASP can be upgraded without increasing the footprint by opting for a
Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) to be inscribed in the aeration tank and duplicating the
hydraulic piping and pump sets and the primary clarifiers can be modified as rim-flow
clarifiers and secondary clarifiers inscribed with tube settlers. MBBR with Tertiary
Treatment may be an option to achieve the desired NGT Discharge Norms consideration
of disadvantages mentioned in Table 28 shall be made at the design stage.
• Area requirement for Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is less as compared to that required
for other alternatives. Further Tertiary Treatment is not required for MBR. MBR
technology is good and generates a high quality of effluent (5-7m years) but the capital
cost and O&M cost are very high. Membrane life is also short, and membranes need to
be replaced after a certain interval of time which has a high periodic cost.
• Existing ASP can be upgraded by modifying its variants such as SAF, SBR, MBBR, etc.
• The Inlet chamber should be equipped with an online sensor for managing the high
variability in the inlet water quality.
• Piping and pump material should be non-corrosive material.
• High Court of Gujarat has constituted a task force that is disconnecting all illegal industrial
connections to sewers. To avoid the issue of such mixing, a holding tank is recommended
with online monitoring of inlet sewage to avoid the failure of the pump and treatment
system.
Since the proposed subproject will be built on a DBOT model, the contractor will finalize the
design and update the ESIA and ESMP after the assessment of the final technology to ensure
the desired standards.
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Figure 36: Analysis of Alternatives
Though Feasibility Report suggests SBR as the best alternative, considering its exorbitantly high costs,
and possible issues related to required depths at existing tanks for SBR and hydraulic gradient which
may impact the flow of sewage and its resultant implications on the river, and worksite, it is suggested
that DBOT Procurement be Technology Agnostic – to focus on the Best Available Technology Option,
taking into account environmental, social and economic considerations. Explore all possible options
as well, including exploring whether existing technology can be upgraded as it is (ASP-based), with
additional tertiary treatment for biological nutrient removal. SBR can be considered concerning the
benefits regarding odour control, efficient sludge collection and biological process. The finalised
rehabilitation option is not likely to trigger LA/ IR impacts and risks or livelihoods losses as the present
site only will be utilised.
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CHAPTER 5. ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL RISKS AND
IMPACTS
5.1 Proposed Subproject details as per Feasibility Report
The sub-project is proposed for supporting efficient sewage treatment for Western Zone -1
covering approximately 153km2 area of AMC. The area of Southwest Zone and Northwest
Zone between SG Highway and SP Ring Road, Motera, Chandkheda, Chenpur, Gota, Jagatpur,
Bopal, Shilaj, Bhadaj, and newly added AUDA area in AMC falls under this zone. The entire
sewage from this zone is ultimately conveyed to a centralized 240 MLD STP at Vasna. The
estimated contributing population for this zone is about 0.76 million. As per the SCADA
records, about 220 MLD sewage is generated at present in this zone. Details are provided in
section 1.3 of this report.
FR recommends limiting the capacities of STP based on the adequacy of existing Trunk outfall
sewers. The additional capacity can be built in the subsequent phase once the outcome of the
feasibility of allied infrastructure and end-to-end connectivity is ensured, and the ongoing
Master Planning exercise is complete. The capacity of STP is recommended as 240 MLD which
is the existing capacity of the STP.
FR has suggested 4 alternatives (refer to section 4.4) for the proposed STP rehabilitation of
which Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) technology has key advantages such as:
▪ Complete treatment in a single basin: Separate chambers are not required as in the case
of an ASP-based STP.
▪ Very Robust and Consistent performance for changing Influent Loads
▪ Excellent Treated Quality by Biological process alone to BOD5<10, TSS<10, Total Nitrogen
(TN) <10, Total Phosphorus (TP)≤1for municipal sewage of medium to high strength
without adding Chemicals.
▪ Lowest Footprint/ Land required
▪ Power savings at rated capacity and lower organic and hydraulic loads with the help of DO
control in the SBR basin.
▪ Easy to operate the plant as the design provides for advancing the cycles for storm/ heavy
monsoon conditions too.
▪ Separation of Mixing and Aeration equipment for providing separate time zones for
Aerobic and Anoxic Process to achieve Denitrification/ Phosphorus reduction and BOD
reduction and Nitrification respectively.
▪ As the SBR process is fully aerobic and will work as a perfect reactor that ensures 100%
treatment, thereby there is no odor nuisance.
Though Feasibility Report suggests SBR as the best alternative, considering its exorbitantly high costs,
it is suggested that the DBOT Procurement be Technology Agnostic – to focus on the Best Available
Technology Option to explore all possible options and in consideration of the environmental, social
and economic considerations.
5.2 Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts of the Subproject
The following list is an outline of the environmental and social impacts that are expected to occur:
• Risks and Impacts on water quality of the river
• Risks and Impacts on air quality
• Noise pollution
• Risks and Impacts on soil
• Risks and Impacts on Biodiversity
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• Impact on socio-economic aspects of the surrounding community including impacts due to labor
influx, community safety and increased GBV and SEA/ SH risks
• Potential impacts on health and safety
• Impacts of discharge from STP on adjoining communities, especially during construction phase
• Risks and Impacts on community health and safety due to access road construction of 150 m.
Usually, subprojects involve several interdependent facilities and activities mentioned above. The
impacts of allied facilities may become relevant and will be identified during the detailed design stage
and C-ESIA/ C-ESMP will be newly prepared/updated then incorporating risks and impacts on these.
This subproject is aimed at improving the environmental quality and overall quality of life of the city
by improving the existing STP to ensure the latest standards/ guidelines are set as per regulations.
Hence, the overall impact would be beneficial to the people of Ahmedabad and those downstream of
the receiving water bodies. Most of the risks will be limited and largely localized, temporary i.e., during
the construction stage.
5.3 Impact Assessment Methodology
The methodology to assess the impacts at the subproject level is presented here. Impacts are assessed
based on Magnitude, Duration, Significance, and Likelihood of the impacts and Sensitivity of the
receptors.
5.3.1 Magnitude and Duration of Impacts
The assessment of magnitude is undertaken in two steps. First, the key issues associated with the
subproject are categorized as beneficial or adverse. Second, potential impacts shall be categorized as
High, Average, Low, or negligible based on consideration of the parameters such as:
• Temporal extent (duration) and the likelihood of the potential impact;
• The spatial extent of the potential impact;
• Reversibility of the Impact;
• Likelihood of the impacts
The magnitude of the potential impacts of the subproject is identified according to the categories
outlined in Table 31 .
Table 31: Aspects for Determining the Magnitude of Impacts
Aspects Magnitude
Duration of the Long term (more than Medium Term - Short Term - 1 to Temporary - with
potential impact 20 years) The lifespan of the 2 years or less no detectable
Program (5 years) than the lifespan potential impact
of the project
The spatial Regional – much beyond City - Beyond Site - Within Micro - A specific
extent of the project boundaries immediate Project project site location within the
potential impact components, site boundary project component
boundaries, or local with no detectable
area potential impact
Reversibility of Irreversible - Potential Largely Reversible- Reversible - No change -
potential impact (including Potential impact Baseline returns Baseline remains
impacts positive impact) is requires a year or so Naturally or with constant
effectively permanent, with some limited
requiring considerable interventions to intervention
intervention to return to return to baseline within a few
baseline months
Likelihood of Certain - Commonly Likely - Usually seen Occasional - Unlikely to occur
potential occurs under typical occurring under most Occurs under
situations abnormal,
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Aspects Magnitude
impacts operating or exceptional, or
occurring construction conditions emergency
conditions
5.3.2 Sensitivity of Receptor
The sensitivity of a receptor shall be determined based on a review of the population
(including proximity/numbers/vulnerability) and the presence of features on the site or the
surrounding area. The criteria for determining receptor sensitivity of the program’s potential
impacts are outlined in Table 30.
Table 32: Criteria for Determining Sensitivity
Sensitivity Levels Description
High The vulnerable receptor with little or no capacity to absorb proposed changes
or minimal/limited opportunities for mitigation
Medium The vulnerable receptor with some capacity to absorb proposed changes or
moderate opportunities for mitigation
Low The vulnerable receptor with good capacity to absorb proposed changes or/
and good opportunities for mitigation
Negligible Non-vulnerable receptor
5.3.3 Significance of the impact
The significance of potential impacts is established using the impact significance matrix shown
in Table 31 below.
Table 33: Assessment of Significance of Negative and Positive Impacts
Aspects Sensitivity/ Vulnerability/ Importance of Resource/ Receptor
Low Medium High
magnitude of
Negligible Negligible Negligible Minor
Negative
Impact
Low Negligible Minor Moderate
The
Medium Minor Moderate Major
High Moderate Major Major
The magnitude
Negligible Negligible Negligible Minor
of Positive
Impact
Low Negligible Minor Moderate
Medium Minor Moderate Major
High Moderate Major Major
5.3.4 Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts in Local Area
5.3.4.1 ESS 1: ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF E&S RISKS AND IMPACTS
As all the proposed major structural interventions are within the STP or TSPS sites or their structures,
no direct adverse impacts are envisaged on physiography or land use. Road repairs and upgradation
may create temporary impacts to people and traffic during the construction and maintenances stages,
which could be managed through traffic diversions, information to communities, barricading and
safety precautions (for communities and workers), and watch and ward in important areas. Proposed
subproject involves construction activities including civil, electromechanical, and painting works
requiring labour-intensive works in the odorous area near sewage/ waste water, and their stay at the
site for about 3 years, treatment of sewage as is, along with new construction/ modifications required
for technology upgradation, discharge of treated water and disposal of sludge and other wastes
including construction and demolition (C&D) wastes, use of resources such as water and power during
construction, pollution generation from storage and handling of material, use of paints and other
chemicals for construction activities, transportation of raw materials, wastes and sludge, reuse of
treated water for irrigation, will pose risks and impacts. Work requires very detailed and clear
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sequential planning, scheduling as the existing operations shall not suffer during construction works.
The activities will be labour-intensive with risks of accidents such as working at heights, excavations,
work in enclosed areas, and activities near ponded sewage in large tanks . Impacts and risks are
mainly during the construction phase and area assessed as moderate which can be managed by
following regulations, adopting best practices for similar projects, training of staff/manpower; and
ensuring avoidance, monitoring, and implementation of mitigation measures.
As all the proposed structural interventions are within the STP premises or its structure, no direct
adverse impacts are envisaged on communities including on the disadvantaged or vulnerable people.
There may be indirect impacts on communities such as increased access for traffic and pedestrian
movement due to improved road, increased labor opportunities, availability of lights during evening
and nights, discharge from STP on adjoining communities, especially during construction phase,
impacts due to labor influx including increased risk of GBV and SEA. Therefore, project will need to
make extra efforts to reach out through stakeholder engagement and effective GRM, to the
disadvantaged and vulnerable persons and groups to involve them in both preparation and
implementation. However, there may be indirect impacts such as better accessibility due to access
road construction, enhanced safety and security due to project activities, provision of sanitation
facilities in Juhapura, etc. on communities especially as the project will need to make extra efforts to
reach out to the disadvantaged and vulnerable persons and groups to involve them in both
preparation and implementation.
The rehabilitation proposed involves only structural upgradation of some components, replacing some
machinery, and heavy maintenance. Since works will be carried out in the existing STP site, where
operation of STP will go hand in hand with construction/ rehabilitation works; in this narrative, both
construction and operation stage impact and risks are discussed together in this section. Since the
works happen in existing STP premises, long-term impacts and risks on land use, erosion,
sedimentation and biodiversity impacts are not expected. The river is practically dry during the most
period of the year, and it is modified without any native riparian cover except invasive species.
The proposed subproject involves various activities during the construction and operation phases. The
process of identifying potential impacts for each environmental parameter was carried out using
quantitative and qualitative methods and will be used as the basis for determining the mitigation that
must be carried out to minimize and prevent impacts. The potential environmental and social risks
and impacts of the proposed project in the local area on water quality and quantity, air quality, soil,
noise levels, and socioeconomic aspects of the area were assessed as part of ESS 1 and are as follows.
Construction and Operation stage impacts and risks under each of applicable ESSs
5.3.4.2 ESS 2: LABOUR AND WORKING CONDITIONS
AMC will contract agencies or DBOT contractors to design, undertake civil works, agencies/ firms to
support core functions; primary suppliers of material/ equipment, and other implementation support
partners. These agencies' contractors or consultants could be from anywhere in the country.
Construction works will require a labor force and associated goods and services. Based on contract
sizes and the project implementation schedule, the construction workforce/ manpower has been
estimated as 200 for Vasna 240 STP rehabilitation. These will be the skilled and semi-skilled workforce
of contractors who will stay in or near the site mostly (or in the city) for a construction period of 3
years this DBOT contractor (or usually subcontractors) set up their machinery and plants required at
the worksite/ pre-determined and approved other sites in agreement with AMC. In addition, there
will be suppliers, transporters of material, and their labor who will float in and out of the site during
the work period.
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The sub-project shall comprise the following types of workers:
1. Direct workers: Direct workers will include the project managers and supervisors, who are
employees of AMC. As per the structure of PIU and AMC drainage Department, the
estimated number of direct workers is not likely to exceed 10.
2. Contracted workers: Entire workforce deployed by the Contractors are considered as
contracted workers. The Contractor(s) might further engage multiple subcontractors,
whose workforce engaged will also be contracted workers. As per the current work
scenario in India and Gujarat, these may also include Migrant workers
Migrant Workers: The migrant workers are those who are employed for the subproject
but do not belong to the Project region and are not normally expected to return to their
places of residence after work hours. The number of migrant workers in any contract
package would depend on multiple reasons including preference of contractors/
subcontractors to source labor, worker unavailability in the area for the purpose, and lack
of technical skills and capacity. The migrant workers could be at all levels and include
unskilled and semiskilled construction labor and may include male and women labor
force. The migrant workers are either directly engaged by the contractor or through labor
contractors, who supply the workforce as per the needs of the contractors.
3. Primary Supply Workers: No primary supplier or primary supply workers are anticipated
as all goods and services essential to the core functions of the project shall be provided
by the contractor as per the DBOT contract which will be agreed with AMC.
4. Community Workers: Community workers are not envisaged. Implementation of
Emergency Action Plans (EAPs) for Disaster Management, will be supported by broader
community involvement.
For the existing STP operation, there are 64 total staff/ workers including working in three shifts in the
STP. There is no accommodation or arrangements of residing in the STP for STP staff and workers.
Health and safety impacts on workers is expected during the construction period as STP will be in
operation and construction of the new STP will be undertaken within the STP premises. There may be
environment, occupational health and safety concerns. AMC/ Design consultant have proposed a 3
months period for handholding and taking over and DBOT staff will do both STP operations and
construction activities to reduce risks and integrating and streamlining the operations and
construction activities within the premises simultaneously.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
With the high population density and the metropolitan nature of the city, it has many vehicles,
industrial and commercial activities which results in various sources of urban air pollution in the city.
The proposed subproject activities may potentially impact the air quality during construction,
operations, and maintenance of sub-projects with the addition of construction vehicles, construction
activities, use of machinery, and fuel combustion. In addition, the odor may emanate from STP
processes/ release of gases, use of chemicals, sludge, and treated sewage and may impact the
communities near STPs, pumping stations, and discharge points.
The most significant Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards associated with the Rehabilitation
of existing STPs occur during the construction phase and include activities with moderate risk for
workers if not managed adequately are listed below. These apply to workers/ laborers engaged in the
implementation of the subproject. Expected negative impacts and risks due to various components of
the proposed subproject are as follows:
Operation of Existing STP, Demolition activities and Construction of new STP
▪ Safety issues like injuries/ accidents leading to injuries and or fatalities due to lack of PPEs,
adequate safety precautions and non-compliance with SoPs. Working at heights on the
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top of STP (esp. when railing is absent or removed), falls from elevation associated with
working with ladders, scaffolding, and partially built or demolished structures
▪ Removal of any large built structures, machinery or equipment and resultant over
exertions and manual handling, potential fall of materials or tools, as well as ejection of
solid particles from abrasive or other types of power tools which can result in injury to the
head, eyes, and extremities.
▪ Use of heavy machinery, cranes, JCB, electrical equipment with non-compliance to safety
procedure and SoPs for hazards like physical contact, spills, dust, emissions, and noise.
Heavy equipment operators have limited fields of view close to their equipment and may
not see pedestrians close to the vehicle. Center-articulated vehicles create a significant
impact or crush hazard zone on the outboard side of a turn while moving.
▪ Slip and fall associated with poor housekeeping, such as excessive waste debris, loose
construction materials, tools, liquid spills, and uncontrolled use of electrical cords and
ropes on the ground
▪ Exposure to sludge, waste screenings, dust, during dismantling, fumes/ burns from any
chemicals, etc utilized in any of the structures/machinery.
▪ Safety issues like injuries/ accidents leading to injuries and or fatalities due to lack of PPEs,
adequate safety precautions and noncompliance with SoPs.
▪ Working near impounded sewage and sludge as in STP tanks with risk of fall/drown, odor
nuisance, gaseous emissions (toxic gas inhalation), pathogenic agents
▪ Working in confined spaces, for example, during deepening of tanks; especially when
water table is low. Confined spaces include: sewers, pipes, and access shafts, ditches and
trenches
▪ Working with heavy machinery, including Thickener cum Dewatering machine (COTDM)
feed sump, transformer, UV channel, Belt filter press, Construct MC3 (1 no.) consists of
Transformer, Blower room, MCC Room etc.
▪ Working with electricity/ electrical installations, appurtenances
▪ Signages for proposed construction areas and operation areas to prevent access of
restricted area by untrained labor/ workers.
▪ Working near ponded sewage as in STP tanks with risk of fall/ drown, odor nuisance,
gaseous emissions (toxic gas inhalation), pathogenic agents
Repair works at TSPS
▪ Safety issues like injuries/ accidents leading to injuries and or fatalities due to lack of PPEs,
adequate safety precautions and non-compliance with SoPs.
▪ Working with heavy machinery, including Thickener cum Dewatering machine (COTDM)
feed sump, transformer, UV channel, Belt filter press, Construct MC3 (1 no.) consists of
Transformer, Blower room, MCC Room etc.
▪ Working with electricity/ electrical installations, appurtenances
▪ Working near Sewage/ Wastewater
Green house model, Sludge drying, Solar Rooftop and connection to Grid
▪ Safety issues like injuries/accidents leading to injuries and or fatalities due to lack of PPEs,
adequate safety precautions and non-compliance with SoPs.
▪ Working near sludge tanks with risk of fall/ drown, odor nuisance, gaseous emissions
(toxic gas inhalation), pathogenic agents
▪ Works near hazardous/ electronic / electrical constituents, chords, appliances
▪ Multiple handling of sludge, which may have pathogens/ coliforms and working in
greenhouse with high moisture, temperature, pathogens
▪ Generation, Storage and Disposal of end-of-life solar panels which contains hazardous
constituents
▪ Handling of broken solar panels during repairs
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▪ Lack of use of PPEs/ protection measures
Labour camp
▪ Inadequate or lack of facilities and amenities at worker camp, including drinking water,
sanitation, fuel, proper ventilation, crowding, lighting, etc.
▪ Safety and Security issues
▪ Lack of medical facilities for injuries, accidents, ill health and pandemic related facilities
such as treatment, isolation, testing, medical care, sanitizing quarters, etc.
▪ Stray animals, snake and scorpion bites related aspects for health and safety.
Common Risks & Impacts
▪ inadvertent or intentional trespassing, including potential contact with hazardous
materials, contaminated soils and other environmental media, buildings that are vacant
or under construction, or excavations and structures which may pose falling and
entrapment hazards
▪ Using vehicles on public and project roads, resultant accidents/injuries
▪ Exposure to dust, noise (resulting in disturbances and hearing loss), the sun, heat and wet
weather
▪ Working with hazardous materials such as chemicals (if in excess quantity), fuels, cement.
▪ Long term effects on life due to exposure to chemical/ hazardous wastes
▪ Exposure to illnesses, communicable diseases, COVID-19
▪ Exposure to mental or physical harassment, SEA/SH, and injury from interpersonal
conflicts.
▪ Exposure to floods, earthquakes, and other natural and manmade disasters
▪ Considering the vegetation growth, snake or scorpion bite may occur during construction
or operations. Presence of any other wildlife during any construction or demolition
activities.
▪ Inadequate accommodation facilities and amenities at labour camps, including
inadequate sanitation and health facilities at work site.
▪ Non-payment of wages and lack of compliance to mandatory labour related requirements
▪ Discrimination in Employment (e.g., abrupt termination of the employment, working
conditions, wages or benefits etc.)
▪ Sexual harassment at work
▪ Security of women work force
▪ Absence or inadequate or inaccessible emergency response system for rescue of labour/
workforce in situations of natural calamities.
▪ Health risks of labour relating to HIV/ AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases
Other risks that would be applicable for all types of workers would be as follows:
▪ Unclear terms and conditions of employment
▪ Discrimination and denial of equal opportunity in hiring and promotions/ incentives/
training opportunities
▪ Denial for workers’ rights to form worker’s organizations
▪ Absence of a grievance mechanism for labor to seek redressal of their grievances/ issues
Wastewater treatment facility operators may be exposed to physical, chemical, and biological hazards
depending on the design of the facilities and the types of wastewater effluents managed. Examples of
these hazards include the potential for trips and falls into tanks, confined space entries for
maintenance operations, and inhalation of VOCs, bioaerosols, and methane, contact with pathogens
and vectors, and use of potentially hazardous chemicals, including chlorine, sodium and calcium
hypochlorite, and ammonia.
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Project workers are likely to be exposed to the above identified risks over the estimated 3 years of
construction. Workers with low experience of working on similar construction project are expected to
be more vulnerable as their skillsets, experience and understanding of health and safety will probably
be limited compared to the skilled workers who will have worked on similar projects and have
sufficient training. However, the project site in the city of Ahmedabad with many health care facilities
near the site. Here, services from emergency first-aid response to Quaternary care are available within
2 km distance.
OHS Risks of common construction activities during various work stages are presented in Annexure
IV. Mitigation measures are presented in ESMP.
Positive Impacts
The subproject will provide opportunities for workers and improve their economic and overall
development. It will also give a fillip to the economy through its upstream-downstream linkages,
especially, material procurement, job opportunities in the surrounding area by triggering the
establishment of many small local shops, and service providers during the construction period, some
of which may continue after this period. Unskilled and semi-skilled labor work can be sourced from
the squatter settlement as per availability and willingness of labor. Women can also be hired for
specific tasks from the squatter settlement. Since the settlement is nearby some women may be
willing to work on-site as labor.
It will also trigger improvement in working conditions (Use of safe work practices, Fire Safety and
Disaster Management, awareness on the need to follow safe practices, health camps/checkups, Covid
appropriate behavior, labor camp management, and facilities), Odor and air quality of local area will
improve actually because now odor & overall odor and air quality of the local area, thus influencing
the work culture of the area positively and improving health of workers in this site and neighboring
STPs, and metro depot and other facilities.
OHS Risk management strategies
▪ Training of workers in lifting and materials handling techniques including the placement
of weight limits above which mechanical assists or two-person lifts are necessary
▪ Planning work site layout to minimize the need for manual transfer of heavy loads
▪ Selecting tools and designing workstations that reduce force requirements and holding
times, and which promote improved postures, including, where applicable, user
adjustable workstations
▪ Implementing administrative controls into work processes such as job rotations and rest
or stretch breaks Implementing good house-keeping practices, such as the sorting and
placing loose construction materials or demolition debris in established areas away from
foot paths
▪ Cleaning up excessive waste debris and liquid spills regularly
▪ Locating electrical cords and ropes in common areas and marked corridors
▪ Use of slip retardant footwear If fall hazards exist, a fall protection plan should be in place
▪ Training and use of temporary fall prevention devices, such as rails or other barriers able
to support a weight of 100 Kg, when working at heights equal or greater than two meters
or at any height if the risk includes falling into operating machinery, into water or other
liquid, into hazardous substances, or through an opening in a work surface
▪ Training and use of personal fall arrest systems, such as full body harnesses and energy
absorbing lanyards able to support 2250 kg as well as fall rescue procedures to deal with
workers whose fall has been successfully arrested. The tie in point of the fall arresting
system should also be able to support 2250 kg
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▪ Use of control zones and safety monitoring systems to warn workers of their proximity to
fall hazard zones, as well as securing, marking, and labeling covers for openings in floors,
roofs, or walking surfaces
▪ Using a designated and restricted waste drop or discharge zones, and/ or a demarcated
lift/ chute for safe movement of wastes from upper to lower levels
▪ Conducting sawing, cutting, grinding, sanding, chipping or chiseling with proper guards
and anchoring as applicable
▪ Maintaining clear traffic ways to avoid driving of heavy equipment over loose scrap
▪ Use of temporary fall protection measures in scaffolds and out edges of elevated work
surfaces, such as handrails and toe boards to prevent materials from being dislodged
▪ Evacuating work areas during blasting operations, and using blast mats or other means
of deflection to minimize fly rock or ejection of demolition debris if work is conducted in
proximity to people or structures
▪ Wearing appropriate PPE, such as safety glasses with side shields, face shields, hard hats,
and safety shoes
▪ Planning and segregating the location of vehicle traffic, machine operation, and walking
areas, and controlling vehicle traffic through the use of one-way traffic routes,
establishment of speed limits, planning traffic movement with Local traffic Police
Department, and on-site trained flag-people wearing high-visibility vests or outer
clothing covering to direct traffic
▪ Ensuring the visibility of personnel through their use of high visibility vests when working
in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas, and training of workers to verify
eye contact with equipment operators before approaching the operating vehicle
▪ Ensuring moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms
▪ Using inspected and well-maintained lifting devices that are appropriate for the load,
such as cranes, and securing loads when lifting them to higher job-site elevations.
▪ Dust suppression techniques should be implemented, such as applying water or non-
toxic chemicals to minimize dust from vehicle movements
▪ PPE, such as dusk masks, should be used where dust levels are excessive the use of
excavation dewatering, sidewalls support, and slope gradient adjustments that eliminate
or minimize the risk of collapse, entrapment, or drowning
▪ Providing safe means of access and egress from excavations, such as graded slopes,
graded access route, or stairs and ladders
▪ Avoiding the operation of combustion equipment for prolonged periods inside
excavations areas where other workers are required to enter unless the area is actively
ventilated
▪ Use of specially trained personnel to identify and remove waste materials from tanks,
vessels, processing equipment or contaminated materials (as in STP tanks, pumps)
▪ Use of specially trained personnel to identify and selectively remove potentially
hazardous materials in building elements Prior to dismantling or demolition for example,
insulation or structural elements containing asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls
(PCBs), electrical components containing mercury
▪ Use of waste-specific PPE based on the results of an occupational health and safety
assessment, including respirators, clothing/ protective suits, gloves and eye protection
▪ Awareness and Use of PPEs while working with Solar panels
▪ Storage of end-of-life solar panels, without impact on communities
▪ Description of response activities for life and fire safety, in the event of a spill, release,
emergencies, disasters especially floods
▪ Definition and implementation of permitted maintenance activities, such as hot work or
confined space entries
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▪ Provision of suitable personal protection equipment (PPE) (footwear, masks, protective
clothing and goggles in appropriate areas), emergency eyewash and shower stations,
ventilation systems, and sanitary facilities
▪ Monitoring and record-keeping activities, including audit procedures designed to verify
and record the effectiveness of prevention and control of exposure to occupational
hazards, and maintaining accident and incident investigation reports on file
▪ Fire resistant, noise-absorbing materials should be used for cladding on ceilings and
walls of offices, rest areas on site
▪ Create safe refuges on site for people to gather safety in case of emergencies, shut
down construction activities during heavy floods/ disasters and wait for authority’s
advice
▪ Provide required facilities on site and ensure livable conditions in labour camp if any:
lighting, ventilation, safe structures, water, sanitation (with water supply), first aid,
food/ potable water, awareness and workers shall be well trained, and emergency
contacts/ support, and health checkups shall be arranged
▪ Proper design measures to prevent OHS impacts (example: on rotating moving,
oscillating, other equipment)
▪ Leachate management from sludge, ventilation of Greenhouse facility and health
checkup for workers
▪ L&FS Master Plan to be prepared, implemented
5.3.4.3 ESS 3: RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
Impact on Physiography
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
As per the current Feasibility Report, the construction work will be minor, mainly within the existing
footprint and hence impacts are not expected on physiography. During the detailed design stage,
considering the lack of available space on site, it is important to see if any nearby site would be
required/ used for material storage, demolition waste or setting up of labor camp. Site for material
storage and labor camp shall be identified by DBOT contractor and get approval from AMC based on
the quantum, duration, and type of material required to be stored. Impacts will be accordingly
analysed for such sites, and ESIA updated.
Positive Impacts
There will be no significant impact on the physiography of the region due to the proposed subproject
which is the rehabilitation of an existing STP within its original site. This is important considering the
proximity of the site to River Sabarmati.
Impact on Land/Geology
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
Risks and impacts on land and geology will be limited to sourcing of construction material or related
to the disposal of demolition and construction waste, sludge, and other wastes only. The civil works
will require different materials such as earth, aggregate, boulders, and sand, in specified quantities
and will be sourced from already operational and approved quarries and suppliers. Large extent of the
land dedicated for solar panel-based drying of sludge is a concern, there may be impacts on ground
cover, and chances of contamination due to leachate if not properly collected and treated.
Positive Impacts
Overall positive impacts of the subproject include better resource efficiency in material sourcing; with
less need for quarrying or sourcing materials as against the situation where the entire STP is
reconstructed. The various ‘resource efficacy’ considerations during the design stage will include
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recycling and optimizing usage of material, use of alternate energy, construction, and other waste
generated from rehabilitation activities and thereby reduce potential impact due to dumping
(example: recycling and reuse of demolished materials in the C&D waste management facility of AMC,
use of recycled products from the C&D waste management facility for proposed works). These will
ensure overall minimal land impacts. In addition, all wastes will be managed in line with applicable
regulations and best practices.
The bidders who will require minimal electricity usage for the plant shall be given preference and the
project shall ensure replacing high energy-consuming equipment.
Impact on Soil
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
There will be minor impacts on soil due to rehabilitation and demolition works especially spillage of
sewage, materials, oil, chemicals, and wastes generated including contaminated parts. There is also
the possibility of contamination of soil from leakage and spillage during the handling and storage of
fuels and chemicals. It is not expected that there will be good quality topsoil from excavations, as it
is the reconstruction of existing STPs. In case good quality soil is excavated, these shall be stored with
tarpaulins to avoid erosion. Existing components such as sludge drying beds should be emptied and
disinfected if and as required before upgradation to prevent contamination and pollution of the soil.
Existing sewage and sludge should be treated before disposal as per guidelines.
Demolition of some existing structures and units STP
▪ Spillage of sewage, materials, oil, chemicals, and wastes generated due to ongoing STP
operations, and proposed upgradation during construction activities
▪ Storing of debris, excavated material and dismantled machinery and equipment, in
inappropriate manner, leading to soil contamination and pollution
▪ Contamination of soil due to C&D waste
▪ Contaminated land due to current use, to be de-contaminated for any other future use
Construction of STP
▪ Spillage of sewage, materials, oil, chemicals, and wastes generated
▪ Contamination of soil due to solid waste disposal inappropriately, improper storage of
construction materials, and goods.
Repair works at TSPS
▪ Spillage of sewage, materials, oil, chemicals, and wastes generated
▪ Contamination of soil due to solid waste disposal inappropriately, improper storage of
construction materials and goods.
Green house model Solar drying of sludge, Solar rooftop
▪ Contractor should undertake the activity of maintenance of solar drying beds.
▪ Leaching of sludge in soil
▪ Large extent of land dedicated for greenhouse purposes
▪ Land/Soil contamination during maintenance and cleaning of panels, and storage of
damaged solar panels used in solar roof top
Labour camp
▪ Contamination of soil due to inadequate facilities/amenities and unhygienic practices in
labour camp
Common Risks & Impacts
▪ Leakage/ leachate from storage of raw material and chemicals
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Positive Impacts
Minimal disturbance to soil is expected as the works are mainly rehabilitation of existing STP.
However, the overall soil quality of the region will improve as the subproject aims to improve
discharge quality and sludge management. All the construction debris needs to be stored well not to
contaminate the soil and disposed of in a planned manner to avoid adverse impacts on soil. Waste
storage, storage area for construction material and labour camp shall be identified by DBOT
contractor and get approval from AMC. In the current Feasibility Report, details on storage areas for
various wastes are not available. Hence, during detailed design stage, considering the limited space
on site, it is important to see if any nearby site (preferably available land in STP’s sites next door for
material storage) and appropriate land for setting up labour camp. Impacts will be accordingly
analysed for such sites by DBOT contractor and updated in ESIA & ESMP.
Impact of Material Handling and Waste Generation
During the construction phase, construction materials will be stockpiled within the existing campus.
This might leach into the nearby environment through stormwater, or wind and pollute the air, nearby
buildings (as dust), water bodies, or land. Waste screenings, bio, and non-biodegradable wastes,
sludge are the wastes generated during the operation phase. During construction and maintenance,
there will be needed to manage construction and demolition wastes, e-wastes (as in electrical parts),
hazardous wastes (as in asbestos of old pipes, sheets used), or chemicals.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
Construction of STP
▪ During construction phase, construction materials will be stockpiled within the existing
campus. This might leach into nearby environment through storm water, or wind and
pollute the air, nearby buildings (as dust), water bodies or land.
Operation of STP
▪ Waste screenings, bio and non-biodegradable wastes, sludge are the wastes generated
during operation phase. This will also be pertinent during construction phase, as existing
STP will be operating in one part of the site
▪ There can be chances of spillage while working on parts of STP proposed for demolition
Repair works at TSPS
▪ During construction phase, construction materials will be stockpiled within the existing
campus. This might leach into nearby environment through storm water, or wind and
pollute the air, nearby buildings (as dust), water bodies or land.
▪ There is possibility of accidental flow of sewage while working in TSPS
Solid Waste and Biomedical Wastes from Labour colonies and Site
Workers, especially migrants may reside in the area during the peak construction period. The camp
must not be set up in Vasna STP premises. It is suggested that stay arrangements are made at least at
a distance of 100m from the existing STPs complex and 150m from the river edge. Camp, from where
it is easier to access the site preferably without crossing the road or using vehicular transport. It is
recommended to arrange sanitary and solid waste management facilities at the labor colonies to avoid
water and land pollution, odor issues, and health impacts. There will also be an influx of laborers and
other service providers into the project area. One of the areas which need close attention in this
regard is the squatter settlement next door. It is essential that from the planning stage, sewage
management and solid waste disposal facilities should be conceptualized to maintain the health of
the people and the environment. The solid waste generated from the colonies during the construction
phase will be segregated and properly stored, collected, transited, treated, and disposed of as per
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Solid Wastes Management Rules, 2016, in AMCs existing facilities for bio and non-biodegradable
wastes. The contractor shall arrange a first aid box at the site and shall arrange medical facilities,
medical check-ups/ camps to labor at the site especially during accident/ emergency which is likely to
generate bio-medical waste. Though the quantity is not expected to be significant, this needs to be
channelized to the Biomedical waste management facility at appropriate intervals to avoid
indiscriminate dumping.
C&D Wastes
As most of the proposed activities involve repair and renovation, it is expected that construction and
demolition waste will be generated, much of this will be contaminated, as it is part of an STP.
Quantities shall be estimated during detailed design by DBOT contractor; and decontamination and
disposal shall be arranged as per Construction and Demolition Waste Rules, 2016.
E-wastes, metals, plastics, hazardous wastes, and Batteries
Project interventions include a substantial amount of electro-mechanical work such as transformer
replacement, solar rooftop system, and sludge drying, providing standby generators; upgrading,
removal, and newly installing electrical connections, machinery, decommissioning and commissioning
of pump sets and other appurtenances, etc. These activities will generate a significant amount of
waste in terms of e-waste, batteries, replaced metal and plastics parts and fixtures, packaging
material, empty containers, use and disposal of oil & grease, iron scrap, etc. some of which may be
hazardous. It is important to segregate and store these on-site in proper receptacles or demarcated
areas, and collect, transport, recycle and dispose of as per Plastic/ E-waste/ Hazardous Waste
Management Rules. AMC confirms that there is no historic asbestos use on-site or in TSPS, and no
asbestos will be encountered. However, the possibility is not fully ruled out considering the age of the
plant, and that the access road is proposed to be upgraded. Appropriate SOPs shall be adopted to
manage asbestos waste. The subproject will not support buying of any material containing asbestos
for any purpose. Solar drying and rooftop system shall be encouraged only in case proper disposal of
end-of-life panels is ensured.
Pollution due to special work types
Special works near the river or canal, including strengthening of the outfall structures if included
during the detailed design stage, need special considerations to minimize possible pollution. Works
shall happen after information to downstream users and work area cordoning and work schedule shall
be responsive to the climate, flow, and downstream uses.
Positive Impacts
The waste generation will be minimal as the subproject is on rehabilitation of existing STP when
compared to a situation where the entire STP is demolished and reconstructed.
The project would also need to address the management of materials (such as construction materials,
chemicals used for STP operations, fuels, paints etc.) solid (screenings, wastes, sludge, construction
and demolition (C&D) wastes, e-waste from electro-mechanical equipment) and liquid waste (from
construction activities, run-offs, waste water/ sewage from labour camp, leachate from sludge,
treated sewage, accidental leakage of untreated sewage) generated during the construction and
operation phases. Contractor will prepare management plans (OHS, CHS, Waste Management etc)
and implement the same.
All wastes will be managed following National regulations and WB EHS: C&D wastes will be sent to
the AMC C&D waste management facility where it is converted into useful products for recycling back
for construction purposes; some of those will be used in the construction purposes and site
development for this subproject thus ensuring resource efficiency. Screenings, plastics and wastes will
be treated and disposed at AMCs solid waste management facility. Machines/equipment’s will be
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auctioned to authorised recyclers. E-waste including Solar panels will be sent to GPCB approved e-
waste recyclers and all these requirements will be made part of DBOT contract. Site and material
storage areas will be provided with cut off drains to collect and treat liquid wastes. Standards
suggested by national guidelines for sludge quality and WB EHS will be followed. Sludge will be
monitored and sent to AMCs Sludge Hygienisation facility.
The contractor and AMC will prepare and follow subproject specific debris/ waste management plan
as per applicable regulations also with an attention to encourage recycling/ upcycling on-site or reuse
and thus better resource efficiency. The reuse of upcycled wastes will have an overall positive impact
on resources.
Impacts on Water Resources and Quality
The proposed subproject is not expected to impact drainage patterns or water resources (ground or
surface) in any way as they are neither crossing, altering, disturbing drainage patterns nor using
groundwater resources. The water for construction will be sourced from existing supply by AMC and
as such requirements will be limited. However, the use of water resources will be optimized before
the start of work through the application of Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention techniques
which will include optimal use planning, recycle and reuse options. Possible reuse of treated water for
construction after chlorination will be explored. Water may be reused for irrigation by supply through
Fatehwadi Canal if treated effluent from STP meets the treated water quality prescribed by GPCB for
disposal to Canal and necessary permits by the GPCB.
The DBOT contractor will prepare project-specific water use and water balance analysis based on
detailed design and prepare an action plan for water conservation, recycling/ reuse, and management
and submit it to PIU for approval.
No construction activity will be carried out on the river and hence physical changes on the river are
not expected. No water will be sourced from rivers or wells for construction as the site already has
piped water supply from AMC which or through tankers will be sourced for construction works.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
Possible negative Impacts and risks on water quality include:
Rehabilitation/ Upgradation of STP
▪ Bypass of untreated sewage during construction activities or emergencies ; from STP or
TSPS. The feasibility report indicates that TSPS has a diversion mechanism for wet weather
flows and that STP shall have equalization capacity for increased monsoon discharges. It
is important to ensure that no water is bypassed during repairs or monsoons.
Construction of STP
▪ The possible flow of improperly stacked construction materials into the river
▪ Sediment (fine) in stormwater run-off into the river from in and around open/ exposed
work areas, roads
▪ Sediment (fine and coarse) from spoil disposal and stockpiles (in areas selected for
stockpiling & spoil disposal) carried by stormwater run-off
▪ High pH suspended solids from cement storage and concrete batching areas
▪ Hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and nutrients, from spills, deliberate discharge, and poor
storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous materials, fuels, and waste oils, including
those that may induce pH changes.
▪ Mixing of sewage with floodwaters
▪ Contamination due to operation of machineries near water bodies
Repairs works at TSPS
▪ Solid waste from littering and poor handling of waste in the workplace, labor camps
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▪ Organic material, pathogenic bacteria, and nutrients from poor siting and management
of the Contractor’s sewage treatment facilities, including siting of septic tanks that could
lead to seepage to rivers, groundwater
▪ Organic material, pathogenic bacteria, and nutrients from untreated sewage from
informal settlements, camp followers, and field-based defecation
▪
▪ discharges and disturbance of soil and sediment that drain into surface waters
Green house model Solar drying of sludge
▪ Mixing of sludge with flood waters
▪ Poor air quality due to generation of excess CO, CO2 and CH4 especially during hot
weather.
Outfall facility
▪ Works on outfalls or river edge strengthening, if any, may lead to erosion due to
inappropriate implementation.
▪ Mixing of sewage with flood waters
▪ discharges and disturbance of soil and sediment that drain into surface waters
▪ Contamination from construction machinery in use near water bodies
Labour camp
▪ Solid waste from littering and poor handling of waste in workplace, labour camps
- Organic material, pathogenic bacteria and nutrients from poor siting and
management of the Contractor’s sewage treatment facilities, including siting of
septic tanks that could lead to seepage to rivers, ground water
- Organic material, pathogenic bacteria and nutrients from untreated sewage from
informal settlements, camp followers and open defecation affecting host villagers
Common Property Resources
Positive Impacts
Positive Impacts on water quality include:
• Minimal bypass of sewage without treatment
• Better quality of treated sewage discharged into the river
• Better groundwater quality downstream for irrigation
• No impact of mixing of sewage during floods
• Better groundwater quality
• Proposed rehabilitation would improve the quality of treated sewage, by making it more
suitable for recycling. Already, the Irrigation Department sources treated sewage from
Vasna STPs through Fatehwadi Canal for irrigation purposes. Thus, good quality treated
water will be available for irrigation and recycling for other uses on site after disinfection
and improves water availability in the water-scarce region after GPCB amends the
consent condition and agrees to dispose of treated sewage in Fatehwadi Canal.
The existing plant 240 MLD Plant was constructed in four modules of 60 MLD each. The commissioning
of the new plant will also be in phases with each module as 60 MLD. The existing plant could be used
in a phased manner till the new plant is commissioned to avoid diversion of untreated sewage directly
into the river. Also, it is suggested that the facility should have the provision of secondary containment
wherever required to avoid any spill to nearby areas.
Reduction in Pollution Load on River Sabarmati due to Vasna 240 MLD STP upgradation
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Currently, the quality of treated effluent is suboptimal. AMC aims to achieve the stringent quality of
treated effluent in its new STPs and those proposed under G-ACRP, and at the same time reuse
treated effluents to ensure resource efficiency and reduce BOD load on receiving water bodies.
Three scenarios are considered for evaluating the positive impact on the water bodies:
• Scenario 1: Strategy towards Decentralized Sewage Management - No STP Scenario:
when there are no STPs to treat sewage generated in the zone, with all sewage going to
toilets with/without appropriate septic tanks. In this case, the total diffused pollution
load ultimately reaching Sabarmati would be high mainly as the soil is alluvium. With
increased draining through open disposal, disposal into canals, septic tanks, and soak pits
leaching of polluted water to the river will be high and from multiple areas. This also
increases the chance of leaching pollutants from land disposed of pollutants.
• Scenario 2: ‘As is’ scenario – No Project Alternative: If the existing STP continues to
maintain the same performance levels and standards. In this case, pollutant levels will be
high in Sabarmati. This will continue to impact agricultural users downstream, near
riverside, and also those receiving treated sewage for irrigation (through Fatehwadi
Canal, though currently without consent).
• Scenario 3: STPs follow stringent discharge norms – Technology/ Capacity Upgradation of
existing STPs: If the STP follows NGT norms and is well upgraded and maintained, as
envisaged by G-ACRP the pollution load in Sabarmati will reduce. Better quality of treated
water will be available for agriculture, and this will improve the overall health of the
region.
Figure 37 Pollution Impact of the modeled Scenarios on Sabarmati River
A graphical representation of the comparison of these three scenarios above is presented here in
Figure 36. This graph shows that the subproject can ensure around 20 percent reduction in BOD, 40
percent in SS, and 87 percent in TP pollution load due to this facility on Sabarmati, through the
proposed rehabilitation.
Impact on Ambient Air Quality
With the high population density and the metropolitan nature of the city, it has many vehicles,
industrial and commercial activities which results in various sources of urban air pollution in the city.
The proposed subproject activities may potentially impact the air quality during construction,
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operations, and maintenance of sub-projects with the addition of construction vehicles, construction
activities, use of machinery, and fuel combustion. In addition, the odor may emanate from STP
processes/release of gases, use of chemicals, sludge, and treated sewage and may impact the
communities near STPs, pumping stations, and discharge points.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
Air quality may be affected in the form of dust, particulate matter, and gas emissions from exhausts.
Dust emissions: Construction activities can give rise to dust emissions if not effectively managed and
have the potential to affect receptors near to the main construction sites due to dust generated from
demolition, excavation, operation of construction equipment and machinery, increased movement of
vehicles, on unpaved access roads. Since the proposal is for rehabilitation of existing STP, large-scale
earthworks are not expected, and hence possible impacts of wind during the night or inactive
construction periods are not an issue.
Dust mainly comes from the use of roads, cleared land in the work area, material stockpiling.
Particulates (other than dust) and gas are emitted from vehicles, heavy machinery, diesel generators,
and asphalt processing sites for the access road. The impact of air contaminants, such as dust, can
disrupt local communities (deposition in water supplies and on buildings and other facilities), while it
can also affect public health. The communities most at risk are those close to the main access road as
this is most exposed to dust and vehicle emissions. The main mitigation measures are covered by the
Environmental Management Plan and associated sub-plans and include the management of dust,
exposed soil, and material emissions; maintenance of vehicles and equipment to control emissions;
avoiding burning vegetation and trash; and managing a complaint and resolution service system. The
average wind is 6-8 km/hr, but the dust impact due to demolition or on-site construction is less severe
as the predominant wind direction is away from the settlements nearby.
Gaseous emissions during construction will be from machinery, equipment, and vehicles used for
material transportation. The operation of vehicles and equipment mostly with diesel fuel will result in
emissions of carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen. The impact on air quality due
to emissions from vehicles and plants will be in the areas immediate to the work area. There are
multiple sources of pollution near around existing STP site. Generally, additional vehicle movements
generated during the construction phase will have the potential to influence local air quality at
sensitive receptors located at proximity to the road, and pollutant concentration is likely to reduce
with increased distance from the road. The impacts will therefore apply mostly to the squatter
settlements next to the site boundary and access roads. Impacts due to operational stage gaseous
emissions and odor including H2S and SO4, CH4, etc. also would continue during the rehabilitation
stage. However, due to better facilities and performance, such impacts were expected to reduce when
operations of the rehabilitated STP commences.
Determination of the number of exhaust emissions generated by heavy vehicles is calculated using
the basis of emissions generated by trucks. Transportation during the operation phase is estimated
to be carried out by 30 heavy diesel vehicles i.e., trucks per day. Emission coefficients for trucks from
CPCB39 are as follows:
• CO = 1.5 g/km,
• NOx = 3.5 g/km,
• HC = 0.96 g/km
• PM = 0.02 g/km
Based on the emission coefficient and traffic density mentioned above, the amount of emissions by
transport vehicles, for each air quality parameter, is as follows:
• CO = 0.045kg/day/km
39
https://cpcb.nic.in/vehicular-exhaust/
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• NOx = 0.105kg/day/km
• HC = 0.029kg/day/km
• PM= 0.0006kg/day/km
The main access roads and construction sites had a moderate impact significance. Mitigation to reduce
the risk of negative impacts from reducing air quality is described in environmental management
plans.
