Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Table of Contents Abbreviations................................................................................................................................. 7 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Overview and Project Background ............................................................................................. 8 1.2 Objectives of the LRP ................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Limitations .................................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Structure of the LRP ..................................................................................................................... 9 2 Project Description ................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Project Location .......................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Project Technology ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Project Activities ......................................................................................................................... 13 3 Potential Impacts ................................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Overview of Receptors ............................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Activities that Give Rise to Land Acquisition ............................................................................ 17 3.3 Zone of Impact ............................................................................................................................ 17 3.4 Alternatives Considered ............................................................................................................ 17 3.5 Mechanisms to Reduce Resettlement ...................................................................................... 19 4 Legal and Institutional Framework ...................................................................................... 19 4.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 19 4.2 National Regulations .................................................................................................................. 19 4.3 Lender Requirements ................................................................................................................ 25 4.4 Gap Analysis between Lender Requirements and National Regulations ............................. 28 5 Assessment of Impacts .......................................................................................................... 34 5.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 34 5.2 Landowners ................................................................................................................................ 34 5.3 Lease Holders ............................................................................................................................. 36 5.4 Local Herders .............................................................................................................................. 36 6 Socio-Economic and Census Survey ...................................................................................... 38 6.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 38 7 Eligibility and Entitlement ..................................................................................................... 44 7.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 44 7.2 Cut-off Date ................................................................................................................................. 44 3 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 7.3 Land Ownership in Uzbekistan ................................................................................................. 44 7.4 Eligibility Exclusions.................................................................................................................... 45 8 Entitlement Matrix ................................................................................................................. 46 9 Valuation and Compensation ................................................................................................ 50 9.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 50 9.2 Valuation Methodology.............................................................................................................. 50 9.3 Compensation for Land ............................................................................................................. 50 9.4 Valuation for agricultural production - temporary use .......................................................... 53 9.5 ROW/Servitude compensation .................................................................................................. 54 9.6 Compensation for Assets .......................................................................................................... 55 9.7 Loss of Income due to Impacts on grazing Land due to Temporary Laydowns areas, OHTL construction etc. (livestock feed) .......................................................................................................... 55 9.8 Support to Vulnerable Households .......................................................................................... 57 9.9 Alternative Land ......................................................................................................................... 58 9.10 Compensation Packages............................................................................................................ 60 10 Livelihood Restoration Activities .......................................................................................... 60 10.1 Livelihood Restoration ............................................................................................................... 60 10.2 Community Benefits .................................................................................................................. 61 11 Stakeholder Engagement....................................................................................................... 61 11.1 Overview of Stakeholder Engagement ..................................................................................... 61 11.2 Key Stakeholders Identified....................................................................................................... 61 11.3 Public Consultation and Disclosure Activities .......................................................................... 62 11.4 LRP Disclosure ............................................................................................................................ 63 11.5 Gender Inclusion ........................................................................................................................ 63 11.6 Vulnerable and Marginalised People ....................................................................................... 63 11.7 Future Planned Engagements ................................................................................................... 64 12 Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................................................................................. 64 12.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 64 12.2 Grievance Reporting and Resolution ........................................................................................ 65 12.3 Contact Details ............................................................................................................................ 65 12.4 Grievance Responsibilities ......................................................................................................... 66 12.5 Confidentiality and Anonymity.................................................................................................. 67 12.6 Grievance Resolution Options and Response ......................................................................... 67 4 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 12.7 Grievance Logging ...................................................................................................................... 67 12.8 Grievances Received .................................................................................................................. 68 13 Costs and Budget .................................................................................................................... 68 13.1 Budget ......................................................................................................................................... 68 13.2 LRP Contingency Fund ............................................................................................................... 69 13.3 LRP Implementation Cost .......................................................................................................... 69 14 Institutional Arrangements ................................................................................................... 69 14.1 Key responsible parties ............................................................................................................. 69 14.2 Implementation schedule.......................................................................................................... 72 15 Monitoring and Reporting ..................................................................................................... 74 15.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 74 15.2 Monitoring................................................................................................................................... 74 15.3 Livelihood Restoration Reporting ............................................................................................. 75 15.4 Indicators / KPIs .......................................................................................................................... 77 15.5 LRP Updating .............................................................................................................................. 78 Annex A: Grievance Form ........................................................................................................... 79 Annex B: Grievance Log .............................................................................................................. 83 Annex C: Evidence of Disclosure of LRP ..................................................................................... 84 Annex D: Socio-economic survey questionnaire ...................................................................... 98 Annex E: LRP disclosure brochure............................................................................................ 125 Annex F: Compensation package form .................................................................................... 129 Annex G: Photos from LRP disclosure meeting ...................................................................... 134 Table of Tables Table 1: Summary of other relevant legislation .................................................................................. 23 Table 2: Main gaps between national legislation EBRD PR5 and PR 10 and IFC PS5 ........................... 29 Table 3: Survey sampling of AOI communities .................................................................................... 38 Table 4: Breakdown of household member from PAHs ...................................................................... 39 Table 5: Livestock owned by PAPs ...................................................................................................... 41 Table 6: Livestock owned by PAPs by type of livestock....................................................................... 41 Table 7: Eligibility for compensation for PAPs .................................................................................... 45 Table 8: Entitlement Matrix ................................................................................................................ 47 Table 9: Calculation of the value of the loss of agricultural production during the allotment of land for permanent use per ha (not irrigated) ............................................................................................ 52 Table 10: Calculation of the value of the loss of agricultural production during the allotment of land for temporary use per ha (not irrigated)............................................................................................. 53 5 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Table 11: Calculation of the value of the loss of agricultural production during the acquisition of irrigated land for permanent use per 1 ha (in soums) ........................................................................ 54 Table 12: Average feed consumption and expenditure per camel ..................................................... 55 Table 13: Average feed consumption and expenditure per horse ...................................................... 55 Table 14: Average feed consumption and expenditure per goat ........................................................ 56 Table 15: Average feed consumption and expenditure per sheep ..................................................... 56 Table 16: Average feed consumption and expenditure per head of cattle ......................................... 57 Table 17: Average cost of livestock feed (soums) ............................................................................... 57 Table 18: Contact details .................................................................................................................... 65 Table 19: Grievance Processing Timeline ............................................................................................ 67 Table 20: Estimated Livelihood Restoration Cost................................................................................ 68 Table 21: Implementation Schedule ................................................................................................... 73 Table 22: Reporting Requirements ..................................................................................................... 76 Table 23: KPIs and targets for livelihood restoration activities ........................................................... 77 Table of Figures Figure 1: Project location .................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 2: Overview of the PV process (compiled from IFC, 2015) ....................................................... 12 Figure 3: Excavations in the former quarry area ................................................................................. 15 Figure 4: Excavations in the former quarry area ................................................................................. 15 Figure 5: Farm on the Project site ....................................................................................................... 15 Figure 6: Receptor map (project site and direct area of impact) ........................................................ 16 Figure 7: Organisational structure of Committee ............................................................................... 35 Figure 8: Grazing area of herder ......................................................................................................... 36 Figure 9: Grazing area by villagers ...................................................................................................... 37 Figure 10: Available alternative land for villager................................................................................. 59 6 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Abbreviations Abbreviation Meaning ABIS Amu Bukhara Irrigation System AC Alternating current ADB Asian Development Bank AH Affected households AOI Area of impact BESS Battery Energy Storage System CC Civil Code CLO Community Liaison Officer DC Direct current EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EMA External Monitoring Agent EPC Engineering Procurement and Construction Contractor ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESDD Environmental and social due diligence ESP Environmental and Social Policy EPIV Equator Principles IV E&S Environmental and social GM Grievance Mechanism GOU Government of Uzbekistan HPZ Health protection zone IFC International Finance Corporation JE Juru Energy KII Key informant interview KPI Key performance indicator LC Land Code LILO Line-in-line-out LLC Limited Liability Company LRP Livelihood Restoration Plan LV Low voltage MV Medium voltage NGO Non-government organization OHTL Overhead transmission line O&M Operation and maintenance PAPs Project affected people PPP Public-private partnership PSs Performance Standards PRs Performance Requirements PV Photovoltaic ROW Right of way SWID State Committee for Sericulture and Wool Industry Development 7 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview and Project Background Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company PJSC (“Masdar”) has been awarded by the Ministry of Energy, Government of Uzbekistan, to design, build, finance, construct, commission and operate, maintain and transfer (DBFOMT) the Nur Bukhara Solar photovoltaic (PV) Project with a capacity of 250 MWA and 63 MW/126 MWh Battery Energy Storage System (“Project"). The Project will be designed to meet national regulations and international standards. The Project will be implemented through a long-term, i.e., 25 years power purchase agreement (a “PPA”) between Nur Bukhara Solar PV LLC Foreign Enterprise and JSC National Electric Grid of Uzbekistan (“NEGU”). The Project will support Uzbekistan to: ● Reduce energy dependence on carbon-based fuels. ● Meet renewable energy targets. ● Reduce greenhouse gas emission rates. Masdar has appointed Juru Energy Ltd. (JE or the Consultant) to perform an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the Project. The ESIA has been developed in accordance with national standards, the requirements of the International Finance Corporation (IFC) Environmental and Social Policy (ESP) (2012) and supporting Performance Standards (PSs), the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Safeguard Policy Statements (SPS) (2009) and with reference to European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Environmental and Social Policy 2019 (ESP 2019) Performance Requirements (PRs) and the Equator Principles IV (EPIV). This document is the Livelihood Restoration Plan (LRP) and has been prepared on behalf of Masdar to guide and implement livelihood restoration planning. It will be submitted as Volume V of the ESIA. The aim of this LRP is to identify the principles and organizational arrangements required for livelihood restoration and to provide a guide to provision of livelihood restoration, for the Project. 