Demolition of STP
Decommissioning activities may generate emission of fugitive dust caused by a combination of on-site
excavation and movement of earth materials, contact of construction machinery with bare soil, and
exposure of bare soil and soil piles to wind. A secondary source of emissions may include exhaust from
diesel engines of earth moving equipment, as well as from open burning of cut vegetation and solid
waste on-site.
▪ Dust & gaseous emission due to transportation
▪ Dust emission during demolition
▪ Release of noxious gases/chemicals during dismantling and demolition of machinery,
equipment and structures of existing STP.
Construction of STP
▪ Dust & gaseous emission due to transportation & machinery
▪ Issues and concerns to release of noxious gases/ chemicals during storage and
commissioning of new units.
▪ Release of untreated sewage during construction activities
Repair works at TSPS
▪ Dust & gaseous emission due to transportation & machinery
Greenhouse model Solar drying of sludge
▪ Gaseous emission from sludge including CO, CO2 and CH4 especially during hot weather
Construction of Rising main
▪ Dust & gaseous emission due to transportation & construction activities.
Labour camp
▪ Dust & gaseous emission due to unhygienic practices in labour camp
▪ Improper ventilation and lack of separate and proper cooking facilities in the labour
camp.
Positive Impacts
Access road improvement will help in reducing dust emissions. Odor emissions are expected to reduce
considerably during operations with improvement in STP process and adoption of modern technology
and replacement of existing machinery, which will reduce stagnation, wastes, and sludge.
Ambient Noise and Vibration
Noise is a common problem in urban areas as compared to the villages because of the mechanization
and more vehicles on the road. All types of noise altogether affect the same irrespective of the sources
and cause headaches to the high blood pressure and other heart diseases.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
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The site is bounded on both north and south by STP sites; west by Gyaspur metro depot and south by
the river. The area to the south of Vasna 126 STP to the south of the site is mixed-use has a dense road
network, and several sensitivities such as residential areas, hospitals, schools, religious buildings, etc.
However, this area may not be significantly affected by rehabilitation works on the site. The most
important receptor is the squatter settlements next to the STP site and access roads.
Sources of noise will be the demolition activities, ongoing operations of the STP, vehicles, and
equipment for construction at the project site. Noise levels will increase during the period of
construction, and cumulative noise levels will tend to be higher especially due to nearby operations
of the Metro Depot. Additionally, noise levels will increase on approach roads due to increased traffic.
Noise can impact officials and workers on-site others who reach the site for supply of materials or
equipment or other services, and those residing and working nearby. Such impacts can become
significant if they are exposed to high noise for long hours continuously.
The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise in different areas /zones have been notified by
the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India vide ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and
Control) Rules, 2000. The Schedule of ambient air quality standards in respect of noise notified in the
above ‘Rules’ is reproduced below:
Table 34: Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise
Area Code Category of Area/ Zone Limits in dB(A) Leq
Day time Nighttime
(A) Industrial area 75 70
(B) Commercial area 65 55
(C) Residential area 55 45
(D) Silence Zone 50 40
The subproject noise sources consist of, land clearances, earthworks, demolition of some
existing facilities, construction of new structures, and vehicle movements along the access
roads.
Note:
1. Daytime shall mean 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
2. Night-time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00.a.m.
3. Silence zone is defined as an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals,
educational institutions, and courts. The silent zones are zones that are declared as such by the
competent authority.
4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the
competent authority. 40
5. dB(A) Leq denotes the time-weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A, Leq being
the energy mean of the noise level over a specific period.
Current noise levels at the Vasna STP site are 60.63 dBA and 52.55 dBA respectively during
day and night times. The operation of a motor vehicle/ truck that transports materials will
contribute to a noise increase of ± 70 dBA. The estimated noise in a residential area (squatter
settlements along access/ boundary/ or in between STP boundary and Canal) within ±10 m
from the main road through calculations with a single point spread is as follows: Ts1-Ts2 = 10
40
STP comes under the industrial categorisation as RC4.
https://gpcb.gujarat.gov.in/uploads/Updated_Industrial_Categorization_CPCB_Direction_30042020.pdf
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log r2/r1. Allowable further noise levels exposure for existing noise exposure of near around
60 dBA (rounded to nearest decibel) as per FTA manual is 57 dBA, which will produce the
combined level of 62 dBA. This is within the permissible noise levels for a mixed-use area with
Metro depot, STPs, etc. (if considered industrial limit is 75dBA, if considered commercial, it is
65dBA, considering squatter residences, this is 55dBA). Up to <61 dBA of combined noise
impact exposure is considered no impact, while 61 to 66 is moderate impact and >66dBA is
severe impact.
Work activities that may generate continuous noise need to be curtailed. Impulsive or impact
noise is not expected from the proposed works. Permissible exposure in cases of continuous
noise is presented below.
Total time of Sound pressure level Total time of Sound pressure level
exposure in or a number of dBA exposure in or a number of dBA
(continuous short- per day, in hours (continuous short- per day, in hours
term exposures) term exposures)
6 87 1 100
4 90 ¾ 102
3 92 ½ 105
1½ 97 ¼ 110
1. No exposure in excess of 110 dBA is to be permitted.
2. For any period of exposure falling in between any figure and the next higher or lower figure as
indicated in column 1, the permissible sound pressure level is to be determined by extrapolation on a
proportionate basis.
The amount of Noise Level at 10 m from the access road is 60 dBA, and from 30m is 55 dBA.
Already truck carrying materials ply through this road, for operations and maintenance of STPs
in the area, and to nearby mixed land use. All machines operating in an area should produce
noise within the acceptable level to maintain the well-being of people around. Adequate
awareness/ information shall be provided to all nearby communities and users on the possible
increase in noise levels. Noise from works at Metro Depot is identified as a potential
contributor to the impact on air quality. However, works are expected to be completed by the
start of STP rehabilitation. Else, it is important to discuss with Metro Contractors to plan and
stagger large noise/vibration emitting activities. Tools and mechanisms which generate less
noise shall be preferred, night-time restrictions on construction, Mufflers, screens, and site
buffers shall be engaged. Mitigation measures are presented in the next Chapter on ESMP.
Demolition of STP
▪ Noise emission due to use of heavy vehicles, demolition activities & machinery.
▪ Noise due to use of cutting and drilling equipment.
Construction of STP
▪ Noise emission due to use of heavy vehicles, construction activities & machinery.
Repair works at TSPS
▪ Noise emission due to use of heavy vehicles & machinery
Construction of Rising main
▪ Noise emission due to use of heavy vehicles, excavation activities & machinery
Construction of Outfall facility
▪ Noise emission due to use of heavy vehicles & machinery.
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Positive Impacts
Replacement of old machinery and pumps as part of proposed activities will reduce noise emanating
from STP operations.
Vibration
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
As per the Feasibility Report, the subproject does not involve quarrying or blasting and hence,
vibration impacts are limited to:
• operation of vehicles along with accesses only during work hours of the day
• demolition & dismantling activities
• installation of machinery (Thickener cum Dewatering machine (COTDM) feed sump,
transformer, UV channel, Belt filter press, Construct MC3 (1 no.) consists of Transformer,
Blower room, MCC Room, etc.)
Considering the alluvial nature of soil in the study area dispersion of vibrations will be negligible.
Demolition activities should not be using techniques which might induce large vibrations, and the
Impact of Vibrations shall be studied as an essential part of the Detailed design phase, due to proximity
to Vasna Barrage and river edge. Vibrations will be monitored during construction activities, and the
contractor will execute the complaint management service. The contractor is expected to develop a
construction method or schedule for activities that generate noise in accordance with the results of
monitoring the vibration level (exceeding the noise standard limit in residential areas) or complaints
from the public.
At this stage, the quantity of material that needs to be transported is unknown as the design will be
finalized by the design consultant. The DBOT contractor can estimate vibration impact based on the
quantity of material to be transported to arrive at impact magnitude. Vibration generated by the dump
truck operation on the main road is relatively small for the receptor distance of more than 7.62m. So,
this will cause impacts on the immediate row of houses along the access road. Feasibility reports
present the reconstruction and demolition activities expected at aerators, which are within 10m from
the nearest sensitive receptor - the squatter settlement. The magnitude of the impact of the noise will
decrease as the distance of the receptors gets further.
Sensitive receptors (squatter settlement) are present immediate to the access road, but the impact is
categorized as a minor negative impact with a low intensity because it is estimated that there will be
a mobility of trucks of only 6 rotations/ day considering the type of upgradation proposed. The impact
of the vibration will be felt for 03 years – the expected duration of the subproject.
Positive Impacts
The proposed surfacing of the access road will reduce road irregularities which in turn reduces
vibrations due to all vehicle movements. Further, as the proposed rehabilitation would ensure
stronger STP parts resistant to disasters like earthquakes, vibrations in those elements will be reduced.
GHG Emissions and Climate Benefits of the Proposed Rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP41:
.
Baseline emissions have been estimated for the present year 2021. Further, two situations are
examined. Situation A, which is a Business-as-usual scenario for 2039, with no intervention for process
and capacity augmentation at the STP, and Situation B, where the proposed Project Intervention has
been implemented for the year 2039.
41
AMC, 10 Jan 2022. Feasibility Report for Rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP (Draft), prepared by RH-DHV,
unpublished
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Table 35 Carbon emissions from the conveyance of sewage from TSPS
Scenario G1 tCO2e/yr.
Baseline Scenario 2021 7491
Business-as-usual 2039 8173
Project intervention 2039 SBR 4792
Project intervention 2039 A2O 4792
Table 36 Carbon emissions from operation of STP
Scenario GE2 tCO2ee/yr. GCH41 tCO2ee/yr. GN2O1 tCO2ee/yr. G2
tCO2ee/yr.
Baseline Scenario 2021 4017 23140 35894 63051
Business-as-usual 2039 4383 63374 50297 118054
Project intervention 2039 SBR 12012 3424 2838 18274
Project intervention 2039 17407 3424 2838 23670
A2O
Table 37 Carbon emissions from handling and disposal of sludge
Scenario GD tCO2ee/yr. GCH42 tCO2ee/yr. GN2O2 tCO2ee/yr. G3
tCO2ee/yr.
Baseline Scenario 2021 5 383 339 727
Business-as-usual 2039 11 881 781 1673
Project intervention 2039 13 221 0 234
SBR/A2O
Table 38 Comparative Analysis
Scenario G1 tCO2e/yr. G2 tCO2e/yr. G3 tCO2ee/yr. G
tCO2ee/yr.
Baseline Scenario 2021 7491 63051 727 71270
Business-as-usual 2039 8173 118054 1673 127899
Project intervention 2039 SBR 4792 18274 234 23301
Project intervention 2039 A2O 4792 23670 234 28696
In a business-as-usual scenario, where the plant is not upgraded, the carbon emissions due to
methane from treated and untreated wastewater alone would be 63,374 tCO2e/yr. With the
proposed technologies, carbon emissions would reduce to 3,424 tCO2e/yr. from the biological
treatment alone. The carbon emissions due to nitrous oxide would also reduce from 50,297
tCO2e/yr. to 2,838 tCO2e/yr. through the biological treatment process.
In a project intervention scenario, although the quantum of wastewater treated would
increase in the design year, 2039, it would only result in increased GHG emissions from the
use of electricity. As evidence that the new systems with higher efficiency have been
incorporated at pumping sites which will reduce electricity consumption at TSPS. The energy
intensity of the existing pump set up is 118.09 kWh/ML whereas the new pump set up will
have an energy intensity of 69.25 kWh/ML. The technology upgradation would inevitably
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increase electricity consumption at STP. However, the methane and nitrous emissions from
the treatment of wastewater would significantly be reduced due to improved methane
correction factors in the proposed technologies. Furthermore, project intervention would
ensure that there is no discharge of untreated sewage into the water bodies, thus reducing
emissions from untreated wastewater discharged into the water bodies. The improvements
in sludge waste management under the overall project will also help reduce emissions.
Through the project intervention, 104,063 tCO2e/yr. of GHG emissions can be saved on
average.
As per FR, AMC has plans to increase their solar rooftop power infrastructure for further GHG
savings. The pump set up at Terminal Pumping stations have also been enhanced with
equipment with higher energy efficiency (from 118.09 kWh/ML to 69.25 kWh/ML) which will
reduce emissions from electricity use to 4,792 tCO2e/yr from 8173 tCO2e/yr. Solar panels
have been recommended for all administrative buildings, which can generate up to 480 MWh
of electricity per year and save up to 379 tCO2e/yr.
Increased plantation will aid in carbon sequestrations. The proposed STP has a green belt
around the plant with a minimum of 30%-33% of the area devoted to tree plantations. The
internal roads shall have plantations. With this increased tree cover, 1783 tCO2e/yr. of
emissions can be reduced.
Pollution Risk management strategies and encourage Resource Efficiency
• Follow the discharge standards based on NGT suggested and additional parameters and
limits suggested in this ESIA, which is more stringent than the existing (EP Rules, 1986)
standards which is suggested by WB EHS and considering the intended use of receiving
water body
• To minimise pollution issues due to suboptimal treated sewage (at site, discharge points,
Fatehwadi Canal), existing STP functions to be improved to treat sewage minimum as per
current consent norms during construction period
• Currently AMC is supplying treated sewage water for irrigation through Fatehwadi canal
through the permit from GPCB is to discharge treated sewage into the Sabarmati. In case
AMC wants to discharge treated water though the Fatehwadi canal consent shall be
sought from GPCB, and standards shall be fine-tuned based on additional study on reuse
of treated effluent for irrigation in line with the Central Pollution Control Board’s
Guidelines of Reuse of Treated Water for Irrigation, 2018, through reputed Agricultural
University with stakeholder consultations as per the Guidelines and after agreement with
stakeholders and permit from GPCB discharge the treated sewage so as to avoid any
negative environmental and health issue on downstream communities.
• Sewage diversion during the construction period and commissioning of new STP units is
not clear in the FR and has to be scheduled and planned by the DBOT contractor during
the design phase. AMC to inform irrigation department regarding the proposed
upgradation of the Vasna 240 MLD STP and its implication on discharge of treated
sewage through Fatehwadi canal and agree on the proposed plan.
• The construction and related activities should be done in phase wise manner to enable
the sewage to be treated in existing or upcoming units and prevent release of untreated
sewage in the Sabarmati river.
• Demolished components/ structures STP will have polluted C&D and other wastes (due
to sewage), and the polluted area shall be well restored, after testing for contaminants
and pathogens. Cost for this shall be included in FR/ Detailed estimate
• Store materials wastes and chemicals away from flood prone areas, or elevate such areas,
and provide cut off drains
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• Various wastewater streams are segregated; and it is suggested to install sensors to be
alert on industrial pollution ingress
• Prevent or reduce wastewater pollution through such measures as recycle/reuse within
their facility, process modification
• Open burning of solid wastes, whether hazardous or non-hazardous should be avoided,
as the generation of polluting emissions from this type of source cannot be controlled
effectively
• Reduce, Recycle, Reuse C&D and other wastes
• Pollution impacts of Solar panels is important, and storage, handling and disposal shall be
clearly agreed. No panel shall be found stacked on site without adequate protection to
prevent pollution
• Get permits for plants from GPCB under Air Act, and follow consent conditions
• Implementing a leak detection and repair (LDAR) program that controls fugitive emissions
by regularly monitoring to detect leaks, and implementing repairs within a predefined
time period
• Use of dust control methods, such as covers, water suppression, or increased moisture
content for open materials storage piles, or controls, including air extraction and
treatment through a baghouse or cyclone for material handling sources, such as
conveyors and bins
• Use of water suppression for control of loose materials on paved or unpaved road
surfaces
• Implement recommended engine maintenance programs
• Drivers should be provided awareness on the benefits of driving practices that reduce
both the risk of accidents and fuel consumption, including measured acceleration and
driving within safe speed limits
• Vibration impacts of proposed trunk main crossing the elevated metro track shall be
studied, and mitigation measures shall be included in design
• Enhancement of energy efficiency measures
• Protection and enhancement of sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases (such a green
belts)
• Limitation and/ or reduction of methane emissions through recovery and use in waste
management, using better technology such as SBR
• Implement air, water, soil, biodiversity Monitoring program during construction
(including project roads, and on site) and operations
• Replace old equipment, machines, pumps and electrical installations
• Use LED bulbs, fans/ star rated pumps/ equipment
• Use Solar energy as in Green house model drying; Solar lighting/ use of solar energy as
much as feasible (provided disposal at TSDF is arranged, proper storage and use of PPEs
while working with damaged panels are ensured)
• Energy saving fitting (LED lighting) and equipment, motors are fitted with variable
frequency drive (VFD)
• Ensure sewer system capacity
• Contaminated water, leachate, rejects shall be channelled back to the treatment units
• NO reuse to be permitted before chlorination
• Sludge to be stored, disposed in hazardous facility and in compliance with local regulatory
requirements, if tested so; else to be sent to BARC facility
• Use or handling of hazardous material, including asbestos to be avoided
• Training of operators on release prevention, including drills specific to hazardous
materials as part of emergency preparedness response training
• Implementation of inspection programs to maintain the mechanical integrity and
operability of pressure vessels, tanks, piping systems, relief and vent valve systems,
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containment infrastructure, emergency shutdown systems, controls and pumps, and
associated process equipment
• Preparation of written Standard Operating Procedures for safe transfer and filling of the
hazardous material, and in spill prevention and response
• SOPs for the management of secondary containment structures, specifically the removal
of any accumulated fluid, such as rainfall
• Identification of locations of hazardous materials and associated activities on an
emergency plan site map
• Documentation of availability of specific personal protective equipment and training
needed to respond to an emergency
• Documentation of availability of spill response equipment sufficient to handle at least
initial stages of a spill and a list of external resources for equipment and personnel, if
necessary, to supplement internal resources
• Description of response activities for life and fire safety, in the event of a spill, release,
emergencies, disasters especially floods
• Select equipment with lower sound power levels, use silencers, mufflers on engine
exhausts and compressor components, acoustic enclosures (minimum surface density of
10 kg/m2) to prevent noise impacts from sensitive receptors
• Re-locating noise sources to less-sensitive areas to take advantage of distance and
shielding and Siting permanent facilities away from community areas if possible, or taking
advantage of the natural topography as a noise buffer during facility design · Reducing
project traffic routing through community areas wherever possible
• Green belts to reduce air/ odor pollution impacts
5.3.4.4 ESS 4: COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY
Heath safety and security risks and impacts on project-affected communities especially on vulnerable
people are important.
Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
Though work activities would happen on the existing STP site; squatters are settled near the site
boundary and access roads. The subproject construction works would involve labor, transportation
through access roads and handling of material, civil construction, and machinery replacement and
installation works, and such activities may directly or indirectly impact the community.
At present, there is movement of heavy vehicles on the access and service road. For the people the
main issue is due to the road condition and lack of streetlights in the area. People also go to industrial
area or industries for work during the daytime and movement of people is very less. There will be no
restriction of access for squatters during construction or operation. Road construction for access road
is proposed to be included in sub project implementation to enable smooth movements of vehicle,
reduce dust and air emissions and reduce community health and safety risks. Squatter settlement will
not be impacted as existing kuccha road width will be maintained. Risks and impacts will be for a very
short period and temporary. There will be no impact on the access to burial grounds or the church as
access roads from Fatehwadi canal road to STPs will only be constructed. Social risks and impacts are
mainly with respect to the environmental issues such as dust, traffic movement, odour and related
issues during construction and operation
Engagement of labor for project work and their stay near the site for about 3 years, will increase the
risks of crimes including gender-based violence. Waste generation from labor camps/colonies if not
handled properly, will pollute the water resources used by the community for drinking leading to
health impacts. The migratory workforce may bring in infectious diseases not known to the area.
There can be risks due to COVID 19 in the present circumstances.
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Traffic in nearby roads may be affected by the increased movement of traffic which in turn places the
community at the risk of increased noise, air emissions, and accidents. Traffic and Transport: Increased
traffic inconvenience (emissions, congestions, longer travel times, blockage of access), especially the
approach road connecting the STP also is a connecting road from NH 64 to the nearby areas.
Similarly, civil construction and other works will lead to pollution especially possible emergencies to
bypass sewage, air emissions, and noise generation. Contaminated construction debris, sludge, and
other contaminated wastes from operations, hazardous, and e-wastes if not disposed properly have
the potential of impacting the communities.
Initially, the current STP site was demarcated as a sewage farm, and as the city grew nearby
communities have come up long after the establishment of the STPs at Vasna. Vasna has thus become
a mixed-use hub to the south of the city, where many public infrastructures such as STPs and Metro
Depot also exist near formal residential estates, commercial areas, hospitals, schools, and squatter
settlements. This STP is surrounded by other STPs, and access roads, with minimal impact on
communities' informal residential areas, but the squatter settlement near the STP will face health and
safety impacts. Possible impacts on the health and safety of the nearby communities include:
During Demolition of STP
• Odor nuisance, gaseous and particulate emissions, pathogenic agents
• Noise and vibration due to movement of heavy machinery and construction materials
• Possible spill of chemicals, sludge as they are taken through nearby roads or from the
sites
• Exposure to dust, noise (vehicular movement on Kuccha access road, construction
works, machinery during construction, operations, generators), the sun, heat and wet
weather
During Construction of STP
• Odor nuisance, gaseous and particulate emissions, pathogenic agents
• Noise and vibration due to movement of heavy machinery and construction materials
• Possible spill of chemicals, sludge as they are taken through nearby roads or from the
sites
• Working with electricity/ electrical installations, appurtenances
• Exposure to dust, noise (vehicular movement on Kuccha access road, construction
works, machinery during construction, operations, generators), the sun, heat and wet
weather
• Impacts of discharge from STP on adjoining communities, especially during construction
phase.
• Adverse social impacts on adjacent communities and squatters (e.g. security of women
and girls due to labor influx)
• Improper storage of construction material and demolition waste: This will be a
cumulative effect of poorly managed construction material and construction activities
which will affect working areas and managing of materials and waste on site.
• Unanticipated risks to the downstream communities in case of release of untreated
sewage from STPs during construction or disruption of bypass.
• Traffic disruption or congestion due to movement of heavy vehicles for project related
activities.
Repair works at TSPS
• Noise and vibration due to movement of heavy machinery and construction materials
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• Working with electricity/ electrical installations, appurtenances
Green house model Solar drying of sludge
• Odor nuisance, gaseous and particulate emissions, pathogenic agents and related
labour health and safety issues
• Exposure to sludge, waste screenings if not managed properly
Construction of Rising main for 126 MLD STP
• Noise and vibration due to movement of heavy machinery and construction materials
• Exposure to dust, noise (access road repairs and upgradation, vehicular movement,
construction works, machinery during construction, operations, generators), the sun,
heat and wet weather.
• Use of open trench method for construction which may affect the access to the 240
MLD STP.
• Pedestrian-vehicular conflict, restriction of use of right of way along the Juhapura road,
and approach road to STPs during rising main construction
• Flooding issues while crossing is under construction
Labour camp
• Odor nuisance, pathogenic agents
• Improper sanitation and washing facilities leading to odor nuisance and unhygienic
conditions.
• Lack of facilities at work site and worker camp, pushing workers to use common areas /
facilities and resources
Operation of STP
• Working with electricity/ electrical installations, appurtenances
Common Risks & Impacts
• Using vehicles on public and project roads, accident risks
• Possible exposure to illnesses, communicable diseases, COVID-19
• Exposure to mental or physical harassment, SEA/SH, and injury from interpersonal
conflicts with workers/ operators
• Impacts of flooding in subproject premises or earthquakes, and other natural and
manmade disasters
Positive Impacts
Proposed improvements to STP will ensure safer and disaster resilient infrastructure which will have
overall positive impacts on community health and safety especially during disasters. Proposed
surfacing of access road to site will also reduce long term dust emissions, vibrations and accidents.
Disasters (including Fire), Flooding and Dam Safety
Temporary flooding may happen during monsoons in the site. As the water table is high along the river
edge, excavations may be difficult and safety precautions shall be adopted. It is important to have a
Disaster Management Plan and Emergency Preparedness Action Plan to deal with disasters,
emergencies in case of natural or man-made disasters including Fire, and Dam Safety Considerations
given the presence of Vasna Barrage 3 km upstream of the site. These impacts are also applicable to
TSPS, rising mains, outfalls etc. and need to be studied as part of the proposed study on Dam Break
Analysis & Flooding Stimulation, Preparation of Inundation and Emergency Action Plan for Vasna
Barrage, Ahmedabad, Gujarat will be undertaken by AMC and will be made available to DBOT
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contractor. The study will be incorporated in the final design of the project. The consultants for dam
and flood analysis will be coordinated by AMC for influencing design of the project if required. DMP
with essential actions and organisational structure is presented in Chapter 6 on ESMP.
CHS Risk management strategies
• Assess flood risks and incorporate management/ mitigation mechanisms in designs,
prepare Emergency Preparedness Action Plan
• Work scheduling taking into considerate floods (STP site, rising main across Fatehwadi
canal for rising main for 160 MLD ST, TSPSs), improvement to access road proposed as
part of Vasna 240 MLD plant rehabilitation etc, to reduce health and safety impacts
• Include TSPSs, outfalls and allied infrastructure in the proposed flood risk assessment
study and include EAP and mitigation measures in design. To be assessed in C-ESIA &
mitigation measures if required and included in C-ESMP.
• Restricting access to the site, through a combination of institutional and administrative
controls, with a focus on high-risk structures or areas depending on site-specific
situations, including fencing, signage, and communication of risks to the local community
• Removing hazardous conditions on construction sites that cannot be controlled
affectively with site access restrictions such as covering openings to small, confined
spaces, ensuring means of escape for larger openings such as trenches or excavations, or
locked storage of hazardous materials
• Education and awareness-raising on CHS, and the adoption of procedures for safe use
roads
• Use of specially trained personnel to identify and remove waste materials from tanks,
vessels, processing equipment or contaminated land as a first step in decommissioning
activities to allow for safe excavation, construction, dismantling or demolition
• Use of specially trained personnel to identify and selectively remove potentially
hazardous materials in building elements
• Prior to dismantling or demolition including, for example, insulation or structural
elements containing asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), electrical
components containing mercury
• Recommendations for the prevention and control of communicable and vector-borne
diseases
• Use of waste-specific PPE respirators, dust masks, clothing/ protective suits, gloves and
eye protection, information and awareness to communities adopt safe practices such as
closure of windows and doors in case of dust emissions
• Surfacing of roads used for transport to site, and dust suppression techniques should be
implemented, such as applying water or non-toxic chemicals to minimize dust from
vehicle movements.
• Include SEA/SH GRM in the project GRM.
5.3.4.5 ESS 5: LAND ACQUISITION, RESTRICTIONS ON LANDUSE AND INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT
There are few STPs in the Vasna within 100 to 250 m, such as the 35 MLD, 48 MLD, 126 MLD etc. At
the time of development of these STPs, there were no settlements, adjoining or near STPs. Since then,
some temporary squatter settlements have come up alongside the Fatehwadi canal and kuccha access
road near 126 MLD STP and 240 MLD STP. The squatters’ settlement is not a notified slum and consists
of kuccha or makeshift arrangements. The inhabitants are migrants (seasonal and permanent). Based
on google images and site visit it is estimated that 600 to 700 structures are locate in the squatter
settlement.
The proposed capacity augmentation and up-gradation of technology is proposed to be carried out
within the existing STP boundary. The land belongs to the Ahmedabad Municipality as per the land
records. Land acquisition is not envisaged for the proposed project. Displacement and resettlement
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issues are not envisaged for the subproject development as all activities will be carried out within the
project boundary. There are no families living within the STP premises.
ESS5 is not currently relevant as no land acquisition is envisaged and no impact on squatter settlement
is envisaged. Land use will not change due to the proposed project upgradation and rehabilitation of
STP.
There are no potential involuntary resettlement issues identified, as there is no land acquisition of
private land or alienation of additional government land for the proposed upgradation. There are no
restrictions to access river or public infrastructure or change in land use due to proposed rehabilitation
of the STP.
Loss of livelihood is also not anticipated as there are no livelihood related activities currently being
undertaken within project boundary. Local labour will be hired and will be given preference during
construction activities by the contractors.
Impact on downstream users due to release of untreated sewage is also identified. This may happen
due to failure of the functioning and diversion of untreated sewage directly into the river or canal
during construction phase. After upgradation of the STP, there will be improvement in the quality of
the treated water released in the Sabarmati River which will benefit downstream users.
. There will be no restriction of access for squatters during construction or operation. Kuccha access
road repair and upgradation is proposed to be included in sub project implementation to enable
smooth movements of vehicle, reduce dust and air emissions and reduce community health and safety
risks. Squatter settlement will not be impacted as existing kuccha road width will be maintained and
no additional land will be acquired. There will be no impact on the access to burial grounds or the
church as access road from Fatehwadi canal road to STPs (150 m length and 8 m width) will only be
repaired and upgraded. Public infrastructure services shall be provided through government schemes
and programs.
After DPR finalization, the ESIA and screening to be reviewed to include any such impacts, if additional
land requirements is envisaged, AMC will prepare and implement RAP following the methodologies
and principles described in the RPF.
5.3.4.6 ESS6: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF LIVING
NATURAL RESOURCES
As explained 3.4.5 Ecology and Biodiversity, it was observed that the entire stretch of Sabarmati is
infested with the Pistia sp. and Eichhornia crassipes which has altered the natural habitat. Sabarmati
River stretch is a modified habitat as the water is being sourced from the Narmada canal and stored
at the riverfront stretch using the shutters of the Vasna Barrage. The riparian zone of the Sabarmati is
converted into the riverfront in Ahmedabad city. The region around is heavily industrialized, and fast
converting into urban land use, with pollutants reaching the already dry river. However, Hon’ble NGT
has constituted the River Rejuvenation Committee which has initiated the process of river
rejuvenation by curtailing pollution, monitoring e-flow, undertaking plantations, etc, through various
stakeholder departments. No tree cutting is envisaged as per FR as rehabilitation occurs within the
footprint and site of the existing STP. Trees majorly include Peltophorum pterocarpum and Azadirecta
indica which are planted at the periphery of the site and along the internal roads. There are around
200 trees of various ages. Greenbelt is planned along the periphery of the STP site. The list of Flora
and Fauna in and near the site is attached as Annexure 3.
No RET species were observed in the study area. However, The subproject intends interventions to
improve the discharge quality and will thereby improve the biodiversity in or near the site and in the
river and the region downstream of the discharge point., thus supporting overall biodiversity
improvement.
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Expected Negative Risks and Impacts
During Demolition of STP & During Construction of STP
• In case of an increased level of noise and vibration, faunal species will leave the site. Noise
above 60 dB has been reported to interfere with songbird mating calls. Dust may settle
on the leaves of the surrounding flora and may interfere with biological processes. The
dust will also disturb the faunal species. Air Pollutants may interfere with the biological
processes of plants. It may also irritate the faunal species. Dumping waste into the water
bodies may impact the biological process of macrophytes and aquatic fauna. It may alter
the composition of macrophyte by interfering in the nutrient cycle.
• For the proposed sub-project of upgradation of existing STP, no tree cutting is envisaged
as per the Feasibility report. There are a large number of trees within the premises of the
existing plant. The Design-Build Operate Transfer (DBOT) model is proposed to be
implemented and based on the finalization of the design and components, at a later
stage, it may be required to cut some trees and clearing of the shrubs. Tree counting will
be done after the finalization of DPR for the estimation of trees required to be cut. Tree
cutting will be done as per The Saurashtra Tree Felling Act, 1951, and permission from
AMC or Forest Department (as the case may be) shall be obtained for the same42.
Measures to protect old trees will be considered during designing of the project. Clearing
of shrubs will not have any impact on the natural vegetation of the region. The proposed
project may also require tree planting based on the number of trees cut.
Repair works at TSPS
• In case of increased level of noise and vibration, faunal species will leave site. Noise above
60 dB has been reported to interfere with songbird mating call. Dust may settle on the
leaves of the surrounding flora and may interfere with biological processes. The dust will
also disturb the faunal species. Air Pollutants may interfere with biological processes of
plants. It may also irritate the faunal species. Dumping of waste into the waterbodies may
impact the biological process of macrophytes and aquatic fauna. It may alter the
composition of macrophyte by interfering in nutrient cycle.
Construction Activities on various components
• In case of increased level of noise and vibration, faunal species will leave site. Noise above
60 dB has been reported to interfere with songbird mating call. Dust may settle on the
leaves of the surrounding flora and may interfere with biological processes. The dust will
also disturb the faunal species. Air Pollutants may interfere with biological processes of
plants. It may also irritate the faunal species. Dumping of waste into the waterbodies may
impact the biological process of macrophytes and aquatic fauna. It may alter the
composition of macrophyte by interfering in nutrient cycle.
• Tree cutting may/ may not be required for the final alignment. DBOT contractor shall
ensure that the minimum trees shall be felled during the construction.
Solar Sludge drying &Solar rooftop
• Impacts on Micro-climate due to solar panels on roofs, especially in relation to
reflectance and disturbance to fauna / flora.
Construction of Outfall facility
42
https://forests.gujarat.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/ease-of-doing-business.pdf
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• Temporary discomfort to the aquatic biodiversity due to construction activities
Positive Impacts
It is expected that improvement of Vasna 240 STP to match the discharge quality standards suggested
by NGT will reduce prevailing BOD, COD, N, P, load from the river which will have overall cumulative
positive impacts on the water quality, biodiversity (if discharged into Sabarmati) and downstream
users.
Since the proposed subproject involves rehabilitation and upgradation of existing STP which will be
carried out within the site, impacts on flora and fauna of the site will be minimal and mainly during
the construction period.
5.3.4.7 ESS7: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES/SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN HISTORICALLY UNDERSERVED
TRADITIONAL LOCAL COMMUNITIES
There are no indigenous people in the project area. However, local consultations were conducted for
this project.
5.3.4.8 ESS 8: CULTURAL HERITAGE
Proposes activities take place in existing STP premises, surrounded mainly by other STPs, Gyaspur
Metro Station, and the river. There are no cultural heritage assets (tangible or intangible) in nearby
areas. Local congregation areas, party plots, parks, open spaces outside the boundary will not be used
for any related activity including material storage, labor camp, or parking. This will be further
confirmed during the Detailed Design Stage and impacts shall be discussed, while updating the ESIA.
The chance find procedures shall be included in ESMP.
5.3.4.9 ESS9: FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
Not Applicable
5.3.4.10 ESS10: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
The existing STP site is surrounded by other STPs at Vasna, Gyaspur Metro Depot and Sabarmati.
Proposed infrastructure developments may have an impact on the immediate residents near STP
Vasna - squatters along the approach road mainly during construction stage.
Consultations have been carried out with various stakeholders including squatter settlement
inhabitants, STP operators, AMC officials during preparation of ESIA for sub project. Stakeholder
consultation is a dynamic process and consultations will be carried out during the life cycle of the G-
ACRP project and will be conducted in accordance with SEP. Consultations will also be carried out after
disclosure of draft ESIA and ESMP. The suggestions and views of the stakeholders will be incorporated
in the report to finalise the same.
The summary of consultations is given below:
• Squatter households do not have access to municipal services. Mostly practice open
defecation near highway or forest areas and other areas which are accessible to them.
• Squatter settlements along the access road did not have any specific issues related to
upgradation of STP and have experienced odour issues maybe a couple of times. They
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had informed the security personnel at the STP gate to report the issue to the STP
officials .
• According to NGO working with labour, in Ahmedabad city, issues related to safety and
security of workers are neglected by contractors at field level due to absence of
monitoring mechanism.
• Construction workers need to be provided with better civic amenities at construction
sites to prevent open defecation, prevent unsanitary and unhygienic conditions in the
project site and labour camp and avoid potential conflict due to open defecation.
• There could be several settlements which are on encroached land or houses are on the
sewerage drains drain. These will not be impacted due to sub project activities as the
drains are located towards the middle of the roads and hutments are located on the
pavements. Some of the slums in the city have issue of mixing of drinking water with
drain water.
• In periphery slums individual connection of sewer lines is a problem. They have mostly
soak pits.
• Solid waste is collected but not recycled.
• Vulnerable groups do not have access to the GRM of AMC as they are not conversant
with online GRM of AMC. During sub project implementation, GRM details will be
displayed at site and consultations will be carried out regularly.
• Bare minimum space requirements necessary for undertaking works are difficult to
arrange and management especially if there are no alternatives.
• There is non-cooperation from localities where rehabilitation of sewer lines or MT
works are undertaken and workspace is constantly challenged.
• Health issues in some workers working in STP. Issues related to odour.
• All policies and compliances are included in RFP and tender document
• Women are not very willing to work at the STP, due to travel time, remoteness of site
etc.
• Issues related to STP include, old equipment, weathering of machinery and equipment.
Need to assess if modification to existing features and equipment can result in better
performance of the machinery and equipment.
• There are instances of ingress of industrial effluents into the sewage which may impact
the durability of the structure and equipment.
• The water in Fatehwadi canal and Sabarmati River is not of good quality as its not
properly treated in the STP. Villagers do not prefer to use Sabarmati water as it is not
good for any use.
• The villagers use borewell and tube well water for drinking and farming.
• They expect to receive the water from Narmada Main Canal (NMC).
• Some villages (not all) experienced health issues due to water quality.
• Many industries have adopted reverse boring practices and it has completely
deteriorated the ground water quality. Even borewell water is red many times. This
causes skin diseases and crop damage
• Agricultural land is 100m-150m away from the banks of the Sabarmati River and has
started hardening and becoming non-productive. Rainwater Harvesting is considered a
feasible option for the villages downstream by the people.
The sub-project will implement the project level SEP to engage with relevant stakeholders, including
the poor and vulnerable groups. Any grievances regarding the sub-project activities will be processed
through the project level GRM as specified in the SEP. AMC will conduct awareness campaign to inform
the settlement dwellers about the GRM.
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5.3.5 Cumulative Impacts
The cumulative impacts of existing sewerage treatment systems in AMC are mainly due to the
discharge of treated sewage into the rivers (Sabarmati and Khari) and Fatehwadi Canal. People of
downstream villages of Sabarmati depend indirectly on the river and Fatehwadi Canal for irrigation (if
AMC gets consent from GPCB for discharge into the canal). Cumulative Pollution levels due to the
discharge of various STPs, CETP discharge through Megaline, other ETP, and stormwater discharges in
the river are high currently. Vasna barrage across Sabarmati to the South of the city regulates water
flow downstream of Sabarmati.
Screening and analysis were undertaken following the IFC Good Practice Handbook for Cumulative
Impact Assessment and Management. The Handbook defines this as the process of (a) analysing the
potential impacts and risks of proposed developments in the context of the potential effects of other
human activities and natural environmental and social external drivers on the chosen VECs over time,
and (b) proposing concrete measures to avoid, reduce, or mitigate such impacts and risk to the extent
possible.
The objectives of the study were to understand the impacts on the Sabarmati River or any other valued
ecosystem component due to the project, other developments in AMC and its region, and proposed
subproject activities.
Step 1 – VEC’s, spatial and temporal boundaries.
VEC’s were identified from the baseline environmental and social study work within the project area
of influence and using literature review and field visits for the region. Screening questions considered
included the following:
a. Will the rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP affect this VEC?
b. Would other identified projects/stressors in the area potentially affect this VEC cumulatively
within the spatial boundary?
c. Would the impacts be potentially significant?
CIA was performed through expert opinions, checklists, and spatial analysis.
Discussion on VECs
The subproject activities include rehabilitation of an existing STP at Vasna, in the urban area of AMC
and all works are confined to an existing STP site, to improve the treatment of sewage. The regional
linkage is provided by River Sabarmati, which is dry for most of the year, and is a modified habitat as
it receives water not from its source Dharoi Dam, but an irrigation canal – the Narmada Main Canal -
intended to carry water from Sardar Sarovar Project to drought-prone areas of Gujarat. Water
channeled from Narmada Canal to Sabarmati at Ahmedabad Riverfront is held there for most of the
year for the ambiance of the riverfront and released through Fatehwadi canal or Sabarmati River
(mainly during floods). None of the subproject works are carried out in the river or Fatehwadi Canal,
except disposal of treated sewage. The river and the canal had been receiving sub-optimally treated
sewage and bypasses, effluents, and stormwater for the past decade from Vasna STP, and other STPs,
stormwater drains, and CETP (through Mega Line) since past two decades.
This project which would improve treatment quality to comply with stringent NGT suggested
standards are expected to bring in positive impacts on water quality, availability of treated water
downstream of the city, through Sabarmati and Fatehwadi Canal, and hence overall the subproject
presents positive regional impacts. As the subproject activities are restricted to the existing STP site,
access road immediate to it, and TSPS site (for minor repairs), no heritage feature of the city is
considered as an important component for examination.
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None of the floral or faunal species are identified as VECs as they are not dependent on the existing
STP site, Sabarmati, or the canal to which treated water is discharged. So, there is no impact of the
subproject on existing rates of habitat conversion and degradation in the area. No fish or aquatic
species met the conditions for VEC because those identified through fieldwork and desk-based
screening were not RET species of endemic species and the locations fall under the urbanized area
and the habitats are already modified. Sabarmati River in the vicinity of the STP plant is already
polluted and the riparian zone is converted into the riverfront. There are no protected habitats or
forests in the immediate region which may be impacted by the subproject. Other VECs do not apply
to this subproject considering the distance to these natural areas and intervening urban land use.
Identified Social VEC
Only one social/economic VEC was confirmed: the Fatehwadi Irrigation Scheme. The scheme is
sensitive to water availability, through the Narmada Canal (diverted by Vasna barrage) or availability
of treated water from STP.
Spatial Extent
The spatial boundary has been established based on the Sabarmati, Fatehwadi Canal, and downstream
areas which may be impacted. The length of the river and villages supplied by the canal, till Vautha
where the river gets tidally influenced and meets another major inflow from Vatrak is considered as
the spatial limit.
Temporal Extent
The Feasibility Report states that as per the CPHEEO manual, Pumping Station (Civil Works) and Rising
Mains are designed for 30 years however Pumping machinery is designed for 15 years from the base
year. The temporal boundary was set at 15 years, as STP may need to be upgraded in response to
regional/ city growth within this time. The feasibility report also adopted this as the timeframe.
Step 2: Scoping Phase 2 – Other Activities and Environmental and Social Drivers
The other activities and environmental drivers that are relevant were assessed as part of the iterative
process of identifying VECs and spatial boundaries. Other activities which impact the river include (i)
all discharges from the city and the region into the canal including all other existing and proposed STP
discharges into Sabarmati, industrial effluents, treated effluents carried by Mega Line, stormwater
drains; (ii) new Sabarmati Riverfront project and newly proposed barrage upstream of Vasna at the
beginning of new Riverfront project, (iii) intensive industrialization of downstream areas of Sabarmati,
to the South of Ahmedabad city which is given impetus by the nationally significant freight corridor –
the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC); the mega rail transport project for freight connecting
industrial areas to the west of India.
There is a significant reduction in rainfall and water availability in the catchment of Sabarmati, multiple
barrages, and increased agriculture and urban uses to the north of the city, which has also resulted in
less water availability in this non-perennial river. These already have a pronounced impact on in-river
habitat and rendered it modified.
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Table 39: Environmental Impacts on VECs (at Regional Level)
VECs that may be VEC Threshold(s) Spatial Temporal boundary Impacted by project Impacted by Impacts on thresholds
affected by the boundaries activities and and Project Mitigation/monitoring
development environmental measures
drivers
River Sabarmati Improved water Till Vautha 15 years is the Positively impacts, as Less rainfall and the proposed Positive Impacts due to better discharge
users quality and around 50 km planning period the dry river will get a (in early stages) new barrage quality of treated sewage
better from where it considered after well-treated upstream of Vasna, will have - Monitoring of quality of treated water
biodiversity due is tidally which STP discharge no impact on discharged and measuring quantity of treated
to better-treated influenced upgradation would treated water as it depends on water discharged and bypasses if any
Quality ensured by
sewage be necessary the population served during construction and operation
the ongoing hon’ble
discharged phases.
high court and task
- Periodic measurement of Trophic
force’s action to
Status of the River to understand the
disconnect all
improved quality due to the project
industrial
connections from the
sewer network
Fatehwadi Canal Water available Agricultural 15 years, within Positively impacts, as Less demand for agriculture in Positive Impacts due to better discharge
irrigation scheme for irrigation as areas of which the land use canal which gets less the future, as the downstream quality of treated sewage
users 240MLD can announced by villages of conversion can be supply now from region is fast getting - Ensure Consent to Discharge from GPCB
serve around 5000 GoG, and Daskroi, expected, NMC and poor- industrialized with many for discharge of treated sewage
ha in the command requested by Sanand, Bavla, considering the pace quality treated water industrial areas, also due to through the canal
area (not part of Irrigation and Dholka – of industrialization from STPs, will get a Western Dedicated Freight - A detailed study with stakeholder
Narmada Command Department for villages around of the region, as it is well-treated Corridor. Ahmedabad District consultation through Agricultural
area, but now the water-scarce 20 km aerial in the influence discharge for is the largest inland industrial University, in line with CPCB (2019)
receiving waters region from Vasna. region of DMIC irrigation due to the center in western India. Guidelines for Discharge of Treated
from the Narmada project Provides a manufacturing base effluents for Irrigation to determine and
Main Canal) for industries like chemical, manage discharge for better irrigation
textiles, agriculture, and food practices
processing. The GDP of - Monitoring of quality and measuring
Ahmedabad and Gujarat quantity of treated water discharged
depends heavily on the output during construction and operation
and capacity of these phases
industries.
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A summary of risks and impacts and their significance are presented in Table 38 below:
Table 40: Cumulative Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts of proposed STP improvements at the Local/near Site Level and Mitigation measures
Aspects Potential Impacts Mitigation Significance Geographic Duration Status after
before Spatial Scale Mitigation
Mitigation
Development in the city
Improvement in Sewerage Increase in incoming flow to STP Mitigation Possible, through long High Site/ Local Long-term Major Positive
and Drainage (S&D) term master planning and (negative)
infrastructure and planning additional STPs
increase in population in (ongoing)
the serving area
New area development Increase in incoming flow to STP Mitigation is Possible through High Site/ Local Long-term Major Positive
and increase in sewage Master plan (ongoing) and (negative)
flow upgradation activities under G-
ACRP
Increase coverage of Increase in incoming flow to STP Improvement in the Sewerage High Site/Local Long Term Major Positive
vulnerable sections network and capacity (negative)
especially the urban poor, augmentation with improved
migrants, slum dwellers technology; full coverage planned
with no access in the through G- ACRP
serving area
Reduction in untreated Increase in incoming flow to STP Improvement in the Sewerage High Site/Local Long Term Major Positive
sewage flow into network and capacity (negative)
stormwater, river or augmentation with improved
canals technology - full coverage and
Lake/canal improvement through
G-ACRP, Master Plan (ongoing)
Construction Phase
Cumulative Air Quality The subprojects (esp. two Vasna See mitigation measures in the Low Site/ Local Short-term Minor Positive
Impacts subprojects) can collectively ESMP. Mitigation Possible, (negative) (as mitigation
generate construction and O&M- through use of buffers, screens, measures will
related air emissions. Emission from PPEs, awareness, time help reduce
nearby Metro Depot construction restrictions/staggering of large
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Aspects Potential Impacts Mitigation Significance Geographic Duration Status after
before Spatial Scale Mitigation
Mitigation
will contribute to the emission noise/vibration generating baseline
levels. activities at sites as detailed in impacts as well)
ESMP
Cumulative Community Health and Safety impacts due to See mitigation measures in the Low Site/ Local Short-term Moderate
Health & Health impacts cumulative air quality and noise ESMP. Mitigation Possible (negative) Positive as
impacts from dust, air emissions, through following ESMP, better access roads,
movement of vehicles, etc. during STP design with ensured aeration, STPs improved
the construction period. Odor good green belt, PPEs, awareness
during the construction period is
also a major health concern for the
settlement and workers of the
surrounding.
Labour and working Cumulative impacts due to See mitigation measures in the Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive
conditions labor/workers on-site affecting ESMP. Worker facilities, safety to (negative)
movement of local traffic and be ensured, trained & monitored.
pedestrian traffic conflicts with the Construction-related activities
local population, sanitation, and use shall be planned to minimize
of public amenities large influx or movement of labor
in line with Covid-19 restrictions.