1.2 Objectives of the LRP This LRP has been developed based on the following guiding principles: ● Land acquisition and resettlement will be minimized or avoided where possible; ● All livelihood restoration activities will be managed through the LRP, and implementation will be documented and monitored; ● All Project affected persons (PAPs) will be meaningfully consulted and be active participants throughout the design and implementation of the LRP; ● PAPs will be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living, or at least to restore them to pre-Project levels; and ● All compensation will be paid prior to the commencement of civil works in affected areas. 1.3 Limitations In Uzbekistan all land belongs to the Government of Uzbekistan and administration rights for all pastureland has been passed to SWID. Therefore, land for land compensation (the preferred type 8 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS of compensation for lenders) is not possible for the Project. Alternative types of compensation have been identified as alternatives to providing replacement land as compensation. 1.4 Structure of the LRP The LRP is structured as follows: ● Chapter 2: Project location and description of the Project. ● Chapter 3: Potential impacts ● Chapter 4: Legal and institutional framework Chapter 5: Assessment of resettlement impacts ● Chapter 5: Assessment of impacts ● Chapter 6: Socio-economic and census survey ● Chapter 7: Eligibility and entitlement ● Chapter 8: Entitlement matrix ● Chapter 9: Valuation and compensation ● Chapter 10: Livelihoods restoration activities ● Chapter 11: Stakeholder engagement ● Chapter 12: Grievance redress ● Chapter 13: Costs and budget ● Chapter 14: Institutional arrangements ● Chapter 15: Monitoring and reporting ● Annex A: Grievance form ● Annex B: Grievance log ● Annex C: LRP disclosure evidence ● Annex D: Socio-economic survey questions ● Annex E: LRP Disclosure brochure ● Annex F: Compensation package forms ● Annex G: Photos from LRP disclosure 9 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 2 Project Description 2.1 Project Location The Project site covers approximately 649 ha of land in the Alat District of the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is located 24 km southeast of Alat city, close to the border with Turkmenistan, which at the closest point lies around 25 km southeast of the Site. The proposed Site is flat and is surrounded by the ABIS canal to the North, South and East. The regional road R78 runs alongside the northern boundary of the Site. The location of the Project is illustrated in Figure 1. 10 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan t Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Figure 1: Project location 11 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v 4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 2.2 Project Technology Photovoltaic (PV) power uses solar panels to convert sunlight into electricity by converting solar radiation into DC electricity. PV inverters convert the direct current into alternating current, and the transformers (located in the Power Stations) will raise the voltage from Low Voltage (LV) to Medium Voltage (MV). Then, the energy generated will be conducted through an underground medium voltage (MV) network of 35 kV to the 35/220 kV Substation. An overview of the process is illustrated in Figure 2 below. Figure 2: Overview of the PV process (compiled from IFC, 2015) The main components of the Project are: • 513,582 PV modules (half-cut the new LILO connection On-site monocrystalline silicon technology) buildings, including an operational • Inverters and transformers control centre, office, welfare • Li-Io battery energy storage system facilities, security guard house, (BESS) (four x 40ft containers) storage facilities and stores • Underground cabling system • New access from Highway R78 • 35/220 kV Substation • New internal access roads • 220 kV line-in-line-out (LILO) • Site drainage system connection to an existing overhead transmission line (OHTL), “Karaku’l 500 SS” – “Hamza-2 SS” from the Project’s Substation (~30m). • One new connection tower within the existing ROW • Restringing of approximately 300m of new conductor to enable 12 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 2.3 Project Activities The following activities will be undertaken to develop the Project: • Site mobilization. • Civil works • Procurement and transportation of equipment • Equipment installation • Waste generation and disposal • Commissioning • Operation and maintenance (O&M) • Decommissioning Construction of the Project will be confined to the project site, access road and existing OHTL right of way, and the duration will be approximately 12 to 16 months. The main construction activities are site clearance (rocks, debris, non-functional utilities, vegetation), establishing vehicle access to the Site, civil works (OHTL, substation and main Site), equipment delivery of PV panels and supporting infrastructure), BESS, installation and commissioning. Site establishment and civil works are expected to take three months, followed by eight months for installation and a further three months for commissioning. Work on-site is planned to start at the end of 2023. A material storage area will be established within the main site boundary. At this time, the water source for the construction process will be tankered to the Site. Cement will be from a nearby batching plant (not produced on-site). Worker laydown areas are expected to be constructed within the Project footprint, The Project may have some on-site accommodation, but contractors will also use offsite accommodation provided it meets Lender standards and adheres to the management and measures stipulated in the ESIA. Should any temporary impacts be identified in relation to worker accommodation or laydown areas, this will require an update or an addendum to the LRP. The expected lifetime of the PV infrastructure is 25 years (at least), and ten years for the battery system. At the end of its lifetime, options will be considered to replace, repair or remove all infrastructure from the Site. There will be a total permanent land take of 649 ha as a result of the Project. While it is a possibility, temporary land take is not expected for the Project. It is expected that the laydown areas and worker accommodation will be constructed within the Project limits, should they be constructed outside of the Project boundaries, these would trigger temporary resettlement impacts. A 50m access road will be constructed to the Project, and one overhead line tower at 16m2 this area has been included in the total land take. It is not expected that there will be servitude rights required for the area underneath the OHTL right of way as the OHTL will (including the tower) will be constructed within the right of way for the existing OHTL. Should any unanticipated land acquisition or involuntary resettlement impacts be identified an update or addendum to the LRP will be required. 13 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 3 Potential Impacts 3.1 Overview of Receptors The land plot allocated to the Project (including the access road and OHTL) is owned by the State Committee for Sericulture and Wool Industry Development (SWID) for an indefinite time period. SWID leased the land to the Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC in 2020 in accordance with Presidential Decree No PF-6059 dated September 2, 2020. Site observations (March 2-3, 2023) as well consultations with the local municipality suggest that currently the Project site as well as all surrounding pastural lands is subleased from Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC to “Alat Qorakolchilik” Limited Liability Company (LLC) for long term period (49 years). According to “Alat Qorakolchilik” LLC it leases the land at the rate of 15,000 UZS per sheep, which roughly equates to 1 million UZS per hectare. The Project site, access road and OHTL areas have no permanent users, as they are used only as an alternative grazing site usually during the spring months (March, April and May). Site observation and consultations at ESIA stage revealed that one herder uses the Project site on a constant basis through a short-term lease agreement with the LLC (around 10 months) to graze their livestock. In addition, seven of the eight households located near Khamza 1 station use the Project area for grazing their own livestock on an informal basis (they do not have a written contract with the LLC to use the land. Four herder camps were identified in the area surrounding the Project footprint (see Figure 5). These are understood to be owned by the community members that live within Khamza 1 substation and are used only during certain times per year (between the months of March- October) 1. None of the camps will be impacted by the Project. One farmer has a lease agreement to farm 20 ha of land just outside the southern section of the Project footprint under the name Shaxram omad LLC. The lease agreement was made for 40 years and was signed two years ago (in 2021). He uses approximately 4ha for agriculture and the remaining land is occasionally used for grazing 30-40 cows (between March and June). The Project footprint has been modified so that the farmer’s land will not be impacted. There are two areas on the Project site that have been subject to small-scale surface quarrying (gypsum) activities, but they are not active, and the Ministry of Mining Industry and Geology has confirmed that there are no existing leases to mine the Project area. Based on interviews, some people were identified as fishing in the canal. Khamza 1 and 2 substations (including the worker accommodation and the village members) and the Kulchovdur community all use water from the canals for drinking water, construction, and irrigation. A Health Protection Zone (HPZ) of 70m from the ABIS Canal has been included in the Project, it has been recommended that the boundary of the Project be fenced, so that no workers or equipment 1 Camp located south-east to the Project site, which belongs to Shaxram omad LLC farm, is used from March to July 14 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS will encroach on the canal. No additional scope for resettlement or livelihood impacts is expected as a result of the fence. Figure 3: Excavations in the former quarry area Figure 4: Excavations in the former quarry area Figure 5: Farm on the Project site 15 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Figure 6: Receptor map (project site and direct area of impact) 16 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 3.2 Activities that Give Rise to Land Acquisition Purchase of the Project land will have limited to negligible impacts on the landowner SWID, and land management companies Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC and Alat Qorakolchilik LLC. Restricting the access to the Project site (through fencing and constructing the PV plant, substation, BESS), construction of the 50m access road and the construction of the OHTL (one transmission tower will be outside of the Project site) will cause economic displacement to herders that use the site for grazing animals. The OHTL construction and 50m access road will also require a right of way, which will have potential land ownership and land use impacts due to the establishment of servitude. It is not expected that any new servitude rights will need to be obtained as the Project OHTL (with a length of 30m) will be situated within the right of way of the existing OHTL. The OHTL will start from the Project substation and will connect to the existing OHTL, the access road will start at the main road (R78) and reach the site. There will be no impact to structures/assets as a result of the servitude (right of way - ROW) for the access road. 3.3 Zone of Impact The primary zone of impact is the footprint of the Project components, including the PV panels, substation, battery storage facility, access road and OHTL. Given that none of the PAPs live in the Project footprint, there will be a secondary zone of impact, that is the communities of Kirlishon and Kulchovdur where the PAPs live. A buffer zone will need to be kept between the Project site and the ABIS Canal, which has been established as 70 meters by Amu Bukhara Department of Alat District. 3.4 Alternatives Considered The Government of Uzbekistan (GOU) aims to increase its power supply and has adopted the 2030 Energy Strategy, which defines several objectives and directions for electricity supply between 2020-2030. One of the Energy Strategy objectives includes developing and expanding renewable energy use and its integration into the unified power system. To fulfil this objective, the Government of Uzbekistan intends to “Ensure diversification in power and heat energy sectors through the increased share of renewable energy sources and creation of renewable energy investment project mechanism utilising PPP [public-private partnership] approaches, enhancement of government policies related to the development of renewable energy sources, demonstration of renewable projects”. In May 2019, the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, "On the use of renewable energy sources" and "On public-private partnership", were adopted. Thus, a regulatory and legal framework has been created to accelerate the implementation of renewable energy projects such as this one. Uzbekistan plans to increase the share of renewable energy sources to 25% by 2030. The Nur-Bukhara PV Project is part of the Uzbek Solar 3 program, which aims to enable the rapid roll-out of competitively priced, utility-scale solar PV power in Uzbekistan through a largely 17 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS standardised joint World Bank Group (World Bank, IFC and MIGA) solution based on a templated Public Private Partnership (PPP) transaction. The Project aligns with the Uzbekistan Energy Sector Strategy (BDS18-237(F)), the Green Economy Transition approach (BDS15-196(F)) aimed at supporting cleaner production and distribution of energy through greater energy and resource efficiency. The Project is also part of a more comprehensive program to help the broader integration of renewables into the national grid. The site was allocated as part of a country wide auction process incorporating a consideration of high level environmental and social (E&S) matters such as proximity to protected areas, settlements etc. For the site itself the layout has been optimised to minimise impact on environmental receptors, sensitive receptors along the southern boundary and to minimize the length of new OHTL required. An original site area of 1,035 ha has been optimised to the current area of 645 ha. Furthermore, the decision to connect the Project directly to the existing OHTL running along the updated western boundary helped in site optimisation and reduced the E&S impacts associated with having a dedicated new OHTL for grid connection to the Khamza 2 substation. Under the ‘Do nothing’ option, the proposed Solar PV Project would not be built, therefore no capital investment costs will be incurred, and any negative environmental and social impacts associated with the construction and operation of the project would be avoided. However, under the ‘Do Nothing’ scenario the benefits of the Project would not be realized, most importantly in supporting Uzbekistan's strategy to meet its growing energy needs and reduce reliance on fossil- fuel based electricity and energy imports, while taking advantage of Uzbekistan’s strong good natural resources for solar PV power generation. The investment in and development of solar PV projects is an important element in achieving the principles of this strategy, and therefore this Project is aligned with the overall objectives of Uzbekistan’s national energy strategy. Furthermore, any benefits that the solar PV Project can bring to the local community with regards to job opportunities, and the local ecology through active biodiversity management within the site footprint would also be lost in the do-nothing scenario. In a wider context, the ‘Do nothing’ option would limit overall economic development and possibilities for the improvement in the social welfare of people in the region. In summary, the following alternatives have been considered: ● Do nothing – which will reduce Uzbekistan’s chances of realizing its objectives under the Energy Strategy and Uzbek Solar 3 program. ● Site selection – which included identification of an areas that is not within a protected area, inhabited or used for agricultural purposes (there are no crops or productive trees on the Project site) and is not an area of national or international cultural heritage. ● Technological alternatives solar versus other energy generation technologies) – the site was identified as having good solar resources and being located close to existing substations and OHTLs. Alternative technologies would either be less feasible in this location, or not meet with Uzbekistan’s objectives related to renewable energy. 18 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 3.5 Mechanisms to Reduce Resettlement As well as the alternatives discussed above which have maintained that no physical displacement will be required, the following actions have been undertaken to reduce the economic displacement impacts. 1. Initial project outlines covered a much large area of land (1,035 ha). Changes in the layout of Project to cover only the land needed for sitting solar panels has eliminated the impact on the farmer located to the south of the site (in the initial layout approximately 20 ha of their land would have been impacted). 2. Buffer zone for ABIS canal has been reduced from 150 meters to 70 meters as discussed with the Sanitary and Epidemiological Wellbeing Agency. This reduction will allow the Project to be located closer to the canal and therefore use less of the land that is currently being used for grazing livestock. 3. Initial environmental plans relating to tortoise relocation required tortoise fences to be erected in locations across the Project site. This would have caused temporary access impacts to herders, during the spring, when they bring their livestock on site. However, further studies have found that tortoises can be relocated without having to use fences, thus removing this possible temporary impact. 4 Legal and Institutional Framework 4.1 Overview The Project will need to comply with the legal requirements of Uzbekistan as well as the requirements of the IFC, ADB, EBRD and the Equator Principles, in regard to land acquisition and involuntary resettlement. These requirements are summarized in the following sections. 4.2 National Regulations The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (dated December 8, 1992) provides that every citizen of the country has a right to own property (Article 36). In Article 53, the GoU guarantees citizenships of land, protection of ownership and provides freedom of the activities they wish to conduct on the land, i.e., economic activities, entrepreneurship and labour, as long as it is conducted with due regard for consumers’ rights. Landowners have a right to use and dispose of land as they see fit (except in the case of activities that may harm local environment and local communities) (Article 54). 4.2.1 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN (1992) The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (dated December 8, 1992) provides that every citizen of the country has a right to own property (Article 36). In Article 53, the GoU guarantees citizenships of land, protection of ownership and provides freedom of the activities they wish to conduct on the land, i.e., economic activities, entrepreneurship and labour, as long as it is conducted with due regard for consumers’ rights. 19 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Landowners have a right to use and dispose of land as they see fit (except in the case of activities that may harm local environment and local communities) (Article 54). 4.2.2 LAND CODE (1998, AS AMENDED IN 2022) The Land Code (LC) covers all land issues, including land acquisition, land allocation, transfer and sale of land plots, and determines types of land ownership. The following articles related to the land acquisition requirements for this Project: ● Article 16: The State is the owner of all land in the country and is also the main responsible body for its use. ● Article 36, (Clause 1): Termination of the right to permanent or temporary land use is made at the discretion of the local administration, i.e., Khokims (mayors) of administrative divisions (district/city/region). If landowners do not agree with decisions of the khokims they have the right to appeal to the courts (Article 36, Clause 4). ● Article 37, Clause 1: Acquisition of all or part a land plot for State or public needs shall be carried out with the consent of the landowner/user and lessee under the decision of the district, city, or region or under the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of Republic of Uzbekistan. ● Article 37, Clause 2: In the case of a disagreement by the landowner, land user or lessee with the land acquisition decision, this decision may be appealed in the court. ● Article 39 Clause 1: The landowner, land-user, lessee and the owner of a household have the right to be refunded for losses caused (including lost profit) by the acquisition of land or provided with compensation costs for voluntary renunciation of the land. ● Article 41, Clause 3: Losses caused by violation of the rights of land users, tenants and landowners (including lost profits), shall be reimbursed in full. ● Article 41, Clause 4: Equivalent land plot and compensation of losses including lost profits may be provided to a land user or tenant if the acquisition of the land was for State or public need. ● Article 86, Clause 1: The instances where land users’ losses must be compensated in full include: o Loss of profits. o Acquisition, redemption or temporary occupation of land. o Limitation of their rights due to the establishment of water protection zones, coastal strips, sanitary protection zones of water bodies, zones of formation of surface and underground water, zones of resort areas, biosphere areas, protection zones around national parks, reserves, national nature monuments, cultural heritage objects, discharges, roads, pipelines, communication and power lines. o Worsening the quality of the land as a result of the affect caused by construction and exploitation of water reservoirs, canals, collectors and other objects exuding harmful for agricultural crops and plantations substances and other actions of juridical and real persons causing the decrease of harvesting and worsening of the quality of agricultural goods. ● Article 87, Clause 1: Compensation, in addition to the compensation stipulated, will be provided for losses of agricultural and forestry production caused by the acquisition of agricultural and forest land, including agricultural land owned and used by individuals for 20 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS purposes not related to agriculture and forestry, restrictions on the rights of land users and lessees, or deterioration of land due to impacts caused by the activity of enterprises, institutions and organizations. 4.2.3 CIVIL CODE (1990, AS AMENDED IN 2022) The Civil Code (CC) protects legal Uzbek citizens when it comes to ownership of all types of property (material, intellectual etc). The CC determines the main provisions/general rules for valuation of property, cases of confiscation of property, and rights for compensation. In particular, the CC establishes that in cases of violation of right of the citizen of Uzbekistan, all loses should be fully compensated, unless the law or the contract does not provide compensation for losses (Article 14). Article 83 defines land plots, subsoils, building/structures, perinatal plants as immovable property (real estate) i.e., objects whose displacement will be impossible without disproportionate damage to its primary purpose. The CC also defines that all real estate property should be legally registered (Article 84). As a result, all property without registration cannot be compensated. 4.2.4 LAW № 781 (2022) Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 781 “On land acquisition for public needs with compensation” dated 29.06.2022 establishes procedures for the withdrawal of land plots or their parts belonging to individuals and legal entities based on the right of lifetime inheritable possession, permanent possession, permanent use, fixed-term (temporary) use or lease, for public needs with compensation. An exception to this law is land plots owned by individuals and legal entities based on ownership and in the permanent use of state bodies and institutions, enterprises, and self- government bodies of citizens. The21ollowingg are the articles most relevant to the implementation of this Project: ● Article 2 indicates that if an international agreement made by the Republic of Uzbekistan establishes rules other than those stipulated by Law No. 781, the rules of the international agreement shall apply. ● Article 4 indicates cases in which land is subject to acquisition, among which are fulfilment of obligations arising from international treaties/agreements with the Republic of Uzbekistan. It also considers the construction (reconstruction) of roads of national and local importance, bridges, tunnels, engineering facilities and power and communication lines are some of the purposes for which withdrawal of land plots can be considered for the public need. ● Article 11 states that members of the Compensation Committee shall be approved by a decision of the members of the Assemblies of People’s Deputies of the respective region for a period of two years and shall consist of 17 people. The law also specifies the tasks of the Compensation Committee, which include: o Ensuring regular monitoring of the timely provision of compensations in full and accounting of compensations provided; 21 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS o Submitting information to the Assembly of People’s Deputies in cases of untimely and incomplete provision of compensations; o Assisting in pre-trial settlements of compensation-related conflicts; and o Making decisions of a recommendatory nature on disputes related to the provision of compensation. ● Article 24 indicates that types of compensation can be different: in cash, in kind and other applicable types of compensation to PAPs. ● Article 22 defines the procedure for concluding an agreement with landowners, and according to which: o Project Developer should obtain permission/an official order from the relevant authorities of the region/district where the project will be constructed, and should reach an agreement with owners/PAPs, and sign a contract. o After reaching an agreement with local authorities and PAPs, local departments of the Cadastral Committee should record the land acquisition and include it in “ The Integrated Information System of Cadastre and Registration”; o Construction works or demolition of assets must not start until full compensation has been paid. ● Article 23 states that compensation should cover the market cost of real estate, loss of the right to land, perennial plantations, transportation costs, other expenses associated with resettlement and temporary rent of real estate, loss of income (for a season or one year) and all other expenses indicated by law and in agreement with the PAP. ● Article 25 highlights the timeline, terms and conditions of compensation payments. If compensation is provided one month or more after the date agreement is signed, the payment should include indexation equal to the inflation rate at the date of payment. ● Article 26 states that the Project developer becomes an owner of the project footprint after i) receipt of an agreement from the relevant local authority; ii) entering this document into the “Integrated Information System of Cadastre and Registration” and iii) payment of full compensation to the PAP. In turn, PAPs should release real estate that is subject to demolition within 6 months of the receipt of compensation. ● Article 27, states that the Compensation Commission is responsible for undertaking independent monitoring, in accordance with the agreement with the PAP, and all other relevant documents entered into the “Integrated Information System of Cadastre and Registration”. ● Article 30, requires that a list of real estate (with a description and location) that is subject to demolition is prepared as well as preliminary dates for demolition, which should be provided to local authorities. The Ministry of Justice should be provided with the final decision on demolition of real estate. ● Article 31 specifies that local authorities that provided permission for land acquisition, should disclose information and inform relevant organisations. ● Article 32 indicates that costs of demolition should be covered by the project developer and PAPs have a right to take the construction materials after demolition. 4.2.5 RESOLUTION OF CABINET MINISTERS NO. 146 (MAY 25, 2011) 22 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ● 55 m for OHTL with a voltage of 1150 kV ROWs are also required for operation and maintenance of the OHTL, for example no houses. tall structures or tall trees can be built in the OHTL ROW so as not to obstruct the cables, and also to allow access for maintenance vehicles to conduct maintenance activities 2. Basic regulations for obtaining ROW are included in the Land Code of Uzbekistan (Article 30 and 86), and Civil Code (Article 173) as well as in the Resolution of Cabinet of Ministries No.911 dated on 16.11.2019. The LC, Article 30, recognises following cases for obtaining a ROW: ● Placing transmission, communication, engineering and other types of line through the owned land; ● Construction of irrigation canals, or performing drainage work on owned land; ● Constructing a well to get a water for drinking purposes; ● Using part of the land as an access road; and ● Conducting research or other temporary field works. The above listed legal acts require that obtaining ROW should be mutually agreed between the current landowner and the entity that needs the land plot. ROW also should be legally registered and contain all conditions that were agreed between the two parties. Moreover, all loses/damages occurred as a result of activities carried out for the ROW are subject to compensation. If a ROW is required on lands that are intended for agricultural purposes, the quality of soil should be monitored frequently. If the company using the ROW damage the remaining pieces of land, they should be compensated as well. Requirements for calculation and compensation of losses as a result of obtaining ROW are the same as for all other types of land acquisition. 4.3 Lender Requirements 4.3.1 IFC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS IFC Performance Standard 5: Involuntary Resettlement addresses resettlement. Key requirements for IFC PS5 include: ● Avoidance, and when it is not possible, minimize displacement through the exploration of alternative project designs; ● Avoidance of forced eviction; ● Providing compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost and ensuring resettlement activities are implemented with the appropriate amount of consultation and information disclosure; ● Improving or restoring the livelihoods and standards of living of displaced persons; and ● Providing adequate housing, with security of tenure to physically displaced persons to improve their living conditions. 2 The Project will maintain the area under the OHTL free of items taller than 6m. 25 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS This should be achieved through the implementation of a livelihood restoration plan or resettlement plan which includes an institutional framework. well developed monitoring and evaluation mechanism, a time schedule and a financial plan. 4.3.2 ADB SAFEGUARD POLICY STATEMENT Land acquisition and livelihood restoration impacts are addressed in the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) (2009) the objectives of the ADB’s Involuntary Resettlement Safeguards are to: ● Avoid involuntary resettlement wherever possible. ● Minimize involuntary resettlement by exploring project and design alternatives. ● Enhance, or at least restore, the livelihoods of all displaced persons in real terms relative to the pre-project levels. ● Improve the standards of living of the displaced poor and other vulnerable groups. ADB recognises both physical (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) displacement impacts. These may stem from either permanent or temporary, full or partial, involuntary acquisition of land or involuntary restriction on land use or access. Involuntarily resettlement occurs when displaced persons are not able to refuse the acquisition of land; in cases where (i) lands are acquired through a legal expropriation process, based on eminent domain; or (ii) lands are acquired through negotiated settlements, if the expropriation process would have been triggered if the negotiations had failed. ADB recognises displaced persons with the following characteristics as being eligible for compensation: ● legal rights, or titles to the land. ● no formal or legal rights but have a claim to the land recognised under national law. ● they occupy the land but have no formal legal rights to it. Compensation should preferably be provided as replacement land, otherwise cash compensation must be made at full replacement cost; with additional assistance and livelihood restoration activities. Compensation at full replacement cost must be paid before Project construction can start. A resettlement plan must be prepared in consultation and participation with the affected people and communities. It must include the establishment of a grievance redress mechanism. The resettlement plan will be disclosed on the ADB website and monitoring and reporting activities on ADB safeguard compliance will need to be undertaken, in some cases by external experts or NGOs. 4.3.3 EBRD PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS EBRD’s resettlement and livelihood restoration requirements are primarily found in PR5 – Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement and PR 10 – Information Disclosure and Stakeholder Engagement. PR5 defines involuntary resettlement as physical displacement (loss of assets or resources), and/or economic displacement (loss of access to assets or resources that leads to loss of income sources 26 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS or means of livelihood) as a result of project-related land acquisition and/or restrictions on land use” 3. Requirements of PR5 are as follows: ● Avoid or when unavoidable, minimise, involuntary resettlement by exploring alternative project design; ● Mitigate adverse social and economic impacts from land acquisition or restrictions on affected persons’ use of and access to assets and land by: (i) providing compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost; and (ii) ensuring that resettlement activities are implemented with appropriate disclosure of information, consultation and the informed participation of those affected; ● Restore or, where possible, improve the livelihoods and standards of living of displaced persons to pre-displacement levels; and ● Improve living conditions among physically displaced persons through the provision of adequate housing, including security of tenure at resettlement sites. The following types of land-related transactions will trigger PR5: ● Land rights or land use rights acquired through expropriation or other compulsory procedures in accordance with the legal system of the host country; ● Land rights or land use rights acquired through negotiated resettlements with property owners or those with legal rights to the land including customary or traditional rights recognised or recognisable under the laws of the country, if expropriation or other compulsory process would have resulted upon the failure of negotiation; and ● Imposition of restrictions that result in people experiencing loss of access to physical assets or natural resources irrespective of whether such rights or restrictions are acquired through negotiation, expropriation, compulsory purchase, or by means of government regulation 4 PR10’s specific requirements for the land acquisition process include; the need to ensure affected persons will be given the opportunity to participate in determining the eligibility requirements, in negotiations of the compensation packages, selecting resettlement assistance and proposed timing for land acquisition and livelihood restoration activities. Consultation must continue during the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the land acquisition process so as to achieve outcomes that are consistent with the objectives of EBRD PR10. 