Cumulative Noise Impacts Noise is a localized issue that Such cumulative noise impacts Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive (as
diminishes in intensity with distance will be temporary and will not (negative) existing
from the source. likely occur during sensitive operational
Up-gradation and construction of in nighttime hours. noise levels also
the subproject area can potentially See mitigation measures in the gets reduced
increase construction-related noise ESMP due to planned
impacts on land uses directly measures)
adjacent to the construction sites,
which is in industrial/mixed-use
areas. However, though in an urban
area, the expanse of the river on
one side reduces noise
accumulation from here
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Aspects Potential Impacts Mitigation Significance Geographic Duration Status after
before Spatial Scale Mitigation
Mitigation
Impacts due to noise & Increased level of noise and The impact will be site-specific Low Site/ Local Short-term Minor negative
vibrations: vibration. and temporary. Revisits of faunal (negative) during the
Movement of vehicles Faunal species like birds (Red species are expected after the construction
Machinery such as boring vented bulbul, Tailor bird, Laughing completion of the project. Buffers period
machine, Concrete dove, Purple sunbird, etc.), reptiles shall be planned and arranged as
mixtures, Trucks, (Garden lizard), mammals (Five required.
Excavators, Dumpers, etc. striped palm squirrel) will The development of a green belt
temporarily leave the site. with native herbs, shrubs, and
Noise above 60 dB has been trees is recommended. Partial
reported to interfere with songbird mitigation possible
mating calls.
Impact due to Generation Dust may settle on the leaves of the Dust emission measures like Low Site/ Local Short-term Negligible
of dust & debris surrounding flora and may interfere water sprinkling, using (negative) negative during
Dust generation due to with biological processes. prefabricated material are the construction
heavy vehicular The dust will also disturb the faunal suggested. Buffers shall be period
movement & excavation species. planned and arranged as
Construction & required. Partial mitigation
Demolition debris possible
generated due to
excavation
Impact due to Air Air Pollutants may interfere with Dust suppression measures are to Low Site/ Local Short-term Negligible
Pollution the biological processes of plants. be implemented. All the vehicles (negative) negative during
Emissions from vehicles It may also irritate the faunal shall comply with the PUC construction
and machinery species. certification requirements and period
Air pollution due to site the vehicles shall be maintained
preparation, in good condition. Buffers shall be
infrastructure planned and arranged as
development, building required.
construction, and other
related activities.
Dumping of waste into Dumping waste into the water No dumping of any waste Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive
the lakes bodies may impact the biological generated during the (negative)
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Aspects Potential Impacts Mitigation Significance Geographic Duration Status after
before Spatial Scale Mitigation
Mitigation
process of macrophytes and aquatic construction in the natural water
fauna. It may alter the composition bodies i.e., lakes, rivers, and
of macrophyte by interfering with streams; as in ESMP. All wastes
the nutrient cycle including during O&M of the
existing facility to be managed
well.
Impact on water birds due Noise generated during the Acoustic enclosures are Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive
to Construction Activities construction activities may deter recommended for high noise- Negative due
and Water quality water birds that may use Sabarmati generating instruments. to Long term
improvement banks near the STP site as feeding construction
habitat. activities
Water quality improvement of
discharge due to technology Positive due
upgradation will help improve the to water
overall ecology and in turn, will quality
attract the water birds. improvement
Impacts due to invasive The site already has exotic species Removal of invasive species. Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive
species like Lantana camara, Eucalyptus sp., Using native species for (negative)
Eichhornia crassipes, etc. plantation.
Landscaping and tree Transfer of topsoil/ manure for Removal of any new growth of
plantation landscaping may carry seeds of invasive species. ESMP to be
exotic species. followed
Transfer of sapling bags for
plantation may carry seeds of exotic
species which can later spread in
the area.
Operation Phase
Cumulative Air Quality The subprojects can collectively See mitigation measures in the Low Site/ Local Long-term Minor Positive
Impacts result in air emissions, which will be ESMP (negative)
less than baseline emissions due to
technology up-gradation.
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Aspects Potential Impacts Mitigation Significance Geographic Duration Status after
before Spatial Scale Mitigation
Mitigation
Cumulative Noise Impacts Noise is a localized issue that Cumulative noise impacts will be Low Site/ Local Long-term Minor Positive
diminishes in intensity with distance minimum also due to upgraded (negative)
from the source. equipment, machinery, green
Very minimum noise will be belt.
generated during the operation of See mitigation measures in the
the STP ESMP
Community Health and During operation, cumulative air See mitigation measures in the Low Site/ Local Short-term Positive
Safety impacts and noise impacts will be confined ESMP (negative)
to the STP site. Additional measures
to reduce noise and air impacts by
way of mitigation measures will be
undertaken to keep the air and
noise impacts to a minimum. Better
emergency preparedness plan and
facilities reduce impacts
Cumulative Odor During the operation of STP, Odor Improved technology and Moderate Site/ Local Long Term Positive (when
Nuisance nuisance is expected. It will be prescribed discharge standards compared to
cumulative from all the STPs in the will minimize odor emissions. baseline)
vicinity, near STP premises, and the Odor control system/ unit has
water body to which treated been planned which will address
sewage is discharged. odor issues after upgradation.
Collection and drying of sludge
proposed will reduce the odor
nuisance.
Impacts due to Sabarmati, downstream of Vasna Stringent discharge standards, Major Regional Long term Major Positive
eutrophication, quality of and Fatehwadi Canal will benefit monitoring mechanism
water available for from overall better discharge
downstream uses standards for treated sewage,
which is disposed into these
especially due to Nutrient Removal
A Summary of all Risks and impacts are compiled with impact significance in the following Table 39, for which mitigation measures are described in the
subsequent Chapter.
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Table 41: Summary of Risks and Impacts and their Significance before and after Mitigation
Potential Risks and Negative Impacts Positive Impacts
Impacts
Duration Spatial Reversible Likelihood Magnitude Sensitivity Significance Negative Impacts Significance of
Extent or not Before after Positive Impacts
Mitigation of Considerations in
Negative the Long-Term
impacts Plan/ Mitigation
Preconstruction/ construction
Land use changes Long term Project Irreversible Unlikely Low Low Nil Nil Negligible Positive
extent
Impact on-site and current Short Term Site Reversible Likely High Low Moderate Nil Minor Positive
users Negative
Impacts on Air Short Term Regional Largely Likely Medium Medium Moderate Negligible negative Minor Positive
Reversible negative
Impacts on Water Bodies Short Term Regional Largely Occasional Medium High Minor Negligible Negative Moderate Positive
Reversible negative
Impacts on Soil Short Term Project Largely Occasional Low Medium Minor Negligible negative Minor Positive
extent Reversible negative
Impacts of Noise Short Term Project Largely Occasional Medium Medium Moderate Minor negative Nil
extent Reversible negative
Impacts on health of Short Term Site Reversible Occasional Low Medium Moderate Negligible negative Moderate Positive
Fauna, Flora (biodiversity) negative
Occupational Health and Short Term Site Reversible Likely Low High Moderate Minor Negative Moderate Positive
Safety of workers involved Negative
Community Health and Short Term Local Reversible Likely Low High Moderate Minor Negative Moderate Positive
safety Negative
Disturbance to Cultural Short Term Local Reversible Unlikely Low High Negligible Nil Minor Positive
Heritage, Visual negative
blight/aesthetics
Resettlement and Temporary Local Reversible Unlikely Low High Minor N Minor positive
livelihoods impacts Negative
Impact on Socio-Economic, Long and Subproject Irreversible likely Ranging Medium Moderate Moderate to minor Moderate to high
Households, communities short term or and from low negative
reversible to high
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Potential Risks and Negative Impacts Positive Impacts
Impacts
Duration Spatial Reversible Likelihood Magnitude Sensitivity Significance Negative Impacts Significance of
Extent or not Before after Positive Impacts
Mitigation of Considerations in
Negative the Long-Term
impacts Plan/ Mitigation
location-
specific
Operations and Maintenance
Impacts on Air Short Term Regional reversible Occasional Low High Moderate Minor Negative Moderate Positive
negative
Impacts on Water Short Term Regional Largely Occasional Medium High Major Moderate Negative Major positive
(bypasses in case of Reversible Negative
eventuality / discharge
during floods/other
disasters)
Impacts on Soil Short Term Project reversible Occasional Medium Medium Moderate Minor Negative Major positive
extent negative
Impacts on health of Temporary Site Reversible Occasional Low Medium Minor Negligible negative Major positive
Fauna, Flora (biodiversity) Negative
Occupational Health and Medium Term Site Reversible Occasional Low High Moderate Minor Negative Major positive
Safety of workers involved negative
Community Health and Temporary Local Reversible Occasional Low High Moderate Minor Negative Major positive
safety negative
Flooding and Dam Safety Temporary Regional Largely Occasional Ranging Medium Moderate Minor Negative Nil
Reversible from Low Negative
to High
Resettlement and Temporary Local Reversible Occasional Low High Minor NIL Minor Positive
livelihoods impacts Negative
Impacts on Cultural Temporary Local Reversible Unlikely Negligible High Nil Nil Nil
Heritage, Visual blight
Regional Impacts
Water Quality and Long term Regional Major Positive
Availability
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5.4 Status of Incorporation of ESIA comments in the Draft FR
The draft FR has incorporated the suggestions of ESIA to address climate change and resilience
for the subproject, to address aspects as follows:
i) Increased rainfalls and flooding events: STP plant shall be designed with due
consideration on the HFL of the Sabarmati River. An appropriate stormwater drainage
system shall be proposed to quickly drain off the storm runoff at the site. This will
minimize the impact of the flooding on the STP operations.
ii) Increased temperatures: The temperature increase will raise the likelihood of sewer
corrosion and odor problems especially considering the extreme heat conditions in the
city. The design shall incorporate mechanisms to reduce such impacts. To tackle the issue
with odour, odour control units have been proposed as part of rehabilitating the STP.
iii) Change in flow pattern: Sewage inflow patterns may vary during various times. The Plant
shall be designed following a modular approach which shall help in accommodating any
changes in sewage quantity load. Equalization storage has been included in the sewage
treatment plant for the flow variations to balance out the variability in the flow.
iv) Discharge Quality: The NGT norms will be followed for the treatment of wastewater. The
proposed treatment train includes some flexibility to allow the system to adapt to slightly
different water quality parameters.
v) Reduction of carbon emissions: The opportunities identified under this plan include
carbon sequestration through green belt development (Carbon is sequestrated by plants
by way of photosynthesis and storing carbon as biomass in their boles). These will be
enhanced under this project. A comparison of the GHG emissions reduced through the
subproject intervention is included in the FR.
vi) Reuse and recycle of water: With improved technology resulting in better-treated
sewage, the opportunity to reuse treated sewage increases, also in line with the "Policy
for Reuse of Treated Wastewater" announced by Gujarat government in 2018.
Furthermore, treated wastewater may be sold as a reliable source of water supply to
industries, and design shall incorporate the features to ensure this.
vii) Reduction in water pollution in the Region: Untreated wastewater discharged in water
bodies leads to the presence of bacteria, viruses, and parasites which can cause a
plethora of waterborne diseases. Through treatment, the pollutants in the raw sewage
will be significantly removed thus increasing the quality of effluent, discharged into water
bodies.
viii) Under the DBOT, the contractor shall provide a detailed method statement/schedule for
the rehabilitation of the plant so that treatment of sewage does not get impacted by
construction works on part of STP. No bypass shall be made to the river, without
treatment.
ix) The proposed work involves replacing/ overhauling various units and equipment. The
project shall consider the disposal of sewage, sludge, breakdown of STP, accidental
leakages/ bursts of the sewage, sludge and related impacts on surface water quality and
soil quality, noise generation and air emission due to running of DG sets, pumps and
equipment, sourcing of material, and damage to artefacts/ archeologically important
items during excavation, Tree cutting is required for any additional units’ construction.
The upgradation of STP will incorporate technologies and take steps to make the assets
created/upgraded and resilient to climate changes such as increased rainfall and floods,
increased temperatures, and change in the flow pattern. Since the STP and pumping
station are existing at the site, there will not be any displacement of utilities.
x) Energy-efficient design and components: The designs adopted for 240 MLD STP
upgradation shall be energy efficient or energy saving such as Solar lighting and or Energy
saving fitting (LED lighting) and equipment, motors are fitted with variable frequency
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drive (VFD) to reduce the energy consumption and achieve better energy efficiency. The
selected equipment, installations, pumps & other machinery shall be energy efficient. To
ensure energy efficiency, the bidders who will require minimal electricity usage for the
plant shall be given preference and the project shall ensure replacing high energy-
consuming equipment.
xi) Source of Raw Material: Material used for the construction of subproject components
such as DI pipes, HDPE pipes, sand, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and gravel for
construction works shall be outsourced from authorized vendors and authorized quarries
to ensure that appropriate procedures are followed for extraction of material and
sustainable practices are involved in such process. It is also suggested to source materials
from AMC’s C&D facility to ensure circular economy and resource efficiency.
Additional suggestions to be considered in Final FR
xii) Optimal Design: Design shall ensure minimal rehabilitation / reconstruction requirement
to ensure the suggested discharge standards. Technology suggested shall be weighed in
terms of environmental, social performance as well in addition to economic and other
criteria. Upgradation of existing ASP technology with mechanisms to improve nutrient
removal, MBBR, shall also be considered as an option in addition to the proposed SBR
technology considering the technical difficulties in undertaking large scale modifications
in the existing site
xiii) As against the suggestion in the feasibility report, treated sewage is not proposed for
drinking purposes. Any reuse of treated water (on or off-site), will be only after
Chlorination
xiv) A large solar drying facility may need a large footprint, require proper cleaning and
maintenance (especially in the current location), and need arrangements to dispose of
end-of-life solar panels as per applicable regulations. This may also not help in ensuring
80% dry sludge during the rainy season. Hence, alternate mechanisms shall be explored
at the design stage. Solar Grid connected rooftop to be examined for impacts once the
detailed design is available. All solar installations shall be away from the river and avoid
bird paths. It is important to look at alternate options, other than large scale solar if
adequate disposal facilities are not ensured
xv) Impacts due to flooding and discharge through the Vasna Barrage need to be studied,
and Disaster Management and Emergency Preparedness Plan shall be prepared and
followed by the DBOT contractor
xvi) Useful by-products: Sewage sludge in significant quantity is generated from primary and
secondary treatment tanks during treatment. This by-product shall be tested for
hazardous components if any, and either sent to Gamma Irradiating Facility of AMC for
treatment and upcycling into soil enricher for use; or in case of hazardous content, sent
to Hazardous waste TSDF arranged by AMC. This shall be included in FR, as against the
current mention on using this as a manure
xvii) Consents and Permits: AMC shall renew the consent for existing and rehabilitated STP
amending the Consent Condition for discharge of Treated Sewage into Fatehwadi Canal.
AMC & Irrigation Department shall discuss & decide on the quantity of water required
for such discharge after obtaining permit; and alternate arrangements if any required to
be arranged for irrigation (so as to help with lesser available water for irrigation) as this
discharge will be stopped till permit is obtained. AMC with the support of Irrigation
Department shall undertake a study on reuse of treated effluent for irrigation in line with
the Central Pollution Control Board’s Guidelines of Reuse of Treated Water for Irrigation,
2018, through reputed Agricultural University with stakeholder consultations as per the
Guidelines and after agreement with stakeholders and permit from GPCB discharge the
treated sewage so as to avoid any negative environmental and health issue on
downstream communities. Till such time, the release shall be through Sabarmati, as per
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existing Consent. AMC shall conduct further required studies after obtaining revised
consent from GPCB.
Discharge Standards for treated sewage into Sabarmati:
The discharge standards which sub-project shall comply with for discharge into Sabarmati is
presented in Table 42.
Table 42: Suggested Discharge Standards
Parameter Treated Effluent Discharge Remarks
Quality (mg/l) -ESIA
suggestion for Sabarmati
Disposal only43
Biochemical Oxygen Not to exceed 10 NGT suggested limits, improvement over
Demand (BOD) EP Rules 1986: GENERAL STANDARDS
FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – limit is 30 mg/l)
Chemical Oxygen Demand Not to exceed 50 NGT suggested limits, improvement over
(COD) EP Rules 1986: GENERAL STANDARDS
FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – limit is 250 mg/l)
Total Suspended Solids Not to exceed 20 NGT suggested limits, improvement over
(TSS) EP Rules 1986: GENERAL STANDARDS
FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – limit is 100 mg/l)
pH Between 6.5 to 8.5 PH 5.5 to 9 as per NGT.
As against the FR, treated water is not
proposed for drinking. Considering the
need to improve flora/fauna of
Sabarmati, and outdoor bathing pH
should be 6.5 to 8.5 – within NGT
suggested limits, improvement over EP
Rules 1986: GENERAL STANDARDS FOR
DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS :
Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – limit 5.5 to 9 (as in NGT
norms))
Total Nitrogen (TN) Not to exceed 10 NGT suggested (also takes care of
Ammonia, for Sabarmati discharge)
limits, improvement over EP Rules 1986:
GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE
OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS
PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – limit (as N) 50mg/l, NH3
– 100mg/l)
43 (If
Fatehwadi – Min. NGT std but, then Consent from GPCB, study to ascertain quality based on irrigation needs, in line with
the CPCB guidelines ion Use of Treated Effluent for Irrigation)
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Parameter Treated Effluent Discharge Remarks
Quality (mg/l) -ESIA
suggestion for Sabarmati
Disposal only43
Total Phosphorous (TP) Not to exceed 1 NGT suggested limits, improvement over
EP Rules 1986: GENERAL STANDARDS
FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS – Dissolved Phosphates –
5mg/l)
Faecal Coliform (Most Not to exceed 100 – NGT suggested limits, improvement over
Probable Number per 100 preferred; Not to exceed 230 - MoEFCC Regulations 2017 (limit 1000
millilitres) desirable MPN/100ml) which was a revision by
Government of India over EP Rules 1986:
GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE
OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTANTS PART-A : EFFLUENTS
: Discharge to Surface Water (acceptable
as per WB EHS)
Additional Parameters
TDS Less than2100 mg/l Norms prescribed for irrigation under
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986
DO Min 5mg/l To be ensured (DO is expected to be
taken care of by BOD; but a standard for
DO ensures aerators run for at least
5mg/l minimum; for reducing odour,
necessary for preventing production of
anaerobic gases (obnoxious gases) from
sediments, 44and for Propagation of Wild
life and Fisheries as per Designated Best
use Class of water B: suggested by NGT
for polluted river stretches (Sabarmati:
Kheroj (upstream of Gandhi nagar &
Ahmedabad) to Vautha)
Residual Chlorine at the 0.1-0.2 mg/l if chlorination is proposed
outlet
All other parameters As per EP Rules 1986, General In case of updating of standards by
discharge standards, regulators, the subproject shall comply
suggested by WB EHS with the same
In case of use in irrigation, Consent
Conditions of GPCB and proposed Study
on Use of Treated Sewage will inform any
additional parameter limits
44
https://cpcb.nic.in/NGTMC/T_1_a.pdf: HON’BLE NGT Orders:19.12.2018, 20.09.2018, 08.04.2018 &
06.12.2019, Prepare action plans: 351 identified polluted river stretches - Target: To fit at least for bathing
purposes by 31.03.2021
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CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND
MONITORING PLAN
6.1 Scope of ESMP
The primary objective of environmental and social management and monitoring is to record
environmental and social impacts and risks as a result of project activities and identify the
mitigation measures.
ESMP presents the anticipated impacts and risks, its mitigation measures, and responsibilities
for the mitigation activities. Environmental management and monitoring activities for the
subproject are divided into (a) design, (b) pre-construction, (c) construction, and (d) operation
phases.
ESMP is developed to ensure the subproject is implemented in an environmentally and socially
sustainable manner where all stakeholders understand the risks/ impacts of the subproject
and take appropriate actions to manage the impacts adequately.
Proposed rehabilitation should be designed, constructed, and operated in full compliance
with local building codes, local fire department regulations, local legal/insurance
requirements, and in accordance with an internationally accepted Life and Safety (L&FS)
standard. ESMP will be incorporated in the bid documents while bidding out DBOT contracts
so that the contractor allocates the required resources and mechanisms to implement these
measures.
The DBOT Contractor, through his OHS person who is also a suitably qualified L&FS
professional, shall prepare and submit an L&FS Master Plan based on the proposed design,
including preliminary drawings and specifications, and certify that the design meets the
requirements of WBG General EHS guidelines, AMC Building Byelaws, and National Building
Codes (Part IV Fire and Life Safety) of the Bureau of Indian Standards. This professional should
conduct a review of L&FS systems as part of the commissioning tests for new and renovated
buildings and certify that the construction of the L&FS systems has been carried out following
the accepted design.
6.2 Proposed Environmental and Social Management Plan
The objective of the environmental management plan is to achieve the following objectives:
• Design and Technology implementation: Best available technologies to be implemented
at site with minimum environmental and social impacts such as all equipment should
adhere to environmental norms of noise, air emissions etc
• Good engineering practices are followed during construction and operational phases and
to minimize environmental impacts, e.g. barricading of construction areas, signboards for
hazardous area and excavated areas etc.
• To avoid, or where avoidance is not possible, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for
adverse impacts on workers, affected communities, and the surrounding,
• To ensure that rehabilitation and resettlement of the affected communities if any due to
the project shall be done properly,
• To ensure good occupational health and safety practices during construction and
operation phases at the project. This can be implemented by regular training and SOPs at
the site.
• The pollutant concentration in the workplace does not exceed the NAAQS at given time.
Regular monitoring of workplace and surroundings to be carried out and record needs to
be maintained
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• To monitor impacts on the environment and the effectiveness of mitigation measures
during operation,
• To ensure that the solid waste generated by workers during project construction and
operation, is handled and disposed of in an approved manner; and the construction site
is maintained free of wastes, excavation debris, concrete waste, wood, litter, plastics, and
metal scraps by periodically collecting, segregating, storing, transporting and disposing of
them appropriately. The Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste should be utilised to
the extent possible and rest of it to be sent to the C&D facility for conversion to building
materials.
• Use of recycled material to be promoted at site to the extent possible.
• To ensure that all non-hazardous wastes (such as excavation debris, concrete waste,
wood, plastics, and metal scraps) are segregated at source, recycled, and reused to the
extent possible,
• To ensure that Hazardous wastes (such as used fuel/paint/chemical containers, waste oil,
lubricants, oil rags, contaminated soil, used batteries, etc) are segregated at source and
stored in secure and leak-proof containers before transporting and disposing of them
through Gujarat State Pollution Control Board (GPCB) authorized waste management
agencies,
• Quantum of waste generated across various types and categories of wastes is estimated
and reported to statutory authorities and when required for reporting purposes,
• Energy-efficient fittings, pumps, etc; and solar drying and rooftop solar may be adopted,
only in case suitable maintenance and scientific disposal of end-of-life panels are ensured
• Rainwater harvesting and conservation mechanisms are integrated with the design,
• Use of fly ash bricks wherever, possible,
• Modern construction technologies are adopted such as pre-cast construction to reduce
time and cost.
• Bypass arrangement during O&M period for TSPS maintenance and rehabilitation: The
TSPS may require major rehauling or rehabilitation during 15 years O&M period. In such
period, bypass arrangement should be made in a such a way that it doesn’t impact the
downstream water bodies. Such maintenance needs to be carried out in lean period and
with proper alternative route for bypass water. A prior NOC should also be obtained from
Pollution Control Board (PCB)
Environment, Health, and Safety recommendations for the subproject are recommended to
be followed during the construction and operational phases of the project. ESMP for the
construction phase and operation phase of the project is given in Table 41 below. DBOT
contractor will revise ESMP based on CESIA studies post design finalization and get it approved
from AMC. DBOT contractor will implement CESMP during project implementation.
The Plan specifies measures for addressing the limited negative risks and impacts and for
enhancing the beneficial impacts. In addition, proposed institutional capacity and capacity
building requirements, to check and ensure the effectiveness of the plan throughout the
lifecycle of the project have also been discussed.
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6.3 Proposed Environmental and Social Management Plan
Table 43: ESMP for Rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP
Activity Ref: Potential Negative Mitigation Measures Responsible Agency Source of Funds
ESSs Impact/ Concern
PLANNING, DESIGN, & PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE:
Design for ESS 1 Pollution Prevention • The treated sewage quality for discharge into Sabarmati shall DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
rehabilitation of STP, & 3, & Management, comply with the standards suggested in this ESIA (NGT be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
TSPS, access road 6,10 Biodiversity prescribed standards) and/ or most stringent standards and PMC for Design
Conservation and prescribed by the GPCB NGT regulators at any point of time.
Management. • • Agree / Get Consent for disposal of treated sewage to
Adverse social impacts Fatehwadi Canal, and Quantity to be discharged; based on a
on the neighbouring detailed study through Agricultural University based on the
settlements or CPCB guidance on reuse of treated water for irrigation HFL, and
common properties hydraulic gradient, and impacts of total load on existing tanks
near STP and sludge and facilities to be considered while designing to avoid possible
disposal sites, breakage ad blocks, and overflows that would impact the
Risk of exclusion of discharging water body. Flood impacts and the possibility of
HHs from being Disasters need assessment and detailed onsite Emergency
engaged or covered Preparedness, and Disaster management Plan shall be part of
by sewerage services Detailed Design.
in the design phase • Incorporate the safety measures and emergency preparedness
measures to protect from flooding; based on the study on Dam
Break Analysis & Flooding Stimulation, Preparation of
Inundation and Emergency Action Plan for Vasna Barrage,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat, which AMC will conduct.
• Emergency measures for working with TSPS should be put in
place by AMC.
• Get all permits from GPCB based on Water act/ and all others
for construction and operations
• Incorporate the findings of the STP Audit (Annexure VII) while
designing
• Provision to hold untreated sewage or diversion to other STPs
is required to be made as part of larger Master Planning of
Wastewater Management of AMC, so that during any STP or
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Activity Ref: Potential Negative Mitigation Measures Responsible Agency Source of Funds
ESSs Impact/ Concern
TSPS repair, rehabilitation works, breakdown/ shutoff, the
untreated sewage does not flow into the water body or nearby
premises. Detailed Design shall incorporate mechanisms to
avoid diversion of wet weather flows from STP and TSPS.
• Alternate mechanisms shall be explored other than solar drying
which takes large footprint. In case it is considered, disposal of
end-of-life panels need care; and panels shall be set up away
from Sabarmati and any area of the site which hosts many birds.
• Pumping station to ensure minimum noise generation from
equipment like pumps, motors, blowers and DG set by locating
within a noise containing structure or in an enclosed space (such
as concrete/ brick structure).
• Regular cleaning/ removal of sludge and solid waste to minimize
odor nuisance and its disposal. Responsibility to prepare Sludge
Management Plan is with the Contractor and will be approved
by the AMC. Contractor will have the responsibility to store,
test, transfer sludge for disposal appropriately based on the
monitoring results & existing regulations, as agreed in writing
with AMC during construction and operation. During
monitoring, if hazardous content is detected, sludge will be sent
to TSDF. Contractor shall discuss with AMC the monitoring
results & manage sludge as per Sludge & Waste Management
plan & present plan shall be upgraded in ESIA after finalization.
• Plan will be prepared to collect sludge at constant intervals,
stored properly without contaminating any environmental
components, and disposal in a scientific manner or sale of
sludge as manure (only if found permissible after quality tests).
• Provide proper drainage arrangements and landscaping to
avoid water stagnation on the site during and post-
construction.
• Equipment needs to meet the noise standards as prescribed by
CPCB.
• Use of less noise generating equipment such as submersible
pumps, enclosed generators, etc.
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Activity Ref: Potential Negative Mitigation Measures Responsible Agency Source of Funds
ESSs Impact/ Concern
• Pumping station to ensure minimum noise generation from
equipment like pumps, motors, blowers, and DG set by locating
within a noise-containing structure or in an enclosed space
(such as concrete/ brick structure).
• Proposed treatment technology shall take consideration of high
phenolic compounds in the sewage water and an additional
treatment system needs to be employed.
• Sewage sludge is generated from primary and secondary
treatment tanks during treatment and its processing shall
conform to the CPHEEO standards and US EPA Class A standards
of Faecal coliform of <1000 MPN/g of total dry solids,
Salmonella <3 MPN/g of total dry solids, Enteric viruses <1 PFU/
4g total solids and Viable Helminth Ova <1/4 g total solids or
stringent applicable National standards
• Special attention to include vulnerable groups in project
benefits and continuous stakeholder engagement to ensure
such inclusion.
• Sewage diversion during the construction period and
commissioning of new STP units is not clear in the FR and has to
be scheduled and planned by the DBOT contractor during the
design phase.
• The construction and related activities should be done in phase
wise manner to enable the sewage to be treated in existing or
upcoming units and prevent release of untreated sewage in the
Sabarmati river.
• Site layout planning before design shall clearly demarcate areas
for ancillary uses such as storage and treatment of sludge from
sludge beds and c&d waste, and others as required and
construction shall be initiated in remaining lands.
• Before starting the design plan for remediation and
strengthening and reuse of areas under existing STP, required
studies and measures must be finalised at design stage and pre
construction stages
• Labour colony location to be identified and site demarcated.
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• Site clearance.to be undertaken wherever required.
• Ready mix concrete plant layout to be prepared and clearance
taken
Design to improve ESS3 Inefficient use of • The designs adopted for 240 MLD STP upgradation for energy DBOT Contractor & to be DBOT Contractors
resource efficiency resources, high energy efficiency and savings such as Solar lighting, Energy saving supervised by AMC and Cost for Design
and pollution consumption due to fitting (LED lighting), and equipment, motors are fitted with PMC
prevention inefficient functioning variable frequency drive (VFD) to reduce the energy
of existing systems. consumption and achieve better energy efficiency. The selected
pumps, equipment, appurtenances shall be energy efficient.
• The bidders who will require minimal electricity usage for the
plant shall be given preference and the project shall ensure
replacing high energy-consuming equipment.
• The design/upgradation of STP shall also consider tertiary
treatment of the sewage so that there is reuse of treated
sewage and thus reducing the usage of freshwater source (also
as per Gujarat government policy on reuse of treated sewage)
• Sludge generated from the STP process is being treated in the
Sludge hygienization plant set up for the purpose by AMC.
• The design pipeline to avoid unnecessary excavation by
selecting shortest route.
• Solar lighting/ use of solar energy as much as feasible (provided
disposal at TSDF is arranged, proper storage and use of PPEs
while working with damaged panels are ensured)
• Energy saving fixtures (LED lighting) and equipment, motors
shall be fitted with variable frequency drive (VFD)
Submission of ESS 1 Unsatisfactory • Submission of updated ESMP, monitoring Plans based on DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
updated ESMP, monitoring of detailed design, before initiating any work or preparatory be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
Monitoring Plan, and environmental and activity on any of the project related sites and PMC for Design
reporting schedule social aspects • Appoint environmental, health and safety (EHS) Supervisor and
Social Specialist by Contractor to ensure ESMP implementation
& providing training on management and monitoring;
• Prepare and implement L&FS Plan and other SOPs
• Timely submission of monitoring reports including
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documentation of ESMP implementation (such as photographs,
standardized formats for each of the monitoring parameters,
GR status, etc.)
Preparatory work for All Non-compliance with • Discharge treated sewage into Fatehwadi Canal only after DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
fulfilling releva essential obtaining Consent to this effect from GPCB. All consent be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
mandatory/statutory nt environmental, safety, conditions to be followed strictly and reported periodically by and PMC for Design
compliances ESSs labour requirements, Contractor
special laws and • In case, AMC and irrigation department decides to use treated Study on treated
associated legal sewage for agriculture from the bank supported project, (i) discharge use for
repercussion and cost permit for the same shall be obtained from GPCB (and that AMC Irrigation: Separate
and time overruns has already informed irrigation department that they can under Project Cost, by
discharge into the canal only after receiving permit for this from AMC PIU
GPCB), (ii) AMC & Irrigation Department shall discuss & decide
on the quantity of water required for such discharge after
obtaining permit; (iii) AMC with the support of Irrigation
Department shall undertake a study on reuse of treated effluent
for irrigation in line with the Central Pollution Control Board’s
Guidelines of Reuse of Treated Water for Irrigation, 2018,
through reputed Agricultural University with stakeholder
consultations as per the Guidelines and after agreement with
stakeholders and permit from GPCB, discharge the treated
sewage so as to avoid any negative environmental and health
issue on downstream communities.
• Updating the ESMP and ESIA after finalization of design and risk
prevention/mitigation plan during implementation.
• Preparation of Plans as specified in the ESMP and ESMF as
required by WB ESF and/or national regulations
• Allocation of roles and responsibilities at AMC, Contractors and
sub contractors’ levels
• Legal register for subproject will be formulated and
implemented
• Preparation of plans as required under Indians Laws
• Obtaining No Objection Certificates required from mandatory
and statutory bodies for construction and implementation of
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the project
• Review of contractor’s licenses for various purposes under
various laws for mandatory and statutory compliances
• Preparation of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for various
activities which includes training, PPEs use, templates for
permissions, recording and reporting, by contractors/ PIU
• EC materials for traffic management, contractors’ details,
emergency numbers, signages, details of GRM and GO, etc shall
be planned, printed and displayed during construction, creating
awareness, display of posters etc.
• Training and capacity building of the designated persons for
implementing of various plans
Preparatory work at ESS 1, OHS risk • Raising main is corroded. Necessary repairs shall be conducted. DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
existing plant 2, 3 & • Railings are corroded. Shall be replaced or repaired. Necessary be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
4 signages shall be installed during preparatory work. and PMC for Design
• No storage area for screening waste. Designated storage area
shall be provided. Records of waste volume shall be maintained.
• New Parshall flume flow indicator shall be installed.
• Designated area for grit storage shall be provided and records
shall be maintained.
• Oil leakage in blowers shall be addressed. Air supply line to the
diffuser is damaged and shall be replaced.
• Gasholder tank shall be repaired.
• Laboratory instruments shall be replaced.
• MLSS and DO sensors at Aeration tank shall be replaced
• Alarm system shall be installed
• Disaster management plan shall be revised and implemented.
• Responsibility to prepare Sludge Management Plan is with the
Contractor and will be approved by the AMC. In case sludge is
tested and found nonhazardous, it will be sent to existing AMC
Sludge Hygienization Facility which is this is a Cobalt 60 Gamma
Irradiation Facility. If tested hazardous it shall be sent to the
nearest appropriate Hazardous Waste TSDF for disposal
following the Hazardous Waste Management Rules of Govt of
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India, 2016.Contractor should undertake the activity of
maintenance sludge drying beds during construction and
operation.
• Contractor will have the responsibility to store, test, transfer
sludge for disposal appropriately based on the monitoring
results & existing regulations, as agreed in writing with AMC
during construction and operation.
• For sludge drying beds, and maintenance: Mechanical cleaning
is recommended strongly, and any manual cleaning will be
avoided, to address workers’ health and safety.
• In case the detailed design proposed by the Contractor
interferes with the HT line, the necessary safety measures will
be undertaken and permission for clearance will be obtained by
the Contractor.
Sourcing of raw ESS 3 Degradation of natural • For sourcing of material, the contractor shall obtain DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
material resources construction materials only from the existing government- be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
approved quarries with prior approval of PIU and PMC for Design
• PIU to review, and ensure that proposed quarry sources have
all necessary clearances/ permissions in place prior to approval
• Use recycled material from C&D facility
Accidental leakage, ESS 1, Untreated flow to • Alarm system should be designed in the STP, which may DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
breakdown or failure 3&4 canal/ river indicate any sudden emergency or accident or breakdown or be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
of unit power failure (for existing and proposed plant) and PMC for Design
• Provision of emergency diversion shall be made
Chance Find ESS 8 Loss/ damage of • Chance finds are not anticipated on site, as the proposed work DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
Procedure valuable, historic is rehabilitation of an existing STP. be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
artifacts • Prepare and implement Chance Find Procedure, create and PMC for Design
awareness among the workers, supervisors and engineers
about the chance finds during excavation work. Stop work
immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are
suspected. Follow chance find procedures.
• Inform State Archaeological Department if a find is suspected
and taking any action, they require to ensure its removal or
protection in situ.
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• Contractor protects the site and reports to the Engineer/ PIU,
and refers to local museums and the SPMU for advice
• Hand over artefacts to museum/ cultural management agency
• Review to determine if the excavation can be continued
• Director of Culture and Information office in the locality will be
responsible for managing objects
Snake and scorpion ESS 2 Accidental snake/ • Training/ awareness programs at all the stages of the project DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
bite scorpion bite injury shall be conducted be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
during site works/ • Awareness signages at all critical points and availability of first and PMC for Design
preparatory studies aid on site
• Contact details of fire brigade, nearest hospital and forest
department shall be provided on site
Stakeholder ESS10 Exclusion of • Undertake consultations in accordance with SEP DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
engagement stakeholders in be supervised by AMC Contractors
consultative process or and PMC ESMP Cost
inadequate
consultations
• Construction impacts
Tree cutting ESS 1 Impact on flora and • After finalization of design by DBOT, no of trees required to be DBOT Contractor & to DBOT
&6 fauna cut will be finalized and must be mentioned in the CESMP be supervised by AMC Contractors Cost
• Minimize removal of trees by adapting to site conditions and and PMC for Design
with appropriate layout design/ alignment,
• Obtain prior permission for tree cutting from AMC45.
• Plant and maintain 10 trees for each tree that is removed.
Water logging ESS 1, Temporary • Waste materials to be stored on the higher elevations/ storage DBOT/ Construction Contractor’s cost
3&4 waterlogging due to areas with proper cut off drains. Contractor for site
poor housekeeping, • Avoid storing near storm water run-off channels or any low- preparation and
uneven dumping of lying areas. waste/
construction waste • It should be made sure that excavated areas for road repairs construction
and upgradation shall not result in waterlogging. material storage
45
https://forests.gujarat.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/ease-of-doing-business.pdf
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Excavated debris, soil ESS 1, Stockpile areas, • The excavated soil shall be removed from construction area at DBOT/ Construction Contractor’s cost
disposal and 3&4 storage areas and the earliest for beneficial reuse such as land raising/ filling of Contractor for site
management disposal areas excavated areas. preparation and
• Soil shall be covered with tarpaulin sheets during waste/constructi
transportation. on material
• Soil transportation shall not be done during peak hours and storage
should avoid narrow and heavy traffic routes and important
religious or tourist sites etc.
• Earthen bund, to be provided around the storage areas for
excavated soil and other construction material.
• Completed earthworks to be sealed and/ or re-vegetated at the
earliest with the help of landscape expert
Topsoil conservation ESS 3 Erosion of topsoil/ • Stockpiles shall be stored with tarpaulins to avoid erosion. DBOT/ Construction Contractor’s cost
stockpiles • Stockpile areas to be bordered by berms. Contractor for site
• Stockpile to be done in high/ elevated areas to avoid flow in preparation and
storm water run-off channels and erosion. waste/constructi
on material
storage
C&D waste ESS 1 Impact on solid and • The generated C&D wastes shall be stored at a designated area DBOT / Construction Contractor’s
management &3 water quality inside the plant premises. In case any other area is selected for Contractor ESMP cost
such storage, mitigation measures shall be incorporated in site
specific ESMP
• The waste shall be covered with tarpaulin to avoid emission
from the dumping and runoff from the dumping to prevent
water contamination
• It shall be tried to reuse C&D waste to the maximum extent
within the site for other construction works which may need
additional approvals based on type of materials/ purposes
• The remaining C&D waste shall be disposed as per the C&D
waste rules 2016 and after consultation and approval of AMC,
preferably in AMC C&D facility (1000 TPD) if it can handle the
quantity (39000 Tons during the entire construction period
estimated from three STP upgradations).
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• As soon as the Construction schedules of sub project(s) are
finalized, the PIU team of G-ACRP shall share the schedule and
quantum of C&D waste to be sent to the C&D waste processing
facility. This will enable the SWM Department to make
necessary arrangements for handling the additional C&D waste.
• Prepare C&D waste management plan with clear scheduling on
storage, transfer, recycling, disposal considering cumulative
quantities of all three STP upgradations which would occur at
near around same time.
• Check for contamination and adopt appropriate cleaning,
storage and transport (C&D waste of sewage tanks)
ESS 1 Generation of debris, • Topsoil shall be stored properly and used for agricultural DBOT/ Construction Contractor’s
&3 muck during purpose or development of city parks Contractor ESMP cost
construction • Soil and debris may be managed for planned land filling and
landscaping
• Debris may be suitably stored for backfilling the excavated areas
and disposal of surplus excavated material at a lead up to 50m
suitable site as per direction of Engineer for following depths,
below natural ground/ Road top level. Remaining quantity after
the filling will be sent to the C&D waste treatment plant.
Air quality ESS1, Dust generation and • Prepare and implement dust and noise management plan for DBOT / Construction Contractor’s cost
3&4 emission proposed demolitions Contractor for works,
• Regular Water sprinkling to be done in the construction and material
excavation areas in dry seasons. Water sprinkling to be transport
undertaken for kuccha access road to prevent dust and air
emissions impact on squatter settlement.
• Access road which is unsurfaced (Kuccha) road should be
repaired and compacted before construction to reduce dust,
noise and ensure smooth movement of traffic
• Wetting and covering of excavated material transported by
trucks.
• Provide dust containment enclosures to the site till appropriate
height
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• All the transportation vehicles shall be PUC checked and
maintained in good condition
• Works at Gyaspur as Metro Depot is identified as a potential
contributor to the impact on air quality. However, works are
expected to be completed by the start of STP rehabilitation.
• Else, it is important to discuss with Metro Contractors to plan
and stagger large noise/ vibration emitting activities.
• Monitoring of air pollution in the sludge handling facilities shall
be ensured to provide healthy and safe working environment
for the laborers.
Impact on biodiversity ESS 6 Dust generation due to • Dust suppression through sprinkling of water is recommended, DBOT / Construction Contractor’s cost
due to Generation of heavy vehicular though no water should be sourced from the lakes/ river in the Contractor for works &
dust & debris movement & excavation area. material
Construction & • It is suggested to provide proper covers and enclosures to transport
Demolition debris prevent debris and excavated material to be air borne or flow
generated due to into the water bodies while working near them. Also, a
excavation suitable management plan must be provided to ensure that no
Dust may settle on the debris are left about on the site so that risk of airborne dust
leaves of the and surface run-off into the nearby waterbodies is reduced
surrounding flora and • No debris shall be dumped in waterbodies or any other area
may interfere with than designated for the purpose by AMC
biological processes.
The dust will also disturb
the faunal species.
Impact on biodiversity ESS 6 Emissions from vehicles • All the vehicles used during the construction stage to have Contractor Contractor’s cost
due to change in air and machinery valid PUC certificate for site
quality Air pollution due to site • Vehicles running on cleaner fuel such as CNG are preparation,
preparation, recommended construction
infrastructure • Traffic management shall be carried out to avoid any works, material
development, and other congestion which may cause increase in pollution level transport
related activities.
Air Pollutants may
interfere with biological
processes of plants.
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It may also irritate the
faunal species.
Impact on biodiversity ESS 6 Emissions from vehicles • All the vehicles used during the construction stage to have Contractor Contractor’s cost
due to change in air and machinery valid PUC certificate for site
quality Air pollution due to site • Vehicles running on cleaner fuel such as CNG are preparation,
preparation, recommended construction
infrastructure • Traffic management shall be carried out to avoid any works, material
development, and other congestion which may cause increase in pollution level transport
related activities.
Air Pollutants may
interfere with biological
processes of plants.
It may also irritate the
faunal species.
Noise and vibration ESS 1, Impact on local people • Prepare clear plan and schedule for Demolition of STPs, Contractor PPE under
3&4 especially parts which will create more noise/ vibrations Contractor’s
• Construction activities to be done in daytime after giving prior ESMP cost
intimation to locals, mainly the squatter settlement. Generally,
majority of the inhabitants go out of the area for work in the Less sound
industries emitting
• Night work shall be avoided, wherever possible, which may equipment under
create noise and vibration. Work may also be done on the Equipment cost
riverside to avoid disturbance to the squatter settlement
• Use of low noise and low vibrating equipment and provision of
enclosures for such equipment on site to be encouraged
• Instruments need to meet standards of CPCB
• Provision of PPEs to construction workers; like earmuffs and
plug.
Community and ESS 2 Impact on local people • Increase risk and insecurity of women and girls AMC/Contractor PIU
Labor Health and &4 • Increased risk of GBV/SEA/SH due to labor camp, influx of Implementation
Safety (GBV/SEA/SH) labor and inadequate safety and security mitigation measures. cost
• Night work for women labor should be avoided. Contractors Cost
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• Proper lighting should be arranged in areas where women
labor are working and as far as possible women should be part
of work groups as a safety measure.
• Plan and implement,
• Complaints and grievances made by women on safety and
security issues and concerns should be addressed promptly.
• Implement POSH
• Implement GBV COC on contractors, workers, AMC
Impact on ESS 6 Movement of vehicles, • Workers is pre-sensitized to ensure reduction of noise and Contractor Contractors’ cost
biodiversity due to machinery such as vibration to the least possible levels
noise and vibrations boring machine, • Machinery employed should have been pre-serviced to ensure
concrete mixtures, no more than usual noise is generated during their operation
trucks, excavators, • All equipment must be provided with acoustic enclosures and
dumpers etc. Increased silencers
level of noise and • Provision of suitable noise barriers should be made
vibration. • Prevention of interference with songbird mating by ensuring no
Faunal species like noise during dawn and dusk (when songbirds usually make their
birds (Black Naped Ibis, mating calls) and attempting to keep the noise level low
Purple Rumped
sunbird, Black Drongo,
Cattle egret, Red
vented bulbul, Indian
Robin etc.) and
mammals (Grey
mongoose, Five-striped
palm squirrel etc.) will
leave site temporarily.
Noise above 60 dB has
been reported to
interfere with songbird
mating call.
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Water quality ESS1, Flooding and • Excavation and deep excavation are to be avoided to maximum Contractor Contractors works
2, 3 & stagnation of water extent during monsoon to prevent water stagnation and cost
4 flooding.
• Diversion of untreated sewage to other STP for treatment and
prevent any sewage or untreated sewage from polluting
surface or ground water.
• Prepare plan for diversion of the untreated sewage during
construction period to prevent any issue and concern in the
vicinity or downstream villages.
• Water stagnation can increase incidence of disease related
to polluted water and spread of vector borne disease.
Therefore, during construction period training of workers
and, supervisors for management of such stagnation, if and
regular spraying for prevention of vector borne diseases, to
be conducted through AMC health dept to prevent health
risk for workers and squatter’s settlement.
Impact on Biodiversity ESS 6 Dumping of waste into • While working in the river area measures should be taken that Contractor Contractors works
due to change in the waterbodies may no construction waste, oil etc. shall affect the rivers water cost
water quality impact the biological • Skimming of floating waste is recommended
process of • Use of oil & grease absorbent pads is recommended
macrophytes and
aquatic fauna
It may alter the
composition of
macrophyte by
interfering in nutrient
cycle
Soil and water quality ESS 1, Impact on soil quality • Care to be taken to store fuel and oil (as and if required at site) Contractor Contractor’s cost
2, 3 & and fertility. Water at a place away from any drainage channel/ nalla preferably to
6 quality degradation be stored in drums mounted on a concrete paved/ impervious
platform with slightly raised edges (or suitable arrangements)
so that drums do not get overturned
• There shall be proper channels for any spill to flow to a secure
containment
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• Prepare and maintain inventory of the hazardous material (incl.
asbestos if found) and quantity. Also mention safety risks for
fire and other incidents. PPE required for handling such wastes
shall be mentioned in inventory
• There shall be regular checks to determine any spillage of oil or
fuel.
• Workers will be trained to handle the same and train in safety,
and addressing incidents and accidents
• Mutually reactive/ hazardous material shall be kept away from
each other. Material Data Sheet shall be checked and
precautions to be followed
• Regular cleaning/ removal of sludge and solid waste to minimize
odor nuisance and its disposal shall be ensured by AMC, in their
facilities as per existing regulations.