4.3.4 EQUATOR PRINCIPLES The Equator Principles IV is a risk framework adopted by financial institutions. The Lender is expected to be a signatory to the Equator Principles and is therefore considered an Equator Principles Financial Institution (EPFI). All projects in non-designated countries, such as Uzbekistan, are required to demonstrate compliance with both national laws and the requirements of the IFC 3 EBRD, Performance Requirement 5 (in EBRD ESP 2019) 4 This includes those with no recognisable legal right or claim to the land they occupy. 27 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Performance Standards and World Bank EHS Guidelines 5. IFC Performance Standards are covered in section 4.3.1. 4.4 Gap Analysis between Lender Requirements and National Regulations The Uzbek legislation included in section 4.1 does not match/cover several requirements of IFC, ADB and EBRD requirements for conducting resettlement and livelihood restoration activities. As the IFC, ADB and EBRD requirements are so similar, they have been combined in one column. Differences and gaps between Uzbek legislation and Lender (IFC/ADB/EBRD) requirements are summarised in Table 2 below. 5 The World Bank Group EHS Guidelines 20 are technical reference documents containing examples of Good International Industry Practice (GIIP) as described in the IFC Performance Standards. 28 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 5 Assessment of Impacts 5.1 Overview A number of possible impacts were identified as a result of land acquisition and livelihood impacts for the Project. They include: ● Loss of owned land - the State Committee on Sericulture and Wool Industry Development ● Loss of income from leased land - Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC and Alat Qorakolchilik LLC, the land management companies ● Loss of leased land - The herder and their partner that have a 10 months lease to graze the land; ● Loss of access to grazing land - Herders that use the area during the spring months and their households; ● Loss of access to the canal - ABIS canal water users; ● Loss of access to the canal - People that fish in the canal. ● Loss of access to mining activities - Possible owners of small-scale mining activities; ● People that fish in the canal. However, fishing, water users and mining impacts have been scoped out of this LRP as there will be no loss of access to the ABIS canal and the quarries are no longer be used. Households interviewed during the census survey (H1, H2, V1-V7) confirmed that they do not have any employees. Therefore, no impacts on herder employees have been discussed. There may be some impacts to the herders when using alternative land related to dust and construction noise. The ESIA has included restrictions to the passage of heavy trucks, which would mitigate the impact from transportation. The large area of the alternative land, and the relatively short construction period mean that these impacts are unlikely. Should they be felt by PAPs, they can be raised through the grievance mechanism and will be mitigated/compensated as an unexpected loss per the entitlement matrix. The following sections provide information on the losses identified for the landowners, the land leasers and the land users (local herders). 5.2 Landowners 5.2.1 STATE COMMITTEE ON SERICULTURE AND WOOL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT The Committee was established by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2020, to: ● Pursue a unified state policy in the field of animal husbandry, ensuring the coordinated development of industries with a unified scientific and technical policy; ● Maintain strict accounting and study of mulberry plantations and pastures, improving the fodder base for the development of sericulture and astrakhan breeding; ● Introduce highly productive breeds of silkworm and karakul sheep; 34 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 5.3 Lease Holders SWID as the landowner, has leased the Project land to a management company called Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC that has in turn subleased the land to Alat Qorakolchilik LLC, to be used to graze livestock. The Alat Qorakolchilik LLC is responsible for all organisational and managerial works, such as hiring herders and allocation of land plots for grazing. The LLC has set up one lease for the Project land. The holders, one herder and his partner (H1 and H2), have the right to use the land under a land lease agreement. The herder together with his partner (H1 and H2) have signed a 10-month agreement, which he regularly renews, with Alat Qorakolchilik LLC to be able to graze livestock on land that includes the Project site, the access road and the OHTL servitude. The approximate size of land he uses for grazing is around 1,000 ha, although he formally has approximately 600 ha to use 8. According to herder H1 in 2021 they paid 3 million UZS and in 2022 they paid 3.7 million UZS to LLC to obtain the 10-month lease for the same area of land (they pay by the head of livestock, rather than the land area, at a rate of 10-15 thousand UZS per year per head of livestock). Together H1 and H2 graze around 100 head of livestock, mainly sheep. Figure 8 provides a representation of the land that the herder uses in red. Figure 8: Grazing area of herder 5.4 Local Herders Seven villagers (V1 – V7) from the Kirilishon community located near Khamza 1 substation also use the same area as herders H1 and H2 to graze their own livestock, however they do not pay to use 8 A request was made to the LLC and the herders to provide a copy of the formal agreement. However, it was not provided. It is possible that there is no written agreement and that the agreement was only made verbally. 36 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS the land. Alat Qorakolchilik LLC supports them by allowing them to graze unofficially. The large area used is likely due to the poor vegetation on this land. Figure 9 provides an overview of the land used by the villagers (lines on the figure show the extent of the grazing area of different villagers. Figure 9: Grazing area by villagers 37 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS In AOI communities only 0.7% of household members were recorded as illiterate. However, the rate of attending higher education was also low (3.7%) in the AOI communities. All students in the AOI (both boys and girls) eligible to attend schools/colleges/lyceums were attending these types of schools located in their communities. The household heads of all nine PAHs (Table 8) have completed primary school. None of them have completed secondary school or higher education. 6.1.6 HEALTH In the AOI, 97.3% of respondents from Kirlishon community stated that they have access to health services, while 40.5% of respondents from Kulchovdur community have access to health services. AOI respondents that stated they did not have access to, or that there was no health service available in their community, do not have to travel far to reach a health facility, with only 4.7% of households travelling more than 10km to reach health services. AOI respondents indicated the most prevalent diseases in AOI communities were acute respiratory diseases (these include influenza and colds), cardiovascular diseases, (heart disease), gastrointestinal diseases (gastritis, cirrhosis, peptic ulcer), and anaemia. 6.1.7 EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME SOURCES The majority of the AOI (20.8%) are pensioners, and 12.3% of respondents stated they are employed in the government sector. Entrepreneurs and business owners make up 8% of the AOI. In the AOI registered unemployed people make up 0.1% of the population while those that are not registered unemployed make up another 7.8%. A total of 11% of the AOI respondents reported that they work as seasonal worker (working in temporary and seasonal jobs) while about 9.5% of AOI respondents work on their household farm. For all nine PAHs the main source of income is grazing. Due to the isolated location and high-rate unemployment within the PAH, seven of the PAH can be considered poor, as their reported income is enough only to cover their basic needs. Two PAH (H1 and H2) can be assessed as in good condition. 6.1.8 GRAZING ACTIVITIES There are currently no agricultural activities being undertaken on the Project site, except for grazing of livestock. Survey respondents from the AOI communities were asked if they used the Project site and if so, what they used it for, and five respondents (1.9% of all respondents) indicated that they use Project area. All five AOI respondents live in Kirlishon community. The majority of AOI respondents stated they graze only at the top of the Project site, nearest to the Khamza 1 substation. The PAH all use the Project site during the spring months for livestock grazing. Table 5 provides an overview of the livestock owned by each PAP household and an estimation provided by the valuer of the total amount of land required by the livestock to graze (provided in hectares). 40 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS the household, and the remaining 9.5 % are registered under a female member (usually the household head). 6.1.10 HOUSEHOLD AMENITIES Surveyed household members in general did not own a lot of household items. The majority of households own a TV and a mobile phone (98.5% and 98.9%, respectively), the next most owned item is a refrigerator (77.7%). Only approximately one-third of AOI household’s own cars, and another one-third own motorbikes (31.9% and 34.8%, respectively), reducing the mobility of AOI households. All of the nine PAH have basic household equipment, such as refrigerator, TV, mobile phone. The majority of households use motorbikes as a means of transportation. None of surveyed PAHs own a car or washing machine. 6.1.11 ACCESS TO UTILITIES AND SERVICES A total of 74% of Kirilishon community members responded that they have a stable electricity supply all year round, while in the Kulchovdir community, 34.4 % of respondents have a stable electricity supply all year round. Regarding potable water, 83.8% of households in the Kirlishon community and 98.9% of households in the Kulchovdur community have access to a centralized water supply, and very few households stated that they have access, but it only works intermittently. The settlement of Kirlishon community near the Khamza 1 substation uses water from the ABIS canal for all purposes, even for drinking. None of the AOI households have centralized gas supply. People use gas cylinders as an alternative. There is no centralized heating in place in AOI communities. For cooking, gas cylinders are predominantly used (92.8%), while 6.5% of AOI respondents use wood or plant materials. Oil and electricity are used by a small proportion of respondents - 0.4%. For both AoI communities, the removal of waste by the state garbage company is the most used method of waste disposal, this is followed by use of designated pits for household waste. Seven of the PAH located near Khamza 1 substation have electricity supply all year round. However, they do not have a centralised supply for potable water, gas or heating. There is also no centralised waste management system. PAHs filter their drinking water from the ABIS Canal, using basic methods. To use the canal water, the villagers run the water into a ditch, then when the sediment has filtered to the bottom, the water is poured using buckets into concrete wells from which it will be used for different community needs. For cooking and heating purposes the PAPs use gas tanks and heat their houses with wood during the winter periods. Two PAH have the same living conditions, except that their drinking water is provided by a centralised water supply. There is no centralised sewage system for any of the PAH. Waste is collected and then either buried under the ground or burnt. 6.1.12 GENDER Percentages of men and women in the AOI population are very similar, suggesting that there is not a gender imbalance in the AOI communities. Survey results reveal that women in the AOI 42 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS communities are expected to perform domestic chores like cooking and washing in their families. While the men are more involved in going to the market, the purchase of food and non-food items. The main source of income of all PAH is livestock rearing and both men and women are engaged in livestock grazing activities. Women also confirmed during consultations that they are also responsible, along with men, for getting water from the canal (see process of removal of water in section 7.1.11). It was mentioned that the canal is reached by foot if there is a need. As mentioned above education is a right for both boys and girls and they are attending equally. However, home ownership is predominantly owned by men in the AOI. As per the census surveys, four out of the nine PAHs are female headed households. 6.1.13 VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS Approximately 10 vulnerable people were identified during consultations with the Kirlishon community leader. A total of potentially 70 vulnerable people were identified during consultations with the Kulchovdur community leader. Vulnerable groups were defined as youth, unemployed and disabled community members. Among the AOI households, the number of disabled people was 35 (2.6%). Of the 35 disabled people, 30 (85.7%) of them had physical disability, while 5 people (14.3%) were mentally disabled. The census survey of PAH outlined that all of the households that can be considered vulnerable as a result of the following situations 9: - One household is led by women who is single parent; - Three other households are considered female headed households; - One household has a member with a second grade of disability; - One household is led by women who has a third grade of disability; - Seven households are considered poor as their reported income is enough only to cover their basic needs. - All of the households come from ‘natural resource dependent communities 10’ and given that the vegetation being grazed is scarce, and the land is only viable for use during the spring seasons, they are all considered vulnerable for the purpose of this LRP. 6.1.14 SAFEGUARDING VULNERABLE PEOPLE Considering the isolated location as well as high rate of unemployment in the region, livestock grazing is the most suitable and reliable source of income in the nearest communities. Therefore, specific livelihood restoration activities/compensation have been identified for vulnerable groups, 9 This LRP generally follows the definition of vulnerable people provided in the EBRD’s Environmental and Social Policy (2019); with a focus on female headed households, households with disabled members and poor households. 10 EBRD’s Environmental and Social Policy (2019) includes a definition of vulnerable people, which includes natural resource dependent communities. 43 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS focused on assistance of vulnerable households to continue this source of livelihood. See more information in the Entitlements Matrix (section 9). 7 Eligibility and Entitlement 7.1 Overview Any person, household or company, whose assets and/or income are affected by the Project, whether permanently or temporarily, and regardless of whether they have legal title to the affected land or asset or not, is eligible to receive compensation and other entitlements for their losses. If people or households reside in, occupy or use land needed for the Project prior to the cut-off date then they will be considered Project affected and eligible for compensation and entitlements. 