Aquatic life ESS 6, Impact on aquatic • Prevent discharge of untreated sewage, leachate and chemicals Contractor Contractors’
habitat into surface water bodies material storage,
• Preservation of aquatic habitats by restricting movement of equipment and
people/ equipment into them and preventing entry of works cost
sediments into water bodies
• Keep noise level (e.g., from equipment) to a minimum level, as
certain fauna is very sensitive to loud noise
• Keep only appropriate light levels in areas near nesting sites/
flight pathways
• It is recommended that dawn and dusk time when avifaunal
movement is high shall be excluded from construction schedule
Impact on nearby ESS 1, Land acquisition and • Air quality improvement measures to be implemented Contractor & AMC Project Cost
communities 2, 3 & involuntary • Phase wise development to avoid complete shut-down of the
4 resettlement is not plant and diverting untreated sewage into the river
envisaged. • Diversion of flow to other STPs/Unit during construction phase
Community health and to prevent flow of untreated water into the river/ canal
safety issues due to • Construction of access road to reduce noise, dust and air
pollution caused by air emissions on unpaved (kuccha) road and avoid community
pollution due to vehicle health and safety risks.
movement on kuccha • Include SEA/ SH grievance mechanism in project GRM
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road in construction • Include SEA/ SH related clauses in contractor’s CoC.
phase • Provision of community toilets and drinking water for informal/
Poor water quality in squatter settlements to be provided through existing AMC
downstream villages schemes for such settlement and various other relevant
due to poorly treated schemes depts of the District Administration with nominal
sewage payment to prevent waste of water or use for commercial
Land acquisition and purposes.
involuntary
resettlement is not
envisaged.
Community health and
safety issues due to
pollution
Poor water quality in
downstream villages
due to poorly treated
sewage.
Laying of pipeline may
temporarily affect the
communities in the
vicinity
Increased risk of
insecurity as well as
SEA/SH for women and
girls due to labor influx
Occupational health ESS 1, Occupational Health & • Comply with the Occupational health and Safety aspects of Contractor Contractors
and safety 2, 3 & Safety hazards to various labor related acts of India, WB EHS guidelines and OSHA Design works cost
4 labors and public guidance.
Labour camp • Ensure work permit mechanism, for specialized work; especially PPEs under each
management, Adopting upgradation and replacement of existing components of STP, work costs
EHS best practices gas evacuations, enclosed spaces, depths, foundations, tanks, (additional
TSPS etc. which may be risky emergency PPEs
• Prepare and adopt EHS plan approved by AMC/ PIU which under ESMP
include measures as: (i) excluding the public/ unauthorized costs)
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staff/workers from worksites; (ii) ensure all workers are
provided with and required to use personal protective
equipment (reflectorized vests, footwear, gloves, goggles and
masks) at working times; (iii) providing (H&S) training for
construction site personnel; (iv) documenting procedures to be
followed for all site activities; and (v) maintaining accident
reports and records
• Workers working at height, confined spaces, gaseous spaces
and closed environments need to be given appropriate training
and proper PPE before undertaking work. SOP shall be prepared
for ensuring work is carried out as per SOPs
• Adequate care and training for precautions to be taken to
avoid and treatments in case of scorpion and snake bites
during construction activities. Ensure that anti venom is
available for treatment at site or in the nearest hospital/
health care center
• Power tools not in proper condition should be replaced or
prepared
• Workers should use face shield or Goggles while welding and
cutting work
• Tagging shall be displayed in the Steel Scaffolding and shall be
checked by safety engineer weekly, and the working platform
should be at least 400 mm width for working at heights
• Ensure Electrical DB are kept inside closed shed to prevent
damage from water/dust, keep CO2 fire extinguisher outside
the shed for electrical fire fighting
• Lifeline shall be provided at the edges of slab and worker
should wear safety harness at height work
• Proper standard ladder should be provided for access to areas
at a suitable/appropriate length
• Crane shall only be used to lift the materials not human being
which is very unsafe practice
• Safety Posters must be posted at site to motivate the worker
for safe work
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• Safety Engineer should be available at site to give daily pep
talks and submit the report daily.
• Ensure that labor colony/ camp should be periodically sanitized
and kept clean and hygienic.
• Workers near high noise equipment to be provided with PPEs
like ear plugs and earmuffs.
• Handrails on both sides of walkways close to deep tanks and
STPs need to be ensured.
• Ensure that the contact details of the police or security
company, fire brigade, nearest hospital, forest department and
ambulance services are displayed on site (in languages which
are comprehensible for the workers) and workers are trained to
look at them and reach out for help when required.
• Smaller switches at STP units to be installed with protection
from rainwater to minimize electrical short circuit.
• Proper housekeeping should be done at site and all materials
should be properly stacked with display board. Records shall be
maintained for the same.
• Cleaning/ maintenance, the inlet line and area of confined
spaces like underground pumping stations shall be adequately
vented to ensure that no toxic or hazardous gases are present
in the line.
• Ensure that there is no accumulation of solid/ construction or
hazardous wastes on site, following proper plan for each for
collection, treatment and disposal as per applicable rules and
as agreed by the local body and PCB
• Provide shaded areas for rest, mealtimes, drinking water and
sanitation facilities.
• Medical emergency facilities such as para medical staff. First aid
facilities, isolation center for Covid -19/ or contagious health
issue, ambulance service for incidences and accidents, tie up
with government or private hospital for emergency services,
etc.
• Maintain necessary living accommodation and ancillary
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facilities in functional and hygienic manner in work camps.
Ensure (i) uncontaminated water for drinking, cooking and
washing, (ii) clean eating areas where workers are not exposed
to hazardous or noxious substances; (iii) providing fire
extinguisher at construction site and camps iv) fuel and cooking
facilities in a safe and appropriate area (v) sanitation facilities
are available at all times and (vi) waste management and
segregation of wastes at camp and site.
• Esp. from the perspective of this sub-project, segregation of
labor camps from worksite and restricted entry to site of
excavation and buildings to prevent entry of children, outsiders
and stray animals.
• Proper health and hygiene management plan shall be prepared
for laborers who will be engaged in construction activities
related to the sludge drying beds including plan for periodic
health checkup, and sanitization. This should also include safety
measure to be undertaken while working in these areas.
Storage of Chlorine ESS 1, Land & water • Designated area for the storage of chlorine and polyelectrolyte Contractor Contractors’ cost
and polyelectrolyte 2, 3 & contamination by shall be defined
4 spilling • Log for use of these chemicals shall be maintained
• Chemical spill contingency plan shall be prepared and
implemented
• Obtain consent under Explosives Act 1884 from Petroleum and
Explosives Safety Organization (PESO) for storage of chlorine
cylinders
Community Health ESS 4 Community Health and • Provide safety signage at construction sites & road repairs and Contractor/ Contractors’ cost
and safety safety risk during upgradation visible to public. Sub-contractors
construction due to air • Provide signages for traffic movement and traffic related
pollution (dust & air aspects such as speed limit, height requirements, noise
emissions), traffic restriction, etc. Assign Traffic wardens for heavy movement of
movement, congestion traffic.
& Safety, noise, others) • Advance intimation to the local communities about increased
apart from sludge traffic movement and its duration
disposal, impact of • Ensuring movement of vehicular traffic to and from worksite at
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bypassing untreated non- peak hours.
water during • Provide safety barriers near any trenches, and cover trenches
construction phase on with planks during non-work hours.
neighboring • Contractor’s activities and movement of staff will be restricted
settlements and to designated construction areas. No access to staff/workers to
dependent other sites within the premises.
communities • Water sprinkling on kuccha access roads and construction areas
downstream of within the STP premises.
Fatehwadi Canal/ • Vehicles used for the construction activities shall have the
Sabarmati necessary PUC certificates and regular checks for ensuring
compliances as per local laws.
Environment and • Recycling and the provision of separate waste receptacles for
safety risk during different types of waste shall be maintained.
demolishing of • Grievance registers at gate with security. Training to be
the existing plant provided to contractors, PMC & AMC staff to handle grievances
with respect to community.
• Training of drivers transporting material to site on safety
precautions, speed restrictions, other issues.
• The contractor’s LMP and the condition will include clauses
regarding non-tolerance of GBV and SEA. Any cases of GBV and
SEA will be referred to the appropriate authority following the
GBV Action Plan prepared for the project.
• Alternate design and/ or temporary measures, including
sewage diversion plan to prevent untreated sewage from being
released in the river or Fatehwadi canal during the construction
period and commissioning of STP
• The contractors need to prepare diversion plan for construction
and operation period to ensure smooth flow of sewage for
treatment in the proposed project or adjoining STP
• Alternate traffic routing to be adopted in consultation with
traffic police authorities. This shall be properly displayed well
ahead of diversion areas. Commuters/ citizen shall be
informed through signages, print and social media
• Construction works at busy roads must be completed earlier to
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minimize inconvenience
• The demolishing of the existing plant should be done in phased
manner so that bypass of untreated sewage is minimized. The
defunct digestors may have entrapped methane gas, the
methane gas must be extracted, and air vent should be
provided.
• The contractor must check for the presence of the volatile
material and use gas analyzer as a safety protocol to avoid any
accident
•
Land acquisition Socio ESS 4, Impact due to Land • There are no potential involuntary resettlement issues Contractors’ scope Contractors’ cost
economic status, 5& Acquisition, restriction identified, as there is no land acquisition of private land or
Labour/ employment 10 on movement or inclusion of additional government land for the proposed
opportunities & access, livelihood upgradation
procurement • Ensure that land within the STP compound is encumbrance free
• Ensure timebound restoration of access roads to support
vehicular traffic, so as to minimize inconveniences or livelihoods
related impacts on neighboring squatter settlements and others
using these access roads
• Periodic consultations and information sharing with the local
communities to ensure their engagement with the process and
to manage all land and livelihoods related adverse impacts
• Labor and employment opportunities will be generated during
the construction period. Absorption of daily labor currently
working in plant site for any construction activities in the
proposed upgradation
• Unskilled and semi-skilled labor work can be sourced from the
squatter settlement as per availability and willingness of labor.
Women can also be hired for specific tasks from the squatter
settlement. Since the settlement is in close proximity some
women may be willing to work on site as labor
• Continued access to access road/rivers will be available. There
will be no restrictions on movement of people on access road.
Traffic management plan will be planned and implemented to
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prevent any traffic congestion due to movement of vehicles
transporting materials and labor
• Ensure implementation of health and safety measures for all
workers working on site given the nature of activities
• If contractors’ scope for existing work is being revised, then
revise or give notification well in advance to enable contractors
to make alternative arrangements for staff and sub-contractors
• The contractor’s LMP and the Condition will include clauses
regarding non-tolerance of GBV and SEA. Any cases of GBV and
SEA will be referred to the appropriate authority following the
GBV Action Plan prepared for the project.
• Access road shall be panned in such a way to avoid any
disturbance to the squatter settlement.
Labour camp ESS 2 Undignified living • Labor camps / stay facilities shall be of acceptable living Contractors; to be Contractors’ cost
conditions of labor conditions and safe structures. If a camp is required, stay shall approved by Engineer,
Improper toilet be arranged at appropriate distance from STPs. Construction of AMC PIU
facilities/ amenities labor camp shall not be started before it is approved by the
Conflict with locals Engineer
• Required facilities shall be arranged at the laborer
accommodation facility
• Construction of separate toilets for labor at work site and labor
camp
• Separation of camp from worksite is important
• Separate toilets/bathing/ washing facilities for women labor,
and those with families
• Code of Conduct for workers
• Regular inspection and health check-ups and sanitization
• Adoption of Covid appropriate behavior, distancing norms and
signages/ messages
• Regular training & awareness programs to the workers
• Regulated movement of the workers to work site
• GRM awareness creation and orientation; availability of boards,
registers, complaint boxes at camp
• Fire-extinguishers, first-aid kits, emergency numbers at
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different locations in the camp
Landscaping and tree ESS 6 Impact due to • Removal of exotic species from the area to be developed shall Contractors’ scope Contractors ESMP
plantation introduction of Invasive be undertaken (for existing & proposed plant) cost
species • Use indigenous varieties for plantation of green belt in
Site already have exotic discussion with Garden Department of AMC
species like Pistia sp. • Plantation of local species
Lantana camara, • Topsoil/ manure required for landscaping shall be used from
Eucalyptus sp., the local region.
Eichhornia crassipes • Saplings bags for plantation shall be checked for presence of any
etc. exotic species, if present shall be discarded.
Transfer of topsoil/
manure for landscaping
may carry seeds of
exotic species.
Introduction of
unwanted seeds/
sapling during transfer
of sapling bags for
plantation.
Snake and scorpion ESS 2 Accidental snake/ • Training/ awareness programs at all the stages of the project Contractors’ scope Contractor cost
bite scorpion bite injury shall be conducted.
• Contact details of fire brigade, nearest hospital and forest
department shall be provided on site
• Operation Impacts
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Post-construction ESS 1 Damage due to debris, • Remove all spoils wreckage, debris, rubbish, or temporary Contractor Contractor cost
clean-up &3 spoils, excess structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines, septic tanks)
construction materials. which are no longer required; and
• All excavated roads shall be reinstated to original condition.
Impact on soil and • Road repairs in case of damage during construction works
water quality • All disrupted utilities restored
• All affected structures to be rehabilitated/ compensated
• The work sites to be checked for spills of substances such as oil,
paint, etc. and these shall be cleaned up
• The contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary
services
• Request PIU to report in writing (using prepared format) that
worksites and camps have been vacated and restored to pre-
project conditions before acceptance of work
• Seek feedback from neighboring settlements on clean up
Existing sewage ESS 1 Non-compliance with • Obtain CTO or amendments to existing CTO from Gujarat AMC Operating costs
treatment plant (STP) &3 government Pollution Control Board (GPCB) immediately.
operation regulations – no valid
consent to operate
(CTO) for STP operation
Operation of STP ESS 1 Release of untreated • There shall be daily and monthly monitoring of the treated O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
&3 sewage into water sewage/ parameters and ensuring compliance with PCB
bodies impacting water standards for effluent disposal into surface water bodies
quality • Periodically seek feedback from neighboring settlements on STP
operation and any unidentified/ unintended impacts
Screening waste ESS 1 Unscientific storage & • Screening/ floating waste shall be stored in the closed O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
&3 disposal of screening/ containers and shall be disposed through AMC with written
floating waste consent
• Record of the waste generated and sent for disposal at AMC
designated appropriate place shall be maintained
Solid waste & E- ESS 1 Unscientific storage & • Wastes shall be segregated and stored in closed containers O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
waste, Batteries &3 disposal of wastes • Disposal shall be according to the Solid Waste Management
Rules 2016, E-waste Management Rules 2016, Hazardous
Waste Management Rules or Batteries Rules as applicable
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• Records on wastes generated and disposed shall be maintained
on site
Sludge disposal ESS 1 Disposal of sewage in • The sludge is being treated at Sludge Hygienization plant. O&M Contractor, AMC Contractor cost
improper manner Sludge will be handled by AMC as per regulations. The same
Spillage during transit shall be continued. It shall be tested and if hazardous to be sent
to Hazardous Waste TSDF (follow manifest system, etc. as
applicable) agreed and arranged by AMC. present plan shall be
upgraded in ESIA after finalization. in AMC to prepare plan for
treating / disposal in their facilities (including Hygienization
facility)
• Sludge shall be transported in covered containers to avoid any
spillage during transit
Release of ESS 1 Impacting STP • No wastewater from industrial premises (including domestic O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
unauthorized &3 operation efficiency wastewater) shall be allowed to dispose into municipal sewers in coordination with
industrial effluent • Monitor regularly and ensure that there is no illegal discharge GPCB
through manholes or inspection chambers; conduct public
awareness programs; in coordination with GPCB
Accidental release or ESS 1 Discharge of untreated • Alarm system should be provided in the STP, which may indicate O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
malfunctioning of &3 water into the canal/ any sudden emergency or accident or breakdown or power in coordination with
units river failure. GPCB
• Emergency diversion facility shall used
Air and noise ESS 1 Odor and noise from • Strictly follow standard operating procedures/ operational O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
environment &3 STP manual for operation and maintenance of STP and terminal
Pumping station
• Ensure that operating staff is properly trained and have clear
understanding of odor issues vis a vis its relationship with
operational practices.
• Ensure that pumping cycles are properly followed and there is
no build-up of sewage beyond design volume in the wells.
• Proper handling and regular maintenance of operating
machines including pumps, blowers, generators, air diffusers,
etc.
• The STP and pumping station shall have sufficient buffer zone in
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form of greenbelt to reduce the odor and noise impacts.
• Seek feedback from neighboring settlements/ establishments
General safety ESS 2 Occupational health of • Cleaning/ maintenance, the inlet line and area of confined O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
&4 workers of STP and spaces like underground pumping stations shall be adequately
residents around STP vented to ensure that no toxic or hazardous gases are present
in the line.
• Ensure that there is no accumulation of solid/ construction or
hazardous wastes on site, following proper plan for each for
collection, treatment and disposal as per applicable rules and as
agreed by the local body and PCB
• Safety Posters must be posted at site to motivate the worker for
safe work
Not using PPE ESS 2 Workers may get • PPE' s (Safety shoes, Safety helmet, Full body harness, Safety O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
injured due to not jacket, Gloves) must be provided to the workers while working
using PPE's at at site.
workplace. • Power tools which is not under proper condition should be
Worker’s eyes may get replaced or prepared.
injured due to not • Worker should use face shield or goggles while welding and
using of safety goggles cutting work.
and ace shield while
welding
Electrocution & Fire ESS 2 Electrocution may • Standard operating Procedures (SoP) for working with electric O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
occur due to using of instruments and facilities shall be defined and implemented.
joint electrical cable. • Ensure Electrical DB must be kept inside closed shed to prevent
from water/ dust with a gate outside. Keep CO2 fire
extinguisher outside shed for electrical fire fighting.
• Contact details of nearest fire brigade and hospital shall be
provided on site
House keeping ESS 2 Worker may get injured • Regular housekeeping shall be conducted. Records shall be O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
&4 due to poor maintained for the same.
housekeeping at site. • Storage area for raw material and waste shall be defined and
Vector borne disease appropriate signages shall be informed.
may occur due to lack • Working area shall be periodically sanitized and kept clean and
of poor housekeeping hygienic
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Lack of awareness ESS 2 The incident may occur • Safety Engineer should be available at site to give daily pep talks O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
& 10 due to non-awareness of and submit the report daily
workers at danger zone, • Training/ awareness programs at all the stages of the project
without displaying shall be conducted
safety sign board. • Mock drills shall be conducted frequently
• Records of training/ awareness programs/ mock drills shall be
maintained
Accidents due to ESS 2 Persons fall from height, • SoPs for working conditions shall be defined and implemented O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
working conditions fall, slip, trip, fatality, • All the necessary PPEs shall be used, and checklist/ permit shall
property damage due to be approved prior to working at dangerous areas
access and worker • Tagging should be displayed in the Steel Scaffolding and should
working without check by safety engineer weekly, and the working platform
appropriate safety should be at least 400 mm width
harness, Floor openings. • All the openings should be properly closed at walkway area
• Lifeline should be provided at the edges of slab and worker
Unsafe scaffolding has should wear safety harness at height work
the potential to result to
death or serious injury
of person.
Snake and scorpion ESS 2 Accidental snake/ • Training/ awareness programs at all the stages of the project O&M Contractor/ AMC Contractor cost
bite scorpion bite injury shall be conducted.
• Contact details of fire brigade, nearest hospital and forest
department shall be provided on site
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6.4 Disaster Management and Emergency Preparedness
The purpose of the DMP is to identify potential foreseeable accidents/ emergency situations
and establish and maintain procedures to address or prevent such situations, as well as to test
the effectiveness/review/revise such procedures periodically.
The proponent will insist on development and implementation of an individual emergency
response plan or disaster management plan by every contractor/ stakeholder that will be
involved in the project development. This will be made as a pre-requisite for engagement in
the project.
The plan for emergency and disaster preparedness contains the modalities, roles,
responsibilities and overall implementation of protocols and action plan in the case of
emergencies and disaster. The procedure given in the DMP is also integrated for disaster
preparedness.
6.4.1 Approach to DMP
The basic approach towards preparedness for any major disaster or emergency situation will
comprise of the following activities:
• Identify the potential disasters likely to occur;
• Establish a Disaster/ Emergency Response Team (ERT) to implement emergency
procedures;
• Develop a detailed Emergency/ Disaster Response Plan with details regarding the course
of action to be followed in order to minimize personal injury and property damage in the
event of fire, flood, loss of ground, or natural disaster;
• Train the personnel in planning and responding to an emergency;
• Carry out audits of individual establishments on a regular basis to monitor the Emergency
Response Plans and the corresponding procedures. The audits will include review of the
following:
− The roles and responsibilities of the respective ERT and support organizations;
− Adherence of individual project activities to safe practices; and
− Resource requirements, condition of equipment’s and their availability.
6.4.1.1 Identified Emergency Situations
The potential hazards identified for the project include the following:
• Natural Hazards:
− Floods
− Earthquakes
− Fire hazards
• Technological or Social Hazards
− Transportation accidents
− Hazardous materials releases
− Social disorder
− Food and water supply contamination
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Disaster management plan of Ahmedabad District shows following identified vulnerabilities
for Ahmedabad which also apply directly to this project.
Table 44 Disaster Vulnerability
Type of hazard Vulnerability Vulnerable Area as per DDMP Sub-project related risk
Ranking as per
46
DDMP
Earthquake 15 (High) Entire District Entire plant area
Flood 9 (Moderate) Ahmedabad, Daskori, Dholka, Entire plant area
Dholera, Dhandhuka
Fire 9 (Moderate) Ahmedabad City, Bavla, Plant units
Daskroi
Industrial Accidents i.e., 6 (Moderate) Ahmedabad City, Bavla, Plant units
Accidental gaseous Daskroi
emission (chlorine)
Droughts 6 (Moderate) Viramgram, Detroj, Mandal Not applicable
Food Poisoning 4 (Low) Entire District Construction workers &
STP staff
Epidemic 4 (Low) Entire District Construction workers &
STP staff
Building Collapse 2 (Moderate) Mainly in city area Plant units
6.4.1.2 Proposed Organizational Structure for Disaster Management
Disaster Management Committee
The borrower shall constitute a Disaster Management Committee (DMC) for sub-projects
under G-ACRP. This committee will be headed by Commissioner, Ahmedabad Municipal
Corporation and Urban Development. The DMC will be the apex planning body and will play a
major role in preparedness and mitigation of any disaster. The cell will have the following key
functions:
• Preparation of sub-project specific Disaster Management Plan;
• Setting up of Emergency Control Centre during emergency situations;
• Coordination with District Disaster Control Room of Ahmedabad district;
• To supervise emergency response measures in case of any emergency;
• Keep track of predictable natural hazard events such as floods etc.;
• Organize training and capacity building programs on disaster management for
individual establishments in the Project Region;
• Periodic monitoring of Emergency Response Plans and the corresponding procedures
of individual establishments;
• Organize post –Disaster evaluation and update DMP accordingly;
• Prepare reports and document on Disaster events and submit the same to District
Control Room. The documents shall include:
− Source & cause of Disaster
− Description of the response efforts
− Recommendation for preventive and mitigation measures
46
DDMP Ahmedabad District 2021
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− Plan for upgrading emergency preparedness and response plan
The DMC will have the following members of AMC staff:
• Unit Supervisor
• Administration Department
• Disaster management/ Safety Department
• Electrical Department
• Civil Department
• Environment Department
STP plant during construction and operation phase shall have following assets in admin
building to control and communicate the disastrous conditions,
• Intercom, telephone;
• P and T telephone;
• Breathing apparatus;
• Goggles/ gloves/ helmets;
• Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories (internal, P and T);
• Emergency lamp/ torch light/ batteries;
• Emergency shut-down procedures;
• List of key personnel and list of Emergency coordinators;
• Duties of key personnel;
• Address with telephone numbers and key personnel & departments i.e., police, fire
brigade, hospital etc., emergency coordinator, essential employees;
• Important address and telephone numbers including Government agencies,
neighboring industries and sources of help, outside experts, chemical fact sheets,
population details.
Emergency Response:
The following five steps are involved in an emergency response plan of the plant:
• Discovery and Notification: An event with an imminent threat of turning into an
accident must first be discovered and the discoverer quickly notifies the same to the
plant safety officer.
• Evaluation and Accident Control Initiation: Based on the evaluation of available
information, the safety authority makes a rapid assessment of the severity of the
likely accident and initiates the best course of action.
• Control Measures: Action is first taken to control the accident by eliminating the
causes which may lead to the spread of accident. Measures are also taken to
minimize the damage to personnel, property and environment.
• Cleanup and Disposal: After the accident is effectively contained and controlled, the
cleanup of the site of the accident and safe disposal of waste generated due to the
accident are undertaken.
• Documentation: All aspects of accidents, such as its occurred sequence, control steps
and the extent of the damage and injury, must be documented for subsequent
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analysis of accident for prevention in future, damage estimation, insurance recovery
and compensation payment. It may be noted that some aspects of documentation,
such as, photographs of the site of accident and main objects involved in the
accident, survey for damage estimation, etc. may have to be carried out before the
cleanup and disposal phase. However, the effort in all cases is to recommence the
production as soon as possible.
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Following are the list of identified disasters and proposed management plan:
Table 45 Disaster Management Plan for 240 MLD STP
Type of Precautionary measure Emergency response Post disaster Records to maintain
disaster response
Earthquake Earthquake compliant design. Responsibility of Design Gather in Common refugee area Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
consultant Head count for loss and Root cause analysis
Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for earthquake damage Submit report stating actions
Training & mock drills: Responsibility of DBOT contractor related situation taken to response or rectify the
Communicate to fire brigade issues
Communicate to hospital in case of any injury
Communicate AMC head office
Provide first aid
Flood Design considering flooding history and probable impact Gather in Common refugee area Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
of barrage: Responsibility of Design consultant Head count for loss and Root cause analysis
Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for flood related damage Submit report stating actions
situation taken to response or rectify the
Communicate to fire brigade issues
Communicate to hospital in case of any injury
Communicate AMC head office
Provide first aid
Fire Fire compliant design: Responsibility of Design Gather in Common refugee area Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
consultant Head count for loss and Root cause analysis
Prepare Life and Fire Safety Master Plan, Fire Safety Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for fire related damage Submit report stating actions
Procedures SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor situation taken to response or rectify the
Provide fire management system Communicate to fire brigade issues
• Hydrant system for the entire plant area; Communicate to hospital in case of any injury
• Automatic sprinkler system for STP units; Communicate AMC head office
• Automatic fire foam system for the fuel oil storage; Provide first aid
• Automatic inert gas flooding fire extinguishing system
for the control rooms;
• Portable fire extinguishers for the entire plant area;
and
• Fire detection and alarm system for the STP units
Industrial Leak proof design: Responsibility of Design consultant, Gather in Common refugee area Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
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Type of Precautionary measure Emergency response Post disaster Records to maintain
disaster response
Accidents DBOT contractor Head count for loss and Root cause analysis
i.e., Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for accident-related damage Submit report stating actions
Accidental situation taken to response or rectify the
gaseous Communicate to hospital in case of any injury issues
emission Provide first aid
(chlorine)
Accidents on Implement ESMP OHS measures: Responsibility of DBOT Provide First Aid Root cause Incident/ Accident Register
Site contractor Move to nearest Hospital, preferably considering the analysis marking all accidents –
Prepare SOPs: Responsibility of DBOT contractor type of accident and injury, inform nearest kin Prepare indicative, serious, severe
Provide assistance and support for treatment, Corrective
hospitalisation and transport Action Plan
Arrange insurance claim
Food Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for accident-related Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
Poisoning situation for loss and Root cause analysis
Communicate to hospital damage Submit report stating actions
Communicate to AMC head office taken to response or rectify the
Provide first aid issues
Epidemic/ Prepare SoP, Guidelines: Responsibility of DBOT Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for accident-related Audit for loss Add loss and damage Register
Pandemic contractor situation and damage
Communicate to hospital
Communicate to PIU, AMC head office
Provide first aid
Agitation/ Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for accident-related Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
civil disorder situation for loss and Root cause analysis
Communicate to hospital damage Submit report stating actions
Communicate to AMC head office taken to response or rectify the
Provide first aid issues
Building Prepare SoP: Responsibility of DBOT contractor Gather in Common refugee area Audit the plant Add loss and damage Register
Collapse Training & mock drills, Responsibility of DBOT contractor Head count for loss and Root cause analysis
Follow protocol/ SoP prepared for accident-related damage Submit report stating actions
situation taken to response or rectify the
Communicate to fire brigade issues
Communicate to hospital in case of any injury
Communicate with PIU, AMC head office
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Type of Precautionary measure Emergency response Post disaster Records to maintain
disaster response
Provide first aid
DBOT contractor shall prepare the SoPs for identified disaster situations and update the DMP. DMP shall be integrated with AMCs disaster management
strategies and all the concerned documents shall be submitted to AMC by DBOT contractor.
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6.5 Proposed Monitoring Plan
Environmental monitoring during construction and O&M phase is an important step to assess
the impacts of the proposed project and it will be help in suitably changing/ strengthening the
mitigation measures in terms of air quality, water quality, noise quality etc. Following are the
major impacts identified based on which the monitoring plan is prepared,
1. Air pollution due to construction activities
2. Noise pollution due to construction activities
3. Contamination of river due to diversion of untreated water & oil spill
4. Sourcing raw material from unauthorised sources
5. Chance finding of historic artefact
6. Disposal of C&D waste generated
7. Disposal of Solid waste generated
8. Removal of topsoil
9. Impact on local biodiversity due to construction activities
10. Tree cutting
11. Impact on water quality in case of discharge of sub-optimally treated sewage
12. Soil contamination due to spill and pollutants
13. Occupational Health & Safety impacts during construction & operation phase
14. Community health & Safety
15. Employment opportunities
16. Landscaping & plantation
The project will require statuary clearance, i.e., Consent to Establish (CtE) and Operate (CtO)
from, State Pollution Control Board (SPCB). The CtE and CtO conditions are to be complied
and report submitted to GPCB every half yearly or as suggested in Consent Conditions.
Following Table 46 gives the details of monitoring plan for CtE (during construction phase)
and CtO (O&M phase) to be followed for the project:
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Table 46: Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan: Construction Phase
Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
Construction Project site Implementation of construction stage EMP including dust control, Weekly during Contractor’s staff Staff and
disturbances, noise control, traffic management, and safety measures. construction and consultant costs
nuisances, public environmental are part of
and worker safety specialists of PIU incremental
administration
costs
Ambient air quality 1 location in STP SO2, NOx, RSPM 10µm, PM 2.5µm, CO, Volatile organic Once before Construction Cost for
compounds (VOCs), Methane, Ammonia, H2S, Hydrocarbon (HC) start of Contractor implementation
construction. of monitoring
measures
Quarterly responsibility of
(except contractor
monsoon)
during
construction
Ambient air quality Solar sludge drying CO, CO2 and methane Twice in week Contractor Cost for
beds (for one Month) implementation
– 8 hrs of monitoring
monitoring refer measures
to NAAQS responsibility of
contractor
Inlet sewage and 2 locations Physical parameters: Once before Construction Cost for
outlet treated water (Intake and outfall of Colour, Odour, Temp, pH, turbidity, Total Hardness (Mg & Ca), start of Contractor implementation
parameters STP). TSS, TDS, construction. of monitoring
1 Location measures
Surface water downstream to Chemical parameters: Quarterly responsibility of
outfall in Sabarmati Total alkalinity, Chloride, Total Residual Chlorine, Sulphate, (except contractor
River Nitrate, Fluoride, Na, K, TSS, TDS, Salinity, Total Nitrogen, Total monsoon)
Phosphorus, DO, BOD, COD, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Total Kjeldahl during
Nitrogen, Free Ammonia, Phenol, Oil &Grease, Heavy metals construction
(Copper, Nickel, Lead, Zinc, Manganese, Cadmium, Hexavalent
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
Chromium, Total Chromium, Mercury, Cobalt, Arsenic, Cyanide,
Iron)
Biological Parameters:
Total Coliform, Faecal Coliform, Phytoplankton and zooplankton
Ambient noise 1 location in STP Day time and night-time Once before Construction Cost for
start of Contractor implementation
construction. of monitoring
measures
Quarterly responsibility of
(except contractor
monsoon)
during
construction
Ground water 2 locations Physical parameters: Once before Construction Cost for
quality (Inside plant and Colour, Odour, Temp, pH, turbidity, Total Hardness (Mg & Ca), start of Contractor implementation
outfall of STP) TSS, TDS, construction. of monitoring
measures
Chemical parameters: Quarterly responsibility of
Total alkalinity, Chloride, Total Residual Chlorine, Sulphate, (except contractor
Nitrate, Fluoride, Na, K, Salinity, Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, monsoon)
DO, BOD, COD, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, during
Free Ammonia, phenol, Oil &Grease, Heavy metals (Copper, construction
Nickel, Lead, Zinc, Manganese, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium,
Total Chromium, Mercury, Cobalt, Arsenic, Cyanide, Iron)
Biological Parameters:
Total Coliform, Faecal Coliform, Phytoplankton and zooplankton,
Soil quality 1 location in STP Physical parameters: Once before Construction Cost for
Bulk density, Salinity, Porosity, Texture Class (Percentwise silt, start of Contractor implementation
clay & sand), construction. of monitoring
measures
Chemical parameters:
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
pH, Electrical conductivity, Cation exchange capacity, Sodium, Quarterly responsibility of
Potassium, Nitrogen, Magnesium, Phosphorous, Sodium (except contractor
Absorption Ratio (SAR), Water holding capacity, Iron, Copper, monsoon)
Zinc, Manganese, Nickel, Permeability, physicochemical analysis during
and relevant metals. construction
Sludge analysis 1 location in STP Physical parameters: Once before Construction Cost for
Follow applicable pH, Bulk Density, Conductivity, Moisture Content and Water start of Contractor implementation
national regulations Holding Capacity, Colour & Texture, Odour construction. of monitoring
and latest measures
recommended Chemical parameters: Once in six responsibility of
methodologies Oil & Grease, Total Volatile Solids, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Total months during contractor
Organic Carbon, Phenolic Compounds, Calorific Value, Total construction
Phosphorus, Total Coliform, Faecal Coliform, Arsenic (As), Nickel
(Ni), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr+6), Lead
(Pb), Mercury (Hg), Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP)
Biodiversity 3 locations General vegetation profile, floral diversity & Faunal diversity A Annual Construction Cost for
assessment 1 – Site area species wise list Contractor implementation
2 – Downstream of Assessment of Flora & Fauna species with respect to dominance, of monitoring
Sabarmati River density, frequency, abundance, diversity index, similarity index, measures
3 – Downstream of importance value index [IVI], Shannon Weiner Index etc. of the responsibility of
Fatehwadi canal species to be provided. Methodology used for calculating various contractor
diversity indices along with details of locations of quadrats, size
of quadrats etc. to be reported within the study area in different
ecosystems.
Flora & Fauna under RET categories should be documented using
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources (IUCN) criteria and Botanical Survey of India's Red Data
list along with economic significance. Species diversity curve for
RET species.
Migration information of fauna present
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
Exotic/ Invasive species list
Aquatic ecology – Fish diversity & Fisheries, Macro invertebrates,
zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms, aquatic plants
ESMF Compliance & - ESMF Compliance, Status Report, including any issue with Monthly Monitoring by Cost of
Status report screening results, the status of conduct of ESIAs including Construction monitoring by
required plans like CHMP, BMP; and actions taken for compliance contractor, Construction
on site submission by contractor and
PMC/ E&S cost of
auditor submission by
PMC
Site visit report - Site audit Monthly PMC PMC
Compliance to the - Compliance to the conditions stipulated in the CtO Monthly PMC PMC
CtO
Community 1 location – nearest Issues due to project construction activities Yearly twice Construction Cost for
Consultations residential area, 2 Contractor implementation
locations of monitoring
downstream of measures
Sabarmati River responsibility of
contractor
Grievance Redressal Project area and Registered grievances Monthly or as PMC PMC & PIU
surrounding soon as
grievance
registered
Areas with water Project area and Areas with water stagnation Monthly Construction Cost for
stagnation surrounding Contractor implementation
of monitoring
measures
responsibility of
contractor
Health & Safety Project area and No: of worksite incidents in various project sites (during Monthly Construction Cost for
surrounding Construction and O&M) Contractor implementation
of monitoring
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
measures
responsibility of
contractor
Environmental & Project area and Physical monitoring and working of all the units of STP viz., Annual Construction Cost for
Social Audit surrounding screens, grit chambers, clariflocculators, aeration tanks, Contractor implementation
secondary clarifiers, chlorine contact tank, sludge thickeners, of monitoring
digesters and gas holder tanks. And units like pumps, motors, measures
blowers etc., Any Issues due to rehabilitation works in parts of STP responsibility of
STP inlet – outlet and unit wise quality parameters tested contractor
Any abnormalities like leakage and spillage of oil, grease, sludge
etc.,
Assessment of quality of implementing ESMP/ environmental
management practices
Health and safety risks for workers and communities
Complaints received from civilians/ neighbouring people
General work safety records of the plant
Compliance to CTE (in construction phase) and CTO (in operation
phase) conditions or other regulatory conditions.
Compliances to ESS, National, State and Local laws and
mandatory and statutory compliances including permissions,
consent conditions, labour health, safety, security, welfare, etc.
Implementation of OHS, GRM, various action plans at site
Maintenance of documents, records and reports requisite for site
LMP compliance
Assessment of capacities, technology in achieving NGT/suggested
standards and for design specification
Environmental monitoring analysis pre and post treatment
Sludge generation, quality, treatment and disposal
Generation of wastes, all biproduct and their reuse
Resource efficiency
Availability of staff for E&S at all levels
Monitoring of Corrective Action Plan implementation in case of
incidents if any
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost and
Source of
Funds
Review of Training / Capacity Building
Table 47: Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan: Operation Phase
Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring Frequency Responsibility Cost and Source of Funds
parameters
Ambient air quality 1 location in STP Same as Quarterly (except monsoon) O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
construction phase during construction
Inlet and outlet 2 locations Same as Monthly O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
parameters (Intake and outfall of STP) construction phase
Ambient noise 1 location in STP Day time and Quarterly O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
nighttime
Ground water 2 locations Same as Quarterly (except monsoon) O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
quality (Inside plant and outfall of construction phase
STP)
Soil quality 1 location in STP Same as Quarterly (except monsoon) O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
construction phase
Sludge analysis 1 location in STP Same as Quarterly (except monsoon) O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
construction phase
Biodiversity 3 Locations Same as Annual O&M Contractor O&M Contractors scope
assessment construction phase
ESMF Compliance - Same as Monthly Monitoring by Construction Cost of monitoring by
& Status report construction phase contractor, submission by Construction contractor and
PMC/ E&S auditor cost of submission by PMC
Site visit report - Same as Monthly PMC PMC
construction phase
Compliance to the - Same as Monthly PMC PMC
CtO construction phase
Community 1 location – nearest Same as Yearly twice Construction Contractor Cost for implementation of
Consultations residential area, 2 locations construction phase monitoring measures
responsibility of contractor
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Monitoring field Monitoring location Monitoring Frequency Responsibility Cost and Source of Funds
parameters
downstream of Sabarmati
River
Grievance Project area and surrounding Same as Monthly or as soon as grievance PMC PMC & PIU
Redressal construction phase registered
Areas with water Project area and surrounding Same as Monthly Construction Contractor Cost for implementation of
stagnation construction phase monitoring measures
responsibility of contractor
Health & Safety Project area and surrounding Same as Monthly Construction Contractor Cost for implementation of
construction phase monitoring measures
responsibility of contractor
Environmental & Project area and surrounding Same as Once a year Construction Contractor Cost for implementation of
Social Audit construction phase monitoring measures
responsibility of contractor
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6.6 Estimated Budget for Implementation and Supervision of ESMP
Table 48: Budget for ESMP Implementation
Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
A Monitoring staff & Updating ESIA
Design Pre-
Environmental specialist (Civil/ Environmental Engineer) with construction, Per Contractors Cost- annual
1 12 50,000 600000
minimum 5 years of experience in Construction & Operations Construction, month HR
O&M
Design Pre-
Social specialist with minimum 5 years of experience in construction, Per Contractors Cost- annual
2 12 50,000 600000
Construction & Operations Construction, month HR
O&M
C-ESIA/ CESMP preparation/ updating based on detailed design, Pre-
To be included in Design
3 including results of Flood Risk Assessment Study, preparation of construction, 3000000
Cost of DBOT contractor
EAP, mitigation measures Design
Subtotal (A) NA
B Monitoring measures-
Pre-Construction Phase
Air quality monitoring during pre-construction phase at
locations mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of
Pre-
1 report. The parameters to be monitored are SPM, RPM, SO2, Nos. 1 8,000 8000 Monitoring Cost
Construction
NOx and CO, Lead. Each monitoring schedule shall be over a
duration of 24 hours (in 8-hour shifts), once
Pre-
2 Inlet and outlet parameters of STP Nos. 3 10,000 30000 Monitoring Cost
Construction
Ground Water quality monitoring during pre-construction phase
at locations mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of
report. The sampling shall be carried out once and cover all Pre-
3 Nos. 2 10,000 20000 Monitoring Cost
parameters as per IS10500 including heavy metals. Construction
2 locations at site and 1 near labor camp
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Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
Noise quality monitoring during pre-construction phase at
locations mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of
Pre-
4 report. Each monitoring schedule shall be over a duration of Nos. 1 2000 2000 Monitoring Cost
Construction
12 hours (6AM to 6PM), once. The monitoring shall be carried
out in accordance with CPCB norms.
Pre-
5 Biodiversity assessment – Once in preconstruction stage LS - - 200000 Monitoring Cost
construction
Pre-
6 Sludge analysis during pre-construction phase Nos. 1 15000 15000 Monitoring Cost
Construction
Pre-
7 Soil quality as per the list of parameters mentioned in report Nos. 1 10000 10000 Monitoring Cost
Construction
Pre-
8 Revision of ESMP, Monitoring plan & reporting schedule LS - - 10000 Monitoring Cost
construction
Statutory fee by AMC &
Pre-
9 Consent to Establish Nos 1 350000 350000 application by DBOT
Construction
contractor cost
Training, capacity building of staff, Finalization of ESMP Pre-
10 Nos. 4 2500 10000 ESMP residual Cost
(contractors, sub-contractors). Training for 20 workers/quarter. Construction
Pre-
11 IEC material (pamphlets, poster, banners, etc.) Nos. 1000 3500 9050 ESMP residual Cost
Construction
1250 550
10 5000
GRM (display boards/banners, details of website, Pre-
12 Nos. 50 500 25000 ESMP residual Cost
documentation, etc. for Construction and operation) Construction
To be included in Project
Material covers, sprinkling for dust suppression, preparation of Pre- Costs, but including here
13 LS 100000
cutoff drains, platforms etc. construction for extra coverage in case
of an emergency
Subtotal (B) 789050
Construction Phase
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Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
Air quality monitoring during construction phase at locations
mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of report. The
1 parameters to be monitored are SPM, RPM, SO2, NOx and CO, Construction Nos. 3 10,000 30000 Monitoring Cost
CO2, CH4 and Lead. Each monitoring schedule shall be over a
duration of 24 hours (in 8-hour shifts), once
2 Water sprinkling for dust mitigation Construction LS - - 500000 Monitoring Cost
Ground Water quality monitoring during construction phase at
locations mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of
3 Construction Nos. 6 10,000 60000 Monitoring Cost
report. The sampling shall be carried out once and cover all
parameters as per IS10500 including heavy metals.
Noise quality monitoring during construction phase at locations
mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of report. Each
4 monitoring schedule shall be over a duration of 12 hours (6AM Construction Nos. 3 2000 6000 Monitoring Cost
to 6PM), once. The monitoring shall be carried out in accordance
with CPCB norms.
5 Biodiversity Assessment Construction LS - - 800000 Monitoring Cost
6 Sludge analysis during construction phase Construction Nos. 2 15000 30000 Monitoring Cost
7 Soil quality as per the list of parameters mentioned in report Construction Nos. 3 10000 30000 Monitoring Cost
8 Consultations (quarterly basis) Construction Nos. 40/yearly 40000 Monitoring Cost
9 Tarpaulin for covering soil, storage of raw material etc. Construction LS - - 30000 Monitoring Cost
Actual Cost To be
included in Works Cost.
Solid waste management including C&D waste, MS, Plastic
10 Construction LS - - 200000 Allocation in ESMP
waste & e-waste: Contingency Cost
residual Costs is for
emergency/contingencies
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Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
Actual Cost To be
included in Works Cost.
Allocation in ESMP
11 PPEs & safety instruments for workers Construction LS - - 200000
residual Costs is for
emergency/
contingencies
To Be included in
Contractors Project Work
12 Labor Facilities and Camp Construction LS - 50000 - Costs. This amount here is
lumpsum for any
contingencies
Statutory fee by AMC &
End of the
13 Consent to Operate LS 1 350000 350000 application by DBOT
construction
contractor cost
Subtotal (C) 2770000
Operation Phase - Per year cost
Statutory fee by AMC to
Operation be included in Project
1 CTO Renewable Fee Nos 1 5000 -
Phase Cost application & liaison
by O&M contractor cost
Air quality monitoring during O&M phase at locations
mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of report. The
Operation
2 parameters to be monitored are SPM, RPM, SO2, NOx and CO, Nos. 3 10,000 30000 Monitoring Cost
Phase
CO2, CH4 and Lead. Each monitoring schedule shall be over a
duration of 24 hours (in 8-hour shifts), once
Operation
3 Inlet and outlet parameters of STP Nos. 6 10,000 60000 Monitoring Cost
Phase
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Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
Ground Water quality monitoring during O&M phase at
locations mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of Operation
4 Nos. 6 10,000 60000 Monitoring Cost
report. The sampling shall be carried out once and cover all Phase
parameters as per IS10500 including heavy metals.
Noise quality monitoring during O&M phase at locations
mentioned in Environmental Monitoring Plan of report. Each
Operation
5 monitoring schedule shall be over a duration of 12 hours (6AM Nos. 3 2000 6000 Monitoring Cost
Phase
to 6PM), once. The monitoring shall be carried out in accordance
with CPCB norms.
Operation-
6 Biodiversity Assessment LS - - 800000 Monitoring Cost
annual
7 Sludge analysis during O&M phase Operation Nos. 3 15000 45000 Monitoring Cost
8 Soil quality as per the list of parameters mentioned in report Operation Nos. 3 10000 30000 Monitoring Cost
Greenbelt is to be
included in Project Cost.
Operation
9 Green Belt Maintenance Nos LS - 500000 Here only monitoring cost
Phase
& emergency support
costs included
Actual Cost To be
included in Works Cost.
Solid waste management including C&D waste, MS, Plastic Allocation in ESMP
10 Construction LS - - 100000
waste & e-waste residual Costs is for
emergency/
contingencies
Actual Cost To be
included in Works Cost.
This allocation in ESMP
11 PPEs & safety instruments for workers Construction LS - - 200000
residual Costs is for
emergency/
contingencies
Subtotal (D) 1825000
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Rate
Sr. No. Description Stage Unit Quantity Amount (Rs) Cost Covered by
(Rs)
excludes consent / permit
One-time cost - Preconstruction & Construction Phases (B+C) - - - - 9099050 fees which shall be
included in project cost
O&M Cost - Annual - - - - 1825000 excludes HR cost
excludes consent / permit
Recurring cost O&M period of 15 years - - - - 27375000 fees which shall be
included in project cost
TOTAL ESMP COST including all subproject phases: Monitoring Costs and ESMP Residual Costs (other than those
36474050
included in Contractors Works Costs, Permit/License Costs and Human Resources Cost)
1. DB period is considered as 3 years (refer G56)
2. Pre-construction phase is considered as 1 year (Refer G26)
3. O&M Period is considered as 15 years (Refer G58)
4. HR cost for Environment and Social persons for Contractor is considered for 1 year (Refer G3 and G4)
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6.7 Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) Compliance
Key measures and timeframes required for the subproject to meet the requirements of the
ESSs are as follows: i) AMC will establish and maintain an E&S organizational structure in PIU
with qualified staff to support the management of E&S risks including Environmental,
Biodiversity, Heritage, OHS/CHS, &R, Gender experts as required to prepare E&S mitigation/
management measures; ii) AMC to prepare draft ESIA for subproject 240 MLD STP; iii) Disclose
the Draft Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) in AMC website and WB external
website for the 240 MLD STP; iv) Disclose Draft Stakeholder Engagement Plan; v) AMC to
develop and include the subproject grievance mechanism in SEP and vi) disclosure of the
approved ESCP, vii) prepare bid documents incorporating the approved ESMP requirements,
before initiating the bidding process. These actions would need to be completed before the
Project Appraisal. Final ESCP and ESIA, ESMPs to be disclosed before project negotiations.