7.2 Cut-off Date A cut-off date has been disclosed with local communities. The cut-off date disclosed to PAPs is 10 June 2023. It was calculated as two weeks prior to the date of the census survey, as required by Uzbek legislation. It was disclosed by letter to the local community on 30 May 2023 and during consultations to disclose the findings of the ESIA on 30 and 31 May 2023. 7.3 Land Ownership in Uzbekistan In accordance with Uzbek legislation, all pastureland belongs to the State. Legal entities and individuals can use pastureland by leasing and subleasing land plots. Payment for the use of pasture is charged in the form of land tax or rent. The Committee on Sericulture and Wool Industry (SWID) owns the Project land on behalf of the State in Alat District. The land is leased by a government entity called Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC which has the responsibility to manage the pastureland and sublease it 11. Its overall land allocation is approximately 264,000 ha. The land is then subleased to Alat Qorakolchilik LLC for 49 years. It is an entity which is also within the state framework of the wool industry development program. Alat Qorakolchilik LLC, has a land holding of 88,000 ha. It pays an annual land tax payment of 1 million USZ per ha and an additional rental payment of 15,000 UZS per head of livestock, directly to SWID. Therefore, Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC will not be impacted financially by the allocation of the land required for the Project footprint to the Project Company. The tax and rental obligations for the Project area will be removed from both of the LLCs. Alat Qorakolchilik LLC will lose rental access to is approximately 0.7% of the total area that it manages and was considered by the LLC to be unproductive land. It has confirmed that it rents the land per head of livestock only, not by area and will therefore not be losing any income as a result of the Project. In consultation with the Alat 11 The land was allocated, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 2, 2020 No PF-6059 44 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Herders and their Villagers from nearby communities, household usually use the Project area to graze their own livestock during the spring season on the project site 8 Entitlement Matrix Different types of known Project losses are described in Table 8 the Entitlement Matrix, as well as provisions to address any unanticipated impacts that could arise during Project implementation. Entitlements have been listed based on categories of losses, as a PAH or PAP could be impacted by a number of different types of losses. Masdar will be the responsible party for compensating Project losses. 46 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Critical Habitat Assessment Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 9 Valuation and Compensation 9.1 Overview In the preparation of this LRP inventory surveys were undertaken by independent valuation company “Gulistan Baholash Konsulting” LLC, i.e., Dilshod Kurbanov on 05 May 2023, to determine valuation and compensation requirements for the Project. While changes to the Project layout have meant that compensation for land is not longer required, the valuation has been included in this LRP for completeness, and to be used in case any unforeseen impacts are identified. The methods that were identified to calculate land compensation are discussed in the following sections. 9.2 Valuation Methodology Valuation of lost assets will be made at full replacement cost. The replacement cost of land or structures is considered to include (i) fair market value (ii) transaction costs (iii) interest accrued (iv) renovation costs and (v) other payments as applicable. The replacement cost does not take into account depreciation value of an item. As mentioned in section 4.2 the legal basis for valuation of land loss is provided in the following legal acts: • Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 781 dated June 29, 2022 “On land acquisition for public needs with compensation”. • Resolution of Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 25, 2011 № 146 “On compensation calculation for agricultural and forestry losses”. • Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 16, 2019 No.911 “On further improving procedures for providing property rights of individuals and legal entities and procedures for removal and compensation for land plots”. Valuation regulations in Uzbekistan are generally in-line with Lender requirements, as they also require full market cost for affected structures, crops and assets. The land for the Project is all owned by a government entity and therefore the acquisition will be determined under a Presidential Decree or other legislative agreement. This will be checked by Masdar to confirm that it is in-line with Lender requirements. The following sections provide further detail on the compensation to be paid for different types of losses. 9.3 Compensation for Land Compensation for affected land plots is calculated based on Uzbek legislation found in the Resolution of Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No.146 dated May 25, 2011 (see section 4.2.5 for further details). Based on this Resolution, owners, leasers and tenants of agricultural land plots, forestry funds, and pastural lands will be compensated for the following: ● Losses of agriculture and forestry; ● Cost of irrigation and developing equal new land plot provided for seized irrigated agricultural land; 50 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ● Cost of fundamental improvement of grassland and pasture; ● Scheme for determination of losses of owners, users, lessees and proprietors, as well as losses of agriculture and forestry; and ● Coefficients on location of seized land plots. Under Uzbek legislation, PAPs can claim compensation for loss of the right to land, but since 2021 land can only be purchased through a state run land auction. Compensation for land to PAPs is not considered in local legislation unless it is under lifetime ownership of the PAPs. In the case of Project all of the land belongs to a state organisation SWID and can be allocated to the Project under a land lease agreement, without the need to pay compensation. As such Masdar will be responsible for covering compensation for assets, crops or other assets that exists on affected land plot only. 9.3.1 VALUATION METHOD FOR PASTURELAND In this regard, bookkeeping operations are described in the following formulas according to the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 146 of May 25, 2011 on the procedure for compensation for damages caused to the owners, users, tenants and owners of land plots, and regulation on the procedure for compensating for damages in cases that caused the failure of agricultural and forestry production, as well as the withdrawal of land from agricultural use: Ploss/agr= {[(Cirr*Bw*Sirr*10) +(Crf*Srf*20) +(Cirr*Bw*Sirrf*10*0.1) +(Srf*Srfd*20*0.1) +(Ch.p*Sh.p*20)]*Ki}+PR Ploss/agr — the value of loss of grazing area as a result of the loss of pastoral land for permanent use, (soums); Cirr — the cost of irrigation and development of new land of equal value to 1 hectare of irrigated agricultural arable land (with the exception of arable land that has been lying idle for a long time), (soums); Crf. — the cost of irrigation and development of new land of equal value to 1 ha of dryland and non-irrigated perennials to be lost, (soums); Ch.p — the cost of irrigation and development of new land of equal value to 1 ha of hayfields and pastures to be lost, (soums); Bw— average bonitet 16 points of the soil of irrigated land to be lost, (points); Sirr — the area of irrigated arable agricultural land (with the exception of arable land that has been lying idle for a long time) to be withdrawn, (ha); 16 This term relates to the quantitative assessment of the soil’s natural fertility, and it is expressed as a score. 51 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Herders’ income and livelihood activities depend on natural resources (land resources), and they involve their family members in grazing/agricultural/selling activities. Therefore, they will all be considered to be vulnerable. Vulnerable PAPs will also receive priority participation in livelihood restoration activities and preferential selection for Project related employment (where relevant). 9.9 Alternative Land Alternative grazing land has been identified to compensate herder (H1 and H2) for the termination of their lease. Villagers (V1 to V7) will also be able to use the alternative land on an unofficial basis, as they currently do. 9.9.1 AVAILABLE LAND FOR GRAZING AND FARMING To ensure the safe transition of PAPs livelihoods after land acquisition, the Project consulted with Alat Qorakolchilik LLC and SWID Committee to identify alternative land for grazing near the Project. The land that has been identified is highlighted in green and purple in in Figure 10 below. The land identified has the benefit that it is very close to the previously used land and the “Alat Qorakolchilik” LLC has confirmed that the land in the green segment has the same calorific value and grazing capacity as the existing piece of land. The valuer undertook a review of the number of livestock owned by the affected herders that use the Project area for grazing and calculated the amount of land needed to graze all of the livestock owned by the affected herders. It came to a total of 57.2 ha of land. The alternative grazing land in green, is approximately 260 ha in size and therefore nearly four times larger than the amount needed by the affected households. “Alat Qorakolchilik” LLC has also identified additional land as available for herders use in the purple section in Figure 11, which is approximately 1,000ha in size. The LLC has confirmed that there are no landowners or lease agreements connected with that land either. However, this land is further away (approximately 1.5km at the closest point and 5.5km at the farthest point from the households living within the Khamza 1 substation).and is also used by the members of the Kirilishon community who graze their livestock and should therefore only be used as a back-up location. As mentioned above, the land agreement between herders H1 and H2 is based on head of livestock and not based on plot size, therefore, the cost of the LLA is not expected to change. According to herders H1and H2, they pay 10-15 thousand UZS per year per head of livestock. PAPs were informed about the alternative site during public consultation meetings and they did not express any concerns about the provision of the alternative site, although they did suggest that they would likely use the section highlighted in green as their preference. 58 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 9.10 Compensation Packages A compensation package has been identified (replacement land and food basket) in the case of H1, H2, and V1 to V7 and will be disclosed/notified to each PAP. The Project Company will provide the additional support in the form of livelihood restoration activities to H1, H2, and V1 to V7. These are discussed in the next section. 10 Livelihood Restoration Activities 10.1 Livelihood Restoration Livelihood restoration programs are not required under Uzbek law however, they are required under Lenders’ requirements. Livelihood restoration activities will be identified to assist PAPs to restore, if not improve their livelihoods to pre-Project levels. The activities identified are considered commensurate with the identified impacts. Livelihood restoration activities have been developed in consultation with the PAPs during site visits and consultation events. No specific livelihood restoration activities were requested by PAPs or local community leaders, with the exception of priority employment. Masdar has confirmed that community members will be given priority in the employment process, with the PAPs and households that have no members employed being the first in line. This is provided that they have the relevant skills for the position. In addition to priority employment the following programs have been identified for PAPs: ● Financial awareness/ monetary management; ● Training that can be provided by SWID, which may include livestock breeding and management training (training to enhance or improve income from livestock production); and training in agricultural production (for PAP’s “tomorka” land). ● Provision of seeds and saplings for PAH to improve the productivity in their “tomorka” – estimated at two saplings and 3kg of seeds (tomorka plots are generally 0.05-0.1ha in size and 3kg of corn (a common plant in the area) are needed to cover 0.1ha of land). ● Assistance with provision of hand tools for use on “tomorka” land or use in animal husbandry (to be determined in consultation with the PAH) – estimated as one tool per household. ● Cooperation with the local university to develop projects to increase productivity in the impacted settlements' animal husbandry practices etc. Each PAP household will be able to select at least one member to participate in each of the training sessions one training session usually lasts 1-2 weeks (with 20-25 participants in the group). Training topics can be discussed and adjusted, to the needs and requirements of participants. Provision of materials for the construction of livestock pens will be investigated for feasibility to determine the need for them, their size and the location of the pens. This would require herder consultation at a later date. Once the Project is operational there is a possibility that some herders will be able to bid for a contract to undertake “controlled grazing” of smaller animals within the Project site, to control the 60 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS vegetation (this would not happen for at least three years as the vegetation will need time to grow). Impacted herders will be hired as a priority for this contract. 10.2 Community Benefits The reach of community benefits extends further than that of livelihood restoration. It does not only focus on PAPs, but also other non-PAP community members. Community benefit activities will be discussed with local government agencies and community members and will be selected on a need’s basis, in consultation with local community members and a Community Development Plan will be prepared. Some possible community benefits include: ● Vegetation of the area next to the Project site to increase grazing; ● Lay a water pipe from the ABIS Canal to irrigate the areas next to the Project site to improve soil fertility; ● Assistance in CV writing, or similar, to help local community members to obtain jobs on the Project; ● Provision of scholarships to local students (preferably in topics such as renewable energy or solar technology); ● Provision of training in trades related to project works (such as welding) with the aim to employ a certain percentage of training graduates; ● Assistance in the construction or upgrading of local infrastructure, such as roads and/or community buildings; and ● Investment to restore local infrastructure. A plan to disclose and manage community benefits will be prepared during the construction phase of the Project. A separate budget will be determined for community benefits and therefore these activities have not been included in the LRP budget. 11 Stakeholder Engagement 11.1 Overview of Stakeholder Engagement Consultation and engagement with PAPs serve two important purposes. To disclose important information on the LRP and its implementation and to give PAPs the opportunity to raise any concerns or opinions regarding the LRP processes. All consultation is undertaken in a culturally appropriate manner, in order to reflect the concerns and priorities of both men and women and separate consultations have or are held where necessary. The consultations are also used to inform the PAPs how their views and concerns have been incorporated in the LRP. 11.2 Key Stakeholders Identified Key stakeholders for the land acquisition and livelihood restoration impacts include: ● State Committee on Sericulture and Wool Development Industry; ● Alat district khokimiyat (municipality); ● Buhoro Karakol Cluster LLC 61 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ● “Alat Qorakolchilik” LLC ● Land leasers (H1, H2); ● Herders (V1 to V7); ● Local community leaders ● NGOs or other interested parties (if relevant). ● Alat District Administration of ABIS under the Ministry of Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan ● “National Electricity Grids of Uzbekistan” JSC ● “Bukhara Territorial Electricity Company” JSC; and ● State Committee for Roads of the Republic of Uzbekistan 11.3 Public Consultation and Disclosure Activities A scoping site visit was undertaken in March 2023. During the visit key informant interviews (KIIs) were undertaken with local community members, land users and community leaders. A preliminary consultation was also undertaken with the farmer who’s leased land is located at the south of the Project as his land was originally impacted by the Project. It has subsequently been excluded from the Project footprint. In the weeks following the site visit KIIs were also undertaken with the Hokyimiat and the SWID. These KIIs were undertaken to disclose Project information to key stakeholders as well as to identify land use and potential economic displacement impacts. 11.3.1 IMPACTS ON THE PROJECT AS PERCEIVED BY THE PAPS PAPs consulted during focus group discussions and public hearings were most concerned about losing grazing land. No other impacts, related to fishing, collecting plants or herbs or any restriction to access were identified by PAPs during any of the consultation events. 