• Prepare, and disclose ESIA for Vasna 240 MLD subproject for STP rehabilitation based on
the Feasibility Report to initiate DBOT Contractor procurement following ESMF
procedures
• DBOT contractor to update/ prepare ESIA for 240 MLD based on the proposed detailed
design before initiating any work-related activities
• Design should be responsive to the quality of sewage received at the inlet of the 240 MLD
STP, and measures shall be incorporated to meet the suggested standards
• Bidding documents and contracts to include ESMP and Monitoring Plan to enable the
DBOT contractor to allocate appropriate time, resources (manpower and budget) for
implementing ESMP
• Update as required, get approvals, disclose and implement the Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP) for Proposed Rehabilitation of Vasna 240 MLD STP subproject.
• Obtain environmental clearances, licenses/approvals, and permits under the existing
legal framework that apply to the subproject and all its activities from relevant national
and/or local authorities.
• Incorporate the relevant aspects of the ESCP, ESMS, ESIAs, ESMPs, including the relevant
E&S documents and/or plans, and the Labour Management Procedures, GBV/SEA Action
plan into the ESHS specifications of the procurement documents with contractors.
Thereafter, ensure that the contractors comply with the ESHS specifications of their
respective contracts
• Preparation of Contractors-ESMP that will include Hazardous and non-hazardous waste
management plan, Waste Management Plan (including bio-degradable/non-
biodegradable, C&S, biomedical, E-waste, Hazardous wastes), OHS Plan, SEA/SH Action
Plan, Community Health and Safety Plan, Labour Management Plan, Traffic Management
Plan, Waste Management Plan, Workers’ Camp Management Plan, Cultural Heritage
Management Framework, Biodiversity Management Plan, Life & Fire Safety Plan, IEC
activities, etc. that will be acceptable to AMC, and the World Bank
• Prepare, adopt, and implement occupational, health, and safety (OHS) measures
specified in the LMP.
• Monitor and Supervise OHS at all sites through supervision contractor as an integral part
of construction supervision and Conduct OHS Audit and implement suggested actions to
improve work safety.
• Contractors EHS person shall have qualification in Life & Fire Safety and prepare L&FS
plan and implement the same.
• Monitor all emissions/ discharges/ disposal of wastes from sub project facilities during
construction and operation stages and ensure that the discharges from project facilities
into the environment are as per the latest limits suggested by MoEFCC, GPCB, and
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National Green Tribunal whichever is stringent for each parameter. The technology shall
be upgraded to meet the directions of GPCB in the consent orders, and any stringent
standards suggested by regulators.
• In case of disposal of treated effluent for Irrigation through Fatehwadi Canal, existing
Consent to Operate to be changed and a new one shall be obtained from GPCB to this
effect before discharge through the Canal, following the requirements laid out in CPCBs
and Central Pollution Control Board’s Guidelines of Reuse of Treated Water for Irrigation,
2018 and latest (2019) Guidelines on Discharge of Treated Effluents for Irrigation:
including conducting a study on reuse of treated effluent for irrigation in line with the
Central Pollution Control Board’s Guidelines through reputed Agricultural University with
stakeholder consultations as per the Guidelines and after agreement with stakeholders
and permit from GPCB discharge the treated sewage so as to avoid any negative
environmental and health issue on downstream communities.
• Ensure that pollution from project facilities does not negatively impact the environmental
components and downstream communities. Undertake annual Pollution audit and OHS
audit as part of E&S Audit and confirm this.
• Contractor to monitor and ensure continuous and as required by consent conditions or
any regulation or guidance; quality of treated sewage discharged from the facility or
recycled and reused
• Prepare, adopt, and implement measures and actions to assess and manage specific risks
and impacts to the community arising from Project activities (including risks related to
the behavior of the project workers, labour influx, increased traffic, increased social
interactions between project workers and communities, increased construction
activities, etc.). Incorporate these measures in the Community Health and Safety Plan as
part of Contractors ESMP.
• Outcome/ output of the hydrological and flood assessment shall be incorporated in the
design of STPs at design stage, and subsequently assessed in C-ESIA & mitigation
measures if required included in C-ESMP. Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan
and Disaster Management Plan shall be part of sub project ESIA Operations shall also
follow the latest Disaster Management Plan for Gujarat, and required SOPs and manuals
are to be prepared by the contractor.
• Prepare and implement chance finds procedure described in the ESMPs and include as a
requirement in ESIA/ESMP and also in the procurement documents for civil works
• Training Calendar in ESMF and specific training aspects in ESIA to be followed. Additional
training will be identified during the project implementation period. Provide training for
Project workers on occupational health and safety including on disaster prevention and
emergency preparedness and response
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CHAPTER 7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
7.1 Proposed Institutional Arrangement for Implementation of ESMP, Supervision,
Monitoring
The implementing agency for this project will be Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC).
The subproject will be implemented on DBOT mechanism. Compliance with the
Environmental and Social requirements established in the ESMP will require a sustained intra
and inter agency coordination efforts among key agencies, consultants, and other project
related stakeholder.
For G-ACRP, considering the need to manage E&S aspects sewerage It is recommended to
create a Separate ESF Cell in AMC named the Sustainable Urban Development Unit (SUDU)
in the PIU of AMC, to integrate environmental and social aspects well into all operations of
the drainage Department, those under G-ACRP and all other activities carried out by AMC in
this sector to ensure long term sustainable outcomes and health benefits to the inhabitants.
For overall project support, the services of a Project Management Consultant (PMC) will be
used. The proposed Institutional Framework for E&S Management under G-ACRP is presented
in Figure 37.
Figure 38: Proposed Institutional Framework for E&S Management
• Planning and implementation of ESMP
• Ensuring that the social and environmental protection and mitigation measures in the
ESMP are incorporated in the Contractors ESMP and Construction Environmental and
Social Management Plan (CESMP);
• Ensuring dedicated staff for social and environmental managers to oversee CEMP
implementation
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• Supervision and monitoring of the progress of activities of the consultants and
contractors for the implementation of different components of ESMP
• Provide guidance to AMC, contractors in conducting subsequent monitoring and
reporting and in undertaking corrective options
• Responsible for modifications to the ESMP when unforeseen changes are observed
during implementation.
• Ensure submission of periodical environmental and social management and
monitoring reports to the steering committee
• Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on ESMP implementation
• Ensure the establishment and implementation of an environmental and social
management system;
• Implementation of environmental monitoring measures (such as environmental
quality monitoring, tree plantation, landscaping, wildlife monitoring) during the O/M
stage of the Project.
• Implementation of compliances for labour related aspects such as health, safety,
welfare, payments, amenities, incidents and accidents, labour camp, etc
• Implementation for community health impacts a result of the project related activities
such as dust, traffic movement, noise, etc during construction and operation phase.
• Implementation of management plans prepared for various aspects Chance Find
Procedure, plan for SEA/SH.
• Implement Grievance Redressal Mechanism appropriately.
• Ensure that contractors have displayed all information regarding GRM, Health and
safety, SEA/SH, etc at site/labour camp and at other designated sites.
• Promote improved social and environmental performance through the effective use
of management systems;
• Maintaining documentation and reporting of all implemented action/ management
plans.
• Conducting consultations from time to time as required under implementation.
• External communications with other government, semi-government and non-
government organizations, universities, research institutes in the country on the
matters of mutual interest related to environmental management and filming of
activities to be carried out under the project development.
Contractor:
The contractor will be primarily responsible for preparing CESIA/ CESMP based on detailed
design which he will be preparing implementing the CESMP. Each contractor will be
recommended to have one Environmental Specialist and one Occupational & Social, Health
and Safety (OHS) Specialist, who will be working in close coordination with the environmental
staff of Supervision Consultant of PMU and PIU. The main functions of the contractor with
regard to environmental and social management and monitoring are to:
• Prior to the start of construction, prepare the CESMP and other method statements
and management plans according to requirements of ESMP. The borrower (AMC) shall
Undertake hydrological and flood assessment, including a dam break analysis, return
flood assessments (for various return flood periods) and prepare Emergency Action
Plan prior to the design of the investments (STPs) and allied structure before initiating
Design of STPs which might be impacted. This shall be shared by AMC with the DBOT
contractor. Outcome/ output of this assessment shall be incorporated in the design
of all STPs (by the DBOT contractor) which might be impacted and subsequently
assessed in C-ESIA & mitigation measures if required included in C-ESMP; before
finalizing the design of STP construction/ rehabilitation/ upgrading works. Emergency
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Preparedness and Response Plan and Disaster Management Plan shall be part of all
ESIAs.
• Recruit qualified environmental and social specialists (ESO) and OHS specialist to
ensure compliance with environmental and social contractual obligations and proper
implementation of CESMP;
• Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper implementation of CESMP;
• Prepare monthly reports related to environmental and social management and
monitoring for review and verification by the PIU;
• Prepare and implement an Environmental Management system according to the
requirement specified in ESIA, WG EHS and ISO 14001.
The PMC will have two Environmental experts (one Environmental Engineer and EHS
specialist, and another Environmental Planner/Specialist) and two (2) Social Development and
Gender Experts who will coordinate and support ESF specialists of PIUs during the
preparation, implementation, monitoring, and reporting of E&S aspects. Experts on Cultural
Heritage, Biodiversity Conservation, Hydrology and EHS shall also be made available by the
PMC as required. They will ensure that all records on E&S aspects are up to date and well
maintained and easily accessible in hard and soft form.
Contractors who will implement subprojects on site will have E&S experts and EHS Site officers
to prepare, update ESMPs to reflect actual site/ design aspects, to monitor, ensure, report,
and maintain up-to-date documentation on the implementation of E&S aspects on site
regularly. DBOT contractor or the Consultant who updates E&S documents for DBOT
contractor and deliver capacity building activities shall have Environmental, Biodiversity,
Heritage, R&R, Gender experts as required to update ESIA, ESMP, E&S mitigation/
management measures and work with design consultants on integrating E&S aspects in design
ensure that ESMPs and other aspects are well updated.
Considering the Occupational and Community Health and Safety (OCHS) issues which would
be important while upgrading existing STPs, PMC OCHS specialist/ supervision team will
monitor E&S aspects and OHS aspects on-site and report regularly to PIU as part of CSQA.
Annual E&S Audit will be conducted through third party E&S auditors who will monitor
compliance to ESMF, OCHS on-site (may be same consultants or separate for ESMF
compliance and OHS) and report with suggestive corrective actions for non – compliance.
Three types of monitoring and reporting are envisaged here including Third Party, external,
and Internal. Internal monitoring is a continuous process undertaken by contractors E&S
persons, PMC (who will carry out regular monitoring on all E&S aspects and special monitoring
on OHS and CHS hand in hand with Civil Work Monitoring) and PIU; and a third party will
undertake an annual E&S audit including ESMP compliance and OHS/CHS. Subproject level
monitoring will be as follows:
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Table 49: Subproject Monitoring Schedule
Subproject Stage Category Internal Monitoring External Auditing
Agencies Contractor/ PMC PIU WB Supervision E&S Auditor
Consultant consultant
Design Stage Inclusion of findings of ESIA in Design, Include ESIA Design, BoQ, Bid Clear Design Design Review Annual E&S
Scheduling findings in documents review & Audit, submit
Design, BoQ, Bid suggest to PIU and
documents corrective finalize
Implementation Updating ESMP actions incorporating
Labor Housing / Camp during semi- PIU, WB
annual comments
ESMP, CHMP Implementation
missions/
OHS Management Plan technical
Labor Camp Prepare before visits as
Traffic Management Plan the start of site Review Clear required
works
Waste Management Plan
Water, Air, Noise
Tree cutting, compensatory plantation, and
Green belt
Enhancement measures
ESMP Implementation Daily monitor; Review weekly Review Monthly Review QPR,
OHS & Incident Reporting (Incident Register) submit a weekly report of the report of PMC, verify & Review fortnightly
report to PMC contractor, verify verify on-site suggest and submit a
Labor welfare, Labour Camp (Labor register)
on-site quarterly monthly or as corrective monthly report to
Traffic Management or as required, required, suggest actions PIU
Waste Management (Waste quantity suggest corrective corrective during semi-
Register) actions, prepare a actions, compile annual
Biodiversity, Tree cutting, compensatory monthly report QPRs and submit missions/
plantation, and Green belt (Green Register) with details, to WB technical
Enhancement measures Monitor as corrective actions visits as
Monitoring of environmental and social required/ as per required
parameters plan, submit as
part of the
week’s report
Construction and O&M Stage Monitoring of environmental and social Monitor as per Verify, suggest corrective actions, Review fortnightly Compliance
parameters Plan monitor and submit a Audit Report
monthly report to to AMC, GPCB
PIU
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Contractors E&S Experts and EHS specialists will monitor daily ESMP compliance on-site at the
subproject level, and report weekly to the site engineer. The site Engineer will submit this to
PMC E&S experts who will verify every week or as required, and compile these to prepare
monthly monitoring reports to PIU. PIU also undertakes site visits to monitor once a month or
as appropriate, and compile E&S reports over the quarter and submit to the Bank as part of
the project’s Quarterly Project Monitoring Report (QPR) or as a standalone E&S quarterly
monitoring report highlighting key issues, how issues were managed, and any support
required on E&S.
Designated E&S Specialists/ experts at various levels shall be responsible for overseeing
compliance of the sub-projects to Bank ESF, GoI regulations, and applicable ESMF guidelines.
They shall also regularly review the timely implementation of environment provisions as per
the ESMP. PIUs and the World Bank review and clear E&S documents and hence, CESIA
prepared/updated during design stage will be reviewed and cleared by these agencies. DBOT
Contractor has to prepare his CESIA/ CESMP based on his designs, through separate
consultant hired by him. This will be reviewed by AMC – moderate risk projects will be cleared
by AMC, and substantial risk ESIAs will be cleared by the Bank. Updated ESIA documents
incorporating the impacts and mitigation measures of the detailed design prepared should
only be sent to WB for prior review after PIU’s good quality initial review and sign off. It is also
suggested that PIU share the ESF documents with WB by mentioning specific areas in which
they need clear guidance. PIUs (with PMC support) also report on progress to the Bank during
its six-monthly supervision missions. Corrective actions shall be initiated in a planned manner
as appropriate to ensure compliance with the ESMF/ ESMP measures.
Reporting Formats
Reporting formats shall be developed by PIUs to get progress and results data of the project
from the field. This will also help in synchronizing and streamlining reporting requirements
from the various work sites. These should be part of the Project Operations Manual.
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7.2 Capacity Building
Proposed Capacity Building Schedule is presented in Table 48.
Table 50: Training & Capacity Building Schedule
Target Group Subject Trainers Method Time Frame
Planning and Construction Stage
PIU Project Director/ Environmental and Social Overview: Reputed ESIA Training session Half or One-day
Assistant Project Environmental regulations, and national standards, process of training interactive
Directors, other Staff, impact assessment and identification of mitigation measures, Organizations (Year 1: At Project
ESF/ E&S Experts of importance of EMP & monitoring, and reporting initiation; Year 2:
PIU, PMC other Before Start of
project agencies/ activities; Year 3: Mid
AMC project staff/ Term Corrective)
DBOT Contractor Location: Virtual
Engineers, field Implementation of ESMPs: Reputed ESIA Workshops and Seminars One day interactive,
officers, contractors, Basic features of an ESMP, planning, designing and execution of training Before the
supervision social and environmental mitigation and enhancement measures, Organizations Construction begins,
consultants, including monitoring and evaluation of environmental conditions – during and midpoint of
inspectors of construction and operation. approved schedule,
regulatory agencies ESMP implementation which includes the mitigation measures Year 2 - end, Year 4 -
developed for the management of the social and environmental start and at the close
impacts identified during the impact assessment process, of the Project (Year 5)
implementation schedule, roles and responsibilities of various – near
parties, reporting and monitoring requirements during implementation
construction and operation phase of the subproject. During completion stage
implementation of project by design build operate transfer (DBOT)
model, ESIA and ESMP will also have to be assessed and updated
after finalization of the design and revisions in project footprint,
additional land requirements and any other E&S impacts identified
at a later stage.
Module 1: Environmental Enhancement and Occupational Health
and Safety
- Clearance/ permits/ regulatory aspects
- Cultural Heritage Management on site
- Biodiversity Management on site
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Target Group Subject Trainers Method Time Frame
Planning and Construction Stage
- Occupational Health & Safety Training
- Staff & Labor Code of Conduct
- HIV/AIDS prevention Training, Best hygiene practices
- Emergency Response System
- Behavioural Training
- Implementation of ESMP provisions
Module 2: Review of Subproject Level Environmental Actions
- Review of Environmental Actions at each sub-project
- Lessons learned
Course Corrections
Environmental Environmentally Sound Construction Practices: E&S, EHS, Heritage Seminars, Training session One day interactive,
Engineers, field Waste management and minimization in construction, pollution and Biodiversity and Site visits Before the
officers, contractors, control devices and methods for construction sites and equipment, Specialists PIUs, Construction begins,
supervision Environmental clauses in contract documents and their PMCs, Consultants Year 2 - end, Year 4 -
consultants, implications, Environmental monitoring during construction start and at the close
Supervisors, Line of the Project (Year 5)
departments, PMC – near
implementation
completion stage
Project staff dealing in Social concerns & awareness: ULB/PIU, PMC Training session, Workshops One day; Before the
social matters Monitoring consultants/ organizations specializing in social and Seminars construction begins
management and monitoring to can provide training on social and Every Year during
awareness social awareness concerns community social construction for
concerns & awareness including SWM, sanitation, alcoholism, refresher training.
violence, traffic diversion/ pedestrian safety; labor (management
including Health, safety, security, social, welfare, SEA/SH, etc.)
interaction with communities, gender and social inclusion/ citizens
engagement, as and if required, grievance redressal mechanisms
and addressing grievances.
- Stakeholder Analysis
Participation models in various projects by CBOs, Communities,
Individuals, Private parties, PIUs
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Target Group Subject Trainers Method Time Frame
Planning and Construction Stage
Environmental Monitoring Environmental Performance during Construction: Reputed National Training session, Workshop One day; Before the
engineers, field Monitoring, Air, Water, Soil Erosion, Noise, and effect on wild life ESIA training and site visits construction begins
officers, contractors, and fisheries, Evaluation and Review of results, implementing and Organizations or and Every Year during
supervision ensuring compliances related to Labor (Health, safety, welfare, by hiring adequate construction for
consultants labor camp, payment, training, health check, PPEs etc.),Preparation experts refresher training.
of Contractors ESA, revisions of ESIA and ESMP after finalization of
the design for updating and revisions if and as required, Evaluation
and Review of results, Performance indicators and their
applicability, possible corrective actions, reporting requirements
and mechanisms
Contractor’s staff, Community & Occupational Safety and Health: Reputed National Workshops and seminars One day; Before the
subcontractors Monitoring consultants/ Organizations specializing in community & OHS/CHS training construction begins
occupational, health and safety issues to provide training on this Organizations or and Every Year during
issue, mandatory and statutory compliances regarding labor, by hiring adequate construction for
licenses, permissions and information dissemination. SOP for experts refresher training.
project activities which have identified risks and require specific
training, awareness and PPEs before execution.
Construction laborers Occupational health, waste handling and sanitation at construction Reputed National Training session and One day; Before the
sites/ labor camps, Health, Safety and medical procedure to be ESIA training Workshops construction begins
followed and mandatory PPEs required for activities undertaken. Organizations or and Every Year during
by hiring adequate construction for
experts refresher training.
Construction laborer All aspects and compliances related to labor rights, health, safety, Training session and One day; Before the
security, welfare, code of conduct, amenities and facilities at camp Workshops construction begins
site, labor camp management, mandatory and statutory and Every Year during
compliances, awareness on the labor related GRM, overall construction for
contractor obligations with respect to labor management, etc. refresher training.
Gender awareness, grievance redressal mechanism, safety and
medical services provided, payment made, and procedure
followed, Gender and gender-based violence awareness during
construction and operation activities.
Construction laborer Safe work practices including precautions to be taken and any Reputed National Training session and One day; Before the
(Camp & Site) procedure that needs to be followed due to Covid-19 or any other ESIA training Workshops construction begins
health/medical emergencies, PPEs, first aid box, insurance, Organizations or and Every Year during
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Target Group Subject Trainers Method Time Frame
Planning and Construction Stage
emergency response for accidents and incidents, EHS officers on by hiring adequate construction for
site, traffic management and pedestrian safety etc. experts refresher training.
During Operation Phase
Environmental Long-term Environmental Issues in Project Management: Reputed National Workshops And seminars One day; Before the
engineers, field Designing and implementing environmental surveys for ambient ESIA training construction begins
officers, contractors, air, noise, biological and water quality, data storage, retrieval and Organizations or and Every Year during
analysis, contract documents and environmental clauses, risk by hiring adequate construction for
assessment and management, contingency planning and experts refresher training.
management and value addition. Training of staff/ workers
engagement in O&M on all labor related issues mentioned above
General public and Wildlife protection and environmental protection awareness Reputed National Seminars, workshops Construction and
bridge users program, citizens engagement. ESIA training operation stage
Organizations or
by hiring adequate
experts
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7.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism
One of the main requirements of the ESMP is to implement an effective grievance redress
mechanism in respect of the environmental and social issues of the stakeholder. The types of
grievances stakeholders may raise include, but are not limited to:
• Non-payment of compensation and forceful eviction of project affected people
• Construction related impacts – cracks, damages to structures; dust damaging crops/ trees
• Health and safety, GBV, livelihoods related risks.
• Negative impacts on the environment
• Negative impacts on communities, which may include, but not be limited to financial loss,
physical harm, and nuisance from construction or operational activities and GBV, SEA/SH
AMC has a functional complaint system (CCRS, http://www.amccrs.com) which includes a web
portal and a toll-free number. It records almost 40-50 thousand complaints every month. Any
complaint registered in the system is forwarded to respective zones for action. Each
complaint has a proper system by which it can be escalated if one is not happy with the
resolution. If some complaints come directly to the zonal office (mostly from the urban poor)
they are recorded in the main system. The CCRS is synced with the Gujarat Government’s CM
Helpline and any complaints coming there are also recorded in the system.
• There shall be separate subproject Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) consisting of
following members:
- Project Environmental/ Social Specialist from AMC
- Elected member from Ward/ Zone of project implementation
- Member from PAPs/ workers of the project. Women workers will be encouraged to
participate
- Local CSO working on labour and Gender related issue.
- Women CO/ACO from the Mission Mangalam, Urban Community Development
Department of the AMC.
The main responsibilities of the GRC will be to
(i) provide support to PAPs on problems arising from land/ property acquisition;
(ii) record AP grievances, categorize, and prioritize grievances and resolve them;
(iii) immediately inform the PMU of serious cases; and
(iv) report to PAPs on developments regarding their grievances and decisions of the GRC and
the PMU. Other than disputes relating to ownership rights under the court of law, GRC
will review grievances involving all resettlement benefits, compensation, relocation,
replacement cost, and other assistance; noise, traffic, odor, and other grievances related
to the environment.
The Environmental/ Social Specialist at the project level shall carry out the following as regard
to redressing grievances:
• Ensure that the GRM is in place and is functional
• The GR process/ procedure is inclusive and accessible to all stakeholders with project
grievances
• GRM is accessible for those with grievance related any of the above-mentioned sub
project level grievances.
• The GRM is effective is addressing grievances in a timely and appropriate manner.
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Grievances of PAPs will first be brought to the attention of the site office level of the PIU which
shall be redressed within two weeks from the receipt of complaints. The grievances will be
received through online registration (phone/ email, etc), grievance register maintained at the
security gate. Grievances not redressed by the PIU staff (field level) will be brought to the
Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) which shall be redressed within four weeks from the date
of receiving the complaint at PIU. The chairperson of the GRC shall communicate the
committee’s decision to the aggrieved party in writing and maintain a record of all decisions
related to each case.
Documentation and recording for grievances shall be maintained with details of resolution at
the sub project/ project/ PMU level. Records of grievances will include contact details of the
complainant, the date the complaint was received, nature of the grievance, agreed corrective
actions, and the date the corrective actions were affected, and the outcome.
Consolidated reports will be submitted to GRC and for status of grievances on monthly basis
during construction and quarterly basis during operation phase.
Information about Project/ Sub project GRM shall be published as part of initial disclosure
consultations. Brochures will be distributed during consultations and public meetings, and
posters will be displayed in public places such as in government offices, project offices, at gate
of the project site office, etc. Information about the GRM will also be posted online on the
AMC website. The GRM details including manner of filing grievances, Grievance cell officers,
Grievance officer at site, etc. will be displayed in local language (Gujarati), Hindi, at STP site,
in labor camps and in contractors and sub-contractor’s office at site and with supervisors.
Grievance register will also be maintained at the gate/security office at gate of the STP
premises and labor camp in local language (Gujarati)/ Hindi.
Complainants not satisfied with the GRM process of the sub project/AMC can approach the
mandatory body/authorities such as the CPCB or the Gujarat Government’s CM Helpline or
take recourse in the legal system and approach the civil courts.
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CHAPTER 8. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
8.1 Objectives of Public Consultation
The objectives of the public consultations for the project and for this ESIA is to:
• Inform and disclose the proposed project to the stakeholders.
• Assess the stakeholder interest and involvement with the proposed project
• Enable them to give their views and option with respect to the project.
• Ensure that appropriate project information on environmental and social risks and
impacts is disclosed to stakeholders in a timely, understandable, accessible, and
appropriate manner and format.
• Provide a means for effective and inclusive engagement with project affected parties
throughout the project life cycle.
8.2 Legal Requirements
ESS 10 recognizes the importance of open and transparent engagement between the
Borrower and project stakeholders as an essential element of good international practice.
Effective stakeholder engagement can improve the environmental and social sustainability of
projects, enhance project acceptance, and make a significant contribution to successful
project design and implementation.
Consultations also have to be conducted for any mandatory land acquisition under The Right
to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Act, 2013, and in Scheduled areas or if the displaced/affected population is largely from
Scheduled Tribes.
8.3 Approach to Public Consultation
Consultations have been carried out for information, participation and disclosure.
Consultations have been carried out with various stakeholders including squatters’ settlement
inhabitants, STP operators, AMC officials during preparation of ESIA for sub project and SEP
for G-ACRP project. Due to Covid -19 pandemic and restrictions, consultations were carried
out, from August to November 2021, online and as well as in person and due precautions were
followed for site activities. Outcome of the consultation is given below:
Table 51: Outcome of Consultations
Group Key points raised
Urban Poor/slum dwellers/ • Migrants have faced loss of income and earnings due to pandemic.
migrants/squatters Income is gradually picking up.
Villagers in Juhapura • Daily wage labour, mostly skilled and unskilled workers.
(adjoining 126 MLD STP, • Family size is between 5 to 10 people with 3 to 10 children.
Gyaspur and Squatter • For Health and Education, they use AMC, municipal services.
settlement (adjoining • Squatter households do not have access to some municipal services
Vasna, approx. distance such as drainage and sanitation as it is a squatter settlement. People
from STP - 10 m) 14: 2 mostly practice open defecation near highway or forest areas and
women, 12 men other areas which are accessible to them.
Disclosure for 126 MLD STP • Some squatters have approached concerned Government depts such
61 females and males as electricity dept for providing meters and power supply, water
supply dept for providing tap water.
• Migrants are mainly working in industries and labour work,
construction etc.
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• In Juhapura, formal/ informal settlement adjoining the 126 STP, there
are issues with respect to lack of sanitation, infrastructure and other
amenities. Odor traffic related issues were not of concern.
• For resolving grievances related to municipal services such as
provision of water supply and electricity, people approach local
municipal staff at field level or NGOs working in the squatter
settlement.
• They draw water from the borewell and groundwater is of very poor
quality.
• People were not aware of the online GRM of the AMC and were
comfortable with face-to-face interactions at local level or near
habitation.
• Squatter settlement did not have any specific issues related to
upgradation and have experienced odour issues rarely in the past.
They have informed the security personnel at the STP gate about the
issue and asked them to inform the senior officials at STP for resolving
the same.
• Some of them have goats which fall ill when take to the Sabarmati
river for drinking and bathing.
Downstream users’ villages • The water is received from Fatehwadi canal and Sabarmati River is
and Fatehwadi canal – not of good quality as its not properly treated in the STP. Villagers
sarpanch/ex-sarpanch do not prefer to use Sabarmati water as it is not good for any use.
(telephonic) • The villagers use borewell and tube well water for drinking and
farming.
• They expect to receive the water from Narmada Main Canal.
• In Saroda village health issues were reported due to polluted water.
• Many industries have adopted reverse boring practices and it has
completely deteriorated the ground water quality. Even borewell
water colour is red many times. This caused skin diseases. Even the
crops are damaged
• Agricultural land is 100m-150m away from banks of Sabarmati River
and has started hardening and non-productive. RWH is option that
seems to feasible in now-a-days
3 NGOs with total of 4 • NGOs that are working on issue of housing for the urban poor in
women respondents. Ahmedabad reported that in Ahmedabad city, housing was
provided to LIG/urban poor due to infrastructure development and
other projects and removal of encroachments which LIG
households refused and preferred staying in shanties and
encroachment on roads.
• Construction workers need to be provided with better civic
amenities at construction sites
• During pandemic time health and hygiene issues were neglected
• There could be several settlements which are on encroached land
or houses are on the drain. Some of the slums have issue of
drainage and mixing of drinking water with drain water.
• In periphery slums individual connection of sewer lines is a problem.
They have mostly soak pits.
• Solid waste is collected but not recycled.
• Vulnerable groups do not have access to the GRM of AMC.
Contractors- 3 Nos. Inputs from Contractors based on their past experience with similar projects:
• to be on an equal platform and have equal bearing on both parties.
• Time and cost increase if there are constraints in implementing
• Health issues in some workers working in STP. Issues related to
odour.
• All policies and compliances are included in RFP and tender
document
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• Lesser women work in STP in Vasna due to time duration on travel,
remoteness of site etc.
• Issues related to STP include, old equipment, weathering of
machinery and equipment. Need to assess if modification to
existing features and equipment can result in better performance
of the machinery and equipment.
• There are instances of influx of heavy chemical water into the
sewage which may impact the durability of the structure and
equipment.
• For addressing any issue or concern, contractors have a day-to-day
contact with AMC for taking up any issues related to their work.
They occasionally speak to Exe engineers or CE if required. Since
they have a specific mandate and most aspects are covered in RFP,
grievances are reduced.
• Solar power is not used in any of the STPs
• Rainwater harvesting is not implemented in any of the STPs
Draft ESIA and ESMP (mitigation were discussed47 with the identified communities and groups and outcomes are
presented below:
Squatter settlement • Dust will be reduced and condition would be better for pedestrian. It would
benefit for the settlement inhabitants.
• Provisions of drinking water, electricity and sanitation for the settlement from
AMC.
• Reduction in crime if there is street lighting in the area.
• Availability of labour opportunities for people in settlement during
construction or operation in the STP.
• Mechanism if there are any problems during construction, how can they
complain and to whom.
• Safety and security of the inhabitants (especially women and children) if
labour camp is set up in the community.
Juhapura • Road repairs and upgradation would benefit the people. Road repairs and
upgradation should be extended as public from Juhapura use the access road
by walking and by two wheelers.
• Anticipate decrease in odor in Fatehwadi canal, in operation.
• Anticipate decrease in mosquitoes and insects in the locality.
• Anticipate Increase in noise and traffic issues during construction. mitigation
of the same was discussed.
Downstream Villages • Issue of pollution is with reference to industrial releases in the river which has
impacted downstream villages. Matter should be addressed by GPCB. Villages
have approached the GPCB and court.
• New action of AMC disconnecting industrial outlets into river and AMC drains
will help reduce pollution.
• Water should be treated and good quality should be released so that farmers
in the downstream villagers can benefit.
• Government should initiate water/ sewage treatment plants for river water in
the downstream villages.
• There should be more control over factory releases as sewage water is not the
issue, industrial effluents is a problem.
47
February and March 2022
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• People want to be informed about the details of the GRM for the river
pollution so that they can approach concerned authorities not necessarily
AMC as issue is directly related to GPCB, not AMC.
• Want to be informed about measures taken to prevent release of sewage
water in river during construction or if volume is greater than plant treatment
capacity.
Disclosure of the ESMF and Draft • Institutional framework, Review project details, baseline, improvements of
ESIA quality of water in Sabarmati by improved project technology. Monitoring of
the E&S aspects. All these are described in the ESIA and ESMP. All bodies
involved in the process, roles and responsibilities of different organizations
under this projects such as AMC, PIUDC, GUDA, etc.
• There is no land acquisition in these projects.
• Samples are collected: noise quality, sludge, air, water etc. and analysed.
Details are given in the ESIA report and mitigation measures are described in
the ESMP
• Findings of the project. Not ecological sensitive areas in Ahmedabad. Air
pollution concerns
• CND wastes, improvement of water quality and sludge post implementation.
• water quality in Sabarmati river will improved due to technology and NGT
standards.
• PMC will be appointed for the project. Participants to give their comments,
views and suggestion for the ESIA and ESMP uploaded.
• Upgradation of other STPS, considering the total sewage received for city,
Storm water and gutter connection was taken by residents after payment and
the same has been removed by AMC. What is proposed to be done to rectify
this issue.
• How will the sewage generated and bypass be dealt with during construction
period of 126 MLD STP?
• How will the untreated industrial effluents from common ETPS be treated?
• Census 2011 data has been used. Recent data should be used.
• Many workers/labour will be hired. There are violations of labour standards
and non-compliance in AMC projects. Many workers have lost their lives and
health and safety compliances are violated especially in storm water works.
• AMC gives funds for labour welfare for workers. There is committee to raise
the violation. Rehabilitation of the migrants’ colonies who may be affected
and who don’t have drinking water, sanitation and other facilities.
• Are details for use of treated water in industries is available.
The ESIA for Upgradation of Vasna 240 MLD STP addresses the above suggestions
of the stakeholders by including monitoring of noise, sludge, air and water and its
analysis for defining the baseline and mitigation measures. The project suggests
improved management of all wastes and treated water quality to confirm with
latest NGT suggested standards. Labour health and Safety will be given high
priority and appropriate measures to follow and monitor labour regulations have
been suggested in the ESMP.
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8.4 Information Disclosure
The stakeholder consultations are a continuous process carried out through the project life
cycle. During preparation of the ESIA, consultations were carried out in line with the SEP and
key features of the project, the proposed area and components were disclosed. Based on
experience with similar projects, likely impacts during the implementation stage and potential
impacts were also discussed. Draft ESIA will be disclosed on the website of AMC and the World
Bank before Project Appraisal. After consultations and finalisation, it will be redisclosed again
in the respective websites and other accessible locations. Summaries will be provided in
Gujarati. The stakeholder consultation details are presented in Annexure VIII.
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ANNEXURES
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ANNEXURE I: INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION
Subproject Details
Name of Subproject: Upgradation Of Existing 240 MLD STP and Associated
Infrastructure Including One Terminal Sewage Pump Station At
Vasna, Ahmedabad
Subproject Components: (mention all subproject Rehabilitation of existing 240 MLD STP at Vasna
components including Networks, Treatment Access road surfacing
Plants, Disposal Arrangements, etc.) Essential repairs to Terminal Pumping Station
Associated Facilities if any (Refer ESS 1 for Rehabilitation of the Existing STP is proposed. There is no
Associated facilities) capacity augmentation
Subproject Location (City/ Town/ Village with Ward No 52 Sarkhej, Ahmedabad, Gujarat,
ward numbers):
Stage 1: Exclusion List
Check the following criteria to confirm if the sub-project is excluded from consideration:
Sl No: Non-permissible Activities Yes/ No Description
1 Sub-projects in sites/ locations which should be excluded No Upgradation in existing STP site for
as per prevailing Rules/ Laws on Natural Habitats and 240MLD.
Forests or Archeologically Protected Monuments The consolidated Consent and
(National, State, Local): (i) any construction in demarcated Authorization (CC&A) Order No. W-
Forest areas or protected natural areas or their buffers, WH-58671 was valid up to
(ii) any subproject which would result in untreated 28/07/2018
effluent in critical natural habitats, (iii) any subproject Since existing STP is on banks of the
which shall be excluded as per AMASR Act river, chance find procedures may
be incorporated for any new
construction activity for any
component proposed within the
premises.
3 Sub-projects in sites/ locations which should be excluded No Up gradation in existing STP site for
as per applicable siting criteria prescribed by GPCB, 240MLD.
Master Plan, Excluded Disaster Zones, or other applicable The consolidated Consent and
criteria (National, State, Local Body) Authorization (CC&A) Order No. W-
WH-58671 was valid up to
28/07/2018
3 Subprojects involving (i) Activities that impact the safety No Existing STP and no projects under
of Dams, (ii) purchase, storage, and use of Banned 1 or 2.
Pesticides/ Insecticides/ chemicals
(Do not proceed to Stage 2; if the subproject is Excluded as per Stage 1 Exclusion List)
Name & Designation of Designated Official in charge:
Signature:
Date:
Verified by: Environmental Specialist of PIU (mark whichever is applicable)
Excluded from the Project Proceed to Stage 2
Name:
Signature:
Date:
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Stage 2: Environmental Screening Checklist
Project Details
Sl. No Components Details
1 Sub-project components Upgradation of existing process
Conversion of existing process with available technology meeting the
requirement of NGT standards with corresponding qualitative and
quantitative parameters.
2 Details of Alignment/ Upgradation of existing what process
Components: (main
components including
construction activities, Conversion of existing process with available technology meeting the
environmental requirement of NGT standards with corresponding qualitative and
infrastructures like STP/ TTP quantitative parameters.
and pipelines, disposal of
treated/ untreated effluent,
sludge, and other by-
products
3 Location of the Project Sites Purpose Current/ Survey Geo Co- Ownership Area
& Landuse (Provide Historic No: ordinates (Sqm)
information for all sites Landuse
involved in the project;
STP STP AMC 22°58'52.07"N AMC 214117
including for Disposal/
72°31'35.73"E sq.m.
Discharge points, linked
activities/ associated
facilities) (attach map)
4 Quantity of Water Required Approximately 25KLD from existing supply at STP
for Construction and Annual
There would be limited water requirement during operation period for admin
Operations with Details of
block and lab, which is about 0.5KL/ day, i.e., about 200Kl/ year.
Source/s (Ground/ Surface)
5 Power Required and Source Temporary connection of 415V supply would be taken from Torrent Power
of Power during construction period. It will be upgraded to 11KV during actual
operation of the plant.
6 Any Raw material, the Considering the open technology tender the expected raw materials and
chemical used for treatment chemicals are as below:
1. Chlorine (This may be replaced with UV technology based on the proposed
technology by contractor)
2. Polyelectrolyte: This will be required for conditioning of sludge.
7 Estimated quantity of Quantity of Quantity of Sludge Quantity of Effluent
wastes, sludge, effluent Wastes (Kg/ Day) expected (Kg/ Day) (litres/ day)
(treated/ untreated) Treated Untreated
- 24-25 Tons/day 228 -
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Baseline Environmental Conditions
Sl Environmental Aspects Yes/ Distance Details on its Importance
NO: No in
meters
1 Is the project site located on or
adjacent to any of the following
(Provide Distance to these features in
meters)
(i) Cultural Heritage site, protected NO 1000 Existing 240 MLD STP functioning is proposed to
monuments - listed by ASI/ State/ Local be upgraded. There are no such structures or
Body monuments with 500 metres of the STP and
nearest monument is Fateh Baug fort which is at
a distance of 1 km from the site
(ii) Culturally – socially important paths, NO - Not applicable.
areas/ religious occupancies, burial Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri
grounds, tourist, or pilgrim Kabrastan) is located 50 m away from the STP
congregation areas, borders, etc. boundary and is accessible by highway 64 and also
through access road. It is located 750 m from the
STP gate.
Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is
located 500 m away from boundary and from the
gate it is about 1.2 kms. Therefore, impacts on the
same is not anticipated due to project activities as
access roads to the cemetery and church will be
from alternate route from Highway 64.
(iii) Eco-sensitive Areas (ESAs) or Critically NO - Not Applicable.
Vulnerable Coastal Areas (CVCAs)
(iv) Natural Forests/ Protected Areas/ NO - Thol Sanctuary at a distance of around 20 km from
Bio-Reserves Is the subproject in an site
eco-sensitive or adjoining an eco-
sensitive area, with any schedule 1
species? If Yes, which are the area and
species?
(v) Other Wetlands/ Mangrove/ Estuarine Yes - Outflow of the project is connected to the
Region Sabarmati River
(vi) Natural Habitat areas, Ponds, Lakes, Yes ~40m Located on the Banks of the River Sabarmati in
Rivers, Streams, Canals, Ahmedabad. Outflow of the project is connected
roosting/nesting areas, spawning to the Sabarmati River
areas, breeding areas; areas with
natural features like waterfalls, sacred
groves
(vii) Other Sensitive Environmental No - Proposed development will be carried out within
Components listed in ESMF the existing STP.
(viii) Yes Water is used for irrigation, During consultations
issue of untreated sewage and effluents being
Drinking water source (Ground, released downstream has been raised.
Surface), upstream and downstream Drinking water and for domestic use is drawn
uses of rivers, etc. from the borewell as per online discussion with
some of the downstream village leaders/
sarpanch/ ex-sarpanch.
(ix) No Not applicable. The area is around 40m from
Low-lying areas/ areas of Tidal
Sabarmati River and at higher elevation (approx.
Influence (provide CRZ details)
44 m) than the riverbank (Approx. 34 m.)
(x) No Located in non-residential areas. Other STPs are
Sensitive Receptors – a) Habitations/
located nearby and there is a squatter settlement
Households/ Hostels, other special
near the STPs. Not applicable.
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Sl Environmental Aspects Yes/ Distance Details on its Importance
NO: No in
meters
areas, etc. b) School c) Religious Places Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri
d) Tourist Areas Kabrastan) is located 50 m away from the STP
boundary and is accessible by highway 64 and also
through service access road.
It is located 750 m from the STP gate.
Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is
located 500 m away from boundary and from the
gate it is about 1.2 kms. Therefore, impacts on the
same is not anticipated due to project activities as
access roads to the cemetery and church will be
from alternate route from Highway 64.
2 Is the site in Critical/ Over Exploited Yes Ahmedabad city falls under “over exploited
Ground Water Block. Provide the level region�? of ground water.
of the groundwater table
3 Is the site vulnerable to major natural Yes Site is vulnerable due to flooding in the and
or induced hazards such as Sabarmati.
Earthquakes, Landslides, Flooding, Ahmedabad falls under Zone III: Moderate
Storm surge, Severe wind damage, Damage Risk Zone.
Fire, Explosion, Other (specify) Previously occurred earthquakes were of <4.0-5.0
magnitude.
4 Yes Trees and Shrubs observed which were planted
Describe the type of soil and
during STP development. The site soil is
vegetation on site
predominantly alluvial.
5 Is the site present in the flood plains as No Site is 40 metres from Sabarmati River. STP
recorded in the last 100 years? Provide elevation is between 42 to 46 m which is above
the HFL level of the site/ region HFL which is 41.7 m.
6 Existing pollution/ contamination or No Existing STP and related activities.
degradation on site
7 Any other remark on baseline Yes Upgradation of STP and capacity augmentation
condition: its suitability to proposed project within existing boundary. Land use will not
use? change. Consolidated consent and agreement
from GPCB have been obtained for the project.
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Anticipated Environmental Impacts: Impacts on Air, Noise, Land, Geology, and Soils
Sl NO: Impacts on Land/ Soil Environment Yes/ No Area (in Details
sqm)
1 Total extent of Demolition expected on- Yes About 50% area is expected to be
site (footprint in sqm and volume in demolished
cubic meter)
2 Extend of Land to be remediated/ No All proposed activities will be within
repurposed existing STP boundary
3 Extend of land expected to be under Yes About 10% of the land would be
green belt under green belt.
4 Will the proposed project cause the
following on Land/Soil?
(i) Yes Temporary during dismantling of few
Impact on Surrounding Environmental
existing components and
Conditions including Occupation on Low
construction of proposed
lying lands/ flood plains
components.
(ii) No This is existing plant and therefore,
Substantial removal of Topsoil (mention
significant removal of topsoil is not
area in sqm)
envisaged.
(iii) Any degradation of land/ eco-systems NO Not envisaged as proposed project is
expected due to the project? upgradation of the existing STP and
under the area of AMC. Temporary
impacts during construction period
only
(iv) Loss or impacts on Cultural/ heritage NO Construction activity within existing
areas/ properties STP boundary and there are no
cultural properties in premises.
(v) Does the project activity involve cutting NO Not envisaged. will source materials
and filling/ blasting etc.? from existing quarries
(vi) Will the project cause physical changes NO Not envisaged. All construction
in the project area (e.g., changes to the within the existing boundary and no
topography) due to excavation, change in topography. There would
earthwork, or any other activity? be minor cut and fill within premises.
(vii) Will the project involve any quarrying/ NO Not applicable
mining etc?
(viii) Will the project/ any of its components No Sludge will be sent to BARC facility
contaminate or pollute the Land? for treatment, if hazardous, send to
hazardous waste management
facility. Sludge generated from the
plant will be sundried and sent to
Sludge Hygienization plant.
(ix) Will the project contribute to any long- No Proposed project will enhance the
term significant adverse (negative), large quality of water being disposed off in
scale, irreversible, sensitive impact at a the river thereby will improve the
regional scale or area broader than the quality of water in the river
project sites; in combination with other
projects proposed/ existing?
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Sl NO: Impacts on Air and Noise Environment Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
No
1 Will the project cause or increase air pollution Yes Very Minimum & Temporary impact on air
due to dust and/ or vehicle emissions? quality due to construction vehicles is envisaged.
Open Storage of construction material may also
contribute to the dust generation.
2 Will the project cause or increase pollution No The project will help in mitigating the GHGs
due to GHG emissions? emission by implementation of energy efficient
equipment and machineries.
3 Will the project cause or increase odour No The project would be based on best available
nuisance? (Mention type of Gases expected) technologies with odour control and green belt
around the STP, which will mitigate odour in
surrounding.
4 Is there a potential for the release of toxic No No toxic gas emission is expected from the plant.
gases or accident risks (e.g.: potential fire
outbreaks)
5 Will the project generate or increase noise No Nature of project does not involve high level of
levels or vibration which will impact noise & vibration.
surrounding biodiversity or communities?
Sl NO: Impacts on Water Environment Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
No
1 Will the proposed activities at the site(s) No Proposed project will enhance the quality of
impact water quality (surface or ground) – water being released in the river thereby will
leachate, runoff, waste deposition, erosion, improve the quality of water in the river
effluent disposal?
2 Will the activities proposed at the site(s) No Proposed project will enhance the quality of
impact water resource availability and use – water being released in the river thereby will
effluent disposal, leachate, runoff, wastes improve the quality of water in the river
deposition, erosion?
3 Chances of Pollution of Water bodies/ No Proposed project will enhance the quality of
groundwater wells, nearby or downstream water being released in the river thereby will
improve the quality of water in the river
4 Will the activities proposed at the site(s) No Activities proposed are in the existing premises
hinder natural drainage of the STP which will not interfere with the
natural drainage of the area.
5 Will the activities proposed at the site(s) No Activities proposed are in the existing premises
decrease permeability/ rainwater percolation of the STP which will not interfere with the
rainwater percolation.
6 Will this sub-project involve creation/ use/ No Not Applicable (NA)
result in impacts on water storage structures
Dam is not proposed under project
in any way?
Is this structure/ dam in concern above 15m
in height?
7 Will this sub-project involve the dredging of No No dredging is envisaged in this project
waterbodies, sea, canals, etc?
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Sl NO: Impacts on Water Environment Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
No
8 Will the project affect the river flow pattern, No Activities proposed are in the existing premises
stream pattern, or any other irrigation canal? of the STP which will not interfere with the river
flow pattern
9 Will the project result in Stagnation of water No Design aspects of the project will ensure that no
flow or pondage or weed growth water logging is occurred in the plant area due
to the operations.
Sl NO Impacts on Biodiversity and Host Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
Communities No
1 Will the project necessitates cutting of Trees/ No Tree cutting in existing plant area for the
Loss of Vegetation proposed upgradation is not envisaged as per
FR. But to design and components some trees
may be required to be cut which will be
estimated after DPR finalization. Some shrubs
may require cutting/ clearing, however, same
would be replaced after construction of STP.