11.3.2 PAPS EXPECTATIONS ON LIVELIHOOD RESTORATION MEASURES AND / OR SUPPORT Herders initially requested that the Project site be moved so it would not impact their grazing lands. However, once it was explained that the Project location cannot be moved, but that alternative grazing land would be provided, they had no further concerns regarding loss of grazing land. The herders raised no concerns about the location of the alternative site considering its close proximity to the previous grazing area. The PAPs and other community members raised the following requests: - prioritise employment for construction stage from their community; - support constant communication with community during construction stage to ensure that employed villagers can complain in case of job loss; and - support community in improving its infrastructure (internal access roads, public structures). PAPs and community members asked that the EPC contractor would arrange a meeting with them in order to get clarifications on what kind of jobs are needed. 62 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 11.4 LRP Disclosure Consultation to disclose the LRP summary (a leaflet that outlined the LRP) and compensation packages including the alternative land location was undertaken in August 2023. It included meeting with institutional stakeholders and PAPs. The institutional stakeholders included; the District Municipality (Foreign Trade and Investment Department and Construction Department), the Alat Qorakolchilik LLC, the Natural Resources Department of Alat District and the Local Electricity Department of District. At the Project site, all PAPs and the community leader for Kirlshon community were consulted either in person [5 PAPs], or via the Telegaram ap [2 PAPs]. Compensation packages were disclosed, including the alternative land and discussed with PAPs. Some PAPs informed the Project that they would prefer cash compensation. However, once the compensation packages were fully explained all of the PAPs signed their receipt of the compensation package disclosures. I PAPs reiterated their expectation to be hired during construction. They were informed that employment cannot be guaranteed, but PAPs will receive priority employment on the Project, providing they have the required skills for the position. It was also explained that the alternative land is available now. Other commitments under the CP (food baskets etc.) will be distributed before the start of construction. 11.5 Gender Inclusion Inclusion of women in consultations, particularly in relation to livelihood restoration impacts has been encouraged. The possibility of gendered focus group meetings was available, but fount not to be necessary as women were able to participate in general focus groups (they can be held in future if deemed necessary) and women are encouraged to attend all public hearing events. In total two focus group discussions were held including women, one in each of the Project AoI communities. During the discussions requests were made regarding employment for women (in tasks such as catering). The only concern raised regarding workers influx was the possibility of livestock theft. Female facilitators have been available at all events, so that women feel comfortable raising their comments and concerns. If it is identified that women are not equally participating in these events, further action will be taken, such as village walk throughs, where a female facilitator will walk through the village and speak to women they meet in the street (this has not been required to date). Following that, discussions with local governments and household visits can be facilitated if necessary. 11.6 Vulnerable and Marginalised People Vulnerable peoples have been identified by local government members as disabled, elderly, or youths. Attempts have been made to include these vulnerable or marginalized groups in general discussions (such as holding consultations in locations with disabled access), and individual consultations in-person and by telephone have been made to identified vulnerable PAPs. 63 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 11.7 Future Planned Engagements A range of formal and informal consultative methods have been used to inform the preparation and implementation of this LRP. Consultation methodology has included: focus group discussions, public meetings, community discussions, and one-on-one interviews with key informants. Consultations have included proactive measures to ensure women are informed about the impacts and their views incorporated into the preparation of the LRP to the extent possible. No sensitive community structures (religious structures, schools, wells) were identified through the consultations, and the needs of the disadvantaged or vulnerable groups, including those below the poverty line, severely affected households, the elderly, and female headed households were identified and addressed 20. PAPs will continue to be consulted throughout the Project, at key stages, and at a minimum on a quarterly basis throughout construction. The following future planned engagements, relevant to livelihood restoration, have been identified for the Project. ● Disclosure of the LRP executive summary on Masdar and Lender websites (September 2023). ● Notification and implementation of the livelihood restoration training (no date determined as yet). ● Disclosure of the dates the land ownership will be transferred, and the date construction of the perimeter fence will start (no date determined as yet). For further information on future stakeholder engagement for the entire Project, please see the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (2023). 12 Grievance Redress Mechanism 12.1 Overview The aim of a grievance mechanism (GM) is to maintain communication with PAPs, i.e., be aware of their concerns, and provide responses to their inquiries as per Lenders’ requirements. A well- functioning GM can identify issues and address them before they escalate. Grievances will be managed by the Grievance Manager. At the scoping and ESIA stages of the Project, JE will be the Grievance Manager, responsible for the receipt of grievances with assistance from Masdar, However, following the ESIA phase the responsibility for grievance receipt and redress will be entirely the responsibility of Masdar, or an appointed contractor. The grievance mechanism has been and will continue to be disclosed during all public consultations and focus group discussions. A statement on the grievance mechanism has been included in the Project Non-technical Summary (NTS) and grievance contact details will be included on all documents for disclosure to stakeholders, including a relevant mobile phone number. 20 No indigenous peoples have been identified as being impacted by the Project 64 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Juru Energy Email: v.filatova@juruenergy.com Viktoriya Filatova – Senior Environmental Consultant Telephone: +998 712020440 Juru Energy Email: z.kazakova@juruenergy.com Zilola Kazakova – Principal Social Consultant Telephone: +998 712020440 Project Company Email: kkaramatov@masdar.ae Khurshid Karamatov Telephone: +998 93 522 00 70 12.4 Grievance Responsibilities 12.4.1 JURU ENERGY During the scoping and ESIA phase of the Project, stakeholder engagement is being undertaken by JE. Therefore, JE is the main focal point for stakeholders from local communities, including PAPs, to raise grievances. Any grievances raised will be recorded in the grievance form and in the grievance log. The Project Company (Masdar) will assist in the resolution of grievances, and JE and/or Masdar will respond to the grievance. 12.4.2 MASDAR Masdar will identify a suitable staff member to undertake stakeholder engagement activities as required in the SEP once the ESIA phase has been completed. They will take over engagement activities following the ESIA phase. It is expected that Masdar will identify a Community Liaison Officer (CLO) for this purpose (refer to Volume IV Environmental and Social management Plan). The CLO will be the main point of contact between the Project and the local communities. Masdar will be responsible for providing relevant information and training to the EPC Contractor (and other contractors as relevant) about the grievance mechanism, who should be informed and that all grievances (even if they are resolved on the spot) need to be reported to Masdar for logging. 12.4.3 CONTRACTORS/SUBCONTRACTORS The EPC Contractor will be responsible for monitoring its subcontractors, reporting to Masdar any grievances it receives, and providing training to its employees on the grievance mechanism. The EPC Contractor will make sure that reporting and training responsibilities are being cascaded down to contractors and subcontractors. 12.4.4 GRIEVANCE REDRESS COMMITTEE The GRC will incorporate representatives from the Project Company, the EPC Contractor, PAPs (herders), local communities and other stakeholders as deemed necessary. The GRC composition will be defined by the Project Company social officer/CLO. Informal elections may be held to identify the relevant local representation. For specific grievances, additional representatives may be added to the GRC depending on the type of grievance. The specific composition of the GRC will be defined before the start of construction by the CLO and included in subsequent updates of the 66 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 13.2 LRP Contingency Fund A contingency of 10% has been added to the Project costs to cover any additional, unforeseen costs, such as identification of additional PAPs, or cost overruns. 13.3 LRP Implementation Cost In addition to the compensation and allowance costs, the Project will need to pay implementation costs that are expected to extend past the commencement of construction. These costs will include livelihood restoration activities, community benefits, monitoring and administration costs. 14 Institutional Arrangements This section provides an overview of the institutional arrangements and responsibilities in regard to, implementation of the LRP, public consultations, information disclosure, grievance redress, monitoring and reporting. 14.1 Key responsible parties 14.1.1 JURU ENERGY JE will be responsible for the preparation of LRP (this document), negotiation of compensation with PAPs on behalf of Masdar. JE’s responsibilities include: ● Assess the current situation; ● Identify PAPs; ● Identify main legislation principles for land acquisition and compensation process; ● Identify key stakeholders that should be consulted during the LRP; ● Undertake LRP consultations with stakeholders; ● Facilitate compensation negotiations with the PAPs; and ● Support the GRM throughout the LRP preparation process. 14.1.2 MASDAR Masdar will be responsible for the approval of the LRP and compensation payments. Masdar’s responsibilities include: ● Prepare/approve compensation packages as well as additional support for PAPs and their households and livelihood restoration programs; ● Disclose the final entitlements and compensation packages to all the PAPs; ● Disclose LRP on Masdar’s website; ● Review and assist the ESIA Consultant in addressing comments received relating to compensation packages; ● Assist and participate in LRP implementation activities; ● Ensure construction does not start until compensation has been paid; and ● Oversee and act on grievances that will be raised in relation to the LRP. 69 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 14.1.3 PROJECT COMPANY/MAIN CONTRACTOR The Main Contractor has not yet been identified for the Project. They will be employed by Masdar to undertake the construction works of the Project. The Main Contractor’s responsibility in relation to the LRP are expected to include: ● Understand the need and implementation requirements of the LRP; ● Monitor and manage implementation and monitoring of LRP (or hire a contractor to undertake this task); and ● Ensure implementation of livelihood programs/training. 14.1.4 LENDERS’ ROLE Lenders have not yet been identified for the Project. Their responsibility in relation to the LRP will depend on the timing of when they sign on to the Project. Lender responsibilities are expected to include: ● Review and approve LRP (if they are on board prior to LRP implementation); ● Disclose LRP on Lender website; and ● Monitor timely and accurate implementation of LRP or undertake an independent audit of how the LRP was undertaken, per their organization’s requirements. 14.1.5 STATE COMMITTEE ON SERICULTURE AND WOOL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT As a main landowner and government entity, that allocates pasture lands to its subordinate organisations the State Committee will take on the following responsibilities: ● Sign Land Lease Agreement with Masdar to hand over site for the Project; ● Provide alternative land/re-define land lease agreement(s) for affected PAPs/entities if required; and ● Support Masdar in providing information on activities of the Committee and its subordinate structures as required to assess the level of impact from Project construction and land acquisition. 14.1.6 BUKHARA REGIONAL KHOKIMIYAT (MUNICIPALITY) Bukhara regional khokimiyat will be responsible for provisions of the land allotment order and maintaining oversite of the implementation of state and national legislation. Its responsibilities include: ● Take responsibility for implementing state policies and Presidential decrees relating to the Project; ● Provide guidance to local khokimiyat (Alat) on how to implement the Presidential decree relating to the Project; ● Provide the Project site land allotment order; and ● Provide assistance in LRP preparation and implementation as required. 14.1.7 ALAT DISTRICT KHOKIMIYAT (MUNICIPALITY) 70 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS The Alat district khokimiyat will be responsible for allocation of its land in the district and providing support for the implementation of the LRP. The order for project implementation will be issued by Alat district khokimiyat, as it is the representative of state in the district. Its responsibilities include: ● Allocate land in the Alat district to the Project 21; ● Change the status of allocated land for the Project from category of “agricultural/pastural land” to the category of “industry, transport, communication and other” 22; ● Issue the order for project implementation; ● Assist in communication with relevant district department for implementation of LRP; ● Support JE in communication with identified PAPs; and ● Provide assistance in LRP preparation and implementation as required. 14.1.8 COMPENSATION COMMITTEE (IF REQUIRED) As per Uzbek law a compensation committee can be set up. However, it is unlikely to be required for the Project. Should PAPs request a committee to be set up its responsibilities would include 23: ● Ensuring regular monitoring of the timely provision of compensations in full and accounting of compensations provided; ● Submitting information to the Assembly of People's Deputies in cases of untimely and incomplete provision of compensations; ● Assisting in pre-trial settlements of compensation-related conflicts (if relevant); and ● Making decisions of a recommendatory nature on disputes related to the provision of compensation (if relevant). 14.1.9 INDEPENDENT E&S CONSULTANT The independent E&S consultant will be hired to monitor the implementation of the Project. The E&S consultant’s responsibilities include: ● Monitor the implementation process of the LRP and prepare monitoring reports on LRP implementation to be submitted to the lenders; ● Inform Masdar of any arising issues during the valuation process and the implementation and monitoring of the LRP; ● Provide feedback on any non-compliance with the implementation of the LRP and corrective action in the monitoring reports submitted to the lenders; and ● Provide recommendations on issues that require corrective actions in accordance with the lender’s requirements. 21 Although land is managed by SWID, the final order on project implementation will be issued by Alat khokimiyat, as it is representative of state in this district. It will be acknowledged in the order of the Mayor that SWID has been consulted and provided consent for land allocation required for project. 22 This occurs following the issuance of the Presidential Decree. 23 The compensation committee is arranged by khokimiyat and local authorities and typically is formed where there are multiple PAPs, or there are disputes relating to the compensation agreements. The Project Company may be part of the Committee upon invitation by the khokimiyat. 71 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 14.2 Implementation schedule The implementation schedule is the timeframe for the start and completion of all key livelihood restoration activities. The EPC Contractor will not be given the go-ahead to start construction of civil works in affected areas until all the requirements of this LRP have been completed. There is a risk that failure to complete livelihood restoration activities in time, could affect the schedule of the construction works. 72 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 15 Monitoring and Reporting 15.1 Overview Monitoring will enable the Project to establish continuous communication with PAPs through the grievance mechanism, assess the process of LRP, ensure the implementation of actions required under national law and Lender requirements on restoration of livelihoods are being achieved. The process of livelihood restoration will be monitored by JE on behalf of Masdar (or the Main Contractor for activities during the construction phase). There are various activities that require monitoring and reporting as part of this LRP. They are discussed in the following sections. 