Existing trees will be retained as far as possible.
2 Will the project necessitate substantial No Minor amount of soil from existing premises will
removal of Topsoil (mention area in sqm) need to be removed. Same shall be used in the
garden area of the premises.
3 Any degradation of land/ eco-systems No Not applicable
expected due to the project?
4 Will the project result in Health & Safety Risks No Proposed project will enhance the quality of
in the neighbourhood (upstream, water being released in the river thereby will
downstream, nearby) including heightened improve the quality of water in the river. HSE
traffic, the release of toxic gases, untreated risk will be identified during the ESIA
sewage/ drainage, accident risks preparation and mitigated. There may be
possibilities of OHS issues during construction
operation.
5 Potential Noise, Light Pollution/ movements No Activities proposed are in the existing premises
causing disturbance to nearby habitats/ of the STP hence additional disturbance to the
communities mainly during night hours habitat or community is not envisaged.
6 Potential disruption to common property, No Very minimal disturbance will be resulted during
accessibility, traffic disruptions, conflicts, or the construction phase.
disruption to the local community within the
subproject area?
7 The potential risk of habitat fragmentation No Activities proposed are in the existing premises
due to the clearing activities? (e.g., Hindrance of the STP hence no disturbance to the habitat
to the local biodiversity like disturbing the
migratory path of animals/ birds etc.)
Sl No: Impacts due to Storage and Wastes, Pollution Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
and Hazards No
1 Will the project use or store dangerous Yes The proposed project may require storage of
substances (e.g., large quantities of hazardous Chlorine and polyelectrolyte.
chemicals used for treatment/ other uses;
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Sl No: Impacts due to Storage and Wastes, Pollution Yes/ Details (including any Quantity Estimation)
and Hazards No
materials like Chlorine, Diesel, Petroleum
products; any other?
2 Will the project produce solid or liquid wastes; Yes Sludge will be generated during operation of the
including construction/ demolition wastes project. Treated water will be as per the NGT
(including dredging, de-weeding wastes, norms and will be disposed in the river.
muck/ silt, dust); polluted liquids?
3 Will the project cause or increase air pollution No Odorous air will be generated from the
or odour nuisance? wastewater, bio solids and sludge drying
treatment processes at the plant
4 Will the project generate or increase noise No Nature of project does not involve high level of
levels that will impact surrounding noise & vibration.
biodiversity or communities?
5 Will the project generate or increase visual No Light pollution is not envisaged.
blight or light pollution?
6 Will the project generate water pollution No Proposed project will of upgradation will have a
(waterbodies/ groundwater)? better treatment facility and will enhance the
quality of water being disposed in the river
thereby will improve the quality of water in the
river. Treated water will be as per the norms and
will be disposed in the river.
7 Will the project involve dangerous Yes Construction activities may involve movement of
construction activities which may be a safety heavy parts and working in enclosed areas.
concern to workers/ host communities Safety of workers will be prioritised.
8 Describe any other features of the project that No The proposed project will not affect the ambient
could influence the ambient environment environment.
9 Were the probable environmental impacts Yes Continuous stakeholder consultations are being
discussed with stakeholders? carried out and further stakeholder meetings are
being conducted.
Suggested Environmental Enhancement Measures
Sl NO: Enhancement Measures Yes/ No Details
1 Has the subproject considered energy Yes Proposed project will include Energy efficient
conservation measures/ energy recovery blowers and Energy efficient Desludging
options incorporated in subproject design System, diffusers, SCADA, Solar panels and
other energy saving measures such as LED
lighting, VFD, etc.
2 Has the subproject considered energy Yes Solar power is proposed for the project for
efficiency options or use of alternate energy meeting the partial requirement of common
lighting.
3 Has the subproject considered reducing Yes The project has significant potential for
climate impacts of GHG, other releases reducing GHGs in terms of energy efficient
machineries, equipment, lighting, solar
panels and SCADA etc. Also, with the reduced
contaminants to the river ecosystem, there
would be indirect benefit to the
environment.
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Sl NO: Enhancement Measures Yes/ No Details
4 Has the subproject considered no disturbance Yes There is no major disturbance to the existing
to natural flora including trees flora from the project. Green belt is planned
to enhance the flora and fauna in the project
boundary.
5 Has the subproject considered water reuse/ Yes Treated water will be discharged in the
recycle options Fatehwadi Canal for irrigation and to the river
for Sabarmati River rejuvenation.
6 Rainwater harvesting, water recycling, and Yes Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) is planned in the
other water resource enhancement measures project (Roof top RWH)
7 Has the subproject considered waste Yes Tertiary Treatment Plant (TTP) is planned for
minimization or waste reuse/ recycle options re-use and recycle treated sewage in
horticulture.
C&D waste will be reused for backfilling.
8 Considerations for extreme events, drought, Yes The project design would take consideration
flood, other natural disasters of HFL, Natural Disaster and extreme events.
Land Use, Resettlement, and/ or Land Acquisition
Sl.no Components Yes No Details
1 Does the project involve the acquisition of √ The project is within the existing land of 240MLD STP
private land?
2 Alienation of any type of Government land √ The land belongs to AMC, and it is in their possession.
including that owned by Urban Local Body?
3 Clearance of encroachment from √ Not applicable. There are no encroachments in the
existing STP.
Government/ Local body Land?
4 Clearance of squatters/ hawkers from √ Not applicable. There are no squatters or hawkers in
the existing STP Premises.
Government/ Local Body Land?
5 Number of structures, both authorized and/ √ Not applicable
or unauthorized to be acquired/ cleared
6 Number of households to be displaced? √ Not applicable. There no houses or residential
structures in STP premises.
7 Common properties to be alienated/ √ Not applicable.
Pastureland (acres) Acquisition/ burial
Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri Kabrastan) is
ground and others specify?
located 50 m away from the STP boundary and is
accessible by highway 64 and also through service
access road. It is located 750 m from the STP gate.
Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is located
500 m away from boundary and from the gate it is
about 1.2 kms. Therefore, impacts on the same is not
anticipated due to project activities as access roads to
the cemetery and church will be from alternate route
from Highway 64. Therefore, there are no impacts or
loss of access to the cemetery and burial grounds.
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Land Use, Resettlement, and/ or Land Acquisition
Sl.no Components Yes No Details
8 Existing land uses on and around the project √ No impact on any such structures. There is a squatter
area (e.g., community facilities, agriculture, settlement near Fatehwadi canal. While these are not
tourism, private property) will be affected? impacted due to proposed project, temporary
impacts related to community health and safety are
identified due to vehicular movement on kuccha
access road.
9 Will the project result in construction √ For construction activities labour/workers will be
workers or other people moving into or working within the project boundary. In urban setting
having access to the area (for a long-time the numbers estimated up to 200 at maximum are not
period and in large numbers compared to large enough to make an impact within the area. All
permanent residents)? work will be done within the STP premises so
disturbance due to workers/labour presence is not
envisaged. O&M staff requirements is estimated to be
54.
10 Are financial compensation measures √ There are no impacted property, structures, CPR,
expected to be needed? cultural property or livelihood impacts and therefore
compensation measures are not needed.
Loss of Crops, Fruit Trees, Household Infrastructure, and livelihood
11 Will the project result in the permanent or
temporary loss of the following?
11.1 Crops? √ Proposed sub project is within STP premises with no
cultivation
11.2 Fruit trees? Specify with numbers √ There are no fruit trees. Other Trees and shrubs have
been planted in the STP premises. Shrubs may be
required to be cut during upgradation.
11.3 Petty Shops √ -
11.4 Vegetable/Fish/Meat vending √ -
11.5 Cycle repair shop √ -
11.6 Garage √ -
11.7 Tea stalls √ -
11.8 Grazing √ -
11.9 Loss of access to forest produce √ -
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Land Use, Resettlement, and/ or Land Acquisition
Sl.no Components Yes No Details
11.10 Any others - specify √ Squatter settlement is located near Fatehwadi
canal and road. Based on google map and transect
walk roughly 600 to 700 temporary structures were
observed although people have mentioned that
there are 600 to 700 families/HHs. Temporary
structures near the road may have health and
safety issues due to vehicular movement during
construction activities.
Road construction will be taken up under sub
project for smoother movement of vehicles and
reduce/ prevent dust, noise and air emissions due
to vehicular movement. The road will be on existing
kuccha road and displacement of any temporary
squatter structure is not envisaged.
The existing STP is located near the river and there
are no restrictions of access to river or access road
due to proposed project. The existing boundary of
the STP will remain unchanged. Movement of
machinery, raw material and labour will be from
existing approach road. The road has very limited
vehicular movement and hence there will be no
hinderance to the traffic movement.
Movement of traffic will be in daytime when most
of the inhabitants of the settlement will be at work
in the industrial areas and industries.
Welfare, Employment, and Gender
12 Is the project likely to provide local √ During construction period employment
employment opportunities, including opportunities will be created for women and men.
employment opportunities for women? Some skilled employment will also be created.
There will be petty business opportunities due to
the presence of labour working in the STP premises
13 Is the project being planned with sufficient √ Treated sewage will enhance the water quality of
attention to local poverty alleviation river and overall ecosystem which may have positive
objectives? impacts to the downstream users.
Some treated sewage would also be given for
Industrial uses which will have positive impact in
terms of better employment to the locals. Industries
dependence on ground water will also be reduced
with availability of treated water for industrial use.
Treated water is also proposed to be used for the
Fatehwadi canal which will be an improvement from
current quality with better discharge standards due to
rehabilitation of the STP.
Sludge from the plant is being used as manure for
horticulture. This is reducing dependence on chemical
fertilizer and therefore saving in terms of energy and
resources.
Savings on HH health expenditure due to improved
water quality downstream
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Land Use, Resettlement, and/ or Land Acquisition
Sl.no Components Yes No Details
14 Is the project being designed with sufficient √ Extensive consultations are being conducted to assess
local participation (including the the prevalent issues related to sewage and
participation of women) in the planning, wastewater.
design, and implementation process?
Historical, Archaeological, or Cultural Heritage Sites
15 Historical heritage site(s) require excavation √ There are no such historical heritage sites identified
near the same? as such, Chance find procedures will be planned and
implemented for the site as Ahmedabad has been
declared as Heritage city
16 Archaeological heritage site(s) require √ There are no such Archaeological heritage sites
excavation near the same? identified as such, Chance find procedures will be
planned and implemented for the site
17 Cultural heritage site(s) require excavation √ There are no such Cultural heritage sites identified as
near the same? such, Chance find procedures will be planned and
implemented for the site
18 Graves or sacred locations require √ Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri Kabrastan) is
excavations near the same? located 50 m away from the STP boundary and is
accessible by highway 64 and also through service
access road. It is located 750 m from the STP gate.
Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is located
500 m away from boundary and from the gate it is
about 1.2 kms. Therefore, impacts on the same is not
anticipated due to project activities as access roads to
the cemetery and church will be from alternate route
from Highway 64. Therefore, there are no
excavations, impacts or loss of access to the cemetery
and burial grounds.
Tribal Population/ Indigenous People
19 Does this project involve acquisition of any √ Not applicable as no land acquisition is involved as
land belonging to Tribal people? well as no tribal population is present
Beneficiaries
20 Population proposed to be benefitted by the Approx. Estimated population for 2041 of western part of the
proposed project no.: city will be 3.6 million. Estimated population of 7.1
million (Year 2020) residing in the municipal area
spread over 488 sq.km, under the jurisdiction of
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC), along the
eastern and western banks of river Sabarmati.
21 No. of Females proposed to be benefitted by Approx. Overall city population will be benefited.
the proposed project no.:
22 Vulnerable households/ population to be Approx. Overall city population will be benefited.
benefitted no.:
23 No. of Families to be benefitted Approx. Overall catchment area population will be benefited
no.:
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Impacts on Community Health and Safety
Sr. Components Yes No Details
No
√ Squatter settlement located on
Will the sub/ project cause any adverse Fatehwadi canal road and will be
1 impacts on the neighbourhood/ local impacted due to the emissions from
communities? Nature of impact? construction phase. The impact will be
minimum, temporary and reversible.
Is the sub/ project likely to cause √ The existing STP is located near the river
possible disruption in access to public and there is no restrictions of access. The
utilities/ facilities, restrict access to existing boundary of the STP will remain
residence or establishments, lead to unchanged. Movement of machinery,
traffic disruptions or increased traffic, raw material and labour will be from
conflicts over resources among the existing approach road. The road has
2 local community within the subproject very limited vehicular movement and
area? hence there will be no hinderance to the
traffic movement. Movement of traffic
will be in daytime when most of the
inhabitants of the settlement will be at
work in the industrial areas and
industries.
Are the local communities and their √ Nearest settlement is a slum (distance
assets/ livelihoods likely to be 10m) which is temporary and the
adversely impacted by the assets livelihoods of communities residing in
3
proposed to be created under the sub/ the slum will not be adversely affected
project or their operation or both? due to the assets proposed to be
created.
Is the sub/ project likely to see a large There will be around 200 personnel
concentration of non-local labourers working during the construction phase
for an extended period of time? (peak time). About 50-100 of them are
4 √
expected to be non-local labour, with
Estimated number of labourers duration of stay for 6-9 months depending
expected and duration of stay on phase of the project construction.
Any land which is owned by AMC, AUDA
Are these sites of labour camps likely to
etc shall be given temporarily for labour
be adjacent to other local communities
6 √ camp. The contractor scope will include
and lead to a high interface with these
labour camp management plan for
communities/ residents?
occupation of any such land.
What kind of communities reside here? Migrants living in squatter settlements,
7 Are they normal empowered citizens √ comprise of two groups of workers –
with better capacities? Or do they seasonally migrant construction workers
largely belong to poor and socially who migrate from the tribal belt
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Impacts on Community Health and Safety
Sr. Components Yes No Details
No
vulnerable groups with limited comprising of Dahod in Gujarat and
capacities to cope with large labour Jhabua and Banswara in neighbouring
influx? states and long-term migrants from the
Nomadic Tribes and De-Notified Tribe
Estimated population of host
(NTDNT) communities. There are
community
approximately 600 to 700 households in
the squatter settlement. Most of the
inhabitants visit home and return after
15 to 20 days for work. There is a
constant mobility from the settlement to
their native places and return for work.
People have moved to the area during
covid pandemic due to loss of income
and regular work. Most of the people
(including men and women) work as
labour in the nearby industries.
Approximately 50% of the people are
vaccinated.
The electricity, sanitation and water
supply facilities are not provided. People
reported that good quality water is
available when wells were dug at a dept
40 feet. People also approached the STP
for getting drinking water which is free of
cost. People defecate near the highway.
Health problems reported in the area
includes malaria, fever and swollen
hands and legs.
Respondents also reported a high crime
rate in the area. Migrants avoids any
conflicts with the local criminals. Local
criminals intrude the area in night in
autorickshaws (without licenses plates)
and threatens them with knives. They are
armed, and they snatch mobiles, money,
and other belongings. People have already
complained to the police two or three
times on this.
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Clearances and Permits Required
Type Yes/ No Details
1. Environmental Clearance (mention State/ No The project doesn’t require Environmental
Centre) Clearance (EC) as per EIA Notification 2006.
However, it will require Consent to Establish
(CtE) and Operate (CtO) from Pollution
Control Board (PCB) under Air and Water Act.
2. Consent from SPCB for establishment Yes For proposed project augmentation,
amendment in current consent, will be
and operation of STP/ WTP
sought.
3. NOC Forest Department for either the No Activities proposed are in the existing
conversion of forest land or for tree-cutting premises of the STP. Forest Clearance is not
required.
4. Permission from AMC for Tree cutting Yes May be required after design finalization by
DBOT contractor.
5. NOC for the establishment of water supply No NA
intake
6. NOC for water withdrawal from the surface No No surface water withdrawal is proposed
water source
7. Mining Permit (for dredging) No Not applicable
8. Labour License and related Yes It shall be included in the scope of contractor
9. Permit for Batching Plant No Not envisaged
10. NOC for transportation and storage of diesel, Yes It shall be included in the scope of contractor
oil, and lubricants, etc.
11. Others (Mention) No
This Screening sheet must be completed for each of the proposed sites by the respective Designated Nodal
Officer on Environment and Social in the concerned department (Sewage/ Wastewater, Drainage) and
forwarded to the E&S Specialist in the PIU along with the following enclosures. In the case of TA, appropriate
parts of this shall be filled for areas of concern. Provide available information at the start of the subprojects to
initiate assessment and update the same as required.
Enclosures: Provide maps with the geographical location of the project; and an appropriately scaled map clearly
showing the project area and project sites with land use, existing buildings, infrastructure, vegetation, adjacent
land use, utility lines, access roads, and any planned construction, and any other information to describe the
project, locations and possible impact as required.
Project Categorisation and Need for Instruments, Oversight
Project Category □Low (L1) □ Moderate (M1) □Substantial (S1) □High (H1)
Key Reasons Works include only Rehabilitation of existing STP, to adopt more stringent discharge norms,
repairs to TSPS and topping of access road; all within existing footprint/premises
Instruments H1, S1: Project-specific ESIA (impact assessment considering the project details & location)
Required by Independent Consultant (with signed/ sealed Screening Form, Consultations, ESMP,
Budget, Responsibilities); and/ or Environmental and Social Audit; RAP including LRP
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M1: Project-specific ESIA by DPR Consultant (with signed/ sealed Screening Form,
Consultations, ESMP, Budget, Responsibilities); and/ or Environmental and Social Audit; RAP
including LRP
L1: signed/ sealed Screening Form, Consultations, ESMP, Budget, Responsibilities; and/ or
Environmental and Social Audit
Additional Mention: i) Specialists to be hired for Physical/ Cultural resources, Natural Habitats/ others,
Responsibilities GHG estimation, etc for ESIA preparation, and/ or supervision), ii) Consultations, iii) any
Expected other aspect
Status Agency/ Official Name, Signature with Date, and Seal
Prepared by ULB Department (project in-
charge)
Environmental Engineer/ Social
Specialist
Checked, categorised as PIU Environmental Specialist/
M1 (H1, S1, M1, L1) & Social Specialist
ToR issued by:
Approved by PIU Project Director
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ANNEXURE II: APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
1. Environmental Regulations at National Level:
i. National Environment Policy, 2006
The National Environment Policy by the MoEFCC aims at mainstreaming environmental
concerns into all developmental activities. It emphasizes the conservation of resources and
points out that the best way to aid conservation is to ensure that people dependent on
resources obtain better livelihoods from conservation than from degradation of the
resources. It argues that environmental degradation often leads to poverty and poor health
outcomes among populations. The objectives of the National Environmental Policy are-
• Conservation of Critical Environmental Resources
• Intra-generational Equity: Livelihood Security for the Poor
• Inter-generational Equity: ensure judicious use of environmental resources
Integration of Environmental Concerns in Economic and Social Development
• Efficiency in Environmental Resource Use
• Environmental Governance
• Enhancement of Resources for Environmental Conservation
ii. The Environment Protection (Act) 1986 and The Environmental Protection Rules
The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in 1986 to provide for the protection and
improvement of the environment. It empowers the Central Government to establish
authorities [under section 3(3)] charged with the mandate of preventing environmental
pollution in all its forms and to tackle specific environmental problems that are peculiar to
different parts of the country. The Act was last amended in 1991. This act was passed as an
overall comprehensive act “for protection and improvement of environment�?. Under this act,
rules have been specified for the discharge/ emission of effluents and different standards for
environmental quality. These include Ambient Noise Standard, Emission from Motor Vehicles,
Mass Emission Standard for Petrol Driven Vehicles, General Effluent Standards, etc. in the
exercise of the powers conferred under the Act, the following rules are devised
• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Water Cess Act, 1977
• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
• The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
• Environment Protection (EP) Act, 1986
• National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
• Waste Management Rules under EP Act including
- Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
- Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016.
- Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016, amended 2019
- E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016, amended 2018
- Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, 2016, amended 2019
- Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2018
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- Batteries (Management and Handling) Amendment Rules, 2010
iii. Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006
EIA notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments list out the type of project that requires
Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Clearance from MoEFCC or State
Environment Impact Assessment Authority before the commencement of any developmental
work or project expansion. The notification gives stage-wise guidance for the processing of
Environmental Clearance. The objective of the notification is to formulate a transparent,
decentralized, and efficient regulatory mechanism to:
• Incorporate necessary environmental considerations at the planning stage
• Involve stakeholders through the public hearing process
• Identify developmental projects based on impact potential
• Securing provision for mitigation efforts
iv. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and The Water Cess Act 1977
The Act is enacted to prevent pollution of water sources through industrial or any other
construction activity and for maintaining or restoring of wholesomeness of water. The Act
prohibits the discharge of pollutants into water bodies beyond a given standard and lays down
penalties for non-compliance with its provisions.
The act resulted in the establishment of the Central and State Level Pollution Control Boards
whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as
monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders, and issuing licenses for construction and
operation of any facility. This will include the generation of liquid effluent during construction
/civil engineering activities or from domestic activities in workers' colonies. Water (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Cess Act was enacted in 1977, to provide for the levy and collection
of a cess on water consumed by persons operating and carrying on certain types of industrial
activities. This cess is collected to augment the resources of the Central Board and the State
Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution constituted under the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The Act was last amended in 2003.
v. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1981
The purpose of this act is to prevent, and control air pollution and preserve air quality. This
act empowers Central and State Pollution Control Boards for managing air quality and
emission standards, as well as monitoring air quality, prosecuting offenders, and issuing
licenses for construction and operation of any facility. Air quality includes noise levels also.
This act has notified the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for different land uses.
vi. The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rule,2000
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) rules are promulgated under the Environmental
(protection) Act, 1986. The noise pollution rules lay down terms and conditions as are
necessary to reduce noise pollution, including during night hours. The rule provides ambient
noise level standards for various types of land uses. PCB can take action if the sound level
exceeds the standards by 10 dBA. Noise standard for different zones.
• Industrial zone- 75 & 70 dBA Leq during daytime and night-time respectively
• Commercial zone- 65 & 55 dBA Leq during daytime & night-time respectively
• Residential zone- 55 & 45 dBA Leq during daytime and night-time respectively
• Silence zone 50 & 40 dBA Leq during daytime and night-time respectively
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vii. The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 has allowed the government to establish several Protected
Areas like National Parks and Sanctuaries over the past 37 years, to protect and conserve the
flora and fauna and their habitat.
Prior recommendation of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) will be required
• in case any subproject activity is proposed within the boundaries of a Protected area
• in case any project requiring Environmental Clearance (under the purview of EIA
Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments) is located within the eco-sensitive
zone around a Wildlife Sanctuary or National Park or in absence of delineation of such
a zone, within a distance of 10 km from its boundaries
viii. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017
Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017 are promulgated under the
Environmental (protection) Act, 1986 for prohibiting reclamation and degradation through
drainage and landfill, pollution (discharge of domestic and industrial effluents, disposal of
solid wastes), hydrological alteration (water withdrawal and changes in inflow and outflow),
over-exploitation of their natural resources resulting in loss of biodiversity and disruption in
ecosystem services provided by wetlands by conservation of wetlands.
As defined in the rule, ‘wetland’ means an area of marsh, fen, peatland, or water; whether
natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh,
brackish, or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not
exceed six meters, but does not include river channels, paddy fields, human-made water
bodies/tanks specifically constructed for drinking water purposes and structures specifically
constructed for aquaculture, salt production, recreation, and irrigation purposes. Whereas,
‘wetlands complexes’ means two or more ecologically and hydrologically contiguous wetlands
and may include their connecting channels/ducts
The rules shall apply to the wetlands or wetlands complexes of the following types-
• wetlands categorized as 'wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar
Convention
• wetlands as notified by the Central Government, State Government, and Union
Territory Administration
Section 4 of the rule elaborates restrictions of activities in wetlands which includes handling
or storage or disposal of construction and demolition waste covered under the Construction
and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016; hazardous substances covered under the
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 or the Rules for the
Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically
Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989 or the Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008; Solid waste dumping; Discharge of untreated wastes
and effluents from industries, cities, towns, villages and other human settlements; and any
construction of a permanent nature.
2. Waste Management Regulations
i. Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
The Rules shall apply to every urban local body, other areas and to every domestic,
institutional, commercial, and any other non-residential solid waste generator except
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industrial waste, hazardous waste, hazardous chemicals, biomedical wastes, e-waste, lead-
acid batteries, and radioactive waste.
The rules define the duties of solid waste generators. The rules outline the responsibilities of
line ministries, ULB’s and other stakeholders, the duty of the operator of the Solid Waste
Processing and Treatment Facility.
ii. Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016
Construction and demolition waste include waste comprising of building materials, debris, and
rubble resulting from construction, remodelling, repair, and demolition of any civil structure.
As per rule-
1. Every waste generator shall prima-facie be responsible for the collection, segregation
of concrete, soil, and others and storage of construction and demolition waste
generated, as directed or notified by the concerned local authority in consonance with
these rules ((Rule 4 sub-rule (1))
2. There should be no littering or deposition of construction and demolition waste to
prevent obstruction to the traffic or the public or drains (Rule 4 sub-rule (4))
iii. Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, amended 2018
MoEFCC issued the Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 to give thrust on plastic waste
minimization, source segregation, recycling, and disposal effectively.
These rules shall apply to every waste generator, local body, Gram Panchayat, manufacturer,
Importers, and producer. Section 6 and Section 8 of the rule explain the Responsibility of the
Local Body and the Responsibility of the waste generator respectively.
iv. Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016,
amended 2019
The rule dictates the entity generating hazardous wastes (as defined in the rule), to take all
practical steps to ensure that such wastes are properly handled without any adverse effects,
which may result from such wastes. It stipulates proper collection, reception, treatment,
storage, and disposal of such wastes and provides for the process/ mechanism to do so. Waste
generators will need to obtain permission from the State Pollution Control Boards and other
designated authorities for the storage and handling of any hazardous material.
- Schedule I of the rule lists out of processes that generate hazardous wastes.
- Schedule II of the rule provide a list of waste constituents with concentration limits
v. E-Waste Management Rule, 2016, amended in 2018
These rules shall apply to every manufacturer, producer, consumer, bulk consumer, collection
centres, dealers, e-retailer, refurbisher, dismantler, and recycler involved in the manufacture,
sale, transfer, purchase, collection, storage, and processing of e-waste or electrical and
electronic equipment listed in Schedule I of the rule, including their components,
consumables, parts, and spares which make the product operational. These rules are
applicable
Two categories of electrical and electronic equipment namely (i) IT and Telecommunication
Equipment and (ii.) Consumer Electricals and Electronics such as TVs, Washing Machines,
Refrigerators Air Conditioners including fluorescent and other mercury-containing lamps are
covered under these Rules
Section 5 of the rule defines the responsibilities of the producer of e-waste.
vi. Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001
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MoEFCC under the provisions of the Environmental Protection Act, 1986 issued the Batteries
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2001. The rules were enacted with the primary objective
of ensuring the safe disposal of discarded lead-acid batteries. Rules mandate proper control
and record-keeping on the sale or import of lead-acid batteries and recollection of the used
batteries by registered recyclers to ensure environmentally sound recycling of used batteries.
vii. The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 & Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989
The Act regulates all aspects of road transport vehicles. It provides in detail the legislative
provisions regarding licensing of drivers/ conductors, registration of motor vehicles, control
of motor vehicles through permits, traffic regulation, insurance, liability, offenses, and
penalties, etc.
3. Regulations Related to Pesticides/ Insecticides
i. Insecticide Act 1968 and Rules 1971
The Insecticides Act, 1968 and Insecticides Rules, 1971 regulate the import, registration
process, manufacture, sale, transport, distribution, and use of insecticides (pesticides) to
prevent risk to human beings or animals and for all connected matters, throughout India. All
insecticides (pesticides) have to necessarily undergo the registration process with the Central
Insecticides Board & Registration Committee (CIB & RC) before they can be made available for
use or sale.
The Act also has guidelines stipulated for the protective clothing of persons handling
insecticides. Disposal of used packages, surplus material, and washing of insecticides are also
included in the Act.
ii. Draft Bill on Pesticide management, 2020 introduced in Rajya Sabha in March 2020
The purpose of the bill is to minimize risk to human beings, animals, living organisms other
than pests and the environment, with an endeavour to promote pesticides that are biological
and based on traditional knowledge. The bill on Pesticide management seeks to regulate the
manufacture, import, sale, storage, distribution, use, and disposal of pesticides, to ensure the
availability of safe pesticides and minimize the risk to humans, animals, and the environment.
The Bill seeks to replace the Insecticides Act, 1968
4. Acts/ Rules applicable to Land Acquisition, RoW use
i. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and
Resettlement Act, 2013
Aims to ensure, a humane, participative, informed, and transparent process for land
acquisition with the least disturbance to the owners of the land and other affected families
and provide just and fair compensation to the affected families whose land has been acquired
or proposed to be acquired or those that are affected by such acquisition and make adequate
provisions for their rehabilitation and resettlement and for ensuring that the cumulative
outcome of compulsory acquisition should be that affected persons become partners in
development leading to an improvement in their post-acquisition social and economic status.
ii. The supreme court order, pertaining to removal and restriction of encroachment of religious
structures on the public space
Provisions of the Order: disallow/regulate the use of RoW, public spaces for the construction
of temples, mosques, shrines, the church in public land, and public spaces.
5. Other Regulations/Policies/Guidelines applicable to various construction/implementation
activities
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i. Central Ground Water Authority- ‘Guidelines to control and regulate groundwater
extraction in India’ September 2020
Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), constituted by the Government of India under
Section 3 (3) of the Environment (Protection) Act (EPA) of 1986, in pursuance of the Order of
the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, has been regulating groundwater development and
management in the country and has proposed the guidelines for groundwater withdrawal.
The drawing/ proposing to draw groundwater through a pump of more than 2 HP and/ or
through more than one functional tube well shall be required to seek NOC for groundwater
withdrawal. NOC will be granted for drinking and domestic purpose only. NOC for
groundwater withdrawal will be considered only in cases where the water supply department
concerned is unable to supply an adequate amount of water in the area.
Government water supply agencies are also required to seek NOC from the authorized officers
for existing as well as new schemes based on groundwater sources.
NOC shall not be granted for extraction of groundwater for construction activities in the
project in Critical/ Over-exploited areas.
Quantum of groundwater for purposes other than drinking/ domestic use shall not exceed
25% of total groundwater abstraction
ii. The Building & Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment & Conditions of
Service) BOCW Act, 1996
As per the Act, the employer is required to provide safety measures at the building or
construction work site along with other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities,
ambulance, housing accommodation, etc. to the workers.
These are comprehensive guidelines for the Occupational Health and Safety of Laborers.
iii. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 and Rules, amended 2016 and Child
Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Rules, 2017
The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986 designates a child as a person who
has not completed their 14th year of age. It aims to regulate the hours and the working
conditions of child workers and to prohibit child workers from being employed in hazardous
industries. Children between the age of 14 and 18 are defined as "Adolescent" and the law
allows adolescents to be employed except in the listed hazardous occupation and processes
which include mining, inflammable substance, and explosives-related work, and any other
hazardous process as per the Factories Act, 1948.
iv. Minimum Wages Act, 1948
This act sets the minimum wages that must be paid to skilled and unskilled laborers. The act
is legally non-binding but statutory. Payment of wages below the minimum wage rate
amounts to forced labour. Wage boards are set up to review the industry's capacity to pay
and fix minimum wages such that they at least cover a family of four's requirements of
calories, shelter, clothing, education, medical assistance, and entertainment.
v. The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976
The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976: States that all forms of bonded labour stand
abolished and every bonded labour stands freed and discharged from any obligations to
render any bonded labour.
vi. Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 & Rules 1924
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The Act requires if personal injury is caused to a workman by accident arising out of and during
his employment, his employer should be liable to pay compensation in accordance with the
provisions of this Act.
vii. Interstate Migrant Workmen Act 1979
The provisions of this Act regulate the conditions of service and protect the interests of
interstate migrant workers. The project requires engaging interstate migrant workers for
specialized activities. The Inter-State migrant workmen, in an establishment to which this Act
becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical
aid, traveling expenses from home up to the establishment and back, among others.
viii. Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites & Remains (Amendment and Validation) Act
2010
This Act is to ensure the preservation of ancient and historical monuments and archaeological
sites and remains of national importance and for the regulation of archaeological excavations
and the protection of sculptures, carvings, and other like objects. According to this Act, areas
within the radii of 100m and 200m from the “protected property�? are designated as
“prohibited areas�? and “regulated areas�? respectively. No development activity is permitted
in the “prohibited areas�?. Development activities are not permitted in the “regulated areas�?
without prior permission from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) if the site/remains/
monuments are protected by ASI or the State Directorate of Archaeology.
ix. Indian Treasure Trove Act, 1878
Whenever any treasure (anything of any value hidden in the soil, or anything affixed thereto)
exceeding in amount or value ten rupees is found, the finder shall intimate District Collector
in writing as soon as practicable.
x. Right to Information Act, 2005
Provides a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information
under the control of Public Authorities. The act sets out (a) obligations of public authorities
with respect to the provision of information; (b) requires designating of a Public Information
Officer; (c) process for any citizen to obtain information/disposal of request, etc.; and (d)
provides for institutions such as Central Information Commission/State Information
Commission.
xi. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 and further
Amendments 2018.
To prevent atrocities against scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The objectives of the Act
clearly emphasized the intention of the government to deliver justice to these communities
through proactive efforts to enable them to live in society with dignity and self-esteem and
without fear or violence or suppression from the dominant castes. With the reported misuse
of the Act, In August 2018, the parliament of India passed the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Bill, 2018, to bypass the ruling of the Supreme
Court of India laying down procedures for arrests under the Act.
xii. The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal)
Act, 2013
An act that aims at providing a sense of security at the workplace that improves women’s
participation in work and results in their economic empowerment. It requires an employer to
set up an “Internal Complaints Committee�? (ICC) and the Government to set up a ‘Local
Complaints Committee’ (LCC) at the district level to investigate complaints regarding sexual
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harassment at workplace and for inquiring into the complaint in a time bound manner. The
ICC need to set up by ever organization and its branches with more than 10 employees.
xiii. The Street Vendors (Protection Of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014
The act was enacted to regulate street vendors in public areas and protect the rights of the
street vendors.
xiv. The Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013
An Act to provide for the prohibition of employment as manual scavengers, rehabilitation of
manual scavengers and their families, and for matters connected therewith or incidental
thereto.
6. Technical Guidelines on Sewerage and Drainage at National Level
i. Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), Ministry of
Urban Development, Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Systems – 2013
Part A of the manual is on the Engineering aspect related to the sewerage system.
The manual provides detailed guidelines for:
• Planning
• Design and construction of sewers
• Design and construction of sewage pumping stations and sewage pumping mains
• Design and construction of sewage treatment facilities
• Design and construction of sludge treatment facilities
• Recycling and reuse of sewage
• Decentralized sewerage system
• On-site sanitation
• Preparation of city sanitation plan
Part B of the manual is on Operation and Maintenance aspects related to sewerage systems
and includes:
• Sewer systems
• Pumping station
• Sewage treatment facilities
• Sludge treatment facilities
• Electrical and instrumentation facilities
• Monitoring of water quality
• Environmental conservation
• Occupational health hazards and safety measures
• On-site systems
Part C of the manual is on the Management aspect related to the sewerage system:
• Legal framework and policies
• Institutional aspects and capacity building
• Financing and financial management
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• Budget estimates for operation and maintenance
• Public-private partnership
• Community awareness and participation
• Asset management
• Management information system
Potential disasters in sewerage and management
ii. Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), Ministry of
Urban Development, Manual on Storm Water Drainage Systems, 2019
This manual has been prepared for assisting engineers, planners, designers, architects,
geographers, and hydrologists working in government/ private institutions, urban local
bodies, industrial and business concerns, consultancy services, etc., in planning and design of
urban stormwater drainage systems in the country.
The manual is contained in three distinct Parts over two volumes.
Volume 1 contains Part A: Engineering Design,
Volume 2 contains Part B: Operation, Maintenance, and Part C: Management.
iii. Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), Ministry of
Urban Development, Manual on Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply System - 2005
The manual aims to serve as a guide for strengthening the technical, operational, and
managerial capabilities required of the concerned personnel to operate and maintain water
supply services as per acceptable norms of quantity, quality, sustainability, reliability, and
cost. This manual provides systematic guidelines that provide the details of the operation,
functioning, maintenance, and safety considerations of all the technical aspects related to
water supply O & M.
iv. Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO) Ministry of
Housing and Urban Affairs, Advisory on On-Site and Decentralized Composting of Municipal
Organic Waste, June 2018
Methods to treat organic wastes, Reduce, Recycle, Reuse, Waste to Compost systems: Waste
to Compost systems for Individual Households, Small Communities, Apartments, etc. up to 10
Household; Waste to Compost systems for Medium-Sized Communities, Apartments, RWAs –
for 11 – 300 Households; medium-sized Offices, medium Hotels, Resorts, medium Schools,
Canteens, Marriage Halls; Waste to Compost systems for large Communities, Apartments,
RWAs, high rise buildings for 301 – 1000 Households; Large Offices, Large Hotels, Large
Schools, Waste to Compost systems for Decentralized plants for more than 1000 Households
operated by ULBs/ Institutions/ Outsourced agencies.
v. Central Pollution Control Board, Guidelines for Management of Sanitary Waste, May’18
It covers possible waste management options for such kinds of wastes. Role of various
stakeholders etc.
vi. Central Pollution Control Board, Guidelines on Environmental Management of Construction
& Demolition (C&D) Wastes
It discusses the Quantum & composition of C&D waste generation, Initiatives in promoting
C&D waste products by GoI, C&D waste processing, Existing Guidelines on C&D waste
management, Introduction to Guidelines on Environmental Management of C&D Wastes,
Guidelines on Environmental Management of C & D Wastes – NOISE management, Guidelines
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on Environmental Management of C&D Wastes – DUST management, Guidelines on
Environmental Management of C&D Wastes – Other issues
Annexures on: Initiatives in C & D waste management in 69 cities (Literature Survey); Potential
uses of C&D wastes, Global practices of the utilization of C&D wastes, Criteria for site selection
of C&D waste processing facility
7. Policies and Regulations at State Level
i. The Gujarat Infrastructure Development Act, 1999
This Act provides the framework for participation by persons other than the State
Government and Government agencies in the financing, construction, maintenance, and
operation of infrastructure projects and for that purpose to establish a Board and to provide
for the matters connected therewith.
ii. Gujarat Irrigation and Drainage Act, 2013
This Act is to provide for irrigation and drainage in the State of Gujarat. Whereas it is necessary
to make provisions for the construction relating to irrigation in the State of Gujarat and for
the matters connected therewith and incidental thereto.
iii. Gujarat Irrigation and Drainage Rules, 2014
It shall apply to all the works constructed and maintained relating to irrigation including
drainage and water supply for drinking and industrial purpose by the State Government, State
Government institutions, and Grant-in-Aid Institutions of the State and includes all services
rendered thereof.
iv. The Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board Act, 1978
An Act to provide for the establishment of a Water Supply and Sewerage Board for the rapid
development and proper regulation of water supply and sewerage services in the State of
Gujarat. It extends to the whole of the State of Gujarat excluding the areas comprised of Cities
and cantonments.
v. Saurashtra Felling of Trees (Infliction of Punishment) Act, 1951
An Act to provide for heavier punishment for felling of trees and for certain other matters.
Whereas it is expedient to provide for heavier punishment for the unauthorized felling of trees
and certain other matters
vi. The Gujarat Highways Ac, 1955
An Act to provide for the restriction of ribbon development along highways, for the prevention
and removal of encroachment thereon, for the construction maintenance and development
of highways, for the levy of betterment charges, and certain other matters.
vii. The Gujarat Water and Gas Pipelines (Acquisition of Right of User in Land) Act, 2000
An Act to provide for the acquisition of the right of users in land for laying water pipelines and
gas pipelines in the State of Gujarat and for the matters connected therewith.
viii. Gujarat Industrial Development Act, 1962
This act is to make special provision for securing the orderly establishment and organization
of industries in industrial areas and industrial estates in the State of Gujarat and to establish
commercial centres in Connection with the establishment and organization of such industries
and for that purpose to establish an Industrial Development Corporation, and for purposes
connected with the matters aforesaid.
ix. The Gujarat Special Economic Zone Act, 2004
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An Act to provide for the operation, maintenance, management, and administration of a
Special Economic Zone in the State of Gujarat and to constitute an Authority and for matters
connected therewith or incidental thereto
x. The Gujarat Vacant Lands in Urban Areas (Prohibition of Alienation) Act, 1972
An Act to prohibit the alienation of certain vacant lands in urban areas in the State of Gujarat.
xi. The Gujarat Town Planning and Urban Development Act, 1976
An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the making and execution of development
plans and town planning schemes in the State of Gujarat.
xii. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and
Resettlement Gujarat Amendment) Act, 2016 (effective from August 2016)
A further amendment to the “Principal Act�? referred to the Right to Fair Compensation,
Transparency in Land Acquisition and Resettlement and Rehabilitation Act, 2013 in its
application to the State of Gujarat, enacted the Gujarat Amendment Act, 2016 with simplifying
the provisions, which was commenced on 15th August 2016.; Major amendments include
Power of State government to exempt public interest and SIA for certain projects mentioned
in the sub section of 10A., R&R Assistance - lump sum amount equal to 50% of the amount
of land compensation as determined under section 27 of principal Act to the affected families,
in case of a project which are linear in nature.
xiii. The Gujarat Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1965
An Act to make better provision for the preservation of ancient and historical monuments and
records and archaeological sites and remains (other than those declared to be of national
importance) in the State of Gujarat and for matters connected with the purposes aforesaid.
xiv. Gujarat Fisheries Act, 2003
An Act to provide for the protection, conservation, and development of fisheries in inland and
territorial waters of the State of Gujarat and regulation of fishing in the inland and territorial
waters along the coastline of the State and matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
xv. The Gujarat Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act, 1972
An Act to provide for the eviction of unauthorized occupants from public premises and for
certain incidental matters.
xvi. The Gujarat Slum Areas (Improvement, Clearance, and Redevelopment) Act, 1973
An Act to provide for the improvement and clearance of Slum areas in the State of Gujarat
and their development; and matters connected with the purposes aforesaid.
xvii. Gujarat Special Investment Region Act, 2009
An Act to provide for the establishment, operation, regulation, and management of large size
Investment Regions and Industrial Areas in the State of Gujarat; and to especially enable their
development as global hubs of economic activity supported by world-class infrastructure,
premium civic amenities, centres of excellence and proactive policy framework; and for
setting up an organizational structure with that purpose and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto.
xviii. Gujarat State Disaster Management Act, 2003
An Act to provide for effective management of disaster, for mitigation of the effects of
disaster, for administering, facilitating, coordinating and monitoring emergency relief during
and after the occurrence of disasters, and for implementing, monitoring, and coordinating
measures for reconstruction and rehabilitation in the aftermath of disasters, in the State of
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Gujarat and for these purposes to establish the Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority
and to specify other agencies and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
xix. Gujarat Government-Policy for Reuse of Treated Wastewater, 2018
The concept of wastewater recycling and reuse and the need to include the same in all water
supply and wastewater management programs is recognized by most of the policy
frameworks and institutions in India.
Gujarat Government Policy for the use of treated wastewater is in force from May 2018 with
a vision to maximize the collection and treatment of sewage generated and reuse of treated
wastewater on a sustainable basis, thereby reducing dependency on freshwater resources
and also promotes treated wastewater as an economic resource.
The Policy has the following objectives:
• To reach a minimum of 80% coverage and collection of sewage in all municipal towns
• To reach a level of 100% treatment collected sewage as per the prescribed standards
• To reuse at least 25% of total freshwater consumption from treated wastewater
within the time limit set under the policy by every municipal body
• To reuse 70%of treated wastewater by 2025
• To reuse 100% of treated wastewater by 2030
The prime responsibility for the treatment of wastewater, wastewater recycling, and reuse
will be with the local body. Accordingly, the creation of wastewater management and planning
and implementation of wastewater reuse infrastructure will be the responsibility of the local
body depending on the availability of funds. However, the state government will seek to
augment these efforts.
xx. Gujarat Government-The ‘Urban Sanitation and Cleanliness Policy, 2018
A comprehensive policy for solid and waste management. Under this policy, all major urban
civic bodies need to ensure 100 percent waste segregation to ensure less generation of solid
waste. The policy also allows civic bodies to make their laws, regulations and draw up rules
concerning penalties for violators. Under the new policy, Gujarat is looking to reduce
dependency on landfills and send collected waste directly to waste treatment plants.
Construction waste will be recycled and reused. The main idea is to first reduce the generation
of waste by encouraging segregation in households, resident welfare associations, and bulk
waste generators like malls and hospitals.
This policy makes it mandatory for all households to have their drainage systems linked
directly to sewage treatment plants (STPs), to avoid the direct flow of sewage into lakes or
rivers.
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Table 52: Applicable Regulations
Sr.
Policy/ Act/ Rules Key provisions and Purpose Applicability to the Sub Project Sub Project Phase
No.
1.
National Environment Policy, 2006 The National Environment Policy by the MoEFCC Prevention of pollution and Construction and
aims at mainstreaming environmental concerns degradation of resources caused due Operation phase
into all developmental activities. It emphasizes the to the existing STPs functioning.
conservation of resources and points out that the
best way to aid conservation is to ensure that
people dependent on resources obtain better
livelihoods from conservation than from
degradation of the resources.
2.
The Environmental (Protection) Act. All environmental Notifications, Rules and Prevention of pollution and Construction and
1986, and the Environmental (Protection) Schedules are issued under the EPA Act degradation of resources caused due Operation phase
Rules, 1987- 2002 (various amendments) to the existing STPs functioning.
3.
Environmental Impact Assessment The EIA Notification of 2006 and 2009 (replacing the None of the components of this Not applicable
Notification, 2006 EIA Notification of 1994), set out the requirement subproject falls under the ambit of
for environmental assessment in India. This states the notification. and EC is not
that Environmental Clearance is required for certain required for STP.
defined activities/projects, and this must be
obtained before any construction work or land
preparation (except land acquisition) may
commence. Projects are categorized as A or B
depending on the scale of the project and the
nature of its impacts. Category A projects requires
Environmental Clearance from the National
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change (MoEFCC). Category B projects require
Environmental Clearance from the State
Environmental Impact Assessment Authority
(SEIAA).
4. The Water (Prevention and Control of
Consent required for not polluting ground and Shall be applicable throughout the Construction and
Pollution) Act, 1974 and The Water Cess
surface water during construction project cycle. Consent to Establish Operation phase
Act 1977
(CTE) and Consent to Operate (CTO)
is required for new STPs. In this case,
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amendment to existing CCA will be
required.
5.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Consent required for establishing and operation of Shall be applicable throughout the Construction and
Pollution) Act. 1981 crushers, hot mix and batching plants etc. project cycle. Consent to Establish Operation phase
(CTE) and Consent to Operate (CTO)
is required for new STPs. In this case,
amendment to existing CCA will be
required.
6. Construction machineries and vehicles to conform
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Shall be applicable throughout the Construction and
to the standards for construction
Control) Rule, 2000 project cycle. Operation phase
7. An Act to provide for the comprehensive protection
The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 Not applicable as subprojects Not applicable
of wild animals, birds and plants. This would cover
components are not located in
matters concerning appointment of forest
designated protected area.
authorities, hunting of wild animals, protection of
specified plants, conservation of national parks and
sanctuaries, trade commerce in relation to plants
and animals and prevention of any offences.
8. The rule indicates restriction on felling the trees
Saurashtra Felling of Trees (Infliction of Applicable as the project will require Applicable
without due permission48.
Punishment) Act, 1951 felling of trees.
Amended by Sau. 28 of 1952.
Amended by Sau. 27 of 1954.
Amended by Sau. 21 of 1955
Adapted and modified by the Bombay
(Saurashtra Area) Adaptation of Laws
(State and Concurrent Subjects) Order,
1956.
Amended by Guj. 9 of 1960.
48 https://ifp.gujarat.gov.in/DIGIGOV/StaticAttachment?AttachmentFileName=/pdf/approvals/pre_establishment_approvals/10_Tree_Cutting_Permission.pdf
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9.