15.2 Monitoring 15.2.1 INTERNAL MONITORING Implementation of the LRP will be monitored by an ESIA Consultant, assisted by Project Company representatives. During the process of LRP implementation quarterly and semi-annual livelihood restoration monitoring and evaluation reports will be prepared. Once the LRP is completed (following the provision of entitlements, expected to be at the end of September 2023 - completion of livelihood restoration activities may take longer to complete) a completion audit will be undertaken and compliance report will be prepared including an assessment of whether the objectives of the LRP have been met. The final internal monitoring report may be used, along with a specially prepared checklists, as the basis for allowing mobilization works to start in the impacted sections. Internal monitoring will focus on progress on livelihood restoration activities, progress on key performance indicators (KPIs – discussed further in section 14.3), results of consultations and other activities, issues affecting the performance of the livelihood restoration, constraints, variations from what was included in the LRP (if any), reasons for those variations, corrective actions (to address any issues identified) and lessons learned. If any significant issues related to livelihood restoration or if any unanticipated impacts are identified, the ESIA Consultant will prepare a corrective action plan to address such issues. 15.2.2 EXTERNAL/THIRD PARTY AUDIT/COMPLETION AUDIT In addition, to the internal auditing there will be an External Monitoring Agent (EMA), or Lenders environmental and social due diligence (ESDD) team hired to undertake external monitoring. The EMA will be a qualified non-government organization (NGO), consultancy firm or another agency and must be independent from the ESIA Consultant. The EMA’s role will be to verify the internal monitoring results and monitor that the LRP process has been implemented in accordance with the agreed LRP. At the end of the implementation of the LRP, the EMA will undertake a completion audit and prepare a compliance report including an assessment of whether the objectives of the LRP have been met. The EMA will also review the implementation of the complaints and grievance 74 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS procedures to ensure any concerns raised by PAPs are addressed satisfactorily. External monitoring will cover (but not be limited to) the following: a) Progress of livelihood restoration: o Compensation standards and disbursement of compensation funds; o Re-distribution and adjustment of land use titles and land-based tax and registration liabilities; o Living standards of PAPs, monitoring whether PAPs are same or better off than their pre-project situation. Measures may include (but not be limited to) demographic changes, health (illnesses incidence and medical facilities available); education (levels of completion and literacy); poverty incidence; income levels, occupations and employment status; and vulnerability indicators; o Development of host sites (as required) and ensuring PAPs are re-established adequately to a level where they are the same or better off than the pre-project situations; o Numbers of grievances and their resolution; o Consultations; o Recommendations to the ESIA Consultant of any issues requiring immediate attention in implementing the LRP; o Lessons learned; b) Quarterly and semi-annual monitoring of additional PAPs: Reporting on the identification of any additional displaced persons not covered in the LRP. c) Institutional evaluation: Within one year after completion of LRP implementation, an evaluation of LRP implementation stakeholder institutions will be conducted and reported. d) Post implementation: After the second year of civil works implementation, livelihood restoration effectiveness will be evaluated in order determine if the PAPs have the same or better standards of living than their pre-project situation. e) Lessons learned: Recommendations for implementation of future livelihood restoration projects will be provided. 15.3 Livelihood Restoration Reporting The LRP will be disclosed as part of the ESIA documentation. Following preparation of the LRP, regular quarterly internal reporting will be prepared during LRP implementation to disclose livelihood restoration progress. Main indicators will include but will not be limited to the following: ● Consultations with stakeholders and PAPs. Outcomes of consultations (response letters, MoMs etc); ● Compensation paid; ● Livelihood restoration activities undertaken; and ● Grievances received. Table 26 provides an overview of the types of reporting that will be required throughout the LRP implementation process. 75 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ☐ English Description of Incident/Grievance What happened? Where did it happen? Who did it happen to? What is the result of the problem? Nature of project information requested. ☐ One-time incident/grievance (date…) Date of Incident/Grievance ☐ Happened more than once (how many times?) ☐ On-going (currently experiencing problem) What would you like to see happen to resolve the problem? Signature: Date: 80 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Nima sodir bo’ldi? Qayerda? Murojaat/shikoyat Kim buni boshidan o’tkazdi? mazmuni Natijada nima sodir bo’ldi? So’ralgan loyiha ma’lumotining tabiati. ☐ Bir martalik murojaat/shikoyat (sana________) Murojaat/shikoyat sanasi ☐ Bir necha marta yuborilgan murojaat/shikoyat (necha marotaba __________) ☐ Davom etayotgan (ayni paytda yechimi topilayotgan murojaat) Muammoni hal qilish uchun qanday chora- tadbirlar qo’llanishini xohlaysiz? Imzo: Sana: 82 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Annex C: Evidence of Disclosure of LRP Census and asset survey questionnaire 84 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Census and asset survey Survey № ______ I. General provisions Project location Name of farmer Name of farmland (if registered as legal entity) Counter number/cadastral references of plot, if applicable: Gender of the farm owner Nationality Age Vulnerability: disability/from a low-income family (if applicable) The total size of farming land Size of affected plot Sketch/cadastral map of affected plot and copy of land lease agreement (if available) 1. Current usage a) Mainly residential b) Mainly agricultural c) Forest d) Pasture e) Unused f) Other (please specify) _______________________________________ 1.1. If land is used for agricultural purposes please fill in the table below: UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 85 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS No Type of crop Size of plated size (if tree add the number as well) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1.2. If land is used for grazing please fill in the table below: No Type of livestock Number Size of grazing area Rented Owned 1. Cows 2. Sheep 3. 4. 5. 6. 2. Regime of land ownership a) Legal lease (please specify the lease duration) _______________________________ b) Informal lease (please specify an informal lease duration) _______________________ c) Shared ownership ______________________________________________________ d) Fully owned ___________________________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 86 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS e) Other (please specify) ___________________________________________________ If you are not a single owner of the land, please share the information about the type of your ownership. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 3. Please indicate how long have you been using this land 4. What is the main source of water for irrigation A) Water well built by myself; total cost ___________________________________________ B) Water well provided by LLC; cost ______________________________________________ C) Water well provided by municipality; total cost ____________________________________ D) Existing water well on the area; total cost ________________________________________ E) Other ________________________; total costs __________________________________ 5. Could you please describe the general approach of your livestock farming business? How do you graze livestock? Do you have a temporary client, whom you sell livestock if necessary? What have you done to enlarge your livestock activities? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __ 6. Do you have an alternative land to use? ________Yes _______No If yes, please share the information about this land (location, size etc.) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 87 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ 7. Do you hire workers to assist you in farming/grazing activities? _______Yes _______No If yes, please fill in the table below: No Name of worker Nature of job Employment Monthly/ Number and Do they pay (e.g. grazing, period seasonal type of owned for grazing breeding, (seasonally, salary livestock (if their own etc.) permanent, applicable) livestock? (if temporary) applicable indicate how much) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Are the herders you associate with your relatives or family members? A) Son B) Brother C) Uncle D) Cousin E) Other 9. Do your family members help you with livestock farming? _______Yes _______No If yes, please indicate UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 88 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS A) all round year B) In winter season C) In spring season D) In summer season 10. Do you pay for your family members? _______Yes _______No if you pay for your family members, please indicate how much you pay per month per person. ___________________________________________________ UZS per person if you do not pay for your family members please indicate how do you compensate their labour? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 12. How much do you pay for a hired worker/herder per month? a) _____________________ UZS per month b) _____________________ UZS for 15 days c) Pay with _____ head of sheep or head of goat for ____month or ______for a year ______ d) Other ___________________________________________________________________ II. Notification on land use 8. Could you please share the dates and type of notification for termination of your land lease agreement as well as date of agreement termination? What organization issued notification and termination of land lease agreement? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ 9. Please share your expenses associated with agricultural activities, including taxes? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ 10. Do you have monthly payment for loan? UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 89 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS A) No B) Yes If yes, please specify 11. Does limitation to access the site potentially affect your loan? A) Yes B) No 12. Do you have other source for paying loan? A) Yes B) No If yes, please indicate how many years you have to pay for loan III. Loses Please answer for the following questions if you are losing a part of land plot for grazing A) Have you issued new land lease agreement for the remaining livestock? A) Yes B) No If yes, please provide the date of issue and date of expiry of your new land lease agreement, as well as general terms and conditions for this agreement. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ If no, please provide when it is going to happen and who is responsible for this? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 90 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS B) What kind of assistantship you would like to get for your future plans? A) Legal advice on how to get a new land for farming B) Financial support for starting new business C) Assistance in finding sustainable job in local market D) Other (please specify) ________________________________ C) What is your income you get from using land allocated for the project site? a) Monthly__________ b) Annual__________ D) How much are going to lose if you are not allowed to use land at the Project site? ________________________________________________________________________________ E) For herders whose settlements are located at Project site – How do you assess the loss if your settlement will be removed from Project site? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Who control the ‘Temir’ agreement? A) ________________________________________________________________________ 14. How many sheep did you sell for 2020-2021 and for 2019-2020? _________________Number ____________________ amount UZS _________________Month/______________________per year 15. Please specify why you sold livestock? UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 91 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 92 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS List of real estate objects of farms TO BE FILLED BY VALUATOR ONLY Condition of the object Connection to the public utilities Cost of the object (electricity, water, gas etc.) 1- New or very good according to the Names/types of Year of Number of 2- Fair № Overall area, m² available documents, objects construction rooms 3- Poor Value 4- Ruin, unable to use (mln. soum) estimated by (tobeassessbyvaluatoronly) the owner, Phone lines Gas supply Power grid network disposal sewage Waste Water Public (mln. Soum) M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 93 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 94 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS Listof livestock TO BE FILLED BY VALUATOR ONLY № Type of livestock Size of grazing land Grazing period (start date Average number of Average net Overall expenses Real cost according Notes and expected date to livestock in the last 3 income received spent for livestock national legislation termination of land lease years. from livestock in 2021 (to be filled by agreement valuator only) Cows Sheep ……….. M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 95 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS List of agricultural crops/trees (if applicable) № Type of crop/tree Size of planted land Planted time Expected time for Total amount of Average net Overall expenses Real cost according Notes harvesting expenses for income spent for crops national legislation planting (seeds, received from in 2021 (to be filled by planting, watering crops valuator only) etc) M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 96 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Thank you very much for your participation in the survey! Date of survey: _________________, 2023 Interviewer (full name and signature) _________________________________________ Herder (full name and signature) _____________________________________________ Evaluator (full name and signature) __________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 97 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Annex D: Socio-economic survey questionnaire Q1|_______| № questionnaire SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY FOR Nur Bukhara Solar PV PROJECT Hello! My name is _________________________. We are performing a household survey as part of the Environment and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the upcoming Nur Bukhara Solar PV Project. Development of this Project is part of the ongoing and planned reforms by the Government of Uzbekistan, that are targeted at modernization of Uzbekistan’s energy sector. We request you to kindly take part in our survey to determine the socioeconomic status of the households within the communities. Survey covers demographic as well as socio- economic characteristics of local households. Collecting this information will enable us to understand if there will be any potential impacts to the surrounding local community and on local areas. It will take approximately 40 minutes of your time to answer the questions. All information provided by you will be strictly confidential (Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan №547 dated 02.07.2019). Furthermore, collected information will be coded and analyzed together with responses from other households, without indicating your address, and personal details. Once the ESIA is submitted we will keep your data for 5 years before disposing of it in a secure manner. You will have the right to review and change the data provided or request it to be deleted at any time. It is your choice to accept or refuse to participate in the survey. UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 98 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS QUESTIONNAIRE Questionnaire passport Q1. Full name of the respondent ____________________________ Q2. Location Alat district 1 Other (Please indicate) _____________________ 2 Q3. Mahalla 24 Q4. Settlement/village/Micro district Q5. Surveyed zone: __________(eg. LC1, LC2, and etc.) Q6. Household address (street, house/apartment): Q7. Surname and first name of the interviewer: ___________________ | | Q8 Survey Date: | ____ | ___________2023 Q9. Verifier/Encoder ______________ | ____ | (not filled) Q10. Operator _________________ | ____ | (not filled) 24 Makhalla is local self-governing community UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 99 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS А. THE HOUSEHOLD Could you please share the information about your family members, including those who live in this residence and share their income and expenses of your family. INTERVIEWER: FILL IN THE TABLE STARTING FROM THE RESPONDENT UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 100 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS Relation to the household 15.5.1 Nationality 15.5.2 Gender Education 15.5.3 Occupation 15.5.4 Disability status head 1 - Uzbek 1 – illiterate (ONLY 1 ANSWER OPTION) 1 - Household head (HHH) 2 - Father or mother of HHH 1 – male 2 – can read and write, but didn’t Student 1- Not disabled graduate from secondary school 2- Physical disability 3 - Spouse or partner of HHH 2 - Other peoples of Central 1 – full-time student (up to high school) 3- Mental disability 4 - Son or daughter of HHH Asia (Kazakhs, Tajiks, Turkmen, 2 – graduated secondary school Kyrgyz) 2 – female 2 - college student, lyceum, university student etc. 5 - Sister or brother of HHH or 3 – graduated from high school the spouse of sister or brother Working 6 - Other relative 4 - Secondary special (graduated 3 - Other Asian Nations from college, lyceum, vocational 3 – employed at government 7 - Non relative household member school, technical school) 4 – employed by private sector company 5 - higher(bachelor)/ postgraduate 4 - Slav (Russians, Ukrainians, 4 - employed on a farm by a non-family member (Master’s/PhD) Belarusians) 5- Seasonal worker, works on temporary and seasonal jobs 6 – child (still completing education) 6 - Entrepreneur/Owner of business (registered or 5 - Other (please specify) unregistered) in the non-agricultural sector (e.g. commerce, Serial Age services, manufacturing) num ber 7 - works in a family farm 8 - works on a household plot 9- home maker Doesnotwork 10 - registered disabled person 12- due to the health problems 12 - pensioner 13 - officially registered as unemployed 14 – unemployed in active search for job opportunities (not registered at labour exchange) 15 – unemployed and not looking for job opportunities 16 – other (please specify) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 1 2 M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 101 VolumeV: LivelihoodRestorationPlan NurBukharaSolarPVandBESS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M UZB- AS_ESIAfor SolarPV_Bukhara–LRPv4.0 (Final fordisclosure) 102 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS A7. How many members are there in your family in total? ______________ A8. Are there any members of your household who are earning money in other regions of Uzbekistan or abroad? Yes 1 No 2 A8-1. If yes, how many people? __________________ A10. Who is responsible to carry out household chores like cooking, washing, going to the market? Adult female 1 Adult male 2 Children (up to 18 years) 3 Elderly age people) 4 A9. What are the main challenges that female members of your household have in the local area, especially at work place? Economic inequality 1 Access to equal opportunity 2 Lack of respect 3 Access to public services 4 No opportunities for career 5 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 103 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Limited access for education, professional 6 trainings Other (please specify) A10. How many pre-school year children? ________ (if there are no children) A11. How many school year children? ________ A12. Do your children attend school? Yes 1 No 2 A13. Do your children work? Yes 1 No 2 A14. How many hours do your children work per week? Approximately __________________ hours B. ACCOMMODATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS B1. Type of house you live in UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 104 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Private house 1 Flat in a multi-stored apartment 2 B2. What is your family’s ownership of this house/apartment? Lifetime rental (for private home) 1 Privatized apartment 2 Rented house\apartment 3 Allocated housing by work 4 Other (please specify) ________________ B3. Who is the owner of the house (by gender)? Male 1 Female 2 Both male and female 3 B4. Do you live in this house all year round? Yes, all year round 1 No, we only spend few month in this house 2 We spend some months in another house 3 B4-1. If you use this house temporarily, could you please tell which months do you use this house? UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 105 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS ___________________________ B5. What are your main household assets Yes No B5_1 Car 1 2 B5_2 TV 1 2 B5_3 Satellite dish 1 2 B5_4 Washing machine 1 2 B5_5 Refrigerator 1 2 B5_6 Air conditioner 1 2 B5_7 Greenhouse 1 2 B5_8 Personal computer 1 2 B5_9 Mobile phone 1 2 B5_10 Motorbike 1 2 B5_11 Car 1 2 B6. Does the house/courtyard of the house you live in have the following amenities? Yes, we Yes, but it works with We have but it Don’t have frequent interruptions doesn’t have work В6_1 Centralized gas 1 2 3 4 supply В6_2 Central heating 1 2 3 4 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 106 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Gas in cylinders 3 2 Coal 4 3 Wood or plant materials 5 4 Dry manure 6 5 Electricity 7 6 Other (please specify) B9. How do you manage household waste? To the pit for special waste in the yard 1 To public waste containers on the street 2 Waste is taken by private waste company 3 Waste is taken by State waste disposal company 4 Other (please specify) B10. How stable is electricity supply in your local area? Are there power outages? ONLY 1 ANSWER Stable all around the year 1 Unstable all around the year (both in winter and 2 summer) Unstable during the winter 3 Other (please specify) 4 C. LIVESTOCK AND AGRICULTURE UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 108 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS C1. How many heads of livestock and poultry are owned by members of your household? Cows, bulls Lambs, goats Camels Poultry Other (please specify No livestock or poultry 99 C2. Does your household have a farm or additional land plot(s)? Yes 1 No 2 C3. The total area of the site(s) _________ hectares C4. What kind of agricultural crops did you cultivate in your farm in 2022? Cotton 1 Wheat 2 Potato and other vegetables 3 Fruit trees/grape 4 Forage crops 5 Melon/watermelon 6 Rice 7 Other (please specify) UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 109 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS C5. Do you farm throughout the year or on specific seasons of the year? All around the year 1 Seasonally in Spring 2 Seasonally in Summer 3 Seasonally in Autumn 4 Seasonally in Winter 5 C6. What is the purpose of your agricultural activities For income 1 For household needs only 2 C7. Please indicate labour source for your farming activities? (Indicate all possible options) Hired workers 1 Family members (adults) 2 Family members (children) 3 C8.. Who are mostly involved to your farming activities? Female family members 1 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 110 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Male family members 2 D. PROJECT SITE USAGE D1. Do you use the Project site? Yes 1 No 2 � D6 D2. For what purposes the Project site is used? Grazing 1 Cultural and/or recreation 2 Fishing in Amu Bukhara canal (as access road to the canal) 3 Farming 4 Collecting herbs 5 Other (please specify) _________________________ D3. If you use the Project site for grazing, what parts do you use? (please choose the areas from the figure below MULTIPLE ANSWERS POSSIBLE) UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 111 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS D4. If you use the Project site for grazing, do you have an agreement with the Alat Hokimyat or the Committee of Sericulture and Wool Development for that? Yes 1 No 2 D5. How often do you use the Project site? Daily 1 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 112 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Approximately once per week 2 Approximately once per month 3 Seasonally (which season(s)__________) 4 Other (please specify) _________________________ D6. Do you pay for using the Project site? Yes 1 No 2 If yes, how much? ____________________________ D7. How often do you use the road located close to the Project site? Daily 1 Monthly 2 Seasonally 3 Other (please specify) _________________________ D8. Is there any alternative road that you can use? Yes 1 No 2 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 113 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS If yes, please state ________________________________ D9. Do you know if there are any cultural objects of international, national or local importance that are located within the Project site or within a 5 km radius? Yes 1 No 2 If yes, please state what it is and where its located_______________________________ E. AMU BUKHARA CANAL USE AND FISHING E1. Do you use water from AMU BUKHARA canal for your household or other activities? MULTIPLE OPTIONS POSSIBLE No 1 Yes, for fishing 2 Yes, for drinking water 3 Yes, for household activities 4 Yes, for irrigation 5 E2. For what purposes you are involved in fishing in canal? (both answers are possible) Supply household with fish 1 Commercial fishing 2 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 114 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS E3. Do you need a license to perform fishing activities? No 1 Yes, I have a license 2 It requires a license, but I don’t have it 3 E4. Approximately how much fish do you catch annually? ________kg E5. Please indicate seasons when you fish in in the canal? Winter 1 Spring 2 Summer 3 Autumn 4 Any time of year 5 E6. Please indicate the type of fish that you catch in the canal? ______________________________________________________________________________________ F. ACCESS TO SOCIAL SERVICES F1. Do you have health (medical) services facilities in your local area? Yes 1 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 115 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS No 2 If not please specify how far and where is the health service you use to go? ____________________� F3 F2. Are these health centers well-equipped? Yes 1 No 2 Difficult to assess 3 Other (please specify) _______________ F3. What are the common diseases for your local community or household members? Acute respiratory diseases (influenza, colds) 1 Infectious diseases (jaundice, tuberculosis) 2 Cardiovascular diseases (heart disease) 3 Gastrointestinal diseases (gastritis, cirrhosis, peptic ulcer) 4 Diseases of the nervous system (migraine, neurosis) 5 Diseases of the genitourinary system, gynaecological diseases 6 Anemia 7 Endocrine diseases (goiter, diabetes mellitus) 8 Oncology 9 Difficult to answer 10 Other (please specify) 99 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 116 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS F4. How many educational organisations are in your local area and how far away from your house is the closest one (approximate distance)? Code Name of educational organization F4.1 Amount F4.2 Approximate distance of closest facility (km) F4_1 Kindergarten F4_2 School F4_3 College/lyceum F4_4 Higher educational institution G6. Are schools equipped with necessary facilities? Yes, schools have all necessary facilities 1 Yes, schools have equipped only with first-need 2 facilities No, schools are poor equipped 3 No, schools are in a very bad condition 4 F5. What is the main mode of transportation for your household? Own car 1 Public transport (including private mini buses) 2 Local taxi 3 Other (please specify) 4 F6. Does your family receive monthly poverty benefits? UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 117 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Yes, receives 1 Should receive but it is not provided 2 Not applicable for our household 3 F7. Are there any non-governmental/community-based organisations in their area? Yes 1 No 2 There are no such organizations 3 If yes, please name them F7_1. _________________________ F7_2. _________________________ F8. Do you have police or other security services/facilities in your local area? Yes 1 No 2 If no please specify how far and where is the police or security services you would use? ____________________ H. EXPENDITURES AND INCOME H1. Could you please give information about your main household expenditure per month? Types of expenses Expenses UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 118 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS (thousan d soum s) 1. Taxes (payment) for public utilities (electricity, gas, heating, etc.) 2. Food 3. Purchase and delivery of water for drinking and domestic needs 4. Medical treatment 5. Transportation (Public and private) 6. Education (purchase of school supplies, textbooks, contributions to the school fund, college and university expenses, payment of courses, tutors, etc.) 7. Costs of farm/garden (tomorka), including the purchase and maintenance of livestock, poultry and fodder 8. Loan payment (if applicable) 9. Other expenses H2. Please tell me what is your family’s average monthly income of all family members, including salaries, pensions, allowances, scholarships, income from business and agricultural activities, and all other income? This question is optional, you may refuse to respond to this question. Alternatively, you can provide an average or estimated cost. Types of income Total (thousand soums) 1. From the sale of livestock, poultry and agricultural products, including livestock products produced on own farm . 2. 15.5.4.1 From non-agricultural entrepreneurial activity UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 119 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS 3. Social assistance (if you receive any payments as low income family or for another reasons) 4. From employment in agriculture (non-family farms, income of agricultural producers) 5. From employment in the non-agricultural sector (enterprises, organizations, firms, including unskilled workers) 6. Pensions (applicable for old members of family), if applicable 7. Disability pension, if applicable 8. Money sent/brought by family members, temporary labor migrants 9. Other income (please specify) H3. How do you rate your household income? ONLY ONE ANSWER! Income is more than enough, can buy anything 1 Income is enough for food, clothing and other 2 basic needs Income is enough only for basic needs (food, 3 clothing, bills) Income is not enough to cover basic needs 5 Income is not enough even for food 6 No answer, refused to answer H4. Could you please tell us if there are other threats that impact to your income? CHOOSE UP TO 2 ANSWERS No threats 1 Decrease in prices for agricultural products 2 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 120 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Lack of irrigation water 3 Rising prices for consumer goods 4 Lack of water in Amu Bukhara canal 5 Prolonged quarantine time 6 Unemployment 7 Difficult to answer 8 Other (please specify) _______________________ I. PROJECT AWARENESS I1 Did you hear about the Project? Yes, I knew about the plans for this work 1 Yes, I heard about it, but a little 2 No, I haven’t heard anything about it 3 INTERVIEWER will briefly describe the main objectives as well as potential impacts of Project I3 What positive changes do you think will happen if this project is implemented? NO MORE THAN 2 RESPONSES The power supply will improve 1 The conditions for doing business will improve 2 Electricity generation costs will decrease 3 The power supply voltage will improve 4 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 121 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS The cost of electricity will decrease 5 Ecology will improve 6 New jobs will be created 7 The activities of schools, hospitals, and other 8 social institutions will improve Efficiency of electricity supply will increase 9 Nothing will change, everything will remain the 10 same Difficult to answer 99 Other (please specify) I4 What could be the negative consequences for the population and the area from the Project? NO MORE THAN 2 RESPONSES During result of construction, housing and property of 1 families\entrepreneurs may be affected Job cuts 2 Damage to gardens\farm\pastoral lands 3 Noise, dust during construction work 4 Damage to roads, irrigation canals, gas, water pipes, bridges 5 Ecological/Environmental Impairment 6 Pressure on social services due to the influx of a lot of labor from 7 other places The project will not harm anyone 9 Traffic due to the moving heavy machinery 10 Reduced grazing areas 11 UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 122 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Difficult to answer 99 Other (please specify) I5 From what sources would you prefer to receive information on the implementation progress and the results of the Project? NO MORE THAN 2 RESPONSES Special Project Newsletters 1 Television 2 Radio 3 Social networks 4 Public consultations 5 Mahalla Committee 6 Khokimiyat\energy sales\inspector of Energy 7 sales Other (please specify) I6. What kind of measures should be taken in order mitigate the negative consequences of the Project? NO MORE THAN 2 RESPONSES Appropriate compensation for losses 1 Refusal of work that could damage the property of the population 2 and business To develop programs to support families in need in the project area 3 Rehabilitation of damaged communal, irrigation and social 4 infrastructure facilities in a short period of time Implement a project work plan agreed with the population and the 5 local community UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 123 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Abandonment of activities that may harm the ecology / 6 environment Public control over the progress of the Project through the 7 involvement of local community representatives Difficult to answer 99 Other (please specify) (Multiple answers are possible) Please provide us with any other information/feedback/concerns you may have regarding the project and other issues associated with the Project (safety, gender issues etc.) Thank you very much for your participation in the survey! Additional Interviewer Notes _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 124 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS Annex E: LRP disclosure brochure LRP disclosure brochure ENG UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 125 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 126 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS UZB UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 127 Volume V: Livelihood Restoration Plan Nur Bukhara Solar PV and BESS UZB-MAS_ESIA for Solar PV_Bukhara – LRP v4.0 (Final for disclosure) 128