The Wetlands (Conservation and Conservation of wetlands for their ecosystem Not applicable as the subproject is Not applicable
Management) Rules, 2017 not near any wetland
10.
Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste as per rules Applicable, construction workers Construction and
camp and the waste generated from Operation phase
employees during operation will
generate municipal solid waste which
needs to be handled as per SWM
rules.
11.
Construction and Demolition (C&D) Safe disposal for C&D Waste Applicable, construction waste shall Construction phase
Waste Management Rules, 2016 be generated due to demolition of
existing structures & construction
activities.
12.
Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, Safe disposal of plastic/ packaging material waste Applicable, plastic and packaging Construction and
amended 2018 waste will be generated in vast operation phase
quantities during the
implementation/ construction stage.
In operation phase screening/
floating waste of plastic will be
generated. .
13.
Hazardous and Other Wastes According to the Rules, hazardous wastes are Applicable, the generated hazardous Construction and
(Management & Transboundary wastes having constituents specified in schedule II waste like waste oil. Paint, grease Operation phase
Movement) Rules, 2016, amended 2019 of the rules, if their concentration is equal to or etc., has to be handled as per rules.
more than the limit indicated in the said schedule. Use and storage of Chlorin will attract
consent from Petroleum & Explosive
Safety Organization
14.
E-Waste Management Rule, 2016, The rule dictates the entity generating hazardous Applicable as e-waste will be Construction and
amended 2018 wastes (as defined in the rule), to take all practical generated during the project Operation phase
steps to ensure that such wastes are properly construction as well as during
handled without any adverse effects, which may operation.
result from such wastes. It stipulates proper
collection, reception, treatment, storage, and
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disposal of such wastes and provides for the
process/mechanism to do so.
15.
Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, To improve the collection, segregation, processing, The subproject does not directly deal Construction
2016, amended 2019 treatment, and disposal of the bio-medical wastes with bio-medical wastes or its (Rehabilitation of existing
in environmentally sound management thereby, management. However, this may be STP) and Operation Phase
reducing biomedical waste generation and its Applicable as there may be
impact on the environment. household / other biomedical waste
in the screenings
16.
Batteries (Management and Handling) MoEFCC under the provisions of the Environmental Applicable as the project will involve Construction and
Rules, 2001 Protection Act, 1986 issued the Batteries use of batteries for vehicles and plant Operation phase
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2001. The rules
were enacted with the primary objective of
ensuring the safe disposal of discarded lead-acid
batteries.
17.
The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 & Motor State Transport Authority to enforce standards for All the vehicles used for construction Construction phase
Vehicles Rules, 1989 vehicular pollution. and operation will need to comply
with the provisions of this act.
18.
Insecticide Act 1968 and Rules 1971 The Insecticides Act, 1968 and Insecticides Rules, Applicable in case the subproject Applicable
1971 regulate the import, registration process, involves purchase or use of any
manufacture, sale, transport, distribution, and use insecticide or pesticides in the STP
of insecticides (pesticides) to prevent risk to human premises for landscaping purpose
beings or animals and for all connected matters,
throughout India. It directs the usage of only
approved pesticides / insecticides
19.
The Right to Fair Compensation and Private land acquisition is guided by the provisions The STP is in ownership of AMC. The Not applicable
Transparency in Land Acquisition, and procedures under this Act. Before the proposed project doesn’t involve any
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, acquisition of any land, the Government is required land acquisition or livelihood impacts
2013. to consult the concerned Panchayat or Municipal as the area proposed for upgradation
Corporation and carry out a Social Impact is within existing project premises.
Assessment in consultation with them. The Act Workers directly or indirectly
provides a transparent process for land acquisition engaged with AMC/Contractors are
for industrialization, development of essential working within the existing premises
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infrastructural facilities and urbanization by giving who will be absorbed during
adequate financial compensation to the affected construction related activities and
people. continue to be engaged in current
tasks.
Amendment of section 2 of 30 of 2013: Following
proviso is inserted, provided also that the
Right to Fair Compensation and
acquisition of land for the projects listed in Section
Transparency in Land Acquisition, For any involuntary resettlement or
10A and the purposes specified therein shall be
Rehabilitation and Resettlement (Gujarat forced eviction from government
exempted from the provisions of the first provision.
Amendment) Act, 2016. land or encroachment on municipal
10 A Power of the state government to exempt drains, RFCTLARR 2016 shall be
certain projects including projects vital to national applied.
security or defence of India, rural infrastructure
including electrification, affordable housing and
housing for poor, industrial corridors set up by State
Government and its undertaking (up to 1 km on
both side of railways or roads of such corridor),
infrastructure projects including projects under PPP
where ownership of land lies with state government
20.
The Honourable Supreme Court of India Banned fresh encroachment of roads, pavements The project will be developed within Not applicable
order, pertaining to removal and and sideways by construction of religious structures the existing project boundary only
restriction of encroachment of religious or installation of statues of public figures. The order which is enclosed.
structures on the public space. can empower municipal and government bodies to
prevent unauthorized constructions being carried
out under the garb of religious structures as often
local political interests and religious sentiments
render authorities helpless.
21.
Central Ground Water Authority- All new infrastructure projects, who have submitted Not applicable. As no Ground water Not Applicable
‘Guidelines to control and regulate their applications prior to 24.09.2020 and propose extraction is envisaged.
groundwater extraction in India’ to draw more than 20 KLD of ground water are
September 2020 required to submit proof of installation of STP or
submit an affidavit as per format available on the
website.
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22.
The Factories Act 1948, amended 1954, An Act to consolidate and amend the law regulating Applicable as more than 10 workers Construction and
1970, 1976 and 1987 labour in factories. WHEREAS it is expedient to are expected to be involved in any operation
consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in year in the project.
factories.
Health, Safety, Welfare and other provisions are
mentioned specifically for compliance.
23.
The Building & Other Construction All the establishments who carry on any building or • Applicable to any building or other Construction phase,
Workers (Regulation of Employment & other construction work and employ 10 or more construction work employing 10 or Operations and
Conditions of Service) BOCW Act, 1996 workers are covered under this Act. All such more workers. Maintenance phases
establishments are required to pay Cess at rate not
• Provide safety measures at the
exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be
construction work and other welfare
notified by the Government.
measures, such as insurance,
The employer of the establishment is required to canteens, first-aid facilities,
provide safety measures at the building or ambulance, housing accommodation
construction work and other welfare measures, for workers near the workplace etc.,
such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance,
housing accommodation for workers near the
workplace etc.
The employer to whom the Act applies has to obtain
a registration certificate from the Registering
Officer appointed by the Government and require
reporting as desired by the Registering Office in
compliance to the Act
- Cess should be paid at a notified rate;
24.
Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) No child below 14 years of age will be employed or No child labour will be appointed for Construction and
Act, 1986 and Rules, amended 2016 permitted to work in any of the occupations set any work related to this project. Operation phase
forth in the Act’s Part A of the Schedule or in any
workshop wherein any of the processes set forth in
Part B of the Schedule.
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Child can help his family or family enterprise, which
is other than any hazardous occupations or
processes set forth in the Schedule, after his school
hours or during vacations
25.
Minimum Wages Act, 1948 The employer is supposed to pay not less than the All construction workers should be Construction and
Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government paid not less than the prescribed Operation phase
as per provisions of the Act, if the employment is a minimum wage.
scheduled employment. Construction of Buildings,
Roads, Runways are scheduled employment.
26.
The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976: Applicable. Labour involved during Construction and
Act 1976 States that all forms of bonded labour stand the project will be appointed as per Operation phase
abolished, and every bonded labour stands freed prevailing laws and rules.
and discharged from any obligations to render any
bonded labour
27.
Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 & The Act requires if personal injury is caused to a Applicable during the construction Construction phase
Rules 1924 workman by accident arising out of and during his phase.
employment, his employer should be liable to pay
compensation in accordance with the provisions of
this Act.
28. Contractor shall register with Labour Construction phase
Interstate Migrant Workmen Act 1979 The Act is applicable to an establishment which
Department, if Inter-state migrant
employs 5 or more inter-state migrant workmen
workmen are engaged.
through an intermediary (who has recruited
Adequate and appropriate amenities
workmen in one state for employment in the
and facilities to be provided to
establishment situated in another state). The inter-
workers - housing, medical aid,
state migrant workmen, in an establishment to
traveling expenses
which this Act becomes applicable, are required to
be provided certain facilities such as housing,
medical aid, traveling expenses from home up to
the establishment and back, etc.,
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29. The Rules designate areas within a radius of 100 m
Ancient Monuments and Archaeological There is no protected monument in Construction phase, or
and 200 m from the “protected property/
Sites & Remains (Amendment and the subproject area. However, in case Operations / Maintenance
monument/ area�? as “prohibited area�? and
Validation) Act 2010 of chance finds, the contractors will
“regulated area�? respectively.
be required to follow a protocol as
Henceforth, no permission for construction of any
defined in the Environmental and
public projects or any other nature shall be granted
Social Management Plan (ESMP).
in the prohibited areas of the protected monument.
In respect of regulated area, the Competent
Authority may grant permission for construction,
reconstruction, repair and renovation based on
recommendation of the National Monument
Authority duly taking note of heritage byelaws,
which shall be prepared in respect of each
protected monument and protected area
30.
Right to Information Act, 2005 To secure access to information under the control Applicable, general public are Construction and
of public authorities entitled to ask information under this Operation phase
act related to the subproject. The
To promote transparency and accountability in the
project authorities shall provide
working of every public authority
necessary information.
31.
Gujarat (Right of Citizens to Public An Act to lay down an obligation upon every public Applicable, general public are Construction and
Services) Act, 2013 authority to render public services within the entitled to public services related to Operation phase
prescribed time limit and provide for a grievance the subproject including access to
redressal mechanism to citizens for non-compliance water supply and sewerage services.
and for the matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto.
32.
The Street Vendors (Protection of An Act to protect the rights of urban street vendors Not applicable as STP development is Not applicable
Livelihood and Regulation of Street and to regulate street vending activities and for within the existing boundary and no
Vending) Act was passed in 2014 matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. street vendors are present in the
plant premises or adjacent to the
plant premises
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33.
The Constitution (Seventy-Fourth An act to strengthen the Municipal Authorities. Applicable as the subproject is being Construction and
Amendment) Act, 1992 implemented by Municipal Operation phase
Corporation
34.
The Gujarat (Panchayats, Municipalities, An act to strengthen the Municipal Authorities. Applicable as the subproject is being Construction and
Municipal Corporations and State) Tax On implemented by Municipal Operation phase
Professions, Traders, Callings And Corporation
Employments Act, 1976 Amended till
2008
35.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes To prevent atrocities against scheduled castes and Not applicable. specifically, to project Overall applicability to all
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 and scheduled tribes. The objectives of the Act clearly but shall be applicable to all those working, directly and
further Amendments 2018. emphasized the intention of the government to working indirectly and directly on the indirectly in sub-project,
deliver justice to these communities through sub-project. and in AMC. during construction and
proactive efforts to enable them to live in society operation.
with dignity and self-esteem and without fear or
violence or suppression from the dominant castes.
36. The Sexual Harassment of Women at To provide protection against sexual harassment of Applicable, to all workers, including
Construction and
Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and women at workplace and for the prevention and female workers/ employees engaged
Operation phase
Redressal) Act, 2013 redressal of complaints of sexual harassment and in project activities to have legal
for matter connected therewith or incidental protection and recourse under the
thereto act.
37. The Prohibition of Employment as An Act to provide for the prohibition of employment Applicable. As G-ACRP involves sub
Construction and
Manual Scavengers and their as manual scavengers, rehabilitation of manual project which includes upgradation
operation
Rehabilitation Act, 2013 scavengers and their families, and for matters or setting up new projects which
connected therewith or incidental thereto. involves sewer lines and STP. As per
definition in the act, it includes:
- hazardous cleaning in relation to
sewers and septic tanks and
manual cleaning.
- unsanitary latrines which require
manual removal and disposal of
excreta;
- local authority meaning municipal
bodies/ panchayat.
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ANNEXURE III: WORLD BANK ESSs APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT
ESSs Objectives Requirements ESF Relevance & Extent of Relevance to the
Project
World Bank It sets out the mandatory requirements of • The types of E&S risk and impacts that Applicable to this project for the rehabilitation
Environmental and the Bank about the projects it supports should be considered in the of STP and allied activities such as TSPS repairs
Social Framework for through Investment Project Financing. environmental and social assessment. and access road surfacing
Investment Project • The use and strengthening of the
Financing Borrower’s environmental and social
framework for the assessment,
development, and implementation of
World Bank-financed projects where
appropriate.
ESS-1 Assessment and Identify, assess, evaluate, and manage the • The types of E&S risk and impacts that The requirement under this component
Management of environmental and social risks and impacts should be considered in the includes:
Environmental and in a manner consistent with the ESF. To environmental and social assessment. i) Upgradation of STP,
Social Risks and adopt a mitigation hierarchy approach to: • The use and strengthening of the ii) Construction activities which include
Impacts (a) Anticipate and avoid risks and impacts; Borrower’s environmental and social demolition and construction wastes from
(b) Where avoidance is not possible, framework for the assessment, existing STP, new construction activities and
minimize or reduce risks and impacts to development, and implementation of iii) Appropriate technology application to
acceptable levels; World Bank-financed projects wherever handle the current/ future load with
(c) Once risks and impacts have been appropriate. potential environmental and social risks and
minimized or reduced, mitigate; and impacts.
(d) Where significant residual impacts iv) Facilities or activities that are to be carried
remain, compensate for or offset them, out, or planned to be carried out,
where technically contemporaneously with the project,
and financially feasible. v) Benefits occurring from the sub-project
include labor opportunities, procurement of
local goods, services, equipment, and
materials, the release of treated water for
non-domestic purposes, improvement in
quality of life for city and downstream users
due to better treatment of sewage water.
ESS-2 Labor-and- • Promote safety and health at work. • Requirements of the Borrower to assess Follow national, state, guidelines on OHS and
Working-Conditions the scale, duration/timing, and nature of WB EHGS for all works/activities
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• Promote fair treatment, non- workers to be employed, impacts/ risks The project will be hiring the following types of
discrimination, and equal opportunity associated with their engagement, and workers:
for project workers. how they will be addressed. i) Direct workers will include the project
• Protect project workers, with particular • Provisions on the treatment of direct, managers and supervisors, who are
emphasis on vulnerable workers. contracted, community, and primary employees of AMC, GUDM.
• Prevent the use of all forms of forced supply workers, and government civil ii) The workforce deployed by the Contractors
labor and child labor. servants. and the Project Management Consultant
• Support the principles of freedom of • Requirements on terms and conditions of will be deemed to be contracted workers.
association and collective bargaining of work, non-discrimination, and equal The Contractor(s) might further engage
project workers in a manner consistent opportunity and workers' organizations. multiple vendors and subcontractors;
with national law. Provisions on child labor and forced labor iii) Migrant laborers may be employed by the
• Provide project workers with and prevention of SEA/SH. contractor.
accessible means to raise workplace • Requirements on occupational health and iv) Local discomfort or potential conflicts with
concerns. safety, in keeping with the World Bank local people, moderate risk of Gender-
Group’s Environmental, Health, and Safety based Violence (GBV), social disturbance,
Guidelines (EHSG). and communicable diseases due to the low-
• Develop and implement written labor- level influx of migrant workers, including
management procedures applicable to the resource-related conflicts.
sub-project and compliance to national v) Labor and employment opportunities will
requirements, laws, procedures, be increased during the construction
guidelines, standards, etc. activities and local labor will be hired as far
as possible.
ESS-3 Resource- • Promote the sustainable use of • Resource efficiency measures should be To ensure Resource Efficiency, the project
Efficiency-and- resources, including energy, water, and analyzed as part of the environmental and preparation and the ESIA process will identify
Pollution-Prevention- raw materials. social assessment feasible measures for efficient
and-Management • Avoid or minimize adverse impacts on • When the project is a potentially (a) Energy use;
human health and the environment significant user of water or will have (b) Water management to minimize water usage
caused by pollution from project potentially significant impacts on water during construction, and recycling of water used
activities. quality, in addition to applying the construction, treated water reuse, upcycling of
• To avoid or minimize project-related resource efficiency requirements of this wastes and byproducts such as gases
emissions of short and long-lived ESS, the Borrower will adopt measures, to (c) Raw materials use by exploring the use of
climate pollutants. the extent technically and financially local materials, recycled aggregates, the project
feasible, that avoid or minimize water would also need to address the management of
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• To avoid or minimize the generation of usage so that the project’s water use does solid and liquid waste generated during the
hazardous and non-hazardous waste. not have significant adverse impacts on construction and operation phases.
communities, other users, and the (d) Avoid the release of pollutants, avoid,
environment. minimize and control such releases and comply
• Efficiency in the use of raw materials and, with regulations under nationals and local laws;
thereby, efficiency in costs and labor, can especially in terms of discharge of treated
be achieved by eliminating and/or effluents, sludge, screenings, and other wastes
minimizing the quantity used in the (including C&D wastes, solid wastes, plastics,
project, selecting the most appropriate hazardous, e-wastes, biomedical wastes if any in
raw materials possible, and reducing and screenings) emanating from proposed
recycling wastes. rehabilitation and operation & maintenance of
• The Borrower will avoid the release of STP
pollutants or, when avoidance is not e) minimize pollution impacts (waste and
feasible, minimize and control the wastewater (bypass) outflow, erosion of soil,
concentration and mass flow of their construction materials, chemicals used,
release using the performance levels and siltation, and other such impacts) during
measures specified in national law or the construction activities, maintenance,
EHSGs, whichever is most stringent. This emergencies, disasters
applies to the release of pollutants to air,
water, and land due to routine, routine, The facility has Consent to dispose of treated
and accidental circumstances, and with water in Sabarmati. Currently treated sewage is
the potential for local, regional, and also being discharged into Fatehwadi Canal as
transboundary impacts. requested by Irrigation Department, without
• ESS-3 refers to national law and Good permission from the regulatory authority,
International Industry Practice, in the first namely GPCB. In case of maintenance work of
instance the World Bank Groups’ EHSGs. Canal, the treated water is disposed of in the
treated sewage and sludge Sabarmati River. Issues related to pollution from
effluents, pollutants, and untreated sewage in
the Sabarmati River & Fatehwadi were reported
during consultations and discussions.
In case AMC and irrigation department decides
to continue reuse of treated sewage for
agriculture from the bank supported project, (i)
permit for the same shall be obtained from
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Project
GPCB (and that AMC has already informed
irrigation department that discharge into the
canal will be done only after receiving permit for
this from GPCB), (ii) AMC & Irrigation
Department shall discuss & decide on the
quantity of water required for such discharge
after obtaining permit; and alternate
arrangements if any required to be arranged for
irrigation (so as to help with lesser available
water for irrigation) as this discharge will be
stopped till permit is obtained; (iii) AMC with the
support of Irrigation Department shall
undertake a study on reuse of treated effluent
for irrigation in line with the Central Pollution
Control Board’s Guidelines of Reuse of Treated
Water for Irrigation, 2018, through reputed
Agricultural University with stakeholder
consultations as per the Guidelines and after
agreement with stakeholders and permit from
GPCB discharge the treated sewage so as to
avoid any negative environmental and health
issue on downstream communities.
The subproject shall ensure regulatory
compliance, and best standards for proposed
reuse, after consultations with the stakeholders.
This will reduce pollution, and resource
efficiency
ESS-4 Community- • Anticipate or avoid adverse impacts on Requirements on infrastructure, considering In the project, there is likely to be
Health-and-Safety the health and safety of project- safety and climate change and applying the i) Earth excavation, use of vibratory
affected communities during project concept of universal access, where technically equipment, construction debris handling
life cycle from routine and non-routine and financially feasible. and disposal, etc. during construction
circumstances ii) High likelihood of direct exposure to
increased construction-related traffic and
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Project
• Promote quality, safety, and climate • Requirements on traffic and road safety, equipment especially at road section
change considerations in infrastructure including road safety assessments and connecting canal road to the highway.
design and construction, including monitoring iii) There may be risks to and due to emergency
dams • Ecosystem services: Addresses risks release from the Vasna barrage, safety risks
• Avoid or minimize community arising from impacts on provisioning and to project due to flooding, extreme events
exposure to project-related traffic and regulating ecosystem service and mitigation, and impacts on downstream
road safety risks, diseases, and • Community exposure to health issues: communities. Unanticipated risks to the
hazardous materials Measures to avoid or minimize the risk of downstream communities in case of release
• Have in place effective measures to water-related, communicable, and non- of untreated sewage from STPs during
address emergency events communicable diseases on downstream construction or bypass during emergencies,
• Ensure that safeguarding of personnel communities or maintenance to Fatehwadi Canal or
and property is carried out in a manner • Requirements to assess risks associated Sabarmati River
that avoids or minimizes risks to the with security personnel, and review and iv) Moderate dust levels from earthworks,
project-affected communities report unlawful and abusive acts to moderate noise and emission level from
relevant authorities traffic congestion and idling of vehicles,
• Management and safety of hazardous demolition of STP units during rehabilitation
materials works
• Emergency preparedness and response v) There may be adverse impacts of discharge
from STP on adjoining communities,
especially during construction phase;
vi) Women and girls in adjacent communities
may face increased risk of gender-based
violence, sexual exploitation and abuse and
sexual harassment (GBV and SEA/SH) due to
larger labor presence and; other labor influx
related risks
ESS-5 Land- • Avoid or minimize involuntary • Project design alternatives for avoiding • Land acquisition and IR will not be required
Acquisition- resettlement by exploring project and minimizing involuntary resettlement for the project as the proposed project
Restrictions-on-Land- design alternatives impacts involves the upgradation of existing STP and
Use-and-Involuntary- • Avoid forced eviction • Applies to permanent or temporary capacity augmentation by AMC. Land use
Resettlement • Mitigate unavoidable adverse impacts physical and economic displacement will remain the same. The land is under the
from land acquisition or restrictions on resulting from different types of land Ahmedabad municipality as per land
land use by providing compensation at acquisition and restrictions on access records available
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Project
replacement cost and assisting • Does not apply to voluntary market • Accessibility to roads and rivers will not
displaced persons in their efforts to transactions, except where these affects change and uninterrupted. There is no
improve, or at least restore, livelihoods third parties livelihood loss expected from the proposed
and living standards to pre- • Provides criteria for “voluntary�? land upgradation and rehabilitation of the STP.
displacement levels or to levels donations, sale of community land, and • Accessibility to the river is not restricted
prevailing before the beginning of the parties obtaining income from illegal currently or in the proposed sub-project
project implementation, whichever is rentals upgradation. There is no commercial
higher • Prohibits forced eviction (removal against residential or common property within the
• Improve living conditions of poor or the will of affected people, without legal STP site.
vulnerable persons who are physically and other protection including all • Kuccha access road is existing and therefore
displaced, through the provision of applicable procedures and principles in road construction is proposed to enhance
adequate housing, access to services ESS5) the access
and facilities, and security of tenure • Requires that acquisition of land and • No resettlement activities are envisaged
• Conceive and execute resettlement assets happens only after payment of
activities as sustainable development compensation and resettlement has
programs occurred. Envisages benefits for affected
• Ensure that resettlement activities are persons
planned and implemented with • Requires community engagement and
appropriate disclosure of information, consultation, disclosure of information,
meaningful consultation, and the and a grievance mechanism
informed participation of those
affected
ESS-6 Biodiversity- • Protect and conserve biodiversity and For the sub-project, the ESIA will assess • Subproject areas are not protected areas or
Conservation habitats. whether sub-project activities will have critical habitats. Sabarmati and Khari River
• Apply the mitigation hierarchy and the impacts on natural habitat and biodiversity. and canals are all modified due to lack of
precautionary approach in the design Impacts on the Sabarmati River due to the water during most times of the year,
and implementation of projects that discharge of treated sewage from the STP will discharge of industrial effluents and poorly
could have an impact on biodiversity. be assessed. treated sewage, and altered water
• To promote the sustainable retention and flows.
management of living natural • Minimal impacts include site clearance
resources. activities for rehabilitation of STP or allied
activities such as material storage, which
may require clearing of site overgrowths.
No tree at the site is proposed to be cut or
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ESSs Objectives Requirements ESF Relevance & Extent of Relevance to the
Project
disturbed. Treated water of the STP will be
discharged into the Fatehwadi canal. After
upgradation of the 240 MLD STP,
discharged treated sewage will confirm
better quality which ultimately will benefit
the aquatic life downstream. The
biodiversity studies have indicated that the
project will very negligibly affect
biodiversity.
• There are no critical habitats in the
Sabarmati downstream as it is modified due
to developments around, discharge of
wastes and effluents from Ahmedabad and
nearby regions and receives no natural flow
during most of the year (9 months) and also
suffer around 50 percent deficit rainfall. It
gets water diverted from Narmada Canal for
the past 8 years (sourcing from Sardar
Sarovar Dam around 300kms away, from
which water is shared between 4 States
including Gujarat) which is stored at
riverfront for aesthetics and tourism as
envisaged under a riverfront
redevelopment project. Treated water from
STPs of the city is the major source of flow
through the river most of the year, and to
the Fatehwadi Canal which irrigates many
hectares of land downstream.
ESS-7 Indigenous- • Ensure that the development process • Applies when the Indigenous Peoples are Not relevant to this project.
People fosters full respect for affected parties’ present or have a collective attachment to
human rights, dignity, aspirations, the land, whether they are affected
identity, culture, and natural resource- positively or negatively and regardless of
based livelihoods. economic, political, or social vulnerability.
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ESSs Objectives Requirements ESF Relevance & Extent of Relevance to the
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• Promote sustainable development • The option to use different terminologies
benefits and opportunities in a manner for groups that meet the criteria set out in
that is accessible, culturally the Standard.
appropriate, and inclusive. • The use of national screening processes,
• Improve project design and promote providing these meet World Bank criteria
local support by establishing and and requirements.
maintaining an ongoing relationship • Coverage of forest dwellers, hunter-
based on meaningful consultation with gatherers, pastoralists, and other nomadic
affected parties. groups.
• Obtain the Free, Prior, and Informed • Requirements for meaningful consultation
Consent (FPIC) of affected parties in tailored to affected parties and a
three circumstances. grievance mechanism.
• Recognize, respect, and preserve the • Requirements for a process of free, prior,
culture, knowledge, and practices of and informed consent in three
Indigenous peoples, and provide them circumstances.
with an opportunity to adapt to
changing conditions in a manner and in
a timeframe acceptable to them.
ESS-8 Cultural- • Protect cultural heritage from the • The term ‘cultural heritage’ encompasses • Not relevant for this subproject except for
Heritage adverse impacts of project activities tangible and intangible heritage, which Chance Finds.
and support its preservation. may be recognized and valued at a local, • The location of the subproject does not
• Address cultural heritage as an integral regional, national or global level, as have any ancient monuments and/or
aspect of sustainable development. follows: archaeological site(s), a protected area of
• Promote meaningful consultation with • Tangible cultural heritage includes local importance. As per the Heritage
stakeholders regarding cultural movable or immovable objects, sites, Department of AMC and data available,
heritage. structures, groups of structures, and there are no tangible or intangible Cultural
• Promote the equitable sharing of natural features and landscapes that have heritage or protected monuments within
benefits from the use of cultural archaeological, paleontological, historical, the STP premises or adjacent to it. The
heritage. architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other nearest monument is the Fateh Baug Fort at
cultural significance. Tangible cultural a distance of 1.6km from the STP.
heritage may be located in urban or rural • Bag E Sukun Kabrastan (Shia Isthna Ashri
settings, and may be above or below land Kabrastan) is located 50 m away from the
or under the water; STP boundary and is accessible by highway
64 and also through service road. It is
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Project
• Applies to all projects that are likely to located 750 m from the gate of the STP
have risks or impacts on cultural heritage. compound. Outfall is located almost 730 m
This will include a project which: from the Kabristan boundary.
(a) Involves excavations, demolition, • Marthoma Church Ahmedabad Cemetery is
movement of earth, flooding, or other located 500 m away from the boundary and
changes in the physical environment; the gate, it is about 1.2 km. Therefore,
(b) Is located within a legally protected impacts on the same are not anticipated
area or a legally defined buffer zone; due to project activities.
(c) Is located in, or in the vicinity of, a • Considering Ahmedabad as a Heritage city
recognized cultural heritage site; or and the banks of the river Sabarmati as
(d) Is specifically designed to support the being significant for potential heritage sites,
conservation, management, and use of the chance finds procedure will be framed
cultural heritage. and implemented for any such discovery
• Applies to cultural heritage regardless of during excavation and construction
whether or not it has been legally activities within STP premises.
protected or previously identified or
disturbed.
ESS-9 Financial- • Sets out how Financial Intermediaries • Financial Intermediaries (FIs) to have an Not relevant as there is no financial intermediary
Intermediaries (FI) will assess and manage Environmental and Social Management involved.
environmental and social risks and System (ESMS) - a system for identifying,
impacts associated with the assessing, managing and monitoring the
subprojects it finances. environmental and social risks and
• Promote good environmental and impacts of FI subprojects on an ongoing
social management practices in the basis.
subprojects the FI finance. • FI to develop a categorization system for
• Promote good environmental and all subprojects; with special provisions for
sound human resources management subprojects categorized as high or
within the FI. substantial risk. FI borrowers to conduct
stakeholder engagement in a manner
proportionate to the risks and impacts of
the FI subprojects.
ESS-10 Stakeholder- • Establish a systematic approach to • Requires stakeholder engagement • Relevant as the subproject will involve a
Engagement-and- stakeholder engagement that helps throughout the project life cycle, and wide variety of stakeholders during its
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ESSs Objectives Requirements ESF Relevance & Extent of Relevance to the
Project
Information- Borrowers identify stakeholders and preparation and implementation of a project cycle. SEP has been prepared and it
Disclosure maintain a constructive relationship Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP). is a dynamic document for the G-ACRP
with them. • Requires early identification of project which will be followed for all sub-
• Assess the level of stakeholder interest stakeholders, both project-affected projects. Consultations have been carried
and support for the project and enable parties and other interested parties, and out for the preparation of the draft ESIA,
stakeholders’ views to be considered in clarification on how effective engagement details are included in Chapter 8.
project design. takes place.
• Promote and provide means for • Stakeholder engagement to be conducted
effective and inclusive engagement in a manner proportionate to the nature,
with project-affected parties scale, risks, and impacts of the project,
throughout the project life cycle. and appropriate to stakeholders’
• Ensure that appropriate project interests.
information is disclosed to • Specifies what is required for information
stakeholders in a timely, disclosure and to achieve meaningful
understandable, accessible, and consultation.
appropriate manner.
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ANNEXURE IV: BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT: FLORA & FAUNA
Flora
Trees
Sl Family Scientific name Author name Common name Origin IUCN status
No:
English Gujarati/Hindi
1 Annonaceae Annona squamosa L. Custard apple Sitaphal E NA
2 Annonaceae Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Mast tree Asopalav E NA
3 Apocynaceae Holarrhena pubescensFfatehwadi Wall. Ex G.Don Indrajao Kadvo indrajav N LC
fF
4 Apocynaceae Wrightia tinctoria R. Br. Sweet indrajao Mitho dudhalo N NA
5 Arecaceae Borassus flabellifer L. Toddy palm Taad E NA
6 Arecaceae Cocos nucifera L. Coconut Nariel N NA
7 Caesalpiniaceae Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Flame Tree Gulmohor E LC
8 Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia L. Whistling Pine Vilayti saru N NA
9 Combretaceae Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guillem. & Perr. Axle Wood Tree Dhavdo N NA
10 Ebenaceae Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. Coromandel Ebony Timru N NA
11 Fabaceae Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. Rain Tree Roto sarasdo E NA
12 Fabaceae Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Flame of the Forest Palas, Kesudo N NA
13 Lamiaceae Gmelina arborea Roxb. White Teak Sivan N NA
14 Leguminosae Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Wild tamarind Su Baval E NA
15 Leguminosae Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K.Heyne Copperpod Tamrafali E NA
16 Leguminosae Pithecelobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Sweet Tamarind Vilayti Amli E NA
17 Leguminosae Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Pongam Tree Karanja N LC
18 Leguminosae Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Indian Mesquite Khijado N NA
19 Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Neem Limbdo N NA
20 Mimosaceae Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. Indian gum Tree Baval N LC
21 Moraceae Ficus benghalensis L. Banyan Tree Vad N NA
22 Moraceae Ficus hispida L.f. Hairy fig Dedh umbar N NA
23 Moraceae Ficus racemosa L. Cluster fig Umbar N NA
24 Moraceae Ficus virens Aiton White Fig Pepri N NA
25 Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam. Drumstick Mittho N NA
Saragvo
26 Myrtaceae Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jamun Jambu N NA
27 Rubiaceae Morinda citrifolia L. Indian Mulberry Aal E NA
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28 Rutaceae Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Wood apple Bili N NA
29 Sapindaceae Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr. Lac Tree Kusum N NA
30 Sapotaceae Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A.Chev. Indian Butter Tree Mahudo N NA
31 Simaroubaceae Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Indian Tree of Heaven Arduso N NA
32 Verbenaceae Tectona grandis L. f. Teak Sag N NA
Shrubs
Sl no Family Scientific name Author name Common name Origin IUCN status
English Gujarati/Hindi
1 Apocynaceae Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand. Rubber Bush Akdo, Nani rui N NA
2 Capparaceae Capparis sepiaria L. Wild Caper Bush Kalo kantharo N NA
3 Cucurbitaceae Cucumis sativus L. Cucumber Keshar N NA
4 Euphorbiaceae Croton bonplandianus Baill. Ban tulsi Kala Bhangra N NA
5 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia neriifolia L. Indian Spurge Tree Thor N NA
6 Euphorbiaceae Ricinus communis L. Castor oil plant Aerendiyo N NA
7 Leguminosae Abrus precatorius L. Coral bead vine Chanothi N NA
8 Leguminosae Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Algaroba Gandobaval E NA
9 Lythraceae Lawsonia inermis L. Henna Mendi N NA
10 Malvaceae Abutilon pannosum (G.Forst.) Schltdl. Ragged mallow Khapat N NA
11 Rhamnaceae Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.f.) Wight & Arn. Jhar Beri Chania bor N NA
12 Rhamnaceae Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. Kath ber Ghat bor N NA
13 Verbenaceae Lantana camara L. Lantana Gandhari E NA
Herbs
1 Acanthaceae Blepharis integrifolia (L.f.) E.Mey. & Drège ex Schinz Narrow-Leaf Blepharis Rankklits N NA
2 Acanthaceae Elytraria acaulis (L.f.) Lindau Asian Scalystem Shat muli N NA
3 Amaranthaceae Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-Hil. Smooth Chaff Flower E NA
4 Amaranthaceae Amaranthus viridis L. Pigweed jungali N NA
chaulayi
5 Amaranthaceae Chenopodium album L. Bathua Bathavo N NA
6 Apocynaceae Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. Indian Sarsaparilla Anantamul N NA
7 Asteraceae Sphaeranthus indicus L. East Indian Globe Thistle Gorakhmundi N LC
8 Asteraceae Blumea eriantha DC. wool-flower blumea Kapurio N NA
9 Asteraceae Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. Little ironweed Sahadevi E NA
10 Asteraceae Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M.Badillo Sticky Blumea N NA
11 Asteraceae Echinops echinatus Roxb. Gokhru Shulio N NA
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12 Asteraceae Pentanema indicum (L.) Ling Sonkadi Bichhloo N NA
13 Asteraceae Tridax procumbens (L.) L. Tridax daisy Pardesi E NA
Bhangro
14 Boraginaceae Coldenia procumbens L. Creeping coldenia Okhrad N NA
15 Convolvulaceae Convolvulus arvensis L. Field Bindweed Nari vel N NA
16 Cyperaceae Kyllinga bulbosa P.Beauv. White Water Sedge N LC
17 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia hirta L. Asthama Weed Bara dudhi N NA
18 Lamiaceae Ocimum basilicum L. Basil Maruo N NA
19 Leguminosae Clitoria ternatea L. Butterfly Pea Garni N NA
20 Leguminosae Indigofera linnaei Ali Birdsville Indigo Leel N NA
21 Leguminosae Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. Memnonia Snoutbean Nahnikamalvel N LC
22 Leguminosae Senna tora (L.) Roxb. Stinking Cassia Pochandio N NA
23 Leguminosae Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. Common tephrosia ghodakan N NA
24 Malvaceae Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. Sweet Hibiscus Kantalo N NA
bhende
25 Malvaceae Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Buttonweed Bhony kanskai N NA
26 Malvaceae Sida cordifolia L. Heart leaf sida Kharenti N NA
27 Malvaceae Sida rhombifolia L. Cuban jute Khetraubat- N NA
atibala
28 Marsileaceae Marsilea quadrifolia L. Four Leaf Clover E LC
29 Menispermaceae Cissampelos pareira L. Velvet Leaf Pahadvel E NA
30 Molluginaceae Glinus lotoides L. Lotus Sweetjuice Mitho Okharad N NA
31 Molluginaceae Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug.DC. Jima Gholo Ohkrad N NA
32 Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Lotus Motunkamal N NA
33 Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia diffusa L. Punarnava Nano vasedo N NA
34 Nyctaginaceae Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Great Bougainvillea Boganvel E NA
35 Papaveraceae Argemone mexicana L. Satyanashi Darudi E NA
36 Poaceae Alopecurus nepalensis Trin. ex Steud. Nepal Foxtail Grass Kang N NA
37 Poaceae Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda grass Darbh N NA
38 Poaceae Desmostachya bipinnata (L.) Stapf Daabh Dabh N LC
39 Poaceae Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. Japanese lovegrass Limor N NA
40 Polygonaceae Polygonum plebeium var. brevifolia R.Br. Small Knotweed Zinako Okhrad N NA
41 Polygonaceae Polygonum plebeium var. plebium Small Knotweed Machechi
42 Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane Ghol Kotbo N NA
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Fauna
Common Name Scientific Name Authority Family IUCN WPA CITES Migration
Status Schedule appendix Status
Avifauna
African Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos (Pennant, 1769) Anatidae LC IV II R
Ashy prinia Prinia socialis (Sykes, 1832) Cisticolidae LC - - R
Ashy-crowned Sparrowlark Eremopterix griseus (Scopoli, 1786) Alaudidae LC IV - R
Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica (Pallas, 1811) Muscicapidae LC IV - WV
Asian koel Eudynamys scolopaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Cuculidae LC IV - R
Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans (Boddaert, 1783) Ciconiidae LC - - R
Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis (Gray, 1829) Apodidae LC - - R
Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus (Latham, 1790) Sturnidae LC IV - R
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica (Linnaeus, 1758) Hirundinidae LC - - WV
Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) Ploceidae LC - - R
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus (Vieillot, 1817) Dicruridae LC IV - R
Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus, 1758) Oriolidae LC IV - R
Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium benghalense (Linnaeus, 1758) Picidae LC IV - R
Blyth's reed-warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum (Blyth, 1849) Acrocephalidae LC - - WV
Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum (Gmelin, 1789) Sturnidae LC IV - R
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758) Ardeidae LC IV - R
Common Babbler Argya caudata (Dumont, 1823) Leiotrichidae LC IV - R
Common Iora Aegithina tiphia (Linnaeus, 1758) Aegithinidae LC IV - R
Common Myna Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) Sturnidae LC IV - R
Common Quail Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758) Phasianidae LC IV - R
Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius (Pennant, 1769) Cisticolidae LC - - R
common Woodshrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus (Gmelin, 1789) Vangidae LC - - R
Coppersmith Barbet Psilopogon haemacephalus (Müller, 1776) Megalaimidae LC IV - R
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Eurasian collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky, 1838) Columbidae LC IV - R
Golden-fronted leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons (Temminck, 1829) Chloropseidae LC - - R
Green bee-eater Merops orientalis (Latham, 1802) Meropidae LC - - R
House Crow Corvus splendens (Vieillot, 1817) Corvidae LC V - R
House sparrow Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Passeridae LC - - R
Indian Golden Oriole Oriolus kundoo (Sykes, 1832) Oriolidae LC IV - R
Indian Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos (Wagler, 1827) Corvidae LC - - R
Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Phasianidae LC I III R
Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii (Sykes, 1832) Ardeidae LC IV - R
Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicatus (Linnaeus, 1766) Muscicapidae LC - - R
Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Coraciidae LC IV - R
Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica (Linnaeus, 1758) Estrildidae LC IV - R
Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia (Wagler, 1829) Ardeidae LC IV - R
Jungle Babbler Turdoides striata (Dumont, 1823) Leiotrichidae LC IV - R
Large Grey Babbler Argya malcolmi (Sykes, 1832) Leiotrichidae LC IV - R
Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Columbidae LC IV - R
Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger (Vieillot, 1817) Phalacrocoracidae LC IV - R
Little Egret Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) Ardeidae LC IV - R
Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis (Pallas, 1764) Podicipedidae LC IV - R
Oriental Honey-buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus (Temminck, 1821) Accipitridae LC - II R
Oriental Magpie-robin Copsychus saularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Muscicapidae LC - - R
Oriental white-eye Zosterops palpebrosus (Temminck, 1824) Zosteropidae LC - - R
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis (Linnaeus, 1758) Alcedinidae LC IV - R
Plain prinia Prinia inornata (Sykes, 1832) Cisticolidae LC - - R
Plum-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala (Linnaeus, 1766) Psittacidae LC IV II R
Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus (Latham, 1790) Nectariniidae LC IV - R
Purple-rumped Sunbird Leptocoma zeylonica (Linnaeus, 1766) Nectariniidae LC IV - R
Red-collared Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica (Hermann, 1804) Columbidae LC IV - R
Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa (Temminck, 1824) Threskiornithidae LC IV - R
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Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer (Linnaeus, 1766) Pycnonotidae LC IV - R
Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus (Boddaert, 1783) Charadriidae LC - - R
Rock Bush Quail Perdicula argoondah (Sykes, 1832) Phasianidae LC IV - R
Rock Dove Columba livia (Gmelin, 1789) Columbidae LC - - R
Rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769) Psittacidae LC IV NC R
Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda (Latham, 1790) Corvidae LC - - R
Rufous-tailed Lark Ammomanes phoenicura (Franklin, 1831) Alaudidae LC IV - R
Shikra Accipiter badius (Gmelin, 1788) Accipitridae LC - II R
Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus (Linnaeus, 1766) Campephagidae LC IV - R
Southern coucal Centropus sinensis (Stephens, 1815) Cuculidae LC - - R
Streak-throated Swallow Petrochelidon fluvicola (Blyth, 1855) Hirundinidae LC - - R
Thick-billed flowerpecker Dicaeum agile (Tickell, 1833) Dicaeidae LC IV - R
Tickell's Blue flycatcher Cyornis tickelliae (Blyth, 1843) Muscicapidae LC IV - R
Whiskered tern Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811) Laridae LC - - WV
White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus (Pennant, 1769) Rallidae LC - - R
White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus (Lesson, 1841) Pycnonotidae LC IV - R
White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola (Lesson, 1830) Rhipiduridae LC - - R
White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis (Gmelin, 1789) Motacillidae LC - - R
White-eared Bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis (Gould, 1836) Pycnonotidae LC IV - R
white-spotted fantail Rhipidura albogularis (Lesson, 1832) Rhipiduridae LC - - R
White-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Alcedinidae LC IV - R
Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii (Leach, 1818) Hirundinidae LC - - R
Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense (Gmelin, 1789) Sylviidae LC IV - R
Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis (Latham, 1790) Threskiornithidae NT IV - R
melanocephalus
Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines, 1789) Accipitridae LC - II R
Indian Thick-knee Burhinus indicus (Salvadori, 1865) Burhinidae LC IV IV R
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber - Phoenicopteridae LC IV II R
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia - Threskiornithidae LC I II R
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Official Use
Asian Openbill Stork Anastomus oscitans - Ciconiidae LC IV II R
Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala - Ciconiidae NT IV II R
-
Butterflies
Common Name Scientific Name Authority Family IUCN WPA CITES
Status Schedule appendix
Blue Pansy Junonia orithya (Linnaeus, 1758) Nymphalidae - - -
Common emigrant Catopsilia pomona (Fabricius, 1775) Pieridae - - -
Common Grass yellow Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758) Pieridae - - -
Common Gull Cepora nerissa (Fabricius, 1775) Pieridae - - -
Crimson tip Colotis danae (Fabricius, 1775) Pieridae - - -
Dark cerulean Jamides bochus (Stoll, 1782) Lycaenidae - - -
Gram blue Euchrysops cnejus (Fabricius, 1798) Lycaenidae - II -
Grass Demon Udaspes folus (Cramer, 1775) Hesperiidae - - -
Lesser Grass Blue Zizina otis (Fabricius, 1787) Lycaenidae - - -
Lime swallowtail Papilio demoleus (Linnaeus, 1758) Papilionidae - - -
Pioneer Belenois aurota (Fabricius, 1793) Pieridae - - -
Plain tiger Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758) Nymphalidae - - -
Psyche Leptosia nina (Fabricius, 1793) Pieridae - - -
Common Pierrot Castalius rosimon (Fabricius, 1775) Lycaenidae - - -
Striped Pierrot Tarucus nara (Kollar, 1848) Lycaenidae - - -
Silverline Spindasis vulcanus (Fabricius, 1775) Lycaenidae - - -
Small Cupid Chilades parrhasius (Fabricius, 1793) Lycaenidae - - -
Spotless Grass Yellow Eurema laeta (Boisduval, 1836) Pieridae - - -
Striped Tiger Danaus genutia (Cramer, 1779) Nymphalidae - - -
Tawny coster Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus, 1758) Nymphalidae - - -
Yellow orange tip Ixias pyrene (Linnaeus, 1764) Pieridae - - -
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Zebra Blue Leptotes plinius (Fabricius, 1793) Lycaenidae - - -
Reptiles & Amphibians
Common Name Scientific Name Authority Family IUCN WPA CITES
Status Schedule appendix
Brahminy Skink Eutropis carinata (Schneider, 1801) Scincidae LC
Indian Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor (Daudin, 1802) Agamidae - - -
Indian Monitor Lizard Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802) Varanidae LC I I
Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Colubridae - II -
Rock Agama Psammophilus blanfordanus (Stoliczka, 1871) Agamidae LC - -
Common Skittering Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799) Dicroglossidae LC - -
Indian Bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1802) Dicroglossidae LC IV II
Common Indian Tree Frog Polypedates maculatus (Gray, 1830) Rhacophoridae LC - -
Mammals
Common Name Scientific Name Authority Family IUCN WPA CITES
Status Schedule appendix
Five Striped Squirrel Funambulus pennantii (Wroughton, 1905) Sciuridae LC IV -
Grey Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii (E. Geoffroy Saint- Herpestidae LC II III
Hilaire, 1818)
Northern Plains Langur Semnopithecus entellus (Dufresne, 1797) Cercopithecidae LC II I
Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis (F. Cuvier, 1823) Leporidae LC IV -
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Official Use
ANNEXURE V: OHS RISKS DURING VARIOUS SUBPROJECT PHASES
OHS Risks due to Pre-construction/ Construction Activities
Inherent risk during construction like fatal accidents, fire, explosion, falling from height, occupational injuries,
excavation, welding, material shifting, Loading/unloading are discussed in this report and relevant mitigation
measures are also suggested.
Some of the common risks during operation phase of the project, risk of fire, explosion due to LPG (if used in
labour camps, canteen / kitchen on site), traffic fatal accidents, Industrial accident due to Manmade & natural
calamities.
Transportation
Transportation for sourcing construction material will be required. Trucks and other vehicular movement
may lead to risk of accidents and Hazards created by Air, Dust & Noise pollution. This will not only affect
workman but also residents of nearby settlements. Qualitative hazards with control measure are stated in
Table 51.
Table 53: Construction Stage OHS Risks
Sl. Activity Hazards Likelihood/ Control Measures
No Consequence
1 Raw material D 1) Work as per Safe operating Procedures
Stone 2) Use of PPE/PPA
Crusher- coarse C 3) Avoid Manual operation
4) Safety supervision / communication
Aggregate and C
fine aggregate
capacity
Truck load 12MT C
2 Transportation Road accidents C 1) Follow strict Motor Vehicle Rules
2)PPE/PPA/First aid Box/Communication
3) Proper planning for avoiding Traffic
congestion
Crusher to site Dust evolution D 4) Authorized & Trained Driver
5) During unloading using fluorescent coloured
Tipper/Trucks Spillage on road D high visibility apparel.
6) Truck/ tipper floor Checks
7) Visual and auditory contact of the road worker
3 Unloading / Fatal accident C 1) Permanent right-of-way to provide room for
spreading materials
Levelling Body injury D 2) Use of PPE/PPA/ Barricade / Safety sign
display on Road / Caution board Display
4 Site Clearance/ Fatal Operators may B 1)Roll-over protective structure and a seatbelt to
Borrow Pits/ get killed in machine restrain the operator
Quarrying using roll-overs 2) Provide a supplementary steering system
(a)Wheeled and 3) Valid approval for operating nuclear gauge
crawler tractors, from the appropriate authority
loaders and
dozers.
(b) Motor graders
and scrapers.
(c) Self-propelled
rollers and
compactors
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Sl. Activity Hazards Likelihood/ Control Measures
No Consequence
5 Earth work falling or sliding D 1) Provide adequate piling and bracing against
material or article such bank or side
from any bank or side 2) Provide adequate shoring
of such excavation 3) Excavated material not to store at least 0.65
m from the edge of an open excavation or trench
4)Provide metal ladders, staircases or ramps
6 Movement of Fall over Tip Head C 1)A protective beam or timber baulk should be
trucks used.
numbers 50 – 500 2) Back under the control of a signalman
7 Bulldozers 1) Fatal Accident C 1) Avoid side hill travel
2) Injuries 2) Avoid obstacles such as rocks or logs
3) Dusty environment 3)Avoid overhanging material to fall due to
4) High Noise hazards vibration/ Load
4) Do not work
alone in deep water
8 Excavators 1) Fatal Accident C 1) When excavating trenches, place the
2) Injuries excavated material at least 600 mm clear of the
3) Dusty environment edge49
4) High Noise hazards 2) Avoid swinging your boom downhill any
further than necessary
3) Maintain Stability, Watch boom clearance
when travelling, Avoid jerky swings or sudden
braking
9 Backhoe loader 1) Fatal Accident C 1) Operate the backhoe from the correct area,
2) Injuries never from the ground.
3) Dusty environment 2) When operating on a slope, swing load uphill
4) High Noise hazards to dump
3) Select a level site While Parking
4) Lower bucket and backhoe to ground and
block wheels
5) Engage parking brake, remove ignition key
(parking)
10 Motor Grader 1) Fatal Accident C 1) Give the right-of-way to loaded vehicles
2) Toppled down 2) Drive at a slow speed in congested areas
3) Physical Injury 3) Remove ignition key when leaving grader.
4) Ground the blade when leaving grader
unattended.
5) Use coloured flags at each end of mouldboard
when blading.
6) Shift blade to centre and lock it when parking.
11 Smooth wheeled 1) Fatal Accident 1) Examine edges for soft
tandem roller 2) Injuries C Spots before starting work.
3) Dusty environment 2) Avoid gear changes on steep sections
4) High Noise hazards 3) Park on the flat
12 Vibratory Roller 1) Fatal Accident C 1)Use Rollover Protection safety when the
2) Injuries machine is operated over unsafe ground
3) Dusty environment 2) Use a three-point approach when entering or
4) High Noise hazards exiting the roller.
13 Surface courses 1) Accident. C 1)Use proper safety equipment
49 NHAI Safety Manual July 2012 Para 4.4
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Sl. Activity Hazards Likelihood/ Control Measures
No Consequence
2)Fire, severe burns, 2) Avoid wear rings, wristwatches, jewellery,
Eye Injury, lose or hanging apparel
2)Inhalation of Toxic 3) Keep away from the machine’s articulation
gases area when the engine is running.
Note: A-Remote, B- Unlikely, C- Likely, D- Highly likely, E-Near certainty
Site excavation work
Major work during initial project phases is to level project area & provide Pipeline for water supply,
Natural Drainage system, sewer lines, AWC, cables and main trunk road development. Thus, major
excavation work will be required to be undertaken, as per Concept Plan.
Site excavation Risk:
• A person falling into an excavation
• A person being trapped by the collapse of an excavation
• A person working in an excavation being struck by a falling thing
• A person working in an excavation being exposed to an airborne contaminant.
To manage the risks, all relevant matters must be considered including: i) The nature of the
excavation ii) The method of the excavation work, including the range of possible methods of carrying
out the work
The means of entry into and exit from the excavation to be restricted/ regulated, hard barricading,
cordoning etc,
Identifying the Excavation Hazards
The first step in the risk management process is to identify the hazards associated with excavation
work. Examples of excavation specific hazards include:
Underground essential services including gas, water, sewerage, telecommunications
• Electricity lines - Underground services network not found as being placed on ground.
• Any storage tanks, in and adjacent to the workplace, must be established before
• Directing or allowing excavation work, Controlled by site engineer through Site supervisor
• The fall or dislodgement of earth or rock
• Falls from one level to another
• Falling objects
• Inappropriate placement of excavated materials, plant or other loads
• The instability of any adjoining structure caused by the excavation
• Any previous disturbance of the ground including previous excavation
• The instability of the excavation due to persons or plant working adjacent to the excavation
• Hazardous atmosphere in an excavation – To be checked before work vibration and
hazardous noise from Excavators & Overhead essential services (power lines) and ground
mounted essential services – During visit, HT/LT overhead lines noticed in proposed plot
area.
Factors for suitable control measures
Excavating plan - when quantities are large, it may be effective to use for the various materials to be
excavated.
Stockpiling arrangements – Proper site may need to be found for temporary stockpiling of materials.
Materials should not dissolve and drained during Monsoon leading to water pollution
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Material placement - The methods and plant used for excavating, transporting and compacting the
material should be evaluated.
Dewatering equipment, if required, and the system to be used, transport of the excavated material
- the type of plant used, length of haul, the nature of the haul route, and the conditions of tipping
and/or spreading.
For Excavation planning to minimize functional Risk to workers and society following steps are
required:
• Study nature and/or condition of the ground and/or working environment
• Predict weather conditions
• Consider nature of the work and other activities that may affect health and safety
• Calculate static and dynamic loads near the excavation
• Storm Water Management System
• Vibration
• Select proper type of equipment used for excavation work
• Plan for public safety
• Go through existing services and their location
• The length of time the excavation is to remain open
• Provision of adequate facilities
• Procedures to deal with emergencies
Table 54: Common hazards associated with excavation work and examples of control measures
Potential hazards Examples of control measures
Ground collapse The use of benching or the installation of ground support (e.g. shoring)
Water inrush Pumps or other dewatering systems to remove water and prevent build-up
Hazardous manual task Ramps, steps or other appropriate access into the excavation
Airborne contaminants Rotating tasks between workers
Working underground or Appropriate ventilation arrangements shall be provided
in closed structures
Underground services Obtain information from the relevant authorities on the location of
underground services.
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Figure 39: Safety Precautions in Excavations
Figure 38 shows an excavation with shoring that has been designed to carry vehicle and material
loads. This may be required where there is limited space around the excavation for vehicle movement
and /or material storage. An excavation with shoring that has been designed only to carry the load
of the excavated faces and the related zone of influence.
Any material will add a load to the area where it is placed. It is important that materials are not placed
or stacked near the edge of any excavation as this would put persons working in the excavation at
risk. For example, the placement of material near the edge of an excavation may cause a collapse of
the side of the excavation.
To reduce the risk of ground collapse, excavated or loose material should be stored away from the
excavation. Excavated material should be placed outside the zone of influence. Alternatively, a
ground support system should be designed and installed to carry the additional loads, including any
ground water pressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated materials.
Mobile plant operator blind spots
Powered mobile plant operating near ground personnel or other powered mobile plant should be
equipped with warning devices (e.g., reversing alarm and a revolving light).
ESIA FOR REHABILITATION OF THE EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022 294
Figure 40: Mobile Plant Operator Blind Spots
An effective system of communication based on two-way acknowledgement between mobile plant
operators and ground workers should be established before work commences. Relevant workers
should also be trained in the procedures involved prior to the work commencing. The system should
stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the operator has agreed to their request
to approach. Similarly, the system should stop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance
from ground workers until the operator has been advised by ground workers that they are aware of
the proposed movement.
Mobile plant operators and ground workers should be made familiar with the blind spots of particular
items of plant being used. Induction training programs should emphasis the dangers of workers
working near mobile plant, and adequate supervision should be provided.
Mobile plant operators and ground workers should be provided with and required to wear high-
visibility clothing. Table 53 presents the risk and remedial measures during the pre and post
construction phase.
Table 55: OHS Risks due to various Tools and Equipment
Sl. Operations Risk/Impact
No
1 Tower Crane Injury, Fatal accident.
Contact with High Voltage Live wires
2 Batching Plant Accident
3 Construction/material Hoists Personal injury
Accidents
5 Portable electrical equipment pre-& post Burn/fatal
construction
6 Pressure vessels Pressure air-Rupture
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Sl. Operations Risk/Impact
No
7 Hazardous substances paint/ thinner, waxes Fire, explosion, toxic release, Unhygienic dust.
Plastics sheets
8 Scaffolding Fall from Height
Fatal accident
9 Ladders Accident, Injury, Fall, Slip
10 Lifts Accidental, Injury even fatal
11 Hoists Accidental Injury
12 Material handling cranes Accidental Injury
even fatal
13 Rigging during erection work of STP Accidental Injury
14 Using tools/equipment with moving part(s) Nipping
Injury to hand
Electrical Shocks, Leg Injury
15 Using tools/ equipment that vibrate Vibration hazard
Electrical wiring Electrical shocks
Asbestos removal Asbestosis
Welding Eye, Body Burns, Toxic gases inhalation
16 Working around electrical installations/ working Electrical shocks, Injury
near traffic/ working at a height (>3m)/ Working Fatal accident hazard of toxic gases inhalation
in isolation. Working in a confined space/
demolition work
17 Work environment Accidental Injury, Occupational Hazards, Rashes
Noise Burn
Dust/ fumes/ vapours/gases Skin deceases
Extreme temperatures
Slippery surfaces/ trip hazards
Poor ventilation/ air quality
A poorly designed work area for the project/ task
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ANNEXURE VI: DISCUSSION ON MAJOR PROPOSED/ ONGOING PROJECTS IN AHMEDABAD
Sl Project Ahmedabad Metro Phase 1 and Phase 2
NO
1 Proponent Gujarat Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (GMRC); SPV of Government of Gujarat and Government of India;
earlier known as Metro-Link Express for Gandhinagar And Ahmedabad (Mega) Company Ltd.
2 EIA /Risk Yes, by RITES
Assessment
3 Details Phase 1:
Date of Opening Phase 1 06/03/2019
Current Operational Length 6.10 Km
Current Ridership 820 Passenger/day for FY 2019-20
No. of Train 1(One)
Frequency 50 minutes
Lines operated 1 (One)
No. of Station in operation 4
Important Destinations covered by Ahmedabad famous Cotton Mills near ARPK station,
metro Ahmedabad Railway station (4.4 Km) and residential
societies of Vastral Gam
The total length of the Ahmedabad Metro Rail Project Phase-I is about 40.03 km out of which
approximately 6.5 KM is underground, and the rest is elevated section. The project will connect 4
corners of the Ahmedabad city with 2 corridors and 32 stations.
The length of the East-West Corridor is about 21.16 km with 17 stations in the route. This corridor will
connect Vastral Gaam to Thaltej Gaam and will be passing through Nirant Cross Road, Vastral, Rabari
Colony, Amraiwadi, Apparel Park, Kankaria East, Kalupur Railway Station, Ghee Kanta, Shahpur, Old
High Court, Stadium, Commerce Six Road, Gujarat University, Gurukul Road, Doordarshan Kendra,
Thaltej stations. In the East-West corridor, approximately 6.5 km is the underground section with 4
underground stations and the rest is the elevated section with 13 elevated stations. Old High Court
station will be an interchange station for both the corridors.
Phase 2:
Phase-2 of Ahmedabad Metro Rail Project comprises construction of 28.25 km long fully elevated
corridor in 2 parts. The first part is Line-2 from Motera Stadium to Mahatma Mandir of length 22.83
ESIA FOR REHABILITATION OF THE EXISTING 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, 2022 297
km with 20 stations while the second part is Line-3 from GNLU to GIFT City of length 5.41 km with two
stations.
Phase-2 received approval from Union Government in February 2019 with an estimated cost of INR
5384.17 Crores with civil construction activities started from February this year. This is expected to be
complete by 2023 December.
4 Map Phase 1 & 2
5 Important points − The influence zone of 11 meter has been created as per GMRC policy. No construction shall be
for G-ACRP permitted within 5 meters from the edge of metro corridor/ station structure for the safety
Subproject ESIA reasons as per GMRC NOC policy. Applicable for subprojects (STP new constructions) at Vasna
− Alignment of trunk sewers along metro line to consider impacts; especially work scheduling,
Occupational and Community Health and Safety, cumulative air pollution impacts
− Check corridor from Koteswar to Airport; and consider impacts of Metro corridor passing near
proposed Koteswar STP. Vibration, pollution.
− New Metro bridge upstream o proposed Barrage for water supply to city
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Sl Project Smart City Project, Ahmedabad
NO
1 Proponent Government of India and Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
2 EIA / Risk No
Assessment
3 Details Car parking, IT for parking, health; street lighting LED, OFC, Water supply, Anganwadi, Water & Drainage
network in Ranip, Kali, STP with power plant – 100 mld; micro-tunnelling : Vadaj to Paldi, Juna Vadaj Slum
Rehabilitation, Waste to Energy, BRT automated swing gates, Water SCADA, Cybersecurity, NMT, Veg
supply E-Rick, GRM chatbots
4 Map
5 Important points − Check at subproject ESIA if any associated facility, in drainage or sewerage micro tunneling, or STP
for G-ACRP development contemporaneous to G- ACRP.
Subproject ESIA
Sl NO Project Sabarmati Riverfront Development Phase 2 From Acher – Hansol to Indira Bridge At District Ahmedabad,
Gujarat
1 Proponent Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, through its SPV Sabarmati Riverfront Development Corporation Ltd
(SRFDCL)
2 EIA /Risk Yes (except for newly proposed Barrage), by Kadam Enviro Group of Companies
Assessment
3 Details Extending existing riverfront (11 kms) to further 5 kms towards Gandhinagar, along both edges of the river
Sabarmati for Rs 850 Crores (113 million USD). The newly upgraded area will have recreational facilities and
pathways as in the case of existing riverfront development from Vasna Barrage to Hansol. During first phase
of Riverfront development SRFDCL was provided with a seed capital of Rs. 9 crore and entrusted with the
responsibility of developing the riverfront on a Build, Maintain, Operate and Transfer (BMOT) basis. The
SPV model was used to avoid the delays associated with municipal decision-making. Riverbed land, which
was originally held by the Government of Gujarat, was transferred to the AMC. AMC has, in turn, granted
development rights to SRFDCL for this reclaimed riverbed land. Activities under Phase 2 include :
1. Construction of green embankment on both banks of the river.
2. Reclamation of approximately 108 Ha of land
3. Annual retention of water in the river
4. Development of public gardens, amenities and facilities
5. Development of wide public promenades along the entire length of river
6. Development of street network along the river for North-South connectivity
7. Development of Urban infrastructure along both the banks
8. Self-Financed mechanism for the development of the entire project
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4 Map
5 Important − Though the location of proposed barrage (upstream of Vasna Barrage within city limits) is indicated in
points for G- approved EIA, no impacts or risks identified or assessed for proposed Barrage
ACRP − Disposal of treated effluent from proposed subprojects upstream of proposed barrage, or into
Subproject riverfront may have health impacts considering the dead storage
ESIA − New metro bridge upstream of Barrage
− Safety: Vasna Barrage, Flooding
Sl NO Project Waste to Energy Plant at Gyaspur, near Pirana
1 Proponent Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
2 EIA /Risk No
Assessment
3 Details Waste to Energy plant at Piplaj near Pirana, will get operational by Dec 2021. Abelleon Clean Energy is
implementing this 14 MW plant on DBOT for 30 years, for a cost of 240 crore (including 8-10% for O&M
annually), spread over 13 acres. Power generated from the plant will be fed into the national power grid. It
will convert 1,000 metric tonnes of mixed waste into energy daily.
4 Map
5 Important − Pirana and Vasna areas are complexes for waste management including solid wastes and sewage. This
points for G- entire area needs need comprehensive and integrated environmental management and flood
ACRP /resilience approaches, considering location near Sabarmati and Earthquake Zone III. AMC has
Subproject mechanisms to manage solid and mixed wastes which might also be generated during construction and
ESIA operations of the subprojects
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Sl NO Project Biomining of Pirana Dumpsite
1 Proponent AMC
2 EIA /Risk No
Assessment
3 Details Started in 2019. AMC reclaimed around 24% of the Pirana dump yard land (19 acres of the total 80 acres)
by freeing it from garbage through biomining. Around 33 lakh metric tonnes of garbage have been
processed and expects to remove the dump in next three years. At present, 39 trommel machine are
processing about 15,000 MT of garbage daily. Construction debris and large stones, which form about 30%
of the garbage, is sent to AMC C&D plant at Piplaj, Pirana for construction of paver blocks, 50% of the
garbage is mud and another 20% is plastic or small clothes with plastic being almost 15%.
4 Map
5 Important − C&D waste from biomining is sent to C&D processing facility. AMC has made a policy to buy 25 % of
points for G- Paver blocks and 50% of Manhole covers Final product of the C & D Waste processing agency in the
ACRP development of different civil & infrastructures projects of AMC by the approval of competent
Subproject authority. Recently, competent authority of AMC has also approved a policy of procuring Precast /
ESIA Prestress wall from the agency to build compound wall for AMC’s various properties. This source shall
be considered in project estimates.
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ANNEXURE VII: ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF EXISTING VASNA 240 MLD STP, AHMEDABAD
October 2021
Prepared by
TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED
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1. INTRODUCTION
Ahmedabad is one of the major cities in India having a population of about 5.6 million as per
Census of India 2011. The city is governed by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) having
an area of 505 sq. km. Ahmedabad city is seventh largest metropolitan city in India.
The city is located on the banks of River Sabarmati and is the administrative centre of
Ahmedabad district. River Sabarmati is dividing the city in two parts i.e., Eastern and Western
sides. The city is further divided in to seven zones for ease of managing the necessary Urban
Infrastructure and allied facilities.
AMC has proposed list of projects which will strengthen the city’s drainage and sewer lines
system. Also, there is requirement of upgrading the existing STPs capacities and sewer lines in
order to perform smooth functioning. AMC is exploring funding from World Bank under the
Gujarat Resilient Cities Partnership: Ahmedabad City Resilience Project (G-ACRP) with an
investment in the range of Rs. 3000 – Rs. 4000 Crores. Environmental & Social Impacts
Assessment (ESIA) including Environmental & Social Management and Monitoring Plan
(ESMP) for 30% investments in wastewater sector (USD 130mn) will be undertaken.
Objectives
The audit report is mainly focused on assessing the performance of 240 MLD STP at Vasna,
Ahmedabad and its operational environmental impacts.
The objectives of audit are:
➢ Physical assessment of the STP and units’ operation status
➢ Identification and assessment of environmental management practices
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF 240 MLD STP AT VASNA, AHMEDABAD
AUDA had setup this 240 MLD capacity STP to treat sewage at Vasna site with four modules
of 60 MLD each which now they propose to expand for future requirements. The STP is located
in Vasna, the STP is spread across an area of around 35 acres.
Directions Particulars
North Canal, road, sewage pumping station and Ahmedabad metro depot
East AMC STP
South Sabarmati River
West 126 MLD AMC STP
The treatment scheme selected is based upon the aeration (Activated Sludge Process) using
fine bubble diffused aeration system to provide the required oxygen and to keep the aeration
contents in a completely mixed state. The 240 MLD sewage treatment plant has units as Main
Distribution Chamber, Inlet Chamber, Primary Clarifier, Primary Sludge Handling Units,
Secondary Clarifiers, Air Blower for Aeration, Aeration Tank, Sludge Thickeners, Sludge
Recirculation Pump, Excess Sludge Pump, Digested Sludge Pump, Sludge Mixing Pump, Belt
Wash Feed Pumps, Sludge Digesters, Gas Holder.
For each 60 MLD stream initially the sewage has been subjected to pre-treatment which
includes removal of floating material through screen and grits with the help of grit removal
mechanism. From the Inlet chamber, the sewage will overflow to 2 nos. screen channels (1 W
+ 1 S). Each screen channel comprising of mechanical fine bar screens has been provided for
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removal of floating materials in each screen channel. Mesh type screen has been provided
after drum type screen for removal of residual floating material. After screening, the sewage
shall flow to grit chambers (1 W + 1 S) for removal and washing of grits from the sewage. Each
grit chamber shall have grit mechanism which will collect the grit and transfer the same to the
discharge /collection point. Screenings from drum mechanical screens will be collected on belt
conveyor and will be conveyed to wheeled trolley and after that to be disposed suitably.
Biological treatment mainly comprises of aeration chamber Division / splitter box prior to
Aeration is provided to distribute primarily treated sewage water equally to 8 nos. aeration
basins by means of CI gates at inlet channel to each aeration tank. Aeration will operate in
parallel on cyclic activated sludge technology. Aeration biodegrades the organics present in
wastewater in a single stage aeration tank. For aeration a system of air blowers & fine bubble
diffusers is provided. Oxygen Uptake rate is controlled in these basins by interlocking VFD
provided on air blowers with DO transmitter at each aeration basin. Biologically treated
wastewater gets quiescent conditions under settling mode secondary. Here solids are settled
down by gravity & settle at bottom whereas clarified water will be out to outlet channel.
Return activated sludge from bottom zone is recirculated using return activated sludge
pumps; 8 no’s pumps.
Clarified water from Treated water channel goes to Chlorine contact tank (CCT) where Cl2 gas
is dosed using gravity type vacuum chlorinators for wastewater disinfection to bring down
faecal coliform level. The disinfected / treated wastewater from Chlorine contact tank will
overflow into Parshall flume to measure treated wastewater flow and finally be disposed into
the River Sabarmati by gravity.
Primary sludge from Primary clarifiers 240 MLD STP is collected in sludge sump by gravity.
Also, the excess activated sludge from the secondary in pumped / collected in thickener.
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3. DESIGN QUANTITY & QUALITY OF WASTEWATER:
Below is a list of various inlet and outlet characteristics considered for the design of STP:
Design Inlet Sewage Characteristics
Sr. Parameter Unit Inlet
1. Flow MLD 240
2. Peak factor - 2.25
3. Peak flow MLD 540
4. BOD mg/l 215
5. COD mg/l 415
6. Suspended solids mg/l 290
7. pH mg/l 6.5to8.5
8. Total Alkalinity (asCaCO3) mg/l <450
9. Chlorides mg/l <300
10. Sulphates mg/l <200
11. Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N) mg/l <20
12. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (as N) mg/l <30
13. Phosphates (asP04) mg/l <4
14. Oil & Grease mg/l <30
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Design Outlet Sewage characteristics
Sr. Parameter Unit Outlet Values
No.
1. BOD mg/l 20
2. COD mg/l 100
3. SS mg/l 30
4. pH - 6.5 to 8.0
5. Residual Chlorine mg/l 0.5
6. Fecal Coliform MPN/100ml 1000-10000
7. Oil & Grease mg/l <10
The audit represents a physical assessment of the STP and operation of the units and
equipment. Along with the physical assessment, environmental aspects are also covered in
this audit report.
4. PROCESS AND TREATMENT UNIT’S DESCRIPTION
As mentioned earlier, the STP is designed with ASP technology which is not functioning as per
the design requirement as per the physical audit observations, other points of audit are in
following sections.
The Sewage Treatment Plant comprises the following main units / equipment:
1. Inlet pipe
2. Drum Screen Unit
3. Grit Chamber and Parshall Flume
4. Primary Clarifier
5. Blowers
6. Aeration Tanks
7. Secondary Clarifier
8. Sludge Thickener
9. Digesters
10. Belt Filter Press
11. Gas Holder
12. Chlorination and chlorine contact tank (CCT)
a) Inlet Chamber
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The inlet chamber is designed to take peak flow of 135 MLD of sewage. The inlet chamber has
required number of puddle collars and necessary cast iron penstock gates of suitable size for
flow control.
The inlet chamber receives the flow from the distribution chamber of respective module and
the chamber is designed having adequate depth and free board above top water tightness of
the inlet chamber has been performed.
b) Drum Screen Unit
The drum screens made of SS with diameter of 1.4m and 1.5m length and are inclined at an
angle of around 35 degrees. Each screen channel is designed for a peak flow of 135 MLD.
Floating impurities such as plastics, papers and other small solids are screened and conveyed
through the screw which is along the centre of the drum screen.
c) Grit Chamber
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Two Grit chambers each designed for 135 MLD peak flow, capable of removing grit of particle
size of 0.15 mm and above and specific Gravity of 2.65. The flow from the screen channels is
allowed into the grit chamber for the removal of grit matter by means of RCC square tanks
each designed as per relevant IS code of practice.
The grit chamber consists of a series of vertical adjustable type fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)
deflectors at the inlet as per mechanical specifications and the flow is admitted through these
deflectors. The chamber is square in shape. Provision of suitable weir is made so that the flow
beyond the chamber is discharged over the weir to the outlet channel. Two cast iron pen-
stock gates at the inlet of each tank are provided. Grit chamber provides quiescent conditions
for grit to settle at chamber bottom. To scrape the grit to chamber bottom, the scrapper
mechanism is provided.
d) Primary Clarifier
After screening and Grit Chamber the wastewater goes to Primary Clarifiers for separation of
solids and primary clarification. About 30% of BOD and 60% of suspended solids are expected
to be removed as sludge during primary clarification. Centrally driven primary clarifier
mechanism is provided to scrap the settled sludge to hopper bottom. Clarified wastewater
flows in upward direction & falls into the outlet launder from V- notch.
Eight primary clarifiers are provided and each designed to handle 50% capacity. For design
purpose the overflow rate considered is 30 m3/m2/day with a retention time of about 2.5
hours. Feed to the clarifiers is from the bottom central pier. Inlet baffles are provided to
maintain proper flow conditions and reduce turbulence and short circuiting inside clarifier.
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e) Aeration Tank
The primary treated sewage is designed to flow to two Aeration chambers through a splitter
box, located at the inlet of aeration tank. The aeration tank equipped with air blowers,
diffusers, grid piping, return activated sludge (RAS) pumps, excess sludge pumps. Inlet BOD
after 5 days has been 151 (minimum), MLSS – 3000 mg/l, MLVSS - 80% of MLSS with 5 hrs
retention time. Return sludge capacity is 25% to 50%.
These units treat the effluent aerobically & remove the organic load from the sewage before
disposing/reusing it. Two CI penstocks are designed to divert flow equally into 2 aeration
tanks.
f) Secondary Clarifier
Two secondary clarifiers are provided and each one is designed to handle 50% hydraulic load.
The overflow rate considered for design is 30 MLD + flow each at average flow and 60 MLD at
peak flow with a retention time of about 2.5 hours. Feed to these clarifiers is from bottom
central pier. Inlet baffles are provided to maintain proper flow conditions and reduce
turbulence and short circuiting.
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Surface loading rate at average flow is 25 m3/m2/ day (max). Weir loading rate at average flow
185 m3/ m/ day. The solid loading rate at peak flow is 210 kg /d /m2 (Max).
g) Sludge Thickener
The sludge from primary clarifiers pumped from primary sludge sumps, excess wasted bio
sludge from aeration and sludge from the secondary sumps are pumped to the sludge
thickeners for thickening the sludge and reducing sludge volumes. Scraper mechanism is
provided to scrap the sludge to tank bottom.
h) Sludge Digester
Eight sludge digesters are constructed for the 240 MLD STP. Biogas from each digester flows
to the biogas holder.
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Anaerobic digesters help reduce the volume further before the final disposal and helps
recover biogas from the organic content of the sludge. They also make the sludge relatively
free from objectionable odours.
i) Belt Filter Press
Six belt filter presses (4 W + 2 S) are provided with maximum of 20 m 3/hr capacity. The solids
concentration of dewatered cake has been 25% by wt. dry solid basis.
Polyelectrolyte (PE) dosing is done to enhance sludge dewatering for which PE dosing tank,
agitator & dosing pumps are provided. The polyelectrolyte is dosed online at the belt filter
press with 0.1% solution strength. Four PE dosing tanks each suitable for 12 hours storage and
equipped with turbine type slow speed mixers. Six dosing pumps (4W + 2S) are provided for
online PE dosing.
j) Gas Holder
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The gas holder has gas inlet and outlet piping, control valves, vacuum and pressure relief
valves with flame arrestors. The CI pipeline header from the digesters feed the gas holder. All
gas pipelines are provided with isolating valves and drip traps.
k) Chlorine Contact Tank (CCT)
Treated wastewater from secondary clarifiers pass through the treated water channel and
enters the chlorine contact tank designed for 240 MLD flow.
Three chlorinators with 18 Chlorine tonners are provided for chlorination. One chlorinator is
operational at average flow and second at peak flow while the third is a standby. Another set
of 18 tonners (12 filled & 6 empty) are provided for storage.
Necessary Chlorine Safety devices such as gas leakage detector, shower & eye bath, breathing
apparatus, etc are provided.
Entry to the chlorination unit is restricted to authorized personnel only. More details on
chlorine handling & operational safety are available in the vendor’s manual.
l) Discharge/ outlet point of STP
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m) Equipment List (Civil)
Sl. Unit Dimension in m (LxBxLD+ FB) Qty
No.
1. Main distribution chamber 14.225mX9.3mX1.8mLD+0.5mFB 1
2. Inlet chamber 7.5mx5.0m x2.6mLD +0.5mFB 4
Screen chambers - 8 nos. Mechanical
+ 8 nos. Manual
3. Fine bar screen chamber 10.69mx2.0mx1.4mLD+0.5mFB 8(4W+4S)
4. Inlet Chamber to grit chamber 20.8mx1.8mx1.25mLD+0.5mFB 4
5. Grit removal chamber 10.4mx10.4m x1mLD+0.5mFB 8(4W+4S)
6. Outlet channel to grit chamber 20.8mx1.8mx1.25mLD+0.5mFB 4
7. Parshall flume 15mlongx3mwide 4
8. Distribution chamber to Primary 5.0mx3.5mx1.5mLD+0.5m FB 4
Clarifier
9. Primary clarifier 39.25mDIAx3.2mSWD+0.5mFB 8
10. Distribution chamber/splitter box to 5.0mX3.0mx1.7mLDx0.6m FB 4
Aeration
11. Aeration tank 68.75mx20mx5.0mLD+0.6m FB 8
12. Distribution chamber for secondary 5.0mx3.6mx1.6mLD+0.5m FB 4
clarifier
13. Secondary clarifier 42.8mDIAx3.5mSWD+0.5m FB 8
14. Chlorine Contact Tank 40.0mX21.0mX3.14mLD+0.5m FB 2
15 a Primary sludge sump 6.0mx2.0mx3.0mLDx2.73m FB 4
.
15 b Primary sludge pumphouse 6.0mx7.0m 4
.
16. MCC–1/2/3ROOM 17.0mX8.0mX3.6m 1
17 a Return sludge/Sludge recirculation 10.0mX6.2mX5.79mLD+0.84m FB 4
. sump
16 b Return sludge/Sludge recirculation 10.0mx7.0m 4
. pumphouse
17. Sludge thickener 23.4mDIAx3.5m SWD 4
+0.5m FB
18 a Thickened sludge sump 6.0mx2.0mx3.02m LD 4
. +2.9m FB
18 b Thickened sludge pumphouse 6.0mx7.0m 4
.
19. Dilution water sump 6.0mX4.0mX2.0m LD 4
+0.5m FB
20. Supernatant sump 10.0mX6.0mX2.6m LD+0.5m FB 1
21. Anaerobic Sludge Digester 22m DIAx10.0m SWD 8
+0.6mGRIT SPACE+
0.6mFB FOR GAS STORAGE
22 a Digested sludge sump 6.9mX6.5mX2.0m LD 1
. +2.64m FB
22 b Digested sludge pumphouse 15.0mX6.5m 1
.
23. Belt filter press building (FF) 51.13mX10.0m 1
23. PE dosing tanks & pumps (GF) 3.68mX2.75mX2.13m LD+0.5m 4
a FB
24. Belt wash water sump 12.20mX6.0mX3.6mLD+0.5mFB 1
a
24. Belt wash water pumphouse 12.20mX5.0m 1
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Sl. Unit Dimension in m (LxBxLD+ FB) Qty
No.
b
25. Digested mixing pumphouse 10.0mX8.0m 2
25. Biogas blower shed 10.0mX4.0m 1
a
26. Biogas Holder 19.0mDIAX6.9m LD+ 1
0.5m FB
27. Foundation for Flare Stack 2.25mX2.25m 2
28. Air Blower room for Aeration 20.0mx9.0m 4
28.a VFD room 12mx5m 1
29. Chlorinator room 40mx11.25m 1
30. Parshall flume in final outlet channel 28.6m longx3.0m wide 1
31. Elevated service water reservoir 12.7mDIAx4.05m LD 1
+0.5m FB
32. Borewells As per engg. 2
33. Administration +Office building 20.0mX15.0m (Two story) 1
+conference hall +PLC/SCADA
room(FF)&Lab(GF)
34.a Substation yard room 5.0mX10.27m 1
34.b HT room 5.0mX4.50m 1
34.c LTPCC room 15.0mX9.805m 1
35. Transformer yard 11.00mX7.50m 1
36. MCC–4/5/6Room 12.0mX17.0mX3.6m 1
5. AUDIT FINDINGS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
It is informed by the O&M contractor that the treated sewage sampling is being analysed by
third party monitoring agency every month, but the reports were not available with the
contractor during the time of audit site visit, it is told that the reports are available with
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation.
Sampling
There is in-house laboratory present at the STP. Most of the apparatus are not calibrated and
some of apparatus are non-functional. Sampling is being carried out on the available
equipment’s.
Records/ Logs
Records like flow measurement, power consumption, corrective and preventive maintenance
are being maintained manually. Some of the records are produced are as under.
Daily logs are written and maintained by the shift in-charge for the particular shift. These shift
reports contain information regarding the general operation of plant. The flow rate of the raw
inlet and outlet, power consumption, maintenance details, problems encountered in any
equipment is also highlighted along with the corrective measures taken or that need to be
taken.
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Inflow-Outflow Record Power Consumption Record
Maintenance Record
Treatment Efficiency
As per the monitoring report of July 2021 for the STP inlet and outlet (Appendix1), the plant
efficiency for BOD removal is 86% and the same for COD removal is 80%. However, since many
of the STP units are not functioning as per desired STP design, the analysis shall be conducted
for individual units. The audit findings/ observations made during the site visit to 240 MLD STP
are given here.
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Table 56: Findings of the Environmental Audit of the existing STP
Unit/ Audit finding Photographs
Intake pipe, Inlet chamber and Screen:
a. Main Rising main (through which raw
sewage is entering into the plant) of 2
m diameter is corroded.
b. There are total 8 drum screens and 8
manual coarse screens. Out of 8 drum
screens, 2 are in maintenance and not
working at the time of visit.
c. Railings are corroded and require
painting.
d. Floating matter removal not proper.
Need more water with pressure to
clean screen periodically. Belt
conveyor broken and civil structure
also need repairs.
e. Mesh Screen Damaged, Chute
Damaged
f. Painting also required
g. The present system of storage of such
floating matter & other such items on
screens also needs improvement in the
form of proper segregation at plant
site and systematic storage. The AMC
itself should get it lifted regularly
instead the operator sending on
random basis
Grit Chamber and Parshall flume:
a. There are total 8 grit chambers, 2 each
for a stream.
b. Rake classifiers in grit chamber, 4 are
in working condition and 4 are
defunct.
c. Shaft of all rake classifiers are
corroded.
d. All 8 grit mechanism systems require
overhauling.
e. Deflectors were not working in grit
chambers at the time of visit.
f. Parshall flume flow indicator not
working.
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g. Scrappers and screw conveyors need
to be changed.
h. At the time of upgradation, all such
scraps should be properly segregated
and stored and disposed off as per
rules with proper record of manifests.
To ensure its proper compliance, this
can be a part of new tender and it shall
be the duty of bidder to collect and
dispose it off under the rules.
i. Also, the grit collected should be
properly dried and stacked and
disposed off under the rules with
proper records.
Primary Clarifier
a. Clarifier Bridge, handrail corroded,
painting required.
b. Lot of plastic waste seen floating in the
primary clarifiers.
c. All mechanical machinery including
scrappers and gearboxes corroded
heavily and need to be replaced /
overhauled.
d. Painting to civil work also required.
e. Again, at the time of upgradation, all
such scraps should be properly
segregated and stored and disposed
off to recyclers as per rules with proper
record of manifests. To ensure its
proper compliance, this can be a part
of new tender and duty of bidder to
collect, segregate and dispose off
under the rules
Blowers
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a. There are 24 nos. (16w+ 8s) of blowers
of 2350 m3/hr capacity each. Only 6
blowers were working at the time of
visit, rest were seen not operating at
the time of visit.
b. Oil leakage seen in blowers.
Aeration tanks
a. Retrievable type diffusers are installed
in Aeration Tank. Heavy wear and tear
are observed on ropes to retrieve
diffusers.
b. Most of the diffusers are not working
in the tank.
c. Air supply line (Hose pipe) to diffusers
is damaged / missing hence all
diffusers are not getting air.
d. It was informed by plant in charge that
some diffusers were last replaced in
2016
e. Main airline pipe is without insulation
and painting.
f. Corrosion observed on MLSS return
pipeline.
g. Diffuser connections damaged
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h. Fine bubble diffuser system needs to
be replaced.
i. Blowers heating issues. Need to be
upgraded and VFDs to be changed
Secondary clarifier
a. Gear mechanism were not seen
working at the time of visit.
b. Sludge recirculation pumps 8 nos.
(4w+4s), only 4 nos. are working rest
are defunct.
c. Excess sludge pumps are not in
working condition at the time of visit.
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Sludge Thickener
a. Out of 4 thickener units, only 1 is
working, rest 3 viz., A, C and D were
not functioning at the time of visit.
b. Sludge thickener no. C steps are
damaged and without handrails.
c. Thickened sludge pump not in
operation.
d. Primary and Secondary sludge transfer
pumps as well raw sewage and
activated sludge pumps need to be
replaced / overhauled.
e. It shall be the duty of new bidder to
dispose off all such items as per MSW
/ e- waste rules with proper records of
manifests. Before disposal, these
items shall be properly segregated and
stacked in a storeroom
Digesters
a. Digester tanks are not in operation,
there are total 8 tanks.
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b. Digester sludge mixing pumps, there
are total 24 sludge mixing pumps, only
16 are in working condition.
Belt filter press
a. Belt filter press (BFP) common for all 4
streams. There are 6 nos. of BFPs, out
of them only 2 are in working
condition, on rest of units some
corrosion was observed and were not
in operation at the time of visit.
b. It was informed that the sludge is
being sent to radiation units of AMC
for further processing.
c. There are 6 nos. (4w+2s) of BFP poly
dosing pumps, one pump was not
working and under maintenance at the
time of visit.
d. There are 6 nos. (4w+2s) of BFP
washing pumps, one pump was
removed at the time of visit.
e. All filter presses need to be overhauled
/ replaced. Currently only two presses
out of 6 are working . Belts gets
damaged very frequently.
f. Painting to Civil works also required.
g. It would be preferred if these belt filter
presses are replaced by some good
quality screw presses of reputed
makes.
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Gas holder
a. Gas holder tank is defunct and not in
operation. Corrosion is observed on
outer surface.
Chlorination and chlorine contact tank
(CCT)
a. Chlorine gas is used for chlorination.
b. It was informed by plant manager that
chlorine consumption is 9-10 cylinders
per month.
c. Out of 3 chlorinator pumps, only one
was working at the time of site visit.
d. Chlorinators and toners need to be
replaced / overhauled along with all
related machineries.
e. Painting and maintenance to Civil work
also required.
f. Require consent for storage from PESO
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Laboratory instruments
Majority of the instruments are worn out
and need to be replaced with new one
Again, it shall be the duty of new bidder to
dispose off all such items as per MSW / e-
waste rules with proper records of
manifest. Before disposal, these items shall
be properly segregated and stacked in a
store room
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SCADA
Only panel is working, Computer and TOC
meter is not working. Sensors need to
change for quality parameters.
While upgrading the SCADA, it should be
ensured that when some defined
parameters exceed specified limits, it
should automatically shut down the
operations and raise an alarm.
Other instruments
MLSS and DO sensors at Aeration tank are
not working. The same should be replaced
and should be properly maintained
regularly as per manufacturer’s
instructions after replacement
Standby Power Supply No provision of Standby power supply is there. Some provision
in the form of Silent DG sets should be made to cater for very
urgent requirements in case of sudden power failure. The
necessary approval of SPCB for such DG sets should be
obtained, as applicable.
Alarms Some alarms should be provided in the STP, which may
indicate any sudden emergency or accident or breakdown or
power failure.
Environmental Monitoring Plan No environmental and social impact assessment study has ever
been conducted since the inception of plant. An elaborate
environmental monitoring plan is very essentially required to
assist the operator in managing and monitoring the impacts on
the environment.
Use of partially treated water for STP The treated effluent before it reaches the chlorine contact tank
purpose is used for screen cleaning and gardening etc. Only Chlorinated
water should be used for consumption within plant as a safety
measure.
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Compliance of Conditions of Consent to Online monitoring is one of the conditions of Consent to operate
operate issued by SPCB, which is not being complied with at present. This
should be complied with at the earliest.
Treatment for Heavy metals The primary clarification needs to be upgraded to treat heavy metals
(if found after testing) after suitable modification to present Primary
Clarifiers by adding suitable Chemical precipitation / flocculation
followed by settling. The sludge of such precipitation shall be
collected and stored separately after passing through’ screw presses
as a hazardous waste and shall be recorded with proper manifests
before being sent to hazardous waste treatment & disposal facility.
Provision of Oil & Grease traps / Skimmers A proper oil & grease removal system be catered for before primary
clarification, if the quantity of same is found appreciable during testing
Treatment of excess Nitrogen /Phosphorus The activated sludge treatment needs to be upgraded for excess
Nitrogen & Phosphorus (if found after testing) by suitably upgrading
the existing aeration systems using suitable media. The excess sludge
so produced from secondary treatment can be stored after drying
and used as fertilizer.
Availability of land for upgradation It shall be possible to adjust the modifications suggested in Sr No 16
&17 above in existing land itself
Sludge disposal In view of the presence of sufficient quantity of heavy metals in the
sludge, the present system of disposal of sludge for agricultural
purposes needs to be reviewed. The sludge to be sent to an
authorised Hazardous waste treatment & disposal facility in that
case. Please refer to paras (xvi) and (xvii) in this connection.
Disaster Plan No disaster plan has been prepared by AMC to handle any natural /
other calamities. The same needs to be prepared to handle any such
eventuality. The bypass arrangement needs to update and test for its
functioning in case of any flood like situation.
Use of treated water for irrigation There is a proposal to use treated water for irrigation purposes.
purposes Water should be used for irrigation only after consent from GPCB is
received, post upgradation & if it meets with all quality parameters
as per standards and guidelines issued by CPCB.
General points
a. Treated sewage outlet is having openings to Sabarmati River and Canal
b. The treated sewage discharge to canal was having black colour with foam
c. There is no storage of chemicals
d. Workers were not wearing required PPEs
e. Internal roads are in good condition
f. All civil structures of STP are found in good condition.
g. There is a lab in the STP admin building with equipment like BOD incubator, COD digester, pH meter, hot air
oven, flocculator and total organic carbon analyser etc.
h. Inlet and outlet parameters of the STP analysed by the third-party agency M/s. Supreme are attached with
this note.
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Sample Analysis Report
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ANNEXURE VIII: OUTCOME OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS FOR STPs AT VASNA AHMEDABAD
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As part of the process under SEP, a public consultation was conducted on 07/06/2022 by AMC in Pandit
Dindayal Upadhyaya Auditorium, Bodakdev, Ahmedabad. Invitations (in English and Gujarati) was circulated to
various stakeholders such as elected representatives (Councillors), Mayor, Deputy Mayor, CSO, NGOs,
Municipal Commissioner, Deputy Municipal Commissioner, heads of Committees and others. Notices were
also published in the newspapers in both languages. The proceedings of the meeting key concerns raised by
stakeholders and responses from AMC are reproduced in the table below, along with the photographs and the
list of participants.
Project GRCP Project
Agency/Dept Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
Consultant Stage Consultation ESIAs and ESMF
Type of Consultation Stakeholder Consultations
Date and Time 07.06.2022
Venue Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay Auditorium, Bokadev Ahmedabad
Total Participants 160
Name and AMC, PIU,TCE, DHV
Designation of
Agency/Consultant
Representatives
Name and AMC Officials and Elected Representatives: Municipal Commissioner, Dy M.C,
Designation of other Mayor, Dy Mayor, AMC Committees chairpersons, Councillors, Citizens,
Officials
Remarks Conducted in Local Language Gujarati
Key Points/Concerns Details (as bullet points) Type of Stakeholder
raised (Heads) who raised the
concern
Introduction and Welcome the participants and introduction to the G-
welcome note by ACRP project and Stakeholder Consultation
AMC Officials: G-
ACRP
Municipal Introduction to Project, Investment and AMC institutional
Commissioner arrangements
CE, WRM, Introduction to the GRCP:ACRP project, process followed
till date, total funding to be released for the project by
World Bank, preparation of reports such as ESIA, ESMF,
etc and availability of these reports on AMC website
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History of the Ahmedabad City and underground drainage
system, compliance standards, population increase and
the need for the project, and implementation mechanism
for the project, sub projects under GRCP:ACRP, disclosure
of documents ESMF &ESIA on AMC website, preparation
of labour Management Procedure and Cultural & Heritage
Management Framework, Resettlement Policy
Framework; SEP. The process of consultations
undertaken to understand issues and concerns with
respect to the project and sub projects, Baseline
monitoring of environmental conditions undertaken for
preparing the ESIA reports. Suggestions invited on email:
piugrcdpamc@gmail.com in the next 15 days.
NGO Will other STPS be upgraded considering the total sewage
received for city, Storm water and gutter connection was
taken by residents after payment and the same has been
removed by AMC. What is proposed to be done to rectify
this issue.
How will the sewage generated and bypass be dealt with
during construction period of 126 MLD STP?
Naroda, Vatva and other areas with common ETPs there
are issues with respect to the releases of effluents and it
has been highlighted in various reports and studies
carried out by different organizations. How will the
untreated industrial be treated?
Data pertaining to census 2011. Data should be updated
for recent areas.
Response by CE, For all sub projects design and technology will adhere to
WRM NGT standards for discharge of treated water; these are
two priority investment projects and rest of the sewage
treatment also will be taken care further through other
projects of new STPs and upgradation of old STPs. 126
MLD STP will be functioning till the time new stream of
approximately 120 MLD in the adjacent land inside the
126 MLD STP premises is built and the flow of existing 126
MLD will be diverted to the new stream and then
demolition will take place hence there will be no bypass
from 126 MLD campus during construction of 375 MLD
STP in campus of 126 MLD STP. Storm water project will
be undertaken in other funding schemes like NRCP and
Amrut; CETP discharge come under the purview of the
GPCB. 3500 connections from industries removed by
AMC. Data from Master planning consultants has been
used for the reports.
NGO/Association Many workers/labour will be hired. There are violations of
labour standards and non-compliance in AMC projects.
Many workers have lost their lives and health and safety
compliances are violated especially in storm water works.
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AMC gives funds for labour welfare for workers. There is
committee to raise the violation. Rehabilitation of the
migrants’ colonies who may be affected and who don’t
have drinking water, sanitation and other facilities.
Response: PIU will address the issues with help of its
labour management plan. Please send suggestions on the
email.
NGO Whether details for use of treated water in industries is
available.
Response Discussion is ongoing with industries for reuse of treated
sewage. Through Amrut, DPR is being prepared and will
be shared after finalization.
Industries were reluctant earlier due to easy availability of
groundwater. Some industries are now willing to use
treated water and discussions are being undertaken with
industries
In Fatehwadi canal, treated water was being released and
studies will be undertaken for the same if we will use
treated sewage from 126/375 MLD STP with help of
agricultural university, subject to approvals and norms
required for use of treated water for irrigation.
Addl. City Engineer , Vote of thanks to all the attendees and participants
Drainage Project
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